IVC WINTER ISSUE 2014
Integrative VETERINARY CARE
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT FOR DOGS AND CATS
WHERE TO BEGIN AND WHY IT’S SO IMPORTANT Page 16 WOBBLER SYNDROME
INFLAMMATORY AIRWAY DISEASE
MASSAGE AND HEALING TOUCH FOR ANIMALS
Shifting from palliative treatment to early intervention and a multimodal approach can benefit your patients.
www.IVCJournal.com
WINTER ISSUE 2014
INTEGRATIVE VETERINARY CARE JOURNAL
CANINE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Nutrition, environment and supplements all play a role in managing IAD.
RABIES CHALLENGE FUND RESULTS Researchers provide the results of their five-year study on duration of immunity in dogs.
Leading veterinarians discuss the integrative options that can help manage this difficult condition.
Enhance patient well-being with these two therapeutic modalities.
WHAT’ S NEW
• Exploring the role of microbes • Groundbreaking Golden Retriever study • Updating your business skills • Researching equine-facilitated therapy
contents FEATURES
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NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT FOR DOGS AND CATS
Clinicians are aware of the importance of nutrition in companion animal health, but medical records often reflect a different scenario. Here’s why it’s so crucial to assess each patient’s diet.
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TREATING CANINE OSTEOARTHRITIS -PART TWO
Managing this common condition must evolve from palliative treatment of established disease using just a few modalities, to early intervention and a comprehensive multimodal approach.
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YUNNAN BAIYAO –MIRACLE HERB FOR YOUR CLINIC
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RABIES CHALLENGE FUND –FIVE-YEAR DOI STUDY RESULTS
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HEADACHE IN ANIMALS –RECOGNITION AND TREATMENT
The researchers set out to prove a longer duration of immunity for rabies vaccines, and the results to date are intriguing.
This proprietary Chinese herbal formulation has been shown to effectively stop bleeding and inhibit infection.
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A persistent cough that lasts longer than four weeks is likely a sign of IAD. The causes can be many and varied, and treatment focuses on management.
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Nutrition Nook RAW GREEN TRIPE
It might look and smell disgusting, but it’s a rich source of nutrients for pets.
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Though this condition is often considered incurable and even unmanageable, alternative approaches can be very beneficial. Three veterinarians discuss the options.
Do pets get headaches? The evidence suggests they do. To successfully treat and relieve headaches in patients, we first have to notice and “diagnose” them, while remaining undeterred by the fact that absolute proof remains unattainable.
INFLAMMATORY AIRWAY DISEASE IN HORSES
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WOBBLER SYNDROME: PANEL DISCUSSION
Tech Talk MASSAGE AND HEALING TOUCH FOR ANIMALS IN THE VETERINARY CLINIC
These two therapeutic modalities can be used to enhance patient well being, and both are within the scope of CVT guidelines.
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CHIA-SMALL SEED, BIG BENEFITS
Discover how these tiny nutrition-packed seeds can bring healing and balance to equine patients.
Look for this logo throughout IVC and watch the images come to life! Plus you can win INSTANT PRIZES!
Turn to page 35 to learn more.
advisory board
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Dr. Richard Palmquist, DVM, graduated from Colorado State University in 1983. He is chief of integrative health services at Centinela Animal Hospital in Inglewood, California, president and research chair of the AHVMA, and an international speaker in integrative veterinary medicine. Dr. Palmquist is a consultant for the Veterinary Information Network (VIN) and co-director of the AHVMA Foundation. He has published two books, one for conventional veterinarians and a second for clients discussing how integrative thinking works.
Michelle J. Rivera, MT, VDT, is an instructor at the University of Wisconsin and The Healing Oasis Wellness Center, a post-graduate educational institution offering state-approved programs. She is co-owner of The Healing Oasis Veterinary Hospital, offering massage, rehabilitation, chiropractic and Chinese and Western Herbology. Michelle completed the Chinese Herbal Medicine program from the China Beijing International Acupuncture Training Center, and is certified in Chinese Medicine by the Wisconsin Institute of Chinese Herbology.
5 Advisory board 8 Editorial 12 What’ s new 30 From the VBMA
Dr. Joyce Harman, DVM, MRCVS, graduated in 1984 from Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine. She is certified in veterinary acupuncture and chiropractic and has completed advanced training in homeopathy and herbal medicine. Her practice in Virginia uses holistic medicine to treat horses. Her publications include The Horse’s Pain-Free Back and Saddle-Fit Book – the most complete source of information about English saddles.
36 Industry innovations 46 NAVC highlights 49 From the AHVM Foundation 62 Veterinary resource guide
Dr. Steve Marsden, DVM, ND, lectures for the IVAS, the AHVMA and the AVMA, and is co-founder of the College of Integrative Veterinary Therapies. He is a director of the National College of Natural Medicine, and authored the Manual of Natural Veterinary Medicine. Dr. Marsden is extensively trai ned in alternative medicine, including Chinese herbology, acupuncture and naturopathic medicine. He has a veterinary and naturopathic practice in Edmonton, Alberta. In 2010, Dr. Marsden was named Teacher of the Year by the AHVMA.
65 Marketplace 66 Events 66 Social media
Dr. Jean Dodds, DVM, received her veterinary degree in 1964 from the Ontario Veterinary College. In 1986, she moved to Southern California to establish Hemopet, the first non-profit national blood bank program for animals. Dr. Dodds has been a member of many national and international committees on hematology, animal models of human disease, veterinary medicine, and laboratory animal science. She received the Holistic Veterinarian of the Year Award from the AHVMA in 1994.
Dr. Christina Chambreau, DVM, CVH, graduated from the University of Georgia Veterinary College in 1980. She is a founder of the Academy Of Veterinary Homeopathy, was on the faculty of the National Center for Homeopathy Summer School and has been the holistic modality adjunct faculty liaison for the Maryland Veterinary Technician Program. Dr. Chambreau teaches classes in homeopathy for animals, and lectures on many topics. She is the author of the Healthy Animal’s Journal and the co-author of the Homeopathic Repertory: A Tutorial.
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By Sherman O. Canapp Jr., DVM, MS, CCRT, and Lisa M. Fair, VT, CCRA, CMT
TREATING CANINE part two To recap from Part One of this article (Fall 2013), osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in dogs. Our focus on managing it must evolve from simply the palliative treatment of well-established disease using a few modalities, to early intervention and a comprehensive multimodal approach. In the last issue, we covered diet, supplementation, weight management and assistive devices. We will now look at: • Acupuncture and physical manipulation (chiropractic) • Regenerative medicine therapy • Rehabilitation therapy • NSAIDs and adjunct medications • Disease modifying agents and corticosteriods • Surgery
Acupuncture and physical manipulation (chiropractic) Dogs have approximately 360 acupuncture points located throughout their bodies. The exact mechanism of action is not completely understood, but research suggests acupuncture needles stimulate nerves and offer benefits as described by the gate theory. Response varies in dogs, with some showing significant improvement in discomfort and mobility. Some dogs experience no obvious benefits and a few do not tolerate needling.
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Because the entire “chi� of the dog is being treated, a referral to veterinarians trained in TCVM provides the best chance of successful treatment in cases of OA. TCVM can help with weight management, improve vitality and energy, and assist with concomitant diseases as well as joint issues. Spinal manipulative therapy (chiropractic) can improve comfort and mobility in dogs with OA. These dogs often develop improper spinal biomechanics secondary to gait changes. Adjustments can restore proper bony relationships and reset receptors responsible for maintaining correct posture, balance and mobility.
Regenerative medicine therapy 1 - Stem cell therapy Published literature supports the use of stem cell therapy (SCT) to treat OA in dogs. However, there are still many unanswered questions. Most veterinary research has focused on adult stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem cells, derived from bone marrow (BM-MSC) or adipose tissue (AD-MSC). To date, there is no definitive evidence in dogs that supports one tissue source over the other for regenerative treatments. Adipose tissue may be a preferred source in dogs due to ease of access, low morbidity and pain associated with collection, and high-yielding mesenchymal stem cell counts (especially falciform). The cells isolated from the adipose tissue not only include mesenchymal stem cells but endothelial progenitor cells, pericytes, immune cells, fibroblasts and other growth factorsecreting bioactive cells. This is known as stromal vascular fraction therapy. The stem cells along with this mix of other regenerative cells can be injected directly into the injured tissue or joint and/or given intravenously.
2 - Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) PRP is autologous blood plasma with concentrated platelets. The concentrated platelets found in PRP contain bioactive proteins and growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1), transforming growth factor-2 (TGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and stromal-derived factor (SDF-1). These growth factors work by binding to cell surface receptors and activating intra-cellular signaling cascades. They promote cell proliferation, cell migration and differentiation, and work as anti-inflammatory factors counteracting the inflammatory cytokines at work in OA.
3 - Combination therapy By combining SCT with PRP, it is possible to achieve the positive effects of both regenerative therapies. Combination therapy provides cells for regeneration, growth factors, and a scaffold to provide a template for cell attachment.
Rehabilitation therapy Rehabilitation therapy may be used in conjunction with other therapies. In some cases of mild to moderate OA, it may actually eliminate the need for additional medical therapies. The goals of rehabilitation therapy for the OA patient include pain relief, maintaining or building muscle strength, flexibility, and joint range of motion, core strengthening and overall conditioning. • Cold therapy causes vasoconstriction to reduce inflammation, muscle spasms, pain and deceleration of nerve conduction velocity. It benefits dogs with acute exacerbation of chronic OA.
Alternatively, the stem cells can be isolated from adipose tissue, cultured and expanded. This yields a more homogenous population with a larger quantity of cells for injection. This is known as adipose derived progenitor cell therapy. Because cells are obtained from the intended recipient, the risk of rejection and disease transmission is eliminated regardless of culture or direct injection, adipose or bone marrow source. There are multiple mechanisms by which these regenerative cells initiate change. MSCs decrease pro-inflammatory and increase anti-inflammatory mediators. MSCs are activated to become immunosuppressive by soluble factors, and in turn secrete soluble factors that inhibit T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation. MSCs secrete bioactive levels of cytokines and growth factors that support angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, differentiation, and antiapoptotic events. The cytokines and growth factors secreted by MSCs can also assist in neovascularization. MSCs demonstrate a diverse plasticity and are able to migrate to sites where needed.
Stem cell therapy is showing success in helping to treat osteoarthritis.
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