(Not So Simple) Machines

(Not So Simple)

Machines

Inside: Video games and their Players Tech in Careers The Evolution of Smartphones Firefighting Robots LASA E-Zine Spring 2017

A study of design

Table of Contents 8 Level Up 12

Rain Making Games

14 Technology In Jobs 18 The Big Bucks in Technology 20 Smartphones 2 (Not So Simple) Machines Spring

Evolution of Smartphones

24

Robots in Action

26

F TC and How it Works

30

What Design Really is

32

Unique Products of Technology

36

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Contributors’ Pages

Aditya Desai is a dedicated member of the team. He worked on the table of contents, along with story layouts. Outside of Ezine, he participates in FTC Robotics and plays ice hockey. He also enjoys math and science.

Ambika Chauhan is an innovative member of the team. She worked on some of the design layouts, and likes to keep the mood light with the team to be the most efficient. While being a freshman is tough, she still tries to read with a cup of coffee, and likes paint with her mum in their studio at home. While juggling extra-curriculars and school, she works hard, while still being care-free.

Malcolm Gavigan is a fun member of the team. He stays positive throughout the work, and keeps the group in a good mood, even if it sacrifices a bit of productive time. Malcolm enjoys artistic parts of magazines, such as photography and graphic design. Currently, he goes to Liberal Arts Science Academy High School in Austin, Texas as a freshman.

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Kevin Lips is a freshman at LASA, and enjoys math and science.

He works hard for all of his classes, while still having to balance his extracurricular activities, such as soccer, track, and cross country.

Joey Genet is a hard-working member of his team and the editor of this magazine. He pushes his group to succeed and work hard while still trying to seem approachable and fun. He plays a lot of video games in his free time, but when he’s making layouts or writing features, he gets the job done.

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Negative Space

“The science of today is the technology of tomorrow.�

-Edward Teller

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Letter From the Editor Hi! I’m Joey, (Not So Simple) Machines’ editor. I hope you find the content and design of this magazine both well-crafted and entertaining. I want our readers to see how sincere and committed our writers are to the field of science and technology. This magazine covers a large range of issues and innovations, so there’s something for everyone to love about (Not So Simple) Machines. From the effect that videogames have on their players to fire fighting robots, this magazine covers a wide array of tech-related topics.

A lot of time went into interviewing sources, drafting features, crafting layouts in Indesign and conducting research for all of our alternative story formats. In fact, it took more than four months just to get a rough draft of our magazine completed! But in doing so, this band of novices has transformed into a team of competent writers and designers.

I hope you enjoy (Not So Simple) Machines!

- Joey Genet Spring (Not So Simple) Machines

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Le ve lU p A Super Nintendo Entertainment System Controller

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Evan Amos

Evan Amos

A Nintendo Game Boy

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magine exploring whole worlds with your friends, stepping into the shoes of intrepid adventurers or fearless bounty hunters in order to undertake a massive quest together. Games have proved to create, maintain and strengthen relationships between those in both small groups and massive communities.

[ … ] so it definitely keeps me in touch with him as far as playing games with him once a week. He has a job right now; he works a week, and then he’s off for a week, and works a week, and off for a week, so usually when he’s off, we’ll play two or three times that week and check up with him. It’s not even checking up with him, it’s just interacting and bonding with him.”

Not only can games be the catalysts for new friendships, but they can also maintain longterm relationships. For Foster, video games have proved to be an effective way for him to connect with an old friend.

Marco Verch

“You watch somebody else play it [your game] and they’re going through it and they’re just looking around and they’re playing — it’s cool to see somebody else discover it.” -Ben Pinckney Video games are still a new creative medium, and within a handful of decades, they have evolved into a very popular form of entertainment.

However, with the expedient growth of the industry, people have begun to wonder what effects this increasingly common recreation may have on those that play them. Some of these critics believe that games can be detrimental to relationships. But both playing and creating games provides a plethora of opportunities for making new friends and forging new experiences.

Games have helped Philip Foster, a game developer at Scientific Games, and his friend stay connected over the years. Foster says, “We definitely live a couple hundred miles apart now

People gathering to play World of Warcraft Legion at Gamescom

Some serious romantic relationships have even been made through games. As Ben Pinckney, an artist at Scientific Games, recalled, “I know a guy in Seattle who met his wife playing — I think it was “Warcraft,” or some game like that — she lived in England, and they played the game together so much, and then they started talking outside of the game, and they fell in love, and she moved from England to America, and they got married [ … ] that had to be the nerdiest wedding ever.” While games have the ability to bring people together on a small scale, they also have the power to create serious romantic connections strong enough to span the globe.

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Within larger groups of people, certain games like “Street Fighter” that are frequently played at tournaments can promote a sense of community.

In “most tournaments,” Kevin Crow says, “there’s always exceptions. But the players in the semifinals and finals always shake hands and seem very polite to each other.” Games like these can create large-scale communities and can reinforce good sportsmanship and other important skills.

According to Polygon, at Evo 2016, an annual event that hosts tournaments for several fighting games, there were upward of 14,000 contestants who signed up to fight. According to the school’s website, That’s more than 10 times the number of students at the Liberal Arts and Science Academy (LASA)! This is the event’s largest year yet; the fighting game community is continuing to grow, as is the video game community as a whole.

Some of these communities, however, can grow exceedingly large. As Pinckney described, “And one funny thing I remember hearing about “World of Warcraft” — and I don’t know if it’s still as big as it was — but at least at one point, you had 14 million subscribers, so they said this fictional world — I forget what the name for it is — but the “World of Warcraft” basically has 14 million people living in it — theoretically — as their avatars, and they said the population of Switzerland is less than that, and there are more people in the “World of Warcraft” than there are in Switzerland!”

desire to create a world and experience was what got me to want to be in the industry.”

On a more personal level, video games can influence major career decisions people make in their lives.

Besides the relationships you might forge while making something with your co-workers (an occurrence common in most jobs), the gamemaking industry provides unique experiences. As Pinckney says, “You watch somebody else play it [your game] and they’re going through it and they’re just looking around and they’re playing — it’s cool to see somebody else discover it. So, to me, that’s always the most fun thing about making interactive stuff is that it’s not just like, ‘Hey, here’s this movie I made! Sit down and watch it!’ It’s like they’re actually interacting with it and experiencing it in their own way.”

Games are a unique and interesting medium because they are interactive. Games can be very meaningful for people because each individual

While a bit startling at first, this statistic shows just how large of a community games can support. These millions and millions of people help demonstrate how games can create enormous communities where people (like the two mentioned earlier) can meet and create serious relationships.

“I would say what inspired me [to join the game industry are] just the first few games that I’ve played,” Pinckney reminisced. “It was so fun to be exploring the environment, and I just I wanted to create characters, and I want to create environments. I want to make my own little world, just the things I was seeing, and again, this was Sega Genesis era, so it was pretty simple, but it was still — the colors and everything — it was vibrant, and it was exciting. I would say that

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A Nintendo Gamecube

player experiences it in their own way. When we share these experiences with other people, we can make relationships.

Pinckney describes the future of multiplayer games in virtual reality: “Alien Isolation is one of the games where you’re on the space station trapped with an alien, and you play the game on a PS4 or something, it’s kind of scary. You play that on a Vive, it’s terrifying [ … ] You really feel like you’re there. And you combine that with multiplayer [ … ] You get to the point where you’re creating a very immersive experience, and then [ … ] it’ll be like, ‘oh man, you remember that time that we went through an entire space station

together and escaped this creature?’ That’s something that when I was a kid, that wouldn’t happen. When I was a kid, it’d be like, ‘hey you remember when we beat “Super Mario World?”

That was awesome!’ It’s a little different, you know?”

More people are being influenced by games as advancements are made in the game industry.

Games will be easier to produce and share with others in immersive ways. As games continue to grow, it will become ever-easier to experience something amazing with others and bond over video games.

Evan Amos

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Rain-making G

What games have sold the most copies, and what games have had the biggest impact? are listed here, along with the number of copies that they have sold.

Tetris: 35mil (on Gameboy; 495 mil everywhere)

Wii Sports: 82.78mil

Super Mario Bros.: 40.24mil

Minecraft: 122mil

GTA V: 75mil

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Games

What games have sold the most copies since their release dates?

? Well, this small infographic strives to inform you! Five of the top-selling games

(Tetris sold 35 million copies on the Gameboy alone; on all consoles and devices, it has sold around 495 million!)

1 Piece equals 5 million Copies sold

Data From Forbes, Connectedly, WhatCulture, Wikipedia

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Technology in Jobs

By Malcolm Gavigan

A record player: The music industry is being influenced by technology

echnology has evolved rapidly in the past century and is used in almost every profession imaginable. In the past, major technological advances included box televisions and room sized computers, but now people have touch screen laptops ten times as powerful than a computer from the 80s. Sometimes professions are guided and helped with technology, but other professions are made solely of technology such as a video game designer. The art of music has been changed throughout the years. Because of technology, you can now make new types of music and easily share the things that you love.

Whether we know it or not, technology has changed the population drastically and affects people every day. Music has been around since humanity was evolved enough to build musical instruments. Almost every population has a type or types of music that embraces what they know and love. Punk was created to give off an emotion that was grasping everyone at the time. People hated the way music was made and wanted to show that by making

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something that countered the “normal way.” But by doing that, the type of music was added and expressed into the life of others. This is just one of example of how music can change people.

John Churchill works as a piano teacher and music production artist. His job uses technology every day whether it is integrated in how he teaches, or uses common things like emails.

“I both teach and write music for a living.

That being said, without music my daily activities would be quite different.”

- Churchill Music is just one thing that technology has affected over the decades. In its purest form, it is still the same. But in other ways like sharing, it has changed. John mentioned that using Spotify and other ways to get music off the internet helps him tremendously when his students want to learn a specific song.

And even some type of music, like electronic, wouldn’t be around today if it weren’t for technology.

All Images in this article were pulled from Google Images, and were labeled for reuse

A piano is one way people use technology for work

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This is a graphic designer working on one of her projects

Technology has also been integrated into schools on multiple levels explained by Nabeeha Ghani, a student that goes to Liberal Arts Science Academy in Austin, Texas. She says that many people have phones and use them, but not for the regular social media and instead for things like checking grades, alarms to wake up, music and a calculator.

School has changed drastically since technology was implemented. Teachers use projectors to show their work and make it easier to do so.

Some classes use online games and websites to help the students study, and other classes are especially made to teach how to use upcoming and current tech.

Dermot Gavigan is indirectly affected by music when it comes to his work. But music still reminds him of when he used to play in bands with his friends. Dermot now works in Annual Survey of Manufactures and Logging(ASML) to build chips for Samsung and other companies. Without

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“A lot of things are technologybased nowadays and there are many examples of that when it comes to school.�

- Ghani

]technology, his work would not be possible.

While he supervises making technology, music also affects him.

Some people don’t understand that technology has affected them drastically, especially those who grew up with the industry already booming.

If the rate of technological advancement continues, normal people who have cars, that run off gasoline, will have electric cars. Grocery stores will be completely automated and people might not even have to leave the house to get their weekly groceries. But currently, many jobs in the field of technology are excelling and they affect us every day even if we never notice it.

“By reminding me of good times with friends while listening to same songs on the radio when I’m driving as when I was listening to the same song while with them. Songs I recognize often remind me of other times.”

- Gavigan

This is a programmer working on her program

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The Big Bucks in Technology These pages demonstrate what jobs are available in the tech industry and the difference between each one, along with the differences in revenue earned.

This graph demonstrates dollar amounts earned by certain tech jobs anually.

150,000 135,000 120,000

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IT Manager

Computer Network Architect

15,000

Video Game Designer

30,000

Mechanical Engineer

45,000

Web Developer

60,000

Programmer

75,000

Electromechanical Engineer

90,000

Software Developer

105,000

Software Developer A software developer is someone who works with computers to build programs or different computer software.

Web Developer A web developer is someone who works to code online websites. This can be used for about any business, big or small.

Mechanical Engineer A mechanical engineer uses physics, science, and math to create machines.

IT Manager An information technology manager works with a company or organization to make sure that the technology is working correctly and running smoothly.

Programmer A programer is someone who uses a certain type of code for different things. These types of code could include Java, HTML, C++, and others.

Computer Network Architect Computer Network Architects work to build networks for things like wifi or LAN.

Electromechanical Engineer Electromechanical Engineers work with electricity and make sure that everything is working properly in buildings and structures that need it.

Video Game Designer A video-game designer is someone who uses specific code to program video games, but this also could include the part of the team that works with art of games.

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A Samsung Phone

T

he smartphone has become a major part of our life. Almost everybody uses them; some for entertainment, and others for communication. 10 years ago, the first smartphone was released, and it was a huge step forward. Since then, people around the world have started using this new technology.

Ever since the first smartphone, the technology has continued to evolve. There have been many new features and improvements added, like a better display, a fingerprint scanner, 3-D touch, and exploding batteries. The touch screen made phones a lot easier to use, and the technology will continue to evolve.

The first smartphone was released about 10 years ago, and the technology has evolved quickly. With the first smartphone, almost all it could do was make phone calls and take pictures. “The original iPhone didn’t have the app store, and now you can get I don’t know how many tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of apps on the app store, iTunes didn’t exist, and you couldn’t download music onto it,” said Stephan Lips, someone who ued the very first smart phone.

Since the first iPhone came out, there have been companies, like Nexus and Samsung who have been trying to catch up to Apple, but Apple has some advantages. One is that they control both the hardware and software that goes into their phones, whereas the phones that run android have to modify the operating system so that it better fits their phones.

The fact that Apple control everything about their phones helps them make the two parts (hardware and software) fit together. Aditya Desai, a ninth grader at LASA High School, is an android user, and said what he thinks is good about iPhones. “Apple controls all of the software that is on an iPhone. That’s why iPhones have amazing

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hn Tekeridis

Smartphones - A wireless, mobile device that combines platform software, a browser, a modern chipset, and a telephone handset

By Kevin Lips battery life, because they optimize it to a ridiculous point, and so, that’s why they are so responsive, Apple keeps everything rolling, doesn’t use more processing power than it needs to.” This is the one a thing that Aditya hopes to see in future android phones that Apple currently has.

While Apple does have some advantages, other

“What you see on the screen now is still has the basic concepts of the original iphone but everything behind that is completely different. It’s a completely different world. The original iphone didn’t have the app store, and now you can get I don’t know how many tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of apps on the app store.”

- Stephan Lips phone companies, like Samsung and Google, have started to catch up with them. It is arguable how much they have caught up, and whether or not they have passed Apple. “They have caught up, to a fair extent, but nobody has the same benefit that Apple has, because Apple generate hardware and software in house. They know the hardware that their software will be running off. They control both. Android has caught up, but they can only catch up so far, because they only control one half of the puzzle, that’s the software, whereas apple controls the entire system,” says Lips, who has used both apple and android. Lips added that apple’s

phones run much smoother because of the fact that they are able to control the hardware and software that goes into their new phones.

One thing that Apple is known for is how simple and easy to use their phones are. “Apple, all along has done an excellent job in making the system as foolproof as can be, you have people that are non technical that can get the idea of how apple works, and they are able to use their phones. Android doesn’t have that slickness factor, they’re getting there, but they’re exposing a lot more of the controls to the end user,” Lips said.

While android is more complex, you can do a lot more with it in terms of customization, which is why a lot of people prefer it over Apple.

There are a lot of phones that run android, while only one phone runs Apple. This is a huge advantage for Apple, because they only have to make their operating systems with iPhones in mind, while companies like Samsung has to change and modify android operating systems so they can better fit their phones.

“They [Google] use android, the operating system unmodified. So, the way google publishes it, that’s the way it runs on android.

If you buy a Samsung, an HTC, or one of those, they modify android to an extent where it feels like a completely new operating system, they put a lot of what’s called bloatware on it, it’s just applications, apps that run ads and what not, that just use up resources on the phone, and, you can’t use up resources on the phone, and,

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you can’t even uninstall, and because all these changes, whenever Google releases an update to the operating system, you aren’t getting that on Samsung or HTC. If there’s a security flaw that they find, then the next day there will be a fix

“Apple is very slick and very integrated, and they do an excellent job with that, but they also put you into a certain habit, or rut of how they want you to do things, whereas on Android you have the ability to go in and modify the system and make it more to my liking, including easily bootstrapping, which means mess with the operating system to a level where you would have to jailbreak an iphone.”

- Stephan Lips

can get the weather, you can send a text, you can ask for showtimes, or restaurants near you, but bring it closer to what you can do by tapping on the screen. So, you can talk to your phone, or interact with it like you would with another human being.

That, I think would be the single largest step to take with smartphones.”

The first smartphone was nothing near what we have today with our phones, but it was light years ahead of the flip phones before that. While the technology has continued to evolve over the last decade, there is still a lot to expect in the future.

Anthony Quintano

out if it’s severe enough, but the time it takes for Samsung to adopt that fix into their code base and push an update, it’s gonna be at best weeks, if not months.”

While there are many small features that have come out since the original iPhone, by far the largest feature to be added in the last decade to cell phones has been the touch screen.

Many have been wondering what the next big Maurizio Pesce

feature will be. some think that the biggest most logical step forward would be to make it so you don’t have to use your hands to use your phone.

Lips says, “Siri or Google assistant, where you use voice control to control it, take that to the next step, to where you don’t have people talking to their phones, but I don’t know how you would pick up on that short of telepathy or putting a chip in your brain. So, simplifying the input mechanism even more, making siri or Google assistant smarter in what they do. Right now you The Google Pixel is one of the newest android phones that came out in 2016.

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The Samsung S8 Edge is the newest and most exciting smartphone to come out, being the closest one to having full screen display.

Unsplash

Someone operating an iPhone

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The very first iPhone came out. This was the first smartphone, and the first device to have a touchscreen.

September 3, 2008

The very first android came out more than a year after the first iPhone, yet they have caught up quickly. While it had a touchscreen, it still had a physical keyboard that you had to use to type.

The

Evolution of Smartphones

January 9, 2007

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June 2009

September 20, 2013

The first Samsung smartphone came out half a year after the first android. Samsung started to use a modified android operating system, and have become one of apple’s biggest rivals.

April 14, 2015

Wireless charging was introduced. The apple watch was the first product to introduce wireless charging. Samsung quickly adopted it and used it in their Galaxy S5. Samsung was the first company to use wireless charging in a smartphone.

Fingerprint technology was introduced to smartphones. It was first seen on the iPhone 5S, when apple put it on the home button.

Other companies like Samsung and Nexus have come out with their own designs, like putting it on the back of the phone.

Virual reality was introduced to smartphones. The Samsung S6 was the first smartphone with virtual reality capabilities. Along with the Samsung S6, Samsung released the Samsung Gear VR. This along with the S6 would let you experience virual reality.

November 20, 2015

FUTURE

September 9, 2015

3D Touch was introduced to Smartphones. Apple used it in the iPhone 6s, and were the first company to incorperate 3D Touch in a smartphone. 3D Touch is a feature where the smartphone screen can sense how much force you are putting on the screen and the phone can respnd differently depending on how much force you are putting on the screen.

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All images in this article were labeled for reuse and/or taken by the author

Robots in Action: Firefighting

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F Firefighters have bulky equipment when navigating buildings

Firefighters have to operate in dangerous conditions

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LASA Robotics builds robots like these to compete against other teams from around the world

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In the end, education and opportunity are strived for

“High schools have a responsibility to provide training for students to be successful�

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By: Aditya Desai By: Aditya Desai

AND HOW IT WORKS AND HOW IT WORKS The TheDC DCMotor Moturns tor turns when when it has it has power power sent sent toto it, it, making the robot move

The power distribution module sends power to the submodules based on what the phone tells it The DC Motor controller directs power to the specified motors and sends back information

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In the world of robotics, there thecomplicated world of robotics, areIn very systems there are very complicated that connect the different systems that connect the components.

In this, the reader different components. this, will learn how FTC robotsInare the wired readerand will learn how FTC connected.

robots are wired and connect

The phone The phone connected to the to the connected controller sends out controller sends out a signal a signal

The signal is received and based on the code, power is sent to modules

The controller sends out signals whenever a button isispressed pressed or aa stick stick is pushed

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Pixabay

What Design Really Is By: Ambika Chauhan

hen someone says digital software, imagination and lots of thinking, some think of computer science, or engineering, but now a growing handful think of the innovation of design.

For something that takes place everywhere, all the time, and yet simultaneously encourages use without over complicating, it’s definitely not given enough credit. The incredible field of design has been brought to life by people from all over the world, working together to make a more comfortable and suited environment.

The Eiffel Tower

Design is a subject and topic that has numerous meanings. But its speciality, is how it changes from each individual, by each individual through their expressions of feelings and emotions. For architects, such as Medha

Swaroop, it may be to create novel ideas, products, books, marketing strategies, cars, buildings and anything under the sun! Hence, the conceptualisation of creating new things and realising them is design.

For others like software designers, it could “make one appreciate the ingenuity of the designer, especially if it presents a solution that one might not have thought of before,” says Krishna Sheerabdhi.

People have varying definitions of design according to their originality, but they are talking about design, and thus they must have some similarities.

A career in design such as architecture, is more than just a profession, it is “a passion, a zeal within oneself” said Ar. Swaroop.

In the earlier days, design was typically understood as ‘common sense,’ but the appreciation of design has grown over the years as computers became commonplace, and many of their interactions translated to digital.

When discussing good design, designers aim for improvising through its functionality, creativity, and producing a better outcome. A designer must strike the right balance between security and usability, because the goal of good design is that it encourages usage.

To create a better outcoe and to utilize to its maximum capability, traditional designers used blueprints

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Ariarmstrong

“Appreciate the Ingenuity of the designer.�

The Freedom Tower in New York City

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and graphite or charcoal sketches. This was a slow and tedious process that took days on end. Now, having the aid of computers and digital software to update oneself to the latest technicalities, increases the possibilities of making the product more user friendly.

The most commonly used softwares is Computer Aided Design (CAD). AutoCAD, the most widely used software which helps make twodimensional and three-Dimensional drawings.

It even helps to “produce working drawings that help to get the 2D layout executed and marked on site,” said Ar. Swaroop.

In addition to this, various software is also being used to create 3-D and 2-D drawings and rendered presentations. Adobe suite offers rendering software like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Autodesk, Revit, ArchiCAD, Vectorworks are some others widely used.

For 3-D virtual models 3DSMax, MAYA and Google sketchup softwares are used. Every day with more practical experience in the field, conceptualising new design projects involving greater degree of technical and design inputs, helped me in recreating my design skills through more coordinated professional interactions Swaroop believes the main purpose of design is to help the user. “Design not only applies to products or buildings, it is applicable to every single thing be it a discussion, that serves as a process in creating a novel proposal for an organisation.” It can be from writer, to an exchampion tennis professional like Dennis Ralston who had his leg amputated, and currently has a prosthetic. He feels that “due to all the amazing progress they made with prosthetic limbs and legs and it’s really not been a burden on me much at all.”

Getty Images

Blueprints of a building in Ontario

Of course, there is always room for improvement such as making it lighter, improving the physical appearance, and “having something comfortable enough to sleep with” in terms of prosthetics.

This situation is satisfying for the customers, but designers still persevere the thought that design is never right or wrong, it is an individual’s perception. Rightly quoted by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, a German-American architect “form follows function”.

Through time, design has slowly evolved, but with the constant improvements in technology, and “considering the current scenario of the pace the world is growing at, we will no longer be able to meet the living standards without the constant innovation and improvements in design.”

For some like Mr. Sheerabdhi, good design has always inspired people to make one appreciate the “ingenuity of the designer, especially if it presents a solution that one might not have thought of before,” For others like Medha Swaroop, “A feel of accomplishment through my own skills and realising my ideas into concrete reality is what I have always deeply desired.” said Swaroop.

Asked if he would change anything in the design to make it more user - friendly from the patient’s perspective, and Ralston replied “not much of anything.” This demonstrated that through the process of asking, fixing, and repeating, they have come to a place where their patients are content with the outcome; thus the goal of design is reached.

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Unique Products of Technology The Sony NW-HD1 Audio Player: 2004 One of the sleekest and smallest music players availible at the time. This device was portable, comfortable to hold, and simple to look at excet for small hitch; in order to play any music you had to convert your MP3’s into the devices format only using the jukebox software that came with the device.

OQO Model: 2004 Portable computers were already out, and the next generation was developing, the OQO Model used as a hamster in the industry. It had a 20BG hardrive, and touchscreen interface, but wasnt engough to support the complete windows XP System that made using it very, very slow. Also, the keyboard buttons made typing a little cumbersome. All in all, this device was a great base model for the coming genertations.

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Everex CloudBook: 2008 We could say this was in beggining of a new generation in technology.

After experimenting with the OQO Model, out comes the Cloudbook. it was an improvemet from the past, but still not yet there. The main design flaw of this was the track pad located on the top right of the screen. It had a late reaction time and the harware in the laptop made it allitlle less portable.

www.complex.com www.thinkstockimages.com

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“The real problem is not whether machines think, but whether men do.�

-B. F. Skinner

An ethernet cablerd

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Pixabay

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Pexels