PORTFOLIO ZIYANG FENG China Academy of Art E-mail:Fungzjiyeong@163.com Tel:+86 13928693316 Date:09/2019-07/2024 Applying for MArch Design for Manufacture Application number:24126308
CONTENTS
01. Back to pureland Buddhist Narrative Architectural Translation Design March/2022 - July/2022
02. Daily life between new order Reactivating Village with New Production Methods September/2022 - December/2022
03. Living with land Experimental Rammed Earth Construction March/2023 - June/2023
04. Retaining dissipated memories Community Renewal Plan for the Wuzhen Historic District September/2023 - December/2023
05. Other work
01.Back to pureland
-—— Buddhist Narrative Architectural Translation Design
Based on semiotic development, all information carriers and views can be translated into symbolic features. Thus, they can be translated into architectural discourse with spatial elements. We have created a narrative text that reveals the three poisons of human greed, anger and dementia, as well as the unfolding architecture of three times of self-cultivation to the final return to the Pure Land. It satirises the hypocritical Buddhists who are so utilitarian, and at the same time encourages them to recognise their own narrow-mindedness and ignorance in the architectural space, and encourages them to understand the basic Buddhist meanings and to return to a peaceful inner world. Cooperative work: ZIYANG FENG / HANRAN BAO (Partner) (Role:Leader, Research, Concept, Drawings, Renderings) Location:Hangzhou,China Date:March-June/2022 Course:Topic8
Site selection During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Buddhism prevailed in Hangzhou and there were many precious temples, so it was called the "Southeast Buddhist Kingdom". There are many temples in the West Lake Scenic Area, among which Lingyin Scenic Area is the most densely populated. Because of its reputation, more and more tourists go to Lingyin Temple to pay homage to it, and among the worshippers are not a few who blindly pay homage to it and have desires in their hearts, trying to get wealth and reputation from the Buddha.
Baoshi Mountain
White Dyke
The right side of Lingyin Temple has been reconstructed to retain its own function while increasing the experiential and educational aspects of Buddhism - the understanding of natural desires and the Buddha nature, and ultimately the path to enlightenment.
North lake
Yuewang Temple
West Lake
Passenger Flow in Lingyin Temple (2022):
It is an iconic, symbolic sight in Hangzhou and is regarded as one of the most beautiful sights in China. Its beauty is the subject of many poems and paintings. Legends originating in West Lake add to it an aura of romance.
Fahua Temple
North Peak
9,125,000
Mid-Lake Pavilion
Mammon Temple
Inner lake
Taoguang Temple
Leifeng Tower
Su Causeway Maojia Lake
LINGYIN TEMPLE Yongfu Temple Fajin Temple
Three Ponds Mirroring the Moon
Feilai Peak Hangzhou Buddhist College Yuegui Peak
Three Ponds Mirroring the Moon
Yuegui Peak
Fajing Temple
Leifeng Tower Zhongyin Temple
Tianxi Mountain
Wulao Peak
Tianma Mountain Faxi Temple
Site Imformation Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province. It is a famous city in history and culture and also an important national tourist city with the beautiful scenery. The geographic position of the city proper is latitude 30° 16' north and longitude 120°12' east.
Great Compassion Pavillion
South lake Gaoli Temple Jingci Temple
Temple Lake Grotto
Crowed Point
Rodeway Attraction
Nanping Mountain
Mountain and Peak
Huayan Hall
Monks daily living space
In Buddhist monasteries, the Mahamudra is the main hall, also known as the Great Hall.
Meditation Hall The Depositary of Buddhist Texts Gong De Hall
Zhizhi Hall
The Hall of Arhats
Tianwang Hall
Monastic Dinning Hall The main role in the temple is to preach sutras and teach, and largescale sermons and pujas are held here.
A place where statues of the Five Hundred Lohans who followed Shakyamuni Buddha are enshrined.
Storeroom
Tourists leisure space
Medicine Hall It is the first hall in the Buddhist temple, mainly dedicated to the statues of Maitreya and the Four Heavenly Kings.
Monk's apartment Praying Hall
It is the fifth hall on the central axis of Lingyin Temple, dedicated to the three saints of Huayan, collectively known as the three Sakyamuni.
Shifang Noodle Restaurant Tearoom
It is the third main hall of Lingyin Temple, dedicated to the Medicine Buddha.
Garden Ruyi Hall
There are many tourists who do not have a clear concept of Buddhism, who worship and pray blindly, and who have an opportunistic mentality. What they see as worshipping Buddha is actually worshipping their own desires. Before starting the general ritual of worshipping Buddha on the central axis, it is important to go through the experiential building, starting from the understanding of one's own greed, anger and ignorance, and then learning to cultivate Buddha and comprehend the Buddha's way. Then the ritual can be performed to maximise the understanding of Buddhism.
Greed for the smooth realm, must be obtained, otherwise, the heart is not willing, the feelings are not willing. According to Buddhism, all beings living in the world, taste, smell, see, wealth and fame of the desire for profit as greed. It makes it difficult for all beings to find themselves in the fog of temptation.
Greed
Not understanding the truth, not knowing right from wrong, not distinguishing between good and evil, being perverted, and taking all kinds of evil actions. Because of the ignorance of all beings since the beginning of time, the mind is ignorant and confused about things, and therefore all troubles are based on dementia.
To become resentful of adverse realities, to lose one's temper when one does not get what one desires, to be irrational, and to act out of one's will. Buddhists believe that resentment towards others or other things that go against one's heart's desires causes sentient beings to develop resentment, annoyance, and emotions.
Hatred
Ignorance
Terrorist attacks:
A vindic tiv e mood c an break through the norms of reasoning and lead to terrorist attacks.
War:
People's extreme desire for land, natural resources, and economic benefits, which promotes war.
Self-inflicted suicidal behaviour: sanity shattered by laxity of will.
Depression:
loss of pleasure and self-denial leading to depressive behaviour.
Demonstrations:
Clash-style acts of resistance became one of the ways for the masses to vent their resentment.
Violence:
Greed compels man to affirm his existence through violence.
Drug use:
the hallucinogenic effects of drugs can give transient pleasure.
Cyber-violence:
The abusive and angry feelings of users on the Internet seem to be protected by the cyberenvironment.
Crime:
The extreme greed for money has led to a high incidence of crime in society.
Bullying: Gambling:
The gambler, driven by desire, loses his mind and falls into an abyss of remorse.
violent behaviour by adolescents aimed at asserting power.
Addicted to fun:
one's devotion to games and short videos is a sign of foolishness.
Greed, anger and ignorance come from Buddhism, the three poisons, also known as the three evils and the three fires. These three poisons harm the body and mind, causing people to sink into the cycle of birth and death, and are the root of evil, so they are also known as the three roots of badness. All kinds of human suffering mainly comes from their own greed, anger and stupidity, that is, the so-called "three poisons".
From the physiological structure of pigeon: pigeons are birds, birds have short intestines, must constantly eat, look insatiable, so pigeons are used as representatives of greed. Buddhism believes that the characteristics of pigeons are insatiable, never satisfied, no matter how much they eat, they will continue to eat as long as they still eat, and the insatiable character of pigeons is compared to mortal greed. The process of translating architectural space: Mouth Esophagus
Taste
Extract
Stomach Liver
Intestinal Cloaca
"Pigeon"
(Abstract pigeon's digestive system as path)
5 Shop2
Cafeteria
Smell
Tearoom
Vision
Garden
Wealth
Shop(Mammon)
Wisdom
Shop(Manjushri)
Monk Route Office
Translation process:
3 Garden 1 Cafeteria
4 Shop1
2 Tearoom
Based on the concept of greed in Buddhism, the basic symbolic features of the pigeon's intestines are distilled, combined with the function of the site, its role in this complex is set, and finally translated into a discourse.
Tourist Route
(Five corresponding functions)
(Five types of greed)
Site
Flat functional distribution
Renderings
Cafeteria
1
In the upper digestive tract of the pigeon, the Cafeteria is set up and corresponds to the appetite in greed. The channeling properties of the intestines will guide the viewer here to begin the gradual sinking into greed.
Tearoom
2
In the position of the oesophagus of the pigeon, a tea room is set up corresponding to the smelling desire in greed. The aroma of tea fills both sides of the tea room, stimulating the desire for smell.
Garden
3
A garden corresponding to the viewing desires in greed is set up at the central axis of the complex. Visitors can climb up here to see the statue of Buddha in the final building.
Shop (Mammon)
4
In the liver area of the pigeon, a shop of Buddhist tools corresponding to the desire for fame in greed is set up, alluding to the desire to buy Buddhist tools to gain fame.
Tourist Route
Smell
Wealth
Monk Route
Catering space along the sides of the esophagus.
Shops and open spaces along the meandering walls.
Taste
Vision
Wisdom
Cafeteria and entrances unfold along the sides of the pipe.
A garden lookout is set in the centre of the building. and the main entranc.
Shops and exits to the next building along both sides of the road.
Shop (Manjushri)
5
In the stomach, where pigeons store the most food, the shop of the god of wealth, which corresponds to the desire for wealth in greed, is set up.
The serpent in Buddhism represents hatred, which produces rejection and disgust for people, things that do not follow one's wishes.When greed is not satisfied, hatred arises. The Buddhist scriptures speak of anger, hatred, overfeeling, annoyance, jealousy and harm,which are summaries of the forms of hatred. The process of translating architectural space:
Praying
Da altar
Chanting
Qingjing altar Fahua altar Jingtu altar
Its ritual is divided into seven days, and the range of beings offered to salvation in the puja is quite extensive. With its seven-day ritual containing seven different hatreds in anger, its purifying function makes the anger in the human heart dissipate.
Lenyan altar Huayan altar
Hanging flags Abolving spirit Summoning Buddha Giving flowers
Inner altar
Sending Buddha
Hatred
Buddha offering hall
Overfeeling
Scripture library
Jealousy
Hanging garden
Annoyance
Statement hall
Fear
Chanting hall
Harm
Flower offering hall
Purification
Purified hall
6 Flowers offering hall
Overlay of activities and event sequences
(Seven-day rites)
Behaviour
(Six types of hatred)
(Seven functional Buddhist hall)
1 Buddha offering hall 7 Purified hall 2 Scipture library
5 Chanting hall
4 Statement hall
Main enty
Shui Lu Rites
"Snack"
Translation process:
Tourist Route
3 Garden
Flat functional distribution
Site
Buddha offering hall
1
Hatred needs to be dispelled by the Buddha, and as the first day of the seven-day rites, the monks will perform the Buddha ritual here.
Scripture libiary
2
On the second day of the rites, monks will hold a recitation of the Yakushi Sutra here to relieve the suffering of all beings.
Hanging garden
3
On the third day of the rites, the monks will hang streamers here, symbolising the request for all beings in heaven and earth to gather here.
Statement hall
4
On the fourth day of the rites, the monks will perform the Invocation Ceremony and the senior monks will hold the Precepts Talk.
Chanting hall
5
On the fifth day of the rites the monks will recite the Lama Sutra here to forgive suffering spirits and punish hatred.
Flowers offering hall
Hatred
Overfeeling
Jealousy
As visitors look around, the hall will have a calming effect on hatred.
Visitors will read the scr ip tur es her e, f ind themselves.
The beautiful surroundings will encourage visitors to value equality.
Annoyance
Fear
Harm
In the chanting of scripture, find answers to self-emptying.
The monks will be chanting the Lama Sutra here to dispel their fears.
Chanting the Avata-msaka Sutra to bid farewell to all beings and spirits.
Monk Route
Purity To c a u s e t h e b o d y and mind to overcome obstacles and to become purified by repenting.
6
The monks who are relieved of their hatred offer flowers, food, and recite the Avatamsaka Sutra to bid farewell to all living beings and spirits.
Purified hall
7
On the seventh day of the rites, the monks will perform the ceremony of sending off the saints here. Pray for purity to return to earth.
The practice of meditation and the recognition of resentment go hand in hand, and this textual concept is superimposed on the temporal sequence of events known as the 'Water and Land Puja', resulting in a building that responds spatially to resentment and functionally to the practice of meditation.
Renderings
Pig, usually used to describe stupidity, is used in Buddhism to represent dementia. Among all kinds of worries, dementia is the most fundamental one. It is also the root cause of greed, anger and other troubles. Because all beings are not aware of their own karma and cause and effect, they create all kinds of bad karma, which leads to suffering in the six paths of rebirth. The process of translating architectural space:
Monk's apartment
Monk entry route
Underground route
Gradual enlightenment of the mind corresponds to a gradual opening of the architectural form.
Nature of foolish
Classroom
Transtitional period
Communication boundary
Enlightened Wisdom
Pulpit
After the first two buildings respectively, people will sink into their own defects and become aware of themselves, in which ignorance can be taught and guided to become more sensible and wise. Different types of classrooms will be built in this building.
Transitional period
Communication boundary
Self-breakthrough
Self-study space
Esophagus
Phrase refinement
Pied-a-terre 3 Pulpit
Extract
"Pig"
Translation process:
1Classroom 2.4Communication boundary (Monk Route)
Tourist route
5 Self-study space
Five geometric forms
(Five corresponding functions)
Site
Taking the Buddhist concept of "dementia" as a concept, three symbols of degrees of wisdom are extracted - the square corners refer to ignorance, the circle is the wisdom after enlightenment, and the broken arc refers to further breakthroughs in wisdom. Combining the three classroom types eventually translates into the discourse.
(Flat fundational distribution)
Renderings Classroom
1
When people are still in a state of ignorance, they need to be taught by monks in a collective classroom to gradually remove the ignorance from their hearts.
Communication boundary
2
The two thick traffic junctions in the building symbolise the difficulty of progressing to the next stage of thought.
Pulpit
3
The next stage is when the mind becomes capable of self-knowledge, where one no longer needs to be taught a fixed number of things, but can continue to increase the latitude of the mind through the speeches of the monks.
Communication boundary
4
The architectural elements of the transport hubs here all foreshadow that the move to the next stage of thought is bound to be of a leaping nature.
Self-study space
Monk route
Ignorance
Difficulties
Monk entry route
The high wall embodies the gulf between the two realms of wisdom.
Winding passages foreshadow the twists and turns of life.
Self-awareness
Difficulties
Self-breakthrough
The purpose of the small courtyard in the centre is to enable students to communicate.
The Central Lecture Theatre provides a pulpit for the high priests.
A stand-alone meditation room to help the self break through wisdom boundaries.
5
The final stage is a method of learning in which people can raise the latitude of their minds without having to be taught by others at all - self-study, where individual study rooms are organised around a central shelf of books for the purpose of achieving a breakthrough in their minds.
Monk entry route
6
Monks accessing the middle pulpit lectern could speak from the central lectern, capturing the attention of people above and below.
In Buddhism, one attains freedom and liberation through the realisation of emptiness. Perfect moral character, commitment to inner peace, cultivating wisdom, empty of the three poisons, empty of self and empty of worldly beings to achieve a peaceful state of mind. The process of translating architectural space: 2 Guest's room
Monks
daily needs
room and board guest monk daily chanting cultivating
A f t er e x p er ienc ing t he f ir s t t hr e e buildings and seeing the mind, people can gradually be led through the dark underground passages ,looking up at the face of the Buddha and feeling the sacred space created by the Buddha together with the light and water.
Narrative climax
"Sakyamuni"
Tourists
Seeking inner peace
Monks' apartment
3 Buddha Hall
Buddha Hall
Monk entry route
4 Garden 5 Pureland
Guests' room Buddha hall Garden Pureland
Pulpit Library(self-study space)
Two types of users
Behavious
1 Monk's apartment
Functional spaces
Site
Tourist route
Translation process: As the climax of the narrative, the spatial elements of the building indulge in a synthesis of the three previous architectural symbols: the curve, the floating, the square and the circle. This symbol, as a textual element, recurs in the purport and expresses the author's main point: we must continue to seek peace; after all, confusion is always there.
Flat functional distribution
Renderings Monks' apartment
1
The monks' guesthouse with a rotating staircase patio in the centre as one of the sources of light can also be used for daily use by taking the staircase to the ground floor for Buddhist ceremonies.
Guests' room
2
As with the other living space, in addition to light from the patio, outdoor light is also necessary. On the ground floor there is also the Lenten Hall which will provide the monks with three meals.
Underground Buddha hall:
3
The statue of Buddha is in the central pool, which helps to reflect sunlight to the ceiling, supplementing the light in the underground space.reflect sunlight to the ceiling, supplementing the light in the underground space.
Garden:
4
Labouring as part of the monks' practice, a stepped vegetable field will be set up on the south side, and after a rainy day, rainwater will flow down the pipes under the platform step by step to irrigate the soil.
Purified hall
Tourist Route Tourist line
Monk entry route Tourist line
Monk Route
Underground Buddha hall In the chanting of scripture, find answers to self-emptying.
Guests' room
Monks' apartment
The spiral staircase solves the problem of vertical traffic.
A collection of monks' residences with communal attributes such as canteens and laundry rooms.
Garden
Pureland
Digestive elevation differences, space conversion, access, and open space
The Buddha statue, together with the skylight and the reflected light from the water, creates a climactic space.
5
People pass through the underground passage and finally arrive at the platform opposite to the Buddha statue, where the sky light and reflected light together create a sacred space, and people are brought into the pure land.
The path to purification The winding, dark paths that lead up to the Pure Land are always guided by the light at the end of the road. In fact, serenity has also been guiding the heart through the mists.
F
G
Monk Route
Tourist Route
From the past to the present, we ourselves are originally Buddhist at every moment, but blinded by the ignorance of greed, anger and dementia, we are in the fog of darkness, going round and round, losing ourselves and consequently falling into the state of mind of ignorance. It is as if we were going through the first three poisonous spaces and then disappeared into the underground space after going round and round. In the last space, we find the entrance to emptiness and purity in the mist, and are able to feel free from the bondage of things, to see the great world of cause and effect, to realise the existence of the self, and to let tranquillity return to our surroundings. The purification of past sins and poisons enables us to feel the joy of the cosmic cycle of rebirth and rebirth.
F: To enter the Buddha, one always has to fall to the lowest place, the darkest time, to have transcendental insight. G: Reaching the emptiness of the heart.
02. Daily life between new order -——Reactivating village with new production methods Nowadays, the revival of historic districts must go beyond the traditional material restoration of buildings, and should go deeper into the discovery, protection and activation of the meaning of life, and enter into the revival of "everydayness". The practice of comprehensive spatial improvement of historic districts, which aims to functionally improve spatial quality and integrate flexible interfaces, and ultimately recreates the cultural depth of the neighbourhoods and the "fireworks" of contemporary life. Behind the disordered surface of everyday life lies an ordered mechanism. Individual Work: ZIYANG FENG Location:Hangzhou,China Date:September-December/2021 Course:Topic 6
• Rural settlements with an emphasis on agricultural production This site has many small unplatted houses as well as several parking spaces. Could be used for future construction
The selected site includes the local neighbourhood council, a small hotel.
Residential house with arable land, where residents access the tea plantation through the backyard for picking and other production work.
Survey and Research Summary
The hotel on the original site has a low capacity and not so functional,lead to a poor economic effect.
This is a rural settlement that emphasises agricultural production, with residential houses built on the hillside and generally adapted to the difference in mountain height. The villagers living in such houses have easy access to their own cultivation areas. At the same time they have a large amount of tea to sell, and the present form of the colony is not convenient for some tourists who want to buy tea.
• Hybrid Space Paintings
+
In Longjing Village, it is not difficult to find that, like the settlements in this village, the villagers' home production is also complicated by the height difference, and complex tea production is also carried out in these houses, where the space is shaped by the production method. At the same time, in order to sell the tea better, the villagers will share some private space for reception, such a hybrid space form is the norm in this village.
+
• Elderly people sticking to the village Because of the excessive physical labour and the backwardness of the village's infrastructure, most of the young people in Longjing village chose to work in the city centre, even though the production and sale of Longjing tea is not cheap and can bring a good income. Nowadays, only the old people in Longjing Village insist on cultivating and producing Longjing tea, and they face all kinds of difficulties On the one hand, the gradual increase in their age and the decline of their physical functions make it difficult for them to cope with the differences in terrain. On the other hand, with the arrival of more and more tourists, the villagers of Longjing Village are facing the encroachment of the space that used to belong to them. vvAn architectural form needs to be proposed that can bring these dwellings together, allowing the villagers to form an economic aggregation as well as giving tourists a rich sense of life experience.
Tea planting
Living
Serviving
Making tea
Public welfare activities
Each family employs tea workers and sets aside space to provide for their living and production. tfunctional,lead to a poor economic effect.
Outdoor spaces can give Aboriginal residence more ways to use them in their daily lives.
Part of the public space belonging to the street is often used by Aboriginal people for tourists to have tea.
A common phenomenon is that villagers will occupy part of the public space for tea making and passers-by can smell the aroma of tea.
Every once in a while, a different charity event is held here, where a barber from the city centre comes to the village to give free haircuts to the elderly.
Visitors While the arrival of more and more tourists brings vitality to the village, there is also the risk of wanton destruction of the Longjing tea growing area.
• Block Generation System
• Traffic arrangement
2rd layer
Original terrain
Fixing site elevation differences The terrain of the mountain was trimmed so that it could be used for better placement of buildings.
Hotel reception Superior hotel room
Ro
ofs
Hotel room
wit
h la
rge
to
sm
all
cha
ng
es
Tea exhibition hall
Villagers' area Commercial area
Functional Space Division
Roof connection & Greening
Separate the main activity area for tourists and the living area for villagers, leaving a passageway for tourists to go deeper into the living area to experience the tea culture.
Roofs change from large to small and the addition of greenery makes for a richer community.
1st layer
Tourists Parking area
Villagers Main entrance
Viewing path
The main entrance is followed by a commercial area, a tea
Tea growing area
exhibition hall, a residential living area, a hotel reception area and luxury guest rooms. Visitors and residents can use different transport systems. Residents can enter their homes through several side entrances. Tourists, on the other hand, enter the building through the Garden
main entrance, where there are several public spaces for
Public area
tourists to play in: a tea exhibition hall and a hotel reception
Landscape system On each side of the neighbourhood are two different landscaping systems that can serve both tourists and locals
Viewing system & Parking
area with a fine restaurant, a café, a tea room and a
A wrap-around viewing walkway and parking would provide a better experience
You can even go deep into the neighbourhood to buy the
swimming pool. most authentic local tea or drink Longjing tea from the locals.
•Spatial stragy
How to ensure that the daily life of the residents is not violated by tourists, but at the same time can show and sell tea to tourists, and at the same time can let the villagers and tourists in the whole community feel the beauty of "everydayness". I designed a street in the residential area, on both sides of the ground floor of the houses have a certain area of eaves space to give residents the opportunity to display and sell, this spatial quality of the functionality of the enhancement of the flexible interface provides a good sense of daily experience. The courtyard and the street are important parts of this neighbourhood, they highlight two different spatial qualities, private and public, respectively, while the lively street is squeezed out by the courtyard, and a language of community with strong vitality is created. Shops, restaurants, monuments and public functions are logically placed in places where people can walk.
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Tourists Vilagers
1.Teahouse 2.Souvenir shop 3.Cafe 4.Restaurants 5.Regular villagers' houses 6.Houses with less family members 7.Tea exhibition hall 8.Outdoor area 9.Hotel room with larger courtyard 10.Courtyard 11.Office 12.Kitchen 13.Receprtion 14.Rest area 15.Swimming pool 16.Buffet style restaurant 17.Buffet restaurant kitchen 18.Changing room 19.Regular hotel room 20.Superior hotrl room with spa pool 21.Garden 22.Little theatre 23.Viewing path 24.Children's playground 25.Theatre 26.Tea -growing area
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Tourists Vilagers
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drawing
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1.Teahouse 2.Cafe 3.Restaurant 4.Regular villagers' houses 5.Houses with less family members 6.Tea exhibition hall 7.Hotel room with larger courtyard 8.Restaurant 9.Rest room 10.Meeting room 11.Regular hotel room 12.Superior hotel room with spa pool
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1.Villagers' residence 2.Artists' residence 3.Longjin Tea Museum 4.Viewing platform 5.Souvenir shops 6.Cafe 7.Resturant
•Reshaping everyday life "We shape the environment and the environment will shape us again". It is the daily landscape that is the sustainable memory. The beautiful daily landscape is composed of different groups and different lifestyles, events that everyone carries out every day, sunbathing, drinking tea under the trees, shopping in company, etc. These daily routines make the community colourful and vibrant. The design reconstructs the daily landscape of Longjing Village through boundary reshaping, organising the overall circulation, releasing unused space and respecting the local culture. Villagers Visitor
Cafes, teahouses, restaurants, souvenir shops
Cafe with open space
Teahouse with second floor
Tea exhibition Hall and hotel reception
Hotel rooms
Superior Hotel Room with spa pools and swimming pools
Tea exhibition
Hotel reception with leisure facilities
Houses where tea can be sold
Houses with more family's members
Restaurants with large glass areas
1.Main entrance
Dwellings
Hotel room with larger courtyard
Regular hotel room
3.A little theatre fo
or the community
2.A lively tea market in a residential area
4.Quiet trestle leading to the tea fields
5.Tea shops and restaurants
03. Living with land
-——Experimental rammed earth for sustainable building design Here are many young craftsmen from the city living in the old street of Sham Ao Village, most of them are nearly 30 years old and about to become mothers and fathers. In the south of Sham Ao Village, there is an abandoned playground due to the relocation of the primary school, with Sham Ao Primary School and kindergarten on the east and west sides respectively, and the kindergarten and the Sham Ao Group's office building are combined together in the middle of the period. Faced with the interesting situation of the abandoned playground, the irrational distribution of kindergartens in the neighbourhood, and the increasing demand for early childhood education in the village, we proposed a strategy of reusing the abandoned playground to build a "workshop kindergarten on the playground": recruiting talented young craftsmen, preserving the playground, and adding a kindergarten to it.
Individual Work: ZIYANG FENG Location:Hangzhou,China Date:March-June/2023 Course:Sythetic material foundation
·Environmental analysis
·Why there are two playgrounds?
N
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The summer winds are humid and bring a lot of precipitation, so the east side is not suitable for placing a lot of rammed earth walls. Winter winds blow from the north-east or north-west, and roof slopes should be avoided in this direction.
SITE The old playground was abandoned next to the new primary school and the old campus is now an office building in Shen Ao Village. The old campus is now an office building in Shen Ao Village. The streets around the playground are narrow, and as a public space it lacks vitality and life. I would like to revitalise the playground and at the same time re-energise the old village.
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
There is plenty of light throughout the year and long hours of light in the summer with some shading requirements.
·Demographic change poses new challenges Tourism
Young people
Artisans
Rammed house
The village is visited by many tourists and becomes a tourist attraction.
Gradually, many young people in the village are choosing to make a living by opening craft workshops in the area.
There are a lot of artisans here, and small workshops are especially common.
Many of the older houses are built of rammed earth and covered in white stucco.
Elderly Most of the old people in the village, due to health reasons, it is not convenient to walk too far to move.
Children At the same time, more and more young people are having children of their own, and as the children grow older, educational problems begin to emerge.
The site is located in Shenao Village. During our research, we found that there are many young craftsmen from the city living in the old street of Shenao Village, most of them are close to 30 years old and about to become mothers and fathers, and in the south of the village, there is a playground abandoned due to the relocation of the primary school, and on the east and west sides are the Shenao Primary School and kindergarten, and the kindergarten and the office building of the Shenao Group are grouped together in the middle of the period. Faced with the interesting situation of the abandoned playground, the irrational distribution of kindergartens in the neighbourhood, and the increasing demand for early childhood education in Sham Ao Village, we proposed a strategy of reusing the abandoned playground to build a "workshop kindergarten on the playground": recruiting talented young craftsmen, preserving the playground, and adding kindergartens to the playground.This will allow children, the elderly and parents to have plenty of outdoor space in the village whilst allowing children to attend school and the parents' workshops will provide an additional educational experience for the children. It's an advantage you can't get anywhere else.
·Structural Exploded Drawing
·Buildings generation system
Steel Roof
Curved volume
Site setbacks
Derived from the continuation of the playground texture and the distinction between the street frontage and the inner courtyard.
he volume is adjusted from the perspective of the village to form a rich interface facing the street and a complete interface facing the inner courtyard of the kindergarten.
Embediing workshop volume
Raising first floor
Responding to the off-site the field landscape and urban texture of the site create a deflected workshop volume design.
The visual connection between the inner courtyard and the street was established for the purpose of waterproofing the rammed earth and revitalising the street interface.
Rammed earth envelope
Bonding layer of red bricks
Timber cladding and floorin
Subsidence and slope creation The slopes and the excavation also form the boundaries between the street and the kindergarten and between the kindergarten and the workshops. the boundary between the street and the kindergarten and between the kindergarten and the workshop.
Concrete frame
Rooftop direction
The high and low roofs of the kindergarten echo the surrounding buildings. The undulating roof echoes the surrounding buildings, and the workshop's roof opens up The roof of the workshop opens up in such a way that the workshop is lit at different times. at different times of the day.
The site is located at the corner of the street, Shamal Village has a complex old street as well as a new village texture state, we want to respond to this texture under the We want to respond to the spatial impression of the village under this texture. Therefore, we try to divide and cut the building volume around the site's texture.
Inner courtyard
·Reinforcement of rammed earth shear resistance test Experimental comparison of the shear properties of rammed soil analyses in an attempt to arrive at a method that is favourable to the shear performance of rammed earth. of rammed earth is favourable.
·Block Generation System
9 5 1
6
11
8
7 13
Methods of making different rammed earth types and experimental re
4
3
2
1
·Screening of earth materials
Regular
Wavy texture
Folded texture
Terraced shape
Sunk shap
10
Types
14 15
12
1. mould 2. raw mud 3. sand 4. sieve 5. digging spoon 6. measuring cup 7. ferric oxide 8. bucket 9. tamping hammer 10. pliers 11. template 12. ruler 13. gloves 14. spanner 15. spring force gauge
Flow diagram
Take raw mud
Assembly of moulds and rammed earth
Tools and materials
Get sand & Stone
Filter soil
Experimen -tal rssult Stir
5：5：1 Stone：Sand：Water
Put in
Shear resistance test
OR
Test Grip the rammed earth
evenly broken
Too wet or too dry
Rammed earth after testing
Mould
Rammed earth
Assembling the membrane
Disassemble
Shear resistance value
Put sand in
Rammed earth
After mixing, the soil is tested according to the method of "hand-holding and falling" to see if the soil is can be tamped. Avoid the soil being too dry or too wet.
Block Generation System
Best perfor
esults
ken pe
rmance
Tilted shape
Embedded Embedded Embedded wood 1 wood 2 brick
·Kindergarten inner space
Experimental result In the shear performance test, the folded and wavy knuckle rammed construction improved the shear performance of the standard sized blocks to the best 200M test spring load meter limit, while the insertion of reinforcing structures in the "butterfly mortise and tenon" test did not improve the shear performance of the test blocks much. Folded rammed earth was ultimately chosen as the basic material for the subsequent building design. The reasons for this are that it possesses better shear resistance than normal rammed earth and is easier to fabricate than wavy rammed earth, which will save time and financial costs in construction.
·Workshop inner space
·Rammed earth construction simulation
·Modularization design of individual rammed earth walls
Formworks are very important in the actual construction of rammed earth. For this project, I designed new rammed earth formwork to ensure
Rammed earth, due to its nature, cannot be rammed too long, so there is a certain modulus that controls the size of the rammed earth, and
that the texture lines of the rammed earth can be precisely controlled and minimised during the construction process.
this law is not violated in this project, 1200mm, 2400mm, and 4800mm work together, and since the rammed earth wall will need expansion joints if it exceeds 7200mm, the rammed earth walls will be controlled in this project to stay within this size. Window openings and other operations are also carried out in strict accordance with the logic of rammed earth construction.
·Materials of formwork
·Trapezoidal formwork
·Reversed formwork
·Basic unit
·Next unit
The formwork is made of 30mm diameter plastic pipe, 30mm counterscrews and 50mm thick wooden boards.
Trapezoidal formwork rammed in a single block for precise control of the layer line
Second layer of reversed formwork, erected and rammed on top of the previous layer
Remove the formwork.
Fixed to the previous tamping with counter bolts on the formwork, on which the next tamping is continued.
·Edge formwork
·Continous folded texture
·Second type of textures
·Connection ramming
·Vertical formwork
Where the undulating texture of the rammed earth joins, making it piece by piece is the better option
Multiple compaction of the soil by tamping at the joints prevents the tamped soil from leaking down to the lower part of the ground.
After the lower layer of rammed earth has airdried, it is fixed with a formwork and rammed upwards.
Edge rammed earth individually tamped to prevent settlement.
Continuous folded r a m m e d e a r t h construction completed.
·Single volume construction simulation Visitors and residents can each occupy different transport systems. Residents can enter their homes through multiple side entrances. Tourists, on the other hand, enter the building through the main entrance,
·Concrete foundation
·Steel staircase
Levelling the ground and tamping the base with fair-faced concrete
Add a steel staircase system to this.
·Second floor frame The columns are shaped differently from the ground floor to facilitate subsequent rammed earth construction.
These three se communicate to
rich and intere of the building's
with the windo
respecting the log
earth construction ·Rammed erarth enclosure and windows Rammed earth is built between the columns and c a n e ff e c t i v e l y p r e v e n t settlement.
·Steel roof frames
·Steel enclosure
Because of the excellent shear resistance, some steel roofs can be erected on rammed earth surfaces by means of buttress bolts.
The folded roof allows for effective organised drainage and prevents rainwater from eroding the rammed earth.
plinths of the lat
following this sam
mathematical pat
·Aerial view of the entrance
ets of modes construct the
esting texture exterior skin,
ow openings
gic of rammed
n, and the roof
teral supports
me marvellous
ttern.
·Construction process
·Plans
Ground floor plan
Secon
·Longitudinal section 1
1.Villagers' residence
1
1
1
The building was constructed by laying the foundations, pouring the concrete frame, rammed earth on the facade, laying wood and windows inside the inner courtyard, pouring fair-faced concrete staircases and lunchtime platforms inside each classroom, laying the roof base on the rammed earth walls, laying the steel frame on the roof, and finally adding the steel enclosure.
1
2
1
3
1
You can see from this profile that the internal traffic of the nursery
safety of the children. The roof is also orientated so that during the the roof, which helps to cool it down.
The children's classrooms are located on either side of the entrance and both sides have steel staircases that lead directly to the ground level playground. Inside the classrooms there is a separate staircase leading to the lunch room on the third floor where the children can have their lunch break.On the south side there is a public programme area with a library, group rooms, workshops, etc. and on the south side, on the ground floor, there is the kindergarten's canteen. Children will be able to have connection with those craftmen through the through-high space.
Third floor plan
nd floor plan
Equipment room Classroom Library Workshop classroom Workshop Canteen Function room
Roof plan
·Longitudinal section 2 2
1
3 2
y is cut off from the external village space, as this ensures the
As can be seen from this section, the nursery has two entrances, both from the sunken space and from the staircase that
e summer months a wind catching effect can be created within
leads directly to the classrooms, inside the nursery classroom there is a staircase that leads to the third floor lounge, and in the collective classrooms there are small step spaces holding the theatre performances and the library adjacent to the classrooms.
·Street scene
·Construction detail 1
Roof steel framing construction: 6mm Galvanised sheet roof 3mm Waterproofing membrane 220mm Steel purlins 800mm Woven bamboo veneer
Roof steel framing construction: 6mm Galvanised sheet roof 3mm Waterproofing membrane 30mm Steel purlins 120dismm Steel purlins 130mm Connectors
60mm 300*1200 Pine board 50mm Cavity
2 80mm steel support rods
5mm Membrane waterproofing 15mm Pine matting 55mm C Shape steel structure overhead slope finding 400mm Concrete floor slabs House roof construction:
200mm Concrete flooring 45mm Rock wool insulation 20mmPine matting 5mm Membrane waterproofing Workshop roof construction :
60mm 300*1200 Pine board 40mm Wooden connectors
Roof support fittings
400mm*500mm Concrete beam 40mm Pre-embedded steel pipe
20mm Steel window frames
3
200mm Rammed earth 200mm Concrete structure spine
3mm Membrane waterproofing 75mm Rock wool insulation 40mm Interior wooden board Window framing construction:
12mm Wooden floor 3mm Membrane waterproofing 12mm Wood plank bedding 30mm Rock wool insulation 600mm Concrete floor
80mm L shpe steel 30mm Wooden keel layer 150mm Wooden keel beams 40mm Connected wooden board 40mm Interior wooden board Window framing construction:
Floor construction: 12mm Wooden flooring 3mm Waterproofing membrane 12mm Steel purlins 30mm Rock wood insulation 600mm Concreete floor 50mm Steel I-beams
04. Retaining dissipated memories -——Community Renewal Plan
for the Wuzhen Historic District Wuzhen was born by water. In the past, the land system of Wuzhen was not well developed, transportation was replaced by boats, and the transportation of goods up and down the river all depended on the wharf. Nowadays, the abandoned water tower has become the past history of Wuzhen, and this memory has been sealed. What I do is to look into the future, to connect the water towers on both sides of the river bank with a special building, to reuse the forgotten wharf, and to show its commercial value. This building focuses on creating people's experience of passing through, with multiple lines of sight penetrating and multiple routes overlapping, making the old houses around the building to be connected, thus activating the surrounding commercial buildings.
Individual Work: ZIYANG FENG Location:Hangzhou,China Date:March-June/2021 Course:Topic 2
·Vanishing Memory of Wuzhen Wuzhen Town, Tong Xiang City, Zhejiang Province, China (120°54′ E, 30°64′ N)
Jetty
Abandoned Factory Gan
Qua
nR
d.
GuanQuan Bridge
It is a rich and culturally rich historic district with docks, abandoned factories bridges, the historic commercial district of Wuzhen, residential areas, tourist attractions, water towers, lighthouses and more. The water transportation system, which relied on river transportation, is now history, and all memories of the town are dissipating. These interesting memories should be preserved and there should be more cohesion on both sides of the canal, with a building that would link this historic community crying out to be built.
Ch
No
ang
rthe
Fen g
nS tree
Str ee
t
t
·Vanishing Memory of Wuzhen
WuZ h
en B
ridg
e
Lighthouse
WuZhen Bridge
Abandoned Tower
·Impression of Wuzhen Town Commercial building There are many commercial
A tower-like structure that can be
Tower
River
As with the streets here, the river that
buildings built on the water,
However,
found everywhere and can be used for
runs deep into the neighborhood is
mostly restaurants and snack
residential areas a
firefighting in emergencies as well as
very narrow, resulting in little spacing
stores.
little further away
for lookout duties in ancient times. It is
between houses and weak lighting
from the viewpoint,
currently abandoned.
conditions.
residents continue
Jetty
in
to use boats for access.
Alley Resident
The narrow streets and alleys are the result of crowding out
Stone bridge
Because of the many waterways
Most of the residents here
the residents of Wuzhen for
here, many land transportation
run small stores and they are
commercial space, with weak
systems are connected by short,
older.
lighting conditions.
delicate arch bridges.
Black-topped ship As the water system is now controlled, the crow's nest boats are now only used for tourism and commercial purposes, and are popular with tourists.
Slow-paced life The slow pace of life for the residents of Wuzhen has not changed even in the tourist areas, as transportation is only possible by human feet. People who used to live by the river are now facing the streets inside because the water transportation system has lost its original purpose except for commercial use. Residents would fetch water here to grow vegetables or for domestic use. With its well-developed tourism industry, and more recently as the venue for t h e Wu z h e n I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n t e r n e t Conference and the Wuzhen Drama Festival, Wuzhen will be carrying a much larger volume of visitors, which means that the type of buildings in Wuzhen today are not sufficient to cope with the huge crowds of visitors, and in addition, this is a serious encroachment on the public space of the indigenous people.
·Top plan view
·Process Multi-transit system and visual system design evolution. 1.
2.
Demolition of abandoned factory buildings 3.
Embedded in a new volume 4.
Strengthen links within block 5.
Strengthening riparian linkages 6.
Increase visual connectivity
Increase landscape and jetty
·Plans
N
5
Wuzhen was born on the water. In the past, the land system of Wuzhen was not well developed, and the means of transport were replaced by boats, and the transport of goods up and down the river depended on the wharf. Nowadays, past history of Wuzhen, and this memory is
1
sealed. What I am doing is looking to the future, the river bank with a special building, reusing
4
1
the abandoned water tower has become the
connecting the water towers on both sides of
6
5
3
the forgotten wharf and showing its economic value. This building focuses on creating the experience of people passing through, with multiple lines of sight penetrating and multiple
7
2 1
routes overlapping, so that the old houses around the building are connected, which serves to activate the surrounding commercial buildings. As people walk through the building, they will pass through various exhibitions of Wuzhen's local cultural and traditional arts, such as shadow puppetry and tie-dye.
Ground Floor
·Section
The difference in height from one level down to the next nicely dissipates the towering volume of
1
the lighthouse, making it blend in better with the surrounding old houses. As a highly passable building, the three-story height allows for a richer wandering experience without being exhausting. The location of the pier under the riverbank
2
shares the same transportation system as the bridge connecting to the other side of the river, making this building largely convenient for the transportation system of this block. At the same time, I set up both lighthouses with viewing terraces capable of looking out over each other, which allowed the two sides of the riverbank to be connected by one's line of sight, enhancing the cohesiveness of the block.
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7
4 4
7
6 5
7 8
N
4
3
2 1
1 Exhibition Hall 2.Reading Room 3.Lighthouse Entrance 4.Platform 5.Jetty 6.Water Extraction well 7.Viewing Platform
Second Floor
1 Rest Room 2.Lighthouse 3.Exhibition Hall 4.Water Tower
1.Viewing Platform 2.Resting Platform 3.Entrance for Tower 4.Exhibition Hall 5.Garden 6.Path 7.Entrance Path 8.Entrance Garden 9.Bridge 10.Jetty 11.Viewing Platform 12.Water Extraction Well
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9 10
12
·Exploded
·Exhibition Hall
vie
w
·Entrance
Pool Grass Exhibition Hall Reading Room Rest Room Jetty Rest Platforms Observation tower Path 1 Tower to Tower Path 2 (Ground Floor) Path 3 (Second Floor)
·staircases
·Rest Room
·Tower
·Reading Room
05. Other work
·Scenario drawing
·Phenomenological sketch
·West garden
This course is a spatial translation of an ancient Chinese travelogue based on the theory of Chinese painting studied during the semester. This assignment largely trains our perception of space and the way it is represented. Finally, we will express it by hand modeling.
Scene drawing was our assignment for fieldwork, and the assignment requirement was to reproduce the character traits and spatial feelings of the research site by drawing, and this training helped us to refine the spatial language to a great extent.
·Study of Traditional Wooden Corridor Bridges
This course is asking us to study traditional Chinese corridor bridges and to analyze and reproduce their structural systems, using a 1:200 size handmade model as a basis for design.
·Star-studded Sky Beijing DRC Installation Design Project
·Red-brick pavilion D e s i g n a n d Construction This is a foundational course during the freshman year, and the course requires students to design a pavilion using red brick as the primary material, and hopefully utilizing as much red brick masonry as possible. Students were also asked to build it in the field.
This practical project uses nature as a medium to explore the behavioral interaction between people and nature, taking the extremely diverse community of diplomatic Apartment as a sample to create a new way of communication and community place.
Elevation
1-1 Perspective drawing
·Innovative design of traditional wooden structures
Plan 2-2 Perspective drawing
This course requires students to reconceptualize a novel structural solution and apply it to the furniture level, based on a wood construction case study. It will eventually need to be built out by hand..