Media may 2016

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sabv 2016

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kwÿm-\-k¿°m-cns‚ Iogn¬ Im°-\m´p (sIm-®n) {]h¿Øn-°p∂ tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥ \S-Øp∂ tP¿Wenkw & Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥, ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv & AUz¿ssS-kn-Mv, Sn.-hn. tP¿W-enkw F∂o t]mÃv {KmtUz‰v Untπma tImgvkp-Iƒ°v At]£ £Wn-®p. tImgvkp-I-fpsS ssZ¿Lyw Hcp h¿j-am-Wv. GsX-¶nepw hnj-b-Øn¬ _ncp-Z-amWv ASn-ÿm-\tbm-Ky-X. _ncp-Z-]-co£ Fgp-Xn-b-h¿°pw At]-£n°mw. {]mbw 31.05.2016¬ 27 hb v Ihn-b-cp-Xv. ]´nI hn`m-K-°m¿°v A©p h¿jsØ hb- n-f-hp-≠v. A`ncp-Nn-]-co-£-bp-sSbpw C‚¿hyq-hn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\Øn-em-bn-cn°pw {]th-i-\w. tImgn-t°m-Sv, Fd-WmIpfw, sIm√w F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ {]th-i-\-]-co-£m-tI{μ-߃ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

kwÿm-\-k¿°m-dns‚ kzbw-`-c-W-ÿm-]-\amb tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥ \S-Øp∂ hoUntbm FUn-‰nMv k¿´n-^n-°‰v tImgvkn\v At]£ £Wn-®p. Xnbdnbpw {]mIv S n- ° epw Dƒs∏sS 6 amk- a mWp tImgv k ns‚ Imem- h - [ n. c≠p _m®n- e mbn 30 t]¿°mWp {]th-i-\w. AXn-\q-X\ tkm^v‰vshbdp-I-fn¬ ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ipw. k¿°m¿ AwKo-Im-c-ap≈ tImgvkn\v ]co-£m^okv Dƒs∏sS 24050 cq]-bmWv ^okv. ]´n-IP - mXn/ ]´n-I-h¿K/H.-C.-kn. hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°p ^okv B\pIqeyw e`n-°pw. πkvSp hnZym-`ym-k-tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈h¿°v At]-£n-°mw. ASn-ÿm\tbmKyXm]co-£bpsS sadn‰v ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw {]th-i-\w. {]mbw 31.5.2016 ¬ 30 hb v Ihn-b-cp-Xv. ]´nI hn`mK-°m¿°v A©p hb v Cf-hp-≠v. sabv 2016

At]-£m-t^m-dhpw t{]mkvs]-IvSkpw aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bpsS www.keralamediaacademy.org F∂ sh_vssk-‰n¬ \n∂v Uu¨temUv sNømw. At]£m ^okv 300 cq] (]-´nI hn`mKw/]´nI/PmXn/H.-C.-kn.

150 cq]) At]-£-tbm-sSm∏w sk{I-´-dn, tIcf aoUnb A°m- Z an F∂ t]cn¬ Fd- W m- I pfw k¿hokv {_m©n¬ amdm-hp∂ Unam‚ v {Um^v‰mbn \¬I-Ww. sN°pw ^okv \¬ImØ At]-£I - fpw kzoI-cn-°n-√. ]qcn-∏n® At]-£m-t^mdw 2016 Pq¨ 30-˛\v sshIn´v A©p aWn-°Iw sk{I-´-dn, tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan, Im°-\m-Sv, sIm®n-˛30 F∂ hnem-k-Øne`n-°-Ww. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-߃ A°m-Zan Hm^o-kn\n∂p e`n-°pw. t^m¨: 0484 2422275, 0484 2100700; C˛-sa-bn¬: keralamediaacademy.gov @gmail.com.

Zriy-am-[y-a-ß-fnepw hoUntbm FUn-‰nMv cwKØpw sXmgn¬ km[y-X-bp≈ Cu tImgvkns‚ {]mtbm-Kn-I-]cn-io-e-\-Øn\p kpk-÷-amb FUn‰v kyq´v, B¿´v ÃpUntbm, Hu´v tUm¿ hoUntbm jq´nMv kwhn-[m\w F∂nh A°m-Zan {Iao-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

A°m- Z an sh_vssk- ‰ mb www.keralamedia academy.org ¬ \n∂p t^mdw Uu¨temUv sNbvXv At]£ ka¿∏n-°mw. At]-£-tbm-sSm∏w sk{I-´-dn, tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an, Im°-\mSv F∂ t]cn¬ FdWm-Ipfw k¿hokv {_m©n¬ amdm-hp∂ 300 cq]-bpsS (]-´n-I-hn-`m-K-°m¿°v 150 cq]) Unam‚ v {Um^v‰pw \¬IWw. At]£ kzoI-cn-°p∂ Ah-km\XobXn 2016 Pq¨ 15. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-߃°v t^m¨: 0484 2422275, 2100700.

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sabv 2016

]pkvXIw 4

e°w 10

hne `20

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FUnt‰mdnb¬

04

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ Ip‰m-t\z-j-I-cm-Ip-tºmƒ

06

J. V. Vil’anilam

C.]n. jmPp-±o≥

]{X-`m-jbpw ae-bm-f-`m-jm-]-Z-k-©-bhpw

The Influence of Intrapersonal 30 Communication on Reporting and Public Communication

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am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø\w: [m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw \nb-{¥-Whpw

32

tUm. _m_p sNdn-bm≥ jmPn tP°_v

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø\w: \ho-\-Ime{]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ

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_na¬ Ipam¿ cma-¶cn

H¨en _mUv \yqkv Cukv KpUv \yqkv

Toms’ beware kids

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t_m_\pw tamfnbpw ]ns∂ Rm\pw cmPp-\m-b¿

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kwKo-Xao PohnXw: sPdn Aa¬tZhv

44

A°m-Zan hm¿Ø-Iƒ

46

Bookshelf

49

temIw I≠ hc

50

s{^bnw s^bnw

51

19

sI. F¬. taml-\-h¿Ω Food writing as literature

22

Shoma A. Chatterji

A]-Io¿Øn {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-ambn XpS-cp-tºmƒ

26

F≥.-]n.-B¿ sabv 2016

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ap≥hm-Xn¬

At\zj-W-hgnIfnse am[y-a-acym-Z-Iƒ

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am

Editor Sergy Antony Editorial Board V.V. Dakshinamoorthy K.C. Rajagopal George Podippara

Printer & Publisher A. Abdul Hakkim Co ordinating Editor K.R. Pramod Kumar Marketing In Charge Shainus Markose Design & Layout Chetana Media, Kottayam Address ‘Media’ Kerala Media Academy Kakkanad, Kochi – 682 030 Phone: 0484 2422275 Email : kmamedia2015@gmail.com mediamag.kma@gmail.com Website: www.keralamediaacademy.org sabv 2016

[y-a{- ]-h¿Ø-Ic - psS Npa-Xe - I - ƒ kw_-‘n®v hyXy-kvXa - mb A`n-{]m-bß - ƒ ÿm]\ DS-aI - ƒ°pw s]mXp-ka - q-lØ - n-\p-ap-≠mImw. hm¿Ø-Iƒ dnt∏m¿´p sNøpI am{X-a√, Ah \n¿an-°p-∂X - nepw Nne am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ Ct∏mƒ Gsd {i≤ ]Xn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v. \ymbm-[n]∑mcp-sSbpw t]meo-kn-s‚bpw tPmen IqSn am[y-a{- ]-h¿Ø-I¿ Gs‰Sp-t°-≠X - pt≠m Fs∂mcp tNmZy-Øn\v C∂p {]k‡n Gdn hcnIbmWv. am[y-aß - ƒ F√m taJ-eI - f - nepw Ibdn CS-s]-Sp-∂p-sh-s∂m-cp]-cm-Xn-bpw hym]-Ia - mbn Db-cp-∂p-≠v. Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßf - psS Imcy-Øn¬ Cu Btcm-]Ww Gsd {]k-‡a - m-Wv. hmb-\° - m-cpsS, t{]£-Ic - psS, tIƒhn-°m-cpsS temI-Øp-\n∂v CXns\ hne-bn-cp-Øp-tºmƒ hyXy-kvXa - mb A`n-{]m-bß - ƒ Dbcpw. \ham-[y-aß - f - psS Ime-am-Wn-t∏mƒ. am[y-aß - f - n¬ hcp∂ hm¿Ø-If - nse sshcp-[y-߃ \h-am-[y-aß - f - n-eqsS Ct∏mƒ sshd-em-Im-dp≠v. GsX¶n-ep-samcp ]{X-Ønt\m Nm\-ent\m D≠mb A_≤w ]s≠ms° B am[y-aß - ƒ ImWp-∂h - tcm tIƒ°p-∂h - tcm hmbn-°p-∂h - tcm am{Xta Adn-™n-cp-∂p≈q. C∂n-t∏mƒ \h-am-[y-aß - ƒ AXv F√m-hc - nepw FØn°p∂p. Adn-bm-Øh - ¿ t]mepw Adn™psN∂p Is≠-Øn-s°m≈pw.

AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ IqSp-X¬ Pm{KX am[y-a{- ]-h¿Ø-Ic - psS `mK-Øp\n∂v D≠m-tI-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p.

Ip‰m-t\z-jWw t]meo-kn\p am{X-a√, am[y-a-߃°pw F∂pw XmXv]c - y-ap≈ hnj-ba - mWv. ]e Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßfpw P\-{i≤bmI¿jn-°p∂Xv Ahbv°p In´p∂ am[y-a{- i-≤ a - q-ea - mWv. tIkn¬ Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°p∂ hy‡n-I-fpsS {]m[m\yw, Ah-cpsS kmaq-l-nIm-hÿ, kmº-Øn-IÿnXn XpSßn Ht´sd Imcy-߃ Cu hm¿Øm{]m[m-\y-Øns‚ Afhp-tIm-emWv. F∂m¬, Nne A{]-[m\kw`-hß - ƒ°pw Gsd am[y-a{i≤ e`n-°p-∂Xv A]q¿ham-sb-¶nepw kw`-hn-°m-dp≠v.

Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃ dnt∏m¿´p sNøp-∂X - n¬ am[y-aß - ƒ ]men-t°≠ am\-ZW - vUß - ƒ Fs¥m-°b - mWv? e`y-amb hnh-cß - ƒ \¬In XnI®pw Hu]-Nm-cn-Ia - mb DØ-ch - m-ZnXzw am{Xw \n¿h-ln-®m¬ aXntbm? Ip‰mt\z-jI - ¿ \S-tØ≠ At\z-jW - ß - f - n¬ A\m-hi - y-amb CS-s]-S¬ \SØp-∂Xp am[y-a[ - ¿Ω-amtWm? XpS-ßnb ]e tNmZy-ßfpw Db-cm-dp≠v.

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(5) am[y-aß - ƒ D≠m-bI - mew apXte Gsd {]m[m-\ytØmsS dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏-´n-cp-∂ Hcp hnjbw Ip‰-IrXy-߃ Xs∂-bmWv. sIme-]m-XIw, A{Iaw, kwL ¿jw XpS-ßnbh s]mXp-ka - q-lØ - n\v Adn-bm≥ Gsd XmXv]c - y-ap≈ Imcy-ßfmWv. t]meo-kns‚ `mK-Øp-\n∂p≈ hnh-cß - ƒ am{Xta dnt∏m¿´v sNøm≥ ]mSp-≈qsh∂p h∂m¬ AXp shdp-samcp t]meokv ]{X-°p-dn∏ns‚ {]tbm-P\ - ta sNøq. am[y-a{- ]-h¿Ø-I¿°p Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃ kw_-‘n® hnh-c-ß-fpsS aqe-t{km-X v F°m-eØpw t]meokv Xs∂-bmWv. Znh-tk-\-sb-t∂mWw t]meo-kp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂h - c - mWp dnt∏m¿´¿am¿. Nne {][m\ÿeß-fn¬ Cu _o‰v {]tXy-Ia - mbn Hcmsf Npa-Xe - s - ∏-SpØn-bn-cn°pw. Nne-t∏m-sg-¶nepw {][m\tIkp-I-fn{]tXyINpa-Xebpw Gev]n-°m-dp-≠v. tImSXn hm¿Ø-Iƒ°mbn t\ctØ ]qfnMv k{ºZm-ba - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw C∂n-t∏mƒ H´p-an° am[ya-߃°pw Ah-cp-tS-Xmb teJ-Ic - p≠v. ]ecpw \nb-a] - cn-⁄m-\w- IqSn e`n-®h - c - m-bn-cn°pw. A`n-`m-jI - ¿ Xs∂ Cu tPmen- Gs‰-SpØp sNøp-∂p-ap≠v. CXp-aqew IqSpX¬ IrXy-Xt- bmsS tImSXn dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°m≥ km[n°pw. F∂m¬ {Inan-\¬ Ip‰IrXy-ßf - psS At\zj-W-L-´-Øn¬ CØcw IrXy-X-bv°p≈ km[yX Xptemw Ipd-hmWv. t]meokv tÃj-\nse tcJ-If - n¬ \nt∂m Bip]{Xn tcJ-If - n¬ \nt∂m e`n-°p∂ hnh-cß - ƒ Hcp Ip‰Ir-XysØ kw_-‘nt®m AXn¬ Dƒs∏-´h - s - c-∏‰ - ntbm D≈ {]mY-anIhnh-c-߃ am{X-ambncn°pw. AXnt]mepw B[n-Im-cn-IX Nne-t∏mƒ Ipd-hmImw. {]mtZinIteJ-I-cpsS klm-b-tØmsS Ip‰-IrXyw \S∂ ÿe- ß - f n¬ \n∂p e`y- a m- I p∂ hnh- c - ß ƒ IqSn tN¿ØmWv am[y- a - ß ƒ IqSp- X ¬ IrXy- X - b m¿∂ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°p-∂Xv. C∂n-t∏mƒ an° Nm\-ep-Iƒ°pw \n›nX kabw Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ {]tXyI]cn-]m-Sn-bp≠v. {][m\ hm¿Ø-If - n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ hm¿Ø-If - psS hniZmw-i-ßtfm A{X {]m[m-\y-an-√mØ dnt∏m¿´p-Itfm Hs°-bmhpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-ØpI. ss{]w ssSw Xs∂ CXn\p In´p-∂Xv t{]£-Ic - psS XmXv]cyw tZymXn-∏n°p∂p.

Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fpsS dnt∏m¿´nßn-t\m-Sp≈ am[ya kao-]\w F¥m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hy‡am-sbmcp am\-ZWvUw ]d-bm-\m-hn√. hnI-knX cmPy-

ß-fn¬t∏mepw Gsd am¿°-‰p≈ am[y-ah - m¿Ø Ip‰Ir-Xy-ßf - mWv. At\z-jW GP≥kn-It- f-°mƒ ^e-{]Zambpw Imcy-£X - t- bm-sSbpw Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßf - psS dnt∏m¿´v Xbm-dm-°p∂ am[y-aß - f - p≠v. Ch¿°p Nne-t∏mƒ {]^j-W¬ klm-bhpw e`y-am-Ip∂p.

At\z-j-W-KXn Xncn-®p-hn-Sm≥ t]mepw Nne dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw AXnse Is≠-Øe - p-Ifpw klm-bI - a - mIm-dp≠v. At\z-jtWmtZym-Kÿ - ¿ am[y-ad - n-t∏m¿´p-Isf B{i-bn-°m-dn-s√∂p ]pdta ]d-bp-sa-¶nepw AXh¿°p henb hgn-Im-´n-bmbn amdp∂ Ah-kc - ß - f - p-ap≠v. ChnsS-bmWp sX‰n-≤m-cW ]c-ØmØ dnt∏m¿´p-If - p-sSbpw icn-bmb At\z-jW - Ø - n-eq-sSbpw hnhctiJ-cW - Ø - neq-sSbpw kºm-Zn-°p∂ dnt∏m¿´p-If - p-sSbpw {]k‡n.

Nne ss{Iw hmcn-I-Iƒ tIk-t\z-j-WsØ kzm[o\n°m\pw hgn-Xn-cn-®p-hn-Sm\pw {ian°p∂Xmbn ]cmXn Dbcmdp≠v.

U¬ln-bnse \n¿`b tIkv, kuay h[-t°kv, G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ s]cp-ºm-hq-cnse Pnj h[w Chsbms° am[y-aß - f - psS CS-s]-Se - n-eqsS Gsd {i≤ ]nSn®p-]‰ - nb tIkp-If - mWv. \n¿`b tIkn\p cmPy-sam-´msI am{X-a√, A¥m-cm-jv{S-X-e-Øn¬t∏mepw henb {i≤ t\Sm-\m-bXp am[y-aß - f - psS {ia-^e - a - m-bmWv. cmPyØp kv{XoIƒ°pw Ip´n-Iƒ°pw t\tc \S-°p∂ AXn-{I-a߃ sNdp-°p-∂X - n¬ am[y-aß - ƒ henb ]¶mWp hln°p-∂Xv. Hcp Ip‰-Ir-XysØ kmaq-ln-Im-ht- _m-[t- ØmsS ssIImcyw sNøpIsb∂-XmWv DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-]q¿Wamb am[ya[¿Ωw. hmb-\° - m-sctbm t{]£-Is - ctbm sX‰n-≤-cn∏n°mt\m Ip‰-hm-fn-Isf Is≠-Øm-\p≈ At\z-j-tWm-tZym-K-ÿ-cpsS {ia-߃°p hnLm-X-ap≠m-°mt\m {ian-°c - pXv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ t]meo-kns‚bpw A[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sSbpw `mK-Øp-\n∂p am[y-a-{]h¿Ø-I¿°pw kl-Ic - Ww e`n-°Ww. bYm¿Y hnh- c - ß ƒ At\z- j - W sØ _m[n°mØ hn[-Øn¬ s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn\p e`y-am-°p-∂Xn¬ F¥p sX‰m-Wp-≈Xv? P\-{i-≤-bm¿jn® Hcp tIkns‚ At\z-jW - Ø - n¬ Bflm¿Y-amb ]ptcm-KXn Ds≠∂p P\w a\-kn-em-t°-≠X - nt√? Zpcq-lX - - \nd™ At\z- j - W w sX‰n- ≤ m- c - W - I ƒ°pw Bi- b - ° p- g - ∏ ߃°pw CS-hc - pØpw. am[y-aß - f - m-Is´, hgn-sX-‰n-°p∂Xpw At\z-jW - sØ {]Xn-tem-aI - c - a - mbn kzm[o-\n-°p∂-Xp-amb hnh-cW - ß - f - n-te°p IS-°p-Ib - p-ac - pXv.

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan `c-W-k-anXn AwK-߃ sNb¿am≥: sk¿Pn B‚Wn (Zo-]n-I), sshkv sNb¿am≥: sI.-kn. cmP-tKm-]m¬ (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a) AwK-߃: hn. hna¬ Ipam¿ (am-Xr-`q-an), ]n.-kn. sk_m-Ãy≥ (am-[y-aw), Fw. cLp-\mYv (tZ-im-`n-am-\n), Fkv. _nPp (G-jym-s\‰v \yqkv), F≥.-]n. Pnjm¿ (ao-Unb h¨), ]n.-hn. N{μ≥ (am-Xr-`q-an), Zo]p chn (tI-cf Iuap-Zn), ^m. t_m_n AeIvkv aÆw-πm-°¬ (Zo-]n-I), km_p h¿Kokv (aw-K-fw), hn.-hn. Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn (tZ-im-`n-am-\n), a[p B¿. _me-Ir-jvW≥ (tI-c-f-i-_vZw), Pb¥v amΩ≥ amXyp (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a), sI. am[-h≥ (G-jym-s\‰v \yqkv), t__n amXyp (Po-h≥ Snhn), sNdp-Ic kÆn eqt°mkv (tI-c-f-i-_vZw), tPmkv ]\-®n-∏pdw (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a), tPm¿÷v s]mSn-∏md (am-Xr-`q-an), te_n kPo-{μ≥ (am-Xr-`qan \yqkv), _nhn≥ ]o‰¿ (P-bvlnμv Snhn), chn Un.-kn. (Un.-kn. _pIvkv), Zo]Iv [¿ΩSw (A-arX Snhn), {iotZhn ]n≈ (a-t\m-ca \yqkv), sk{I-´dn (^n-\m≥kv), sk{I-´dn (C≥^¿ta-j≥ & ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv), Ub-d-IvS¿ (C≥^¿ta-j≥ & ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv), saº¿ sk{I-´dn: F.-A_vZp¬ l°nw. sabv 2016

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C.-]n. jmPp-±o≥

am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿

Ip‰m-t\z-j-I-cm-Ip-tºmƒ ss{Iw

temI-sa-ºmSpw am[y-a-߃°v CjvS-hn-j-b-am-Wv. P\-߃ hmbn°pw F∂Xp Xs∂ apJy-Im-c-Ww. Ip‰-Ir-Xy-Øns‚ ImTn\yw IqSp-tºmƒ hm¿Ø-bpsS {]m[m-\yhpw IqSp-∂p; hmb-\-°m-cpsS XmXv]-cyhpw. hmb-\-°m-cpsS XmXv]cyw F√m-bvt∏mgpw am[yaXmXv]cyw \n›-bn°p∂ LS-I-hp-am-Ip-∂p. ss{Iw hm¿Ø-Iƒ Gdnbpw Ipd™pw ]{X-ÿew A]-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v CXp Xs∂ Imc-Ww. CtX Imc-W-Øm¬ Zriy-am[y-a-ß-fn¬ hm¿Øm-k-a-bhpw ss{Iw A]-l-cn°p∂p.

sabv 2016

ss{Iw hm¿Ø-Iƒ hmb-\-°msc Znh-k-ßtfmfw ]nSn-®n-cp-Ønb At\Iw DZm-l-c-W-߃ Nq≠n-°m-´mw. Ct∏mgpw ]nSn-In-´m-∏p-≈n-bmb kpIpam-c-°p-dp∏v {]Xn-bmb Nmt°m h[-t°kv ae-bmfn hmb-\-°m-cpsS CjvShm¿Ø-bm-bXv 32 h¿jw ap≥]v 1984-˛-em-Wv. AXn\pw \mep -h¿jw ap≥]v, 1980-˛-embncp∂p Xncp-h√ ao¥-e-°-c-bnse Icn°n≥hn√ sIme-t°-kv. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ GXm\pw ]{X-߃ am{Xw D≠m-bn-cp-∂, ]{X-߃°p Ipd™ t]Pp-Iƒ am{Xw D≠m-bn-cp∂ A°m-eØpw Cu hm¿Ø-Iƒ°mbn [mcmfw ]{X-ÿew \o°n-h-bv°-

(7) s∏-´p. AXn\pw ]n∂n-te°p t]mbm¬ 1966-˛se adn-b°p´n h[-t°kv A°m-esØ ]{X-ß-fpsS CjvS-hnj-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. ^m. s_\-UnIvSv HmWw-Ipfw F∂ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ {]Xn-ÿm-\Ømbn F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Cu hm¿Øsb P\-{]n-b-am-°n-b-Xv. B[p-\nI hm¿Øm kam-l-c-W-˛-{]-km-[-\-˛-A-®Sn kmt¶-XnIhn-Zy-I-fpsS hf¿®-tbmsS, ]e-bn-S-Ømbn NnX-dn°n-S∂ ss{Iw hm¿Ø-Iƒ Hcp-an®v Hcp t]P-nÿew Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-te°p hf¿∂p. _nkn-\kpw kvt]m¿Svkpw Hs°-t∏mse Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßfpw kz¥-amsbm-cnSw t\Sp-∂p. Ah hmbn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ho£n°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. h¿j-Øn¬ GXm≠v 600 sIme-]m-X-I-߃ am{Xw \S-°p∂ Im\-U-bn¬ t]mepw ss{Iw hm¿ØIƒ kvt]m¿Svkv t]mse Xs∂ hmbn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hm¿Øm-hn-`-h-am-sW∂v It\-Un-b≥ dntkmgvkv sk‚¿ t^m¿ hnIvSnwkv Hm^v ss{Iw F∂ ÿm]\w \S-Ønb ]T-\-Øn¬ sXfn-™n-cp-∂p.

AhnsS A]q¿hX aqe-amWv CØcw hm¿Ø-Iƒ hmbn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¶n¬ \ΩpsS \m´nBh¿Ø\w aqe-amWv Ah hmb-\-{]n-b-am-Ip-∂-Xv.

Ip‰Ir-Xy-ß-fnse hyXy-kvX-X-bmWv Ahsb hm¿Ø-bpsS hnj-b-am-°p-∂-Xv. tIcfm t]meokns‚ XmXvIm-enI IW-°-\p-k-cn®p Ign™ h¿jw tIc-f-Øn¬ 318 sIme-]m-X-I-ß-fmWp \S∂Xv. F√m sIme-]m-X-I-ßfpw am[y-a-߃°p sk≥tk-j-W¬ hm¿Ø-I-fm-Ip-∂n-√. 2009-˛¬ tIc-fØn¬ 343 sIme-]m-X-I-߃ \S-∂-Xn¬ am[y-a-߃ Gsd {i≤ \¬In-bXv apØq‰v t]mƒ tPm¿Pv h[t°-kn-\m-bn-cp-∂p. sIm√-s∏-´Xv Hcp {]ikvXIpSpw_-Ønse AwK-am-sW-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w, sIme-]m-X-IØnse \mS-Io-bX B hm¿Ø am[y-a-ß-fn\nd™p \n¬°m\n-S-bm-°n. [\m-Vy-\mb `mkvI-cIm-c-W-h¿ 2010-˛¬ amth-en-°-cbnse kz¥w ho´n-\p-

t]mƒ tPm¿Pv ≈n¬ sIm√-s∏-´-t∏mƒ hnjbw am[y-a-߃°p {]nb-X-c-am-bXv apJy{]Xn kpμ-cn-bmb acp-a-IfmsW∂Xp sIm≠p IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ccbpw {]Xnbpw ss{Ians‚ kml-N-cyhpw AXns‚ coXnbpw ImTn\yhpw kml-N-cy-hp-sa-√m-amWv AXns\ hm¿Øm{]m[m\yw t\Sp-∂-Xm-°p-∂-Xv. hm¿Øm{]m[m\yw F∂ H‰-°m-cWw sIm≠v am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿ ss{Iw F∂ hnj-bsØ Fßs\ t\cn-SWsa∂Xp kp{]-[m-\tNmZyamWv. t]mƒ tPm¿Pv h[-t°kv FSp-Øm¬, B tIkns‚ kml-Ncyw GsXm-cm-fp-sSbpw Pn⁄m-kbpW¿Øm≥ t]m∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

BUw-_-c-hm-l-\-Øn¬ kplr-Øp-°-tfmsSm∏w k©-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂, ap≥\nc _nkn\kv ÿm]-\-Øns‚ CfwXe-ap-d-bn¬s∏´bmsf ]n∂mse h∂ hml-\-Ønse Nne¿ tN¿∂v A¿[-cm-{Xn-bn¬ \Sp-tdmUn¬ IpØns°m-∂Xv GXp am\-Z-fi-a-\p-k-cn-®m-sW¶nepw kp{]-[m\hm¿Ø-bm-Wv. tIkns‚ At\z-jW]ptcm-K-Xn-s°m∏w am[y-a-ß-fpsS At\z-j-Whpw \S∂t∏mƒ, tIkmsI hnhm-ZØn¬ Iem-in-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Hmtcm Znh-khpw Cu tIkv kw_-‘n®v am[ya-߃ IY- sa-\-™p; t]meokv tIkp-I-fn¬s∏´ c≠p-t]¿ t]mƒ tPm¿Pn-s\m∏w hml-\-Øn-ep-≠m-bncp∂p F∂-Xn-\m¬ {]tXy-In-®pw. Ch-cp-ambn _‘ap≈ a{¥n]p{X-∑m¿°p tIkn¬ ]¶p-s≠-∂-Xm-bncp∂p Btcm-]-W-ß-fn¬ H∂v. hml-\-Øn¬ Hcp \Snbp-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂Xp as‰mcmtcm-]-W-hpw.

CsX√mw X≈n-°-f-™p-sIm≠v {]Xn-Isf t]meokv lmP-cm-°n-b-t∏mƒ AXp hnizm-ky-tbm-Ky-a-s√∂p ÿm]n-°m\pw ]e am[y-a-ßfpw ap∂n¬ \n∂p. t]mfns\ h[n-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv Cw•o-jnse "Fkv' BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ Hcp IØn-bm-sW∂ t]meokns‚ hnh-c-W-am-Is´, Iptd \mf-tØ°v Fkv sabv 2016

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PnjIØn F∂ {]tbmKw ]{X-߃°p kΩm-\n-°m-\pan-S-bm-°n.

Cu tIkp-ambn _‘-s∏´p am[y-a-߃ \SØn-bXp t]msemcp At\z-jWw ASp-Ø-Im-esØßpw tIc-f-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-´n-s√∂p ]d-bmw.

Zpcq-l-X-I-fp≈ F√m Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃°p ]n∂nepw am[y-a-߃ `qX-°Æm-Sn-bp-ambn D-≠mIpw. ]t£, AXns‚ AXn¿Øn-h-cºv FhnsS hsc, As√-¶nAXn¿Øn hcp-ºpt≠m F∂-XmWp {]k-‡-amb tNmZyw. 2016 sabv amk-Øn¬ tIc-f-sØ ]nSn®p Ipep°nb kw`-h-amWv s]cp-º-mhq-cnse \nbahnZym¿Yn\n-bmb Pnj-bpsS sIme]m-X-Iw. G{]n¬ 28-˛-\m-Wv

sabv 2016

Pnj h[n-°-s∏-´-sX-¶nepw AXp hm¿Ø-bmbn IØn-∏-S¿∂Xv sXm´-Sp-Ø -am-kambn-cp-∂p. tIcfw I≠n-´p-≈-Xn¬ h®v G‰hpw \njvTpc-amb sIme-]mX-I-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp∂p AXv. 28-˛\v Gsd sshInbmWp sIme-]m-XIw ]pd-Ø-dn-™Xv F∂-Xn-\m29-˛se ]{X-ß-fn¬ AXp henb hm¿Ø-bm-bn-√. H‰s∏´p Pohn-°p∂ IpSpw-_-am-b-Xn-\m¬ t]mÃvtam¿´w ]cn-tim-[-\bpw kwkvIm-chpw \S∂ 29-˛\pw AXp hm¿Øm-{]m-[m\yw t\Sn-bn-√. sabv H∂nse Ah[nbpw Ign™v c≠mw XobXn am[y-a-߃ kPo-h-amb-tXm-sS-bmWv B hm¿Ø tIcfkaq-l-Øns‚ H∂S-¶-ap≈ {i≤-bn-te-s°-Øn-bXv. t]mƒ tPm¿Pv h[-t°-kn¬ t]meo-kn-s\A-hn-iz-kn-°p∂ dnt∏m¿´nMv coXn-bmWp am[y-a߃ Ah-ew-_n-®-sX-¶n¬ Pnj h[-t°-kn¬ Gsd°psd t]meokv ]d™ Imcy-ß-sfm-s°-Ø-s∂bmWp hm¿Ø-bm-b-Xv. Cu Ipdn-s∏-gp-Xp∂ kabØpw {]Xnsb ]nSn-°m-\m-Im-Ø-Xn\p t]meokns\ hna¿in-°p∂ dnt∏m¿´p-I-fp-≠m-Ip-∂p-s≠¶nepw At\z-jWw kw_-‘n® hm¿Ø-Iƒ°p IqSpXepw Ah-ew-_-am-Ip-∂Xv AhcpsS hnh-cWw Xs∂-bm-Wv. HutZym-Kn-I-ambn ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw t]meokv ta[m-hn-Iƒ kzIm-cy-ambn \¬Ip∂ hnh-cßfpw teJ-I-∑m-cpsS At\z-j-W-Øn¬ I≠Xv F∂ t]cn¬ ]{X-ß-fn-¬ CSw ]nSn-°p-∂p.

F¥mWp am[y-a-߃°pw hmb-\-°m¿°pw th≠Xv? t]meokv ]d-bp-∂tXm AtXm kzbw At\z-j-W-Øn¬ sXfn-bp-∂tXm?

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hkvXp-X-I-fmWp ]{X-߃°pw hmb-\-°m¿°pw th≠-Xv. t]meokv ]dbp-∂-sX√mw hkvXp-X-I-f-s√-∂Xp ]It]mse kXyw. aI≥ _mKv \ndsb ]Whp-ambn ho´n-se-Øn-bXv Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp tamjWw \S-Ønb tij-am-sW∂p Xncn®-dn-™-t∏mƒ A[ym-]n-I-bmb AΩ Ahs\ t]meo-kn\p ap∂n¬ lmP-cm°nb kw`hw Bcpw ad-∂n-´p-≠m-hn-√.

F∂m¬, Ahs\ Xß-fpsS imkv{Xo-bamb At\z-j-W-Øn-eqsS I≠p]nSn-®-XmsW∂p ]{X-k-tΩ-f\w \SØn hoºn-f°m≥ aSn-°m-Ø-h-c√ tIcf t]meo-kv. t]meokv ]d-bp-∂-X√ kXyw F∂p hy‡-am°n B AΩ cwKØp h∂n-√mbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Hcp]t£, kXyw Bcpw a\- n-em-°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Hcp-Zm-l-cWw am{Xw aXn t]meokv ]d-bp-∂Xv F√mw hkvXp-X-b-s√∂p t_m[y-am-Im≥.

P\-߃°p kXy-a-dn-bm≥ hm¿Ømam[y-a-߃ am{Xta Ct∏m-gp-≈q. kmaq-ly-am-[y-a-ß-fn-eqsS hm¿Ø {]N-cn-°p-sa-¶nepw AXn¬ Gsdbpw ]XncmWv. P\-{]n-b-amb CØcw hnj-b-ß-fn¬ hnh-c߃°p t]meo-kns\ B{i-bn-°msX am[y-a-{]h¿Ø-I¿°p Xc-an-√. F∂m¬, Cu hm¿Øm-t{kmXkv ]q¿W-ambpw hniz-k-\o-b-hp-a-√. am[y-a-{]h¿Ø-I¿°p h∂p`hn-°p∂ henb hnj-a-hrØw CXm-Wv. kml-Ncyw CXm-b-Xn-\m¬ kz¥w At\z-jWw F∂-XmIpw ]{X-te-J-I¿°p ap∂n-ep≈ GIt]mwhgn. AXn\pw B{ibw A\u-tZym-Kn-Iambn hnh-c-߃ Xcp∂ t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿtcm Ip‰-IrXyw \S∂ ÿesØ Xma-k-°mtcm Hs°-bmWv. CsXm∂pw hkvXp-Xm-]-c-amb dnt∏m¿´n-te°p \bn-°p∂ LS-I-ß-f-√. ^etam, anI-hn-√mØ hm¿Ø-I-fpsS krjvSn-bpw. hnizm-ky-X-bn-√m-ØXmWp ss{Iw At\z-jWdnt∏m¿´p-I-sf∂ s]mXp[m-c-W-bn-te°v Cu Ahÿmhntijw sIms≠-Øn°p-∂p. hkvXpX Is≠-Ø-e-√, "s]m´n-°p∂ hm¿Ø'bp≠m-°-emWp Xs‚ I¿Øhyw F∂p hniz-kn-°p∂ Ipd®p dnt∏m¿´¿am-sc-¶n-ep-ap-≈-Xn\m¬ CsXms° ]{X-Øm-fn-se-Øntb hn{i-an-°q.

Xs‚ dnt∏m¿´¿amsc Ahn-iz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°Ww F∂p Icp-Xp∂ kpa-\- p-I-fmb ]{Xm-[n-]-∑m¿ AsXms° {]kn-≤o-I-c-n-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂p.

Pnj h[-t°kn\v khn-ti-j-amb kml-Ncyw IqSnbp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp∏p {]NmcWkabw IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. CXn-t\m-S-\p_-‘n® ]e XmXv]-cy-ßfpw Cu sIme-]m-X-Ihm¿Ø-bpsS dnt∏m¿´n-ßn¬ IS∂pIqSn-sb∂p \ap°p Is≠-Øm-\mIpw. am[y-a-߃°p th≠nbp≈ kzX-{¥-amb Ip‰m-t\z-jWw C¥y-bn¬

C\nbpw thcp-d-∏n-®n-´n-√. Gsd ]W-s®-e-hp≈ Imcyam-W-Xv. Ata-cn-°-bnepw Cw•-≠n-ep-sams° CXnkvs]j-ssekv sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ÿm]-\-ß-fp-≠v.

Ht´sd tcJ-Iƒ Cg-Io-dn- ]-cn-tim-[n®pw At\Iw t]tcmSp kwkm-cn®p hnh-c-߃ tiJ-cn®psams°bmWv At\z-j-Ww. Gsd \mfsØ At\z-jWw thWw, H∂n-e-[nIw t]sc˛ Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp kwLsØØs∂˛ At\z-j-W-Øn-t\¿s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. DZm-c-a-Xn-I-fmb kº-∂-∑mcpw h≥InSIº-\nIfpw \¬Ip∂ ]W-amWv CØcw ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS kmº-ØnImSn-Ø-d. s]mXp-P-t\m-]-Im-c-{]-Z-amb Imcy-߃°p hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m-s\∂ t]cn¬ CØcw ÿm]-\-߃°p [mcmfw ^≠v e`n-°p-∂p-≠v.

Cßs\ \S-Øp∂ At\z-j-W-ß-fpsS dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ hnhn[ am[y-a-߃ ]Ww \¬In hmßn {]kn-≤o-Icn-°pw. Nne-t∏mƒ am[y-a-߃ Xs∂ Chsc tIkpI-fpsS At\z-j-W-Øn\p \ntbm-Kn-°pw.

Ip‰m-t\z-j-W-Øn¬ imkv{Xob]cn-io-e\w e`n®-h-cmIpw At\z-jWw \S-Øp∂ ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I¿. kzb-c-£-bv°p≈ D]m-[n-Ifpw Ah¿ ]cn-io-en-®n-´p≠m-Ipw. am{X-a-√, an° hnj-b-ßfpw kw_-‘n® ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ]°¬ e`y-ambn-cn-°pw. Cßs\ Dd® ASn-Ø-d-tbmsS \S-Øp∂ At\z-j-W-ß-fpsS dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw sshIp-t∂cw t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿs\ t^mWn¬ hnfn®p In´p∂ hnh-c-߃ bp‡w t]mse tN¿sØ-gp-Xp∂ dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw XΩn¬ AP-K-Pm-¥-c-ap-≠m-Ipw. ]cn-anXn-°p-≈n¬ \n∂v Xbm-dm-°p∂ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ hnS-hn√m-Ø-hn[w ZrV-am-°pI F∂Xp ae-bm-f-Ønse ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ t\cn-Sp∂ I\Ø sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

awKfw Zn\-]-{X-Øns‚ No^v \yqkv FUn-‰-dmWv teJ-I≥.

C˛-sabn¬: epshajudeen@gmail.com sabv 2016

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tUm. _m_p sNdn-bm≥

]{X-`m-jbpw ae-bm-f-`m-jm-]Zk©-bhpw tI

c-f-Øns‚ kmaq-lnI]cn-h¿Ø-\Øn\p ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn® Hcp {]apJLS-IamWv A®Sn F∂ kmt¶-XnIhnZy. temIsØ-hn-sSbpw `mj-bpsS hnIm-k-Øn\pw am\Io-I-c-W-Øn\pw (Standardisation) \nan-Ø-ambn-Øo¿∂ Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy AXns‚ c≠p {]apJam¿K-ß-fmb ]{X-am-kn-Im-{]h¿Ø\w, ]pkvX-I-{]-km-[\w F∂n-hbn-eq-sS-bmWp kaq-l-Øn¬ h≥tXm-Xnep≈ hn⁄m-\-hn-kvt^m-S-\hpw Bibkwhm-Zhpw krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. tIc-fsØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw B[p\nI A®-Sn-bpsS {]Nm-c-Øns\m∏w hf-cp-Ibpw hnI-kn-°p-Ibpw s]mXpth AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ cq]ØnemIp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p, B[p\nIae-bm-f-KZyw F∂p ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. `mjbpsS am\-Io-I-c-WØn]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]{X-am-kn-I-Ifpw hnZym`ym-khpw hln-°p∂ ]¶v AwKo-I-cn-°s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn¬ am{X-a-√, `mj-bpsS hf¿®-bnepw ]{X-߃

sabv 2016

hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ ]¶p hln-°p-∂p-≠v. hm¿Ø-I-fp-sSbpw a‰pw cq]-Øn¬ hcp∂ hn`n-∂-ßfpw hnhn-[-ß-fp-amb Bib-߃ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°pI ]{X-ß-fpsS [¿Ω-am-Wv. CØ-cØn¬ GXv Bi-b-sØbpw Dƒs°m-≈p-hm\pw Bhn-jvI-cn°p-hm-\p-ap≈ kma¿∞yw ]{X-`mj {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ AXp `mj-bpsS ka¿∞-amb {]tbm-K-am-Ip-Ibpw `mj hfcp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

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`mj hf-cpI F∂m¬ `mj-bpsS ]Z-k-ºØp hf-cpI F∂mWv A¿∞w. `mj-bpsS FgpØp ssien-I-fntem Bhn-jvIm-c-co-Xn-I-fntem hcp∂ am‰w `mjsb IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ ssien-ip-≤-am-°p∂-tX-bp-≈q. hymI-c-W-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ ASnÿm-\-am‰-߃ `mj-bv°p-≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. ]Z-k-©bw hf-cp-I, IqSp-X¬ ]Z-ßfpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw k©-bn°p-I F∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWp `mj hnI-kn-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv. \qX\mi-b-ßfpw hkvXpX-Ifpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-t°≠n hcp-tºmƒ `mj-bn¬ ]pXnb ]Z-߃ Bh-iy-ambn hcp-∂p. I≠p-]n-SnØ-߃, bp≤w, henb kmaq-ln-Iam-‰-߃ F∂nh D≠m-Ip-tºm-gmWp Ah Bhn-jvIcn-t°≠n hcn-I. Iºyq-´¿ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpsS Is≠-Ø`mj-bn¬ F{X-sb{X ]Z-߃ krjvSn-®p-sh∂v Btem-Nn-°p-I. CØ-c-Øn¬ ]pØ≥ Bi-b-߃ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-Ibpw hkvXp-X-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°pIbpw sNtø≠ AXym-hiyw BZyw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp∂-Xp h¿Ø-am-\-]-{X-߃°m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p `mjbn¬ ]pXnb ]Z-ßsf [mcm-f-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØm\pw Ahsb {]tbm-Kn-®p-d-∏n-°p-hm\pw h¿Ø-am\-]-{X-߃°p Ign-bp-∂p. CØ-c-Øn¬ ]{X-am-kn-IIƒ ]Z-k-©-b-hn-I-k-\-Øn-eqsS `mjm-t]m-jWw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xns‚ F{X thW-sa-¶nepw DZm-l-cW-߃ ae-bm-f-]-{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ XpS°w apX¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. "cmPy-k-am-Nmcw' (ae-bm-f-Ønse BZy-]{Xw)˛ BZy-e°w

BZy-]-{X-߃ h¿Ø-am-\-]-{X-߃, Zn\-]-{X-߃ XpS-ßn-b-hsb-°p-dn-®v Ct∏mƒ \ap-°p≈ [mc-W-Iƒ h®v aebm-f-]-{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw Dd-∏n-°m≥ {ian°p-∂Xv C∂sØ apJy-[mcm ae-bmf]{X-ß-tfmSp IqSn-bmWp tIc-f-Ønse ]{X-{]-h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n-®sX∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp- t]m-setbm Hcmƒ P\n-®t∏mƒØs∂ alm\pw Adp-]-Xp-h-b- p-≈-h\pw Fgp-]Xp Intem `mc-ap-≈-h\pw BdSn \of-ap-≈h\pw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp- t]m-setbm hnUvVn-Ø-am-bn-cn-°pw. ae-bmf]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-N-cn{Xw Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv BZym-¶p-c-ß-fmb "ae-bmf ]©mwKw' (1846), "cmPyk-am-Nmcw' (1847), ]›ntamZbw (1847) XpSßn I√®n¬ A®-Sn-®p {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb amkn-Im-]-{X-ßtfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv (]n-∂oSv ]{X-߃ hmcn-Im-]-{Xßfpw ssZzhm-cn-Im]-{X-ßfpw Zn\-]-{X-ß-fp-am-bn). "\o°n-h-bv°m-hp∂ BWn-b-®p-Iƒ' apJy-k-hn-ti-jX-bm-bp≈ "B[p-\nI A®-Sn-hnZy'bpsS D¬]-∂-amb "⁄m\-\n-t£]'hpw (1848) A°q-sS-bp-≠v. Cu ]{Xß-fpsS D≈-S-°-sØbpw `mj-sbbpw kq£va-ambn A]-{K-Yn-®m¬Øs∂ `mjm-hn-Im-khpw ]{X-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ ZrV-_-‘w a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°pw. aptº kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se, hm¿Øm-\n-th-Z-\-

Øn¬ ]pXnb ]Z-߃ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ th≠n-h-cp∂Xp imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-I-fn¬ I≠p-]n-SnØ߃ D≠m-Ip-tºmgpw bp≤w -t]m-ep≈ kmaqlnI{]Xn-`m-k-߃ D≠m-Ip-tºm-gp-am-Wv. "ae-bmf ]©mwKw' XpS-ßn-bp≈ Xe-t»-cn-∏-{X-ß-fpsS Imeamb 19-˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ ]q¿Δm¿≤w Cu c≠p-Im-cy߃°pw Zu¿e-`y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

19˛mw \q‰m-≠ns\ hfsc Zqcw aptºm´p sIm≠pt]mb "Ccp-ºp-]m-X-Ifp'sSbpw "Bhn-h≠n'bpsSbpw kmt¶-XnIhnZy- aqew ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-≠mb Nne hm°p-Iƒ t\m°pI: ]dØn (rail), ]pI-h≠n∏mX, Ccp-ºp-]mX (rail way), Xo ap´p-t∂m≥ (fir man), b{¥-\m-b-I≥ (driver), {]tXyI h≠n (special train). Xe-t»cn∏{X-ßfpw ]n∂mse h∂ "⁄m\-\nt£]'hpw D]-tbm-Kn® hm°p-I-fn¬ GsX√mw ]Z߃ `mj kzoI-cn-®p, \ncm-I-cn®p F∂p-≈Xv Ct∏mƒ {]k-‡-a-√.

B[p-\n-I-im-kv{Xw, kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy, `qan-imkv{Xw, tPymXn-im-kv{Xw, Ncn{Xw XpSßn hnhn[ hn⁄m-\-hn-j-b-߃ {]Xn-]m-Zn-t°≠n h∂-t∏mƒ ]cn-`m-j-bn-eq-sStbm (translation) en]y-¥-c-W-Øn-eqsStbm (transliteration) ]pXnb hm°p-Iƒ Is≠ØpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p ]{X-߃ kzoI-cn® hgn. sabv 2016

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`qan-imkv{Xw A\y-tZiÿe-\m-a-ßsf ae-bmfn-Iƒ°p ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv en]y-¥-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbm-Wv. sI¥¿∏pcn (Canterbury), th’v (Wales), s\m¿∞pw{_nb (Northumbria), sa¿knb (Mercia), sI¥v (Kent), kps Ivkv (Sussex), CX-ey, _nemØn, Xp¿°, F¢-¥v, {^m©n, Ise-kv, AX-e-¥nI kap-{Zw, Aky, bpscm] XpS-ßn-bh DZm-l-c-W-߃. `qa-[y-tc-J, A£mw-iw, tcJmw-iw, tKmfm¿≤w, Atlm-cm-{Xw, ka-hr-Øm-Imcw Cßs\ [mcmfw \ho\]Z-߃ (]pXnb A¿∞-Øn-ep≈ {]tbm-Khpw) Bh-iy-ambn h∂p. hnhn[ hn⁄m-\-hn-j-b-ßfn-embn BImiw (space, air), Pe-hmbp (hydrogen), AWp, ikv{X-ssh-Zy≥ (surgeon), b{¥-∏-Wn-ime (factory), Dem-hp-Imhv (D-Zym-\w˛ park), ]S-hoSv (barrack), hm\-ao-\p-Iƒ (tPym-Xn- p-Iƒ), ZrjvSn hnZy, Ipg¬ (ss_-t\m-°p-e¿, Zqc-Z¿in-\n), Ne-\{Iaw, _eq¨ F∂n-ßs\ \qdp-I-W-°n\p ]pXnb ]Z-߃ ]{X-Øm-fp-I-fn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-®p. Ch ]{Xß-fn¬\n∂p ]n∂oSp ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn-te°pw a‰p ]pkvX-I-ß-fn-te°pw kw{I-an-®p.

⁄m\-\n-t£-]hpw hnZym-kw-{K-lhpw "⁄m\-\n-t£]w' (1848) {]kn-≤o-I-cn®p XpSßnb ImeØv bqtdm-∏n¬ I≠p-]n-SnØ-ß-fpsS Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXnb imkv{X-X-Øz-ß-fp-sSbpw, b{¥-ß-fp-sSbpw ]Zm¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw `qhn-`m-K-ß-fpsSbpw˛ Cßs\ imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-Xn-I-⁄m-\w, `qanimkv{Xw XpS-ßnb hn⁄m-\-im-J-bnepw ]pØ≥ A\p-`-h-ßfpw hkvXp-°fpw hkvXp-X-Ifpw ssZ\w-Zn\-sa-t∂mWw h∂p tN¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Imew. bqtdm-∏n¬ Hmtcm Znh-khpw GsX-¶nepw Xc-Ønep≈ Hcp I≠p-]n-SnØw D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp∂p F∂p ]d-™m¬ AXn¬ sX√pw AXn-i-tbm-‡nbn√. CXn-s\-°p-dn-s®√mw "⁄m\-\n-t£]'Øn\v Gdntbm Ipdt™m dnt∏m¿´v sNtø≠n h∂n-cp-∂p.

F{X-sb-{X ]pXnb ]Z-ß-fmWv Cu ]pXp-a-Iƒ `mjbn¬ Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv! sNdpXpw hep-Xpamb H´p-an° imkv{XobI≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ß-sfbpw AhsIm≠p≠m-Ip∂ {]tbm-P-\-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v "⁄m\-\n-t£]w' bYm-k-abw dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXncp∂p.

1850 ao\w e°-Øn¬ "I≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-߃' F∂ Xe-s°-´n¬ "s¢msc-s^mcw', "Is√Æ' Ch Is≠Øn-b-Xns\ Ipdn®p ]d-bp-∂p. 1857 Pqsse e°Øn¬ t¢mdt^mw tIc-f-Øn-se-Øn-b-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂p: "t¢msdms]mw' F∂ Hcp hntij Bhn acp∂p \me-©p-h¿jw apsº Is≠-Ø-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. sIm®n cmPysØ "tcmK-∏pc'bn¬ Hcp ]m≠n-∏n-≈bpsS XpS-bnse apg Hm∏-td‰v sNøm≥ t¢mdt^mw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXph-t{X. hkq-cn-s°-∂-t]mse \S-∏p-Zo-\-Øn\pw Hcp

sabv 2016

_wKmƒ tUmIvS¿ "tKmh-kqcn' (hm-Ivkn-t\-j≥) Is≠-Ønb hm¿Ø CtX e°-Øn¬Øs∂ D≠v.

"Ccp-ºp-]mZ', "h¿Ø-am-\-kq-{X-°ºn' XpSßn [mcmfw teJ-\-߃ "⁄m\-\n-t£-]-'Øn¬ {]kn≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. s¢msdm-s]mw, sImƒ, Im¥-kq-£-s∏-´n, \S-∏pZo-\w, A√p-an-\w, Ccp-ºp-]m-Z, h¿Ø-am-\-kq-{X-°ºn F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ ]pØ≥ ]Z-߃ "⁄m\-\nt£]'Øn¬ Akw-Jy-am-Wv. ssd≥Kp≥, C¶vfojv Ipºn-\n-bm¿, tKmh¿sa‚, sKmh¿sa-¥v, C©n-\o¿, dpjy, {]m≥k, ]mdn-k, s_mºm, ]m¿iy-°m¿, ]m¿fn-b-sa‚, sKu¿W¿am¿ F∂n-ßs\ [mcmfw ]Z-߃ thtd. "sImƒ' ]n∂oSv "a¨Icn' F∂p {]tbm-Kn-®p. ]t£, `mj-bv°nXp c≠pw kzoIm-cy-am-bn-√˛ "I¬°cn' F∂-XmWp kzoI-cn-®-Xv. "sX' F∂pw "Nm' F∂p-ap≈ {]tbm-K-ßfn¬, "sX' BWp ]n∂oSv "tea' Bb-Xv. "Nm' Nmb-bpw. "tIcfw' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ "ae-bmfw' F∂mWp {]tbm-Kw. hy‡n-\m-a-ß-fpsS en]y-¥-c-W-amWv Gsd ck-I-cw. dmw taml≥ tdmbn-bpsS t]cv ae-bmf-Øn-em-b-t∏mƒ "cmtam-h-\-cm-b≥' F∂m-bn.

"Hmkv{Xn®' "Hm´-∏£n'bpw ]n∂oSv "H´-I∏£n'bpw Bbn. BZy-sams° "C¶vfm¥v' Bbn-cp∂Xv ]n∂oSv "Cw•m¥pw' ]ns∂ "Cw•m≠pw' HSphn¬ Cw•≠pw Bbn. Xo°-∏¬ Iptd-°-gn-™-t∏mƒ Bhn-°-∏-em-bn.

Ign-™p-t]mb (a-cn-®), Ipg¬ IÆmSn (telescope), IpSn-Iƒ, ss]X-߃, Xpc¶w (J-\n-˛-Ccpºp Xpc-¶w, s]m∂pw Xpc-¶w, sh≈n Xpc-¶w), [mXp-{Z-hyw, Ipcm¿ h¿Ww (X-hn-´p-\n-dw), IpSn-bm∑m¿, `mj (B-Ir-Xn, LS-\), Itc‰n (I-b-‰n), aq∂n´ Hcp ]¶v (aq-∂n¬ H∂v), t_m[-£-bw, {]am-Wn-°p-I, I≠n-∏m≥, tOZn-∏m≥, klm-b-hne, AXn-am-\p-j≥, t_m[w hcp-ØpI (t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I), hnkvXmcw (trial), Xq°pI (Xq-°n-s°m-√p-I), \o¿t∏mf (\o¿°p-an-f), h¿Ø-am-\-kq-{Xw, Iºn Cßs\ F{Xsb{X ]Z-ß-fmWv "⁄m\-\n-t£]'Øn¬ {]tbmKn®pd-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv. imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-XnIteJ-\-߃°p ]pdta kmaq-ln-I-im-kv{Xw, Ncn{Xw XpS-ßnb hnj-b-ßfnepw [mcmfw teJ-\-߃ "hnZym-kw-{Kl'Øn(1864) {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-Ønse BZy imkv{Xkmln-Xy-Im-c≥ F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ tPm¿Pv amØs‚ imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy˛ kmaqlnIimkv{X-te-J-\-߃ an°-hbpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏-´Xv "hnZym-kw-{K-l-'Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hn⁄m-\im-J-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h∂ ]Z-߃ A\-h[nbm-Wv. "hnZym-kw-{Kl'Øn¬ h∂ Nne teJ-\-߃

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t\m°pI: "AXyp-Ø-c-{]-tZ-i-߃', "A¥-co£w', "BIm-i-Øp≈ tKmf߃', "Ccn-ºp-]m-Z-bp-sSbpw Bhn-h≠n-bp-sSbpw Bcw`w', "sImgp-ap-Xem◊' (Agriculture), "tPymXnimkv{Xw' (Astronomy), "`qan-bp-cp-≠mIp∂p F∂p-≈Xp' (The world’s Roundity) "acp-a-°-Øm-b-Øm-ep≈ sZmj߃', "ck-hm-Z-imkv{Xw' "hnZypØm-c-b-{¥-{]-amWw' (The Electric Telegraph), "km[m-cW NnIn-’mime'. Cu Hmtcm hnj-bhpw F{Xsb{X ]pXnb hm°p-Iƒ, F{X-sb{X hm°p-Iƒ \qX\ kmt¶-Xn-Im¿∞Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\v Fgp-ØpImsc t{]cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠m-Ip-sa-∂m-tem-Nn°-Ww. "hnZym-kw-{Kl'Øn¬ Jfi»x {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Hcp hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®p am{Xw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw˛ "cmk-hm-Z-imkv{Xw'. hnjbw C∂sØ "ck-X{¥w' AYh "sIankv{Sn' BWv. ck-X-{¥-Øns‚ ASnÿm\XØz-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ "]co-£-W-߃' hni-Z-am-°p-I-bp-amWv Cu ]w‡n-bpsS e£yw. hnhn[ e°-ß-fn-embn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ Hmtcm `mK-Øn-s‚bpw Bap-J-ambn teJ-I-\mb tPm¿Pv amØ≥ \¬Ip∂ cmk-\m-a-ß-fp-sSbpw a‰p imkv{X-\m-a-ß-fp-sSbpw Hcp ]´nIbp≠v. Cu ]´n-I-bnse ]e ]Z-ßfpw ]n∂oSv `mj-bn¬ Dd®p; NneXp \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-´p.

F¥p-am-I-s´, B ]Z-ß-fpsS {]tbm-Ku-Nn-Xyhpw

tPm¿Pv amØ≥

A¿∞-k-ºp-jvSn-bp-amWv {i≤n-t°-≠-Xv. Nne ]Z-߃ t\m°pI: ck-hm-Z-imkv{Xw (Chemistry) `qXw (Elment) hmjv]w (Gas) Aæ-I-c-hmjv]w (Oxygen) bh-£m-c-hmjv]w (Nitrogen) Pe-P-hmjv]w (Hydrogen) lcnXhmjv]w (Chlorive) AwKmcw (Carbon) {]Im-iZw (Phosphorus) BI¿jWw (Attraction) L\m-I¿jWw (Attraction of Gravitation) Im¥m-I¿jWw (Magnetic attraction) hnZyp-Zm-I¿jWw (Electrical attraction)c-k-hm-Z-_m-‘hw (Chemical affinity) K‘-Imæw (Sulphuric acid) Cub-Xp-cpº (Oxide of Lead) tkmUm-æXzw (Acetate of Soda) Imc-߃ (Alkalies) K‘-Io-bmæw (Sulphurous acid) {Zmhyw (Soluble) izmk-\m-Un-Iƒ (Lungs) kv^Sn-Im-IrXw (Crystalized) I¬Np-Æmºp (Chalk) \mIw (Zinc) eh-W-߃ (Salts) Pe-l-cn-Xmæw (Hydrochloric acid) \h-£mcw (Sal-ammoniac) sabv 2016

(14) HmIvkm-eæw (Oxalic acid) bh-£m-cmæw (Nitric acid) Hcp ck-X{¥]co-£Ww IqSn t\m°pI ("]co£' F∂mWv teJ-I≥ "]co-£W'Øn\p ]dbp-∂-Xv). ""]co-£, Ipsd Ccnºcm°p-s]m-Snbpw GItZiw s]mSn-bpsS ]mXn-Xq-°-tØmfw K‘-Ihpw IqsS \√-hÆw t`Zn-°. B Iq´ cmk-hmZ{]tbm-KØn¬ D]-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp ImN-°p-g-en¬ C´ aZy-ßfpsS kØp-sIm-s≠-cn-bp∂ Pzme ]nSn-°. DSs\ Ipg-en-∂-IØ hmbp tIdm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-∂-Xn∂ Nqt≠m∂n hnc-ep-sIm≠ Ipg-ens‚ hmb-sS-°.

Xosb-cn-®n¬sIm≠ Ccnºpw K‘-Ihpw XΩn¬ Hcpan® tN¿∂ Ccn-ºn¬\n∂pw K‘-I-Øn¬\n∂pw apgp-h\pw hyXym-k-ap-≈-Xmbn "Atbm-K‘w' (Sulphuret of Iron) F∂ t]cmb Hcp IdpØ Iq´p-hkvXp-hp-≠m-Ipw.'' t\m°q, Cu sNdnb Jfi-Øn¬Øs∂ F{Xtbm hm°p-Iƒ˛ Ccn-º-cm-°p-s]mSn, K‘-Iw, t`Zn-°, ImN-°p-g¬, Atbm-K-‘w, Iq´p-hkvXp (Compound).

"bp≤hpw ae-bm-fhpw' C°qsS tN¿Øp hmbn-°m-hp∂ ]gb Hcp teJ-\-ap-≠v. kztZ-im-`n-am\n sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ "bp≤hpw ae-bm-fhpw' F∂ t]cn¬ "Bfl-t]mjnWn'bpsS 1090 anYp-\w, I¿°n-SIw e°-ß-fn{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-XmWv AXv (tI-cf {]kv A°m-Zan {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb "hrØm¥ ]{X-{]-h¿Ø\'Øn{]kvXpX teJ\w A\p-_-‘-ambn tN¿Øn-´p-≠v). kztZ-im-`n-am\n sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ bp≤w ae-bm-f-Øn-\p-≠m-°nb t\´-sØ-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xp∂p: "bqtdm-]y≥ alm-bp≤w \nanØw temI-Im-cy-߃°v BsI-∏msS Hcp t`Z-KXn D≠m-hp-∂p-s≠-∂m-Ip∂p ]cs° hniz-kn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A°q-´-Øn¬ aebm-f-Øn\p _m[-I-amb Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-´ps≠∂p \Ωƒ A\p-`-h-Øm¬ Adn-bp-∂p-≠v. em`-\jvS-ß-fpsS G‰-Øq°w A‰ IW-°m-°n-∏-d-hm≥ C\nbpw Ime-am-bn-´n-√... Cu bp≤w tlXp-hmbn aebm-fn-I-fpsS `mj-bnepw Nne hnti-j-߃ kw`-hn-®n´p-≠v. adp-\m-S≥ `mj-I-fn¬ \n∂v Nne ]Z-߃ ssIs°m-≠-Xm-bn-´pw, kz`m-jm-]-Z-ßsf Iq´nt®¿Øp-Xs∂ Nne ]pXnb hm°p-Iƒ krjvSn-®-Xmbn´pw Nne ]Z-߃°p ]pXnb A¿∞-Øn{]tbmKw \¬In-b-Xm-bn´pw km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbmKn-°msX hn´n-´p≈ Nne ]Z-߃°p {]tbm-K-{]mNpcyw e`n-®-Xm-bn-´pw˛ Cßs\ \m\m-{]-Im-c-Øn`mjbv°v Hcp ]pXpa D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. hrØm-¥-]-{X-{]h¿Ø-I-∑m-cm-Ip∂ `mj-bpsS Cu KXn-hn-ti-jsØ Xzcn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-h¿...' (hr-Øm-¥-]-{X-{]-h¿Ø\w 1984: 224). sabv 2016

kztZ-im-`n-am\n sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ ""Ct∏m-gsØ bp≤hpw ae-bm-f-]{X-°m-cpsS ]Z-Zm-cn-Zy-t¢-isØ \√-hÆw {]Im-in-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. kmt¶-Xn-I-i-_vZ-ß-fn-se-∂p-th-≠, kmam\ykwK-XnIsf kw_-‘n® ]Z-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ IqSn-bpw, ]{X-{]-km-[-I-∑m¿ sshjayw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xmbn I≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]Z-t¢iw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ, ae-bm-fØn¬ km[p-hm-Iptam F∂p KWn-°m-sX, "ap´pim¥n'°v Cw•ojpw ae-bm-fhpw tN¿Øv ka-kvX-{Inb-I-fp-≠m°n "sSm¿∏otUm sNbvXp' (Torpedoed) F∂ hn[-Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-∏m≥ IqSn Ch-cnNne¿°p Iqk-en√'' F∂v Fgp-Xp∂ sI. cma-IrjvW≥ bp≤-Im-eØv hnhn[ ]{X-߃ {]tbm-Kn® Nne ]pXnb ]Z-߃ kam-l-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah-bnDNn-X-ambn X\n°p tXm∂p-∂Xv GXv F∂p tcJs∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. amXr-I-bv°mbn Nne ]Z-߃ DZm-l-cn-°p-∂p. tIc-tfm-Z-bw, tZim-`n-am-\n, tIc-f-]-{XnI, at\m-c-a, tIc-f-k-©m-cn, kXy-\m-Zw, ae-bmf at\m-c-a, DØ-c-Xm-cI XpSßn ]Xn-\mep h¿Ø-am-\-]-{X-ß-fn¬/B\p-Im-enI{]kn-≤o-I-c-Wß-fn¬ \n∂v sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXmWp ]Z-߃. kztZ-im-`n-am-\n°p kzoIm-cy-amb ]Zw {_m°-‰n¬. hnam-\-tbm-[-\w, BIm-i-bp≤w (air-raid- hnam\m-{I-aw, thymam-`n-{Klw) BIm-i-hn-am-\w, BIm-i-°-∏¬, thyma-hn-am\w, hnam-\-°-∏¬ (air-ship- thyma-bm-\w, BIm-i-°∏¬, thyma-t]m-Xw, \t`m-\u-I). tXm°p-]-´m-fw, ]oc-¶n-tØm-°p-Iƒ (artillery]oc-¶n-∏-´m-fw, ]oc-¶n-∏S)

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ssk\y-hyq-lw, A£u-ln-Wn, ssk\y-Zfw (army corps- ssk\y-Z-fw, ssk\y-Kp¬aw) hnam-\-°m-c≥, hnam-\-Nm-cn, thyma-Nm-cn, hnam-\k-©m-cn, ssham-\n-Iƒ (aviator aeronautssh-am-\n-I≥). tXm°n≥ta¬ Ip¥w (bayonette- \nkv{Xw-iw, tXm°n-©p-cn-I) A·y-kv{Xw, Xo°p-Sp-°, Xobp-≠, A·n-°p-Sp°, IpSp° (bomb˛-_w-`-cm-kv{Xw, `w`-Im-k-{Xw) t_mws_-dn-™p≈ bp≤w (bombardment- _w`cm-kv{X-{]-tbm-Kw, -`w-`-Im¿±\w) kap-{Z-Øn¬°qsS t]mIp∂ h¿Ø-am-\-°ºn (cable- I-S¬°-ºn) ssk\n-I-t°m-SXn (courtmartial- ssk\nI-t°mS-Xn, ssk\y-[¿Ω-k`) D]-Pm]w (conspiracy- D]-Pm]w) bp≤-hn-fw-_w, bp≤-{]-Jym-]-\w, bp≤-hn-⁄m]\w (declaration of war- bp≤-{]-Jym-]-\w, bp≤-hn⁄m-]\w) ssk\y-\n-c, ka-c-k-c-Wo, ka-c-\nc (fighting line, fighting front- c-W-aq¿[m-hv, tk\m-ap-Jw) a™p-Ip-Sp° (fog-bomb- [qan-Imkv{Xw) ]pI-bp≠ (gas-bomb- hm-X-Im-kv{Xw) b{¥-tØm°v (machine gun- b-{¥-tØm-°v) \io-I-cWkma-{Kn, \io-I-c-W-b{¥w (mine- D-±-fn-\n) \mhy-_-ew, \mhn-I-ssk\yw (naval force- \m-hy-_-ew, \mhy-ssk-\yw) \nan-j-sh-Sn-tØm°v (quick-fairer- \n-an-j-sh-SntØm-°v) Bt·m-bmkv{Xw (shell- ]pSm-kv{Xw, iem-Im-kv{Xw) sh≈-Øns‚ Nph-´n¬°qsS t]mIp∂ I∏¬,

sh≈-Øn-\-Sn-bn¬°qSn t]mIp∂ I∏¬, apßn-°∏¬, ]em-¥¿hm-l-\w, At[m¿Æ-h-bm\w (submarine- apßn-°-∏¬, apß-°-∏¬) ao\-_mWw (torpedo- ao\-_m-Ww, Zpjvt]mX-Iw, D¬t`-Z-Im-kv{Xw) InS-ßv, hmS, ]S-\n-e-°n-Sßv (trench- ]S-\n-e°n-S-ßv, JmXw) Iºn-bn-√m-°ºn (wireless, telegraphZq-c-te-Jn-\n) C\n-bp-ap≠v Ht´sd ]pXnb ]Z-߃. aptº kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-a√ {]iv\w. Bh-iy-ap-≠mb-t∏mƒ {]tbm-Kn-°-s∏´p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. h¿Ø-am-\-]-{X-߃ ]{X-\n¿am-W-Øn-eqsS `mjm-]-cn-t]m-jWw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂Xv A\p-kyq-X-{]{InbbmWv. Iºyq-´¿ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy, \mt\m-sS-

Ivt\m-fPn XpSßn ]pXnb hn⁄m-\-hn-j-b-߃ Bhn¿`-hn-®-t∏mƒ ae-bm-f-]Zk©-b-Øn-te°p F{X ]pXnb hm°p-Iƒ In´n F∂v At\z-jn-°p∂Xv Htc kabw IuXp-I-I-chpw hn⁄m-\-{]-Z-hp-ambn-cn-°pw. imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-j-b-߃ am{X-a-√, am\-hnIhnj-b-ßfpw kmwkvIm-cnIhn\n-a-b-ßfpw A¥m-cm-jv{S-_-‘-ß-fp-sams° \qX\ ]Z-߃°pw {]tbm-K-߃°pw `mj-bn¬ CSw \¬Ipw. ]{Xßfpw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\hpw C°m-cy-Øn¬ F°meØpw G‰hpw {]ap-J-amb Nme-I-i-‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

tIm´bw kn Fw- Fkv tImf-Pnse ae-bm-f-hn-`mKw Xe-h\mWv teJ-I≥ C˛-sabn¬: drbabucherian@gmail.com

sabv 2016

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_na¬ Ipam¿ cma-¶cn

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø\w: \ho-\-Ime{]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ ""I

∏¬ Xpd-ap-JØv kpc-£n-X-am-bn-cn-°mw.

F∂m¬, AXp \¶q-caSn®p InS-°m-\p-≈-X-√. Im‰pw tImfpw sFkv _¿Kp-Ifpw \nd™ alm-k-ap-{Z-ØneqsS A]-IS-c-ln-X-ambn k©-cn-°m-\mWv Ah \n¿Ωn-°-s∏-´-Xv.'' tPm¨ F. sjUns‚ Cu hm°pIƒ am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿°pw _m[-I-am-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p. kZm Akz-mÿy-ßfpw sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw \nd™-XmWv Hcp am[ya{]h¿Ø-Is‚ ta-J-e.

F∂m¬ Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv tP¿W-en-k-Øns‚ ku`mKy-Øn-I-hnepw hnjz¬ aoUn-b-bpsS h¿Æ hnkva-bØnepw Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-km-[yX kºq¿Æm-hÿ-bn¬ hnI-kn-X-am-Ip-∂n√ F∂-XmWv ZpxJ-I-cw.

sabv 2016

{]mhn-s\-t∏mse CW-ßnbpw Igp-I-s\-t∏mse Db¿∂pw ]mºn-s\-t∏mse Cg™pw Ah≥ kz¥-am°p∂ F{X-sb{X hm¿Øm-kr-jvSn-Ifmhmw am^n-b`o-Iccpw `c-W-h¿§hpw H‰ -t^m¨ tImfn-eqsS achn-∏n®p hbv°p-∂Xv. ^etam? s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn\p ]e-t∏mgpw hm¿Ø-Iƒ°p ]n∂nse bYm¿∞ kXyw Is≠-Øm\m-Ip-∂n√. hncp-≤-i-‡n-Iƒ krjvSn-°p∂ ]pI-a-dbv-°p≈nse Ahy-‡-cq-]-߃ am{X-amWv hm¿Øm-am-[y-a߃ P\-X-bv°p {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xv. am[y-a-{]h¿Ø\w Hcp hyh-kmbw F∂ \ne-bn-te°v A[x]-Xn-®Xpw Cu {]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS Imc-W-ß-fn-sem∂t{X. t]mƒ Fw. tPm¿÷ns‚ acWw BtLm-jn-

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°mØ am[y-a-ß-fn-√. F∂m¬, \njvTp-c-amb B sIme-]m-X-I-Øn\p ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn-®-hsc ]q¿Wambn kaq-l-Zr-jvSn-bn¬ FØn-°p-∂-Xn¬ am[y-a߃ BZyw apXte ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p. Pnj-bpsS sIme]m-X-I-Øns‚ Imcyhpw Aßs\ Xs∂. Ch IqSmsX F{X-sb{X sIme-]m-X-I-߃, ]Wm-]-lcW-߃, Agn-a-Xn-°-Y-Iƒ!

ZrIvkm-£n-bn√ F∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ Hcp bYm¿∞ kw`hw hnizm-ky-a√ F∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xp Kuc-h-ta-dnb hogvN-bm-Wv. ]c-am-h[n hniz-k-\o-bamb hm¿Øm-t{km-X- p-Iƒ am{Xta DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øap≈ Hcp ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≈q. ]uc-t_m-[hpw kmaq-lnI{]Xn-_-≤-X-bp-ap≈ am[ya-ßsf kzX-{¥-ambn {]h¿Øn-°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°mØ kml-N-cyw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn\pw ]uc-kzm-X-{¥yØn\pw F°m-ehpw `oj-Wn-X-s∂. "kXy-k-‘Xtb°mƒ BVy-amb Hcp ]mc-º-cy-hp-an√' F∂ sjbvIvkv]n-b-dpsS hm°p-Iƒ am[y-a-{]-h¿ØI¿°p am{X-a√ `c-W-h¿K-Øn\pw _m[-I-am-Wv. en‰-ddn tP¿W-enkw t]mse Xs∂ FØn°¬ tP¿W-en-khpw am[yataJ-e-bn¬ \n∂p hnShm-ßn-b-I-ep-I-bm-Wv. am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØ IqSp-

sjbvIvkv]n-b¿ X¬ hnizm-ky-am-°m≥ th≠ D]m-[n-Iƒ imkv{Xw kΩm-\n-®n-´p≈ B[p-\nIImeØmWv, Cu Ahÿ F∂Xpw AXohtJZ-Icw Xs∂. [m¿Ωn-IXbpw Bflo-b-X-bp-ap≈ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I-cpsS kwJy hnc-f-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I\p {]h¿Øn°m\pw {]Xn-tj-[n-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw am[y-aD-S-a-Itfm `c-W-h¿Ktam \ntj-[n-®p-Iq-Sm. B k∑\ v Ah¿ {]I-Sn-∏n-°mØ Ime-tØmfw Cu [m¿ΩnI{]Xn-k-‘n-I-fn¬ \n∂p am[y-a-ta-Je

hnIvS¿ bqtKm tamNn-X-am-Ip-sa∂p Icp-Xm-\m-hn-√. \njv]-£-Xbpw [m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw \ne-\n¿Øp∂ am[y-a-߃°p ]n¥pWbpw t{]m’m-l-\hpw ]I-cm≥ P\kaq-l-ßfpw aptºm-´p-h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v. "Hcp hnZym-ebw Xpd-∂mHcp Pbn¬ ASbv°mw' F∂p hnIvS¿ bqtKm ]d™p. Hcp ]{Xw kzX-{¥-am-bm¬ Hcp P\-Xsb DW¿Ømw F∂p hn\-b-]q¿hw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s´. am[y-a-[m¿Ωn-IX ]n m-tKm-]pcw t]mse Ncn™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ C°m-eØv sk¬^v tam\n-´-dnßn\p hnt[-b-\m-Ip∂ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-Is‚ {]mtbmKnI_p≤n am{X-amWv Ahs\ B Itk-c-bn¬ ]nSn®n-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. Ahs‚ kXy-k-‘X, \njv]-£X, Zbm-]-cX Ch-bvs°m∂pw hf¿∂p hnI-kn-°m-\p≈ A\p-Iq-e-km-l-Ncyw Chn-sS-bn-√. A\o-Xn-I-tfm-Sp≈ ss\k¿§nI{]Xn-tj[w ad-®p-h-®p aμ-l-kn-°m\pw AXmWp am\yX F∂p {]Jym-]n-°m\pw ioen-®-hcpsS Zpc-¥-`q-an-bn-emWp am[ya{]h¿ØIkaqlw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. s]mXp-k-aq-lhpw Cu Zpc¥w G‰p-hm-ßp∂p≠v. Pohn-X-Øn¬ c≠p Zpc-¥-ß-tf-bp≈q F∂p jm ]d-™n-´p-≠v. H∂v B{Kln-®-sX√mw In´p-I. c≠v B{K-ln-®-sXm∂pw In´m-Xn-cn-°p-I. F¶n{ZjvSm-°fpw A\p-hm-N-I-cp-sams° Hcp alm-Zp-c¥w t\cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Ah¿ B{K-ln-°p-∂tXm A¿ln-°p∂tXm A√ Ah¿°p e`n-°p-∂-Xv. ]{X-{]-h¿ØIs‚ [m¿Ωn-I-{]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ°p ]cn-lm-c-am¿§ßƒ \n¿t±-in-°m≥ Ata-cn-°≥ skmssk‰n Hm^v \yqkv FUn-t‰gvkv kwL-Sn-∏n® "FYnIv tIm¨^d≥kv' t]mse-bp≈ {ia-߃ C¥y≥ kml-N-cyØnepw A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂p tXm∂p∂p. sabv 2016

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Hcp kaqlw am[y-a-߃°pw Ah-bnse {]h¿Ø-I¿°pw A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ kzmX{¥yhpw am\y-Xbpw AXns‚ kzbw \ho-I-cWhy{KX-bp-ambn KmV-_‘w ]pe¿Øp-∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ ip≤o-I-cW{]{In-b-bv°p≈ kpk-÷hpw kpi-‡hp-amb D]-I-c-W-ß-fmWp am[y-a-߃ F∂ Aht_m[w kaq-l-Øn-\p≠m-tI-≠-Xp-≠v.

am[y-a-ßsf kzm[o-\n-°mt\m \nb-{¥n-°mt\m A\p-Iq-e-am-°n-sb-Sp-°mt\m `c-W-h¿§w {ian-°ptºmƒ Ah-bpsS \njv]-£X \jvS-am-Ip-∂p. P\m[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ Kpcp-X-c-amb hogvN-bm-Wn-Xv. am[y-a-taJ-e-bnse aqey-tim-j-W-Øn-s\-Xntc C‚¿\m-jW¬ s^U-td-j≥ Hm^v tP¿W-enÃvkv (IFJ) t_m[-h-XvI-cW{ia-߃ Bcw-`n®p Ign-™p. `cWh¿§-Øns‚ A\o-Xn-Iƒs°-Xntc i_vZap-b¿Ønbpw Xqen-I -N-en-∏n®pw A\-iz-cX t\Snb sabv 2016

kztZ-im-`n-am-\n-tbbpw sI.-kn. amΩ≥ am∏n-f-sbbpw t]mse-bp≈ \n¿`-b-cmb am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ AhcpsS amXr-Im-]-c-amb {]h¿Ø-\-]-Y-Øn-te°p \tΩbpw £Wn-°p-∂p-≠v. bp.-F- nse skmssk‰n Hm^v s{]m^-j-W¬ tP¿W-enÃvkv F∂ kwL-S-\bpsS {]Jym-]\w am[yakaq-l-Øn\p am{X-a√, a\pjy-k-aq-l-Øn\p Xs∂ {]tNm-Z-\-am-Wv. "ss\Xn-I-X-bpsS am¿K-tc-Jbpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ B[m-c-in-ebpw kmaq-lnIt_m[-h-XvI-c-W-am-Wv. CXn\mbn kmaq-ln-I-kw-`-h-ßsf Ah-bpsS ka-{K-X-tbmsS kXy-k-‘-ambpw \oXn\n-jvT-ambpw kaq-l-Øn\p apºn¬ AhX-cn-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv Hcp am[ya{]h¿Ø-Is‚ {]mY-an-I-amb DØc-hm-Zn-Xzw. F√m -am-[y-a-ßfnsebpw kmaq-lnI{]Xn-_-≤Xbp≈ {]h¿Ø-I¿ \oXn-\n-jvT-ambpw kXy-k-‘-ambp ambncn°pw B ISa \nd-th-‰p-I. Hcp am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-Is‚ hnizm-ky-X-bpsS AkvXn-hmcw Abm-fpsS sXmgn¬]-c-amb kXy-k‘-X-b-t{X.' B kXy-k-‘X Hcp km¿Δ-eu-InIkXy-ambn amdp∂ kpμ-c-\n-an-j-Øn-\mbn \ap°p {]m¿∞-\m]q¿hw ImØn-cn°mw. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Ihnbpw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I\pw Km\-c-N-bn-XmhpamWvv teJ-I≥.

C˛-sabn¬: bimalramankary@gmail.com

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{^w h¿Ωm-Pn, hnØv eu

sI.-F¬. taml-\-h¿Ω

H¨en _mUv \yqkv Cukv KpUv \yqkv ""h

tdUn-tbmbpw sSen-hn-j\pw h∂t∏mƒ Ahsb t\cn-Sm≥ ]{X-߃°v kv]oUv t]mcm-bncp∂p. A®-Sn-bp-sSbpw hnX-c-WØn-s‚bpw ssSw ^mIvS¿ XcWw sNøm≥ Ah¿°v D]-t`m‡m-hn\p \evIp∂ hm¿ØIƒ°v Fcnhpw ]pfnbpw \ndhpw Iqt´-≠n-h∂p.

¿Ωm-Pn, Kuc-h-ap≈ HcpImcyw kwkm-cn°m-\p-≠v. \ap-s°m∂p IqS-Ww. \Ωfp am{Xw aXn. Ft∏mgm kabw?''

Fs‚ ]gb kplr-Øm-Wv. Rm≥ 1976¬ FdWm-Ip-fØp h∂v sIm®n-°m-c-\mb \mfn¬ XpS-ßnb ]cn-N-b-am-Wv. A∂p Rm≥ tI{μ-k¿°m-cns‚ sIm®n-bnse Hcp ÿm]-\-Øn¬ sU]yq-t´-j-\mbn h∂-Xm-Wv. Imb-¬°-c-bnse at\m-l-c-amb t\m¿hoPn-b≥ ssì k¿°m¿ hoSv. F\n°v F∂pw ]pXnb ]pXnb Adnhpw sS≥j\pw \evInb B^okv kplr-Øp-°ƒ. kn.-]n. {io[-c≥ F∂ AXp-ey-\mb AXn-Im-b≥ kmln-Xy-{]-h¿Ø-I-cw-KsØbpw aoUn-bm-cw-K-sØbpw hmWn-cp∂ kmln-Xyh-\-Ønse XnI®pw ]pXnb A\p-`-h-߃. Rm≥ sabv 2016

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[mcmfw Fgp-Xn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. ]t£, s]mXp-th-Znbn¬ {]kw-K-I-\mbn {]Xy-£-s∏-´n-cp-∂n-√. t^mt´m tP¿W-en-k-Øns‚ AXn-{]-kcw hm°p-Isf C∂sØ-t∏mse A¿∞-iq-\y-am-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√.

AXpImcWw Fs∂ t\cn´v Fs‚ hmb-\-°m¿°p t]mepw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp h∂v A©mdp amk-am-bn°mWpw. Fs‚ B^o-knse kl-{]-h¿Ø-I≥ chn-\m-Y\p \n¿_-‘w. At±-l-Øns‚ kplrØv h°o-em-Wv. ]p≈n°v Fs∂ ]cn-N-b-s∏t´ ]‰q. Rm≥ kΩ-Xn-®p.

R߃ cma-h¿Ω ¢∫n¬ h®p I≠p.

AXn\p apºn-esØ BgvN- am-Xr-`qan BgvN∏Xn-∏n¬ h∂ IY Hcp a[y-h-bkvIs‚ BZysØ t{]aw B[m-c-am-°nb s\mÃmƒPnIv IhnX a´n-ep-≈-Xm-bncp∂p. \mbnI \Ω-tf-°mƒ {]mbw IqSnb; ASp-Øn-S-]-g-In-bm¬ Bcpw sX‰n≤cn°mØ Hcp tN®n Bbn-cp-∂p. Fs∂°-≠-bp-S≥ h°o¬ Fs‚ ssIIƒ Iq´n∏n-Sn®v hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mbn ]d-™p: ""anÿ h¿Ω, \n߃ Fs‚ D≈n¬ AXn-c-lky-ambn kq£n-®n-cp∂ Fs‚ IY Fßs\ Adn™p? Xm¶vbq shcn- a-®v.''

A∂p-ap-X¬ 40 sIm√-ambn At±lw Fs‚ kplrØm-Wv. ]t£, hfsc ASp-∏-an-√. h√-t∏mgpw ImWpw. Ipiew ]d-bpw. A{X-am-{Xw. AXp ImcWw Ct∏m-gsØ Cu sSen-t^m¨ hnfn- tI-´-t∏mƒ icn°pw IuXpIw tXm∂n. R߃ ka-bhpw GIm¥-Xbpw ^nIvkp sNbvXp. kw`hw ck-am-bn. kplr-Øn\v Hcp ]{Xw XpSß-Ww. Imc-W-߃ At±lw hfsc hy‡-ambn \nc-Øn. ""F\n°v C∂sØ tP¿W-enkw I≠p aSp-Øp.

Ct∏mƒ tZ¿ Cukv t\m \yqkv sse°v _mUv \yqkv. B¿°pw \√ hm¿Ø th≠. shdpw acWw th≠; sIme-]m-XIw aXn. kvt\lw th≠; ]oU\w aXn. kZv`-cWw th≠; Agn-aXn aXn. Hcp hm¿Øbnse, F¥m-Wn-Xn\p ImcWw F∂Xv At\z-jn°p∂ coXn \n∂p. Bcv, F¥v, Ft∏mƒ, Chsbms° aXn. CXns‚ A\n-hm-cy-Xbpw F\n°p a\ n-em-Ipw. tdUn-tbmbpw sSen-hn-j\pw h∂-t∏mƒ Ahsb t\cn-Sm≥ ]{X-߃°p kv]oUv t]mcm-bn-cp∂p. A®-Sn-bp-sSbpw hnX-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw ssSw ^mIvS¿ XcWw sNøm≥ D]-t`m-‡m-hn\p \evIp∂ hm¿Ø-Iƒ°v Fcnhpw ]pfnbpw \ndhpw Iqt´-≠n-h∂p. Ct∏m-gn-Xm, tkmjy¬ aoUnb Hcp I¨t{Sm-fpan-√msX F√m-‰n-s\bpw adnIS-°p-∂p.''

At±lw Hcp DZm-l-c-Whpw Im´n. ""]{X-ß-fn¬ Hcn-°epw Ip‰-hm-fn-Itfm A]-I-SØn¬s∏´-htcm Bb kv{XoI-fpsS Nn{X-߃ Bsf sabv 2016

a\- n-em-Ip∂ hn[w Im´m-dn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. sSen-hnj\pw Cu Iogvhg°w Ign-bp-∂{X XpS¿∂p. Ct∏mƒ F¥m kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv! ]Sw FSp-°m≥ t^mt´m-{Km-^¿ th≠. samss_¬ t^mWp≈ B¿°pw Nn{Xw FSp-°mw. \nan-j-Øn-\Iw temI-saºmSpw AsX-Øn-°mw. HmUntbm˛ hoUntbm {]n‚ v aoUnb apgp-h\pw Cu tkmjy¬ aoUn-bsb ]n¥p-Scp∂ KXn-tI-Sn-em-Wv.''

Rm≥ _nkn-\- p-Im-c≥ kplr-Øn¬ \n∂v Cu hn[w Hcp kw`m-jWw {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂n-√.

AXp ImcWw kt¥m-j-tØmsS At±-lsØ Dƒs°m-≠p.

At±lw ]d-™p: ""h¿Ωm-Pn-°-dn-bm-a-t√m, \Ωƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´ Imew Rm≥ h°o¬ Bbn-cp-∂-t√m. ]Øp sIm√w. ]ns∂ Rm≥ h°o¬∏Wn Ipd®v, _nkn-\- n-em-bn.

AhnsS {]Xo-£n-®-Xnepw hnP-bw. Ct∏mƒ, a°ƒ \√ \ne-bn¬ hntZ-i-Øv. F\n°p {]mbw IqSnhcps∂-¶nepw Btcm-Ky-Øn\p Ipg-∏-an-√. \me©p sIm√w IqSn BIvSo-hm-bn-cn-°mw. CubnsS `mcy acn®p. sseb-_n-en‰n H∂p-an-√. _nkn-\- nse Db¿®-bpsS {Xn¬ Ct∏m-gn-√. C\n Hcm{Klw am{Xta-bp-≈q. BIvNzen, h¿Ωm-Pn-°-dn-bm-tam, sF Bw F tP¿W-en-Ãv. Rm≥ h°o-em-bn. _nkn-\- p-Im-c\m-bn. ]t£, D≈ns‚bp≈n¬ Hcp ]{X-°m-c-\m-Wv. Rm≥ hmkvX-h-Øn¬ tP¿W-en-k-Øn¬ t]mÃv {KmPp-th‰v Untπma FSp-Ø-h-\m-Wv. hSt° C¥ybn-em-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v F¬-F¬_n IqSn H∏n-®Xp ImcWw h°o-em-bn. ]ns∂ `mcyho´p-Im¿ ImcWw Ah-cpsS _nkn\ v Fs‚ Xe-bn¬ h∂p. `mcw Npa-∂p. ]t£, Ct∏mƒ dnben {^o Bbn. C\n F\n°p Rm\m-Imw. tkm, Rm≥ Hcp ]{Xw XpSßm≥ t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. sF hm≠v bph¿ AssUzkv.'' tIc-f-Ønse _p≤n-bp≈ sNdp-∏-°m-cn¬

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\s√mcp iX-am\w tP¿W-enkw ]Tn-°m≥ t]mIpw. tP¿W-en-k-Øn\v Hcp Ipg-∏-ap-≠v. AXv Hcp el-cnbm-Wv. aZyw t]mse-tbm t^kv_p°p t]msetbm D≈ elcn. Xe-t®m-dn¬ ]nSn-®m¬ ]ns∂ hnSm≥ hnj-a-am-Wv.- tP¿W-en-Ãp-Iƒ _p≤n-Po-hn-I-fm-bXp ImcWw X߃ tPmen-sb-Sp-°p∂ ]{X-ÿm-]\w \S-Øp-∂-h-cp-ambn ]q¿W-ambn tbmPn-°m≥ ]‰p-Ibn-√. AXp-sIm≠v tPmen-ÿn-cX Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°pw.

Nne¿ tP¿W-enkw Xs∂ hnSpw. ]t£, H∂p-≠v˛ Ah¿°p Pohn-X-Øn-sem-cn-°epw kam-[m-\-ap-≠m-IpI-bn-√. Hcp Zn\-]{Xw \S-Øm≥ ]‰n-sb∂p hcn-√. ]t£, Hcp hmcn-Itbm amkn-Itbm ss{Xam-kn-I-sb¶neptam kz¥w ]{Xm-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn°msX Hcp tP¿W-enkw hnZym¿∞nbpw C∂phsc im¥n t\Sn-bn-´n-√. CXp ImcWw kplrØv tP¿Wenkw ]Tn-®n-cp∂p F∂p tI´-t∏mƒØs∂ F\n°v At±-l-Øns‚ hmin a\- n-em°n AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-™p.

Hcp amknI˛ amknI aXn. BgvN-∏-Xn-∏mt°≠. t]mjv. Hcp-]mSp kmaq-ly-{]-iv\-ß-fp-≠v.

C°-tWm-an-Iv, tkmjy¬, s]mfn-‰n-°¬, dnen-Pnbkv... ]ns∂ FUyq-t°-j≥ skIvS¿. sl¬Øv sIb¿. Ct°m-f-Pn-°¬. F\n°v Hcp]mSv sFUnbmkv D≠v. {]mIvSn-°¬ h¨kv. P\-Øn\p th≠Xv. Fs‚ A\p-`-hhpw Adnhpw kaq-l-Øn\v Bh-iy-ap-≠v. AXp \¬tI-≠Xv Fs‚ IS-a-b-t√? _m[y-Xbt√? KpUv \yqkv. \√ hm¿Ø-Iƒ. t]mkn‰ohv \yqkv. F\n°p a‰p am¿§-sam-∂p-an-√. Hcp amknI XpS-ßp-I. F\n°p ]d-bm-\p-≈Xp ]d-b-Ww. Hcp ]{Xw ssIbn-ep-s≠-¶n-te, Cu aq∂p XqWp-I-fp≠t√m sUtam-{I-kn-bp-tS-Xv, Fw.-F¬.-F.bpw sF.F.-F- p-Im-c-\pw PUvPn-bp-sams°˛ Ah¿ tIƒ°q.

Imbn-Iw, teiw s]mfn-‰n-Ivkv, ^mj≥, kn\na.

As©-´p-am-kw, aq∂p\mep e°w. BsI A©p-e£w t]mIpw. kmc-an-√. BZysØ e°w ]Xn-\m-bn-cw. c≠m-a-tØXv Aøm-bn-cw. aq∂m-aXpw

\mem-aXpw c≠m-bn-cw. shfn-bn¬ Ccp-]-Ø-s©∂p ss[cy-ambn ]d-bmw. ]ns∂ t]cv, {]i-kvXn, hnkn‰nMv Im¿Uv. X\n°p ]d-bm-\p-≈Xp ]d-bm≥ CSw. ]t£, bq hn¬ _n lm∏n. F∂m¬, CsXm∂pw Rm≥ At±-l-tØmSp ]d-™n-√. At±lw Fs‚ D]tZiw tIƒ°-m\√ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv Fs∂-\n-°-dnbmw. At±lw Xocp-am-\-sa-SpØp Ign™p. AXns\mcp Hms° thWw. Rm≥ Hcp ku≠nMv t_m¿Um-Wv. \XnwKv F¬kv. Rm≥ an≠m-Xn-cp∂p.

At±lw kwkm-cn®psIm≠n-cp-∂p. km£-ccpw s]mXpth _meyw apX¬ ]{X-hmb-\-°m-cmb-Xp-sIm≠p IqSn-bm-Imw, ]{Xw \S-Øn∏ns\ \mw, ae-bm-fn-Iƒ {]tXy-In-®pw shdpw _nkn\- mbn am{Xw ImWm-dn-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ P\m-[n-]Xy-Øns‚ \memw XqsW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ aoUnbbv°v a‰p aq∂p XqWp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp khntijX-bp-≠v. ]m¿e-sa‚pw FIvkn-Iyq-´nhpw PpUojy-dnbpw _nkn-\- -√. Ah-bpsS \S-Øn-∏n-\p≈ sNeh\p-k-cn®v hchp {Iao-I-cn-°p-I-bmWp _P‰v sNøp-∂-Xv. sNehp IqSn-bm¬ AXp ta°∏p sNøm\p≈ ]Ww Icw ]ncn-hn-eqsS D≠m-°m≥ hyh-ÿ-bp-≠v. Hcp _me≥kv jo‰nse em`-\jvSw AhnsS {]k-‡-a-√. ]t£, Cu \memw Xq¨ hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. ChnsS Fs‚ kplrØv kz¥w kpJ-Øns‚ `mK-ambn krjvSn-°p∂ aoUnb Hcp A]q¿h A]-i_vZw am{X-am-Wv. ]t£, CØcw i_vZw \ap°v Bh-iy-at√?

At±-l-Øns‚ {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\p henb Bbp- p-≠m-In-√. ]t£, aoUn-b-bpsS {]k‡n AXns‚ C°-tWm-anIv hmeyp-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-SpØm≥ ]‰p-I-bn-√t√m. C∂v \K-c-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏-SmØ C¥y-bn¬ 83 tImSn P\-ß-fp-≠v. 784 `mj-Iƒ.

CXn¬ Bdp `mj-Iƒ Act°mSn-bn-e-[nIw BfpIƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. CubnsS Zn√n-bnse sk‚¿ t^m¿ aoUnb ÃUokv {]kn-≤o-I-cn® IW°p {]Imcw \ΩpsS Bdp tSm∏v tZiob ]{Xß-fpsS ap≥t]-Pn¬ 0.18 iX-am\w kvt]knte Cu {KmaoW`mc-X-Øns‚ hm¿Ø-Iƒ hcm-dp-≈q.

Bdp {][m\ tZiob hm¿Øm Sn.-hn. Nm\-ep-Ifn¬ ss{]w ka-bØv 0.16 iX-am\w ka-b-amWv Cu _lp-`q-cn-]£-Øns‚ hm¿Ø-Iƒ hcp-∂-Xv. C¥y-bnse \men-sem∂v Bfp-Iƒ°pth≠n am{X-amWv aoUn-b-bpsS 99 tesd iX-am\w X´Ihpw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Rm≥ Fs‚ kplr-Øns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®p.

F\n°v AXt√ sNøm≥ ]‰q. ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

t\mh-enÃpw "ho£Ww' ap≥ No^v FUn-‰-dpamWv teJ-I≥.

C˛-sabn¬: klmv@rediffmail.com sabv 2016

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Journalism in India – II

FOOD WRITING AS LITERATURE

C

an writing on food evolve into a literary genre? Looking at the array of books coming out left, right and centre across the world, it would be interesting to find out whether writing on food can be considered literature? Cook books with detailed recipes may not be considered ‘literature’ in the proper meaning of the term. But if one pushes the borders of the recipes beyond a list of ingredients and how to prepare a given dish and enlarge the canvas to sabv 2016

Shoma A. Chatterji

include other things that lead to a given food or recipe, the picture changes completely and the book might find its place in the genre of books on food.

Thankfully, today cook books are much more than cook books. They trace the origins of a particular fish, poultry, vegetable or spice to step into the history of these items that go into our everyday cooking and how different ethnic

(23) groups use the same vegetable or fish differently in different regions even within the same ethnic group. Some food experts have earned both fame and money first through cook books and then by pushing the borders of their subjects by extending to other areas of culture, geography, climatic factors and so on. Among these names are Premila Lal, Tarla Dalal, Camelia Punjabi, Madhur Jaffrey and so on.

According to one critic, “Ms. Jaffrey took Indian food back from where it came, Indian homes, villages and streets.

Reading A Taste of India, is like reading an Indian Travelogue.

Ms. Jaffrey makes food even more exciting with her personal reminiscences. With photographs and recipes from across India, she covers in style and ease the diversity and richness of Indias ancient, and very true to the minute heritage.”

Chitrita Banerjee set the ball rolling with her wonderful book Life and Food in Bengal, in 1991. It opens with an

Chitrita Banerjee

outline map of Bengal, combining the East (Bangladesh) and West (West Bengal). The book runs into 162 pages, but the actual recipes begin only on page 47 and end on page 147. The main chapters are broken up to represent the six Bengali seasons, instead of the conventional division into items like pulaos, vegetables, poultry, fish, desserts, etc. The narrative reads more like a beautifully written novel, journeying through a fictitious Bengali family’s adventures with Bangla cuisine. Her second book The Hour of the Goddess – Memories of Women, Food and Ritual in Bengal (Seagull Books, 2001) is a long, very personal and sentimental journey into nostalgia without a single recipe. Within this framework of nostalgia, the author has offered us a historical glimpse into some of our habitual food cultures.

Banerjee is not the only one to transform writing on food.

Publishers like Penguin Books, not very long ago, launched an ongoing series of cookbooks focussing on food from different regions and communities in India. Every single book in the series is not just a cookbook but much more. It is both entertaining and educative to go through the pages of any one of these. Anglo-Indian Food and Customs (Penguin Books India Ltd., 1998) by Patricia Brown, who now lives in Canada, is one such example. Though the book is focussed on recipes culturespecific to Anglo-Indians, it embraces much more than doling out ingredients and methods. The Preface talks about The AngloIndians – How They Came Into Being, followed by an 11-page introduction on The Way It Was. This is a brief autobiographical account of the author’s childhood spent in an Anglo-Indian home, tracing, along the way, the slow but steady downfall of the AngloIndian in post-Independent India. Festivals, Rites of Passage, sabv 2016

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Birthday Celebrations, Summer Holidays, followed by A Few Notes and Helpful Hints precede the chapters on the actual preparation of traditional Anglo-Indian dishes. Each chapter focussing on a single dish, e.g. Soups, has its own introductory paragraph. The bottom line is that a food book of this kind enlarges the readership. You buy the book not necessarily because you wish to learn about Anglo-Indian cooking, but perhaps because you wish to know more about Anglo-Indians per se, of which, their food forms an integral part.

In her painfully researched for many years treatise A Grandmother’s Legacy– A Memoir of Five Generations who Lived Through the Raj, Jenny Mallin pays a tribute to her grandmothers across generations. Jenny Mallin migrated from India to England to settle there with her parents many decades ago. Yet, she dug into her past and retrieved documents, letters, recipes from scrapbooks and archival photographs of different branches of her family that have yellowed with age to resurrect a past that shaped her present and will define her future.

The designing of the book - recipes in detail from every ancestor Jenny has referred to, their family histories and geographies, their handwriting analyses, images from their scrap books of recipes sabv 2016

written down in detail, faded and dog-eared and her personal recounting of her travels are mindblowing. Anecdotes add spice to make a book more relevant and interesting, reaching beyond the narrow world of lost recipes so “I added family anecdotes my parents would tell me as a child. I wanted to capture them as they were – personal, amusing and entertaining.

This led to more than 30 visits to India in 25 years.

During these years, I wrote travelogues to my family and friends about my travels and my experiences which I decided to add to my book. When I realised that pictures were necessary, I built up an archive of old photographs of every family member, friend and relative mentioned in the book and most of these found their way into the book,” says the very articulate and decisive Jenny.

Lord Krishna’s Cuisine: The Art of Indian Vegetarian Cooking, Yamuna Devi covers Indian vegetarian cooking. It lacks the Moghlai cooking which is popular in North Indian restaurants the meat dishes and dishes cooked with onion and garlic. The recipes are very authentic and are a testament to simple ingredients producing sublime tastes.

An invaluable addition to the gastronomical historian’s journey through his food library is The

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Calcutta Cook book - A Treasury of Recipes from Pavement to Palace. This is a very unusual book because three people have jointly authored it.

One of them, the late Minakshie Dasgupta, was a noted chef and author of the well-known Bangla Ranna. The other two, Bunny Gupta and Jaya Chaliha are feature writers. The three have collected recipes from across the world. Many of these are family secrets of Calcuttans who have recreated Armenian, Jewish, Arabian, European, Chinese and Tibetan dishes with a distinct Calcutta flavour. Through over 200 tried and tested recipes ranging from the delicious Chingri Maacher Malai Curry to the biryani and kebabs of Kabul, and the Temperado, Vindaloo and Sorpotel of Goa, the authors have unspooled Calcutta as a gourmet’s paradise.

Two spin-offs of this new trend in food writing are – books on health-linked food and, books penned by some very senior women who have enriched their books with the experience of age. Karen Anand’s Lean Cuisine Curries (Harper Collins India, 1998) that has turned out into a bestseller, and Manjit Gill’s Eating Wisely and Well (Penguin India, 1997) are two examples of the former. The Essential Goa Cookbook (Penguin India, 2000) by Maria Theresa Menezes (born in 1926) and Parsee Food and Customs (Penguin India, 1996) by Bhicoo J. Maneckshaw (born in 1922) are two outstanding examples of the latter. The cookery books of yore lacked what the food books of today have – the three humane qualities of love, warmth and nostalgia.

Manjit Gill

“Men who are pure like food which is pure: which gives health, mental power, strength and long life; which has taste, is soothing and nourishing, and which makes glad the heart of man.”

Bhagwad Gita, 17:8 (Translation – Juan Mascaro) These lines appear on the opening page of Eating Wisely and Well – A Master Chef’s Guide to Healthy Cooking, by Manjit Gill, Executive Chef of a five-star chain of hotels in India. It is a sign of how cook books have changed in nature, character and personality over the years. From handing out recipes quantifying spices, condiments and oil in scientifically precise terms, they have evolved into books on the lifestyle and the culture of the people they represent, with recipes forming a part. From the driest of terms that drained out the juice from the most delectable of Moghlai gravies or Chinese sauces, they have evolved into a distinct form of literature unto itself, defined by the literary style, culinary expertise and research scholarship of their authors. Food writing can of course be considered literature when the parameters of physicality of food are extended beyond details of recipes to embrace the cultural associations with food. ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

The writer is a freelance journalist, author and film scholar based in Kolkata. She has authored 17 books and contributed to many compilations on cinema, family and gender.

Email: shoma.chatterji@gmail.com sabv 2016

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aoUnb ss_‰vkv F≥. ]n. B¿

A]-Io¿Øn {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-ambn XpS-cp-tºmƒ...

hy

‡n-Iƒ°v A]-Io¿Øn-bp-≠m°p-∂Xp {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-am-bn-Øs∂ XpScWw F∂ kp{]ow- tIm-S-Xn- hn[n A`n-{]mb-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn\p th≠n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂h¿°pw A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X{¥yw D]-tbm-K-s∏Sp-Øp∂ F√m hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ°pw henb Xncn-®-Sn-bm-bn. Ht´sd cmPy-߃, am\-\-jvSap-≠m-°p-∂Xv Hcp knhn¬ Ip‰w am{X-am°n \nbaw am‰n-s°m-≠n-cnt°-bmWv G‰hpw henb P\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-PyØv CØ-c-samcp Xncn-®-Sn-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw am[y-akzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw kwc-£-W-Øn-\p th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p∂ Ht´sd kwL-S-\Ifpw hy‡n-Ifpw am\-\jvSw {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-

sabv 2016

am-°p∂ C¥y≥ in£m-\n-b-a-Ønse hyh-ÿ-Iƒ \o°w sNø-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-´p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `c-W-L-S\ Dd∏p-\¬Inb A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚ am{Xw _e-ØnemWv C¥y-bn¬ ]{X-kzm-X{¥yw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. s]mXpXm-Xv]cyw kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p- th≠n hna¿i-\-߃ D∂bn-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-cmWp am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿. Npa-Xe \n¿h-ln-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ {Inan-\-ep-I-fmbn ap{ZIpØ-s∏-SpIbpw {Inan-\¬ \nb-a-{]-Im-c-ap≈ Pbn¬in£ A\p-`-hn°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xns‚ P\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-≤-amb hiw kp{]ow- tIm-S-Xn- Xs∂ Nq≠n-°m-´n-bn-cp-∂p.

PÃnkv Zo]Iv an{i, PÃnkv bp.-bp. efnXv F∂n-h-c-Sßnb kp{]ow tImSXn s_©v 2014 HIvtSm-_¿ 30\v Hcp am\-\-jvS-t°kv hnNm-c-Wbv-°nsS \nbaw ]p\-x]-cn-tim-[n°m≥ Xbm-dm-sW∂p {]Jym-]n-®p. _n.-sP.-]n. t\Xmhv kp{_-“Wyw kzman-s°-Xntc Xan-gv\mSv apJy-a{¥n

(27) Pb-e-fnX \¬Inb am\\-jvS-t°- ns‚ hnNm-cW-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. A`n{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-t∑`c-W-L-S\ A\p-h-Zn® \ymb-amb \nb-{¥-W߃ F∂ ]cn-[n-°-∏pdw hcp-∂-XmWp {Inan-\Ip-‰-am-°-se-∂m-bn-cp∂p kp{_-“Wyw kzmanbpsS hmZw. CXn\p apºv Ht´sd tIkp-I-fn¬ Cu \nb-a-hIp-∏ns‚ `c-W-L-S-\m-hncp-≤-kz-`mhw I£n-Iƒ D∂-bn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw tImS-Xn-Iƒ AXn-te°p IS-∂n-cp-∂n-√. CØ-hW tImSXn AXv Kuc-h-]q¿hw ]cn-K-Wn-s®-¶nepw c≠wKs_©ns‚ Ah-km-\-hn[n A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X{¥ysØ _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-bn√ F∂mWp s]mXphmb \nK-a-\w. Zn lnμp Dƒs∏sS hnhn[ ]{X-߃ hn[n-bn¬ \ncmi {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ apJ-{]-kw-K߃ Fgp-Xn. ]{X-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS BtKmfkwL-S-\-bmb hm≥ C{^bpw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-cpsS kwL-S-\-bmb C‚¿\m-j-W¬ s^U-td-j≥ Hm^v tP¿W-enÃvkpw (sF.-F-^v.-sP) am\-lm\n {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-a-√m-Xm°Ww F∂ Bhiyap∂-bn®v h¿j-ß-fmbn {]NmcWw \S-Øn-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ht´sd cmPy-߃ CXv AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. {Inan-\¬ am\-lm\n \nbaw th≠ F∂p Xocp-am-\n® cmPy-ß-fpsS Iq´Øn¬ {_n´\pw {^m≥kpw Dƒs∏-Spw. Ata-cn-°bnse ]e kwÿm-\-ßfpw Cu hgn kzoI-cn®p Ign™p. Ht´sd C¥y≥ tImS-Xn-I-fpw am\-lm-\n-bp-≠m°p-∂Xp {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-a-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-Iq-e-

ambn {]Xn-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. ]t£, kp{]ow tImSXn Ct∏mƒ ]cn-K-Wn-®Xv `c-W-L-S\ hn`m-h\w sNbvX \ymb-amb \nb-{¥-W-ß-fpsS ]cn-[n-bn¬ Cu in£m-\n-b-a-hy-hÿ s]Sptam F∂p am{X-am-bn-cp∂p. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ C°m-cy-Øn-ep-≠mb ]pXnb Nn¥ tImS-Xn-bpsS ]cn-K-W-\-bn¬ h∂n-´n-√.

C¥y≥ tImS-Xn-I-fnse ]pXnb {]h-WX CXpkw-_-‘n® N¿®-I-sf-sb√mw A{]-k-‡-am-°p-∂p≠v. am[y-a-ÿm-]\w AS-®p-]q-t´-≠n- h-cp∂ tXmXnep≈ Db¿∂ \jvS-]-cn-lmcw A]-Io¿Øn-t°-kp-Ifn¬ hn[n-°p-∂Xv Ct∏mƒ ]Xn-hm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A]-Io¿Øns∏Sp-ج {Inan-\¬ Ip-‰-am°n ]{X-{]h¿Ø-Is\ Pbn-en-e-S-bv°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ am[y-akzm-X-{¥yw l\n-°p-∂-XmWv Cu knhn¬ \jvS-]-cnlm-c- \-S-]-Sn. hy‡n-I-fpsS k¬°o¿Øn kwc-£n°p-∂Xpw AtXm-sSm∏w A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X{¥yw Dd∏p hcp-Øp-∂-Xp-amb \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ D≠m-°m≥ {]kv Iu¨kntem tem IΩo-jt\m ap≥ssI FSp°-W-sa∂ Bhiyw Db-cp-∂p-≠v.

am[y-a-kzm-X{¥yw: C¥y Ct∏mgpw ]n∂ntem

I-hym-]-I-ambn am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚ ÿnXn Bi¶ P\n-∏n°pw hn[w tami-am-Ip-I-bmWp sNøp-∂sX∂p dnt∏m¿t´gvkv hnØu´v t_mtUgvkv F∂ temI am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I-kw-L-S\-bpsS ]T\w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS ÿnXnbpw ]cn-Xm-]-Ic-ambn XpS-cp-∂p. 2002 apX¬ \S-∂p-h-cp-∂-XmWv 180 cmPy-ß-fn¬ am[y-a-߃°p e`n-°p∂ kzmX{¥yw kw_-‘n® Cu ]T-\w. aq∂p bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fn-emWp am[y-a-kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v G‰hpw Ipd-®p-am{Xw `oj-Wn-Iƒ Db-cp∂-Xv. 2010 apX¬ H∂mw ÿm\-Øp≈ ^n≥em≥Uv

B ]Zhn \ne-\n¿Øn. s\X¿em≥Uvkpw t\m¿thbpw sXm´p-]n-∂n-ep-≠v. ]´n-I-bn¬ G‰hpw Xmsg \n¬°p∂ aq∂p cmPy-ß-fn¬ ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fn¬ am‰-an-√˛ Xp¿Ivsa-\nÿm≥ (178), DØcsImdnb (179), Fdn-{Xnb (180).

96-˛mw ÿm\Øp \n∂v 30¬ F-Ønb SpWo-jybpw 107¬ \n∂v 22 ¬ FØnb Dss{I\pw BWv cmPyØp kam-[m-\-\ne sa®-s∏-´-Xp-sIm≠v XmgsØ dm¶n¬ \n∂p tatem-´p- I-b-dn-b-Xv. am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚ anI-® amXr-I-bmbn Icp-X-s∏-´n-cp∂ {_n´≥ hfsc Xmtg°p t]mb-Xmbn sabv 2016

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CØ-h-WsØ dnt∏m¿´v hy‡-am-°p∂p. t\ctØ 19-˛mw ÿm\w D≠m-bncp∂ {_n´\v Ct∏mƒ 38˛mw dmt¶bp≈q. `oI-c-{]-h¿Ø\w t\cn-Sp∂-Xn\p ]pXnb \nb-a-߃ sIm≠p-h∂Xpw tP¿W-en-Ãp-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃ h¿[n-®-Xp-amWv Cu ]X-\-Øn\p Imc-W-ambn IW-°m-°p∂-Xv. e≠-\n¬ 2005¬ D≠mb `oIcm{I-a-W-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v tP¿W-en-Ãp-Isfbpw cl-kym-t\z-j-W-ß-fpsS ]cn[n-bn-em-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah-cpsS t^m¨ tNm¿Øp-∂Xp km[m-c-W-ambXpw ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏´p ImW-Ww. bmYm-ÿn-XnIk¿°m¿ am[y-aß-fpsS \nb-{¥-Wm-[n-Imcw ssIb-S°nb t]mf≠pw (29¬ \n∂v 47) `c-WIqSw IqSp-X¬ GIm-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb XmPn-In-ÿm\pw (34¬ \n∂v 150) icnb-Øv˛ ssZh-\n-μm-\n-b-a-߃ I¿°-iam-°nb {_qssW kp¬Øm-t\‰pw (34¬ \n∂v 155) ap≥\n-c-bn¬ \n∂v hfsc ]nd-tIm´p t]mb cmPy-ßfmWv. am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥ym-hÿ G‰hpw tami-amb cmPy-ß-fpsS Iq´-ØnXpS-cp-I-bmWv C¥y. Ign™ h¿jsØ 136¬ \n∂v Hcp-]Sn Ibdn 133¬ FØn F∂Xv H´pw Bizmkw \¬Ip-∂n-√. bYm¿∞-\ne tami-ambnt´bp≈q F∂p dnt∏m¿´v hy‡-am°p-∂p. s]cp-Ip∂ \nb-a-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ, A]-Io¿Øn- \n-b-a-Øns‚ ad-hn\S-°p∂ am[y-a-th´, am[y-a-{]-h¿ØI¿s°-Xn-cmb B{I-a-W-߃ F∂nh ImcWw C¥y-bpsS ]e `mK-ß-fnepw am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ kzbw sk≥k¿jn∏v G¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥ \n¿_‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂-Xmbn k¿tΔ shfn-

hm°n. amkw-tXmdpw Hcp ]{X-{]h¿Ø-I-s\-¶nepw B{I-an-°-s∏-Sp∂, 2015¬ \mep ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ sIm√-s∏´ DØ¿-{]-tZ-imWv cmPyØv am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥yw G‰hpw l\n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kwÿm-\-sa∂v k¿tΔ hne-bn-cp-Øn. {ioe-¶bpw _w•m-tZipw ]mIn-ÿm\pw djybpw C¥y-bpsS ]n∂n-em-Wv. kuZn Atd-_n-b, Dkvs_-°n-ÿm≥, tkmam-en-b, CIzt‰m-dn-b¬ Kn\n-b, Cdm≥, sba≥, Iyq_, Pn_u-Sn, emthm-kv, kpUm≥, hnb-‰v\mw, ssN\, kndnb F∂n-h-bmWv G‰hpw ]n∂n\n¬°p∂ a‰p cmPy-߃. hnhn[ cmPy-ß-fnse _lp-kz-c-X, am[y-a-kw-_-‘-amb \nb-a߃, \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS LS-\, am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°p t\tc \S∂ B{I-a-W-߃ XpS-ßnb Imcy-߃ ]cn-K-Wn®v temI-sغm-Sp-ap≈ hnZ-Kv[-∑m-cmWv Cu kqNnI Xbm-dm-°p-∂-Xv. hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃ kwL-S-\-bpsS ssk‰n¬ e`y-am-Wv. http://rsf.org/en/ranking

am[y-a-hn-izm-kyX {Ia-ambn Xmtg°v am

[y-a-hn-izm-kyX t]mse C{Xbpw {Ia-am-bn, temI-saßpw hoWp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ as‰m-∂p-ans√∂p tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. G‰hpw HSphn-enXv Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. Ata-cn-°≥ {]kv C≥Ãn-‰yq´pw

sabv 2016

sk‚¿ t^m¿ ]ªnIv A^tbkv dnk¿®pw tN¿∂p \S-Ønb k¿tΔ-bn¬ Bdp iX-am\w Ata-cn-°-°mtc am[y-a-ßsf X߃°p hnizm-k-am-sW∂p ]d-™p-≈q.

BsI-sbmcp kam-[m-\tabp≈q! am[y-a-ß-tf-°mƒ XmsgbmWv Ata-cn-°-bpsS k¿h-kz-hp-amb P\-{]-Xn-\n[n ÿm]\w Ata-cn-°≥ tIm¨{K-kv. A√, F√m `c-W-ÿm-]-\hpw

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Aß-s\-b√. ^Ãv FtÉpw t^m¿Øv FtÃ-‰pta Cßs\ aq°p-IpØn hogp∂p≈q. Ata-cn-°≥ anen-‰dn°v 48 iX-am\w ]uc-∑mcpsS hnizm-ky-X-bpsS ]n¥pW-bp-≠v. am[y-a-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hmb-\-°m¿ Fs¥-√m-amWp {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv? G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Bfp-Iƒ, 85 iXam\w t]¿ IrXy-X˛ B°pdkn˛ BWv hm¿ØI-fnB{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. {]m[m-\yØn¬ c≠m-aXp hcp-∂Xv ]q¿W-X˛ Iwπo-‰v\-kv˛ BWv. ]ns∂-h-cp-∂Xv kpXmcyX (68 iX-am-\w), ]£-]mX-an-√m-bva˛ _me≥kv˛ F∂o KpW-ß-fm-Wv. CtX-sdbpw A®-Sn-∏-{X-Øns‚ hmb-\-°m-cpsS Imcy-am-Wv. UnPn-‰¬ hmb-\-°msc G‰hpw Atem-k-cs∏SpØp-∂Xv F¥m-sWt∂m?

AXp ]c-ky-amWv. ]ckyw Hcn-SØp InS-°p-∂-XnB¿°pw FXn¿∏n-√. hm¿Ø-bn¬ NmSn-h-∂v CS-s]Sp-∂Xpw iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-amb ]c-kyw Ah¿°p kln-°m-\m-hp-∂n-√. temUnMv sshIp-∂Xpw samss_¬ t^mWn¬ icn°p In´m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw Ahsc Gsd Atem-k-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

87 iX-am-\-am-fp-Iƒ hm¿Ø-b-dn-bm≥ s^bvkv_p°mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. ]t£, ]{¥≠p iX-am\w t]tc s^bvkv_p°v hm¿ØIƒ°p hnizm-kyX Iev]n-°p-∂p-≈q. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

ap-Xn¿∂ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I\pw tImf-anÃpw tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bpsS ap≥ sNb¿am-\p-amWv teJ-I≥.

C˛-sabn¬: nprindran@gmail.com

sabv 2016

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Students’ Corner

The Influence of

Intrapersonal Communication on Reporting and Public Communication

J. V. Vil’anilam

A

ll media workers, particularly news reporters are influenced by their early learning and impressions gained from kindergarten to college. That early education is a factor in the inadequate and often negative but occasionally positive images of other countries and communities, but certainly positive images about one’s own country and community has been proved at least partly by this writer in the 1970s when a survey of middle school students was conducted among American school children.

On the basis of findings from a Questionnaire Survey of pupils in a public school located in a wealthy, educationally forward New England suburb of historical importance, a hypothesis was advanced that inadequate and negative coverage of other countries in the U.S. media could be caused by media workers who form sabv 2016

wrong images about others even at the school level.

(See Communicator, a publication of the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, New Delhi, 1974; and the writer’s book, Education and Communication: Trivandrum: Kairali Books International, 1985, pp. 13-35)

(31) My survey was conducted among the 9th graders of the same school in 1971 and 1978.

This was to ascertain whether there was any change in students’ perception about India within seven years.

Results of the survey showed that the 9th graders (14-15 years old) had wrong basic notions about India. It is such youngsters with wrong images about other countries who later on become newspaper and other media workers and it is quite possible that they approach other countries’ reporting often with inadequate and even biased information. Media workers in every country should have correct information at least about the most fundamental information about other countries. If a survey is conducted among Indian children of comparable grades and ages, information about the inadequacy and bias of their information about the U.S. and other countries may be revealed.

All media workers, therefore, have to form their basic information about other countries in the right manner. World peace and healthy international relations will depend a great deal on media workers’ proper impressions about other peoples and countries.

People of Country A cannot be expected to know everything about Country B, especially if B is quite distant from A geographically and culturally. It is a fact that A’s people get messages about B through wires, telephones, telex, cables, e-mail and other devices these days and it is important that the foreign correspondents, diplomats and others file fundamentally correct information about Country B’s people, their systems of government, salary and wage structure, ideologies, customs, rituals, social life, historical traditions and current lifestyles.

However, no country can ignore the fact that their educational systems and teaching of facts about other countries will certainly affect the type and level of knowledge of their media workers even at the school level. It is also a fact

that many school systems follow textbooks that do not cover much material about other countries in their geography, history and social studies classes. Perhaps this is something that has to be examined more seriously by those who frame the curricula and syllabi in schools and colleges.

The image that dominated the American school children in both 1971 and 1978 was that of a highly-populated India, of fabulously rich Maharajahs and extremely poor commoners, famous for coffee, tea, pepper and spices, lions, tigers, rare gold and diamond jewelry, snakes and snake-charmers, shining and flowing saris, turbans and forced marriages! Perhaps a survey conducted in the same school among 9th graders in the second decade of the 21st century will yield entirely different results—computers and IT experts, space scientists, nuclear plants and rocket science!! Who knows? .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Professor Dr.J. V. Vil’anilam was Vice-Chancellor (1992-1996) and Head of the Department of Communication & Journalism (1982-1992) at the University of Kerala. As Professor Emeritus of the UGC he has taught at Berhampur, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Calicut, Dharwar, and Mangalore universities from 1996 onwards.

Visit his website: www.vilanilam.com. sabv 2016

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hmb-\

jmPn tP°_v

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ s{]m^jW[m¿ΩnIXbv°pw kmaq-lnIkZm-Nm-cØn-\p-ap≈ {]m[m-\y-sØ-°p-dn®pw `c-W-IqS\nb-{¥-W-ßfpw am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ kwL¿j-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ka-{K-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ {]am-W-{KŸw

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø\w: [m¿ΩnIXbpw \nb-{¥-Whpw am[y-a-]-T-\-cw-KsØ {]ap-J-amb Hc-t\zjWhnj-b-amWv am[y-a-ß-fpsS s{]m^-j-W[m¿Ωn-I-X. \ne-\n¬°p∂ kmaq-lnI-a-cym-Z-Iƒ°pw kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-߃°pw \nb-a-kw-ln-X-Iƒ°pw `c-WL-S-\m-X-Øz-߃°pw a\p-jym-h-Imi߃ °psams° hg-ßm≥ am[y-a-߃ Xøm-dm-Ip-∂n√ F∂ hna¿i\w ]c-s°-bp-≠v. ]e-t∏mgpw Hcp kaql-Øns‚ [m¿an-I-Nyp-Xn-bpsS amXr-I-bmbn Nq≠n°m-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-dp≈Xp t]mepw Ahn-SsØ am[y-aß-sfbm-Wv. am[y-a-߃°p am{X-ambn Hcp [m¿Ωn-Ihy-h-ÿ-bpt≠m F∂ tNmZyw hf-sc-b-[nIw N¿®sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂ H∂m-Wv. CtX-t]mse Xs∂-bmWp am[y-a-߃°p- ta-ep≈ \nb-{¥-W-Øns‚ Imcyhpw. \nb-{¥-W-sa-∂m¬ `c-W-Iq-S-\n-b-{¥Ww Xs∂. sabv 2016

am[y-a-ß-fpsS [m¿ΩnIhyXn-N-e-\-߃°p XS-bnSm≥ `-cWIqSw Ahbv°pta¬ \S-∏m-°p∂ \nb-a-]c-amb hne-°p-IfmWv "\nb-{¥-W'ß-fmbn Icp-X-s∏´p-t]m-cp-∂-Xv. kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw am[y-a-]-chpw kmt¶-Xn-Ihpsams°-bmb \nb-{¥-W-ß-fpsS hensbmcp afiew Xs∂ an° cmPy-ß-fn-ep-ap-≠v. aX˛ k¿hm-[n-]Xy `c-W-Iq-S-ß-fpsS Imcyw ]d-tb-≠Xn√. Ah am[y-a-߃°p-ta¬ kºq¿-W-ambpw ]nSnapdp-°n-bn-cn-°pw. Bhn-jvIm-c˛ am[y-a-kzmX{¥yw \S-∏p≈ P\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-Py-ß-fmWv ChnsS {]k-‡w. ]e-t∏mgpw am[ya[m¿Ωn-IX, \nb-{¥Ww F∂n-hsb ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-ß-fmbn ImWm-sa∂ \ne]mSp kzoI-cn®v bqtdm˛ Ata-cn-°≥ am[y-a-X-Øz-

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ßsf Bg-Ønepw ]c-∏nepw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ {KŸ-amWv {Inkv t{^m-Ãns‚ Journalism: Ethics and Regulation’. 2000˛{]kn≤o-Ir-X-amb Cu {KŸØns‚ ASn-apSn ]cn-jvI-cn® \memw ]Xn-∏mWv ChnsS \ncq]Ww sNøp-∂Xv. News of the world hnhmZ-ßsf XpS¿∂v C°gn-™ -h¿j-ß-fn¬ {_n´-\n-ep≠mb AXn-{]-i-kvX-amb am[ya[m¿Ωn-IXmkwhm-Z-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ cq]w sIm≠ {Inkv t{^mÃv F¬.sP. enhnk¨ (L.J. Leveson) -I-Ω-n‰n-bpsS At\zj-W-dnt∏m¿´ns‚ kμ¿`-Øn¬ ]cn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´-XmWv Cu \memw-]-Xn-∏v.

C¥y-bn¬ C°-gn™ h¿j-ß-fn¬ {i≤ t\Snb Paid News t]msetbm AXn-ep-ta-sdtbm N¿® sNø-s∏-´-XmWv dq]¿´v a¿tUm-°ns‚ ]{X-amb News of the World \SØnb t^m¨ tNm¿Ø¬. \h˛ kmaq-lnI-am-[yacwKsØ "A[m¿ΩnIX'Iƒ IqSnbmIp-tºm-ƒ H∂c ]Xn-‰m≠p apsº-gp-X-s∏´ CØ-c-samcp {KŸ-Øns‚ ]cn-jvI-c-W-߃°p≈ {]m[m\yw hy‡-am-Ip-a-t√m. {Inkv t{^mÃv CXp Xncn-®-dn-™p-sh-∂-XmWv Cu \memw- ]-Xn-∏ns‚ {]k-‡n. {^©v hnπ-hhpw Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-L-S-\bpw Nq≠n-°mWn-®mWv km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ [m¿ΩnI˛\n-b-{¥-W-X-Øz-ß-sf- Ip-dn-®p≈ GXp N¿®bpw Bcw`n-°p-I. Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS H∂mw t`Z-KXn am[y-a߃°p kr„n®p \¬Inb A[n-Imcw Ata-cn-°-bn¬ HXp-ßp∂tXm kam-\X-I-fp-≈tXm A√. t{^mÃv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xpt]mse ]m›mXyam[y-a-ß-fpsS Xs∂ [m¿Ωn-Im-Sn-Ø-d-sbmcp°n, Cu t`Z-K-Xn. am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS kmº-Øn-I, hwiob, h¿K, cm{„obXmXv]-cy-߃ am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿°p takr„n-°p∂ kΩ¿±-ß-fpsS ^e-amWv C∂p \ne-\n¬°p∂

A[m¿Ωn-I-X-I-sf√mw Xs∂. hy‡n-KX-sa-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ ÿm]-\-]-c-amWv Ah F∂¿∞w Ata-cn-°≥˛ {_n´ojv am[yacwK-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-s°m≠v am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-X-sb-°p-dn®v Cu \mSp-Ifn-ep-≠mb {KŸ-߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p-≠v, t{^mÃ.v ]t£ 1990Ifn-ep-≠mb {KŸ-ß-fn¬ t]mepw am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-Xsb-∂m¬ ]{X-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kΩm-\-]-≤-Xn-Ifpw kuP-\y-ßfpw apX¬ ]{X-]w-‡n-I-fnse Bi-btNm-cW-߃ hscbp≈h am{X-am-bn-cp-∂psht{X. Cub-Sp-Ø-Im-eØp am{XamWv CsXmcp Kuc-h-ap-ff hnj-b-ambn N¿®sN-ø-s∏-´p -XpS-ßp∂-Xv. BtKm-f-hXvIrX-˛-C‚¿s\-‰v-˛-_-lp-cm{„ sSen-hn-j≥-˛-Iayq-Wn-Ã-\-¥-c-Im-eØv. am[ya DS-a-Iƒ, apXn¿∂ FUn‰¿am¿, km[m-cW am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ F∂o aq∂p- X-´p-I-fnepw kw`-hn-°mhp∂ sXmgn¬]-c-amb A[m¿an-I-X-Iƒ Fßs\ Hgn-hm°mw F∂-XmWp {][m\ tNmZyw (F-Un-t‰m-dn-b-en-t\°mƒ {]m[m-\yhpw {]mam-Wyhpw ]cky-hn-`m-K-Øn\p ssIh∂ Ime-am-b-Xn\m¬ B hn`m-K-sØbpw Cu tNmZyØn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-Ww). ÿm]\ DS-a-IfpsS kmº-ØnIXmXv]cyw apXcm{„o-b-XmXv]cyw hsc-bp-≈-h, \ne\n¬°p-∂Xpw AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´Xpamb am[ya\ne-hm-c-߃°pw {]h¿Ø-\-XØz-߃°pw hncp-≤-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah \nc-kn-°mt\m A\p-k-cn-°m-Xn-cn°mt\m D≈ kzmX{¥yw am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿°pt≠m? enhn-k¨ IΩn‰n C°mcyw N¿®-sNbvXv, am[y-a-{]h¿Ø-I-cpsS sXmgn¬˛ [m¿ΩnIkzmX{¥yw Dd-∏m-°p-∂p. C°m-cy-Øn¬ ]{X{]-h¿Ø-I-tc-°mƒ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Sn.hn, tdUn-tbm, am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿ ImWn-°mdp-s≠∂p Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p, t{^mÃv. hntijn®p kzIm-cy-X-bn-te-°p≈ IS∂p-I-b‰w t]mep-≈-h-bn¬.

Ccp-]-sØm-∂-[ym-b-ß-fp≈ Cu {KŸ-Øns‚ BZysØ ]Xn-aq-∂-[ym-b߃ am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-X-bpsS `n∂-a-fie-߃ N¿® sNøp-∂p. XpS¿∂p≈ F´[ym-b-߃ {_n´≥ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ cmPyß-fnse am[ya\nb-{¥WcoXn-Iƒ hniI-e\w sNøp-∂p.

H∂m-a-[ym-bw, ¢mkn-°¬ Imew apX¬ kZm-Nmcw (Morality) [m¿Ωn-I-X sabv 2016

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Xncn®pw Cu {]h-W-X ImWmw. ‘There is no such thing as bad publicity’ F∂-XmWv Ah-bpsS

hnizm-k-{]-am-Ww. "dnt∏m¿´nßnse kZmNmc'sa∂ aq∂ma[ymbw, am[yakzmX-{¥yw, BhnjvIm-c-kzmX-{¥yhpw {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-kzm-X{¥yhpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp≤yw XpSßnb Imcy-߃ N¿®-sN-øp-∂p. am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥y-sa-∂Xp am[y-a-ßfpsS ]c-am-[n-Imca√ (am\\„t°Acn-tÃm-´nsP. F-kv. anCΩm-\p-h¬ Im‚ v kn¬ Cub-Sp-Øp-≠mb C¥y≥ kp{]ow -tIm-SXn hn[n Hm¿Ωn-°p-I).

(Ethics) XpS-ßn-b-h-sb-°p-dn®p ]m›mXy-k-aq-l-ßDØc h mZ nX za n√ msX kzmX-{¥ytam Ah-Im-itam fn¬ \S∂ {][m-\- N¿®-Iƒ t{ImUo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

C√ F∂X mWp bmYm¿Yyw. P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw Acn-tÃm-´n¬, sP.F-kv.an¬, CΩm-\p-h¬ Im‚ v, ]ucmhI mi ß fpw, am[yakzmX-{¥yhpw a\p-jym-hhneyw tUhn-Uv tdmkv XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS kZm-Nmc Im-i-ßfpw XpS-ßnb hnj-b-ßfpw ChnsS N¿®aqey-hn-Nm-c-߃ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂ t{^mÃv, B[pbv°p hcp-∂p. s]mXp-P-\-Xm-Xv]cyw (Public interest) \nIam[ya{]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ [m¿Ωn-I-X-Øz-߃°v Ch-tbm-Sp≈ kmPm-Xy-ssh-Pm-Xy-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p- F∂-XmWp am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥ysØ \n¿h-Nn-°m-\p≈ ASn-ÿm-\-X-Øzw. enhn-k¨ dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp-∂∂p. Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-L-S-\m-XØz-߃°p Xs∂ Xp -t]mse, ‘A free press is a public good because it is B[m-c-amb tPm¨ tem-°v, tXmakv s]bv≥ XpS-ßnneeded for civic and common life’. am[ya[m¿Ωn-Ib-h-cpsS a\p-jym-h-Im-i-X-Øz-߃ t{^mÃv hni-IXbpsS B[m-c-XØzhpw as‰m-∂-√ F∂v t{^mÃv e\w sNøp-∂p-ap-≠v.

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p. c≠m-a-[ymbw "hm¿Ø'bpsS \n¿h-N-\-ß-fmWv. "Bsc√mamWv \√ am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿' {]kn-≤-amb Ht´sd -{K-Ÿ-ß-fnse hm¿Øm F∂t\zjn-°p-I-bmWp \mem-a-[ymbw. sXmgn¬]c\n¿hN\߃ kw{K-ln-°p∂ t{^mÃv, hnhn[ am[yamb \∑sb∂Xp kmt¶-XnIw am{X-amb H∂-√. a-ß-fnepw cq]-ß-fnepw \ne-\n¬°p∂ hm¿ØCΩm\ ph Im‚ v kqNn-∏n-°p∂, ‘rules of skill, Iƒ°v am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-XtbmSp≠m-tI≠ ASn-ÿm-\counsels of prudence, or commands of morality’ ]-c-amb _‘w hnh-cn-°p-∂p. hm¿Ø-Iƒ, tKmkn∏v F∂nh b mtWm am[ya-{]-h¿Ø-Isc anI-®-h-cm^o®-dp-Iƒ F∂n-hbv°p {_n´-\nse {][m\]{X-ß°pI? t{^mÃv hni-I-e\w sNøp-∂p. fn-ep≈ {]mXn\n[ysØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hni-Z-amb A]{K-Y\w Cub-[ym-b-Øn-ep-≠v. ]{X-ß-fpsS {]Nmcw kXyw, IrXy-X, hkvXp-\n-jvT-X, hnizmkw IqSpt¥mdpw tKmkn-∏ns‚ Afhpw IqSpw. t\tc F∂o \mep- L-S-I-߃ ]cn-tim-[n®v

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am[ya{]h¿Ø-\w, am[y-a-ÿm-]\w F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®p-]-\y-kn-°p-∂p, A©m-a-[ymbw. Cu LS-I-ß-tfmSp≈ Iqdpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw {]Xn-_-≤-X-bp-amWv am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-Xsb \n¿W-bn-°pI F∂v Ht´sd DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw amXr-I-Ifpw ap≥\n¿Øn hni-Zo-Icn-°p∂p {KŸ-Im-c≥. "kzIm-cy-Xbpw AXn-te-°p≈ IS-∂p-I-b‰hpw' F∂XmWv Bdm-a-[ymbØns‚ hnjbw. c≠mw tem-I-bp-≤m-\-¥-c-amWv -hy-‡n-I-fpsS Pohn-XØn-te°v Hfn™pw sXfn™pw IS-∂p-I-b-dp∂ am[y-a-kw-kvImcw hym]-I-amb-Xv. kzIm-cy-X-bv°mbp≈ Ah-Im-iw, a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {]ap-J-ambn amdn. \nb-a-]-chpw `c-W-]-chpw [m¿anIhpw kZm-Nm-c-]-c-hp-amb Xe-ß-fn¬ kzIm-cyX kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂v Dd∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ am[y-a߃°p Ign-b-Ww. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠n¬ CtX-°p-dn-®p≠mb \nba\n¿am-W-ß-fpsS Ncn{Xw t{^mÃv Ah-X-cn-∏n°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v, AXn-te°p≈ IS-∂p-I-b-‰-Øns‚ hnim-e-amb A¿∞Xe-߃ A]-{K-Yn-°p-∂p. samWmt°m cmP-Ip-am-cn-bpw \thm-an- Imw]vs_epw Dƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-hcpsS IY-Iƒ DZm-l-cn®v Cu hnjbw ka¿∞n-°m≥ t{^mÃn\p Ign-bp-∂p. am\yX/BZ-c-hv (Reputation)-F-∂-XmWv Ggm-a[ym-bw. hy‡n°p kaq-l-Ønep≈ am\yX/BZ-c-hv am-\n°m\pw kwc-£n-°m\pw If¶-s∏-SpØmXncn-°m\pw am[ya-߃°p≈ _m[y-X-bmWv ChnsS N¿®sNø-s∏-Sp∂-Xv. am[y-a߃s°Xntc, am\-\-„w (defamation) F∂ \ne-bn¬ \nc-¥-c-ap≠mIp∂ \nb-a-]-c-amb Bt£-]-ß-fpsS ]›m-Øew Cu a\p-jym-h-Imihpw [m¿ΩnIaqey-hp-am-Wv. C\n-bp≈ \me-[ym-b-߃, aq∂m-a-[ym-b-ØnN¿®-sNbvX dnt∏m¿´nßnse kZm-Nm-c-]-c-X-bpsS XpS¿®-bm-Wv. hm¿Øm-ti-J-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ F´m-a-[ym-bw, hnhn-[-t{km-X- p-I-fn¬ \n∂p am[y-a߃ hm¿Ø tiJ-cn-°p-∂-Xnse kZm-Nmc˛ [m¿ΩnIacym-Z-Iƒ (-H-fn-Im-ad apX¬ t^m¨ tNm¿Ø¬ hsc) hni-I-e\w sNøp-tºmƒ Nne khn-tijhn`m-K-ßsf°pdn-®p≈ dnt∏m¿´nßnkw`-hn-°m-hp∂ am[yaZpcp-]-tbm-K-sØ°pdn-®m-Wv Hº-Xm-a-[ym-bw. hnti-jn®p Ip´n-Iƒ, `n∂-tijn°m¿, ssewKn-I-]o-U-\-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Zpc-¥-ßfpsS Cc-Iƒ, \yq\]£ßƒ..... XpS-ßnbhsc°pdn®p≈ dnt∏m¿´p-I-fn¬ D≠m-Imhp∂

A[m¿ΩnIkao-]-\-ß-sf- Ip-dn®v. taev]-d™ Hmtcm hn`m-K-Øn\pw kaqlw Dd∏p\¬Ip∂ kwc£-W-w am[y-a-߃ an°-t∏mgpw ad-∂p-I-f-bp∂Xns‚ hn]p-e-amb amXr-I-Iƒ ]T\ØneqsS AhXcn∏n°p∂p. {]kn-≤o-I-cWØn\p/ kwt{]-j-W-Øn\p Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xnse [m¿Ωn-I-X-bmWv ASpØ A[ym-b-Ønse N¿®m-hn-j-bw. F¥p {]kn-≤o-Icn°-Ww, F¥p {]kn≤oIcn-°m-Xn-cn-°Ww F∂ Xnc-s™-Sp∏p hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ H∂m-W-t√m. am[ya-߃ kr„n-°m-hp∂ \m\m-Xcw lm\n-I-sf-°p-dn®mWv ]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-[ymbw. am[yakzmX-{¥y-sa∂m¬ F¥pw Fß-s\bpw Bhn-jvI-cn-°m--\p-≈X√. \·-X, ssewKn-I-X, Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃, A«o-ew, A‘-hn-izm-k-߃, h¿Ko-b-X, hwi-shdn XpS-ßnb

F{X-sb-¶nepw taJ-e-I-fn¬ am[y-a-߃ ]pe¿tØ≠ kmaqlnI Pm{K-X- ChnsS N¿®sNøs∏-Sp-∂p.

"C‚¿s\‰pw am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw' F∂XmWp ]{¥-≠m-a-[ym-bw. C‚¿s\‰v˛ \h˛ kmaqlnI-am-[y-a-߃ kr„n-°m-hp∂ A[m¿Ωn-I-X-I-sf°p-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Ifpw kqN-\-I-fpw kn‰n-k¨ tP¿W-enkw, C‚dmIvSnhn‰n, tkmjy¬ ao-Unb dnt∏m¿´nMv, aoUnb I¨h¿P≥kv XpS-ßn-b-h-bpambn _‘-s∏´p \ne-\n¬°p∂ hnj-b-ß-fpsS N¿®. C‚¿s\‰v F∂ t{kmX- ns‚ hnizm-ky-Xbpw B[n-Im-cn-I-X-bp-amWv Hcp]t£ h¿Ø-am-\Imeam[y-a-a-fiew Db¿Øp∂ G‰hpw ImX-emb {]iv\-ß-fn-sem∂v. ]c-º-cm-K-X˛ B[p-\nIam[y-a߃°p≈ "{]h¿Ø\' acym-Z-Itfm s]cp-am‰®´ßtfm _m[-I-a-√mØ C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ ÿnXn-sb-°pdn®v enhn-k¨ IΩn‰n henb tNmZy-߃ Xs∂ D∂-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. sabv 2016

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S

SMALL FISH IN A BIG POND

ince internet material is self-generated and widely available, a small organisation can put out masses of material and make itself appear to be a big player with more influence than its real power base. A number of organisations have now realized that this is an ideal way to contact young, literate, moderately wealthy individuals. Cult religions, political and religious extremists, as well as small but financially strong pressure groups, are starting to use the internet to attract this key audience which is growing by thousands every day- For instance, evolution theory creation had attracted support among fundamentalist Christians in the southern states in the US before and since the Scopes monkey trial. A law proposing equal time for creation-science and evolution-science in Arkansas school was opposed by individual plaintiffs, who included the resident Arkansas Bishops of the United Methodist, Episcopal, Roman Catholic and African Methodist Episcopal Churches, the principal official of the Presbyterian Churches in Arkansas, other United Methodist, Southern Baptist and Presbyterian clergy, as well as several persons who was sued as parents and friends of minor children attending Arkansas public schools. Oraganisations included the American Jewish Congress, the Union

of American Hebrew Congregations, the American Jewish Committee, the Arkansas Education Association, the National Association of Biology Teachers and the National Coalition for Public Education and Religious Liberty. The plaintiffs won their case to have evolution taught as the main theory of human development in those schools.

Yet a quick search on the internet using the word ‘creation’ produced more than 27, 70, 00, 000 hits in favour of creation-biology compared with 34, 40, 00, 000 for evolution. While a number of these would have been critical rather than supportive on both sides, a small but determined minority had been able to build up their pet theories to appear far more widely believed than they really are.

Cu `mKsØ Ah-km\m[ymbw N¿®-sN-øp∂Xv s{]m^-j-W¬ [m¿Ωn-I-X-bpsS `mK-sa∂ \nebn-ep≈ Nne hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wv. hm¿Øm-t{km-X- pIfpw _‘-ßfpw kw_-‘n®p ]men-t°≠ cl-kymfl-I-Xbpw hnizm-ky-Xbpw, A`n-ap-J-ß-fn¬ ]ment°≠ acym-Z-Ifpw XØz-ßfpw, am[ya{]h¿ØI\p≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ B¿÷-hw... F∂n-ß-s\. c≠mw `mK-Øp≈ F´-[ym-b-߃ "\nb-{¥Ww' F∂ hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv. \nb-{¥Whpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘hpw ChbpsS e£y-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv t{^mÃv XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. "\nb-{¥W'ÿm]-\-߃, hyh-ÿIƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS hni-Ie\w ]n∂oSp hcp-∂p. kmt¶-Xn-Ihpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw cm{„o-b-hp-amb

am[ya\nb-{¥-W-ß-fmWp {][m-\-am-bp-≈-Xv. \mepIm-c-W-߃ sIm≠v am[y-a-\n-b-{¥-W-߃ Bh-iyam-sW∂p t¢mZv ˛ Po≥˛ s_¿{Sm≥Uv Nq≠n-°m-Wn°p-∂p. hmWn-Py-hXvI-cWw, IpØI DS-a-ÿ-X, hm¿Øm-aq-ey-ß-fpsS XI¿®, hm¿Ø-I-fpsS XakvI-cWw F∂n-h-bmWv Cu Imc-W-߃ (Frost 2016, 247). "am[y-a-\n-b-{¥W'sa∂ hnj-b-Øns‚ N¿®-bn¬ s]mXpth Db¿∂p-h-cm-dp≈ Hcp X¿°w t{^mÃpw D∂-bn-°p-∂p. am[y-a-߃ kzbw \nb-{¥n°p-I-bmtWm `c-W-IqSw am[y-a-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-IbmtWm th≠Xv F∂-XmWv B X¿°w.

ASpØ A[ymbw N¿®-sN-øp-∂Xv A®-Sn am[ya-cw-KsØ \nb-{¥-W-ß-fpsS Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m≠nse Ncn-{X-am-Wv. {]kv Iu¨kn-ep-Iƒ, {]kv

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Iwπbv‚ v Iao-j-\p-Iƒ XpS-ßnb-h-bpsS A]-{K-Y-\w. C¥y-bnte-Xp -t]mse Xs∂ ]{X-cwKsØ hnhn[ t{iWn-I-fpsS kwL-S-\-Iƒ (D-S-a-Iƒ, FUn-‰¿am¿, am[y-a-{]-h¿ØI¿....) {_n´-\n-ep-ap-≠v. am[y-aß-fpsS kzmX-{¥yhpw DØ-chm-Zn-Xzhpw Htckabw \S-∏nhcp-ØpI-˛ H‰hm-Iy-Ønkw{K-ln-®m¬ CXmWp am[y-a\n-b-{¥-W-ß-fpsS e£yhpw XmXv]-cy-hpw. CXn-eqsS am{Xw \S-∏m-°p-∂-XmWp am[y-a[m¿Ωn-IX F∂p-IqSn Hm¿Øm¬ {KŸØn¬ Cu hnj-b-߃ c≠pw H∂n®p N¿®sNøp-∂-Xns‚ kmwKXyw a\- n-em-Ipw. Ccp-]-sØm∂mw \q‰m-≠nse ]{X-\n-b{¥W\nb-a-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-amWv ASpØ A[ym-bw. enhn-k¨ dnt∏m¿´v Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈h ChnsS AXnZo¿L-ambn Ah-tem-I\w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. kzbw \nb-{¥-W-am¿KßfpsS ]cm-Pbw Nq≠n-°mWn-®p-sIm-≠mWv enhn-k¨ dnt∏m¿´v XpS-ßp-∂-XpXs∂. ‘News of the World hnhmZØns‚ XpS¿N-cn-{X߃ t{^mÃv khn-kvXcw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. t{_mUvImÃv \nb-{¥-W-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-amWv ASpØ A[ym-bw. 1930 Ifnse _n._n.kn tdUntbm sXm´v UnPn-‰¬ sSen-hn-j≥ Imew hscbp-≈h Cu N¿®-bn¬ hcp-∂p. am[y-a-߃°m-bp≈ s]cp-am-‰-®-´-߃ hni-Z-ambhtem-I\w sNøp-∂p, ]Xn-s\-´m-a-[ym-bw. {_n´-\nepw Ab¿em-≥Un-ep-ap≈ ]{X-\n-b-{¥-W-hy-h-ÿ-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ASpØ A[ym-bw. tdmb¬ Nm¿´-dp-Iƒ, {]kv Iu¨kn-epIƒ, {]kv Iw-πbv‚ v Iao-j≥ F∂n-h- sXm´v C‚¿s\‰v hm®v ^ut≠-j≥ hsc-bp-≈h ap≥\n¿Øn t{^mÃv hnjbw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

Ccp cmPy-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ t{_mUvIm-Ãv \n-b{¥Wkwhn-[m-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv Ccp-]-Xm-a-[ymbw. _n._n-.kn-.bmWv Cu N¿®-bn¬ hni-I-e\w sNøs∏-Sp∂ {]apJÿm]-\w. Ata-cn-°-bnepw ]Sn-™md≥ bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ am[ya\nb{¥W{Ia-ß-fpsS s]mXphmb Ah-temI\amWv Ah-km\m[ym-bw. bp.-F≥.˛ bqtdm-]y≥ a\p-jym-hImiktΩ-f-\-ßfpw Ah-bnse {]Jym-]-\-ßfpw apX¬ a\p-jym-h-Im-i-߃°p \nbaw aqew kwc£Ww Dd∏p \¬ImØ cmPy-ß-fnse Ah-ÿ-Iƒ hsc ChnsS At\z-jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. a\x]q¿Δtam A√m-sXtbm sIm√-s∏´ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I-cpsS IW-°p-Iƒ hsc-bp≠v, ChnsS. 2003˛ 2013 Zi-I-

Øn¬ 1467 am[ya {]h¿Ø-I-cmWp temI-sØm´msI sIm√-s∏-´-Xv ! enhn-k¨ dnt∏m¿´v, CX-c-cm-Pyß-fnse am[ya \nb-{¥-W-X-Øz-߃ IqSn D≤-cn®mWp {_n´ojv am[yaNcn-{X-Øn¬ hnπ-h-I-c-amb am‰-߃ kr„n-°m≥ t]m∂ ]T\w \S-Øn-bn´p≈Xv. Ht´sd A\p-_-‘-ß-fp≠v Cu {KŸ-Øn¬.

Hmtcm∂pw hnhn-[- am-[yaÿm]\-ßfpw am[ya\nb{¥Wkan-Xn-Ifpw cq]w sImSpØ s]cp-am-‰-®-´-ß-fmWv. _n.-_n.kn. apX¬ A¥m-cm{„tP¿WenÃv s^U-td-j\pw \mj-W¬ bqWn-b≥ Hm^v tP¿WenÃpw hsc-bp≈hbpsS N´-߃. am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°m-I-s´, am[y-a-]-Tn-Xm°ƒ°m-I-s´, am[ya[m¿Ωn-I-X-sb∂ hnj-b-sØ C{X- ]c∏nepw ka-{K-X-bnepw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ as‰mcp {KŸw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m-\n-√. {_n´ojv am[ya-\n-b-a-ß-fp-sSbpw kw`-h-ß-fp-sSbpw ]›m-Ø-eØn¬ cNn-®-Xm-sW-¶nepw s]mXpth A¥mcm{„XØz-ß-fpw aqey-hn-Nm-c-ßfpw ]n¥p-S-cp∂ am[yakwkvIm-c-Øns‚ hen-sbmcp km∂n[yw Cu {KŸ-Øn-ep-≠v. am[yakzmX-{¥yw-˛-a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw-˛P-\m-[n]Xy]c-amb am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø\w F∂o aqe°√p-Iƒ sIm≠p sI´n-s∏m-°n-b, Atß-b‰w {]k‡-amb Hcp {]amW{KŸ-am-Wn-Xv; shdp-samcp ]T-\{K-Ÿtam ]mT-]p-kvX-Itam am{X-a-√.

Journalism:Ethics and Regulation Chris Frost Routledge, 2016 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

{ioi-¶c k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bn¬ ae-bmfw A[ym-]-I\mWv teJ-I≥.

E-mail: shajijacob67@gmail.com. sabv 2016

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Doyen’s Pen

TOMS’ Beware Kids return from military service he opted for pen as his weapon and social injustices his target. His elder brother Peter Thomas, who had been a cartoonist with Sanker’s weekly, was his inspiration behind drawings. Toms started his career in 1950 through Satyadeepam, a catholic journal, moved to Kerala Kaumudy and finally anchored in Malayala Manorama, the leading media house of India.

V

adakkel Thoppil Thomas (6 June 1929-28 April 2016) also known as Toms could rightly be called the patriarch of new age cartooning in Malayalam media industry. Outlived by his characters, Toms gave a new dimension for political satire and social criticism through calculated sketches and sharp retorts.

His pen lent humour a rustic touch and middle class appeal and they were well appreciated by the Keralite community.

Toms

Toms was born to Vadakkel Thoppil Kunjuthomman Kunjuthomman and Sicily Thomas on 6 June 1929 in Kuttanad (Veliyanad) of Alappuzha District. He graduated from SB College Changanacherry and later joined army in capacity as an electrician which he didn’t continue much. On

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Toms created the character Boban and Molly based on two real life persons of the same name.

They were two children from his neighborhood and he discovered them in his 30’s. Boban and Molly made their appearance first in the cartoon column of Sathyadeepam.

Later the characters became more popular through Malayala Manorama.

Toms joined Malayala Manorama, as a cartoonist in 1961, and worked there till retiring as an assistant editor in June 1987. After leaving Malayala Manorama, he started publishing the strip in the magazine Kalakaumudi, against which the Manorama went to court.

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The High Court of Kerala though granted Manorama with the ownership of the title, allowed Toms to continue creating further stories with the same characters in the lead role. He later started his own publication titled Toms Comics.

Toms also created other characters which appeared along with Boban and Molly, representing several other walks of contemporary society. They are Boban and Molly’s parents, Ittunnan Chettan- the foolish president of the Kizhukkamthookku grampachayat, wife of Ittunnan Chettan known as “Chettathi” and a hippie in the village.

Another ever present character is the dog owned by the Pothan family.

In 2006, an animation film was also released based on Boban and Molly. Autobiography of Toms, titled Ente Bobanum Moliyum was released on December 29, 2015 by actor Mammooty. He died on 27 April 2016 at Kottayam.

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"t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' t‰mwkpw ]ns∂ Rm\pw cmPp\mb¿

t‰mwkns\ {]ikvX Im¿´q-WnÃv cmPp\m-b¿ A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p

H

cp Im¿´q¨ hc-bv°pI A{X henb Imcya√. {]Xn-`-bp≈ Im¿´q-Wn-Ãp-Iƒ Zo¿L-\mƒ hcXpScp-∂tXm at\m-l-c-Nn{Xo-I-cWw \S-Øp-∂tXm thK-Øn¬ hc-bv°p-∂-tXm F√mw k¿Δkm[m-c-W-w.

AXn\p hc-tbm-Sp≈ XmXv]-cyhpw Iptd £abpw A[zm-\hpw aXn-bm-Ipw. ]t£, Hcp Im¿´q¨ ]c-ºc ]e Xe-ap-d-Isf ckn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS \¿ΩNn¥m[m-c-Isf kzm[o-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gmWv AsXmcp kw`-h-ambn amdp-∂-Xv. Aßs\ Icp-Xptºmƒ t‰mwkns‚ "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' ae-bmf lmkycwKsØ Hcp ¢mknIv krjvSn-bm-sW∂p ]dtb≠n hcpw. ckn-Icpw _p≤n-imenI-fp-amb c≠p Ip´n-I-fpsS \njvI-f¶Ipkr-Xn-I-fn¬ Du∂n-bm-bn-cp∂p B Im¿´qWns‚ XpS°w. t‰mwkns‚ Ip´-\m´nse hoSn\p kao]-Øp≈ Ipdp-º-∑m-cmb Ip´n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p t_m_s‚bpw tamfnbpsSbpw amXr-I-Iƒ. Ahcpƒ∏sS B ]w‡n-bnse IYm-]m-{X-ßsf an°hscbpw t‰mwkv Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂p Xs∂bmWp Is≠ØnbXv. F∂m¬ F√m IpX-{¥-ß-fpsSbpw Ah-km-\-hm°mb cmjv{Sob-t\-Xm-hns‚ cq]w At±lw sa\-™Xv GsX-¶nepw Hcm-fn¬ \n∂-√, tIc-f-Ønse {]i-kvX-cmb Ggp cmjv{So-b-°m-cpsS Ah-b-h-`mK߃ (Hcm-fpsS aoi, thsdmcmfpsS aq°v, as‰m-cm-fpsS apSn .... F∂nß-s\) tN¿Øm-Wv. Pohn-X-Øn\n∂p Is≠-Ønb tamUens‚ cq]hpw Nn√d `mhßfpw kzoI-cn-°p-sa¶nepw ]ns∂ Hmtcm IYm]m-{X-tØbpw tamƒUp sNøp-∂Xp Iem-Im-c\mWv. Abmƒ Nn{Xo-I-cn°p∂ Hmtcm knt‰zj\nepw IYm-]m{Xw kzoIcn-°p∂ \ne-]m-Spw Ub-

tem-KpamWv AbmfpsS kz`m-hhpw hy‡n-Xzhpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. t_m_-\mtWm tamfn-bmtWm IqSp-X¬ IpkrXn F∂p Is≠-Øm-\mbn sNdp-∏Øn¬ Rm≥ Im¿´q¨ {i≤m-]q¿hw \nco-£n-®n´p≠v. tamfn-°mWp IqSp-X¬ _p≤nbpw hnth-I-hpsa-∂mWv A∂sØ Fs‚ Is≠-ج. AXp t‰mwkv Adn™p sNbvXncp∂-Xm-tWm F∂dn-bn-√. ]pXnb IYm-]m-{X-߃ IS∂phcnIbpw IpSpw_˛kmaqlnIhnj-b-ßfpw H∏w cmjv{So-bhpw t_m_\pw tamfn-bpw F∂ ]c-º-cbn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n®p XpS-ßpIbpw sNbvXtXmsS Ip´n-Iƒ°p ]pdta apXn¿∂-hcpw Cu ]w‡nbnte°v BI¿jn°s∏´p. IYm-]m-{X-ßsf Is≠-Øn-bXpt]mse BgvN-tXmdpw apS-ßmsX hc-bv°m≥ Bi-b-߃ Is≠-tØ-≠Xpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv. hmb-\, bm{X, kplrZvkw-Ka߃ Aßs\ ]e am¿§ßfneqsS At±-l-a-Xn\p hgn Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. 1980Zo]n-I-bn¬ tPmenbmbn tIm´-bØp h∂ Rm≥ BZyw Xma-kn-®Xv sh´w amWn-bpsS temUvPn-em-bncp∂p. Im¿´q-Wn-ÃmsW∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ amWn-km¿ t‰mwkp-am-bp≈ \o≠ kulr-Z-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d™p. CubnsS sdbn¬th tÃj-\nRßsfm∂n®p I≠-t∏mƒ s{Sbn≥ sshIp-∂-Xn-t\-

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(42) °p-dn®v Rs\mcp ^enXw ]d-™p: ""{Xo S-b¿ h≠nbt√, AXn¬ Hcp Sb¿ ]©-dm-bn-°mWpw'' F∂v.

At±-l-aXp Ipdn-®p-h-®n-´p-≠v, ASpØ "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw-'hcp-tºmƒ {]Xo-£n-°mw. ]ns∂ AXp icn-bm-tWm F-∂-dn-bm-\mbncp∂p Fs‚ IuXp-Iw. H∂pc≠mgvN hmcnI t\m°n-bn´pw ^enXw I≠n-√. sh´w amWn-km-dns‚ ]pfp-sh∂p Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂t∏mƒ ASpØ e°w hmcn-I-bn¬ Hcp sskUv hn‰mbn AXp sh´w I≠p. hmcnI aq∂p e°w AUzm≥kmbn A®-Sn°p-∂-XmWp Xami ]pdØp hcm≥ Xma-k-n®Xns‚ Imc-Ww. t‰mwkns‚ Im¿´q-Wnse hcbpw Bi-bhpw knºn-fm-Wv, F∂m¬ ]h¿^p-≈m-Wv. Hcp s{^bnanse ^enXw {]Im-in-∏n-°m-\p≈ hc-Itf D≠m-Iq. ka-b-amWp hnj-b-sa-¶n¬ hepXm-sbmcp t¢m°√msX a‰p ^¿Wn-®-sdm∂pw ImWn√, Nn{Xw tamSn Iq´m≥ A\m-h-iy-amb Hcp hc t]mep-an-Sn-√. ^enXw AhXcn-∏n-°p∂ IYm-]m-{X-Øns‚ tZjyw, k¶Sw, s]mß®w, Aafn F∂n-ßs\bp≈ aqUv kqNn-∏n-°p∂ BIvj\p-Iƒ°p {]m[m\yw sImSp°pw. Ia‚-pIƒ Im®n-°p-dp°n FSp-Øn-cn-°pw. ck-®-c-Sn¬ Xqßn {Iam-\pKX-ambn ss¢am-Ivknte°p \oßp∂ kv{Sn∏v Im¿´q-Wns‚ Hmtcm s{^bnapw t‰mwkv sk‰p-sN-øp-∂Xv A]mcanI-thmsS-bm-Wv. sP¿°n-√msX Hcp B\n-ta-j≥ kn\na ImWp∂ {]Xo-Xn-bm-Wv AXp krjvSn-°pI. Im¿´qWns‚ X\Xp i‡n-bmb AXn-i-tbm-‡nbpw AXyp‡nbpw ka¿∞-ambn D]tbm-Kn® Im¿´q-WnÃmWp t‰mwkv. aq∂m-dnse ae-ap-I-fn¬ Ign™ncp∂ F\n°p Xo¿Øpw A]-cn-NnX-am-bn-cp∂ Ip´-\m-´nse sh≈hpw h≈hpw sXßpw sh≈-s∏m-°hpsa√mw-.

Ah F∂n¬ A¤p-Xhpw Bth-ihpw \nd-®n-cp-∂p.

Hcp ^m‚kn ]m¿°n-se-Ønb ck-Ic - a - mb A\p-`h - amWv Hmtcm "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' kΩm-\n-®n-cp-∂X - v.

Im¿´q¨ cN-\-bpsS \o≠ hgn-I-fn¬ t‰mwkv ]eXcw Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶nepw At±lØns‚ ta¬hn-emkw "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' Xs∂-bm-Wv. IpSpw_˛kmaqlnIhnj-b-߃ Ah-Xcn-∏n-°p∂ ]e s{^bn-ap-I-fp≈ kv{Sn∏v Im¿´q-WpIfnemWv At±-l-Øns‚ anIhp IqSp-X¬ {]I-S-ambXv. t_m_\pw tamfn°pw ]pdta ]e kml-N-cyßfn¬ _m_p kmen, DÆn°p-´≥, D∏m-bn-amπ XpSßnb kv{Sn∏p-Iƒ sNbvsX-¶nepw Ah-bvs°m∂pw thdn-s´mcp A\p-`qXn Ah-Im-is - ∏Sm\n-√.

F¨]XpIfnse ss]¶nfn {]kn-≤o-I-c-WßfpsS hk-¥-Im-eØv F√m hmcn-I-Ifpw "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' t]msemcp Im¿´q¨ sImXn-®p.B¨˛s]¨ Ip´n-Isf apJyIYm-]m-{X-ßfm°n ]e hmcn-I-Ifpw Im¿´q¨ XpS-ßn-b-tXmsS t_m_\pw tamfn°pw Ht´sd ]mc-Un-I-fp-ap-≠m-bn. \ne-hm-c-an√mØ AØcw krjvSn-Iƒ \nc-∂-t∏m-gmWv thdn´p \n¬°p∂ t_m_\pw tamfnbpw- F∂ Im¿´q-Wns‚

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auen-I-X- \ap°p IqSp-X¬ t_m[y-s∏-´Xv. Zo]nI hmcn-I Ft∂m-Sm-h-iy-s∏-´Xpw t_m_\pw tamfnbpw t]msemcp Im¿´q-Wm-Wv. B a´n¬ Hcp Im¿´q-Wp-≠m°n t_m_s‚bpw tamfnbpsSbpw Gg-b-eØv FØm-\m-In-s√∂p t_m[y-ap≈-Xp-sIm≠v Rm\m kml-k-Øn\p Xp\n-™n-√. ]Icw t‰mwkns‚ amÿ ]oknse Nncnbpw Ac-hnμs‚ "sNdnb a\p-jycpw henb temIhpw' F∂ Im¿´q¨ ]w‡nbnse Nn¥bpw kam-kaw tN¿Øv Hcp t^m¿ap-e-bn¬ "amth-en-\mSv' Fs∂mcp ]co-£W-Øn-\mWp Rm≥ Xp\n-™-Xv. B[p-\nIImeØp "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' ho≠pw {]k-‡-am-Ip-∂Xv kz¥w IYm-]m-{X-Øns‚ ]I¿∏-h-ImiØn-\mbn Hcp Iem-Im-c≥ \S-Ønb t]mcm-´-Øns‚ t]cn-emWv. AtXm-sS-bmWv Hcp Iemkr-jvSn-bn¬ Iem-Im-c-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-sØ-°pdn®v IqSp-X¬ Ah-t_m[w \m´n-ep-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. IemImc-∑mcpw Iemkvt\-ln-Ifpw A∂v t‰mwkn\p ]n∂n¬ Dd®p \n∂p. cmPyw apgp-h≥ {i≤ t\Snb tIkm-bn-cp∂p AXv. temIIm¿´q-Wp-I-sf-°p-dn®v G‰-hp--a-[nIw ]T\w \S-Øn-bn-´p≈ tPm¨ F se‚ v tIc-f-Øn-se-Ønb Ahk-c-Øn¬ t_m_\pw tamfnbpw˛tI-kmWv At±lw hni-Z-ambn ]Tn-®Xv. B tIkns‚ Hcp KpW-t`m-‡m-hmWp Rm≥. tIkv \S-°p∂ ka-b-ØmWp ae-bmfw "FIkv{]kv' hmcn-I-bn¬ "k¨tU- ¢∫v' F∂ t]cn-¬ Rm≥ hc-®n-cp∂ Im¿´q¨ ]w‡n \n¿ØnbXv. F∂m¬ a‰m-fp-Isf h®v AhcXp XpS¿∂pw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. ]I¿∏-h-Imi\nba {]Imcw Rm\h¿s°-Xntc tIkp-sIm-Sp-Øp. t‰mwkn\v A\p-Iq-eambn In´nb sslt°m-S-Xn-bpsS CS-°me DØ-chns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Fs‚ Bhiyw AwKo-Icn®p hn[n-bp≠mbn. kwKoX koUn-bpsS ]I¿∏-hImi\nb-aw Nq≠n-°m-´nbmWv FIvkv{]kv h°oChnsS hmZn-®-Xv. A∂v ]I¿∏-h-Imi\nb-asØ-°pdn-®v th≠{X ]cn-⁄m\w Ic-ÿ-am-°nbncp∂ t‰mwkns‚ A`n-`m-j-I≥ sk_m-Ãy≥ t]mfm-Wv F\n°p th≠n lmP-cm-b-Xv. t‰mwkv ae-bmf at\m-c-a-bn¬ \n∂p ]ncn-™tijw t‰mwkv tImanIvkv F∂ t]cn¬ kz¥ambn lmky {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-߃ Cd-°n-Øp-S-ßn. XpS-°Øn¬ Ah h≥ hnP-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nne {]kn-≤o-I-cW-ß-fpsS D]-tZ-i-I-\mbn Rm\∂v Ah-tcm-sSm∏w {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. B ka-b-ØmWv t‰mw-kp-ambn IqSp-X¬ CS-]-g-Im≥ Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-b-Xv. BZyIme]{X-{]-h¿Ø\coXn-Ifpw Im¿´q¨ {]h¿Ø\m\p-`-h-ßfpw A∂t±lw ]¶p-h-®n-cp-∂p.

Im¿´q¨ hc t]mse Xs∂ ck-I-c-ambn IY ]dbm\pw At±-lØn\p \√ ssh`-h-ap-≠v.

Iºyq-´¿-˛-sam-ss_¬-˛-t^-kv_p°ns‚ B[p\nI Ime-L-´-hp-ambn A{X hg-ßmØ t‰mwkn\v \yq sP≥ Xe-ap-d-bn-te°v A[nIw Cd-ßm-\m-bn√.

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t‰mwkv A¥-cn-®-t∏mƒ tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bnse sSen-hn-j≥ tP¿W-enkw hnZym¿∞n-bmb Aao¿ ]n.-sI. hc® Nn{Xw

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bnse tP¿W-enkw & Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥ hnZym¿∞n-bmb A\p-cmKv ]n.-]n. hc® Nn{Xw

AXm-bXv At±-lØns‚ sIm®p-a-°-fpsS Xe-apdbv°v H∂pw sImSp-°m-\n-√mØ Ah-ÿ. AXn-s\adn-I-S-°m≥ F\n-s°mcp Bibw tXm∂n-bXv Rm≥ ]e-tcmSpw (t‰mwkn-t\mSv HgnsI) ]d™n´p≠v. AXv CXm-Wv: t‰mwkns‚ IYm-]m-{X-ßsf tZiob kzØmbn {]Jym-]n-°-Ww. F∂n´v AXXp ImesØ- lmky-{]-Xn-`-Ifpw Im¿´q-Wn-Ãp-Ifpw ]p-Ø≥ {]h-W-X-Iƒ Dƒs°m≠v kv{In]-v‰p-≠m°n -G‰hpw ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°mbn "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' Ah-X-cn∏n°Ww. AX-ßs\ XpS-c-Ww. kn\n-a, {XoUn, A\n-ta-j≥ th¿j-\p-I-fp-ambn temIsaßpw ]S-c-Ww. B {kjvSmhp acn-®n´pw Bfp-Iƒ

amdn-amdn kv{In]v‰v Fgp-Xnbpw hc®pw XpS-cp∂ ^m‚w, am≥t{U°v XpS-ßnb tImanIv IYm-]m-{Xßsf-t∏mse "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' F∂p-an-hnsS \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠mIpw. AXns‚ {kjvSmhv F∂ \ne-bn¬ t‰mwkv Fs∂∂pw kvacn°-s∏-Spw. At∏mƒ Hcp "Sn‚p tam\pw' \m´n-en-d-ßm≥ ss[cy-s∏-SmsX "t_m_\pw tamfnbpw' tIc-fØns‚, ae-bm-fn-bpsS sF°¨ Bbn amdpIbpw sNøpambn-cp∂p. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Zo]nI Zn\-]-{X-Øns‚ Im¿´q-Wn-ÃmWp teJ-I≥.

E-mail: rajunair13@gmail.com sabv 2016

(44)

kvtImf¿ C≥ Imºkv

kwKo-Xao Pohn-Xw... sPdn Aa¬tZhv

hm

]n. `mkvIc - ≥ amÿ BIs´ A\pKrlo-X-\mb Ihn-bpw Akm-[m-cW-amb hg-°a - p≈ Km\-cN - b - n-Xm-hpamWv. Ihn-Xbpw Km\hpw c≠m-W.v Ata-cn-°-bn¬ I©m-h-Sn®pw knK-c‰p hen®pw aØ-Sn-®n-cn-°p∂ ayqkn-j≥kv D≠v. kwKoX Iº\n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS ]m´p-Iƒ dnt°m ¿Up sNbvXn´p \∂mbn am¿°‰v sNøp-∂p. Aßs\ temI-ØnF√m-bn-SØpw B ]m´p-Iƒ tIƒ °p∂p. Ata-cn-°≥ t]m∏v Kmb-I¿ tÃPn¬ Ibdn sNøp∂ Imcy-߃ \ap°p sNøm- \ m- h n√. Um≥kv sNbvXp ]mSm≥ ]‰n-√. Um≥kv sNbvXp-sIm≠p ]mSm≥ Bh-iys∏-Sp-I-bmWv Nne Nm\¬ Ub-dIvS¿am¿. kwKo-X-sØ Atß-b‰w {hW- s ∏- S p- Ø p∂ coXn- b mWnXv .

AXp hfsc k¶- S - I - c amWv. ayqknIv Iwt]mkv sNøp- ∂ - X ns‚ ]n∂nse cl-ky-sa-s¥∂p tNmZn®m¬ hmkvX- h - Ø nF\n-°d - n-bn-√. Hcp IY ]dbmw. t_mws_-bn¬ h®v lco- { μ- \ mYv NtXm- ] m[ymb F∂ _wKm-fn-bmb Cw•ojv Ihn-bp-ambn ]cnN-b-s∏´ IY. ktcm-Pn\n \mbn-Up-hns‚ ktlm-Z-c\m-W-t±-lw.

R߃ XΩnImWp-tºmƒ 90 hb- p≠v tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zanbn¬ \S∂ "kvtImf¿ C≥ Imºkv' ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ayqknIv At±- l - Ø n- \ v . F\n°v ¢∫ns‚ DZvLm-S\w {]ikvX kwKoXkwhn-[m-b-I≥ sPdn Aa¬tZhv \n¿h-lnhnhm-l-k-Ωm-\-ambn °p-∂p. eIvNd¿ sI. tla-eX, Akn. sk{I-´dn sI.-B¿. {]tamZv Ipam¿, At±lw 20 \nanjw sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚-Wn, ^m°¬‰n AwKw tUm. ssa°nƒ ]pØ≥X-d, sIm≠v ]gb Hcp {]Wb C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Ub-d-IvS¿ Fw. cma-N-{μ≥ F∂n-h¿ kao-]w.

IhnX Hm¿sØ-gp-Xn-Ø∂ - p.

¿Ø-Ifpw hni-I-e-\-ßfpw ]c-kyhpw F√mw Bib hn\n-abw F∂ hnj-bØns‚ hnhn[ ssIhgn-I-fm-Wv. hmbvsam-gn-bneq-sSbpw hcsam-gn-bneq-sS-bp-ap≈ Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\w `mj-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ `mj Bh-iy-an-√mØ Bi-b-hn-\n-a-bhpw hnIm-c-hn-\n-a-b-hp-amWp kwKo-Xw. `mc-X-Øn¬ kwKo-X-Øn\p ]ucm-Wn-I-Imew apX¬ {]Nm-chpw {]m[m-\y-hp-ap-≠v.- b-h-\¿ kwKoXw ]Tn-°m-\mbn C¥y-bn¬ FØn-bn-cp∂Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. kwKoXw F∂p efn-X-ambn ]d-bp∂ hm°n\p henb A¿∞-ap-≠v. kwKo-X-Øns‚ A¿∞-a-dn-b-W-sa-¶n¬ C¥y-bpsS kwKoX ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ Bgw Adn-b-Ww. hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ kwKo-X-Øns‚ `mK-ß-fmWv CuWhpw hcnIfpw hmZy-hr-μ-hpw. ]m´v F∂Xp kwKoXw am{X-a√ `mj-bp-am-Wv. ]m´nse hcn-Iƒ AXnse kwKo-X-tØmfw {][m\-am-Wv. \ΩpsS kwkvIm-c-Øn¬ s]mXpth Syq¨ D≠m-°n-bn´√ hcn-Iƒ Fgp-Xp∂Xv. F∂m¬, Aßs\ hcn-Iƒ \∂mbn Fgp-Xp∂ Km\-c-N-bnXm-°ƒ \ap-°p-≠v. Ah¿°p kwKo-Xw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv AXp km[n°p-∂X - v. DZm-lc - W - w, _n®p Xncp-ae - . Rm≥ Syq¨ D≠m-°p-tºmtg At±lw ]Tn-s®-Sp°pw. ]n∂o-SXv aqfn-s°m-≠mWv hcn-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ ¢njv S X H´pw hcm- d n- √ . sNdnb \o°p- t ]m°p km[y- a mWpXm\pw.

sabv 2016

(45) "Sp F sPekv tKmU'v F∂ kz¥w Ihn-X, h¿j߃°p ap≥]v Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. Fßs\ Hm¿sØ-SpØp F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v At±lw ]d™ adp-]Sn "Fs‚ Iwt]m-kn-js‚ clkyw F\n-°-dn-bn-√.'

Hm¿°-kvt{S-j≥ F∂ {]tXyI hnjbw ]m›mXy-kw-Ko-X-Øn-ep≠v. hmZy-hrμw F∂ Bibw Xs∂ bqtdm-]y≥ BWv. \ap-°p≈ D]-I-c-W-߃ F√mw Xs∂ Hcp apdn-bpsS Nph-cp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m\p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXv Hu´v tUm¿ Bh-iy-߃°p ]‰n-√. kn\n-asb kw_-‘n®v Bfp-Iƒ°v Hcp-]mSp ap≥hn-[n-Ifp≠v. Bsc-s°m≠v ]mSn-°Ww F∂Xp Ub-d-IvS¿ ]d-bpw. Nn{Xtb sIm≠ph∂Xp \thm-Zb A∏-®≥ ]d-™n-´m-Wv. "]S-tbm´w' F∂ t^m¿ {Sm°v Ãocntbm {Sm°v 70 Fw Fw ^nenw D≠m-°n-bXv t_mfnhpUv A√, tamfnhpUv BWv. "a™n¬hn-cn™ ]q°-fn¬' \n∂p In´nb Hcp tImSn \nt£-]n®v FSpØ Nn{X-Øn\p XncnsI In´n-bXv 85 e£w. {]kn-U‚ns‚ Ahm¿Uv Hs° In´n ]t£, Nn{Xw ]Ww t\Sn-bn-√.

At∏m- g mWv ^mkn- e n- s \bpw Fs∂bpw ho≠pw hnfn®p PntPm F∂ Akm-[m-cW _p≤n-im-en-bmb a\p-jy≥ ]d-™Xv, "ho≠pw Hcp sNdnb ]Sw sNømw.'

Aßs\ "amΩm-´n-°p-´n-bΩ' h∂p. AXns‚ kabØp \thm-Zb A∏-®≥ Fs∂ hnfn-®n´p ]d-™p, "sPdn, R߃ hnj-a-Øn-em-Wv. Rß-fpsS IønA[nIw ]W-an-√. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ aZn-cm-in-bn¬ \n∂v Bscbpw sIm≠p-h∂p ]mSn-°m≥ Ign-bn-√.' Aßs\ ]Zva-cm-Ps‚ kn\n-a-°mbn sIm≠p-h∂ s]¨Ip-´n-IfpsS i_vZw ]co-£n-®p˛Nn{X-bp-sSbpw Acp-‘-Xn-bpsS-bpw. Nn{X-sb-Øs∂ sXc-s™-Sp-Øp. Aßs\ Nn{X-bpsS Imcyw A∏-®-t\mSv ]d-™p. Nn{X h∂p.

"Bsfm-cp-ßn, Ac-sßm-cpßn...' F∂ Km\w ]mSn-∏n®p t\m°n. hfsc IrXy-ambn Bh-iy-s∏-´Xp {]Imcw Nn{X B Km\w ]mSn. _m°n Ncn-{Xw. "Bbncw IÆp- a mbv...' F∂ Km\w Hcp ss{IkvXh IpSpw-_m-¥c - o-£Ø - n-ep-≠m-°nb ]m´m-Wv. 1985 ¬ Cd-ßnb kn\na. Ct∏mgpw Cu ]m´v BkzmZy Icw Xs∂. CXp IΩyq-Wn-t°-j≥ F∂ hnj-bØns‚ A¿∞w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. IΩyq-Wn-t°j≥ F∂Xp kw`-hn-°p-∂Xp hm°p-I-fn-eqsS am{Xa√, ka-b-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p-≈n-e-√, AXp ImemXn-h¿Øn-bmb H∂m-Wv. Ccp-]Xp sIm√w sIm≠v kmln-Xy-Øn\pw kwKoX-Øn\pw am‰-sam∂pw h∂n-´n-√. ChnsS \yqP-\-tdj≥ h∂v Fs¥m-s°tbm Im´p-∂p. R߃ h∂t∏mgpw \yq P\-td-j≥ Bbn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ Ing-h-\m-bn´mtWm P\n-®Xv? tP¿W-en-Ãp-Iƒ D≠m-°nb Iym®v th¿Uv BWv \yqP-\-td-j≥. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn \ap°p th≠Xv Adn-hm-Wv. Fs‚ Hm¿°-kvt{S-j≥ ]m´nse hcn-Isf hngpßm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bn-√. endnIvkv hy‡-XtbmsS tIƒ°m-\m-I-Ww. Rm≥ B coXn-bmWv kzoI-cn-®-Xv. endn-Ivkn\v {]m[m\yw sImSpØp Itºmkv sNøp-I.

hmZyhrμ- Ø nse aq∂v {^oIz≥kn- I - s f- b pw˛ t_kv, anUv, ssl˛ _me≥kv sNbvXv Itºmkv sNøpIbpw anIvkv sNøp-Ibpw thWw. kmºm¿ D≠m-°ptºmƒ F∂ t]mse IrXy-amb Af-hn¬ th≠ coXnbn¬ tNcp-h-Iƒ Iq´n-bn-W-°n-bmse \√ kwKoXw D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q. Hm¿°-kvt{S-j≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp hfsc k¶o¿W-amb H∂m-Wv. Hm¿°-kvt{S-j-\n¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-X-bpsS hf¿® bp≠m-bn-´p-≠v. 1965 emWv aqKv F∂-bmƒ Iot_m¿Uv kn¥-ssk-k¿ D≠m-°n-b-Xv. Hdn-Pn-\¬ D]-I-c-W-ØnteXp t]mse kzc-߃ ]pdØp hcp∂ H∂m-Wn-Xv. ]pXnb kn\n-abv°p th≠n (Nn{Xw: B£≥ lotdm _nPp) sNss∂°p t]mb-t∏mƒ 80-˛90 Ifnse ]gb ]cn-N-b-°m-cmb B¿´n-Ãp-I-sf-bmWv sdt°m¿Unßn\p hnfn-®-Xv. ]c-º-cm-K-X-am-b, X\Xv D]-I-c-W-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®m-bn-cp∂p sdt°m¿Un-Mv. "]q°ƒ...' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ Km\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ t]cn-\p-th-≠n-am-{XamWv Hcp Iot_m¿Uv D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. Ah¿ ]d-™p, kn¥-ssk-k¿ h∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Rßsf Bcpw hnfn°p-∂n-√. X_-e, ^vfq´v, a‰p-hm-Zy-°m¿ Bscbpw hnfn°p-∂n-√. kn\nam \n¿amW sNehv Ipd-bv°m-\mbn kn¥-ssk-k¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ \n¿Ωm-Xm-°ƒ \n¿_‘n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v hcp∂ {]iv\w. ¢mcn-‰n-bn-√.

F√m C≥kv{Sp-sa‚p-Ifpw ssl {^oIz≥kn-bn¬ D]tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ {^oIz≥kn UnsÃm¿j≥ (A-]-{`wiw) BWv kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. AXmWv \ΩpsS ]m´p-Isf hnI-e-am-°p-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°-bnepw bqtdm-∏nepw kn¥-ssk-k¿ kmμ¿`n-I-ambn am{X-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ Snhn kocn-b¬, kn\n-a-Iƒ F∂n-h-bv°pw. ]≈n-I-fnAhbv°p ÿm\-an-√. AhnsS Ip´n-Isf kn¥-sskk¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. ]nbmt\m BWv AhnsS ]Tn-∏n°p-∂-Xv. hb-en≥, ^vfq´v t]mep≈ ]c-º-cm-KX kwKotXm-]-I-c-W-ß-fmWv AhnsS ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS \Ωƒ P∏m≥Im-c-\p-≠m-°nb km[\w G‰hpw \√Xv F∂p hnNm-cn®p sX‰mb am¿K-Øn¬ t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. BIm-ih - m-Wn-bn¬ C¥y≥ D]-Ic - W - ß - f - √ - msX H∂pw Ib-‰m-dn-√. t]m∏p-e¿ kwKo-X-Ønse kmt¶-XnI kt¶-X߃ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \Ωƒ Hcp]mSp sX‰p-Iƒ sNbvXp sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cß-\sØ Ah-ÿbn¬ \ho- I - c Ww km[y- a - √ . \ΩpsS ¢mkn- ° kwKoXw c£-s∏-Sm-\p≈ Htc-sbmcp am¿Kw \ΩpsS t^m°v kwKoXw am{X-am-Wv. \mS≥]m-´p-Iƒ°p henb km[y-X-I-fp-≠v. "Imb-e-cn-IØp hesb-dn-™-t∏mƒ..., "ams\∂pw hnfn-°n√....' t]mse-bp≈ AXn-a-t\m-l-cß-fmb Km\-߃. ]t£, AXmcpw {i≤n-°p-∂n√. (tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bnse C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v Iayq-W-t°-j-\n¬ \S∂ kvtImf¿ C≥ Imº-kv ]cn]m-Sn-bn¬ {]ikvX kwKo-X-⁄≥ sPdn Aa¬tZhv \S-Ønb {]`mj-W-Øns‚ {]k‡ `mK-߃) ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Xbm-dm-°n-bXv: sI. tla-eX sabv 2016

(46)

A°m-Zan hm¿Ø-Iƒ

am[yainev]-imeIfn¬ \n∂v

sIm√w {]kv ¢∫ns‚ kl-I-c-W-tØmsS tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan am[ya{]h¿Ø-I¿°mbn \S-Ønb inev]im-e-bpsS DZvLm-S\w sIm√w tIm¿∏-td-j≥ tab¿ AUz. hn. cmtP-{μ-_m_p \n¿h-ln-°p-∂p. {]kv ¢_v sk{I-´dn Un. Pb-Ir-jvW≥, am[ya{]h¿Ø-I-cmb F≥.-Fw. ]ntb-gvk¨, A∏p-°p-´≥ h≈n-Ip-∂v, A°m-Zan sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚Wn, sk{I-´dn F. A_vZp¬ l°nw F∂n-h¿ kao-]w.

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bp-sSbpw ae-∏pdw {]kv ¢∫n-s‚bpw kwbp-‡m-`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°mbn \ne-ºq-cn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® inev]im-e-bpsS DZvLm-S\w A°m-Zan sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚Wn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂p. \ne-ºq¿ {]IrXn ]T-\-tI{μw Ub-d-IvS¿ ]n. Pb-{]-Im-iv, {]kv ¢_v sk{I-´dn kptcjv FS-∏mƒ, {]kn-U‚ v B¿. kmw_≥, inev]ime I¨ho-\¿ ssj\kv am¿t°mkv F∂n-h¿ kao-]w. am¿®v sabv 2016

(47)

am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°mbn tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ tIm´bw {]kv ¢∫ns‚ kl-I-c-WtØmsS Ipa-c-IØv \S-Ønb ]cn-ÿnXn ]T\Iymºn¬ Im¿jnIimkv{X-⁄-\mb tUm. sI.-Pn. ]fl-Ip-am¿ ¢mkv \bn-°p-∂p. A°m-Zan `c-W-k-an-Xn-bwKw sNdp-Ic kÆn eqt°mkv kao-]w.

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-anbpw ]Ø-\w-Xn´ {]kv ¢∫pw tN¿∂p am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°mbn ]Ø-\w-Xn-´-bn¬ kwLSn-∏n® inev]-im-e-bpsS DZvLm-S\w A°m-Zan sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚Wn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂p. ae-bmf at\m-ca Akn.- I-≠‚ v s{]mUyq-k¿ PnØp tXma-kv, {]kv ¢_v {]kn-U‚ v kmw sNº-I-Øn¬, A°m-Zan sshkv sNb¿am≥ sI.-kn. cmP-tKm-]m¬, `c-W-k-an-Xn-bwKw sNdpIc kÆn eqt°m-kv, am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I≥ tPm¿Pv ]pfn-°≥, A°m-Zan Akn. sk{I-´dn sI.-B¿. {]tamZv Ipam¿ F∂n-h¿ kao-]w.

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bp-sSbpw hb-\mSv {]kv ¢∫n-s‚bpw kwbp-‡m-`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I¿°mbn I¬∏-‰-bn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® inev]-im-e-bpsS DZvLm-S\w {]apJ kmln-Xy-Imcn kn.-F-kv. N{μnI \n¿h-ln-°p∂p.

Pn√m C≥^¿ta-j≥ Hm^o-k¿ djoZv _m_p, A°m-Zan ap≥ sNb¿am≥ F≥.-]n. cmtP-{μ≥, A°m-Zan sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚-Wn, am[yaw \yqkv FUn-‰¿ F≥. cmtPjv F∂n-h¿ kao-]w. sabv 2016

(48)

tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bn¬ ]n.-B¿. Zn\m-tLmjw B

i- b - h n- \ n- a - b Øns‚ A\- ¥ - k m- [ y- X Iƒ imkv{Xo-b-ambn D]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cnio- e \w ]ªnIv dntej≥kv hnZym¿Yn- I ƒ°p e`y- a m- I - W - s a∂p tIcf aoUnb A°m-Zan sNb¿ am≥ sk¿Pn B‚- W n.

A°m-Zan C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v tIcf aoUnb A°m-Z-an-bn¬ ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv Zn\m-Nm-c-W-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®p Iayq- W n- t °- j - \ n¬ ]n.\S∂ kmwkvIm-cnI]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS DZvLm-S\w A°m-Zan -`cWk-anXnbwKw B¿. Zn\mtLmjw DZvLmhn.-hn. Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂p. Akn. sk{I-´dn sI. B¿. {]tamZv S\w sNbvXp kwkm-cn-°pIpam¿, sk{I-´dn F. A_vZp¬ l°nw, sIm®n imkv{X-km-t¶-XnI k¿h-I-emI-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. ime ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv hIp∏v Ub-d-IvS¿ tUm. A\n¬ Ipam¿ hS-hm-Xq¿, anI® Bi-bh - n-\n-ab - A°m-Zan sNb¿am≥ sk¿Pn B‚Wn, `c-W-k-an-Xn-bwKw tPm¿Pv s]mSn-∏md, ti-jn-bmWv P\-k-º¿°C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Ub-d-IvS¿ Fw. cma-N-{μ≥ F∂n-h¿ kao-]w. Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\LS-Iw. sXfn-™-Nn-¥bpw BI¿j-I-amb hy‡n-Xzhpw {]Xn- d-IvS¿ tUm. A\n¬Ip-am¿ hS-hm-Xq¿ ]d-™p. k-‘n-Iƒ t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ignhpw hf¿Øn-sb-SpFgp-XpI F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Fßs\ hmbn-∏n°mw °m≥ ]n.-B¿. cwK-tØ°p IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-h¿ {i≤n-°- F∂-XmWv C∂sØ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ t\cn-Sp∂ henb Ww. anI® ]cn-io-e\tI{μ-ß-fn¬ CXp km[y-am-Ip- sh√p-hn-fn-sb∂pw, Fs¥-gp-Xp∂p F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ sa∂pw sNb¿am≥ ]d-™p.

Fßs\ Fgp- X p∂p F∂- X mWp {][m- \ - s a∂pw Zn\m-tLm-j-Øns‚ `mK-ambn \S∂ Iem˛-kmw- apXn¿∂ am[y-a-{]-h¿Ø-I\pw A°m-Zan `c-W-kkvIm-cnI]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ tZim-`n-am\n No^v FUn-‰dpw anXnbwK-hp-amb tPm¿Pv s]mSn-∏md ]d-™p. Fgp-Øn\v A°m-Zan `c-W-k-anXnbwK-hp-amb hn.-hn. Z£n-Wm- AXn-t‚-Xmb hyXn-cn-‡-X-bp-≠m-IWw; ssienbpw aq¿Øn DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ kzX-{¥- ]pXp-abpw thWw. hmbn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Fs¥-¶nepw ambn Nn¥n-°-W-sa∂pw kln-jvWp-X-bmWp \ΩpsS {]tbm-P-\-ap-s≠∂ tXm∂-ep-≠m-°m≥ Ign-™n-s√kwkvIm-c-sa∂pw At±lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏´p. tNmZyw ¶n¬ cN-\ -sIm≠p {]tbm-P-\-an-√m-Xm-Ip∂p F∂v tNmZn-°m≥ hnZym¿Yn-Isf t{]mXvkmln-∏n-°-Ww. At±lw FSpØp ]d-™p. tNmZy߃ D∂-bn-°mØ A\p-k-cWw ASn-aØat\m{ZpX-K-Xn-bn¬ kz¥w dnkvIn¬ Btcbpw ]nW`m-h-am-Wv. AXp-am‰n kzX-{¥-ambn A`n-{]mbw ]d-bm≥ °msX Xocp-am\w FSp-°m-\p≈ Ign-hmWp {][m-\w. hnZym¿Yn-Isf A[ym-]-I¿ t{]cn-∏n-°-Ww. ]d-bp-∂-sX√mw kXy-am-IWw; A{]n-b-k-Xy-߃ ]dicn-sX-‰p-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bm\pw icn Dƒs°m- tb-≠-Xn√ F∂ XØz-Øn¬ \n∂p e£yw t\Sm≥ ≈m-\p-ap≈ kln-jvWp-X-bp-≠m-I-W-sa∂v At±lw F{X henb I≈hpw aqSn-h-bv°p-Ibpw \n m-c-Im-cyhnZym¿Yn-Isf Hm¿an-∏n-®p. kln-jvWp-X-bn-√m-Xm-Ip- ߃ ]¿h-Xo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ko_¬kn-b≥ tºmƒ P\m-[n-]Xyw \in-°pw. P\-k-º¿°-Øns‚ coXn-bmWv Ct∏mƒ A\p-h¿Øn®p hcp-∂-Xv. ]cn-]mASn-ÿm-\-KpWw klnjvWpX-bm-sW∂pw At±lw h-\w F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]{X-Øns‚ apJ-{]Nq≠n-°m-´n. kzX-{¥-ambn Nn¥n-°p-∂-hsc ]e-scbpw kw-K-ß-sf-t∏mepw AUz-t´m-dn-b¬ B°m≥ \mw XbmXo{h-hm-Zn-I-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p∂ kwkvImcw hf¿∂p- dm-Ip-∂p. ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv F∂ al-Ømb {]{Inh-cp-∂p. cmPy-kvt\lw sXfn-bn-°m≥ tcJ-Iƒ lmP- b-bpsS hnip≤n Xs∂ \jvSam-Ip-∂p.'' A\n¬Ip-am¿ cm-t°≠ ÿnXn-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. FSpØp ]d-™p. s]s´∂p {]Xn-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Ign-hn-s\m∏w ip`Hcp ]n.B¿. am≥ kz¥w ]ªn-°ns\ Xncn-®-dn-b{]-Xo-£bpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw ssIap-Xe - m-bp-≈h - ¿°v W-sa∂v NS-ßn¬ A[y-£X hln® A°m-Zan sk{I]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv cwKØp tim`n-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂p -Zn- ´dn F. A_vZp¬ l°nw hnZym¿Yn-Isf Hm¿an-∏n-®p. \m-tLm-j-Øns‚ `mK-ambn kwL-Sn-∏n® inev]-im-e- C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t°-j≥ Ub-d-IvS¿ Fw. cmabp-sS- D-ZvLm-S\w \n¿h-ln® sIm®n imkv{X˛kmt¶- N-{μ≥, A°m-Zan Akn- v sk{I-´dn sI.-B¿.

XnI k¿h-I-em-ime ]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv hn`mKw Ub- {]tamZv Ipam¿ ]s¶SpØp. sabv 2016

A°mZan hm¿Ø-I(49) ƒ Bookshelf

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THE IDEA OF COMMUNISM

By Tariq Ali Seagull Books (2009) Rs. 350.00 [November 9, 2009 will mark 20 years since the fall of the Berlin wall, the monumental event that signaled the beginning of the end of communism in the former Soviet Union. Yet, why was this collapse of communism considered final, but the many failure of capitalism are considered temporary and episodic? In The Idea of Communism, Tariq Ali addresses this very question.

The idea of communism, argues Ali, was simple and noble. The Communist Manifesto, which advocated the creation of a society based on the principle of ‘from each according to his ability, to each according to his need’ rather than a system based on greed and profit, appealed to millions all over the globe. However, Ali argues that the vision of society adumbrated by the founders of Communism was a far cry from what became known as actually existing socialism in the Soviet Union and China. The Communist system that developed ignored Engels’s belief that a workers’ movement and its victory were inconceivable without freedom of the press and assembly. This freedom, Engels insisted, “is the air it needs to breathe”.

Here, in a thought-provoking re-evaluation, Ali argues that a new form of socialism and global planning is vital to save the planet from capitalist and environmental degradation].

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New Books @ Academy Library

MULTIMEDIA JOURNALISM: A PRACTICAL GUIDE 2ND EDITION

By Andy Bull Routledge (2016) Rs. 3412.00 [Multimedia Journalism: A Practical Guide, second edition builds on the first edition’s expert guidance on working across multiple media platforms, and continues to explore getting started, building proficiency and developing professional standards in multimedia journalism.

The second edition features new chapters including: · getting started with social media · live reporting · building proficiency with Wordpress · building apps for smartphones and tables · building a personal brand and developing a specialism · long-form video journalism, audio and video news bulletins and magazine programmes.

The new edition also includes an extensive range of new and updated materials essential for all aspects multimedia journalism today. New areas explored include editing video and slideshows for mobile and tablet devices, the advanced use of mobile device for reporting, location-specific content creation and delivery, the use of video and audio slideshows, and live blogging. Other updates include more material on photo journalism as a storytelling technique, using and transferring digital images and sound, the use of Google Analytics, and practical guides to storytelling through infographics, timelines, interactive graphics and maps.

The book fully engages with multimedia journalism in relation to range of social media and web publishing platforms, including Wordpress, Blogger, Tumblr, Twitter, Facebook, Google+, You Tube, Instagram, Pinterest, SoundCloud, AudioBoom and iTunes]. sabv 2016

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temIw I≠ hc A¥¿t±iob am[yacwKsØ {]ikvXamb Im¿´qWpIƒ ]cnNbs∏SpØpIbmWv Cu ]w‡nbn¬. amXr`qan Im¿´qWnÃmb tKm]oIrjvW\mWv Ch Xncs™SpØv AhXcn∏n°p∂Xv.

tPm sl√¿

Ata-cn-°-bnse hnkvtIm¨kn≥ {]hn-iy-bnse HmjvtImjv kztZ-in-. 1985 apX¬ 2013 hsc {Ko≥ t_ {]kv Kk-‰nse FUn-t‰m-dnb¬ Im¿´q-Wn-Ãv. te Hm^n-s\-Xp-S¿∂v tPmen Dt]-£n-t°-≠-Xmbn h∂p. {]kv Kk-‰n¬ tPmen-bn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv shÃv s_≥Uv sUbnen \yqkn¬ Im¿´q-Wn-Ãm-bn-cp-∂p. Ata-cn-°-bnCt±-l-Øns‚ Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ hn{ipX am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ß-fmb bp. Fkv. F. SptU, hmjn-MvS≥ t]mÃv, \yqkv ho°v, temkm-©ekv ssSwkv XpS-ßn-bh Ct∏mgpw ]p\-{]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°m-dp-≠v.

tKm]oIrjvWs‚ C˛sabn¬: cartoonistgopikrishnan@gmail.com Printed and Published by A. Abdul Hakkim, Secretary, Kerala Media Academy, Published from Kerala Media Academy, Kakkanad, Kochi – 682 030; Printed at Sterling Print House Pvt Ltd, Edappally; Editor: Sergy Antony

sabv 2016

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2013 ˛¬ ]pen-‰vk¿ ]pc-kvIm-c-Øn\v A¿l-amb Nn{Xw kndn-b-bnse c≠p hna-X-ssk-\n-I¿ i{Xp-Xm-h-f-Øn\p t\tc D∂w ]nSn®p ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-cpsS Imh¬am-S-Øns‚ XI-c-adbn\nc-¥-c-ambn shSn-bp-≠-I-tf‰v hoW kpjncßfn-eqsS IS-∂p-h-cp∂ {]Im-i-c-ivan-I-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-ep≈ Nn{Xw. 2013-˛se ]pen-‰vk¿ ]pc-kvImcw t\Snb Nn{X-ß-fn-sem-∂v.

Ombm-{Km-l-I≥˛ Pmhn-b¿ am≥kmt\m (G-P≥kv {^m≥kv {]kn\p th≠n Nn{X-ß-sf-Sp-°p∂ {^oem≥kv t^mt´m-{Km-^¿)

Pmhn-b¿ a≥kmt\m sabv 2016

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Media Monthly | May 2016 | `20/- | RNI Reg No. KERBIL/2000/01676

sabv 2016