Tennessee Greentimes - Fall 2017

VOL. 18/NO. 3

Fall 2017

TN Green Industry Expo October 5–6, 2017 McMinnville, TN

Green Industry Voices:

Emerging Professionals Avoid Herbicide Resistance

By Understanding How Turfgrass Herbicides Work

VOL. 18/NO. 3 •

Upcoming Event Program for the TN Green Industry Expo, October 5–6, 2017, McMinnville, TN

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Cover Story Green Industry Voices: Emerging Professionals

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Departments From the President, Josh Woodlee...................................................................................6 News from UK..................................................................................................................22 Industry News...................................................................................................................24 Welcome, New TNLA Members.....................................................................................24 Index of Advertisers.........................................................................................................24 Calendar of Events...........................................................................................................26

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tennessee greentimes Fall 2017

Fall 2017

Turf Talk Avoid Herbicide Resistance

By Understanding How Turfgrass Herbicides Work

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The Tennessee Nursery and Landscape Association serves its members in the industry through education, promotion and representation. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, or its board of directors, Tennessee GreenTimes, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or their identification as Tennessee Nursery and Landscape Association members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in this, past or subsequent issues of this quarterly publication. Copyright ©2017 by the Tennessee Nursery and Landscape Association.

Tennessee GreenTimes is published quarterly.

Subscriptions are complimentary to members of the Tennessee Nursery and Landscape Association Third-class postage is paid at Nashville, TN. Printed in the U.S.A. Reprints and Submissions: Tennessee Green Times allows reprinting of material. Permission requests should be directed to the Tennessee Nursery and Landscape Association. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information.

Advertising: For display and classified advertising rates and insertions, please contact Leading Edge Communications, LLC, 206 Bridge Street, Franklin, TN 37064, (615) 790-3718, Fax (615) 794-4524.

From the President Josh Woodlee

Be Sure to TNLA Would like to

Thank

the following companies for being

Membership Sponsors Gold Membership Sponsors Barky Beaver Mulch & Soil Mix, Inc. Blankenship Farms Cherry Springs Nursery Flower City Nurseries Fuston’s Nursery Monrovia Nufarm Americas, Inc. Putnals Premium Pine Straw, Inc. Randall Walker Farms Samara Farms Southern Ag Swafford Nursery, Inc. Tennessee 811 Warren County Nursery, Inc. Youngblood & Associates, PLLC

Silver Membership Sponsors BWI of Memphis Dayton Bag & Burlap Co. Nashville Landscape Systems, Inc.

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tennessee greentimes Fall 2017

Join Us at the

TNGIE,

October 5–6, 2017 !

F

all is upon us, and it is once again time to shift gears. Gone are the days of heat and humidity (I hope), and now we turn to what will surely be a busy and productive fall sales season. If weeds are any indication, I’m sure it was a very productive growing season for everyone in the nursery industry, as well as a lucrative mowing season on the landscaping side of things. I for one, however, am very much looking forward to cooler weather and getting back to shipping material, as I am sure all of you are as well.

As we begin to focus on what we have available to sell this year, we must also start to look towards marketing and sales. For this, I would encourage everyone to exhibit at the upcoming TNGIE trade show, once again being held in McMinnville on October 5–6. Following glowing reviews from exhibitors and attendees alike last year, we are continuing the added social events associated with the trade show, including the clay shoot, the golf tournament and an evening at Tupper Farms, and new this year is a barbecue dinner before an evening at the Park Theater downtown. I think we can all look forward to another great event and another opportunity to interact with both new and old customers alike.

In closing, I would like to wish everyone a very productive fall season. Cooperation and camaraderie have always been staples in our industry for as long as I have been a part of it, so I would encourage everyone to do business within the TNLA and its membership whenever they can. We are glad to serve our membership, and I am looking forward to talking to all of you at the trade show.

Josh Woodlee 2017 TNLA President

The Tennessee Greentimes is the official publication of The Tennessee Nursery & Landscape Association, Inc. 115 Lyon Street McMinnville, Tennessee 37110 (931) 473-3951 Fax (931) 473-5883 www.tnla.com Email: mail@tnla.com Published by Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, Tennessee 37064 (615) 790-3718 Fax (615) 794-4524 Email: info@leadingedge communications.com Editors Dr. Bill Klingeman Dr. Amy Fulcher Associate Editors Dr. Donna Fare Dr. Nick Gawel Dr. Frank Hale Dr. John Sorochan TNLA Officers President Josh Woodlee David’s Nursery 1st Vice President Justin Stelter JS Gardening, LLC 2nd Vice President Jon Flanders Botanico, Inc. 3rd Vice President Bert Driver Bert Driver Nursery Secretary-Treasurer Cody Walker Walker Nursery Co. Associate Director Milton Whitsett Griffin Greenhouse Supplies Ex-Officio Kim Holden Holden Nursery Executive Director Louree Walker

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Tradeshow Hours Thursday, October 5 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Upcoming Event

The Event For All Your Horticulture Needs

Friday, October 6 9:30 a.m. – 2:00 p.m.

Host Hotels Be sure to make your reservations at either of this year’s host hotels — Best Western in McMinnville or Comfort Suites in Manchester — early. Rooms will sell out quickly! To make your reservation, call the numbers listed below.

Best Western in McMinnville Rate: $72 for single/double,

by September 8.

809 Sparta Street McMinnville, TN 37110 (931) 473-2159 (about 2 miles from Civic Center)

McMinnville Civic Center

500 Garfield Street • McMinnville, TN

October 5–6, 2017

The

Comfort Suites in Manchester Rate: $91 for single/double,

by September 8.

152 Hospitality Blvd.

Manchester, TN 37355 (931) 728-1301 (about 25 miles from Civic Center, off I-24, Exit 114)

Tennessee Nursery & Landscape Association and the Middle Tennessee Nursery Association are excited to be partners again in the Tennessee Green Industry Expo! The two associations are pooling resources and combining forces to hold a joint event that promises to be the state’s premier nursery and landscape get-together.

The Expo — packed with exhibitor displays, products and equipment — will be held on Thursday, October 5, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., and Friday, October 6, from 9:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. Additionally, several educational sessions will be held for attendees on Thursday. See program details on the next page.

Easily accessible and affordable, the Tennessee Green Industry Expo is a great alternative to traveling the country searching for the products you need to make your business successful and increase your bottom line! Located within a day’s drive of more than half of the nation’s population, the Tennessee Green Industry Expo connects you with the industry’s top producers of plants and related products.

TNLA and MTNA look forward to seeing you here!

tennessee greentimes Fall 2017

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Pre-Expo Events

Expo Education Program

Tuesday, October 3

Thursday, October 5

HRI/TNLA Golf Tournament McMinnville Country Club McMinnville Country Club (Download application and details at www.tngie.com.)

8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Registration open.

1:00 a.m. Registration 1 11:30 a.m. Lunch 1:00 p.m. Shotgun Start Awards after tournament.

Wednesday, October 4 8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.

Tradeshow Setup 8:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Nursery Tour The TNGIE Nursery Tour is co-sponsored by the Tennessee Department of Agriculture-Marketing. Tour stops will include: Don Yancy & Son’s Nursery, Dry Shave Mountain Nursery, Magness Nursery, Panter & Sunderland Nursery, Pleasant Cove Nursery and Walker Nursery/Walker Gardens.

The tour is $25 per person, with a maximum of 56 people on the tour. The tour will include lunch, beverages and snacks. The tour is for the industry, on a first-come, first-served basis; therefore, register early.

A blend of field, container and liner production will be seen on the tour. You may want to wear jeans or pants and comfortable walking shoes. The deadline to register for tour participation is September 22. For availability or additional information, please call (931) 507-7322.

Special Evening Event at Tupper Tree Farm (875 Dyer Circle, Morrison, TN) Join us at Tupper Tree Farm for a night of fun and entertainment. Food will be a low-country boil (shrimp, sausage, corn and potatoes), and entertainment will be provided by Midnight Toast, a southern rock band. This event requires a ticket — $5 for exhibitors and $10 for adults.

Tickets must be picked up at the TNGIE registration desk on Wednesday prior to 5:00 p.m.

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9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Tradeshow open.

8:30 a.m.

The Right Way of Pruning or Prevention of Tree Disease Presenter: Jonathan Womack, McMinnville Electric, McMinnville *C3, 10, 12

9:30 a.m.

Improving the Accuracy and Consistency of Pesticide Applications with Backpack Sprayers Mitchell Mote, University of Tennessee Extension, Murfreesboro *C2, 3, 6, 10, 12

10:30 a.m.

CSI — Plant Pest Diagnostics Tom Stebbins, University of Tennessee Extension, Chattanooga *C2, 3, 6, 10, 12

11:30 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Lunch 1:00 p.m.

Optimum Use of Pest Resistant Plants Carol Reese, University of Tennessee Extension, Jackson *C2, 3, 10, 12

2:00 p.m.

Healthy Soils, Better Turfs, Fewer Pesticides Dr. Tom Samples, University of Tennessee Extension, Knoxville *C2, 3, 6, 10, 12

3:00 p.m.

“IPM Approach” to Aquatic Weed Management Creig Kimbro, University of Tennessee Extension, Coalmont *C5, 10, 12 Potential Points for the entire day: C2=4, C3=5, C5=1, C10=6, C12=6 *Pesticide Points Kentucky Pesticide CEU’s have been applied for. International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) CEU’s have also been applied for.

4:00 p.m.

Special Presentation “TNLA Goes West.....Farwest” August 21–24, 2017, fifteen TNLA past board members and award winners traveled to Portland Oregon and attended the Farwest show and toured nurseries and garden centers. Everyone is invited to attend this presentation as they share their experiences including new products, new production methods, and vendor relationships. All exhibitors and attendees are invited to attend, no special ticket needed.

Farmers Market Pavilion – Dinner Market Street (beside water tower downtown) • McMinnville, TN Dinner will include: chicken halves, green beans, hash brown casserole, banana pudding. Choice of drink. This event requires a ticket — $5 for exhibitors and $10 for attendees for all ages.

Special Evening Event Park Theater – The WannaBeatles 115 West Main St. • McMinnville, TN This event requires a ticket — $5 for exhibitors and $10 for attendees for all ages. Tickets must be picked up at the TNGIE registration desk prior to 5:00 p.m. on Thursday.

Friday, October 6 8:00 a.m.

TNLA Annual Awards and Business Meeting New officers for 2018 will be elected.

Awards will be given to the Wholesale Nursery Professional, Young Nursery Professional, Salesperson, Landscape Company, Retailer and Hall of Fame inductees for 2017.

9:00 a.m.

MTNA Annual Business Meeting New officers for 2018 will be elected.

9:30 a.m. – 2:00 p.m.

Tradeshow open.

Saturday, October 7 8:00 a.m.

MTNA Sporting Clay Tournament Prairie Shooters Club, Inc. 5972 Prairie Plains Rd. • Hillsboro, TN (Download application and details at www.tngie.com.) C

Cover Story

Green Industry Voices: Emerging Professionals

By Andy Pulte, Ph.D., Undergraduate Coordinator, The Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee

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any popular industry magazines have recently featured articles that discuss the challenges imposed by labor shortages. At the same time, colleges and universities across the country have been talking about less-than-stellar enrollments in horticulture and plant sciences programs. The challenges are real, yet prospects are not all doom and gloom: enrollments for some schools have stayed steady or even increased. What’s more, the creative and crafty next generation of green-industry professionals are already making impacts in the field, some of them right here in Tennessee.

High school horticulture Across the state of Tennessee, we have many wonderful high school educators

focusing on agriculture, horticulture and the green industry in their classrooms. I wanted to gain a prospective on trends from the eyes of one of these teachers.

Lucas Holman, agriculture teacher at Rutherford County Schools, has had success getting many of his students interested in horticulture. When I asked Lucas about plants and topics that his students are interested in, his answer was not far off from what you would expect to hear from any retail consumer. “All of my students really love color,” he said. “Whenever I show them the catalogs of things to select and grow in our greenhouse, they always go to those [plants and flowers] that are the brightest in color.”

Lucas also mentioned, “Students today learn so much more by doing things hands-on. My favorite part of teaching high school horticulture is watching their

Photo 1: Dr. Brandon Horvath, UT Plant Sciences Turfgrass Pathologist, teaches about the challenges of growing and maintaining healthy turfgrass at UT’s Neyland Stadium. • Photo 2: Plant propagation is best learned through “handson” experiences, like learning to take cuttings of coleus in Dr. Andy Pulte’s herbaceous plant propagation laboratory. • Photo 3: Students tour a craft brewery to learn about the contribution that plants make by providing hops for specialty beer brewing. • Photo 4: Students gain exposure to international horticulture by touring a hydroponics facility in Jamaica during UT’s summer mini-term.

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1 2

3

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Cover Story Continued internal lights click [on]. There always comes a moment when a student realizes they can propagate just about anything.”

Personally, I’m grateful for the work educators like Lucas are doing across the country to get students interested in plants.

These teachers are, without a doubt, on the front lines of preparing tomorrow’s young professionals. As engaged greenindustry professionals, we should continue to support their efforts when the opportunity arises.

Undergraduate horticulture As the undergraduate coordinator for the department of Plant Sciences at The University of Tennessee (UTK), I have a

unique perspective on trends in undergraduate horticulture. I echo much of what was said in the high school section.

Students are first attracted to colorful plants that are “obviously cool,” and then they refine the plants they like as their plant palette diversifies. Plant-propagation classes, even for non-majors, seem to really excite students, and those students propagating plants for the first time always seem to want to do more. I hardily recommend that if you get the opportunity to do any simple plant propagation with young people, please do it! You may inspire a future industry leader.

As for trends in undergraduate horticulture, programs across the country have seen contraction in some areas and

Prospects for Employment in Agriculture According to a 2015 employment outlook report from USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) and Purdue University, a total of 35,400 U.S. students graduate each year with a bachelor’s degree or higher in agriculturerelated fields. Job prospects for graduates are excellent, considering the 22,500 shortfall in employees needed to fill the 59,700 industry job openings available annually.

Across the State Dr. Donald Sudbrink, Professor and Chair, Plant Sciences and Pest Management at Austin Peay State University, has one of the fastest growing programs in agriculture in the state. Dr. Sudbrink reports that of 250 students in agriculture, 60 of them are interested in the plant sciences. “Students in our program have a broad interest in plants; many are excited about organic and sustainable agriculture,” he said. “Others are interested in innovative ways to improve traditional agronomic crops like tobacco.”

Tennessee Tech University School of Agriculture professor Dr. Douglas Airhart works within a green-industry program including horticulture, nursery management and turf management. Airhart said, “Our students interest areas include general production methods, landscaping and design, native and medicinal plants, and satisfying plant health care requirements with a sustainable approach.”

I also asked Dr. Airhart about which aspects of the plant sciences and being a part of the green industry he believed appeals most to his current students.

He responded, “Their attractions to the green industry are broad [and] include working outdoors, minimizing environmental impacts, enjoying the beauty and mystery of plants and pollinators, and helping people make their world a better place while earning money.”

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expansion in others. At UTK, we have seen growth in our turfgrass science and management and organic-food production concentrations. At the same time, we have struggled to recruit students who are interested in ornamental plants and landscape design as an academic path and career choice.

Still, well-trained students will have great opportunities! They will enter the career field with fewer peer competitors and will be entering the job market at a time when demand for sales and services surrounding ornamental plants is projected to stay steady.

Horticulture in the public eye The University of Tennessee has a unique undergraduate program in Public Horticulture. This program prepares students for jobs in public gardens, horticultural education and mass-media communications in the green industry. Like many of our alumni, I expect many of our current students will become stellar ambassadors to the U.S. green industry.

Our current young professionals are turning their social-media and communication skills into ways of teaching others about plants. Retail outlets across the country are now providing unique job and internship opportunities for students with expertise in technology, social media and horticulture. Many of the most successful retail hard-goods sections have been transformed into “outdoor lifestyle” outlets for consumers seeking to connect with nature; much of this is driven by social media. Several industry experts, myself included, see this as a possible gateway for consumers into more traditional gardening. Our public horticulture program at UTK seeks to train these versatile emerging industry leaders no matter where they land in the industry: from retail nursery sales to careers at botanical gardens and arboreta.

I recently communicated with Brian Trader, Ph.D., interim director of Longwood Gardens Graduate Program, who additionally coordinates both international and domestic internship programs

for undergraduates at Longwood Gardens.

This is considered one of the premier internship programs in horticulture worldwide. Dr. Trader sees some of the best of the best undergraduate students who are preparing for their careers.

When I asked about what he is seeing when he interacts with students who want to work with both plants and people, he was encouraged. “Emerging young industry professionals are assets to their profession not only because they are our future, but also they are versatile, resourceful, environmentally and culturally sensitive and seemingly invincible, Trader said. “Their commitment to an improved society aligns well with the mission of most public horticulture institutions (and green-industry professionals). Self-awareness and communication across generations is an area where many emerging professionals could gain more experience and practice. Though this comes with immersion in the workforce, the tenure of young industry members within any one organization is abbreviated by their pursuit of the next step. Public gardens need to adapt and incentivize these young professionals to retain their knowledge, passion and preserve their commitment to the institution.”

Get involved We need those in the industry at every level to be cultivating our next generation of leaders. We have a reputation with many as being just laborers with trucks and shovels. However, those of us in the profession know ours is a vibrant industry committed to both feeding and beautifying the world. We use technology, provide meaningful careers and help people.

If you get a chance, look up “Seed Your Future,” which is a movement that seeks to excite youth about careers in horticulture by putting a human face on our discipline’s core beliefs: that horticulture is universal and invaluable, and above all, horticulture is life. I would welcome the chance to interact with you on this topic.

Please feel free to contact me (Andy Pulte) anytime; I can easily be found using any search engine. C

Turf Talk

Avoid Herbicide Resistance

By Understanding How Turfgrass Herbicides Work

By Gregory K. Breeden, UT Extension Specialist, Turfgrass Weed Science; James T. Brosnan, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Turfgrass Weed Science; and Javier Vargas, Research Associate, Turfgrass Weed Science, The University of Tennessee

H

erbicides are chemicals that inhibit normal plant-growth processes, resulting in the death of susceptible weeds. The processes by which herbicides kill weeds are called modes of action, while the location where these effects occur at the cellular level is termed the site of action or the mechanism

of action. The Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) uses a numerical system to group herbicides by mechanism of action. A more detailed description of this numerical system is presented in Table 1.

Continual reliance on herbicides that employ the same mechanism of action has

led to the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds in turfgrass, as well as in other agricultural systems. Developing weedmanagement programs utilizing herbicides that employ different mechanisms of action is critical to both preventing and managing herbicide-resistant weeds. It is recommended to rotate herbicides that

Table 1: Mechanisms for action of herbicides used to control weeds in turfgrass.

WSSA Action Group

3

Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACCase) Inhibitor Acetolactate Synthase (ALS) Inhibitor Microtubule Inhibitor

4

Synthetic Auxin

5, 6 & 7

Photosystem II Inhibitor

8 & 16

Lipid Biosynthesis Inhibitor

9

EPSP Synthase Inhibitor

10

15

Glutamine Synthetase Inhibitor Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (PPO) Inhibitor Long Chain Fatty Acid Inhibitor

17

Specific Site Unknown

21 & 29

Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (CBI)

22

Photosystem I Inhibitor

26

Specific Site Unknown

27

Carotenoid Biosynthesis Inhibitor

1 2

14

16

Mechanism of Action

tennessee greentimes Fall 2017

Description Inhibits synthesis of fatty acids required for building new cell membranes Inhibits the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme involved in synthesizing branch chain amino acids such as isoleucine, leucine and valine Inhibits microtubule structure and function during cell division Acts similar to endogenous auxin (IAA) causing uncontrolled cell division and growth that damages vascular tissue Inhibits proper electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis (i.e., photosystem II) Inhibits synthesis of fatty acids and lipids Inhibits production of aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine) required for protein synthesis Inhibits conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine Inhibits the PPO enzyme involved in chlorophyll and heme synthesis Inhibits very long chain fatty acid synthesis The mechanism of action for these herbicides remains unknown, but could potentially be nucleic acid inhibitors Inhibits cell wall synthesis Herbicides accept electrons from photsystem I leading to oxidative stress that damages cellular structures The mechanism of action for these herbicides remains unknown Inhibits synthesis of carotenoid pigments that protect chlorophyll from oxidative stress

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Turf Talk Continued employ different mechanisms of action as often as possible, as well as implementing cultural practices that maximize turf competition and limit weed encroachment.

Table 2 lists single active ingredient herbicides used in turfgrass by mechanisms of action group number. These WSSA group numbers can also be found on most herbicide labels (Figure 1).

In turfgrass, multiple active ingredients are often sold commercially as prepackaged mixtures to broaden the spectrum of weeds controlled by a single herbicide application. While these products are quite useful tools for weed control, they do not replace the need to rotate to herbicides with other mechanisms of action because active ingredients in these mixtures are often included at rates lower than what would be recommended when these materials are applied alone (i.e.,

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Figure 1: The Weed Society of America (WSSA) uses a numerical system to group herbicides by mechanism of action. The WSSA group number can be found on most herbicide labels.

Table 2: Single herbicide active ingredients labeled for use in turfgrass.

Mode of Action

Mechanism of Action

WSSA Action Group

Lipid Biosynthesis Inhibitor

Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACCase) Inhibitor

1

Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor

Acetolactate Synthase (ALS) Inhibitor

Chemical Family

Aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOPs) Cyclohexanedione (DIMs)

Sulfonylurea 2

Sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone Imidazolinone Triazolopyrimidine Pyrimidinyl(thio)benzoate Dinitroaniline Root Growth Inhibitor

Microtubule Inhibitor

3 Pyridine Benzamide Phthalic Acid Phenoxy

Synthetic Auxin

Not Well Understood

4

Benzoic Acid Pyridine Carboxylic Acid

4 & 26**

Quinoline Carboxylic Acid Triazine

Active Ingredient

fenoxaprop fluazifop sethoxydim chlorsulfuron flazasulfuron foramsulfuron halosulfuron imazosulfuron iodosulfuron metsulfuron rimsulfuron sulfosulfuron trifloxysulfuron thiencarbazone imazaquin

Ex. Trade Names

Acclaim Extra Fusilade II Segment Corsair Katana Revolver SedgeHammer Celero *NA Manor TranXit Certainty Monument *NA Image

imazapic

Plateau

florasulam penoxsulam bispyribac-sodium benefin oryzalin pendimethalin prodiamine trifluralin dithiopyr pronamide DCPA 2,4-D MCPP MCPA 2,4-DB dicamba clopyralid fluroxypyr triclopyr quinclorac atrazine simazine metribuzin amicarbizone bromoxynil bentazon siduron bensulide

Defendor Lockup Velocity Balan Surflan Pendulum Barricade Treflan Dimension Kerb *NA

Banvel Lontrel *NA Garlon Drive XLR8 AAtrex Princep Sencor Xonerate Buctril Basagran Tupersan Bensumec

Various

Photosynthesis Inhibitor

Photosystem II Inhibitor

5

Photosynthesis Inhibitor

Photosystem II Inhibitor

6

Photosynthesis Inhibitor Lipid Biosynthesis Inhibitor Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor

Photosystem II Inhibitor Not Well Understood

7 8

Triazinone Triazolinone Nitrile Benzothiadiazinone Urea Phosphorodithioate

EPSP Synthase Inhibitor

9

Glycine

glyphosate

Roundup Pro

Nitrogen Metabolism

Glutamine Synthetase Inhibitor

10

Phosphinic Acid

glufosinate-ammonium

Finale

Cell Membrane Disrupter

Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (PPO) Inhibitor

carfentrazone sulfentrazone flumioxazin oxadiazon pyraflufen-ethyl dimethenamid metolachlor ethofumesate monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA)

Quicksilver Dismiss Sureguard Ronstar Octane Tower Pennant Prograss

Asulox

Aryl Triazinone 14

N-phenylphthalimide Oxadiazole Pyrazole

15

Chloroacetamide

Lipid Biosynthesis Inhibitor

Long Chain Fatty Acid Inhibitor Not Well Understood

16

Benzofuran

Not Well Understood

Not Well Understood

17

Organic Arsenical

Dihydropter-oate (DHP) Synthase Inhibitor Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitor (CBI) Cell Membrane Disrupter

Not Well Understood

18

Carbamate

asulam

Cell Wall Biosynthesis Inhibitor Photosystem I Inhibitor

21

Benzamide

isoxaben

Gallery

Not Well Understood

Not Well Understood

22 26 & 4** 26

Bipyridilium Quinoline Carboxylic Acid Dithiocarbamate Triketone

diquat quinclorac dazomet mesotrione

Reward Drive XLR8 Basamid Tenacity

Pyrazolone

topramezone

Pylex

Alkylazine

indaziflam

Specticle

Shoot Growth Inhibitor

Carotenoid Biosynthesis Inhibitor Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitor (CBI)

4-HydroxyphenylPyruvate-Dioxygenase (HPPD) Inhibitor Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitor

27 29

*NA = Not available alone, but can be found in numerous mixtures. **Quinclorac WSSA action groups are 4 for dicots and 26 for monocots.

Various

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Turf Talk Continued not in a mixture). Table 3 lists example herbicides labeled for use in turfgrass that contain multiple active ingredients and the corresponding WSSA group number for each. Figure 2 is an example of how these groups may be represented on the product label.

For more information on herbicide resistance and herbicide selection, please visit the following sites: • www.TennesseeTurfgrassWeeds.org/ pages/herbicide-resistance.aspx • www.TennesseeTurfgrassWeeds.org/ pages/herbicide-selection-tool.aspx • www.MobileWeedManual.com If you suspect that a weed might be resistant to a herbicide, it is important to report cases to University of Tennessee Extension specialists who are focused on weed management. Reporting allows specialists to not only track herbicide

resistance spread across the state of Tennessee but also to conduct tests to diagnose resistance in weeds of interest and provide alternative recommendations for control. For more information about

reporting a resistance case or conducting diagnostic tests to confirm resistance in a particular weed species, please visit the UT Weed Diagnostics Center (www.WeedDiagnostics.org). C

Figure 2: Some herbicides labeled for use in turfgrass contain multiple active ingredients from various WSSA groups, as shown on the above label.

Table 3: Select herbicides labeled for use in turfgrass that contain multiple active ingredients.

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Trade Name(s)

Active Ingredients

WSSA Action Groups

2DQ 4-Speed XT Anderson’s Goosegrass/Crabgrass Blindside Brushmaster Celsius ChangeUp Confront, 2D Coolpower, Horsepower, Eliminate Dismiss South Echelon Escalade 2 Freehand Last Call Millennium Ultra 2 Momentum FX2 Negate Powerzone ProDeuce Q-4 Plus QuickPro Solitare Specticle Total Speedzone Squareone Surge, Surezone Tribute Total Trimec Classic, Three Way, Others Trimec Encore Trimec Plus T-Zone

2,4-D + dicamba + quinclorac 2,4-D + triclopyr + dicamba + pyraflufen-ethyl oxadiazon + dithiopyr sulfentrazone + metsulfuron 2,4-D + 2,4-DB + dicamba thiencarbazone + iodosulfuron + dicamba MCPA + fluroxypyr + dicamba triclopyr + clopyralid MCPA + triclopyr + dicamba sulfentrazone + imazethapyr sulfentrazone + prodiamine 2,4-D + fluroxypyr + dicamba dimethenamid + pendimethalin fenoxaprop + fluroxypyr + dicamba 2,4-D + clopyralid + dicamba 2,4-D + triclopyr + fluroxypyr metsulfuron + rimsulfuron carfentrazone + MCPA + MCPP + dicamba glyphosate + prodiamine quinclorac + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + dicamba glyphosate + diquat sulfentrazone + quinclorac indaziflam + glyphosate + diquat carfentrazone + 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba carfentrazone + quinclorac sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba MCPA + MCPP + dicamba MSMA + 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba triclopyr + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + dicamba

4 + 4 + (26 or 4) 4 + 4 + 4 + 14 14 + 3 14 + 2 4+4+4 2+2+4 4+4+4 4+4 4+4+4 14 + 2 14 + 3 4+4+4 15 + 3 1+4+4 4+4+4 4+4+4 2+2 14 + 4 + 4 + 4 9+3 (26 or 4) + 14 + 4 + 4 9 + 22 14 + (26 or 4) 29 + 9 + 22 14 + 4 + 4 + 4 14 + (26 or 4) 14 + 4 + 4 + 4 2+2+2 4+4+4 4+4+4 17 + 4 + 4 + 4 4 + 14 + 4 + 4

tennessee greentimes Fall 2017

News from UT

Summer Intern Showcase

By Amy Fulcher, Ph.D., Extension Specialist and Associate Professor, and Bill Klingeman, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee

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any valued members of the nursery and landscape team at the University of Tennessee help energize our summer research activities. In this article, we highlight three students. Look out employers — they’re all a great catch!

Ms. Anna Ekene Tharpe Hometown: Jackson, TN Class Standing: Senior Major/Concentration: Plant Science, Horticulture What attracted you to your current summer internship project?

I desired a more in-depth understanding of nursery crop production and management. I also I wanted to experience various innovative technologies firsthand.

Summer Research/Extension Project: I am working with sensor-based irrigation systems, which aim to reduce overwatering and its resulting problems. I am also working with a sensor-based intelligent sprayer and evaluating its benefits when compared to a conventional air-assisted sprayer. Additionally, I am investigating how to change Hydrangea macrophylla flower color from pink to blue by reducing the substrate pH, which is important because of the strong market demand for blue hydrangeas. Lastly, I am creating the Hydrangea Production module for the Advanced Tennessee Master Nursery Producer Program.

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Post Graduate Horticultural interests: Following graduation, I hope to earn an assistantship to pursue a Master of Science degree in horticulture. After some time in the work force, my ultimate career goal is to create and operate an interactive/ educational garden center comprised of ornamental and fruiting crops. C

Ms. Bethany Haga Hometown: Seymour, TN Class Standing: Senior Major/Concentration: Ecology & Evolutionary Biology What attracted you to your current summer internship project?

My current summer project involving black walnuts explores the devastating effects of thousand cankers disease (TCD).

TCD is induced by the fungus, Geosmithia morbida, often alongside Fusarium solani.

One aim of the study is to understand how their cohabitation may intensify TCD. A long-standing interest in fungal pathogens led me to pursue this fascinating research.

Summer Research/Extension Project: The fungus causing TCD has spread from western states to Tennessee via the walnut twig beetle, which bores into the trees.

Another goal of this project is to determine where it began as a vector for TCD. Ultimately, we strive to understand how and where TCD is spread, in hopes to conserve the vital black walnut population. Black walnuts are coveted as native trees with valuable wood and fruits.

Post Graduate Horticultural interests: In the coming years, I hope to earn a graduate degree in plant pathology from The University of Tennessee. My goal is to study the evolution as well as population genetics of fungal pathogens that affect cultivated trees. C

Ms. Bobbie Long Hometown: Brentwood, TN Class Standing: Senior Major: Environmental Studies Concentration: Chemistry and Plant Sciences What attracted you to your current summer internship project?

I first heard about Dr. Klingeman’s research opportunity in his greenhouse management course of spring 2017. The idea to study both entomology and black walnut trees in a laboratory setting appeared to be an incredibly informative and interesting opportunity.

Summer Research/Extension Project: This summer I have the pleasure of working alongside many exceptionally talented scientists studying the walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus Juglandis).

This bark beetle is significant, considering it is the primary vector of a plant pathogenic fungus, called Geosmithia morbida, which causes thousand cankers disease in black walnut trees.

Post Graduate Horticultural interests: I currently do not know what occupation field I will pursue in the future. I can absolutely see myself in a sector of horticulture, yet I am keeping my options open to many future opportunities.

Overall, I hope to use my plant sciences background to make this world a more environmentally sustainable place! C

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Industry News

SNA to Co-Locate with

MANTS SNA Conference Scheduled for January 8–9, 2018, in Baltimore, MD

The

Southern Nursery Association (SNA) has announced plans to co-locate The SNA Conference with the Mid-Atlantic Nursery Trade Show (MANTS) in 2018.

Under this new arrangement, both events will take place at the Baltimore Convention Center, with The SNA Conference preceding MANTS on Monday and Tuesday, January 8–9, 2018. MANTS will take place on January 10–12.

Transforming from a traditional tradeshow format, The SNA Conference will offer industry professionals a dynamic and interactive experience through The 16th Southern Plant Conference, The 62nd Annual SNA Research Conference, keynote sessions and participant-driven roundtable discussions. The Southern Plant Conference will unveil some of the hottest new plants coming to market and the best practices for growing, and it will offer a unique opportunity to learn from leading industry plant experts. The SNA Research Conference will offer cutting-edge content of the latest horticultural research.

Top researchers, from across the country, will participate throughout the event. C

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New TNLA Members

Index of Advertisers

Welcome, TNLA

Boshancee Nursery, Inc........................................................... 7 www.boshanceensy.com Braun Horticulture..................................................................18 www.braungroup.com Cam Too Camellia Nursery, Inc...........................................18 www.camtoocamellia.com Center Hill Nursery.................................................................25 www.centerhillnurseries.com Cowart Mulch Products, Inc.................... Inside Front Cover www.cowartmulch.com D & D Agri................................................................................26 Fairview Evergreen Nurseries................................................. 5 www.fairviewevergreen.com Herd Farms Nursery...............................................................18 www.herdfarmsnursery.com Hidden Valley Nursery............................................................25 www.hiddenvalleynursery.com John Holmlund Nursery.........................................................15 www.jhnsy.com Leading Edge Communications...........................................21 www.LeadingEdgeCommunications.com Lee-Smith, Inc........................................................................... 3 www.lee-smith.com Low Falls Wholsale Nursery................................................... 7 www.lowfallsnursery.com McHutchison Horticultural....................................................23 www.mchutchison.com Mid Tenn Turf, Inc...........................................................15, 25 www.midtennturf.com Motz & Son Nursery...............................................................26 Neely Coble Co.......................................................................... 8 www.neelycoble.com OHP............................................................................................25 www.ohp.com Richey Nursery Company, LLC.............................................23 www.richeynursery.com Riverside Plastics....................................................................23 www.riverside-plastics.com Samara Farms.........................................................................11 www.samarafarms.com Smith Seed Services..............................................................25 www.smithseed.com Swafford Nursery....................................................Back Cover www.swaffordnursery.com Tennessee 811.......................................................................... 7 www.tnonecall.com Thomas Nursery......................................................................25 www.thomasnurserytrees.com Tree Equipment Design, Inc.................................................25 www.treeequip.com Wellmaster Carts........................................Inside Back Cover www.wellmaster.ca

New Members!

Active Clifford’s Perennial & Vine John Clifford 3830 Nashville Highway Lewisburg, TN 37091 Gardens of Babylon Dana Stein 705 B Fort Negley Court Nashville, TN 37203 Pine Creek Nursery, LLC Greg Driver 6832 McMinnville Highway Smithville, TN 37166 Associate Adenus Fred Pickney 849 Aviation Parkway Smyrna, TN 37167 Helena Chemical Co. Dwight Burch 515 W. Main Street McMinnville, TN 37110 Lynx Associates Ron Hamilton/Michael Kozak 24 Cayuga Avenue Oakland, NJ 07436 Tri State Foliage, Inc. Bryan H. Johnston 10520 Pippin Road Cincinnati, OH 45231 Affiliate Heather Lowery UT/TSU Extension 6286 Buttermilk Road Lenoir City, TN 37771 Dr. Scott Senseman University of Tennessee 7341 Badgett Road Knoxville, TN 37919

Digital Marketplace Scan the QR code: Download your favorite QR reader to your phone and scan the code to learn more about these companies.

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Calendar of Events

October 19–20 October 5–6

Tennessee Green Industry Expo To be held in conjunction With The Middle Tennessee Nursery Association (MTNA) McMinnville City Center McMinnville, TN Contact: (931) 473-3951 Fax: (931) 473-5883 Email: mail@tnla.com www.tngie.com

October 18–20

LANDSCAPES 2017 (National Association of Landscape Professionals) Kentucky Epo Center Louisville, KY Contact: (800) 395-2522 www.landscapeprofessionals.org

GIE+Expo — Green Industry Equipment Expo and School of Grounds Management Kentucky Expo Center Louisville, KY

January 8–10, 2018 52nd Annual TTA Conference and Trade Show (TN Turfgrass Assn.)

Embassy Suites Hotel Murfreesboro, TN Contact: (615) 790-8600 www.ttaonline.org

October 20–23

ASLA – Annual Meeting & Expo (American Society of Landscape Architects) Los Angeles, CA www.asla.org

October 28 – November 1

IPPS Southern Region 41st Annual Conference Omni Dallas Hotel at Park W. Dallas, TX Contact: (803) 743-4284 scplant@bellsouth.net ipps.org

January 8–9, 2018 SNA Conference Baltimore Convention Center Baltimore, MD Contact: (678) 809-9992 www.sna.org

January 10–12, 2018 Mid-America Nursery Trade Show (MANTS) Baltimore Convention Center Baltimore, MD Contact: (410) 296-6959 www.mants.com

January 15–17, 2018

MGIX (formerly CENTS) Midwest Green Industry Xperience (Ohio Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Greater Columbus Conv. Cntr.

Columbus, OH Contact: (800) 825-5062 www.centshow.org

January 15–19, 2018

Green & Growin’ Show (NC Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Greensboro Coliseum Greensboro, NC Contact: (919) 816-9119 www.ncnla.com

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