Ä
Ĺ?
(1#!3.1 ēŊ Ŋ Ŋ }
Ŋ Ŋ,#"( !(¢-ĔŊ/.1Ŋ24Ŋ "(-;,(! ĔŊ2(%-($(! Ŋ '.11.Ŋ"#Ŋ"(-#1.ĔŊ 3(#,/.ĔŊ#-#1%~ 2ĔŊ/#1.Ŋ 2. 1#Ŋ3.".Ŋ#5(3 Ŋ+ Ŋ ! 1% Ŋ#,.!(.- +Ŋ"#Ŋ 2./.13 1Ŋ#+Ŋ -%423(.2.Ŋ 8Ŋ"#2 %1 " +#Ŋ/+#(3.ēŊ 1#5(#-#Ŋ8Ŋ1#24#+5#Ŋ +.2Ŋ!.-$+(!3.2Ŋ#-Ŋ#+Ŋ ,#-.1Ŋ3(#,/.Ŋ/.2( +#Ŋ 8Ŋ!.-Ŋ#+Ŋ,#-.1Ŋ!.23.ē
Ä–ĹŠ
ēŊ Ŋ Ŋ
;b YedY[fje h[ijh_d]_Ze Z[ c[Z_WY_ÂŒd" Yece \_]khW `kh‡Z_YW WkjÂŒdecW" [d dk[ijhW b[]_ibWY_ÂŒd" [ij| [ijWXb[Y_Ze [d [b Whj$ *) Z[ bW B7OC" o fWhW [\[Yjei b[]Wb[i jhW# ikdjW bei [b[c[djei [i[dY_Wb[i gk[ Z[\_d[d [b fheY[Z_c_[dje$ FWhW Wb]kdei Wkjeh[i [b YedY[f# je Wf[dWi i[ Yec_[dpW W Z[\_d_h$ ;d dk[ijhW ef_d_ÂŒd" bWi YWhWYj[# h‡ij_YWi Z[b cƒjeZe Z[\_d[d [b Yed# Y[fje Z[ c[Z_WY_ÂŒd" o de lWcei W WXkdZWh [d Z_igk_i_Y_ed[i Yed# Y[fjkWb[i" fk[i [bbe de [i eX`[je Z[ [ij[ Whj‡Ykbe$ ;b Z_YY_edWh_e ĂˆfWhW WYbWhWh bW deY_ÂŒdÉ jhW[ Wb]kdei i_dÂŒd_cei0 _dj[hl[dY_ÂŒd" WYk[h# Ze" _dj[hc[Z_WY_ÂŒd1 fWhW deie# jhei" [b c|i Y[hYWde [i ÆWhh[]beÇ o feZ[cei [if[Y_\_YWhbe0 ÆWhh[]be YedY[hjWZeÇ Z[ kdW Yedjhel[hi_W$ Kd Wif[Yje _cfehjWdj[ gk[ j_[d[ gk[ l[h Yed [b Yedj[d_Ze Z[ bW c[Z_WY_ÂŒd Yece kd fheY[ie Z[ cWd[`e Z[ Yed\b_Yjei$ De i_[c# fh[ i[ fk[Z[ WjWYWh o h[iebl[h bW YWkiW Z[b Yed\b_Yje1 f[he i_ [b cƒjeZe be]hW h[ZkY_h [b d_l[b Z[b Yed\b_Yje" [i Z[Y_h WXh[ [ifWY_ei Z[ Z_|be]e o d[]eY_WY_ÂŒd Z_h[YjW" i[ Yed\_]khW bW Z[\_d_Y_ÂŒd o eX`[je Z[ bW c[Z_WY_ÂŒd$ BW c[Z_WY_ÂŒd WokZW W0 # H[ZkY_h bei eXij|Ykbei W bW Yeckd_YWY_ÂŒd [djh[ bei fWhj_# Y_fWdj[i$ # H[Wb_pWh Wb c|n_ce bW [nfbehW# Y_ÂŒd Z[ Wbj[hdWj_lWi$ # 7j[dZ[h W bWi d[Y[i_ZWZ[i Z[ jeZei bei gk[ [d [bbW _dj[hl_[# d[d$
"(3.1 ĹŠ ÂĄ ĹŠ
ĹŠ ĹŠ ÂĄ ĹŠ ĹŠ ĹŠ ĹŠ ĹŠĹŠĹŠĹŠ'33/ľľ666Ä“"#1#!'.#!4 ".1Ä“!., (1#!!(¢-Ä–ĹŠ 1#- 2ĹŠ8ĹŠÄˆÄ‡ĹŠ"#ĹŠ %.23.ĔŊ "($ēŊ (5 -!.ĔŊĎ3.ēŊ/(2.ŊġŊ #+_$.-.2Ä–ĹŠÄ‰ÄŽÄŽÄˆÄąÄŽÄŽÄ‰ÄľÄ‰ÄŽÄŽÄŽÄąÄŒÄŠÄˆÄľÄ‰ÄŽÄ‡Ä‡ÄąÄ‰ÄŒÄŽÄľÄ‰ÄŽÄŽÄ‰ÄąÄˆÄŠÄŽĹŠĹŠÄˇĹŠ Äą, (+Ä– ĹŠ)4"(!( +Äž"#1#!'.#!4 ".1Ä“!.,ĹŠ
+ĹŠ!.-!#/3.ĹŠ8ĹŠ ! 1;!3#1ĹŠ"#ĹŠ+ ĹŠ ,#"( !(¢# FhefehY_edWh kd ceZ[be fWhW bW \kjkhW h[iebkY_ÂŒd Z[ Yed\b_Y# jei$ # ;ij| Z_h_]_ZW W bei h[ikbjWZei" o de W bWi YWkiWi _dj[hdWi Z[b Yed# \b_Yje$ :[X[ Yedi_Z[hWhi[ Yece kd Yed`kdje Z[ ^WX_b_ZWZ[i o kd fheY[ie Wb YkWb bei fhe\[i_e# dWb[i j_[d[d WYY[ie fWhW h[Yk# hh_h W ik kie i[b[Yj_le YkWdZe bei fheXb[cWi Z[cWdZWd kd Yedl[d_e Ye^[h[dj[ [djh[ bWi fWhj[i [d Yed\b_Yje$ De eXijWdj[" i[ fh[Y_iW ĂˆZ[djhe Z[ dk[ijhei eX`[j_leiÉ Z_\[h[dY_Wh [djh[ c[Z_Wh o Z[\[dZ[h e _dj[h# c[Z_Wh$ Feh [`[cfbe" [d Wb]‘d cec[dje i[ Yed\kdZ_ÂŒ bei Yed# Y[fjei Z[ c[Z_WZeh Yeckd_jWh_e o Z[\[dieh Yeckd_jWh_e" be YkWb Ăˆ[d [b YWie Z[b heb c[Z_WZeh Z[b :[\[diehÉ h[ijW _cfWhY_Wb_ZWZ W ik _dj[hl[dY_ÂŒd$ ;d dk[ijhW ÂŒfj_# YW [b :[\[dieh Ykcfb[ Zei \kd# Y_ed[i \kdZWc[djWb[i0 Z[\[dZ[h o c[Z_Wh$ Be YkWb i[ jhWZkY[ [d bW fh|Yj_YW [d kdW ZeXb[ YedZ_Y_ÂŒd" [d Zei cec[djei e YWiei Z_ij_d# jei0 Ykcfb[ [b fWf[b Z[ Z[\[dieh e _dj[hc[Z_WZeh YkWdZe WYj‘W [d Z[\[diW Z[ bei Z[h[Y^ei Z[b c|i ZƒX_b \h[dj[ Wb W]h[ieh" o [i c[Z_W# Zeh YkWdZe" Yece j[hY[he _cfWh# Y_Wb" WokZW W bWi fWhj[i W gk[ Whh_# X[d W bW iebkY_ÂŒd Z[b Yed\b_Yje$ JWcX_ƒd i[ YedeY[ Yece c[Z_W# Y_ÂŒd Wb Yed`kdje Z[ fh|Yj_YWi Z_i[# ‹WZWi fWhW WokZWh W bWi fWhj[i [d Yed\b_Yje" WXh_ƒdZebWi W iebkY_e# d[i Yh[Wj_lWi$ 9Wh|Yj[h :[b Yedj[nje ][d[hWb Z[ bW B[o i[ Z[ifh[dZ[d bWi i_]k_[dj[i YWhWY#
Ĺ?Ä ÄƒĹ? Ĺ? Ĺ? Ĺ?Ä‚Ä€Ä Ä
Ĺ? +. Ĺ? ÄŒĹ? Ĺ? +Ä?Ĺ?ĊĆĊĊ
j[h‡ij_YWi0 W$ 7i_ij[dY_W Z[ kd j[hY[he _cfWhY_Wb$ 7kdgk[ bei j[n# jei b[]Wb[i be bbWcWd d[kjhWb" Z[b_X[hWZWc[dj[ fh[\[h_cei Z[dec_dWhbe _cfWhY_Wb $ X$ LebkdjWh_W$ ;i Z[Y_h" Z[X[d YedYkhh_h b_Xh[c[dj[ bWi fWh# j[i1 i_ kdW Z[ [bbWi i[ d_[]W W Wi_ij_h" de ^Wo c[Z_WY_Œd$ Y$ CWj[h_W jhWdi_]_Xb[$ ;b fh_dY_# f_e [i gk[ jeZW cWj[h_W [i iki# Y[fj_Xb[ Z[ c[Z_WY_Œd$ Z$ ;njhW`kZ_Y_Wb$ ;ije [i" [d bk]Wh Z[ `k_Y_e o \k[hW Z[b fheY[ie `kZ_Y_Wb$ [$ :[\_d_j_lW$ Gk[ fed[ \_d Wb Yed# \b_Yje$ Bei fkdjei gk[ Yedij[d [d [b WYk[hZe de feZh|d [nY[f# Y_edWhi[" [b `k[p i[ b_c_jWh| W [`[YkjWhbe$ \$ 9ed\_Z[dY_Wb$ ;ijW fWhj_Yk# bWh_ZWZ f[hi_]k[ lWh_ei fhe# fŒi_jei$ BW fei_X_b_ZWZ Z[ [nfh[iWhi[ Yed \hWdgk[pW o WX_[hjWc[dj[" Yed bW i[]kh_# ZWZ Z[ gk[ be h[l[bWZe Z[djhe Z[ bW WkZ_[dY_W de feZh| i[h kj_b_pWZe \k[hW Z[ [bbW" ieXh[ jeZe i_ de ^kX_[h[ WYk[hZe o i[ Yedj_d‘[ [d `k_Y_e e WhX_jhW`[$ BW Yed\_Z[dY_Wb_ZWZ _dYbko[ Wb c[Z_WZeh" gk_[d" WZ[c|i" de feZh| Z_lkb]Wh Wgk[bbe gk[ i[ Z_]W [d bWi i[i_ed[i fh_lWZWi" iWble gk[ i[W [nfb‡Y_jWc[d# j[ Wkjeh_pWZe$ BW b[o fh[lƒ bW h[dkdY_W [nfh[iW Z[ bWi fWhj[i W bW Yed\_Z[dY_Wb_ZWZ Whj$ +& Z[ bW B7OC $ ]$ ?d\ehcWb$ 7 Z_\[h[dY_W Z[b fheY[ie WhX_jhWb e `kZ_Y_Wb" bW c[Z_WY_Œd de i[ ]k‡W XW`e [jWfWi h_]kheiWi gk[ ikfed[d
ÂĄ ĹŠ
fhk[XWi" jÂ&#x192;hc_dei e fbWpei$ BW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d [i kd cÂ&#x192;jeZe [ijhkYjkhWZe feh bWi d[Y[i_ZW# Z[i gk[ fbWdj[[d bWi fWhj[i$ ^$ <b[n_Xb[$ De h[gk_[h[ fh[Y[# Z[dj[i b[]Wb[i$ _$ De WZl[hiWh_Wb$ 7 Z_\[h[dY_W Z[b b_j_]_e" gk[ [i kdW \ehcW WZl[hiWh_Wb Z[ WZ`kZ_YWY_Â&#x152;d o i[ ikij[djW [d bW Yed\hedjWY_Â&#x152;d" bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d [i YebWXehWj_lW" bWi fWhj[i Yedl[h][d ^WY_W bW XÂ&#x2018;igk[ZW _dj[b_][dj[ o Yh[Wj_# lW Z[ kdW iebkY_Â&#x152;d ckjkWc[d# j[ iWj_i\WYjeh_W gk[ fed]W \_d W bW Yedjhel[hi_W$ `$ L_i_Â&#x152;d Z[ \kjkhe$ De h[cWhYW bei ^[Y^ei fWiWZei d_ XkiYW YkbfWXb[i" fk[i ][d[hWbc[dj[ [d [bbe hWZ_YW [b Yed\b_Yje1 bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d ^WY[ ^_dYWf_Â&#x192; [d bWi iebkY_ed[i" de _dj[h[iW be Wdj[h_eh i_de YÂ&#x152;ce h[iebl[h [b fheXb[cW ^WY_W [b \kjkhe$ >WijW WgkÂ&#x2021; ^[cei l_l_Ze [b fheXb[cW" [d WZ[bWdj[ lWcei W l_l_h bW iebkY_Â&#x152;d$ L[djW`Wi0 FWhW ikXhWoWh bW lWb_Z[p Z[b cÂ&#x192;jeZe" [djh[ bWi YWhWYj[hÂ&#x2021;ij_YWi Z[ bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d i[ fk[Z[d _dYbk_h bWi i_]k_[dj[i l[djW`Wi0 '$ Ă&#x203A;]_b$ Kd Yed\b_Yje" gk[ feh lÂ&#x2021;W `kZ_Y_Wb Z[cehWhÂ&#x2021;W [d h[iebl[h# i[ lWh_ei WÂ&#x2039;ei" [d c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d fk[Z[ h[gk[h_h Z[ kdW iebW i[i_Â&#x152;d fWhW YedYbk_hi[$ ($ ;YedÂ&#x152;c_YW$ BW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d" feh ik Z_d|c_YW" i_]d_\_YW W^ehhe Z[ Z_d[he" j_[cfe" [d[h]Â&#x2021;Wi" f[he ieXh[ jeZe [l_jW bW YWh]W [ceY_edWb Z[ iefehjWh [b Wd]kij_eie o Z[iW]hWZWXb[ fb[_je$ Fh[l_[d[ o h[ik[bl[ bei
Yed\b_Yjei [d [b c[deh j_[cfe fei_Xb[ o Yed [b c[deh Yeije$ )$ ;gk_jWj_lW$ Bei fheY[Z_c_[d# jei Yedjhel[hi_Wb[i kikWbc[d# j[ j[hc_dWd Yed kd ]WdWZeh W [nf[diWi Z[b f[hZ[Zeh$ BW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d i[ WZWfjW W bWi d[Y[# i_ZWZ[i Z[ bWi fWhj[i o XkiYW iWj_i\WY[h iki _dj[h[i[i$ :[iZ[ bk[]e [bbe _cfb_YW gk[ WcXWi fWhj[i YedY[ZWd Wb]e [d X[d[# \_Y_e Z[b ejhe1 f[he i_[cfh[ [ijW Wbj[hdWj_lW [i c[`eh gk[ [b h_[i# ]e Z[b \_dWb Z[lWijWZeh Z[ kd `k_Y_e$ *$ :[ceYh|j_YW$ BWi fWhj[i j_[# d[d [b feZ[h Z[ Z[Y_i_Â&#x152;d$ BW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d i_]d_\_YW kdW ik[h# j[ Z[ Wkje]eX_[hde \h[dj[ W kdW WZc_d_ijhWY_Â&#x152;d Z[ `kij_Y_W [d]ehheiW o \ehcWb_ijW" b[djW" YeijeiW o [d ckY^ei YWiei YehhkfjW$ De [i [b `k[p" |hX_jhe e jh_XkdWb" gk_[d h[ik[bl[ feh [bbWi$ BW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d" Wb _]kWb gk[ bW d[]eY_WY_Â&#x152;d Z_h[YjW" h[Ykf[# hW fWhW bWi fWhj[i bW YWfWY_ZWZ o Yecf[j[dY_W Z[ WYehZWh kdW iebkY_Â&#x152;d gk[ Yedl[d]W W iki _dj[h[i[i$ ?dYh[c[djW bW fWh# j_Y_fWY_Â&#x152;d Z[ bei Y_kZWZWdei o \WY_b_jW ik WYY[ie W bW `kij_Y_W$ :_\[h[dY_Wi [djh[ c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d o b_j_]_e ;d YedjhWfei_Y_Â&#x152;d Yed bei cÂ&#x192;jeZei WZl[hiWh_Wb[i Z[ h[iebk# Y_Â&#x152;d Z[ Yed\b_Yjei" c_[djhWi Â&#x192;ijei f[hi_]k[d [b eX`[j_le WXijhWYje Z[ Z[iYkXh_h bW l[hZWZ" bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d XkiYW kdW iebkY_Â&#x152;d YedY[hjWZW Z[iZ[ bei _dj[h[i[i Z[ bWi fWhj[i$ ;d [b b_j_]_e bWi fWhj[i i[ [d\h[djWd o ied Yedj[dZ_[dj[i1 [d bW c[Z_W# Y_Â&#x152;d WYjÂ&#x2018;Wd `kdjWi" Yeef[hWj_lW# c[dj[$ ;d [b fh_c[h YWie kd j[hY[# he ikfb[ bW lebkdjWZ Z[ bWi fWhj[i1 [d [b i[]kdZe Â&#x192;ijWi cWdj_[d[d [b Yedjheb Z[b fheY[Z_c_[dje o WYk[hZWd ik fhef_W Z[Y_i_Â&#x152;d$ ;d [b fb[_je bW kdW fWhj[ ]WdW o bW ejhW f_[hZ[1 [d bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d jeZei i[ X[d[\_Y_Wd Yed bW iebkY_Â&#x152;d gk[ `kdjei ^Wd Yh[WZe$ ;d [b fhe# Y[Z_c_[dje `kZ_Y_Wb bW Z[Y_i_Â&#x152;d i[ XWiW [d bW b[o e [d kd fh[Y[Z[dj[ o de i_[cfh[ iWj_i\WY[ [b _dj[hÂ&#x192;i Z[ bWi fWhj[i1 [d bW c[Z_WY_Â&#x152;d bW Z[Y_i_Â&#x152;d h[ik[bl[ [b fheXb[cW Z[ bWi fWhj[i Z[ Yed\ehc_ZWZ W iki fhef_ei _dj[h[i[i" i_d _cfehjWh bW iebkY_Â&#x152;d `khÂ&#x2021;Z_YW e bei fh[Y[Z[d# j[i `kZ_Y_Wb[i$
Ĺ? Ĺ?
Ĺ?