NOVEMBER 2, 2023 | LISTEN LIVE EDUCATION CONCERT DAVID IN-JAE CHO, MUSIC DIRECTOR
REALMS
EXPLORING MUSICAL WORLDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS REALMS pg. 1-2
TCHAIKOVSKY’S
WORLD pg. 7
CLASS ACTIVITY & RESOURCES
pg. 14
CREDITS & SPECIAL THANKS
pg. 19
MAGICAL
MOZART pg. 3-4
STRAVINSKY’S
WORLD
MOZART’S
VIOLIN
CONCERTO pg. 5
THE
FANTASTIC
MEET OUR
GUEST ARTIST pg. 6
ARTS
FIREBIRD
INSPIRED
CONCERT ORCHESTRA ETIQUETTE
GLOSSARY
pg. 8
pg. 9-12
INSTRUMENTS OF THE pg. 15
pg. 16
pg. 13
pg. 17-18
To listen to the music examples included in this guidebook, visit lubbocksymphony.org/education THE FIREBIRD CONCERT VOUCHER This voucher is good for two complimentary tickets for the full performance of The Firebird on Saturday, November 4, 2023. The Concert will begin at 7:30 PM. Must be redeemed by 4:00 PM on Friday, November 3 by calling the LSO Box Office at (806) 762-1688.
REALMS
EXPLORING MUSICAL WORLDS Listen Live Education Concert | Lubbock Symphony Orchestra David In-Jae Cho, Music Director | November 2, 2023 The Buddy Holly Hall of Performing Arts & Sciences
CONCERT REPERTOIRE Francesca da Rimini | Tchaikovsky Violin Concerto No. 5 | Mozart (Featuring Chee-Yun Kim, Violin) Firebird Suite | Stravinsky Certain images in this book are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and are restricted from further use.
Think about the last time you heard your favorite song. Have you ever been listening to it and felt like you were in a completely different place? Maybe you had a tough day, and then heard a song that helped you feel better. That is the power of music! It can calm you down or make you want to dance. It can make you want to laugh or cry. Music can even remind you of special times with friends and family. No matter if you listen at home or at a live concert, music can create amazing experiences for the listener. The theme of this guidebook is called Realms. Now, what exactly is a realm? Well, there is more than one meaning. A realm can be a particular type of knowledge, a world, a royal kingdom, or a community. If you are a fan of Marvel movies, a realm can even be a planet! For now, think of a realm as a very special world where anything is possible.
THINK ABOUT IT!IT! THINK ABOUT
CanCan youyou name 3 examples ofof a arealm? name 3 examples realm?
Asgard, one of the nine realms from the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Image from Thor: Ragnarok (2017). Disney/Marvel.
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“Pinwheel Galaxy” by the European Space Agency & NASA is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
Composers are professional people that write music. Think of them as artists, but instead of paint, they use sound to create art that we can hear. Composers need to have inspiration before they can begin writing their music. Once they are inspired, they work hard to find the right sounds to create their musical artwork. Today, we will explore the music of Mozart, Tchaikovsky, and Stravinsky. You will quickly discover that each composer is unique. They are from different time periods, and each had important ideas about music. None of the musical examples you hear in the guidebook will sound the same. In fact, Mozart, Tchaikovsky, and Stravinsky have created their own realm, or world of sound! The Lubbock Symphony Orchestra invites you to attend our Listen Live Education Concert on November 2nd, 2023, at Buddy Holly Hall. You will learn so much! But you will also hear some fantastic music. Enjoy reading the guidebook, and let the music take you to a whole new realm!
The Christine DeVitt Lobby at the Buddy Holly Hall.
The Helen DeVitt Jones Theater at the Buddy Holly Hall.
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MAGICAL MOZART Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) is one of the most famous names in all music history. For over 250 years, the impact of his music has been felt around the world. Composers still study him, and professional symphonies still perform his music. Although he only lived for 35 years, he left behind an amazing collection of music for us to enjoy.
Unfinished portrait of Mozart (1782) by Joseph Lange.
Mozart was composer, conductor, pianist, and violinist from Salzburg, Austria. At just 3 years old, Mozart already showed special musical talent. He had an amazing ear and could hear the difference between notes on the piano. Mozart grew up in a musical family and was considered a child prodigy. By age 5, he was already writing his own music! Mozart and his sister were both talented, and their father noticed. He wanted to share their talent with the world. Soon, they went on a tour and performed across Europe! During the concerts, Mozart would improvise at the piano. This means he would make up the music he was playing. Audiences were so impressed!
The Mozart family on tour, (1763) portrait by Louis Carrogis dit Carmontelle.
AMSTERDAM
During his travels, Mozart was introduced to different types of music, art, and culture. This helped him to create new music. For example, his Symphony No. 31 is called the “Paris” Symphony and Violin Concerto No. 5 is known as the “Turkish”. We will learn more about that piece later!
The Mozart family’s “grand” tour across Europe.
LONDON
BRUSSELS
PARIS SALZBURG
3
GENEVA
Mozart’s Birthplace in Salzburg, Austria
Salzburg, Austria
Listening to Mozart’s music is a magical experience, and he creates his own realm of sound. It is energetic and exciting, but also calming and beautiful. During his career, Mozart wrote over 600 pieces! He was truly gifted at writing different types of music, such as operas, symphonies, concertos, and string quartets. With that much amazing music to choose from, it is hard not to find something you like. Now, let’s learn about the Violin Concerto No. 5 on the next page!
Statue of Mozart (1898)
FUN FACTS ABOUT MOZART He composed 100 pieces by the age of 18. He wrote Divertimento No. 11 the same month that the American Declaration of Independence was written, July 1776! Mozart was friends with another famous composer, Joseph Haydn (1732-1809). His least favorite instrument was the trumpet. Historians think he may have been afraid of the trumpet sound as a child! Check out this video to hear Mozart’s violin being played today! https://youtu.be/ hszdoFI1pWI?si=3hDschKgnKDcS6iw
Mozart’s Violin (2020), photo by Nadine Kroepfl.
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MOZART’S VIOLIN CONCERTO Mozart’s Violin Concerto No. 5 is one of the most popular solo pieces for the violin. It was written in 1775 when Mozart was only 19 years old. Almost 250 years later, it is still performed all over the world. Some professional symphonies even ask to hear it for auditions! Listen to this energetic excerpt from the first movement. SOLO VIOLIN
A concerto is music written for a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra. The music is challenging and shows off the skills of the soloist. It is very impressive to watch! A concerto usually has 3 parts to it called movements. Check out the chart below!
MOVEMENTS OF A CONCERTO 1. FAST & DRAMATIC 2. SLOW & EXPRESSIVE A monument to Mozart and his violin in Spain.
3. FAST & ENERGETIC
Violin Concerto No. 5 became known as the “Turkish” Concerto. This is because the 3rd movement has a special section that sounds like we have traveled to a distant land! Mozart changes the character of the music for this part. Pay attention to the cellos and basses as they do a technique called col lengo, where they hit the strings with the stick of the bow! CELLO
BASS
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MEET OUR GUEST VIOLINIST, CHEE-YUN KIM! What inspired you to start playing the violin? As the youngest of four children, I grew up listening to my older siblings play instruments and naturally i wanted to play one too, especially the piano. But shortly after starting the piano lessons at the age of 5, I was encouraged to quit since my oldest sister, who was a child prodigy, needed to practice for the competitions and we only had one piano in the house. My second oldest sister was playing the violin at the time but she hated practicing it, so I took over her violin lessons as a favor. You have performed in beautiful venues all over the world. Could you tell us about one of your most memorable performances? It’d have to be playing at the White House for President Clinton and his guests for a concert representing the future musicians of America at the National Medal of the Arts. If you were not a professional violinist, what career do you think you would have? I’m passionate about music so if I couldn’t play the violin for a living, I’d love to be able to help the musicians as a manager/ promoter/presenter. What advice would you offer to students considering a career in music? This is a difficult one to answer as everyone has different paths but if you’re truly passionate about music and willing to prioritize it above everything else, I believe you’ll find your own path. Who are your favorite composers and why do they inspire you? I’m currently working on music by Piazzolla, Ravel and Saint-Saëns. I love their music because they are complex, imaginative, challenging and passionate! Which genres of music do you enjoy besides classical? I love listening to vocal jazz, especially female singers. Billie Holiday, Laura Fygi, Diana Krall, Norah Jones and Melody Gardot are some of my favorite singers to listen to when I’m driving a car or cooking.
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TCHAIKOVSKY’S WORLD
Tchaikovsky in 1888.
Piotr (Peter) Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) is known as one of the most famous Russian composers in music history. He wrote a variety of music, such as symphonies, operas, concertos, and ballet. You might already know one of his most popular ballets called The Nutcracker, which is performed during the Christmas season! From an early age, he showed a strong interest in music. Tchaikovsky started writing music with his older sister at just 4 years old! Soon, he would start lessons for piano, voice, and composition. Tchaikovsky was very talented, and was accepted to St. Petersburg Conservatory in Russia, which is a special music school. He was inspired by Italian opera and the music of Mozart and Beethoven.
Painting of Francesca (1837) by William Dyce
Tchaikovsky is famous for beautiful melodies and creating drama and emotion in his music. He was gifted at using music to help tell a story. Below is an excerpt from a piece called Francesca da Rimini. It tells the story of Francesca, a beautiful Italian girl from a town called Rimini. She was forced to marry someone she did not love. It is a very dramatic story, but Tchaikovsky creates the perfect realm of sound for it. This clarinet solo captures the emotions of Francesca.
SOLO CLARINET
Unfortunately, Francesca’s story quickly becomes dark and scary. This next excerpt is from a more dramatic moment in the piece, where the strings play very fast notes! VIOLIN I
VIOLIN II
VIOLA
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STRAVINKSY’S WORLD The next Russian composer we will learn about is Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971). Just like Tchaikovsky, Stravinsky started music at an early age. He was born into a musical family and took lessons for piano and music theory. Later, he would discover his talent for writing music. While attending college, Stravinsky began composition lessons with another famous Russian composer named Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov.
Portrait of Igor Stravinsky (1915) by Jacques-Émile Blanche
Stravinsky in 1962.
Stravinsky lived to be almost 90 years old! During that time, huge changes happened all around the world. Stravinsky was deeply affected by World War I and the Russian Revolution. However, he experienced nearly a century of different types of art, music, and cultures. All of that was put into his music! He wrote symphonies, concertos, and ballet music. One of his most famous pieces is called The Firebird. The Firebird made a huge impact on the world of music. Stravinsky wanted to bring different art forms together, and The Firebird was perfect for it! He worked with a ballet director named Sergei Diaghilev to create a masterpiece! With beautiful costumes, talented dancers and Stravinsky’s music, The Firebird is unlike anything you have ever seen or heard. So, get ready to travel with us to a new realm. Turn the page to learn the incredible story of The Firebird! Painting of Korsakov (1898) by Valentin Serov.
Painting of Sergei Diaghilev (1906) by Léon Bakst.
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THE FANTASTIC FIREBIRD
Cover for The Collection of Fairy Tales (1910) by Ivan Bilibin.
Scenery sketch of the magical forest (1910) by Aleksandr Golovin for the premiere production of The Firebird.
The Firebird premiered on June 25th, 1910, in Paris and was a huge success! Stravinsky wrote the music for this ballet and made a new realm of sound! The inspiration for the story comes from a mix of Russian fairy tales or folklore. Although the music is meant to be performed for the ballet, Stravinsky created other versions that can be played on their own! The one you will hear is from 1945. As you read the story, listen to the musical examples, and imagine that you are watching the ballet. And now, it’s story time! Once upon a time, in a faraway land, lived the brave Prince Ivan. One day, Prince Ivan decided to go hunting. He wandered into a dark forest. Little did he know, he had just entered a magical and mysterious forest with surprises waiting for him. Listen to the sound of the cellos and basses as Prince Ivan begins his journey.
CELLO & BASS
Prince Ivan traveled further into the forest. Suddenly, a flash of color appeared near the treetops. It was the most beautiful bird he had ever seen. A giant creature with shiny red and orange feathers. Prince Ivan had found the Firebird! Listen to the piccolo, flute, and clarinet as they create the sound of the Firebird fluttering through the sky! PICCOLO
FLUTE
CLARINET
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Prince Ivan gets the feather from the Firebird.
Prince Ivan decided to capture the Firebird while she was eating golden apples from the tree. Begging to be released, she offers him one of her magical feathers. She tells him it will protect him throughout his journey. Prince Ivan lets her go and keeps the feather. Prince Ivan continues hunting in the forest. Soon, he discovers an incredible castle. This is the castle of King Kashchey, an evil wizard who can turn people into stone. He also keeps a magical egg which holds a piece of his soul and all his power. As Prince Ivan explores, he finds 13 princesses. They are trapped within the castle garden, and not allowed to leave. He meets one of the beautiful princesses and falls in love.
The Firebird Triple Bill, The Royal Ballet @ Royal Opera House, United Kingdom, December 2012. Photo by Tristram Kenton.
13 dancing princesses, Petrushka & The Firebird, Sofia National Opera and Ballet, Bulgaria, April 2022.
King Kashchey’s Castle. Based on a Russian castle, Dormition Cathedral in Rostov.
Below is an excerpt from Dance of the Princesses. The violins use a special technique called spiccato, where the bow bounces on the string. Listen and imagine the princesses dancing and laughing in the garden. VIOLIN I
VIOLIN II
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King Kashchey traps the princesses and Prince Ivan. The Firebird, Mariinsky Ballet, Mariinsky Theatre, Russia, 1994.
Prince Ivan wants to help the all the princesses escape. But they warn him that if he tries, King Kashchey will turn him into stone. Suddenly, King Kashchey sees Prince Ivan in the garden, and sends his monsters to capture him! King Kashchey begins to turn Prince Ivan into stone. But just in time, he remembers the feather from the magical Firebird! He takes it out and calls for help. Then, the fantastic Firebird comes to the rescue!
The Firebird comes to defeat the monsters. The Firebird, New York City Ballet, 2017. Photo by Paul Kolnik.
The Firebird puts a powerful spell on King Kashchey and the monsters. The spell makes them do a crazy dance! The excerpt below is called Infernal Dance. The rhythm of the dance is very strange and uses something called syncopation. This happens when music is not played on the beat and makes a cool effect! HORN II
HORN IV
The Firebird puts King Kashchey to sleep. The Firebird, Mariinsky Ballet, Mariinsky Theatre, Russia, 1994.
BASSOON SOLO
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The spell makes King Kashchey and his monsters dance faster and faster until all their energy is gone! They are so tired that they fall on the ground and begin to sleep. Stravinsky changes the music to match this scene perfectly. Listen to the dreamy sound of the bassoon solo.
The Firebird, American Ballet Theater, Metropolitan Opera House, 2016. Photo by Andrea Mohin/ The New York Times.
The Faberge Firebird Egg from the House of Igor Carl Faberge, produced by the Franklin Mint. Photo by Burchard Galleries.
The Firebird helps Prince Ivan find the magical egg which holds the king’s power and breaks it! King Kashchey’s powers are broken, and he and the monsters are destroyed. Prince Ivan races back to the castle to rescue the princesses and they all lived happily ever after! The strings add to this moment of celebration with another technique called tremolo. This happens when the bow shakes quickly on the string.
VIOLIN
Prince Ivan lives happily ever after. The Firebird, Mariinsky Ballet, Mariinsky Theatre, Russia, 1994.
We can’t wait for you to hear the exciting finale of The Firebird at the concert! 12
ARTS INSPIRED Close your eyes for a moment and think about the word art. What images came to your mind? Did you think of paintings in a museum? Well, that is one type of art. But there are so many more! Art can be found all around us every day. Here is one way to define art: something that is created with imagination and skill and that is beautiful or that expresses important ideas or feelings. When we think of art this way, the possibilities become endless! Throughout the guidebook, we learned about realms. We know that this can have different meanings. Think of art the same way. There can be different realms of art. For example, look at the design to the left. It is made up of different types of art, such as painting, music, poetry, ballet and acting. Although these are different, they are all connected! Remember how Stravinsky combined his music with ballet? He created a whole new realm! Composers, dancers, singers, and artists can all do that, and the results are amazing! To create art, all you need is inspiration! The composers in the guidebook were all inspired to make their music. You can find inspiration too. Visit a local museum. Attend a symphony concert with your family and friends. Start learning a new instrument. Artistic inspiration can happen anywhere. Be creative and find new ways to explore different realms of art.
CHECK OUT THESE LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS TO STAY CONNECTED TO THE ARTS AND MUSIC: Ballet Lubbock, balletlubbock.org Louise Hopkins Underwood Center for the Arts (LHUCA), lhuca.org Lubbock Cultural Arts Foundation, lubbockculturalarts.org/events
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CLASS ACTIVITIES The theme of this guidebook is Realms: Exploring Musical Worlds. We have explored many different realms of art and music, so let’s make the connection! Please read the guidebook on your own and then discuss it as a class. PRE-CONCERT PREPARATION Listen to all 10 musical examples at lubbocksymphony.org/education Share your thoughts about the music! What did you enjoy about it? Has anyone ever heard of these composers before? If so, share what you know! Review all the glossary terms FIREBIRD ACTIVITY Pick a Partner! Read the story of the Firebird to each other and listen to the musical examples together. Pick your favorite character from the story and create a drawing! Share your drawing with the class! Teachers, select 3 drawings and email to education@lubbocksymphony.org. These will be displayed at the concert.
MORE MUSIC If you enjoyed the musical examples from the guidebook, you will love these! Here are some additional pieces by these amazing composers: Tchaikovsky: Souvenir de Florence https://youtu.be/YK-WbRC0waI?si=M7RR3PjjKG6EiJZQ Mozart: Symphony No. 40 https://youtu.be/0sGqkMU-mGQ?si=pplnHdgdHJPeXa9R Mozart: Serenade in G, Eine Kleine Nachtmusik https://youtu.be/UzEX0-nwN4Y?si=wirAS3RR7iCIh7Fd Stravinsky: Violin Concerto https://youtu.be/QldrWYZ2fOw?si=snQng0LGocI_SeC_
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INSTRUMENTS OF THE ORCHESTRA THE STRING FAMILY: Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass These instruments have strings stretched across them. String musicians drag a bow over the strings or pluck them to make noise. They change the pitch by pressing their fingers on the strings.
THE WOODWIND FAMILY: Flute, Piccolo, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon These instruments make noise when you blow air into them. Most woodwinds have a mouthpiece made of a thin piece of wood, called a reed. To change the pitch, woodwind musicians use their fingers or special button keys to cover holes on the instrument.
THE BRASS FAMILY: Trumpet, Horn, Trombone, Tuba These instruments are made of brass or other metal and have a large round opening at the end. To make sound, brass musicians buzz their lips against the mouthpiece. Most brass instruments have valves that look like buttons attached to their long pipes. When pressed, the valves open and close different parts of the pipe, which changes the pitch.
THE PERCUSSION FAMILY: Timpani, Cymbals, Xylophone, Tambourine, Triangle Percussion instruments include any instrument that makes a sound when it is hit, shaken, or scraped. Some percussion instruments can make tuned pitches, like the xylophone or timpani. Others have no definite pitch, like the bass drum, cymbals, or castanets. Percussion instruments help keep the rhythm, make special sounds, and often add excitement!
OTHERS: Piano, Harp, Voice There are other instruments that might be included in the orchestra, such as the piano, the harpsichord, and the harp. The piano and harp are similar in that their strings are used to make sound. The pianist presses keys that tap the strings, while the harpist plucks strings. Vocalists also sometimes sing along with an orchestra.
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CONCERT ETIQUETTE We are so excited to have you join us for this wonderful musical experience. The musicians you will see in the upcoming performance depend on you for their success. An audience that pays attention and doesn’t cause distractions will help their performance! RULES OF THE CONCERT Use the bathroom before the concert if you need to The concert will start when the lights dim Don’t make noise during the concert Stay in your seat until your teachers give you instructions to leave In classical music, you clap at the very beginning of the concert and at the very end when it is over. Classical songs may start and stop a lot, so you don’t need to clap every time it stops! WHEN TO CLAP When the concertmaster violinist comes on stage When the conductor walks to the podium When the conductor takes a bow at the end
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GLOSSARY ACCOMPANY To go along with or to compliment something, p.5 BALLET A dance art form performed on stage with dancers in costumes, scene design and lighting, p.7 CAPTURE To take by force, p.7 CENTURY A time period of 100 years, p.8 COL LENGO Italian for “with the wood”, a technique where the strings are hit with the stick of the bow, p.5 COMPOSER A person that writes music, p.2 COMPOSITION The process of writing new music, p.7 CONCERTO Music for a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra, p.4 CONSERVATORY A special school that teaches music, p.7 EXCERPT A short sample from a larger musical work, p.7 FINALE The last part of a musical work or performance, p.12
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FOLKLORE The traditional beliefs, customs and stories of a community passed down through generations, p.9 FLUTTERING Quick flapping of the wings of a bird, p.9 IMPACT To have a strong effect on something, p.3 IMPROVISE To play music as if made up in the moment, p.3 INFERNAL Fierce and fiery, p.11 INSPIRATION An experience that makes someone want to do or create something, p.2 KINGDOM A country or area ruled by a king or queen, p.1 KNOWLEDGE To know something by experience, p.1 MOVEMENT One section of music that is part of a larger musical work. Could be played by itself. p.5 MUSIC THEORY The study of how music works, p.8 MYSTERIOUS Difficult to understand or explain, p.9
OPERA A drama set to music with singers, accompanied by an orchestra, p.4
SYNCOPATION To play against the main beat of the music, p.11
PICCOLO An instrument similar to the flute, but with a higher sound, p.9
TECHNIQUE A special skill or ability, p.10
PREMIERE To have the first public performance, p.9
THEME The main idea in a story or the main melody in a piece of music, p.1
PRODIGY A young person who is exceptionally gifted at a particular skill, p.3
TREMOLO A technique where the bow shakes rapidly on the string, p.12
REALM A type of knowledge, a kingdom, area or a community, p.1
UNIQUE Something special or one of a kind, p.2
REVOLUTION A sudden change or to try and make major changes in government, p.8
WORLD WAR I A major war fought in Europe from 1914 until 1918, p.8
RHYTHM The pattern of music, made by how long or short notes are played, p.11 SPICCATO To bounce the bow on the string, p.10 STRING QUARTET A performing group of string instruments consisting of two violins, viola and cello, p.4 SYMPHONY A larger musical work for orchestra, usually in 4 movements. Also, a short way to say “symphony orchestra”, which is a group of musicians. p. 3
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S PEC I AL T H AN KS TO David Cho, Music Director Galen Wixson, President & CEO Kea Beasley, Education Director Callie Watson, Guidebook Designer
Brian Willcutt, LSO Board Chair Paula Loveless, LSO Education Chair Andrew Babcock, LISD Director of Fine Arts LSO & Lubbock Symphony Guild Volunteers
LI S T E N L I V E E D U C ATI O N C O N C ER T SP O N SO R S
Do you play an instrument? We are looking for talented young musicians to join Lubbock Youth Orchestras! LYO provides a fun and challenging musical education experience for students of various ages. We have 3 ensembles: Prelude, Philharmonic, and Symphony. From beginning to advanced players, all levels are welcome! For more information, please contact Education Director, Kea Beasley at education@lubbocksymphony.org.
To learn more about becoming a sponsor of the arts, please contact us: Lubbock Symphony Orchestra, 601 Ave K, Lubbock, TX 79401 (806) 762-1688 | lubbocksymphony.org 19
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