Summer School 2019 - Valle di Blenio - Booklet

Reader Booklet i2a Summer School

Istituto Internazionale di Architettura i2a, Lugano Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts Chinese Culture University CCU, Taipei La Fabbrica del Cioccolato Foundation, Torre

30.8. - 9.9.2019 Summer School Ticino

Table of contents 1

Preface

2

Background knowledge

10

3

Project brief

24

4

Research

34

5

Annex

50

Re-Innovation for Re-Population

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Reader Booklet

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1 Preface

Welcome Introduction The Summer School Ticino is a ten days workshop which is taking place for the 4th time. It will open you up an incredibly different and exciting approach to architecture during your summer holidays. In a large multidisciplinary team you will be working on the complete planning of a transformation project. In the end you will present an educated statement for a sustainable development of "Valle di Blenio". You will investigate the real and be part of the initial project!

This year‘s tutors are Ludovica Molo, Lara Monti and Philippe Grossenbacher. We would like to warmly welcome you and thank you for being part of this!

Contacts Philippe Grossenbacher +41 79 487 42 40 Accommodation Bus Stop: Dangio, Paese Ostello Adula al Riale Strada Vecchia 6717 Dangio-Torre

Map: Canton of Ticino Dark gray: Valle di Blenio

La Fabbrica del Cioccolato Bus Stop: Dangio, Paese Stabili Cima Norma Strada Vecchia 100 6717 Torre +41 91 972 27 14 www.lafabbricadelcioccolato.ch i2a istituto internazionale di architettura Villa Saroli Viale S. Franscini 9 6900 Lugano +41 91 996 13 87 www.i2a.ch Hochschule Luzern Technik & Architektur Technikumstrasse 21 6048 Horw +41 41 349 33 11 www.hslu.ch Emergency Police 117 Fire department 118 Ambulance 144

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Preface 1

Partners Many thanks to all the people and institutions that are involved in the Summer School.

Summer School 2019, organized by:

Thanks to the support of:

Thanks to the technical support of:

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1 Preface

Participants Students 陳熙婷 Xiting Chan

Ola Abdu

陳品豪 Pinhao Chen

Rashmi Annalingam

陳泰燁 Tai-Yeh Chen

Kai Chen

陳瑩嘉 Ying-Chia Chen

Darakhsha Dandekar

許志安 Chih-An Hsu

Takahiko Kameoka

許介瀚 Chieh-Hann Hsu

Manuel Martinez

呂淑靜 Shu-Jing Liu

Bejan Misaghi

歐陽家宇 Chia-Yu Ouyang

Gabriela Shabo

Landscape

Architecture

Urban Planning

Architecture

Urban Planning

Architecture

Urban Planning

Urban Planning

Architecture

Urban Planning

Architecture

Architecture

Urban Planning

Urban Planning

Architecture

Architecture

蔡晟育 Cheng-Yu Tsai Urban Planning

吳昱萱 Yu-Hsuan Wu Urban Planning

張宜欽 Yi-Qin Zhang Landscape

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Preface 1

Teachers and Experts Odis Barbara De Leoni

Mayor of Acquarossa Municipality

Michela Bonzi Light designer

Claudia Boschetti Straub

Mayor of Blenio Municipality (Dangio is part of Blenio)

Dante Caprara

Ente Regionale per lo Sviluppo del Bellinzonese e Valli

Giovanni Casella Piazza

Vice President at the Foundation La Fabbrica del Cioccolato

Wei-Bin Chen

Professor, Chinese Culture University, Taipei - Urban Planning Department

Luca Crosta Architect at i2a

Beba Grob

Responsabile InfoPoint Valle di Blenio, Tourist Information

Philippe Grossenbacher

Architect ETH / SIA, Partner at Bach-Muehle-Fuchs Architects

Chun-Lin Lee

Professor, Chinese Culture University, Taipei - Landscape Architecture Department

Nedo Maestrani

Owner of the house in Dangio

Ludovica Molo

Architect ETH FAS, Head of i2a, Head of FAS, Lecturer at HSLU, and Partner at Studio We Architetti, Lugano

Lara Monti

Architect, MA. Architecture Udk Berlin

Felix Wettstein

Architect ETH FAS, President Commissione del paesaggio Canton Ticino, lecturer at HSLU and Partner at Studio We Architetti, Lugano

Alex Willener

Lecturer and Project Manager at HSLU Institute of Sociocultural Development

Stefano Zerbi

Professor at Dipartimento ambiente costruzioni e design, SUPSI

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1 Preface

Program Information gathering Lectures are spread over the week and will give you insights into different topics. In addition to the lectures, you are expected to research further information individually and in groups.

Meetings

Summer School Ticino 2019

There will be different kinds of meetings on a day to day basis. In the mornings there will be a "Check-in" and in the afternoons we will look at the status of work in form of a "Pin-up" or a "Midterm review". And in the end, we will have a "Final review" in front of a panel of experts.

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Day 5

Day 6

Day

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thurs

30.8.

31.8.

1.9.

2.9.

3.9.

4.9.

5.9.

Morning

Meet at 8:45

Bus to Biasca 7:30

Introduction 9:00

Check-in 8:30

Lecture 8:00

Check-in 8:30

Check-in 8:30

Chec

> Lara

Work

> Dante Caprara

Work

Work

Work

> Philippe

- Work in 6 groups

> Beba Grob

- Work in 6 groups

> Gro

> Ben

- Important: Drawing

1.5h total

> Input Nedo Maestrani

> Gro

> Jeff

the house

with Ludovica Bus to Lucerne 9:30

- Place and geography - People and skills - Make 6 groups

Afternoon Arrival 14:00

Work

Work

- Welcome

> Group A: House visit

Lecture 14:00

Work

Work

Work

> Alex Willener

> Gro

- Organisation/Accommodation > Group B: House visit

1.5h total

> Gro

with Ludovica

with Ludovica Pin-up 17:00

Pin-up 17:00

Midterm review 17:00

Welcome

> Present in 6 groups

> Present in 6 groups

with Ludovica

together with

> Analysis

> Concept

Sindaci

> Concept

Bus to Dangio 18:00

Work

Arrival in Dangio 20:00 Work

Apero 17:00

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> Design Lecture 20:00

Lectu

> Stefano Zerbi

> Mic

Preface 1

7

Day 6

Day 8

sday Wednesday Friday 4.9.

6.9.

Day 7

Day 9

Day 8

Day 10

Day 9

Day 11

Day 10

Day 11

Thursday

Saturday Friday

Sunday

Saturday

Monday

Sunday

Monday

5.9.

7.9.

8.9.

7.9.

9.9.

8.9.

9.9.

6.9.

ck-in 8:30 Check-in 8:30Check-in 8:30 Check-in 8:30Check-in 8:30 Check-in 8:30Work

Check-in 8:30Departure Work 9:00

k

Work

Work

Work

Work

Work

Work

Departure 9:00

oup A: E-Bikes

> Group A: E-Bikes - Important: Drawing

Be ready at- 10:30 Important: Drawing

Be ready at 10:30

strani oup B: Work

> Group B: Work the design

Final reviewthe 11:00 design

Final review 11:00

with Ludovica - Important: Preparing

with Ludovica

Alex Willenerthe presentation

Alex Willener

Dante Caprara

Dante Caprara

Sindaci

Sindaci

Final review Work

Final review

Dinner 20:00

Dinner 20:00

Grotto Milani

Grotto Milani

k

- Important: Preparing the presentation

Work

Work

Work

Work

oup B: E-Bikes

> Group B: E-Bikes

oup A Work

> Group A Work

ups

Midterm review Pin-up 17:00 17:00

Work

Pin-up 17:00

with Ludovica

ure 20:00 Lecture 20:00Work

Lecture 20:00

chela Bonzi > Stefano Zerbi

> Michela Bonzi

Work

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2 Background knowledge

Context Valle di Blenio The Summer School Ticino 2019 is taking place in the Valle di Blenio - the Blenio Valley - the valley of the sun - a place that has great architectural fabric and naturalistic charm, but that in recent times has had difficulties related to depopulation, a common problem many mountain regions are struggling with. More and more people prefer to move to the urban areas and so, one by one, the stores, workshops and offices are forced to close their doors.

The Valle di Blenio has an old history of alp transit. The valley with its roads over the Passo del Sole, Greina and Diesrut Pass, is among the Alpine routes that have been used for centuries.

This part of history can still be experienced, because there is many archaeological sites and many monuments from different times. Already in Roman times the valley served as an important transit axis through the alps.

Prosperity, poverty and migration are all issues related to the history of alp transit. Migration is a important part of history of the Valle di Blenio. People like Carlo Gatti or like Ernesto and Alfonso Cima were born in the Valle di BĂślenio, emigrated because of poverty and came back to the valley as rich people.

Nowadays the valley is located in between two major North-South connection through the alps, the Gotthard connection to the west and the San Bernardino connection to the east. For the Valle di Blenio, crossing the alps is not so important anymore as the train line and the car highway follow the other valleys. Without large transport infrastructure and powerful industrial companies, the Valle di Blenio today feels almost idyllic. But still the Lukmanier Pass leads from the Valle di Blenio to Disentis/Sedrun in GraubueÜnden’s Vorderrhein Valley (Lower Rhine Valley). The pass is open all year, winter and summer.

Source and more links: myswitzerland.com/en-ch/blenio-valley-valle-di-blenio.html bellinzonese-altoticino.ch/en/discover/territory/valle-di-blenio.html vallediblenio.ch en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenio en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenio_District de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valle_di_Blenio

Dangio The village of Dangio, which stands on a millenary alluvial sediment formed by the material of the Soya Valley, experienced several floods over the centuries, and in the night between 28 and 29 August 1908 the bridge, as well as the power plant and the buildings of the chocolate factory were damaged. Behind the village there is the historic hill of Ingerio, on the right the hill of Grumascio. In Ingerio, during several decades of the 20th century, the stonemasons extracted material from the rocks found in the region. Located on the border between Torre and Dangio is the famous chocolate factory Cima Norma. The San Salvatore brewery and the power station, which were also decisive for the economy, are worth mentioning. The location of these important infrastructures made Dangio more dependent on the municipality of Torre than on the municipality of Aquila, to which it belonged. However, it was Torre that benefited from Cima Norma from both a political and an economic point of view, thanks to the tax revenue that the municipality received and the residence of the owners of the factory. In Dangio you can also admire ancient buildings, including the stately building "Villa Assunta" and some frescoes.

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Background knowledge 2

Chocolate Factory "Cima Norma" Some descendants of a lineage of Blenian chocolatiers, Ernesto Cima di Dangio and his brothers, built in 1903 the "Fabrique de Chocolat Cima", the first industry in the area, which gave work (at times of greatest production) to over 300 people almost all Blenian, but also from Sottoceneri and Italy (who stayed in houses or in the infrastructure provided by the management). One year after the 1908 flood, the brothers rebuilt the power station, rebuilt the damaged bridge and restarted the chocolate factory, the "Cima Freres", enlarged thanks to the purchase of the buildings of the "San Salvatore" brewery. Giuseppe Pagani di Torre, who returned in 1904, was one of the promoters of the Biasca-Acquarossa railway and in 1913 acquired the Cima factory and a year later withdrew the machinery of the Norma factory in Zurich, from where the name of the Cima Norma chocolate factory was born. On the night of 4 and 5 November 1915 a fire destroyed the building, which in the years 1919-1920, Pagani rebuilt and expanded. In 1939 Pagani died and was succeeded by Francesco Antognini and Luigi Ferrazzini. Thanks to the contracts stipulated with the large consumer cooperatives -but also to the small shops-, to the progressively introduced avant-garde machinery, to the local labour force and to the railway in the valley, the Cima Norma factory knew from the beginning a strong and fast development also imposing itself on the national market. This development continued even after the Second World War, which reached its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, when 330 workers were employed in 1962, the majority of whom were women. A fierce competition, the consequent termination of many contracts with large cooperatives and various episodes, forced Cima Norma to close definitively in 1968. Today it is open to the public for visits on request, and provides its premises for the village festivals and for the needs of local craftsmen and companies; it also houses some lofts. The recent acquisition of the infrastructure and the initiatives promoted within it suggest that Cima Norma is destined to give back to the Valley what it was able to offer in the past from an economic and social point of view.

Source: comuneblenio.ch Translation: deepl.com Old postcard from Dangio:

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2 2Background Background knowledge knowledge

Social Socialinnovation innovation Text Text onon these these two two pages pages is is written written byby CIPRA CIPRA –– Living Living in in the the alps alps Promoting Promoting sustainable sustainable development development with with creative creative ideas ideas The The challenging challenging situations situations that that exist exist today today in the in the Alps Alps such such as as a population a population exodus, exodus, climate climate change change mitigation, mitigation, mobility, mobility, andand thethe consumption consumption of resources of resources cannot cannot be be solved solved through through technological technological progress progress alone; alone; instead, instead, they they require require social social change change too.too.

In its In its core core theme theme of ‘Social of ‘Social Innovation’, Innovation’, CIPRA CIPRA is tackling is tackling these these challenges challenges from from a societal a societal point point of view of view andand thethe potential potential that that lieslies within within society. society.

Personal Personal initiatives, initiatives, new new collaborations, collaborations, andand a backpack a backpack fullfull of ideas of ideas areare needed needed in order in order to bring to bring about about change change in social in social as as wellwell as as economic economic practices. practices.

Taking Taking center center stage stage is the is the vision vision of aofstrong a strong society society capable capable of carrying of carrying sustainable sustainable development development in the in the Alps Alps by by pooling pooling their their resources. resources.

Social Social innovations innovations comprise comprise new new approaches, approaches, combinations combinations andand forms forms of social of social interaction interaction in in order order to promote to promote sustainable sustainable development, development, good good governance governance andand quality quality of life of life in the in the Alps.

Alps.

At At thethe same same time, time, social social innovation innovation is also is also a process a process forfor coming coming up up with with new new ideas ideas andand enabling enabling people people to have to have a say a say in the in the fundamental fundamental choices choices made made by by society. society.

One One precondition precondition is that is that anyany such such choice choice must must benefit benefit society. society.

The The aimaim of CIPRA of CIPRA International International is to is use to use communication, communication, political political work work andand projects projects to promote to promote social social innovations innovations andand improve improve thethe outline outline conditions conditions forfor their their emergence emergence andand consolidation. consolidation.

It addresses It addresses social social issues issues such such as as pluralism, pluralism, thethe participation participation of of young young people, people, sustainable sustainable lifestyles lifestyles andand self-determination self-determination in various in various projects projects andand activities. activities.

Source: Source: cipra.org/en/topics/social-innovation cipra.org/en/topics/social-innovation

What What challenges, challenges, perspectives perspectives and and potentials potentials dodo peripheral peripheral areas areas have? have?

Here Here prospering prospering cities, cities, there there emptying emptying mountain mountain villages. villages.

Reality Reality is seldom is seldom as as clear clear as as thethe picture picture may may seem. seem.

It isIttrue is true that that peripheral peripheral regions regions often often record record smaller smaller growth growth figures figures than than those those with with a a central central function function - or- even or even negative negative ones. ones.

ButBut growth growth is not is not a parameter a parameter forfor quality quality of life. of life.

Many Many people people rediscover rediscover thethe qualities qualities of life of life in rural in rural areas. areas.

Unused Unused buildings, buildings, cheaper cheaper land land prices, prices, proximity proximity to nature to nature andand thethe smaller smaller social social fabric fabric offer offer space space forfor new new ideas ideas andand lifestyles. lifestyles.

The The "rural "rural renaissance" renaissance" is aissmall a small contribution contribution to bringing to bringing new new lifelife to half-empty to half-empty mountain mountain villages. villages.

With With openness openness andand willingness willingness to take to take risks, risks, newcomers newcomers andand residents residents create create their their living living space space together. together.

After After all,all, it isitalways is always people, people, their their skills skills andand competences competences who who areare decisive decisive forfor sustainable sustainable village village andand regional regional development development - taking - taking certain certain aspects aspects intointo account. account.

Using Using thethe existing existing - creating - creating thethe new new In order In order to counteract to counteract thethe aging aging of the of the rural rural population, population, a variety a variety of jobs of jobs andand work work models models areare needed needed that that meet meet thethe needs needs andand training training of young of young people people today, today, as as wellwell as as an an infrastructure infrastructure that that meets meets their their daily daily needs. needs.

The The French French organization organization Adrets, Adrets, forfor example, example, is developing is developing innovative innovative models models forfor thethe provision provision of basic of basic services services in peripheral in peripheral areas areas with with thethe "Maisons "Maisons de de services services au au public", public", which which combine combine various various commercial commercial andand non-commercial non-commercial services services under under oneone roof. roof.

Another Another success success factor factor is to is take to take existing existing natural natural resources resources intointo account account without without overusing overusing them them andand to add to add value value to them. to them.

In order In order to maintain to maintain value value creation creation in the in the region, region, different different people people need need to work to work together together across across sectoral, sectoral, organizational organizational andand administrative administrative boundaries. boundaries.

If, for If, for example, example,

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Background Background knowledge knowledge2 2

tourism tourism andand farmers' farmers' associations associations work work together, together, farmers farmers willwill notnot only only be be able able to sell to sell their their products products in the in the region, region, butbut they they willwill also also become become ambassadors ambassadors forfor thethe region. region.

Sharing Sharing responsibility responsibility Whether Whether an an initiative initiative bears bears fruit fruit often often depends depends in the in the initial initial phase phase on on individual individual committed committed people people with with a high a high willingness willingness to take to take risks. risks.

In the In the longer longer term, term, however, however, a project a project cancan only only be be successful successful if itifrests it rests on on many many shoulders, shoulders, is institutionalized is institutionalized andand professionally professionally managed. managed.

Encouragement Encouragement andand support support cancan come come from from inside inside as as wellwell as as from from outside outside - just - just as as financial financial support support from from inside inside as as wellwell as as from from outside outside is needed. is needed.

Well-networked Well-networked advocates advocates in the in the city,city, in the in the lowlands lowlands andand in in national national politics politics contribute contribute to the to the foundation foundation of sustainable of sustainable village village development development in peripheral in peripheral areas. areas.

Visible Visible successes successes motivate motivate people people to stick to stick to it. toSmall, it. Small, quickly quickly realizable realizable projects projects areare also also important important contributions: contributions: ForFor example, example, a renovated a renovated traditional traditional bread bread oven oven in Valendas, in Valendas, Switzerland, Switzerland, shows shows that that success success is possible is possible - and - and it brings it brings thethe population population together together to bake to bake bread bread together. together.

Source: Source: cipra.org/it/dossiers/abitare-e-lavorare cipra.org/it/dossiers/abitare-e-lavorareTranslation: Translation: deepl.com deepl.com

AA community community onon the the way way toto a better a better quality quality ofof lifelife NoNo prospects prospects at first: at first: The The municipality municipality of Alpwil of Alpwil hashas experienced experienced a steady a steady decline decline in recent in recent decades. decades.

Many Many inhabitants inhabitants have have moved moved away, away, houses houses areare empty, empty, thethe gardens gardens have have become become wild, wild, thethe village village shop shop hashas been been abandoned abandoned andand thethe village village center center hashas become become deserted. deserted.

A promotion A promotion as as a residential a residential location location or or tourist tourist destination destination does does notnot help. help.

Sustainable Sustainable village village development development is needed is needed forfor quality quality of life of life in in all all areas. areas.

Living, Living, working working andand leisure leisure should should be be able able to take to take place place in the in the village.] village.]

Then Then thethe change: change: Everything Everything under under oneone roof roof Paulina Paulina tells: tells: "People "People who who need need temporary temporary support support in everyday in everyday lifelife livelive in the in the attic. attic.

I look I look after after thethe flat-sharing flat-sharing community community as as a social a social pedagogue. pedagogue.

There There is aiscrรถaccrรถ heche on on thethe ground ground floor. floor.

Sometimes Sometimes wewe bake bake together together or play or play mill. mill.

Right Right next next door door is the is the health health center. center.

A doctor A doctor comes comes by by three three times times a week. a week.

In between In between is the is the municipal municipal administration, administration, andand there there areare freely freely available available workplaces workplaces that that cancan be be rented rented on on a daily a daily basis, basis, a library a library andand a post a post office." office."

Developing Developing together together "We "We developed developed all all thisthis together together at aatround a round table table with with thethe support support of aofcivic a civic association association andand external external moderators." moderators."

New New useuse of the of the existing existing "And "And here's here's mymy second second job.job.

The The oldold manor manor house house from from thethe 16th 16th century century waswas bought bought by by thethe association association andand transformed transformed intointo a museum. a museum.

WeWe show show thethe history history of the of the village, village, thethe region region andand give give information information about about thethe nature nature in the in the valley. valley.

I can't I can't believe believe how how many many guests guests from from near near andand far far areare interested! interested!

It'sIt's great great that that I can I can meet meet so so many many different different people people at my at my place place of residence." of residence."

New New lifelife "It's"It's a bit a bit likelike when when mymy grandmother grandmother used used to sell to sell vegetables vegetables in the in the village village square. square.

WeWe buybuy thethe vegetables vegetables now now in the in the organic organic shop, shop, butbut wewe meet meet here here again, again, exchange exchange news news andand heck heck outout oneone or or thethe other other idea. idea. (...)รถ(...)รถ Source: Source: Presentazione Presentazione interattiva: interattiva: cipra.org/de/dossiers/wohnen-und-arbeiten/portal_factory/ cipra.org/de/dossiers/wohnen-und-arbeiten/portal_factory/ Link/de/alpmonitor/presentation3/amo-it.html Link/de/alpmonitor/presentation3/amo-it.htmlTranslation: Translation: deepl.com deepl.com

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2 Background knowledge

Neighborhood Text on this page is written by Neustart Schweiz – Coming Home Neighborhood Thanks to the microcentre, an everyday household for about 500 people, connected to the land base to establish a large subsistence and food sovereignty.

"Neighborhood" is a clearly defined term in contrast to the usual, casual use. Neighborhood and proximity are ambivalent qualities: on the one hand they attract us, on the other hand they can trigger repulsion and disgust; skillful design with appropriate rules is therefore crucial; communal uses also need high quality (design, materials, buildings), a certain celebration. The size of the neighborhood is important for achieving degrees of freedom, e.g. in spatial distribution, work organization, economies and ecologies of scale.

The areas of living, working, supply and leisure are moving closer together in the neighborhood.

This makes a significant contribution to achieving ecologically compatible consumption of resources. All important services are within walking distance, which means that the neighborhood is integrated in circles for extended services, such as the valley and the city.

Ready for the Grand Hotel?

There are many possible ways to create socially and ecologically integrated neighborhoods. You can repopulate old town quarters, equip block rows in the agglomeration with micro-centers, rebuild barracks or hospitals, rebuild brown fields. But anyone who has ever visited a Grand Hotel or one of the all-inclusive resorts around the Mediterranean will notice that its infrastructure is similar to that of a neighborhood: everything is there, everything is close by, private space is scarce, but the shared rooms are generous.

Source: neustartschweiz.ch/Nach-Hause_kommen_Online-Version.pdf Translation: deepl.com

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Background knowledge 2

Results of 2018 Summer School 2018 The Summer School 2018 sets the basis for this year's Summer School 2019. A year ago the focus was on the very large scale of "Valle di Blenio". The students were asked study a new living concept for the Valle di Blenio. They suggested to give a closer look to the former chocolate factory building and its relation to five selected villas from the larger neighborhood. Those given buildings have a historical connection to each other. Therefore it was important to not only analyze the present resources and competencies but also the history. All the given individual pieces eventually formed the basis for a future scenario.

Team 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 The students have been working in five different teams. Each team was a inter cultural (Swiss and Taiwanese) and interdisciplinary (Architect, Landscape Architect, Urban Planer) composition. Each team was developing it's own scenario based on a proper analysis on what they were interested in.

Analysis Each team was asked to analyze the valley based on a series of criteria. There was no need to quickly find to a proposal. A good analysis needs time and it was important to get to know the valley before coming up with new ideas.

Different readings (technical, infrastructural, sensory, atmospheric, economic, and ecological) of the conditions and potentials of the valley would produce different scenarios in the end. At some point in the process one had to decide on the zoom factor. Both were possible, to look at the valley as a whole or to zoom-in on just one part of the territory.

First of all we all were interested in the bigger scale and bigger picture of Blenio Valley. The research therefore was as broad as possible. A positive and sustainable development could only happen, when there was a greater idea to the context.

Scenario Based on the analysis, each team was creating a scenario based on viable argumentation for what the scenario will achieve for the Blenio Valley. Within the Summer School we were not bound solely to realistic proposals but the goal was to create a wide palette of well thought through, useful, innovative and interesting ideas that lead to a scenario weaving together societal, ecological and economical needs.

At the end of ten days of Summer School they all presented their line of thoughts with a final proposal. The results show a large variety of different scenarios: - Team 1: TERRITORY: GROWING LOCAL FOOD - Team 2: VILLAS: PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC SPACE - Team 3: HOUSING: IN DANGIO-TORRE - Team 4: THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY BUILDING - Team 5: COLLABORATION: ARTISTS AND CRAFTSMEN The results of Team 3 and 5 are shortly presented on the following pages.

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Team 3 Housing: In Dangio-Torre Summary Team 3 looks at the neighborhood in walking distance and makes a proposal for bringing life back to Dangio and Torre. By analyzing age and use of the existing buildings the team understands where there could be improvements on an architectural and urbanistic level. Both an activation of vacant houses through architects and an intergenerational living model are ideas for trading free rent with other values.

Keywords - Master plan for a New living concept - Uninhabited houses and villas, how to bring to live?

- Insert different type of people for different type of housing - Housing typology, types of buildings - Different groups of population, integration - Old people, integration of old people - Cooperative housing - Hostels - Students , Refugees - Area of intervention is in-between the roads

Team 3: Analysis / Mapping

Dangio

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Team 3: Analysis / Mapping

1970

Dangio

Torre

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2 Background knowledge

CASE STUDY

- Tatsuno cho

Team 3: Scenario / Proposal

3

Case study: Tatsuno cho: Activation of vacant houses

The owner of the house a contract the architect provide ahouse five yearsigned rent- a contract with the archite act with the architect tovacant provide a signed five-year rent-free Thewith owner rent of thetovacant free rent for the architect to use. for the architect to use. on of the house and provided the for first ofThe the architect house was responsible forofthe The architect was responsible thefloor renovation of the house and provided the first floor the renovation of the house an house as a public use for the community. as a public use for the community. an office. The second floor is for the architect to use as an The second floor is for the architect to use as an office. office. ased on the current situation. This can maintain After thefive years, the rent can be determined based on the curren After five years, the rent can be determined based on the current situation. This can maintain the c events in quality the local community. quality of vacant homes and provide space for public events in the loca of vacant homes and provide space for public events in the local community.

Activation of vacant houses / Public use on the ground floor level

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CASE STUDY

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- "Netherlands" sharing symbiosis, different old homes

Team 3: Scenario / Proposal

The Dean proposed an exchange program that allows students to spend 30 hours each month to acc the elderly in the"Netherlands" hospital in exchange for free accommodation.

Case study: sharing symbiosis: Intergenerational

housing: with grandfather, grandmother as roommate ect to provide a five-year rent-free rent injects new vitality into the life of the elderly. At the same time, it can also solve the econ This model

nd provided the first

nt situation. This can al community.

problems of youngan friends, and program gain valuable life experience from the30 communication withtothe elderly, form The dean proposed exchange that allows students to spend hours each month kind of An interactive model without generation gaps. floor accompany of the house the elderly in the hospital in exchange for free accommodation.

This model injects new vitality into the life of the elderly. At the same time, it can also solve the economic problems of young friends, and gain valuable life experience from the communication with the elderly, forming a kind of an interactive model without generation gaps. maintain the

Intergenerational housing / Win-win synergies

Dangio

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2 Background knowledge

Team 5 Collaboration: Artists and Craftsmen Summary Team 5 shows an idea of how work by artists in residence at the factory would bring added value to the valley. Artists combined with local craftsmen bring a huge potential of unique work with high quality. A local network combined with a network to the greater region, like back in the days, could make the valley great again. The municipality or the tourism office could initiate projects in collaboration with the factory.

Keywords - Construction companies - Traditional craft shops - Artists - Local specialties, food

Team 5: Analysis / Mapping

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Team 5: Analysis / Mapping

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2 Background knowledge

Team 5: Scenario / Proposal Creating a system that can be adapted to every given situation.

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Team 5: Scenario / Proposal

Idea: Happy village

Idea: Sleepy river

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3 Project brief

Task Overview Team 3 and 5 have presented two concepts on which we would like to build. They will set the basis of our workshop and it's output. From there we can work on and reach further depth and a realistic scenario.

Team 3 has recognized that the village center of Dangio is partially abandoned. Lack of work and prospects have led to depopulation. The changed standards of living and the use of the car are further reasons for this. The dream of living in a singular family house surrounded by a private garden and a garage for the car, brought people out of the center of the village. However, the existing buildings in the center are culturally valuable and offer a lot of development potential.

The association "Neustart Schweiz" proposes to live in neighborhoods because quality of life combines with sustainability. This is why we would like to give one of the houses a new lease of life. The Summer School functions like a mini-semester. In ten days we will be planning a small but comprehensive project for one particular house. With the idea of Team 5, the project could be realized with local craftsmen after the Summer School.

The idea One particular house, which we will study more closely, should be exemplary for the development in the Valle di Blenio. We are interested in the large scale and would like to develop the project as an example for the whole valley. With innovative and creative ideas we would like to imagine a transformation of one house. As a single project, the house will ultimately serve as a model and lighthouse for the region. Ideally we can make a contribution to a sustainable development of the village and the valley and work against the depopulation. Sustainability should weave together societal, ecological and economical needs. The title is our goal: Re-Innovation for Re-Population.

The house On the next pages you see images of the house that you will be proposing an intervention for.

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Drone perspective of Dangio 2018:

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3 Project brief

House

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3 Project brief

Design Future scenario The task is about making a suggestion for a new living concept for one house in the center of Dangio. The future scenario should act on many levels and include many facettes. We are interested in the bigger scale and the bigger picture of Valle di Blenio. The project therefore should not only focus on the building, but also support an overall idea for all of the three: House - Village - Valley. We will search for meaningful relationships between House and Village, between Village and Valley and between House and Valley. We think a all inclusive sustainable development can only happen, when there is a greater idea to the context. Please think about the following questions and remarks: - What makes your scenario specific to the location, what is the strong identity, what are the characteristics given by the site and created by the scenario?

- Low pre-investment and low start-up costs are most realistic. Be aware of budget / costs - Longterm development (there is no economic pressure for short-term development), make phasing possible, step by step development.

- How could your scenario change over time (day to night, seasons, years)?

- What is the potential of public transport, is there possible alternative concepts for motorized private transport, how could the private car be integrated in your scenario? รถ - Is the project self-sufficient or is there additional infrastructure needed to make the scenario work well?

- For whom are you designing/not designing? (We don't want to think of housing for commuters and don't want to go in to the direction of leisure and tourism) - Is your scenario integrating the idea of social exchange, mixed use, alternative way of uses?

How do you combine public and private?

- Can your scenario stay within the borders of the existing building regulation, is it possible to densify on the plot?

Design There are many different aspects to design. The large group of students will divide into different small groups for a specialization. The ideas and results of the small groups will later be exchanged and brought together to one design project. It is important that the vision for the whole doesn't get lost on the way. Try to think the small scale intervention in a creative way as a big scale urban development. Social sustainability should be achieved through spacial design and program. Ideally the house generates a value to the public space surrounding the house.

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Design decisions - Analyzing and understanding the history of the building - Demolition (of parts of the building) - Replacement (of parts of the building) - Extension (of parts of the building) - Which elements to preserve, until what year to preserve?

- What are the possible design languages for such a building?

Design to improve - Earthquake stability - Supporting structure - Fire escape regulations - Wheel chair accessibility - Energy, insulation, heating, cooling

Design with a program - Mixed use / mixed functions, Complementary functions - Private vs. public (ground floor vs. upper floors) - Upper floors: Housing for 1 family and housing for 1 single person (either young or old) - Income for the family: Ground floor program - Ground floor: Public program, Semi-public program, Shared space/rent - Ground floor: Hairdresser, Cosmetician, Cafe, Bed & Breakfast, day nursery, vending machines - Ground floor: Workshop, repair cafe, small production of goods - Participative possibilities, places for meeting and social exchange?

- No utopian program, on which your entire concept is depending on, no tourism only - Only things that are economically viable, no seasonal dependency

Design in elements - Mainly designing the circulation and integrating the public part of the program - Circulation / stairs / ramps / elevator - Elements for the public, such as the facade / window / balcony / terrace - Potentially leave certain elements undesigned, such as the roof - Such as the rooms / spaces / built in furniture - Such as the kitchen / fireplace / bathroom - Such as the colors / materials

Design the exterior - Public vs. private, exterior design vs. interior design - Furniture outdoor - Planting - Shading - Pavement - Parking needed / not needed, other elements?

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3 Project brief

Information Measuring One of the first tasks and part of the research is to measure the existing house and all it's parts and to draw an exact plan of it. This plan will set the basis to design our intervention on the house.

Printout You will receive a set of printed plans to work with. There is plain paper and sketch paper to work with. In case you would like to print more relevant plans and documents, there will be a printer.

Digital You will get access to a selection of digital plans and documents that will be helpful during your design process. All the information from the previous Summer School 2018 will be shared as well. In addition we recommend using the web links written in this document to start off with your own individual research.

References As you are designing the project, please consider historical, contemporary, built and unbuilt projects. References and even more precedents can help to push you forward in your work.

Learn from references such as the ones on the following pages. They may serve as (successful) precedents. More image material can be found Online in the provided folders.

Requirements for the final review - Presentation of a project that can be told like a story or a vision - A full set of plans (sections, elevations), scale 1:50 on A2 of the existing building - A full set of plans (sections, elevations), scale 1:50 on A2 of the project - A site plan of the surroundings, scale 1:200 - A site plan of the village Dangio, scale 1:500 - An urban section through the whole village, scale 1:200 - Visualizations of the project, montage, collage, render, perspective A3 - Diagrams, sketches, mind maps, text, keywords to explain the scenario conceptually - And other, to be defined

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Plans of the house Ground floor

1st floor

2nd floor

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4 Research

References "The rock is my home�, Werner Blaser 1976 For Werner Blaser, it is a very special concern to know how to preserve the anonymous architecture of the mountains. According to Blaser, it is not just a matter of individual outstanding objects, which can be placed under monument protection, but the entire picture of settlements and assemblies which we have to save, especially against decay, for their own sake because of the harmonious uniform use of the building material as a whole. The old, solid, creative buildingthought, created by an inherited form-feeling, is exemplified by the architect of our time, who speaks through his photographs. These natural stone buildings are not adorned with anything foolish, their nature is strict constructive discipline.

Source: socks-studio.com/2017/02/04/matter-structure-and-form-of-life-der-fels-ist-mein-hausby-werner-blaser-1976/

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Research 4

"La Costruzione del territorio nel Cantone Ticino", Aldo Rossi 1979. Settlements and vernacular architecture within the territory of Ticino. Image below taken in old Dangio. Source: Book scan

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4 Research

"Atlante dell’edilizia rurale in Ticino: Valle di Blenio", Giovanni Buzzi 1993. Atlas of rural building in Ticino. This book is about the Valle di Blenio. Source: Book scan

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Exploded axonometry of a typical log construction

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Recompositions in Sceru and Giumello, Ticino, Martino Pedrozzi 2019. Sceru and Giumello are two mountain pastures located at 2,000 meters above sea level.

The architectural intervention addresses the ruins of farms on these mountainsides, and consists in the rearrangement of the fallen stones within their original perimeter. The reconstruction of the ruins protects the landscape by re-establishing the farms as reference points in the territory, restoring the public space of this place. The interventions physically manifest themselves as a redefinition of the volumes of the ruins, like a reshaping of the surrounding space or work with the landscape, carried out for its users. However, their most significant contribution is immaterial and consists in a tribute to the civilizations that preceded us.

These acts of recomposition address the issue of abandonment, a constant phenomenon in human history as a result of wars, climate change, economic vicissitudes or natural disasters.

In this case, abandonment is due to the disappearance of mountain settlements geared to an Alpine economy. Our project offers a real alternative to numerous attempts in the recent past to redevelop and revitalize these realities. It was carried out exclusively on a voluntary basis, with the participation of friends, students, families, colleagues and other people involved in the project.

The owners of the farms affected by these interventions, the landowners and the local population in general leapt at the idealism and effectiveness of a project that addresses a reality in which they are emotionally invested. We have received numerous requests to take part in upcoming interventions.

The project offers a concise, economical response to the specific need to give a new meaning to abandoned pasture land. It also satisfies the need for an appropriate epilogue to the life cycle of the farms and the civilization they represent. Factors such as simplicity, durability, participation, idealism, constancy and beauty guarantee the lasting value of these interventions, helping to strengthen the scenic appeal of the place and, above all, consolidating the presence of positive values in its society.

Source: transfer-arch.com/works/recompositions/

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Research 4

Before and after

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4 Research

Teamakers Guest House Competition The Teamaker’s Guest House competition called for design proposals for an eco-friendly, cost-effective accommodations to house visitors to the Ozolini teamakers retreat, which is sited in a forest 100 kilometers southeast of the Latvian capital city of Riga. The retreat and tea farm is a popular destination for meditation and eco-fitness seekers, surrounded by a landscape of wetlands, meadows, pastures, trees, and a lake.

As an eco-tourist destination, the retreat must by definition be sustainable, and have a positive impact on its environment. The chosen competition site was focused on the remains of a twostory stone barn built in 1850 once used for drying and storing tea. Participants were given the option to retain the stone barn, or to re-imagine it in a new way. As the winning projects will be considered for construction, design proposals were judged for their sensitivity to the existing site and its natural environment, for their use of sustainable materials, and their constructibility.

Source: beebreeders.com/architecturecompetitions/teamakersguesthouse

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4 Research

Venice Biennale 2014: Elements of Architecture, Rem Koolhaas Elements of Architecture pays close attention to the fundamentals of our buildings, used by any architect, anywhere, anytime: the floor, the wall, the ceiling, the roof, the door, the window, the facade, the balcony, the corridor, the fireplace, the toilet, the stair, the escalator, the elevator, the ramp...

Under near-microscopic attention, the apparently mundane elements of architecture are revealed as unstable compounds of cultural preferences, forgotten symbolism, technological advances, mutations spawned by intensifying global exchange, climatic considerations, fluctuating thresholds of comfort, mythical desires, political calculations, regulatory requirements, neoliberal economics, new digital regimes, and, somewhere in the mix, the ideas of the architect.

Source: archdaily.com/484728/latest-details-released-on-koolhaas-venice-biennale-2014fundamentals

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Furka Blick, Uri, OMA

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Casa Mosogno, Ticino, Buchner Bruendler Located on a steep slope in the deep Onsernone valley in Ticino, is an ensemble of stone houses, which has been extended over generations and unoccupied for many years. The ensemble is perched on a mountain ridge, screened from the village of Mosogno di Sotto situated higher up, while opening up to the green valley with a terrace. The client, familiar with the way of life typical in Ticino, asked for a residential house to be developed from the ensemble using simple means.

The condition, primarily of the main house of the ensemble, was poor, with all timber elements such as beam constructions or intermediate floors in a state of dilapidation. The main building was therefore turned into a summer house, while the annex – better preserved than the main building – was converted to a winter living space. The longer the stone houses were examined, the more evident it became that the history of the main building played a major role for the ensemble. Instead of disappearing behind a layer of white plastering, the traces of the building's history are now clear to see. Due to the state of disrepair, the classical small-chamber structure of the main building was dismantled and replaced by a large summer hall extending across two storeys, with the walls bearing witness to the original usages of past inhabitants. Plastering and structures of living spaces are visible at the top and the naked stones of the wine cellar below, with a wall fragment bearing a chimney in the middle, enclosed by a metal frame supporting the wall fragment and bracing the walls of the house. Since it was not possible to retain the wooden roof construction, the summer hall is covered by a corrugated steel roof instead. This rests on a steel framework and provides protection from the weather. The air, sounds and atmospheric changes in the immediate surroundings are hence perceptible inside.

The awning projecting from the protective roof covering towards the valley calls to mind the old, decayed pergola. Adjacent to this, is a bathroom in a small structure next to the summer hall: it was also not possible to save the wood here, which is why the building is now enclosed by a concrete cupola. The newly extended terrace facing the valley rests on a dry stone wall. The wooden beam construction of the annex towards the west was found to be intact all the way up to the roof. A living space finished with an interior of dark-painted wood was inserted in the annex on cams. The climatically and energy-controlled volume serves as a space for cooking, eating, sleeping and sheltering from winter weather. Local craftsmen who still have access to the skills of traditional stone house building played an essential role in the project. Respectful handling of the historic substance was of great importance. The conversion was a balancing act between authenticity and the picturesque – an attempt to retain the atmosphere and identity of the place through specific interventions.

Source: bbarc.ch/en/casa-mosogno-1?cat=Bau

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House C, Wallis, Camponovo Baumgartner

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Psychiaty, Gent, De Vylder Vinck Taillieu

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Haus am Schedlberg, Arnbruck, Peter Haimerl

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Refugi Lieptgas, Flims, Selina Walder Georg Nickisch

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5 Annex

Notes Detailed schedule for Lucerne day trip on Monday, September 2nd 7:30 Private bus to Biasca 0.5h 8:00 Lecture in Biasca: Dante Caprara, Beba Grob 1.5h 9:30 Private bus to Lucerne 2h 11:30 Tourist visit in Lucerne (and lunch) 14:00 Lecture in Lucerne: Alex Willener 1.5h Institute of Sociocultural Development, Raum 143, Werftestrasse 1, 6002 Luzern 15:30 Tourist visit in Lucerne 18:00 Private bus to Dangio 2h

Things to visit in Lucerne - KKL Lucerne by Jean Nouvel - Train station by Santiago Calatrava - Kapellbruecke (Chapel Bridge) - Bourbaki Panorama - Loewendenkmal (Lion Monument) - Ufschuetti Strand (Lake Beach / Park)

Things to visit with the bike on Thursday, September 7th - Museum: Museo di Valle di Blenio, in Lottigna, Museum about the history of the valley museodiblenio.vallediblenio.ch - Cinema and Theater: Cinema-Teatro Blenio, in Acquarossa, by Giampiero Mina, 1958 cinemablenio.vallediblenio.ch - Cheese dairy factory and shop: Caseificio Toira, via Lucomagno 91, 6718 Olivone caseificiotoira.ch - Centro Pro Natura Lucomagno, on the Lukmanier pass, by Rino Tami, 1956 pronatura-lucomagno.ch - Church: San Carlo di Negrentino, close to Acquarossa, a swing bridge leads you there ticinotopten.ch/en/monuments/church-negrentino - Lake: Lago di Luzzone, reservoir / artifical lake, 1963 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lago_di_Luzzone

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