Flash Portuguese

13 x 19 cm

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

13 x 19 cm

Flash Portuguese is your perfect companion when visiting Portugal. It will help you to understand and be understood in most situations as a tourist or during a longer stay – meeting people, going to a restaurant, travelling around the country, choosing an accommodation, getting medical help, shopping… This teach-yourself manual is at the same time a phrasebook, a cultural guide and a scrapbook that will harness you with survival communication skills in Portuguese and give you a deeper knowledge of Portugal.

Besides words, phrases, sentences and expressions (and some grammar!), Flash Portuguese offers you loads of social and cultural information and fun facts about the use of language in Portugal.

Let’s dive into Portugal through its language!

ISBN 978-972-757-711-8

9 789727 577118

Paulo Feytor Pinto

The author, a specialist in teaching Portuguese for foreigners, took in consideration the fact that your mother tongue might not be English.

So, whenever possible, English words were replaced by pictures, other foreign languages are included, and there’s plenty of space for you to add your own language, namely in the dictionaries.

www.lidel.pt

C

15,4mm

Language fundamentals Fun learning Social and cultural approach Fun facts

Conte nts Introduc tion ....................... ....................... ..................... 5 1. Warm Up ....................... ....................... ....................... ........ 9

English words used in Portuguese ....................... ........ 10 English words of Portuguese origin ...................... .... 11 Portuguese words of English origin ...................... ..... 12 Portuguese names of foreign cities ....................... ..... 12 Other Portuguese words of foreign origin ............. 13

2. Context ....................... ....................... ....................... ........ 15

Languages in the 13th century ....................... ................ 16 european Portuguese accents ....................... ............. 18 Other mother tongues ....................... ....................... ........ 18 Portuguese attitudes towards languages ............... 21

3. Tools ....................... ....................... ....................... ............... 27 Pronunciation ....................... ....................... ...................... 28 Spelling ....................... ....................... ....................... ........... 31 QuantiFIers ....................... ....................... ....................... ...... 32 QualiFIers ....................... ....................... ....................... ........ 32 Verbs ....................... ....................... ....................... ................. 35 Questions ....................... ....................... ....................... ......... 44 Other words & rules ....................... ....................... .......... 46 4. People ....................... ....................... ....................... ............ 49 People ....................... ....................... ....................... ............... 50 Names ....................... ....................... ....................... ................ 51 Address ....................... ....................... ....................... ............ 53 Families ....................... ....................... ....................... ............ 57 From around the world ...................... ....................... ...... 60 Jobs ....................... ....................... ....................... ................... 64 Feelings ....................... ....................... ....................... ........... 65 Crosswords ....................... ....................... ....................... ..... 66

7. Food & Drinks ..................................................... 111 Where .................................................................................. 112 Soft drinks ........................................................................ 112 Coffee ................................................................................. 113 Wine ...................................................................................... 113 Beer & spirits ................................................................... 114 Vegetables & cereals ................................................... 115 Fruit & nuts ...................................................................... 116 Fish ....................................................................................... 117 Meat ..................................................................................... 118 Meals ................................................................................... 119 At the table ..................................................................... 123 Crosswords ....................................................................... 124 8. Sleep & Health ................................................... 129 Where .................................................................................... 130 Bedroom .............................................................................. 130 Bathroom ............................................................................ 131 Human body ........................................................................ 131 Troubles ............................................................................. 132 Healers ............................................................................... 133 Crosswords ........................................................................ 134 9. Shopping & Culture ........................................ 139 Shops ................................................................................... 140 Money .................................................................................. 141 Materials ........................................................................... 142 Colours .............................................................................. 143 Clothes ............................................................................... 144 Gifts & utilities ............................................................... 146 Mail ...................................................................................... 148 Press .................................................................................... 150 Hobbies ............................................................................... 152 Holidays ............................................................................. 155 Sports ................................................................................. 156 Politics ............................................................................... 157 Religion .............................................................................. 157 Crosswords ....................................................................... 158

5. Getting Around ....................... ....................... ............ 71 Directions ....................... ....................... ....................... ........ 72 Around the country ...................... ....................... ............. 73 Animals ....................... ....................... ....................... ............ 79 Trees & plants ....................... ....................... ..................... 80 Around town ....................... ....................... ....................... .. 82 Buildings ....................... ....................... ....................... ......... 88 Means of transportation ....................... ....................... . 90 Travelling ....................... ....................... ....................... ...... 91 10. Literature ..................................................................... 163 Crosswords ....................... ....................... ....................... ..... 94 The Lusiads, Luís de Camões ......................................... 164 “Portuguese SEA”, Fernando Pessoa ........................ 166 6. Time & Weather ..................... ..................... ........... 99 Baltasar and Blimunda, José Saramago ............... 168 Calendar ....................... ....................... ....................... ....... 100 Telling the time ....................... ....................... .................. 101 11. Dictionaries ............................................................... 173 Seasons ....................... ....................... ....................... .......... 102 Portuguese-English ...................................................... 174 Weather & environment ....................... ....................... .. 102 English-Portuguese ...................................................... 200 Crosswords ....................... ....................... ....................... .. 108 12. Samples ......................................................................... 227

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

3

Literature Introduction

h this beginning: wit e th om fr t gh clear ri make Let us make it understand and y tl ec rf pe to t ver ge though, book, you will ne se. Hopefully, ue ug rt Po in stood yourself yourself under tand and make rs de un to le y be ab perience you will quickl are likely to ex u yo ns io at tu most si understood in al. are no while in Portug rasebook. There ph a om fr nt differe learn by However, this is ces for you to en nt se d an s phrase r you to endless lists of ry basic tools fo ve e th u yo ve gi rather always heart. We would course, you will f O s. ill sk ng ki n spea make build up your ow d some rules. To an ry la bu ca vo ber the t English have to remem likely know abou u yo t ha w e us e will glish but your life easier, w might speak En u yo at th ct fa er the and also consid ngue. fferent mother to se’, we actually have a di e with Portugue gl in ‘m to u yo r is fo so you Because the idea and context info nd ou gr ck ba ads of le beyond will give you lo y and its peop tr un co e th t abou focuses can learn more hough this book lt A s. on si es pr and ex le living words, phrases, ity of the peop or aj m e th of tongue languages on the mother rence to other fe re d fin so al will in Portugal, you r example! untr y. English, fo spoken in the co

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

7

1 Literature Warm Up

English words used in Portuguese Palavras inglesas usadas em portuguĂŞs English words of Portuguese origin Palavras inglesas de origem portuguesa Portuguese words of English origin Palavras portuguesas de origem inglesa Portuguese names of foreign cities Nomes portugueses de cidades estrangeiras Other Portuguese words of foreign origin Outras palavras portuguesas de origem estrangeira

s of d r o w h is l g n E rigin Portuguese o bic), diver. alcatraz, pelican<al-ghattâs (Ara ed in ster regi first was d wor The English k to bac e com ld the 17th century and wou troz, alba as tury cen 19th the in Portuguese the word currently used.

albatross

bamboo

bambu<bambu (Marathi, India).

barroco, clayish<barro, clay. Barroco, a qualif ier, was first used in the feminine expression pérola barroca, clayish pearl, irregular pearl as if made out of clay like the baroque shapes, irregular when compared to previous classical style.

baroque cashew

caju<aka’yu (Tupi, Brazil).

cobra

feitiço, witchcraft, spell. Feitiço became fétiche in French and fetish in English in the 17th century. In the late 19th century, it came back to Portuguese, from French.

Currently, the Portuguese use both words: feitiço (witchcraft, spell) and fetiche (worshiped object).

fetish

mandarin

cobra, any snake including cobra.

sellor+mandar mandarim<mattari (Malay), coun d. man (Portuguese), to com

mango marmalade

molasses

manga<manga (Malayalam, India).

marmelada, quince jam<marmelo, quince.

Marmelada is also slang for having sex. It appears that in the distant past quince was considered an aphrodisiac.

melaço, honeyish<mel, honey. © Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

11

able since rder has been st The Northern bo uguese (1231). permanently Port Chaves became able since rder has been st The Southern bo . rtuguese (1249) Faro became Po e or less) er has been (mor The Eastern bord es (1297).

Treaty of Alcañic stable since the rtuguese or cian was the Po Portuguese Gali en all over of Galician spok Southern variety record eria. First known Northwestern Ib from 1175. gdom of Leon, e neighbouring kin th m fro e ag gu ura.

Latin lan Spanish Extremad Leonese was the from Asturias to g nin an sp ea ar spoken in an ch settlers. rs and other Fren de sa ru -c ex y lf, from en by man a crusader himse French was spok of Portugal was g kin st fir e th The father of Burgundy. ge the Latin langua e local variety of th s wa . ic le ab ru ar lamic Western Moz Iberia under Is tians in Southern spoken by Chris spoken mainly in variety of Arabic ian er Ib e th s wa Iberian Arabic ntury. since the 8th ce towns and cities sh community. the growing Jewi of e ag gu lan en Hebrew, the writt and knowledge. guage of religion lan en itt wr g nin cli Latin was the de abic d Western Mozar uese Galician an ug rt Po s. y, xt ur te nt ce all legal Around the 14th , the language of se ue ug rt d Po ha o al int ged tion, Portug had already mer use of the Inquisi ca be ly e. ain m ag y, ur d one langu By the 18th cent , one culture an with one religion y tr un co a e m beco

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

17

Around 2% of the population speaks Brazilian Portuguese.

Mirandese is the language of Leon ese origin that is do Douro municipa spoken in the Mira lity where it has be nda en co-official since 1999.

French is spoken by ex-migrants in France, returned Summer, in Augu after 1974. Every st, it is the most widely spoken lan of the North and guage in rural ar Centre. eas Spanish is spoken by ex-migrants in Venezuela and Sp anish professiona Ukrainian is spok ls. en by workers ar rived after 1998.

Russian is spoken by workers arrived after 1998.

Capeverdean creo le is the most wid espread minority 1% of the genera language, spoken l population. It is by a creole type base centuries Portug d on 15th and 16 uese vocabulary. th Bissau-Guinean cr eole is based on 15th and 16th ce vocabulary and m nturies Portugue other tongues of se workers arrived af ter 1974.

Kimbundu is a Ba ntu language fro m Angola, spoken expatriates arriv by workers and ed after 1974.

German and Dutc h are the mother tongues of expatr iates and tourist s.

English is the mot her tongue of ex patriates and tour is spoken by ex-m ist s. In the Azores igrants in the U.S. it Romanian is spok en by workers ar rived after 1998.

Portuguese Sign Language or Língu a Gestual Portug been developed uesa (LGP) has in 1823 and is th e mother tongue the deaf. The offic s of around 10% ial duty of promot of ing it was set ou Constitution in 19 t in the Portugue 97. se You can find Latin in inscriptions on older monuments façades in the ph and in tribunal rase Domvs Ivst itiae , i.e. House of Justice.

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

19

Standard spelling Between 1911 and 2O1O there were several amendments to official spelling, always trying to keep pace with changes in Portugal and in Brazil. That is why spelling has been an issue for more than a hundred years.

Old spelling belleza directo grammatica hontem pharmacia portuguez prompto sciencia signaes thermometro

Current speling beleza direto gramática ontem farmácia português pronto ciência sinais termómetro

Foreign languages

The most widespread for eign languages among the Portuguese, and the only ones taugh t at school, are English (4O %), French (3O%), Spanish (1O%), and Germ an (5%). Other foreign lan guages, scarcely taught at university and private language schoo ls, are Dutch, Italian, Russian, and Ma ndarin. In spite of havin g a high rate of monolinguals among EU countries, Portugal also has a high rate of people spe aking more than two foreign languages.

Romani d 15OO and soon became

ugal aroun iganos (from Greek ed to Port iv rr a of the t called c rs fi i n und O.5% and to be ro w a , la y The Roma y tl b n e d rr ak . Cu ecute longer spe uchables) to be pers d they no ning unto n a a e n i, a m n e s, a p o m n ro Eu s as Ro athígga variety of n identifie -kaló but a in. ó g populatio n ri a o m i o n R a stral of Rom s rd o w their ance h wit Portuguese 23 © Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

Organization of nine countries with Portuguese as their official language International institute for the Portuguese language Portuguese institute for the promotion of the Portuguese language abroad

Gu

- B is

u

Ca

in é

B r a s il

To m é e

P rí n ci p

o

e

Sã

24

sa

Ve r d e

bo

r tuga l

Po

Lusofonia

Ti

o r- L e s

te

A n g ol

ue iq

M

a

i

m

Equ a né

ia tor l

Gu

African of all five e c n e d n e either indep al to refer after the g u rs rt a e o y P n in d Roughly te the world ia emerge rd lusofon ge around o a u w g e n la th e s, th cial colonie who speak as their offi se se o e u th g f u o rt le o P to the who pe Verde, that have , Brazil, Ca f countries la o o g p n u A ro : g e ique, nin or the , Mozamb , there are u y sa tl n is e -B rr a u e C in a special language. uinea, Gu as Macau, uatorial G ll q e E w s r, a o , e im g are ncip East T its meanin mé and Prí d To n o a ã S rd d o n w Portugal a mes from China. The . “Luso” co region of ie n e o v h ti a p o tr c is ran admin ch word F ugal. y the Fren b d e ir ons of Port ti sp a n in t n ie c n ne of the a Lusitania, o

oça m b

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

25

importante impossível interessante máximo

Verbs

geral - general maior - bigger picante - hot, sp icy plano - flat pronto - ready

saboroso - tasty seguro - safe selvagem - wild simpático - nice sossegado - quie t

Most verbs have 66 different forms. Two of the conditions that make verbs take a certain form, like in English, are person and tense, only in Portuguese these interfere with each other much more. To make it basic, let us concentrate on just 9 forms, starting with the 3 categories of regular verbs according to their ending in the infinitive form.

Most regular verbs and all recently created verbs, like alunar (to land on the moon) or globalizar (to globalize), belong to the –AR category (cantar, to sing). Other regular categories end on –ER (vender, to sell) and –IR (partir, to leave).

Puxar to pull

Empurrar to push

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

35

Back to scary BASICS

ake yourself plicated, you can m m co o to all it d fin along with If you the infinitive form ly on ing us by od rson and understo ormation about pe inf e th ce pla re at always words th ain. But remember to nt co s rm fo r he + ot tense that r: TENSE + PERSON de or ht rig e th in s put the word INFINITIVE.

Estivemos (We were)

PAST Ontem nós estar Antes nós estar

Fui (I went)

Present Saio (I go out)

Eles virão (They will come)

Hoje eu sair Agora eu sair

Você vai (You go)

Ontem eu ir Antes eu ir

Hoje você ir Agora você ir

Future Amanhã eles vir Depois eles vir

ontem, hoje, amanhã yesterday, today, tomorrow

Ela irá (She will go)

Amanhã ela ir Depois ela ir

pois antes, agora, de ter before, now, af © Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

43

Names

Como se chama?

Chamo-me...

What’s your name?

My name is...

Qual é o seu primeiro nome?

What’s your first name?

Qual é o seu apelido?

What’s your family name?

Qual é a sua idade?

Quantos anos tens?

How old are you? (formal)

How old are you? (informal)

Aren’t all women called

MARIA?

h are called Maria thoug men born before 1974 wo st mo is t me tha e na t tru firs is It women’s use this. In fact, these they would hardly ever fore or after it. So you be , me na er oth Maria with an d to as Ana. A usually a compound of dre ria Ana, both ad sse Ma or ria Ma a An her d as Maria. can have eit ente’ Maria and addresse sm ple ‘sim d me na are very few is always in the ria in their name, but it Ma e hav can n me en Ev ria man may be called Ma second position. So a wo n. ma a ays alw is José, but José Maria

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

51

What is a TUGA? Tuga is the inhabitant of ‘the garden grown by the sea’ or o jardim à beira-mar plantado that is Portugal. In Brazil they are called portuga. The word tuga seems to have originated among African speakers of Portuguese.

Para inglês ver

‘For English to see’ > Show-off. This expression seems to have been used first by the crown prince, when the royal family arrived in Brazil, in 18O8, fleeing from the French and escorted by the British.

The people of Salvador gave them such an enthusiastic welcome that the prince commented that this was a particularly good thing for the English admiral to see.

62

1 2

3

6

4

5

7

8

9 10

11

12

13 14 15

22

16

17

20

18

19

21

24 23 25

26

27

28

29

30

31

34

32

35

33

36

38

39

37 40

41 42

Across 1.

3.

7.

8.

9.

10.

12.

13.

14.

16.

18.

20.

joke hello short for Carlos Manuel son in law Brit (slang) Russian bye husband olive tree parents language short for José

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

29.

31.

34.

36.

38.

41.

42.

Down uncle grandfather short for António short for António José slow foreigner (slang) Irish neighbour Dutch person teacher sister

1.

2.

4.

5.

6.

7.

11.

13.

15.

17.

19.

26.

to find to be (perm.)

American kiss sorry couple father Malay dialogue colleague daughter in law friend

27.

28.

30.

32.

33.

35.

37.

39.

40.

Japanese short for José Carlos fiancé no, not mother man owner good to see

© Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

69

Directions Qual é o caminho para...?

Em que direção fica...?

Como vou para...?

What is the way to...?

Which direction is...?

How do I get to...?

Sempre em frente.

Tem de voltar para trás.

É complicado.

Straight ahead.

You must turn back.

It’s tricky.

A que distância fica...?

É longe?

É perto?

How far is it to...?

Is it far?

Is it near?

Fica a... (minutos/quilómetros) It’s... (min/km) away.

É muito longe.

São só...

It’s very far away.

It’s only...

Fica em frente de...

Fica ao lado de...

Fica atrás de...

It’s in front of...

It’s next to...

It’s behind...

Perigo Danger

Cuidado!

Atenção!

Be careful!

Pay attention!

Marking distance Close to speaker aqui (here) isto (this)

Place Object

Subida

72

Descida

Esquerda

Close to listener aí (there) isso (that)

Direita

Entrada

Away from both ali (there) aquilo (that)

Saída

Dentro

Fora

Zodíaco

AQUÁRIO

PEIXES

CARNEIRO

TOURO

GÉMEOS

CARANGUEJO

LEÃO

VIRGEM

BALANÇA

ESCORPIÃO

SAGITÁRIO

CAPRICÓRNIO

telling the time

10

11

12

1

9 8

10

2

3 7

6

5

É uma hora.

12

1

9

2

3

8

4

11

7

Quanto tempo falta para…?

How long…?

Que horas são?

What time is it?

A que horas?

At what time?

6

5

4

São duas horas.

10

11

12

1

9 8

10

2

3 7

6

5

4

São três e um quarto.

03.00 três da manhã 10.00 dez da manhã 12.00 meio-dia

11

12

1

9 8

10

2

6

5

8

4

São quatro e meia.

12

1

2

9

3 7

11

3 7

6

5

4

São cinco menos um quarto.

15.00 três da tarde 22.00 dez da noite 24.00 meia-noite

futuro hora minuto momento © Lidel – Edições Técnicas, Lda.

101

PORTUGUESE ARE THE EUROPEANS THAT EAT MORE

ARR

S O PA

Where

OZ

PEIX

E

adega - cellar cozinha - kitchen cervejaria - beer house marisqueira - seafood restaurant mercearia - grocer’s pastelaria - pastry shop padaria - bakery

bar café litro restaurante do supermerca Tenho fome.

comida - food bebida - drink fome - hunger sede - thurst gelo - ice

112

taberna - tavern talho - butcher’s

I’m hungry.

Tenho sede.

Soft drinks água - water chá - tea leite - milk sumo - juice

I’m thirsty.

hotel

Where

barulho - noise campismo - camping estalagem - inn limpeza - cleaning pensão - boarding house pousada - heritage inn residencial - guest house sono - sleep

Bedroom CANDEEIRO ARMÁRIO

LÂMPADA

AQUECIMENTO

ALMOFADA COBERTOR ESCADA

ELEVADOR

PAREDE

CORREDOR LENÇOL

COLCHÃO CHAVE 130

CAMA

Clothes De que número?

Which number?

De que tamanho?

Which size?

Tem maior?

Do you have it larger?

Quantos?

How many?

Tem mais largo?

Do you have it wider?

Tem mais pequeno?

Do you have it smaller?

BOLSO BLUSA

CALÇAS BOTA

CALÇÕES CAMISA CAMISOLA

CASACO 144

CHAPÉU CINTO

Gifts & Utilities

CADERNO

CAIXA

CARTEIRA

MALA

CIGARRO COLA 146

forma - shape lembrança - souvenir recordação - souvenir

CANETA

CESTO

BONECO FOTOGRAFIA

13 x 19 cm

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

13 x 19 cm

Flash Portuguese is your perfect companion when visiting Portugal. It will help you to understand and be understood in most situations as a tourist or during a longer stay – meeting people, going to a restaurant, travelling around the country, choosing an accommodation, getting medical help, shopping… This teach-yourself manual is at the same time a phrasebook, a cultural guide and a scrapbook that will harness you with survival communication skills in Portuguese and give you a deeper knowledge of Portugal.

Besides words, phrases, sentences and expressions (and some grammar!), Flash Portuguese offers you loads of social and cultural information and fun facts about the use of language in Portugal.

Let’s dive into Portugal through its language!

ISBN 978-972-757-711-8

9 789727 577118

Paulo Feytor Pinto

The author, a specialist in teaching Portuguese for foreigners, took in consideration the fact that your mother tongue might not be English.

So, whenever possible, English words were replaced by pictures, other foreign languages are included, and there’s plenty of space for you to add your own language, namely in the dictionaries.

www.lidel.pt

C

15,4mm

Language fundamentals Fun learning Social and cultural approach Fun facts