Portfolio #003

#003 PORTFOLIO

2021.12.22 @lajkarsten

LAJ KARSTEN RASMUSSEN

DO NOT USE FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES

SELECTED WORKS

Profile & CV

2

Hi, my name is Laj. I’m an architect MAA from Urbanism & Societal Change at KADK. I work in the field of societal transformations, ranging from shifts in economic and demographic conditions, to altered resource availability, to the massive spatial implications of climatic change and the current radical global urbanization.

In addition to foundational knowledge in architectural practise and urban theory, I am specialized in utilizing new technologies and data which means I can provide new sustainable visions for our collective future through research, form-making, systemic thinking, and wide scale urban strategies.

Skills Microsoft Office Adobe CC Suite Rhinoceros 3D V-Ray Enscape Sketchup QGIS AutoCAD Revit 3DS Max

Great Expert Expert Expert Expert Great Good Good Basic Basic

Language Danish: English: Swedish: Norwegian:

Native Expert Great Great

Experience 2021 - present Firm: Urban Power Function: Architect, urban planner & project leader 2016 - 2020 Firm: Bjarke Ingels Group Function: Administrative assistant 2018 - 2018 Firm: Bjarke Ingels Group Function: Internship as design assistant (6 months)

Education 2018 - 2020 Degree: Master studies Unit: Urbanism & Societal Change Institute: Institute for City and Landscape 2015 - 2018 Degree: Bachelor studies Institute: Institute for City and Landscape

Laj Karsten Rasmussen Phone: (+45) 28 29 23 68 E-mail: lajkarsten@gmail.com LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/lajkarsten

Contents

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

3

The Cultural Engine

Concept and urban analysis

6

Transformation strategy

8

Masterplan program

10

Visualizations

12

Core of the engine

14

Masterplan for Albertslund Centrum

Designparametres and typology principles

18

Typologies, plan and section

20

Enghave Brygge Development Plan

Concept and urban analysis

24

Urban scale and visualizations

26

Block scale and plan

28

Ejby Campus Masterplan

Design concept and zone diagrams

32

Situation plan and typologies

34

Microplotting The City

Urban strategy and design concept

38

Model photos and visualization

39

Agger Culture House

Mappings, registrations and building scale plan

42

Section cuts and visualizations

43

Vejlevej 11

Concept and model photos

46

Visualizations

47

The Cultural Engine

4

1

The opening of the Guggenheim Bilbao Museum in 1997 and its unexpected success, not only meant the unofficial goodbye to the traditional industrial harborfront in cities worldwide - it also indirectly kickstarted the global urbanisation and the international strive for being the most liveable city on Earth. With radical demographic changes, neo-liberal urban development and culture as an institutionalized tool of marketing, many distressed capitals in the early 90s which were on the edge of bankruptcy, wanted to reform into post-industrial science,- and culture capitals, as Bilbao did. Copenhagen too was facing an economic and social crisis in the 90s, and quickly joined the club of international liveability competition, by undergoing a radical transformation - and even won the title of being the most liveable city multiple times. Although the shadow sides of winning the liveability game was not only rising housing prices, inequality and radical demographic changes - it was also the irreversible loss of cultural diversity and demolishing of smaller communities, in the name of liveability.

By raising the question, ‘culture for who?’, this project attempts to investigate ways of stabilizing the cultural imbalances and uniformity, caused by the this transformation.

The projects context, will be the area of Sydhavnen, which has suffered the biggest social and cultural consequences of the transformation.

With a critically inclining pressure for common cultural spaces for all - and the use of culture and collaboration as tools for community creation, this project’s vision is to transform the power plant H. C. Ørstedsværket from a industrial engine to a cultural engine, when the current contract ends in 2026 in order to meet the cultural demands of the locals, the citizens and the 21st century.

Semester: Master thesis, spring 2020 Unit: Urbanism & Societal Change, IBBL Tutor: Morten Kjer Jeppesen Unit directors: Deane Simpson Full project link: KADK / ISSUU

J

A view towards the main square

5

6 The transition into the fourth industrial revolution and the new needs of the 21st century’s post202 9 O industrial cities has made the conventional polluting harbor front obsolete. HarborO fronts all over the world are now being transformed and decorated with flashy cultural institutions and expensive housing - Copenhagen is no exception. Although there are no large cultural institutions south of Langebro even Complelely though they have seen the largest population increase in the last 15 years, and therefore need it most. bottom-up 203

3

32

30 20

20

2031

CONCEPT STRATEGY

SOCIETAL CHANGE - INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS 1st starting in 1760s

2nd around 1900

3rd started in 1970s

4th 2010s - now

Automation & IT systems

Cyberphysical systems & Internet of Things

FIRST FIRST INDUSTRIAL FIRST INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION REVOLUTION FIRST FIRST INDUSTRIAL FIRST INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION REVOLUTION THRID THRID INDUSTRIAL THRID INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION REVOLUTION FOURTH FOURTH INDUSTRIAL FOURTH INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION REVOLUTION FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THRID INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION STARTING STARTING STARTING IN 1760 IN 1760 IN 1760 BEGINNING BEGINNING BEGINNING OF 20TH OF 20TH CENTURY OF 20TH CENTURY CENTURY STARTED STARTED STARTED IN 1970 IN 1970 IN 1970 AND 2010 AND ONWARDS AND ONWARDS ONWARDS STARTING IN 1760 BEGINNING OF 20TH CENTURY STARTED IN 1970 20102010 AND2010 ONWARDS

Balanced

1920 --2026 1920 2026

WATER &WATER STEAM &POWER STEAM &POWER STEAM POWER POWER WATER &WATER STEAM Mechanization & steam Complelelypower

2026 --??

2026

Industrial engine Industrial engine

MASS PRODUCTION MASS PRODUCTION PRODUCTION MASSMASS PRODUCTION & & & & Mass production & ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY electricity

bottom-up PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PHYSICAL LABOR, LABOR, BASIC LABOR, BASIC ENGINEERING BASIC ENGINEERING ENGINEERING BUSINESS, BUSINESS, BUSINESS, REDUCE REDUCE REDUCE RISK,RISK, DEEPDEEP DEEP EXPERTISE, DEEP EXPERTISE, EXPERTISE, DISCIPLINARY, DISCIPLINARY, DISCIPLINARY, LEARNING LEARNING LEARNING AGILITY, AGILITY, ADAPTABILITY, AGILITY, ADAPTABILITY, ADAPTABILITY, PHYSICAL LABOR, BASIC ENGINEERING BUSINESS, REDUCE RISK,RISK, EXPERTISE, DISCIPLINARY, LEARNING AGILITY, ADAPTABILITY, TALENT TALENT TALENT LEARN TALENT LEARN A LEARN SKILL A SKILL A SKILL STANDARDIZATION, STANDARDIZATION, STANDARDIZATION, CERTAINTY CERTAINTY CERTAINTY STEM STEM EMPATHY, EMPATHY, EMPATHY, TRANS-DISCIPLINARY, TRANS-DISCIPLINARY, TRANS-DISCIPLINARY, ALEARN SKILL STANDARDIZATION, CERTAINTY STEMSTEM EMPATHY, TRANS-DISCIPLINARY, introvert extrovert Vision Very Very

Cultural engine Cultural engine

Providing energy to the city

Providing culture to the city

Classical local culture house

The Cultural Engine

Bilbao Effect culture house

Mostly for locals

For both locals and others

Mostly for other than locals

CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE HARBOR FRONT 1

Arken, Ishøj, 1996

2

H. C. Ørstedsværket, 1920

3

BLOX, 2018

4

Den Sorte Diamant, 1999

5

Skuespilhuset, 2008

6

Vandkulturhuset, 202?

7

Operaen, 2005

8

Svanemølleværket, 1953

9

Turbinehallen, 1900

10

Louisiana, Humlebæk, 1996

AUTOMATION AUTOMATION AUTOMATION & IT & SYSTEMS IT SYSTEMS & IT SYSTEMS CYBER CYBER CYBER PHYSICAL CYBER PHYSICAL PHYSICAL SYSTEMS SYSTEMS & & & AUTOMATION & IT SYSTEMS PHYSICAL SYSTEMS & SYSTEMS INTERNET INTERNET OF THINGS OF THINGS OF THINGS INTERNET OF INTERNET THINGS

10 9 8

5

Pladehallen The area of Sydhavnen

7

4

3

Public libraries

6

Cultural houses run by Copenhagen Municipality High degree of cultural options per person

2

Very low or zero degree of cultural options per person City & Port’s development areas

10 19 58

9

Louisiana

19 00

binehallen

8

195 3

The post-industrial waterfront of Copenhagen

øl leværket

7

2 02?

6

ulturhuset

200 8

5

espil huset

200 5

4

Operaen

199 9

3

e Di amant

201 8

2

BL OX

South of Copenhagen

192 0

199 6

Arken

1

edsværket

1

North of Copenhagen

The new and old parts of Sydhavnen are the most stratified area in the city with an almost physical demographic border. The area is mostly housing and has no common place to meet, although locals have been fighting for a common culture house for more than a decade now. Today, the former remote Sydhavnen has now become a centered piece of Copenhagen due to new infrastructure and will in a near future become even more centered when the new metro line opens.

URBAN CONTEXT: INFRASTRUCTURE Green bike routes

Metro routes

Regional train routes

Havneringen

Sydhavnen metro route, opening in 2024

Metro stations

Libraries

Local culture houses

Public schools

7

Selected site

200 m

URBAN CONTEXT: DEMOGRAPHY

Vulnerable areas

Low income areas

High income areas

Local culture houses

Libraries

Public schools

Selected site

200 m

What is making this project unique to other industrial transformations, is that The Cultural Engine will consist of a citizens assembly organization to run and transform it, in order to achieve highest possible cultural diversity and democratic influence from the users. The dynamic program is made from collaboration of users, citizens, and the municipality based needs from the local plans, articles and interviews. It seeks to balance the super local with the municipal and regional.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY To make a bottom-up approach possible, an orginazational trinity will be made

8

LAYERS AS A TOOL OF DESIGN NIOLLI OUTDOOR

Top-down Copenhagen Municipality NOLLI INDOOR

Internal

External 1916 1916 leged der viser de 45 nye typer landskabsrum

Private

Locals Bottom-up

Vegetation

In between

1916

The Cultural Engine Organisation

Random selected citizens Visitors, online surveys, subscribers, strangers - does not belong to any group

A balance betweein top-down and bottom-up decision making

Removal

People working for Copenhagen Municipality Library, community centre, workshops- and labs, sports hall, skate hall

The three stakeholders Sub-divided user groups

Locals, activists and volunteers Community gardens, kids culture house, events, neighbours, skaters, graffiti painters

Decision making group

Smaller businesses and private renters Bars, galleries, ateliers, shops, museums, artists, bands

MERGED

Infrastructure

1984

1962 1931

1947

QUALITATIVE OUTREACH STRATEGY A balance between hyper localism and tourism

1916

vs

Typical local commuTypical local community centre nity centre

Identity

History

vs

Typicalpost-industrial post-industrial Typical cultural institution cultural institution

The Cultural Engine is unique The Cultural Engine by adding a municipal layer

Base

9 By using historical layers as a tool of design, the plan drawings from 1916-2020 create unique stories that can be traced and explored in the landscape and vegetation. The improved infrastructure will open up the site and the grey boxes will be demolished for a clearer architectural identity.

Red and blue volumes will strengthen it further by reusing the silhouettes of these. A digital strategy will connect the programs to an interactive app, blending the community of the physical and digital worlds.

DIGITAL STRATEGY

15:17

9:16 TUESDAY, JUNE 9

TUESDAY, JUNE 9 149 BOOK CLUB & SHOP

149

FAMILY GRAFFITI WORKSHOP Let everyone know about your time at The Cultural Engine by leaving your mark on one of our walls. Together with your family, you can create your very own graffiti mural to make sure your time at the engine gets permanently marked in both your minds and in the city!

The Graffiti Park

11:00

Workshop

The Alley

148

14:00

JOBSEEKING COURSE FOR NEW GRADUATED ARCHITECTS

Boiler House 5. fl.

12:30

Course

Free

17:30

BO KASPERS ORKESTER RELEASE SHOW

Concert

12:00 - 21:00

CAFE 147

147

147

CAFE 147 is a 16 seat café. Every day of the week we offer breakfast, lunch and dinner. We focus on vegetables and everything the sea can provide, thirst quenching natural wines

The Alley

10:00 - 22:00

KUHN KERAMIK

146

All the ceramics of Kühn Keramik get produced in this small workshop installed in the old Machine Hall. Water comes out of the tap, clay from Nordjylland, glaze from Fyn and the motifs printed in a small workshop in ...

The Alley

100 kr

10:00 - 19:00

146

21:30 DEEPMASTER TOUR Join us for at sneak peak at this year annually summer exhibition; DeepMaster, by the artists and activists living at The Cultural Engine. The exhibition offers a number of new individual works as well as joint works that include various techniques: printing, sewing, painting, projection and manipulation ...

Activist Residence

Exhibition

Free

15:30

Home

The gallery represents a select group of emerging and established artists and is committed to introducing art, in all media, to an international audience. Seeing art as a profound and competent media for social and ...

The Alley

The Cultural Engine is hosting the Swedish band when they visit Copenhagen on June 9, 2020.

Bo Kaspers Orchestra is ready with their 12th studio album, the soul-oriented 23.55, which will be released on Tuesday, June 9, and it celebrates ...

High Voltage Buildings

12:00 - 21:00

ATELIER 148

Free

Half-day workshop for architects, ocused on providing tools to help job seekers formulate their professional personality and write the good application. We are talking about constructive feedback and the typical improvement opportunities that are worth looking for when we need to ...

149 Bookstore is a continuation and branch of the jointly owned book publisher 149, which aims to publish Nordic literature in Denmark and thereby contribute to a cross-Nordic literary community.

Events

Map

Explore

Profile

Clear architectural readability to link the physical and digital infrastructure

146

146 is a record label and bar hosted by The Cultural Engine. Our vision is offer live music every evening by the bands practising at The High Voltage buildings.

Come by and catch one of your favourite bands ...

The Alley

18:00 - 02:00

Combination of all the different strategies

145 FOOD COLLECTIVE

145

Home

The 145 Food Collective is a non-profit food collective.

Since our goal has never been profit (nor will it ever!), any assistance you provide helps make our healthy and sustainable products more affordable and ...

Events

Map

Explore

Profile

25 m

10 The covered openings in the facade facing the alley (B) will be re-opened, allowing the alley to be a busy and dense space. Behind it is a huge workshop and lab area, connecting to the Boiler House. The small spaces in the alley, continue into the residence area on the left, where 58 apartments at 46 m2 each will host artists and activists (A). The landscape reveals a hierarchy of first train tracks then asphalt, then historical layers and then green surfaces. The brown narrow surfaces are corten, tracing the

Run by one of the TCEO groups Also functions as a shared educational space for local schools Organised outside of TCEO X Buildings preserved with exemplary equipment for museum pupose 1

Cheap housing for artists and activists

2

Culture house for kids and young people

3

Sports hall

4

Skate hall

5

Workshops and labs of different kind

6

Library and study spaces

7

Art exhibition spaces

8

H.C.Ø museum

9

Café and lobby

10 BLOK 11

7 Vetical park and event space

Administration building

12

Band hotel

13

Ateliers and studios

14

Galleries

16

Concert venue

18 19 20 21

12

A

x

2

Small shops, cafes and bars

15 17

1

21

Community kitchen and gardens Cultural community centre

Performance space Skate shop Diesel House museum

22 23 24

Creative businesses

C 17

E

x

D

3

lines of the former coal cranes. Around the entire plan are various sizes of concrete and brick surfaces, imitating the footprints of former brick- and metal facade buildings and coal ditches.

Inspired by the former 500m famous graffiti wall, a maze of small interactive graffiti walls are cutting through the landscape in an almost Richard Serra-alike way. With the surrounding trees it helps give The Cultural Engine a feeling of isolation and simultaneously defining some clear entry points.

x

11

11

13

B 14

15

5

G

10

F

16

24

H

6

7

8

9

18

23

4

x

19

22

20

J 25 m

12 In the alley (B), the re-opened facades on the left will now be full of different activities and in great synergy with the band hotel, ateliers and studios on the right. The modular built residencies (A) imitates the proportions of the High Voltage Building and extends down to the Romney Hall, where it steps down to match it’s height. The park (E) is a calm and relaxing area, separating the site from its context, where the maze of surrounding graffiti walls (D) will have an ever changing facade.

A

A view from the residencies

B

A view in the alley

13 Everything meets in the main square (C), which has its canals re-opened, trees re-planted and the corten lines as a symbol for the past. Entering the new BLOK7 (G), an inner offset of the blue box will create a parkscape, and will eventually be covered in green. The inner flow will take you past selected viewpoints, the platform to enter the Boiler House (H) and the engine’s core, and all the way to the watchtower (F), where the entire city skyline of Copenhagen is visible from the public platform.

C

A view towards the main square

D

A view from the re-evoked graffiti walls

14

THE CULTURAL ENGINE ORGANIZATION Run by locals and various citizen groups Run by privately or single renters Run by Copenhagen Municipality Public or neutral Entrance 4

A

Dance and performance studios

B

Reading room and silent workspace connected to the library

C

Community space

D

Library functions

E

Educational area and connection to Machine Hall and the large community workshop space

F

Concert and event space

G

Core of the engine: a temporary exhibition space and main entrance from BLOK7

H

Technical- or sanitary rooms

I

Main hall- and space for larger temporary exhibitions, workshops, events and activities

J

Theater and performance space and stage

K

Café, cantine and community kitchens

L

Study and work spaces primarily reserved for school classes

M

Collaborative office spaces

N

Elevator and staircase tower

1 5 4

2

3

N2

M

A

1 Public accessible rooftop with a

L4

B

surrounding rail

C

L3

G2

L2

D1

2 Industry entrance and street theater stage

L1

D2

3 New main entrance

K G1

E

4 Elevator- and staircase towers

J

F

5 An open glass/concrete facade made

N1 H3

H1

from a section cut right where the old BLOK7 used to be. It reveals the link between the iconic boilers and chimneys as well as all the new programmatic functions

H4

H2 I

6 Reusing the exact footprint and silhouette

of BLOK 7 to create a vertical park and a watchtower

12

7 Hanging wide bridges connecting to

7b

the Boiler House and its rooftop

8 A contiuous walk throughout the inner

vertical parkscape

13

9b

9 Punctuos platforms in the parkscape

7a

8 9a

10 A net of metal wires for plants to grow

10

11 A proportional exact remake of the former

BLOK7 staircase tower

12 A watchtower with a public viewpoint

11

6

13 A proportional exact silhouette of BLOK8,

following the same design principles as BLOK7

10 m

15

E

A view in the park

F

A view from the Watchtower

H

A view in the Boiler House

G

A view in BLOK7

Masterplan for Albertslund Centrum

2

This project focuses on the commercial and cultural center of Albertslund, which was planned and built in the 1960’s as a part of the Copenhagen Finger Plan. The city is currently undergoing the largest upgrade since the foundation of modern Albertslund. New huge residential areas with buildings at unprecedented heights for Albertslund, are popping up in several places in the city. In the Albertslund Centrum itself, however, not much development has taken place yet. The task was to develop a new masterplan of the entire center.

One of the challenges Albertslund Centrum faces is to maintain the historical qualities of the low scale in the center, but at the same time adapt to the development and new conditions that are currently changing around it.

Also, new challenges such as climate, rainwater, and sustainability are things that were less focused on at the founding of Albertslund Centrum, but require great focus today. In 2013, Citycon acquired the majority of the buildings in Albertslund Centrum, and is now trying to solve some of today’s challenges within the 33,000 m2 project area, whilst targeting a 200% building percentage.

With the vision: “together we create a center for everyday life with great local pride”, this project led to a new local plan proposal for Albertslund Centrum: A 90-page A3-booklet consisting of an in depth analyzes and technical drawings of traffic, infrastructure, design proposals, sustainability visions, a strategy for development, and much more.

Client: Albertslund Kommune & Citycon Partner in charge: Rune Veile Project leader: Laj Karsten Credits: Martyna Idasiak, Johanna Jasmin, Martin Näf, Sandra Trochimowicz Website link: URBAN POWER

A

A view towards the train station from Store Torv

18 A revised masterplan was created because the previous 2018 masterplan contained a number of challenges that were not solved in order to create an up-to-date and sustainable development.

The key to the development of a socially sustainable Albertslund Center is to bring more people to the area at all hours of the day, and thus create city life and security. With the six new designparametres, the number of inhabitants in Albertslund Centrum is doubled, which gives both many more eyes on the street.

DESIGNPARAMETRES

B

Marked entrances will make Albertslund Centrum visible from a long distance.

Vognporten is lowered so that a new inclusive urban space can create a strong and secure connection to Musikteatret.

New buildings with enclosed courtyards will ensure the greatest possible comfort and safety for the residents.

The new building must ensure many eyes on the streets, in order to create a sustainable social and safe environment.

The geometry of urban spaces is preserved, and the urban spaces from the center’s modernist origins are respectfully incorporated in future development.

The historic scale with low buildings inwards is respected and preserved, whilst an outward tall urban scale creates coherence with the new dense surrounding buildings.

Aerial view of the two courtyards, the main square and Musikteatret

19 and a greater basis for an active center. The result will be that more than a thousand people in the future will be able to call Albertslund Centrum their home. Albertslund Centrum will thus be populated for several hours, both during the day and not least in the evening, when the shops close and cultural life flourishes. Different typology principles will diversity the Center’s demography, while solving some of the complex issues that come with the upgrade of Albertslund Centrum.

TYPOLOGY PRINCIPLES

Some special buildings are preserved, in order to preserve the history and expression of the center.

Removed buildings are replaced with new up-to-date buildings that retain the geometry and urban space as their predecessors.

P2

Tall buildings will mark the entrances and add a new character, that makes it easier for visitors to find the center from outside.

M

P1 New residential buildings located above the new retail buildings are being withdrawn to maintain the low scale towards the center.

C

A mobility hub with charging stations for cars as well as bicycle parking (M) enhances green transport. Covered parking ranges from full public to private for residents (P1 + P2).

A view from a the main street towards Musikteatret

Towards the surroundings, new buildings completes the enclosed courtyards that secures private space for the residents, and simoultaneusly creates an external urbanity.

20 The tower typology is marking the entrances and arrival points to Albertslund Centrum, with its maximum height of 33 from the center level. The terrace houses ensure in a balanced way that there are eyes on the street without the volume seeming intimidating to those who move at street level in the Center. The blocks are the link between the towers and the terrace houses that create the square structure and the enclosed courtyards. They have balconies of different kinds and sizes.

TYPOLOGY 1 : TERRACE HOUSES

Three different typologies All the different typologies help to lead Albertslund in a new urban chapter.

They all contribute with qualities that reinforces each other’s presence. The different typlogies will most likely also attract different groups of people which helps securing a diverse Center.

TYPOLOGY 2 : BLOCK

TYPOLOGY 3 : TOWER

SECTION CUT : EAST

Vognporten north

Mobility hub with solar panel roof

Courtyard

Parking

Service- and delivery

Residential

21 Above ground is 54,400 new m2, and 11,000 exisiting m2. The revised masterplan contains of a total 65,400 m2 (actual building percentage = 198.2%). In order to live up to new fire requirements, a lowering of Vognporten is necessary. Arrival at the parking facilities on the north plot takes place in two ways: From the north side of Vognporten, and from Nordmarks Allé across the lowered Vongporten. To minimize traffic, Vognporten is planned in one direction in front of Musikteatret.

SITUATION PLAN

B C A

25 m

Retail

Bygangen

Retail

Residential

Parking

Courtyard

Residential

Nordmarks Allé

Enghave Brygge Development Plan

3

In less than twenty years Copenhagen has transformed rapidly from a crisis situation of being almost bankrupt to being the most ‘liveable city’ in the world. Paradoxically, the city has also seen an extreme rise in housing prices, economic imbalancement and an immense social segregation. Maybe the success has an equally - if not greater failure attached to it.

These days Copenhagen is becoming an increasingly exclusive place for a fairly narrow segment of the population.

The diversity of life is fundamentally challenged by a market-driven development model that is pricing large groups of citizens out of the city centre and creating a much more exclusive and homogenous urban population, where generic architecture and urban spaces, individuality and property speculation is the new normal.

The business- and development model that partly kickstarted the development twenty years ago, now seems obsolete and even dangerous to the future social and architectural diversity of Copenhagen. Set in Enghave Brygge, Sydhavnen, this project seeks to question and challenge the current By & Havn development model. By re-thinking the urban development in Copenhagen through shared living, self build houses and other rent- and ownership models, the project is coming up with an alternative to what now is selling itself by “privacy, luxury and cohesion” in the heart of the city.

Semester: 7th Unit: Urbanism & Societal Change, IBBL Tutor: Deane Simpson Unit directors: Deane Simpson Credits: Lovisa Volmarsson & Anton Ling

F

A view from the harbor towards the kayak themed courtyard

24 The supply and demand relationship is defined by the housing market, where there has been an increasing discourse between income and housing costs, from 1995 to 2016, the average housing cost in Copenhagen rose from index 100 to 450, where the average income only grew from 100 to index 150. The current development method does not help minimize this growing gap.

+

95%

By & Havn

5%

CURRENT BY&HAVN BUSINESS MODEL 95%

Developer

By & Havn

5%

Plots sold off to highest bidding developers causing very expensive plots and buildings

Profit goes back to highest bidding developers

INCREASING GAP BETWEEN WAGES AND HOUSING PRICES 3 000

100,000 NEW INHABITANTS EXPECTED BY YEAR 2030 780 000

2 000

600 000

620 000

500 000 1 000

400

400 000

Average gross income per household

Average price per property (1000 dk)

300 000

POPULATION GROWTH IN COPENHAGEN

FUTURE POPULATION GROWTH IN COPENHAGEN

460 00

1995

2000

2005

2010

1995

2015

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

RECENT & FUTURE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AREAS CONTROLLED BY BY&HAVN

By & Havn development areas

By & Havn was founded in 1993 as a part of the new strategy of developing the city and turning the red numbers green. By & Havn is owned 95% by the municipality and 5% of the state and has been operated in the orange fields in the diagram.

It is run like a private company where the main purpose NIGHTINGALE is to sell building SPECULATIVE COOPERATIVE DEVELOPER rights in order to pay back the enormous debt of the metro system. This causes the house prices to go up and results in a nonaffordable homogeneous housing market, social profile and architectural expression or lack of same.

CLT

SELF BUILD

SOCIAL HOUSING

2030

er

25 The current business model must be swapped with one where profit is not the goal but long term sustainability in terms of quality of life, architecture and social diversity is. To do so, it will have to follow an alternative set of design rules, where the citizens are invited in earlier in the process and thus have more impact on the housing development of their city.

RE-THINKING BY&HAVN BUSINESS MODEL 95%

By & Havn

5%

Development of public infrastructure

Establishing rules of development

Digital platform

Smaller plots enables better affordability

A diverse neighbourhood and community

RE-THINKING THE DESIGN- AND PROGRAM RULES FOR DEVELOPMENT 95%

Developer

By & Havn

5%

All zones around the blocks are public accessible

Plot boundaries are defined

Maximum depth of 14m from plot boundaries

The block footprint is divided into smaller plots

The courtyard has to connect to the neighbouring block

Minimum 4m ceiling height in the ground floor

Public and shared functions required along main streets

Maximum height envelope of 36m

Minimum of three different building heights per block

Minimum of 25% social housing

Shared functions between residents

Diversity in different development- and ownership models

INTRODUCING CO-LIVING & SHARING

SPECULATIVE NIGHTINGALE DEVELOPERSTANDARD LIVING

Current standard living with access only to private space

COOPERATIVE

Different facade design from the neighbouring block

All rules combined makes a diverse neighbourhood

There is an almost endless possibilities of how the final design could turn out, since it is up to renters / owners to design from here

SHARING ACROSS DIFFERENT SCALES

CLT

CO-LIVING

Give up a small portion of private space for access to large shared spaces

SELF BUILD

SOCIAL HOUSING

Building scale: Spaces and facilities shared with other inhabitants

Block scale: Common spaces and functions available for the block

Neighbourhood scale: Institutions, facilities and public spaces for all

26 Instead of open courtyards with an undefined space between building and harbor front, they are now closed off in order to enable a continuous public promenade along the front.

The courtyards now have different themes and programs, including one with an urban beach and other with a forest, a sports courtyard, an urban gardening one, etc - supported by the harbor fronts different public activities. There is a focus on making a seasonal variety in order to secure activity all year around.

MAP OF THE COURTYARDS AND HARBOR FRONT

A continuous harbor front with connection to its surroundings

FROM A PRIVITAZED GROUND FLOOR PROGRAM TO A PUBLIC & SHARED GROUND FLOOR PROGRAM

FROM PRIVATIZED TOP FLOORS & TERRACES TO SHARED AND ACCESSABLE TOP FLOORS & ROOF TOPS

FROM AN UNDEFINED SPACE BETWEEN THE HARBOUR FRONT & THE COURTYARDS TO A CLEAR DIVISION BETWEEN SEMI-PRIVATE & PUBLIC SPACE

FROM A HOMOGENOUS COURTYARD PROGRAM TO UNIQUE COURTYARD PROGRAMS AND CONNECTED EXPERIENCES

27 The programs are placed in a juxtaposition, giving the inhabitants a reason to move beyond their own courtyard and create new communities across the blocks. Every building is different and has a different composition of people, forms of living, types of ownership and architectural expression. Some plots are developed as self build, some are social housing, some are private, some are something else. It gives every block a rich and diverse profile of people and social background.

A

A view inside the beach courtyard

B

A view from one of the saunas on the harbor front

C

A view inside the gardening and food lab courtyard

D

A view inside the sports hall courtyard with a ski slope on top

E

A view inside the forest courtyard which offers more intimacy and introvert experiences

28

B

F

C

D

E

A

Plan drawing showing the connected courtyards and the levels from private to public

PUBLIC NEIGHBOURHOOD SHARE BLOCK SHARE BUILDING SHARE PRIVATE

29

Isometric drawing of the design rule based rich architectural diversity and its range from private to public

PUBLIC NEIGHBOURHOOD SHARE BLOCK SHARE BUILDING SHARE PRIVATE

Ejby Campus Masterplan

4

Ejby is located between the index and middle fingers of the Copenhagen Finger Plan in a larger contiguous suburban area. Ejby consists of a small village area that dates back to the Viking era and an industrial area that was built in the 1970’s. The two parts are separated by the high road, Ring 3. Ejby is a part of Glostrup Municipality but has historically been very disconnected to the rest of Glostrup. With the construction of the new Copenhagen Lightrail, the preconditions for this suburban area will change significantly. The fingers become connected and areas that used to be in the periphery become close to the station. Ejby will be in the middle of it all.

The site, Ejby Industrivej 41, is located on Ejby’s largest plot of almost 100,000 m2. Until 2021, the site housed Danske Bank. The property consists of two large, spacious and flexible office properties in block structure. In the future the plot will be divided in two: 62,000 m2 (Egeby) and 38,000 m2 (educational).

Ejby Campus Masterplan consists of a larger educational area and a mixed city district, Egeby. While the educational area will have 23,800 m2 of buildings and a density of 63.5%, Egeby will have approx 84,200 m2 mixed use buildings and a density of approx. 136% (a total of 108,000 m2). The building height varies from predominantly 2-3 floors to the southwest and 4-6 floors to the northeast, with the highest point in 9 floors. The education area Ejby Campus fills the remaining 40% with education buildings in 1-2 floors.

Client: Wihlborgs A/S Partner in charge: Arne Cermak, Sara Bjelke Project leader: Laj Karsten, Javier Sainz Credits: Martin Näf, Sandra Trochimowicz, Ranjana Siva, Eloise Birkland Website link: URBAN POWER

A

View from the street towards Egeby

32 With the mantra “mellem landsby og industriby”, (between village and industrial area), the masterplan seeks to function as the missing link between two contrary areas. As the design concept reveals, the continuation of the existing industrial grid adapts the irregular structure of the village in an organic fashion. The scale of the building gradually transitions from larger commercial office spaces and urban knots, down to smaller, village-alike structures. Both connect the site to its surroundings.

ZONE 1: THE SQUARE AND THE POND

Three different zones Ejby Campus has many different zones of different character and qualitites: ranging from small scale local squares to a large and urban station plaza.

ZONE 2: THE LIGHTRAIL STATION PLAZA AND BYENS HUS

ISOMETRIC VIEW

ZONE 3: COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL STREET

33

THE MASTERPLAN’S DESIGN CONCEPT

1: Continuing the existing industrial grid

2: Adapting the irregular structure of the village

3: Creating courtyards

4: The shared space

5: Rainwater collection

6: The urban and green connection

B

A view towards the new square in Egeby

34 Ejby originally stands for “the place with the oak trees”. That is why the new town between the industrial and the village is called Egeby (Danish for oak village). The city consists of a multitude of different typologies. The low buildings to the west orient themselves towards the village and try to connect to Ejby’s origins. The larger blocks serve as a typological transition from the small terrace houses to the large office- and education buildings that connect to the existing industrial part to the east.

1

Lightrail station

2

The lightrail station plaza

3

Byens Hus - community house

4

Nursery institution

5

The new urban connection

6

Protected forest area

7

Commercial- and retail street

8

The campus square

9

The square and the pond

10

Cantine

11

Paddle tennis court & outdoor fitness

12

Rooftop terraces

13

Lounge

14

Open courtyards

P

Parking

1

Transformed commercial & office building

2

Retail and student housing

3

Educational buildings

1

P

2

NORDRE RINGVEJ

3 5

4

2 6

EGEBY 1

Row houses

9 2

Duplex / 2+1

3

Apartments

1

10 B

P

4

Student housing

5

“Punkthuse”

EJBY LANDSBY

35 Ejby Campus and Egeby consists of a community house, Byens Hus, of 840 m2, a nusery institution of 1,350 m2, 8,000 m2 office, 5,100 m2 retail, 45,600 m2 housing, 10,100 m2 studio housing and the 23,800 m2 large education area. Of this, there is approximately 13,300 m2 of parking in the construction. The diversification of different typologies and programmes secures activity most of the day. In between all the buildings are a lot of oak trees, strengthening Egeby’s identity as the oak village.

5

A

P 7

2

8

EJBY INDUSTRIVEJ

1

4

11

P

12 13

3

3

3

EJBY CAMPUS 14

EJBY INDUSTRIBY

25 m

Microplotting the City

5

The extreme rise in housing prices Copenhagen has witnessed in recent years causes an increasing gap between the rich and poor. The outcome of this is a socially distorted city where different groups of society do not meet each other in everyday life anymore. This curve does not seem to break in the near future. What can we do to avoid the creation of a parallel social infrastructure that breaks with the ideology of the welfare city on which Copenhagen is built upon.

Set in Sydhavnen, ‘Microplotting the City’ seeks to subvert this demographic discourse by opening up the possibility of creating micro plots in areas with unused potential, with the logic of how small architectural interventions can have great societal outcomes in leftover spaces. The shown example is just one out of many potential outcomes that Microplotting The City could have.

This case is based on a three-step model, where the first step is to change the current local plan legislation in Sydhavnen that makes this possible.

Secondly, a physical construction for the users to intake, where a toolbox of design principles is set to keep the social, functional and aesthetic balance.

Thirdly, the users will each have to decorate their own unit following a type case logic, which creates a mozaique of different programmes and facades, resulting in an almost anti-aesthetic but honest co-created architecture, where the pre-defined architectural principles will uphold the order in this chaos.

Semester: 9th Unit: Urbanism & Societal Change, IBBL Tutor: Morten Kjer Jeppesen Unit directors: Deane Simpson Credits: Malina Packness Iannone

A of the microplot hotel from the other side of the street

38 The intention is to develop a network of microplots across the city that will help blurring up the current social boundaries. These have many different potential variations and sites. This project is an example of what could happen by making the unused space in front of a Shurgard self storage hotel into a microplot hotel with a hundred different small rentable units. Each with different owners; some may be public, some shared, some private and some something completely else.

URBAN STRATEGY & DESIGN CONCEPT

Current status

Intention

Urban strategy

Park Network across neighbourhoods

Villa area

Buildings

Courtyards

Different potential variations

Site and the microplot

CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES

Complete structure

Staircase

100 units

Slabs & elevators

Construction

Foundation

INFRASTRUCTURE AND USE Shurgard clients

Shared

Microplotters

Private

Public

Commercial Public

Infrastructure

Program & use

100 unique and personal plots A principle inspired by the architect and urbanist Jane Jacobs’ timeless advice that “cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody”.

39 Beside the elevators in each side, the project has a social infrastructure with a staircase passing by little platforms functional as common spaces for the users and visitors. From here the different units can be accessed without disturbing the infrastructure of Shurgard at all.

Not counting the staircase leading to the public rooftop, the steel construction has a measurement of 7x60 meter and has a potential of hosting everything from galleries and studios to saunas and gardens.

FRONT VIEW ELEVATION

Model photo seen from the road

A view down the hallway from the shared space

Model photo seen from the opposite parking lot

Agger Culture House

6

In biting empty winds, on the edge of the North Sea, lies Agger. A place where the silence is noisy, the void between the houses catches the eye and nothing but lyme grass really grows. After an end to an era as a fishing village, Agger is now facing an identity crisis. One, which in the worst case scenario could result in a closure of the town. This project is trying to solve this identity crisis Agger is now facing.

The neighboring towns of Klitmøller and Vorupør are the villages Agger has always compared itself to but for the sake of God do not want to be like. These two former fishing villages, have faced the same crisis as Agger do now, but have reinvented themselves through the common identity and brand “Cold Hawaii”. Common to all three villages, however, is that they are located in what since 2007 has been called “National Park Thy”. An exponentially growing brand, which year by year attracts more tourists, due to its unique nature, wildlife and weather conditions.

In parallel to National Park Thy, 12 Nordic chefs who wrote a manifesto in 2004, for the new Nordic cuisine. In this manifesto, the chefs stated that Nordic cuisine easily can be compared to the best cuisines in the world in terms of taste and uniqueness, but also in its pursuit of the quality and charm that regional cuisines have. Today, fifteen years later, this research, interest and necessity in the field has never been greater.

Here lies an inherently unseen and unique opportunity for Agger - and only Agger since it has completely overlooked how it is actually geographically placed in the epicenter of the New Nordic natural garden.

Semester: 5th, undergraduate thesis Unit: City & Landscape, IBBL Tutor: Knud Kappel Unit directors: Katrine Lotz

A

A view inside one of the scienist- and researcher units

42 The site of the new culture house is placed where the main road meets the public hiking trails and the geographical entrance to Nationalpark Thy. With an architectural expression inspired by the bunkers and the black wooden houses unique to Agger, the building will consist of a restaurant, temporary housing for scientists, workshops, labs, a reception, a new public square, a cooperated shop, a café and a watchtower.

MAP OF OFFICIAL ROUTES CROSSING THE SITE

PLAN SECTION CUT IN GROUND FLOOR Nortrail hiking trail The National Park’s hiking trail Vestkyststien’s bike trail Public transport The road to Høfte 90 Nationalpark Thy

MAP OF THE STRONGEST LOCAL IDENTITIES Dagli Brugsen The Black Houses D

Bunkers from WWII A

C B

AXONOMETRIC VIEW

A Nationalpark entrance The building’s back is leaning up against a 20km long concrete coastal securing path and entrance to the Nationalpark. From here it folds out and defines a public square with transparence for both the eye and the body.

The landscape surface will partly be taken over by the region’s unique lyme grass.

SECTION CUT : NORTH

43 The selected views and openings in the building will make sure that the different spaces will receive a natural Nordic light when they need it. The public watchtower is oriented towards the water and has a corten back to secure privacy for the citizens of Agger. Its proportions and silhouette imitates the three other lighthouses on the coast and connects the building to the rest of the Thy region.

SECTION CUT : SOUTH

B

The tower imitates the lighthouses on the West Coast

D

A view towards the new square

C

A view inside the café and its sea view

Vejlevej 11

7

During my internship at BIG, I was a part of many different projects. One of them being Vejlevej 11, where I had the honor of being a part of BIG’s very first brick facade housing project, which is now under construction.

On Vejlevej 11 my field of responsibility grew gradually from doing renders, diagrams and building models to being in charge of the actual materials and elements used in the interior and exterior design. I did calculations of materials costs as well as having independent business meetings and presentations with manufacturers and developers.

Vejlevej 11 is a residential building comprising a combination of private, public and elderly care homes in Billund, Denmark. The 6,600 m2 residence will include 25 public housing units to be built for Billund Housing Association, 11 elderly care homes for Billund Municipality, and 28 rental apartments for Kirkbi.

The overall building expression is conceived as a set of “brick blocks”, associated with the feeling of quality and robustness. The materiality is further strengthened by covering the balconies and the underside of the cantilevering parts with bricks. The top part of the cantilevering boxes become the balconies for the apartments above, enclosed by a transparent handrail of glass. More brick elements are thoughtfully integrated through the building, as lighting expressed in the format of the brick.

Semester: Internship at BIG Project leaders: Joos Jerne, Allen Shakir Credits: Team VEJL Status: Under construction Full project link: BIG

A

View from the round about

46 The building forms a gentle curve along the corner streets of Vejlevej and Hans Jensens Vej and rises to the height of the building on the opposite street, while the corner ends are pressed down to meet the scale of the neighboring buildings. The building mass rises in the form of stacked boxes with each unit staggering to create niche spaces for terraces and balconies. The size of the facade openings gradually decrease towards the middle of the building and increase towards the end corners.

CONCEPT DIAGRAM

AXONOMETRIC VIEW

D

E

B

B A

Model photo

Model photo

Model photo

Model photo

47

B

View from street

C

View from pedestrian cross

D

Close facade view

E

Entrance view

A view inside a unit’s living room and kitchen

A view from a unit’s balcony

A view inside a bedroom