Magical Herb Compendium, by Aurora

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CORRESPONDENCES, SPELLS, AND MEDITATIONS

Magical Herb Compendium

About the Author Aurora is an herbalist, aromatherapist, British Traditional Witchcraft high priestess, and registered nurse who has been using herbs and aromatherapy to heal people since 1990. Aurora studied with herbal teachers across the country, including two years with Matthew Wood and more than three years with Dottie Running Horse, a Dakota medicine woman. Visit her at Aurorasmagicalrealm.com.

Llewellyn Publications Woodbury, Minnesota

Magical Herb Compendium: Correspondences, Spells, and Meditations Copyright © 2023 by Aurora. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever, including internet usage, without written permission from Llewellyn Publications, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.

First Edition First Printing, 2023 Book design by Christine Ha Cover design by Shannon McKuhen Photography is used for illustrative purposes only. The persons depicted many not endorse or represent the book’s subject.

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Disclaimer Please note the information in this book is for the pursuit of maintaining the history of the plants’ spiritual uses. There are toxic plants written about in this book that are for information only. Please do not use these plants unless you have a complex understanding of the toxicity and dangers associated with them. Please seek out the experience of a physician when taking herbs with other medications because there may be contraindications that are not understood at this time with the complexity of an individual’s disease process. The advice in this book is not meant to replace the care of a certified professional, and readers should take utmost care when performing rituals, especially those that include bodily fluids.

Contents Introduction

1

Chapter One: The History of Magical Herbalism and the Doctrine of Signatures 5 Chapter Two: Wildcrafting Magical Plants

11

Chapter Three: How to Use the Plants and Make Formulas Chapter Four: Compendium of Herbs

27

Chapter Five: Magical Recipes 189 Appendix: Magical Associations Bibliography

221

205

15

Introduction

T

his book is a lifetime in the making. It started when I began asking why the plants did what they did and when my grandmother told me the stories of her childhood with her Native American grandfather, who taught her about herbs, or her time in the Panama Canal. She often only knew the Native American or Spanish names of the plants, and she did not remember all of the information she learned.

In my journey, I have tried to recapture lost information from my Native American heritage, as well as gather information that is spread out in centuries-old books, which include not only herb books but folk histories, grimoires, and translations of hieroglyphs. One of my favorite plants, which I wrote about in this book, is the mandrake root (Mandragora officinarum).

It is an herb that has been written about here and there, with a lot of good information already available on it, but I stumbled upon an obscure book on Romanian history that had a whole chapter on the mandrake root. It was information that I had not seen before, which gave a whole new depth to how this root is used. These kinds of finds are rare, and I have tried to add as much old and hard-to-find lore as I could so that it was not lost.

While capturing the old information, I also realized that I needed to add my own experiences to this book so that people can see different ways to use the herbs. Some of the herbs I have in this book have little written lore 1

2 • Introduction

about them. Another one of my favorite herbs is wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa), or sweet leaf. I learned about this plant first from my herbal teacher Matthew Wood and then learned more about its spiritual properties from Dottie Running Horse, a Dakota shaman and medicine woman I became friends and studied with. Most of the lore on sweet leaf is oral and, except for Matthew Wood’s books, has never been seen before in print. As I studied this plant, I also realized that it was the plant that my great-great-grandfather used to cure my grandmother’s migraines, which she only knew the Indigenous name for. My grandmother told me that her grandfather used to warm the fresh plant in water, place it on her forehead, then cover her forehead with a washcloth to relieve her headaches. So, life and its magic came full circle as I rediscovered my family’s heritage with the plant people. Because of all the oral lore that I learned about plant magic, I decided to share it here so that the information is not lost in the sands of time. To me, passing on this information is one way to honor our ancestors. Because of this, I added the stories from Dottie Running Horse, as well as my own experiences with it and my research of the plant. I am honored to be writing the stories of my elders here and the stories of the plants that have taught me through the years. Enjoy their lore and their magic because, as they become a part of you, their wisdom will continue to live on and teach the next generation of medicinal and spiritual healers.

About Me I started my herbal and spiritual path when I was quite young. I was one of those witches who learned how to use herbs to heal people as a child from my grandmother; she also taught me how to dye rocks and cloth using berries or leaves. She knew about many plants but did not know their Latin names and only had stories of how a plant could cure headaches or deep wounds.

I began using plants for magical purposes in the 1980s. At that time, there was not any information published that could be accessed online or that I could find in my local bookstore, so I spent hours at the public library; I ordered archived texts to read, and I spent many hours hand-copying the herbs and what they were used for. I also started collecting what I could from the only New Age shop within fifty miles. In the nineties I joined a magical

Introduction • 3

group in upstate New York, and I started making some of the arcane recipes I had read about, including incense and tea, to sell at the local Pagan store.

When I moved to Minnesota, I went to nursing school and became a registered nurse. I started learning more about the magical use of herbs, and my thirst for knowledge drew me to learn not just the magical side but the medicinal side as well. I started training with local herbalists, such as Matthew Wood, and then I joined the Minnesota Herbalist Guild, where I was exposed to many amazing teachers who taught me even more about the medicinal side of herbs. I continued my studies and joined the American Herbalist Guild, a national herbal organization, and traveled across the country to national conferences to learn from more teachers about the magical and medicinal properties of herbs and resins. At some point in this journey, I started teaching classes on the magical and medicinal properties of plants, began writing about herbs in a publication called the Minnesota Pagan Press, worked part-time in a local herb/bookstore called Present Moment, and started a private herbal practice. A few years later, I became a professional herbalist in the American Herbalist Guild and eventually taught at several conferences on the medicinal properties of herbs. I have also trained to become an aromatherapist and flower essence practitioner, even traveling to Europe to take advanced classes.

I have trained with some of the greatest herbalists and natural healers in the world. Most of my training took place in the United States, but I have trained in South Korea, England, and France for my craft. I have had a natural healing practice for over twenty-five years where I have used plants to treat people for both physical and spiritual ailments. My magical credentials include being a Wiccan high priestess in a British traditional path for over twenty-five years, and I often speak at national or international conferences and festivals on how to use herbs to heal the mind, body, and spirit, as well as how to use them for magic.

How This Book Is Organized This book is set up to give you the ability to instantly dive into the herbs and learn about how to use them in your magical practice, as well as provide you with more detailed information as you need it.

4 • Introduction

Chapter 1 briefly discusses the history of magical herbalism as we know it from ancient manuscripts, hieroglyphics, and cuneiform tablets. This chapter also introduces the doctrine of signatures, which is how we can observe plants in nature to determine what they can be used for in magic.

Chapter 2 teaches about wildcrafting and tells you how to harvest plants from the wild, including the tools that you will need to collect them, how to process the plants, and how to store them.

Chapter 3 details different ways to use herbs to make magical formulas and gives you some basic ways to make magical preparations. It also explores the items you will need to create an herbal apothecary.

Chapter 4 is the compendium of herbs, and each herbal monograph will show you how to use the herb, detail the deities and planet associated with it, and share a story of how I have used the plant in the past.

In chapter 5 there are incense, infused oil, tisane, and salve recipes. Some are given as examples, and others are recipes that I have used with good outcomes.

The appendix is a quick reference guide for you to find the herbs you need in order to put together a magical spell for a certain cause.

Chapter One

The History of Magical Herbalism and the Doctrine of Signatures

W

e don’t really know when the first person put the first aromatic plants on the smoldering coals of a fire as an offering to their gods, but using herbs in spiritual practices was done long before it was written about. Many of the original rites and offering practices were passed down via oral tradition and were only written about years after they were in customary practice.

We do not know how long these plants were used before books and other documentation were written, but what we do know comes from what was written on these tablets, on those scrolls, and in those books. In the following sections, I will attempt to create a timeline based on the information we can find from the periods and the people who wrote about the use of plants, even hundreds of years after the events first happened.

Sumerian One of the things we do know about some of these ancient societies is that they traded herbs, spices, and resins between them, and these trades were documented. Sumerians are some of the first people to document the herbs and spices that they traded on cuneiform tablets. In addition to merchant records, there are a few recipes and details of medicinal preparations and resins used as offerings. Tablets from around 2963 to 2031 BC talk about 5

6 • Chapter One

offerings to Inanna, a Sumerian goddess of love, justice, and fertility, in heroic poetry; some of the herbs offered to her were frankincense and cedar.

Egyptian The Egyptians documented evidence that they used resins and herbs as magical offerings, in spell work, and in the mummification process starting before 1473 BC. Many of the recipes were documented on papyri that were buried in tombs with mummies, often with the resins or offering blends in jars next to them to carry with them on their travels to the afterlife. Many of these recipes can be found in the works of Edward Budge, as well as other books that focus on Egyptian rites and rituals; many have modern substitutions for the hard-to-find items, such as asp tongue, in them. The Egyptians used mostly resins like frankincense and myrrh in their rituals and spiritual practices.

Indian India has a rich history of using herbs, flowers, and resins in spell work aimed at healing and in love magic. Many formulas can be found in the Vedas, which are collections of hymns that were written starting between 1500 and 1200 BC; they provide guidance on various aspects of life, including worship of deities, healing, and attracting love. Many of the recipes are still in use today as ritual offerings and in long-standing traditions. Some of the herbs written about in the Vedas include resins such as gugal, sandalwood, and flower petals, which can be mixed with flour or common household items.

What I love about the Vedas is that a lot of the traditions they detail are still being used to this day in sacred rituals.

Chinese There is herbal information in Chinese texts dating back to the Han dynasty, which was between 202 BC and AD 220. Most of this information is more medicinal in nature, but it also has a lot of spiritual information, such as incense recipes for worship. Most of the herbal information in the Chinese texts is from China, but some of it is originally from Korea or Japan, as these countries are in close proximity and share Buddhism as one of their main religions. Herbs that were used for spiritual practices include sandalwood, resins such as frankincense, and aloeswood.

The History of Magical Herbalism and the Doctrine of Signatures • 7

Greek The Greeks developed their own system of medicinal philosophy to treat disease using a humor system. Many of their rituals, including the day-to-day worship of their deities, that were documented used herbs, oils, and resins.

They burned large amounts of incense and gave many offerings, both to their private deities and to the deities of their leaders. The Greeks were heavily influenced by the Egyptians’ use of herbs and resins in spiritual matters and often adapted early Egyptian recipes to fit the Greek deities. The Greeks used resins such as frankincense as well as cedar.

A Note about Resins Most cultures used resins for incense and as offerings to the gods, all the way back to the Sumerians. Later cultures added woods and flowers that were growing around them to create more complex blends that they felt were appropriate to offer to their gods. We can take this historical information and let it inspire us to create an herbal magical practice that is local to where we live and that aligns with our chosen deities.

The Doctrine of Signatures A long time ago, when I was just a girl, my grandmother taught me the importance of paying attention to the things around me. She taught me to watch the wind as it blows in the trees because it can foretell a change in the weather. She taught me to observe how the ocean swells at different times during the moon’s cycle and how to decipher the stars in the night sky. She also taught me how to look at the plants around us and how to see the wisdom that Mother Nature gives us on a regular basis. This is something that we as a people have forgotten how to do. We can learn so much if we just look at the world around us and just listen to what the earth is trying to tell us.

Before the advent of modern medicine, ancient healers understood that how a plant looked gave them clues about how to use it for both healing and magic. This system of looking at plants and their visual patterns to get clues about what spiritual or medicinal attributes they may have is called the doctrine of signatures. This art of looking at colors, textures, stem shapes, and growing habits to determine what the plants can be used for shows us each plant’s true virtue in a way that is easy to understand—without writings or

8 • Chapter One

the internet. It allows us to use the simple art of observation and communing with nature.

Several famous physicians, philosophers, and magically inclined people have used and written about how to use the doctrine of signatures. One of the first two people to write about this system was Roman scholar Pliny the Elder (AD 24–79). Pliny the Elder’s Natural History, finished approximately AD 77, consists of thirty-seven books that contain information on astrology, mathematics, zoology, botany, agriculture, pharmacology, mineralogy, precious stones, and more. Natural History is one of the earliest references to the doctrine of signatures, but Pliny the Elder’s recommendations on which plants to use for different diseases are limited because during this time the Romans did not allow physicians to cut open cadavers in order to deepen their knowledge of how the plants healed disease. Pedanius Dioscorides (AD 40–90), a Greek physician, wrote a highly respected book called De materia medica between AD 50 and 70. This work, which consists of five volumes, was used as a basis for all of the herbal pharmacies for more than 1,500 years; it gives some details on the doctrine of signatures but focuses more on diseases and how to treat them.

During the late Middle Ages, Paracelsus (1493–1541), Giambattista Della Porta (1535–1615), and Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654) were among the strongest proponents of the doctrine of signatures, and they wrote several books that gave deeper explanations of how to use this system. They are the writers who are often quoted when it comes to the doctrine of signatures.

Paracelsus was a German-Swiss physician, alchemist, and philosopher of the German Renaissance period focused on the power of observation; he married this observational ability with his philosophical beliefs that were based in Hermeticism. Hermeticism is a philosophical and mystical system based off the writings of Hermes Trismegistus. These writings, which were created from about AD 100 to 300, are theorized to have actually came from a series of mystical and alchemical writers who all wrote under Trismegistus’s name during that period.

Paracelsus was well known for his writings, including The Hermetic and Alchemical Writings, as well as his theory of similia similibus curantur, or “like cures like.” His works and teachings promoted the use of the doctrine of signatures.

The History of Magical Herbalism and the Doctrine of Signatures • 9

Giambattista Della Porta, who was a student of Paracelsus, was an Italian scholar, playwright, cryptography expert, and astrologer who had a fascination with the occult. He wrote Magia naturalis and Phytognomonica, both of which deepened the doctrine of signatures theory. These books are full of symbolism and alchemical references to how the plants will create the magical or medicinal desired change.

Another early proponent of the theory was Nicholas Culpeper, an English physician, herbalist, and astrologer, who published The English Physician in 1652. This work put the doctrine of signatures at the forefront in English herbalism.

Many more writers followed these leaders; the apex of the doctrine of signatures was during the Renaissance, but as science grew, the belief in the mystical attributes of plants decreased, with many physicians dismissing the doctrine of signatures as incorrect.

I would disagree with the dismissal of the signatures from nature because, as we have found using modern scientific tools, there are chemicals in plants that produce certain properties or signatures. For example, plants with deep yellow roots were historically thought to help the liver and gallbladder. Science has since shown that some of these plants contain a chemical called berberine. Berberine has been proven to help with liver, gallbladder, and endocrine disorders, which supports the historical doctrine of signatures theory; this is one example of how science supports the doctrine of signatures.

While the historical writers of natural medicine and magic may not have had the same level of scientific knowledge as we do now, the fact remains that many of the conclusions they made have been borne out by advanced testing and other validation. In magic we need not be hampered by the chemical’s attributes or what someone says a plant can be used for. We can use our imaginations to connect the physical attributes of the plants to the magical acts that we need to perform. Colors and shapes are symbols that connect us to the universe, and I believe these plant signatures may be more real than the current scientific theory.

How to Use the Doctrine of Signatures It is easy to use the doctrine of signatures when wildcrafting or growing a plant for magical use. To use this system, you just need to observe a plant’s

10 • Chapter One

natural form and make comparisons. This can easily be done when looking at the color of a plant or its flowers. For example, yellow flowers might mean that the plant is good for the liver or attracting wealth and happiness. Red flowers can be used for love or passion magic, pink flowers can be used to attract true love or to help with painful emotions, and orange-colored flowers are attractants that can be used to strengthen spell work and bring new opportunity. Blue flowers can be used to attract peace, promote healing, and improve psychic abilities. White flowers can be used to help find the truth or connect to divinity, and purple flowers increase the power of spells and help connect to the gods. Any green plant can be used for healing or to attract money.

You can also observe the shape and growing habit of the plant to determine its magical uses; this is particularly helpful in healing magic, and there are many easy associations. A plant with a heart-shaped leaf may be used for healing the heart or for love magic. Ground ivy, also called creeping Charlie, has leaves that look like ears or kidneys. It grows close to the ground and has many ropelike stems that creep everywhere, including through cracks in the sidewalk. Magically, ground ivy can be used for healing the ears or kidneys, but it can also be used to hear things that are being said when you aren’t there, or it can be used as protection.

In short, the doctrine of signatures is a system of looking at the natural world and applying the code that nature has provided for us. By observing nature, we can learn how the universe works and changes over time. Observing plants in nature is best, but you can always look at pictures taken of plants in the wild to observe the colors, shapes, and growing habits of the plants you want to use for spiritual purposes. Using the doctrine of signatures in picking plants for your magical, herbal journey will only strengthen your spell work and abilities.

Body, Mind & Spirit / Witchcraft

Explore the Magical Properties of 90+ Herbs A sourcebook for all your botanical needs, Magical Herb Compendium features the knowledge and skills required to create your own apothecary. Alongside a plant description, each profile lists common names, spiritual uses, folklore, and any relevant cautions. It also features a meditation, spell, and anecdote from the author’s personal practice.

Offering more than just an encyclopedia of plants, Aurora covers the history of magical herbalism based on ancient manuscripts, hieroglyphics, and cuneiform tablets. She helps you intuitively determine a plant’s magical uses and teaches proper methods for collecting, preserving, and storing your specimens. You will advance your expertise with magical recipes and discover how to make formulas of your own.

This comprehensive resource builds your confidence with plants like burdock, calendula, cinnamon, cowslip, and thorn apple. With associations to astrology, deities, angels, and spirits, you can easily infuse more plants—such as foxglove, hops, myrrh, and oak—into your daily and magical life.

Aurora is an herbalist, aromatherapist, British Traditional Witchcraft high priestess, and registered nurse who has been using herbs and aromatherapy to heal people since 1990.

Aurora studied with herbal teachers across the country, including two years with Matthew Wood and more than three years with Dottie Running Horse, a Dakota medicine woman.

Visit her at AurorasMagicalRealm.com.

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