Summer School 2021 - Valle di Blenio - Reader

RE-BUILD COMMON SPACES !

Summer School Ticino Reader 2021 Istituto Internazionale di Architettura i2a, Lugano Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts Chinese Culture University CCU, Taipei City La Fabbrica del Cioccolato Foundation, Torre

28.8. - 5.9.2021 i2a Summer School

Table of contents 1 Preface

3

2

Background information

8

3

Project brief

18

4 References

26

5 Annex

42

Preface 1

Welcome Introduction The Summer School Ticino is a week-long workshop which is taking place for the 6th time. It will open you up an incredibly different and exciting approach to architecture during your summer holidays. We would like to warmly welcome you and thank you for being part of this!

Contacts Roi Carrera +41 76 693 86 61 Daniel Fuchs +41 76 535 61 95 Elena Lurati +41 79 761 39 86 Mulan Sun +41 78 878 16 99 Accommodation Bus Stop: Dangio, Paese Ostello Adula al Riale Strada Vecchia 6717 Dangio-Torre La Fabbrica del Cioccolato Bus Stop: Dangio, Paese Stabili Cima Norma Strada Vecchia 100 6717 Torre +41 91 972 27 14 www.lafabbricadelcioccolato.ch i2a istituto internazionale di architettura Villa Saroli Viale S. Franscini 9 6900 Lugano +41 91 996 13 87 www.i2a.ch Hochschule Luzern Technik & Architektur Technikumstrasse 21 6048 Horw +41 41 349 33 11 www.hslu.ch Emergency Police 117 Fire department 118 Ambulance 144

Map: Canton of Ticino Dark gray: Blenio Valley

1 Preface

Participants HSLU

CCU / NCKU

Fadi Almasri

Cristina Mendes

Quian-Rui Chen

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Abdulrahman Althan

Johannes Mutschler

Chen Yun Chien

Architecture

Architecture

Landscape Architecture

Nathan Boder

Archel Nasala

Chen-You Kuo

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Sarina Burn

Palva Nesvadbikova

Chun-Han Ho

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Dea Caflisch

Sandra Nill

Sheng-Ren Hsiao

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Sven Camenzind

Jeanne Oberson

Grace Hsueh

Architecture

Architecture

Landscape Architecture

Nicolas Dorn

Gina Probst

Sara Lin

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Hannah Fotheringham

Sibylle Roth

Jou-Hui Su

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Hanne Gabriels

Cristina Sama

Stephanie Tsand

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Stefan Gajic

Ivan Simic

Yi-Xuan Wu

Architecture

Architecture

Landscape Architecture

Josianne Gsponer

Lucia Sporri

Ming-Yi Yen

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Rebecca Hug

Robin Steiger

Libby Zhong

Architecture

Architecture

Landscape Architecture

Ichrake Jabbouri

Akshay Thadathil

Architecture

Architecture

Shuhui Li

Noemi Vicini

Architecture

Architecture

Christian Kottathu

Ivo Wielander

Architecture

Architecture

Carolin Kutzner Architecture

4

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Re-Build Common Spaces!

Preface 1

Tutors

Guest Lecturers and Critics

Roi Carrera

Sophie Ambroise

Architect ETSAC/AAM Collaborator at i2a Lugano

Landscape Architect, Partner at Officina del Paesaggio, Lugano

Wei-Bin Chen

Logan Amont

Associate Professor, Chinese Culture University, Taipei Department of Urban Planning

Architect AAM, Landscape Architect Partner at Atelier Amont, Basel

Daniel Fuchs

Lecturer and Project Manager at HSLU Institute of Sociocultural Development

Architect ETH Partner at Bach-Muehle-Fuchs Architects

Philippe Grossenbacher Architect ETH / SIA Partner at Bach-Muehle-Fuchs Architects

Chin-Lin Lee Associate Professor, NCK University, Tainan Department of Urban Planning

Elena Lurati Architect ETH at Bach-Muehle-Fuchs Architects

Alessandro Martinelli Assistant Professor, Chinese Culture University, Taipei Department of Landscape Architecture

Ludovica Molo Architect ETH FAS, Head of i2a Head of FAS, Lecturer at HSLU Partner at Studio We Architetti, Lugano

Mulan Sun Buschor

Franco Bezzola Sheng-Yuan Huang Architect, Founder and Partner at Fieldoffice Architects, Yilan

Reto Lienhard Artist, Partner at Schmauser & Wirt, Zurich

Kenan Liu Architect, Partner at Atelier Xuk, Shanghai

Caterina Viguera Architect ETSAB, Partner at Rotative Studio, Zurich/Rotterdam

Felix Wettstein Architect ETH FAS, Presidente Commissione del paesaggio Canton Ticino, lecturer at HSLU and Partner at Studio We Architetti, Lugano

Alex Willener Lecturer and Project Manager at HSLU Institute of Sociocultural Development

Architect ETH/SIA Partner at SML Architektur Head of SCAA Project Manager of "The Culture of Water" at HSLU

Viviane Wang Assistant Professor, Chinese Culture University, Taipei Department of Landscape Architecture

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1 Preface

Schedule Information gathering Lectures are spread over the week and will give you insights into different topics. In addition to the lectures, you are expected to research further information individually and in groups.

Meetings There will be different kinds of meetings on a day to day basis. In the mornings there will be a "Check-in" and "Lectures" from international guests. In the afternoons we will look at the status of work in form of a "Pin-up" or "Table crits". In the middle of the workshop, ar the "Midterm review", you will get inputs how to strenghten your proposals. And in the end, we will have a "Final review" in front of a panel of experts and a vernissage of all the student works exhibited on site.

Summer School Ticino 2021 Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Day 5

Day 6

Day 7

Saturday

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

28.8

29.8.

30.8.

31.8.

1.9.

2.9.

3.9.

Monday, 23.8 Online

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 7:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Introduction 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00 Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Midterm review 8:00 / with CCU

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Lecture 9:00 / with CC

> Mulan

> Caterina Viguera, Rotative studio

> S.Y Huang, Fieldoffice Architects

> Alessandro Martinelli

> Franco Bezzola & Alex Willener

> Kenan Liu, Atelier Xuk, Shanghai

> Logan Amont

> Roi

- Topic: Urban gestures:

- Topic: Living with Sky, Water and

> Sophie Ambroise

- Topic: Participative Processes

- Topic: Rural redevelopment

- Topic: Repairing Land

> Elena

performative architecture in

Mountain: A Path towards Freedom with Ludovica

> Daniel

public space

and Social Work

and re-use

- Place and geography - Theory, References, etc. (Reader) - People and skills - Make 7 groups Switzerland - Make 3 groups Taiwan Afternoon

Quick Lunch

Arrival 14:00

Work

Work

Architecture excursion

- Welcome

Trip to Bellinzona, Monte Carasso

- Organisation/Accommodation

Organize Bus?

- Site visit

> Carlo Dusi

Apero 16:00

Pin-up 16:00

Feedback 16:00

- organized by Roi

Work

Work

Work

Feedback 16:00

Pin-up 16:00 on site

Feedback 16:00

> Present in 7 groups

> Concept

> Concept

> Design

> Design Work

Work

> Representation Work

Dinner in Bellinzona

Work

Lecture 19:30 > Reto Lienhard, Schmauser & Wirt - Topic: Art and public space

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Work

Preface 1

Day 5

Day 6

Day 7

Day 8

Day 9

Day 10

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Monday

1.9.

2.9.

3.9.

4.9.

5.9.

6.9.

0

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

Meet at 8:30

view 8:00 / with CCU

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Lecture 9:00 / with CCU, 15:00

Work

Final review 9:00 / with CCU

o Martinelli

> Franco Bezzola & Alex Willener

> Kenan Liu, Atelier Xuk, Shanghai

> Logan Amont

- Important: Drawing

> Felix Wettstein

- Topic: Participative Processes

- Topic: Rural redevelopment

- Topic: Repairing Landscapes

mbroise

ca

and Social Work

and re-use

the design

> Alessandro Martinelli

- Important: Preparing

> Planning Acquarossa with Ludovica

the presentation - Important: Preparing the next day (food, etc.)

Quick Lunch

h

e excursion

Departure 9:00

Work

Work

Work

Work

Vernissage on site 15:00

zona, Monte Carasso > Franco Bezzola

s?

by Roi

ellinzona

> Felix Wettstein > Giovanni Casella Feedback 16:00

Pin-up 16:00 on site

Feedback 16:00

> Claudia Boschetti Straub

> Concept

> Locals

> Design

> Associazione in contro with Ludovica

> Representation Work

Lecture 19:30

Work

Work

Apero/Catering 17:00 on site

> Reto Lienhard, Schmauser & Wirt - Topic: Art and public space

Possible departure

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2 Background information

Context Valle di Blenio The Summer School Ticino 2021 is taking place in the Valle di Blenio - the Blenio Valley - the valley of the sun - a place that has great architectural fabric and naturalistic charm, but that in recent times has had difficulties related to depopulation, a common problem many mountain regions are struggling with. More and more people prefer to move to the urban areas and so, one by one, the stores, workshops and offices are forced to close their doors.

The Valle di Blenio has an old history of alp transit. The valley with its roads over the Passo del Sole, Greina and Diesrut Pass, is among the Alpine routes that have been used for centuries.

This part of history can still be experienced, because there is many archaeological sites and many monuments from different times. Already in Roman times the valley served as an important transit axis through the alps.

Prosperity, poverty and migration are all issues related to the history of alp transit. Migration is a important part of history of the Valle di Blenio. People like Carlo Gatti or like Ernesto and Alfonso Cima were born in the Valle di Bölenio, emigrated because of poverty and came back to the valley as rich people.

Nowadays the valley is located in between two major North-South connection through the alps, the Gotthard connection to the west and the San Bernardino connection to the east. For the Valle di Blenio, crossing the alps is not so important anymore as the train line and the car highway follow the other valleys. Without large transport infrastructure and powerful industrial companies, the Valle di Blenio today feels almost idyllic. But still the Lukmanier Pass leads from the Valle di Blenio to Disentis/Sedrun in Graubueünden’s Vorderrhein Valley (Lower Rhine Valley).

The pass is open all year, winter and summer.

Source and more links: myswitzerland.com/en-ch/blenio-valley-valle-di-blenio.html bellinzonese-altoticino.ch/en/discover/territory/valle-di-blenio.html vallediblenio.ch en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenio en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenio_District de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valle_di_Blenio

Dangio The village of Dangio, which stands on a millenary alluvial sediment formed by the material of the Soya Valley, experienced several floods over the centuries, and in the night between 28 and 29 August 1908 the bridge, as well as the power plant and the buildings of the chocolate factory were damaged. Behind the village there is the historic hill of Ingerio, on the right the hill of Grumascio. In Ingerio, during several decades of the 20th century, the stonemasons extracted material from the rocks found in the region. Located on the border between Torre and Dangio is the famous chocolate factory Cima Norma. The San Salvatore brewery and the power station, which were also decisive for the economy, are worth mentioning. The location of these important infrastructures made Dangio more dependent on the municipality of Torre than on the municipality of Aquila, to which it belonged. However, it was Torre that benefited from Cima Norma from both a political and an economic point of view, thanks to the tax revenue that the municipality received and the residence of the owners of the factory. In Dangio you can also admire ancient buildings, including the stately building "Villa Assunta" and some frescoes.

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Background information 2

Chocolate Factory "Cima Norma" Some descendants of a lineage of Blenian chocolatiers, Ernesto Cima di Dangio and his brothers, built in 1903 the "Fabrique de Chocolat Cima", the first industry in the area, which gave work (at times of greatest production) to over 300 people almost all Blenian, but also from Sottoceneri and Italy (who stayed in houses or in the infrastructure provided by the management). One year after the 1908 flood, the brothers rebuilt the power station, rebuilt the damaged bridge and restarted the chocolate factory, the "Cima Freres", enlarged thanks to the purchase of the buildings of the "San Salvatore" brewery. Giuseppe Pagani di Torre, who returned in 1904, was one of the promoters of the Biasca-Acquarossa railway and in 1913 acquired the Cima factory and a year later withdrew the machinery of the Norma factory in Zurich, from where the name of the Cima Norma chocolate factory was born. On the night of 4 and 5 November 1915 a fire destroyed the building, which in the years 1919-1920, Pagani rebuilt and expanded. In 1939 Pagani died and was succeeded by Francesco Antognini and Luigi Ferrazzini. Thanks to the contracts stipulated with the large consumer cooperatives -but also to the small shops-, to the progressively introduced avant-garde machinery, to the local labour force and to the railway in the valley, the Cima Norma factory knew from the beginning a strong and fast development also imposing itself on the national market. This development continued even after the Second World War, which reached its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, when 330 workers were employed in 1962, the majority of whom were women. A fierce competition, the consequent termination of many contracts with large cooperatives and various episodes, forced Cima Norma to close definitively in 1968. Today it is open to the public for visits on request, and provides its premises for the village festivals and for the needs of local craftsmen and companies; it also houses some lofts. The recent acquisition of the infrastructure and the initiatives promoted within it suggest that Cima Norma is destined to give back to the Valley what it was able to offer in the past from an economic and social point of view.

Source: comuneblenio.ch Translation: deepl.com

Old postcard from Dangio:

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A recurring event

2016

10

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2017

20

018

2019

2020

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Background information 2

Results of 2020 Summer School 2020: Re-Activate the neighborhood!

The task was about making a suggestion for a new living concept for one house in the center of Dangio. The future scenario was expected to act on many levels and include many facettes.

We were interested in the bigger scale and the bigger picture of Valle di Blenio. The project therefore was not only focused on the building, but also supported an overall idea for all of the three: House - Village - Valley. We were searching for meaningful relationships between House and Village, between Village and Valley and between House and Valley. We think a all inclusive sustainable development can only happen, when there is a greater idea to the context.

Analysis The students have been working in five different teams. > Mobility & Accessibility > Water & Public Space > Production & Consumption > Facilities & Program > Structure & Material Each team was asked to analyze the valley based on a series of criteria. There was no need to quickly find to a proposal. A good analysis needs time and it was important to get to know the valley before coming up with new ideas.

Different readings (technical, infrastructural, sensory, atmospheric, economic, and ecological) of the conditions and potentials of the valley would produce different scenarios in the end.

Proposal From those analysis the students proceded to merge their knoledge into a collective future scenario for Casa Bassi. Within the Summer School we were not bound solely to realistic proposals but the goal was to create a wide palette of well thought through, useful, innovative and interesting ideas that lead to a scenario weaving together societal, ecological and economical needs.

The results of the students' work are shortly presented on the following pages.

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Background information 2

DANGIOS SURROUNDINGS shop & restaurant

Dangio - Olivone 1h 15 min

20/35 min

10 min

12 min

Dangio - Aquila 10 min

2/6 min

2 min

5 min

Dangio - Acquarossa 1h 5 min

13/50 min

6 min

15 min

DANGIOS SURROUNDINGS culture

Dangio - Olivone 1h 15 min

20/35 min

10 min

12 min

Dangio - Aquila 10 min

2/6 min

2 min

5 min

Dangio - Acquarossa 1h 5 min

13/50 min

6 min

15 min

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2 Background information

STEP BY STEP DEVELOPMENT step 1 CASA BASSI - multifunctional community space - kitchen - bed & breakfast

STEP BY STEP DEVELOPMENT step 2 CASA BASSI - multifunctional community space - kitchen - bed & breakfast CASA BARTOLIN - workshop spaces - exhibition space - multigenerational living

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Background information 2

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2 Background information

Gewölbekeller 17.0 m2

-1

SEducationalVersion

Keller 19.5 m2

Abstellraum 9.8 m2

LSA1

LSA1

Zimmer 1 20.5 m2

Entree 9.6 m2

Wohnzimmer 20.1 m2

QSB2

0

SEducationalVersion

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Küche 12.3 m2

Background information 2

TIMELINE CASA BASSI throughout the day

CASA BASSI «Ì £

Zimmer 1 13.8 m2

Bad 4.0 m2

WC 1.6 m2

Entrée 6.7 m2

LSA2

LSA2

Zimmer 2 20.7 m2

Korridor 4.3 m2

Zimmer 3 21.2 m2

Zimmer 4 14.7 m2

+1 GSEducationalVersion

«À « Ã> wÀÃÌ y À

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3 Project brief

Task 2021 Summer School 2021: Re-build Common Spaces!

This years task is to reflect on the specific conditions of the valley and to design a proposal for three different sites. Each proposal should act on many levels and include various facettes. The focus lies on understanding typologies of spaces for the community, how they were used in the past, how they are used now and what we could contribute with our designs how the people can live together in the future. We aim for a critical understanding of the transformation of historical places in order to tackle the question: What is common space nowadays? The interaction and exchange of knowledge between the groups working on the different sites should create a fragmentary, but connected vision for the Blenio valley and its future. The three sites work on three different scales and each of them follow a different time-line of realization: 1. Sallo - A small public space with a fountain, that will be transformed according to our design one month after the Summer School by the municipality of Blenio.

2. Torre - A medium scale open space in between the main public buildings of the town. Our design will be (partly) realized during next years Summer School and by the municipality.

3. Acquarossa - A large scale area next to the hospital of Acquarossa. Our masterplan will serve as a basis for the future planning of the community and implemented over the next years.

Please think about the following questions and remarks: - What makes your design proposal specific to the location, what is the strong identity, what are the characteristics given by the site and created by the design?

- Longterm development (there is no economic pressure for short-term development), make phasing possible, step by step development.

- How does your scenario change over time (day to night, seasons, years)?

- Is the project self-sufficient or is there additional infrastructure needed to make the scenario work well?

- For whom are you designing/not designing? (We don't want to think of housing for commuters and don't want to go in to the direction of leisure and tourism) - Is your scenario integrating the idea of social exchange, mixed use, alternative way of uses?

How do you combine public and private?

- Can your scenario stay within the borders of the existing building regulation, is it possible to densify on the plot?

Design in collaboration There are many different aspects to design. The large group of students will divide into different small groups for a specialization. The ideas and results of the small groups will later be exchanged and brought together to one design project. It is important that the vision for the whole doesn't get lost on the way. Try to think the small scale intervention in a creative way as a big scale urban development and vice versa. Social sustainability should be achieved through spatial design and program. Ideally each proposal creates new meaning not only for itself, but for the community comming together in these spaces.

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Project brief 3

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3 Project brief

Site 1 - Sallo Small Scale Short term realization

Task It is of primary importance to analyse the historical role of the fountain in a rural context .

The area of intervention is located on a pedestrian path connecting Olivone village to Oratorio San Bartolomeo. The historical fountain rise in the middle of a small agglomeration of vernacular buildings, a location with a great potential for a public space.

Starting from a larger scale survey of the surroundings (mapping the limits, vegetation, materials,...) the goal is to produce a tangible project proposal for pavement arrangement, public furniture design and lightings.

The project is planned to be realized by the municipality in this autumn 2021. This makes it a protoype for the Summer School that connects closely to the design of the second site in Torre.

Design ideas should be exchanged inbetween the groups and sites to discover the potential of local craft and materials.

Requirements for the final review As a final product you will indicatively produce the following documents: - Presentation of a project that can be told like a story or a vision, A3 PDF - A full set of plans (sections, elevations), scale 1:20 - A site plan of the surroundings, scale 1:200 - Visualizations of the project, montage, collage, render, perspective, A3 - Diagrams, sketches, mind maps, text, keywords to explain the scenario conceptually - And other appropriated medium, to be defined

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Scale 1: 500 Printed on 20.08.2021 18:21 MESZ https://s.geo.admin.ch/928fb8e01f www.geo.admin.ch is a portal provided by the Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation to gain insight on publicly accessible geographical information, data and services Limitation of liability. Although every care has been taken by the Federal Authorities to ensure the accuracy of the information published, no warranty can be given in respect of the accuracy, reliability, up-to-dateness or completeness of this information. Copyright, Swiss federal authorities. http://www.disclaimer.admin.ch/terms_and_conditions.html

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3 Project brief

Site 2 - Torre Medium Scale Mid term realization

Task Enclosed between the Church of Santo Stefano, the cemetery and the old Casa Comunale, the site has a great potential for a qualitative public space. Formerly an agricultural field, the whole are and its topography have been transformed with the passing of time to technically solve the problem of accessibility of the cemetery with a lack of sensibility to the public aspect of the location and the possibility to have a variety of programs and scenarios happening there.

The old Casa Comunale has previously been an Elementary School sourrounded by its playground and it hosts nowadays the different activities of INCONTRO Association, as well as a medical center for the locals.

Divided in 5 thematical Groups we will start with a carefully conducted preliminary research on site. From the obtained results we will than proceed to merge our common knowledge in a project proposal for the future arrangement of the area. The quality of the project will reside in a careful representation of the ground floor and the relationship between public space and the immediate surroundings.

Additionally, for the open day of the Summer School, we ask you to build an installation on site. It should serve as an illustration of the design proposal, speak about the intended spatial changes, and communicate the project to a wider local public. The open day will be hosted in or around the installation. It is important to take into consideration the materials and tools provided, to design a realistic proposal.

Requirements for the final review As a final product you will indicatively produce the following documents: - Presentation of a project that can be told like a story or a vision, A3 PDF - A full set of plans (sections, elevations), scale 1:100 - A site plan of the surroundings, scale 1:500 - A site plan of Torre, scale 1:1000 - Visualizations of the project, montage, collage, render, perspective, A3 - Diagrams, sketches, mind maps, text, keywords to explain the scenario conceptually - And other appropriated medium, to be defined - Installation on site, with re-used materials and wooden sticks

Credits Church Renovation's drawings Architect: Studio d’architettura Tecnoclima di Luca Giordano & partners Lugano Client: Consiglio parrocchiale di Torre, Presidente Giuseppe Locatelli.

Expert: Ufficio Beni Culturali, capo servizio monumenti, arch. Endrio Ruggiero.

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Scala 1: 1'000 Stampato il 09.08.2021 09:16 MESZ https://s.geo.admin.ch/9255202263 www.geo.admin.ch è una piattaforma pubblica accessibile per la ricerca di geo-informazioni, i dati e servizi.

Responsabilità: Nonostante si presti grande attenzione allâesattezza delle informazioni pubblicate su questo sito, le autorità federali declinano ogni responsabilità per la fedeltà, lâesattezza, lâattualità, lâaffidabilità e la completezza di tali informazioni. Diritti dâautore: autorità della Confederazione Svizzera, anno. http://www.disclaimer.admin.ch/basi_legali.html

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3 Project brief

Site 3 - Acquarossa Large Scale Long term urban planning

Task In Acquarossa Municipality there are two important projects in approval, Sun Village and Hotel, which will densify the northern area of the village. To complete this new urban development, In the following years, mainly due to the future expansion of the Hospital Building, the Southern area of the village will also need to be programmatically restructured.

The transformation of this area must respond to the needs of accomodation required by the new jobs created (about 300) and provide a quality proposal concerning the services domain (offices, commercial, ...) for the new residents as well as for travelers in transit through the Lukmanier pass. The interaction of volumes to be built and the new common spaces will be quintessential for the future livelyhood of the quarter.

The area of intervention is characterized by the presence of two of the main public buildings of the village, the Hospital and the Cinema Blenio, an historically important project for the Ticino's architecture by Giampiero Mina. The proximity to the Brenno river and the Military area should also be considered as an asset and could be integrated in the project. In this way, the project should open up possibilities for transversal connections that are complementary to the main North-South axis and consolidate the village core.

The goal is to propose an urban design project that takes into account the densification recquired by the further development of the area as well as a coherent integrated strategy for the valorisation of public spaces and sense of community.

Requirements for the final review As a final product you will indicatively produce the following documents: - Presentation of a project that can be told like a story or a vision, A3 PDF - A site plan of the area, scale 1:1000 - A site plan of Acquarossa, scale 1:5000 - Visualizations of the project, montage, collage, render, perspective, A3 - Diagrams, sketches, mind maps, text, keywords to explain the scenario conceptually - And other appropriated medium, to be defined

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Scale 1: 2'500 Printed on 10.08.2021 17:37 MESZ https://s.geo.admin.ch/925c1110c0 www.geo.admin.ch is a portal provided by the Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation to gain insight on publicly accessible geographical information, data and services Limitation of liability. Although every care has been taken by the Federal Authorities to ensure the accuracy of the information published, no warranty can be given in respect of the accuracy, reliability, up-to-dateness or completeness of this information. Copyright, Swiss federal authorities. http://www.disclaimer.admin.ch/terms_and_conditions.html

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4 References

References "The rock is my home”, Werner Blaser 1976 For Werner Blaser, it is a very special concern to know how to preserve the anonymous architecture of the mountains. According to Blaser, it is not just a matter of individual outstanding objects, which can be placed under monument protection, but the entire picture of settlements and assemblies which we have to save, especially against decay, for their own sake because of the harmonious uniform use of the building material as a whole. The old, solid, creative building-thought, created by an inherited form-feeling, is exemplified by the architect of our time, who speaks through his photographs. These natural stone buildings are not adorned with anything foolish, their nature is strict constructive discipline.

Source: socks-studio.com/2017/02/04/matter-structure-and-form-of-life-der-fels-ist-mein-hausby-werner-blaser-1976/

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"La Costruzione del territorio nel Cantone Ticino", Aldo Rossi 1979. Settlements and vernacular architecture within the territory of Ticino. Image below taken in old Dangio.

Source: Book scan

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4 References

Caterina Viguera, Rotative Studio, Zurich/Rotterdam Three Pavilions - Place du Marche, Aigle Both ephemeral and more permanent architectural structures transform a space into a place. The built object as the first gesture towards a community, to engage encounters; a living object that is related to the past, the present and the future of a specific context and it’s (prospective) users/inhabitants. The project ‘Three Pavilions, Place du Marche in Switzerland’ is a good example to depict how temporary structures can create a big impact in one place and influence the base for future transformation plans.

The pavilions perform as the first gesture that embody the municipality’s ambitions to understand the square as a place for encounter, and propose a combination of new functions for the residents: a public library, an observatory, a collective table with benches and a small theatre.

The pavilions are small stations, that are accessible from all sides. They are formed and positioned in relation to each other and in relation to the context.

This work is not only about the design and layout of the pavilions but as much about the plan to revitalize the Place du Marche, to reinterpret what is there. The pavilions serve as an introduction and stimulus to change the residents' perspective on the square – to bring a different perspective and a new identity. After five years, the pavilions will be relocated to another place in the city that awaits transformation.

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References 4

Sheng-Yuan Huang, Fieldoffice Architects, Yilan, Taiwan Jin-Mei Pedestrian Bridge across Yilan River ” Their practice takes place in the ’flesh’ of their hometown – Yilan, and they keep diagnosing its spots of illness and working out architectural cures to heal the wounds that have emerged through time and careless life. In addition to the physical cityscape, their architecture also helps to heal the collective memory, imagination and identity of the unknown citizen of the City, ´the little man´, the architects’ real client, in the view of Alvar Aalto, the Finnish master architect.”

Juhani Pallasma www.fieldoffice-architects.com

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4 References

Future Hasliberg» - Franco Bezzola Community development in a rural and mountain village, social work "The challenging situations that exist today in the Alps …require social change too." "...tackling these challenges from a societal point of view and the potential that lies within society.

Personal initiatives, new collaborations, and a backpack full of ideas are needed in order to bring about change in social as well as economic practices." « "...the vision of a strong society capable of carrying sustainable development in the Alps by pooling their resources."

"Social innovations comprise new approaches, combinations and forms of social interaction in order to promote sustainable development, good governance and quality of life in the Alps."

Source: https://www.hasliberg.ch/wirtschaft/zukunft-hasliberg/

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References 4

Reto Lienhard, Schmauser & Wirt, Zurich Schmauser and Wirt are Reto Lienhard and Thomas Leiser, who before the founding of the collective spontaneously, subversive and large-scale exhibition events at Viscosibau 745 in Emmenbrucke.

These events manifested the vision of a long-term joint process, which was process, which then took physical form for the first time in the pop-up bar ***** and in the interim use Whua Stansstad.

In addition to initiating various exhibitions, interim uses and participatory projects, they they are always looking for cooperations with interesting partners outside the actual art world, such as the Suat waste divers or the Riedsunna retirement home in Stansstad.

For Schmauser & Wirt, the social processes and discourses that their art projects facilitate are in the foreground of their artistic practice.

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4 References

Kenan Liu, Atelier Xuk, Shanghai Primary School Boutique Hotel, Qinyong "As the most important public building of the people's commune period, the school replaced the traditional family shrine and became the centre of public life in Qingyong Village, as well as an important carrier of the village's collective memory. So the school's facade has been preserved as much as possible, out of our respect for the history and collective memory of the villagers."

Kenan Liu http://www.atelier-xuk.com.cn/

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Logan Amont, Atelier Amont, Basel Beauregard Housing Project, Neuchatel One of the last open agricultural fields of Neuchatel was to be developed. We proposed a “mixedrise” medium-density ensemble of various building types with a range of garden and park spaces in between walled courtyards. A bar building defines the street, towers are placed punctually to allow views in between to the lake, and a “carpet” of single-floor courtyard houses occupies most of the rest of the site. A pergola covers parts of all buildings, and meanders off into the park spaces. Through this arrangement, modes of living for different types of personalities could be accomodated – more intimate, or more open with grandiose views. Green space is partially privatized, something which we are aware is generally not popular, but we absolutely did not believe in the usual “empty spaces” between punctual blocks, where the resulting land is typically ambiguous in its ownership and therefore used by nearly no one. A generous park in the middle of the site is clearly defined with recognizable elements (i.e. fountain) and we hope would have contain enough activity to generate a quality public space.

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4 References

Stortorget Square - Caruso St.John Renewal of Cathedral Square, Kalmar The project is intended to be a model of imaginative renovation in a situation of national historic significance.

During its 300 year history, Stortorget has been a location for political, military and religious representation, for commercial transactions, but most frequently for individual passage, reverie and coincidental meetings. The renewal of Stortoget has not been brought about by the pressure from new functions, but to contribute to a contemporary definition of public space. Concentrating on the physical condition of the square s surface, the design aims to lend dignity to the existing space by increasing one s awareness of its physical characteristics.

The physical history of Stortorget has been about the shifting of stones - field stones from the surrounding agricultural lands stacked into dry stone boundary walls, and then - wall stones providing the raw material to make the streets and square of the baroque town. The presence of field stones at the centre of Kalmar is a reminder of this physical, almost primitive, transformation of rural land into urban place.

EU Mies Award article

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References 4

Banyoles Old Town Public Space - Mias Architects Renewal of Banyoles Old Town, Girona Banyoles’ old town used to be a deteriorated area in which vehicles and pedestrians cohabitated around a urban system of narrow streets and old sidewalks. The irrigation canals that originally were clean had become part of the sewer system of the city. Around the Central Square there were also sidewalks in which cars parked randomly.

The departing point is to cover the Central Square using a tessellation of travertine. This calcareous stone has always been present in the city’s subsoil. All the enigmatic buildings, churches, medieval houses or monuments were also raised with travertine.

The proliferation of this tiling arrives to the streets and minor squares in different phases of the project. On the other hand, the irrigation system is uncovered intermittently across the pedestrian ways. Eventually, it is opened in bigger sections so children can play as if they were in front of a puddle of water.

Originally, these waterways came from Banyoles’ Lake, crossed the city and supplied water to the backyards of the houses. The disappearance of these private gardens generated the progressive covering and degeneration of the quality of the canalized water.

The project restores circulation of people and water through the old town of Banyoles, giving them back the itineraries they occupied originally.

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The Pergola-Village - Costantino Nivola A project ahead of its time, Orani From this idea of art of living, therefore, from the direct contact between man and nature, the project "Pergola-Village, vined Orani" was born. Conceived for the first time and published in 1953 in the magazine Interiors, it is a perfect example of the idea of synthesis of the arts, so dear to Nivola.

The project was born as a work of environmental art intended to strengthen the sense of community of the citizens. Nivola designed a pergola for each rooftop in the village of Orani. The artist imagines, in this way, to be able to constitute a single huge network connecting all the houses of the town. The Pergola-Village is advanced in nature with respect to the contemporary interpretations of the synthesis of the arts in the fifties - such as the theory of Piero Dorazio, published in Arti Visive in December 1952 -, based exclusively on the encounter between painting, sculpture and architecture. In Nivola's project, on the other hand, sculpture is inserted into the pre-existing architectural context, which is reshaped by means of light pergolas, vegetal elements, facades plastered in white and connected by a blue plinth. Pergola-Village Orani, presents itself to the artist as a green plot, physical and relational, which winds through the streets of the historic center and leads to the square, the heart of civic life. In fact, the center of the main square, was the only one that had to remain uncovered - emphasizing the typical Mediterranean use of a large enclosed room of the city - Nivola designed a large sculpture-architecture in the shape of a tower, a sort of anthropomorphic nuraghe that held in its lap four archetypal characters of Nivola.

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References 4

Landscaping of the Acropolis Surrounding - Dimitris Pikionis 1954–1957 Pikionis published a short text, in which he laid out his own vision of modern architecture in relation to the specific cultural and climatic condition of the site, while slyly deriding the flattening universalism and the grey concrete of the modern movement. In Pikionis’s own work, the typology of modern architecture opens up to vernacular inspirations, to the part-ancient, part-mythical past, and to the natural environment—from which all cultural forms originate and to which they will be ultimately returned. The landscaping project for the Acropolis and Philopappos Hill, on which he worked between 1954 and 1958, is considered his foremost and most unique achievement. Pikionis’s landscaping took the form of a system of footpaths, individually paved with stones, antique spolia and modern urban rubble, that followed and extended the existing paths on the two hills that had been walked upon, often for centuries. This landscaping is groundbreaking and radical —precisely because it is ultimately modest and thoroughly in situ—a piece of architecture learning from its context. Working collectively with his students and local stonemasons, Pikionis practised the careful and laborious technique of paving using salvaged debris from the violently developing capital of Greece. His landscape design, created in opposition to both industrial and archaeological transformations of land, remains the only urban-scale project ever to take place on the slopes surrounding the Acropolis. —documenta

Photo credits: Helene Binet Re-Build Common Spaces! Reader

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4 References

Piazza di Sonogno - Enrico Sassi Arrangement, paving and furnishing of the main square of Sonogno., Valle Verzasca, Ticino Sonogno's square was an undefined space resulting from the successive demolitions of three buildings and from a correction of the road layout; its paving was in asphalt and was in bad conditions. A new paving in natural stone has been laid and an arrangement of the public space relative to the old "Museum" building has been realized with the continuation of the level of the basement (plinth) also on the square side. The plinth continues until it joins the new "Museo degli Antichi Gesti" building. The basement is also a staircase that connects the space of the square with that between the two buildings of the museum complex. The project also equips the remaining perimeter of the square with parallelepipeds (seats) in granite, "brushed" finish. https://enricosassi.ch/portfolio_page/sonogno-piazza-principale-valle-verzasca/

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References 4

Rêeveries Urbaines - Ronan & Erwan Bouroullec An international travelling exhibition by the Vitra Design Museum in cooperation with Les Champs Libres de Rennes “Rêveries Urbaines” (Urban Daydreaming) is a wide-ranging study of possible development solutions for cities, a repertoire of new forms imaginable in very different urban situations. Much like a large, open sketchbook, the solutions are presented as a meander through models and films.

The immersive staging of this exhibition aims to transport the visitor into different universes; each model is like a separate act of an urban play. A significant number of ideas were produced over the course of a year. From this intense research, proposals were selected and turned into detailed study models.

These spontaneously developed projects highlight the need to bring natural forms back into the city: plants, animals, water and fire. The scenarios take into consideration urban functions and suggest a new direction in the relationship between buildings, the quality of a pavement, the positioning of a fountain, the planting of a jungle: all these human considerations that would make the city a place of enchantment.

EPFL Exhibition 2018

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4 References

Towards a Critical Regionalism - Kenneth Frampton Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance Essay, 1983 https://www.oasejournal.nl/en/Issues/103/TowardsaCriticalRegionalism#012

3. Critical Regionalism and World Culture Architecture can only be sustained today as a critical practice if it assumes an arriere-garde position, that is to say, one which distances itself equally from the Enlightenment myth of progress and from a reactionary, unrealistic impulse to return to the architectonic forms of the preindustrial past. A critical arriere-garde has to remove itself from both the optimization of advanced technology and the ever-present tendency to regress into nostalgic historicism or the glibly decorative. It is my contention that only an arriere-garde has the capacity to cultivate a resistant, identity-giving culture while at the same time having discreet recourse to universal technique.

It is necessary to qualify the term arriere-garde so as to diminish its critical scope from such conservative policies as Populism or sentimental Regionalism with which it has often been associated. In order to ground arriere-gardism in a rooted yet critical strategy, it is helpful to appropriate the term Critical Regionalism as coined by Alex Tzonis and Liliane Lefaivre in "The Grid and the Pathway" (1981); in this essay they caution against the ambiguity of regional reformism, as this has become occasionally manifest since the last quarter of the 19th century: Regionalism has dominated architecture in almost all countries at some time during the past two centuries and a half. By way of general definition we can say that it upholds the individual and local architectonic features against more universal and abstract ones. In addition, however, regionalism bears the hallmark of ambiguity. On the one hand, it has been associated with movements of reform and liberation; on the other, it has proved a powerful tool of repression and chauvinism. Certainly, critical regionalism has its limitations. The upheaval of the populist movement – a more developed form of regionalism – has brought to light these weak points. No new architecture can emerge without a new kind of relations between designer and user, without out new kinds of programs. Despite these limitations critical regionalism is a bridge over which any humanistic architecture of the future must pass.

The fundamental strategy of Critical Regionalism is to mediate the impact of universal civilization with elements derived indirectly from the peculiarities of a particular place. It is clear from the above that Critical Regionalism depends upon maintaining a high level of critical selfconsciousness. It may find its governing inspiration in such things as the range and quality of the local light, or in a tectonic derived from a peculiar structural mode, or in the topography of a given site.

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References 4

Suggested Readings

Carlow, Vanessa M. "Ruralism, The Future of Villages and Small Towns in an Urbanizing World."

JOVIS, 2017.

Marot, Sebastien. "Taking the Country's Side, Agriculture and Architecture." Lisbon Architecture Triennale, Lisbon, Polígrafa, Barcelona, 2019.

Caminada, Gion A. "On the path of Building: A Conversation about Architecture with Florian Aicher.", Birkhäuser Verlag GmbH, 2018.

Brox, O. "The Political Economy of Rural Development: Modernisation without Centralisation?", Eburon, 2006.

Berger, J. ''Ways of seeing'', Penguin Books, 1972 Alexander, C. Ishikawa, S. Silverstein, M. ''A pattern Language''. Oxford University Press, 1977.

Tuan, Y-F. ''Space and Place, the perspective of experience''. University of Minnesota Press, 1977.

Euler, L. Tattara, M. von Moos, C. Markaki, M. "Achtung die Landschaft." Lars Muller Publishers, 2016.

Widmer, H. ''Bolo’bolo''. Paranoia City, Zurich 1983 Weiss, R. "Hauser und Landschaften der Schweiz." Haupt Verlag, 2017.

Gschwend, M. "La casa rurale nel Canton Ticino". Verlag G.Krebs, 1982.

Solari, L. "Blenio: una valle a confronto". Salvioni arti grafiche edizioni, 1998.

Graf, F. Buzzi-Huppert, B. ''Quaderno 06, Cinema-Teatro Blenio, 1956-1958'', Mendrisio Academy Press, 2017.

«Ein Zen­trum für ei­nen Ort schaf­fen, der kei­ne Mit­te hat­te» Interview with Luigi Snozzi https://www.espazium.ch/de/aktuelles/luigi-snozzi-interview Common ground, a critical reader edited by David Chipperfield, kieran Long, Shumi Bose, published for the 13th International Architecture Exhibition at La Biennale die Venezia

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5 Annex

Thank you Stakeholders: Claudia Boschetti Straub Mayor of Blenio Municipality

Dante Caprara Ente Regionale per lo Sviluppo del Bellinzonese e Valli

Odis Barbara De Leoni Mayor of Acquarossa Municipality

Beba Grob Responsabile InfoPoint Valle di Blenio, Tourist Information

Giuseppe Locatelli President of parochial council

Stefan Breit, Lea Loeb, Lukas von Blarer Member of the association Cima Citta that rents the pensionato building in the backyard of the Chocolate Factory /cimacitta.ch

Marino und Marie-Jos (Mijo) Venturini Running the Adula al Riale accommodation and part of the institutionally owned Chocolate Factory buidlings

Giovanni Casella Piazza Living in the Chocolate Factory building and vice president at the Foundation La Fabbrica del Cioccolato

Incontro - Franca Gada-Barenco Association of inhabitants

Lorenza Sampietro obstetric nurse

Luca Censi ex-Vila Lina

Matthias Braun Vila Lina

Milko Piercarlo Vanza owner of Yellow garage in Torre

Carlo Antognini owner of Yellow House in Torre

Pier Paolo Sarro Historical Images of Blenio

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Annex 5

Partners: Many thanks to all the people and institutions that are involved in the Summer School

Summer School 2021, organized by:

Thanks to the support of:

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