Alabama Turf Times - Winter 2024

Winter 2024

A Contrarian’s Guide to

AUTONOMOUS TURFGRASS ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY Plus, Highlights from the

DEEP SOUTH TURF EXPO

TO P Q U A L I T Y AT R E AS O N A B L E P R I C E S M O R E T H A N 25 Y E A R S I N B U S I N E SS | L I F E LO N G FA R M I N G E X P E R I E N C E

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Winter 2024

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TOP FEATURES 14

Recent Event —

Deep South Turf Expo Cover Story —

20 A Contrarian’s Guide to Autonomous Turfgrass Robotic Technology Feature —

26 The Alabama Turfgrass Assn.

Extends a Warm Welcome to Dr. Steve Hague

20

28

Feature —

New Fungicide Products

DEPARTMENTS

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

26

6

From the President’s Pen

6

ATA Annual Sponsors

8

News from ATA

9

Calendar of Events

12

Index of Advertisers

Find this issue, Podcasts, Events and More: THETURFZONE.COM

The Alabama Turfgrass Association serves its members in the industry through education, promotion and representation. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, or its board of directors, Alabama Turf Times, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or their identification as Alabama Turfgrass Association members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in this, past or subsequent issues of this quarterly publication. Copyright © 2024 by the Alabama Turfgrass Association. Alabama Turf Times is published quarterly. Subscriptions are complimentary to members of the Alabama Turfgrass Association. Third-class postage is paid at Jefferson City, MO. Printed in the U.S.A. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information. Advertising: For display

www.alabamaturf.org 4

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From the President’s Pen >>>

Hello fellow ATA members, my name is David White, and I will be serving as the ATA President for 2024. It is an honor to serve our great association. The state of Alabama is

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

blessed to have so many dedicated turf mangers and educators.

As we head into 2024, I reflect upon the successful year our association had in 2023. Ben Williams led our association with great passion, and I want to take a moment to thank him for his leadership. Ben has been a good colleague over the years, and I am glad he is a part of ATA, as well as working in our industry.

I do want to encourage all of you to maintain your ATA membership heading into this next year. The Road Shows, Poa annua Classic, Auburn Turfgrass Research Field Day, Sports Turf Field Day, Lawn and Landscape Workshop, to the Deep South Turf Expo, offer many great events and educational opportunities to stay abreast of the latest trends in our industry. In addition to taking part in networking and spending time with colleagues, you have a vast array of tools at your disposal to help navigate the challenges that will arise from season to season. Your membership will give back what you put into it, so I hope you prioritize our events this upcoming year as a part of your job.

Go ahead and plan your year with our events, starting off with the Road Show series. This is a good time to take a day during the dormant season to hear the latest trends, get good educational advice, and grab pesticide points.

Then in the spring look for the Poa Annua Classic, as we raise money for the Alabama Turfgrass Research Fund. In the summer of 2024 we will host the Sports Turf Field Day, which is always enjoyable, and next fall we will convene for the Deep South Turf Expo once again. The calendar on our upgraded website will be updated as we head into 2024 so you can plan accordingly.

I also would like to take a moment to thank our Board Members, as well as Kayla Cook, Melanie Bonds, and Tricia Clem. Kayla, Melanie, and Tricia do an excellent job of keeping us Board members on task, as well as setting up, operating, and tearing down at our events. They truly do make sure the train runs on time!! Our Board members are constantly working to make our association better and provide quality content and information.

For many years, James Horton volunteered to edit the ATA Turf Times. James decided earlier this year to step away and enjoy retirement. I cannot thank James enough!! He is a long-time member who is a valued friend and mentor in our industry, and he has served ATA with great passion over the years.

It is also with regret that we announce that Dr. Jim Jacobi has stepped down as one of ATA's education advisors. We would like to welcome John Nabors as he has agreed to serve on this committee.

To our sponsors, I say thank you, and we value our partnership. Our great sponsors give so much to our association, and really fuel a lot of what we are able to do. Be sure to thank our sponsors as you interact through business with them. I look forward in 2024 to working with those who get us the products and equipment we need to operate and make our jobs easier.

Lastly, as we head into the dormant season (let’s face it, there is really no offseason anymore) make time to relax and enjoy family and friends. Allow yourself to recharge. Looking forward to a great 2024 with you all, and as always, I am available to address any concerns or questions you may have.

Thank you and God Bless!!

David White ATA President 6

David White

2024 ATA ANNUAL SPONSORS GOL D ( $ 5 , 0 0 0) • Envu • Harrell’s, Inc. • Jerry Pate

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News from ATA >>>

2024 ATA BOARD MEMBERS Kip Clark Christopher “Kip” Clark’s love for the outdoors led him to a career in golf course management. Kip’s course experience started at a young age working on a course maintenance crew during his summer breaks in high school. He went on to spend time studying Agriculture at Mississippi State University before finishing with an Associate of Agricultural Sciences from Holmes Community College in Goodman, MS. Kip completed his internship working on one of the Southeast’s most acclaimed golf courses at Dancing Rabbit Golf Club, Peal River Resort, in Philadelphia, MS. Kip has been in golf course management for nearly 10 years and made the move to Alabama in 2016. He was the Assistant Superintendent at Inverness Country Club in Birmingham until 2022, where he served on the AGCSA Board as their Assistant Representative.

Kip now works for Daviscapes in Birmingham. Outside of work, Kip and his Wife Abby have a new baby boy, Lundy. He loves hunting, fishing, music, Mississippi State Bulldogs.

Graham Simmons Graham Simmons graduated from Auburn University in 2012 and has been in sod production since graduating. He is the Director of Turfgrass Operations for Woerner Farms and oversees sod production in south Alabama and north Florida.

Zach Willard Zach Willard came to Auburn after serving as the Athletic Grounds Manager at the University of South Alabama in Mobile for two years. There, he directed the daily operation of the athletic turf management program and grounds for the Jaguars. Zach began his career in turfgrass at Auburn as a student employee before being hired full time in 2008 to manage the Auburn football practice fields. He held that role for almost four full football seasons before moving to Ohio to finish his degree. While a student at Ohio State, he held a seasonal internship at Huntington Park, home of the Columbus Clippers (AAA-Indians). In addition, he was a grounds specialist within the Ohio State Department of Athletics. Throughout his career, Zach has volunteered at many events, including the Southeastern Conference Baseball Tournament as well as multiple NCAA Division I Baseball Regional and Super Regional tournaments. Zach is married to Kendra Willard of Fertile, Minn., and has two daughters, Madelyn and Elsie.

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

Robert Mitchell Robert was born and raised in Louisville, Mississippi which is only thirty minutes south of Starkville. He became interested in the turfgrass business early because he had two uncles who were superintendents in Alabama – Philip, and Patrick Hindman, both of whom are well known to those involved in the turfgrass industry here.

In pursuit of a degree in golf course operations, Robert attended Lake City Community College in Lake City, Florida where he got his degree in 2010. While earning his degree, Robert interned at Farm Links in 2008 and later at the Country Club of Birmingham in 2009 where he was available to participate in the renovation of the West Course. Robert returned to Farm Links in 2010 as an assistant to Mark Langner. Robert succeeded Mark as superintendent there when Mark left several years ago. Outside of work Robert loves to hunt and enjoys the golf course when he can.

8

2024 ATA ROADSHOW SCHEDULE January 10

LOXLEY Loxley Civic Center

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COOSA VALLEY TURF FARMS LLC

January 17

DOTHAN Troy University at Dothan MEMBER OF

February 7

MONTGOMERY Arrowhead Country Club

February 21

GARDENDALE Gardendale Civic Center

February 28

HUNTSVILLE City of Huntsville — Jaycee Building

Register online at alabamaturf.org March 18

POA ANNUA TOURNAMENT Capital Hill Golf Course

TIFWAY 419 FESCUE www.CoosaValleyTurfFarms.com (256) 927-4228 • (256) 927-4758 FAX • cvtf@tds.net 900 County Road 492 • Centre, AL 35960

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Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

AUBURN RESEARCH FIELD DAY

News from ATA >>> Continued

SILVER – $3,000 – Four ATA memberships

2024 INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM

Recognition at the following events • Turfgrass Roadshows • Sports Turf Field Day / Lawn and Landscape Field Day • Poa annua • Annual Meeting Table Display / Exhibit at all Road Show Seminars Table Display / Exhibit at our Landscape Workshop or Sports Turf Field Day

GOLD – $5,000 – 5 ATA Memberships

Registration at Turfgrass Roadshows for One Representative

Recognition at the following events • Turfgrass Roadshows • Sports Turf Field Day / Lawn and Landscape Field Day • Poa annua • Annual Meeting

Listing in all publications (Alabama Turf Times, Membership Directory, and e-newsletters)

Table / Exhibit at Roadshows

BRONZE – $1,600 – Three ATA memberships

Table / Exhibit at Lawn and Landscape Field Day or Sports Turf Field Day

Logo and Link on Alabamaturf.org Event Sponsorship – Sports Turf Field Day / Lawn and Landscape Field Day

Logo and Link on Alabamaturf.org

Recognition at the following events • Turfgrass Roadshows • Sports Turf Field Day / Lawn and Landscape Field Day • Poa annua • Annual Meeting

Tournament Sponsorship

Table Display / Exhibit at all Road Show Seminars

Event Sponsorship – Sports Turf Field Day / Lawn and Landscape Field Day

Registration for One representative to Roadshow Seminars

Registration at Turfgrass Roadshows for One Representative Listing in all publications (Alabama Turf Times, Membership Directory, and e-newsletters)

Foursome at the Poa annua Golf Tournament Lunch Sponsorship

Listing in all publications (Alabama Turf Times, Membership Directory and enewsletters) Logo on Alabamaturf.org

MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL – Alabama Turfgrass Association membership dues invoices for 2024 have been e-mailed through the Star

Chapter Membership Platform software. This software will streamline the process of dues and sponsorship renewals, but it has come to our attention that some of the notices are being funneled into the Spam file. If you have not received your dues notice, please check your spam folder. You can also contact Kayla Cook at (904) 673-6454, or e-mail alturfgrass@gmail.com and she will be able to help. Thank you for your patience and continued support of the Alabama Turfgrass Association.

P L EA S E C U T A N D RETURN W I TH YO UR REPLY Enclosed is a check for a : ( ) $5,000 Gold ( ) $3000 Silver ( ) $1600 Bronze Please charge to Mastercard / Visa #_______________________________________________________________________________________________ Expiration Date:_______________________ Code:_________________ Zip Code:____________________________________________________________ Name:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Company:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

Address:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CIty /State / Zip Code:____________________________________________________ Phone:___________________________________________________ Email:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Return Receipt Requested: ______ Yes ______ No Please Email names for Memberships to Alturfgrass@gmail.com Gold (5) Silver (4) Bronze (3) Kayla Cook • ATA Executive Director P.O. Box 2323 • Auburn, AL 36831 • (904) 673-6454 • E-mail: alturfgrass@gmail.com • Web Site: alabamaturf.org 10

Announcing ATA Committee and Board of Directors Changes

It

is with regret that we announce that Dr. Jim Jacobi has stepped down from his position on the ATA Board of Directors as Education Consultant.

Dr. Jacobi is a Plant Pathologist/ Diagnostician with the Alabama Cooperative Extension based out of Birmingham Botanical Gardens. He has served us faithfully for many years.

Jim Jacobi

Office: 205-333-1776 • 205-333-1780 www.surlineturf.com • email: surline1@gmail.com

SPECIALIZING IN: Athletic Field Construction and Renovation Golf Course Construction and Renovation Laser Grading • Super Topdressing Fortunately, John Nabors, also with Alabama Cooperative Extension, has agreed to fill Dr. Jacobi’s place.

In addition to his work with Extension, John is Executive Director and coordinator of the Alabama Green Industry Training Center.

We are pleased to welcome John to this position.

John Nabors

No-Till Planting • Sodding • Sprigging On-Site Custom Built Turf Covers Fertilizer • Seed • Turf Colorant Sod Staples • Bunker Nails • Bunker Liners Sod • Sprigs • Sand • Mixes Infield Mix • Infield Conditioners Warning Track Stone • Mound Clay

11

Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

It is also with regret that we announce that James Horton, Editor of the Alabama Turf Times, stepped down from this role earlier this year. Under his influence this publication flourished and achieved a level of professionalism we can all be proud of. Thank you for your many years of service in this position, James!

News from ATA >>> Continued

Support the

Alabama Turfgrass Research Foundation Your Donation is Tax-Deductible!

Y

our generous support has the power to make a significant impact. As a 501(c)(3) organization, donations to the Alabama Turfgrass Research Foundation are tax-deductible, allowing you to make a positive difference while also benefiting from potential tax advantages.

The importance of our work cannot be overstated.

We conduct vital research to improve the quality and sustainability of turfgrass, benefiting golf courses, sports fields, institutions, landscapes, and other public and private managed turfgrasses.

Your donation will directly contribute to innovative research that supports studies to develop more resilient, environmentally responsible turfgrass management practices. To make a tax-deductible contribution, please mail your donation to P.O. Box 2887, Auburn, AL 36871.

All donations received by December 31st will be eligible for deductions on your 2023 tax return. Your support, no matter the amount, will help us in our mission to create healthier and more sustainable turfgrass environments for the future.

Together, we can grow a more sustainable future for turfgrass management.

We are immensely grateful for your consideration and support.

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

Index of Advertisers >>>

12

Cagle Sod Farm.........Inside Front Cover www.caglesod.com

Sod Solutions.................................................. 23 www.sodsolutions.com

Coosa Valley Turf Farms............................9 www.coosavalleyturffarms.com

South Dallas Turf Farm...............................5 www.SouthDallasTurf.com

Greene County Fertilizer Co..................31 www.greenecountyfert.com

STEC Equipment............................................17 www.stecequipment.com

Greenville Turf & Tractor, Inc.............. 25 www.greenvilleturf.com

Super-Sod.............................................................7 www.supersod.com

Jerry Pate Turf & Irrigation... Back Cover www.jerrypate.com

Sur-Line Turf, Inc.......................................... 11 www.surlineturf.com

Poinsett Turfgrass Company.................. 11 www.poinsettturfgrass.com

The Turf Zone.......................................... 13, 31 www.theturfzone.com

Progressive Turf Equipment Inc.........24 www.progressiveturfequip.com

The Turfgrass Group..................................29 www.theturfgrassgroup.com

Regal Chemical Company..........................3 www.regalchem.com

Weed Man........................................................ 19 www.weedmanfranchise.com

Smith Seed Services.....................................12 www.smithseed.com

Winstead Turf................................................ 19 www.winsteadturffarms.com

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D ATA F RO M O CTO B E R 2023

Recent Event >>>

HIGHL IGHTS FROM THE

D E E P S O UT H T URF EXP O G O LF S C R A M B L E W I N N ER S

1ST

2ND

PLA CE

PL ACE

Cason Jones, Mark Jewell, Gib Fox

Chad Baudoin, Jenni Pate, Tim Grazier

3RD

4TH

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

PLACE

Drew Atchley (not pictured), Derrick Bright, Mason Castile, Jeff Harrison

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PL ACE

Eric Coomer, Josh Owens, Jeff Rainey, Matt Hughes

Once again, turf professionals from across the south gathered at the DEEP SOUTH TURF EXPO in Biloxi to learn, fellowship and celebrate another successful year. As always, we are grateful to our sponsors, vendors, speakers, attendees and all who make this event a great success!

Tailgate Sponsors

Conference Speaker, Dr. Travis Gannon of North Carolina State

Patrick Pierce, incoming ATA President, presents Ben Williams with plaque thanking him for his service as President in 2023

Corn Hole tournament at Trade Show

Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

15

H I G H LI GHT S F ROM THE DE EP SOUTH TURF E XPO

D S TE S O F T B A L L G AM E

The DSTE Softball Game was reprised this year and enjoyed by all who watched and participated.

Many thanks to Keair Edwards for hosting this game at the Gulfport Sports Complex.

The “Blue” team was captained by Mike Payne and Jerry Pate. Mark Langner was captain for the “Gray” team. Everyone had a great time, and we appreciate Professional Turf Services sponsoring this event!

E D U C A TIO N

Congratulations to

JAMES HORTON Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

recipient of the 2023 DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARD!

16

H I G H LI GHT S F ROM THE DE EP SOUTH TURF E XPO

Dr. Han with some of his Auburn Turf Students

TR A D E S H O W F L O O R

Tailgate Crowd

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Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

FUTURE EX PO S OCTOBER 14 – 17, 2024 OCTOBER 27 – 30 2025 18

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Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

Winstead Turf Farms, Inc.

Cover Story >>>

A Contrarian’s Guide to

AUTONOMOUS TURFGRASS ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY

By J. Scott McElroy, PhD Professor, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences – Auburn University The Tiny Mobile Robots Field Painter

As

a scientist, I hesitate to make predictions such as those a fortune teller might reveal. I wince when I hear people speaking with absolute certainty that this or that will happen in the future. That some team will win, some politician will lose, or that some event will occur is often pure speculation. Absolute predictions are nonsensical, and an affront to probabilistic thinking. To think probabilistically is to think in terms of the percentage of probability that something will occur. This is the foundation of good science.

Having said that, it is highly probable that in the next 10 years autonomous technology will gain a significant portion of the professional and consumer market in the United States.

I base this prediction on four pieces of evidence:

But here I am addressing the “Contrarian’s Guide to Turfgrass Robotic Technology.” To the robotic contrarian, any positive arguments I present regarding this technology will likely fall on deaf ears. To the contrarian, only seeing is believing. Once my prediction has come true, the contrarian will adopt the technology as self-evident. Don’t get me wrong. Skepticism is a good thing. However, a complete understanding and realistic expectation of what robotic technology can do and where the technology is going is necessary to the healthy skeptic. I want to convince the contrarian that instead of waiting for the technology to be tested by fellow industry partners, they should begin testing and evaluating it themselves. With that in mind, I present this article to the contrarian on fundamentals of robotic technology today.

1.

Robotic technology has already captured a significant portion of the technology in Europe.

“The Technology is Just Not There Yet.”

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

2. All major brands that market traditional mowing technology or mowing equipment are developing robotic technology.

3.

At one count there were over 40 additional startups and companies developing all manner of robotic technology, including mowers, painters, and sprayers.

4.

The labor shortage will be sustained into the foreseeable future and could potentially increase (https://www.wsj.com/articles/america-still-hasa-worker-shortage-d0c65166).

20

This is the contrarian’s favorite phrase. In frustration I respond, “Where is There?” or even “What is There?”. If the technology has not arrived at the point where it can be adopted, what are its current limitations?

What irks me so much about this critique is the underlying assumptions about imagined technological characteristics that may not even be possible. The contrarian’s perception of automation is that the technology can be easily set up with little or no planning or understanding of the technology. That it may be deployed for use with little, or no, oversight. The phrase, “The Technology is Just Not There Yet,” is normally rooted in some technological advancement in artificial intelligence, or machine learning, that the contrarian has developed based on their perception of technological development, or maybe even a touch of science fiction.

An example of an RTK beacon – The Echo Robotics Wifi Beacon.

My response is “The technology is what the technology is.”

2022 might as well have been ten years ago when it comes to robotic and autonomous technology in the United States.

2023 saw an incredible number of major advances. These include allowance for extended range connection to 4G and network RTK systems; daisy chaining of reference station signals for greater lengths; creation of virtual zones that can vary in direction, speed, and height of cut; and mobile deployment across multiple sites. The technology launched in 2023 will be the basis of robotic technology for the next five to ten years.

To the contrarian, if you were talking about 2022, I agree.

The technology was not “there” for the professional user.

It was largely restricted to wire boundary units, mowing randomly at a single fixed zone height. But 2023 completely changed the game.

Autonomous vs. Semi-Autonomous

will likely be small, lightweight equipment weighing approximately less than 300 lbs. Again, I may be wrong, but making traditional mowing equipment fully autonomous is going to be challenging to say the least.

Robot Positioning- The Leap Forward in 2023 The technology that made 2023 the year of advancement largely dealt with how the robots position themselves in space. And the one acronym you need to know is RTK. RTK. RTK stands for Real-Time Kinematic. It is a satellite navigation technique used for enhancing the precision of position data obtained from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) like Global Positioning System (GPS). RTK is commonly used in applications where high accuracy location information is required, such as surveying, agriculture, construction, and autonomous vehicles. RTK requires a base station in a fixed position that can then communicate to a rover (in our case a mower, painter, or range picker). RTK allows for real time positioning and correction for the rover. RTK signals can stretch from 200 meters to 10 miles depending on the signal type. Husqvarna and Echo Robotics use a fixed position RTK signal that extends 200–300 meters. (Actually, Echo Robotics now has 4G RTK which extends up to 10 miles.) nRTK. nRTK stands for network real-time kinematics. nRTK is a mesh network system individual companies deploy and then offer other companies for use. For example, NexMow uses nRTK from TopCon (https://global.topcon.com/). Kress (https://www.kress.com/en-us/all-robot-lawn-mowers/) has developed its own nRTK system specifically for its mower technology. Tiny Mobile Robots also uses an nRTK system for positioning.

21

Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

Before discussing the technology that now makes robotic automation possible, let me make a rather large distinction in technology – Autonomous vs. Semi-Autonomous Technology.

Now and in the future, it will be extremely difficult for any mowers with traditional mowing implements to be fully autonomous simply due to liability. As I have been told (I am not an expert on liability, nor am I a lawyer) liability has been and will continue to restrict deployment of certain technology.

Such technology – semi-autonomous technology – will require an operator to be watching it while it is completing its task.

It will not work at night and will likely not have a fixed position point for deployment. It will need to be taken to the location by hand for deployment. Fully autonomous technology

The Husqvarna 535 AWD hill climber.

Cover Story >>> Continued

RTK, whether a dedicated local RTK reference station, or a nRTK system, allows for positioning of technology in space, allowing for removal of wire from the field and the creation of virtual boundary systems. RTK also allows for directional or systematic work, not random work. With RTK the efficiency of the equipment increases exponentially and the ability to deploy over a wider area has increased.

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

Where Should the Contrarian Begin?

If it is true that robotic technology will be a common form of turfgrass management in the next five to 10 years, one probably needs to start learning about and adapting the technology now. To be fair, there are some early adopters that have made significant investments in this technology, but the contrarian samples the product before a full commitment.

The key to what to utilize first is choosing equipment that solves a problem. Depending on the operation, you already have mowing equipment, so unless you need to make a major purchase, the first goal is to seek out equipment that solves a problem. Here is my list of useful equipment that solves major issues.

Field Painters. Field Painters have been adopted in the United States faster than any other autonomous technology for one big reason – they solve a problem. Painting field lines is a tedious, repetitive task that was begging for automation.

Technology from Turf Tank (https://turftank.com/us/) and Tiny Mobile Robots (https://tinymobilerobots.com/fieldmarking-robot/) have taken athletic field maintenance by storm with painters becoming the fasting growing segment of autonomous turfgrass management.

Range Pickers. Ranges can have a myriad of problems that robots can solve. Large pickers used frequently can compact soil. They are very abrasive to the turf reducing stand density and quality and can cause damage during high soil moisture conditions. Light weight pickers such as the Echo Robotics Range Picker (https://echorobotics.com/en-us/)can be programmed to pick ranges at all hours of the day. It uses the same positioning technology as Echo Robotics mowers – either a WiFi or 4G signal – which massively extends the range of use of the picker.

Slope Climbers. Mowing slopes is a burdensome task. It can be damaging to the turf and dangerous for the operator.

Because of the difficulty, some sloped areas are mowed infrequently reducing the turfgrass stand and leading to debris buildup after mowing. The Husqvarna 535 AWD is a compact, light-weight slope mower that can be deployed to cover up to 0.8 acres. While it is random and has a wire boundary, it is efficient, and virtual zones can be created after it has mapped the wire bounded area.

Drop and Mow. Many contrarians are turned off by the idea of fixed position mowers that are bound to a specific docking station and work zone. They would prefer to be able to deploy mowers to other locations during the evaluation phase. The NexMow M1 (https://nexmow.com/) is a deployable drop and mow system that allows for mapping and deployment at hundreds of areas stored on the NexMow app.

Simply choose the location that you have mapped and stored in the app, deploy one or multiple mowers, and return to pick up when the app tells you the job is complete.

22

The NexMow M1 drop and mow unit.

Mowing Technology. Or the contrarian could just deploy other mowing technology. Mowers from Husqvarna, Kress, and Echo Robotics are all light weight, fully autonomous mowers that can be deployed to mow fairways, rough and tee areas, sports fields, common areas, or large multi-use complexes. This will allow the contrarian to evaluate the cut quality, evaluate the equipment for its functionality at their location, and determine how best to scale with autonomous technology. To be fair, the economics do not work out until autonomous technology has been deployed at scale—meaning across a majority of the facility. In the beginning, if you are just evaluating a few pieces of equipment, this will likely add a little to your workload in the first year, as you are adding a new piece of technology without subtracting equipment you are already using. This is part of the process of adopting new technology. The time and money saving on a facility basis are not realized until you are at scale.

Final Thoughts When the iPhone was introduced in 2007 it was an amazing leap in mobile technology. It has changed the way we work, play, and live. The current version of the iPhone is even more amazing – camera technology; the myriad of apps that are available; and how you can do almost anything on the iPhone. I have never heard a single person who bought the original iPhone complain that they should have waited to buy the current iPhone and skipped the 16 years of previous iterations. Sure, the new iPhone is amazing, but so was the original.

Nashville Soccer Club opened the largest soccer-specific stadium in the United States which made its inaugural debut in 2022.

Groundskeeper Adam Portenier fell in love with Latitude 36® Bermudagrass during his previous role at FC Dallas which led to the selection of this variety for the new GEODIS Park.

“You’re looking at five fields in the MLS with Latitude 36 and they’re probably all towards the top every year in quality and playability and coverage. You never see these fields beat up. I think just overall in this league Latitude is a very proven grass.”

– Adam Portenier, Groundskeeper, Nashville SC

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Cover Story >>> Continued

I leave the contrarian with this final comparison.

The technology released in the US in 2023 will be the dominant technological innovations for the next decade and beyond. There will be upgrades and innovations along the way, but the base technology will remain the same. If you wait for some mythical technological level that may never come, you will miss out on the journey this technology will take us on for years to come.

Disclosure Dr. McElroy is a professor at Auburn University, and also owns Scotsman Turf Robotics, (http://scotsmanturfrobotics.com) which is a distributor of Husqvarna, Echo Robotics, and NexMow. Scotsman does not distribute Kress, Turf Tank, or Tiny Mobile Robots but sees these as valuable additions to a growing autonomous turfgrass technology industry. Dr. McElroy and Scotsman encourage readers to explore all aspects of autonomous and semi-autonomous equipment that will be the future of turfgrass management. Robotic equipment is currently <1% of the US turf equipment market but is slated to grow substantially over the next five years.

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Feature >>>

The AGCSA Extends a Warm Welcome to Auburn’s recently appointed head of Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences,

Dr. Steven Hague

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

An

internationally recognized cotton breeder, and most recently, a professor in the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences at Texas A&M University, Dr. Steven Hague was appointed as head of the Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences at Auburn University in July of this year. There are certain cornerstones that Dr. Hague considers important in visualizing a future with the department. “I realized that whether it is industry, academia, commodity groups, or other agricultural organizations, there is a strong connection between the effectiveness and impact of those entities relative to the quality of their leadership. My personal core values dictate that people should be treated fairly and resources managed with respect.

Inspiration is vital to move programs forward.”

“I intentionally prepared for my current position at Auburn by engaging in leadership programs; getting involved in several university committees (especially those outside of my discipline); and asking for advice from administrators. I wanted to lead a department that was big enough to have the resources to make an impact, but small enough to be able to respond quickly to the Department’s needs and opportunities. The Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences department at Auburn University met those criteria and had many other advantages – supportive stakeholders and alumni, highly productive staff and faculty, and great, great students!”

And Dr. Hague couldn’t be happier about the high levels of talent in his new department. “My new colleagues at Auburn are exceeding my wildest expectations! As one example, a few weeks ago I was at a growers’ conference and Dr. Steve Li, Auburn Extension Weed Specialist, gave a presentation about his work with drones. That was the most effective presentation that I have ever seen, and I have probably seen 26

thousands of those types of presentations. I love the people I get to work with both within Auburn University and the State of Alabama. I love getting to help them find solutions to their problems, creating opportunities for their livelihoods, and advocating on their behalf.”

Additionally, Dr. Hague is appreciative that the turfgrass program at Auburn is blessed to have a great teaching and research location less than five minutes away from the main campus. “Our climate and soil types are ideal for evaluating turfgrass varieties, inputs, and management techniques highly applicable to the southeast region of the US. Opportunities for students studying turfgrass are boundless and the faculty and staff in our department are committed to helping these students grow their own way into a career in the turfgrass industry. Additionally, the grassroots support I feel from stakeholders and Auburn alumni is exceptional. They genuinely want to help us succeed. I never expected to have that level of backing this quickly.”

He is full of enthusiasm about the opportunities ahead.

“There are not enough hours in the day to do all the things I want to do, so I work on the tasks that I have to do. Making the right decisions about priorities is essential.” Steven’s work ethic and path to achievement solidified some years ago when he came across a letter written by his great-grandfather in 1883. “My great-grandfather was serving as a young lieutenant in the Texas Rangers. In the letter he was upset with the support he was getting from the state government in Austin.

There was a phrase in the letter that has since stuck with me, ‘We are going to do things right, or we are not going to do them a’tall [sic]’. My takeaway from his words was that if I don’t have the means to do a job correctly, and it’s unlikely that help is on the way, then I need to move onto a different

Steven’s wife Leann is an academic advisor for the College of Agriculture at Texas A&M University. She will be moving to Auburn next year after their son, Carter, completes his senior year of high school. He is interested in majoring in environmental engineering. Their daughter, Ellie, is a sophomore at Texas A&M University and majoring in Visualization with an emphasis in animation.

Golf is not a favorite hobby, but he has a great deal of respect for those managing courses and working in the industry. “When I was younger, I occasionally played golf, but I spent more time searching through the deep rough looking for my ball than any other aspect of the game. I have a deep respect for those with the patience and skill to play the game.

I am just not cut out for the game.”

Dr. Hague was impressed recently when Lee Mclemore, Director of Golf Course Operations at the Country Club of Birmingham, gave him a tour of his courses. “They were spectacular.” He also believes that as far as importance to the game of golf and the turfgrass industry, a lot of credit goes to courses like Augusta National, St. Andrews, and Pebble Beach for elevating the aesthetic value of turfgrass. “Those courses operate under a very public microscope ,and they need to be commended for their efforts to consistently showcase top-end turfgrass management.”

Dr. Hague does have a new favorite hobby in supporting Auburn Athletics. He says, “I’m sure by next year it will be elevated beyond the status of just a hobby. War Eagle!”

Cultivating this hobby will take you far with Auburn, Dr. Hague! We welcome you to Auburn, look forward to working with you and appreciate all that you do for our industry!

27

Al abam a Tu rf Ti me s >>> Winter 2024

task that can be accomplished the right way. Otherwise, I am wasting what resources and time I do have.”

Growing up on a dairy farm in Northeast Texas, Dr. Hague considers farming to be his heritage. He was involved in 4-H and FFA growing up, and “did all the things farm kids do.”

Majoring in agriculture was a natural fit, and after taking a freshman-level plant science class, he knew he wanted to go into this field as a career. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Texas A&M University at Commerce, a Master’s in Agronomy from Texas Tech University, and a Ph.D. in Plant Breeding from Texas A&M University.

Dr. Hague says that there were many important people in his life that led him to success and the position he holds today. Each one played a critical role in guiding him on the right path. “My father, Claude Hague, taught me to be curious and compassionate, as well as the value of hard work. My high school ag science teacher, Johnny Lennon, taught me about leadership and paying attention to details. As a firstgeneration undergraduate student, my agronomy professor, Dr. Don Reid, at Commerce showed me how to be a professional and was instrumental in guiding me through college and into graduate school. My major advisor in graduate school, Dr. John Gannaway, gave me freedom to explore ideas and establish a professional network. He also taught me the value of establishing personal relationships. During my professional career at Texas A&M University, Dr. Wayne Smith steered me through the promotion ranks and showed me how to be fair, while still advocating for your beliefs. And finally, I owe a huge debt of gratitude to Dr. David Baltensperger, head of the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences at Texas A&M University. He was instrumental in preparing me for my current position at Auburn University.”

Feature >>>

New FUN G I C I DE PRODUCTS

By Amanda Scherer, Assistant Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist and Dave Han, Associate Professor and Extension Specialist, Turfgrass Management Auburn University and Alabama Cooperative Extension System

T

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

urfgrass diseases can be a serious and costly problem in grasses used in golf courses, sports fields, and landscapes. Fungicide applications are a key component of the integrated pest management strategy for turfgrass disease prevention on golf courses and landscape management. Turfgrass management professionals have a wide range of fungicides to select from including contact vs. systemic fungicides, protectants vs. curatives, and single active ingredient products vs. combination products.

Contact fungicides are protectants that provide a chemical barrier on turf leaf blades and stems to inhibit fungal growth.

Contact fungicides require multiple applications on a regular schedule and adequate coverage to prevent disease. Classic examples include broad spectrum, multisite fungicides such as chlorothalonil (i.e., Syngenta’s Daconil Action®, Sipcam’s Echo 720®, etc.) and fluazinam (i.e., Syngenta’s Secure®).

Contact fungicides tend to be cheaper, but since they do not enter a plant, they will be mowed off as a leaf grows. Also, new leaves that emerge after a spray will not be protected.

Finally, contact fungicides cannot protect roots, so they are only useful against foliar diseases.

28

In contrast, systemic fungicides penetrate plant tissue and are then moved within the plant. Since they are absorbed, they can protect roots if they are watered in well and absorbed by the roots. This is important: very few fungicides can move down from the leaves to the root system. So, to combat a root disease, fungicides must be watered in to ensure they get past the thatch and into the soil, where roots can pick them up.

Although systemic fungicides have specific modes of action, they have both curative and protective properties that provide extended residual activity. Thus, systemic fungicides do not need to be applied as often as contact fungicides. Some examples include azoxystrobin (i.e., Syngenta’s Heritage®), mefentrifluconazole (i.e., BASF’s Maxtima®), and pydiflumetofen (i.e., Posterity®). Regardless, it is important to realize that not all fungicides are equally effective on all diseases. Labels should be referenced carefully to properly select the correct fungicide for a given disease.

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Feature >>> Continued

Brown Patch on Zoysia Lawn

Al ab ama Tu rf Tim es > >> Wint er 2024

Spraying Greens

A majority of the turfgrass fungicides available today are sitespecific fungicides that belong to one of the following groups of fungicides: demethylation inhibitors (DMIs; FRAC group 3), Qo Inhibitor (QoIs; FRAC group 11), and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs; FRAC group 7). These fungicides carry medium to high risk for fungicide resistance development, which includes several of the systemic turf fungicides. More specifically, resistance has been confirmed for the following diseases and FRAC groups in the United States: anthracnose to QoI fungicides and thiophanate-methyl, dollar spot to thiophanate-methyl and DMI fungicides, gray leaf spot to QoI fungicides, and Pythium blight to phenylamide fungicides.

To reduce the risk of fungicide resistance in turfgrass pathogens, applicators should not rely on fungicides alone for disease control. If possible, modifying the environment to increase air flow over the turf, reduce soil compaction and improve drainage will help make conditions less conducive to fungal growth. Making sure that the turfgrass has enough sunlight and the proper fertilization to be healthy will improve its ability to outgrow diseases. Consider switching to less susceptible turfgrass varieties in areas

30

with a history of disease. Finally, limit the number of applications of at-risk fungicides, and alternate or tank mix with different FRAC groups.

Combination fungicide products, products that contain more than one active ingredient, can also help to mitigate fungicide resistance, and broaden the spectrum of activity of the fungicide. Although they were rare a little over a decade ago, there are now more than two dozen combination fungicides currently labeled for turf disease management. Some examples include Headway® (azoxystrobin + propiconazole; Syngenta), Posterity® Forte (azoxystrobin + propiconazole + pydiflumetofen; Syngenta), Lexicon® Intrinsic® (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin; BASF), Armada® or Tartan® (triadimefon + trifloxystrobin; Bayer).

In terms of new fungicides, there have been a few products released over the last few years including the following fungicides: Densicor® (Bayer Environmental Science US Inc.) is a new DMI fungicide that contains prothioconazole (FRAC group 3).

It is labeled for use on greens, fairways, and tees in cool and warm season turf. It can protect turf against anthracnose, brown patch, dollar spot, fairy ring, large patch, spring dead spot, and take-all. See label for complete application instructions and use restrictions.

Dexter™ SC (UPL NA Inc.) is a new QoI fungicide that contains a familiar active ingredient, azoxystrobin (FRAC group 11). It is labeled for use on residential, greens, fairways, and tees in cool and warm season turf. It can protect turf against anthracnose, brown patch, gray leaf spot, large patch, meltingout, Pythium blight, spring dead spot, and take-all. See label for complete application instructions and use restrictions.

Maxtima® (BASF Professional and Specialty Solutions) is a new DMI fungicide that contains mefentrifluconazole (FRAC group 3). It can be sprayed at any temperature and any turf variety established in cemeteries, commercial and industrial sites, sod farms, and golf course greens, fairways, roughs, and tees. It is not currently labeled for use on residential lawns or athletic turf. Maxtima® is labeled for use to help manage anthracnose, brown patch, dollar spot, fairy ring, spring dead spot, and take-all. See label for complete application instructions and use restrictions.

Tourney EZ® (Valent U.S.A. LLC Professional Products) liquid formulation is the next generation of Tourney Fungicide. It is a DMI fungicide that contains metconazole (FRAC group 3).

It can be sprayed on cool and warm season turfgrasses on golf courses, lawns and landscape areas around residential, institutional, public, commercial and industrial buildings, recreational areas, athletic fields, and sod farms. Tourney EZ® can help manage anthracnose, brown patch, dollar spot, fairy ring, gray leaf spot, large patch, rust, and take-all. See label for complete application instructions and use restrictions.

Union® Fungicide SC (PBI-Gordon Professional) is a new combination product that includes azoxystrobin (FRAC group 11) + cyazofamid (FRAC group 21). This product provides protection against several diseases by combining both active ingredients including anthracnose, brown patch, fairy ring, gray leaf spot, melting out, pythium blight, and rust. It is labeled for use on all turfgrass species established in residential areas, recreational areas, commercial and industrial buildings, athletic fields, golf courses and sod farms. See label for complete application instructions and use restrictions.

Alabama Turf Times is the official publication of the: Alabama Turfgrass Association P.O. Box 70 Auburn, Alabama 36831 Tel: (334) 821-3000 Fax: (334) 821-3800 Email: ALturfgrass@gmail.com www.AlabamaTurf.org Published by: Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, Tennessee 37064 Tel: (615) 790-3718 Fax: (615) 794-4524 Email: info@leadingedge communications.com

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