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( 4 April 2013 )
7"nf /fhgLlts bn clwsf/ lbg rfx“bg } g\ M ;b\efjgf dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;g';/L @! r}q . ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf cWoIf /fh]Gb| dxtf]n] cflbjf;L, hghflt, dw]zL, blnt nufotsf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d' b fosf] clwsf/nfO{ 7" n f /fhgLlts bnn] ;'lgZrt ug{ g;]sf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . d+ u naf/ ;' g ;/Lsf] ef]qmfxfdf cfPsf ;befjf cWoIf dxtf]n] dw]zL hgtfsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;'lglZrt ug{sfnfuL ;befjgf kf6L{nfO{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] cfufdL lgjf{rgdf ef/L ax'dtn] lhtfpg} kg{ ] atfpg' e of] . dfcf] j fbL, sfF u | ] ; , Pdfn] nfufotsf bnx?n] d'n'snfO{ efjgfTd ?kdf Ps ug{ grfx]sf] l6Kk0fL ug'e { of] . ;befjgf kf6L{ n ] dw]zsf] clwsf/nfO{ dfq cfkmgf] d'2f gagfPsf] :d/0f ub}{ cWoIf
;befjgf kf6Lsf{ cWoIf /fh]Gb| dxtf]n] ;Kt/L lhNnf ltnf7L uflj;sf k"j{ uflj; cWoIf nlnt emfnfO{ ;befjgf kf6L{sf] ;b:otf lb+b} . t:jL/ M dw]z kf]:6 dxtf]n] lxdfn kxf8 tyf dw]zsf hghflt cfbLjf;L nufot
/fHosf] alx:s/0fdf kfl/sf ;Dk"0f{ ;d'bfosf] clwsf/sf] nfuL ;+3if{
ug]{ pb3f]if ug'e { of] . To;} u /L ;befjgf kf6L{sf k|jtmf ;Gtf]if d]xtfn] @) xhf/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] Hofg lnP/ ;Qfdf cfPsf] dfcf]jfbL ;+3Lotf k| l t OdfGbf/ x' g g;] s f] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] Pdfcf]jfbL ;+3Lotfdf OdfGbf/ g/x]sf]n] Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ dw]zL hgftfn] alx:sf/ ug'{ kg]{ atfpg'eof] so{qmddsf csf{ jtmf clg; cG;f/Ln] Pdfcf]fjfbL, sfu|; ] / Pdfn]df /x]sf dw]zL g] t fx?nfO{ dw] z jfbL bndf ;+u7Lt x'g cfXjfg ug'e { of] . To;}u/L ;befjgfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o of]uG] b| /fo ofbjn] ;+ot' m /fi6«;3 + n] k|Tofe"tL u/]sf] cfTdlg0f{o ;+lxtfk|lt sf+u; ]| Pdfn] pbf;Lg b]lvg'n] pgLx?n] kl/j{tg grfx] s f] :k:6 ePsf] bfaL ug'e { Psf] lyof] .
lj1fkgsf] nflu vfnL 5 . ;Dks{ gDa/ dn+ujf M– (&$$))#*)^, (*$$)**!%) )$^–%@!#(@ hgsk'/ M– (*$$!!(&$^ )$!–%@*@)^
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afn'jf lu§L cf];f/ k;f/df :yfgLoaf;Lsf] ca/f]w dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @! r}q . ;8sdf kfgL gk6fO{ lu§L afn'jf cf];f/ k;f/ u/]sf] eGb} a'waf/ laxfgb]lv dn+ u jfsf] /fh >L rf] s df :yflgoaf;Ln] cf];f/ k;f/ sfo{ cj?4 kf/]sf 5g\ . ljutdf ePsf] ljxfg a]ns ' f b'O{ k6s ;8sdf kfgL k6fpg' kg],{ ;8ssf vfN8f v'N8L k'gk{' g]{ tyf laxfg ^ ah]bl] v ( ah] ;Dd / a]n'sf ^ ah]b]lv /flt ( ah];Dd dfq cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ ;Demf}tf eP klg clxn] To; ljkl/t qm;/ Joj;foLn] dgk/L u/]sfn] afWo eP/ ;8s cj?4 kf/]sf] gful/s ;dfhsf lzj
rf}w/Ln] atfpg'eof] . ;Demf}tf ljkl/t sfo{ eO{ / xF b f klg lhNnf k| z f;g sfof{no :yfgLo k|x/L df}g /x]sf] eGb} :yflgoaf;L b'Mv JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . k|zf;gsf] /f]xa/df ;Demf}tf ePklg clxn] ;Demf}tfsf] 7f8f] pNn+3g eO{/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLoaf;Ln] lbge/L ;8s cj?4 agfpFbf /fh>L rf]sb]lv ef/tLo ;Ldf;Dd 6«ssf] nfd nfu]sf] 5 . afn'jf lu6\6L lgsf;Ldf k};fsf] v]n Jofks ePsf sf/0f ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ljkl/t sfd eO{ /x] s f] :yflgojf;Lx?sf] syg /x]sf] 5.
k'/fgf] gful/stfsf] tYofËs ;+sng ljlw k|lt cfklt dw]z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @! r}q . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;nf{xLn] @)^# ;fn eGbf klxnfsf] gful/stfsf] xfn ul//x]sf] tYofËs ;+sng sfo{kl| t
atfpg' ePsf] 5 . dw]z kf]i6 ;+u s'/f ub}{ pxfF n ] gful/stfsf] tYofËs ;+sng ug{sf nflu lhNnf k|zf;g
hgtflGqs t/fO{ dw]; d'lQm kf6L{n] ;nf{xLdf xltof/ a'emfof] dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @! r}q . ;z:q ;d"x …hgtflGqs t/fO{ dw]z d'lQm kf6L{Ú -eut l;+x ;d"x_ n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;nf{xLdf rf/yfg xltof/ a'emfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/;Fu zflGt jftf{ u/] / ePsf] ;xdlt cg' ; f/ ljleGg lhNnf k| z f;g sfof{nox?df cfkm";Fu ePsf xltof/x? ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg] qmddf ;nf{ x L If] q af6 pQm ;d"xsf ;+of]hs dgf]hs'df/ d08n ;'jf;n] tLg yfg gns6'jf aGb's, Psyfg l/jNj/ / rf/yfg uf] n L a' e mfPsf] xf] .k| T o] s lhNnfdf ePsf xltof/ ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf a'emfpg]
sfo{qmd cGtu{t a'wfj/ ;nf{xLdf a' e mfOPsf] ;+ o f] h s d08nn] hfgsf/L lbg'fof] . ;d"xn] o;cl3 afFs] / k;f{nufotsf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf xftxltof/ a'emfO;s]sf] 5 . dw]zsf !$ lhNnfdf /x]sf @ ;o &* yfg xltof/ dWo] ( lhNnfdf ! ;o %) xltof/ a'emfO;s]sf] / af"sL % lhNnfdf klg s]xLlbg leq} xltof/ a'emfpg] d08nn] atfpg'eof] . d08n;+ u } kf6L{ s f pkfWoIf t'kmfgl;+x eGg] k|Nxfb dx/f / jftf{6f]nL ;b:o l;sGb/ jfuL eGg] zfxjfh cfnd xltof/ a'emfpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;nf{xLdf cfPsf lyP .
gful/stf agfpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;nf{xLdf nfu]sf] le8 . tl:j/ dw]z kf]i6
lhNnf k|;fzg sfof{no ;nf{xLdf xltof/ a'emfpb} hgtflGqs t/fO{ dw]; d'lQm kf6L{sf jftf{6fnL . tl:j/ M dw]z kf]i6
skf; pBf]udf ePsf] cfunfuLaf6 $) nfv eGbf a9L Iflt dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, @! r}q . ;nf{xLsf] nfnaGbLl:yt skf; / sk8f pBf]udf ePsf] cfunfuLaf6 $) nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9Lsf] wgdfn gi6 ePsf] 5 . ho xg' d fg skf; pBf] u / ho>L/fd sk8f pBf]udf d+unaf/ ;fFem cfunfuL ePkl5 ul/Psf] k| f /lDes cg';Gwfgaf6 $) nfv eGbf a9Lsf] gf]S;fgL ePsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .
d+unaf/ kfFr ah]lt/ ePsf] cfunfuL :yfgLojf;L, g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn tyf z;:q k|x/L / ;fu/gfy jg ljsf; kl/of] h gfaf6 cfPsf] kfgL 6of+ s /sf] ;+ o ' Q m k| o f;df lgoGq0fdf lnO{Psf] lyof] . pQm cfunfuL eO{ /xFbf e"bj] vfB pBf]u tyf cf;kf;sf j:tLdf cfuf] km}ng] 8/n] cft+lst ePsf :yfgLojf;Lsf] 36gf:yndf 7"nf] eL8 nfu]sf] lyof] . s]xL lbgotf ;nf{xLdf
lg/Gt/ cfunfuLsf 36gfx? eO{ /x]sf 5g\ . ut zlgjf/ xl/jgl:yt O{ G b' z + s / lrgL pBf]udf pv' k]n]/ lgl:sPsf] auf;df cfuf] nfu]sf] lyof] eg] To;sf] s]xL lbg cl3 aonaf;df ahf/df cfunfuL xFb' f %) eGbf a9L 6x/f gi6 ePsf lyP . lhNnfdf ePsf] Pp6f jf?0f oGq klg lalu|Psfn] cfunfuLsf 36gf xF'bf aflx/L lhNnfaf6 jf?0f oGq Nofpg' kg{] afWotf 5 .
;b\efjgf kf6L{sf lhNnf cWoIf k|df]b ;fxn] 3f]/ cfklt hgfPsf] 5. gful/stf gljs/0f, 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] gful/stf agfpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf hfFbf k'/} kl/jf/nfO{ pkl:yt u/fpg]{ sfo{ lgGbgLo ePsf] cWoIf ;fxn]
sfof{no ;nf{xLn] ufpF ufpFdf 6f]nL v6fpg'sf] ;f6f cfd gful/snfO{ b'Mv lbg] sfd u/]sf] eGb} cfklt hgfpb} clanDa 6f]nL v6fpgsf] nflu dfFu ug'e {[ of] . r'gfjsf] d'vdf gfofF JolQmnfO{ gful/stf lbg' k g] { afFsL # k]hdf
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k|aGw lgb]{zs sfo{ s f/L ;Dkfbs hgsk'/ k|ltlglw k| s fzs
M– lgd]if s0f{ M– ljZjgfy 7fs' / M– a6'sgfy emf M– dw] z sf nflu ;~rf/ sfof{no
dn+ujf M– lhlj; rf}s dn+ujf, ;nf{xL, kmf]g M– )$^–%@!#(@ hgsk'/ M–/fdrf}s hgsk'/, wg'iff kmf]g M– )$!–%@*@)& d'b0| f M– b'uf{ ckm;]6 k|; ] , dn+ujf tyf Sjfln6L ckm;]6 k|; ] ,hgsk'/ E-mail: madheshpost@gmail.com
? ;DkfbsLo=============== ? e|i6 gu/kflnsfx? dw]zkf]i6 k|sflzt x'g] b'j} :Yffgsf gu/kflnsfx? dn+ujf / hgsk'/ d'ns ' s} c;kmn / e|i6 gu/kflnsf ;fljt ePsf 5g\ . xfdLn] ljutdf gu/kflnsfsf] nfk/jfxL, gu/jf;Lsf kL8f, /fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo k|ltlglwx?sf csd{0otfsf af/]df xfdLn] k|z:t} n]Vof}+ . hgtfsf kIfdf n]Vof},+ ;DalGwt lgsfox?nfO{ emsemsfof}+ . xfd|f] of] k|of; sf]xL JolQm jf bn ljz]ifsf] lj/f]w ug'{ jf cfIf]k nufpg' geO{ ljsf;sf k|lt pgLx?nfO{ pTk|l] /t u/fpg' dfq} lyof] . t/ o;aLr dn+ujf / hgsk'/ b'j} gu/kflnsf d'n'ss} ;a}eGbf csd{0o, e|i6 gu/kflnsf ;fljt x'Fbf xfdL klg of] c;kmntfsf eflubf/ ePsf5f}+ . ;a} bf]if c?dfly yf]k/]/ cfkm" kfgLdflysf] cf]efgf] x'g] rng cg';f/ gu/kflnsf oltlj3\g csd{0o x'g'df ;DalGwt ;a}n] c?dfly bf]if yf]kl/lbPsf 5g\ . t/ gu/sf] ljsf;sf] nflu, gu/ ;Eotfsf] cEof;sf nflu cfkm"n] cfkm}+ slt OdfGbf/ k|of; ul/of] eg]/ ;a}n] Psk6s cfkm}+nfO{ ;f]Wg' h?/L 5 . xfdLn] eGb} cfPsf 5f}+, 3/ cuf8L kmf]x/ kmfNg] / ;kmf ug{ gu/kflnsf kv{g], ;8s lsgf/fdf nfh} gdfgL lbzf lk;fa ug]{ xfd|f] k|a[lQ xfd|f] bl/b| dfgl;stfsf] kl/rfos xf] . gu/sf ljsf; of]hgfx?df efu vf]Hg], pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf ;Ifd / st{Jolgi7nfO{ /fVg] eGbf klg cfkm\gfnfO{ /fv]/ e|i6frf/ ug]{ k|j[lQ h:tfsf] t:t} 5 . sd{rf/Lsf] csd{0otf / nfk/jfxLn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] w]/} eO;s]sf] 5 . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ cfkm\gf] 7fpFnfO{, cfkm\gf] jf;:yfg / sfo{ynf]nfO{ kmf]x/, c;Eo, bl/b| agfpg tlNng 5f}+ . of] lttf] ;To ;a}n] :jLsfg}{ k5{ . ha;Dd xfdL cfkm\gf] 7fpFnfO{ ;Eo, :jR5, sd{lzn agfpgsf nflu cfkm}+af6 kxn ub}{gf}+ ta;Dd c?nfO{ bf]if lbP/ pDsg] 7fpF /xFbg} . c?nfO{ bf]if lbgnfO{ cfkm"n] klg t s]xL u/]sf] x'g'k¥of] . oxfFsf ;/sf/L / ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, :yfgLo lgsfo, k|zf;g ;a}df p:t} emf/f 6fg]{ k|j[lQ sfod 5 . o;sf nflu bjfa lbgsf nflu gu/af;L cfkm}+ hfu?s x'g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . slxn];Dd kmf]x/, e|i6 / c;Eo gu/sf af;L eg] / cfkm" n fO{ lrgfO{ /xg] < /]l8of] dw]z *(=# dnujf % M )) elQm uLt ^ M )) ;femf va/ ^ M #) elQm uLt & M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ & M !% gd:sf/ dw]z * M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ * M !% lxGbL uLt ( M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ( M !% ef]hk'l/of aafn !) M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !) M !% lxGbL uLt !! M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !! M !% g]kfnL uLt !@ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !@ M !% gfr ! M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ! M !% l/Sj]:6 cfj/ @ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ @ M !% ef]hk'/L uLt # M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ # M !) lxGbL l/ldS; uLt $ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ $ M !% x]nf] RjfO; % M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ % M !% 6]G;g k|mL ^ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ^ M !% d}lynL uLt & M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ & M !) ef]hk'/L uLt & M #) ;femf va/ * M )) lxGbL uLt * M $% lala;L g]kfnL ;]jf ( M @) ;femf ;jfn !) M )) gg\ :6k va/ !! M )) sfo{qmd ;dfKt
;fs{ ;Dd]ngsf nflu g]kfnn] k|of; ug'k{ g]{ sf7df8fF } , @! r} t . blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo ;xof]u ;ª\u7g -;fs{ _ sf dxf;lrj cxd] b ;lndn] ;fs{sf] c7f/f}F lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf nflu g]kfnsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ To; lglDt g]kfnn] k|of; ug'k{ g]d { f hf]8 lbg'ePsf] 5 . ef] l nb] l v oxfF x' g ] ul/aL lgjf/0f;DaGwL ;fs{sf] b'Ol{ bg] t];f| ] dGqL:t/Lo a}7saf/] hfgsf/L lbg ;fs{ ;lrjfnodf cfh cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pxfFn] ;f] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'ePsf] xf] . ;fs{sf] a8fkqcg';f/ x/]s jif{ ;fs{ lzv/ ;Dd]ng x'g'kg]{ k|fjwg /x] klg ljljw
ss{6 M a9L sdfO{ x'g]
l;+x M vr{ clws x'g] sGof M lj/f]wL k/f:t x'g] t'nf M :jf:Yodf ;d:of j[lZrs M ;do dWod vfnsf] 5 wg' M zq' k/flht x'g] ds/ MbfDkTo hLjgdf v6k6 s'De M wfld{s If]qdf nufgLx'g] ldg M k|lti7f a9\g] /flzkmnn] h] ;+st] u/] klg /fd|f] sfd u/] /fd|} kmn kfOG5 .
;fs{nfO{ ;'b[9 Pjd\ ultzLn agfpg cxd\ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] ljrf/ JoQm ug'e { of] . g] k fndf rfF 8 } ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg eO{ c7f/fF} lzv/ ;Dd]ng o;}jif{ oxfF x'g]df cfkm" cfzfjfbL /x]sf] klg pxfFn] pNn]v ug'e { of] . ;qf}F lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] !% dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg c7f/f}F ;Dd]ngsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff gx'Fbf dxf;lrjn] To;k| l t rf;f] b]vfpg'ePsf] xf] . dfnlbE;df ;DkGg ;qf}F lzv/ ;Dd]ngdf cfufdL ;Dd]ng g]kfnn] ug]{ 3f]if0ff ePsf] lyof] . ul/aL lgjf/0f;DaGwL dGqL:t/Lo a}7sdf dfnlbE;df kfFr jif{cl3
;DkGg a}7ssf] ;dLIff, ;fs{sf ljsf; nIosf] k|flKt, If]qLo ul/aL;DaGwL b:tfa]h, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo nufgL kl/of]hgf / ;g\ @)!% kl5sf] ;fs{ ljsf; nIo tof/L Pjd\ of]hgfaf/] ljrf/ljdz{ x' g ] hfgsf/L dxf;lrj ;lndn] lbg'eof] . ;fs{ s f lgb] { z s wgaxfb'/ cf]nLn] a}7sdf vfB ;'/Iff tyf kf]if0f, ;a} ;fs{ d'ns ' df x:tsnfu|fd :yfkgfsf nflu nufgL h'6fpg]nufotsf ljifodf klg 5nkmn x' g ] atfpg'eof] . a}7sdf ;fs{sf cf7 j6} ;b:o /fi6"sf dGqL Pjd\ k|ltlglw u/L #! hgf ;xefuL x'g5 ] g\ .
Pl;;L l6–6\jfG6L lqms]6 ;DkGg, g]kfn pkljh]tfdf ;Lldt sf7df8f}F, @! r}t . Pl;ofnL lqms]6 kl/ifb\sf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] Pl;;L l6–6\jfG6L lqms]6 k|ltof]lutcGtu{t a'wjf/ ePsf] kmfOgn v]ndf g]kfn & ljs]6n] ckmuflg:tfg;Fu k/flht ePsf] 5. v]ndf g]kfnn] lbPsf] !#^ /gsf] nIo ckmuflg:tfgn] !& bzdnj % cf]e/df # ljs]6 u'dfpFb} k"/f ubf{ g]kfn bf];|f] :yfgdf lrQ a'emfpg afWo ePsf] xf] .ckmuflg:tfgsf] lhtdf u'Naflbg gOan] $#, dxDdb gfaLn] #* / ;flbsn] #@ /g hf]8s ] f lyP .
o;cl3 6; xf/] / Aofl6ª u/]sf] g]kfnsf sKtfg kf/; v8\ s fn] %), ljgf] b e08f/Ln] #@ / z/b\ e]ifjfs/n] g6cfp6 @) /gsf] of]ubfg u/]sf lyP . cGo v]nf8Lx¿ ;'jf; vs'/n ] / 1fg]Gb| dNnn] ;dfg !) /g agfP .g]kfnsf kf/; v8\sf / zlQmk|;fb uf}rgn] Ps÷Ps ljs]6 lnP . sKtfg kf/; v8\sf / ljgf] b e08f/Ln] &! /gsf] ;f´]bf/L ub}{ g]kfnL OlgªnfO{ s]xLdfly psf;] klg cGo v]nf8Ln] ;Demg nfos v]n k|bz{g ug{ ;s]gg\ .
k| T o] s b' O { jif{ d f ;~rfng x' g ] k| l tof] l utfdf clxn];Dd ckmuflg:tfgn] dfq} pkflw lhTb} cfPsf] 5 . ;g\ @))&, @))( / @)!! df u/L ckmuflg:tfgn] nuftf/ tLg k6s pkflw prfn]sf] lyof] . Pl;ofnL lqms]6 kl/ifb\n] ;g\ @))& b]lv 6]:6 Dofr gv]ns ] f /fi6«x¿sf nflu Pl;;L 6\jfG6L 6\jfG6L lqms]6 sk ;'? u/]sf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf ;jf{lws !! ljs]6 lnPsf xªsªsf v]nf8L tgjL/ pTs[i6 an/ ag] eg] k|ltof]lutfdf zts k|xf/ ug]{ Ps
dfq xªsªs} v]nf8L as; a]6; \ pTs[i6 Aof6\;Dofg 7xl/P . o;cl3 cfh} ePsf] csf}{ v]ndf o'PO{ ljhoL eof] . lht;Fu} o'PO{ t];f| ] ePsf] 5 . sLlt{k/' sf] d}bfgdf ePsf] v]ndf o' P O{ n ] xªsªnfO{ #@ /gn] x/fof] . Ps ;o ^& /gsf] nIo kR5\ofPsf] xªsª !#$ /gdf ;d]l6of] . k|ltof]lutfsf] ;d"x P df g]kfnnufot dn]l;of, xªsª, dflNbE; / l;+ufk'/ lyP eg] ;d"x aL df o'PO{, cf]dg, s'jt] , ax/fOg / cfkmuflg:tfg u/L !) /fi6«sf] ;fd]n lyP .
;+/If0fsf] kvf{Odf lhNnfs} k'/fgf] u'Daf nxfg, @! r}t . k|frLg tyf P]ltxfl;s :ynsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Da4{g ug]{ gf/f lbOPtf klg t/fO{s} ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] u'Daf dflgPsf] l;/xf lhNnfs} klxnf] u'Daf eg] ;+/If0fsf] cefjdf hL0f{ aGb} uPsf] 5 . l;/xfsf] rGb|f]bok'/ uflj;– ^ wd{k'/ ufpFdf /x]sf] >L 6fF;L Wo5]lnª\u u'Daf ;+/If0fsf] cefjdf hL0f{ aGb} uPsf] xf] . sl/a tLg sÝf If]qkmndf :yfgLo nfdf u'? kf]ªb\ L nfdfsf] kxndf :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] ;xof]udf lj;+ @))! df lgdf{0f ul/Psf] Ps tNn] u' ' D afsf] clxn] leQf rls{Psf] 5 eg] jiff{tdf 5fgf r'lxFbf u'Dafleqsf sl/a Ps bh{gsf] ;ª\Vofdf /x]sf d"lt{dWo] k|d'v d"lt{ kmfkf Rofª\/];Lsf] dflyNnf] 6fpsf] v;]sf] 5 . kbdf ;Dejsf] d"lt{ 9Ng] cj:yfdf k'us ] f] 5 eg] e[s6' Lsf] d"lt{sf]
k+= z+s/frfo{
d]if M ofqfaf6 ;+k+t=l' i6z+s/frfo{ j[if M Ifdtfaf] a[l4 x'g] ldy'g M lj5f]8sf] lk8f x'g]
sf/0fn] ;g\ @)!@ df x'g g;s]sf] atfpFb} pxfFn] lzv/ ;Dd]ngcl3 ;fs{ :yfoL ;ldlt / dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7s ug'k{ g]{ atfpg'eof] . ;fs{sf] cWoIf d'n's dfnlbE;n] :yfoL ;ldlt / dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7ssf nflu ldlt lgwf{/0f u/]/ ;b:o d'ns ' ;dIf k6sk6s k|:tfj u/]sf] t/ ;b:o /fi6« x ¿n] k| : tfljt ldlt cfkm" x ¿nfO{ cg' s " n g/x] s f] hfgsf/L lbPsfn] b'j} a}7s x'g g;s]sf] dxf;lrj ;lndn] :ki6 ug'e{ of] . g]kfn / dfnlbE; r'gfjL tof/Ldf /x]sfn] cfd lgjf{rg cufl8 lzv/ ;Dd]ng x'g;Sg] l:ylt g/x]sf] atfpFb} pxfFn] ;fs{sf] ;+:yfks d'ns ' g]kfnn]
d's6' kfgLn] vl;;s]sf] 5 . cGo ;-;fgf d"lt{dWo] clwsf+zsf] xftv'§f 5}g . u'Daf cufl8sf] b'Oj{ 6f Dxf0f] klg rs]/{ hL0f{ ag]sf] 5 . u'Dafdf /x]sf d"lt{x¿ df6f] / cGo ax'd"No wft'sf] ;ld>0faf6 agfOPsf] :yfgLo clgtf nfdfn] atfpg'eof] . nfdfn] eGg'eof] …;+/If0fsf] cefjdf d"lt{x¿ x]bf{xb] {} 9Ng] ef] .Ú u'Dafsf] x]/rfx ug{
g;Sbf sl/a #) jif{ klxn] g} ax' d " N o wft' x ¿af6 lgld{ t k|frLgsnfsf !% j6f d"lt{ x/fPsf] u'Daf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'saxfb'/ nfdfn] ;'gfpg'eof] . cWoIf nfdfsf cg';f/ clxn];Dd l;/xf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6 b'Ok{ N6 u/L k|fKt ePsf] ? ^) xhf/n] 5fgf dd{t tyf cf+ l zs k' g M lgdf{ 0 fsf sfd ul/Psf] 5 . lj;+ @)$% sf] e"sDkdf klg
u' D af elTsPkl5 :yfgLo ;'saxfb'/ nfdf, xl/eQm nfdf, s[i0f s'df/ nfdfsf] cu'jfOdf ufpFd} cfly{s ;xof]u ;ª\sng u/L dd{t u/]sf] cWoIf nfdfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . u'Daf k'gM lgdf{0fsf] lglDt :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno / u'Daf Joj:yfkg s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf cfly{s ;xof]usf] lglDt lgj]bg lbPsf] ;ldltn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5.
lrtjgsf] s'v/' fdf a8{ˆn', afO; ;o lrtjg, @! r}t . lrtjgsf] Ps s'v/' f kmd{df a8{ˆn' e]l6Psf] 5 . e/tk'/- * uf}/LuGhl:yt k|tfk yfkfsf] ldng kf]N6"L kmd{sf] s' v ' / fdf a8{ ˆ n' km] n f k/] s f] kz'/f]u cGj]if0f s]Gb| lrtjgn] hgfPsf] 5 . ef8fdf hUuf lnP/ yfkfn] kfn]sf] n]o;{ s'v'/fdf
a8{ˆn' e]l6Psf] kz' lrlsT;s af] w gfy clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . b; lbgb]lv ;f] kmd{sf] s' v ' / f esfes dg{ yfn] k l5 hfFrsf nflu gd'gf s]Gb| k7fOPsf] lyof] . k/LIf0fsf qmddf a8{ˆn' km]nf k/]kl5 uP/flt oxfFsf b'O{ xhf/ @)) s'v'/f gi6 ul/Psf]
5. k|fljlws 6f]nLn] dg{ afFsL /x]sf] b'O{ xhf/ @)) s'v/' f, !!) qm]6 c08f / Ps af]/f bfgf gi6 u/]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no lrtjgn] hgfPsf] 5 . rf/ xhf/ s'v/' f /x]sf] kmfd{df Ps xhf/ *)) s'v/' f eg] /f]us} sf/0f d/]sf] 5.
dxTjk"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x? wg'iff
;nf{xL ;nf{xL c:ktfn laB't k|flws/0f bdsn PDj'n]G;-/]8qm;_ b'/ ;+rf/ dd{t lh= k|zf;g sf lh= vfg]kfgL lh=k=| sf dn+ujf O k|x/L sf= xl/jg O k|x/L sf= xl/k'/ O k|x/L sf= a/xyjf O k|x/L sf= O{Zj/k'/ lh 6«f sf gjnk'/
%@)!## %@!%^) %@)))) %@)!(% !(* %@)!&& %@)!$* %@))(( %#)%!! ^@)#))
%$)#$! ^()@!& %&)#!% ;z:q k| an %@!!#% ;nf{xL SofDk; %@)#&# b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@))!@ hfgsL nh %@!@()
cr+n c:ktfn wg'iff c:ktfn lh=k=| sf= hgkf bdsn ;z:q k| an PDa'n]G;–/]8qm; ;'/Iff u'Nd a}/s ] Po/kf]6{ hgsk'/ /]Nj] cf+vf c:ktfn ljB't km\oh F zfvf a'4 Po/ otL Po/nfOG; uf]/vf Po/ /]l8of] dw]z
dxf]Q/L %@))## %@%*)) %@))(( %@))!! %@&@!# !)@ %@^%*^ %@))$$ %@)@!! %@)#(& %@)!%! %@^@($ %@))$* %@^@($ %@*@)&
/f}tx6
lh k|x/L sf= k|x/L sfG6f]n lhNnf c:ktfn af?0f ofGq PDa'n]G;
%@)!(( %@)))( %@))&) %@))(& %@)!)) ljB't kmo'h zfvf %@))^^ %@)!^^ e+;f/ sfo{no %@!!$@ u0f]z o'jf sld6 %@^#^) le7fdf]8 k| rf}sL %@)@)( Ok|sf alb{af; %%%))^ Ok|sf uf}znf %@($)#
lh k|x/L sf=
l5Gd:tfu0f alb{af;%@(^!( b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@)^&&
b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@!$!%
lh=6flkms rk'/ c:ktfn bdsn laB't /]8qm; e+;f/ sfo{no O k| sf rk'/ Ok|sf= u8'/f Ok|sf= u+uflkk/f g]kfn 6]lnsd
%@)!&& %@)!(( %$)!(( %@)#@* %@)#@$ %@)@&^ %@)!$! %@)@!) %@()!# %^%!(( ^()!)) %@)@@@
uf}/ gu/kflnsf %@)@($
dw]z kf]i6 @)^( r}t @@ ut], lalxaf/
#
j}bl] zs /f]huf/Ln] d';x/ gful/stf ljt/0f ug{ ? gf} s/f]8 lgsf;f hfltsf] hLjg z}nLdf kl/jt{g hgk'/wfd, @! r}t . lu/xt dflns_sf] v]tdf xnf] rnfpg] xftn] ufpF d f 8n/ v] n fpg yfn]kl5 bª\u 5g\– klZrd l;/xf ltnf;L ufpFsf d';x/x¿ . kfFr jif{ cufl8 lu/xtsf] v]tdf b} l gs Hofnfbf/L u/L hLljsf]kfh{g ub}{ cfPsf tL d';x/ ;d'bfosf hubLz ;bf clxn] cfkm} 8n/ v]nfpg yfNbf pgsf] hLjgdf cfly{s kl/jt{g cfPsf] xf] . lu/xtsf] v]tdf xnf] hf]Tg], wfg /f]Kg] u/]sf ;bf j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPkl5 ca cfkm} ;f9] kfFr sf hUufsf] dflns jg]sf 5g\ . k"jL{ wg'iffsf] ;LdfjtL{ a]nxf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+ * ltnf;L d';x/ j:tLsf sl/a @% o'jf j}bl] zs /f]huf/Ldf vf8L d'ns ' uPkl5 clxn] ;f] ufpFdf dfl;s ;b/b ? @) nfv lelqg] u/]sf] 5 . æsl/a #% 3/kl/jf/ /x]sf d';x/ hfltsf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 cfly{s kl/jt{gsf ;fy} k|To]s d';x/sf] 3/df dxFuf
6]lnlehg ;]6, l8; PG6]gf, dxFuf df]afOn /x]sf 5g\ .Æ –:yfgLo s'ds'd ;bfn] atfpg'eof] . j} b ] l zs /f] h uf/Ldf uPkl5 hubLz dfq geP/ ToxLFsL l;tjf ;bfn] klg ufpFd} tLg sf hUuf hf]8g\ ;kmn ePsf l5g\ . æk|ltsf Ps nfv b]lv 8]9 nfv ?k}ofF kg]{ hUuf lsg]/ d';x/x¿ cfkm} dflns ePkl5 clxn] s[lif sfd ug]{ dhb'/x¿ kfOg 5f8]sf] 5 .Æ -:yfgLo a[4 ;Togf/fo0f 7fs'/ eG5g\– ækfFr jif{ cl3 csf{sf] v]tdf sfd u/L hLljsf] k fh{ g ug] { d' ; x/x¿ PsfPs 8n/ v]nfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .Æ blnt tyf cNk;ª\Vos d';x/ a:tLsf o'jfx¿ ljb]z uPkl5 pgLx¿ cfkm} c¿nfO{ Jofhdf /sd nufpg yfn]sf 5g\ – :yfgLo ab|L ;bfn] eGg'eof] . kfFr jif{ otf j}bl] zs /f]huf/Ldf vf8L d'ns ' / dn]l;of hfg] d';x/ o'jfx¿sf] ;ª\Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5. æd' ; x/ o' j fx¿ j} b ] l zs /f]huf/Ldf hfgyfn] kl5 s[lif If]q
klg k|efljt ePsfn] cfkm"n] ub}{ cfPsf] v]t 7]Ssfdf nufPsf] 5'Æ – :yfgLo lbg]z/fh nfn s0f{ eGg'xG' 5– æbIf hgzlQmsf] cefj, s[lif If]q;d]t k|efljt ePsf] 5 .Æ æyf] / } Hofnf ePsf] v] t df sfd u/] / kl/jf/sf] hLljsf rnfpg g;s]/} d';x/ o'jfx¿ ljb]lzg] qmd a9]sf] 5Æ – g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3 l;/xfsf ;efklt b]js'df/ ofbjn] eGg'eof]æd';x/ o'jfsf] j}bl] zs /f]huf/df cfsif{ 0 f a9\ g ' d f s[ l ifsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f gx'g' / ul/aL g} xf] . lu/xtn] eg]sf] h'g;'s} a]nf sfdsf nflu tof/ x'gk' g]{ afWotfs} sf/0f klg d';x/ o'jfx¿ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ltkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] :yfgLo gful/s ;dfhsf] egfO{ 5 .Æ kl5Nnf] ;dodf d';x/ o'jfx¿ j}bl] zs /f]huf/Laf6 3/df k} ; f k7fpg yfn] k l5 d' ; x/ dlxnfx¿sf] hLjg z}nLdf klg kl/jt{g cfpg yfn]sf] 5 .
;"rgf clwsf/Lx?sf] /fli6«o uf]i7L cfhb]lv ;'? sf7df8f}F, @! r}t . ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL tLg lbg] /fli6«o uf]i7L cfhb]lv ;'? eof] . lkm|8d kmf]/d / ;"rgf clwsf/L ;dfh g]kfnsf] ;+oQ ' m cfof] h gfdf sf7df8f} F s f] nK;]km]bLl:yt g];gn Eo" l/;f]6d{ f ePsf] pQm uf]i7Ldf k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ s f] sfof{ n o, ljleGg dGqfno, g]kfn k|x/L, /fli6« o ;ts{ t f s] G b| n ufot lgsfosf sl/a @# hgf ;"rgf clws/Lsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ /fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]usf sfo{jfxs cfo' Q m >L cfrfo{ n ] ;+ : s[ l t
k|j4{gdf ;"rgf clwsf/Lsf] ljz]if e"ldsf /xg] atfpFb} o;nfO{ ;'zf;g / k|efjsf/L ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxsf] c:qsf] ?kdf u|x0f ug'k{ g]{ atfpg'eof] . lkm|8d kmf]/dsf cWoIf tf/fgfy bfxfnn] ;fwf/0f g]kfnL gful/sn] klg k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] ;+ l jwfgk| b Q of] clwsf/sf] k|j4{gdf ;"rgf clwsf/Lx? cem a9L nfUg ;s"g\ eGg] p2]Zon] of] sfo{ q md cfof] h gf ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . uf] i 7Ldf ;xefuL clwsf+z ;"rgf clwsf/Lx?n] cfkm"eGbf dflyNnf] lgsfosf]
bafasf sf/0f cfkm"x?n] rfx]/ klg ;dod} / k"0f{?kdf ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ug{ g;]ss ] f] atfPsf lyP . oxL r}t @# ut];Dd rNg] pQm uf]i7Ldf k|zf;sLo cbfntsf cWoIf sfzL/fh bfxfn, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k"j{ /lh:6«f/ /fds[i0f ltdlN;gf, /fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]usf k"j{ k|dv ' cfo'Qm ljgo s;h', g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3sf k"j{ cWoIf wd]{Gb| emfnufotn] ljleGg ljifodf sfo{kq k|:t't ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] cWoIf bfxfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] 5 .
df};d kl/jt{g;“u} c:ktfndf la/fdLsf] rfk a9\bf] jL/uGh -k;f{_, @! r}t . df}d; kl/j{tg;Fu} jL/uGhsf] gf/fo0fL c:ktfn;lxt u|fdL0f e]udf /x]sf :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf la/fdLsf] rfk a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . hf8f] df};d ;lsP/ udL{ df};dsf] ;'?jft ePsf sf/0f c:ktfndf la/fdLsf] rfk a9]sf]
xf] . r}t dlxgf ;'? ePb]lv g} c:ktfndf la/fdLsf] ;ª\Vof a9]sf] gf/fo0fL pkIf]qLo c:ktfn jL/uGhsf d]l8sn k|d'v 8f clvn] z l;+ x n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ljz]ifu/L emf8fkvfnf, ?3fvf] s Lnufotsf la/fdLsf] ;ª\Vof a9]sf] klg pxfFn] hfgsf/L
lbg'eof] . udL{ ;dodf vfglkgdf Wofg lbg;d]t lrlsT;sn] cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . b}lgs @) b]lv #) hgf;Dd la/fdL c:ktfndf pkrf/sf nflu cfpg] u/]sf] gf/fo0fL pkIf]qLo c:ktfn jL/uGhsf] cfsl:ds sIfn] hgfPsf] 5 .
lu|g n}08 c+= cf= p= df= ljBfno dn+ufj lzIfssf] cfjZostf o; lu|g n}08 p= df= ljBfnodf k|= lj= tyf lgDg dfWolds tx tkm{ tkl;ndf pNN]vlvt ljifox? cWofkgsf] nflu lzIfs cfjZostf ePsf]n] OR5's JolQMx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] jfof]8f6f tyf z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq ;lxt lgj]bg k]z ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] xf] . !_ k|f= lj= tx s_ ljifo –c+uh | L ;+Vof % v+_ ljifo – sDKo"6/ lzIff ;+Vof @ u_ of]Uotf – ;DalGwt d"n ljifo lnO{ k|df0fkq tx plQ0f{ . @_ lg= df= lj= tx s_ ljifo – c+uh | L ;+Vof $ v+_ ljifo – g]kfnL ;+Vof ! u_ of]Uotf – ;DalGwt d"n ljifo lnO{ :gfts tx plQ0f{ jf Running . #_ 5fqfjf; jf8]{g – ;+Vof !, of]Uotf :gfts tx plQ0f{ jf Running . $_ lgj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt – @)^(.!@.@( ut] leq . %_ k/LIff lsl;d – sIff cjnf]sg tyf cGtjf{tf . ^_ k/LIff ldlt – @)^(.!@.#) !)M)) jh] . lk|lG;kn ;Dks{ g+= )$^-%@)@(%, (*$$)##@&$
sf7df8f}F, @! r}t . zflGt sf]if k|fljlws ;ldltsf] #! cf}F a}7sn] u[ x dGqfnon] k] ; u/] s f] …gful/stf k|df0fkq ljt/0fsf nflu 3'DtL;]jf sfo{qmdÚ ;DaGwL cfof]hgf k|:tfj sfof{Gjogsf nflu ? gf} s/f]8 #% nfv !% xhf/ pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5. zflGt tyf k'gMlgdf{0f dGqfnosf ;lrj w/0fLw/ vltj8fsf] cWoIftfdf ;f]daf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] ;f] lg0f{o u/]sf]
xf] . glhlsFb} u/]sf] lgjf{rgnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL dtbftf gfdfjnLdf sf] x L g5' 6 " g \ eGg] x] t ' n ] ;f] cfof]hgfcGtu{t #)% 6f]nL u7g u/L g]kfnsf &% j6} lhNnfdf 3' D tL ;] j fdfkm{ t gful/stf ljt/0f ul/g] zflGt sf] i f ;lrjfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{ d f dtbftf kl/ro kq ljt/0f sfo{nfO{ ;d]t ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L u[x dGqfnon] lgjf{rg cfof]u;Fu k|ToIf ?kdf ;dGjo sfod ug]{5 .
zflGt sf]ifn] xfn;DDf ljleGg %^ cfof]hgfsf nflu ? !$ ca{eGbf a9L /sd nufgL ul/;s]sf] 5 . sf]ifdf ljleGg cf7 bftf;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL /lxcfPsf] 5 . sf] i fnfO{ cfly{ s / k|fljlws ;xof]u ug]{ bftfdf 8] g dfs{ , o' / f] k ] n L ;ª\ 3 , lkmgNofG8, hd{ g L, gj] { , l:j6\h/NofG8, ;+o'Qm clw/fHo / ;+ o ' Q m /fHo cd] l /sf 5g\ .
;'vLk'/df cfufnfuL, P3f/ 3/ hn/ gi6 nxfg, @! r}t . l;/xfsf] ;'vLk'/! df cfh lbpF : ff] ePsf] cfunfuLdf !! 3/ hn]/ gi6 ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo lzjgf/fo0f rf} w /Lsf] v] t df kmflnPsf] efG;fsf] v/fgLaf6 lgl:sPsf] cfuf]n] pgsf] kfFr 3/ / 3/df /x] s f !) xhf/ gub;lxt u/uxgf nQfsk8f / vfBfGg
hn]/ gi6 ePsf] 5 . To:t} , cfunfuLdf /fhs'df/ rf}w/Lsf] gub b'O{ nfv;lxt 3/df ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfg / tLg 3/ tyf clgn rf} w /Lsf] Ps / xl/gf/fo0f rf}w/Lsf] b'O{ 3/ hn]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;/xfsf k|jQmf k|x/L lg/LIfs /fhs'df/ zfxLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
k|j| Qmf zfxLsf cg';f/ lbpF;f] ;f9] rf/ ah] ;'? ePsf] cfunfuL g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k| x /L / :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] k|of;df ;fFem lgefOPsf] 5 . cfuf] lgefpg sl/a @) lsnf]dL6/sf] b"/Ldf /x]sf] nxfg gu/kflnsfsf] af?0foGq gk'u]sf] u'gf;f] :yfgLojf;Ln] u/]sf 5g\ .
cfunfuLaf6 Ps s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] Iflt tfg;]g, @! r}t . tfg;]g–$ l;Nvfg6f]nl:yt dl§t]n l8n/ /x]sf] 3/df cfh cfunfuL x'Fbf sl/a ? Ps s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . l;Nvfg6f]nsf x]dGt zfSosf] 3/df dWo/ft PSsf;L ePsf] cfunfuLdf sl/a Ps s/f]8 d"Noa/fa/sf] ;Dklt gi6 ePsf] xf] . zfSon] dl§t]n l8n/ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf lyP . ;Fus } f] k|j]z dxh{gsf] sk8f l;nfpg]
k;ndf ;d] t cfuf} km} n ] s f] lyof] . pgLx¿ b'j} k;nsf ;dfg k'/} hn]/ gi6 ePsf] :yfgLo chodfg sdf{ r fo{ n ] atfpg'eof] . zfSosf] dl§t] n l8n/sf] sl/a #) nfv, dxh{gsf] sk8f;lxtsf] l;nfO k;nsf] !$ nfv, lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;ª\ 3 / 3/;lxt Ps s/f] 8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] ;DklQ hn]/ gi6 ePsf] k|x/Lsf] cg'dfg 5 . ;f] 3/df sf]xL klg /ftdf ga:g]
ePsfn] dfgjLo Iflt x'g kfPg . cfunfuL s;/L nfu] s f] eGg]af/]df olsg ljj/0f aflx/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . cfunfuL s;sf] k;naf6 nfu]sf] xf] eGg] af/] klg b'O{ Joj;foLsf] dt aflemPsf] 5 .cfunfuL ljB't\ ;6{ eP/ g} nfu]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no kfNkfn] hgfPsf] 5 . dWo/ftdf lhNnfl:yt k|x/L, ;} l gs, :yfgLoafl;Gbfsf] ;lqmotfdf cfuf] lgoGq0fdf lnOPsf] lyof] .
/fli6«o kl08t dxf;Dd]ng z'sa| f/ sf7df8fF,+} @! r}t . wfld{s lg0f{odf Ps?ktf, wfld{ s cg' i 7fgdf lbzflgb]z { , wd{;:+ s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / ;+a4{g ug]{ nIocg'?k k|yd /fli6« o kl08t dxf;Dd] n g z's|af/b]lv x'g] ePsf] 5 . /fli6«o wd{;ef g]kfn / g]kfn k~rfª\u lg0ff{os ;ldltsf] ;+oQ ' m cfof]hgfdf oxL r}t @# / @$ ut] oxfF dxf;Dd]ng x'g] cfh
cfof] l ht kqsf/ ;Dd] n gdf wd{;ef / ;ldltsf cWoIf k|f 8f dfwj e§/fO{ n ] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;Dd]ngdf k"hfljlwdf z'4tf / :ki6tf, wd{;:+ s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g tyf wfld{s / hftLo ;b\efjsf] clej[l4nufot ljifodf 5nkmn u/L lgb]l{ zsf k|sfzg ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . d'ns ' e/af6 sl/a rf/
;o kl08t, k'/f]lxt, cr{s / Hof]ltifLsf] ;xeflutf /xg] ;f] ;Dd]ngdf czf}rsf ljifodf zf:qLo lgb] { z g, ;+ : sf/sf] pkof]lutf / cfjZostf, wfld{s s[Todf zf:qLo lgb]z { g, ;gftg wd{ d f gf/Lsf] pRrtf tyf lkt[sd{sf] wfld{s, Jofjxfl/s / j}1flgs dxTjsf ljifodf sfo{kq k|:t't ul/g] 5 .
dtbftf gfdfjln ;DaGwdf dlxnf hfu/0f cleofg dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{ x L, @! r} q . ;nf{ x Ldf dlxnfx?sf] dtbfg clwsf/ tyf kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] dtbftf gfdfjlndf gfd bftf{ ;DaGwL hfgsL dlxnf hfu/0f cleofg sfo{sd| cGt/ut Hjf; / /fli6«o /f]huf/ k|4g{ s]Gb| dn+ujfsf] ;+o'St ;fem]bf/Ldf
klqsf dfu]/ xf]Og lsg]/ k9f}F
;+rflnt ePsf] lyof] . pSt sfo{sd| cGt/ut lhNnfsf !) j6f uf=lj=;=x?df x]Nk 8]S;sf] dfWodaf6 kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] dtbftf gdfjlndf gfd bftf{ ug{] k|ls|of, To;sf] dxTj,
gfd btf{ u/fO{ ;s]sfx?nfO{ ?h' ug{ ,bfjL lj/f]w ,q'6Lx? ;Rofpg tyf /fli6«o kl/ro kqsf] jf/]df ;'rgf ;Dk|; ] g ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf lzahL k| ; fb ;fxn] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] 5 .
k';dodf /fgf] gful/stfsf] === k'/fgf] tYofËs v8f ug]{ sfd hgtfnfO{ cfly{s tyf dfgl;s b'Mv lbg] sfo{ ePsf] cWoIf ;fxn] lhls/ ug'e { of] . ;fy} lhNnf k|zf;gsf] o:tf] sfo{ k|lt ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?n] Ps ?kdf cjfh p7fpg' kg]{ cWoIf ;fxn] atfpg'eof] .
dn+ujf ljt/0f s]Gb| sf] ljB't nf]8 ;]l8Ësf] sfo{tflnsf af/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ du+naf/ a'wjf/ ljlxjf/ z'qmjf/ zlgjf/
laxfg÷lbp;f] )(M)) b]lv )#M)) ah];Dd )*M)) b]lv )@M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv )!M)) ah];Dd )%M)) b]lv !)M)) ah];Dd )$M)) b]lv )(M)) ah];Dd )#M)) b]lv )*M)) ah];Dd )(M)) b]lv )#M)) ah];Dd
a]ns ' f÷/ftL !)M)) b]lv )@M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv !)M)) ah];Dd )^M)) b]lv )(M)) ah];Dd )&M)) b]lv !@M)) ah];Dd )@M)) b]lv )&M)) ah];Dd )!M)) b]lv )^M)) ah];Dd )&M)) b]lv !!M)) ah];Dd
dw]z kf]i6
lh=k|= sf= ;nf{xL btf{ gDa/ $@÷)^^÷)^&
@)^( r}t @@ ut], lalxaf/
d[lQsf / x:tsnfsf] dfu
k'gd kf08]nfO{ gfËLgsf nflu s]xL g s]xL afxfgf rflxG5 . utaif{ h:t} of] aif{ klg k'gd cfOkLPnsf nflu gfªl\ug] ePsL l5g . pgn] of] aif{ klg cfkm\gf] dgkg{] l6d …sf]nsQf gfO6 /fO8;{' n] lht]sf] v08df gfË} x'g] atfPsL l5g . pgn] eg]sL l5g, …of] aif{ aklg d d]/f km\ o fgx?nfO{ b' v Lt agfpg rfxGg, o;}n] sfnsQf gfO6 /fO8;{n] lht]sf] v08df d gfªl\ug tof/ 5' .Ú sf]nsQf gfO6 /fO8;{ alnp8 gfos ;fx?v vfgsf] l6d xf] . cfOkLPnsf] pb3f6g d+unaf/ ePsf] lyof] .
lgjf{rgsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff u/ sf7df8f},F @! r}t . Pdfcf]jfbLsf dxf;lrj kf]i6axfb'/ af]u6Ln] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg ;/sf/;Fu dfu ug'e { Psf] 5. l/kf]6; { { Snadf cfh ePsf] ;fIffTsf/df c;f/sf] klxnf] ;ftf lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ u/L rf/
bnaLr ;xdlt ePsf] hfgsf/L lbFb} dxf;lrj af]u6Ln] clxn] of] / pm axfgfdf lgjf{rgsf] ldlt gtf]lsFbf lgjf{rg gug]{ of]hgf xf] sL eGg] cfzª\sf hlGdPsf] 5 eGg'eof] .pxfFn] yKg'eof], æ;/sf/n] l56f]eGbf l56f] lgjf{rgsf] ltly tf]Sg'k5{ / c;Gt'i6 kIf;Fu jftf{
ug' { k 5{ .Ædxf;lrj af] u 6Ln] lgjf{rg gx'g] kl/l:ylt cfof] eg] kf6L{n] sfo{qmd cl3 ;fg]{ / hgtfdf hfg] atfpg'eof] . g]skf -Pdfn]_sf g]tf eLd /fjnn] cfufdL sflQsdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'e { of] .
lzIfs cfjZostf 1fgf]bo cfjf;Lo p=df=lj= dn+ujf–( ;nf{xLnfO{ cufdL z}lIfs ;q @)&) df lgDg l/Qm kbdf oyfl;3| kbk"lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] x'“bf OR5's pDd]bjf/n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'x { g ' hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . kb M– z}lIfs of]Uotf M– cg'ej M– bIftf M– tna M– tx M– df=lj= z}lIfs of]Uotf M–
lk|lG;kn M.A/M.Ed/M.Sc jf ;f] ;/x slDtdf % jif{ ljBfno k|zf;g rnfPsf] c+uh ]| L efiff af]Ng ;Ifd dfl;s @),))) .– ljifo M– ul0ft tyf lj1fg B.A/B.Ed/B.Sc jf ;f] ;/x ÷dflyNnf] z}lIfs of]Uotf / cg'ejsf] k|fyldstf tna M cfk;L ;dembf/Laf6 b/vf:t ldlt M @)^( r]q @% ut];Dd, ;Dks{ ldlt )^( r}q @^ ut] ;Dks{ kmf]g g+= M (*$$)#@$($÷(*%$)#^!)#
l;t}df
sf7df8f} F , @! r} t . g] k fn nlntsnf k|1f-k|lti7fg, d"lt{snf / x:tsnf ljefun] cfof]hgf u/]sf] cfjf;Lo d[lQsf d"lt{snf tyf x:tsnf sfo{zfnf cfh ;dfkg ePsf] 5 . k|lti7fgsf] k|fª\u0fdf oxL r}t % ut]b]lv cfh;Dd ;~rflnt sf7df8f} F pkTosfnufot ljleGg !& lhNnfsf ## hgf snfsf/sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;f] sfo{zfnfdf kfFr ;|ft] JolQm tyf a]nfot / hfkfgaf6 Ps÷Ps cltly snfsf/ ;xefuL lyP . sfo{ z fnfdf /ftf] tyf ;] t f] df6fnfO{ kf]n/] ljleGg cfsf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf ljleGg j:t' tyf l;h{gfnfO{ k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] . df6f]sf ljleGg j:t' pTkfbg u/L To;nfO{ kf]n]/ kfln; nufpg] k4lt g} d[lQsfsnf xf] h;n] j:t' n fO{ l6sfp / ;' G b/ agfpF 5 . sf:sL kf] v /fsf eLdaxfb' / /fodfemLn] h/f s'lxPsf] ?vsf] 7'6f] / To;sf] 5]pdf a"9L e}+;L /x]sf] snfn] d' n ' s sf] jt{ d fg cj:yfnfO{ emNsfpF 5 . snfsf/ ;/f] h f v8\uLn] zflGt b]vfpg] a'4 / k/]jfnfO{ cleJoQm u/]/ bz{ssf] dg lv+rs ] L lyOg\ . ;f] lrqn] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfh lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu g]tT[ j ju{nfO{ dfq geP/ ;dfhsf ljleGg If] q sf gful/snfO{ clek|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . sfo{sd | df ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8ogdGqL /fds'df/ >] i 7n] ;xefuL snfsf/nfO{ k|;+zfkq k|bfg ub}{ snfnfO{ Jofj;flos agfP/ cl3 a9\g ;'emfj lbg'eof] . k|lti7fgsf s' n klt ls/0f dfgGw/ / pks'nklt 7fs'/k|;fb d}gfnLn] o:tf sfo{ z fnfnfO{ d' n ' s sf u|fdL0f If]qdf nu]/ gofF k|ltefsf] vf] h L ug] { tof/L eO/x] s f] atfpg'eof] . d"lt{snf ljefusf k| d ' v cf] d vqL / x:tsnf ljefusf k|dv ' s0f{k; | fb df:s]n] d'ns ' df d[lQsfsnfsf] 7"nf] dfu /x] klg cfjZostfcg' ; f/ pTkfbg x'g g;s]sf] x'bF f o;nfO{ ljsf; ug{ ;s] d f cfoft Go"gLs/0f eO{ /fli6«o cfodf j[l4 x'g] atfpg'eof] .
Ps hgf sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf ePsf]n] OR5's JolQmn] ;dod} ;Dks{ ug'x { f]nf .
4O{G8f] kmfd{ 6\ofS6/sf] vl/bf/Ldf kfpFg'xf];\ xf]08fsf] ;fO{g df]6/;fO{sn l;t}df . 4gub tyf kmfO{g]G;sf] ;'ljwf ul/Psf] 5 . 4oxfF #) xif{ kfj/ b]lv () xif{ kfj/ ;Ddsf] 6\ofS6/ kfO{G5 .
/f]lxt c6f] ;]G6/ eG;f/ /f]8 dn+ujf ;nf{xL kmf]g )$^–%@!&!!, (*%$)#%&!!
$
5f]6s/L ;dfrf/
u0ftGq sfod ug{ dfu $
sf7df8f},F @! r}t . g]kfn hgtf kf6L{n] ax';ª\Vos g]kfnL hgtf lxGb" wd{;:+ s[ltdf cf:yf /fVg] ePsfn] g]kfnnfO{ lxGb" u0ftGqsf ?kdf :yflkt ug{ dfu u/]sf] 5. ;f] bnn] cfh lj1lKt k| s fzg u/L ;Dk" 0 f{ b] z eQm g] k fnLn] ;dfhdf wfld{ s ;lxi0f'tfsf ;fy lxGb" u0ftGq
;+:yfut ug{sf nflu cfjZos ;ª\3if{sf nflu tof/ x'g cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . bnsf cWoIf clgn zdf{åf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf ;j{kIfLo /fhgLlts ;Dd] n gdfkm{ t /fhgLlts bnsf] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu ;zQm cfGbf]ngdf nfUg cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 .
df]6/;fOsn ¥ofnL sf7df8f}F, @! r}t . jt{dfg ;/sf/ lj36g ug' { k g] { / rf/bnLo ;+oGq vf/]hL ug'k{ g]{] dfu ub}{ ## bnn] lj/f]w:j?k cfh df] 6 /;fOsn ¥ofnL lgsfn]sf 5g\ . g]skf–dfcf]jfbL;lxt ## bnsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] df]6/;fOsn ¥ofnL v'N' nfd~raf6 ;'? eO{ afuahf/, k'tnL;8s,
cgfdgu/, afg]Zj/, tLgs'g], sf]6Z] j/ aNv', snª\sL, sfnLdf6L x'Fb} ;'Gwf/fdf cfP/ 6'lª\uPsf] lyof] . ¥ofnLsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ dfcf]jfbLsf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o lxtdfg zfSon] ;j{bnLo uf] n d] r ;Dd] n gaf6 ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug'k{ g]d{ f hf]8 lbg'eof] .
kmf]d pBf]udf cfunfuL e}/xjf, @! r}t . j;Gtk'/ uflj;& df /x]sf] n'lDagL Sjfo/ OG8l:6" h -kmf] d pBf] u _df cfunfuL ePsf] 5 . cfh laxfg ;f9] ^ ah] l t/ nfu] s f] cfunfuLaf6 pBf]u k"0f{?kdf Iflt eO{ s/f]8f}s + f] gf]S;fgL ePsf] pBf]u ;~rfns ;l~rt cu| j fnn] atfpg'eof] . 8\o/' f] km\NofS; a|fG8sf Dofl6"; / j]8sf;fy} ljleGg lsl;dsf uQf
pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] ;f] pBf]udf ljB't\ ;6{ eO{ cfuf] nfu]sf] ;~rfnssf] egfO 5 . cfunfuLaf6 sl/a ? !) s/f]8sf] Iflt ePsf] atfOG5 . e}/xjf / a'6jnaf6 uPsf b'Oj{ 6f bdsn, :yfgLojf;L, k|x/Lsf] ;lqmotfdf cfuf]nfO{ b'O3{ 06fkl5 dfq} lgoGq0fdf lng ;lsPsf] lyof] .pBf]udf sl/a #) dhb'/n] sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
lhNnf sfof{nosf] pb\3f6g x] 6 f} F 8 f, @! r} t . ;ª\ 3 Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfnsf cWoIf czf]ss'df/ /fO{n] d'n'sdf ;of}F jif{bl] v pk]lIft cflbjf;L, hghflt / blnt ;d' b fosf] ;fdflhs cfTd;Ddfg a9fpg k|d'v bnsf] e" l dsf ;sf/fTds g/x] s f] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . cWoIf /fO{n] ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfn dsjfgk'/ lhNnf sfof{nosf] cfh x]6f}F8fdf pb\3f6g ub}{ …d'n'ssf] ;jf]{k/L lxteGbf k| d ' v /fhgLlts bn
;Qfk|flKtsf] xf]8afhLd} nfUbf afXo zlQmsf] x:tIf] k a9] s f] Ú atfpg'eof] . kf6L{ dsjfgk' / sf cWoIf lji0f' k | ; fb l3ld/] s f] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf jL/axfb'/ nfdf tyf s] G b| L o ;b:oåo cfª\sfhL z]kf{ / ljBfyL{ g]tf z} n ] z tfdfªn] ;+ l jwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;xeflutf u/fpg]tkm{ rf/ bn / ;/sf/n] jftf{ ug'{k5{ eGg'eof] .
lrlsT;s ;ª\3åf/f eT;{gf sf7df8f} F , @! r} t . g] k fn lrlsT;s ;ª\3n] sf];L c~rn c:ktfndf Pk] l G8;fO6sf] pkrf/sf nflu cfPsf lj/f6gu/!* lgjf;L x]dgf/fo0f ofbjsf] dª\unaf/ d[To' ePsf] 36gfnfO{ lnP/ kLl8tn] c:ktfnsf] ef}lts ;+ / rgfdfly tf] 8 kmf] 8 u/] s fdf eT;{gf u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;ª\ 3 åf/f a' w jf/ hf/L lj1lKtdf c:ktfn k|zf;g
/ la/fdLsf cfkmGtaLr jftf{ / ;+ j fbsf dfWodaf6 pTkGg kl/l:yltnfO{ ;'Nemfpgfsf] ;§f ef}lts cfqmd0f g} ug]{ bf]ifLdfly 5fglag u/L sf/afxLsf nflu dfu ul/Psf] 5 . lj1lKtdf c:ktfn h:tf] ;+j]bgzLn If]qdf ;'/lIft jftfj/0fdf la/fdLsf] ;xh pkrf/ ug]{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{ ;/sf/ Pj+ :yfgLo ;'/Iff lgsfo;Fu dfu klg ul/Psf] 5 .
hg;flxTodf hf]8 eQmk'/, @! r}t . o'jf ;flxTosf/ Pns] ;'Gb/sf] klxnf] sljtf;ª\u|x …o'u cfXjfgÚ ljdf]rg ePsf] 5 .;d;fdlos ljifodf rf] l 6nf] sljtf n]Vg] sljsf ?kdf kl/lrt eQmk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f g+ !% Otf5]+sf ;'Gb/sf] klxnf] sljtf ;ª\u|xsf] g]kfnefiff ;flxTo tM d'+Hofsf cWoIf sfG5f jf;'snfn]
a' w jf/ ljdf] r g ub{ } | sljtfdf hgtfsf ;d:ofsf] phfu/ ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{ q mddf …hgsljÚ rGb| a xfb' / pnsn] ;flxTosf] /rgfdfkm{t hgtfsf cleJolQmnfO{ s[ltdf cleJolQm lbg] slj ;'Gb/sf sljtf hglk|o x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug{'eof]
/QmrGbg6"sa/fdb df s'v'/fsf] dnsf] af]/fn] a]/]/
rf} t f/f, @! r} t . cj} w ?kdf ltAatsf] vf;f nfg nfluPsf] sl/a b'O{ xhf/ s]hL k|ltalGwt /QmrGbg l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] aGb]pdf k|x/Ln] a/fdb u/]sf] 5 . cufl8kl§ gf$v / k5fl8kl§ af$v $^^! gDa/ ePsf] ldgL
nfg nfu] s f] cj:yfdf k| x /L r]skf]:6 aGb]pn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] xf] . aQL;j6f uf]lnof /x]sf tL /QmrGbgsf] tf}n sl/a b'O{ xhf/ s]hL /x]sf] atfOG5 .