Park the Stress

Park the Stress Kyrylo Sledz

DIA 2017/18 1st. supervisor Joris Fach 2nd. supervisor Roger Bundschuh

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CONTENT PAGE

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Parking by Joris Fach

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Park the Stress

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Bathing & Spa history

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Body Cult

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Spa in Berlin

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Building analysis

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Design strategy

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Bibliography `

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PARKING

by Joris Fach

The arguably most generic building typology of the 20th century, the parking garage, is underused. At least in European city centers these bare, three-dimensional frameworks increasingly stay empty, while – paradoxically – curbsides are jam-packed with cars. Attracted by their prime locations we will adopt these concrete skeletons as site and framework for our architectural projects. We will explore their rigorous infrastructure, distill their qualities and shortcomings, negotiate standardized column grids and low ceilings, but also take advantage of multiple, readily available levels, above and below ground.

Functionally speaking we will deliberately misinterpret the word parking and imbue our projects with the characteristics of public parks. Partly programmed and manicured, partly hard-wearing and uncontrolled we will develop spaces for communities that not only share interests, but are also willing to share facilities and services. Car parks will transform into office parks, botanical parks, , retail parks, leisure and amusement parks, reshaping their generic frameworks into specific nodes of the urban tapestry.

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PARK THE STRESS

by Kyrylo Sledz

Parking and transport are usually associated with people with stress. People spend 32 hours a year standing in traffic jams and 17 hours a year searching for a parking spot. The stress that arises due to the slight problem is accumulated daily on the way to work and back.

To break this vicious circle and change the association with parking and transport it is proposed to turn one of the parking lots in the center of Berlin into a spa. People can rest and distract from everyday problems, without spending a lot of time traveling out of the city.

Parking is in the smallest district of Berlin - Schoenberg, located just between the luxurious Wilmersdorf and the trendy Kreuzberg.

Here multicultural groups of people live and have a very extravagant lifestyle. Parking on Kalckreuthstrasse 3 has only 40% efficiency rate.

The idea of spa was to create a form of cave or quarry like structure. Complex with swimming pools at various levels. Creating unique experiences of rest in the city, being in an artificial „natural“ environment.

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Baths of Caracalla

100AD - 700AD

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BATHING & SPA HISTORY Termas were facilities for public bathing in ancient Rome. While conquering territories, Roman Empire was spreading the culture of public bathing through European countries. Most Roman cities had at least one termas, which were centers not only for bathing, but socializing. Termas were elite place for people to talk about bussiness and politics.

They also featured specific areas for changing clothes, restrooms, massages, exercise, and even areas to eat and drink wine. Roman bath-houses were also included for private villas and townhouses.

They were usually supplied with water from the aqueducts.

The biggest termas of Roman Empire are Baths of Diocledian (305 AD), Baths of Caracalla (217 AD) and Bath of Trajan (109 AD) in Rome.

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„The Baths at Loèche” by Hans Bock the Elder, 1597.

700AD - 1700AD

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Roman empire collapsed in 476 AD and the Dark Ages started.

The Roman aqueducts and indoor plumbing was not used, as a result, a lot of showers, public bathhouses, and private bathing facilities disappeared, starting a new era of uncleanliness throughout Europe.

In 700s AD Public bathhouses regained its popularity despite some disapproval from the Catholic Church, carried on as centers of socialization and relaxation. People would even have dinner parties in baths, with a plank placed over the top of the bath as a table for food, and a musician entertaining them nearby. Some bathhouses gained a reputation for being similar to brothels for sexual entertainment.

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The Great Bath in Bath (UK)

1700AD - 2018AD

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After a hiatus, public baths began to reopen in the 1800s. The first modern public baths were opened in Liverpool, England, in 1829.

And a renewed interest in ancient Roman and Turkish baths, such as those used by the Ottoman Empire, spurred the Western world to open its doors to cleaner versions of these public bathhouses.

The idea that a lot of diseases could be prevented by sanitation and good hygiene had begun to take hold.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, „taking the waters” began being a fashionable for Europe’s upper classes. In fact, the popularity of this habit is what established places in the UK, such as Bath, Brighton and Harrogate, as early tourism destinations. Today’s spa is an interesting combination of ancient traditions and modern facilities; in recent years, the value of prevention, healthy lifestyles, and relaxation has been embraced by many and the spa is again finding its place in modern society as a place uniquely geared to address these needs.

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Olympic Games, Ancient Greek runners

800BC - 500AD

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BODY CULT The cult of the body was a practice established in ancient Greece.

A strong body with prominent muscles and a great physiognomy, like a Greek god. In Greek mythology, the tribute to perfection, eternity, and the body itself had a key role in the society.

Undoubtedly, the cult of the body was benefited by the athletic disciplines of this society. In the oldest Greek representations, nudity was very popular, and the images almost trespassed the levels of physical beauty to represent the individual character of the person.

Considering athletics as a fundamental part for the selfdevelopment of every citizen, Greeks considered the cult of the body a duty and social value, which used to give people a high level of importance, righteousness, and admiration.

It was that fact that eventually made a simple harmonious factor go beyond the sports arena, so the Greeks ended up worshiping the beauty of a perfect body; a silhouette that matched the pattern of behavior imposed by themselves, corresponding to the objectives achieved by their various deities, including the goddess Aphrodite or the renowned wrestler Hercules.

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Spanish Inquisition, Burning Heretics at Stake

500AD - 1300AD

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With growth of big world religions body culture changed. Power structures of these religions were anti-body, and it mostly remains to this day. The religious idea is that the body is not physical - body is source of it`s own authority, the body gives the sense of what`s wrong or right, of sense of who people are, what`s important.

The body became more and more associated with paganism, and the Christian church was quite repressive of the body. People who were really into the body will consider the heretics or witches.

The idea on how people treated body at that time was formed by René Descartes: „ I think, therefore I am. “

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Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci, 1490.

1300AD - 1600AD

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The art and artists of the Renaissance, more specifically the Italian Renaissance, played a role in the evolution of anatomy. The science of anatomy had evolved from its shadowed past as an executioners aid and began to play a major role in the medical schools of the time.

The combined efforts of the artists and anatomists to accurately depict the human body elevated anatomy to a higher form. More specifically, the unique approach taken by the artists allowed anatomy to be viewed in a completely new way for the first time.

Vitruvian Man by Leonardo Da Vinci demonstrates the blend of mathematics and art during the Renaissance and shows Leonardo's deep understanding of proportion. In addition, this picture represents a cornerstone of Leonardo's attempts to relate man to nature. He believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the universe.

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Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Chemnitz, Germany, 1868.

1600AD - 1900AD

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The Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period during which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban.

At that point body became seen as a machine, people at the time was considered as workforce People treated themselves as machines, so they simply became cogs in the machine. At that point the objectification of the body was becoming very normal the idea of the body.

Body as object, rather body as I.

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1900AD - 2018AD

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In modern times world became increasingly commercial and the body became commercial as well. If you go to your average gym, you will see people treating their bodies as things to be traded, to be used, to manipulate people, as object of consumer desire.

This encourages people to lead a healthy lifestyle, exercise, use healthy food, it makes sense to get rid of bad habits. Increases the quality of human life and it's duration.

But then, people becoming obsessed with their bodies. Inner side becoming less and less important in society. Its own natural beauty and its uniqueness have completely ceased to be valued, artificial "improvements" are given priority. In modern youth, their "shell" becomes a means of achieving the goal, a means of earning.

That is why, today so many young people do plastic surgeries, so cosmetic injecting procedures have such insane popularity.

And then comes a deep and devastating disappointment.

Long-term depression, psychological problems, even mental disorders, when young people are faced with failure to achieve the desired "90-60-90". The striking discrepancy between the desired and the real becomes the cause of the emergence of internal conflicts, with which not every individual can cope on his own.

Today the body is something that should give pleasure and basically should be ignored if it's not.

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SPA IN BERLIN Berlin inhabitants are mostly very active people. More than 40% of youth are going to the gym. That's why gym facilities are all around the city. Some of the gyms has swimming pools next door, but there are not many public swimming pools that have proper Olympic swimming lanes for training.

Most of the spas are located closer to city center next to Tiergarten. Usually spa is part of hotel facilities like Club Olympus Spa & Fitness, which is part of Hyatt Hotel. Some of spa can afford to be independent, the biggest spa like this in Berlin is Vabali spa, which is located in the park.

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CLUB OLYMPUS SPA & FITNESS One of the fanciest spa in Berlin, located on he border of Kreuzberg and Tiergarten districts and it is part of Grand Hyatt Berlin. Area of spa is more than 800 sq m, which includes roof terrace. Olypmus spa has an indoor pool, a large outdoor terrace, a whirlpool, a sauna, a steam bath and a solarium. Almost all of cosmetic treatments are represented in the spa.

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VABALI SPA Spa is located in Fritz-Schloss Park in the Mitte, Berlin. The territory of spa complex spreads over 20,000 sq. m. In the middle of the site there is a 200 m² pool which serves as the focal point of the grounds.

Vabali spa offers different types of saunas indoor and outdoor. In the center of main building there is the nude sauna surrounded by the 50 sq. m. pool.

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SCHĂ–NEBERG Parking is in the smallest district of Berlin - Schoenberg, located just between the luxurious Wilmersdorf and the trendy Kreuzberg.

Here multicultural groups of people live and have a very extravagant lifestyle. The inhabitants of SchĂśneberg are also quite multicultural, tolerant and joyous, but they have a quite extravagant lifestyle too.

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BUILDING ANALYSIS Parking is on Kalckreuthstrasse 3. It is currently operating and it has 530 parking spots at 8 levels. Parking currently has only 40% efficiency rate.

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Existing garage typical floor plan.

Each floor houses 66 cars.

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Existing facade consists of metal I-beams in 2 colors.

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Interior has three types of concrete: One for floor, ceiling and columns.

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The car parking has eight levels including basement and rooftop.

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The natural cave

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Man-made cave

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CONCEPT The idea of spa was to create a form of cave or quarry like structure. Complex with swimming pools at various levels. Creating unique experiences of rest in the city, being in an artificial „natural“ environment.

Basement level of parking is sunk, creating Olympic swimming pool with columns going through. Also adding a swimming pool on rooftop for relaxation.

Central core is for vertical circulation for both people and water, all levels are connected with stairs and main swimming pools are connected with waterfall.

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DESIGN STRATEGY This spa was designed for visitors to luxuriate and rediscover the ancient benefits of bathing. The combinations of light and shade, open and enclosed spaces and linear elements make for a highly sensuous and restorative experience.

The space of the spa is organized around main core, which connects all swimming pools, three indoor and one outdoor pool.

The building's main access is via a "tunnel" from the street, serving as a transition that prepares the visitor to experience the space of the spa.

Despite its appearance as a massive, monolithic volume, the building is a composition of slightly spaced apart structures that make up the whole.

In each block the visitor explores different sense, various materials, the scale of the space or even the water itself, and its temperature, state, smell, and so on. Overnight, the experience is drastically altered, as most of the light in the building emerges from the water itself.

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Section 1-1 1 : 500

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Section 2-2 1 : 500

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Materials of the project are contrasted: rough and brutalist concrete from old car parking with glossy and fancy copper of a spa.

The main material used in the project is water. Swimming pools are at ground, second and top floor and water in each of them is different

All pools have different characters. Ground floor swimming pool is for sports, it has all properties of Olympic swimming pool. At the second floor there are two of them, one is filled with cold water to use after sauna, and another is warm pool for relaxation. Swimming pool at the roof top is mixture of relaxing swimming pool, because it starts not deep, but then it goes to 2.7 m deep, which can be used for proper swimming.

The project addresses these contrasts: between the straight lines of the architecture and the movement of water, or between the gray of the rocks and glossy copper.

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Site plan 1 : 1000

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Ground Floor Plan 1 : 400

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First Floor Plan 1 : 400

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Second Floor Plan 1 : 400

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Roof Floor Plan 1 : 400

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Bodies of water in the building are connected by the waterfall.

Water flows from the rooftop swimming pool down to the street level and flows between stepping stones on the street.

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Rooftop level (+18.50) Swimming pool 52 m x 16 m Beach and bar

Technical floor (+15.80)

Level 3 - SPA (+11.75) Massage rooms Saunas, Turkish bath, Hot showers, Steam bath, Hot and cold pools

First Floor (+6.35) Reception, Gym Changing rooms

Ground Floor (0.00) Swimming pool 52 m x 28 m

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BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCES Roman Baths - Ancient History Encyclopedia Accessed April 10, 2018 https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Baths/ A Brief History Of Bathing: The Importance Of Hygiene, From Ancient Rome’s Sophisticated Showers To The Modern Day Accessed April 10, 2018 https://www.medicaldaily.com/brief-history-bathing-importancehygiene-ancient-romes-sophisticated-showers-modern-364826 BBC - Travel - The origins of bathhouse culture around the world Accessed April 10, 2018 h tt p : //w w w. b b c .co m /t rave l /s to r y/ 20 1 2 1 1 2 9 - t h e - o ri g i n s - o fbathhouse-culture-around-the-world THE CULT OF THE BODY, INCREDIBLE DEVOTION! - Joya Life

by Annie Perdomo | Oct 17, 2016 | Accessed April 15, 2018 joya.life/en/blog/the-cult-of-the-body-incredible-devotion/ Anatomy during the Italian Renaissance: A Brief History of How Artists Influenced its Development

By Rory Sellmer | Jan 18, 2012 | Accessed April 18, 2018 medievalists.net/2012/01/anatomy-during-the-italian-renaissancea-brief-history-of-how-artists-influenced-its-development/ Caring for the body vs the cult of the body | Leonardo Boff Accessed April 18, 2018 https://leonardoboff.wordpress.com/2013/12/15/caring-for-the-bodyvs-the-cult-of-the-body/ Club Olympus Fitness Center & Spa | Grand Hyatt Berlin Accessed May 03, 2018 https://www.hyatt.com/corporate/spas/Club-Olympus-Berlin/en/ home.html 67

Die Sauna-Oase in Berlin und Düsseldorf | vabali spa Berlin Accessed May 03, 2018 https://www.vabali.de/ Berlin Schöneberg – District information Berlin Accessed May 04, 2018 http://www.berlin49.com/berlin-schoeneberg.html Gym membership distribution in Germany 2016 | Survey Accessed May 04, 2018 https: //www.statista.com/statistics/668745/gym-membershipdistribution-germany/ Age classes by genderMunicipality of BERLIN-TEMPELHOFSCHÖNEBERG, old-age index and average age of residents Accessed May 04, 2018 https://ugeo.urbistat.com/AdminStat/en/de/demograf ia/eta/berlintempelhof-schoneberg/11007/4

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I Dessau International Architecture School Anhalt University Department 3 Š 2017/18