LatAmNRG Prospector: Week 20 2019

LATAMNRG PROSPECTOR VOL 20 2019 Colombia Oil Reserves Up 9.9% In 2018; Gas Reserves Decline

Madalena Starts Vaca Muerta Drilling On The Coiron Amargo Sur Este Block LatAmNRG Q&A Series With Refinitiv’s Carl Larry

Equinor Boosts Stake In Caesar Tonga Field In Deepwater US GOM

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Energy Analytics Institute’s weekly LatAmNRG prospector and select highlights from the week. Read the full stories online 24/7 at www.energy-analytics-institute.org

ABOUT US

TOP QUOTES Top quotes this week via Twitter. ___________

Regarding BOD interest payment on PDVSA 2020 bond: ““The Board of Directors of PDVSA Ad Hoc confirms the interest payment of the PDVSA 2020 bond. Such payment is absolutely necessary” –– Financial and Petroleum Consultant Alejandro Grisanti, formerly with Barclays. ___________

Regarding Venezuela’s banking system:

“The legal reserve policy of the financial system must be urgently reviewed. The banking situation is critical and each time with less room to maneuver” –– Ecoanalitica Director Asdrubal R. Oliveros ___________

Regarding Austral Constructions in Argentina:

Energy Analytics Institute (EAI) is a Houston-based private organization focused on provided integrated services related to the Latin American and Caribbean upstream, downstream, midstream and renewable energy sectors.

I. EAI’s primary focus related to the Latin American and Caribbean petroleum sectors is to assist businesses establish and nurture relationships with other businesses or consumers by facilitating integrated business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) solutions.

II. EAI also organizes timely forums, seminars or executive speaking engagements related to the Latin American and Caribbean petroleum sector covering topics relevant to the upstream, midstream, downstream and renewable enegy sectors.

III. EAI also provides unbiased breaking news, among project updates, related to the Latin American and Caribbean petroleum sectors covering countries small and big from Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean to Guyana, Bolivia and Peru in South America and bigger regional players including Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina.

“More than $1.1 billion was collected by Austral Constructions between 2007 and 2015. A company created in 2003 and that by 2015 had the most road contracts in the country” –– Argentina’s former Energy Secretariat Javier Iguacel. ___________

Regarding Venezuelan citizens understanding the collapse of state oil company PDVSA: “The citizens understand little when you tell them about the collapse of PDVSA. Their perception changes after several hours of queuing to get gasoline” –– Economist Jose Toro Hardy ___________

Regarding construction of Bulo Bulo in Bolivia:

“The Bulo Bulo petrochemical center is going to be one of the most complete on an international level. The construction of the six plants means we can give value to our raw material by expanding our commercial border” –– YPFB President Oscar Barriga

CONTACT / FOLLOW US: E. news@energy-analytics-institute.org E. webmaster@energy-analytics-institute.org W. www.energy-analytics-institute.org

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Q&A SERIES LatAmNRG Q&A Series With Refinitiv’s Carl Larry (Energy Analytics Institute, Ian Silverman, 31.Mar.2019) — As part of Energy Analytics Institute’s ongoing coverage of the Latin America and Caribbean energy sectors from conventionals, unconventionals to renewables, Houstonbased Refinitiv Market Development Manager Carl Larry weighs in on Peru LNG and issues it faces from increasing US natural gas volumes reaching Mexico.

Situation Overview: Natural gas-rich Peru has seen its LNG exports and market share in Mexico fall off dramatically due to an abundance of US natural gas, thanks to fracking, that continues to make its way into Mexico. As a result, Peru and more specially Peru LNG with the assistance of offtaker Shell has turned its efforts to Europe and Asia where demand for gas and LNG imports continues to increase.

What follows are excerpts from our series: LatAmNRG Q&A ENERGY ANALYTICS INSTITUTE (EAI): Is Peru’s LNG not competitive in Mexico due to the closeness and availability of cheap natural gas from Texas? If so, how long will this be the case for Mexico? For as long as Texas has gas to export?

CARL LARRY: In regards to the strong import number from the US to Mexico, yes, I think it will be hard to displace this going forward. First and foremost, there’s too much supply in the US that needs to be moved out. The only way for producers to justify their growth will be to see profits increase and that’s only going to happen as prices rise. This leaves the US the only option; export more.

We’re seeing a lot of projects coming online in regards to more LNG regasification and increasing port space, but that has mostly overlooked growth of natural gas pipelines to Mexico. So, even though we may at some point see LNG from the US to Mexico shrink, it will only be because of natural gas moving straight through pipeline.

Enbridge’s Valley Crossing Pipeline is due to come online in April and should see up to 2.4 billion cubic feet (Bcf) moving across the border. I do think that as Mexico tries to revive its energy industry that all of this US flow will

prompt calls for more investment in new oil projects in the US Gulf with Mexico.

ENERGY ANALYTICS INSTITUTE (EAI): Any chance Bolivia could someday export its gas to Peru for export as LNG? CARL LARRY: I think that this is a lesson that is being learned from OPEC. Once the US starts to export, there’s little chance on stopping the trend. As we see in finance, the US is always the first choice of debt because of our credit worthiness and security. With oil, the price was more than competitive, but there was no risk. No cargoes being delayed because of pirating or civil strife. No off spec. No credit issues. We will see the same thing in the LNG exports and the competition will have issues. LNG is still more favorable in cost of production and export than it is to keep it domestically in the US, so there’s a good margin between us and the competition in terms of LNG. In other words, we have more room to give in price sensitivity. That’s going to cause issues with many countries exporting LNG. They will have to give up something to stay competitive.

ENERGY ANALYTICS INSTITUTE (EAI): Do we know why Spain’s demand for Peru’s LNG has been increasing so much in recent years?

CARL LARRY: It may be that Spain and Peru are working out an economic trade deal to keep Peru’s LNG supply strong. It’s a good thing to me to see two countries like this working on a trade deal. Hopefully it will be able to stand through any growing competition from US LNG. If I had to compare it, I think of Cuba and Venezuela. That worked out for a while, but obviously is painful now.

ARGENTINA Tecpetrol Argentina Work Halted Until Security Issues Resolved (Energy Analytics Institute, Aaron Simonsky, 13.May.2019) — The block where Tecpetrol conducts activities in Argentina can’t initiate operations until necessary security measures are completed and approved by Argentina’s Labor Sub-Secretary, online media Río Negro reported 13

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May 2019, citing oil and gas union official Guillermo Pereyra.

They are halting all activities related to Pecom and work in Fortín de Piedra, Pereyra said.

Government officials are slated to tour the installations on 14 May 2019 and work can presume afterwards once the ok is given, Pereyra said.

Madalena Starts Vaca Muerta Drilling On The Coiron Amargo Sur Este Block (Madalena, 13.May.2019) — Madalena Energy Inc. has been informed by the operator of the Coiron Amargo Sur Este (CASE) block that a drilling rig was mobilized and commenced drilling of the CASE-101h well during the first week of May. Madalena holds a 35% non-operated interest in the CASE block under a 35-year exploitation concession awarded in September 2018. Madalena’s share of costs for planned operations at CASE will be funded from the previously announced limited recourse loan for up to $40 million from the operator of the block, Pan American Energy LLC, Sucursal Argentina (PAE).

The CASE-101h well is the first of a planned four-well drilling program. The plan as currently defined is for the drilling rig to complete the vertical section of each of the planned four wells in succession, following which a separate rig is expected to be used to drill the horizontal well sections of all four wells, prior to completion operations being carried out.

Madalena’s CEO Jose Penafiel commented: “We are very pleased to report that drilling operations have begun as part of a 4-well drilling program on the Coiron Amargo Sur Este block, targeting the prolific Vaca Muerta shale with drilling and completion methods that are hoped to further optimize costs and production per well relative to previously drilled wells on the block.”

Argentina Eyes Possible Start Of Vaca Muerta-Bahía Blanca Train Project In 2020 (Energy Analytics Institute, Aaron Simonsky, 12.May.2019) — Two train projects planned to connect Vaca Muerta with Bahía Blanca will most likely not start moving forward until 2020 due to a lack of public funds and disinterest from the private sector.

The proposed project would have capacity to transport 3.3 million tons per year of cement, pipes, sand and other products for use in the fracking process used to extract oil and gas from the Vaca Muerta formation and could cost around $780 million, online media Clarín reported 12 May 2019.

Originally, the plan was to have transport capacity that exceeded 4 million tons per year.

Some oil and gas companies interested in the project and offering to ship material include: — YPF, 1.5 million tons — Pan America, 300,000 tons — Shell, 150,000 tons — Pluspetrol, 115,000 tons — Vista, 102,000 tons — Total, 100,000 tons — Pampa, 100,000 tons — Chevron, 100,000 tons

BRAZIL Petrobras Awards McDermott EPCI Contract For Sepia Field Offshore (McDermott, 14.May.2019) — McDermott International, Inc. announced the award of a significant* contract by Petrobras for engineering, procurement, construction and installation of subsea risers and flowlines for the first phase of the Sepia field, located 174 miles (280 kilometers) from the Rio de Janeiro coastline in Brazil.

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The project scope includes detailed engineering, surveys, supply, installation and pre-commissioning of rigid pipelines, jumpers, buoyance modules, strakes and riser monitoring systems for seven-riser wells (3 producers and 4 injector wells) connected to the floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) Carioca vessel.

“McDermott has had a strong presence in Brazil going back more than four decades, and we see tremendous opportunity for growth in the region,” said Mark Coscio, McDermott’s Senior Vice President for North, Central and South America. “We will use our first-class assets and proven track record to deliver the highest levels of safety, quality and cost-efficiency during the first phase of this important greenfield development.”

McDermott’s Rio de Janeiro office will perform the work with support from its Houston office. McDermott plans to use five vessels for the installation work at ultradeepwater depths up to 7,021 feet (2,140 meters).

The engineering work is expected to begin immediately, and the contract will be reflected in McDermott’s second quarter 2019 backlog.

The first phase is part of a 15 well Sepia field development located in the pre-salt layer of the Santos Basin in Block BM-S-24. First oil is expected in 2021. * – McDermott defines a significant contract as between USD $250 million and USD $500 million.

Petrobras Announces Teaser For Sale Of Breitener Energética S.A. (Petrobras, 13.May.2019) — Petrobras reports that it has started the opportunity disclosure stage (Teaser) relating to the sale of its 93.7% interest in Breitener Energética S.A. Breitener Energética has two Thermoelectric Units (UTE), UTE Breitener Tambaqui S.A. and UTE Breitener Jaraqui S.A., located in Manaus, totaling 315 MW of installed capacity. The plants have a contracted capacity of 120 MW up to 2025 with Amazonas Energia, the Amazonas energy distributor, through an exclusive power purchase agreement (PPA).

The Teaser, which includes key information about the opportunity, as well as the eligibility criteria for the selection of potential participants, is available on the Petrobras website: http://www.petrobras.com.br/ir.

The main subsequent phases of the project will be timely informed to the market.

This disclosure is in compliance with Petrobras’ divestment methodology, which is in line with the special regime for the divestment of assets by federal mixedcapital companies, provided for in Decree 9.188/2017.

COLOMBIA Colombia Oil Reserves Up 9.9% In 2018; Gas Reserves Decline (Reuters, 13.May.2019) — Colombia’s crude oil reserves were up 9.9% to 1.96 billion barrels at the end of last year, as efforts to increase exploration, production and reserves paid dividends for the Andean country.

CUBA US Targets Shippers For Bringing Venezuela Oil To Cuba (AFP, 17.May.2019) — The United States last Friday imposed sanctions on two shipping companies for delivering Venezuelan oil to ally Cuba in what it called a response to actions against opposition lawmakers in Caracas.

The Treasury Department said it was taking aim at the Monsoon Navigation Corp, headquartered in the Marshall Islands, and Liberian-based Serenity Maritime Ltd for owning ships involved in oil transfers that took place through March.

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ECUADOR EP PetroEcuador Awards Deal For Premium Diesel To Trafigura (Energy Analytics Institute, Piero Stewart, 14.May.2019) — EP Petroecuador awarded Trafigura Pte. Ltd. a deal on 14 May 2019 to import 2,750,000 barrels +4% of premium diesel. The fuel will arrive to Ecuador in 11 shipments of 250,000 barrels each. The initial shipment is slated for 2729 May 2019, the state oil entity announced in an official statement on its website.

EP PetroEcuador To Open Envelopes To Import Diesel Oil (Energy Analytics Institute, Piero Stewart, 14.May.2019) — EP Petroecuador plans to open envelopes today 14 May 2019 for the import of 2,250,000 barrels +4% of diesel oil. Shipments will arrive to Ecuador in nine shipments of 250,000 barrels +4% each. The first cargo will arrive between 29-31 May 2019, the state oil entity announced in an official statement on its website.

JAMAICA Sell Oil, Buy Electric (Trinidad and Tobago Newsday, Ryan Hamilton-Davis, 16.May.2019) — The Regulated Industries Commission (RIC), the regulatory body for water, waste water and electricity, has come up with an initiative that could preserve the environment, lessen the economic burden, and fulfil government’s obligations internationally – not to mention save the average Joe thousands of dollars a month.

It was summed up in one phrase – sell oil, buy electric vehicles.

MEXICO Mexico’s Rising Oil Nationalism Faces Debt-Rating Crisis (Reuters, Stefanie Eschenbacher and David Alire Garcia, 14.May.2019) — Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador took office in December vowing to revive stateowned energy company Pemex and put the brakes on foreign investment to give the public a bigger cut of the country’s oil wealth.

The leftist oil nationalist’s ambitions include building a new $8 billion refinery, refurbishing existing refineries and reversing a steady decline in crude production.

Mexican Union Leader Shot Dead In Troubled Oil Refining City (Reuters, 12.May.2019) — Unidentified gunmen shot dead a trade union leader in Mexico’s central city of Salamanca, authorities said on Sunday, the latest outbreak of violence in an area plagued by a murderous struggle between gangs over fuel theft.

Gilberto Munoz, a former federal lawmaker and the leader of the national chemical and petrochemical union, died after being shot on Saturday, the government of Salamanca’s home state of Guanajuato said in a statement.

VENEZUELA Venezuelan Oil Output Sinks To 500,000 B/D (Argus, 14.May.2019) — Venezuela’s crude production has dropped to around 500,000 b/d as sluggish export loadings and replete storage force state-owned PdV to shut in wells, four company officials tell Argus.

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The decline is most pronounced in the Orinoco heavy oil belt, where production has dwindled to less than 200,000 b/d in recent days, compared with more than 700,000 b/d in early May. The oil belt is traditionally the largest source of Venezuelan crude, but US oil sanctions have exacerbated underlying operational problems to stifle flows. A year ago the oil belt was producing around 1mn b/d (see annex for latest OPEC figures on Venezuela).

FINANCIAL Wigton Windfarm Shares To Be Listed Soon On Jamaica Stock Exchange (JSE) (Jamaica Observer, Balford Henry, 17.May.2019) — The Petroleum Corporation of Jamaica (PCJ) says that the Wigton Windfarm IPO shares will be listed and begin trading on the main market of the Jamaica Stock Exchange (JSE) on Wednesday, May 22.

In an update on the developments since the massive Wigton Windfarm Initial Public Offering (IPO) closed on May 1, the company confirmed that the Jamaica Central Securities Depository (JCSD) and lead broker Mayberry Investments Limited (MIL) have completed reconciliation of all applications in the offer for sale of 11 billion ordinary shares in Wigton pursuant to the April 8 prospectus dated April 2019.

JinkoSolar Prices Follow-on Offering Of 4,062,500 ADSs And Private Placement (JinkoSolar, 15.May.2019) — JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd. priced the follow-on offering of 4,062,500 American depositary shares (the “ADSs”), each representing four ordinary shares of the company, par value US$0.00002 per share (the “ADS Offering”), at US$16.00 per ADS. The company also announced it priced the concurrent private placement (the “Note Private Placement”) of US$85 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2024 (the “Notes”).

The ADS Offering is not contingent upon the closing of the Note Private Placement, and the Note Private Placement is not contingent upon the closing of ADS Offering. The ADS Offering and Note Private Placement, which are subject to customary closing conditions, are expected to close on May 17, 2019.

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Barclays Capital Inc. are acting as joint bookrunners for the ADS Offering.

Roth Capital Partners, LLC is acting as co-manager for the ADS Offering. The company has granted Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Roth Capital Partners, LLC a 30-day option to purchase up to 609,375 additional ADSs to cover over-allotments.

INT’L Sempra Energy Starts Production At Train 1 Of Cameron LNG Facility (Sempra, 14.May.2019) — Sempra Energy announced that Cameron LNG has begun producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) from the first liquefaction train of the Cameron LNG export project in Hackberry, La. “Reaching this important milestone of first LNG production is truly a credit to the team at Cameron LNG and the work they’ve done to reach this point,” said Lisa Glatch, chief operating officer of Sempra LNG and board chair for Cameron LNG. “Cameron LNG expects to load cargoes in the coming weeks – another major step forward to bringing cleaner, affordable energy to global markets.”

Cameron LNG completed all major construction activities for Train 1 of the liquefaction-export project and began the commissioning and start-up process in November 2018. Last month, the facility began receiving gas flow for testing as it reached the final stage of the commissioning process.

Phase 1 of the Cameron LNG export project includes the first three liquefaction trains that will enable the export of approximately 12 million tonnes per annum of LNG, or approximately 1.7 billion cubic feet per day.

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Cameron LNG is jointly owned by affiliates of Sempra LNG, Total, Mitsui & Co., Ltd., and Japan LNG Investment, LLC, a company jointly owned by Mitsubishi Corporation and Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK). Sempra Energy indirectly owns 50.2% of Cameron LNG. Cameron LNG Phase 1 is one of five LNG export projects Sempra Energy is developing in North America. The other projects include Cameron LNG Phase 2, previously authorized by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), which could include up to two additional liquefaction trains and up to two additional LNG storage tanks; Port Arthur LNG in Texas, which recently was approved by FERC; and Energía Costa Azul (ECA) LNG Phase 1 and Phase 2 in Mexico.

Equinor Boosts Stake In Caesar Tonga Field In Deepwater US GOM

share of production from Caesar Tonga is 18,600 boepd (net to Equinor).

“We are pleased to increase our presence in the US, one of our core areas. This is an asset we understand well, and our larger interest will deliver significant additional free cash flow from day one”, says Christopher Golden, Equinor’s senior vice president for Development and Production International, North America Offshore.

Since 2005 Equinor has built up a sizable position in the Gulf of Mexico. In the first quarter of 2019 Equinor’s equity production was 110 000 barrels per day, making it one of the largest producers in the Gulf of Mexico.

“Deepwater Gulf of Mexico forms an important part of Equinor’s portfolio. This deal will strengthen our position in this prolific basin and build on the recent discovery in the Blacktip well. Later this year we will be drilling the Equinor-operated Monument prospect, which has the potential to further develop our position in the Gulf of Mexico,” adds Golden.

The transaction will have an effective date of 1 January 2019. The closing of the transaction will be subject to customary consents and approvals.

Equinor has been present in the US Gulf of Mexico since 2005 with exploration prospects and interests in eight producing fields and two in development. Equinor is the owner and operator of the Titan facility.

Equinor is planning to drill the Monument Paleogene prospect in the US Gulf of Mexico in 2019.

(Equinor, 13.May.2019) — Equinor exercised its preferential rights to acquire an additional 22.45% interest in the Caesar Tonga oil field from Shell Offshore Inc for a total consideration of USD 965 million in cash.

This will increase Equinor’s interest from 23.55% to 46.00%. Anadarko remains the operator with a 33.75% interest, and Chevron retains its 20.25% interest (see annex).

In addition to its offshore portfolio in the US Gulf of Mexico, Equinor has extensive US onshore operations in the Eagle Ford (Texas), the Bakken (North Dakota) and the Appalachian basin (Ohio and Pennsylvania).

Equinor has approximately 1,000 employees in the US with main offices in Houston (TX), Austin (TX) and Stamford (CT).

The Caesar Tonga field is located 180 miles (290 kilometres) south-southwest of New Orleans in the Green Canyon area and is one of the largest deepwater resources in the US Gulf of Mexico. Equinor’s current

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Arctech Launches 120-Module 2P Solar Tracker In Industry First Move (Arctech, 13.May.2019) — Arctech Solar launched its latest research achievement SkySmart-2, the industry’s first independent single-axis tracking system which introduces multiple fans driving up to 120 solar modules.

It can solve the instability problem of regular 2P (two modules in portrait) tracking system and provide better stability for PV plant in extreme weather conditions.

Compared to standard independent tracking system currently in the market, SkySmart-2 is a robust and costeffective solution for the PV plant. The key features of the new tracker include: — Enhanced wind-resistance capability On the basis of innovative structure design, 2P, four driving (fixed) points and two stage worm gears, SkySmart-2 can provide better system stability during extreme weather conditions, especially strong wind.

— The industrial N-S slope record 20% With the unique top of post, SkySmart-2 adapts to 20% SN slope, equivalent to 11.3 degrees, which is the largest N-S slope ever in tracker industry.

— A good match of bifacial modules Not only it ensures there is no covering on the back of bifacial module and maximize the performance of bifacial module, but it also compatible with all commercially available photovoltaic modules.

— Fewer foundations If 370Wp modules are installed on a row, only 202 foundations will be used for 1MW; If 420Wp modules are installed on a row, only 178 foundations will be used for 1MW. — Lower cost

which can reduce installation, operating and maintenance costs.

— Compatible with 1500V systems The world’s first tracking system which compatible with 1500V four-string systems.

— AI controller Integration SkySmart-2 is applied with 1500V photovoltaic string power supply system designed with artificial intelligence controller — LoRa-wireless communication Equipped with the latest communication technology— Lora Wireless, SkySmart-2 has lower power consumption and larger coverage range(8km) to keep the signal stable under various climate circumstances.

“The solar tracker industry had learned several hard lessons last year. SkySmart-2 is designed to respond to those challenges at affordable cost for utility scale solar projects. It is at the final stage of internal testing and set to enter the global market shortly,” said Mr. Guy Rong, President of Arctech Solar’s international business. “In fact, it has attracted lots of attentions when we discussed this product with our customers. They love the design concept! We will see some solar projects equipped with SkySmart-2 very soon.”

The latest tracking system marks Arctech Solar’s efforts in research and development. With the goal of developing industry-leading solar structures to meet client needs, the Company has complete product portfolio, including the world-leading SkySmart tracker, Skyline tracker, Arctracker Pro tracker and fixed structures. Each product has been expertly researched and developed by Arctech Solar’s team of 70 engineers and developers in its inhouse R&D center and is then verified by third-party experts to meet local requirements and ensure strict quality control standards.

With the Company’s ten years of experience in manufacturing solar structures, it has deployed more than 900 projects in over 20 countries and guarantees to deliver on-time with reliable quality.

The system comes with only one motor and controller, all worm gears are linked by mechanical synchronizing shaft,

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ANNEX OPEC FIGURES

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EQUINOR GULF OF MEXICO ASSETS

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