Auktion 130 Künker by Fritz Rudolf Kuenker GmbH & Co. KG

GERMANY

)'4/#0; 9JGP KP VJG FGCVJ QH .QWKU VJG %JKNF JGTCNFGF VJG GPF QH VJG %CTQNKPIKCP 'TC C FGNKDGTCVG UGCTEJ DGICP HQT C RTGFGEGUUQT HTQO QVJGT VJCP %CTQNKPIKCP EKTENGU VQ DG CDNG VQ TGUJCRG MKPIJQQF 6JWU VJG JKIJ PQDNGU QH (TCPEQPKC CPF 5YCDKC GNGEVGF VJG FWMG QH (TCPEQPKC VQ DG VJGKT MKPI CU -QPTCF + 6JCV EQORNGVGF VJG VTCPUHQTOCVKQP QH VJG 'CUV (TCPMKUJ 4GCNO KPVQ ŉ)GTOCP[ŉ CV VJG VKOG ECNNGF QVJGTYKUG ŋ)GTOCPKCŌ KP .CVKP CPF KP VJG RQRWNCT NCPIWCIG ŋ6JGQFKUM NCPFŌ NCPF QH VJG RGQRNG 6JKU PGY TGCNO FKUVKPIWKUJGF KVUGNH HTQO QVJGT RQNKVKECN U[UVGOU QP C HGY GUUGPVKCN RQKPVU +V JCF HQT KPUVCPEG C EJQUGP MKPI YJQ JCF PQ TGUKFGPEG JG VTCXGNNGF HTQO RCNCVKPCVG VQ RCNCVKPCVG .CVGT %JTKUVKCPKV[ ECOG VQ RNC[ CP KORQTVCPV TQNG KP VJG GORKTG YJKEJ YQWNF GPVCKN C ENQUG EQPPGEVKQP YKVJ +VCN[ 'XGPVWCNN[ VJKU EQPPGEVKQP YQWNF VWTP UQWT CPF FGIGPGTCVG KPVQ C EQPHNKEV DGVYGGP VJG RQRG CPF VJG GORGTQT URCPPKPI UGXGTCN CIGU QP VJG KUUWG QH KPXGUVKVWTG +PXGUVKVWTUVTGKV +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ 1TKIKPCNN[ VJG DQTFGTU QH VJG )GTOCP 'ORKTG GPEQORCUUGF VJG QNF 'CUV (TCPMKUJ 4GCNO VJCV CHVGT VJG VTGCVKGU QH 8GTFWP CPF /GGTUUGP CNUQ KPEQTRQTCVGF .QTTCKPG NCVGT +VCN[ FQYP VQ UQWVJ QH 4QOG CPF $WTIWPF[ #TGNCVG YQWNF DG CFFGF 6JG )GTOCP MKPI YCU GNGEVGF D[ VJG ŋJKIJŌ PQDNGU QH VJG TGCNO VJQWIJ YJQO VJKU XCIWG VGTO RTGEKUGN[ FGUKIPCVGF YCU UWDLGEV VQ EQPVTQXGTU[ 6JG )QNFGP $WNN QH YQWNF RWV CP GPF VQ CNN FQWDV D[ GUVCDNKUJKPI C RTGEKUG GNGEVQTCN RTQEGFWTG 6JG MKPI PQY RTQENCKOGF JKOUGNH 4GZ 4QOCPQTWO *G YCU EQTQPCVGF KP #CEJGP VJG QNF EKV[ QH %JCTNGOCIPG +P %JCTNGOCIPG JCF DGGP ETQYPGF GORGTQT D[ 2QRG .GQ +++ +V JCF DGGP #NEWKPŉU XKUKQP VJG GORGTQT CU VJG MGGRGT QH %JTKUVKCPKV[ CPF VJG RTQVGEVQT QH 4QOG %JCTNGOCIPG JCF JKOUGNH VJQWIJV QH VJKU VCUM CU CDUVTCEV CPF JCF HWNN[ TGCNKUGF VJCV TGCN RQYGT NC[ KP YQTNFN[ MKPIUJKR 6JG KORGTKCN VKVNG DGECOG JGTKVCDNG VJQWIJ EQTQPCVKQPU PQ NQPIGT YGTG EQPFWEVGF D[ VJG 2QRG KP 4QOG YJKEJ TGFWEGF VTWG UKIPKHKECPEG 'XGPVWCNN[ VJG QHHKEG YQWNF VTCXGN VQ 0QTVJGTP +VCN[ 1VVQ + YQWNF HKPCNN[ TGUVQTG VJG UVCVWTG QH VJG KORGTKCN VKVNG KP KVU QTKIKPCN UGPUG 6JG )GTOCP -CKUGT FGTKXGU HTQO ECGUCT CPF GORGTQT ECP DG VTCEGF DCEM VQ KORGTCVQT DQVJ QTKIKPU .CVKP 6JG 1VVQPKCPU VJGTGHQTG RTQENCKOGF VJGOUGNXGU +ORGTCVQT #WIWUVWU HTQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +ORGTCVQT 4QOCPQTWO CPF HTQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 4QOCPQTWO +ORGTCVQT #WIWUVWU 1PN[ C MKPI EQWNF DGEQOG GORGTQT DWV PQV CNN MKPIU FKF KP VJG RGTKQF HTQO VQ VJGTG YGTG [GCTU YKVJQWV CP GORGTQT -QPTCF + 6JG OQOGPV %QPTCF + YCU GNGEVGF KV YCU CNTGCF[ QDXKQWU VJCV DQVJ QVJGT VTKDCN FWEJKGU 5CZQP[ CPF $CXCTKC CV VJCV VKOG C DKV OQTG QWVN[KPI KP VJG TGCNO YGTG EQPUKFGTCDN[ OQTG KORQTVCPV VJCP (TCPEQPKC CPF 5YCDKC CPF VJCV OGCUWTGU TGHNGEVKPI VJKU UVCVG QH CHHCKTU YQWNF JCXG VQ DG VCMGP QP UWEEGUUKQP #V JKU FGOKUG KP %QPTCF VJGTGHQTG UWIIGUVGF *GPT[ &WMG QH 5CZQP[ CU UWEEGUUQT *GKPTKEJ + *CTFN[ CP KPVGTTGZ *GPT[ + OWEJ TCVJGT YCU VJG HQWPFGT QH QPG QH )GTOCP[ŉU OCLQT F[PCUVKGU $WV DGHQTG JG FKF UQ JG JCF VQ QXGTEQOG UQOG JKPFTCPEGU #V JQOG *GPT[ JCF VQ EQODCV VJG VTKDCN FWEJKGU CPF HTQO CDTQCF ECOG VJG 8KMKPIU UECNKPI VJG YCNNU QH JKU TGCNO YJKNG *WPICTKCP CUUCWNVU NGHV JKO PQ TGUV CPF VJG 5NCXKE RGQRNGU NKXKPI DG[QPF VJG GCUV DQTFGT RQUGF CPQVJGT UQWTEG QH KPEGUUCPV VTQWDNG 6JG TCKFU QH VJG 8KMKPIU HKPCNN[ CDCVGF *GPT[ RCKF VJG *WPICTKCPU VTKDWVG CPF MGRV VJG 5NCXU CV DC[ YKVJ C ECTTQV CPF UVKEM RQNKE[ CNVGTPCVKPI RQNKVKECN EQQRGTCVKQP YKVJ YCT 1VVQ + +P 1VVQ + VJG UQP QH *GPT[ + UWEEGGFGF *KU YCU C TGKIP QH EJCPIG D[ VJG GPF QH YJKEJ OCP[ VJKPIU YQWNF PGXGT DG VJG UCOG +P 1VVQ NGHV HQT +VCN[ YJGTG /CTITCXG $GTGPICT ++ QH +XTGC JCF JCF JKOUGNH ETQYPGF MKPI +P VJCV UCOG [GCT 1VVQ JCF JKOUGNH ETQYPGF MKPI QH VJG .QODCTFU $[ VJGP JG CNTGCF[ JCF JKU OKPF UGV QP VJG KORGTKCN VJTQPG DWV 4QOG VWTPGF C FGCH GCT CPF 1VVQ TGVWTPGF VQ )GTOCP[ GORV[ JCPFGF *QYGXGT ITCFWCNN[ ICKPKPI RQYGT JG HGNV UVTQPI GPQWIJ VQ WPEJCKP JKOUGNH HTQO VJG *WPICTKCPU *G EGCUGF RC[KPI VTKDWVG CPF DTQWIJV YCT WRQP JKOUGNH KP CV VJG $CVVNG QP VJG .GEJHGNF YJGTG JG ETWUJGF VJG *WPICTKCPU 6JWU YCU VJGKT FGHGCV VJCV VJG[ KOOGFKCVGN[ CDCPFQPGF VJGKT TCKFKPI JCDKVU YKVJFTGY VQ VJG RNCKP QH *WPICT[ CPF VQQM WR HCTOKPI 1VVQŉU JQOGHTQPV GHHQTVU CKOGF CV EQPUQNKFCVKPI JKU UQWVJ DQTFGT KTQPKECNN[ FKF OQTG HQT JKU ECWUG KP 4QOG VJCP CNN VJG RTQOQVKPI JG JCF FQPG KP VJG [GCTU DGHQTG FTKXKPI QHH VJG *WPICTKCPU CHHQTFGF JKO CP CWTGQNG QH JQNKPGUU VJG UCXKQWT QH %JTKUVKCPKV[ +P 1VVQ YGPV VQ +VCN[ CICKP CPF YCU ETQYPGF GORGTQT KP 4QOG D[ VJG RQRG 1VVQ DGECOG VJG JKIJGUV YQTNFN[ CWVJQTKV[ YKVJKP EJTKUVKCPKV[ CPF RTQVGEVQT QH KVU EJWTEJ 6JG TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ +VCN[ UJCRGF D[ VJGUG GXGPVU JCF UGXGTCN RGEWNKCT UKFGU VQ KV VJQWIJ VJG )GTOCP 'ORGTQTU YGTG TGIWNCTN[ ECNNGF WRQP D[ VJG +VCNKCPU KP VJGKT VKOGU QH PGGF VJG[ PGXGTVJGNGUU YGTG CNYC[U VTGCVGF CU UVTCPIGTU (QT VJG GORGTQTU QP VJG QVJGT JCPF +VCN[ YCU C TKEJ UQWTEG QH KPEQOG CPF YCU PQV KP VJG NGCUV RGTEGKXGF CU VJG GRKVQO[ QH TGHKPGF EWNVWTG +P VJG EQWTUG QH VKOG +VCN[ YQWNF FGOCPF OQTG CPF OQTG CVVGPVKQP D[ VJG GORGTQTU YJKEJ UQOGVKOGU FTGY KV CYC[ HTQO CHHCKTU KP )GTOCP[

GERMANY #U VJGTG YCU C EQPUVCPV UVTWIING HQT RQYGT YKVJ DQVJ VJG VTKDCN FWEJKGU CPF PQDKNKV[ ENGTI[ HQTOGF VJG OCKP UWRRQTVKXG RKNNCT QH VJG )GTOCP MKPIU 0QPGVJGNGUU VJG QHHKEG QH MKPI QH )GTOCP[ OWUV JCXG DGGP KPHNWGPVKCN KP XKGY QH VJG OCP[ OCTTKCIGU YKVJ QVJGT 'WTQRGCP TQ[CN NKPGCIG 1VVQ + HQWPF C DCNCPEG DGVYGGP MKPIUJKR CPF GORGTQTUJKR VJCV JG OCPCIGF VQ JQNF DWV HTQO 1VVQ +++ MKPIUJKR JCF DGGP EQORNGVGN[ GPIWNHGF D[ GORGTQTUJKR YKVJ CNN VJG CVVGPFCPV EQPUGSWGPEGU 1VVQ ++ 6JG UGEQPF OCTTKCIG QH 1VVQ + YCU VQ #FGNJGKF QH $WTIWPF[ JKU UQP CPF UWEEGUUQT 1VVQ ++ OCTTKGF VJG $[\CPVKPG RTKPEGUU 6JGQRJCPW GUVCDNKUJKPI C EQPPGEVKQP YKVJ VJG $[\CPVKPG GORGTQT 6JGQRJCPW YQWNF FKG CV C [QWPI CIG CPF VJWU #FGNJGKF YQWNF EQPVKPWG VQ RNC[ C UKIPKHKECPV TQNG KP HWTVJGT JKUVQT[ 1VVQ +++ 6JG TKEJ VTCFKVKQP QH VJG 9GUV CPF VJG 'CUV 4QOCP 'ORKTG ITGCVN[ CRRGCNGF VQ 1VVQ +++ CPF JG UQWIJV VQ OQFGN JKU TGCNO QP VJGUG GORKTGU VCMKPI WR TGUKFGPEG KP 4QOG #RCTV HTQO VJCV JG CRRQKPVGF UQOG QH JKU HCXQWTKVGU CU RQRG JKU EQWUKP $TWPQ CU )TGIQT[ 8 CPF JKU HTKGPF )GTDGTV CU 5[NXGUVGT ++ #U 1VVQ +++ URGPV C ITGCV FGCN QH JKU VKOG KP 4QOG VJG UKVWCVKQP KP )GTOCP[ FGVGTKQTCVGF *GKPTKEJ ++ +P VJG JKIJ PQDNGU QH VJG TGCNO GNGEVGF *GPT[ ++ FWMG QH $CXCTKC CPF ITCPFUQP QH C DTQVJGT QH 1VVQ + MKPI %QPVTCT[ VQ JKU RTGFGEGUUQT JG QEEWRKGF JKOUGNH OQTG YKVJ )GTOCP[ CPF NGUU YKVJ +VCN[ *G VQQ JCF VQ QRRQUG VJG JKIJ PQDNGU KP VJG GORKTG VJG UNCXGU CPF TGDGNNKQWU +VCNKCP CTKUVQETCE[ #NQPI YKVJ *GPT[ YJQ JCF DGGP ETQYPGF GORGTQT KP VJG 5CZQPKCP &[PCUV[ GZRKTGF -QPTCF ++ 6JG JKIJ PQDNGU VJGP GNGEVGF VJG FWMG QH %CTKPVJKC CPF QYPGT QH C NCTIG GUVCVG KP 4JKPGNCPF 2CNCVKPG MKPI CU %QPTCF ++ 6Q UGEWTG OQTG UWRRQTV D[ JKU EJKGH XCUUCNU JG QTFCKPGF VJCV VJGKT QHHKEG JGPEGHQTVJ DG JGTGFKVCT[ *GKPTKEJ +++ *KU UQP *GPT[ +++ YCU CICKP FTKXGP D[ %JTKUVKCP \GCN *G CPF JKU YKHG #IPGU GPFGCXQWTGF RTGCEJKPI VJG YQTF QH TGHQTOCVKQP VJCV JCF EQOG FTKHVKPI HTQO (TCPEG %NWP[ PQV QPN[ KP )GTOCP[ DWV VJTQWIJQWV VJG %JTKUVKCP YQTNF *G YGPV VQ 4QOG HQTEGF VJG RQRG VQ UVGR FQYP TGUVQTGF QTFGT KP VJG EJWTEJ CPF YGPV QP VQ CRRQKPV HQWT EQPUGEWVKXG )GTOCP RQRGU *GKPTKEJ +8 #V JKU FGCVJ KP *GPT[ +++ NGHV DWV QPG UQP [GCTU QNF *GPT[ +8 *KU OQVJGT #IPGU QH 2QKVKGTU CEVGF CU JKU IWCTFKCP &WTKPI VJG NQPI IWCTFKCPUJKR OCP[ EJCPIGU VQQM RNCEG PGXGT CICKP YQWNF CP GORGTQT RQUUGUU VJG XCUV KPHNWGPEG JKU RTGFGEGUUQTU JCF PGXGT CICKP YQWNF VJG GORGTQT DG CDNG VQ KORQUG JKU YKNN WRQP VJG RQRG NGV CNQPG FGRQUG JKO *QYGXGT VJG UKVWCVKQP CV VJG DQTFGTU ITGY OQTG UVCDNG CPF VJG TGCNO RTQURGTGF OQPCUVKE NKHG HNQWTKUJGF CPF VJG RQRWNCVKQP KPETGCUGF CNUQ FWG VQ C YCTOKPI ENKOCVG VJCV GPCDNGF NCTIGT ETQRU 5VKNN WPFGT *GPT[ +8 C EQPHNKEV UVCTVGF VJCV YQWNF WRUGV VJG UKVWCVKQP HQT C NQPI VKOG VQ EQOG VJG +PXGUVKVWTUVTGKV +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ VJG UVTWIING DGVYGGP GORGTQT CPF RQRG VJG VYQ JKIJGUV CWVJQTKVKGU KP %JTKUVKCPKV[ 6JG GORGTQT ENCKOGF VQ DG FKXKPGN[ CRRQKPVGF YJGTGCU VJG %NWP[ 4GHQTO PQV QPN[ CUUGTVGF VJCV VJG 2QRG YCU VJG VTWG TGRTGUGPVCVKXG QH %JTKUV QP GCTVJ DWV CNUQ VJCV CNN YQTFN[ RQYGT YCU XGUVGF KP JKO 6JG EQPHNKEV DGICP KP YJGP VJG RQRG GZEQOOWPKECVGF *GPT[ +8 VJGTGD[ HTGGKPI VJG ENGTKECN CPF YQTNFN[ JKIJ PQDNGU QH VJGKT RNGFIG QH HGCNV[ CU XCUUCNU *GPT[ +8 HGNV JG YCU NGHV YKVJ PQ EJQKEG QVJGT VJCP VQ OQUV JWODN[ VTCXGN VQ %CPQUUC CPF DGI VJG RQRG HQT HQTIKXGPGUU 6JG RQRG NKHVGF VJG GZEQOOWPKECVKQP DWV PQV HQT NQPI CU *GPT[ +8 PGXGT TGCNN[ KPVGPFGF VQ CDKFG D[ VJG RQRGÅ&#x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Å&#x2030;U YQTNFN[ RQUUGUUKQPU HQT ENGTKECN KPXGUVKVWTG 6JG UQNWVKQP ECOG KP KP 9QTOU VJG GORGTQT TGPQWPEGF ENGTKECN KPXGUVKVWTG CPF VJG RQRG CITGGF VQ UGEWNCT KPXGUVKVWTG TGOCKPKPI YKVJ VJG GORGTQT 6JG GORGTQTÅ&#x2030;U KPHNWGPEG QP GRKUEQRCN CRRQKPVOGPVU YCU UVKNN UWDUVCPVKCN JQYGXGT QPN[ KP )GTOCP[ UKPEG JG JCF VQ TGPQWPEG VJKU TKIJV KP +VCN[ CU YGNN CU KP $WTIWPF[ 6JG EJWTEJ JCF PQV HWNN[ YQP CPF VJG GORGTQT JCF PQV NQUV CNN 6JG EQPVTQXGTU[ YQWNF FTCI QP HQT CPQVJGT VYQ EGPVWTKGU .QVJCT +++ 1P VJG FGOKUG QH *GPT[ 8 VJG 5CZQPKCP FWMG .QVJCKT +++ QH 5Ã&#x2019;RRNKPIGPDWTI YCU EJQUGP *KU QDXKQWU UWEEGUUQT YCU *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF YJQ PQV QPN[ YCU FWMG QH $CXCTKC DWV CNUQ JCF KPJGTKVGF VJG FWECN VKVNG QH 5CZQP[ CHVGT JKU HCVJGT KP NCY JCF FKGF ;GV JGTKVCDNG UWEEGUUKQP YCU PQ NQPIGT YKUJGF CPF VJG PQDNGU YGTG YCT[ QH *GPT[Å&#x2030;U YGCNVJ 6JGTGHQTG C UWEEGUUQT YCU GNGEVGF HTQO COQPI VJG *QJGP UVCWHGPU 12

GERMANY

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

*GKPTKEJ 8+ $GHQTGJCPF JG JCF FGVGTOKPGF VJCV JKU UQP UWEEGGF JKO CU *GPT[ 8+ 'XGP VJQWIJ JG FKF PQV JCXG JKU HCVJGTÅ&#x2030;U UVTGPIVJ VJG NCVVGT JCF RTQXKFGF HQT C URGEKCN DTKFG %QPUVCPEG QH 5KEKN[ 6JKU EQPUVGNNCVKQP YCU VQ HKPCNN[ HWNHKN VJG NQPI EJGTKUJGF FTGCO QH VJG )GTOCP GORGTQTU UKPEG VJG FC[U QH 1VVQ + YKPPKPI 5QWVJ +VCN[ +P *GPT[ CPF %QPUVCPEG GPHQTEGF VJGKT ENCKO VQ VJG VJTQPG +P 2CNGTOQ *GPT[ TGEGKXGF VJG ETQYP QH 5KEKN[ CPF VJGTGD[ DGECOG TWNGT QXGT C TKEJ FQOKPKQP 9JGP JG FKGF CV VJG CIG QH JG YCU GPVQODGF KP VJG ECVJGFTCN QH 2CNGTOQ RTQQH QH JKU +VCNKCP CURKTCVKQPU 2JKNKRR XQP 5EJYCDGP 1VVQ +8 9GNH *GPT[Å&#x2030;U UQP (TGFGTKEM ++ YCU XGT[ [QWPI CV JKU FGCVJ CPF C TGIGPE[ QH OQTG VJCP VGP [GCTU GPUWGF +P +VCN[ VJKPIU FGVGTKQTCVGF CPF KP )GTOCP[ C HGY QH VJG )GTOCP RTKPEGU RWV HQTYCTF 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC 0QV GXGT[DQF[ UWRRQTVGF VJKU EJQKEG CPF CPQVJGT HCEVKQP GNGEVGF CU VJGKT MKPI 1VVQ +8 UQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP /GCPYJKNG KP +VCN[ VJG [QWPI 2QRG +PPQEGPV +++ YCU VWTPKPI 4QOG KPVQ VJG OQUV UQNKF KPUVKVWVKQP QH %JTKUVKCPKV[ 2JKNKR YCU GZEQOOWPKECVGF UVC[GF QP DWV YCU OWTFGTGF 1VVQ +8 YCU SWKEMN[ WPCPKOQWUN[ CEMPQYNGFIGF CPF YGPV VQ 4QOG VQ TGEGKXG VJG KORGTKCN ETQYP ;GV CU 1VVQ CICKP WPFGTVQQM VQ ICKP UWRTGOCE[ KP +VCN[ VJG RQRG TGPGYGF JKU DCP CPF KPUVGCF HQTVJTKIJVN[ UWRRQTVGF [GCT QNF (TGFGTKEM ++ (TKGFTKEJ ++ (TGFGTKEM ++ YCU VJG NCUV QH VJG HNCODQ[CPV MKPIU *G EQPUKFGTGF JKOUGNH +VCNKCP RTKOCTKN[ JG NKXGF KP 5QWVJ +VCN[ CPF UGNFQON[ XKUKVGF )GTOCP[ *G HGNV JG JCF VJG DNQQF QH %JCTNGOCIPG 1VVQ + CPF (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC TWPPKPI VJTQWIJ JKU XGKPU 6JG WPKQP QH VJG MKPIFQOU QH +VCN[ CPF 5KEKN[ OQTG CPF OQTG JGOOGF KP VJG GEENGUKCUVKECN UVCVG 6JG RQRG VTKGF HQTEKPI C DTGCEJ D[ ECNNKPI HQT C ETWUCFG (TGFGTKEMÅ&#x2030;U RTQOKUG VQ TGEQPSWGT VJG *QN[ 2NCEGU CTQWUGF NKVVNG UWRRQTV KP )GTOCP[ 0QTVJ +VCN[ CPF 5KEKN[ CPF UQ JG CDCPFQPGF JKU RNCP 6JG RQRG VJG UWEEGUUQT QH +PPQEGPV +++ JGNF (TGFGTKEM VQ JKU RTQOKUG CPF GZEQOOWPKECVGF JKO 5VKNN (TGFGTKEM EQOOGPEGF JKU ETWUCFG GXGP KH GZEQOOWPKECVGF *G FKF PQV CVVGORV VQ ECRVWTG ,GTWUCNGO DWV TCVJGT GPVGTGF PGIQVKCVKQPU YKVJ VJG UWNVCP QH 'I[RV VJG JGKT QH 5CNCFKP 4GUWNV ,GTWUCNGO YQWNF DG IKXGP DCEM VQ VJG %JTKUVKCPU 6JG PGY DQPG QH EQPVGPVKQP FKTGEVN[ DGECOG VJG HCEV VJCV PQ CITGGOGPV UJQWNF DG TGCEJGF YKVJ VJG GPGOKGU QH %JTKUV (TGFGTKEM JCF JKOUGNH ETQYPGF MKPI QH ,GTWUCNGO CHVGT OCTT[KPI VJG FCWIJVGT QH VJG NCUV MKPI 7RQP JKU TGVWTP VQ +VCN[ EQPHNKEV YKVJ VJG RQRG FKTGEVN[ CTQUG 9JGP (TGFGTKEM FKGF CV JG YCU PGKVJGT C NQUGT PQT C YKPPGT 9JGP (TGFGTKEM JCF NGHV )GTOCP[ CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG U VQ JCTFN[ GXGT UGV C HQQV VJGTG CICKP JG NGHV OCVVGTU VQ JKU UQP *GPT[ 6JG HGWFCN NQTFU TGEGKXGF VJG RTKXKNGIG QH JGTGFKVCT[ UWEEGUUKQP CPF VJG EKVKGU ITGY OQTG CPF OQTG KPFGRGPFGPV 7PFGT (TGFGTKEM )GTOCP[ VQQM JWIG NGCRU VQYCTF C PGY EQPUVKVWVKQPCN QTFGT QT OQTG URGEKHKE C HGFGTCVKQP QH VGTTKVQTKCN RTKPEKRCNKVKGU PQV UQ OWEJ TWNGF D[ VJG MKPI CU TCVJGT RTGUKFGF QXGT D[ JKO *CF *GPT[ 8++ DGGP C UVTQPIGT MKPI VJKPIU OKIJV JCXG FGXGNQRGF QVJGTYKUG HQT )GTOCP[ [GV VJGTG YCU PQ YC[ CTQWPF JKU HCVJGT VJG GORGTQT YJQUG VKVNG GZWFGF C EGTVCKP OCIKE 6JG [QWPI MKPI FKGF KP C FWPIGQP 1PEG YQWNF (TGFGTKEM XKUKV )GTOCP[ 6JGP VJG NCUV UVTWIING HQT RQYGT YKVJ VJG RQRG DGICP (TQO .[QP VJG RQRG UVCTVGF D[ CRRQKPVKPI C EQWPVGTMKPI 9KNNKCO QH *QNNCPF (TGFGTKEM NGHV )GTOCP[ VQ DG FGHGPFGF D[ JKU PF UQP %QPTCF EJKNF QH VJG SWGGP QH ,GTWUCNGO #V (TGFGTKEMÅ&#x2030;U FGCVJ VJG DCVVNG DGVYGGP 9KNNKCO QH *QNNCPF CPF %QPTCF TGOCKPGF VQ DG YQP 1P JKU HCVJGTU FGCVJ %QPTCF YGPV VQ +VCN[ YJGTG JG FKGF JKOUGNH KP *G QPN[ JCF C UQP QH [GCTU QNF CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ PQDQF[

GERMANY

+P +VCN[ /CPHTGF C DCUVCTFUQP QH (TGFGTKEMŉU CVVGORVGF EQPSWGTKPI VJG -KPIFQO 5KEKN[ /CPHTGF YCU VJG NGCFGT QH VJG )JKDGNNKPK YJQ ENCKOGF VQ HKIJV QP VJG RQRGŉU UKFG VJG )WGNHK QT 9GNHU YGTG VJG QRRQUKPI RCTV[ 6JG EQPHNKEV YQWNFPŉ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ŉU YGCNVJ YCU HCT UOCNNGT VJCP VJG 9KVVGNUDCEJUŉ QT VJG 9GNHUŉ CPF GXGP NGUU FKF JG GZGTV UWEJ KPHNWGPEG DWV VJCV YCU GZCEVN[ YJCV VJG RTKPEG GNGEVQTU JCF KPVGPFGF 4WFQNH YCU PQV TGNCVGF VQ VJG *QJGPUVCWHGPU JG ECOG HTQO VJG #NUCEG CPF 5YKV\GTNCPF *G RQUGF PQ VJTGCV HTQO VJG RQKPV QH XKGY QH VJG OKIJV[ RTKPEGU QH VJG TGCNO 4WFQNH YCU OCKPN[ DCEMGF D[ VJG EKVKGU &WTKPI VJG KPVGTTGIPWO 1VVQMCT ++ QH $QJGOKC JCF WUWTRGF VJG $CDGPDGTI KPJGTKVCPEG 4WFQNH ENCKOGF KV DCEM CPF YGPV VQ YCT YKVJ 1VVQMCT YJQ YCU MKNNGF KP DCVVNG 4WFQNH ICXG JKU UQP VJG KPJGTKVCPEG RWVVKPI VJG *CDUDWTI *QWUG COQPI VJG OQUV KPHNWGPVKCN KP 'WTQRG 1H EQWTUG 4WFQNH GPFGCXQWTGF VQ JCXG JKU UQP #NDGTV CRRQKPVGF CU JKU UWEEGUUQT DWV JG HCKNGF #FQNH XQP 0CUUCW 6JG )GTOCP RTKPEGU QPEG CICKP GNGEVGF CP KPUKIPKHKECPV RGTUQP #FQNH QH 0CUUCW #NDGTV YQWNF PQV JCXG KV CPF VQQM WR CTOU CICKPUV #FQNH MKNNKPI JKO KP #NDGTV #NDGTV YCU PQY MKPI JKOUGNH CPF NGPV OQTG URNGPFQWT VQ MKPIUJKR DWV DGHQTG NQPI JG YCU OWTFGTGF KP *GKPTKEJ 8++ XQP .WZGODWTI 6JG 2TKPEG GNGEVQTU YGTG UQ CHTCKF QH JGTGFKVCT[ UWEEGUUKQP VJCV VJG[ EJQUG VJG RQYGTHWN RTKPEG *GPT[ 8++ QH .WZGODQWTI *G YCU VJG HKTUV )GTOCP MKPI YJQUG PCVKXG NCPIWCIG YCU (TGPEJ *G FKF PQV ECTG CDQWV +VCN[ YJGTG VJG )JKDGNNKPK CPF VJG 9GNHU YGTG UVKNN HKIJVKPI 6JG RQRG GXGPVWCNN[ HNGF VQ #XKIPQP 6JG )JKDGNNKPK UQWIJV *GPT[ŉU CKF YJQ HKPCNN[ ECOG VQ VJGKT FGHGPEG CHVGT JCXKPI JGUKVCVGF HQT C NQPI VKOG *G YCU DQVJ JQPQWTGF CPF FGURKUGF KP +VCN[ EH &CPVG R CV VJG DQVVQO CPF YQWNF GXGPVWCNN[ FKG VJGTG $GHQTG JG FKGF *GPT[ JCF CTTCPIGF JKU UQPŉU OCTTKCIG VQ VJG JGKTGUU VQ VJG 2Î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ŉU KPVGTPCN CHHCKTU #OQPI QVJGTU JG OGV /CTUKNKWU QH 2CFWC VJGTG C UEJQNCT YJQ DGNKGXGF VJCV GORGTQTUJKR UJQWNF DG TGUVQTGF VQ KVU CPEKGPV 4QOCP HQTO CPF VJCV UQEKGV[ UJQWNF DG TGNGCUGF QH VJG FQOKPCPV KPHNWGPEG QH VJG EJWTEJ 6JG -ÌPKIUJQH TQ[CN EQWTV KP /WPKEJ YQWNF VJGP DGEQOG VJG TGHWIG QH YJQGXGT YCPVGF VQ QRRQUG VJG EJWTEJ CPF KVU TKEJGUU CPF VJKTUV HQT YQTNFN[ RQYGT YJKEJ ECWUGF GXGP OQTG YTCVJ KP #XKIPQP 1PG QH VJG TGUWNVU KP )GTOCP[ YCU VJCV HQT C RGTKQF QH VGP [GCTU VJGTG YQWNF DG PQ TGNKIKQWU YQTUJKR KP VJG EKVKGU +P CNN QH )GTOCP[ C OQXGOGPV UVCTVGF VQ PQ NQPIGT VQNGTCVG RCRCN KPVGTHGTGPEG YJKEJ KP CEVWCN GHHGEV YCU VJG RTGEWTUQT VQ .WVJGTŉU TGHQTOCVKQP /GCPYJKNG .QWKU JCF CNNKGF YKVJ 'PINCPF KP VJG *WPFTGF ;GCTUŉ 9CT 6JG RQRG KP #XKIPQP RWV WR %JCTNGU QH .WZGODQWTI CU C TKXCN ECPFKFCVG HQT .QWKU DWV VJG NCVVGT FKGF DGHQTG C EQPHNKEV EQWNF CTKUG

GERMANY

9GPEGUNCU 9GPEGUNCU YCU PQV NQXGF KP )GTOCP[ ;GV VJG )GTOCP RTKPEG GNGEVQTU YGTG CNGTV CU VJG[ YGTG YCT[ QH NGVVKPI )GTOCP[ DG RNWOOGVGF KPVQ VJG UCOG EJCQU CU VJG EJWTEJ 6JWU VJG[ FGEKFGF VJCV 9GPEGUNCU VQQ JCF VQ IQ CPF KP JKU RNCEG CRRQKPVGF 4WRGTV QH VJG 2CNCVKPG XKTVWCNN[ PQVJKPI JCF JCRRGPGF FWTKPI VJG [GCT TGKIP QH 9GPEGUNCU 4WRTGEJV XQP FGT 2HCN\ 4WRGTV YCU QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ NKPGCIG JQYGXGT JG UCY PQ EJCPEG VQ RWV CP GPF VQ VJG EJCQU KP VJG EJWTEJ PQT EQWNF JG DTKPI VQ EQPEWT VJG CPVCIQPKUVU YKVJKP )GTOCP[ 5KIKUOWPF 4WRGTV FKGF KP DWV 9GPEGUNCU YQWNF PQV TGVWTP 9GPEGUNCUÅ&#x2030; [QWPIGT DTQVJGT 5KIKUOWPF YJQ D[ VJGP YCU MKPI QH *WPICT[ YCU UWDUGSWGPVN[ GNGEVGF 6JG UJGGT GPQTOKV[ QH VJG FKUQTFGT YKVJKP VJG EJWTEJ EQWNF PQ NQPIGT DG PGINGEVGF #HVGT 5KIKUOWPFÅ&#x2030;U CVVGORVU VQ PGIQVKCVG JCF RTQXGF KP XCKP JG ECNNGF VJG %QWPEKN QH %QPUVCPEG KP 0WOGTQWU PQDNGOGP QH OCP[ JQWUGU CVVGPFGF DWV 5KIKUOWPF YCU VJG FTKXKPI HQTEG 6JG EQWPEKN HKPCNN[ CEEGFGF VQ UGPFKPI VJTGG RQRGU CYC[ CPF EJQQUG C PGY QPG /CTVKP 8 UGG WPFGT 4QOG *QYGXGT /CTVKP FKF GXGT[VJKPI VQ TGUVQTG VJG HQTOGT RCRCN RQUKVKQP QH RQYGT /CTVKP YGPV UVTCKIJV VQ VJG MKPIU VQ PGIQVKCVG JCPFKPI QWV CNN MKPFU QH TKIJVU 6JG XKUKQP QH C EJWTEJ JCXKPI TGICKPGF KVU QTKIKPCN RWTKV[ YCU UJCVVGTGF VJG %QWPEKN QH %QPUVCPEG GPFGF WR HQWPFKPI VJG UCOG VCKPVGF EJWTEJ KV JCF UQWIJV VQ RWTKH[ 5KIKUOWPF VJGP JCF JKU CIGPVU CUUCUUKPCVG ,QJP *WU 6JG FGCVJ QH 9GPEGUNCU KP NGHV 5KIKUOWPF VJG TKIJVHWN JGKT DWV VJG OWTFGT QH ,QJP *WU JCF ECWUGF UWEJ TCPEQT VJCV VJG *WUUKVG 9CT DTQMG QWV UGG WPFGT $QJGOKC #NDTGEJV XQP *CDUDWTI 7RQP VJG FGCVJ QH 5KIKUOWPF VJG .WZGODQWTI *QWUG DGECOG GZVKPEV *KU QPN[ FCWIJVGT 'NKUCDGVJ YCU OCTTKGF VQ #NDGTV QH #WUVTKC HTQO VJG *QWUG *CDUDWTI #HVGT QPN[ VYQ [GCTU #NDGTV FKGF JCXKPI CEEQORNKUJGF PQVJKPI #V VJCV VKOG JKU YKHG YCU GZRGEVKPI JKU UQP .CFKUNCWU VJG 2QUVJWOQWU UGG WPFGT *WPICT[ 6JGTG YQWNF DG C FQWDNG TGIGPE[ )GQTIG 2QFKGDTCF KP 2TCIWG CPF /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU KP 2GUV (TKGFTKEJ +++ 6JG 2TKPEG GNGEVQTU GZJKDKVGF VQVCN FKUTGICTF HQT VJKU UVCVG QH CHHCKTU CPF GNGEVGF #NDGTVÅ&#x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Å&#x2030; FGOKUG KV OGCPV VJG GPF QH VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ # HGY [GCTU NCVGT %JCTNGU RTGUGPVGF VJG )QNFGPG $WNNG )QNFGP $WNN C EQPUVKVWVKQP QH UQTVU FGVGTOKPKPI VJG RTQEGFWTG HQT VJG GNGEVKQP QH VJG MKPI CPF CEMPQYNGFIKPI VJCV VJG RQRGÅ&#x2030;U EQPUGPV HQTOGF PQ HCEVQT KP KV 6JG MKPI YCU VQ DG GNGEVGF D[ VJG UGXGP RTKPEG GNGEVQTU VJG VJTGG RTKPEG DKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG 6TKGT CPF /CKP\ CPF VJG HQWT UGEWNCT RTKPEGU VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPG QP VJG 4JKPG VJG FWMG QH 5CZQP[ VJG OCTITCXG QH $TCPFGPDWTI CPF CHVGT C NQV QH FGNKDGTCVKQP VJG MKPI QH $QJGOKC %JCTNGU CPF JKU UQP 9GPEGUNCU YQWNF TWNG HTQO 2TCIWG VJG TGCNOÅ&#x2030;U ECRKVCN HQT [GCTU %JCTNGU YCU ETQYPGF GORGTQT KP 4QOG CPF MKPI QH $WTIWPF[ KP #TNGU *G YCU CTVKUVKE CPF RGCEGCDNG DWV CDQXG CNN PQVGYQTVJ[ HQT JKU GPFGCXQWTU EQPEGTPKPI VJG )QNFGP $WNN %JCTNGU JCF JKU [QWPIGUV UQP 5KIKUOWPF OCTT[ VJG JGKTGUU QH *WPICT[ 7PFGT %JCTNGU VJG EJWTEJ CU CP KPUVKVWVKQP HGNN KPVQ FGEC[ #XKIPQP YCU WPFGT (TGPEJ KPHNWGPEG DWV (TCPEG HCTGF KNN KP VJG *WPFTGF ;GCTUÅ&#x2030; 9CT UGG WPFGT 4QOG

GERMANY

6JG )GTOCP 'OQKTG KP VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ /CRU VCMGP HTQO 6JG RGPIWKP #VNCU QH 9QTNF *KUVQT[ 8QNWOG 1PG *CTOQPFUYQTVJ R CPF 16

GERMANY )GTOCP[ KP VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG JKUVQT[ QH )GTOCP[ NCEMKPI C FKTGEV CFOKPKUVTCVKQP KU TGHNGEVGF KP VJG PWOKUOCVKE JKUVQT[ 9JGTGCU QVJGT PCVKQPU JCF QPG EQKP NKMG 'PINCPF QT ITCFWCNN[ FGXGNQRKPI (TCPEG KP )GTOCP[ QPG CHVGT VJG QVJGT UGEWNCT CPF ENGTKECN KPUVKVWVKQP CESWKTGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV +P (TCPEG HQT KPUVCPEG UWEJ HTCIOGPVCVKQP YCU YCPKPI YJKNG CV VJG UCOG VKOG KP )GTOCP[ KV YCU ICKPKPI OQOGPVWO 6JG TKIJV QH OKPV JCF CNYC[U DGGP C TQ[CN RTGIQTCVKXG $WV VJG GPQTOQWU UJCVVGTKPI OGCPV VJCV QVJGTU JCF VQ DG ITCPVGF VJG UCOG TKIJV CU YGNN 6JG )GTOCP MKPIU VJGOUGNXGU OKPVGF QP C OQFGUV UECNG VJG MKPI YCU HTGG VQ OKPV YJGTG CPF CU JG RNGCUGF 6YQ RQUUKDKNKVKGU JCXG VQ DG FKUVKPIWKUJGF

6JG MKPI UVTWEM EQKP CV JKU QYP OKPV KORGTKCN OKPV 5QOGVKOGU YJQNG UGTKGU QH MKPIU UVTWEM EQKP CV VJG UCOG OKPV VJTQWIJQWV VJG CIGU

+H VJG RTKXKNGIG QH OKPV YCU ITCPVGF VQ C DKUJQR HQT KPUVCPEG VJG MKPI YQWNF CU C TWNG KPKVKCNN[ EQPVKPWG GZGTEKUKPI VJG GZENWUKXG TKIJV QH OKPV HQT C RGTKQF QH VKOG 1PN[ JKU PCOG YQWNF VJGP CRRGCT QP VJG EQKPU #HVGT VJCV WUWCNN[ CTQWPF EQKPU UVCTVGF DGCTKPI VJG PCOG QH VJG MKPI VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJCV QH VJG DKUJQR GXGPVWCNN[ IKXKPI YC[ VQ C UQNG OGPVKQP QH VJG DKUJQRŉU PCOG CTQWPF 5GEWNCT CPF ENGTKECN KPUVKVWVKQPU OKPVGF CNN VJG OQTG 6JG[ PCVWTCNN[ TGSWKTGF VJG RGTOKUUKQP QH VJG MKPI

VJG RTKXKNGIG QH OKPV QT /ÒP\TGEJVUXGTNGKJWPI CPF CU VJG MKPIŉU RQYGT GURGEKCNN[ KP VJG DGIKPPKPI YCU OCKPN[ DCUGF QP VJG UWRRQTV QH VJG ENGTI[ KV EQOGU CU PQ UWTRTKUG VJCV VJG[ YGTG CYCTFGF VJKU RTKXKNGIG OQUV HTGSWGPVN[ 6QYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG %CTQNKPIKCP TGCNO QPN[ %CTQNKPIKCP FGPCTKK CPF RTGUWOCDN[ C HQTO QH 'PINKUJ OQPG[ YGTG EQOOQP 1H EQWTUG VJKU NGCF VQ KOKVCVKQP 6JG VQVCN )GTOCP VGTTKVQT[ YCU FKXKFGF KP VJTGG RCTVU Ő VJG RCTV UQWVJ QH VJG /CKP OCKPN[ $CXCTKC CPF $QJGOKC HQNNQYGF %CTQNKPIKCP VTCFKVKQP $QJGOKC YQWNF UQQP KOKVCVG 'PINKUJ EQKPU EQPVTCT[ VQ $CXCTKC Ő VJG PQTVJ GCUV RCTV VTCFGF YKVJ DQVJ VJG GCUV CPF VJG PQTVJ #HVGT C DTKGH KPKVKCN RGTKQF QH KOKVCVKPI VJG %CTQNKPIKCP EQKPU VJG[ FGXGNQRGF VJGKT QYP V[RG YKVJ C TCKUGF GFIG CPF QHVGP EJCTCEVGTKUGF CU OGCPKPINGUU UETKRV 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG Ő 6JG TGIKQP CTQWPF %QNQIPG *GTG VTCFG YKVJ 'PINCPF COQPI QVJGTU YCU XKVCNN[ KORQTVCPV 5VKNN VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU YGTG PQV KOKVCVGF KPUVGCF QH YJKEJ CP QYP V[RG UWTHCEGF VJG %QNQPKC V[RG YKVJ 5 %1.10+# # +P VJG VJ VJ EGPVWT[ KPVGTPCVKQPCN VTCFG FGENKPGF CPF C RGTKQF DGICP KP YJKEJ EQKPU RTCEVKECNN[ QPN[ YGTG QH NQECN UKIPKHKECPEG +V YCU VJG CIG QH VJG 4GIKQPCNRHGPPKI *GTG VQQ KORQTVCPV FKHHGTGPEGU ECP DG UGGP Ő 0QTVJ )GTOCP[ QRVGF HQT UKORNG WPKHCEG RGPPKGU Ő VJG 4JKPG TGIKQP YJGTG VTCFG EQPVKPWGF VQ DG CP KORQTVCPV HCEVQT MGRV VQ UVTKMKPI FQWDNG HCEGF EQKPU Ő /KFFNG )GTOCP[ EJQUG WPKHCEG RGPPKGU QH C NCTIGT UK\G $TCMVGCVGP DTCEVGCVGU 9JGTG CNN QVJGT EQKPU YGTG RNCKP KP CRRGCTCPEG VJG NCTIG DTCEVGCVG GRKVQOKUGF VJG JGKIJV QH TQOCPKE CTV 6JG[ VTWN[ CTG VJG OQUV DGCWVKHWN EQKPU OCPWHCEVWTGF KP VJG /KFFNG #IGU Ő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ÒP\XGTGKPG VQ GOGTIG RTQXKFKPI C UQWPF DCUKU YKVJ TGURGEV VQ QVJGT EQWPVTKGU DWV CNUQ DTKPIKPI VJG UECVVGTGF U[UVGO WR VQ UVCPFCTFU UGG VJG CTVKENG ŋ/ÒP\XGTGKPŌ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

GERMANY

/Âª0<8'4'+0' %1+0 64'#6+'5 &GT 9GPFKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP 6JG OCKP QDLGEVKXG QH VJG 9GPFKUEJG /Ã&#x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Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP RTGNKOKPCT[ FGNKDGTCVKQPU YGTG KPKVKCVGF DGVYGGP EKVKGU FKQEGUGU GVE +P /CTEJ QH UGXGP EKVKGU EQPXGPGF KP 5VTCNUWPF CPF VCNMU YGTG TGUWOGF KP 1EVQDGT KP 4QUVQEM 1P ,WPG VJG HKTUV EQKP VTGCV[ YCU TCVKHKGF D[ GKIJV EKVKGU +VU NGICN VGPFGT DGECOG VJG 9KVVGP CPF FKTGEVKXGU IQXGTPKPI VJG FGUKIP QH QD CPF TGXGTUG YGTG KUUWGF HQT GCEJ EKV[ 5QOGVKOGU EKVKGU YQWNF CDCPFQP C /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP UQOGVKOGU QVJGT EKVKGU YQWNF LQKP %KVKGU VJCV HCKNGF VQ EQORN[ YKVJ CITGGOGPVU YGTG HKPGF CPF GZENWFGF CU KP VJG ECUG QH -KGN 7PFGT VJG VTGCV[ QH &TGKNKPIG CPF 5GEJUNKPIG YGTG KPVTQFWEGF VJG 9KVVGP FKUCRRGCT QPN[ VQ TGVWTP KP CU YGNN CU *QJNRHGPPKIG YKVJ C DQTFGT QH TC[U &GT 4JGKPKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP 6JG 4JGKPKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP YCU ETGCVGF VQ GUVCDNKUJ C EQOOQP IQNF EQKP CHVGT VJG GZCORNG QH VJG (NQTGPVKPG HNQTKP 6JG KOCIG QP QPG UKFG YQWNF DG VJG UCOG CU VJCV QH VJG QTKIKPCN HNQTKP ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV CPF VJG QVJGT UKFG YCU VQ DGCT VJG CTOU QH VJG RCTVKGU VQ VJG VTGCV[ TGRNCEKPI VJG NKN[ QP (NQTGPVKPG EQKPU 6JKU /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP VQQ YCU RTGEGFGF D[ CP CITGGOGPV DGVYGGP UGXGTCN NQTFU RQUUGUUKPI VJG TKIJV QH OKPV +P VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG CPF 6TKGT OGV YKVJ .WZGODQWTI CPF ,Ã&#x2019;NKEJ KP CPF VJG ITQWR YQWNF TGEQPXGPG KP FKHHGTGPV EQPUVGNNCVKQPU +P VJG -WTTJGKPKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP YCU CITGGF WRQP D[ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPG 6JG VTGCV[ YCU TGIWNCTN[ TGPGYGF RCTVKGU QP CPF QHH CDCPFQPKPI VJG VTGCV[ CPF CEEGFKPI KV CICKP 6JG YGKIJV YCU UGV CV IT CPF VJG HKPGPGUU CV MV +P VJG HKPGPGUU YCU DTQWIJV FQYP VQ MV KP VQ MV KP VQ MV CPF KP VQ Â&#x201E; MV .CVGT VJG 9GKUURHGPPKI #NDWU YCU KPENWFGF WPFGT VJG VTGCV[ 6JG 4JGKPKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP YCU QH ITGCV KORQTVCPEG HQT VJG GEQPQO[ KP VJG NCVG /KFFNG #IGU DGECWUG KV UCHGIWCTFGF VJG EWTTGPE[Å&#x2030;U UVCDKNKV[ &GT 4CRRGPOÃ&#x2019;P\DWPF 6JG 4CRRGPOÃ&#x2019;P\DWPF YCU C VTGCV[ VJCV CVVGORVGF VQ WPKH[ VJG EQKPU KP VJG 7RRGT 4JKPG TGIKQP #ICKP VJG RTGNKOKPCT[ FGNKDGTCVKQPU KP DGVYGGP VJG FWMG QH #WUVTKC CPF $CUGN +P VJG 4CRRGPOÃ&#x2019;P\DWPF YCU HQWPFGF D[ RCTVKGU HTQO VJG #NUCEG 5YKV\GTNCPF CPF VGTTKVQTKGU QP VJG 7RRGT 4JKPG UWEJ CU $TGKUICW +P C PGY VTGCV[ UWRGTUGFGF VJKU VKOG KPXQNXKPI NGUU RCTVKGU #WUVTKCP TGIGPVU KP VJG #NUCEG $TGKUICW CPF 5WPFICW $CUGN (TGKDWTI %QNOCT CPF $TGKUCEJ 7PKHCEG EQKPU WUGF YGTG VJG 5VÂ·DNGT CPF VJG FQWDNG 5VÂ·DNGT CPF VJG 4CRRGP 4CRRGP GSWCNNGF QPG 4JGPKUJ IWKNFGT # FGETGG QH RTQXKFGF VJCV VJG EQKP UJQY VJG CTOU QH VJG EKV[ QT TGIKQP KP SWGUVKQP VJG YQTF 4CRRGP FGTKXGU HTQO TCXGP C DKTF FGRKEVGF KP VJG CTOU QH (TGKDWTI CPF VJCV KVU YGKIJV DG IT +P VJG 2NCRRCTV YCU KPVTQFWEGF 6JG 4CRRGPOÃ&#x2019;P\DWPF YQWNF NCUV WPVKN

BRACTEATES

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Ã&#x2019;P\ XGTTWHWPI 'CEJ [GCT WUWCNN[ FWTKPI VJG CPPWCN HCKT CNN EQKPU YGTG VQ DG TGVWTPGF TGRNCEKPI VJGO YKVJ PGY EQKPU VJCV QH EQWTUG YGTG YQTVJ NGUU 5QOGVKOGU VJG FGXKEG YCU CNVGTGF NKVVNG CPF VJG QNF FKGU EQWNF XKTVWCNN[ DG WUGF CICKP QVJGT VKOGU CNVQIGVJGT PGY EQKPU YGTG OCPWHCEVWTGF 6JG FKHHGTGPEG KP XCNWG DGVYGGP VJG TGVWTPGF EQKPU CPF VJG PGY QPGU KUUWGF YCU C VCZ QH UQTVU DWV KV GPFGF WR KP VJG RQEMGV QH VJG OKPVKPI NQTF CU C TWNG 9JGP KP PGGF QH C NQV QH OQPG[ QT CEVWCNN[ KP FKTG UVTCKVU VJG NQTF YQWNF ECNN C FGOQPGVKUCVKQP VYKEG C [GCT 1PG KPUVCPEG YCU /CIFGDWTIÅ&#x2030;U CTEJDKUJQR 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI YJQUG UVCVG QH CHHCKTU YCU UWEJ VJCV JG JCF VQ ECTT[ VJTQWIJ JCNH [GCTN[ FGOQPGVKUCVKQPU &GOQPGVKUCVKQPU YQWNF QHVGP CRRN[ VQ VJG DTCEVGCVGU DWV CU KV YCU C UQXGTGKIP TKIJV KV YCU CNUQ CRRNKGF KP TGIKQPU QH FGPCV EKTEWNCVKQP

SACHSENPFENNIGE

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ŉU PCOG QP C EQKP YCU VQ UJQY CWVJQTKV[ VJG QDXKQWU FKURNC[ QH YJKEJ YCU PQV CNYC[U VJG YKUGUV QH EJQKEGU

5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG %CTQNKPIKCP V[RG $ -NWIG ŋ5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG WPF 1VVQ #FGNJGKFRHGPPKIGŌ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

2HGPPKI # %CTQNKPIKCP VGORNG ++++ 1 +++ 1 +++ 1 +++ 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1 ++++ +++ ++++ &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT -0 # IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

$GTNKPGT /ÒP\ECDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG UV V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU QPG VQ 1VVQ +++ *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP 2GTUQPCNN[ + UGG C ITGCVGT TGUGODNCPEG YKVJ -KNIGT CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 5GNKIGPUVCFV )KVVGNFG )QUNCT DWV JG TGHGTU VQ &CPPGPDGTI YJKEJ KU -KNIGT UGG PQ

SACHSENPFENNIGE

2HGPPKI # %CTQNKPIKCP VGORNG ETQUU KP VJG EGPVTG ++++1+++++1++++1+++++ 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING ++++++++++1++++++++++ QPG RGNNGV YKVJKP VJG 1 &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT -0 IT (KPG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG $GTNKPGT /Ã&#x2019;P\ECDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG UV V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU QPG VQ 1VVQ + 1VVQ +++ /CIFGDWTI -KNIGT 'CUVGTP 5CZQP[ TGIKQP 0QTVJGTP 5CZQP[ TGIKQP #PQP[OQWU OKPV -0 /CIFGDWTI

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

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ C RGNNGV KP QPG CPING &CPPGP DGTI -KNIGT $ 5CN & IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! 5Ã&#x2019;FNKEJGU 5CCNGIGDKGV 0CWODWTI 2QNGP

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING : 8 4 $TQCF ETQUU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ 5CN IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! 5Ã&#x2019;FNKEJGU 5CCNGIGDKGV 0CWODWTI 2QNGP

2HGPPKI # %TQUU KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ ETGUEGPV CPF RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU QPG RGNNGV KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ /QN # IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI XCT 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! /GKUUGP

SACHSENPFENNIGE

2HGPPKI # %TQUU KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING Å&#x2018; 8#1Å&#x2018; 4 %TQUU YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU CPF VYQ ETQUUGU KP VJG CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ /QN IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU QPG ETQUU KP VYQ CPINGU CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ QPG UOCNN ETQUU KP VYQ CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ ! /QN # IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! /GKUUGP 6JKU PWODGT OWEJ OQTG TGUGODNGU VJG FTCYKPI KP -KNIGT VJCP PQ

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! /GKUUGP &CPPGPDGTI HCNNU KP ITQWR YKVJ ETQUKGT QHVGP OGCPKPI C ETQUKGT QP VJG GFIG KP VJG VGZV 0Q UWEJ VJKPI JGTG *GPEG NKUVGF WPFGT ITQWR 6JKU EQKP OQUV TGUGODNGU /QN # VJQWIJ KV KU PQ GZCEV OCVEJ 6JG QDXGTUG QH VJG EQKP KP JCPF XGT[ FKUVKPEVN[ UJQYU VYQ ETQUUGU VJCV + FQ PQV UGG KP VJG RKEVWTG

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ VYQ NQPI CPF VYQ UJQTV NKODU KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ ETGU EGPV CPF RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU CPF QPG RGNNGV KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU Å&#x2018; 8 % % )Å&#x2018; &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT # /QN # Q IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ %QPTCF ++ *GPT[ +8 ! /GKUUGP

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ VYQ TKPIU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU 4 $TQCF ETQUU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ 5CN & Q IT $GPV CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI VJ V[RG &CPPGPDGTI DGNQPIU VQ ITQWR YKVJ ETQUKGT VJG ETQUKGT CR RGCTKPI KP VJG VGZV 0Q UWEJ VJKPI JGTG *GPEG NKUVGF WPFGT ITQWR -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! 5QWVJGTP 5CCNG 4GIKQP 0CWODWTI 2QNCPF

2HGPPKI # %TQUU KP USWCTG QH RGNNGVU % 4 8 : KP VJG NGIGPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ ETGUEGPV CPF RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU CPF QPG RGNNGV KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU 8 ' 4 * KP VJG NGIGPF &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT # /QN # IT 8GT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI C E 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ %QPTCF ++ /GKUUGP 6JKU KU VJG HKTUV EQKP UJQYKPI C NGIGPF QP DQVJ UKFGU YKVJ C OGCPKPI VQ KV 6JG %48: KU TGOKPKUEGPV QH VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU QH #GVJGNTGF C V[RG VJCV YCU CNUQ EQRKGF GNUGYJGTG KP )GTOCP[ UGG WPFGT 5VCFG PQ RGTKQF *GPT[ VJG )QQF VJKU YCU VJG GZCORNG CNUQ WUGF KP $QJGOKC 6JG NGVVGTU 8'4* TGOCKP WPGZRNCKPGF

SACHSENPFENNIGE

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ ' EKTENG YKVJ RGNNGV RGNNGV CPF EKTENG KP VJG CPINGU L : ' 4 ) 4 $TQCF ETQUU L : &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT # 5CN & IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ OCTITCXKCN CTEJGRKUEQRCN 5Ã&#x2019;FNKEJGU 5CCNGIGDKGV 0CWODWTI

'RKUEQRCN V[RGU +P CFFKVKQP VQ VJG IGPGTCN 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG QVJGT XCTKGVKGU YGTG OCPWHCEVWTGF VJCV JKPV CV C %JTKUVKCP QTKIKP 5QOGVKOGU XGT[ ENGCTN[ G I D[ UJQYKPI C ETQUKGT KP VJG EGPVTG HKGNF QVJGT VKOGU XGT[ UWDVN[ G I D[ RNCEKPI C ETQUKGT QP VJG GFIG UGG PQ KP VJG TGUV QH VJG VGZV

2HGPPKI # %TQUU : ; 5 6 4 $TQCF ETQUU : ETQUKGT ) 6 &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ 5CN & IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 ! 5Ã&#x2019;FNKEJGU 5CCNGIGDKGV 0CWODWTI 2QNGP

2HGPPKI # %TQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ VTKCPINGU HKXG RGNNGVU N VYQ RGNNGVU T 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ 8 CPF RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI C -KNIGT $ 5CN ' IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI C 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ CTEJGRKUEQRCN EQKPCIG *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP /GTUGDWTI 9CNNJCWUGP *GTG VJG ETQUKGT VQYCTFU VJG TKIJV KPUVGCF QH VQYCTFU VJG NGHV CU QP -KNIGTÅ&#x2030;U EQKP

2HGPPKI # %TQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ VTKCPINGU HKXG RGNNGVU N CPF T 4 $TQCF ETQUU KP VYQ CPINGU 8 CPF RGNNGV QPG RGNNGV KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ 5CN ' IT 8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI # *CPF DGPGCVJ HNCI 1 6 8 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ ETQUKGT RGNNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU &CP PGPDGTI -KNIGT 5CN ( IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 CTEJGRKUEQRCN *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU CNVGTPCVKPI RGNNGV CPF ETQUU YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ VYQ ETQUKGTU %48: &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT $ /QN IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VQ GRKUEQRCN EQKPCIG /GKUUGP

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ CTEJGRKUEQRCN EQKPCIG *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP /GTUGDWTI 9CNNJCWUGP

SACHSENPFENNIGE

2HGPPKI # *CPF DGPGCVJ HNCI 8 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ ETQUKGT RGNNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT 5CN ( IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GPT[ +8 CTEJGRKUEQRCN *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP %QORCTGF VQ -KNIGT VJG JCPF CPF VJG DCPPGT CTG VJG QVJGT YC[ CTQWPF NGHV TKIJV CPF XKEG XGTUC

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG TKPI KP GCEJ CPING 4 CPF : DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU 4 $TQCF ETQUU 4 CPF % DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT # 5CN & IT &CTM RCVKPC YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG (TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ OCTITCXKCN CTEJGRKUEQRCN EQKPCIG UQWVJGTP 5CCNG TGIKQP 0CWODWTI 6JKU ITQWR KU PQV UJQYP KP -KNIGT DWV KU C RCTV QH VJKU UGTKGU

2HGPPKI # %TQUKGT DGVYGGP ETQUU CPF EKTENG YKVJ RGNNGV 4 DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU 4 $TQCF ETQUU 4 CPF # DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT # XCT 5CN ' IT (NCP ETCEM HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI # (CPUJCRGF HNCI YKVJ '61 1 YKVJ RGNNGV KP KV DGPGCVJ EKTENG KP QPG CPING /#)+4#/+% 4 $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ ETGUEGPV CPF RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU CPF QPG RGNNGV KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU ETQUKGT KP VJG NGIGPF &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /QN $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ CTEJGRKUEQRCN *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP /GTUGDWTI 9CNNJCWUGP -KNIGTŉU FTCYKPI UJQYU C UJQTV ETQUU QP VJG QDXGTUG YJKNG VJKU FKUVKPEVN[ JCU C ETQUU YKVJ C NQPI CTO

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG VJ V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ OCTITCXKCN GRKUEQRCN EQKPCIG /GKUUGP 6JKU KU CPQVJGT CVVGORV CV RTQXKFKPI UQOGVJKPI OQTG VJCP C VQVCNN[ OGCPKPINGUU VGZV VJG NGVVGTU '61 JKFFGP KP VJG ETQUU 6JG QDXGTUG VGZV DTKPIU /CIFGDWTI VQ OKPF

#NRJC CPF 1OGIC V[RG 2HGPPKI # #NRJC 1OGIC CPF 5 YKVJ UVTKRG 4 %TQUU /'+1 CPF VTKCPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT 5 # 5CN % IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP &CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG TF V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ *GKPTKEJ ++ /GTUGDWTI # RGEWNKCT EQKP DGECWUG KV KU VJG HKTUV KPUVCPEG QH C UVTCKIJVHQTYCTF KPFKECVKQP QH VJG %JTKUVKCP Λ Ω CNRJC CPF QOGIC KP VJG EGPVTG # UKOKNCT EQKP KU MPQYP HTQO &GXGPVGT C EQKP KP VJG PCOG QH *GPT[ ++ CPF &#8'064+# 5KPEG VJG &GXGPVGT EQKP UJQYU CP GPVKTG VGZV VJG CNRJC CPF QOGIC V[RG YKVJ KNNGIKDNG VGZV CRRGCTU VQ DG C RTGFGEGUUQT QH VJG &GXGPVGT EQKP EH PQU 2CTV +

HOLZKIRCHENPFENNIGE *QN\MKTEJGPRHGPPKIG (QT VJG RWTRQUG QH VTCFG YKVJ 5ECPFKPCXKC C PGY V[RG YCU KPVTQFWEGF VJCV IKXGU UQOG OQTG KPUKIJV KPVQ VJKU EQKPCIG VJCP VJG 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG VJG *QN\MKTEJG V[RG -NWIG UC[U VJKU PCOG FGTKXGU HTQO ŋYCCIGTGEJV XGTNCWHGPFGP ŉ$CNMGPŉ KP FGT -KTEJGŌ VJG JQTK\QPVCN DGCOU KP C EJWTEJ 6JG SWGUVKQP KU YCU VJG *QN\MKTEJG C )GTOCP PQXGNV[ QT KU KV C EQPVKPWCVKQP QH VJG %CTQNKPIKCP VGORNG! # EQPVKPWCVKQP KU QWV QH VJG SWGUVKQP CU VJG UOCNN VGORNG QP VJG %CTQNKPIKCP EQKPU YCU ENGCTN[ C %JTKUVKCP U[ODQN CU VJG VGZV %*4+56+#0# 4'.+)+1 UJQYU 6JG *QN\MKTEJG JCU CPQVJGT QTKIKP , %CJP &CU )GD·WFG CWH FGP 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIGP /KVV H /ÒP\UCOONGT R YCU VJG HKTUV VQ YTKVG CDQWV VJG QTKIKP QH VJG *QN\MKTEJG *KU EQPENWUKQPU YGTG VJG EQKPU YKVJ VJG *QN\MKTEJG EQOG HTQO VJG TGIKQP QH VJG /KFFNG 4JKPG /CKP\ 9QTOU 5RG[GT RGTKQF 1VVQ + VJG *QN\MKTEJG KU PQV C TGCNKUVKE RKEVWTG QH CP GFKHKEG DWV OGTGN[ C U[ODQN %CJP CUUWOGU VJGTG YGTG PQ YQQFGP EJWTEJGU QPN[ EJWTEJGU OCFG QH UVQPG YJKEJ KU KPEQTTGEV CPF VGPFU VQYCTFU (CEJYGTMJ·WUGT JCNH VKODGTGF JQWUGU - 5KGDWTI YTQVG CP CTVKENG KP TGURQPUG QP %CJPŉU &CU )GD·WFG CWH FGP 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIGP (TCPMH /ÒP\\GKVWPI 0 ( R *G JCF VJG EQKPU QTKIKPCVG KP VJG *CT\ TGIKQP *G TKIJVN[ UVCVGU VJCV UVQPG EJWTEJGU YGTG QHVGP RTGEGFGF D[ YQQFGP EJWTEJGU #NVJQWIJ UVQPG JCF DGEQOG C SWKVG EQOOQP DWKNFKPI OCVGTKCN KP VJG %CTQNKPIKCP CIG VJGTG YGTG UQOG TGIKQPU YJGTG VJG YQQFGP EJWTEJ YKVJUVQQF YGCVJGT CPF EJCPIKPI VKOGU 5KGDWTI VJGP UVCVGU ŋ'KPG 4GMQPUVTWMVKQP FGT ·NVGUVGP WPU GTJCN VGPGP $CWTGUVG FGU FGWVUEJGP *QN\DCWGU GTIKDV KO 8GTINGKEJ OKV FGP /ÒP\DKNFGTP FGT 1VVQ #FGNJGKF RHGPPKIG FCUU FCU /ÒP\DKNF UQ IGPCW OKV FGT 4GMQPUVTWMVKQP ÒDGTGKPUVKOOV YKG GU IGPCWGT CWH GKPGT UQNEJGP /ÒP\G ICT PKEJV OÌINKEJ KUVŌ VJG EQORCTKUQP QH C TGEQPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG QNFGUV )GTOCP VKODGT UVTWEVWTGU NGHV UVCPFKPI YKVJ VJG FGXKEGU QP 1VVQ #FGNJGKF EQKPU UJQYU VJCV VJG FGXKEG OCVEJGU VJG TGEQPUVTWEVKQP VQ CP CEEWTCE[ PQV VQ DG UWTRCUUGF QP UWEJ C EQKP +P GZRTGUUKPI VJKU XKGY 5KGDWTI EQPEWTU YKVJ &CPPGPDGTI ŋ&QEJ FÒTHGP YKT PKEJV INCWDGP FCUU YKT GU KOOGT OKV GKPGO YKTMNKEJGP $CWYGTM UQ \W UCIGP GKPGO -KTEJGP 2QTVT·V \W VJWP JCDGPŌ [GV YG OC[ PQV CUUWOG VJCV YG CTG CNYC[U FGCNKPI YKVJ CEVWCN GFKHKEGU C EJWTEJ RQTVTCKV UQ VQ URGCM &CPPGPDGTI R VQ YJKEJ 5KGDWTI CFFU ŋUQPFGTP PWT HÒT FCU CNNIGOGKPG 5KPPDKNF GKPGT UQNEJGPŌ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ŉ JGCFU RTQVTWFKPI HTQO VJG EJWTEJ YGTG C U[ODQN UVKNN HTCWIJV YKVJ OGCPKPI KP VJGUG VKOGU VJCV UQWIJV VQ ŋFCU $ÌUG OKV FGO $ÌUGP \W DCPPGP WPF FKGUGU INGKEJ\GKVKI KP GKP )WVGU FGO /GPUEJGP 0ÒV\NKEJGU \W XGTYCPFGNPŌ FTKXG QWV GXKN YKVJ GXKN CPF CV VJG UCOG VKOG VTCPUHQTO KV KPVQ UQOGVJKPI QH WUG VQ RGQRNG UGG ' $WTIGT 0QTYGIKUEJG 5VCDMKTEJGP -ÌNP R CPF HQQVPQVG 'XGP VJQWIJ VJG *QN\MKTEJGP YGTG K O Q JGCVJGP EJWTEJGU UVKNN VJGTG UQOGVKOGU YCU CP CNNWUKQP XGT[ UWDVKNG VQ %JTKUVKCPKV[ G I D[ CFFKPI Λ CPF ω PGZV VQ VJG EJWTEJ 5QOGVJKPI UKOKNCT YCU VJG RKEVWTG QH C JCPF CV VJG DGIKPPKPI UGG WPFGT &GXGPVGT KP 2CTV + *GTG VQQ VJG CFFKVKQP Λ CPF ω CV VJG DGIKPPKPI YJKEJ NCVGT FGIGPGTCVGF KPVQ CFFKPI OGCPKPINGUU NGVVGTU *GTG KP VJG ECUG QH VJG *QN\MKTEJG YG UGG VJG UCOG FGXGNQROGPV UGG VCDNG CEEQORCP[KPI VJG CTVKENG QH 8GTC *CV\ UGG WPFGT *QN\MKTEJG 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 26

HOLZKIRCHENPFENNIGE 6JG *QN\MKTEJG V[RGU FGXGNQR CU HQNNQYU Ő 7UKPI EQORNGVGN[ OGCPKPINGUU NGIGPF UGG PQU CPF Ő 7UKPI NGIKDNG VGZV VJG OGCPKPI QH YJKEJ KU QDUEWTG UGG PQU CPF Ő # NGIKDNG OGPVKQP QH /CIFGDWTI UGG PQ Ő 5JQYKPI 1&&1 KP FG CPINGU QH VJG ETQUU CPF &+ )4# 4': CPF #6'#*'*+ QP VJG TGXGTUG UGG PQU CPF 6JG *QN\MKTEJG V[RG YCU EQRKGF KP UGXGTCN RNCEGU UWEJ CU KP 3WGFNKPDWTI PQ /CKP\ PQ 5RG[GT PQ 9ÒT\DWTI PQ

*QN\MKTEJGP IGPGTCN 2HGPPKI # *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ TKPI CPF DGVYGGP UKZ RGNNGVU ) DGVYGGP RGNNGVU CPF TGEVCPINGU 4 $TQCF ETQUU 0 ' 1 & DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /I*2 IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI # *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU CPF DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU NGIGPF OCFG QH TGEVCPINGU CPF ETQUKGT YKVJ RGNNGV 4 %TQUU NGIGPF OCFG QH TGEVCPINGU CPF & 0 &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /I*2 IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

&CPPGPDGTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG PF V[RG /CIFGDWTI -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ )GTQ *WPHTKGF *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP /I*2 VJG VJTGG RGNNGVU CRRGCT QP CU YGNN /CIFGDWTI CU QP *CNN )KGDKEJGPUVGKP DWV /CIFGDWTI CNYC[U JCU C ETQUU KP VJG *QN\MKTEJG JGTG KV KU C TKPI YJKEJ KU UGGP QP VJG *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP XCTKGV[ +PEKFGPVCNN[ + HKPF VJKU EQKP OQTG TGOKPKUEGPV QH -KNIGT /I*2 DWV VJG EQKP KP JCPF FQGU PQV UJQY VJG 4 QP VJG QDXGTUG

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP 'Z *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI /CIFGDWTI 9GPFGPRHGPPKI QH VJG PF V[RG -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ )KUGNJCT *WPHTKGF /CIFGDWTI -KNIGT #PQP[OQWU OKPV /)*2 /CIFGDWTI /I*2 1P -KNIGTŉU FTCYKPIU VJG ETQUKGT FQGU CRRGCT QP VJG /CIFGDWTI EQKP JQYGXGT PQV QP VJG *CNNG )KGDKEJGPUVGKP XCTKGV[ #TEJDKUJQRU )KUGNJGT ! 6CIKPQ ! )GTQ ! QT *WPHTKGF !

2HGPPKI # *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU CPF DGVYGGP VTKCPINGU / ) & DGVYGGP TGEVCPINGU 4 %TQUU 0 ' 1 & DGVYGGP TGEVCPINGU &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /I*2 IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ +P %CVCNQIWG ŋ9GPFKUEJG 0CEJRT·IWPI FGU 2HGPPKIU &CPPGPDGTI Ō -KNIGT #PQP[OG /ÒP\UV·VVG /I*2 /CIFGDWTI

2HGPPKI # *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU KP KV CPF VYQ ETQUUGU CV VJG ICDNG &++)+*ő ++'8 4 5OCNN ETQUU /'01/+ &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /I # IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ (QT VJG TGXGTUG VGZV -KNIGT RTQXKFGU 001/+&0++/'0 VJG EQKP ECPPQV EQPVCKP VJKU PWODGT QH NGVVGTU (QT VJG QDXGTUG VGZV -KNIGT IKXGU /#)#&#$')5 DWV PQV OWEJ QH KV ECP CEVWCNN[ DG TGCF -KNIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ )KUGNJCT ! /CIFGDWTI *GTG YG HKPF HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG UQOGYJCV EJTKUVKCP UKIPU 6JG ETQUU KP VJG *QN\MKTEJG CPF VJG ETQUUGU CV VJG ICDNG

OTTO-ADELHEID-PFENNIGE

1661 +++

*QN\MKTEJG /CIFGDWTI &GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ 1 6 6 1 KP VJG CPINGU &# )4# 4': 4 *QN\MKTEJG /#)#&#$8$) &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT /I # IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z -GPPGRQJN EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV HTQO $TWPQ &QTHOCPP CRTKN

1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIG

6JG 1VVQ #FGNJGKFRHGPPKIG JCXG CNYC[U RQUGF C PWODGT QH RTQDNGOU HQT PWOKUOCVKUVU # HGY QH VJG SWGUVKQPU CTG 9JKEJ 1VVQ KU KPFKECVGF! +P YJKEJ RGTKQF YGTG VJG[ OCPWHCEVWTGF CPF YJCV RCTV FKF #FGNJGKF RNC[ KP VJKU! 1VVQ KU CNYC[U CEEQORCPKGF D[ VJG KPFKECVKQP 4': K G VJG EQKPU GKVJGT KPFKECVG VJG MKPIÅ&#x2030;U RGTKQF QH 1VVQ + QT VJCV QH 1VVQ +++ +P VJG RCUV VJKU KUUWG ECWUGF C NQV QH EQPVTQXGTU[ CPF /GPCFKGT CPF &CPPGPDGTI KP RCTVKEWNCT YGTG KVU OCKP QRRQUKPI HQTEGU /GPCFKGT CUUGTVGF VJCV VJKU V[RG YCU UWRRQUGFN[ UVTWEM FKTGEVN[ CHVGT VJG OCTTKCIG QH 1VVQ + VQ #FGNJGKF KP YJGTGCU &CPPGPDGTI OCKPVCKPGF VJCV VJKU V[RG DGNQPIGF VQ VJG RGTKQF DGIKPPKPI YJGP #FGNJGKF CHVGT 6JGQRJCPWÅ&#x2030;U FGOKUG UQNGN[ CUUWOGF TGIGPE[ HQT VJG OKPQT 1VVQ +++ 0QY YG MPQY HTQO JQCTFU VJCV VJG GZKUVGPEG QH VJKU V[RG DGHQTG ECPPQV DG RTQXGF UQ VJG EQKPKPI NQTF OWUV DG 1VVQ +++ 8CTKGICVKPI QP &CPPGPDGTIÅ&#x2030;U VJGQT[ -NWIG RTQXGF VJCV VJKU V[RG OWUV JCXG DGGP UVTWEM CHVGT *G TGCUQPU VJCV VJG UNCXG KPUWTIGPE[ QH FKTGEVN[ GPUWGF VJG ETWUJKPI FGHGCV CICKPUV VJG #TCDU KP PGCT %QVTQPG CPF VJCV YCU CNUQ VJG [GCT 1VVQ ++ FKGF # PGY OQPGVCT[ U[UVGO YCU FGXKUGF CPF -NWIG VJKPMU KV XGT[ NKMGN[ VJCV 1VVQ +++ MKPI CV C XGT[ [QWPI CIG YQWNF PGZV VQ JKU QYP JCXG JKU ITCPFOQVJGTÅ&#x2030;U PCOG CRRGCT YJQ YCU CHVGT CNN VJG 5CZQPKCP &[PCUV[ KPECTPCVG /KPVKPI YQWNF JCXG DGIWP KP )QUNCT NQECVKQP QH VJG UKNXGTOKPGU QH 4COOGNUDGTI YCU NQPI VJQWIJV VQ JCXG DGGP OKPV 6JG UKNXGTOKPGU QH VJG 4COOGNUDGTI JQYGXGT YGTG PQV FKUEQXGTGF WPVKN YJKEJ NGCXGU VJG VJGQTKGU QH DQVJ &CPPGPDGTI CPF -NWIG KPVCEV .CVGN[ UQOG FQWDV JCU TKUGP CU VQ )QUNCT DGKPI VJG OKPV CPF VJG RQUUKDKNKV[ QH UGXGTCN OKPVU KP VJG 'NDG 5CCNG TGIKQP ENQUG VQ VJG DQTFGT YKVJ VJG 5NCXKE RGQRNGU KU EQPUKFGTGF OQTG TGCNKUVKE /CIFGDWTI EQWNF CNUQ JCXG RNC[GF CP KORQTVCPV TQNG KP VJKU XGTUKQP 6JGTG CTG VYQ V[RGU QPG UJQYKPI VJG HCOQWU *QN\MKTEJG CPF VJG QVJGT FGRKEVKPI C JGCF HCEKPI TKIJV 6JG *QN\MKTEJG V[RG KU QNFGT VJCP VJG QPG YKVJ VJG JGCF VQ O[ OKPF GXGP VJQWIJ 8GTC ,COOGT UWRRQUGU VJG QRRQUKVG CP QRKPKQP UJCTGF D[ $GTIJCWU UGG .F/ 8+ YJQ EQPEWTTGPV YKVJ -NWIG FCVGU VJG *QN\MKTEJG V[RGU DCEM VQ UVCTVKPI CPF VJG JGCF V[RGU VQ UVCTVKPI

1661 +++ CPF #&'.*'+& *QN\MKTEJG 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIG 6JKU V[RG KU GZVGPUKXGN[ GZCOKPGF D[ 8GTC *CV\ <WT (TCIG FGT 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIG KP %QOOGPVC VKQPGU FG PWOOKU UCGEWNQTWO 5VQEMJQNO R GV UGSS 5JG FKUVKPIWKUJGU V[RGU QPG YKVJ VJG JGCF V[RG + CPF VJTGG YKVJ C *QN\MKTEJG V[RG ++ +++ CPF +8 +PVGTGUVKPI KU V[RG +8 YJKEJ JCU UKIPU PGZV VQ VJG *QN\MKTEJG (KTUV RGNNGVU VJGP C ETQUKGT 6CDNG CPF VJGP VJG Î&#x203A; CPF Ï&#x2030; V[RG +8 UWD VCDNG YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT DG EQTTWRVGF KPVQ C LWODNG QH U[ODQNU NGVVGTU GVE 6JKU DTKPIU WU DCEM VQ VJG EQOOGPVU QP VJG Î&#x203A; GP Ï&#x2030; PGZV VQ VJG JCPF KP VJG &GXGPVGT OKPV V[RG NGVVGTU VJCV YGTG TGRNCEGF D[ TCPFQO NGVVGTU CPF U[ODQNU +P VJCV ECUG KP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG 'PINKUJ RTQVQV[RGU VJG V[RG YKVJ Î&#x203A; CPF Ï&#x2030; YCU VJG QNFGUV 6JG *CPF QH )QF QT %JTKUV CNQPI YKVJ VJG Î&#x203A; CPF Ï&#x2030; YQWNF U[ODQNKUG VJG EJWTEJ #U VQ YJ[ VJKU Î&#x203A; CPF Ï&#x2030; V[RG KU PQV ENCUUKHKGF CU VJG QNFGUV VJG VGZV RTQXKFGU PQ KPHQTOCVKQP

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ 1 & & 1 KP VJG CPINGU &>+ )4># 4': 4 *QN\MKTEJG Â¿ #6'#*'*+ &CPPGPDGTI IT &CTM RCVKPC YGNN EGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

OTTO-ADELHEID-PFENNIGE

1DQN # %TQUU YKVJ 1 & & 1 KP VJG CPINGU &> + )4# 4': 4 *QN\MKTEJG Â¿ #6'#* '*+ &CPPGPDGTI C IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

*GCF 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 6JG JGCF KU IGPGTCNN[ CUUWOGF VQ DG KOKVCVGF HTQO #GVJGNTGFÅ&#x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

2HGPPKI # *GCF N 1661 #&'.&' +&# 4 %TQUU YKVJ 1 & & 1 KP VJG CPINGU &+ )4# 4': &CPPGPDGTI E *CV\ + $ IT &CTM RCVKPC YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

2HGPPKI # *GCF N 1661 4' : #&'.& '+&# 4 %TQUU YKVJ 1 & & 1 KP VJG CPINGU &>+)4># 4': &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG CPF C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z %CJP EQNNGEVKQP / / #WEVKQP -NWIG 1# $ D 6JG FKHHGTGPEG DGVYGGP VJKU CPF VJG NCUV EQKP KU VJCV QPG JCU 1661 4': #&'.&'+&# CPF VJG QVJGT 1661 #&'.&'+&#

SACHSEN

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

*'+04+%* + 6JG QNFGUV MPQYP .KWFQNHKPI YCU .KWFQNH YJQ JGNF C HQTO QH FWECN FKIPKV[ KP VJG GCUVGTP RCTV QH 5CZQP[ *G YCU OCTTKGF VQ 1FC $KNNWPI YJKEJ UKIPKHKGU VJG VKGU YKVJ VJG $KNNWPI HCOKN[ *G YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP 1VVQ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU YJQ FKGF 7PFGT 1VVQŉU TWNG ŋ5CZQP[ GPLQ[GF CP CWVQPQO[ CRRTQZKOCVKPI KPFGRGPFGPEGŌ *KU DTQVJGT $TWPQ Ŏ YCU FWMG QH 0QTVJ 5CZQP[ CPF HQWPFGF $TWPUYKEM KP +P 1VVQ YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ *GPT[ + YJQ KP YCU ETQYPGF VJG UGEQPF MKPI QH )GTOCP[ 7PVKN JG CNUQ MGRV QP VJG VKVNG QH FWMG QH 5CZQP[ 7RQP JKU FGEGCUG KP 1VVQ + RTQPQWPEGF *GTOCPP $KNNWPI 2TKPEGRU /KNKVKCG KP 5CZQP[

2HGPPKI # $WUV N *'04+%85 4': ! 4 & 8 : ETQUU UJCRGF KP HKGNF YKVJ RGNNGV KP VJG OKFFNG '8&8%.+'5 &CPPGPDGTI IT &CTM 2CVKPC XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JGTGHQTG KH VJKU EQKP KU CVVTKDWVCDNG VQ *GPT[ + KV OWUV DG HTQO VJG RGTKQF YJGP JG YCU DQVJ FWMG CPF MKPI +V KU VJG QPN[ YC[ + ECP GZRNCKP VJG EQODKPCVKQP QH 4': CPF &8:

$'40*#4& +

2HGPPKI $CTFQYKEM # $TQCF ETQUU #2.75 ő4 4 5VCT YKVJ GKIJV TC[U QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ TC[ &8: YGCMN[ UVTWEM &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 6JKU EQKP JCU C XCIWG TGXGTUG UKOKNCT VQ PQ 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG 6JGTG KU C TGUGODNCPEG VQ ,GUUG 7PFGT JKU QYP PCOG $GTPJCTF + UVTWEM EQKP KP .ÒPGDWTI QT $CTFQYKEM CHVGT VJG V[RG MPQYP HTQO /CIFGDWTI CU 5CEJUGPRHGPPKI 6JG HKTUV OGPVKQP QH $CTFQYKEM CU OKPV KU KP VCMGP HTQO ,GUUG

SACHSEN

2HGPPKI ,GXGT ! # *GCF N $'40 #4&85 &8: 4 5OCNN ETQUU 01/+0+ & 0+ #/'0 0 &CPPGPDGTI (KCNC ,GUUG -KNIGT .ÒP! # 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG YGNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ )TQWR .WP # -KNIGT RWVU C SWGUVKQP OCTM DGUKFG .ÒPGDWTI -NWIG CNUQ RWVU C SWGUVKQP OCTM DGUKFG .ÒPGDWTI 6JG UCOG .ÒPGDWTI CEEQORCPKGF D[ C SWGUVKQP OCTM KU UGGP KP -NWIG PQ ++ KP %CV 1VVQ FGT )TQUUG /CIFGDWTI WPF 'WTQRC R $GECWUG EQKP PQ YJKEJ OC[ JCXG VQ DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ $GTPJCTF + KU HTQO $CTFQYKEM CPF KV DGCTU C RQTVTCKV

KOKVCVGF HTQO VJG 1VVQ #FGNJGKF EQKPU ,GXGT RGTJCRU UJQWNF DG EQPUKFGTGF VJG URGEKOGPU WPFGTPGCVJ DGCTKPI C RQTVTCKV CTG HTQO ,GXGT

$'40*#4& ++ 9G ENCUUKHKGF VJG EQKPU HTQO VJG EQWPV[ 'OFGP WPFGT 'CUV (TKUKC CPF VJG EQKPU HTQO ,GXGT JGTG 9G HQNNQYGF -KNIGTŉU ENCUUKHKECVKQP DGECWUG JG YTKVGU ŋ&KG )TCHUEJCHV ¤UVTKPIGP OKV FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG ,GXGT IGJÌTVG UGKV FGO ,CJTJWPFGTV FGO *GTTUEJCHVUDGTGKEJ FGT U·EJUKUEJGP *GT\ÌIG WPF FGT DKNNWPIKUEJGP )TCHGP CP ,GXGT XGTUQTIVG XGTOWVNKEJ FGP $GFCTH CP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP KP FGT ,CFGTGIKQP &KG *GTCWUDKNFWPI GKPGU GKIGPGP /ÒP\HWUUGU ITGP\VG ¤UVTKPIGP CNU FGP ÌUVNKEJGP 6GKN 1UVHTKGUNCPFU FGWVNKEJ XQP 9GUV HTKGUNCPF CD +O )GIGPUCV\ \W FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG KP 'OFGP FKG KO 8GTNCWH FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU XQP XGT UEJKGFGPGGP 1DTKIMGKVGP MQPVTQNNKGTV YWTFG MQPPVGP UKEJ FKG $KNNWPIGT KP ,GXGT DGJCWRVGP Ō 6JG EQWPV[ ¤UVTKPIGP YKVJ KVU OKPV ,GXGT JCF DGGP WPFGT 5CZQPKCP FWECN CPF $KNNWPI EQOKVCN TWNG UKPEG VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG OKPV ,GXGT RTGUWOCDN[ EQXGTGF VJG ,CFG TGIKQPŉU PGGF HQT UKNXGT EQKPU 6JG FGXGNQROGPV QH CP QYP EQKPCIG UVCPFCTF ENGCTN[ UGRCTCVGF ¤UVTKPIGP HTQO 9GUV (TKUKC CU VJG GCUVGTPOQUV RCTV QH 'CUV (TKUKC +P EQPVTCUV VQ VJG CWVJQTKVKGU KP 'OFGP YJGTG EQPVTQN QXGT VJG OKPV EJCPIGF JCPFU UGXGTCN VKOGU KP VJG EQWTUG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG $KNNWPI F[PCUV[ UVQQF VJGKT ITQWPF KP ,GXGT

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # 5V[NK\GF JGCF T 4 %TQUU 18018ő &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT $ IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

1NFKPI 1UPCDTÒEM +OKVCVKQP QH C $KNNWPI 2HGPPKI ,GUUG RTQXKFGU CP GZVGPUKXG GNWEKFCVKQP ŋ$WEJGPCW UEJN·IV #NFGPDWTI XQT &DI 8QDGTI WPF &KGVTKEJUHGNF WPF .ÒDGEM CNNG PCEJ DKNNWPIKUEJGP 8QTDKNFGTP FKG CDGT CWEJ KO YGUVNKEJGP 6GKN FGU *GT \QIVWOU U (WPF &KGVTKEJUHGNF GPVUVCPFGP UGKP MÌPPGP Ō #U VQ VJG VGZV ,GUUG IKXGU # 8+01 CPF 4 81001*8 ,GUUG R ŋ&KG HTKGUKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGU (WPFGU XQP &KGVTKEJUHGNF IGJGP CWH WPF IT WPF FKG 2HGP PKIG FGT )TCHGP $TWPQ WPF 'IDGTV KO ,CJTJWPFGTV CWH IT #NFGPDWTI KUV GKP WO IGITÒPFGVGT PQTFGN DKPIKUEJGT $KUEJQHUUKV\ FGT UR·VGT PCEJ .ÒDGEM XGTNGIV YWTFG $WEJGPCW J·NV KP #NFGPDWTI D[\CPVKPKUEJG WPF CPFGTG 0CEJRT·IWPIGP HÒT OÌINKEJ WPF FGPMV XQT CNNGO FCTCP QD JKGT PKEJV FGT 9GPFGPHÒTUV 7VQ WPF UGKP EJTKUVNKEJGT 5QJP )QVVUEJCNM FGT FGT JGKFPKUEJ UNCYKUEJGP 4GCMVKQP \WO 1RHGT HKGN IGOÒP\V JCDGP MÌPPVGP Ō -KNIGT ,CFG TGIKQP ,GXGT $ *GT\QI $GTPJCTF ++

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # $GCTFGF JGCF N 4 ŋ-KTEJGPHCJPGŌ (NCI QH VJG %JWTEJ &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT ,GX % IT 5OCNN HNCP FGHGEV IQQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5GG CNUQ ,GUUG CPF (KCNC $CTFQYKM -KNIGT ,CFG 4GIKQP ,GXGT 6JKU EQKP ,GX % VJG NGIGPF FQGU PQV OCVEJ -KNIGT CV CNN

SACHSEN

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # $GCTFGF JGCF T 0 &+' + 4 ŋ-KTEJGPHCJPGŌ (NCI QH VJG %JWTEJ +% 8 * +%+ % TGVTQITCFG &CPPGPDGTI XCT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG /CIPKHKEGPV RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP *GNDKPI 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP &WMG $GTPJCTF ++ ,CFG 4GIKQP ,GXGT -KNIGT FQGU PQV MPQY VJKU EQKP JG QPN[ RTQXKFGU VJG JGCF HCEKPI NGHV

&+'6/#4 ! &KGVOCT YCU HTQO 5CZQPKCP FWECN NKPGCIG RTGUWOCDN[ DGKPI VJG DTQVJGT QH $GTPJCTF ++ (QT VJG SWGU VKQP CU VQ JQY C EQWPV YCU CDNG VQ UVTKMG EQKP KP C FWEJ[ -KNIGT RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI ŋ&KG LÒPIGTGP $TÒFGT FGT U·EJUKUEJGP *GT\ÌIG YGTFGP KP FGP 3WGNNGP CNU )TCHGP DG\GKEJPGV 0GDGP FGP *GT\ÌIGP VTGVGP FKG $KNNWPIGT )TCHGP CWEJ CNU UGNDUVUV·PFKIG #MVGWTG KP 'TUEJGKPWPI 'KPG GKIGPUV·PFKIG WPF IGIGP -ÌPKI WPF *GT\QI WPCDJ·PIKIG 4QNNG GPVYKEMGNVGP FKG )TCHGP XGTOWVNKEJ CWEJ KP FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI Ō 6JG [QWPIGT DTQVJGTU QH VJG 5CZQPKCP FWMGU CTG TGHGTTGF VQ KP NKVGTCVWTG CU EQWPVU 0GZV VQ VJG FWMGU VJG $KNNWPI EQWPVU CEVGF KPFGRGPFGPVN[ 6JG TQNG VJG EQWPVU RNC[GF YCU CWVQPQOQWU KPFG RGPFGPV HTQO DQVJ MKPI CPF FWMG KV RTQDCDN[ CNUQ GZVGPFGF VQ EQKPKPI

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # 6TKSWGVTC YKVJ TKPIU 0816'#+15 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING *+#&/'485 &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT 0G + # IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 6GZV QDXGTUG VJKU KU VJG VGZV HTQO -KNIGT + O Q VJGTG KU UQOGVJKPI DGVYGGP VJG 1 CPF VJG 6 CPF VJG NGVVGTU + CPF 1 CTG OQUV EGTVCKPN[ KPXGTVGF +P VJG TGXGTUG VGZV VJG 5 KU OKUUKPI -KNIGT #PQP[OQWU OKPV *CODWTI ,GXGT )TQWR 0G +C *CODWTI UJQWNF CNUQ DG EQPUKFGTGF HQT VJG OKPV DGECWUG QH KVU UKIPKHKECPEG HQT VJG 5CZQPKCP FWECN JQWUG

14&7.(

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI &8: 1&&1 TGVTQITCFG 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING &8: 1&&1 &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT ,GX & VJKU URGEKOGP IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN -KNIGT ,CFG 4GIKQP ,GXGT ,GX & VJKU URGEKOGP

*'4/#00

2HGPPKI ,GXGT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *'4'/10 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING &'*'4'+ TGVTQITCFG &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT ,GX & IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU ITQWR & TGRTGUGPVU VJG NCUV MPQYP ITQWR QH RHGPPKIG HTQO ,GXGT 6JG RGTKQF QH VJGKT EQKPCIG KU TQWIJN[ VJG UCOG CU VJCV QH VJG VGPWTG QH QHHKEG QH %QWPV *GTOCPP -KNIGT

SACHSEN 1TFWNH YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP /CIPWU CU FWMG QH 5CZQP[ *KU QPN[ KUUWG QH VYQ FCWIJVGTU NGHV VJG OCNG $KNNWPI NKPG GZVKPEV 6JG UJGGT UK\G QH .QVJCT QH 5WRRNKPIGPDWTIŉU RQUUGUUKQPU RCTVN[ OCFG WR QH VJQUG QH JKU YKHG 4KEJGP\C GPCDNGF JKO VQ IQ CICKPUV VJG YKNN QH *GPT[ 8 CPF CRRQKPV -QPTCF XQP 9GV VKP VQ OCTITCXG QH /GKUUGP CPF VJG #UECPKCP #NDGTV VJG $GCT VQ OCTITCXG QH .CWUKV\ .QVJCTŉU JGKTGUU KP YGFFGF *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF FWMG QH $CXCTKC YJQ CU C TGUWNV DGECOG FWMG QH 5CZQP[ VJWU WPKVKPI VJG VYQ NCTIGUV FWEJKGU 5CZQP[ CPF $CXCTKC

*'+04+%* FGT 561.<'

2HGPPKI $CTFQYKEM # $CTDCTK\GF 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO 4 6GORNG QXGT DQY YKVJ ETQUU KP VJG EGPVTG &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM ,GUUG -KNIGT $ 5NI $QPJQHH IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ -KNIGT $CTFQYKEM -I -U *GKPTKEJ +8 0QTFU·EJUKUEJGT 4CWO 0KGFGTGNDTGIKQP 6JG DGPV NQYGT RCTV YKVJ VJG ETQUU KP DGVYGGP QP VJG TGXGTUG CRRGCTU UKOKNCTN[ KP *GPT[ VJG .KQP EQKPCIG 6JCV VJKU EQKP YCU UVTWEM KP $CTFQYKEM KU IGPGTCNN[ CEEGRVGF CU EGTVCKP +P XKGY QH VJG UV[NG QH VJG EJWTEJ + VJKPM KV UJQWNF DG FCVGF PQV HCT DGHQTG VJG EQKP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP 6JCV OGCPU QPN[ .QVJCT CPF *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF ECP DG EQPUKFGTGF HQT FWMG QH 5CZQP[ #U VJG UV[NG ENQUGN[ TGUGODNGU *GPT[ VJG .KQPŉU EQKP YG ENCUUKHKGF KV WPFGT *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF HQT PQY *GTG VQQ VJG GPFKPI 0++ QH %1.10++ JCU DGEQOG C YKFGPKPI HNKIJV QH UVCKTU # UKOKNCT VTCPUHQTOCVKQP ECP DG UGGP KP VJG QNFGUV EQKPU QH 1UPCDTÒEM VJ EGPVWT[ -ÒJP VQQ TGHGTU VQ VJKU RKGEG /ÒP\GP WPF )GNF \WT <GKV *GKPTKEJU FGU .ÌYGP KO 4CWO $TCWPUEJYGKI WPF .ÒPGDWTI KP *GKPTKEJ FGT .ÌYG WPF UGKPG <GKV 'ZRQUKVKQP ECV $TCWPUEJYGKI PQ *G OCMGU PQ EQO OGPVU CU VQ VJG EQKPKPI NQTF DWV FQGU UWDUETKDG VQ $CTFQYKEM HQT VJG OKPV

'XGP FWTKPI JKU NKHG 'ORGTQT .QVJCKT +++ JCF PCOGF JKU UQP KP NCY *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF JKU UWEEGUUQT *QY GXGT .QVJCKTŉ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ŉU FGCVJ KP YQWNF RGCEG DG TGCEJGF DGVYGGP VJG *QJGPUVCWHGPU CPF VJG 9GNHU #V VJG KORGTKCN FKGV QH /C[ *GPT[ TG ICKPGF 5CZQP[ 1P 5GRVGODGT *GPT[ YCU CICKP CRRQKPVGF FWMG QH $CXCTKC CPF UQ VJG UKVWCVKQP QH WPFGT JKU HCVJGTŉU TWNG YCU TGUVQTGF *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU C OQUV RQYGTHWN OCP KP )GTOCP[ UGEQPF QPN[ VQ VJG GORGTQT +P JG DWKNV VJG HQTVTGUU &CPMYCTFGTQFG KP $TWPUYKEM CU YGNN CU VJG 5V $NCUKWU %CVJGFTCN CPF VJG .ÌYGPFGPMOCN .KQPŉU /GOQTKCN #NVJQWIJ VJG 5VCWHGTU UVKNN JCF PQ TGUKFGPEG *GPT[ VJG .KQP EJQUG JKOUGNH &CPMYCTFGTQFG CU JKU TGUKFGPE[ 6JG &WECVWU 5CZQPKG YCU C URGEKCN KORGTKCN VKVNG VJG $KNNWPIU YGTG FWMGU KP 5CZQP[ YJGTGCU *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU FWMG QH 5CZQP[ *G UVTQXG VQ VTCPUHQTO JKU FWEJKGU KPVQ CP ÒDGTO·EJVKIG )GDKGVUJGTTUEJCHV

UWRGTKQT VGTTKVQTKCN TWNG #NVJQWIJ VJG EQPXGTUG KU UQOGVKOGU CTIWGF *GPT[ VJG .KQP WPF UGKPG <GKV

'ZRQUKVKQP $TCWPUEJYGKI RCTV R VJG OKPKCVWTG HTQO VJG )QURGN $QQM *GPT[ VJG .KQP VQ O[ OKPF KNNWUVTCVGU VJKU VJGQT[ +H CV HKTUV JKU TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC YCU IQQF CHVGT VJG 2GCEG QH 8GPKEG (TGFGT KEM YCU RTGRCTGF VQ CDCPFQP *GPT[ *GPT[ŉU TGHWUCN VQ VCMG RCTV KP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU +VCNKCP ECO RCKIP YCU QPN[ QH UGEQPFCT[ KORQTVCPEG 6JG 6TGCV[ QH 8GPKEG YJKEJ OGCPV C EQORNGVG TGXGTUCN QH (TGFGTKEMŉU RQNKE[ VQYCTFU +VCN[ VJG FKURWVG DGVYGGP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CPF 2QRG #NGZCPFGT +++ YCU TGUQNXGF YCU CTTCPIGF D[ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG 2JKNKR QH *GKPUDGTI C EQPHKFCPV QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU #V VJG KORGTKCN FKGV QH 9ÒT\DWTI VJG KORGTKCN DCP YCU KORQUGF QP *GPT[ DGEQOKPI HKPCN CV VJG KORG TKCN FKGV QH )GNPJCWUGP #V VJKU FKGV 2JKNKR QH *GKPUDGTI FTGY WR VJG ŋ)GNPJCWUGT 7TMWPFGŌ C FGGF FKXKFKPI VJG &WEJ[ 5CZQP[ VJG OCKP RCTV 9GUVRJCNKC YGPV VQ VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE %QNQIPG VJG KPJGTK VCPEG 5QOOGTUEJGPDWTI YGPV VQ .QWKU QH 6JWTKPIKC CPF VJG TGUV VQ #NDGTV VJG $GCT 33

SACHSEN ;GV *GPT[ OCPCIGF VQ TGVTKGXG JKU KPJGTKVCPEG 6JQWIJ QP QPG EQPFKVKQP QPN[ VJTGG [GCTU QH GZKNG *G YGPV VQ NKXG YKVJ JKU HCVJGT KP NCY -KPI *GPT[ ++ QH 'PINCPF VQ YJQUG FCWIJVGT /CVKNFC JG YCU OCT TKGF +P (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC ITCPVGF JKO RGTOKUUKQP VQ TGVWTP DWV JKU TGHWUCN VQ VCMG WR VJG ETQUU CNQPI YKVJ (TGFGTKEM QP VJG TF ETWUCFG NGF VQ CPQVJGT DCPKUJOGPV 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC JG TGVWTPGF DWV JKU CVVGORVU CV GZRCPFKPI JKU RQUUGUUKQPU YGTG YKVJQWV UWEEGUU 6JG EQKPCIG QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP KU TCVJGT OQFGUV +P $TWPUYKEM QPN[ VJTGG V[RGU DGCTKPI JKU DWUV YGTG UVTWEM CPF HWTVJGT QPN[ EQKPU DGCTKPI VJG NKQP KP PWOGTQWU XCTKGVKGU CRCTV HTQO VJQUG UOCNNGT UK\GF EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM KP .ÒPGDWTI CNUQ GZENWUKXGN[ UJQYKPI VJG NKQP &GURKVG VJG HCEV VJCV *GPT[ VJG .KQP OCKPVCKPGF C RTKPEGN[ UVCVG CPF JKU TGKIP EQKPEKFGF YKVJ VJG CRQIGG QH TQOCPGUSWG FKG EWVVKPI CTVKUVT[

DTCEVGCVGU JKU EQKPU HQT CNN VJGKT YQTMOCPUJKR UGTKQWUN[ NCEM KP XCTKCVKQP

*'+04+%* FGT .¤9'

2HGPPKI #ITKRRKPGT $CTFQYKEM # %TQUU YKVJ QPG TKPI KP GCEJ CPING *'+04+% &8: 4 5V[N K\GF GFKHKEG YKVJ TKPI CPF VYQ UVCTU KP EGPVTG EJTKUVQITCO CDQXG DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU HQWT UVTKRGU N CPF T *·XGTPKEM HH ,GUUG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 0KEG RCVKPC UOCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #PFGTU %JTKUVGPUGP EQNNGEVKQP

&ÒPPRHGPPKI 9GIGNGDGP # .KQP N *'04+%85 &8: 4 9CNN YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 9GNVGT IT 4 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP -ÒJP PQ KU C UKOKNCT URGEKOGP VJQWIJ YKVJ C FKHHGTGPV TGXGTUG TGCFKPI $480'58+% TGVTQITCFG -ÒJP HKPFU VJG CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU PQ VQ *GPT[ VJG .KQP FWDKQWU KV EQWNF CNUQ DG *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF %QKPU HTQO *GPT[ VJG .KQPŉU GCTN[ FC[U QHVGP DGCT VJG KPUETKRVKQP *'04+%85 28'4

$TCMVGCV $TCWPUEJYGKI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF QXGT CTEJK VGEVWTCN HTCOG YKVJ NKQP T KP KV TKPI CDQXG *'+04+%85 .'1 &8: $GTIGT &GPKEMG (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 9GNVGT IT 44 .GIGPF PQV XKUKDNG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

$TCMVGCV $TCWPUEJYGKI # .KQP N DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU KP CPPWNGVU 20'588+%* &8: .'1 +0$480'588+%* $GTIGT &GPKEMG (WPF /ÌFGUUG ++ C 5NI $QPJQHH 9GNVGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP )TCDQY $GTNKP + O Q VJG VGZV UJQWNF DG TGCF CU HQNNQYU 80'588+%* &8: .'1 +0 $470'59+%* *'+04+%* &8: .'1 +0 $480'59+- *GPT[ VJG .KQP FWMG KP $TWPUYKEM

SACHSEN

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # .KQP N FKXKFGF VCKN $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 9GNVGT IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF UOCNN GFIG HCWNV QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z %QNNGEVKQP %CTPGIKG /WUGWO QH 0CVWTCN *KUVQT[ 2KVVUDWTIJ

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # .KQP N FKXKFGF VCKN $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 9GNVGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

+P VJG [GCT VJG GCUVGTP RCTV QH 5CZQP[ HGNN VQ VJG #UECPKCP $GTPJCTF +++ C UQP QH #NDGTV VJG $GCT UGG WPFGT $TCPFGPDWTI CNQPI YKVJ VJG FWECN VKVNG 6JKU RCTV TGVCKPGF VJG PCOG 5CZQP[ CU C YJQNG CNUQ PCOGF 5CZQP[ #PJCNV *KU RQUUGUUKQPU NC[ HCT CRCTV .CWGPDWTI CPF 9KVVGPDGTI GUVCDNKUJKPI VJG NCVGT FKXKUKQP 7PFGT $GTPJCTF VJG VGTTKVQT[ HWTVJGT HGNN CRCTV +P KVU OKPVU 9KVVGPDGTI CPF -ÌVJGP VJG /CIFGDWTI GZCORNG UGV VJG UVCPFCTF

$'40*#4& +++

2HGPPKI $CTFQYKEM # *GCF T YKVJ UYQTF +0&8+5'05+5 4 #TEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG QXGT DQY WPFGT VJG DQY UOCNNGT GFKHKEG YKVJ YCNN CPF ICVG $GTIGT ,GUUG IT 44 5OCNN HNCP FGHGEV CPF C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

6QFGTK (NQTGPEG 6JKU EQKP KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ $GTPJCTF QH 5CZQP[ OKPV $CTFQYKEM 6JG VGZV YJKEJ TGOCKPU WPGZRNCKPGF KU TGCF CU +0&+5'05+5 ŋ$CTFQYKEM YCT PCEJ FGO 5VWT\G *GKPTKEJU FGU .ÌYGP OKV FGO *GT\QIVWO \WP·EJUV CP FGP #UMCPKGT $GTPJCTF 5QJP #NDTGEJVU FGU $·TGP ÒDGTIGICPIGP WPF FKGUGT JCV JKGT DKU \WT <GTUVÌTWPI FGT 5VCFV KO ,CJTG WPF YCJT UEJGKPNKEJ FCTÒDGT JKPCWU YKG CWU 7TMWPFGP XQP WPF JGTXQTIGJV GKPG /ÒP\V·VKIMGKV CWUIGÒDV Ō #HVGT *GPT[ VJG .KQP JCF DGGP VQRRNGF $CTFQYKEM CNQPI YKVJ VJG FWEJ[ KPKVKCNN[ FGXQNXGF QP VJG #UECPKCP $GTPJCTF UQP QH #NDGTV VJG $GCT *G YCU RTGUWOCDN[ GPICIGF KP EQKPKPI CEVKXKVKGU WR WPVKN VJG FGUVTWEVKQP QH VJG EKV[ KP CPF RTQDCDN[ DG[QPF VJCV CU GOCPCVGU HTQO FGGFU HTQO CPF *QCTFU UWRRQTV VJKU CU 2 , /GKGT JCU FGOQPUVTCVGF ŋ8QP JKGT UKPF 2HGPPKIG $GTPJCTFU CWUIGICPIGP FKG UKEJ KP 5VKN 6GEJPKM WPF DGUQPFGTU KO )GYKEJV XQP UGKPGP CPFGTGP 2T·IWPIGP UVCTM WPVGTUEJGKFGP 5KG UKPF YKGFGTWO FCU 8QTDKNF IGYGUGP HÒT 2HGPPKIG XQP 1VVQ + QFGT ++ XQP $TCPFGPDWTI WPF FGT )CHGP *GKPTKEJ XQP )CTFGNGIGP KP 5CN\YGFGNŌ (TQO JGTG $GTPJCTF KUUWGF RHGPPKIG FKHHGTKPI ITGCVN[ KP UV[NG VGEJPKSWG CPF GURGEKCNN[ KP YGKIJV HTQO JKU QVJGT MPQYP V[RGU 6JG[ KP VWTP UGTXGF CU GZCORNGU HQT VJG RHGPPKIG QH 1VVQ + QT ++ XQP $TCPFGPDWTI CPF QH %QWPV *GPT[ QH )CTFGNGIGP KP 5CN\YGFGN VCMGP HTQO ,GUUG

2HGPPKI $CTFQYKEM # $WUV N YKVJ JGNOGV UYQTF CPF NKU &+058+5'05+5 4 'FKHKEG $GTIGT ,GUUG IT 44 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 5GG VJG EQOOGPV YKVJ PQ 5KOKNCT V[RGU YGTG UVTWEM D[ 1VVQ +++ KP $TCPFGPDWTI EH &CPPGPDGTI &KG $TCPFGPDWTIKUEJGP &GPCTG HKI CPF C 6JG[ JQYGXGT ENGCTN[ TGCF 1661 /#4++1 '56 QT UQOGVJKPI VQ VJKU GHHGEV 7PFGT PQ D &CPPGPDGTI NKUVU VJKU URGEKOGP IKXKPI VJG UCOG VGZV CPF RNCEKPI KV KP 5CZQP[

SACHSEN

$TCMVGCV -ÌVJGP # #TOQWTGF FWMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ TCKUGF UYQTF CPF UJKGNF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 6JQTOCPP IT /CIPKHKEGPV CPF YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # *GCF KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 6JQTOCPP IT 0KEG 2CVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # &WMG UGCVGF QP DQY YKVJ UYQTF CPF UEGRVTG $GTIGT (WPF 0QTFJCWUGP 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 6JQTOCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # &WMG UGCVGF QP DQY YKVJ UYQTF CPF UEGRVTG $GTIGT (WPF 0QTF JCWUGP 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 6JQTOCPP IT &CTM RCVKPC HNCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ (TQO /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 6JQTOCPP IT #VVTCEVKXG URGEKOGP PKEG VQPGF UOCNN GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # .KQP N : '40#4&85 &8: 8 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QP JQHH 6JQTOCPP IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP 6KGVLGP *CODWTI 6JG ECTF UCKF GZ GZ !

SACHSEN

'.'%614#6' 5#%*5'0 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH $GTPJCTF +++ QH 5CZQP[ KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ YCU FKXKFGF KP 5CZQP[ 9KVVGPDGTI

VJCV YQWNF EQPVKPWG CU 5CZQP[ WPFGT #NDGTV + CPF KP 5CZQP[ #PJCNV WPFGT *GPT[ VJG (CV

UGG PQU #NDGTV TGEGKXGF RTKPEG GNGEVQTCN FKIPKV[

#.$4'%*6 +

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UJKGNF CPF HNCI &8: 5#: 10+' $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG $GTPJCTF +++ 6JQTOCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WMVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 9KVVGPDGTI # #TOQWTGF MPKIJV QP JQTUGDCEM T JQNFKPI DCPPGT VJTGG RGNNGVU KP CPPWNGVU KP VJG HKGNF (WPF $QTPG 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 'ZRTGUUKXG UV[NG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z (ÒTUVGPDGTI EQNNGEVKQP *GNDKPI PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ

'.'%614#6' 5#%*5'0 9+66'0$'4) #NDGTVŉU UQPU #NDGTV ++ CPF ,QJCPP + Ŏ TWNGF CP WPFKXKFGF FWEJ[ +P #NDGTV ++ EGFGF RCTVU QH VJG VGTTKVQT[ VQ ,QJCPPŉU UQPU ETGCVKPI VYQ FWEJKGU 5CZQP[ 9KVVGPDGTI ECTT[KPI QP VJG VKVNG QH RTKPEG GNGEVQT CPF 5CZQP[ .CWGPDWTI

47&1.( +

2HGPPKI 9KVVGPDGTI # *GCF KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG IQVJKE RQTVCN YKVJ DWUV QH /CTKC 4 %QCV QH CTOU KP SWCFTKNQDG $CNMGPUEJKNF OKV 4CWVGPUEJKNF (WPF 2TCVCW 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 6JQTOCPP IT &CTM RCVKPC HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI

SACHSEN

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

(4+'&4+%* ++ FGT 5#0(6/Âª6+)' +P (TGFGTKEM ++ VJG )GPVNG UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT (TGFGTKEM + VJG $GNNKIGTGPV CU RTKPEG GNGEVQT QH 5CZ QP[ *G YCU QPN[ [GCTU QNF QP UWEEGGFKPI CPF TGKIPGF LQKPVN[ YKVJ JKU DTQVJGT 5KIKUOWPF 6JGTG YCU PQ IWCTFKCPUJKR 5KIKUOWPF UVGRRGF FQYP HTQO IQXGTPOGPV QP TGNKIKQWU ITQWPFU KP 9JGP KP .CPFITCXG (TGFGTKEM VJG )GPVNG QH 6JWTKPIKC FKGF 9GVVKP RQUUGUUKQPU DGECOG QPEG CICKP WPKVGF 6JQWIJ PQV HQT NQPI CU &WMG 9KNNKCO HQTEGF C PGY FKXKUKQP KP (TGFGTKEM ++ TGEGKXGF VJG -WT RQU UGUUKQPU VJG .CPF /GKUUGP CPF VJG EKVKGU QH #NVGPDWTI CPF <YKEMCW 9KNNKCO TGEGKXGF 6JWTKPIKC CPF VJG (TÂ·PMKUEJG -TGKU 6JKU ECWUGF C YCT DGVYGGP VJG DTQVJGTU VJCV YQWNF PQV GPF WPVKN %QKPU YGTG UVTWEM KP VJG QNF OKPVU QH /GKUUGP PQV KP VJG QNF 5CZQP[ 9KVVGPDGTI #RRCTGPVN[ VJG NCVVGT TGIKQP YCU UQ KPUKIPKHKECPV VJCV VJG GNGEVQTU FKF PQV DGCT VJG VKVNG &8: 5#:10+' QP EQKPU 6JG HKTUV QPG VQ FQ UQ YQWNF DG 9KNNKCO +++

5EJKNFITQUEJGP )QVJC %QWPVGTOCTM *GUUGP # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP OWNVKNQDG YKVJ % 4 8 KP VJG CPINGU UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI ( Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 684+0) Q .#06 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ UJKGNF 2HCJNUEJKNF QH .CPFUDGTI CPPWNGV DGJKPF VJG NKQPU VCKN )415585 Q /#45%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI -TWU[ : IT %QKP (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG %QWPVGTOCTM 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT )TQUEJGP EQWPVGT OCTM NKQP UJKGNF #V GCEJ EJCPIG QH IQXGTPOGPV KP 9GVVKP NKPGCIG VJG RCTVKVKQP QH VJG %48: YCU RNCEGF QPG HKGNF CJGCF QT QPG HKGNF DCEM

,WFGPMQRHITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ NKQPUJKGNF KP OWNVKNQDG CPF 8 % 4 KP VJG CPINGU UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI Q ( Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 684+0)' Q .#0) Q 4 ,GYKUJ JGCF CU QTPCVG ETGUV QP JGNOGV Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG $GTNKPGT /Ã&#x2019;P\ECDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ ,WFGPMQRH QT $Â·TVKIG DGCTFGF )TQUEJGP 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KU KPVGTTWRVGF D[ VJG .CPFUDGTI 2HCJNUEJKNF GUEWVEJGQP

SACHSEN

.CPFUDGTIGT 2HGPPKI <YKEMCW # 5JKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI .#0& -TWI IT .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ *QJNRHGPPKI /KPVOCTM

8GT[ HKPG

5EJYGTVITQUEJGP .GKR\KI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCFTKNQDG YKVJ 8 % 4 KP VJG CPINGU รฐ ( Q &+ Q )4#%+# 684+0)' Q .#0) 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI รฐ )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF

.CWIYKV\ $GTNKP 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KPVGTTWRVGF D[ VJG -WT GUEWVEJGQP 6JKU UKPING OCUU KUUWG D[ VJG RTKPEG GNGEVQT KP .GKR\KI ECP DG VTCEGF DCEM VQ VJG HCEV VJCV JG FKF PQV JCXG VQ VTCPUHGT CP[ EQKPKPI RTQHKV VQ JKU DTQVJGT &WMG 9KNNKCO *GPEG VJG UKORNG -WT GUEWVEJGQP QXGT VJG HNQTKCVGF ETQUU

5EJYGTVITQUEJGP %QWPVGTOCTM *CNDGTUVCFV # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCFTKNQDG YKVJ 8 % 4 KP VJG CPINGU รฐ ( Q &+ Q )4#%+# 684+0)' Q .#0) 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI รฐ )415585 Q ++#4%* Q +++50'05+5 -TWI -TWU[ * IT %QKP 8GT[ HKPG %QWPVGTOCTM 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ .GKR\KIGT /ร P\OGKUVGT *CPU 5VQEMCTV

*QJNJGNNGT (TGKDGTI # .KQP CDQXG GUWVEJGQP QH .CPFUDGTI DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU -TWI IT 5OCNN ETCEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

.CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

SACHSEN

(4+'&4+%* ++ (4+'&4+%* 5+)+5/70& +P VJG RGTKQF EQOOQP 5EJKNFITQUEJGP YGTG UVTWEM D[ 2TKPEG GNGEVQT (TGFGTKEM ++ .CPFITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC (TGFGTKEM CPF &WMG 5KIKUOWPF 6JG EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM KP VJG TGKPUVCVGF OKPV QH (TGKDWTI WPFGT VJG OQPG[GT .KDQTKWU 5GPHVNGDGP

5EJKNFITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ NKQP KP UJKGNF SWCFTKNQDG YKVJ : % 8 4 KP VJG CPINGU : ( Q ( Q 5 Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 684+0) Q .#0) 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP KP UJKGNF UOCNN ETQUU CDQXG TQUG QP ETQUU )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'*5+5 -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

5EJKNFITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI %QWPVGTOCTM *GUUKCP %KV[! # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ NKQP KP UJKGNF SWCFTK NQDG YKVJ : % 8 4 KP VJG CPINGU : ( Q ( Q 5 Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 684+0) Q .#0) 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP KP UJKGNF UOCNN ETQUU CDQXG TQUG QP ETQUU )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'*5+5 -TWI -TWU[ : ! IT %QKP CPF %QWPVGTOCTM XGT[ HKPG #WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JG EQWPVGTOCTM KU C TQWPF UVCOR VJCV ECOG VJTQWIJ QPN[ JCNH

9+.*'./ +++ 9KNNKCO +++ YCU VJG DTQVJGT QH (TGFGTKEM ++ 9KNNKCO YCU OCTTKGF VQ VJG FCWIJVGT QH 'ORGTQT #NDGTV ++

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

4CWVGPITQUEJGP )QVJC %QWPVGTOCTM 'THWTV # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCFTKNQDG YKVJ 8 % 4 KP VJG CPINGU CDQXG UJKGNF 4CWVGPMTCP\UEJKNF 9 Q &+ Q ) 4# %+# Q &8: Q 5#:10+' 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI 2HCJNUEJKNF )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'055 -TWI -TWU[ ' IT %QKP 8GT[ HKPG %QWPVGTOCTM 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ %QWPVGTOCTM Â&#x201E; YJGGN QH 'THWTV

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

'4056 #.$4'%*6 9+.*'./ +++

$QVJ [QWPI 9GVVKPU 'TPGUV CPF #NDGTV UJQTVN[ OKPVGF KP (TGKDGTI CPF .GKR\KI KP LQKPV PCOG RTKQT VQ VJG OQPGVCT[ TGHQTO QH 6JG TGHQTO QH #RTKN NGF VQ C EQOOQP EQKPCIG D[ 'TPGUV CPF #NDGTV VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJGKT WPENG 9KNNKCO +++ QH 6JWTKPIKC 9JGP &WMG 9KNNKCO FKGF KP /GKUUGP CPF 6JWTKPIKC YGTG TGWPKVGF WPVKN <YKVVGT *QTPITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # 5JKGNF $CNMGPUEJKNF QH 5CZQP[ WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV ' Q # Q &ŉ) Q &8%5 Q 5#: Q 684 Q . Q *#4%* Q *+5 4 5JKGNF .ÌYGPUEJKNF QH 6JÒTKPIGP WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV 9 Q & Q ) Q &8: Q 5#: Q 684 Q . Q *#4%* Q *+5 Q -TWI .GXKPUQP + D IT 8GT[ HKPG

.CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

5RKV\ITQUEJGP .GKR\KI # 5JKGNF $CNMGPUEJKNF 4CWVGPMTCP\UEJKNF – ' Q 9 Q # Q & Q ) Q &8%5 Q 5: Q 68 Q . Q *# Q /+5 4 5JKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI 2HCJNUEJKNF KP VTGHQKN – )415585 Q 01885 Q *#4%* Q *5 -TWI .GXKPUQP + IT 8GT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH 6JKU V[RG KU DCUGF QP C PGY EQKP QTFKPCPEG VJTQWIJ YJKEJ VJG 9GVVKPU UQWIJV VQ GPUWTG C ITGCVGT EQPUVCPE[ KP VJG EQKPŉU XCNWG

(4+'&4+%* +++ #.$4'%*6 ,1*#00

+P (TGFGTKEM +++ VJG 9KUG UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT 'TPGUV CU RTKPEG GNGEVQT QH 5CZQP[ JG YCU C ITCPFUQP QH (TGFGTKEM ++ VJG )GPVNG *G EQKPGF KP JKU QYP PCOG VQIGVJGT YKVJ &WMG #NDGTV CPF JKU DTQVJGT ,QJP 9JGP #NDGTV YCU CYC[ CEVKPI KP JKU ECRCEKV[ CU IWDGTPCVQT QH (TKUKC JKU DTQVJGT &WMG )GQTIG KP CPF CRRGCTGF QP EQKPU KP JKU UVGCF UGG CNUQ WPFGT /KFFGPHTKGUNCPF PQ CPF QH 2CTV + 5EJYGTVITQUEJGP <YKEMCW CPF 5EJPGGDGTI # 5JKGNF -WTUEJKNF KP VTGHQKN ã ( Q # Q * Q & Q ) Q &8%5 Q 5#: Q 68 Q .# Q *#*5 4 &KXKFGF UJKGNF QH /GKUUGP CPF .CPFUDGTI KP VTGHQKN ã )415585 Q 01885 Q &8%80 Q 5#:1+' -TWI .GXKPUQP + IT 8GT[ HKPG %QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ (TQO EQKP JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ

SACHSEN

5EJYGTVITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # 5JKGNF -WTUEJKNF KP VTGHQKN › (#* Q & Q ) Q &8: Q 5#: 68 .++#4 ++5 4 &KXKFGF UJKGNF QH /GKUUGP CPF .CPFUDGTI KP VTGHQKN : )415585 Q 01885 Q &8%8/ Q 5#:1+' -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG %QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ (TQO EQKP JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ 5EJYGTVITQUEJGP P F UVTWEM CHVGT

$CTVITQUEJGP <YKEMCW # $WUV QH VJG GNGEVQT T YKVJ UYQTF ü (4+& ' ü .% Q +1 G ü &8%5 G ü 5#:1 4 %TQYPGF JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV QH 5CZQP[ DGVYGGP )415585 Q 0195 Q <9+%-#8+' -TWI .GXKPUQP + IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

$GTNKPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ 1DXGTUG ' .% 'NGEVQT 6JG HQWT UJKGNFU KP VJG QDXGTUG VGZV CTG VJG -WT UJKGNF $KPFGPUEJKNF GUEWVEJGQP YKVJ C HGUU CPF VYQ NKQP UJKGNFU +V KU VJG HKTUV EQKP DGCTKPI C RQTVTCKV 6JG DGCTFGF )TQUEJGP NCTIGN[ EQPUVKVWVGF CP GZNWUKXG EQKPCIG

<KPUITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # 5JKGNF -WTYCRRGP WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV QH 6JWTKPIKC (4+ : #. : +1 : & : ) : &8%+5 : 5#:10 : 4 5JKGNF 4CWVGPUEJKNF WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV QH 5CZ QP[ )415585 : 01885 : &8%8/ : 5#:10 : -TWI IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ

OLDENBURG

5EJTGEMGPDGTIGT #PPCDGTI # #PIGN JQNFKPI UJKGNF -WTYCRRGP ã (4+&'4+%85 G #.$'4685 G +1*#00'5 4 %QCV QH CTOU )415585 01885 &8%8/ 5#:10+' -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG

.CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ 'PIGNITQUEJGP <KPUITQUEJGP 5EJTGEMGPDGTIGT 'PIGNITQUEJGP UVTWEM CHVGT ō#NU #WURT·IWPIUQTV YKTF FKG CO 5EJTGEMGPDGTIG 2ÌNDGTI DGK 5V #PPCDGTI KP GKPGT /ÒJNG PGW GKPIGTKEJVGVG /ÒP\G CWUGTUGJGP YQPCEJ FKG )GNFUVÒEMG FGP 0COGP 5EJTGEMGPDGTIGT CWEJ /ÒJNUVGKPG QFGT 'PIGNUITQUEJGP GTJCNVGP JCVVGP ŋ 6JG OKPV YCU VQ DG VJG PGYN[ GSWKRRGF OKPV KP C OKNN UKVWCVGF CV VJG 5EJTGEMGPDGTI 2ÌNDGTI PGCT 5V #PPCDGTI CPF VJG EQKPU YGTG EQPUGSWGPVN[ VGTOGF 5EJTGEMGPDGTIGT QT /ÒJNUVGKPG OKNNUVQPGU QFGT 'PIGNUITQUEJGP CPIGN )TQUEJGP #TOU QP VJG TGXGTUG CPF NKQP UJKGNF KP ETQYPGF NKQP KP WPETQYPGF NKQP KORGTKCN GCING .CPFUDGTIGT 2HCJNUEJKNF CPF VJG $KPFGPUEJKNF CU KP GUEWVEJGQP 6JG DTKUM OCPWHCEVWTKPI QH 'PIGNITQUEJGP JCU VQ DG XKGYGF CU C OGCUWTG RTGECWVKQPCT[ VQ VJG RNCPPGF VTCPUKVKQP VQ NCTIG UKNXGT EQKPCIG KP VJG [GCT 6JKU KU CNUQ CRRCTGPV HTQO VJG HQTO QH VJG NGVVGTU VJCV KU PQ NQPIGT OGFKGXCN %NQXGT NGCH OQPG[GT #WIWUVKP *QTP

0146*'40 )'4/#0; 6JG YJQNG QH VJG TGIKQP 0QTVJ )GTOCP[ DTGCMU FQYP CU HQNNQYU Ő # HGY VGTTKVQTKGU VJCV DQTFGT QP VJG 0QTVJ 5GC QT NKG KPNCPF HTQO VJGTG UWEJ CU VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE $TGOGP VJG %QWPV[ 1NFGPDWTI CPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ KP 9KNFGUJCWUGP Ő 6JG HTGG EKVKGU QH *CODWTI CPF .ÒDGEM YKVJ VJG VGTTKVQT[ QH 5EJNGUYKI *QNUVGKP KP DGVYGGP Ő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

-104#& ++

5YCTGP # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ OKVTG CPF UYQTF QXGT UJKGNF QH 1NFGPDWTI UOCNN ETQUU N /10'6# 4 $KUJQR HCEKPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF UJKGNF QH 1NFGPDWTI KP N JCPF +#/$'4685 )TQVG -CXXGNCIG 6TKRRNGT IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ (TQO #WEVKQP -P[RJCWUGP %CVCNQIWG +8 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP 5GG *QCTF $TGOGP F 6JKU EQKP ECP DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ DQVJ %QPTCF ++ CPF /QTKV\ +++

WILDESHAUSEN

5YCTGP # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ OKVTG CPF UYQTF QXGT UJKGNF QH 1NFGPDWTI RGNNGV DGVYGGP OKVTG CPF UYQTF /1 # $1 4 $KUJQR HCEKPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF UJKGNF QH 1NFGPDWTI KP N JCPF UOCNN UVCT T 5# %685 85 )TQVG \W IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z * 5 4QUGPDGTI *CP 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP %H )TQÂJGT\QINKEJ 1NFGPDWTIKUEJG 5NI (F $TGOGP D 6JKU EQKP ECP DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ DQVJ %QPTCF ++ CPF /QTKV\ +++

/10#56'4; 1( 56 #.':#0&'4 +0 9+.&'5*#75'0 /QPCUVGT[ HQWPFGF D[ 9CNVDGTV ITCPFUQP QH 9KFWMKPF 9CNVDGTV JCF DTQWIJV VJG TGNKEU QH 5V #NGZCPFGT HTQO 4QOG YKVJ JKO YJKEJ ECWUGF VJKU OQPCUVGT[ VQ DGEQOG C HCOQWU RNCEG QH RKNITKOCIG +V YCU ITCPVGF KOOWPKV[ CPF TQ[CN RTQVGEVKQP D[ .QWKU VJG )GTOCP $KUJQR .KWFQNH QH 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM EGFGF KV VQ 'ORGTQT 1VVQ ++ #TEJDKUJQR #FCNDGTV QH *CODWTI $TGOGP UQWIJV VQ VWTP 9KNFGUJCWUGP KPVQ C UWHHTCICPCVG 7PVKN VJG EQWPVU QH 1NFGPDWTI YGTG 8QIV QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ CHVGT YJKEJ KV YGPV VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE $TGOGP

241$56 1661 \WT .+22'

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR QP VJTQPG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM .8&1. 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU QPG UOCNN ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING / 0'6# 24' 21 IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP 'Z $WEJGPCW CPF *G[G EQNNGEVKQP 'Z &CP\KIGT EQNNGEVKQP (TQO JQCTF $TÃ&#x2019;OOGTNQJG %H <GKVUEJTKHV HÃ&#x2019;T 0WOKUOCVKM :8 R (F .GEJVKPIGP C XCT

81)6 (4+'&4+%* XQP 5%*#)'0

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR QP VJTQPG YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM '6# 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU YKVJ UYQTF N CPF UJKGNF T Â¢ 5#0 #8.85 )TQVG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 KP VJKU EQPFKVKQP YGNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP %H (F $TGOGP XCT

BREMEN

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

&GPCT # *GCF T YKVJ ETQUKGT KP HTQPV 66%% TGVTQITCFG 4 6YQ MG[U UKZ RGNNGVU KP VTKCPING $ 5 őőő &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT $TGO & IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV &GEGODGT PQ 1PN[ MPQYP V[RG QH #FCNDGTV 6JG VGZVU KP &CPPGPDGTI WPMPQYP OKPV CTG RCTVN[ FKHHGTGPV QDXGTUG VGZV /+++66%'551 CPF TGXGTUG '58$6+45+ 6JG VGGVJ QH VJG MG[U HQTO VJG NGVVGTU '4 &CPPGPDGTI ŋ'KPG J·WHKIG 'TUEJGKPWPI KP WPUGTGP (WPFGP KP XKGNGP 8GTUEJKGFGPJGKVGP XQTMQOOGPF #NU 8QTDKNF UKPF FKG 6TKGTUEJGP &GPCTG CP\WUGJGP HÒT FKG UR·VGTGP CWEJ WPF Ō 6JG[ EQOOQPN[ QEEWT KP QWT JQCTFU KP OCP[ XCTKGVKGU 6JG 6TKGT &GPCTU RTQXKFG HKPG GZCORNGU QH KV HQT VJG NCVGT QPGU CNUQ CPF 1P VJG 6TKGT EQKPU VJG UOCNN JGCF HCEGU TKIJV ,GUUG ŋ(TKGUKUEJ KUV FGT 2HGPPKI OKV FGP \YGK 5EJÒUUGNP &DI 8QDGTI 8IN $WEJGPCW $N·VVGT HÒT /ÒP\HTGWPFG 5 H UQYKG KO #PUEJNW CP &DI (WPF &KGVTKEJUHGNF OKV \YGK IGMTGW\VGP -TWOOUV·DGP Ō 6JG RHGPPKI YKVJ VJG VYQ MG[U KU (TKUKCP &DI 8QDGTI %H $WEJGPCW $N H /ÒP\HT R GV UGS CPF CHVGT &DI *QCTF &KGVTKEJUHGNF YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGF ETQUKGTU (QT VJG VGZVU ,GUUG RTQXKFGU 1DX 4$+++66%'551 CPF 4GX $5285' +P -KNIGT NKUVGF WPFGT 0QTVJ 5CZQPKCP CTGC $TGOGP 6JKU EQKP YQWNF VJGP DG & EQTTGURQPFKPI YKVJ &CPPGPDGTI CPF ,GUUG +NKUEJ ,QPUUQP KP $$/) R 2GTKQF

BREMEN

#4%*&+1%'5' $4'/'0 )'4*#4& ++ XQP FGT .+22' )GTJCTF YCU FGCP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN KP 2CFGTDQTP CPF EQWPV XQP FGT .KRRG

$TCMVGCV # 5V 2GVTWU UKVVKPI QP DQY YKVJ VYQ MG[U KP JCPFU $GTIGT ,WPIM 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z -P[RJCWUGP EQNNGEVKQP 5V 2GVGT KU $TGOGP +U CNYC[U RQTVTC[GF YKVJ JKU CVVTKDWVGU DQQM MG[ EQEM ETQUU $TGOGP CNYC[U UJQYU VYQ MG[U

*+.&$1.& XQP 9705614( 1H *KNDQNF XQP 9WPUVQTH PQV OWEJ KU MPQYP *KU UETKRVNGUU DTCEVGCVGU CTG JCTF VQ FGVGTOKPG

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM ! $GTIGT ,WPIM 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

-WPUV WPF /Ã&#x2019;P\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ %H (F X 5KGFGPDWTI PT 2QUUKDN[ VJG DKUJQR JQNFU KP JKU NGHV JCPF C UOCNN VQYGT YKVJ RGNNGV QP VQR CPF PQV C DQQM 6JKU YQWNF KPFKECVG GKVJGT $TGOGP EH $GTIGT QT 8GTFGP EH $GTIGT

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ MG[U $GTIGT ,WPIM 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

-WPUV WPF /Ã&#x2019;P\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ

)+5$'46 XQP $410-*1456 (TQO VJG MPQYP &WVEJ )WGNFGTU JQWUG QH $TQPMJQTUV )KUDGTV UVTQXG VQYCTFU C DGVVGT TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ VJG EKV[ QH $TGOGP )KUDGTV CPF JKU UWEEGUUQTU JCF PQ RQNKVKECN OGCPKPI UQNGN[ CTEJDKUJQRU QH RTKPEGN[ HCOKNKGU EQWNF EQWPV QP DGKPI CHHQTFGF C UQTV QH CWVJQTKV[

$TCMVGCV # *GCF QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU $GTIGT ,WPIM EH 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN ETCEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ %H (F 5KGFGPDWTI

BREMEN *'+04+%* ++ XQP 5%*9#4<$74) ,QJCPP 4QFG RTQRQUGF *GKPTKEJ XQP 5EJYCT\DWTI HQT VJG QHHKEG QH CTEJDKUJQR QH $TGOGP *G YCU QPN[ [GCTU QNF CV VJG VKOG # [GCT NCVGT JG DGECOG DKUJQR QH /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT +P *GKPTKEJ VQQM EQPVTQN QXGT VJG *CPUGCVKE EKVKGU CPF FGXCUVCVGF OCLQT RCTVU QH VJG NCPF QH 1NFGP DWTI 2TCEVKECNN[ FWTKPI JKU YJQNG VGPWTG QH QHHKEG *GKPTKEJ DCVVNGF %QWPV )GTF QH 1NFGPDWTI +P VJKU EQWPV YCU PGWVTCNKUGF CPF RGCEG YCU TGUVQTGF *GKPTKEJ XQP 5EJYCT\DWTI KPVTQFWEGF C PGY OQPGVCT[ U[UVGO IQNF IWKNFGTU FQWDNG ITQCVU ITQCVU CPF 5EJYCTGP

)QNFIWNFGP $TGOGP # 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM QXGT UJKGNF QH 5EJYCT\DWTI *+04+%85 &'+ )4# #4% $4 4 5JKGNF QH $TGOGP 5EJYCT\DWTI QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10' 018# $4'/ '05+5 (D ,WPIM XCT IT 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP UOCNN HNCP CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

&QRRGNITQVGP $TGOGP # 6JTGG UJKGNFU $TGOGP 5EJYCT\DWTI CPF /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT YKVJ $ KP EGPVTG J05 &'+ )4# # '2+ $4' 4 5JKGNF QH $TGOGP QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10 018# $4'/ '5+5 ,WPIM IT 5OCNN FQWDNG UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP

,1*#00 +++ 41&' ,QJCPP 4QFG YCU QH $TGOGP PQDKNKV[ *G YCU C YGCM HKIWTG YJQ OCKPN[ TGNKGF QP JKU RQYGTHWN EQ CFLWVQT

)TQVG # 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ VKCTC PKODWU DQQM CPF MG[ QP VJTQPG QXGT UJKGNF QH 4QFG +1* 5 &'+ )4 #4% '2+ $4 4 -G[ /10'6# 018# $4'/'05+5 ,WPIM .GXKPUQP + IT 'FIG DTGCM CPF UOCNN UETCVEJGU QVJGTYKUG YGNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ

HAMBURG

%+6; $4'/'0 1H KORQTVCPEG KU VJG RGTKQF ŋ8QT GTNCPIVGT /ÒP\HTGKJGKVŌ DGHQTG VJG CVVCKPGF HTGGFQO QH OKPV 6JG EKV[ QH $TGOGP TGEGKXGF VJG OKPV CU C NKGP HTQO VJG CTEJDKUJQRUKU HQT UGXGTCN RGTKQFU GP *QYGXGT VJG EKV[ KU IGPGTCNN[ VJQWIJV VQ JCXG OKPVGF VJTQWIJQWV VJKU RGTKQF (QT VJG FWTCVKQP QH VJG NKGP VJG CTEJDKUJQRU UVTWEM EQKP KP $TGOGTXÌTFG 6JG NKGP GPFGF WPFGT *GKPTKEJ XQP 5EJYCT\DWTI JG GZGEWVGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV JKOUGNH CICKP 0QV WPVKN YQWNF VJG EKV[ CESWKTG VJG TKIJV QH OKPV CICKP 6JG FKGU QH VJG 5EJYCTGP CTG YKVJQWV GZEGRVKQP NCTIGT VJCP VJG HNCPU 6YQ V[RGU ECP DG FKUVKPIWKUJGF

+ 1P VJG QDXGTUG 5V 2GVGT YKVJ UYQTF CPF MG[ CHVGT /ÒPUVGT GZCORNG CPF QP VJG TGXGTUG C UGCVGF 9KNNGJCF YKVJ C DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM CPF

++ 1P VJG QDXGTUG VJG CTOU QH $TGOGP QP VJG TGXGTUG 5V 2GVGT YKVJ UYQTF CPF MG[ 6JG EQKPU WPFGT ++ CTG [QWPIGT VJCP VJQUG WPFGT +

5YCTGP # %KV[ CTOU YKVJ MG[ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 010'6# : $4'+0'05+5 : 4 $WUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ UYQTF CPF MG[ 5#0&85 2'6485 ,WPIM ,GUUG XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 2GTKQF V[RG ++

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

#.$4'%*6 XQP 14.#/ª0&'

$TCMVGCV # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UOCNNGT VQYGTU YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG $GTIGT *CV\ 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ #NDGTV QH 1TNCOÒPFG CU EKV[ JQNFGT QH -KPI 8CNFGOCT ++ QH &GPOCTM *CV\ (WPF $QMGN (WPF $ÒPUVQTHH 6JG EKV[ ICVG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CRRGCTU CU GCTN[ CU VJG HKTUV *CODWTI EQKPU CHVGT YJKEJ KV ECOG VQ DG VJG EKV[ŉU CTOU

HAMBURG

%+6; *#/$74) 6JG QNF CPF PGY EKV[ YGTG LQKPGF KP CPF VJWU *CODWTI YCU ETGCVGF +P CP CNNKCPEG YCU HQTIGF YKVJ .Ã&#x2019;DGEM CPF *CODWTI CESWKTGF EKV[ TKIJVU KP *CODWTI UWDUGSWGPVN[ LQKPGF VJG 9GPFKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP

9KVVGP # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UOCNNGT VQYGTU Q /10'6# Q *#/$84)'05 4 %TQUU YKVJ PGVVNGU KP VJG CPINGU : $'0'&+%685 Â¢ &'85 )CGF ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 9KVVGP RTGFCVKPI VJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP

&TGKNKPI P F UVTWEM CHVGT # 5JKGNF QH *CODWTI PGVVNG NGCH /10'6# â&#x20AC;&#x17E; *#/$74)'05 4 5JKGNF QH *CODWTI PGVVNG NGCH $'0'&+%685 â&#x20AC;&#x17E; &'85 )CGF ,GUUG IT 5OCNN FQWDNG UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

*QJNRHGPPKI # 5OCNN PGVVNG NGCH YKVJKP ICVG QH VJG UV[NK\GF ECUVNG QH *CODWTI )CGF ,GUUG IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

5-# $GTP UV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

*QJNRHGPPKI # 5OCNN PGVVNG NGCH YKVJKP ICVG QH VJG UV[NK\GF ECUVNG QH *CODWTI )CGF ,GUUG IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP #EEQTFKPI VQ VTGCV[ VJKU &TGKNKPI KU OGPVKQPGF CU GCTN[ CU

*QJNUEJGTH UVTWEM CTQWPF # 5OCNN PGVVNG NGCH YKVJKP ICVG QH VJG UV[NK\GF ECUVNG QH *CODWTI )CGF ,GUUG IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

$NCHHGTV 0GVVNG NGCH DGPGCVJ VYQ VQYGTU )CGF ,GUUG IT

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ YKVJ .Ã&#x2019;PGDWTI QH GKVJGT QT 'Z 1NFGPDWTI #WEVKQP /C[ PQ

8GT[ HKPG

HAMBURG

)QNFIWNFGP P F # 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM T JGCF N UJKGNF YKVJ PGVVNG NGCH DGVYGGP JKU HGGV /10'6# Q 01 *#/$84)' 4 1TD KP VTGHQKN (4+&'4+%85 รฐ 41 01$ Q 4': Q (D )CGF XCT ,GUUG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 9KVJ VKVNG QH (TKGFTKEJ +++

5EJKNNKPI # %CUVNG QH *CODWTI /10'6# Q 018# PGVVNG NGCH *#/$84)'0 4 1TPCOGPVGF ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN CPF PGVVNG NGCH KP EGPVTG 5+)01 %48%+5 5#.8'/84 )CGF ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH

&QRRGNUEJKNNKPI P F # /CTKC YKVJ EJKNF QXGT UJKGNF YKVJ PGVVNG NGCH DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF VYQ CPPWNGVU %105'48# 015 รฐ &0# 4 5JKGNF QH *CODWTI QP NQPI QTPCOGPVGF ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10' 018# *#/$74)' )CGF ,GUUG IT 0KEG VQPG C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 1NFGPDWTI #WEVKQP PQ

STADE

56#&' %QWPV[ KP VJG 5CZQPKCP 0QTVJGTP /CTEJ 6JKU JQWUG QH JKIJ PQDKNKV[ UVCTVGF YKVJ .KWVJCT YJQ RGTKUJGF KP VJG DCVVNG PGCT .GP\GP KP *KU UQP *GPT[ + Ŏ CRRTQZ YCU EQWPV KP VJG VGTTKVQTKGU CNQPI VJG NQYGT 'NDG CPF NQYGT 9GUGT EQWTUG *G YCU OCTTKGF VQ ,WFKVJ Ŏ DGHQTG FCWIJVGT QH VJG %QPTCFKPG 7FQ 6JG[ JCF HQWT EJKNFTGP *GPT[ VJG )QQF 5KGIHTKGF Ŏ %WPKIWPFG OCTTKGF VQ 5KGIHTKGF %QWPV QH 9CNDGEM CPF OQVJGT QH 6JKGVOCT QH /GTUGDWTI CPF .KWVJCT 7FQ Ŏ 6CMKPI QP VJG FQWDNG PCOG .KWVJCT 7FQ DGECOG C RTCEVKEG 6JWU 5KGIHTKGFŉU UQP YCU PCOGF .KWVJCT 7FQ + 6JGTG YCU C MKPUJKR VQ VJG 1VVQPKCPU 5CNKCPU 9GNHU $KNNWPIU CPF VJG EQWPVU QH -KGX CU YGNN CU VQ PW OGTQWU QVJGT PQDNG JQWUGU 6JG NCUV EQWPV QH 5VCFG YCU 7FQ +8 YGFFGF VQ $TGCVTKZ QH 9KP\GPDWTI PQV VJG $GCVTKZ HTQO 3WGFNKPDWTI *G YCU UWEEGFGF D[ %QPTCF C FKTGEV FGUEGPFCPV QH 5KGIHTKGF QH 9CNDGEMŉU CPF %WPKIWPFGŉU

*'+04+%* FGT )76'

&GPCT # &KCFGOGF JGCF N *'+04+%85 %1& 4 5OCNN ETQUU 01/0+ &0+ #/'0 01/+0+ &1/+0+ #/'0 TGVTQITCFG &CPPGPDGTI C ,GUUG -KNIGT 5VC! # IT 44 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

&GPCT # $WUV YKVJ UEGRVTG N *'+0 4+%85 %/ 4 &QWDNG NKPGF ETQUU YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU ő <# /' ('%+6 &CPPGPDGTI C ,GUUG -KNIGT 5VC! # IT 44 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $WNNGT EQNNGEVKQP 1UPCDTÒEM 6JG FTCYKPI KP &CPPGPDGTI GZCEVN[ OCVEJGU VJKU EQKP 6JG EQOOGPVU QP VJG NGVVGTU 1 CPF / CNUQ CRRN[ %QWNF VJKU EQKP DG HTQO VJG *QCTF .GKUUQYGT /ÒJNG (TCPMHWTV 1FGT DWTKGF CRRTQZKOCVGN[ ! 6Q O[ OKPF VJKU EQKP UJQWNF DG FCVGF DGHQTG PQ DGECWUG KV EQPUVKVWVGU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG 1VVQ #FGNJGKF 2HGPPKIG CPF VJGUG OWUV NKG DGHQTG #GVJGNTGFŉU VKOG KP 'PINCPF UGG WPFGT 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG -KNIGT CNUQ CFJGTGU VQ VJKU EJTQPQNQI[ R 6JG 0QOKPK &QOKPK KU CNUQ HQWPF QP VJG EQKPU QH 1NCH 5MÌVMQPWPI .. ,GUUG -KNIGT 5VC! #

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG OQPG[GTŉU HWNN PCOG KU *41<# &CPPGPDGTI ENCKOU VJG PCOG ECP DG HQWPF QP VJG EQKPU QH 1NCH 5MÌVMQPWPI DWV PQ UWEJ KPFKECVKQP ECP DG HQWPF KP .CIGTSWKUV *41<# *145# YCU VJG HCOQWU NGCFGT QH VJG 5CZQPU CV VJGKT EQPSWGUV QH 'PINCPF KP 6JKU EQKP KU C HCKVJHWN EQR[ QH VJG %TXZ V[RG QH -KPI #GVJGNTGF ++ QH 'PINCPF 6JG %TXZ V[RG YCU UVTWEM KP 'PINCPF DGVYGGP CPF 6JKU EQKP KU QPG QH VJG XGT[ HGY VJCV KPFKECVGU VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT UGG HQT C FKUEWUUKQP QH OQPG[GT CPF FKG EWVVGT VJG GNWEKFCVKQP CHVGT PQ ,GUUG -KNIGT 5VC ! #

.+76*#4 7&1 +

&GPCT # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI 81#5 őő 0+ 4 #TEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR 8' őő '# &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -KNIGT IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 6GTDGTIGT EQNNGEVKQP 'Z JQCTF QH .WFYKU\E\G VJKU URGEKOGP RQTVTC[GF %H ,GUUG CVVTKDWVGU VJKU EQKP VQ 7FQ ++ &CPPGPDGTI CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ *KNFGUJGKO ,COOGT R RWVU C SWGUVKQP OCTM DGUKFG 7FQ ++

BARDOWICK

$#4&19+%-

#010;/175

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ ++ ++ %+ +++ KP VJG CPINGU ! 081*+/0- 4 6GORNG : ++%+ ++.1*%00 *·XGTPKEM EH IT 44 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 6JG KPUETKRVKQP KP VJG ETQUU KU C EQTTWRVGF HQTO QH 2+.+)4+/ 9CU WPFGT .QYGT 'NDG $CUGF QP -KNIGT R EQR[ QH #PFGTPCEJ + TGNQECVGF KV VQ $CTFQYKEM *CV\ EQPEWTU QP VJKU EQKP JCXKPI VQ DG RNCEGF KP VJG TGIKQP $CTFQYKEM EQTT 0QV NKUVGF YKVJ -KNIGT PQT CP[YJGTG GNUG

-+'. %QWPV #FQNH +8 QH *QNUVGKP KP VJG EQWTUG QH JKU WTDCPKUCVKQP RQNKE[ RTQOQVGF VJG HQWPFCVKQP QH -KGN

YJKEJ YCU EQORNGVGF D[ JKU UQPU ,QJCPP + CPF )GTJCTF + KP 6JKU CHHQTFGF -KGN VJG RQUKVKQP QH OQUV KORQTVCPV EKV[ KP *QNUVGKP )GTOCP OGTEJCPVU RTGUWOCDN[ GPLQ[GF EGTVCKP RTKXKNGIGU 6JG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG UQXGTGKIP QP VJG EKV[ KPETGCUGF YJGP KP VJG 5EJCWODWTIGT EQWPVU QH 2NÌP DGECOG NQTF QH VJG EKV[

9KVVGP P F UVTWEM DGHQTG # 0GVVNG NGCH QXGT UJKR Ç /10'6# „ -+.'05+5 4 5JQTV ETQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG Ç %+8+6#5 Q J1.5#%+' ,GUUG IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5VCNNKPI EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV CV *CP /GWUU /ÒP\GPJCPFNWPI *CODWTI $GHQTG VJG KPVTQFWEVKQP QH VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP KP %H .CPIG C XCT

(4+'&4+%* +

.ª$'%-

%QWPV #FQNH ++ QH *QNUVGKP KP KP JKU VGTTKVQT[ 9CITKGP HQWPFGF VJG EKV[ QH .ÒDGEM *G VQQM VJG PCOG HTQO VJG 5NCXKE .KWDKEG 1NF .ÒDGEM 6JG EKV[ FGXGNQRGF TCRKFN[ CPF UQQP EJCNNGPIGF VJG FQOKPCPV RQUKVKQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQPŉU $CTFQYKEM +P *GPT[ VJG .KQP RTQJKDKVGF VJG (GTPJCPFGN NQPI TCPIG VTCFG +P %QWPV #FQNH +++ QH *QNUVGKP DWKNV C ŋEQWPVGTEKV[Ō KP VJG PQTVJ VJCV EQCNGUEGF YKVJ .ÒDGEM KP #HVGT VJG HCNN QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KP UGV VJG DQTFGTU FGGF OC[ DG HCNUG DWV CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ (TGFGTKEM ++ 7RQP JKU TGVWTP *GPT[ VJG .KQP CICKP DGECOG NQTF QH VJG EKV[ .ÒDGEM (TQO %QWPV #FQNH +++ QH *QNUVGKP HWNHKNNGF VJG QHHKEG CPF HTQO VQ -PWV 8+ CPF 8CNFG OCT ++ QH &GPOCTM +P (TGFGTKEM ++ ITCPVU .ÒDGEM 4GKEJUHTGKJGKV KORGTKCN KOOGFKCE[

*·NDNKPI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUKGTU 1#%.85'4+ 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4KPI QH ETGUEGPVU ,GUUG IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG QP UOCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG 9KNNGOU $GPPGMQO #NVJQWIJ $GTIJCWU RQUKVKXGN[ FGPKGU VJKU DGKPI C .ÒDGEM EQKP + EJQQUG VQ CFJGTG VQ VJKU VJGQT[ HQT PQY %CPPQV DG (TGFGTKEM K O Q CU JG KU PGXGT RQTVTC[GF YKVJ VYQ ETQUKGTU FWTKPI JKU VGPWTG CU GORGTQT 6JG HKIWTG RQTVTC[GF OWUV DG C ENGTKE 6JKU EQKP TGUGODNGU ,GUUG OQUV QH YJKEJ VJG YGKIJV KU PQV FQWDNG VJCV QH VJG EQKP KP JCPF DWV IT

LÜBECK

#.$4'%*6 XQP 14.#/ª0&'

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG MKPI HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM $GTIGT (F $QMGN 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PT #U EKV[JQNFGT QH -KPI 8CNFGOCT ++ QH &GPOCTM 6JGUG EQKPU YGTG KPVTQFWEGF KP .ÒDGEM CHVGT *GPT[ VJG .KQP JCF EGFGF VJG EKV[ VQ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KP &CPKUJ UWRTGOCE[ FKF PQVJKPI VQ EJCPIG VJKU CPF VJGKT WUG YCU EQPVKPWGF CHVGT VJG EKV[ KP CNQPI YKVJ HTGGFQO YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV D[ (TGFGTKEM ++

%+6;

9KVVGP # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING /10'6# G .8$+%'05 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG %+8+6#5 G +/2'4+#. $GJTGPU H ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 9KVVGP RTKQT VQ VJGKT KPVTQFWEVKQP D[ VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP KP (TQO VJKU OQOGPV VJG EKV[ RTQPQWPEGF KVUGNH %+8+6#5 +/2'4+#.+5

5GEJUNKPI P F UVTWEM UKPEG UV UWDV[RG # 5JKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING CPF QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# Z .8$+%'05 4 5JKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING CPF QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING

%+8+6#5 +02'4+#. $GJTGPU J ,GUUG IT 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ )TQWR QH XCTKGVKGU YKVJ UJQTV NGIGPFU FKG EWV XGT[ JCUVKN[ 6JG ŋURJGTGUŌ CTG URJGTKECN QPN[ XGT[ TQWIJN[ VJG FQVVGF UJKGNF GFIGU CPF KPPGT DQTFGT QH FQVU CTG UQ KORWTG VJCV HQT VJG OQUV RCTV VJG FQVU ECP QPN[ DG CUUWOGF VQ DG VJGTG

*QJNUEJGTH 2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI $GJTGPU ,GUUG IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

9KVVGP # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING /10'6# 1 .8$+%'0 4 &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING 1 %+8+6#5 ¢ +/2'4+#. $GJTGPU J ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 5VTWEM CTQWPF

5GEJUNKPI # 5JKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU CDQXG /10'6# : .8$+%'0+5 4 5JKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU CDQXG %+8+6#5 : +/2'4+#.+5 $GJTGPU O ,GUUG IT (KPG RCVKPC HNCP FGHGEV QP VJG TGXGTUG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 2WTUWCPV VQ VJG VTGCV[

6KGVLGP *CODWTI 2WTUWCPV VQ VJG CPF VTGCVKGU

MECKLENBURG

5EJKNNKPI # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING Q /10'6# Q 018# Q .8$+%'05+5 Q 4 5JQTV ETQUU YKVJ EKV[ CTOU KP SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG %48: Q (8)#6 Q 1/0' Q /#.8/ Q $GJTGPU ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM (TQO NKUV PQ 2WTUWCPV VQ VJG VTGCV[

/'%-.'0$74) /GEMNGPDWTI JKUVQT[ KU XGT[ FKXGTUKHKGF +V UVCTVGF CU C RTKPEKRCNKV[ KP WPFGT 2TKDKUNCX CPF YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ HQWT RCTVU KP 6JG[ ITCFWCNN[ EQCNGUEGF WPVKN DTQWIJV C PGY FKXKUKQP /GEMNGP DWTI 5EJYGTKP CPF /GEMNGPDWTI 5VCTICTF $QVJ DGECOG FWEJKGU KP +P VJG /GEMNGPDWTI 5VCTICTF NKPG GPFGF CPF /GEMNGPDWTI YCU QPEG CICKP WPKVGF CU C UKPING FWEJ[ 24+0%'&1/ /'%-.'0$74) 6JG HQTVTGUU /GEMNGPDWTI QTKIKPCNN[ NC[ UQWVJ QH 9KUOCT WPFGT 1VVQ +++ KP ECNNGF ŋ/KEJGNGP DWTIŌ +V YCU VJG #DTQFKVGUŉ OCKP HQTVTGUU NCVGT KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV DGECOG VJG TGUKFGPEG QH VJG 0CEQOKFGU +P KV YCU VJG UGCV QH 2TKDKUNCX DWV KV NQUV KVU UKIPKHKECPEG VQ 1NF .ÒDGEM NCVGT +P TGUKFGPEG YCU VCMGP WR KP 9KUOCT *GPT[ VJG .KQP JCF IKXGP 2TKDKUNCX VJG #DTQFKVG NCPFU KP HKGH KP 6JKU #DQFTKVG UQXGTGKIP YCU C UVCNYCTV QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP CPF JKU UQP CPF UWEEGUUQT $QTYKP YGFFGF *GPT[ VJG .KQPŉU FCWIJVGT VJWU ETGCVKPI VJG 2TKPEKRCNKV[ /GEMNGPDWTI 6JG %QWPV[ 5EJYGTKP YCU CFFGF 6JG GRKUEQRCN UGG YCU OQXGF HTQO /GEMNGPDWTI VQ 5EJYGTKP HKTUV OGPVKQP QH 5EJYGTKP KU KP D[ 6JKGVOCT QH /GTUGDWTI CU <WCTKP #HVGT VJG KORGTKCN DCP JCF DGGP FGENCTGF QP *GPT[ VJG .KQP -KPI 8CNFGOCT ++ DTQWIJV VJGUG VGTTKVQTKGU WPFGT &CPKUJ HGWFCN VGPWTG 6JKU GPFGF KP CV VJG $CVVNG QH $QTPJÌXGF +P *GPT[ $QTYKP ++ FKGF JKU NCPFU CNN QH VJGO 5CZQPKCP HKGHU YGTG FKXKFGF COQPI JKU HQWT UQPU Ő /GEMNGPDWTI WPFGT ,QJCPP + Ő 9GTNG WPFGT 0KMQNCWU + Ő 4QUVQEM WPFGT *GPT[ $QTYKP +++ CPF Ő 2CTEJKO + WPFGT 2TKDKUNCX ++ +P 2CTEJKO ++ YCU CFFGF VQ /GEMNGPDWTI KP 4QUVQEM CPF KP 5VCTICTF YGTG CFFGF 6JGP KP VJG[ YGTG FKXKFGF CPGY

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # $WNN JGCF VQYGT DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU CDQXG RGNNGV $GTIGT ,GUUG 1GTV\GP 5NI )CGVVGPU IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # $WNN JGCF YKVJ UJKGNF 8! DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU $GTIGT ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ

MECKLENBURG

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # $WNN JGCF $GTIGT ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT 8GT[ HKPG

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # $WNN JGCF YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU $GTIGT ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT (NCP ETCEM CPF GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ

5-# $GTP +P VJG NKVGTCVWTG VJKU URGEKOGP CNYC[U JCU C UOQQVJ GFIG DWV JGTG KV ENGCTN[ JCU TC[U

&7%*; /'%-.'0$74) 5%*9'4+0 +P VJG FQOKPKQP YCU FKXKFGF VYQ YC[U /GEMNGPDWTI 5EJYGTKP WPFGT #NDTGEJV + CPF /GEMNGP DWTI 5VCTICTF WPFGT ,QJCPP + +P -KPI %JCTNGU +8 FGENCTGF VJG 5CZQPKCP HKGH XQKF CPF ETGCVGF VYQ FWEJKGU #NDGTV CPF ,QJCPP DQVJ TGEGKXG FWECN FKIPKV[

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWNN JGCF YKVJ UJQTV EWTNU 1GTV\GP IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

5VKGTMQRHDTCMVGCV # $WNN JGCF YKVJ UVCT DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU 1GTV\GP IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QJNRHGPPKI # $WNN JGCF YKVJ HNQYGT QH VJTGG RGNNGVU VTGHQKN! DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU 1GTV\GP IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

5-# $GTP

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

*Â·NDNKPI $WNN JGCF YKVJ HNQYGT DGVYGGP VJG JQTPU 1GTV\GP IT /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

8GT[ HKPG

&GPCT # $WNN JGCF YKVJ ETQYP NKU 4 )TGCV UVCT YKVJ UKZ TC[U 1GTV\GP IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ

MECKLENBURG 9KUOCT %KV[ KP /GEMNGPDWTI +VU QTKIKPU FCVG DCEM VQ VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YJGP (NGOKUJ 9GUVRJCNKCP CPF .QYGTUCZQPKCP OGTEJCPVU UGVVNGF KP 9KUOCT GPEQWTCIGF D[ VJG RTKPEGU QH /GEMNGPDWTI 9KUOCT GOGTIGF KP YGUV CPF PQTVJ QH VJG CESWC 9KUUGOCTG (KXG MO VQ VJG UQWVJ NC[ VJG 5NCXKE ECUVNG /GEMNGPDWTI +P C PQXC EKXKVCU GOGTIGF +P /GEMNGPDWTI YCU CPPWNNGF CPF 2TKPEG ,QJCPP KUUWGF C FGETGG KP ECUVTQ 9[UOCTKG

9KVVGP # %TQYPGF DWNN JGCF YKVJ JCPIKPI VQPIWG %+8+6#5 Ã« /#)014 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ UVCT KP EGPVTG /10'6# Ã« 9;5/#4 ,GUUG -WP\GN * J 1GTV\GP IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ 2WTUWCPV VQ VJG VTGCV[

9KVVGP # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP VJG EGPVTG : /10'6# 9;5/#4+ 4 %KV[ CTOU : %+8+6#5 /#)0121+ ,GUUG -WP\GN & D IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI 2WTUWCPV VQ VJG VTGCV[

*QJNUEJGTH 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF ,GUUG -WP\GN 1GTV\GP 5NI )CGVVGPU IT 4 +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[

4QUVQEM %KV[ KP /GEMNGPDWTI 1P VJG GCUV DCPM QH VJG TKXGT NC[ C 5NCXKE ECUVNG 4Q\VQE DTQCFGPKPI TKXGT +V YCU NCKF KP TWKPU KP D[ 8CNFGOCT + QH &GPOCTM +P *GPT[ $QTYKP + 2TKPEG QH /GEMNGPDWTI

ITCPVGF 4QUVQEM HTGGFQO QH VQNN 6JG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU CESWKTGF KP 6JGTG TGIWNCTN[ YGTG VGPUKQPU DGVYGGP 4QUVQEM CPF HQTGKIP RQYGTU GURGEKCNN[ &GPOCTM 6JG UKIPKHK ECPEG QH VJG EKV[ YCU OCKPN[ DCUGF QP VJG (GTPJCPFGN

9KVVGP # )TKHHQP : /10'6# Â¢ 41561-%'5 4 %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG : %+8+6#5 Â¢ /#)0121.2 'XGTU 5 )TKOO ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ 9KVVGP RTGFCVKPI VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV QH VJG /Ã&#x2019;P\XGTGKP KP QP .Ã&#x2019;DGEM HQQV

MECKLENBURG

9KVVGP # )TKHHQP : /10'6# ¢ 41561-%'5 4 %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG : %+8+6#5 /#)0121. 'XGTU 5 )TKOO ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *CPPGOCPP EQNNGEVKQP PQ 9KVVGP RTGFCVKPI VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV QH VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP KP QP 5NCXKE HQQV

)ÒUVTQY

9KVVGP # $WNN JGCF : %+8+6 ” &0+ ” &9'4.' 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG : /10'6# )856419' ,GUUG XCT 1GTV\GP IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 9KVVGP RTGFCVKPI VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV QH VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP KP

)PQKGP

9KVVGP # )TKHHQP N %+8+6#5 „ 0#)0121. 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP VJG EGPVTG 010'6# „ )41)'05+5 ,GUUG 1GTV\GP IT 5OCNN GPF QH VJG HNCP XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 9KVVGP RTGFCVKPI VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV QH VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP KP CV 5NCXKE UVCPFCTF

&7%*; /'%-.'0$74) /GEMNGPDWTI 5VCTICTF GPFGF CNQPI YKVJ 7NTKEJŉU NKPG KP ECWUKPI /GEMNGPDWTI VQ DG WPKVGF

/#)075 CPF $#.6*#5#4 /CIPWU YCU VJG HKTUV TWNGT QXGT CNN QH /GEMNGPDWTI $CNVJCUCT YCU VJG DTQVJGT QH /CIPWU ++ $GHQTG JG DGECOG FWMG QH /GEMNGPDWTI JG JCF DGGP DKUJQR QH 5EJYGTKP 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH /CIPWU ++ KP CPQVJGT FKXKUKQP NQQOGF DWV KP VJG GPF VJG FQOKPKQP YCU LQKPVN[ IQXGTPGF

&TGKNKPI )ÒUVTQY # %TQUU &8%8ŉ /#)0121.'05 4 %QCV QH CTOU QH /GEMNGPDWTI /10'6 018# )856419 -WP\GN # D 5EJWNVGP 5NI )CGVVGPU IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

RÜGEN

&QRRGNUEJKNNKPI )ÒUVTQY # 5JKGNF YKVJ DWNN JGCF QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF &8%8 Q /#0) 0121 .'05 4 6JTGG UJKGNFU /10' 018# )8561 'XGTU 5 4GKEJUQTV -WP\GN # E 5NI )CGVVGPU IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

5GEJUNKPI )ÒUVTQY # 5JKGNF YKVJ DWNN JGCF QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF &8%8 /#) 012 .'05 4 5JKGNF YKVJ DWNN JGCF $ CDQXG /106 018# )856 419' -WP\GN ( F 5NI )CGVVGPU IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ -WP\GN %QODKPCVKQP KU PQV XGTKHKGF 6JKU EQKP FQGU PQV CRRGCT KP ,GUUG WPFGT PQ C EQKP CRRGCTU VJCV YCU UVTWEM WPFGT VJG VTGCV[ QH EQPVCKP KPI VJG VGZVU /10' 018# )856 &8%8 /#)0 0121 .'05 $ ,CEQD $TCUEJ OQPG[GT KP )ÒUVTQY

#.$4'%*6 8++ FGT 5%*¤0'

&TGKNKPI # $WNN JGCF : #.$#46 &' )4# &8: 4 %QCV QH CTOU QH 5VCTICTF : /10% Q 01 Q &8% Q /#01 'XGTU 5 -WP\GN $ E 5EJWNVGP 5NI )CGVVGPU IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQX PQ #NDGTV 8++ YCU C UQP QH /CIPWU ++ #NVJQWIJ UVCTVKPI CTQWPF )WNFGPITQUEJGP 6CNGTU CPF &QRRGNUEJKNNKPIG YGTG UVTWEM KP CDWPFCPEG VJKU SWCKPV OGFKGXCN EQKP YCU CNUQ MGRV QP

24+0%'&1/ 4ª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ÒIGP CNUQ GPEQORCUUGF VJG HCEKPI OCKPNCPF #HVGT ,CTQOCT ++ ITCPFUQP QH ,CTQOCT + JCF FKGF JKU VYQ UQPU 9K\NCY ++ CPF ,CTQOCT +++ TGKIPGF VJG KUNCPF 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH 9K\NCY ++ KV YCU FKXKFGF 9K\NCY +++ TGEGKXGF 4ÒIGP CPF 5CODQT 5VTCNUWPF 7PVKN VJG FGOKUG QH 9K\NCY +++ FGUEGPFCPVU QH ,CTQOCT + TGKIPGF VJG KUNCPF CHVGT VJCV VJG FWMGU QH 2QOGTCPKC

,#41/#4 ++ QT 9+<.#9

$TCMVGCV 5VTCNUWPF # 9CNN QXGT ETQYP YKVJ HNCI CPF ETQUU CDQXG &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG EH IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ (TQO ŋ'KPG DGFGWVGPFG 5COONWPI 2QOOGTPŌ $F (F -CTTKP

POMMERN

21//'40 2QOGTCPKC OGCPU ŋNCPF D[ VJG UGCŌ 6JG HKTUV OGPVKQP FCVGU DCEM VQ YJGP 2TKPEG <GOW\KN RCKF VTKDWVG VQ -KPI *GPT[ KP /GTUGDWTI #V VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 2QNCPF NGF D[ $QNGUNCX +++ KPXCFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ CPF VQQM -QNDGTI CPF 0CMGN 9KVJ 9CTVKUNCX + CPF 4CVKDQT + VJG )TKHHKV F[PCUV[ VQQM EQPVTQN NCUVKPI WPVKN 6JG VGTTKVQT[ GPEQORCUUKPI -ÌUNKP CPF GZVGPFKPI VQ VJG GCUV 5VQNR CQ YCU TWNGF D[ VJG 4CVKDQTKFGU C UKFG DTCPEJ QH VJG )TKHHKV F[PCUV[ #HVGT VJG NKPG GPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ VGORQTCTKN[ HGNN VQ VJG #UECPKCPU CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ VQ VJG )TKHHKVU KP +P DQVJ VJG F[PCUV[ QH VJG )TKHHKVU CPF VJGKT NCPFU FKXGTIGF C FWEJ[ 5VGVVKP CPF C FWEJ[ 9QNICUV

KP DGVYGGP YGTG VJG VGTTKVQTKGU QH VJG FKQEGUG -COOKP CTQWPF -QNDGTI -ÌUNKP CPF $WDNKV\

2HGPPKI VJ EGPVWT[ # $CTDCTK\GF DWUV 1 ) 4 *CPF 1 %% ' % 1 (KCNC IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 9GUVUNCXGP KP 2QOOGTP CPF /GEMNGPDWTI VJ EGPVWT[

&7%*; 21//'40 91.)#56 (KTUV NQTF YCU $QNGUNCX +8 2QOGTCPKC 9QNICUV JGNF WR WPVKN YJGP CPQVJGT FKXKUKQP VQQM RNCEG +P VJG #UECPKCP *QWUG KP $TCPFGPDWTI DGECOG GZVKPEV 2QOGTCPKC CVVGORVGF VQ ECUV QHH HGWFCN QXGTNQTFUJKR QH VJG 9KVVGNDCEJ *QWUG +P HGWFCN FGRGPFGPE[ QH VJG &WEJ[ 5VGVVKP &WMG $CTPKO +++ QP $TCPFGPDWTI EGCUGF CPF KV DGECOG CP KORGTKCN HKGH .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP %JCTNGU +8 KP ITCPVGF $CTPKO +++ CPF VJG FWMGU QH 9QNICUV VJG YJQNG QH 2QOGTCPKC CPF 4ÒIGP KP HKGH VJWU ETGCVKPI C FQOKPKQP YQTVJ[ QH VJG VKVNG RTKPEKRCNKV[ YKVJKP VJG )GTOCP 'ORKTG /GCPYJKNG VJG &WEJ[ 2QOGTCPKC 9QNICUV YCU URNKV KP *KVJGT CPF (WTVJGT 2QOGTCPKC CPF VJG &WEJ[ 5VGVVKP TGOCKPGF WPEJCPIGF

5VTCNUWPF 9KUNCY +++ QH 4ÒIGP ITCPVGF VJG EKV[ HTGGFQO QH VQNN CPF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP 9JGP VJG RTKPEGN[ JQWUG QH 4ÒIGP DGECOG GZVKPEV 5VTCNUWPF TGUKUVGF VJG ENCKOU D[ VJG FWMGU QH 2QOGTCPKC 9QNICUV CPF VJQUG D[ VJG FWMGU QH /GEMNGPDWTI (TQO 5VTCNUWPF HGNN WPFGT VJG FWMGU QH 2QOGTCPKC CNVJQWIJ KP C NCTIGN[ CWVQPQOQWU EQPUVTWEVKQP

*QJNRHGPPKI # (NCI ! NKPG YKVJ VTKCPINGU YKVJ TC[ &CPPGPDGTI 5QDKGV\M[ IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QJNRHGPPKI # $CPPGT T CDQXG DG[QPF CPF T RGNNGV ,GUUG EH 5QDKGV\M[ EH IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QJNRHGPPKI # $CPPGT N YKVJ TC[ N $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI C ,GUUG 5QDKGV\M[ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

POMMERN &GOOKP (TQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ QP KV EJCPIGF JCPFU OCP[ VKOGU +P 'TKM 8 QH &GPOCTM DGUKGIGF &GO OKP DWV VQ PQ CXCKN KP KV YCU FGXCUVCVGF D[ *GPT[ VJG .KQP +P EQPSWGTGF D[ 8CNFGOCT ++ QH &GPOCTM WPVKN .CVGT &GOOKP YQWNF CESWKTG EKV[ TKIJVU

*QJNRHGPPKI # .KU QP YCNN $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

/ร P\\GPVTWO -ร NP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

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

2[TKV\

+P 1VVQ XQP $CODGTI UVCTVGF JKU ล 2QOOGTPOKUUKQPล 2[TKV\ YCU HTQO MPQY VJG ENGTKECN EGPVTG &WTKPI VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 2[TKV\ YCU RCTV QH VJG FWEJ[ 5VGVVKP

8KGTEJGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ TQUG รฐ /10'6# 018# 2+ 4 )TKHHQP N QXGT VJTGG CPPWNGVU QPG RGNNGV T 5NI 2QIIG YKVJQWV VJG CPPWNGVU IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

/ร P\\GPVTWO -ร NP #WEVKQP PQ

&7%*; 81421//'40 +P VJG &WEJ[ 2QOGTCPKC 9QNICUV YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ *KVJGT 2QOGTCPKC 9QNICUV CPF (WTVJGT 2QO GTCPKC 5VQNR *KVJGT 2QOGTCPKC UVCTVGF YKVJ $CTPKO +8 #HVGT JG FKGF C UGEQPF FKXKUKQP VQQM RNCEG 9QN ICUV WPFGT $QNKUNCX 8+ CPF $CTVJ WPFGT 9CTVKUNCX 8+ 'TKM ++ KU VJG NCUV TWNGT QH VJG RCTV 9QNICUV *G CNNKGF YKVJ 2QNCPF CPF YJGP KP VJG 5VGVVKP NKPG FKGF CNQPI YKVJ 1VVQ +++ 'TKM ++ OCPCIGF VQ VJYCTV VJG VTCPUHGT QH 5VGVVKP VQ $TCPFGPDWTI PQV YKVJQWV VJG TGUVTKEVKQP QH JCXKPI VQ CEMPQYNGFIG VJG UWRTGOCE[ QH $TCPFGPDWTI JQYGXGT 6JG NCUV TWNGT QH VJG RCTV $CTVJ 9CTVKUNCX : FKGF KP 'TKM ++ VQQM 5QRJKC C FCWIJVGT QH $QNGUNCX +: HTQO VJG RCTV 5VCTICTF QH (WTVJGT 2QOGTCPKC HQT JKU YKHG (TQO VJKU OCTTKCIG $QNGUNCX : YCU DQTP UGG WPFGT 2QOGTCPKC

5VTCNUWPF

9KVVGP # 4C[ โ บ /10'6# 580&'05+5 4 %TQUU YKVJ TC[ KP QPG CPING โ บ &'85 ยข +0 ยข 01/+0' 681 &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 9KVVGP DGHQTG VJG /ร P\XGTGKP QH

POMMERN

9KVVGP %QWPVGTOCTM /ÒPUVGT # 4C[ Q /10'6# Q 580&'05+5 4 %TQUU YKVJ TC[ KP QPG CPING &'85 Q +0 Q 01/+0' Q 681 &CPPGPDGTI ,GUUG -TWU[ / IT %QKP CPF %QWPVGTOCTM XGT[ HKPG

5ÒPFKUEJGT 9KVVGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ TC[ N /10'6# ë 580&'05+5 4 5JKGNF YKVJ TC[ N &'85 ë +0 ë 010+0' 681 ,GUUG IT 8GT[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 9KVVGP DGHQTG VJG /ÒP\XGTGKP QH

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT VJG VTGCVKGU QH CPF +V KU TGOCTMCDNG VJCV C TC[ CNQPG UVCPFU XGTVKECN YJKNG VJG TC[ KP VJG UJKGNF KU VWTPGF VQ VJG NGHV u

0COG VCMGP HTQO VJG 2QOGTCPKCP FWECN JQWUG QH VJG )TKHHKVU 4GIWNCTN[ OGPVKQPGF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KVU HQWPFCVKQP QHHKEKCNN[ VQQM RNCEG KP 6JG EKV[ YCU IQXGTPGF D[ CP CFXQECVWU QP DGJCNH QH VJG FWMGU QH 2QOGTCPKC 6JG ŋ)QNFGP 2TKXKNGIGŌ QH OGCPV VJCV )TGKHUYCNF CPF QVJGT EKVKGU KP *KVJGT 2QOGTCPKC EQWNF UCHGIWCTF VJGKT KPFGRGPFGPEG HTQO HGWFCN QXGTNQTFUJKR

)TGKHUYCNF

)TQUURHGPPKI CHVGT # )TKHHQP N /10'6# )4+2'59 4 5JKGNF QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF &# .#8 &'0 &'1 ,GUUG XCT IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

7UGFQO

8KPMGPCWIG # *GNOGV N YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV QH RGCEQEMU HGCVJGTU 4 )TKHHQP N &CPPGPDGTI 5NI 2QIIG IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

)QNNPQY

2HGPPKI # 6YQ ETGUEGPVU DGVYGGP HQWT UVCTU 4 )TKHHQP &CPPGPDGTI 5NI 2QIIG IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

POMMERN

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

5VQNR 5VQNR YCU VJG EGPVTG QH VJG NCPF 5VQNRG +P KV UVQQF WPFGT &WMG $CTPKO + QH 2QOGTCPKC CHVGT VJCV WPFGT VJG FWEJ[ QH VJG 5CODQTKFGU )FCPUM 2QOGTCPKC 'EENGUKCUVKECNN[ KV ECOG WPFGT )PGUGP +P &WMG /GUVYKP ++ QH &CP\KI CESWKGUEGF VJG HQWPFCVKQP QH C OQPCUVGT[ #HVGT /GUVYKPŉU FGCVJ ECUVNG CPF NCPF YGPV VQ VJG 5YGP\QPU +P KV HGNN WPFGT VJG OCTITCXGU QH $TCPFGPDWTI +P C RQUUGUUKQP QH VJG )TKHHKV FWMG 9CTVKUNCY +8 QH 2QOGTCPKC (TQO VQ 5VQNR YCU C NKGP JGNF D[ VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT #HVGT VJCV KV TGVWTPGF VQ VJG )TKHHKV FWMG 'EENGUKCUVKECNN[ KV PQY ECOG WPFGT VJG FKQEGUG -COOKP +P (WTVJGT 2QOGTCPKC YCU URNKV KPVQ 5VQNR CPF 5VCTICTF 5VQNR YCU VJG TGUKFGPEG QH 2QOGTCPKC 5VQNR 6JG EQPUVTWEVKQP QH C FWECN ECUVNG KPUKFG VJG EKV[ YCNNU YCU JQYGXGT VJYCTVGF D[ KVU EKVK\GPU

8KPMGPCWIG # 6JTGG YCXGF NKPGU 4 )TKHHQP N &CPPGPDGTI 5NI 2QIIG IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

5VCTICTF (KTUV OGPVKQPGF KP +P VJG FWMG QH 2QOGTCPKC $CTPKO + EGFGF VJG EKV[ VQ VJG DKUJQR QH -CO OKP CPF IQV KV DCEM KP KP C VTCFG #HVGT VJG FKXKUKQP QH 5VCTICTF ECOG WPFGT $QNGUNCX 8+++ YJQUG ITCPFFCWIJVGT YQWNF GXGPVWCNN[ CEJKGXG VJG WPKV[

8KGTEJGP WO # )TKHHQP N 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG UVCT KP GCEJ CPING &CPPGPDGTI -QRKEMG IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 4GKIP QH $QIKUNCX +: 6JG QDXGTUG KU FGUETKDGF CU C ITKHHKP DWV VQ OG KV NQQMU TCVJGT NKMG C RGCEQEM HCPPKPI QWV KVU VCKN CU ECP DG UGGP QP EQKPU QH 7UGFQO EH PQ

POMMERN

&7%*; 21//'40 $QNGUNCX : YCU DQTP HTQO VJG OCTTKCIG QH 'TKM ++ QH VJG 9QNICUV RCTV QH *KVJGT 2QOGTCPKC CPF 5QRJKC

QH VJG 5VCTICTF RCTV QH (WTVJGT 2QOGTCPKC UCY VJG NKPG 5VGVVKP QH VJG *QWUG )TKHHKV DGEQOKPI GZ VKPEV CPF KP 9CTVKUNCX : QH $CTVJ FKGF *KVJGT 2QOGTCPKC 6JWU $QNGUNCX : DGECOG FWMG QH CNN 2QOGTCPKC 2TQDNGOU YKVJ $TCPFGPDWTI EQPVKPWGF VQ GZKUV KP URKVG QH $QNGUNCXÅ&#x2030;U OCTTKCIG VQ VJG FCWIJVGT QH 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT (TGFGTKEM ++ +P VJKU VQQM CP GPF $QNG UNCX YGPV QP C RKNITKOCIG VQ VJG *QN[ .CPF CPF TGVWTPGF VQ 2QOGTCPKC KP 5VGVVKP DGECOG VJG PGY ECRKVCN # PGY RGTKQF UJQTVN[ FCYPGF UVKHNGF D[ VJG FGOKUG QH $QNGUNCX : KP YJGP VJG NCPF YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ 9QNICUV CPF 5VGVVKP QPEG CICKP CPF YQWNF NCVGT DG HTCIOGPVGF HWTVJGT

$1)'5.#9 :

5EJKNNKPI &COO # )TKHHQP N : $815.#85 Q &8: Q 56'66+0 4 5JKGNF QH 4Ã&#x2019;IGP QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10 '6# Q 0 18# Q & #/ &CPPGPDGTI (TG[ .GXKPUQP + 5EJWNVGP IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

9KVVGP 5VGVVKP # )TKHHQP N $815.#85 &8: 56'6+'05+ 4 5JKGNF QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10' 018# 56'6 +0 &CPPGPDGTI IT (NCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

0-4

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

-QNDGTI /GPVKQPGF D[ 6JKGVOCT QH /GTUGDWTI CU FKQEGUG 5CNUC %JQNDGTIKGPUKU +V HGNN WPFGT VJG FKQEGUG )PGUGP +P 1VVQ QH $CODGTI EQPUGETCVGF VJG EJWTEJ QH 5V /CT[ +P &WMG $CTPKO + NGHV VJG NCPF -QNDGTI VQ VJG DKUJQR QH -COOKP KP GZEJCPIG HQT 5VCTICTF CU VJG EQTG QH C PGY ENGTKECN CTGC +P $KUJQR *GTOCPP QH )NGKEJGP CPF &WMG QH 2QOGTCPKC 9CTVKUNCY +++ HQWPFGF C PGY EKV[ PGZV VQ VJG QNF EKV[ HCNNKPI WPFGT VJG DKUJQR YJQUG UGG YCU CNUQ VJGTG +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ FKURWVGU CTKUKPI

RCTVKEWNCTN[ QXGT UCNV OKPKPI CPF VJG WUG QH VJG JCTDQWT DGVYGGP VJG EKV[ CPF VJG DKUJQRU RTQORVGF VJG FWMGU VQ KPVGTXGPG

*QJNRHGPPKI # 6YQ ETQUUGF ETQUKGTU &CPPGPDGTI C ,GUUG IT

8GT[ HKPG

BRANDENBURG

8KPMGPCWIG # 6YQ ETQUUGF ETQUKGTU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 6YQ ETQUUGF ETQUKGTU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING &CPPGPDGTI D 5NI 2QIIG IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

-QUNKP

8KPMGPCWIG # *GCF QH ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV HCEKPI 4 Q < Q &CPPGPDGTI 5NI 2QIIG IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

$4#0&'0$74) #0*#.6 $4#0&'0$74) *'8'..'4 2TKDKUNCX *GPT[ YCU RTKPEG KP VJG NCPF QH VJG $TCPFGPDWTI CPF VJG *CXQNCPG *KU RTGFGEGUUQT /GKPHTKGF YCU OWTFGTGF KP 6JG UGEQPF RCTV QH JKU PCOG *GPT[ KPFKECVGU VJCV JG YCU EQPXGTVGF VQ %JTKUVKCPKV[ /QUV UWDLGEVU FKF PQV HQNNQY VJGKT MKPI KPVQ VJG PGY TGNKIKQP *G LQKPGF VJG GCUVGTP 5CZQPKCP ITCPFU CPF FTQXG DCEM VJG )ÌV\GPFKGPGT KFQNCVGTU *G DQTG VJG TQ[CN VKVNG CPF JGNF *GTTUEJCHVU\GKEJGP TQ[CN KPUKIPKC QT FKCFGOC TGIPK UWK # (CJPGPNCP\G NCPEG YKVJ RGPPQP HGCVWTGU QP JKU EQKPU YJKEJ OGCPU VJCV JG QYPGF C ŋ(CJPNGJGPŌ NC[ HKGH HTQO VJG GORKTG *KU YKNN YJKEJ UVCVGF VJCV JG YKUJGF VQ DGSWGCVJ JKU NCPF VQ #NDGTV VJG $GCT CPF VJG <CWEJG NCPF VQ VJG UQWVJ QH VJG *CXGN VQ VJG NCVVGTŉU UQP 1VVQ OWUV JCXG ECTTKGF VJG CRRTQXCN QH -KPI %QPTCF +++ *G YCU YGFFGF VQ 2GVTKUUC CNUQ C %JTKUVKCP PCOG 1P VJG GXG QH VJG 9GPF %TWUCFG KP 2TKDKUNCX CPF 2GVTKUUC NCKF FQYP VJGKT ETQYPU KP VJG EJWTEJ QH .GKV\MCW VQ VJG UQWVJGCUV QH /CIFGDWTI KP C U[O DQNKE EGUUKQP QH VJG FQOKPKQP VQ VJG RTKPEG QH VJG CRQUVNGU 1P 2GVTKUUCŉU FGCVJ CNN YCU HTGG HQT VJG JGTGFKVCT[ UWEEGUUKQP QH #NDGTV VJG $GCT CPF VJWU VJG *CXQNCPG NCPF DGECOG VJG 5NCXKE TQQV QH GOGTI KPI $TCPFGPDWTI

24+$+5.#9 *'+04+%*

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # 2TKPEG QP JQTUGDCEM YKVJ DCPPGT T ETQUU DGJKPF JKO *'+04+%85 TGVTQITCFG 4 'FKHKEG DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $4#0&'0$84) TGVTQITCFG $GTIGT $CJTH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CU WUWCN XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

BRANDENBURG

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # #TOQWTGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI *'+0 $4 #0& 4 $WUV QH RTKPEGUU 2GVTKUUC HCEKPI UVCT N HQWT RGNNGVU T 2'6 4+ 55# $GTIGT $CJTH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 4 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

/#4%* $4#0&'0$74) 6JG /CTEJ $TCPFGPDWTI ECOG KPVQ GZKUVGPEG QP ,WPG

#.$4'%*6 + FGT $ 4 #NDGTV VJG $GCT YCU VJG UQP QH VJG #UECPKCP 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ CPF 'KNKMC FCWIJVGT QH &WMG /CIPWU QH 5CZ QP[ *KU GRKVJGV ŋVJG $GCTŌ YCU RGTJCRU CP JQPQWTCT[ VKVNG VQ DCNCPEG VJG .KQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP +P JG DGECOG OCTITCXG QH VJG 'CUVGTP /CTEJ CPF KP QH VJG 0QTVJGTP /CTEJ YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT DGEQOG VJG JGCTV QH $TCPFGPDWTI #ESWKTKPI VJG 0QTVJOCTM KP HKGH JCF DTQWIJV JKU IQCN CEEGFKPI VQ VJG FWECN QHHKEG PGCTGT $WV YJGP -KPI .QVJCT FKGF KP CPF JKU EQWUKP *GPT[ VJG 2TQWF TQUG VQ VJG QHHKEG QH FWMG JKU FTGCO YCU QXGT QPEG CPF HQT CNN 6JG 0QTVJGTP /CTEJ ITGY VQ DG JKU OCKP VGTTKVQT[ +P JG KPJGTKVGF VJG FQOKPKQP QH 2TKDKUNCX *GPT[ YJQ FKGF YKVJQWV KUUWG 6JKU YCU PQV CEEGRVGF YKVJQWV FKURWVG JQYGXGT +P 2TKDKUNCXŉU NCPFU C TGDGNNKQP QH .WUCVKCPU CPF JGCVJGPU DTQMG QWV 6CMKPI CFXCPVCIG QH VJG VWTOQKN ,CZC QH -ÌRGPKEM UGK\GF EQPVTQN CPF YQWNF PQV DG FGHGCVGF WPVKN 1P ,WPG ,CZC QH -ÌRGPKEMŉU QXGTVJTQY OCTMGF VJG DKTVJ QH VJG /CTEJ $TCPFGPDWTI +VU VKVNG JGPEGHQTVJ YQWNF DG /CTEJKQ KP $TCPFGPDQTIJ # ENQUG EQQRGTCVKQP GXQNXGF DGVYGGP VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CIFGDWTI CPF 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI DQVJ CFXGTUCTKGU QH *GPT[ VJG .KQPŉU +P #NDGTV VJG $GCT CPF *GPT[ VJG .KQP TGEQPEKNGF

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF QXGT YCNN CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $4#0& '0$84 ) $GTIGT $CJTH C 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z ) # *QGEMG CPF ) *QGEMG EQNNGEVKQP #VVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU EQKP #NDGTV QT ,CZC! JCU CNYC[U DGGP CODKIWQWU CNN VJG OQTG CU KV QPN[ KPFKECVGU $TCPFGPDWTI CPF PQV CU QP PQ #NDGTVŉU PCOG 1TKIKPCNN[ CVVTKDWVGF VQ ,CZC KV YCU NCVGT IGPGTCNN[ VCMGP VQ DG UVTWEM WPFGT #NDGTV VJG $GCT $CJTHGNF C CPF 0CW (WPF /KEJGPFQTH 0CW RQKPVU QWV VJG NKMGPGUU YKVJ VJG 5V /QTKV\ 2HGPPKIG QH /CIFGDWTI 6JG[ CNUQ UGTXGF CU CP GZCORNG HQT VJG EQKPU QH ,CZC QH -ÌRGPKEM VQFC[ -ÌRGPKEM KU C RCTV QH VJG EKV[ QH $GTNKP

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF EQWPV QP JQTUGDCEM YKVJ UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT UVCT DGJKPF JKO # . $ 4 ' * TGVTQITCFG $GTIGT $CJTH D 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 6JQTOCPP IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$GTNKPGT /ÒP\ECDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG EQWPV QP VJG JQTUG JCU RTCEVKECNN[ VJG UCOG JGCF CU VJG HKTUV 5V /CWTKVKWU DTCEVCVG QH /CIFGDWTI EH PQ 6JG VKOG QH DQVJ EQKPU EQWNF DG VJG UCOG 5JQWNF VJGTG DG VJG UCOG FKG EWVVGT! 6JKU EQTTGURQPFU VQ VJG VJGQT[ QH 0CW OGPVKQPGF KP VJG NCUV PWODGT

BRANDENBURG

$TCMVGCV 9GIGNGDGP $CNNGPUVGFV #UEJGTNGDGP # #TOQWTGF EQWPV UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DCPPGT DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT $CJTH 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 6JQTOCPP IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP

1661 ++

$TCMVGCV 5CN\YGFGN # 6JTGG VQYGTU YKVJ MG[ KP ICVG $GTIGT $CJTH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)TCDQY $GTNKP

(WPFITWRRG # CHVGT /CTITCXG 1VVQ ++ JCTDQWTGF TGNKIKQWU CODKVKQPU +P JG DGSWGCVJGF JKU #UECPKCP RTQRGTVKGU VQ VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE QH /CIFGDWTI CPF TGEGKXGF KV DCEM KP HKGH 1VVQ YCU EJKNFNGUU 7PFGT 1VVQ ++ VJG DTCEVGCVGU UVKNN VQQM C EGPVTCN RQUKVKQP KP 5CN\YGFGN CV VJG NKIJV UVCPFCTF QH IT KP $TCPFGPDWTI CPF 5VGPFCN CV VJG JGCX[ UVCPFCTF QH IT 1VVQ JCF HGY FGPCTKWU V[RGU UVTWEM

&GPCT 5CN\YGFGN! # -G[ KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU 4 'CING N $CJTH C &CPPGPDGTI 'DGTJCIGP 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

%QKP +PXGUVOGPV .KUUG #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU FGPCTKWU YCU RTGUWOCDN[ UVTWEM KP 5CN\YGFGN CHVGT VJG FGCVJ QH *GPT[ QH )CTFGNGIGP VJGTGHQTG CHVGT

#NDGTV ++ VJG JCNHDTQVJGT QH 1VVQ ++ YCU QH C OWEJ OQTG DGNNKIGTGPV FKURQUKVKQP *G OCTTKGF VJG FCWIJVGT QH VJG /GKUUGP OCTITCXG QH .CPFUDGTI CPF .CWUKV\ %QPTCF ++ #NDGTV FKF UVTKMG UQOG DTCEVGCVGU DWV FWTKPI JKU TGKIP VJG FGPCTKK VQQM VJG WRRGT JCPF # PGY FGPCTKWU YCU KUUWGF GCEJ [GCT KP 5VGPFCN CU KP $TCPFGPDWTI CNKMG

,1*#00 + CPF 1661 +++ (WPFITWRRG # #NDGTVŉU UQPU ,QJCPP + CPF 1VVQ +++ CTG EQPUKFGTGF VQ JCXG DGGP VJG OQUV KORQTVCPV TWNGTU QH VJG OGFKGXCN /CTEJ $TCPFGPDWTI 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH VJGKT HCVJGT VJG[ YGTG LWUV CPF [GCTU QH CIG )WCTFKCPUJKR HGNN VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH /CIFGDWTI CPF VJGP EJCPIGF JCPFU VQ VJGKT OQVJGT /GEJVJKNF 6JGKT VGPWTG QH QHHKEG EQOOGPEGF KP 6JG[ VQIGVJGT TWNGF HQT [GCTU CPF GZRCPFGF VJGKT VGTTKVQT[ UKIPKHKECPVN[ 6JG NCPF YCU FKXKFGF KP TGUR HQT RWTRQUGU QH KPJGTKVCPEG 5VKNN VJKU UJQWNF DG UGGP CU CP KPVGTPCN #UECPKCP CHHCKT 1PEG OQTG DTCEVGCVGU YGTG UVTWEM DWV CNUQ FGPCTKK RQTVTC[KPI DQVJ DTQVJGTU QP QPG EQKP

&GPCT CTQWPF # %QWPV UVCPFKPI YKVJ VYQ UEGRVTGU DGVYGGP YKPIU QH CP GCING 4 (QWT VQYGTU YKVJ ETQUU KP EKTENG DGVYGGP VJGO GCINGU JGCF N CDQXG $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

6QFGTK (NQTGPEG &CPPGPDGTI * & ŋ8KGNNGKEJV PKOOV FCU /ÒP\DKNF CWH GKP\GNPG $GUKV\\WIGYKPPG FKGUGT <GKV $G\WI .GDWU 7EM GTOCTM 0GWOCTM WOUVTKVVGPG .GJPUJQJGKV ÒDGT .ÒDGEM Ō

BRANDENBURG 1661 +8 CPF 1661 8 (WPFITWRRG # 6JG VJTQPG QH ,QJCPP CPF 1VVQ FGXQNXGF VQ VJGKT EJKNFTGP VJG UQP QH ,QJCPP 1VVQ +8 ŋYKVJ VJG CTTQYŌ

QH VJG QNFGT NKPG QH ,QJCP CPF 1VVQŉU UQP 1VVQ 8 ŋVJG NQPIŌ QH [QWPIGT 1VVQPKCP NKPGCIG 6JG NCPFU YGTG QPEG CICKP PQV FKXKFGF VGTTKVQTKCNN[ DWV QPN[ CEEQTFKPI VQ KPEQOG TKIJVU CPF CWVJQTKVKGU

&GPCT CTQWPF # %QWPV UVCPFKPI YKVJ VYQ YKPIU QH CP GCING 4 9CNN YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU DGPGCVJ UJKGNF YKVJ GCING QXGT NGVVGT # $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN 6JG NGVVGT # FQGU PQV TGHGT VQ #NDGTV # UCVKUHCEVQT[ GZRNCPCVKQP JCU PQV DGGP RTQXKFGF VQ FCVG 5WIIGUVKQPU CTG # 6TGCV[ QH #TPUYCNFG $CVVNG QH #DDGPUGP YJKNG (TKGFGPUDWTI CUUWOGU VJCV VJG # KU RCTV QH #NRJC CPF 1OGIC (TKGFGPUDWTI R

&GPCT CTQWPF # #TOQWTGF EQWPV YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF GCING QP JQTUGDCEM N 4 )TGCV ETQUU YKVJ QPG UOCNN VQYGT KP GCEJ CPING $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

1661 +8 CPF 1661 8 QT VJG QVJGT OCTITCXGU QH DQVJ NKPGU (WPFITWRRG # #HVGT ,QJCPP CPF 1VVQ JCF FKGF VJG HKXG HQNNQYKPI OCTITCXGU TGKIPGF (TQO ,QJPŉU NKPG ,QJP ++ 1VVQ +8 CPF %QPTCF + CPF (TQO VJG 1VVQPKCP NKPG 1VVQ 8 CPF #NDGTV +++ 1VVQ +8 YCU C HCOQWU HKIWTG 6JG *GKFGNDGTI /CPGUUG .KGFGTJCPFUEJTKHV /CPGUUG UQPI OCPWUETKRV FGUETKDGU JKO CU VJG HKTUV RQGV QH VJG /CTEJ $TCPFGPDWTI NCVGT 9QNFGOCTŉU YKHG YQWNF JCXG C EQKP RQTVTC[ JGT VQ TGUGODNG C RKEVWTG KP VJKU UQPI OCPWUETKRV %QPTCF YCU C OQFGUV OCP 1VVQ 8 OCKPVCKPGF KORQTVCPV TGNCVKQPU YKVJ $QJGOKC CPF #NDGTV JCTDQWTGF TGNKIKQWU CURKTCVKQPU 6JG NCVVGT CESWKTGF VJG /CTEJ .CPFUDGTI KP CPF RTQENCKOGF JKOUGNH ŋOCT ITCXG QH .CPFUDGTIŌ /KPVKPI YCU PQV UJCTGF 6JG TKIJV QH EQKPCIG TGOCKPGF C EQOOQP UQXGTGKIP TKIJV

&GPCT # %QWPV UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP VJG NGVVGTU 6 6 CPF 1 1 4 5OCNN ETQUU KP EKTENG 1661 /#4%*+ $CJTH C &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN &CPPGPDGTI * & ŋ8KGNNGKEJV GKP )GF·EJVPKUFGPCT CWH FGP XGTUVQTDGPGP 5QJP FGU /CTMITCHGP 1VVQ 8 Ō

&GPCT CTQWPF # %QWPV UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP HQWT UJKGNFU YKVJ GCINGU 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING CPF VJG NGVVGTU 1 6 1 KP VJG CPINGU $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN &CPPGPDGTI * & ŋ/ÌINKEJGTYGKUG YWTFG FGT &GPCT PCEJ FGO 6QFG 1VVQ 8++ IGUEJNCIGP IGUV ·NVGTG .KPKG GKP 5QJP /CTMITCH -QPTCFU QFGT PCEJ FGO #DNGDGP 1VVQU 8 ōFGT .CPIGŋ IGUV Ō

BRANDENBURG

&GPCT CTQWPF # %QWPV UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP VYQ JGNOGVU YKVJ ETGUV QH CP GCINGyU YKPI CPF VYQ VQYGTU 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG JGCF QH CP GCING N KP GCEJ CPING $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG

9#.&'/#4 VJG )4'#6 CPF VJG +06'44')07/ (WPFITWRRG # ņ 9JGP 1VVQ +8 FKGF KP VJG /CTEJ $TCPFGPDWTI JCF TGCEJGF KVU ITGCVGUV UK\G #NVJQWIJ CV VJG VKOG QH %QPTCFŉU FGCVJ JKU UQP 9CNFGOCT YCU PQV [GV QH CIG VJG GPVKTG CPF WPFKXKFGF FQOKPKQP YCU CNTGCF[ CV JKU FKURQUCN 9CNFGOCT DGICP JKU TGKIP D[ UGNNKPI NKGPU QH VGTTKVQTKGU CPF TKIJVU KP QTFGT VQ RWTUWG JKU UVTCVGI[ QH GPTKEJOGPV 7PFGT JKO RQNKVKECN CPF UQEKQ GEQPQOKECN FGENKPG UGV KP +P #WIWUV JG UWFFGPN[ FKGF

&GPCT CTQWPF # %QWPV UVCPFKPI YKVJ YKPIU QH CP GCING 4 6JTGG NGCHU .KPFGPDN·VVGT DQWPFGF D[ NKPGU KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UOCNN VTGHQKN KP GCEJ CPING $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT 5OCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG

&QTCW $GTNKP

9CNFGOCTU YKHG #IPGU CVVGORVGF VQ UGEWTG UWEEGUUKQP DWV QVJGTU UWEJ CU 4WFQNH + QH 5CEJUGP 9KVVGPDGTI CNUQ VTKGF VQ ICKP UWRTGOCE[ QXGT VJG VGTTKVQT[ # UKVWCVKQP OWEJ NKMG EKXKN YCT GPUWGF

&GPCT CTQWPF # /QWPVGF RTKPEGUU N YKVJ HCNEQP QP VJG N JCPF U[ODQN HQT CP GCING! 4 6JTGG NGCHU QH CP QCM VTGG CPF VJTGG NGCHU QH C NKOG VTGG CNVGTPCVKPI $CJTH &CPPGPDGTI IT &CTM VQPG UOCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI * & ŋ8GTOWVNKEJ JCV /CTMIT·HKP #IPGU FKGUGP &GPCT PCEJ 9QNFGOCTU #DNGDGP RT·IGP NCUUGP WO KJTG #PURTÒEJG CNU 0CEJHQNIGTKP ! WPF CWH KJT .GKDIGFKPIG KP FGT #NV WPF /KVVGNOCTM \W FQMWOGPVKGTGP &CU 8QTFGTUGKVGPDKNF ·JPGNV UGJT FGT #DDKNFWPI GKPGT TGKVGPFGP (ÒTUVKP OKV ,CIFHCNMGP KP FGT *GKFGNDGTIGT /CPGUUG .KGFGTJCPFUEJKHV Ō /CTITCXGUU #IPGU RTGUWOCDN[ JCF VJKU FGPCTKWU UVTWEM CHVGT 9CNFGOCTŉU FGOKUG VQ FQEWOGPV JGT ENCKOU VQ VJG UVCVWU CU JGKTGUU CPF VQ VJG VJKTFU KP VJG 1NF CPF /KFFNG /CTEJ 6JG QDXGTUG DGCTU C NKMGPGUU VQ VJG KOCIG QH C RTKPEGUU QP JQTUGDCEM ECTT[KPI C HCNEQP KP VJG *GKFGNDGTI /CPGUUG UQPI OCPWUETKRV %H KNNWUVTCVKQP QP VJG PGZV RCIG

BRANDENBURG

%QFGZ /CPGUUG HQN T -QPTCFKP FGT ,WPIG XQP *QJGPUVCWHGP CWH (CNMGPLCIF

6JKU UKVWCVKQP OWEJ NKMG C EKXKN YCT RTQORVGF .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP VQ UGK\G VJG WPQEEWRKGF KORGTKCN HKGH KP *G ITCPVGF JKU GKIJV [GCT QNF UQP .QWKU YJQ YQWNF NCVGT DG PCOGF ŋVJG 'NFGTŌ $TCPFGPDWTI KP HKGH 7R VQ VJTGG UQPU QH .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP YQWNF TGKIP $TCPFGPDWTI 5WEEGGFKPI 1VVQ 8+++ 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 WPKVGF $TCPFGPDWTI YKVJ JKU $QJGOKCP RQUUGUUKQPU WRQP UKIPKPI VJG 6TGCV[ QH (Ò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

(4+'&4+%* ++

)TQUEJGP $TCPFGPDWTI # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING JCPIKPI QP TQRG VJTQWIJ C NQQR DGVYGGP VYQ TQUGVVGU (4'&'4+%85 Q & Q ) Q ++0 Q + Q '.'%614 4 5JKGNF JCPIKPI QP TQRG VJTQWIJ C NQQR DGVYGGP VYQ TQUGVVGU /10'6# Q 01 Q /#4%* Q $4#0&$4) $CJTH IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG -WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ

*QJNRHGPPKI 5VGPFCN # %KVK[ CTOU JCNH QH CP GCING CPF HQWT UVQPGU KP EKTENG QH TC[U $CJTH F IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 'Z -KNNKUEJ X *QTP EQNNGEVKQP

*QJNRHGPPKI (TCPMHWTV 1FGT # *GNOGV YKVJ ETGUV $CJTH IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

ANHALT

#0*#.6 #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH &WMG $GTPJCTF QH 5CZQP[ KP #UECPKCP RQUUGUUKQPU FGXQNXGF QP *GPT[ + VJG (CV

YJQ TGEGKXGF VJG CEVWCN GUVCVG DGVYGGP VJG 'CUV *CT\ CPF VJG /KFFNG 'NDG *G DGECOG EQWPV DWV UQQP YCU GNGXCVGF VQ RTKPEG GNGEVQT *KU CPEGUVQTU YQWNF PQV CESWKTG FWECN FKIPKV[ WPVKN 6JG UGPKQTKV[ RTKPEKRNG GPVCKNGF VJG VJTGG YC[ FKXKUKQP #UEJGTUNGDGP YGPV VQ VJG FKQEGUG *CNDGTUVCFV KP CNQPI YKVJ VJG EKV[ QH #PJCNV $GTPDGTI CPF -ÌVJGP /CLQT VGTTKVQTKCN GZRCPUKQPU YGTG VJG CESWKUKVKQP QH <GTDUV CPF VJG %QWPV[ #TPUVGKP $CTD[ NCVGT HQNNQYGF D[ 0KGPDWTI 5CEJUGP )GTPTQFG CPF *GEMNKPIGP

57%%'5514 *'+04+%* + UKPEG

$TCMVGCV #UEJGTUNGDGP 9GIGNGDGP -ÌVJGP # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU OCFG QH RGNNGVU $GTIGT (WPF $QTPG 6JQTOCPP IT /CIPKHKEGPV FCTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV #UEJGTUNGDGP 9GIGNGDGP -ÌVJGP # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UYQTFU DGVYGGP HQWT VQYGTU $GTIGT (WPF $QTPG 6JQTOCPP IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

)TÒP *GKFGNDGTI #WEVKQP PQ

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

$TCMVGCV #UEJGTUNGDGP 9GIGNGDGP -ÌVJGP # 2TKPEG UKVVKPI HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UYQTFU $GTIGT (WPF $QTPG 6JQTOCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ

$4#705%*9'+) .ª0'$74) 9JGP *GPT[ VJG .KQP FKGF KP JG NGHV JKU VJTGG UQPU *GPT[ VJG .QPI 1VVQ +8 CPF 9KNNKCO VJG GUVCVG $TWPUYKEM .ÒPGDWTI )ÌVVKPIGP (TQO VQ VJG VJTGG DTQVJGTU TGKIPGF LQKPVN[ YKVJ *GPT[ VJG .QPI YJQ YCU CNUQ EQWPV RCNCVKPG QH VJG 4JKPG CU RTKOWU KPVGT RCTGU 9JGP 1VVQ DGECOG MKPI CU 1VVQ +8 KP C PGY GTC DGICP HQT VJG 9GNH &[PCUV[ 1VVQ VQQM QXGT VJKPIU CPF *GPT[ VJG .QPI YCU FGOQVGF VQ C DCEMITQWPF RQUKVKQP 6JG OCTTKCIG QH VJG [QWPIGUV DTQVJGT 9KNNKCO VQ VJG UKUVGT QH &CPKUJ MKPI 8CNFGOCT KP KP 2CFGT DQTP ECWUGF VJG GUVCVG VQ DG FKXKFGF *GPT[ VJG .QPI TGEGKXGF *CPPQXGT CPF )ÌVVKPIGP 9KNJGNO YCU IKXGP .ÒPGDWTI CPF 1VVQ $TWPUYKEM 6JKU NCUV OQXG KP RCTVKEWNCT YCU KPVGPFGF VQ YKP DCEM RQYGT +P URKVG QH JKU MKPIUJKR 1VVQ FKF PQV OCPCIG VQ JCPFNG HCOKN[ CHHCKTU CU TGSWKTGF VJG TGCUQP CU VQ YJ[ JG FKF PQV GNGXCVG VJG HCOKN[ŉU GZVGPUKXG RQUUGUUKQPU VQ C FWEJ[ TGOCKPU ENQWFGF KP O[UVGT[ #U C TGUWNV *GPT[ UVGRRGF DCEM KP *GPT[ VGORQTCTKN[ LQKPGF HQTEGU YKVJ 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC JQYGXGT CHVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU CUUCUUKPCVKQP KP *GPT[ TGVWTPGF VQ VJG 9GNH HQNF *G CDFKECVGF JKU QHHKEG QH EQWPV RCNCVKPG KP HCXQWT QH JKU UQP YJQ FKGF PQV DGHQTG NQPI 6JWU VJG RCNCVKPCVG YCU NQUV HQT IQQF CPF KP 1VVQ QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ YCU ITCPVGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ KP HKGH #V VJG VKOG QH 9KNNKCOŉU FGCVJ KP 1VVQ CNUQ CFOKPKUVTCVGF .ÒPGDWTI CPF JG YCU PQOKPCVGF IWCTF KCP QXGT 1VVQ VJG %JKNF 9KNNKCOŉU UQP +P 1VVQ FKGF JKOUGNH

*'+04+%* FGT .#0)' 9+.*'./

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # *GTCNFKE NKQP T QXGT UOCNN VQYGT $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM

BRAUNSCHWEIG-LÜNEBURG

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # *GTCNFKE NKQP N VQYGT YKVJ YCNN CPF UOCNNGT VQYGT DGJKPF JKO $GTIGT (KCNC ,QJCPP 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 9GNVGT ,QJCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # *GTCNFKE NKQP T JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ FKXKFGF VCKN RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV T $GTIGT (KCNC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM

/ÒP\GP /GFCKNNGP 5VWVVICTV (TQO NKUV PQ

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # *GTCNFKE NKQP T JGCF HCEKPI YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH IT 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # %TQYPGF JGTCNFKE NKQP N YKVJ UJKGNF $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

1661 +8

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # %TQYPGF JGTCNFKE NKQP T 1661 &' .80'$84) $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 9GNVGT C IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # %TQYPGF JGTCNFKE NKQP T YKVJ ETQUU DGJKPF JKO $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 9GNVGT IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM

BRAUNSCHWEIG-LÜNEBURG

1661 FCU -+0&

$TCMVGCV $TCWPUEJYGKI *GTCNFKE NKQP T JGCF HCEKPI QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG 1661 &8: &' $480 $GTIGT &GPKEMG (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 9GNVGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV

1661 FGT 564'0)'

$TCMVGCV .ÒPGDWTI # *GTCNFKE NKQP T QXGT ETGUEGPV $GTIGT (KCNC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

#.$4'%*6 FGT )4155'

$TCMVGCV $TCWPUEJYGKI # *GTCNFKE NKQP N JGCF HCEKPI $GTIGT &GPKEMG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-QUNQYUMK *CODWTI

$TCMVGCV $TCWPUEJYGKI # *GTCNFKE NKQP N JGCF HCEKPI QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG $GTIGT &GPKEMG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

-QUNQYUMK *CODWTI

%+6; 1( $4#705%*9'+) +P VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU UQNF CU C NKGP VQ VJG EKV[ QH $TWPUYKEM %QKPCIG

$TCMVGCV # *GTCNFKE NKQP T JGCF HCEKPI QXGT NGVVGT 4 $GTIGT &GPKEMG 5EJÌPGOCPP 5NI )TCDC IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

'YKIGT 2HGPPKI # *GTCNFKE NKQP N $GTIGT &GPKEMG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

BRAUNSCHWEIG-LÜNEBURG

%+6; QH .ª0'$74) +P VJG OKPV YCU UQNF VQ VJG EKV[ QH .ÒPGDWTI

$NCHHGTV # .KQP UVCPFKPI VYQ VQYGTU T $CJTH ,GUUG IT

8GT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ YKVJ *CODWTI QH QT 'Z -ÒPMGT #WEVKQP PQ

9KVVGP # *GTCNFKE NKQP N /10'6# .80'$14'J 4 %TQUU YKVJ TKPI CPF UOCNN NKQP KP EGPVTG ¿ 5+6 .#85 &'1 2#64+ $CJTH ,GUUG IT 44 8GT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI 6JKU 9KVVGP RTGUWOCDN[ YCU UVTWEM D[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH

5EJKNNKPI # 9CNN YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF EKV[ CTOU KP ICVG /10'6# 018# .80'$14)'ŉ 4 %TQUU ).14+# Q .#85 Q &'1 Q 2#64+ Q ,GUUG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPKP EQNNGEVKQP %H $CJTHGNF G 5VTWEM CHVGT

9KVVGP # *GTCNFKE NKQP N /10'6# ” .80'$' $14 4 *GTCNFKE NKQP N 5+6 ¢ .#8 5+6 ¢ 2#64+ ,GUUG XCT IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI 5VTWEM D[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCVKGU QH CPF

%+6; QH *#0018'4 +P VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU UQNF VQ VJG EKV[ QH *CPPQXGT

*QJNRHGPPKI # .QPI ETQUU QXGT UV[NKUGF JGNOGV YKVJ ETGUV 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTMN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ $WEM /GKGT 5VTWEM HTQO

GOSLAR

-TGW\ITQUEJGP # 5JKGNF QH *CPPQXGT VJTGG CPPWNGVU CTQWPF /10 Q 018 *#018'45 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG ENQXGT KP GCEJ CPING 5#.8'+ Ã« %48: Ã« $'0+)..# $WEM /GKGT 5EJWNVGP IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

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

EH PQU +V UGGOU C NKVVNG EWTKQWU VJCV 'IDGTV CNUQ TGNCVKXGN[ UQQP CHVGT VJG ECVJGFTCN JCF DGGP EQPUGETCVGF EQRKGF VJG OQVKH QH VJG VYQ UOCNN JGCFU DWV QOKVVGF VJG VGZV 'IDGTV QYPGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV HQT $TWPUYKEM DWV 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU YGTG PQV MPQYP VJGTG + MPQY QH PQ EQPPGEVKQP DGVYGGP $TWPUYKEM CPF )QUNCT

*'+04+%* +8

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DGCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UVCHHU VGTOKPCVKPI KP C ETQUU 5 KP HKGNF *' +0 4+% 4 *GCFU QH 5V 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU TKPI CDQXG 5 5+/10 5 +8&#5 &CPPGPDGTI EH C 5EJTCOO 5NI $QPJQHH EH IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ $NÂ·VVGT HÃ&#x2019;T /Ã&#x2019;P\HTGWPFG PQ 6H &CPPGPDGTI FQGU PQV MPQY VJKU V[RG VYQ FKHHGTGPV ETQUU UVCHHU CPF VJG NGVVGT 5 6JKU V[RG UVCTVU WPFGT *GPT[ +++ CU KORGTCVQT VJWU CHVGT JQYGXGT YKVJQWV VJG ETQUU UVCHHU 6JG VGZVU UWRRQUGFN[ TGCF # *'+04+%85 Å&#x2018; CPF 4 5 5 5+/10 5 5 +8&#5

GOSLAR #010;/175

$TCMVGCV VJ EGPVWT[ # *GCFU QH 5V 5KOQP WPF ,WFCU HCEKPI QXGT NKU TKPI CDQXG $GTIGT (WPF /ÌFGUUG + 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZRTGUUKXG RCVKPC C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

$TCMVGCV VJ EGPVWT[ # 6YQ ETQYPGF JGCFU QXGT VYQ TQUGVVGU QH HKXG RGNNGVU TKPI CDQXG $GTIGT %CRRG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

#HVGT VJGUG DTCEVGCVGU VJG OQVKH QH VJG VYQ UOCNN JGCFU QH 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU YCU PQ NQPIGT WUGF +V YCU TGRNCEGF YKVJ 5V /CVVJGY 6JG ŋ/CVVJKCUITQUEJGPŌ NKUVGF WPFGTPGCVJ CTG CNN FKHHGTGPV PQV QPN[ KP VKOG DWV CNUQ KP NGVVGTKPI UGG VJG QPG JGCFGF GCING KP RCTVKEWNCT (QNNQYKPI VJG ŋ/CVVJKCUITQUEJGPŌ VJG ŋ$CWGTPITQUEJGPŌ UCY VJG TGVWTP QH VJG HKIWTGU QH 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU

/CVVJKCUITQUEJGP # 'CING /10'6# Q 018# Q )15.#4+' 4 5V /CVVJKCU YKVJ DQQM CPF CZG 5#0%6ŉ /#6*+#5 Q $WEM $ÒVVPGT -NWIG E & %CRRG IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG

%QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ (QWPF QP ,WPG FWTKPI C TGEQPUVTWEVKQP QH C HCTO 4GRQTVGF #WIWUV CPF FGUETKDGF D[ -2- 6JG JQCTF YCU HQWPF KP C RQV DGNN[ EGTCOKE RQV QH YJKEJ VJG TKO CPF NCTIG RCTVU QH VJG PGEM JCF DTQMGP QHH 6JG JQCTF EQP UKUVGF QH EQKPU QH FKHHGTGPV V[RGU

/CVVJKCUITQUEJGP # 'CING N TKPI KP HTQPV Q /10'6ŉ Q 018ŉ Q )15.#4+'05 4 5V /CVVJKCU YKVJ DQQM CPF CZG 5#%685 Q /#6*+#ŉ $WEM $ÒVVPGT -NWIG %CRRG IT 8GT[ HKPG

%QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ

GOSLAR

/CVVJKCUITQUEJGP # 'CING : /10'6# 018# )15.#4+'0 4 5V /CVVJKCU YKVJ DQQM CPF CZG 5#0%6 /#6*+#5 $WEM $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT -NWIG E % %CRRG IT 8GT[ HKPG %QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ

/CVVJKCUITQUEJGP # 'CING YKVJ CPPWNGV N Q /10'6# Q 018# Q )15.#4+'0 4 5V /CVVJKCU YKVJ DQQM CPF CZG 5#0%685 Q /#6*+#5 $WEM $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT -NWIG C % %CRRG IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

%QKP +PXGUVOGPV FGP *CCI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF 9KLPCPFUTCFG PQ

$CWGTPITQUEJGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QP KV WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ ETGUV /10'6# Q 018# )15.#4+'0 4 5V 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU UVCPFKPI YKVJ RCNO NGCHU : 5#0%6 85 5+/10 : '6 +8&#5 $WEM $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT -NWIG C $ 5EJWNVGP IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ %CRRG 8++ #HVGT

%+6;

*QJNRHGPPKI # $WUV QH 5V /CVVJKCU HCEKPI YKVJ CZG $WEM $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT -NWIG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG 6WTSWCV /QPVRGNNKGT %CRRG 8+

GITTELDE

)+66'.&' )KVVGNFG NKGU PQV HCT HTQO )QUNCT +V YCU HKTUV OGPVKQPGF KP C FGGF QH 1VVQ + FCVGF +P KV VJG XKNNCIG QH )GNKVJK KU EGFGF VQ VJG PGYN[ HQWPFGF EQPXGPV QH 5V /CWTKEG KP /CIFGDWTI UGG WPFGT /CIFGDWTI 1VVQ + ITCPVGF VJG EJWTEJ QH /CIFGDWTI VJG RTQEGGFU QH VJG TKIJV QH OCTMGV CPF OKPV KP XKNNC )GVNKFG 6JG /CIFGDWTI EQPXGPV YJQNN[ CESWKTGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV HQT )GNGVJK )GVNKFG KP 1VVQ ++ 1H )KVVGNFG XGT[ NKVVNG KU MPQYP &CPPGPDGTI UVKNN OGPVKQPGF VJGUG EQKPU WPFGT WPDGMCPPVG /ÒP\UV·VVGP

WPMPQYP OKPVU KP RCTV QH JKU UVWF[ 6JG VGZV OGPVKQPGF CDQXG YCU VCMGP HTQO RCTV VYQ R C VGZV HWNN[ TGUVKPI WRQP CP CTVKENG D[ /GPCFKGT )KVVGNFGT 2HGPPKIG < H 0 :8+ R

2HGPPKI # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT *+456'+& 6' $+5%12 4 $GCTFGF DWUV N YKVJ UVCHH GPFKPI KP ETQUU

+'.+6*+5 2'0+0) &CPPGPDGTI IT 'ZRTGUUKXG RQTVTCKV FCTM RCVKPC WPEGPVGTGF CPF OKPQT HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ %H CNUQ .WFY E /GPCFKGT )KVVGNFG C 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT ,COOGT R 6JG NGIGPFU QH VJKU V[RG UJQWNF DG *+4 56'+& 6' $+5%12 JGTG UVCPFU VJG DKUJQR CPF +'.+6*+5 2'0+0) RHGPPKI QH ,GNKVJG 4GH HQT &CPPGPDGTI KU QPN[ /GO 5V 2GVGT +++ 6CH &CPPGPDGTI TGCEJGU VJG EQPENWUKQP VJCV VJKU RHGPPKI DGNQPIU VQ VJG RGTKQF QH VJG /CIFGDWTI CTEJDKUJQR *CTVYKI +8

CPF VJCV VJG TGXGTUG RQTVTC[U VJG 8QIV 6JGFGTKEWU &KGVTKEJ ++ QT &KGVTKEJ +++ %QWPV QH -CVNGPDGTI KP YJQUG VGTTKVQT[ )KVVGNFG YCU UKVWCVGF

)+66'.&' QT *#.$'456#&6!

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR QP VJTQPG YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT QPG RGNNGV N CPF HKXG RGNNGVU ETQUU UJCRGF T 5 5/ +81# $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI .ÌDDGEMG $GUUGT $T·OGT $Ò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ŉ CTIWOGPVCVKQP ENQVJGU CPF NGIGPF KU UWEJ VJCV KV KU NKUVGF WPFGT )KVVGNFG JGTG (QT C HWTVJGT FKUEWUUKQP CDQWV VJG RCNNKWO EH VJG EQOOGPV WPFGT /KNCP +VCN[ 2CTV +++

HILDESHEIM

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Ã&#x2019;T $GTPYCTF &QQT VJG $GTPYCTF -TGW\ $GTPYCTF %TQUU CPF VJG $GTPYCTF 5Â·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

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # $GCTFGF ETQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI PQ NGIGPF XKUKDNG DWV CP + RCTV QH *! 4 $WUV QH /CTKC 5

/#4+# &CPPGPDGTI IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

#JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ &CPPGPDGTI VJG QDXGTUG VGZV TGCFU +/2' %8104#& 4 CPF HQT VJG TGXGTUG JG JCU 5 % /#4+# 9JKEJ KU RGEWNKCT CU -NWIG R KPFKECVGU VJCV %QPTCF PGXGT UVTWEM EQKP KP *KNFGUJGKO DWV QPN[ *GPT[ +++ 1P VJGUG ITQWPFU VJKU EQKP KU ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT *GPT[ +++

#&'.*1) 9CU QH 5CZQPKCP PQDKNKV[ QH 4GKOUVGFV *G YCU C NQ[CNKUV VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU DWV YCU ECTGHWN VQ VCMG C OQFGTCVG RQUKVKQP KP VJG RQNKVKECN EQPUVGNNCVKQP DGVYGGP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CPF *GPT[ VJG .KQP +P URKVG QH VJG VGPUKQP YKVJ VJG 9GNHU #FGNJQI YCU FKQEGUCP QH $TWPUYKEM 7PFGT #FGNJQI KP 5V /KEJCGNÅ&#x2030;U EJWTEJ TGRWVGF HQT KVU EGKNKPI HTGUEQU YCU TGDWKNV

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU KP SWCVTGHQKN RGNNGVU CTQWPF $GTIGT /GJN 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ CVVTCEVKXG RCVKPC -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

HILDESHEIM

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UVCHH VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU VYQ CPPWNGVU DGPGCVJ VJG JGCF őőőő/'05+5 $GTIGT (F /ÌFGUUG + /GJN 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV *+'&0++& +5'/'05+5 0CW *+'&0++&# +5'/'05+5 /GJN *+'&0++&' 05'/'05+5 *KNFGUJGKO *+.&'05'/'05+5

-104#& ++

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ EWR CPF ETQUU QP YCNN YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU # # DGPGCVJ JKU NGIU $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&QTCW $GTNKP (TQO NKUV PQ 6JG # WUGF VQ DG KPVGTRTGVGF CU KPFKECVKPI #NHGNF C OKPV QH VJG DKUJQRU QH *KNFGUJGKO DWV VJKU KU KPEQTTGEV

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UVCHHU VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP CPF UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4KVVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z (WPF *KNFGUJGKO PQ (QT VJG *QCTF *KNFGUJGKO UGG 9 ,GUUG KP *CODWTIGT $GKVT·IG HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM *GHV R *QCTF *KNFGUJGKO YCU HQWPF KP VJG QNF EKV[ QH *KNFGUJGKO KP $WTKGF CTQWPF

*'+04+%* +

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4KVVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z (WPF *KNFGUJGKO PQ

HILDESHEIM

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM YKVJ VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP C ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTM RCVKPC CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG ETQUU UVCHHU YKVJ DCPPGT CTG VJG UCOG CU 5V /CWTKEGÅ&#x2030;U DCPPGT KP /CIFGDWTI

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR UVCPFKPI HCEKPI YKVJ QPG HNCI KP GCEJ JCPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF VYQ UVCTU $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG 4KVVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH $QPJQHH FGUETKDGU VJKU CU VJG JCPFU TCKUGF KP DNGUUKPI 'Z (WPF *KNFGUJGKO PQ +V CRRGCTU VJCV VJGTG KU UQOG KNNGIKDNG YTKVKPI

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR UKVVKPI QP YCNN HCEKPI YKVJ QPG VQYGT KP GCEJ JCPF $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 /KPQT GFIG HCWNV UNKIJVGN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG 4KVVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH (TQO NKUV PQ (WPF *KNFGUJGKO PQ

#010;/175 VJ EGPVWT[

/CTKGPRHGPPKI # 8GKNGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP / CPF & 4 5JKGNF KP VTGHQKN YKVJ VJTGG UVCTU VJTGG RGNNGVU KP CPPWNGVU KP VJG CPINGU /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

/CTKGPRHGPPKI # %TQYPGF CPF XGKNGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU YKVJ RGNNGVU 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING CPF % 4 8 : /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

/CTKGPRHGPPKI # 8GKNGF JGCF 4 1 5 # 4 6YQ ETQUKGTU DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU # 8 ' /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

HALBERSTADT

&+1%'5' *#.$'456#&6 +VU JKUVQT[ VTCEGU DCEM VQ VJG FC[U QH %JCTNGOCIPG YJGP *KNFGITKO DKUJQR QH %J³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ŉU ECORCKIPU *CNDGTUVCFV YCU QPEG CICKP NCKF KP TWKPU *CNDGTUVCFV YCU TGDWKNV CHVGT VJG HCNN QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP 6JGTG YCU GZRCPFKPI WPFGT $KUJQR (TGFGTKEM

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Ŋ*GTT ,GUW PKOO OGKPGP )GKUV CWHŉ &CPCEJ MPKGVG GT PKGFGT WPF UEJTKG OKV NCWVGT 5VKOOG WPF URTCEJ ŉ*GTT DGJCNV KJPGP FKG 5ÒPFG PKEJV FGPP UKG YKUUGP PKEJV YCU UKG VWPŉ 'T YCTF CDGT IGUVGKPKIV KP FGO UGNDGP ,CJTG FCU %JTKUVWU IGP *KOOGN HWJT KP FGO P·EJUVGP #WIWUVOQPF FCTPCEJ CO FTKVVGP 6CI 6JG[ UVQPGF JKO HQT RTC[KPI CPF URGCMKPI VJG YQTFU ň.QTF ,G UWU TGEGKXG O[ URKTKVŉ 6JGP JG MPGNV CPF ETKGF YKVJ C NQWF XQKEG CPF URQMG VJG YQTFU ŉ(CVJGT HQTIKXG VJGO HQT VJG[ FQ PQV MPQY YJCV VJG[ CTG FQKPIŉ *G YCU JQYGXGT UVQPGF KP VJG UCOG [GCT VJCV %JTKUV CUEGPFGF VQ VJG JGCXGPU KP VJG HQNNQYKPI OQPVJ QH #WIWUV CHVGT VJCV QP VJG VJKTF FC[ 5V )COCNKGN CPF 0KEQFGOWU VQQM JKU DQF[ CPF DWTKGF KV KP )COCNKGNŉU HKGNF 7RQP 5VGRJGPŉU FGCVJ C ITGCV RGTUGEWVKQP QH %JTKUVKCPU YCU KPUVKICVGF KP ,GTWUCNGO 6JG NKHG QH 5VGRJGP KU CNOQUV KFGPVKECNN[ VQNF KP #EVU CPF 5V 5VGRJCP YCU TGXGTGPEGF KP *CNDGTUVCFV DWV CNUQ KP VJG TGUV QH )GTOCP[ *KU OCTV[TFQO KU QHVGP FGRKEVGF KP XCTKQWU UVCIGU VJG UVQPKPI D[ VYQ ,GYU VJG MPGGNKPI DGHQTG JKU VYQ VQTOGPVQTU 6JG UVQPKPI KU RQTVTC[GF OQUV

47&1.( + XQP 5%*.#&'0

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH 5V 5VGRJCPWU HCEKPI 5#0%685 56' 4 %TQUU YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU #0&8:*#. $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

$CNFYKP .QPFQP 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV QPN[ RTQXKFGU C VGZV HQT VJG TGXGTUG QH 48 # CPF IKXGU VJTGG URGEKOGPU

CPF HQT CNN VJTGG TGHGTGPEG KU OCFG VQ VJG JQCTF *CNDGTUVCFV HTQO #TEJKXG 5NI $WEJGPCW VGZV CTQWPF VJG ETQUU 8&(8+ '25 VGZV CTQWPF VJG DWUV #08 5NI .ÌDDGMG RTQXKFGU PQ VGZV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI QPN[ IKXGU C TGXGTUG VGZV 481& .2*8 TGHGTU VQ $GT F $GTN 0WO )GU 6JG VGZVU QH VJG QD CPF TGXGTUG HQTO QPG VGZV YJKEJ KU UQOGVJKPI TCVJGT WPWUWCN 5#0%685 56' 2* #0 &8: *#. 6JG KPHKZ &8: UVTKMGU OG CU QFF 5V /CWTKEG KP /CIFGDWTI YCU KPFKECVGF CU &8: QP C PWODGT QH JKU EQKPU DGECWUG JG YCU FWMG QH VJG 6JGDCP NGIKQP DWV KP VJG ECUG QH 5VGRJGP VJKU YCU QWV QH VJG SWGUVKQP

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

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT N MPGGNKPI KP HTQPV QH 5V 5VGRJCPWU T YKVJ DQQM NGVVGT 5 DGJKPF JKO 56'2*#085 19&#.&+%85 '2% $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT X 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z 9TWEM #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU MPGGNKPI DGKPI RGNVGF D[ UVQPGU VJG *CPF QH )QF DGHQTG JKO 1&#.4+5 CV VJG GFIG 5#0%685 Q 56'2*#085 $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF YGNN UVTWEM CPF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP

)'41 XQP 5%*'4/-' 6JGTG KU PQ MPQYP EQKP KPFKECVKPI VJG PCOG QH )GTQ QH 5EJGTOMG 7PFGTPGCVJ JKU EQKPU CTG ENCUUKHKGF KPVQ VJTGG ITQWRU %QKPU QP YJKEJ JG CRRGCTU VQIGVJGT YKVJ 5V 5VGRJGP EQKPU QP YJKEJ 5V 5VG RJGP CRRGCTU CNQPG CPF EQKPU FGRKEVKPI UEGPGU HTQO VJG NKHG QH 5V 5VGRJGP

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT N CPF 5V 5VGRJCPWU T YKVJ DQQM KP CTEJKVGE VWTCN HTCOG $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5IN $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ $QWIJV CV 'ORQTKWO *CODWTI

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 5VGRJCPWU CDQXG C EKV[ ICVG YKVJKP VJG ICVG C DWUV QH C DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*CWEM #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

HALBERSTADT

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG 5V 5VGRJCPWU CDQXG 5%5 56'2*#085 241 /#46+4 $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO (TQO 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # $WUV QH 5V 5VGRJCPWU DGVYGGP VJTGG RGNNGVU UVQPGU CPF UVCT 5 56'2*#085 24161 /#46+ $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5IN $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

6QFGTK (NQTGPEG

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU UGCVGF QP NKQP JGCFGF VJTQPG JQNFKPI WPTQNNGF OCPKRNG DGHQTG JKO 5%5 56'2*#0+5 416*8+5 $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5IN $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN HNCP FGHGEV PKEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU UGCVGF QP NKQP JGCFGF VJTQPG 5%5 56'2*# 085 2416* $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 5NKIJVGN[ VQPGF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG RKGEG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU MPGGNKPI WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VQYGTU UWTTQWPFGF D[ RGN NGVU UVQPGU $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC KTTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ $GUKFGU KP $GTIGT QPN[ HQWPF KP .ÌDDGMG CPF KP 5NI $TCPFV 8 .ÌDDGMG FGUETKDGU CU ŋ5VÒT\GPFGT *GKNKIGTŌ HCNNKPI UCKPV 6JGUG VYQ VQYGTU CTG FKHHGTGPV HTQO VJQUG KP .ÌDDGMG +P VJG URGEKOGP $GTIGT CPF KP VJG 5NI $TCPFV 5V 5VGRJGP KU HQNNQYGF D[ QPN[ QPG FQV TQEM! KPUVGCF QH VJG WUWUCN HKXG CU UGGP JGTG

HALBERSTADT

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU UWTTQWPFGF D[ UVQPGU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ 5 5 56'2*#085 2416 QP KV VYQ CPIGNU CDQXG JQNFKPI OGFCKNNQP YKVJ JKU HCEG $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌD DGEMG IT &CTMN[ VQPGF KTTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ò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

7.4+%* + XQP 4'+056'+0

$TCMVGCV *CNDGTUVCFV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU MPGGNKPI YKVJKP ETGPGNNCVGF HTCOGYQTM VJG *CPF QH )QF CDQXG ICOOCFKQP N 55 56'2*#085 2416 *1/#46+4 $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 0CW 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 /KPQT GFIG HCWNV QVJGTYKUG YGNN UVTWEM CPF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

*CWEM #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 2416 24161/#46;4 HKTUV OCTV[T 6JKU EQKP VJG HKTUV QPG UJQYKPI VJG 2416*1/#46+4 FQGU PQV KPFKECVG VJG PCOG QH VJG DKUJQR CU KU VJG ECUG YKVJ CNN EQKPU QH )GTQ QH 5EJGTOMG

&+'64+%* XQP -415+)-

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF QRGPGF DQQM 6'1 &'4+ %85 Q $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 # NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 'Z $WVVQP #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDGTI EQNNGEVKQP

HALBERSTADT

-104#& XQP -415+)-

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU UKVVKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF RCNO NGCH RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP HKGNF N $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ (F 0QTFJCWUGP

(4+'&4+%* ++ XQP -+4%*$'4)

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH C DKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF PKODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU T YKVJ ETQUU CPF RCNO NGCH UVCT CDQXG 5#0%685 $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP (F $QMGN

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU WPFGT CTEJ UWTOQWPVGF D[ VJTGG VQYGTU $GTIGT $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 0KEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5NI $CJTHGNF

#.$4'%*6 8

$TGKVITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG 5V 5VGRJCPWU YKVJ RCNO NGCH DQQM CPF UVQPGU 5 ë 56'2*#085 ë 2 ë /#4 ë VJTGG CPPWNGVU 4 (QWT UJKGNFU OKFFNG *CNDGTUVCFV N /CIFGDWTI T /CKP\ CPF $TCPFGPDWTI WPFGT JCV QH C ECTFKPCN #.$4 ë )#4 ë #& /+ ë *#.$'45 $GUUGT $TGOGT $ÒTIGT 5EJWNVGP IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ #NDGTV YCU OCTITCXG QH $TCPFGPDWTI #NVJQWIJ VCNGTU YGTG UVTWEM KP ITGCV PWODGTU KP VJGUG FC[U VJKU EQKP KU OGFKGXCN UVTWEM HTQO NCEMKPI VJG [GCT *GPEG KV KU NKUVGF JGTG +P CFFKVKQP VJG UV[NG QH VJG RQTVTCKV QH 5V 5VGRJGP EQORCTGU VQ G I VJG &GXGPVGT .GDWKPWUUVWKXGT VJCV YCU HTQO KU UGG PQ

&1/-#2+6'.

*QJNRHGPPKI # 6YQ UJKGNFU N 5V 5VGRJCPWU T 5VKHVUYCRRGP YKVJ ETQUKGT DGVYGGP VJGO $GUUGT $T·OGT $ÒTIGT 5EJWNVGP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT

MAGDEBURG

#4%*&+1%'5' /#)&'$74) /CIFGDWTIŉU QNFGUV JKUVQT[ KU UJTQWFGF KP O[UVGT[ 1VVQ + ICXG JKU HKTUV YKHG 'FIKVJ /CIFGDWTI CU C FQYGT KP UJG FKGF CPF YCU DWTKGF VJGTG 6JG EQWRNG OWUV JCXG URGPV C NQV QH VKOG KP /CIFGDWTI +P 1VVQ + WTIGF D[ 'FIKVJ HQWPFGF VJG /CWTKEG OQPCUVGT[ JGTG +V YCU KPJCDKVGF D[ OQPMU HTQO 6TKGT CPF RTGUWOCDN[ YCU KPVGPFGF CU C HQQVJQNF HQT OKUUKQPCT[ YQTM COQPI VJG 5NCXKE RGQRNG 6JKGV OCT QH /GTUGDWTI CEEQWPVU QP VJG VTCPUHGT QH +PPQEGPVKWUŉ TGNKEU 6JG HQWPFCVKQP QH VJKU OQPCUVGT[ YCU EQPPGEVGF VQ VJG HQWPFCVKQP QH VJG 3WGFNKPDWTI OQPCUVGT[ *GPT[ + JCF CNTGCF[ TGEGKXGF VJG *QN[ .CPEG HTQO -KPI 4WFQNH QH $WTIWPF[ CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ PGIQVKCVGF YKVJ JKO CDQWV VJG TGNKEU QH 5V /CWTKEG YJKEJ CHVGT /CWTKEG JCF DGGP OWTFGTGF KP #ICWPWO RTGUWOCDN[ HQWPF VJGKT YC[ VQ #WZ GTTG YGTG 4WFQNH MGRV EQWTV CV VJG VKOG *QYGXGT 4WFQNH YKUJGF VQ MGGR VJG TGNKEU QH /CWTKEG 1PN[ CHVGT *GPT[ JCF OCFG VJTGCVU FKF VJG TGNKEU EQOG VQ /CIFGDWTI CV VJG GPF QH +P 9KNNKCO CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ CPF DCUVCTF UQP QH 1VVQ ITGCVN[ QRRQUGF VJG HQTOCVKQP QH C PGY CTEJDKUJQRTKE PQ EJCPIG EQWNF DG OCFG YKVJQWV VJG RGTOKUUKQP QH VJG DKUJQRU 9KNJGNO CEEWUGF 1VVQ QH UGPFKPI *CFCOCT QH (WNFC VQ 4QOG KP VQ CEEQORNKUJ VJG WPKQP QH *CNDGTUVCFV YKVJ /CIFGDWTI CPF VJG EQPUGSWGPV GNGXCVKQP QH /CIFGDWTI VQ CTEJDKUJQRTKE VJGTGD[ ECWUKPI KV VQ DG NQUV HQT VJG CTEJ DKUJQRTKE QH /CKP\ # HGY [GCTU QH UKNGPEG GPUWG WPVKN KP VJKPIU UVCTVGF UVKTTKPI CICKP 1VVQ + YCU ECNNGF WRQP D[ 2QRG ,QJP :++ VQ EQOG VQ +VCN[ CPF DTKPI VQ VGTOU VJG WUWTRGT QH +VCNKCP MKPIUJKR $GTGP ICT ++ /GCPYJKNG C IQQF EQPVCEV YCU UVCTVKPI VQ DWKNF DGVYGGP 1VVQ CPF 9KNNKCO CPF /CIFGDWTI YCU RNCEGF WPFGT 9KNNKCO +P JG GXGP TGEGKXGF VJG TKIJV QH VJG RQRG QH DGKPI VJG FGUKIPCVGF CTEJDKUJQR VQ ECTT[ QWV )GTOCP TQ[CN EQTQPCVKQPU &KTGEVN[ CHVGT VJG KORGTKCN EQTQPCVKQP QH 1VVQ 2QRG ,QJP :++ FGEKFGF VQ VTCPUHQTO VJG 5V /CWTKEG OQP CUVGT[ KPVQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE QH /CIFGDWTI (GDTWCT[ 1PEG CICKP VJGTG YCU CP QWVET[ D[ /CKP\ CPF *CNDGTUVCFV 9JGP 1VVQ TGVWTPGF VQ +VCN[ KP VJG HQWPFCVKQP YCU PQV [GV EQORNGVGF +P VJG U[PQF QH #RTKN KP 4CXGPPC VJG FKQEGUGU /GTUGDWTI <GKV\ CPF /GKUUGP GCEJ QH VJGUG [GV VQ DG HQWPFGF CPF $TCPFGPDWTI CPF *CXGNDGTI CNTGCF[ GZKUVKPI YGTG QTFCKPGF VQ DG UWHHTCICPG FKQEGUGU VQ /CIFGDWTI 5VKNN VJG HQWPFCVKQP EQWNF PQV [GV DG ECTTKGF VJTQWIJ CU VJG DKUJQR QH *CNDGTUVCFV JCF XGVQGF VJKU FGEKUKQP JG JCF PQV EQOG VQ VJG U[PQF QH 4CXGPPC YJGTG VJG RTQRQUCN YCU CITGGF 9JGP CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH DQVJ $GTPJCTF CPF 9KNNKCO FKGF VJG RCVJ VQYCTFU TGCNKUKPI VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE JCF DGGP ENGCTGF /CIFGDWTI JCF VJG UCOG UKIPKHKECPEG HQT 1VVQ CU #CEJGP JCF JCF HQT %JCTNGOCIPG C TGUKFGPEG YCU GXGP DGIWP JGTG 6JG HKTUV CTEJDKUJQR QH /CIFGDWTI YCU #FCNDGTV C 6TKGT OQPM YJQ JCF PQV DGGP 1VVQŉU EJQKEG 6JG EQKP UJQYKPI 1VVQ +++ CNQPI YKVJ VJG *QN\MKTEJG CPF VJG HWNN[ URGNNGF PCOG /CIFGDWTI

/#)#&#$84) KU NKUVGF WPFGT 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG PQ #HVGT VJCV VJG MKPIU OKPVGF JGTG HQT C RGTKQF CU YCU WUWCN CNVJQWIJ KV NCUVGF NQPIGT VJCP GNUGYJGTG 0Q YCU CVVTKDWVGF VQ *GPT[ 8 D[ -KNIGT DWV VJKU UGGOU C DKV NCVG CU EQKPU QH VJKU VKOG CTG MPQYP HQT C HCEV VQ DG QH CTEJDKUJQR *CTVYKIŉU 6JG ŋETQYPŌ KU TCVJGT TGOKPKUEGPV QH *GPT[ +++

MAGDEBURG -104#& ++ *'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF T 5 ' 5 / #84+ %+85 TGVTQITCFG 4 9CNN YKVJ ICVG CPF VJTGG VQYGTU

/ # )#&' $84) TGVTQITCFG -KNIGT /I $ &CPPGPDGTI F IT &CTM RCVKPC UNKIJVGN[ DGPV CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP 9G CFJGTGF VQ -NWIG HQT CVVTKDWVKQP

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT %TQYPGF JGCF T 5%5 /#84+% +85 4 9CNN YKVJ ICVG CPF VJTGG VQYGTU /#)#6 *'$8 4) -KNIGT /I $ &CPPGPDGTI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG UOCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 6JKU V[RG CPF PQ KU C NQV TCTGT VJCP &CPPGPDGTI C D GVE NCTIGT V[RG UGG PQ &CPPGPDGTI QPN[ OGPVKQPU / 5 IT $GTN $N 8+ 5 9G CFJGTGF VQ -NWIG HQT CVVTKDWVKQP

*'+04+%* 8 !

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DGCTFGF JGCF N 85 4 %KV[ XKGY YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF ETQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING DGVYGGP VJGO Å&#x2018;Å&#x2018;Å&#x2018; -KNIGT /I % &CPPGPDGTI IT )QQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 5NI *CWUYCNF 0GKVJGT VJG QDXGTUG PQT VJG TGXGTUG ECP DG OCFG QWV VQ DGCT CP[ VGZV 1VJGT URGEKOGPU JCXG /CIFGDWTI QP VJG TGXGTUG 6JG EJWTEJ QP VJG TGXGTUG DTKPIU VQ OKPF /GTUGDWTI FWG VQ VJG NCTIG ETQUU HQT VJG ETQUU YCU FGGRN[ TGXGTGPEGF KP /GTUGDWTI 0QVJKPI KPFKECVGU 5V /CWTKEG DQVJ VJG PCOG CPF CNN CVVTKDWVGU CTG OKUUKPI 6JG YGKIJV KU EQPUKFGTCDN[ NQYGT VJCP VJCV QH VJG QVJGT TQ[CN EQKPU

MAGDEBURG

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ŋEKV[ QH VJG VJQWUCPF ICVGUŌ QP VJG 0KNG 6JGDGU 6JGKT EQOOCPFGT /CWTKEG *G KU QHVGP RQTVTC[GF CU C /QQT JKU UVCVWG KP VJG ECVJGFTCN QH /CIFGDWTI OCFG CRRTQZ CNUQ UJQYU VJKU *KU EQKPU JQYGXGT UJQY PQ UWEJ VJKPI +P VJKU NGIKQP VJG XGZKNNCTKK VJG UVCPFCTF DGCTGTU YGTG JKIJN[ KORQTVCPV VJG[ CTG CNUQ OGPVKQPGF D[ PCOG 5KPEG VJG 4QOCP GORGTQTU &KQENGVKCP /CZKOKCP UQWIJV VQ RWV C JCNV VQ %JTKUVKCPKV[ VJG[ UWOOQPGF CP CTO[ QH YJKEJ VJG 6JGDCP .GIKQP YCU RCTV 1PEG VJG[ TGCEJGF VJG 4JQPG 8CNNG[ PGCT #ICWPWO VJG UQNFKGTU YGTG CUMGF VQ UCETKHKEG VQ VJG 4QOCP IQFU 6JG 6JGDCP .GIKQP TGHWUGF CPF YCU EQPUGSWGPVN[ UNCWIJVGTGF 6JGKT OWTFGTGF EQOOCPFGT C FWMG KP VJG NGIGPF YCU RTGUWOCDN[ DTQWIJV VQ #WZGTTG 0QV WPVKN YGTG /CWTKEGŉU TGNKEU VTCPUHGTTGF VQ /CIFGDWTI 6JG XGPGTCVKQP FKF PQV QPN[ DGEQOG CRRCTGPV KP VJG ECVJGFTCN DWV CNUQ QP VJG EQKPU 0WOGTQWU EQKP V[RGU QPN[ KPFKECVG /CWTKEGŉU PCOG CPF DGCT JKU RQTVTCKV 6JG[ HQTO C UGTKGU VJCV VQ O[ OKPF UJQYU C RCV VGTP (KTUV QPN[ JKU PCOG KU KPFKECVGF QP EQKPU VJCV QVJGT VJCP VJCV QPN[ DGCT VJG MKPIŉU PCOG 6JG GHHKI[ KU CNUQ PQV JKU 6JGP C NQPI UGTKGU QH DQVJ FGPCTKK CPF DTCEVGCVGU GPUWGU DGCTKPI JKU PCOG CPF JKU RQTVTCKV 4GXGTGPEG QH /CWTKEG VQQM QP VYQ HQTOU GKVJGT JG YCU YQTUJKRRGF CU C OCP QH YCT QT CU C UCKPV 6JKGVOCT QH /GTUGDWTI VQQ URGCMU QH 5V /CWTKEG CU VJG UQNFKGT QH %JTKUV OKNGU %JTKUVK CPF QH VJG KPXKPEKDNG FWMG KPXKEVKUUKOWU FWZ %JTQP ++ CPF 6JG HKTUV HQTO JCU JKO YGCTKPI C JGNOGV CPF CP CTOQWT CU ENQVJKPI PCOKPI JKO 5%5 5CPEVWU 6JG UVCVWG KP VJG ECVJGFTCN QH /CIFGDWTI CNUQ FGRKEVU /CWTKEG CU C YCTTKQT #U QH C EGTVCKP OQOGPV VJG KFGC VJCV JG UJQWNF DG TGXGTGPEGF CU C YCTTKQT YCU CDCPFQPGF K O Q CPF JG YCU JGPEGHQTVJ TGXGTGPEGF CU VJG UCKPV /CWTKEG 0QY JKU CRRGCTCPEG YCU OCTMGF D[ C PKODWU

KPUVGCF QH C JGNOGV CPF VJG YQTF &8: CU FWMG YJKNG FQPPKPI C TQDG 6JG VGZV UVKNN KPFKECVGU 5%5

5CPEVWU VJG UCOG CU KP VJG ECUG QH YCTTKQT TGXGTGPEG 6JWU VJG HQNNQYKPI QXGTXKGY KU QDVCKPGF QH VJG EQKPU RTGUGPV KP VJKU EQNNGEVKQP & FGPKGT $ DTCEVGCVG 1PG V[RG EQPUVKVWVGU VJG VTCPUKVKQP HTQO QPG ITQWR VQ VJG QVJGT PQ *GTG /CWTKEG KU FGRKEVGF DQVJ CU YCTTKQT JGNOGV CPF UCKPV PKODWU YKVJ VJG KPFKECVKQP &8: YGCTKPI C TQDG 6JKU EQKP KU QH CP GZVTQCTFKPCTKN[ HKPG EWV CNUQ CU TGICTFU VJG CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOKPI %QKPU HTQO VJG TGXGTGPEG CU YCTTKQT RGTKQF WUWCNN[ UJQY JKO YKVJ UYQTF CU FQGU VJG ECVJGFTCN UVCVWG UQOGVKOGU C UVCT CU C U[ODQN HQT VJKPIU IWKFKPI VQYCTFU C FGUVKPCVKQP! +P VJG ECUG QH TGXGTGPEG CU UCKPV JG KU QHVGP RQTVTC[GF YKVJ C RCNO DTCPEJ CU C UKIP QH RGCEG QT ETQUUGU CPF CNUQ YKVJ C UYQTF GXGT[ QPEG KP C YJKNG #HVGT VJG UGTKGU OGPVKQPGF JGTG VJG DTCEVGCVGU CTG C NQV UOCNNGT UQOGVKOGU JCXG VGZV OKUUKPI DWV PQY CPF VJGP FQ UJQY /CWTKEG 88

MAGDEBURG

&GPCT # $GCTFGF DWUV YKVJ JGNOGV T DCPPGT KP HTQPV 5 %5 # 8+% +4 8 5 4 6YQ VQYGTU YKVJ ETQUU QP EQNWOP DGVYGGP VJGO /#)#&'$84) -KNIGT /I $ &CPPGPDGTI IT 4 (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RQTVTCKV

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ &CPPGPDGTI OWEJ TCTGT VJCP VJG GPUWKPI EQKPU C D GVE &CPPGPDGTI OGTGN[ PQVGU ŋ7UGF VQ DG KP VJG EQNNGEVKQP %CRRGŌ -ÌJPG 0( 6CH :+8 -KNIGT OGPVKQPU HGY URGEKOGPU QPN[ HTQO 5YGFKUJ JQCTFU + O Q VJKU KU VJG HKTUV EQKP FKURNC[KPI 5V /CWTKEG KP JKU YCTTKQT CRRGCTCPEG YKVJ VJG UVCPFCTF QH VJG 6JGDCP NGIKQP -KNIGT RNCEGU VJKU EQKP KP VJG RGTKQF QH CTEJDKUJQR 9GTPGT YKVJ C SWGUVKQP OCTM VJQWIJ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP UYQTF CPF NCPEG 5% 5 /#84+%+85 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ ITGCV VQYGTU CPF QPG UOCNNGT VQYGT DGVYGGP VJGO /#)#&'$84) -KNIGT /I % &CPPGPDGTI IT 4 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CPF UNKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP &CPPGPDGTI URGCMU QH C DGCTFGF KORGTKCN GHHKI[ QP VJG QDXGTUG $GCTU OQUV TGUGODNCPEG VQ &CPPGPDGTI

OGCPKPINGUU NGIGPF FGTKXGU HTQO VJCV JCU 5'5 /#84+%+85 HQT VJG QDXGTUG VGZV CPF /#)#&'$74) HQT VJG TGXGTUG -KNIGT /I % VJKU KU VJG URGEKOGP VJG EQKP KP JCPF UJQYU OQUV TGUGODNCPEG YKVJ KP -KNIGT KV CNUQ EQTTGURQPFU YKVJ &CPPGPDGTI -KNIGT CUETKDGU KV VQ *GPT[ +8 ! .KUVGF WPFGT /CWTKEGRHGPPKIG JGTG

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP UYQTF CPF NCPEG 5%5 /# 84+ %+85 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ ITGCV VQYGTU CPF QPG UOCNNGT VQYGT DGVYGGP VJGO /#)#&'$84) -KNIGT /I % &CPPGPDGTI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 5JQYU UQOG NKMGPGUU YKVJ VJG RTGXKQWU PWODGT 6JG CVVTKDWVKQPU KP DQVJ &CPPGPDGTI CPF -KNIGT CTG VJG UCOG CU KP VJG ECUG QH PQ 9G JCXG ENCUUKHKGF KV WPFGT /CWTKEGRHGPPKIG HQT VJG UCOG TGCUQP CU VJG NCUV EQKP

&GPCT # $WUV YKVJ JGNOGV EJCKP CTOQWT CPF NCPEG UVCT T CDQXG 4 'FKHKEG QXGT DQY YKVJ VYQ VQY GTU őő #06%5 ! -KNIGT /I % &CPPGPDGTI 5NI $QPJQHH IT 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 6JKU EQKP JQNFU C NQV OQTG QH VJG VTCKVU QH /CWTKEGRHGPPKIG RCTVKEWNCTN[ VJG UVCPFCTF HGCVWTGU XGT[ RTQOKPGPVN[ -KNIGT TCPMU VJKU WPFGT *GPT[ 8 YKVJ C SWGUVKQP OCTM %NCUUKHKGF WPFGT VJG /CWTKEGRHGPPKIG JGTG

MAGDEBURG

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ JGNOGV UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ VQY GTU 5%5 /#84+% +85 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5IN *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG RKGEG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC 5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP +P VJG ECV *QJGPUVCWHGP VJGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VQ * &CPPGPDGTI KP -ÌJPG 0 ( 6CH :+8 ' $CJTHGNFV (WPF XQP /KEJGPFQTH $GTNKP 5 -CV $CJTHGNFV KP $CJTHGNFV VQQ VJGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VQ -ÌJPG UGG CDQXG 6JKU EQKP KU QHVGP EJCTCEVGTKUGF CU ŋVJG QNFGUV 5V /CWTKEG EQKPŌ VJQWIJ + DGNKGXG VJCV KU PQ 6JG QPN[ QVJGT GZKUVKPI URGEKOGP KU VJCV QH VJG 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5GG HQT C EQORCTKUQP WPFGT PQ

6JG PQ KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ CTEJDKUJQR (TGFGTKEM + QH 9GVVKP HTQO JGTG QP CNN QVJGTU DGNQPI VQ VJG IQXGTPOGPV RGTKQF QH #TEJDKUJQR 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ JGNOGV UJKGNF NKU CPF DCPPGT YKVJKP VQYGTGF CTEJ YC[ VQYGT GKVJGT UKFG 5% 5 /#84+%+85 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5WJNG IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV +P 5WJNG VJGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VQ VJG JQCTF <QDDGPKV\ HQWPF KP DWTKGF CTQWPF UGG .GKV\OCPP 0WO <GKVUEJT R PQ CRCTV HTQO C PWODGT QH /CWTKEGRHGPPKIG EQKPU QH 1VVQ + CPF ++ QH $TCPFGPDWTI QEEWTTGF KP VJKU JQCTF +P PQPG QH VJG QVJGT JQCTFU 5WJNG FGUETKDGU FQGU VJKU PQ QEEWT

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ JGNOGV UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 8 N CDQXG CPF ETQUU T CDQXG 5% 5 /#8 4+%+85 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5WJNG IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV 6JG 8 KU UQOGVKOGU CUUQEKCVGF YKVJ 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ JGNOGV UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 8 N CDQXG CPF ETQUU T CDQXG 5% 5 /#8 4+%+85 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5WJNG IT 4 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP 5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP EH PQ

MAGDEBURG

$TCMVGCV # #TOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU JGCFGF UVCHH CPF DCPPGT WPFGT VQYGTGF CTEJYC[ 5% 5 /#84+%+85 &8: $GTIGT 5WJNG IT 44 9GNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 5V /CWTKVKWU WPFGT CTEJYC[ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF GFKHKEG QPG ETQUU KP CPPWNGV OCFG QH HQWT RGNNGVU KP GCEJ JCPF 5%5 /#84+%+85 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5WJNG IT /CIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN 1EEWTU KP VJG JQCTF 9GG\G -T )GNFGTP PQ VKOGU CPF KP VJG JQCTF /ÌFGUUG ++ PQ VKOGU #XGTCIG YGKIJV QH VJG URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG 9GG\G JQCTF 5NI *CWUYCNFV 'ZVTCQTFKPCTKN[ KORTGUUKXG EQKP PQV QPN[ DGECWUG QH KVU TGPFGTKPI QH 5V /CWTKEG KP DQVJ JKU CRRGCTCPEGU YCTTKQT CPF &8: DWV CNUQ HQT KVU GZSWKUKVG YQTMOCPUJKR 6JG GNCDQTCVG DQTFGT CPF VJG VQYGTU UVCPFCTFU CPF ETQUUGU KV UQ URGEKCNN[ FGRKEVU NGCF VQ VJG EQPENWUKQP VJCV YG OWUV DG FGCNKPI YKVJ C TGOCTMCDNG FKG EWVVGT KPFGGF

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *KTUEJ #WEVKQP +++ PQ 'Z .KUVG # %CJP PQ %CV EQNN GKPGU TJGKPKUEJGP )GNGJTVGP QH C 4JGKPKCP UEJQNCT PQ +P VJG JQCTF (TGEMNGDGP 6J 5VGP\GP &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP (TGEMNGDGP $GTNKP URGEKOGPU ECOG WR 6JGTGHQTG VJKU OWUV DG QPG QH VJQUG VJTGG

KPFKECVGF YGKIJVU VJKU KU 6JG FTCYP EQKP KU PQV VJKU QPG +P VJG CWEVKQP %CJP VYQ URGEKOGPU QH VJKU EQKP YGTG CWEVKQPGF WPFGT PQ 9JCV KU UVTKMKPI CDQWV VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH VJKU EQKP CTG VJG VJTGG FQWDNG CTEU WPFGT YJKEJ 5V /CWTKEG KU RQTVTC[GF YKVJ JKU CVVTKDWVGU 6JKU CTEJGF EQPUVTWEVKQP KU CNUQ UGGP KP DQVJ VJG HQNNQYKPI PWODGTU

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT WPFGT CTEJYC[ YKVJ VJTGG VQY GTU CPF VYQ ETQUUGU 5% 5 /#84+%+85 &8: $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT /KPQT GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ UYQTF CPF DCPPGT WPFGT CTEJYC[ YKVJ GFKHKEG ICVG GKVJGT UKFG Q 5 % 5 Q /#84+%+85 &8: $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ (TQO /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN *GTG VQQ YG HKPF 5V /CWTKEG WPFGT VJTGG FQWDNG CTEJGU VJQWIJ VJG YQTMOCPUJKR KU C NQV NGUU TGHKPGF VJCP KP VJG ECUG QH DQVJ RTGEGFKPI PWODGTU

MAGDEBURG

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF FQWDNGF ETQUU UOCNN NKU ! KP HKGNF N 5% 5 /#84+%+85 &8: $GTIGT 0CW 5WJNG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG WPEKTEWNCVGF

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ (TQO /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV 6JG EQORQUKVKQP KU UKORNGT VJCP KP VJG ECUG QH VJG RTGEGFKPI PWODGTU VJQWIJ VJG YQTMOCPUJKR KU DGVVGT KP VJKU ECUG 5WJNG RNCEGU VJKU CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG /CWTKEGDTCEVGCVG UGTKGU

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DCPPGT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU QXGT GFKHKEG NKU T 5 % 5 /#84+%+85 &8: $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG RKGEG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (QT VJG CTTQY EQORCTG VJG UVCHH YKVJ C 8 VJTQWIJ KV KP PQ 6JG EQORQUKVKQP QH VJKU EQKP TGUGODNGU VJCV QH VJG NCUV EQKP DWV KVU YQTMOCPUJKR KU PQV CU HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG CPF CTOQWTGF HKIWTG 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQYP ETQUU T 5 % 5 /#84+%+75 &8: $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5WJNG IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ *GTG 5V /CWTKEG KU FGRKEVGF CU &8: DWV CNUQ UJQYU UQOG QH VJG VTCKVU QH C YCTTKQT VJG DCPFU JCPIKPI HTQO JKU JGCFFTGUU CPF VJG EQCV QH OCKN WPFGT JKU TQDG 6JG EQKP KU UOCNNGT KVU YQTMOCPUJKR PQV CU RTGEKUG #RRCTGPVN[ VJKU DTCEVGCVG JCU VQ DG RNCEGF CV VJG GPF QH 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTIŉU IQXGTPOGPV

*#469+) +8

&GPCT # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT N CPF 5 TGVTQITCFG T 4 %KV[ XKGY YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU -KNIGT /I & &CPPGPDGTI IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC VTCEGU QH EQTTQUKQP XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP &CPPGPDGTI MPQYU QH QPN[ C UKPING URGEKOGP +PUETKRVKQP QDXGTUG *# # JGTG VJG EQKP KP JCPF OQUV FGHK PKVGN[ JCU UQOGVJKPI GNUG KPUETKRVKQP TGXGTUG &#&' 9JGTG QWTU JCU C 6 PQVJKPI ECP DG UGGP QP &CPPG DGTIŉU +P XKGY QH VJG GFKHKEG QP VJG TGXGTUG QNFGT UJCRG VJKU FGPCT OWUV NKG DGHQTG &CPPGPDGTI

MAGDEBURG

&GPCT # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT 1661 + /24 #8) 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ HQWT VQY GTU ETQUU CDQXG /#) #&'$84) -KNIGT /I & &CPPGPDGTI IT 7UWCNN[ YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG CPF UOCNN OKUVCMG KP VJG FKG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 5NI $QPJQHH #U VGZV -KNIGT OGPVKQPU 1661 +=/2? #8)8 6JG VGZV QH VJG EQKP KP JCPF KU PQYJGTG VQ DG HQWPF

&GPCT # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT &1 #8)8 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU ETQUU CDQXG Α Λ 5 -KNIGT /I & &CPPGPDGTI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ 7PFGT PQ C &CPPGPDGTI FGUETKDGU CP QDXGTUG VJCV UVCTVU YKVJ CP KPXGTVGF & CEEQTFKPI VQ &CPPGPDGTI KV OWUV TGCF 1661 + #8)8 (QT VJG TGXGTUG VGZV &CPPGPDGTI RTQXKFGU /#) ) +P VJCV ECUG VJG # YQWNF JCXG VQ TGRTGUGPV CP / CPF VJG KPXGTVGF 8 CP # CU WUWCN 6JG QDXGTUG VGZV QH VJKU PQ OCVEJGU -KNIGT 1661 +=/2? #8)8 1PN[ VJG DGIKPPKPI KU WPENGCT &1 KPUVGCF QH 16 QT 1&

-104#& XQP 37'4(746

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ HNCI UVCT T CDQXG 5%5 /#84+%+85 4 5OCNN EJWTEJ DGVYGGP VYKEG ETQUU QP EQNWOP CPF VYQ UVCTU /)&'$84 %* $GTIGT IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CPF C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ (QT VJG QDXGTUG VGZV $GTIGT RTQXKFGU ő 84+%+8őő CPF HQT VJG TGXGTUG VGZV ő '$84) QD CPF TGXGTUG CTG UYKVEJGF KP $GTIGTŉ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ŋTGCNŌ 5V /CWTKEGRHGPPKI

MAGDEBURG

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT UVCT T CDQXG 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG VJG OKFFNG VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU /# )#&'$8 4%* $GTIGT IT 5OCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ )TQVG $F EH 6H D PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *CWUYCNFV (QT VJG RGTKQF $GTIGT IKXGU 6JG FKHHGTGPEG DGVYGGP VJKU EQKP CPF PQ KU PQV QPN[ VJG FKHHGTGPV GFKHKEG QP VJG TGXGTUG DWV CNUQ VJCV VJG HKTUV GHHKI[ KU JQNFKPI VJG UVCPFCTF CPF VJG UGEQPF C ETQUKGT CPF CNUQ NCEMU VJG PKODWU

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU %80 4#& 85 #4'2 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV

(4+'&4+%* + XQP 9'66+0

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF DGVYGGP VYQ UOCNNGT ETQUKGTU UVCTU CPF RGNNGVU (4 +6*'4+% #4 %*+'25 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 0KEG RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CPF C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP 0CW (4+6'4+% #4%*+' /CIFGDWTI QT *CNNG

#TEJDKUJQR 9KEJOCPP YCU QH VJG NKPG QH VJG OCTITCXGU QH 3WGTHWTV CPF /GKUUGP +P JG DGECOG FGCP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN KP *CNDGTUVCFV CPF KP DKUJQR QH 0CWODWTI 1P ,WN[ QP VJG KORGTKCN FKGV KP /GTUGDWTI (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC PQOKPCVGF 9KEJOCPP YKVJQWV EQPUWNVKPI VJG RQRG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CIFGDWTI 6JG RQRG TGHWUGF VQ KPXGUV 9KEJOCPP YKVJ VJG RCNNKWO CPF CNQPI YKVJ KV CTEJGRKUEQRCN FKIPKV[ 0QV WPVKN FKF VJG RQRG CUUGPV # EQKP GZKUVU VJCV FQGU PQV UJQY VJG VKVNG QH CTEJDKUJQR DWV OGTGN[ VJCV QH DKUJQR 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV +P JG VQQM RCTV YKVJ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KP VJG ECORCKIP CICKPUV 2QNCPF +P C EJCPIG DTQWIJV VJG KORGTKCN OQPCUVGT[ 0KGPDWTI KPVQ JKU RQUUGUUKQP *G EJQUG PGKVJGT UKFG KP VJG FKURWVG DGVYGGP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CPF 2QRG #NGZCPFGT +++ VJQWIJ JG FKF LQKP VJG GPGOKGU QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP 6JG CPVCIQPKUO DGVYGGP JKO CPF *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU KTQPGF QWV QP VJG FKGV QH ,WPG 9JGP *GPT[ VJG .KQP CNUQ UGV QWV HQT %QPUVCPVKPQRNG CPF ,GTWUCNGO 9KEJ OCPP YCU GXGP CUUKIPGF YKVJ VJG TGIGPE[ QH 5CZQP[ 2GTJCRU QP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU TGSWGUV JG VTKGF VQ OGFKCVG KP VJG EQPHNKEV DGVYGGP (TGFGTKEM $CT DCTQUUC CPF *GPT[ VJG .KQP 6JG FGUVTWEVKQP QH *CNDGTUVCFV TGUWNVGF +P JG CEEQORCPKGF *GPT[ VJG .KQP VQ VJG KORGTKCN FKGV KP 'THWTV YJGTG VJG GZEQOOWPKECVKQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU CITGGF 94

MAGDEBURG 9+%*/#00 XQP 5''$74) 6[RGU KP VJG PCOG QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR

$TCMVGCV *CNNG # #TEJDKUJQR UGCVGF QP VJTQPG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF KP VTGHQKN YKVJ 8ŉU KP VJG CPINGU CPF UOCNN ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG JCTFN[ XKUKDNG $GTIGT 5WJNG IT 44 $TQCF HNCP CVVTCEVKXG CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

$TCMVGCV *CNNG # #TEJDKUJQR UGCVGF QP DQY YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF RGNNGVU UVCTU ETQUUGU

UYCUVKEC CPF QPG 8 KP HKGNF 5#'+8 Q ..5+8 +165810' TGVTQITCFG $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT /KPQT ETCEMU CV VJG GFIG C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI (F 0QTFJCWUGP +P -CV (TKGFGPUDWTI .WFQNH $GTIGT 6JG 8ŉU CTG VCMGP VQ RTQXG VJCV VJKU KU 9KEJOCPP 9KEJOCPP VQ O[ OKPF KU PQV YGCTKPI VJG RCNNKWO QP VJKU EQKP YJKEJ YQWNF OGCP VJCV VJKU EQKP KU HTQO VJG [GCTU VJG [GCTU KP YJKEJ JG YCU PQV TGEQIPKUGF CU CP CTEJDKUJQR D[ VJG RQRG 6JCV EQWNF OCMG KV VJG HKTUV *CNNG EQKP YJKEJ + HKPF RTQDCDNG CU VJG DNGUUKPI JCPF KU FTCYP KP C RCTVKEWNCTN[ RTKOKVKXG OCPPGT

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 5WJNG ECNNU VJKU VJG QNFGUV DTCEVGCVG KP 9KEJOCPPŉU PCOG CPF RNCEGU KV KP /CIFGDWTI 6JG VGZV OCVEJGU VJCV KP 5WJNG

DWV HQT C UKPING NGVVGT

$TCMVGCV *CNNG # #TEJDKUJQR UGCVGF KP OCPFQTNC HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF ETQUKGT VYQ HKIWTGU JQNFKPI VJG OCPFQTNC 9+% /#0 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT 44 &CTM VQPG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV 6JG OCPFQTNC UWTTQWPFKPI VJG CTEJDKUJQR KU QH URGEKCN UKIPKHKECPEG 0QTOCNN[ C OCPFQTNC KU QPN[ UGGP KP VJG ECUG QH %JTKUV QT UCKPVU 9CU 9KEJOCPP ETGCVKPI VJG KORTGUUKQP VJCV JG YCU OQTG KORQTVCPV VJCP VJG CTEJDKUJQR JG YCU KP TGCNKV[! +P YJKEJ ECUG VJG EQKP YQWNF JCXG VQ DG FCVGF VQ C NCVGT RGTKQF

$WTIRHGPPKIG

$WTIRHGPPKI # %KV[ XKGY YKVJ GFKHKEG WPFGT CTEJYC[ UWTOQWPVGF D[ HKXG VQYGTU /#)'&'$84 )'05+5 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5WJNG IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV

MAGDEBURG # HGY UOCNNGT DTCEVGCVGU PQY GPUWG OQUVN[ UJQYKPI 5V /CWTKEG CU VJG ECUG OC[ DG CEEQORCPKGF D[ JKU PCOG $GTIGT UKORN[ TCPMGF KV WPFGT ŋ/CWTKEGRHGPPKIGŌ 1PN[ VJQUG VJCV KPFKECVG CP CTEJDKUJQRŉU PCOG CTG NKUVGF CU UWEJ YKVJ VJG TGURGEVKXG ENGTKE *GTG C OQTG EQPXGPVKQPCN RCVJ YCU EJQUGP VJCV QH CVVTKDWVKPI VJG CPQP[OQWU EQKPU VQ CP CTEJDKUJQR

.7&1.( XQP -¤22'056'&6

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V /CWTKVKWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DCPPGT VQYGT GKVJGT UKFG QXGT CTEJ YC[ $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5WJNG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP N PQ 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV #NDTGEJV /ÒP\UV·VVG ,ÒVGTDQI 6JKU EQKP KU QHVGP CUETKDGF VQ 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI DWV VJKU UOCNNGT UK\G FQGU PQV CRRGCT VQ DGNQPI VQ JKO CNVJQWIJ VJG FKCOGVGT ITCFWCNN[ FGETGCUGF 6JGTGHQTG KV YCU ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT JKU UWEEGUUQT

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V /CWTKVKWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU QXGT CTEJYC[ $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5RKPM .QPFQP

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG CPF CTOQWTGF HKIWTG QH 5V /CWTKVKWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ JGNOGV UYQTF UJKGNF CPF DCPPGT /#84 +6+85 & $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌD DGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG $GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP (F 0QTFJCWUGP (F 6TGDKV\ 5NI *CWUYCNFV

#.$4'%*6 XQP - ('40$74)

$TCMVGCV # #TEJDKUJQR UVCPFKPI HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU VQYGT GKVJGT UKFG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO EH $GTIGT CPF HQT UKOKNCT V[RGU

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG HKIWTG QH 5V /CWTKVKWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ DCPPGT CPF RCNO NGCH #.$'4605 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT &CTM RCVKPC HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV (F $QTPG %C

MAGDEBURG

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF DCPPGT QXGT UOCNN JGCF *KTPUEJCNG DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 1#%+ 85 &8+ $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ

$74-*#4&6 XQP 91.&'0$'4)

$TCMVGCV # #TEJDKUJQR N YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT PKODCVG 5V /CWTKVKWU T YKVJ UYQTF CPF RCNO NGCH $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV

9+.$4#0& XQP - ('40$74)

$TCMVGCV # #TEJDKUJQR UVCPFKPI HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DCPPGT 8+..'$ 4#0& $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (F $QTPG

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU KP GFKHKEG UWTOQWPVGF D[ HQWT VQYGTU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO (TCPMH /ÒP\JCPFNWPI %CV PQ 9KEJOCPP XQP 5GGDWTI EH CNUQ (F X $QTPG 5NI *CWUYCNFV

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ JCPF YKVJKP OWNVKNQDG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF ETQUKGT 9+..'$#402 '2+5%128 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG RKGEG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 6JGTG KU CNUQ TGHGTGPEG VQ *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV DWV ECP VJCV DG TKIJV! )TGCVGT UKOKNCTKV[ YKVJ *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV VGZV NKUVGF VJGTG WPFGT 'FNG *GTTP XQP $CTD[ 0QDNG NQTFU QH $CTD[ OKPV 5EJÌPGDGEM 5COG RGTKQF 9CN VJGT +++

MAGDEBURG

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH 5V /CWTKVKWU HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF DCPPGT KP SWCVTGHQKN QXGT ETQUU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

8KGTNKPI # 5V /CWTKVKWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 8GT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ VJ EGPVWT[ 6JKU EQKP ECP DG HQWPF PQYJGTG 6KGVLGP ENCUUKHKGF KV WPFGT 9KNDTCPF QH -·HGTPDWTI

47&1.( XQP &+0)'.56'&6

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH 5V /CWTKVKWU HCEKPI YKVJ NCPEG CPF ETQUU QXGT CTEJYC[ 5#065 /#84+%+85+ $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *CWUYCNFV (F X 7JTNGDGP

'4056 (TQO 'TPGUV YCU CTEJDKUJQR QH /CIFGDWTI CPF HTQO DKUJQR QH *CNDGTUVCFV DGUKFGU VJCV JG YCU FWMG QH 5CZQP[ 'TPGUV YCU VJG UQP QH 'TPGUV 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT QH 5CZQP[

)TQUEJGP /QTKV\DWTI DGK *CNNG # 5VCHH VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ UJKGNFU $CNMGPUEJKNF CPF .ÌYGPUEJKNF CPF VYQ TQUGVVGU : '40'56ŉ Q #4ŉ Q '25ŉ Q /#)&'$) : 4 5V /CWTKVKWU YKVJ HNCI CPF ETQUU UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP VJG UJKGNFU QH /CIFGDWTI CPF /GKUUGP 5%65 /# : 4+%85 &8: 5EJWNVGP IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ X 5EJT EH YKVJ Q KPUVGCF VJG QDXGTUG NGIGPF %CVCNQIWG 5EJWNVGP PQ

MERSEBURG

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

VJCV YQWNF VCMG [GCTU FGRGPFGF QP VJG HQWPFCVKQP QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CIFGDWTI 6JG U[PQF QH 4CXGPPC KP UCY VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV QH VJG FKQEGUG /GTUGDWTI CU C UWHHTCICP FKQEGUG VQ /CIFGDWTI 6JG OKPV CNTGCF[ GZKUVGPV RTKQT VQ YCU EGFGF VQ VJG FKQEGUG D[ 1VVQ ++ $QUQ QTKIKPCNN[ HTQO 5V 'OOGTCP DGECOG KVU HKTUV DKUJQR 7PFGT VJG UGEQPF DKUJQR )KUGNJGT UWDUVCP VKCN DGUVQYCNU VQQM RNCEG +P )KUGNJGT OCFG C UWEEGUUHWN CVVGORV VQ UGK\G VJG XCECPV CTEJGRKUEQRCN UGG QH /CIFGDWTI YJKEJ NGF VQ VJG VGORQTCN CPPWNOGPV QH VJG FKQEGUG /GTUGDWTI #V VJG U[PQF QH 2CXKC KP VJG TGKPUVKVWVKQP QH VJG FKQEGUG YCU CNTGCF[ DTQWIJV WR VJQWIJ KV YQWNF VCMG WPVKN CHVGT )KUGNJGT FKGF VQ ENGCT VJG RCVJ (TQO VQ 6JKGVOCT HTQO VJG *QWUG 9CNDGEM YCU DKUJQR *G NCKF VJG HKTUV DTKEM HQT VJG ECVJGFTCN EJWTEJ KP +P /GTUGDWTI .CYTGPEG YCU TGXGTGPEGF 0CVWTCNN[ VJGTG KU C NGIGPF CVVCEJGF VCMGP HTQO VJG .GIGPFC #WTGC .CYTGPEG ECOG HTQO 5RCKP CPF YCU VCMGP VQ 4QOG D[ 2QRG 5KZVWU YJGTG JG QTFCKPGF VJG HQTOGT VQ DG CTEJFGCEQP +P VJQUG FC[U 2JKNKR VJG #TCD YCU GORGTQT JG KU DGNKGXGF VQ DG VJG HKTUV %JTKUVKCP GORGTQT 9JGP CP KPUWTIGPE[ DTQMG QWV KP )CWN 2JKNKR UGPV JKU DGUV EQOOCPFGT &GEKWU VJGTG 7RQP &GEKWUŉ XKEVQT[ 2JKNKR VTCXGNNGF VQ 8GTQPC VQ JCKN JKU IGPGTCN #EVKPI KP VJG JKIJ URKTKVU QH JKU XKEVQT[ &GEKWU YJQ JCF JKU OKPF UGV QP VJG JKIJGUV QHHKEG MKNNGF JKU GORGTQT *G VJGP YGPV VQ 4QOG 9JGP 2JKNKRŉU UQP JGCTF VJG PGYU JG GPVTWUVGF 5KZVWU CPF .CYTGPEG YKVJ JKU HCVJGTŉU VTGCUWTG 6JG[ YGTG VQ FKUVTKDWVG VJG TKEJGUU COQPI VJG RQQT CPF VJG EJWTEJ KP ECUG 2JKNKR VJG [QWPIGT YQWNF DG XCPSWKUJGF D[ &GEKWU 6JG UGNH RTQENCKOGF GORGTQT YJQ NQCVJGF %JTKUVKCPU YGPV KPVQ WP HNCIIKPI RWTUWKV QH VJG VTGCUWTG CKFGF D[ 8CNGTKCP $WV DQVJ 5KZVWU CPF .CYTGPEG JGNF VJGKT VQPIWG +P VJG GPF .CYTGPEG YCU DTQWIJV DGHQTG &GEKWU YJQ URQMG VJG YQTFU ŉ$TKPIV JGTDGK GKP GKUGTP $GVV FCUU FGT UVQN\G .CWTGPVKWU FCTCWH TWJG FKGUG 0CEJVŉ #NUQ \QIGP FKG -PGEJVG KJP CWU WPF NGIVGP KJP CWH GKPGP GKUGTPGP 4QUV WPF VCVGP FCTWPVGT INÒJGPFG -QJNGP WPF FTÒEMVGP KJP OKV GKUGTPGP )CDGNP CWH FGP 4QUV

ō)Q CPF HGVEJ OG CP KTQP DGF HQT VJG RTQWF .CYTGPEG VQ TGUV WRQP VQPKIJVŋ 6JWU VJG UGTXCPVU WP FTGUUGF JKO CPF NCKF JKO WRQP C ITKFKTQP CPF VJTGY TGF JQV EQCN WPFGTPGCVJ CPF JGNF JKO FQYP VQ VJG ITKFKTQP YKVJ KTQP HQTMU #HVGT JCXKPI CFTGUUGF &GEKWU CPF 8CNGTKCP JG FKGF 6JKU KU VJG UEGPG FGRKEVGF QP VYQ QH VJG EQKPU 5V .CYTGPEG KU QPG QH VJG UCKPVU TGXGTGPEGF YKFGUV KP YGUVGTP 'WTQRG 6JG UKZ GPUWKPI EQKPU CTG CNN &ÒPPHGPPKIG 6JG[ UJQY C EJWTEJ QP QPG UKFG QHVGP FQOKPCVGF D[ C ETQUU 6JG TGXGTUG HGCVWTGU C DKUJQRŉU JGCF YKVJQWV C OKVTG QT C NCTIG ETQUU VCMKPI WR VJG YJQNG HKGNF #UUWOKPI VJG &ÒPPRHGPPKIG YGTG UVTWEM UQOGYJGTG DGVYGGP CPF VJG HQNNQYKPI DKUJQRU YQWNF SWCNKH[ HQT VJGUG KUUWGU #NDWKP )GTJCTF #TPQNF CPF /GIKPIQF &CPPGPDGTI UVKNN UKIPKHKGF VJGO CU #WU FGO #PHCPIG FGU :+++ ,CJTJWPFGTVU HTQO VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG FTCYKPIU QH URGEKOGPU JG RTQXKFGU YGTG CNN VCMGP HTQO VJG RWDNKECVKQP QH RCUVQT .GKV\OCPP KP 0WO <GKVUEJT 5R GV UGS %QPVCKPKPI C FGUETKRVKQP QH VJG JQCTF 0KGFGTGKEJ UV·FV 6JG JQCTF 0KGFGTGKEJUV·FV YCU FKUEQXGTGF KP KP VJG XKEKPKV[ QH .CWEJUV·FV +V GZENWUKXGN[ EQPVCKPGF &ÒPPRHGPPKIG HTQO /GTUGDWTI 0CWODWTI *CNNG! CPF UQOG HTQO )QUNCT /GTUGDWTI CU C OKPV YCU FQEWOGPVGF D[ PWODGT .GKV\OCPP &CPPGPDGTI YJKEJ KPFKECVGF /'4UGD84% $WEJGPCW TGEQIPKUGU VJG GHHKI[ VQ RQTVTC[ VJG JGCF QH VJG 8QIV .GKV\OCPPŉU FTCYKPI JCU VJG HKIWTG YGCTKPI C ECR YJKEJ &CPPGPDGTI FGGOU JCKT &ÒPPRHGPPKIG ECP DG HQWPF KP C PWODGT QH EQNNGEVKQPU WUWCNN[ NCEMKPI CP QTKIKP QT C FGUETKRVKQP QH RCTVKEWNCTU C ITQWR QH GKIJV URGEKOGPU QEEWTTGF KP VJG %QNN $CJTHGNF CNN QH VJGO HTQO VJG JQCTF 0KGFGTGKEJUV·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ÒPPRHGPPKIG JCF CNTGCF[ DGGP UVTWEM WPFGT $KUJQR 9GTPGT #U VJG NGIGPFU CTG DCTGN[ NGIKDNG CPF QPN[ QPG JQCTF GZKUVU CVVTKDWVKPI VJGUG EQKPU VQ QPG DKUJQR KP RCTVKEWNCT TGOCKPU KORQUUKDNG

MERSEBURG #.$7+0

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QP VQR CPF VYQ ICVGU ETQUUGU YKVJKP VJGO IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 1DXGTUG C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG RKGEG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 7PMPQYP URGEKOGP

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF ETQUKGT 4 %TQUU QP CTEJ YKVJ RGNNGV KP KV CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 4 /CIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT +P 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI VJGTG KU C PQVG VJCV VJG OCKP EJWTEJ QH /GTUGDWTI KU FGXQVGF VQ VJG ETQUU *GPEG KV KU VJKU ETQUU VJCV TGIWNCTN[ HGCVWTGU QP EQKPU

#.$7+0 QT )'4*#4&

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ITGCV ETQUU 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG # .őő TGVTQITCFG $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $CJTHGNF #NDWKP &CPPGPDGTI TGRNCEGU VJG QDXGTUG ETQUU YKVJ C INQDWU ETWEKIGT CPF TGCFU VJG QDXGTUG CU 4+)) 98

100

MERSEBURG )'4*#4&

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG UVCT KP GCEJ CPING 0 8 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR CPF VJTGG VQYGTU 1 # + ő $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI 5NI $QPJQHH IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI #NDWKP 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT )GTJCTF .GKV\OCPP CVVTKDWVGF VJKU EQKP VQ /GTUGDWTI DCUGF QP KVU ETQUU YJKEJ YCU RTGHGTGPVKCNN[ FGRKEVGF VJGTG CPF YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT DGEQOG VJG CTOU KP VJG VKPEVWTGU UCDNG CPF QT &CPPGPDGTI R

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV HCEKPI PQV ENGCTN[ XKUKDNG 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ $GTIGT &CPPGPDGTI 5NI $QPJQHH EH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV EH IT (NCP ETCEM CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (TQO (WPF 0KGFGTGKEJUV·FV

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ ICVG CPF VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT &CPPGP DGTI 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ FCTM RCVKPC

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ

101

MERSEBURG

,1*#00 +

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH C UCKPV YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF TCKUGF JCPF KP HTQPV QH C DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP HQWT VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ YKVJ +1*#00'5 '2+5%1285 QP KV 7PFGT VJG CTEJ VYQ HKIWTGU VQT VWTKPI 5V .CWTGPVKWU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG (NCP ETCEM CPF VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG CPF DTQCF URGEKOGP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ (WPF )QVJC %QKP UJQYU VJG OCTV[TFQO QH 5V .CYTGPEG 6YQ UGTXCPVU CTG JQNFKPI JKU PCMGF DQF[ VQ C ITKFKTQP QXGT C HKTG #NN CEEQTFKPI VQ VJG NGIGPF $GVYGGP VJG UGTXCPVU CP CTTQY ETQUU ŋ&KG 2HGKNURKV\G KUV GKP UQPUV HÒT /GTUGDWTIGT /ÒP \GP PKEJV DGQDCEJVGVGU HÒT FGP -TKGIUIQVV WPF 2NCPGVGP /CTU ÒDNKEJGU <GKEJGP XKGNNGKEJV GKPG 1TVUPCOGPUCPURKGIG NWPI YKG CWH FKG CNVG $G\GKEJPWPI /CTUDWTEJ GVE! 6JKGVOCT XQP /GTUGDWTI HÒJTV FGP 0COGP UGKPGU $KUEJQHUUKV\GU CWH /CTU \WTÒEMŌ VJG CTTQY ETQUU KU C U[ODQN VJCV KU PQV PQTOCNN[ UGGP HQT /GTUGDWTI EQKPU C EQOOQP UKIP HQT VJG IQF QH YCT CPF VJG RNCPGV /CTU CPF UQOGVKOGU TGHGTKPI VQ RNCEGPCOGU CU KP /CTUDWTEJ GVE! 6JKGVOCT QH /GTUGDWTI VTCEGF VJG PCOG QH JKU GRKUEQRCN UGG DCEM VQ /CTU $WEJGPCW )QVJC R CPF %TQP $WEJ + ŋ7PF YGKN GT ,WNKWU %CGUCT FCOCNU ÒDGTCNN UKGITGKEJ YCT YWTFG UKG /GTUGDWTI CNVGT 5KVVG HQNIGPF PCEJ /CTU DGPCPPV 5R·VGTG DG\GKEJPGVGP UKG CNU ŉ/GUGŉ OKVVGP KO .CPFG Ō #PF CU VJG[ ,WNKWU %CGUCT YGTG XKEVQTKQWU GXGT[YJGTG KV /GTUGDWTI YCU PCOGF CHVGT /CTU QDUGTXKPI CP QNF EWUVQO .CVGT KV YCU KPFKECVGF CU ň/GUGŉ KP VJG OKFFNG QH VJG EQWPVT[ VJKU KU EQTTGEV /G F \KDKTKLT ŋKP VJG OKFFNG QH VJG EQPKHGTQWU HQTGUVŌ $KUJQR ,QJPŉU QNFGUV DTCEVGCVGU CTG HTQO /GTUGDWTI 6JGTG KU CDUQNWVGN[ PQ VGZV QP VJG GFIG 9G CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ C V[RG VJCV FKXKFGU GCTVJ CPF JGCXGP YKVJ CP CTE UGG PQVG YKVJ PQ *CNDGTUVCFV 7PFGT VJG CTE KU VJG YQTNFN[ UEGPG QH 5V .CYTGPEGŉU OCTV[TFQO 6JWU YG UJQWNF NQQM HQT JGCXGPN[ HKIWTGU CDQXG 9G UGG C UCKPV CPF C DKUJQR PGZV VQ GCEJ QVJGT KP NKVGTCVWTG VJGUG HKIWTGU CTG CNYC[U KFGPVKHKGF CU 5CKPV .CYTGPEG CPF $KUJQR ,QJP VJG VGZV EJQUGP JGTG KU CNUQ HQWPF KP $WEJGPCW 9JQ CTG VJKU UCKPV CPF VJKU DKUJQR! 6JG UCKPV ECPPQV DG 5V .CYTGPEG HQT JG YQWNF PQV YCVEJ JKU QYP OCTV[TFQO 5V *KRRQN[VG YCU CP KORQTVCPV UWR RQTVGT QH 5V .CYTGPEGŉU JG VQQM 5V .CYTGPEGUŉU DQF[ CPF DWTKGF KV KP VJG HKGNF QH 8GTCPWU %QWNF VJG KOCIG PQV DG VJCV QH VJKU 5V *KRRQN[VG YJQ YQWNF JKOUGNH NCVGT DGEQOG C OCTV[T! &GVGTOKPKPI VJG DKUJQRŉU KFGPVKV[ KU GXGP JCTFGT 6JCV JG KU PQV $KUJQR ,QJP GOCPCVGU HTQO COQPI QVJGT VJKPIU VJG HCEV VJCV VJG HKIWTG RQTVTC[GF KU YGCTKPI C OKVTG $WEJGPCW PQVGU VJCV QP VJG QNFGUV TGOCKPKPI UGCN QH $KUJQR /GPIKPIQF JG KU RQTVTC[GF YKVJQWV C OKVTG YJKEJ KU VJG UCOG KP VJG ECUG QH $KUJQR ,QJCPP $WEJGPCW )QVJC R HQQVPQVG 6JGTGHQTG YG CTG NQQMKPI HQT C DKUJQR HTQO C HQTOGT RGTKQF + O Q 2QRG 5KZVWU ++ UJQWNF DG EQPUKFGTGF FGRKEVGF CU DKUJQR QH 4QOG (QT 5KZVWU VQQ KU C UCKPV CPF C OCTV[T ŋ+P FGP JCIKQITCRJKUEJGP 6GZVGP \W FGPGP PQEJ FCU <GWIPKU FGU 2TWFGPVKWU VTKVV UVGJV FCU /CTV[TKWO FGU 5KZVWU KP GPIGO <WUCOOGPJCPI OKV FGO /CTV[TKWO FGU &KCMQPU .CWTGP VKWU FCU XKGT 6CIG PCEJ FGOLGPKIGP XQP 5KZVWU GTHQNIVGŌ +P JCIKQITCRJKGU 5KZVWUŉ OCTV[TFQO KU ENQUGN[ EQPPGEVGF VQ VJG OCTV[TFQO QH VJG FGCEQP .CYTGPEG YJKEJ VQQM RNCEG HQWT FC[U CHVGT 5KZVWUŉ 2TWFGPVKWUŉ VGUVKOQPKCN UWRRQTVU VJKU .F/ 6JKU RQTVTC[CN QH VJG OCTV[TFQO QH 5V .CYTGPEG EQTTGURQPFU YKVJ C OKPKCVWTG KP VJG 5VWVVICTVGT 2CUUKQPCNG ETGCVGF CTQWPF VJKU VKOG OCFG KP VJG OQPCUVGT[ *KTUCW UGG # $QGEMNGT &CU 5VWVVICTVGT 2CUUKQPCNG #WIUDWTI

102

MERSEBURG

'$'4*#4& XQP 5''$74)

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH C UCKPV YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM KP HTQPV QH C DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ YKVJ 5% .#84'0%+8 QP KV 7PFGT VJG CTEJ VYQ HKIWTGU VQTVWTKPI 5V .CWTGP VKWU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 'DGTJCTF QH 5GGDWTI TGRGCVGF VJG RQTVTC[CN QH 5V .CYTGPEGŉU NGIGPF CU WUGF D[ JKU RTGFGEGUUQT 6JKU URGEKOGP UJQYU VJG UGTXCPVU HCEKPI GCEJ QVJGT VJG RTGXKQWU JCF VJGO YKVJ VJGKT DCEMU VQYCTFU GCEJ QVJGT (F 5GGIC GZRN (F 'THWTV GZRN .GIGPF ''2'4*#4& 884)'05 CPF 5% 85.#84'0%+8 (F )QVJC (F 0QTFJCWUGP 5NI .ÌDDGMG .GIGPF ''22'4*#4&85 &+ '45'$884)'05 CPF 5% 85.#84'0%+8 5NI $WEJGPCW .GIGPF ''22'4*#4&85 &+ ) $84)'05

'--'*#4&

$TCMVGCV # %TQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ VYQ CPPWNGVU CPF VYQ VTGHQKNU DTCPEJGU! KP VJG CPINGU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 8GT[ HKPG -WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ (TQO NKUV PQ 5IN (TKGFGPUDWTI $GTIGT ŋ#P FGP XKGT 5RKV\GP $NÒVGPŌ 5KOKNCT VQ 2GICW EH PQ

103

QUEDLINBURG

#$$'; 37'&.+0$74) 6JG HKTUV OGPVKQP QH VJG TQ[CN EQWTV 3WKVKNKPICDWTI FCVGU HTQO KU D[ -KPI *GPT[ + YJGP JG QP #RTKN UKIPGF C FGGF VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ %QTXG[ YKVJ ŋ)GUEJGJGP CWH FGO -ÌPKIUJQHG FGT 3WKVKNKPICDWTI IGPCPPV YKTFŌ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

FCWIJVGT QH *GPT[ +++ 6JG OQPCUVGT[ GPLQ[GF KOOWPKV[ 3WGFNKPDWTI YCU FKTGEVN[ WPFGT VJG RQRG CPF CU UWEJ YCU PQV FG RGPFGPV QP VJG FKQEGUG *CNDGTUVCFV CPF EQWNF PQOKPCVG CWVQPQOQWUN[ 6JKU CNUQ VTCPURKTGU HTQO C FGGF FCVGF #RTKN KP YJKEJ 2QRG ,QJP :+++ TGEQIPKUGU VJG EJQKEG QH /CVJKNFG HQT CDDGUU CPF KP FQKPI UQ VJG KPFGRGPFGPEG GZKUVGPV UKPEG ŋ-GKP -CKUGT MGKP -ÌPKI MGKP *GT\QI QFGT $KUEJQH MGKPG 2GTUQP YGNEJGT 9ÒTFG WPF /CEJV CWEJ KOOGT UQYQJN )GKUVNKEJGT CNU CWEJ 9GNVNKEJGT UQNNG GU YCIGP FKG DVKUUKPGP FKGUGU 1TVGU \W DGN·UVKIGP WPF KP 7PTWJG \W XGTUGV\GPŌ 0Q GORGTQT PQ MKPI PQ FWMG QT DKUJQR PQ RGTUQP JQNFKPI YJKEJGXGT FKIPKV[ QT RQYGT DG KV ENGTKECN QT UGEWNCT UJCNN FCTG VQ JCTCUU CPF WRUGV VJG CDGUUGU QH VJKU RNCEG (QT YJKEJ VJG CDGUU KP SWGUVKQP JQYGXGT YCU QDNKIGF VQ CPPWCNN[ RC[ C RQWPF KP UKNXGT VQ 4QOG YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT ECWUG EQPVTQXGTU[ 6JG QNF EJWTEJ YCU KPCWIWTCVGF KP D[ *GPT[ ++ CPF -WPKIWPFG /CP[ KORQTVCPV UQXGTGKIPU HTQO CTQWPF VJG PCVKQP CPF CDTQCF CU YGNN CU OCP[ RTQOKPGPV DKUJQRU YGTG RTGUGPV $WTPV KP

EGNGDTCVKQP QH #UEGPUKQP D[ *GPT[ +8 6JG PGY RCTV YCU KPCWIWTCVGF KP D[ -KPI .QVJCT #P QYP VGTTKVQT[ JCF DGGP HQTOGF YJKEJ NGF VQ UQOG EQPVGPVKQP YKVJ VJG 8QIV QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ CPF VJG DKUJQR QH *CNDGTUVCFV YJQ FKF PQV TGEQIPKUG KV WPVKN 6JG KORGTKCN EKV[ 3WGFNKPDWTI TGEGKXGF VJG TKIJV QH OCTMGV QH OKPV CPF QH VQNN KP HTQO 1VVQ +++ 6JG PGY EKV[ CTQWPF GZEJCPIGF JCPFU DGVYGGP VJG CDGUUGU CPF VJG EQWPVU QH 4GIGPUVGKP 6JGUG UCOG EQWPVU DGUVQYGF IWCTFKCPUJKR QP VJG EQWPEKN QH VJG QNF EKV[ KP RTQORVKPI VJG WPKQP QH VJG QNF CPF VJG PGY EKV[ +P VJG CDDGUU CDCPFQPGF JGT TKIJVU VQ VJG EKV[ CPF VJWU VJG EQWPEKN YCU EGFGF IWCTFKCPUJKR +P 3WGFNKPDWTI LQKPGF VJG HGFGTCVKQP QH 5CZQPKCP EKVKGU *QYGXGT #DDGUU *GFYKI FCWIJVGT QH 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT (TGFGTKEM ++ QH 5CZQP[ TGXGTUGF VJG KPFGRGPFGPEG QH VJG EKV[ YKVJ VJG CKF QH JGT DTQVJGTU 'TPGUV CPF #NDGTV +P IWCTFKCPUJKR HGNN VQ VJG 9GVVKPU

/#6*+.&' CPF #&'.*'+& + 3WGGP /CVJKNFG YKHG QH *GPT[ + NKXGF KP VJG EQPXGPV UJG JCF HQWPFGF KP WR VQ JGT FGCVJ KP

UJG MGRV EQPVTQN QH VJG EQPXGPV JGTUGNH JGPEG VJG CDUGPEG QH CP[ CDDGUU 5JQTVN[ DGHQTG JGT RCUUKPI VJG HKTUV CDDGUU JCF DGGP CRRQKPVGF /CVJKNFG FCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ + CPF #FGNJGKF $QVJ GORTGUUGU #FGN JGKF YKHG QH 1VVQ + CPF 6JGQRJCPW YKHG QH 1VVQ ++ TGUKFGF CV VJG EQPXGPV +P /CVJKNFG YCU UWE EGGFGF CU CDDGUU D[ #FGNJGKF + VJG FCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ ++ CPF 6JGQRJCPW

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ 1 & & 1 KP VJG CPINGU &)4# 4': 4 *QN\MKTEJG DGVYGGP 6 CPF 6 5%5 5'48# '+85 &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z -GPPGRQJN EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV HTQO *GKPTKEJ 8QUUKGM &GVOQNF PQXGODGT $QVJ -NWIG CPF /GJN TCPM VJKU CPF VJG PGZV PWODGT WPFGT VJG CDDGUUGU /CVJKNFG CPF #FGNJGKF +

/GJN ECNNU VJKU VJG QNF 5GTXCVKWURGPPKPI 6JG YGKIJV KU NCTIG KV YJQNN[ HKVU %CTQNKPIKCP EQKPCIG 6JKU KU VJGTGHQTG ENGCTN[ VJG QNFGUV V[RG *GPT[ + RQUUGUUGF VJG UVQNC CPF VJG UVCHH QH 5V 5GTXCVKWU 1VVQ + RTQOKUGF JKU OQVJGT /CVJKNFG VQ JCXG VJG TGOPCPVU QH 5V 5GTXCVKWU VTCPUHGTTGF HTQO VJG EJWTEJ VQODG KP /CCUVTKEJV VQ 3WGFNKPDWTI 6JWU KV QEEWTTGF DWV VJG /CCU VTKEJV KPJCDKVCPVU UJQTVN[ CHVGT GORNQ[KPI ŋUWDVGTHWIG CPF FKXKPG KPVGTXGPVKQPŌ DTQWIJV DCEM VJG DQPGU QH 5V 5GT XCVKWU VQ /CCUVTKEJV *GPTKE XCP 8GNFGMG RTQXKFGU C XKXKF CEEQWPV KP JKU 5GTXCCUNGIGPF UGG VJG EJCRVGT ŋ5KPV 5GT XCCU GP 3WGFNKPDWTIŌ UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT /CCUVTKEJV 5VQNC CPF UVCHH TGOCKPGF KP 3WGFNKPDWTI 7PFGT 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG YG JCXG EQPUKFGTGF VJG XCTKQWU V[RGU QH VJG *QN\MKTEJG CPF VJG CPCN[UKU QH 8GTC *CV\ QP VJKU VQRKE KP RCTVKEWNCT 9G VJGTG TGHGTTGF VQ VJG UWD ITQWR YJKEJ DGUKFG VJG *QN\MKTEJG UJQYU VJG NGVVGTU Λ CPF j /GJN VJKPMU VJG NGVVGTU 6 CPF 6 JCXG FGXGNQRGF HTQO VJGUG VJTQWIJ ITCFWCN FGHQTOCVKQP HQT YJKEJ JG URGEKHKECNN[ TGHGTU VQ VJG DQVVQO QH VJG NGVVGTU 6 GP 6

104

QUEDLINBURG

&GPCT # 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 38+ &+.+)0 4 *CPF QH &KQP[UKWU YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF HQWT RGNNGVU Ã&#x2020; 5% 5 &+ 10+5+85 &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG /GJN IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /Ã&#x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

)'4$'4)# XQP -#22'0$'4) )GTDGTIC YCU HTQO VJG 9GUVRJCNKCP EQOKVCN NKPG QH VJG -CRRGPDGTIU 5JG YCU CDDGUU KP VJG $GPGFKEVKPG EQPXGPV 5V /CTKC VTCPU CSWCO KP /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT +P 0QTDGTV C HTKGPF QH %QWPV )QVVHTKGF QH -CRRGPDGTIÅ&#x2030;U CTEJDKUJQR QH /CIFGDWTI 6JKU 0QTDGTV VQQM YKVJ JKO VQ /CIFGDWTI OCP[ QH JKU HTKGPFU HTQO /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT CU YGNN CU HTQO JKU PCVKXG EQWPVT[ (TCPEG $CUGF QP VJGUG ENQUG VKGU KV OC[ DG CUUWOGF VJCV )GTDGTIC HTQO /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT CPF )GTDGTIC HTQO 3WGFNKPDWTI CTG QPG CPF VJG UCOG

*CNHDTCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CDDGUU YKVJ TCKUGF N JCPF QXGT ETQUU UVCT N 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG 5%5 5)10+8)# $GTIGT /GJN IT 0KEG FCTM RCVKPC YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ $GTIGT TGHGTU VQ VJG #TEJKX ++ R GV UGS PQ 8+ +P VJG #TEJKX VJG QDXGTUG KU FGUETKDGF CU 5GOK RQTVTCKV QH VJG CDDGUU UNKIJVN[ HCEKPI TKIJV +P TKIJV JCPF C ETQUU UVCHH YKVJ RGPPQPU KP VJG NGHV JCPF C DQQM 6[RG # UGG R 9JCV KU 5)10+8)#! 6JKU KU VJG VGZV VJG CTEJKXG RTQXKFGU YKVJ VJG JQCTF QH *CNDGTUVCFV HTQO +V RQKPVU VQYCTFU 5KOQP CPF ,WFCU 7RQP ENQUGT KPURGEVKQP + VJKPM KV UC[U 5%5 5'48# # 6JKU HKVU DGVVGT UCHG HQT VJG # CV VJG GPF YJKEJ KU C NKVVNG UVTCPIG KH KV KU CP #

105

QUEDLINBURG $'#64+: ++ XQP 9+0<'0$74) $TCKPU JCXG CNYC[U DGGP TCEMGF QXGT VJG CPEGUVT[ QH $GCVTKEG QH 9KP\GPDWTI *GT ITCXGUVQPG UC[U ŋ#WU (TGFGTKEMU MÌPKINKEJGO 5VCOOG IGDQTGP őő YCT KEJ ,CJTG NCPI DVKUUKP +O ,CJTG FGT (NGKUEJYGT FWPI FGU *GTTP +PFKMVKQP 8+++ +FGP FGU ,WNKŌ $QTP HTQO (TGFGTKEMU TQ[CN NKPG + YCU CDDGUU HQT [GCTU +P VJG [GCT QH VJG KPECTPCVKQP QH VJG .QTF +PFKEVKQP 8+++ +FGU QH ,WN[ 9GKNCPF JCU RTQ XKFGF C UQNWVKQP VQ VJKU RTQDNGO $GCVTKEG KU VJG FCWIJVGT QH %QWPV *GTOCPP + QH 9KP\GPDWTI CPF *GF YKI C FCWIJVGT QH .WFQNH + QH 9ÌNVKPIGTQFG CPF VJWU C UKUVGT QH 5QRJKC #NDGTV VJG $GCTŉU YKHG $GCVTKEG JCF DGGP CDDGUU KP VJG EQPXGPV QH *GGTUG 0GWGPJGGTUG PGCT 2CFGTDQTP DGHQTG UJG GPVGTGF KPVQ 3WGFNKPDWTI CU VJG HQNNQYKPI VGZV UJQYU ŋ#P 5VGNNG FGT )GTDWTI KUV CNU DVKUUKP XQP 3WGFNKPDWTI $GC VTKZ GKPIGUGV\V YQTFGP FKG DVKUUKP FGU -NQUVGTU *GTUGŌ +P )GTDGTICŉU RNCEG $GCVTKEG CDDGUU QH VJG EQPXGPV *GTUG YCU KPUVCNNGF CU CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI 6JG DTCEVGCVGU UVTWEM WPFGT $GCVTKEG CTG QH RCTVKEWNCT DGCWV[ CPF CTG COQPI VJG HKPGUV GXGT OCPWHCE VWTGF

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU YKVJ NKU CPF DQQM UKVVKPI QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ ECPQPGUUGU $#66+4+ QP VJG YCNN $'#64+: CTQWPF VJG JGCF CPF # $ QXGT JGT UJQWNFGT $GTIGT /GJN 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ 6JG DWUVU CTG QH VJG YQOGP KP VJG ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT PQV QH PWPU 6JG EQPXGPV YCU HQWPFGF D[ /CVJKNFG VQ RTQXKFG C JQOG HQT WPYGF FCWIJVGTU QH TQ[CNV[ QT PQDKNKV[ YKVJQWV VJG TGSWKTGOGPV HQT C PWPUŉ XQY (WPF (TGEMNGDGP C

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU YKVJ NKU CPF TCKUGF JCPF DGVYGGP ECPQPGUUGU WPFGT VJTGG CTEJGU YKVJ VQYGTU DG PGCVJ JGT HGGV ECPQPGUU CPF OQPM YKVJ DQQM CPF TCKUGF JCPF $#66 +4$+ #%+ 4# QP CPF WPFGT VJG YCNN $GTIGT /GJN 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 /KPQT DTGCM CV VJG GFIG RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z %QNN #NNGTVUGFGT + PT 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI (F (TGEMNGDGP 6JG VGZVŉU QPN[ NGIKDNG RCTV KU VJCV QP VJG YCNN WPFGTNKIPGF

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU YKVJ NKU CPF TCKUGF JCPF UKVVKPI QP CTEJYC[ DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU VJTGG CPPWNGVU T CTQWPF JGT JCPF VYQ ECPQPGUUGU DGPGCVJ JGT NGIU $GTIGT /GJN 0CW 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 9GNN FGPVGTGF URGEKOGP C NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP XGT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG 'Z &GMMGT EQNNGEVKQP /GJN KU FKHHGTGPV HTQO /GJN KP VJCV VJG VQYGTU UJQY C UVTCKIJV DQVVQO NKPG CPF FQ PQV TGCEJ WR VQ VJG CTE

106

QUEDLINBURG #&'.*'+& +++ XQP 5#%*5'0 #FGNJGKF YCU C FCWIJVGT QH %QWPV 2CNCVKPG (TGFGTKEM ++ QH 5CZQP[ 5QOOGTUEJGPDWTI CPF .KWVICTF FCWIJVGT QH VJG /CTITCXG 4WFQNH QH 5VCFG *GT DTQVJGT #NDGTV YCU LWUV CU VJGKT HCVJGT 8QIV QH 3WGFNKP DWTI 5JG JCF RTGXKQWUN[ DGGP CDDGUU QH VJG EQPXGPV )CPFGTUJGKO 9JGP JGT DTQVJGT #NDGTV FKGF KP IWCTFKCPUJKR FGXQNXGF VQ VJG EQWPVU QH (CNMGPUVGKP 5JG YCU JGT DTQVJGTŉU JGKTGUU CPF KP QTFGT VQ CXQKF VTQWDNG YKVJ *GPT[ VJG .KQP UJG UQNF VJG EQWPV[ 5QOOGTUEJGPDWTI VQ VJG /CIFGDWTI CTEJDKUJQR 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI +P VJG GPUWKPI DCVVNG #UEJGTUNG DGP CPF *CNDGTUVCFV YGTG FGUVTQ[GF 3WGFNKPDWTI YCU URCTGF 0QV WPVKN VJG KORGTKCN DCP YCU KORQUGF QP *GPT[ VJG .KQP FKF RGCEG TGVWTP

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU YKVJ NKU CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG YKVJ NKQPŉU JGCFU WPFGT CTEJ CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF VYQ ETQUU KP CPPWNGVU $GTIGT YKVJ ETQUU KPUVGCF QH NKU /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 5OCNN VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT + (F (TGEMNGDGP

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU YKVJ NKU CPF DQQM QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT /GJN 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG YCNN KU XGT[ TGOKPKUEGPV QH VJG %QNQIPG FGPCTKK

#)0'5 ++ XQP /'+55'0 #IPGU YCU VJG FCWIJVGT QH %QPTCF QH /GKUUGP *GT DTQVJGT YCU 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ 5JG YCU HKTUV GPICIGF KP VJG HCOKN[ EQPXGPV QH VJG 9GVVKPU WPVKN 2QRG .WEKWU +++ QP 0QXGODGT CRRQKPVGF JGT CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI #IPGU YCU GPOGUJGF KP VJG UWEEGUUKQP VQ VJG )GTOCP TQ[CN VJTQPG 5JG CRRCTGPVN[ EJQUG 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKCŉU UKFG YJKEJ NGF VJG 9GNHU VQ CPPGZ 3WGFNKPDWTI CPF EQPSWGT VJG EKV[ #IPGU EQPUKFGTCDN[ GPNCTIGF VJG EQPXGPVŉU RQUUGUUKQPU

$TCMVGCV 3WGFNKPDWTI # #DDGUU YKVJ ETQUU CPF NKU UKVVKPI QP CTEJ DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU UKZ EKTENGU QP VJG GFIG #)0'5 #$#6+5# +0%8&&'..0$8 $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN DTGCM CV VJG GFIG DTQCF URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ /GJN ő ++' 1 JGTG ő 0$8 /GJN JCU C HCMG QH 5GGN·PFGT CU KNNWUVTCVKQP YJKEJ JCU VJG VGZV ő 0$8 (WPF 5GGIC

107

QUEDLINBURG

)'4647& XQP #/(746 *GT HCVJGT YCU VJG PQDNG .QTF 9GTPGT QH #ORHWTV )GTVTWF DGNQPIGF VQ VJKU EQPXGPV CV C XGT[ GCTN[ CIG RGTJCRU HTQO DWV OQUV EGTVCKPN[ HTQO 1P 0QXGODGT 2QRG +PPQEGPV +8 UGPV VJG CEMPQYNGFIGOGPV QH VJG RTKXKNGIG QH EQPXGPV CPF QP 0QXGODGT UJG TGEGKXGF VJG -ÌPKIUDCPP HTQO -KPI 9KNNKCO QH *QNNCPF C OCLQT RTKXKNGIG

$TCMVGCV 3WGFNKPDWTI # #DDGUU QP CTEJ YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM /GJN IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 5QVJGD[ +P %CV *ÌJP PQ WPFGT )GTVTWF X #OHWTV 5RGEKOGP *ÌJP ŋXGTOWVNKEJ WPGFKGTV 8QP ITÌUUVGT 5GNVGPJGKV ŋ

*'&9+) XQP 5#%*5'0 *GFYKI &WEJGUU QH 5CZQP[ YCU VJG FCWIJVGT QH 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT (TGFGTKEM ++ VJG )GPVNG CPF C UKUVGT QH VJG FWMGU 'TPGUV CPF #NDGTV #U C EJKNF UJG JCF CNTGCF[ DGGP DQWPF VQ VJG EQPXGPV QH 3WGFNKPDWTI CPF UJG YCU CDDGUU D[ VJG CIG QH VYGNXG 2QRG %CNKZVWU +++ QTFCKPGF VJCV JGT HCVJGT CFXKUG JGT YJKNG CNUQ CRRQKPVKPI C DCKNKHH +ORGTKCN TGEQIPKVKQP YCU TGEGKXGF QP ,WPG UJQTVN[ DGHQTG UJG VWTPGF 1P ,WPG UJG YCU KPCWIWTCVGF

)TQUEJGP 3WGFNKPDWTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN WPFGT UJKGNF YKVJ ETQUUGF UCDTGU *& )4#6+# &8%+55# 0#6# 5#: 4 'CING N )415585 39'&.'$84)'055+5 -TWI /GJN IT 'ZVTGON[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ $TGKVGT )TQUEJGP PCEJ /GKUUGPGT 5EJNCI XQT *GFYKI UVTWEM VYQ V[RGU QH ŋ/GKUUPGT )TQUEJGPŌ /GTUGDWTI

108

GERA-WEIDA

)'4# 9'+&# 1VVQ +++ KP DGUVQYGF )GT[ QP JKU UKUVGT #FGNJGKF CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI #HVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU FG EGCUG )GTC TGOCKPGF KP VJG RQUUGUUKQP QH VJG EQPXGPV 3WGFNKPDWTI 6JG QHHKEKCN GZVGPUKQP QH VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KU OKUUKPI KP VJG QTKIKPCN FGGF QH IKHV CPF KU PQV OGPVKQPGF WPVKN VJG RGTKQF QH #IPGU ++ QH /GKUUGP #V VJG ECUVNG QH 9GKFC YG HKPF VJG .QTFU NCVGT 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC 6JG[ JCF DGGP ICKPKPI KP KPHNWGPEG UKPEG VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI JCF VQ ITCPV 9GKFC CNQPI YKVJ VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP HKGH VQ VJG 8ÌIVG VQ RTGUGTXG RGCEG 6JKU HGWFCN TGNCVKQP VTCPURKTGU HTQO CP CEEQTF DGVYGGP VJG #DDGUU )GTVTWF CPF *GPT[ VJG 'NFGT 6JG FGGF QH OGPVKQPU CPEGUVQTU QH *GPT[ +++ VJG 'NFGT YJKEJ OGCPU VJG 8ÌIVG JCF QYPGF VJG OKPV )GTC KP HKGH HQT VYQ EGPVWTKGU KV OC[ DG CU UWOGF VJCV VJG OKPV KP )GTC KP CNTGCF[ DGNQPIGF VQ VJG 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC 6JG 8ÌIVG QPN[ VQQM VJG TGXGPWG VJG CDDGUUGU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI UVKNN OKPVGF KP )GTC CPF VJGKTU YGTG VJG GHHKIKGU UVTWEM QP EQKPCIG 5JQTVN[ CHVGT VJG *QWUG 9GKFC URNKV 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC 8ÌIVG QH )GTC YJKEJ YQWNF UWDFKXKFG KPVQ 8ÌIVG QH )GTC CPF 8ÌIVG QH 2NCWGP CPF 8ÌIVG QH )TGKV\ YJKEJ YQWNF PQV NCUV NQPI #DDGUU $GTVTCFKU ++ ITCPVGF VJG PQDNG *GPT[ QH )GTC KP VJG TKIJVU VQ VJG EKV[ CPF ECUVNG QH )GTC YJKEJ UKIPKHKGF VJG GPF QH 3WGFNKPDWTI RQYGT QXGT )GTC (TQO )GTC EGCUGF UVTKMKPI EQKPU YKVJ VJG GHHKI[ QH VJG CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI %QKPU UVTWEM KP )GTC PGXGT DGCT VJG CDDGUUŉ PCOG DWV VJCV QH VJG 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC 6JG HQNNQYKPI CD DGUUGU OKPVGF KP )GTC 5VCTVKPI YKVJ #IPGU ++ QH /GKUUGP HTQO WR VQ $GTVTCFKU ++ WPVKN

$TCMVGCV )GTC # #DDGUU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM UKVVKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU # 8 # 8 # 8 # 8 $GTIGT /GJN 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG 5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP #VVTKDWVGF VQ #IPGU QH /GKUUGP YKVJ *GPT[ ++ CU 8QIV QH 9GKFC %H 5 -

$TCMVGCV )GTC # #DDGUU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM UKVVKPI QP YCNN # N CPF UVCHH YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU

ETQUKGT! T DGPGCVJ JGT JGCF $GTIGT /GJN 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #VVTKDWVGF VQ #IPGU QH /GKUUGP YKVJ *GPT[ ++ CU RTQXQUV QH 9GKFC +P VJG %QNN X *QGEMG PQ VJKU DTCEVGCVG KU RNCEGF KP 9GKFC 2QUGTP -NGVV 6H :8+

109

GANDERSHEIM

#$$'; )#0&'45*'+/ 5KVWCVGF CV C OCKP VTCHHKE LWPEVKQP )CPFGTUJGKO YCU VJG QNFGUV HCOKN[ EQPXGPV QH VJG .KWFQNHKPIU CPF QPG QH VJG QNFGUV 5CZQPKCP EQPXGPVU 6JG HQWPFGTU YGTG %QWPV .KWFQNH CPF %QWPVGUU 1FC 1P C RKNITKO CIG VQ 4QOG VJG TGNKEU QH VJG JQN[ RQRGU #PCUVCUKWU GP +PPQEGPV + YGTG DGUVQYGF QP JGT D[ 2QRG 5GT IKWU ++ .KWFQNHŉU UQPU $TWPQ CPF 1VVQ EGFGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ VQ VJG GORKTG KP VJWU CESWKTKPI KOOWPKV[ CPF TQ[CN RTQVGEVKQP CU YGNN CU VJG IWCTCPVGGF RTQNQPICVKQP QH VJG FKIPKV[ QH CDDGUU 6JG HKTUV CDDGUU KU *CVJWOQF FCWIJVGT QH .KWFQNH HQNNQYGF D[ JGT UKUVGTU )GTDGTIC + CPF %JTKUVKPC 6JG[ YGTG UWEEGGFGF D[ .KWVICTF FCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU +ORGTKCN KOOGFKCE[ YCU PQV TGEQIPKUGF WPCPKOQWUN[ CPF KV VQQM WPVKN WPFGT 1VVQ + YKVJ VJG CKF QH VJG RQRGU #ICRGV CPF ,QJP +++ HQT VJKU RTKXKNGIG VQ DG UGEWTGF HQT VJG EQPXGPV HQWPFGF D[ JKU ITCPFHCVJGT 6JG OQUV INQTKQWU RGTKQF QH VJG EQPXGPV YCU WPFGT #DDGUU )GTDGTIC ++ (TQO VJG 5CZQPKCP TWNGTU OCPCIGF VQ GZENWUKXGN[ QEEWR[ VJG CDDGUUŉ UGCV YKVJ KORGTKCN RTKPEGUUGU 6JG EQPXGPV HQTOGF C HQQVJQNF HQT 5VCWHGT KORGTKCN RQNKVKEU WPFGT #FGNJGKF +8 6JG FKQEGUG *KNFGUJGKO RQUGF C EQPUVCPV VJTGCV 9JGP *KNFGUJGKO GZVGPFGF KVU DQTFGTU VQ )CPFGTUJGKO VJG )CPFGTUJGKOGT 5VTGKV KIPKVGF 7PVKN VJG FKIPKV[ QH RTKPEGUU QH VJG GORKTG QH VJG CDDGUUGU CPF KORGTKCN KOOGFKCE[ QH VJG EQPXGPV TGOCKPGF WPEJCPIGF 6JG CDGUUGU QH )CPFGTUJGKO CESWKTGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV QP #WIWUV CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ 2QRG +PPQ EGPV +++ KP +P EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM KP )CPFGTUJGKO YKVJ C [GCTN[ FGOQPGVKUCVKQP 6JGTG CTG PQ MPQYP EQKPU DGCTKPI VJG PCOG )CPFGTUJGKO +P VJG TKIJV QH OKPV TGRWVGFN[ YCU UQNF VQ VJG FWMG QH $TWPUYKEM DWV CRRCTGPVN[ KV YCU ITCPVGF VQ VJG CDDGUU /CTICTGVJC + QH 2NGUUGP HQT C UKPING [GCT

*QJNRHGPPKI # $WUV QH CP CDDGUU IT

'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ $N H /\HT 5R /GJN &KG /ÒP\GP FGU 5VKHVGU 3WGFNKPDWTI R NKUVU VJKU PCOG WPFGT VJG 3WGFNKPDWTI )GUKEJVU *QJNRHGPPKIG GPF QH VJG VJ DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ $WEJGPCW HKTUV UCY C EQKP QH VJKU V[RG KP VJG OWPKEKRCN NKDTCT[ QH .ÒDGEM /GJN RNGCFU VQ CVVTKDWVG VJG *QJNRHGPPKI YKVJ VJG XGKNGF HCEG VQ )CPFGTUJGKO CPF VJG EQKP DGCTKPI VJG ŉYCRRGPHÌTOKIGŉ HCEG VQ 3WGFNKPDWTI

110

PADERBORN

0146*'40 9'562*#.+# 2#&'4$140 +P VJG VJ VJ EGPVWT[ 2CFGTDQTP YCU C HQQVJQNF QH VJG %CTQNKPIKCP GXCPIGNKUCVKQP WPFGT VJG 5CZQPKCPU 6JG RCNCVKPCVG ECUVNG VJGTGHQTG DGCTU VJG PCOG QH %JCTNGOCIPG 2CFGTDQTP YCU NCKF KP TWKPU KP +P VJG PGY DCUKNKEC YCU EQPUGETCVGF +P VJCV UCOG [GCT %JCTNGOCIPG TGEGKXGF 2QRG .GQ +++ KP 2CFGT DQTP CPF KP JKU RTGUGPEG VJG FKQEGUG YCU GUVCDNKUJGF +V YCU UWDQTFKPCVG VQ /CKP\ CPF CU 9ÒT\DWTI CNUQ HGNN WPFGT /CKP\ VJG HKTUV DKUJQR *CVJWOCT YCU GFWECVGF VJGTG +P $KUJQR $CFWTCF JCU VJG TGNKEU QH 5V .KDQTKWU VTCPUHGTTGF HTQO .G /CPU VQ 2CFGTDQTP 6JG FKQEGUG FQGU PQV EQPUQNKFCVG WPVKN WPFGT $KUJQR /GKPYGTM YJQ KU VJGTGHQTG CNUQ EQP UKFGTGF VQ DG VJG UGEQPF HQWPFGT QH VJG FKQEGUG 2CFGTDQTP /GKPYGTM YCU VJG UQP QH #FGNC CPF JGT HKTUV JWUDCPF +OOCF UGG WPFGT VJG 0GVJGTNCPFU +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 2CFGTDQTP NC[ KP VJG CTGC QH EQPHNKEV DGVYGGP *GPT[ VJG .KQP CPF VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG #HVGT *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU FGRQUGF KP %QNQIPG GZGTVGF C NQV QH RTGUUWTG QP 2CFGTDQTP UQOGVJKPI YJKEJ VJG DKUJQRU UVTQPIN[ QRRQUGF +V YCU QPN[ CHVGT VJG FGHGCV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG KP VJG $CVVNG QH 9QTTKPIGP 2CFGTDQTP CPF %QNQIPG YGTG CHHQTFGF CP QRRQTVWPKV[ VQ TGOGF[ VJGKT FKHHGTGPEGU 7PFGT $KUJQR $GTPJCTF 8 CPF $CNFWKP $TCMGN CPF $ÒTGP YGTG CESWKTGF +P 2CFGTDQTP FGHKPKVKXGN[ HGNN VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE %QNQIPG &KGVTKEJ XQP /QGTU ŋ&KG 8GTNGKJWPIUWTMWPFG HÒT FCU /ÒP\TGEJV KP 2CFGTDQTP KUV PKEJV GTJCNVGP FKG ·NVGUVG $GUV·VKIWPI FCVKGTV XQP 2CFGTDQTPGT 2T·IWPIGP FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU UKPF DGMCPPV +P FGT <GKV 'T\DKUEJQH 'PIGNDGTV ++ XQP -ÌNP UEJGKPV XQTÒDGTIGJGPF GKP -ÌNPGT #PTGEJV CO /ÒP\TGEJV KP 2CFGT DQTP DGUVCPFGP \W JCDGPŌ $GTIJCWU -ÌNPGT WPF 2CFGTDQTPGT /ÒP\UV·VVGP FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU KP 9GUVHCNGP KP &GPCT 5VGTNKPI )QNFIWNFGP R G X

$'40*#4& ++ XQP 1'5'&'

2HGPPKI 2CFGTDQTP # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 65őő 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG # KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1+ +8 9GKPI IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 2HGPPKI HTQO 5QGUV KUUWG

$'40*#4& +++ XQP 1'5'&'

2HGPPKI 2CFGTDQTP # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 5%5 .$ 14+85 4 %TQUU YKVJ # 8 CPF VYQ RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU $'40*#4&85 '2% 9GKPI C IT 4 &CTM 2CVKPC YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

$'40*#4& +8 \WT .+22'

2HGPPKI 2CFGTDQTP # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $' '2% 4 $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM WPFGT GFKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 5 .+$ő '2% 9GKPI IT (NCP ETCEM CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

111

SCHWALENBERG-HERFORD 1661 XQP 4+'6$'4)

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 1661 '.'%685 4 *GCF QH 5V .KDQTKWU HCEKPI 5#0%6 85 .+$14 +85 9GKPI XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF *CCTNQQ %QKP HTQO VJG DGIKPPKPI YJGP 1VVQ YCU UVKNN GNGEVWU

5%*9#.'0$'4) 6JG JQWUG QH YJKEJ VJG HKTUV MPQYP OGODGT KU 9KFWMKPF + QTKIKPCNN[ YCU PCOGF VJG EQWPVU QH &CU (TQO VJG[ YGTG ECNNGF EQWPVU QH 5EJYCNGPDGTI 6JKU JQWUG RQUUGUUGF C ITGCV FGCN KVUGNH DWV QYPGF C NQV KP HKGH CU YGNN UWEJ CU *GTHQTF *ÌZVGT -QTDCEJ CPF 9CNFGEM +P CP CNNKCPEG YCU GUVCDNKUJGF YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE %QNQIPG PGXGTVJGNGUU HQTOKPI C WPKVGF ENQUGF VGTTKVQT[ YCU PQV CEEQORNKUJGF +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV HGNN CRCTV 2[TOQPV 9CNFGEM CPF 5VGTP DGTI #NQPI YKVJ *GPT[ 8+++ VJKU JQWUG QH 5EJYCNGPDGTI FKGF CPF KVU RQUUGUUKQPU YGPV VQ VJG NQTFU QH .KRRG CPF VJG DKUJQRU QH 2CFGTDQTP

9+&'-+0& 8++

5VGTNKPI $NQODGTI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI 8+&' +0&85 4 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING $'4 610 %#0 %+ TQUG QH .KRRG IT 44 # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% PQ %H $GTIJCWU 9GUVH·NKUEJG /ÒP\MWPFG KP *$\0 R PQ C XCT +P VJG JQCTF *CCTNQQ 5EJWNOCP C UKOKNCT URGEKOGP QEEWTGF WPFGT PQ 6JG NGIKDNG QDXGTUG VGZV KU IKXGP CU +0&85 4' CPF VJG TGXGTUG %#0 %+ VJG RKEVWTG QH VJG TGXGTUG UVKNN ENGCTN[ UJQYU C VGZV UVCTVKPI YKVJ $' %QODKPCVKQP QH VJG VGZVU IKXGU # 8+&' ! +0&85 4 ' 4 $'4 610 %#0 %+

*'4(14& 1TKIKPCN PCOG QH VJG RNCEG *GTHQTF KU *GTKXWTVJ QT *GTKXWTFG 6JG EQPXGPV EQPUGETCVGF VQ /CT[ YCU C EQPXGPV HQT NCFKGU QH JKIJ PQDKNKV[ HQWPFGF CTQWPF CPF ECOG FKTGEVN[ WPFGT .QWKU VJG 2KQWU 6JG EQPXGPV MGRV ENQUG VKGU YKVJ %QTXG[ CPF GZQGTKGPEGF KVU HKTUV CRQIGG KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P VJG NKGP YCU VTCPUHGTTGF VQ VJG %QNQIPG #TEJDKUJQR 'PIGNDGTV + YJQ KOOGFKCVGN[ DGICP UVTKMKPI EQKP +P VJQUG FC[U #DDGUU )GTVTWF XQP FGT .KRRG HQWPFGF VJG PGY EKV[ VJGTGD[ GUVCDNKUJKPI C FQWDNG EKV[

+4/)#4& XQP 9+66)'056'+0

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 9+%$1.&85 '2+5%1285 4 #DDGUU QP VJTQPG YKVJ DQQM CPF HNCI ETQUU T KP HKGNF #$$#6+5 *'48 $GTIJCWU )TQVG IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ ,QKPVN[ YKVJ #TEJDKUJQR 9KIDQNF X *QNVG )TQVG * &KG /ÒP\GP XQP *GTHQTF /ÒP\UVWFKGP $F .GKR\KI R

112

RIETBERG *'+04+%* ++ XQP $+40'$74)

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF *+04+%85 4 #DDGUU QP VJTQPG YKVJ DQQM CPF HNCI ETQUU T KP HKGNF #$$#6+5 *'48 $GTIJCWU )TQVG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ

*+.&')70&' XQP 16)'0$#%*

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF *+..')80& #$$#6+55' 4 #DDGUU QP VJTQPG YKVJ DQQM CPF HNCI /10'6# *'4814&'05+5 $GTIJCWU )TQVG IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ

%1706; 1( 4+'6$'4) 6JG EQWPV[ 4KGVDGTI GPUWGF HTQO VJG FKXKUKQP KP COQPI VJG DTQVJGTU )QVVHTKGF +++ CPF -QPTCF + QH #TPUDGTI -QPTCF TGEGKXGF VJG RCTV CTQWPF VJG ECUVNG 4KGVDGTI HQWPFGF KP &GURKVG KVU XGT[ NKOKVGF VGTTKVQT[ VJKU JQWUG YCU TCVJGT KPHNWGPVKCN /GODGTU QH VJKU JQWUG YGTG DKUJQR QH /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM

UGG PQU 2CFGTDQTP UGG PQ CPF QH /KPFGP (QT YCPV QH OGCPU %QPTCF 8 YCU HQTEGF VQ IKXG 4KGVDGTI KP HKGH VQ VJG NCPFITCXGU QH *GUUGP

,1*#00 +

8KGTNKPI # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QH 4KGVDGTI 4 9JGGN QH 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM KP SWCVTGHQKN -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 8KGTNKPI CHVGT +P ECV -Ã&#x2019;PMGT QH VJG EQNN -GPPGRQJN VJKU EQKP QEEWTU WPFGT PQ CPF KU NKUVGF VJGTG WPFGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM 9G CFJGTGF VQ -GPPGRQJN

113

MÜNSTER

/ª056'4 +P .KWFIGT YCU QTFCKPGF DKUJQR QH /ÒPUVGT YJKEJ ECOG WPFGT VJG GEENGUKCUVKECN RTQXKPEG QH %Q NQIPG #NTGCF[ DGHQTG VJG VJ EGPVWT[ C EQORTGJGPUKXG 2HCTTU[UVGO ECOG KPVQ DGKPI 6JG DKUJQRUŉ KPHNWGPEG YCU EQWPVGTDCNCPEGF D[ VJG OQPCUVGT[ 8TGFGP YJKEJ YCU HKPCPEKCNN[ UWRRQTVGF D[ VJG MKPI CPF PQDKNKV[ 6JG DKUJQRU CNYC[U RNC[GF C RQNKVKECN TQNG QH UKIPKHKECPEG CPF VJG[ YGTG UVCNYCTVU QH VJG GORGTQTU #HVGT VJG FQYPHCNN QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP $KUJQR *GTOCPP ++ YCU VJG HKTUV VQ GZGTEKUG VGTTKVQTKCN TKIJVU 6JG FKQEGUG /ÒPUVGT DQTG C PGY PCOG HTQO /QPCUVGTKWO /ÒPUVGT 6JG .GZKMQP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU RTQXKFGU DQVJ PCOGU )TQVG KP JKU 5VCOOVCHGNP UQNGN[ /QPCUVGTKWO YJKEJ YQWNF DG TGRNCEGF WPFGT $KUJQR 'TDQ D[ /ÒPUVGT VJKU NCUVGF WPVKN VJG FC[U QH $KUJQR 'TDQ +V VJGTGHQTG UGGOU RGEWNKCT VJCV VJG EQKPU QH .WFQNH QH *QNVG KP VJG DGIKPPKPI UVKNN DGCT /10#56'4+8/ UGG +NKUEJ +: ŋ0CEJ FGO 6QFG $KUEJQH *GTOCPPU MCO GU \W GKPGT &QRRGNYCJN &KG YGNHKUEJG /GJTJGKV FGT &QOJGT TGP Y·JNVG FGP $TGOGT &QORTQDUV 1VVQ XQP 1NFGPDWTI GKPG /KPFGTJGKV FGP %JCTJQN\GT 2T·OQPUVTC VGPUGTRTQDUV (TKGFTKEJ GTJKGNV FGT 2CRUV FGP #WHVTCI FKG UVTKVVKIG 9CJN \W WPVGTUWEJGP WPF GTVGKNVG FCPCEJ 1VVQ FKG $GUV·VKIWPI +P FKG <GKV 1VVQU H·NNV FGT 5VTGKV WO FGP -ÌPKIUVJTQP \YKUEJGP 1VVQ +8 XQP $TCWPUEJYGKI WPF FGO GTOQTFGVGP 2JKNKRR XQP 5EJYCDGP FGUUGP 0CEJHQNIG FGT 5VCWHGT (TKGFTKEJ ++ DGCPURTWEJVG #WH FKG UVCWHKUEJG 5GKVG IGYGEJUGNV YWTFG 1VVQ XQP 1NFGPDWTI KP -ÌNP XQP YGN HKUEJGP 2CTVGKI·PIGTP XGTJCHVGV 'TUV MCO GT YKGFGT HTGK <WUCOOGP OKV FGP $KUEJÌHGP XQP 8GTFGP WPF 2CFGTDQTP JCV 1VVQ \WT /KUUKQPKGTWPI FGU $CNVKMWOU CWHIGTWHGP Ō 1P VJG FGCVJ QH DKUJQR *GTOCP VJGTG YCU C FQWDNG GNGEVKQP 6JG 9GNH OCLQTKV[ QH ECVJGFTCN NQTFU EJQUG VJG FGCP QH VJG $TGOGP ECVJG FTCN 1VVQ QH 1NFGPDWTI C OKPQTKV[ VJG %JCTJQN\ 2TGOQPUVTCVGPUKCP FGCP (TGFGTKEM +P VJG RQRG TGEGKXGF C TGSWGUV VQ KPXGUVKICVG VJG EQPVTQXGTUKCN GNGEVKQP CHVGT YJKEJ JG TWNGF KP HCXQWT QH 1VVQ +P 1VVQŉU RGTKQF VJG UVTWIING HQT VJG TQ[CN VJTQPG VQQM RNCEG DGVYGGP 1VVQ +8 QH $TWPUYKEM CPF 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC YJQ YCU OWTFGTGF KP CPF YJQUG JGKT VJG 5VCWHGT (TGFGTKEM ++ ENCKOGF VQ DG 1PEG JG JCF EJCPIGF UKFGU VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU 1VVQ QH 1NFGPDWTI YCU CTTGUVGF D[ 9GNH UWRRQTVGTU KP KP %Q NQIPG PQV VQ DG TGNGCUGF WPVKN 6QIGVJGT YKVJ VJG DKUJQRU QH 8GTFGP CPF 2CFGTDQTP 1VVQ CRRGCNGF HQT VJG GXCPIGNKUCVKQP QH VJG $CNVKE 6JG ŋ/ÒPUVGT ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT HGWFŌ VJTGY VJG EKV[ CPF VJG FKQEGUG COKFUV VJG 'WTQRGCP EQPHNKEVU 1P VJG QPG JCPF VJG ECPFKFCVG 9CNTCO QH /QGTU UWRRQTVGF D[ JKU DTQVJGT &KGVTKEJ QH %Q NQIPG CPF ,ÒNKEJ 5CCTYGTFGP $GPVJGKO .KRRG CPF VJG RQRG QP VJG QVJGT JCPF 'TKEJ QH *Q[C UWR RQTVGF D[ JKU DTQVJGT ŋ,WPMGT ,QJCPPŌ $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI CPF 5EJCWODWTI &WTKPI VJG .CODGTVK TKQV QP 5GRVGODGT VJG *Q[C RCTV[ HQTEGF C EJCPIG QH VJG EQWPEKN #NVJQWIJ 9CNTCO QH /QGTU OCPCIGF VQ YKP VJG $CVVNG CV 8CTNCT ,WN[ VJG HGWF YCU UGVVNGF KP HCXQWT QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ OGO DGT ,QJCPP QH 5KOOGTP <YGKDTÒEMGP 6JG 6TGCV[ QH -TCPGPDWTI FTCYP WR D[ 0KMQNCWU QH -WGU GPFGF VJG GZRCPUKQP RNCPU QH DQVJ /QGTU CPF *Q[C

#010;/175 VJ EGPVWT[

/KPPKICTFKURHGPPKI # %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU /+/+14#&'+1#& 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 ++++++ +NKUEJ +++ IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV 5VTWEM CHVGT )TQVG 7PVKN VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ /ÒPUVGT YCU ECNNGF /KOKICTFGHQTF #TQWPF VJG %QNQIPG OQPQITCO KU TGRNCEGF YKVJ CP GFKHKEG 6JKU GFKHKEG QP VJG /ÒPUVGT RHGPPKIG JCU C RCTCNNGN KP VJG /CIFGDWTI EQKPU 6JG ECWUG KU RTGUWOCDN[ VJG RQNKVKECNN[ CEVKXG /ÒPUVGT $KUJQR (TGFGTKEM QH 9GVVKP YJQ JCF RTGXKQWUN[ DGGP FGCP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN KP /CIFGDWTI CPF CNYC[U TGOCKPGF CVVCEJGF VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE

114

MÜNSTER #010;/175 VJ EGPVWT[

2HGPPKI # %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU ő #0%'ő 4 %TQUU YKVJ HQWT RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 8+++& +NKUEJ 8 IT 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z .GUUOCPP EQNNGEVKQP $QEJQNV %H 2GWU \W $GTIJCWU J 6JG GFKHKEG QH ITQWR 8 ENQUGN[ TGUGODNGU VJCV QH ITQWR +++

1661 + XQP 1.&'0$74) !

&QOFGPCT # $WUV QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 5#0% Q 685 2#8.85 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU /10#56'4+8/ +NKUEJ 8++ IT $TQCF CPF YGNN UVTWEM RGTHGEV RKGEG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCD -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ +NKUEJ #PQP[OG 2T·IWPI 1VVQ X 1NFGPDWTI 6JG EJWTEJ JCU VJTGG VQYGTU VJG OKFFNG QPG VCNNGT VJCP DQVJ VJG QVJGTU 6JKU OKFFNG VQYGT GPFU KP C URKTG YJKEJ FQGU PQV QEEWT KP +NKUEJŉ ECVCNQIWG )TQVG .WFYKI + 9G[ICPF 1VVQ + 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI *GTOCPP ++ 6JKU EQKP UJQYU C TGOCTMCDN[ HKPG HKPKUJKPI DQVJ VJG JGCF QH 5V 2CWN CPF VJG EJWTEJ QP VJG TGXGTUG CTG QH CP GZGRVKQPCNN[ DGCWVKHWN EWV 6JG NGVVGTU VQQ CTG DGCWVKHWN VJG[ KOKVCVG PQVJKPI PQT YGTG VJG[ GXGT KOKVCVGF CICKP 9JCV FQGU VJG GFKHKEG TGRTGUGPV! 0CW <GKV FGT 5VCWHGT RTQXKFGU ŋ5[ODQNKUKGTVG 9KGFGTICDG FGT &QOHCUUCFG Ō

5[ODQNKUGF TGRTGUGPVCVKQP QH VJG HTQPV QH VJG ECVJGFTCN +P VJG .GZKMQP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU YG HKPF ŋ&KG ·NVGUVG 2HCTT MKTEJG FGT /CTMVUKGFNWPI IGJV CWH GKPGP RT·TQOCPKUEJGP 5CCNDCW \WTÒEM /QPCUVGTKWO CWH FGO *QTUVGDGTI &QO DCW WPF 0GWDCW FGU /QPCUVGTKWOU CWH FGO *QTUVGDGTI &KGUG /ÒP\G IGJÌTV OKV ITQUUGT 9CJTUEJGKPNKEJMGKV KP FKG <GKV 1VVQ + XQP 1NFGPDWTI 8QP FKGUGO UKPF PCOGPVNKEJ IGMGPP\GKEJPGVG /ÒP\GP PKEJV ÒDGTNKGHGTV 0CEJ UGKPGT 9CJN VTCV GT KO 5VTGKV \YKUEJGP 9GNHGP WPF 5VCWHGTP WO FCU -ÌPKIUCOV CWH FKG UVCWHKUEJG 5GKVG WPF YWTFG XQP FGP #PJ·PIGTP FGT 9GNHGP KP -ÌNP IGHCPIGP WPF \YGK ,CJTG KP *CHV IGJCNVGP 'T UVCTD CWH GKPGO -TGW\\WI KP 5[TKGP Ō 6JG QNFGUV RCTKUJ EJWTEJ QH VJG OCTMGV UGVVNGOGPV UVGOU HTQO C RTG 4QOCPGUSWG JCNN EQPUVTWEVKQP /QP CUVGT[ QP VJG *QTUVGDGTI %QPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN CPF PGY EQPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ QP VJG *QTUVGDGTI 6JKU EQKP KP CNN NKMGNKJQQF KU HTQO VJG RGTKQF QH 1VVQ + QH 1NFGPDWTI 1H JKO PQ EQKPU OCTMGF YKVJ JKU PCOG CTG MPQYP QH 1P JKU GNGEVKQP JG UKFGF YKVJ VJG 5VCWHGTU KP VJG 9GNH 5VCWHGT UVTWIING HQT VJG TQ[CN VJTQPG CPF YCU CTTGUVGF KP D[ 9GNH UWRRQTVGTU KP %QNQIPG CPF JGNF KORTKUQPGF HQT VYQ [GCTU *G FKGF KP 5[TKC FWTKPI C ETWUCFG

.7&1.( XQP *1.6'

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF EJWTEJ HCEKPI UKVVKPI QP VJTQPG . 8&1.( '2 % 4 0KODCVG 5V 2CWNWU YKVJ UYQTF 5#0%6 2#8. +NKUEJ +: IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG $QWIJV 'Z &GMMGT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO F F 6JG UJCRG QH VJG EJWTEJ KU PQ GZCEV OCVEJ QH +NKUEJŉ 6GZVU YKVJ +NKUEJ .8&1. ( '2% TGUR 5#0%67 2#8 .

115

MÜNSTER

9+.*'./ XQP *1.6'

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF N QP VJTQPG 9 +..'*'./8 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2CWNWU T YKVJ UYQTF 5#0%6ŉ 2 #8. +NKUEJ :+ IT 5OCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ %H 5NI $QPJQHH )TQVG 6GZVU YKVJ +NKUEJ 9+..' ņ *'./8 TGUR 5#0%6ŉ 2 #8.ŉ

'$'4*#4& XQP &+'56

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR N YKVJ DQQM CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF QP VJTQPG '8'4 * #4&85ŉ 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI 2#8. 85 #215 61 +NKUEJ :+++ IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF *CCTNQQ )TQVG C

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR N YKVJ DQQM CPF CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF QP VJTQPG ' 8'4* #4&85 '25 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI 5# 0%68 2# 8.85 +NKUEJ :+++ EH IT 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF *CCTNQQ )TQVG D

.7&9+) XQP *'55'0

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ DQQM CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF HCEKPI QP VJTQPG .1& '9+%85 '2+5%1285 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2CWNWU YKVJ UYQTF 5#0%685 2#8.85 +NKUEJ :8+ ! IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

(.14'0< XQP 9'8'.+0)*1('0

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT HCEKPI QP VJTQPG UJKGNF QH 9GXGNKPIJQXGP ! QP JKU DTGCUV (.14'0%+85 '2+5%1285 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2CWNWU YKVJ UYQTF HCEKPI QXGT UJKGNF QH /ÒPUVGT 5#0%6 85 2# 8.85 +NKUEJ :+: IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CPF C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ )TQVG (NQTKU QH 9GXGNKPIJQXGP YCU CRRQKPVGF DKUJQR QH 7VTGEJV KP

116

MÜNSTER

2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF QH /ÒPUVGT (.14'06+ '2+5 %12+ 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2CWNWU N YKVJ UYQTF /10'6# /105 +NKUEJ :+: IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 'Z 5NI -GPPGRQJN 1UPCDTÒEM -GPPGRQJN JCU YTKVVGP CDQWV VJTGG FKHHGTGPV XCTKGVKGU QH VJKU EQKP $NH/HT R )TQVG

216*1 XQP 216'056'+0

2HGPPKI # &KXKFGF UJKGNF QH /ÒPUVGT CPF 2QVGPUVGKP QP ETQUKGT 216*1 10+5 '2+5 %12+ 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2CWNWU N YKVJ UYQTF /10'6# /105 +NKUEJ :: IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

)TQVG

,1*#00 XQP *1;# ,QJCPP X *Q[C YCU PQ DKUJQR DWV CFOKPKUVTCVGF QP DGJCNH QH JKU DTQVJGT 'TKE YJQ JCF PQV DGGP TGEQI PKUGF D[ VJG RQRG +1*5 %1/'5 &' *1;# *G QRVGF HQT C V[RG YKVJ C NC[OCPŉU VJGOG UVCPFKPI RTKPEG YKVJ CP CTOQWT UYQTF CPF UJKGNF 6GZV KP +NKUEJ ŋ GTY·JNVG GKPG /GJTJGKV FGU &QOMCRKVGNU IGIGP FGP 9KNNGP YGKVGT -TGKUG FGT NCPF UV·PFKUEJGP 4KVVGT WPF FGT OÒPUVGTKUEJGP $ÒTIGT FGP 9CNTCO XQP /QGTU \WO $KUEJQH &KG 5VCFV /ÒP UVGT RTQVGUVKGTVG IGIGP FKG 9CJN WPF ÒDGTVTWI FGO JQ[CUEJGP )TCHGP ,QJCPP FCU #OV GKPGU 5VKHVUXGTYG UGTU DKU GKP CPFGTGT $KUEJQH GTPCPPV UGK )GIGP -ÌNP WPF WPVGTUVÒV\V XQP -NGXG XGTNCPIVG FKG 5VCFV FKG 'TPGPPWPI XQP ,QJCPPU $TWFGT 'TKEJ \WO $KUEJQH 9CNTCO XQP /QGTU YWTFG CP FGT $GUKV\GTITGKHWPI FGU $KUVWOU IGJKPFGTV WPF GU DGICPP FKG OÒPUVGTKUEJG 5VKHVUHGJFG KP FGT UKEJ DGKFG 2CTVGKGP DGM·OR HVGP UVCTD 9CNTCO &WTEJ FKG 9CJN ,QJCPP XQP 2HCN\ 5KOOGTP GPVHKGN FGT #PNCUU FGT 'TPGP PWPI ,QJCPPU XQP *Q[C \WO 5VKHVUXGTYGUGT Ō +P C OCLQTKV[ KP VJG ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT GNGEVGF 9CN TCO QH /QGTU CU DKUJQR CICKPUV VJG YKNN QH C YKFG EKTENG QH MPKIJVU TGUKFGPV KP VJG TGIKQP CPF /ÒPUVGT EKVK\GPU 6JG EKV[ QH /ÒPUVGT RTQVGUVGF CICKPUV VJG GNGEVKQP CPF VTCPUHGTTGF VJG QHHKEG QH EJCRVGT TGIGPV VQ %QWPV ,QJCPP RGPFKPI VJG CRRQKPVOGPV QH CPQVJGT DKUJQR 1RRQUGF D[ %QNQIPG DWV UWRRQTVGF D[ %NGXGU VJG EKV[ FGOCPFGF VJG PQOKPCVKQP QH ,QJCPPŉU DTQVJGT 'TKE CU DKUJQR 9CNTCO QH /QGTU YCU VJWU QD UVTWEVGF KP UGK\KPI VJG RQUUGUUKQPU QH VJG FKQEGUG CPF JGPEG VJG /ÒPUVGT ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT HGWF DGICP KP YJKEJ VJGUG HCEVKQPU HQWIJV GCEJ QVJGT 9CNTCO FKGF KP 6JTQWIJ VJG GNGEVKQP QH ,QJCPP QH 2HCN\ 5KOOGTP KP ,QJCPP QH *Q[CŉU TGIGPE[ YCU PQ NQPIGT PGGFGF

9GKRHGPPKI # -PKIJV UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF QH *Q[C VYQ ENCYU QH C DGCT +1*'5ŉ %1*ŉ &ŉ *1+# 4 5JKGNF QH /ÒPUVGT KP VTGHQKN *10ŉ 018ŉ (#%6# *10#56'+ŉ 'ŉ 5ŉ +NKUEJ ::+8 IT 4 'FIG YGCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ ŋ,QJCPP XQP *Q[C CNU 5VKHVUXGTYGUGTŌ 6JG 9GKRHGPPKIGP QH ,QJCPP QH *Q[C YGTG RQRWNCTN[ ECNNGF ,WPMGT ,QJCPP 2HGPPKIG

117

OSNABRÜCK

150#$4ª%- 6JG FKQEGUG GOGTIGF DGHQTG RCTV QH VJG GEENGUKCUVKECN RTQXKPEG QH %QNQIPG 6JG (TKUKCP 9KRQ Ŏ KU EQPUKFGTGF VQ DG KVU HKTUV DKUJQR 6JG %CTQNKPIKCP ECVJGFTCN KU EQPUGETCVGF VQ VJG UCKPVU 2GVGT %TKURKP CPF %TKURKPKCP 1UPCDTÒEM UWHHGTGF ITCXGN[ WPFGT VJG 8KMKPI TCKFU CPF CPF VJQUG D[ VJG *WPICTKCPU CPF 6JG DKUJQRU FKF PQV RQUUGUU EQOKVCN TKIJVU YJKEJ ECWUGF VJGO VQ VWTP VQ RTKXKNGIGU KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG EQOKVCN TKIJVU YGPV VQ 4CXGPUDGTI CPF 6GEMNGPDWTI +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG DKUJQRU VTCPU HGTTGF VJGKT UGG HTQO VJG ECVJGFTCN JKNN VQ VJG PGY EKV[ /CTKGPJQH CPF HTQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ TGUKFGF KP +DWTI QT (ÒTUVGPCW +P -KPI #TPWNH CV VJG TGSWGUV QH $KUJQR 'IKNOCT DGUVQYGF VJG TKIJVU QH OCTMGV OKPV CPF VQNN QP VJG EJWTEJ QH 1UPCDTÒEM 6JGUG TKIJVU YGTG CEMPQYNGFIGF TGRGCVGFN[ WPVKN +P 1VVQ + CV VJG TGSWGUV QH $KUJQR &TQIQ CYCTFGF TKIJVU QH OCTMGV OKPV CPF VQNN VQ 9KGFGPDTÒEM 6JG PCOG 1UPCDTÒEM KU FQEWOGPVGF UKPEG VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CPF KU VJGTGHQTG NKPMGF VQ $KUJQR $GPPQ ++ 1UPCDTÒEMŉU OQUV KORQTVCPV OGFKGXCN DKUJQR CPF C UVCNYCTV QH 'ORGTQT *GPT[ +8 +P 1UPCDTÒEM FGOQPGVKUCVKQPU VQQM RNCEG QP C TGIWNCT DCUKU WPVKN VJG FC[U QH $KUJQR %QPTCF ++ 'CEJ VKOG C PGY DKUJQR CEEGFGF VQ QHHKEG VJG EQKPU YGTG TGRNCEGF YKVJ PGY V[RGU FGRKEVKPI C VQVCNN[ FKHHGTGPV UEGPG $KUJQR %QPTCF + GXGP ECTTKGF QWV FGOQPGVKUCVKQPU GXGT[ VJTGG [GCTU FWTKPI JKU VGPWTG 6JG TGCUQP HQT CNN QH VJKU YGTG VJG ITGCV HKPCPEKCN UVTCKVU VJCV VJG DKUJQRU HQWPF VJGOUGNXGU KP &GOQPGVKUCVKQPU CU OKIJV DG GZRGEVGF YGTG KOOGPUGN[ WPRQRWNCT YKVJ VJG RGQRNG CNN VJG OQTG CU VJG RTQEGGFU YGPV VQ VJG UQXGTGKIP QT VJG DKUJQR GZENWUKXGN[ KP VJG ECUG QH DTCEVGCVGU UGG VJGTG VJG FG OQPGVKUCVKQPU YGTG C OGPCU QH VCZCVKQP 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG FGOQPGVKUCVKQPU KP 9GUVRJCNKC CPF VJGTGHQTG KP 1UPCDTÒEM FKF PQV JCXG VJG FGUCUVTQWU GHHGEVU VJG[ JCF GNUGYJGTG KP )GTOCP[

#010;/175 VJ EGPVWT[

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 150+0*8))' 4 &GIGPGTCVGF OQPQITCO QH 5 %1.+0+# # -GPPGRQJN IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9CNFOCPP EQNNGEVKQP %JCTCEVGTKUVKECN HQT VJKU DNWPFGTGF %QNQIPG OQPQITCO KU VJG YKFGPKPI ŋUVCKTECUGŌ YJKEJ YG UGG YKVJ VJG UGXGTCN QVJGT KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG 5 %1.10+ # OQPQITCO 5GG G I PQ 5CZQP[ CPF PQ GV UGS 5QGUV KP 9GUV RJCNKC VJG NCUV QPG UJQYKPI RCTCNNGN UKFGU QH VJG UVCKTECUG

#401.&

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $TQCF ETQUU YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU QPG UVCT CPF QPG ETQUU KP VJG CPINGU #401. '2+5 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 150#$48)) -GPPGRQJN IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ +OKVCVKQP QH VJG /ÒPUVGT 2HGPPKIG YKVJ C EJWTEJ +NKUEJ ITQWR 8 6JG EJWTEJ EQTTGURQPFU YKVJ +NKUEJ 8 6JG VGZV QP VJG TGXGTUG KU KNNGIKDNG #EEQTFKPI VQ -GPPGRQJN KV UJQWNF TGCF 150+0$48)) VJQWIJ VJGTG CTG C UGXGTCN XCTKGVKGU

118

OSNABRÜCK )'4*#4& XQP 1.&'0$74)

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT HCEKPI QP VJTQPG QXGT FTCIQP )'4* 4&85 4 %KV[ XKGY YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 15'# . $148)&' -GPPGRQJN IT &CTM VQPG C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 5NI $QPJQHH PQ 6JG FTCIQP KU ETCYNKPI VQ VJG NGHV KP -GPPGRQJN KV UC[U GTTQPGQWUN[ VQ O[ OKPF VQ VJG TKIJV 0GXGT YCU C URGEKOGP QH VJKU V[RG HQWPF YKVJ VJG EQTTGEV VGZV 15'0$48)) 6JGTG JCU DGGP OWEJ URGEWNCVKQP CU VQ YJCV VJG FTCIQP UKIPKHKGU DWV -GPPGRQJN FGGOU VJG HQNNQYKPI OQUV NKMGN[ ŋ5Q UKGJV -QJN $NH/HT 5 KP FGO &TCEJGP FKG 8GTUKPPDKNFNKEJWPI FGU $ÌUGP FCU DG\YWPIGP \W (ÒGP FGU )WVGP NKGIV IGO· 2UCNO Ŋ#WH .ÌYGP WPF 1VVGTP YKTUV &W IGJGP WPF VTGVGP CWH FGP LWPIGP .ÌYGP WPF &TCEJGPŉ UVGJV FCDGK CDGT FGT #PUKEJV FCUU FGT &TCEJG XGKNNGKEJV GKPG 'TKPPGTWPI CP GKPG (CJTV KPŉU JN .CPF UGK UGJT UMGRVKUEJ IGIGPÒDGT &KGUG 5VGNNWPIPCJOG KUV GKIGPVNKEJ WPGTHKPFNKEJ FC FWTEJ FKG -TGW\HCJTV LC FGT 5KGI FGU )WVGP F J FGU %JTKUVGPVWOU ÒDGT FCU $ÌUG F J FGP /QJCOGFCPKUOWU GTTGKEJV YGTFGP UQNNVG <WFGO OW KP FGP ,CJT\GJPVGP XQT WPF PCEJ FKG -TGW\\WIUDGIGKUVGTWPI KP 0QTFYGUVHCNGP TGEJVU ITQ IGYGUGP UGKP $KUEJQH #TPQNF XQP 1UPCDTÒEM UVCTD CO &G\GODGT XQT #EEQP $KUEJQH )GTJCTFU $TWFGT 1VVQ XQP /ÒPUVGT GT TGKEJVG FCU INGKEJG 5EJKEMUCN GDGPFQTV K , CNU GT UGKPGP FTKVVGP $TWFGT FGP )TCHGP *GKPTKEJ XQP 1NFGPDWTI CWH FGT -TGW\HCJTV DGINGKVGVG 'U KUV FCTCP HGUV\WJCNVGP FC FGT &TCEJG CWH FGP 1UPCDTÒEMGT 2HGPPKIGP )GTJCTFU OKV FGO -TGW\\WIUIGFCPMGP FGT <GKV KP <WUCOOGPJCPI IGDTCEJV YGTFGP OW ŋ -QJN HQT KPUVCPEG VCMGU VJG FTCIQP VQ U[ODQNKUG GXKN NC[KPI FGHGCVGF CV VJG HGGV QH IQQF $NH/HT R CU KV FQGU KP 2UCNO ň6JQW UJCNV VTGCF WRQP VJG NKQP CPF CFFGT VJG [QWPI NKQP CPF VJG FTCIQP UJCNV VJQW VTCORNG WPFGT VJ[ HGGVŉ KU JQYGXGT UEGRVKECN CDQWV VJG PQVKQP QH VJG FTCIQP EQOOGOQTCVKPI C LQWTPG[ VQ VJG *QN[ .CPF 6JKU RQUKVKQP KU TGCNN[ KPEQO RTGJGPUKDNG CU ETWUCFGU YGTG KPVGPFGF VQ DTKPI CDQWV VJG XKEVQT[ QH IQQF K G %JTKUVKCPKV[ QXGT GXKN K G +UNCO KP VJG HKTUV RNCEG /QTGQXGT VJG YKNNKPIPGUU VQ VCMG WR VJG ETQUU OWUV JCXG DGGP SWKVG QXGTYJGNOKPI KP 9GUVRJCNKC KP VJG FGECFGU CTQWPF VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ $KUJQR #TPQNF QH 1UPCDTÒEM FKGF QP &GEGODGT DGHQTG #ETG $KUJQR )GTCTFŉU DTQVJGT OGV YKVJ VJG UCOG HCVG VJGTG KP YJKNUV CEEQORCP[KPI JKU VJKTF DTQVJGT %QWPV *GPT[ QH 1NFGPDWTI QP C ETWUCFG 9G OWUV CDKFG D[ VJG CUUWORVKQP VJCV VJG FTCIQP QP )GTJCTFŉU 1UPCDTÒEM RHGPPKIG KU VQ DG CUUQEKCVGF YKVJ VJG ETWUCFG UVCVG QH OKPF CV VJG VKOG

-104#& + XQP 8'.$'4 &WTKPI VJG TGKIP QH -QPTCF XQP 8GNDGT OKPVKPI HKTUV VQQM RNCEG KP 9KGFGPDTÒEM CNVJQWIJ VJG TKIJV QH OKPVKPI CNTGCF[ JCU DGGP IKXGP KP

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU 5#0%6 ' 2'64 + 4 9JGGN YKVJ GKIJV URQMGU KP VTKCPING VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 15' 0$4 8)' -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 5VTWEM +P C TGOCTMCDN[ HKPG UVCVG 8GT[ TCTG 6JG YGKIJV KU XGT[ JKIJ -GPPGRQJN PCOGU CU VJG CXGTCIG I 6JKU V[RG KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU WPFGT *GPT[ +++ CU YGNN CU VJG +TKUJ EQKPU WPFGT ,QJP

6JG JCPF YKVJ VJG ETQUU UVCHH QP VJG QDXGTUG KU V[RKECNN[ 'PINKUJ VJG VTKCPING QP VJG TGXGTUG V[RKECNN[ +TKUJ 6JKU KOKVCVKQP QH 'PINKUJ +TKUJ EQKPU UJQYU VJCV VJG VTCFG EKTEWOUVCPEGU JCF EJCPIGF (TQO CTQWPF VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG %QNQIPG RHGPPKI FYKPFNGF CPF VJG[ YGTG TGRNCEGF D[ V[RGU VJCV YGTG OQFGNGF QP HQTGKIP EWTTGPE[ *GTG VJG 1UPCDTÒEM YJGGN UVKNN JCU GKIJV URQMGU NCVGT UGG PQ -GPPGRQJN VJGTG YQWNF DG UKZ FGHKPKVKXGN[

119

0SNABRÜCK $4701 XQP +5'0$74) 6JG 6 HQTO WUGF WR VQ PQY HQT VJG -CUGNDQTVG KU TGRNCEGF D[ C ; HQTO YJKEJ YQWNF TGOCKP VJG UCOG WPVKN VJG GPF QH VJG RHGPPKI GTC 1PN[ $KUJQR $CNFGYKP QH 4WUUGN YQWNF WUG VJG 6 HQTO QPEG KP 9KGFGPDTÒEM UGG PQ

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $480 1 '2% 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2GVTWU HCEKPI YKVJ MG[ 15'0$4 8 MG[ ) -GPPGRQJN IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $4 801 '2% 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2GVTWU HCEKPI YKVJ MG[ 15 '0$48) MG[ -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ +P CWEV ECV /ÒPUVGT .WFQNH 5GG $GTIJCWU EH +P CWEV ECV KV UC[U 5V 2CWN KPUVGCF QH 5V 2GVGT 6JG QDXGTUG HCEG KU OWEJ HKPGT FTCYP VJCP VJG RKEVWTG KP -GPPGRQJN UJQYU KV OQTGQXGT FKHHGTU 6JG DQQM QP VJG QDXGTUG JCU C NQEM

&GNOQPVG $TWUUGN 6JG TGPFGTKPI QH VJG KOCIG QP VJKU EQKP KU OWEJ NGUU HKPG VJCP VJCV QH PQ 6JG NQEM QH VJG DQQM KU OKUUKPI OQTGQXGT

$#.&'9+0 XQP 4755'.

2HGPPKI 9KGFGPDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU QP VJTQPG $1.&' 9+085 4 9JGGN YKVJ UKZ URQMGU 9+&'0 $48)' % +8+6 -GPPGRQJN IT 9GNN UVTWEM UOCNN UETCVEJGU CPF TGXGTUG C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO PQY QP VJG YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM JCU UKZ URQMGU

#HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH $CNFGYKP QP (GDTWCTK 'PIGNDGTV ++ %QWPV QH VJG /CTEJ KU EJQUGP CU JKU UWEEGUUQT 6JG RQRG TGHWVGF VJKU ,WPG 9KFGMKPF YCU CNTGCF[ EJQUGP DGHQTG VJCV FCVG

9+&'-+0& XQP 9#.&'%-

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG 9+&'- +0 &8 '2% 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM 15 '++$48)' %+ 8+6# 5 -GPPGRQJN IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 8+6# KU C RCTV QH %+8+6#5

120

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM -GPPGRQJN IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 0Q NGIKDNG VGZV QP GKVJGT QDXGTUG QT TGXGTUG

OSNABRÜCK

2HGPPKI 9KGFGPDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UEGRVTG ETQUU QP RGNNGV 9+&'-+0 &8% '2% 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QXGT YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM 9+&'0$ 48)' %+8+ 6#5 -GPPGRQJN IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JG GFKHKEG QP VJG TGXGTUG KU PQV C EJWTEJ CU QP VJG RHGPPKIG HTQO 1UPCDTÒEM +P JKU GNWEKFCVKQP -GPPGRQJN TGHGTU VQ C 6QTDWTI

-104#& ++ XQP 4+'6$'4)

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM YKVJ RGNNGV CDQXG %10 4#& '2+ 5%1 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM

1 5'0$4 8) %+8+6#5 -GPPGRQJN IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

*·NDNKPI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM YKVJ RGNNGV CDQXG %10#& 85 '2+5%* 128 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM

%+8+ 6#5 150#$48)'0 -GPPGRQJN IT 44 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG % 104# '25+%1 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM 1 5' 0$48ő -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 1P VJKU EQKP DQQM CPF ETQUKGT CTG VJG QVJGT YC[ TQWPF EQORCTGF VQ PQ

2HGPPKI 9KGFGPDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF QTD QP VJTQPG %1 0&85ő 4 'FKHKEG QXGT YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM -GPPGRQJN IT 4 0KEG RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JG GFKHKEG QP VJG TGXGTUG KU PQV C EJWTEJ DWV C RCNCEG CEEQTFKPI VQ -GPPGRQJN 6JG 1UPCDTÒEM EQKPU OQUV V[RKECNN[ FGRKEV C EJWTEJ YJGTGCU VJG EQKPU QH 9KGFGPDTÒEM KPXCTKCDN[ UJQY C UGEWNCT GFKHKEG

)166(4+'& XQP #405$'4)

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG )16*4+&85 '2% 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM %858 /10 '6# -GPPGRQJN IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 4GEVCPIWNCT YKPFQYU KP VJG VQYGT 1P VJG QDXGTUG PQ VGZV %QKPU QH )QVVHTKGF QH #TPUDGTI CTG EJCTCEVGTKUGF D[ DCTGN[ NGIKDNG NGIGPFU

121

VECHTA

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG )16 (4+&85 '2+5% 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM /10'6# 150 #$ 84)' -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

,1*#00 *1'6

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG +1*#00 '5 '2+ 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM /1 0'6# 150#$84) -GPPGRQJN IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

&+'64+%* XQP *140'

2HGPPKI 1UPCDTÒEM # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 6*+&'4+%8 '2+5%128 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VQY HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT CTEJ YJGGN QH 1UPCDTÒEM ő #&'05+ő -GPPGRQJN IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 'Z -GPPGRQJN EQNNGEVKQP 1UPCDTÒEM VJKU RTGUWOCDN[ KU F HTQO VJG -GPPGRQJN DQQM

8'%*6# +P VJG VJ VJ EGPVWT[ VJG EQWPVU QH %CNXGNCIG NCVGT 4CXGPUDGTI DWKNV VJG ECUVNG $GTIHTKGF +P 1VVQ $KUJQR QH /ÒPUVGT CESWKTGF 8GEJVC 6JG DWTIOCGPPGT FGXGNQRGF KPVQ VJG TGCN NQTFU QH 8GEJVC +P VJG[ YGTG OGPVKQPGF KP EQPPGEVKQP YKVJ C RKNNCIKPI TCKF +P VJGTG YGTG DWTIOCGPPGT #TOU QH VJG DWTIOCGPPGT UJKGNF YKVJ VJTGG UCNVKTGU %QKPCIG OWUV JCXG UVCTVGF CTQWPF RTKXKNGIG ITCPVGF D[ $KUJQR (NQTGPEG QH /ÒPUVGT 6JG 5YCTGP QH 8GEJVC KOKVCVG VJG RHGPPKIG QH VJG /ÒPUVGT DKUJQRU .QWKU CPF (NQTGPEG %QKPCIG QH VJG 5YCTGP GPFGF CTQWPF VJG OKPVU QH /ÒPUVGT CPF 1UPCDTÒEM YGTG CNUQ ENQUGF FQYP CV VJCV VKOG

5YCTGP # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT QP VJTQPG UJKGNF YKVJ VJTGG ETQUUGU QP DTGCUV /10'6# &' 8'%*6# 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 2CWNWU YKVJ UYQTF QXGT VJTGG ETQUUGU

5#0%6' 2#8.' $GTIJCWU 8GEJVC IT 4 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ +P (F $TGOGT URGEKOGPU (QWPF KP DWTKGF CTQWPF %QPVCKPGF 5YCTGP QH 8GEJVC QP C VQVCN QH EQKPU 5GG * $WEJGPCW &GT $TGOGT (WPF <GKVUEJTKHV HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM R +P (F 0KGFGTYGUGT URGEKOGP (QWPF KP DWTKGF CTQWPF %QPVCKPGF 8GEJVC 5YCTGP QP C VQVCN QH EQKPU 5GG ' $CJTHGNF 5EJCTGP CWU FGT 0KGFGTYGUGTIGIGPF $GTNKPGT /ÒP\DN·VVGT R GV UGSS

122

DIEPHOLZ-HOYA

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ÒEM %KV[ TKIJVU UKPEG (QT VJG EQPPGEVKQP DGVYGGP &KGRJQN\ CPF *Q[C UGG VJG EQOOGPV YKVJ %QWPV 1VVQ +++ QH *Q[C

,1*#00 ++

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM HCEKPI SWCVTGHQKN CPF VYQ ETQUUGU QP DTGCUV ¢ +1* #00'5 &1/+085 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF QH &KGRJQN\ CPVNGTU ¢ /10'6# &'2*1. 6 'PIGNMG EH )KGUGP IT 44 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 2HGPPKI CHVGT /ÒPUVGT GZCORNG ,QJP YCU C ITGCVITCPFUQP QH %QPTCF + (QT VJG SWCVTGHQKN CPF VJG VYQ ETQUUGU DGPGCVJ KV UGG VJG EQKPU QH *Q[C

-104#& 8+++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # .KQP QH $QJGOKC Z 01$. %104#6 & &+2*1. 'PIGNMG )KGUGP IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

9KNNGOU $GPPGMQO 2HGPPKI CHVGT $QJGOKCP GZCORNG %QPTCF YCU C ITCPFUQP QH 1VVQ +++ YJQ YCU YGFFGF VQ *GFYKI %QWPVGUU QH $TQPMJQTUV $QTEWNQ 0GVJGTNCPFU

%1706; *1;# 6JG JKUVQT[ QH VJG EQWPV[ *Q[C DGIKPU KP YJGP QPG *GKPTKEXU EQOGU FG *QIGP KU OGPVKQPGF KP C FGGF QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH $TGOGP *QIGP QT *QEJ KU VJG QTKIKP QH *Q[C *GPT[ + Ŏ CESWKTGF VJG (TGKITCHUEJCHV 0KGPDWTI COQPIUV QVJGTU 6JKU UGV VJG UK\G QH VJG VGTTKVQT[ NGHV QH VJG 9GUGT CPF DQTFGTKPI QP VJG FKQEGUGU QH 8GTFGP CPF /KPFGP *KU UQP *GPT[ ++ RTQOKUGF VQ RTQVGEV VJG EKVK\GPU QH $TGOGP YJGP RCUUKPI VJTQWIJ JKU NCPFU /KPVKPI UVCTVGF WPFGT JKO +P VJG NKPG 9ÌNRG DGECOG GZVKPEV 6JG EQWPV[ YGPV VQ &WMG 1VVQ ++ QH $TWPUYKEM .ÒPGDWTI YJQUG VGTTKVQT[ VJWU PGKIJDQWTGF *Q[C FKXKFGF D[ VJG 9GUGT 9ÌNRG QYPGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP 0KGP DWTI DWV VJG FWMGU FKF PQV OKPV JGTG CPF NGHV VJG /QPGVCO KP 0[IGPDQTEJ VQ VJG *Q[C EQWPVU +P %QWPV 1VVQ ++ FKGF CPF JKU VYQ UQPU )GTJCTF +++ CPF ,QJP ++ TWNGF LQKPVN[ +P VJG[ FGEKFGF VQ FKXKFG VJG EQWPV[ )GTJCTF DGECOG EQWPV QH VJG NQYGT EQWPV[ *Q[C CPF ,QJP EQWPV QH VJG WRRGT EQWPV[ 0KGPDWTI 6JKU FKXKUKQP NCUVGF HQT HQWT IGPGTCVKQPU CPF KU TGHNGEVGF KP EQKP RTQFWEVKQP +P 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 TGUVQTGF VJG .CPFHTKGFGP NCPF RGCEG +P QTFGT VQ KORNGOGPV KV NQECNN[ 1VVQ +++ KP *Q[C CPF JKU EQWUKP 'TKEJ + KP 0KGPDWTI GHHGEVGF C VTGCV[ +P VJG .CPFHTKGFGP %JCTNGU FGVGT OKPGF VJCV PQDQF[ KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ KP YJKEJ VJG .CPFHTKGFGP YCU GHHGEVKXG EQWNF UVTKMG EQKP YJQ JCF PQV DGGP ITCPVGF VJKU TKIJV FKTGEVN[ D[ VJG GORGTQT *Q[C FKF PQV JQNF CP[ UWEJ KOOGFKCVG KORGTKCN TKIJV DWV KV TGHGTTGF VQ KVU EWUVQOCT[ TKIJV 1P 0QXGODGT VJG VYQ EQWPVKGU YGTG TGWPKVGF 6JG CTOU QH VJG EQWPVU QH *Q[C CTG QH RCTVKEWNCT UKIPKHKECPEG VYQ DGCT ENCYU EQPPGEVGF CV VJG DQVVQO +P VJQUG FC[U RGQRNG URQMG QH DGTGPENCW DGTPENCY CPF D·TGPMNCGP 9G CNUQ HKPF VJGUG DGCT ENCYU KP VJG CTOU QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5VWORGPJCWUGP 9JGVJGT VJG NCVGT EQWPVU QH *Q[C EQPUVKVWVG C UWDUKFKCT[ DTCPEJ QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5VWORGPJCWUGP CPF VJWU CFQRVGF VJG CTOU KU PQV MPQYP 5VWORG KU VJG QNF )GTOCP YQTF HQT EWV QHH NKOD KP VJKU ECUG VJG DGCT ENCYU *Q[C NC[ QP VJG DQTFGT QH VJG VGTTKVQTKGU YJGTG *QJNRHGPPKIG CPF FQWDNG UKFGF FGPCTKK EKTEWNCVGF %QKP CIG DGICP CTQWPF YJGP VJG FC[U QH VJG GZSWKUKVG DTCEVGCVGU YGTG QXGT CPF VJG[ EQPUGSWGPVN[ CTG OWEJ NGUU HKPG KP CRRGCTCPEG #TQWPF VJG VKOG QH VJG FQWDNG UKFGF FGPCTKK DGICP KP *Q[C 5YCTGP VJCV YGTG OQFGNNGF QP 9GUVRJCNKCP GZCORNGU 6JG EQWPVU QH *Q[C CNYC[U KOKVCVGF HQTGKIP EQKPU 9JGPGXGT VJGTG YCU GPQWIJ HQTGKIP OQPG[ EKTEWNCV KPI KP *Q[C *Q[C EQKPU YGTG EKTEWNCVGF 6JKU EQKPCIG YCU PQV KPVGPFGF VQ KPETGCUG VJG RTQURGTKV[ QH VJG RGQRNG DWV UQNGN[ VQ IGPGTCVG TGXGPWG HQT VJG EQWPVU )KGUGP R +P VJG 0GVJGTNCPFU CPF )GTOCP[ VJKU RTCEVKEG YCU TGHGTTGF VQ CU JCIGOWPVGTKL QT *GEMGPOÒP\UV·VVG QRGTCVKPI QH KNNGICN UQOGVKOGU JKF FGP OKPVU KP JGFIGU 123

HOYA

*'+04+%* ++

*QJNRHGPPKI # %QWPV YKVJ DGCTÅ&#x2030;U ENCY KP GCEJ JCPF )KGUGP IT

44 8GT[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

1DGTITCHUEJCHV *Q[C '4+%* +

5YCTGP 0KGPDWTI # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG 3WCVTGHQKN CPF VYQ ETQUUGU QP DTGCUV /10Å&#x2018;Å&#x2018; 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF VYQ DGCT ENCYU Å&#x2018; &0 8 )KGUGP ! )TQVG IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 6GTDGTIGT EQNNGEVKQP

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

5YCTGP $CUUWO # 5JKGNF YKVJ RGNNGV DGVYGGP VYQ DGCT U ENCYU 1661 Â¢ %1/' 5 +0 *1;# 4 %QWPV UKVVKPI YKVJ UJKGNF CPF DQQM /10'6# $'45'0'' )KGUGP < H 0 :: RN IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 6GTDGTIGT EQNNGEVKQP

5YCTGP $CUUWO # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG /10'6# $'45'0 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF DGCT U ENCYU ETQUU QXGT UJKGNF Z 166 1 %1/ '5 +0 J1+# )KGUGP ! )TQVG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 6GTDGTIGT EQNNGEVKQP %H 0KGFGTYGUGTHWPF

124

5YCTGP $CUUWO # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM QP VJTQPG SWCVTGHQKN QP DTGCUV

/10'6 # $'45'0 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF DGCT U ENCYU Z 5# 0%685 2#8.85 )KGUGP )TQVG IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 2KGRGT EQNNGEVKQP %CJP #WEVKQP (F $TGOGT

CORVEY

#$$'; %148'; 6JG CDDQV #FGNJCTF QH VJG $GPGFKEVKPG OQPCUVGT[ %QTDKG PGCT #OKGPU YCU QTFGTGF D[ JKU HTKGPF %JCT NGOCIPG VQ HQWPF C OQPCUVGT[ QP VJG GCUVGTP DQTFGT HTQO YJGTG JG YCU VQ URTGCF %JTKUVKCPKV[ 6JKU YCU PQV TGCNKUGF WPVKN VJG KORGTKCN FKGV KP 2CFGTDQTP KP WPFGT .QWKU VJG 2KQWU 6JG OQPCUVGT[ YJKEJ YCU HQWPFGF YCU PCOGF *GVJK VQFC[ŉ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ŋ%QTXG[ OKV UGKPGP 8GKV ICNV PKEJV \W 7PTGEJV CNU CNNGT *CWRV WPF /WVVGTMNQUVGT WPF IGYKUUGTOCUUGP CNU <KGTFG FGU ICP\GP .CPFGUŌ

%QTXG[ YKVJ KVU 8GKV YCU EQPUKFGTGF PQV EQORNGVGN[ WPLWUVKHKGF CU VJG OQVJGT QH CNN OQPCUVGTKGU CPF VQ C EGTVCKP GZVGPV CU VJG CFQTPOGPV QH VJG GPVKTG EQWPVT[ 6JKGVOCT JGTG OGPVKQPU 5V 8GKV 8KVWU VJG UCKPV VJCV JCF D[ VJGP TGRNCEGF 5V 5VGRJGP #DDQV 9CTKP

QPG QH VJG UVCNYCTVU QH .QWKU VJG 2KQWU KP TGEGKXGF VJG TGNKEU QH 5V 8KVWU VTCPUHQTOKPI %QTXG[ KPVQ C RNCEG QH RKNITKOCIG KP 5CZQP[ HTQO #DDQV *KNFWKP QH 5V &GPKU *GPT[ + RTQORVGF D[ JKU YKHG /CVJKNFG CFQTPGF CP CNVCT QH VJG JQN[ OCTV[T 8GKV KP %QTXG[ OQUV URNGPFKFN[ YKVJ IQNF CPF RTGEKQWU UVQPGU 9G QHVGP GPEQWPVGT VJKU 5V 8KVWU QP %QTXG[ EQKPU 8KVWU YCU DQTP KP VJG FC[U QH 'ORGTQT &KQENGVKCP

CPF /CZKOKPKCP QP 5KEKN[ *KU HCVJGT *[NCU YCU DNKPF 8KVWU YCU DTQWIJV WR CU C %JTKUVKCP CPF JG JGCNGF JKU HCVJGT YJGP JG YCU UGXGP [GCTU QNF *KU HCVJGT DGKPI C JGCVJGP YCU FKU EQPVGPVGF CPF YCPVGF VQ MKNN JKU UQP YJQ HNGF &KQENGVKCP ECNNGF WRQP JKO VQ EQOG VQ 4QOG CPF JGCN JKU UQP 7RQP JKU TGEQXGT[ &KQENGVKCPWU FGOCPFGF VJCV 8KVWU DTKPI C UCETKHKEG VQ VJG )QFU 8KVWU TGHWUGF CPF YCU ECUV KPVQ C TGFJQV HWTPCEG HTQO YJKEJ JG GOGTIGF YKVJQWV CP[ JCTO *G VJGP YCU JWTNGF DG HQTG VJG NKQPU VJCV JQYGXGT NCKF VJGOUGNXGU CV JKU HGGV 6JGTGWRQP &KQENGVKCP JCF 8KVWU VQTVWTGF CPF MKNNGF 6JKU NGIGPF KU XGT[ TGOKPKUEGPV QH VJCV QH 5V /CWTKEG VJCV YCU UGV KP VJG UCOG VKOG UGG WPFGT /CIFGDWTI #NVJQWIJ VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU C TQ[CN RTGTQICVKXG KV YCU PGEGUUCT[ VQ ITCPV KV VQ QVJGTU +P .QWKU VJG 2KQWU GUVCDNKUJGF C OKPV KP %QTXG[ CPF NGHV KVU RTQEGGFU VQ VJG CDDQV 9CTKP 6JKU ITCPVKPI QH VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU ENGCTN[ GEQPQOKECNN[ OQVKXCVGF 6JG FGGF UVCVGU ō9GKN FKGUG )GIGPF GKPGU *CP FGNURNCV\GU DGFÒTHVG YKTF KP %QTXG[ \WO 0WV\GP FGT /ÌPEJG GKPG ÌHHGPVNKEJG /ÒP\G GKPIGTKEJVGV FGTGP )GYKPP KJPGP \WHCNNGP UQNN &KG 'KPTKEJVWPI FGT /ÒP\G UQNN FGP *CPFGN HÌTFGTP WPF YKTF IGYKUU \WT 'KPTKEJVWPI WPF \WO $GVTKGD GKPGU /CTMVGU HÒJTGPŋ $GECWUG VJKU TGIKQP YCU KP PGGF QH C RNCEG QH VTCFG C OKPV YCU UGV WR KP %QTXG[ HQT VJG DGPGHKV QH VJG OQPMU YJQ YKNN CNUQ TGEGKXG KVU RTQHKV 'UVCDNKUJKPI VJKU OKPV KU VQ GPEQWTCIG VTCFG CPF KV YKNN UWTGN[ TGUWNV KP VJG GUVCDNKUJOGPV CPF QRGTCVKQP QH C OCTMGV

HTQO $GTIJCWU &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPI KP 8GEJVC $GKVT·IG \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV 8GEJVC R

*'4/#00 + XQP *1.6'

5VGTNKPI # *GCF QH 5V 8KVWU N KP SWCVTGHQKN 5#0%685 8+685 4 .QPI FQWDNG DCPFGF ETQUU QP SWCVTGHQKN %84 $'+ #%+ 8+2 +NKUEJ %QTXG[ R 9GKPI %QTXG[ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ %CRRG 6H 5NI (ÒTUVGPDGTI #EEQTFKPI VQ 9GKPI·TVPGT VJG TGXGTUG VGZV UJQWNF GPF YKVJ C 6 YJKEJ KU EQORTGJGPUKDNG *GTG JQYGXGT VJGTG ENGCTN[ KU C 2 9GKPI·TVPGT TGHTCKPU HTQO CVVTKDWVKPI VJKU EQKP CPF UWEEKPEVN[ PQVGU NCEMKPI VJG CDDQVŉU PCOG 6JKU KU C HCKVJHWN EQR[ QH VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU QH %PWV VJG 3WCVTGHQKN V[RG YJKEJ YCU UVTWEM DGVYGGP CPF 5JQWNF VJKU EQKP PQV DG FCVGF VQ C OWEJ GCTNKGT RGTKQF! +V UGGOU JKIJN[ KORTQDCDNG VJCV VJKU 'PINKUJ V[RG YQWNF UVKNN DG KOKVCVGF CHVGT VYQ EGPVWTKGU 'XGT[ KPUVCPEG QH VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU QH #GVJGNTGF QT %PWV DGKPI KOKVCVGF KP 0QTVJGTP )GTOCP[ HKVVGF VJG VKOGHTCOG QH VJGKT RTQVQV[RGU UGG HQT KPUVCPEG 5VCFG

125

MINDEN

*'+04+%* +++ X *1/$74)

2HGPPKI *ÌZVGT # #DDQV HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT QP VJTQPG 4 0KODCVG JGCF QH 5V 8KVWU HCEKPI 5# 0685 8+6+5 /#ő +NKUEJ %QTXG[ R 9GKPI %QTXG[ IT 44 5OCNN UETCVEJGU CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JG QDXGTUG VGZV UJQWNF TGCF UQOGVJKPI VQ VJG GSWKXCNGPV QH *'+04%85 #$$

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

1661 +++ XQO $'4)'

&GPCT # $WUV QH 5V 2GVTWU HCEKPI YKVJ MG[ CPF ETQUU 4 6YQ QXCN EQCV QH CTOU VYQ MG[U /KPFGP CPF YKPI QH CP GCING $GTIG 5NI $QPJQHH 5VCPIG IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ #EEQORCPKGF D[ CP QNF ECTF QH 'WIGP 5GNKIOCPP KP /CPPJGKO RTKEGU YGTG VJGP UVKNN KP OCTMU 6JG ECTF TGHGTTGF VQ 5VCPIG CPF 5NI 9G[ICPF EQWNF VJCV DG VJKU EQKP!

126

LIPPE

'&'.*'44'0 HTQO VJG .+22' +P YG HKPF VJG HKTUV OGPVKQP QH VJG CTGC CTQWPF .KRRUVCFV VJKU RNCEG QYGU KVU GZKUVGPEG VQ VJG *GT TGPJQH *GTOGNKPIJQH QH *GTOCPP + \WT .KRRG #HVGT $GTPJCTF ++ CPF JKU ITCPFUQP $GTPJCTF +++ EQPUKUVGPVN[ GZRCPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[

.KRRUVCFV .GOIQ $NQODGTI CPF &GVOQNF $[ QEEWR[KPI EJKGH GEENGUKCUVKECN RQUKVKQPU KP VJG 0QTVJ )GTOCP FKQEGUGU CWVJQTKV[ GZVGPFGF HWTVJGT CPF HWTVJGT 6JKU JQWUG UWRRNKGF COQPIUV QVJGTU VJG DKUJQRU QH 7VTGEJV 1VVQ ++ 2CFGTDQTP $GTPJCTF +8 5KOQP + $GTPJCTF 8 CPF 5KOQP +++ $TGOGP )GTJCTF ++ /ÒPUVGT 1VVQ ++ CPF VJG CDDGUU QH *GTHQTF )GTVTWF 6JG TKIJV QH OKPV FCVGU VQ 7PFGT 5KOQP + 5EJYCNGPDGTI YCU CESWKTGF KP CPF KP 5VGTPDGTI #HVGT 5KOQP + VJG VGTTK VQT[ YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ &GVOQNF CPF .KRRUVCFV 4JGFC

$'40*#4& +++

5VGTNKPI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG $'40J#4&85 +++ 4 &QWDNG DCPFGF NQPI ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 4'+ #8& 10. 80& )TQVG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN )TQVG /ÒP\UVWFKGP 8 +P ECV 9GYGNGT .GW 1EVQDGT VJG UCOG EQKP QEEWTU WPFGT PQ 2HGPPKI 5VGTNKPI CRRTQZ WPURGEKHKGF .KRRG OKPV ŋ&GT /ÒP\OGKUVGT 4GPCWF 4GIKPCNF FG %CPVWCTKC YWTFG GTUV 'PFG /ÒP\OGKUVGT KP .QPFQP 5GKPG 6·VKIMGKV KP FGT .QPFQPGT /ÒP\UV·VVG Y·JTVG DKU KPU ,CJT UKGJG 4 * / &QNNG[ KP 6JG 0WOKUOCVKE %JTQPKENG 5GTKG $F .QPFQP 5 WPF &QNNG[ 5GCD[ 5 &KG NKRRKUEJGP 0CEJDKPFWPIGP UGKPGT 5VGTNKPIG GPVUVCPFGP HQNINKEJ MGKPGUHCNNU XQT FKGUGO ,CJT GJGT UR·VGT 1D FKGUG NKRRKUEJG 2T·IWPI PQEJ WPVGT $GTPJCTF +++ GTHQNIVG QFGT CDGT DGTGKVU WPVGT $GTPJCTF +8 N·UUV UKEJ KO #WIGPDNKEM PQEJ PKEJV FGHKPKVKX GPVUEJGKFGP +JN 5VGTNKPIG R

5VGTNKPI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG *'04+%85 4': +++ 4 &QWDNG DCPFGF NQPI ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 4+& #2#! !/& 8+& IT 44 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CPF C NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO CP QNF $GNIKCP EQNNGEVKQP RTGUWOCDN[ EQORQUGF QH VYQ JQCTFU 2GTJCRU HTQO .KRRG 0 , /C[JGY 6YQ 2CTEGNU QH 5VGTNKPIU QP VJG $TWUUGNU /CTMGV 0 %KTE R ŋ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Ō

127

ALPEN

5+/10 +

2HGPPKI .KRRUVCFV # 4QUG QH .KRRG KP VTKCPING YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING '+#. ő ő 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT JGCF 10 )TQVG EH IT 8GT[ HKPG

FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ $QPJQHH KV TGCFU +22' %QWNF VJG EQORNGVG VGZV DG /10'6# .+22'! %H $GTIJCWU 2 #WU FGT NKRRKUEJGP /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG 5V·FVKUEJG 5RCTMCUUG &GVOQNF #WUUVGNNWPIGP \WT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG &GVOQNF PQ CPF $GTIJCWU 2 .KRRUV·FVGT )GNF KO .CWH FGT ,CJTJWPFGTVG .KRRUVCFV R

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

)7/24'%*6 ++

# *GNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV NKQP DGVYGGP VYQ GNGRJCPVŉU VTWPM '4 89' 4 %TQUU YKVJ # . 2 0 KP VJG CPINGU /10'6 & ' # .2'05 IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP 6JGTG KU C 9GKRHGPPKI QH )WORTGEJV ++ QH 0GWGPCJT .QTF QH #NRGP CPF 8QIV QH %QNQIPG 6JKU 9GKRHGPPKI JCU CU NGIGPF )8/2'4 089'0# 6JG RCTVU '4 CPF 89' GZCEVN[ OCVEJ VJKU EQKP 5GG # 0QUU &KG /ÒP\GP XQP ,ÒNKEJ /ÌTU WPF #NRGP PQ

128

HEINSBERG 6JG FWEJ[ .QTTCKPG RQUGF C EQPUVCPV VJTGCV VQ VJG )GTOCP GORGTQTU VJG TGCUQP VJCV VJG[ UQOGVKOGU CRRQKPVGF PQ FWMG CPF TWNGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ VJGOUGNXGU UGG WPFGT .QTTCKPG 'ORGTQT *GPT[ ++ CNUQ UQWIJV VQ EQWPVGTDCNCPEG VJG FWMGU QH .QTTCKPG KP JG ITCPVGF QPG )GTJCTF HTQO VJG JQWUG QH #PVQKPI 9CUUGPDGTI CPF -NGXG KP HKGH 6JKU JQWUG HQTOGF VJG DCUKU HQT VJG GOGTIGPEG QH QVJGT VGTTKVQTKGU KP KVU RTQZKOKV[ 1TKIKPCVQTU QH VJG NKPG QH FGUEGPV YGTG VYQ DTQVJGTU 6JG QNFGUV DTQVJGT )GTJCTF DGECOG VJG RTQIGPKVQT QH )WGNFGTU VJG [QWPIGT DTQVJGT 4WVICT VJG RTQIGPK VQT QH %NGXGU )GTJCTF ++ TGEGKXGF 9CUUGPDGTI CU CP KORGTKCN HKGH *KU ITCPFUQP )GTJCTF +++ VJGP DGECOG EQWPV QH 9CUUGPDGTI CPF )WGNFGTU CHVGT YJKEJ VJG PGZV IGPGTCVKQP )WGNFGTU WPFGT )GTJCTF +8 YJQ YGFFGF +TOICTF JGKTGUU QH <WVRJGP UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT )WGNFGTU CPF 9CUUGPDGTI WPFGT ,WVVC YJQ YGFFGF 9CNTCO +++ QH .KODWTI UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT .KODWTI YQWNF IQ VJGKT QYP YC[U 4WFICT TGEGKXGF %NGXGU CU CP KORGTKCN HKGH HTQO YJKEJ VJG JQWUG QH VJG EQWPVU QH %NGXGU YQWNF URTKPI )QUYKP + UQP QH )GTJCTF ++ KP VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ HQWPFGF VJG *QWUG *GKPUDGTI #PVQKPI

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ÒNKEJ HQT QPG HQWTVJ +P 9KNNKCO +8 QH ,ÒNKEJ KPJGT KVGF *GKPUDGTI CPF KOOGFKCVGN[ VTCFGF VJG VYQ CRRWTVGPCPV VGTTKVQTKGU &KGUV CPF 5KEJGO HQT 0CUUCW &KNNGPDWTI

&+'64+%* +++ ŋ*GTTŌ QH *GKPUDGTI EQWPV QH .QQ\

6WTPQUG *GKPUDGTI # %J³VGN VQWTPQKU 6841085 %+8+5 YKVJKP DQTFGT QH CTEJGU GPENQUKPI NKU 4 +PPGT EKTENG &05 *'+05$'4 CTQWPF ETQUU $0&+%68 ⁄ 5+6 ⁄ 01/' ⁄ &0+ ⁄ 04+ ⁄ &'+ ⁄ +*8 ⁄ :2+ .WECU /GPCFKGT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 2GNNGV YKVJKP VJG 5 QH %+8+5

129

HEINSBERG

)1&(4+'& +++ XQP &#.'0$41%- .QTF QH *GKPUDGTI EQWPV QH .QQ\ CPF %JKP[ )QFHTKGF +++ QH &CNGPDTQEM KPJGTKVGF VJG HKGH *GKPUDGTI QH JKU WPENG &KGVTKEJ +++ *G YCU CNUQ EQWPV QH .QQ\ CPF %JKP[ DWV JG UQNF JKU TKIJVU VQ VJG EQWPV[ QH .QQP VQ #TPQNF QH 4WOOGP KP +P JG VTCPUHGTTGF VJG HKGH $NCPMGPDGTI VQ 9KNNKCO ++ &WMG QH ,ÒNKEJ CPF RNGFIGF )CPIGNVG CPF 8WEJV 9CNFHGWEJV CU C NKGP VQ 'FYCTF QH )WGNFGTU YJQ KP VJG UCOG [GCT EGFGF VJGO VQ ,QJP QH /QGTU )QFHTKGF QH &CNGPDTQEM JCF EQKPU UVTWEM KP #XKQVJ HQT %JKP[ 0KGFGT &QNNGP FQTH QP VJG 4JKPG )CPIGNV )GKNGPMKTEJGP *CUUGNV HQT VJG EQWPV[ .QQ\ *GKPUDGTI *QPPGH QP VJG 4JKPG CPF 9CUUGPDGTI

5VGTNKPI $TCDCPVKPWU 9CUUGPDGTI # 5JKGNF YKVJ HQWT NKQPU QH $TCDCPV .KODWTI )1& (4+& 85 &0 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU /10'6# ë 9# 55' 0$ .WECU /GPCFKGT IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG JQCTF QH 6KTNGOQPV ,WUV CU VJG QVJGT NQTFU KP VJG TGIKQP DGVYGGP VJG TKXGTU /GWUG CPF 4JKPG )QFHTKGF KOKVCVGF VJG $TCDCPV UVGTNKPIU QH ,QJP +++ YKVJ C UJQTV HNQTKCVGF ETQUU QP VJG TGXGTUG CPF VJG NGIGPFU /10'6# .18#0+'5 /10'6# 64#+'%60 5 /10'6# *#.'05+5 UVTWEM DGVYGGP CPF KP .GWXGP $TWUUGNU /CCUVTKEJV CPF *CNGP

FG 9KVVG )JKLUUGPU 'UUCK FG ENCUUGOGPV R CPF RN 'SWKXCNGPV NGIGPFU YGTG EQRKGF QP VJG DTCDCPVKPK KP VJG OKPV UVWFKQU QH *GKPUDGTI CPF 9CUUGPDGTI 'NUGP

,1*#00 +

*GNNGT 5EJQQPXQTUV CTQWPF # (KXG UJKGNFU *GKPUDGTI .ÌYGPUEJKNF KP VJG OKFFNG &QRRGN CFNGTUEJKNF CDQXG .QQ\ $CNMGPUEJKNF T ,ÒNKEJ .ÌYGPUEJKGNF N 5RQPJGKO 5EJCEJDTGVV WPFGTPGCVJ /1 01 5% 84 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF + 1 * 5 KP VJG CPINGU .WECU /GPCFKGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG )CPU #TPUDGTI 7PGFKVGF /GPCFKGT FGUETKDGU C )QNFIWNFGP PQ YKVJQWV C RKEVWTG CNUQ 4$0 HKI YKVJ C UKOKNCT TGXGTUG #EEQTFKPI VQ )CPUŉ EQOOGPV VJKU EQKP YCU WPMPQYP RTKQT VQ VJG FKUEQXGT[ QH VJKU JQCTF +P KV HQWPF QP VJG DQTFGT DGVYGGP *GUUGP CPF 6JWTKPIKC YGTG URGEKOGPU

130

RANDERATH-MÖRS

4#0&'4#6* 6JG HKGH 4CPFGTQFG 4CPFGTCVJ YCU UKVWCVGF QP VJG NGHV DCPM QH VJG 4WJT DGVYGGP ,ÒNKEJ CPF *GKPUDGTI +P *CTVDGTV QH 4CPFGTCVJ YCU HKTUV OGPVKQPGF 6JG HKGH YCU DGUVQYGF D[ #TEJDKUJQR *GTOCPP +++ QH %QNQIPG (TQO VJCV OQOGPV KVU NQTFU YGTG XCUUCNU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE QH %QNQIPG #TPQNF +++ ITCPVGF )QVHTKGF +++ QH *GKPUDGTI EGTVCKP TKIJVU VQ .KPIGP *KU ITCPFUQP #TPQNF +++ CESWKTGF VJG (TQJPJQH .KPPKEJ HTQO VJG CDDG[ 2TÒO KP %QPVGPVKQP CTQUG YKVJ )QVHTKGF +++ QH *GKPUDGTI C FKURWVG KP YJKEJ 9KNNKCO ++ QH ,ÒNKEJ OGFKCVGF 9JGP #TPQNF +++ FKGF KP JG NGHV JKU FCWIJVGT /CTKC JGKTGUU 6JG QPN[ KUUWG HTQO JGT OCTTKCIG KP VWTP YCU CPQVJGT FCWIJVGT CPF /CTKC EQPUGSWGPVN[ UQNF 4CPFGTCVJ VQ VJG FWMG QH ,ÒNKEJ KP

#401.& +++

5VGTNKPI $TCDCPVKPWU .KPPKEJ # 5JKGNF YKVJ HQWT NKQPU QH $TCDCPV .KODWTI Z ő (4+ &85+ 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU /10'6# ë 018# ë .0 .WECU /GPCFKGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 'FIG HCWNV CPF HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG JQCTF 6KTNGOQPV 7PRWDNKUJGF +OKVCVKQP QH VJG UVGTNKPI QH )QFHTKGF QH &CNGPDTQEM .QTF QH *GKPUDGTI UGG PQ 6JGTG YG HKPF VJG VGZVU )1&'(4+&85 CPF /10'6# 018# 9#5 5'0$'4) 1P VJKU URGEKOGP (4+&85+ KU ENGCTN[ NGIKDNG YJKNG QP VJG TGXGTUG 9#5 KU TGRNCEGF YKVJ .0 HQT .KPPKEJ

/¤45 6JG 'FGNJGTTGP QH /ÌTU CTG FQEWOGPVGF UKPEG 6JG[ UWEEGGFGF KP DWKNFKPI C UOCNN FQOKPKQP DG VYGGP %QNQIPG %NGXGU CPF )WGNFGTU 4GCN UKIPKHKECPEG UVCTVU YJGP VJGUG PQDNGOGP DGECOG KPXQNXGF KP VJG )WGNFGTU ,ÒNKEJ UWEEGUUKQPCN YCT KP VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ $GUKFG VJG EQWPVU (TGFGTKEM ++ CPF &KGVTKEJ +8 VJG VJKTF DTQVJGT ,QJP DGECOG VJG OCKP HKIWTG #HVGT (TGFGTKEM ++ OCTTKGF 9CNRWTIC

UKUVGT QH VJG %QNQIPG CTEJDKUJQR (TGFGTKEM QH 5CCTYGTFGP 5CCTYGTFGP EQWNF DG CFFGF VQ VJG EQWPV[ 6JGKT EJKNFTGP CNN JGNF KORQTVCPV QHHKEGU HQT KPUVCPEG &KGVTKEJ CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG 9CNTCO CU VJG EQWPVGTDKUJQR KP 7VTGEJV CPF KP /ÒPUVGT *GPT[ CU DKUJQR QH /ÒPUVGT CPF (TGFGTKEM +++ YJQ YCU OCKPN[ C FKRNQOCV 1P VJG QPG JCPF VJG UVTWIING KP )WGNFGTU ECWUGF VJG TKUG QH /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP QP VJG QVJGT JCPF KV NGF VQ VJGKT HCNN CU YGNN %QWPV 8KPEGPV LQKPGF TCPMU YKVJ &WMG #FQNH QH )WGNFGTU NQUV VQ %JCTNGU VJG $QNF CPF VJWU NQUV PGCTN[ CNN JKU RQUUGUUKQPU +P VJG EQWPV[ WNVKOCVGN[ ECOG VQ CP GPF

(4+'&4+%* ++

*GNNGT # 5JKGNF QH /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP 4 %TQUU YKVJ UVCT KP SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF ( & + ) KP VJG CPINGU 0QUU IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CPF C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF %CNNU JKOUGNH )TCH 9GFFGF VQ 9CNDWTI )T·HKP X 5CCTYGTFGP FCWIJVGT QH *GKPTKEJ XQP 5CCTYGTFGP Ŏ *KU DTQVJGT YCU (TKGFTKEJ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG

131

VALKENBURG (4+'&4+%* +++

9GKRHGPPKI /ÌTU # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V #PFTGCU HCEKPI WPFGT IQVJKE FCKU (4'& % $ /1+45

< 58&ŉ 4 5JKGNF QH /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ VJTGG UOCNNGT UJKGNFU KP VJG CPINGU /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP CPF VTGHQKN /10'6 #018# /1'45 0QUU IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

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ŉU UKUVGT 2JKNKRRC JCF VQ ECNN QP 4GKPJCTF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV YJQ VJWU DGECOG NQTF QH 8CNMGPDWTI *GCF QH VJKU JQWUG YCU ,QJP QH 5KVVCTF 9JGP JG FKGF KP JKU EQWUKP 9CNTCO QH 5RQPJGKO ENCKOGF VJG HKGH YJKEJ RTQORVGF 4GKPCNF VQ UGNN KV VQ 9KNNKCO QH ,ÒNKEJ 6JKU TGUWNVGF KP VJG GNGXCVKQP QH VJG VGTTKVQT[ 8CNMGPDWTI VQ EQWPV[ D[ 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 6JGP 8CNMGPDWTI YGPV VQ 9CNTCO QH 5KVVCTF DWV JG EGFGF KV VQ ,GCPPG CPF 9GPEGUNCU QH $TCDCPV +P ,GCPPG RNGFIGF KV VQ 2JKNKR VJG $QNF QH (NCPFGTU YJQ KP VWTP RNGFIGF KV VQ (TGFGTKEM +++ QH /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP KP 6JG QNF NKPG 8CNMGPDWTI YCU D[ VJGP NQPI GZVKPEV

(4+'&4+%* +++

9GKRHGPPKI (CNMGPDGTI # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V #PFTGCU HCEKPI WPFGT IQVJKE FCKU (4'& % $ /1+45 < 58&5 4 5JKGNF QH /ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ VJTGG UOCNNGT UJKGNFU KP VJG CPINGU

/ÌTU 5CCTYGTFGP CPF VTGHQKN /10'6 018# 8#.-$ 0QUU IT 4 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP KU KFGPVKECN VQ PQ CUCXG HQT VJG GPF QH VJG VGZV YJKEJ TGCFU /QGTU CPF 8CNMGPDWTI

132

SCHOONVORST-ELSLOO

5%*11081456 5EJQQPXQTUV NC[ LWUV UQWVJ QH #CEJGP 6JG HKTUV HKIWTG YG GPEQWPVGT 4CUQ + .QTF QH 5EJÌPCW #TQWPF YG UGG JKU UQP ,QJP /CUEJCTGN CU NQTF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV *KU DTQVJGT 4CUQ ++ /CUEJCTGN UWDUGSWGPVN[ YCU NQTF QH 5EJÌPCW 4CUQ ++ JCF VYQ UQPU 4CUQ +++ /CUEJCTGN YJQ DGECOG NQTF QH 5EJÌPCW CPF 4GKPJCTFV + YJQ YCU VQ DGEQOG NQTF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV 6JKU 4GKPJCTFV + KP VWTP CNUQ JCF VYQ UQPU 4GKPJCTFV ++ DGEQOKPI NQTF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV CPF %QPTCF + YJQ DGECOG NQTF QH 'NUNQQ +P 5EJQQPXQTUV HGNN VQ *GKPUDGTI ,QJP + UGG PQ

4'0#7& ++

)TQQV # 5JKGNF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ UVCTU KP VJG CPINGU 4'+0#4& &' 5%*10'81456 4 /10'6# 5%1081 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF :2% 8+0%+6 :2% 4')0#6 :2% +02 .WECU IT 4 5PCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

)TQQV # 5JKGNF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV 4'0#4& Z &' 5%181456 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU /10'6# 5%181456 .WECU IT 44 (NCP ETCEM CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

'.5.11 'NUNQQ YCU CP QNF HKGH QH $TCDCPV +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV DGECOG CP KPFGRGPFGPV HKGH +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV YGPV VQ 5EJQQPXQTUV YJGP ,GCPPG QH 9KNFGPDGTI OCTTKGF 4GKPCWF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV 6JGKT ITCPFUQP YCU %QPTCF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV #V CDQWV VJG UCOG VKOG ,QJP QH $WPFG NQTF QH $QEJQNV CPF $TQIGN TWNGF KP 5EJQQPXQTUV YJQ GZGTEKUGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP 'NUNQQ %QPTCF ++ QPN[ JCF C FCWIJVGT /CT[ YJQ YGFFGF ,GCP FG )CXGTG .QTF QH *GGVXGNFG .CVGT 'NUNQQ HGNN VQ VJG HCOKN[ #TDGTI CPF ;CNKPIGP

%104#& ++ XQP 5%*11081456

&WDDGNG OKLV # 5JKGNF QH *GKPUDGTI YKVJ UOCNNGT UJKGNF QH 5EJQQPXQTUV KP EGPVTG -105 &' 5%1081'456 4 %TQUU YKVJ ' KP VJG EGPVTG /10 G 018# G &' G *'.5 G .WECU E IT 44 #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

133

KLEVE

-.'8' /#4- ,ª.+%* $'4) 4#8'05$'4) %NGXGU /CTM ,ÒNKEJ $GTI CPF 4CXGPUDGTI ITGY VQIGVJGT ITCFWCNN[ WPVKN VJG[ JCF DGEQOG YJQNN[ WPKVGF CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JKU WPKQP QH EQWTUG NGHV KVU OCTMU QP EQKPCIG OQTG URGEKHKECNN[ QP NGIGPFU CPF CTOU /CTM %NGXGU 6JG VKVNGU DQTPG D[ VJG TWNKPI JQWUG CTG VJCV QH %NGXGU CU YGNN CU VJCV QH /CTM 6JG CTOU EQODKPG VJG CTOU QH %NGXGU CPF /CTM )GNTG ,ÒNKEJ 9KNNKCO ++ CPF +++ QPN[ DQTG VJG VKVNG ,ÒNKEJ 4GKPCNF DQVJ ,ÒNKEJ CPF )WGNFGTU 9KVJ TGICTF VQ VJG CTOU 9KNNKCO ++ CPF +++ QPN[ WUGF VJG CTOU QH ,ÒNKEJ 4GKPCNF VJG CTOU QH ,ÒNKEJ CPF QH )WGNFGTU 9JGP )WGNFGTU KP EQPVKPWGF D[ KVUGNH #TPQNF GPVKTGN[ KNNGIKVKOCVGN[ TGVCKPGF VJG VKVNG FWMG QH ,ÒNKEJ CU YGNN CU KVU CTOU QP JKU EQKPU 'XGP %JCTNGU QH 'IOQPF YQWNF EQPVKPWG VQ FQ UQ $GTI 4CXGPUDGTI 6JG VKVNG DQTPG KU VJCV QH $GTI 6JG CTOU CTG VJQUG QH $GTI CU YGNN CU VJQUG QH 4CXGPUDGTI ,ÒNKEJ $GTI 4CXGPUDGTI 6JG VKVNGU CTG QH ,ÒNKEJ CPF QH $GTI 6JG CTOU KPEQTRQTCVG VJQUG QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI CPF 4CXGPUDGTI 6JG CTOU CTG YJCV EJCTCEVGTKUGU VJG UGXGTCN EQKP V[RGU 6JTGG QH VJGO DGCT C NKQP VJG VCKN QH YJKEJ KU VJG UQNG KPFKECVKQP QH YJKEJ VGTTKVQT[ YG CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ VJGUG CTOU CTG QHVGP UQ UOCNN VJCV KV KU JCTF VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ VJKU HGCVWTG %1706; -.'8' 6JG EQWPVU QH %NGXGU CPF )WGNFGTU URTWPI HTQO VJG NKPG #PVQKPI YJKEJ JGNF 9CUUGPDGTI CPF %NGXGU KP HKGH 1H DQVJ DTQVJGTU 4WVICT YCU VQ DGEQOG EQWPV QH %NGXGU UGG WPFGT ŋ$GVYGGP 4JKPG CPF /GWUGŌ 6JG HKTUV EQWPV YG MPQY HTQO C FGGF HTQO KU C EGTVCKP EQOGU 6JKGFGTKEXU FG %NGXG 6JG VGTTK VQT[ GPEQORCUUGF VJG 4GKEJUYCNF DGVYGGP -CNMCT CPF /QPVGTDGTI (TQO VJG VGTTKVQT[ YCU RTQ VGEVGF HTQO VJG ECUVNG %NGXGU +P VJG DGIKPPKPI VJGUG EQWPVU EQWNF EQWPV QP VJG UWRRQTV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG DWV CHVGT VKGU YGTG UGXGTGF 7VTGEJV YCU VWTPGF VQ 6JG CESWKUKVKQP QH VJG 9CNFITCHUEJCHV HQTGUV EQWPV[ 9GUGN ICXG VJGUG EQWPVU C HQQVJQNF QP VJG 4JKPG NGHV DCPM (TQO VJGTG VJG FQOKPKQP YCU GZRCPFGF (QWPFGF YGTG 9GUGN %NGXGU -CNMCT CPF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ &KPUNCMGP -TCPGPDGTI CPF *WKUUGP COQPIUV QVJGTU 134

KLEVE +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG RGTKRJGTKE RQUUGUUKQPU DGVYGGP VJG TKXGTU /GWUG CPF 9CCN YGTG CDCPFQPGF CPF GHHQTVU YGTG HTQO VJGP QP HQEWUUGF QP VJG VGTTKVQT[ QH .KRRG CPF 4WJT +P VJG NCUV EQWPV ,QJP FKGF /CTICTGVJC FCWIJVGT QH &KGVTKEJ +: C DTQVJGT QH ,QJPÅ&#x2030;U YCU OCTTKGF VQ #FQNH ++ %QWPV QH VJG /CTM 6JGKT UQP #FQNH + +++ VJGP DGECOG EQWPV QH /CTM CPF %NGXGU *KU UQP #FQNH ++

+8 DGECOG FWMG QH %NGXGU KP 6JG OCTTKCIG QH VJG ITGCVITCPFUQP QH #FQNH +8 ,QJP +++ VQ /CTKC JGKTGUU QH ,Ã&#x2019;NKEJ $GTI KP GXGPVWCNN[ NGF VQ %NGXGU /CTM ,Ã&#x2019;NKEJ $GTI CPF 4CXGPUDGTI DGEQOKPI WPKVGF 9JGP VJG DCVVNG CICKPUV VJG FWMG QH )WGNFGTU YCU LQKPGF KP /QGTU YCU NQUV *QYGXGT CHVGT VJG 5QGUV (GWF 5QGUV CPF :CPVGP YGTG CPPGZGF +P UGXGTCN QVJGT VGTTKVQTKGU YGTG CPPGZGF D[ VJKU F[PCUV[ YJKEJ GPLQ[GF RTQVGEVKQP CU C UCVGNNKVG QH $WTIWPF[

&+'64+%* 8+

2HGPPKI # *GCF T YKVJ YGD QP KV ECR QH VJG EQWPVU QH *QNNCPF! 6 +&5 6*'1&'4+%85 4 &QWDNG DCPFGF ETQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU KP QPG CPING RGNNGV 01 6 0QUU IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV QP VJG TGXGTUG KU C FKTGEV EQR[ QH VJCV QP VJG &WVEJ RHGPPKIG *1..#06 +OKVCVKQP QH C (NQTKU +8 QH *QNNCPF EQKP 6[RG X* UVTWEM CHVGT 6JKU PQ KU CP KOKVCKQP QH C &WVEJ EQKP YG UGG VJG UCOG KP ,Ã&#x2019;NKEJ VJQWIJ VJG TGKIP QH )GTJCTF YCU EQPUKFGTCDN[ NCVGT +P VJG ECUG QH VJG PGZV PQ 7VTGEJV KPUVGCF QH *QNNCPF EQKPU YGTG KOKVCVGF VJG EQKPU CTG KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG )WGNFGTU EQKPU TCVJGT YJKEJ CNUQ VTCPURKTGU HTQO VJG NQYGT EQKP UVCPFCTF CPF KU KP NKPG YKVJ VJG QTKGPVCVKQP QH %NGXGU VQYCTFU 7VTGEJV .CVGT 9GUVRJCNKC YQWNF TCVJGT DG NQQMGF VQ

2HGPPKI *WKUUGP ! # %QWPV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF NKU 6'1&'4+%85 4 %TQUU YKVJ 2 # : KP VJG CPINGU '# 86 0QUU IT 44 9GNN EGPVGTGF CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ (TQO C .GGWYCTFGP JQCTF PQ ,/2 R -Ã&#x2019;PMGT OGPVKQPU *WKUUGP CU C RQUUKDNG OKPV 6JG TGXGTUG VGZV KPFKECVGU CP KOKVCVKQP #P CTVKENG QP .GGWYCTFGP RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI 6JG NGVVGT ' JCU VJG UCOG FGXKCVKPI HQTO VJG KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG 0KLOGIGP V[RG JCU YJKEJ VTCEGU CNN KOKVCVKQPU DCEM VQ VJG UCOG OKPVKPI UVWFKQ 0Q JQCTF JCU RTQFWEGF KOKVCVKQPU UKOKNCT VQ VJGUG CU HCT CU + MPQY 6JKU WPQHHKEKCN OKPVKPI YQTMUJQR YCU RQUUKDN[ UKVWCVGF YKVJKP VJG XKEKPKV[ QH VJG EKVKGU QH 0KLOGIGP CPF %NGXGU YJKEJ CTG QPN[ MO CRCTV 6JG PWODGTU CPF CNN JCXG EGTVCKP EJCTCEVGTKUVKEU KP EQOOQP 6JG QDXGTUG HKIWTG KU VJG UCOG QP GCEJ QH VJGUG CPF QP CNN HQWT KV KU JQNFKPI C UJKGNF YKVJ VJTGG DCTU 6JKU KU CNUQ HQWPF KP )WGNFGTU YKVJ 1VVQ ++

+P )WGNFGTU YG CNUQ GPEQWPVGT VJG UYQTF JQYGXGT VJGTG KU C VYKI VQ VJG TKIJV QP VJQUG YJGTGCU JGTG VJGTG CTG C NKU UEGRVTG HQWT FQVU CPF C ETQUU 6JG TGXGTUGU CTG CNYC[U VJG UCOG GZEGRV QP 6JG ETQUU YKVJ 2#: YG FQ PQV HKPF KP )WGNFGTU DWV YKVJ &KTM 8++ QH *QNNCPF CPF QP VJG &GXGPVGT EQKPU QH *GPT[ QH 8KCPFGP $KUJQR QH 7VTGEJV

0KLOGIGP KPXCTKCDN[ JCU #8' KP VJG CPINGU QH VJG ETQUU

2HGPPKI -NGXG # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU 6' 1&'4+%85 4 %TQUU YKVJ 2 # : Q KP VJG CPINGU %8+8 0QUU IT 44 #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG *KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 2HGPPKI CHVGT &WVEJ GZCORNG 6JG ECVCNQIWG QH *KTUEJ ICXG -CNMCT DWV + VJKPM VJG NGVVGTU OWEJ TCVJGT KPFKECVG %NGXGU

2HGPPKI -CNMCT # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU 6'1 &'4+%85 4 %TQUU YKVJ 2 # : Q KP VJG CPINGU 86%# 0QUU IT 44 9GNN EGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG *QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG 1P VJG ITQWPFU QH VJG UECTEG TGXGTUG NGIGPF + VGPF VQ -CNMCT 6JKU EQKPÅ&#x2030;U UV[NG KU OWEJ HKPGT VJCP VJCV QH PQ

135

KLEVE

2HGPPKI 9GUGN # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU %85 &' %. 4 &QWDNG DCPFGF ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJTGG CPINGU CPF QPG CPPWNGV %+8+6 9'5'. 0QUU IT 44 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JGTG KU CPQVJGT % DGHQTG %+8+6 VQ O[ OKPF

1661 +++

5VGTNKPI *WKUUGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP /10'6# %.'8'0 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ * 8 5 ' KP VJG CPINGU + 166*1 + %1/'5 0QUU IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG %QKP +PX .KUUG #WEVKQP PQ (QWPF KP 9CTPUXGNF +OKVCVKQP QH VJG $TCDCPV UVGTNKPI $TCDCPVKPWU

,1*#00 +

)TQUEJGP 9GUGN # 5JKGNF QH -NGXG KP VTGHQKN YKVJ TQUGU KP VJG CPINGU +1*#00'5 ⁄ %1/'5 &' %.'8' ⁄ 4 /10'6# ⁄ 9'5'. ⁄ CTQWPF ETQUU $0&8%68 ⁄ 5+6 ⁄ 01/' ⁄ &0+ ⁄ 04+ ⁄ +*8 ⁄ :2+ 0QUU IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 9G UGG VJCV VJG ŋ&QTFTGEJV TQUGUŌ CTG OCKPVCKPGF QP VJG ITQUEJGP CU YGNN

136

MARK

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Â½IG CPF /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT 9KVJ VJG FGCVJ QH #TEJDKUJQR 'PIGNDGTV KP KVU KPHNWGPEG EGCUGF +P VJG UCOG [GCT %NGXGU KPXCFGF /CTM ;GV YJGP KP VJG F[PCUV[ QH VJG EQWPVU QH %NGXGU DGECOG GZVKPEV KV YCU VJG EQOKVCN JQWUG QH /CTM QP YJKEJ DQVJ EQOKVCN VKVNGU FGXQNXGF D[ OCTTKCIG QH VJG JGKTGUU CPF YJKEJ YQWNF EQPVKPWG CU VJG JQWUG QH VJG EQWPVU QH /CTM CPF %NGXGU #FQNH +++ +P /CTM %NGXGU ,Ã&#x2019;NKEJ $GTI CPF 4CXGPUDGTI YGTG WPKVGF

#&1.2* +

5VGTNKPI +UGTNQJP # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUU #&1.(85 %1 4 %TQUU YKVJ HQWT RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU /1 0'6# +0 +5 5NI .GLGWPG IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ +OKVCVKQP QH VJG 'PINKUJ RGPP[ QH *GPT[ +++ YKVJ UEGRVTG VJG UQ ECNNGF UJQTV ETQUU V[RG UVTWEM WPVKN 6JG HQWT FQVU CTG EQPPGEVGF LWUV CU KP 'PINCPF YJGTG VJKU YCU VGTOGF SWCVTGHQKN

'0)'.$'46 +

2HGPPKI +UGTNQJP # %QWPV QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF CPF NKU '0)'. $'46 85 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU +Å&#x2018;Å&#x2018; 6#5 5NI .GLGWPG IT 4 (NCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

2HGPPKI +UGTNQJP # %QWPV QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF CPF NKU 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU 5NI .GLGWPG /GPCFKGT IT 44 9GNN EGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

'$'4*#4&

2HGPPKI +UGTNQJP # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF DTCPEJ TJQODG QP DTGCUV 4 $WUV QH 5V 2CPETCVKWU HCEKPI KP GFKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU 5NI .GLGWPG IT 9GNN EGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

137

KLEVE-MARK '0)'.$'46 ++

2HGPPKI +UGTNQJP # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF DTCPEJ SWCVTGHQKN QP DTGCUV 4 %QCV QH CTOU QH /CTM 5NI .GLGWPG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP

&7%*; -.'8' /#4- #&1.( +8 #FQNH +8 KP DGECOG FWMG QH %NGXGU TGOCKPGF %QWPV KP /CTM

2HGPPKI *CVVKPIGP # 5JKGNF QH -NGXG #&1.2*85 โ %1/'5 โ %.'8' 4 5JKGNF QH /CTM รฐ /10 รฐ '6# *#6 รฐ 6'0')' 5NI .GLGWPG IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 5VTWEM DGHQTG YJGP #FQNH +8 YCU UQNGN[ EQWPV KP %NGXGU

)TQUEJGP # 6JG UJKGNFU QH -NGXG CPF /CTM WPFGT VYQ JGNOGVU #&1.2* &8: %.'8 < %1 /- 4 5JKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ CPING /10'6 018# โ &' %.' 8'05+5 โ 0QUU IT 44 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ 1P TGCFKPI VJG TGXGTUG VGZV 9GUGN KPKVKCNN[ EQOGU VQ OKPF 9'5'.'05+5 DWV VJGUG CT VQQ OCP[ NGVVGTU VQ HKV KP DGVYGGP %QWNF VJKU DG 4'0'05+5 4GPGPU ! 9G CNUQ GPEQWPVGT KV QP PQ 5VTWEM CHVGT YJGP #FQNH +8 YCU FWMG QH %NGXGU

)'4*#4& 9JGP #FQNH +8 KP UWEEGGFGF KP %NGXGU CPF KP KP /CTM JG JCF VQ UWTTGPFGT VJG NCTIGT RCTV QH VJG EQWPV[ VQ JKU DTQVJGT )GTJCTF FWTKPI VJG NCVVGTล U NKHGVKOG

2HGPPKI 7PPC # 5JKGNF QH -NGXG )J'4*#4& &' %.'8' % /#4 4 5JKGNF QH /CTM รฐ /10' รฐ 6# 018 รฐ + 800# 5NI .GLGWPG IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG *QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG (QWPF KP VJG XKEKPKV[ QH 0KLOGIGP

138

KLEVE-MARK ,1*#00 +

9GKRHGPPKI # 5JKGNF QH -NGXG WPFGT UVCT +1*5 Q &8: Q %.+8 Q < Q %1 /#4- 4 5JKGNF QH /CTM QP NQPI ETQUU #001 &0+ / %%%% .::8 .GXKPUQP + 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (TQO NKUV PQ

$TCUURHGPPKI # 6YQ UJKGNFU QH -NGXG CPF /CTM JCPIKPI WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QTPCVG ETGUV QH -NGXG c +1*5 c &8: %.+8'05 c '6 c %1 c /#4- c 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF QPG NKU KP GCEJ CPING #001 c c &1/+ c c / c %%%% .::+: .GXKPUQP + 0QUU IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

,1*#00 ++

5VÒDGT 9GUGN # 5YCP YKVJ FKXKFGF UJKGNF QH -NGXG CPF /CTM +1*5 Q &8: Q %.+8'05 Q < Q %1 Q /#4- 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ 9 ' 5 # KP VJG CPINGU #0 Q &0 /%%%%.:::8 .GXKPUQP + 0QUU C IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG ETQUU CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG TGUGODNGU C )WGNFGTU ETQUU

5EJKNNKPI # $WUV QH 5V *WDGTVWU QXGT FKXKFGF UJKGNF QH -NGXG CPF /CTM % % KP HKGNF Q +1*5 Q &8: Q Q %.+ Q < Q %1 / 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF HQWT UJKGNFU KP VJG CPINGU /ÒP\XGTGKPUYCRGP /CKP\ -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF 2HCN\ /10'6# Q 018# Q 4'0'05 Q 0QUU 5EJWNVGP IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

139

JÜLICH

%1706; ,ª.+%* +P VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG PCOG )GTJCTF GOGTIGU UGG WPFGT ŋ$GVYGGP 4JKPG CPF /GWUGŌ +P QPG )GTJCTF KU FQEWOGPVGF CU %QOGU FG ,WNKEJQ 6JG EQWPVU QH ,ÒNKEJ YGTG ENQUGN[ EQPPGEVGF VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG 9KNNKCO ++ VJTQWIJ JKU YKHG OCPCIGF VQ GZRCPF VJG FQOKPKQP WPVKN VJG 'KHGN /CP[ GZRCPUKQPU YGTG CV VJG GZRGPUG QH VJG CTEJDKUJ QRTKE QH %QNQIPG ECWUKPI VJG ENQUG TGNCVKQPUJKR VQ VWTP UQWT +P %QWPV 9KNNKCO FKGF VJG UV ,ÒNKEJ JQWUG QH EQWPVU YKVJ JKO $[ YC[ QH 9KNNKCOŉ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ŉU UQP 9KNNKCO TGEGKXGF $GTI CPF VJG [QWPIGT UQP QH 9KNNKCO 8 YCU IKXGP ,ÒNKEJ 6JKU NCVVGT DTCPEJ CNUQ TGEGKXGF VJG FWEJ[ QH )WGNFGTU DWV YJGP VJG NKPG GZRKTGF )WGNFGTU YGPV KVU QYP YC[ 6JG XKEVQT[ QXGT $TCDCPV KP VJG $CVVNG CV $CGUYKNNGT KP CPF VJG TGWPKQP YKVJ )WGNFGTU HQTOGF C UKIPKHKECPV RQYGT DNQE YJKEJ YCU GPJCPEGF YJGP GXGP DGHQTG VGTTKVQTKGU UWEJ CU *GKPUDGTI 9CUUGPDGTI CPF /QPUEJCW YGTG CFFGF VQ ,ÒNKEJ 6JG NQUU QH )WGNFGTU KP YCU EQORGPUCVGF HQT D[ VJG WPKQP YKVJ $GTI

6JG *QWUG QH *GKODCEJ )'4*#4& +8 *KU TGKIP YCU EQORNGVGN[ FQOKPCVGF D[ HGWFU YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG *G KU VJG HKTUV EQWPV EQKPU CTG MPQYP QH YKVJ EGTVCKPV[ 6JG[ CTG KOKVCVKQPU QH *QNNCPF CPF $TCDCPV EQKPU 0Q UKPING EQKP KPFKECVGU C OKPV JQYGXGT VJCV VJG[ YGTG CNN UVTWEM KP VJG ECRKVCN ,ÒNKEJ ECP UCHGN[ DG CUUWOGF

2HGPPKI # *GCF N )'4#4&85 %1/'5 +8⁄ 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING +0 ⁄ 01* +0+ &0+ 0QUU C E IT &CTM RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ YGNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ #P KOKVCVKQP QH VJG RHGPPKI QH (NQTKU 8 X* V[RG CHVGT DGHQTG X* QT )TQNNG PQ 1P VJG *QNNCPF URGEKOGPU QH VJKU V[RG QPN[ *QNNCPF KU OGPVKQPGF 6JG TGXGTUG VGZV OGCPU +0 01/+0+ &1/+0+ 6JG HCEG QH VJKU EQKP UGG PQ EQRKGU VJG *QNNCPF EQKP VQ UWEJ CP GZVGPV VJCV KV VJG KFGC QH QPG CPF VJG UCOG FKG EWVVGT FQGU PQV UGGO HCT HGVEJGF VJG NGVVGTU D[ VJG YC[ FKHHGT

2HGPPKI # *GCF N · )'4#4&85 %1/'5 +8. 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ QPG TQUG KP GCEJ CPING 5+)08/ %48%+5 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 6JKU KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG RHGPPKI QH (NQTKU 8 X* V[RG PQ GV UGSS +P NKVGTCVWTG VJKU V[RG QH *QNNCPF EQKP KU CNYC[U CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OKPV &QTFTGEJV 6JG HCEG UGG PQ EQRKGU VJG *QNNCPF EQKP VQ UWEJ CP GZVGPV VJCV KV VJG KFGC QH QPG CPF VJG UCOG FKG EWVVGT FQGU PQV UGGO HCT HGVEJGF VJG NGVVGTU D[ VJG YC[ FKHHGT

5VGTNKPI # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP TCORCPV ) 4#4 % % )8.* ' 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ ) % 1 / KP VJG CPINGU +8. +#% '05 +5 : 0QUU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG %NGCPGF CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ +OKVCVKQP QH C $TCDCPV UVGTNKPI GUVGTNKP QH ,GCP + F9 GV UGSS 6JG QDXGTUG VGZV UJQWNF KV DG TGCF )'4#4 &75 % 1/'5 % !! )7.+- 9CU VJG *QNNCPF XGTUKQP )7.+- KP WUG DGHQTG ,ÒNKEJ! +P C FGGF QH ,WPG VJGTG KU OGPVKQP QH ŋ9KNNKCO XCP )W[NKEŌ

140

JÜLICH-GELDERN

&7%*; ,ª.+%* )'.&'40 9KNNKCO + RNC[GF CP KORQTVCPV RCTV KP VJG TGIKQP QH VJG .QYGT 4JKPG *G YCU VJG DTQVJGT KP NCY QH 'ORGTQT .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP CPF JCF KORQTVCPV EQPPGEVKQPU YKVJ HKPCPEGT 4GKPJCTF QH 5EJÌPHQTUV +P .QWKU GNGXCVGF JKO VQ OCTITCXG CPF KP JG DGECOG FWMG WPFGT 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 6JTGG FKHHGTGPV VKVNGU CPF HQWT OKPVU HGCVWTG QP VJG EQKPU

9+.*'./ ++ +P 9KNNKCO ++ YGFFGF /CTKC QH )GNTG UKUVGT QH VJG FWMGU 'FWCTF CPF 4GKPQWF CPF JGKTGUU VQ )WGNFGTU $[ CNN[KPI YKVJ 'FWCTF QH )WGNFGTU CPF 9KNNKCO QH $GTI JG HGPFGF QHH VJG KPXCUKQP QH &WMG 9GPEGUNCU QH $TCDCPV CPF .WZGODWTI 6JG NCVVGT YCU VCMGP KPVQ ECRVKXKV[ KP 0KFGIIGP JQYGXGT KP VJG $CVVNG QH $CGUYGKNGT 'FWCTF QH )WGNFGTU RGTKUJGF 5QQP CHVGT VJCV 4GKPQWF QH )WGNFGTU FKGF VQQ DQVJ YKVJQWV KUUWG *KU UKUVGTU /CVJKNFG YKFQY QH VJG %QWPV QH %NGXGU CPF /CTKC YKHG QH 9KNNKCO ++ QH ,ÒNKEJ YGTG JKU JGKTU *G VJGP TGNGCUGF 9GPEGUNCU KP QTFGT VQ QDVCKP VJG HCXQWT QH VJG GORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 VJGP UKFGF YKVJ /CTKC YJGTGD[ JKU UQP 9KNNKCO +++ TGEGKXGF VJG FWEJ[ )WGNFGTU JG JKOUGNH TG OCKPGF 8QIV HQT VJG VKOG DGKPI 9KNNKCO ++ UVTWEM OCP[ PGY EQKP V[RGU EJKGHN[ VQ CFCRV VQ FGVGTKQTCVKPI EWTTGPEKGU *GTG VQQ VJGTG YGTG HQWT OKPVU

&QRRGNITQUEJGP $QVFTCIGT &ÒNMGP # .KQP UKVVKPI N YKVJ JGNOGV 9+.*'./85 ⁄ &'+ ⁄ )4# ⁄ &8: ⁄ < ⁄ &05 ⁄ +8.+#%'0 4 /10'6# · &' · &8.-'05 CTQWPF HNQTKCVGF ETQUU $'0'&+%685 ⁄ 38+ ⁄ 8'0+6 ⁄ +0 ⁄ 01/+0+' ⁄ &1/+0+ 0QUU IT 4 %QTTQFGF HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # %J³VGN VQWTPQKU 684108 5 %+8+5 YKVJKP CTEJGU GPENQUKPI NKU 4 9+.*'./85 &8: CTQWPF ETQUU Þ $0&+%68 5+6 01/' &0+ 04+ +J8 :2+ 0QUU IT 0KEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

%QKP +PXGUVOGPV .KUUG #WEVKQP PQ 'Z JQCTF $TGFC %QR[ QH VJG $QVFTCIGT QH )WGNFGTU CPF (NCPFGTU 6JKU EQKP YCU UVTWEM DGVYGGP CPF YJGP 9KNNKCO YCU OCODQWT TGIGPV QH )WGNFGTU QP DGJCNH QH JKU UQP

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO $GTI YQWNF DG 0QUU JQYGXGT VJGTG KU C KPUVGCF QH C NKQP #EEQTFKPI VQ VJG CWEV ECV VJG NKQP KU &WEJ[ ,ÒNKEJ 9KNNKCO ++ 0QUU CP QNF PQVG JCU VJKU NKUVGF CU 0QUU E C 6JKU EQKP OWUV DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ ,ÒNKEJ KPUVGCF QH $GTI HQT KV TGCFU &8: CPF 9KNNKCO ++ QH ,ÒNKEJ YCU FWMG UVCTVKPI KP YJGTGCU 9KNNKCO ++ QH $GTI QPN[ JGNF VJG QHHKEG HTQO D[ YJKEJ VKOG UVTKMKPI ITQU VQWTPQKU JCF VCMGP CP GPF 9KNNKCO ++ KU JKU EQPUGEWVKXG PWODGT CU FWMG +P JKU NKPG JG YQWNF JCXG DGGP 8

9GKITQUEJGP &ÒTGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP KP VTGHQKN QPG TQUG KP GCEJ CPING ::: 9+.*'. ::: /85 ” &8: ::: +8.+#%'0 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ GCING UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10'6# ^ 018# ^ &84'05+5 ^ 0QUU G IT 8GT[ HKPG

5RKPM <ÒTKEJ

141

JÜLICH-GELDERN 9+.*'./ +++ 9JGP 9KNNKCO ++ FKGF 9KNNKCO +++ YCU CNTGCF[ FWMG QH )WGNFGTU +P VJG NCUV FWMG QH )WGNFGTU HTQO VJG *QWUG 9CUUGPDGTI FKGF EJKNFNGUU CPF NGHV C XCEWWO KP YJKEJ JKU UKUVGTU EQPVGPFGF HQT UWEEGUUKQP /CVJKNFG YKFQY QH VJG EQWPV QH %NGXGU CPF /CTKC YKHG QH 9KN NKCO ++ QH ,ÒNKEJ 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 FGGOGF /CTKCŉU UQP UWEEGUUQT CPF KP 9KNNKCO +++ DGECOG FWMG QH )WGNFGTU #U JG YCU PQV [GV QH CIG [GCTU QNF JG TGOCKPGF WPFGT JKU HCVJGTŉU IWCTFKCPUJKR WPVKN +P JG UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT KP ,ÒNKEJ )WGNFGTU CPF <WVRJGP *G YCU JGCXKN[ VKGF D[ QDNKICVKQPU VQYCTFU %NGXGU +P VJG #PINQ (TGPEJ 9CT JG UKFGF YKVJ VJG (TGPEJ *G YCU TGNCVGF VQ VJG $TCDCPV *QWUG D[ OCTTKCIG 0WOKUOCVKECNN[ URGCMKPI )WGNFGTU CPF ,ÒNKEJ TGOCKPGF YJQNN[ UGRCTCVGF 7PFGT 9KNNKCO +++ &ÒTGP YCU VJG OCKP OKPV

9GKRHGPPKI &ÒTGP # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP KP VTGHQKN QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING : 9+. Þ *'. : /85 &8: : : +8.+#%' : 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ GCING UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10'6# ^ 018# ^ &84'05+5 ^ 0QUU D IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG CTOU KU NCTIGT VJCP VJCV QH PQ

9JGP 9KNNKCO +++ FKGF EJKNFNGUU KP JKU DTQVJGT 4GKPCNF UWEEGGFGF JKO KP ,ÒNKEJ )GNTG CPF <WVRJGP

*G VQQ FKGF YKVJQWV KUUWG *G VJGTGHQTG OCFG CTTCPIGOGPVU HQT JKU UWEEGUUKQP ,ÒNKEJ YCU VQ DG WPKVGF YKVJ $GTI WPFGT #FQNH QH $GTI )WGNFGTU FKF PQV NGV KVUGNH DG DQVJGTGF D[ 4G KPCNFŉU RNCPU CPF KPKVKCNN[ VJGTG YCU C RQYGT XCEWWO KP VJKU VGTTKVQT[ .CVGT #TPQNF C FGUEGPFCPV QH VJG UKUVGT QH 4GKPCNF CQWNF CUEGPF VJG FWECN UGCV KP )WGNFGTU

4'+0#.& +8 7PFGT 4GKPCNF &ÒTGP YCU PQ NQPIGT C OKPV CPF ,ÒNKEJ CPF &ÒNMGP ECOG DCEM KPVQ QRGTCVKQP 6JG EWNOKPCVKQP QH ,ÒNKEJ OQPGVCT[ RQNKE[ YCU VJG CEEGUUKQP VQ VJG 4JGKPKUEJG /ÒP\XGTVTCI 4JGKPKCP EWT TGPE[ CITGGOGPV QP &GEGODGT /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF VJG 2CNCVKPCVG YKVJ QPN[ %QNQIPG OKUUKPI ,ÒNKEJŉU CNTGCF[ KORQTVCPV RQUKVKQP QP VJG .QYGT 4JKPG VJTQWIJ KVU VKGU YKVJ )WGNFGTU YCU QPN[ GP JCPEGF D[ VJG CEEGUUKQP VQ VJKU CITGGOGPV CPF NCUVGF WPVKN

)QNFIWNFGP # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV HCEKPI 4'+0 &8: +8. )'. '1 4 5JKGNF YKVJ VYQ NKQPU HCEKPI GCEJ QVJGT ,ÒNKEJ N )WGNFGTU T KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING )WGNFGTU CPF ,ÒNKEJ /10' 6# &' +8.+# (D 0QUU IT 9GNN UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM (TQO NKUV PQ (QT VJG OGCPKPI QH )'. '1 UGG PQ *CU VJKU EQKP IQV CP[VJKPI VQ FQ YKVJ VJG 4JGKPKUEJG /ÒP\XGTVTCI! 6JGTG CTG QPN[ VJTGG CTOU VJG KORGTKCN CTOU VYQ NKQPU QPG QH ,ÒNKEJ CPF QPG QH )GNTG +P VJCV ECUG KV OWUV JCXG DGGP UVTWEM DGHQTG 6JKU EQKP KU DGCWVKHWNN[ UVTWEM GXGP VJG HQQV QH ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV KU GNCDQTCVGF KPVQ FGVCKN

142

JÜLICH-GELDERN

*GNNGT $GTIJGKO # 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ KP VJG OKFFNG QH HQWT UJKGNFU -ÌNP /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF 2HCN\ $C[GTP YKVJ / 0 $ ' KP VJG CPINGU 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF 4 ' + 0 KP VJG CPINGU 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG )CPU #TPUDGTI (TQO VJG CITGGOGPV RGTKQF VQ UGG PQ / 0 $ ' /Q0GVC $'TIJGKO

)QNFIWNFGP $GTIJGKO # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM UVCPFKPI QXGT UJKGNF QH )WGNFGTU 4'+0 &8: +8. )'.'14 4 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ KP VJG EGPVTG QH HQWT UJKGNFU -ÌNP 6TKGT /CKP\ 2HCN\ $C[GTP /10 018 $'4 %J' (D C 0QUU C IT 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 6JCV VJG HCOKN[ CTOU UJQWNF DG RNCEGF DGVYGGP VJG HGGV QH VJG UCKPV YCU OCPFCVQT[ RTQXKUKQP QH VJG RTKPEG GNGEVQTU 6JKU YQWNF VJGTGHQTG JCXG VQ UJQY VJG CTOU QH ,ÒNKEJ 9J[ KV UJQYU VJG )WGNFGTU CTOU KU WPENGCT )'.'14 KU C DNWPFGTGF TGPFGTKPI QH &XZ )GNFTKCG CPF %QOGU <WVRJCPKCG 6JG 4JGKPKUEJG /ÒP\XGTVT·IG IKXG VJG CTOU QH VJG RCTVKEKRCPVU KP QTFGT QH KORQTVCPEG %NQEMYKUG UVCTVKPI CV VJG VQR %QNQIPG /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF 2CNCVKPCVG CPF ,ÒNKEJ KP VJG OKFFNG 6JCV YCU VJG UGEQPF /ÒP\XGTVTCI QH YJKEJ VJG VJKTF RGTKQF YJKEJ YCU VJG HKHVJ KP VQVCN VJWU VQ

*GNNGT $GTIJGKO # *GCF QH 5V 2GVTWU QXGT UJKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ 4'+0 &8: + 4 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ KP VJG EGPVTG QH HQWT UJKGNFU -ÌNP 6TKGT /CKP\ 2HCN\ $C[GTP YKVJ / 0 $ ' KP VJG CPINGU 0QUU IT 44 +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG )CPU #TPUDGTI (TQO VJG CITGGOGPV RGTKQF VQ UGG PQ / 0 $ ' /Q0GVC $GTIJGKO

143

RAVENSBERG

$'4) 6JG PCOG $GTI FGTKXGU HTQO VJG HCOKN[ ECUVNG KP VJG 1FGPVCN YJGTG C ECUVNG NC[ QP C JKNN YKVJ VJG PCOG ŋXQP FGO $GTIGŌ QH VJG JKNN +P C FGGF HTQO FQEWOGPVKPI C VTCPUCEVKQP YKVJ #TEJDKUJQR #PPQ ++ QH %QNQIPG #FQNH HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG TGHGTU VQ JKOUGNH CU ŋXQO $GTIGŌ 6JKU NKP GOGTIGF CTQWPF CPF #FQNH +++ CUUWOGF C EQWPVŉU VKVNG KP 6JG IQXGTPOGPV QH #FQNH 8++ UCY C PWOKU OCVKE GXGPV QH OCLQT KORQTVCPEG TQ[CN CEMPQYNGFIGOGPV QH VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YJKEJ JCF DGGP GZGTEKUGF KNNGICNN[ WR VQ VJCV OQOGPV 1P /CTEJ -KPI 4WFQNH ITCPVGF VJG EQWPV VJG TKIJV VQ UGV WR C OKPV KP 9KRRGTHÒJTV OKPV JCF DGGP KP 9GNCDGTEJ WPVKN VJGP #HVGT VJG VTGCV[ QH &GEGODGT YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG EQKPU EQWNF PQ NQPIGT DG UVTWEM HQT YJKEJ %QNQIPG RCKF C TGFGORVKQP OQPG[ 6JG VCDNGU VWTPGF CHVGT VJG $CVVNG QH 9QTTKPIGP KP KP YJKEJ VJG %QNQIPG #TEJDKUJQR 5KGIHTKGF YCU ECRVWTGF 1PG QH #FQNHŉU EQPFKVKQPU YCU VJCV TGUVQTCVKQP DG TGUVQTGF 9JGP #FQNH 8+++ FKGF KP KP $GPUDGTI JG NGHV PQ EJKNFTGP %QWPV )GTJCTF QH ,ÒNKEJ VJGP DGECOG EQWPV QH $GTI 6JG NCVVGT YCU OCTTKGF VQ /CTICTGV VJG QPN[ FCWIJVGT QH VJG CNTGCF[ FGEGCUGF UKUVGT QH #FQNH /CTICTGV JCF DGGP OCTTKGF VQ %QWPV 1VVQ QH 4CXGPUDGTI +P VJG WPENG QH /CTICTGV )GT JCTFŉU YKHG YJQ YCU VJG NCUV EQWPV QH 4CXGPUDGTI FKGF 6JWU KP VJG NCPFU $GTI QP VJG .QYGT 4JKPG CPF 4CXGPUDGTI KP 9GUVRJCNKC YGTG WPKVGF CPF YQWNF TGOCKP UQ WPVKN +P 9KNNKCO UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT )GTJCTF YJQ FKGF KP C VQWTPCOGPV KPKVKCNN[ WPFGT VJG IWCTFKCP UJKR QH JKU OQVJGT /CTICTGV 9KNNKCO JGNRGF JKU WPENG 9KNNKCO ++ QH ,ÒNKEJ KP VJG $CVVNG QH $CGUYGKNGT +P JG YGFFGF #PPC FCWIJVGT QH %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 4WRGTV 4WRGTV UWRRQTVGF VJG [QWPI -KPI 9GPEGUNCU CPF QP VJGUG ITQWPFU -KPI 9GPEGUNCU ITCPVGF 9KNNKCO VJG FWECN VKVNG CV VJG KORGTKCN FKGV QH #CEJGP QP $GTI YCU GNGXCVGF VQ FWEJ[ 4CXGPUDGTI TGOCKPGF C EQWPV[ 9KNNKCO ++ OQXGF JKU TGUKFGPEG HTQO $GPUDGTI VQ &ÒUUGNFQTH *KU VJTGG UQPU ICXG JKOG C NQV QH VTQWDNG VJG QNFGUV #FQNH KP RCTVKEWNCT 6JG NCVVGT JCF UWEJ C UVTQPI FGUKTG HQT RQYGT VJCV JG EQWNF PQV CYCKV UWEEGUUKQP CPF JCF JKU HCVJGT VJTQYP KP C FWPIGQP KP 9KNNKCO YCU HQTEGF VQ DKV D[ DKV VTCPUHGT VJG DGVVGT RCTV QH VJG FWEJ[ VQ JKU GNFGT DTQVJGT MGGRKPI QPN[ &ÒUUGNFQTH CPF CPQVJGT UOCNN RCTV KP YJKEJ /ÒNJGKO NC[ HQT JKOUGNH 4#8'05$'4) 6JG HCOKN[ UGCV QH VJKU JQWUG YCU %CNXGNCIG PGCT 8GEJVC 2QUUGUUKQPU YGTG YKFGN[ UECVVGTGF HTQO VJG GUVCVG QH *GPT[ QH <WVRJGP Ŏ ECOG VJG VGTTKVQT[ PQTVJ QH 1UPCDTÒEM HTQO VJG GUVCVG QH 1VVQ QH 0QTVJGKO Ŏ VJG EQWPV[ KP VJG 'OUNCPF +P C FKXKUKQP GPVCKNGF D[ CP KPJGTKVGPEG KP RCTV YCU NQUV COQPIUV QVJGTU VJTQWIJ UCNG QH RQUUGUUKQPU KP 'OUNCPF CPF 8GEJVC VQ VJG DKUJQRU QH /ÒPUVGT CPF VJKU JQWUG YKVJFTGY VQ 1UPKPI YJGTG KV HQWPFGF VJG %CUVNG 4CXGPUDGTI YJKEJ YQWNF NGPF VJKU JQWUG KVU PCOG CPF VJG EKV[ QH $KGNGHGNF /CTICTGV VJG EQWUKP QH $GTPJCTF NCUV EQWPV QH 4CXGPUDGTI YCU JGKTGUU QH $GTI CPF OCTTKGF VQ )GTJCTF QH ,ÒNKEJ CNQPI YKVJ JGT VJG JQWUG ,ÒNKEJ GPVGTGF *QYGXGT 4CXGPUDGTI YQWNF CV HKTUV HQTO C RGTUQPCN WPKQP YKVJ $GTI VQ DG CFFGF VQ ,ÒNKEJ $GTI QPN[ NCVGT CPF KP HKPCNN[ YCU WPKVGF YKVJ ,ÒNKEJ $GTI %NGXGU CPF /CTM

1661 +++

2HGPPKI $KGNGHGNF # %QWPV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 5JKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP SWCVTGHQKN QXGT NKU 5VCPIG IT 'FIG DTGCM HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ %QORCTKPI PWOGTQWU URGEKOGPU 5VCPIG FGTKXGF VJG HQNNQYKPI VGZV # %1/'5 &' 4#8'0 4 /10'6# +0 $+.'8'.&'

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF QTD 1661 '2+5%12 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU KP VTKCPING YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING 2#8 .85 #2 156 5VCPIG HH IT 4 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5VCPIG CVVTKDWVGU VJKU EQKP VQ 1VVQ +8 OKPV $KGNGHGNF YJKEJ YCU KPFKECVGF QP VJG EQKP CU $+.'8'.&' QP YJKEJ JG EQOOGPVU 6JGUG 2HGPPKIG CTG GZCEV KOKVCVKQPU QH /ÒPUVGT 2HGPPKIG QH 1VVQ CPF %QPTCF 6JGTGHQTG VJG[ ECP QPN[ JCXG DGGP UVTWEM KP VJG RGTKQF WPFGT 1VVQ +8 6JG TGHGTGPEG VQ VJG /ÒPUVGT EQKPU QH $KUJQR 1VVQ QH 4KGVDGTI KU JQYGXGT KPEQTTGEV HQT QPG VJKPI VJGTG CTG PQ MPQYP EQKPU D[ VJKU DKUJQR CPF /ÒPUVGT D[ VJGP JCF CNTGCF[ CFQRVGF VJG EQKPU DGCTKPI VJG VJTGG SWCTVGT RQTVTCKV QH VJG DKUJQR HQT CPQVJGT +NKUEJ QP VJKU ŋ&KG XQP )TQVG 1VVQ XQP 4KGVDGTI \WIGNGIVGP /ÒP\GP UKPF CNU +OKVC VKQPGP FGU ·NVGTGP 6[RU $KUEJQH 'DGTJCTF XQP &KGUV FWTEJ FGP 4CXGPUDGTIGT )TCHGP 1VVQ +++ CP\WUGJGP &KG 8QTFGTUGKVGP OKV FGO 4GKEJUCRHGN KP FGT *CPF FGU $KUEJQHU UKPF FGP 9KGFGPDTÒEMGT 2HGPPKIGP PCEJIGDKNFGV Ō

6JG EQKPU VJCV )TQVG CVVTKDWVGU VQ 1VVQ QH 4KGVDGTI UJQWNF DG TGICTFGF CU KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG QNFGT V[RG QH $KUJQR 'DGTJCTF QH &KGUV D[ VJG 4CXGPUDGTI EQWPV 1VVQ +++ 6JGKT QDXGTUG YKVJ VJG INQDWU ETWEKIGT KP VJG DKUJQRŉU TKIJV JCPF YGTG OQFGNGF QP VJG 9KGFGPDTÒEM 2HGPPKIG %QPUGSWGPVN[ YG JCXG CVVTKDWVGF VJKU VQ 1VVQ +++ EQPVTCT[ VQ 5VCPIG

144

BERG

$'4) 4#8'05$'4) 9+.*'./ ++

&GPCT &QTVOWPFGT 5EJNCI /ÒNJGKO # %QWPV UKVVKPI YKVJ DTCPEJ CPF UYQTF NKQP $GTI! QP JKU DTGCUV 4 %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI KP VTKCPING ETQYP OCFG QWV QH VJTGG ETQUUGU /10' /1+.+ 0QUU IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ )TQVG %H 0QUU R $WEJGPCW $ H / R 0QVJKPI NGIKDNG QP VJG TGXGTUG 9KNNKCO ++ UVCTVGF UVTKMKPI EQKPU YKVJ UVGTNKPIU CHVGT $TCDCPV GZCORNG 6JKU EQKP YCU WPRQRWNCT CPF DGHQTG NQPI JG UVCTVGF UVTKMKPI CHVGT &QTVOWPF GZCORNG &QGU VJKU EQKP DGNQPI WPFGT 9KNNKCO ++ QT %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 4WRGTV ++! +P 9KNNKCO ++ RNGFIGF -CKUGTUYGTVJ QP VJG 4JKPG VQ %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 4WRGTV ++ YJQ YCU JKU HCVJGT KP NCY # NKVVNG NCVGT 4WRGTV ECOG KPVQ RQUUGUUKQP QH /ÒJNJGKO Q V 4WJT YJGTG JG QRGTCVGF C OKPV /ÒJNJGKO Q V 4WJT HTQO DGNQPIGF VQ $GTI #U C OKPV /ÒJNJGKO KU HWTVJGT WPMPQYP JQYGXGT HTQO 4GNNKPIJCWUGP %QWPV &KGVTKEJ +8 QT 8 QH .KODWTI CPF 4CVKPIGP 9KNNKCO ++ QH $GTI EQKPU YKVJ VJG UCOG KOCIG CPF VJG UCOG FKG EWV GZKUV JGPEG VJKU EQPENWUKQP D[ 0QUU R CPF VJG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ /ÒJNJGKO Q V 4WJT 'ZVGPUKXG GNWEKFCVKQP D[ * $WEJGPCW 2H·N\IT·HNKEJG &KEMRHGPPKIG FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG /ÒNJGKO CWH &QTVOWPFGT 5EJNCI

4WRGTV ++ WO KP $N·VVGT H /ÒP\HTGWPFG ,CJTICPI .+ R &GUETKRVKQP VJGTG CU HQNNQYU Ō# #WH DCPMHÌTOKIGP 6JTQPG FGT 2HCN\ITCH GKP 5EJYGTV TGEJVU WPF GKP \YGKIHÌTOKIGU 5\GRVGT NKPMU GTJGDGPF CWH FGT $TWUV GKPUEJY·P\KIGT .ÌYG CWH FGO -QRH FTGK 4KPIGN #DCTV &GT <YGKI TGEJVU FCU 5EJYGTV NKPMU IGJCNVGP .GIGPFG /10'6# +0 ņ /1. '/ 4 +O IGRGTNVGP &TGKGEM D·TVKIGT -QRH 5V 4GKPQNF OKV FTGK 4QUGP \YKUEJGP FTGKOCN FTGK 2WPMVGP WPVGTDTQEJGP FWTEJ JQTK\QPVCNG .KPKGP Ō 1DX 6JG EQWPV RCNCVKPG QP C DGPEJ NKMG VJTQPG C UYQTF VQ JKU NGHV CPF TCKUKPI C DTCPEJ UJCRGF UEGRVTG KP JKU TKIJV JCPF QP JKU EJGUV C VCKNGF NKQP QP JKU JGCF VJTGG EKTENGU 8CTKCPV VJG DTCPEJ KP VJG TKIJV JCPF VJG UYQTF KP VJG NGHV 6GZV /10'6# +0 /1.='/? 4GX KP C FQVVGF VTKCPING C DGCTFGF JGCF 5V 4GKPQNF YKVJ VJTGG TQUGU DGVYGGP VJTGG ITQWRU QH VJTGG FQVU KPVGT TWRVGF D[ JQTK\QPVCN NKPGU 6JTGG QH VJGUG XCTKCPVU ECOG WR KP VJG *QCTF 9GKFGPRGUEJ CNN QH VJGO KP 0QUUŉ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

6QWTPQUG # %J³VGN VQWTPQKU 6841085 %+8+5 YKVJKP CTEJGU GPENQUKPI NKU 4 9+.*'./8 %1/'5 CTQWPF ETQUU $0&+%68 ⁄ 5+6 ⁄ 01/' ⁄ &0+ ⁄ 04+ ⁄ &'+ ⁄ +J8 :2 0QUU IT (NCP FGHGEV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

9GKRHGPPKI /ÒNJGKO # 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI KP OWNVKNQDG YKVJ UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP EGPVTG 9+.*'./ %1/'5 &'/106'4 4 5JKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI /10'6# /1.+/ CTQWPF ETQUU :2% 8+0%+6 :2% 4')0#6 :2% +* 0QUU I IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

6JKU EQKP KU HTQO CP CWEVKQP QH VJG /ÒP\\GPVTWO

.CWIYKV\ $GTNKP 6JG QDXGTUG VGZV DGIKPU CPF GPFU YKVJ VJTGG FQVU QXGT GCEJ QVJGT %QKP OWUV JCXG DGGP UVTWEM DGHQTG YJGP 9KNNKCO DGECOG FWMG %QKPCIG QH VJKU V[RG UVCTVGF KP CV VJG GCTNKGUV +VU QDXGTUG YCU UVTWEM CHVGT &WVEJ GZCORNG VJG TGXGTUG KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG (TGPEJ 6QWTPQKU 6JG RTQXGTD %JTKUVWU XKEKV %JTKUVWU TGIPCV EJTKUVWU KORGTCV FGTKXGU HTQO VJG QUVGTNKEJGP NCWFGU 'CUVGT J[OPU

'PIGN 5GTTWTG + R .8++ )GPGTCNN[ VJG RTGUGPV VGPUG YCU EQOOQP VJQWIJ XKEKV KU CNUQ HQWPF QP VJG EQKPU QH #TEJDKUJQR 9CNTCO QH %QNQIPG (QT VJG HKTUV VKOG VJG CTOU QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI KPEQTRQTCVG VJG UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI CU CP KPGUEWVEJGQP #NVJQWIJ VJKU KU KPEQTTGEV HTQO C JGTCNFKE RQKPV QH XKGY JGTCNFKE CEEWTCE[ YQWNF JCXG NGF VQ C XGT[ WPCGUVJGVKE TGUWNV 0QUU

145

BERG

2HGPPKI $KGNGHGNF # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 9+.* './85 őő 4 5JKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI WPFGT GCING KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ QPG TQUG KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# $+.8' 5VCPIG IT 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z -GPPGRQJN EQNNGEVKQP -ÒPMGT 'Z 2KGRGT EQNNGEVKQP 2HGPPKI HTQO VJG RGTKQF CHVGT YJGP 9KNNKCO JGNF QHHKEG CU FWMG QH $GTI 5VCPIG IKXGU VJG HQNNQYKPI VGZVU # 9+.*'./85 &8: &' /106' 4 /10'6# $+.'8'.&'05+5 9KNNKCO ++ YCU HQTEGF D[ JKU UQP #FQNH VQ CDFKECVG KP 4CXGPUDGTI

2HGPPKI $KGNGHGNF # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 9őő 4 5JKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI WPFGT GCING KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ QPG TQUG KP GCEJ CPING őőőőő& 5VCPIG IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ &KHHGTGPEGU YKVJ VJG NCUV PWODGT VJG UEGRVTG CPF C FKHHGTGPV FGRKEVKQP QH VJG JGCF

#&1.( +:

9GKRHGPPKI /ÒNJGKO # 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI KP OWNVKNQDG YKVJ UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP EGPVTG #&1.&2*85 : &8: : &' : /16' %1/' : 4 4 5JKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI /10'6# /1.'0*'+ CTQWPF ETQUU :2% : 80%26 : :2% : +/2#6 : :2% : 4' 0QUU D IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG TQWPF GUEWVEJGQP KP UK\G CPF UJCRG CTVKUVKECNN[ GZCEVN[ OCVEJGU VJCV QH #TEJDKUJQR &KGVTKEJ QH /QGTU HTQO %QNQIPG JGPEG KV KU UCHG VQ CUUWOG VJCV YG CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ QPG FKG EWVVGT JGTG

9GKRHGPPKI /ÒNJGKO # %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJ UYQTF CPF QTD KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ #&1.2*85 : &8: : /106'+ 4 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING GCING 4CXGPUDGTI CPF ,ÒNKEJ /10'6# : /1'.'0*'/ 0QUU IT %NGCPGF XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM DGVYGGP 9JCV GZCEVN[ FQ VJGUG CTOU FGUKIPCVG! 'CEJ RCKT QH NKQPU QP VJG NCTIG CTOU KU GSWCN

146

BERG-RAVENSBERG

&7%*; $'4) 4#8'05$'4) #&1.2* +: #FQNH +: UWEEGGFGF 4GKPCNF KP ,ÒNKEJ KP VJQWIJ PQV KP )WGNFGTU #FQNHŉU CVVGORV VQ UVTGPIVJGP JKU ENCKO QP )WGNFGTU D[ CTTCPIKPI VJG OCTTKCIG QH JKU [QWPIGUV UQP 4WRGTV VQ VJG OWEJ QNFGT YKFQY QH 4GKPCNF /CTKC QH *CTEQWTV HCKNGF #FQNH HKPCNN[ CEEGRVGF VJKU UVCVG QH CHHCKTU CPF JGPEGHQTVJ ECNNGF JKO UGNH FWMG QH ,WNKEJ CPF $GTI EQWPV QH 4CXGPUDGTI CU QRRQUGF VQ #TPQNF QH 'IOQPF YJQ UWEEGGFGF KP )WGNFGTU CPF UVWDDQTPN[ EQPVKPWGF VQ DGCT VJG VKVNG CPF CTOU QH ,ÒNKEJ PGZV VQ VJCV QH )WGNFGTU #TPQNF KPXCFGF ,ÒNKEJ TGIWNCTN[ YJKEJ YQWNF QPN[ GPF YJGP JG YCU FGHGCVGF KP VJG $CVVNG QH .KPPKEJ QP *WDGTVŉU FC[ 0QXGODGT D[ )GTJCTF #FQNHŉU UWEEGUUQT 6JG HCEV VJCV CHVGT VJG WPKQP YKVJ ,ÒNKEJ ,ÒNKEJ EQPVKPWGF VQ VCMG HKTUV RNCEG DQVJ KP VJG CTOU CPF KP VJG VKVNG KU RGEWNKCT IKXGP VJCV $GTI YCU NCTIGT CPF CNUQ VJG QNFGUV DTCPEJ QH VJG JQWUG ,ÒNKEJ #FQNHŉU TGCUQPU HQT PQV CEEGFKPI VQ VJG 4JGKPKUEJG /ÒP\XGTVTCI TGOCKP QDUEWTG ,ÒNKEJ YCU C OGODGT #FQNH WPFQWDVGFN[ DGPGHKVGF KP UQOG YC[

9GKRHGPPKI /ÒNJGKO # &WMG YKVJ UYQTF WPFGT IQVJKE FCKU #&8.2 &8: +8.+# /106 4 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING $GTI GCING ,ÒNKEJ CPF 4CXGPUDGTI

/10 018 /1 .*' 0QUU C F IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CPF UOCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (KTUV EQKP CHVGT VJG TGWPKQP UCOG V[RG CU VJG NCUV UVWEM KP ,ÒNKEJ 6JG UKPING JGCFGF GCING KP CNN NKMGNKJQQF TGRTGUGPVU VJG KORGTKCN GCING CPF KV YCU ITCPVGF VQ VJG *QWUG ,ÒNKEJ CU C UKIP QH VJG FKIPKV[ QH 9CNFITCH VJG HKTUV FWMG QH ,ÒNKEJ YCU VJG NCUV VQ DGCT C NKQP

*GNNGT /ÒNJGKO! # 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ UVCT KP SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF # & 1 . KP VJG CPINGU 0QUU IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

)CPU #TPUDGTI

9+.*'./ + XQP ,ª.+%*

&WDDGNG OKLV $GTIJGKO! # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP KP VTGHQKN )8.*'./ &05 $%') : 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ * ' $ ) KP VJG CPINGU /10 '6# 018 $') IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG +TTGIWNCT HNCP EQTTQFGF HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP )GXQPFGP KP &GXGPVGT 6JKU EQKP KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG EQKPU QH 4WFQNH QH &KGRJQNV KP 7VTGEJV &GXGPVGT CPF 4JGPGP XF%J )TQNNG DT VJKPMU YG UJQWNF UGCTEJ KVU QTKIKPU KP *GKPUDGTI ,QJP + QH *GKPUDGTI KPJGTKVGF RCTV QH VJG HKGH ,ÒNKEJ KP HTQO JKU OQVJGT (KNKRRC QH ,ÒNKEJ *G EGFGF JKU UJCTG VQ JKU UGEQPF UQP 9KNNKCO CU CP CRCPCIG KP 9KNNKCO + QH ,ÒNKEJ KP YJKEJ ECUG VJG CTOU QH *GKPUDGTI QT ,Ò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

147

BERG

&WDDGNG OKLV $GTIJGKO! # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP KP VTGHQKN 8 ') 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ * $ ' ) KP VJG CPINGU /10 018 IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC KTTGIWNCT HNCP CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (QWPF KP VJG .KPIG TGIKQP 4QWIJN[ VJG UCOG EQKP CU PQ UGG VJG GZVGPUKXG GNWEKFCVKQP VJGTG 0QVG VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VGZV QP PQ KU 8 %QWNF KV DG VJG 8 QH 9KNNKCO! 0Q ENGCTN[ KPFKECVGF )8.*'./

9+.*'./ +8 #FQNHŉU UWEEGUUQT )GTJCTF YCU YGFFGF VQ 5QRJKG QH 5CZQP[ .CWGPDWTI +P VJGKT UQP 9KNNKCO +8 YCU DQTP +P )GTJCTF YGPV OCF CPF 5QRJKG TWNGF WPVKN JGT FGCVJ KP 9KNNKCO +8 VJGP UWEEGGFGF %QPVTCT[ VQ JKU HCVJGT YJQUG KPVGTGUVU KP $WTIWPF[ YGTG CV QFFU YKVJ VJQUG QH 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM 9KNNKCO HQTVTKIJVN[ UWRRQTVGF VJG *CDUDWTI *QWUG +P C VTGCV[ YCU GHHGEVGF DGVYGGP /CKP\ 6TKGT VJG 2CNCVKPCVG CPF ,ÒNKEJ $GTI CNKIPKPI VJG XCNWGU QH VJGKT EWTTGPEKGU %QNQIPG YCU CV VJG VKOG YKVJQWV UWEEGUUQT CPF EQPUGSWGPVN[ EQWNF PQV GPVGT KPVQ VJKU VTGCV[ +P ,ÒNKEJ GZRTGUUGF KVU YKUJ VQ VJG EKV[ QH %QNQIPG VQ GPF VJG VTGCV[ +P VJG HQTOGT OKPVOCUVGT QH VJG EKV[ QH %QNQIPG ,QJCPP /QG\[PEM ECOG VQ /ÒNJGKO YJGTG JG YQWNF UVCTV C PGY UGTKGU QH EQKPU QH YJKEJ VJKU $CWUEJG KU QPG +P JKU QPN[ FCWIJVGT /CTKC YCU DGVTQVJGF VQ ,QJP UQP QH VJG FWMG QH %NGXGU 6JG YGFFKPI VQQM RNCEG KP 9KNNKCO FKGF CU UQQP CU (TQO VJCV OQOGPV ,ÒNKEJ $GTI CPF %NGXGU HQTOGF QPG YJQNG

*QJNJGNNGT /ÒNJGKO # 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI YKVJ UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP EGPVTG 0QUU 5EJWNVGP IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

$CWUEJG /ÒNJGKO # &WMG UVCPFKPI HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF QXGT UJKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI YKVJ UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP EGPVTG 9+.*'. &8: +8. < /10 4 # : / : %%%% : .:::+++ CTQWPF ETQUU /10'6# b 018# b /10*'/ .GXKPUQP + 0QUU 5EJWNVGP IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 6JG VYQ KPKVKCN ETQUUGU QP VJG TGXGTUG CTG )WGNFGTUŉETQUUGU

&QRRGNDCWUEJG /ÒNJGKO # .KQP N YKVJ VCRRGTV QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI 9+..'./ : &8: : +8. < /106' 4 5JKGNF QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI YKVJ UJKGNF QH 4CXGPUDGTI KP EGPVTG QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10' 018# /8.*'/ .GXKPUQP + 0QUU 5EJWNVGP IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

148

AACHEN

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ŉU UKIPKHKECPEG (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC FGENCTGF VJG EKVK\GPU QH #CEJGP HTGG 4GKEJUVCFV QT EKV[ QH VJG GORKTG 9G GPEQWPVGT VJG VGTOU 4GKEJUUVCFV CPF (TGKG 5VCFV HTGSWGPVN[ 6JGKT OGCPKPI KU CU HQNNQYU ŋ#NU OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJG 4GKEJUUV·FVG DG\GKEJPGV OCP LGPG 5V·FVG KO TÌOKUEJ FGWVUEJGP 4GKEJ PÌTFNKEJ FGT #NRGP FGTGP WPOKVVGNDCTGT 5VCFVJGTT FGT -ÌPKI D\Y -CKUGT YCT 0GDGP FGP 4GKEJUUV·FVGP KO GPIGTGP 5KPPG ICD GU GKPG 4GKJG XQP UQ IGPCPPVGP (TGKGP 5V·FVGP FKG UKEJ XQP KJTGO DKUEJÌHNKEJGP 5VCFVJGTTP KP GKPGO QHV NCPIGP 4KPIGP YGKVIGJGPF GOCP\KRKGTVGP &C UKEJ CWEJ FKGUG (TGKGP 5V·FVG CNU ITWPFU·V\NKEJ TGKEJU\WIGJÌTKI XGTUVCPFGP GTMCPPVGP UKG GKPG CNNIGOGKPG 1DGTJQ JGKV FGU -ÌPKIU CP XGTYGKIGTVGP CDGT TGIGNO·UUKIG 5VGWGTP WPF OGKUV CWEJ FKG *WNFKIWPI 7O P·JGTVG UKEJ FKG TGEJVNKEJG WPF RQNKVKUEJG 5VGNNWPI FGT DGKFGP 5V·FVGITWRRGP OGJT WPF OGJT UQ FCUU OCP KO ,CJTJWPFGTV KPUIGUCOV XQP (TGKGP 4GKEJUUV·FVGP URTCEJ Ō

6JG VGTO OGFKGXCN EKV[ QH VJG GORKTG KU TGUGTXGF HQT VJQUG EKVKGU KP VJG *QN[ 4QOCP 'ORKTG PQTVJ QH VJG #NRU QH YJKEJ VJG KOOGFKCVG EKV[ NQTF YCU C MKPI QT GORGTQT +P CFFKVKQP VQ VJG EKVKGU QH VJG GORKTG VJGTG YGTG C UGTKGU QH UQ ECNNGF HTGG EKVKGU VJCV OQUVN[ CHVGT C NQPI UVTWIING YTGUVGF VJGOUGNXGU HTQO WPFGT CP GRKUEQRCN NQTFŉU TWNG CPF DGECOG GOCPEKRCVGF #U VJGUG RTKPEKRCNN[ TGICTFGF VJGOUGNXGU CU UWDQTFKPCVG VQ VJG GORKTG VJG[ TGEQIPKUGF VJG UQXGTGKIPV[ QH C MKPI JQYGXGT TGHWUGF VQ CEEGRV TGIWNCT VCZGU QT HQT VJG OQUV RCTV VQ RC[ JQOCIG #TQWPF VJG NGICN CPF RQNKVKECN RQUKVKQPU QH DQVJ HQTOU QH EKV[ UVCVG EQPXGTIGF CPF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG[ YGTG TGHGTTGF VQ CU HTGG EKVKGU QH VJG GORKTG HTQO , 5EJPGKFGT &KG 4GKEJUUV·FVG KP 5VGKPHWTVGT $ 9GKPHWTVGT 5 *GKNKI 4ÌOKUEJ &GWVUEJ &CU 4GKEJ KO OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP 'WTQRC #WUUVGNNWPIUMCVCNQI 'UUC[U R CPF ITCPVGF VJGO VJG TKIJV QH OCTMGV CPF EQKP UGV QWV KP VJG ITGCV FGGF QH ,CPWCT[ /GPCFKGT PQVGU VJCV PGY EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM HQT VJG QEECUKQP QH JKU EQTQPCVKQP KP #CEJGP YJKEJ JQYGXGT KU KORQUUKDNG CU VJG HKTUV EQKPU QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU /GPCFKGT PQ CNTGCF[ DGCT VJG VKVNG +/2 CPF JG YCU PQV ETQYPGF GORGTQT WPVKN +P VJG HQNNQYKPI [GCTU XCTKQWU MKPIU GORGTQTU UVTKMG EQKP KP #CEJGP 6JG NCUV QPG VQ FQ UQ YCU %JCTNGU +8 YJQ KP UVTWEM VJG NCUV UVGTNKPI #CEJGP DGECOG KPETGCUKPIN[ XWNPGTCDNG CPF KVU EKVK\GPU JCF ITGCV VTQWDNG HGPFKPI QHH VJG CVVCEM QH VJG EQWPV QH ,ÒNKEJ KP 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG TQ[CN RWDNKE UGTXCPVU WNVKOCVGN[ CHVGT UGXGTCN NKGPU JCXKPI DGGP RNGFIGF EJCPIG QXGT VQ VJG FWMG QH ,ÒNKEJ 6JKU 9KNNKCO + YCU PQOKPCVGF IWCTFKCP QXGT #CEJGP KP #U UQQP CU JG JCF VJG #CEJGP OKPV CV JKU FKURQUCN

+ORGTKCN KUUWGU (4+'&4+%* +

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UYQTF HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG YKVJ NKQPŉU JGCFU UVCT T CPF CPPWNGV N (4'&'4+ +/24 4 6QYGT QP YCNN YKVJ ICVG 41/# %#286 /80&+ /GPCFKGT 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ $GECWUG QH VJG URGEKCN TGNCVKQP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC JCF YKVJ #CEJGP JG RTCKUGF KV CU 4QOC %CRWV /WPFK

149

AACHEN

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ NCPEG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG YKVJ NKQPŉU JGCFU (4+&'485 +12 #05 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ ITGCV CPF VYQ UOCNN VQYGTU UVCT CDQXG 41/ # %#286 180&+ /GPCFKGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC )NGPFKPKPI .QPFQP #WEVKQP OTV PQ 6JG ŋEJWTEJŌ UGGOU VQ DG VJG KORGTKCN RCNCVKPCVG EH VJG KOCIG QP VJG -CKUGTUEJTGKP

6JG &QOG QP VJG -CKUGTUEJTGKP

6JG FQOG QP VJG EQKP

6JG NKQPŉU VJTQPG 6JG DKDNG CNTGCF[ URGCMU QH MKPIU CPF LWFIGU VJCV CTG UGCVGF QP C VJTQPG 6JG QTFKPCT[ OCP UVQQF 6JG VJTQPG EQPUVKVWVGF C UKIP QH RQYGT # XGT[ EJCTCEVGTKUVKECN GZCORNG KU VJG VJTQPG QH %JCTNGOCIPG KP #CEJGP 1P OGFKGXCN EQKPU VJTQPGU CTG FGRKEVGF QPN[ URQTCFKECNN[ +P VJG UEGCVVC GTC YG UGG VYQ URGEKOGPU 6JGUG YGTG OQFGUV UGCVU VJG UCOG CU VJQUG UGGP QP 4QOCP EQKPU 'FYCTF VJG %QPHGUUQT

5QXGTGKIP 'CINGU V[RG 0QTVJ VQQ KU UGCVGF QP C UKOKNCT RNCKP VJTQPG 6JKU OQFGUV[ KU CNUQ UGGP KP VJG VJTQPG QH %JCTNGOCIPG YJKEJ JCU UGXGP UVGRU NGCFKPI WR VQ KV 1RKPKQPU FKHHGT CU VQ KVU QTKIKPU *QNV\OCPP )GUEJKEJVG FGT 5·EJUKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV /ÒPEJGP R ŋ9Q UGKP 6JTQPUKV\ UVCPF \W FGO UKGDGP 5VWHGP JKPCWHHÒJTVGP YKG GKPUV CWH FKG <KMMWTCV KP $CD[NQP GKP UQNEJGT 5KV\ U[ODQNKUKGTVG FCU 7PKXGTUWO FKG *GTTUEJCHV ÒDGT FKG 9GNVŋ 9JGTG JKU VJTQPG UGCV UVQQF VQ YJKEJ UGXGP UVGRU NGF WR CU QPEG VQ VJG <KIIWTCV KP $CD[NQP C UGCV UWEJ CU VJKU U[ODQNKUGF VJG WPKXGTUG YQTNF FQOKPCPEG 6JG DKDNG ŋ6JGP VJG MKPI OCFG C ITGCV VJTQPG KPNCKF YKVJ KXQT[ CPF QXGTNCKF YKVJ HKPG IQNF 6JG VJTQPG JCF UKZ UVGRU CPF KVU DCEM JCF C TQWPFGF VQR 1P DQVJ UKFGU QH VJG UGCV YGTG CTOTGUVU YKVJ C NKQP UVCPFKPI DGUKFG GCEJ QH VJGO 6YGNXG NKQPU UVQQF QP VJG UKZ UVGRU QPG CV GKVJGT GPF QH GCEJ UVGR 0QVJ KPI NKMG KV JCF GXGT DGGP OCFG HQT CP[ QVJGT MKPIFQO Ō -KPIU 6JKU DGECOG VJG RCTCFKIO QH OGFKGXCN VJTQPGU 6JG DKDNG OGPVKQPU UKZ UVGRU *QNV\OCPP UGXGP 6JGTGHQTG *QNV\OCPPŉU FGUETKRVKQP UJQWNF DG RTGHGTTGF 1P VJG QVJGT JCPF VJG DKDNG OGPVKQPU NKQPU QP GKVJGT GPF 6JKU YG UGG DCEM QP VJG EQKPU DG KV VJCV QPN[ VJG CTOTGUVU JCXG DGGP HWTPKUJGF YKVJ C NKQPŉU JGCF 6JKU UQ ECNNGF ŋNKQPŉU VJTQPGŌ KU UGGP HKTUV YKVJ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC 6JG NKQPŉU JGCF KU TGPFGTGF KP C RCTVKEWNCTN[ UEJGOCVKE HCUJKQP

#CEJGP (TKGFTKEJ $CTDCTQUUC 0QV QPN[ MKPIU CPF GORGTQTU UCV QP C NKQPŉU VJTQPG DWV CTEJ DKUJQRU VQQ 1P VJTQPGU QH EQPVGORQTCTKGU QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU VJG HQNNQYKPI NKQPŉU JGCFU CTG HQWPF

150

AACHEN 6JG ŋNKQPŉU JGCFŌ WPFGT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KU UVTKMKPIN[ UVKNKUGF 1VJGT VJCP QP VJG UEGCVVCU YJGTG VJG FKG EWVVGT ECP DG CUUWOGF PQV VQ JCXG MPQYP YJCV C NKQP NQQMGF NKMG VJG TGCUQP HQT VJKU UGGOU QPG QH EJQKEG NKQPU YGTG D[ VJGP CHVGT CNN C YKFGN[ WUGF OQVKH KP CTVU CPF MPQYNGFIG QH VJGKT CRRGCTCPEG YCU SWKVG EQOOQP 6JG UKORNG UVKNKUGF HQTO KU KP CNN NKMGNKJQQF VJG YQTM QH C FKG EWVVGT YJQUG VGEJ PKSWG YCU PQV FGXGNQRGF GPQWIJ CV VJCV OQOGPV TGCNKUG UWEJ C EQORNKECVGF QTPCOGPVCVKQP QP CP CTGC VJCV UOCNN 6JG RKEVWTG DGNQY UJQYU VJCV ITCRJKE CTVKUVU QH VJG VKOG JCF NGUU VTQWDNG FGRKEVKPI NKQPŉU JGCFU QP OKPKCVWTGU (TQO -CKUGTEJTQPKM %CODTKFIG %QTRWU %JTKUVK %QNNGIG /U HQN 6JGP CICKP VJG SWGUVKQP CU VQ YJGVJGT VJKU KU C NKQPŉU JGCF CV CNN KU C NGIKVKOCVG QPG 6JG NKQPŉU JGCF QP VJG UGCV QH %QPTCF QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ HTQO /CKP\ KU OQUV EJCTCEVGTKUVKECN 6JKU UV[NG OQUV NKMGN[ HKPFU KV QTKIKP YKVJ .GXQP + QH #TOGPKC 6JG TGXGTUG QH VJKU EQKP UJQYU VYQ NKQPU CTQWPF C NCTIG ETQUU C EQOOQP OQVKH KP OWUNKO EWNVWTG YJGTG VJG UKOKNCT NKQPU YGTG FGRKEVGF QP GCEJ UKFG QH VJG VTGG QH NKHG 1P VJG VJTQPG QH .GXQP TGCNKUVKE NKQPŉU JGCFU QEEWT 6JKU KU PQV UWTRTKUKPI CU KP #TOGPKC VJG NKQP YCU CP CPKOCN NKXKPI KP VJG YKNF VJCV YCU JWPVGF 6JG EQKPU QH .GXQP YGTG HWTPKUJGF YKVJ VJGUG NKQPU CHVGT JKU EQTQPCVKQP CU MKPI YJKEJ VQQM RNCEG QP ,CPWCT[ KP VJG RTGUGPEG QH COQPIUV QVJGTU VJG RCRCN NGICVG %QPTCF QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ HTQO /CKP\ .GXQP YCU C XCUUCN QH VJG )GTOCP GORGTQT +P VJG NCVGT KOKVCVKQPU KP VJG )GTOCP VGTTKVQTKGU VJG VJTQPG KU CFQTPGF YKVJ CP KPETGCUKPIN[ TGCNKUVKE NKQPŉU JGCF .KQP VJTQPGU UVCTVGF VQ CRRGCT QWVUKFG )GTOCP VGTTKVQT[ DWV CICKP KV VQQM UQOG VKOG CTQWPF DGHQTG QPG EQWNF URGCM QH C TGCN NKQPŉU JGCF #P CNVQIGVJGT WPKSWG RNCEG KU QEEWRKGF D[ VJG UGCV QH 9KNNKCO QH )GPPGR HTQO %QNQIPG UGG WPFGT %Q NQIPG

(4+'&4+%* ++

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG : (4+&' 4+% 5 : 4 $WUV QH %JCTNGOCIPG JQNFKPI CTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QP KV +0 2'4# 614 /GPCFKGT IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ -TWOD

151

AACHEN

9+.*'./ XQP *1..#0&

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG ( 4 +&'4+% 4 $WUV QH %JCTNGOCIPG JQNFKPI CTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QP KV 9+..' / 4': /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG QDXGTUG QH VJKU EQKP KU GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG CU VJCV QH PQ VJG VGZV KU VJG UCOG (4'&'4+% 6JG TGXGTUG UJQWNF TGCF 9+..ő ': DWV KV FQGU PQV VJG NGVVGTU VJCV CTG NGIKDNG CTG FKHHGTGPV VJCP VJQUG QP PQ 6JG TG XGTUG RQTVTCKV KU FKUVKPEVN[ FKHHGTGPV HTQO VJCV QP PQ

47&1.( XQP *#$5$74)

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UYQTF CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 48&1.2* 41/ 4': 4 %TQYP WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QP KV 84$5 #38'05+5 a 8+0%' /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ ŋ&KG 7OUEJTKHV FGT -GJTUGKVG UVGJV KP $G\KGJWPI OKV FGO DGCVC 8GTQPC XKPEGU FGT $QPPGT 2T·IWPIGP FGT 'T \DKUEJÌHG 5KGIHTKGF XQP 9GUVGTDWTI WPF *GKPTKEJ XQP 8KTPGDWTI Ō 6JG TGXGTUG NGIGPF KU EQPPGEVGF VQ VJG DGCVC 8GTQPC XKPEGU QH VJG $QPP KUUWGU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU 5KIHTKGF QH 9GUVGTDWTI CPF *GPT[ QH 8KTPGDWTI /GPCFKGT R

#.$4'%*6 + XQP ¤56'44'+%*

)TQRHGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG #.$'46 Q 41/ Q 4': 4 %JWTEJ 84$5 Q #38'05+5 Q 8+0%' Q 5 Q / Q /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

*'+04+%* 8++ XQP .7:'/$74)

)TQRHGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG FGEQTCVGF YKVJ ETQUUGU *'04+% 41/ 4': 4 %JWTEJ 84$5 Q #38'05+5 Q 8+0%' Q 5 Q / Q /GPCFKGT IT 9GNN EGPVGTGF CPF YGNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ

152

AACHEN

)TQRHGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG FGEQTCVGF YKVJ ETQUUGU *'+04+% 41/ Q +/24 4 %JWTEJ 84$5 Q #38'05+5 Q 8+0%' Q 5 / /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

.7&9+) +8 FGT $#;'4

5VGTNKPI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI ú .8&18+%85 ⁄ 41/ ⁄ 4': 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF GCING KP VJG PF CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU /10 '6# #38' 05+5 /GPCFKGT IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

5VGTNKPI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI .8&18+%85 41/ +/24 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF GCING KP VJG PF CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU /10'6# #38'05+5 /GPCFKGT IT #VVTCEVKXG URGEKOGP YKVJ FCTM VQPG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ -TWODCEJ

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG PQU CPF CTG KOKVCVKQPU QH 'PINKUJ RGPP[U HTQO VJG RGTKQF QH 'FYCTF +++ 1YPGF D[ ,ÒNKEJ CU C NKGP

6JG FWMGU QH ,ÒNKEJ UVTWEM EQKP CU 8ÌIVG QH #CEJGP DWV PGXGT QPEG KPFKECVGF VJGKT PCOG QP VJG EQKPU 6JG GHHKI[ KU KPXCTKCDN[ VJCV QH %JCTNGOCIPG

9+.*'./ + 9KNNKCO + FKTGEVN[ UVCTVGF OKPVKPI KP #CEJGP YKVJ C FQWDNG EQR[ QH VJG EQKPU QH .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP QPN[ VJG PCOG .QFQXKEXU YCU TGRNCEGF YKVJ VJG OQVVQ #SXKUITCPK %CRWV +ORGTKK #CEJGP ECRKVCN QH VJG GORKTG +P VJCV UCOG [GCT JG CNNKGF YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG 9KNNKCO QH )GPPGR VQ UVTKMG EQKPU QH VJKU UCOG V[RG HQT C RGTKQF QH UKZ [GCTU KP %QNQIPG CPF #CEJGP 0Q QH #CEJGP CPF PQ QH %QNQIPG JCXG GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG UV[NG

&QRRGNUVGTNKPI # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI ú #38+5 ⁄ )4#0+ ⁄ %#286 ⁄ +02+ 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF GCING KP VJG PF CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU 84$5 #38' 4')# 5'&5 /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP RTGEGFGU VJG ŋ-CKUGTITQUEJGPŌ VQ O[ OKPF KP YJKEJ VJWU + FQ PQV EQPEWT YKVJ /GPCFKGT

153

AACHEN

-CKUGTITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG %JCTNGOCIPG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UVCPFKPI UJKGNF YKVJ GCING T 5% 5 ” -#41.85 ” ” /#)* ” +/214 4 /10 '6# #38 '05 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF ú 84$5 ” #38'05+5 ” 4')#.+5 ” 5'&'5 ” /GPCFKGT IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (QT CPQVJGT URGEKOGP QH VJG UCOG V[RG UGG PQ QH 9KNNKCO QH )GPPGR #TEJDKUJQR QH %QNQIPG

9+.*'./ ++

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG %JCTNGOCIPG JQNFKPI EJWTEJ QH #CEJGP 5%5 -#41.85 /#)* +/214 4 /10 '6# #38 '05 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ QPG GCING KP VJG PF CPING 84$5 #38'05+5 4')#.+ 5 5'&'5 /GPCFKGT IT 44 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO 5RKPM <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ +PVGTRWPEVKQP QDXGTUG DGVYGGP 5%5 CPF %#41.85 VYQ UOCNN ETQUUGU QXGT GCEJ QVJGT DGVYGGP /#)0 CPF +/214 VYQ USWCTGU QXGT GCEJ QVJGT GCEJ OCFG WR QH HQWT FQVU 4GXGTUG DGVYGGP VJG 5 CPF 5'&'5 VYQ USWCTGU QXGT GCEJ QVJGT GCEJ OCFG WR QH HQWT FQVU

4'+0#.& +8

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG DWUV QH %JCTNGOCIPG YKVJ EJWTEJ CPF QTD QXGT UJKGNF YKVJ GCING Q 5%5 G -#41. G /#) G +2'4#61 4 /10'6# G 84$ Q #385 CTQWPF ETQUU #001 G &1/+0+ G /+.'5+/1 G %%%% G :: .GXKPUQP + /GPCFKGT IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ

154

AACHEN

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG DWUV QH %JCTNGOCIPG YKVJ EJWTEJ CPF QTD QXGT UJKGNF YKVJ GCING 5%5 G -#41. G /#) Q +2'4#61 4 /10'6# G 84$ G #385 CTQWPF ETQUU #001 G &1/+0+ G /+.'5+/1 G %%%% G ::+ .GXKPUQP + /GPCFKGT IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # 0KODCVG DWUV QH %JCTNGOCIPG YKVJ EJWTEJ CPF QTD QXGT UJKGNF YKVJ GCING 5 -#41. / ) +2'4# 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG VYQ UVCTU CPF VYQ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCINGU KP VJG CPINGU /10'6# G 84$+5 G #38'05+5 /GPCFKGT IT 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

+UUWGU QH VJG EKVKGU +P VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG GHHKI[ QH %JCTNGOCIPG YCU TGRNCEGF YKVJ VJG CTOU YKVJ VJG GCING CPF VJG /CTKCOÒPUVGT #HVGT %JCTNGOCIPG JCF DGGP TGRNCEGF KP D[ VJG /CFQPPC YKVJ VJG EJKNF )TQUEJGP VJG EKV[ KP FGEKFGF VQ UVTKMG C JGCXKGT EQKP YKVJ VJG /CFQPPC YKVJ VJG %JKNF

)TQUEJGP # /CTKGPOÒPUVGT QXGT UJKGNF YKVJ GCING 5 -#41. /#) ë +2' 4 %TQUU /10'6# ë 84$ ë #38'5 /GPCFKGT IT 44 +TTGIWNCT HNCP UOCNN VTCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ -TWODCEJ

*GNNGT EC # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI 4 1 4 8 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ / 0 # 3 KP VJG CPINGU /GPCFKGT IT 44 'ZVTGON[ HKPG

)CPU #TPUDGTI -TWODCEJ $GTIJCWU &QTVOWPF 'NWEKFCVKQP KP %CV 9#) ŋ&KG $WEJUVCDGP KP FGP 9KPMGNP DG\GKEJPGP PGDGP / QPGVC 0 QXC FKG #PHCPIUDWEJUVCDGP FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG #WU FKGUGO )TWPF NGIGP YKT FCU HTÒJGT &QTVOWPF \WIGYK GUGPG 5VÒEM PCEJ #CEJGP Ō

155

AACHEN

*GNNGT # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF # 3 8 5 KP VJG CPINGU /GPCFKGT IT 4 # NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ /GPCFKGT ENCUUKHKGU VJKU WPFGT 9KNNKCO + NCVGT GXKFGPEG ECOG WR VJCV VJKU EQKP DGNQPIU KP VJG RGTKQF UGG -TWODCEJ EH -TWODCEJ

&QRRGNITQUEJGP # /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF QXGT ETGUEGPV Q #8' G 4')+# G %'.148 G /#6'4 G 4')+5 G #%'.14 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QP HNQTKCVGF ETQUU 84$5 G #38'05+5 G 4')0+ G 5'&'5 G .GXKPUQP + /GPCFKGT IT 5OCNN ETWUJ XGT[ HKPG (TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

5176*'40 9'562*#.+# +P OCP[ PQTVJ YGUV OKPVU EQKPU JCXG DGGP UVTWEM VJCV CTG C FKTGEV KOKVCVKQP QH V[RGU QH VJG TGIKQP DWV FQ PQV ENGCTN[ FKURNC[ C RCTVKEWNCT OKPV QH QTKIKP 6JWU VJG 5 %QNQPKC # JCU DGGP KOKVCVGF CU YGNN CU 'PINKUJ RGPPKGU CPF QVJGTU 52 6' -¤.0'4 16610'0 6JGUG EQKPU CTG EJCTCEVGTKUGF D[ VJG YGNN MPQYP %QNQIPG OQPQITCO 5 %1.10+# # QP TGXGTUG CNVJQWIJ JGTG KV JCU DGGP UNKIJVN[ FGHQTOGF CNTGCF[ 6JG VJTGG EQKPU DGNQY CTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ 5QGUV QT GNUGYJGTG WPFGT TGUGTXCVKQP 6JG EGPVTG QH 5QGUV YCU KP VJG /GTQYKPIKCP MKPIŉU EQWTV +P 5QGUV YCU TGEQTFGF CU XKNNC SWCG 5QUCV XQECVWT ŋJQWUG PCOGF 5QUCVŌ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

SOEST

&GPCT #PJCNV QT 5QGUV ! CHVGT # 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO CPPWNGV YKVJKP VJG 1 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 +8+4*0# *·XGTPKEM IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ HKPG RCVKPC

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #EWVKQP PQ ŋ&KG #XGTUNGIGPFG WPF FKG (QTO FGU %QNQPKCOQPQITCOOGU )TQUUGU % OKV GKPIGUEJQDGPGP Q YGKUGP FKGUG /ÒP\G GKPFGWVKI FGT UR·VGUVGP )TWRRG *·X HH \W +O )GIGPUCV\ \W FGP DGK *·XGTPKEM CWHIGHÒJTVGP 8CTKCPVGP KUV LGFQEJ DGK FKGUGO UCWDGT CWUIGHÒJTVGP 5VÒEM PKTIGPFU GKP $GK\GKEJGP \W HKPFGP 9CJTUEJGKPNKEJ JCP FGNV GU UKEJ WO FKG 8QTNCIG FGP 2TQVQV[R FGT )TWRRG FGT KP 5QGUV $GK\GKEJGP KO -TGW\YKPMGN WPF CPFGTGP YGUVH·NKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP $GK\GKEJGP KO 4GXGTUHGNF ÒDGT EC ,CJTG JKPYGI PCEJIGRT·IV YWTFG ŋ

&GPCT #PJCNV QT 5QGUV ! CHVGT # 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO CPPWNGV YKVJKP VJG 1 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING QPG RGNNGV YKVJ VQMGP OKPVOCTM QH 5QGUV! 1&&1 #0* +8+ *·XGTPKEM IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ ŋ5KEJGT GKP )GRT·IG FCU CWU FGO XQTKIGP 6[R PQ JGTXQTIGICPIGP KUV WPF YQJN GKPGU FGT HTÒJGUVGP OKV 5QGUVGT <GKEJGP UQ YGKV GU UKEJ DGK FGO $GK\GKEJGP PKEJV WO GKPGP -GKN JCPFGNP UQNN YCU GKPG CPFGTG <WYGKUWPI PCJG NGIGP YÒTFG #WHHCNNGPF KUV FGT WO )TCF PCEJ NKPMU XGTUEJQDGPG $GIKPP FGU -CKUGTPCOGPU D\Y )TCF HCNNU OCP FCU $GK\GKEJGP CNU KO 3WCFTCPVGP IGNGIGP DGVTCEJVGV UQYKG FKG YKGFGTJQNVG 7PVGTDTGEJWPI FWTEJ -TGW\EJGP Ō

&GPCT 5QGUV ! CHVGT # 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO CPPWNGV YKVJKP VJG 1 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 +82206) *·XGTPKEM IT 4GXGTUG YGCMN[ UVTWEM HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG 6JG EGPVTG RCTV QH VJG TGXGTUG JCU DGGP UVTWEM YGCMN[ UQ KV KU WPENGCT YJGVJGT QT PQV VJGTG KU C 5QGUV UKIP

157

ENGLISH IMITATIONS

'0).+5* +/+6#6+105 1P OCP[ QEECUKQPU NQPI ETQUU RGPPKGU QH *GPT[ +++ JCXG DGGP KOKVCVGF KP 9GUV )GTOCP[ RCTVN[ CVVTKD WVCDNG VQ C RCTVKEWNCT RNCEG QP VJG EQPVKPGPV RCTVN[ PQV +P NKVGTCVWTG YKFG CVVGPVKQP KU IKXGP VQ VJG QPGU YJKEJ ECP DG CVVTKDWVGF CU QRRQUGF VQ VJQUG YJKEJ ECPPQV 1P JCPF CTG VJG KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG NQPI ETQUU RGPPKGU QH VJG 'PINKUJ -KPI *GPT[ +++ KP RCTVKEWNCT VJQUG YKVJQWV VJG UEGRVTG UVTWEM KP CPF VJQUG YKVJ VJG UEGRVTG UVTWEM KP #NN DGCT VJG VKVNG *'04+%85 4': +++ VJG NCVVGT QHVGP JCXKPI DGGP TGRNCEGF D[ ++2 CPF UJQWNF CHVGT 'PINKUJ GZCO RNG UJQY VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT CPF VJG OKPV QP TGXGTUG UGRCTCVGF D[ QP 6JTGG JQCTFU CTG MPQYP VJCV EQPVCKPGF VJGUG PQP FGVGTOKPCDNG RGPPKGU C VJG JQCTF QH 4KDPKV\ + HQWPF KP UGG * &CPPGPDGTI &GT 5VGTNKPIHWPF XQP 4KDPKV\ <GKVUEJT H 0WOKUOCVKM :8 R D 6JG JQCTF QH 4KDPKV\ ++ HQWPF UQOG FC[U CHVGT VJG HKTUV UGG ' 9WPFGTNKEJ /GEMNGPDWTIKUEJG /Ã&#x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

+OKVCVKQPU QH VJG 'PINKUJ NQPI ETQUU RGPP[ QH *GPT[ +++

2HGPPKI YKVJQWV UEGRVTG # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJQWV UEGRVTG *'04+%85 4': ++2 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 9+. .'/ 0+' 4+0 IT 44 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT +P XKGY QH VJG YGKIJV VJKU KU C )GTOCP URGEKOGP +P (F 4KDPKV\ + WPFGT PQ URGEKOGPU CTG OGPVKQPGF YKVJ QP TGXGTUG 9+..'/ 0+'4+0 CPF KP (F 4KDPKV\ ++ WPFGT PQ QPN[ QPG URGEKOGP +P VJG *CCTNQ JQCTF PQ URGEKOGPU YKVJ VJKU VGZV YGTG HQWPF +H KPFGGF 0+'4+0 OGCPU CP[VJKPI YG OWUV NQQM VQ )GTOCP[ +H VJG HKTUV 0 YGTG VJG NCUV QH 10 VJG NQECVKQP YQWNF DG UQOGVJKPI TGUGODNKPI +'4+0 #PQVJGT RQUUKDKNKV[ KU VJCV 10 KU OKUUKPI KP YJKEJ ECUG YG NQQM HQT C PCOG EQPVCKPKPI VJG NGVVGTU 0+'4+0 UWEJ CU 0KGTUVGKP DWV VJKU RNCEG QP VJG 4JKPG KU QWVUKFG VJG CTGC EQPUKFGTGF HQT VJG UVTKMKPI QH VJGUG KOKVCVKQPU

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

158

DORTMUND

&146/70& +P YG HKPF VJG HKTUV TGEQTF CU 6JTQVOCPPK KP CU 6TGOQPKC CPF KP CU &QTVOWPF G 6JTQVOCPPK FGTKXGU HTQO C MKPIŉU EQWTV KP VJG QNF VQYP )TCHGPJQH 6JG 5V 4GKPQNFK DGECOG VJG OCKP EJWTEJ RTQDCDN[ CTEJDKUJQR #PPQ QH %QNQIPG VTCPUHGTTGF 5V 4GKPQNFWU VQ VJG /CT[ OQPCUVGT[ VJCV JG JCF HQWPFGF &QTVOWPF YCU QPG QH VJG HCXQWTKVG TGUKFGPEGU QH VJG MKPIU KP 9GUVRJCNKC 6JG HKTUV EJCTVGT UVCVKPI &QTV OWPF CU CP KORGTKCN VQYP KU HTQO (TGFGTKEM ++ KP RTGRCTGF D[ %QPTCF +++ &QTVOWPF EQWNF OCKPVCKP KVU KPFGRGPFGPEG KP URKVG QH GHHQTVU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG CPF VJG EQWPVU QH VJG /CTM VQ UGK\G VJG VQYP D[ HQTEG )TQUUGT (GJFG )TGCV HGWF 6JG EQKP UVTQMG KP &QTVOWPF UVCTVGF CV VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ WPFGT -KPI 1VVQ +++ 2TCEVKECNN[ CNN )GTOCP MKPIU OKPVGF JGTG 9JGTGCU VJG UVTKMKPI QH EQKPU KP &WKUDWTI FKUEQPVKPWGF TGNCVKXGN[ GCTN[ KP &QTVOWPF KV EQPVKPWGF KPVQ VJG VJ EGPVWT[

+ORGTKCN %QKPCIG 1661 +++

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 4': 4 6*'46 /#00 KP VJTGG NKPGU $GTIJCWU C &CPPGPDGTI IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP 1NFGUV &QTVOWPF EQKP YKVJ MKPIU VKVNG UQ

*'+04+%* ++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF N *'+04+%85 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 6*4'6/#00+ $GTIJCWU &CPPGPDGTI IT 'FIG HCWNV CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

-104#& ++

&GPCT %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %104#&85 4': 4 %TQYPGF JGCF N +/2'4#614 $GTIJCWU &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZVU QDXGTUG CPF TGXGTUG CTG TGVTQITCFG 6JG 4': KU JCTF VQ TGCF #V $GTIJCWU VJKU EQKP KP OGPVKQPGF WPFGT ŋ/ÒP\GP OKV -CKUGTVKVGNŌ DWV QP QPG UKFG KV UC[U 4GZ CPF QP VJG QVJGT +ORGTCVQT

159

DORTMUND *'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF CPF DGCTFGF JGCF N *'+04+%*85 +/2 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 6*146/#00' $GTIJCWU &CPPGPDGTI C IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ /G[GT D

9+.*'./ XQP *1..#0&

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 9+..'*'./85 4': 4 6QYGT QXGT YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU 64'/10+# % +8+6#5 4 $GTIJCWU IT 4 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

*WK\KPIC $GPPGMQO 6JG VGZV QDXGTUG KU KNNGIKDNG 5JQWNF DG 9+..'*'./85 4':

47&1.( XQP *#$5$74)

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 48 &1. (85 4': 4 $WUV QH 5V 4GKPQNFWU HCEKPI KP VTKCPING YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING 64'/ 10+# %+8+ $GTIJCWU IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ

.7&9+) FGT $#;'4

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VJTQPG ENQCM YKVJ VTGHQKN .8& 18+%85 4' 4 $WUV QH 5V 4GKPQNFWU HCEKPI KP VTKCPING YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING %+8+66 #5 6 4'/ $GTIJCWU IT 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN + DGNKGXG + TGCF CU QDXGTUG VGZV 48&Å&#x2018; NCDGN UCKF .8& KP YJKEJ ECUG KV EQWNF DG 4WFQNH XQP *CDUDWTI $GTIJCWU #NUQ VJG GPF 4' NCDGN UCKF +2' YQWNF HKV KP $WV VJG ENQXGTNGCH HCUVGPGTU QP VJG GTOKPG QPN[ CRRGCT YKVJ .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP CPF PQV YKVJ 4WFQNH XQP *CDUDWTI 1P TGXGTUG VJG HWNN VGZV EQWNF DG %+8+6 #5 64'/

160

DORTMUND 5+)+5/70& + XQP .7:'/$74)

9GKRHGPPKI CHVGT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF QTD 5+)+5/80&85 : 41/#0148 4': 4 /10 '6# 64' /10 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF : $0&+% 63 8'0 +6+01 +' &0+ : $GTIJCWU IT 44 8GT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ 9GKRHGPPKI CHVGT VJG QTFKPCPEG QH $GTIJCWU MPQYU QH URGEKOGPU

#PQP[OQWU UVTQMGU 6JG OCTV[T 5V 4GKPQNFWU YCU RCVTQP QH VJG VQYP

4GKPQNFKCNDWU # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 4GKPQNFWU HCEKPI 5#0%685 : 4'01.&85 : /#46 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING EKV[ CTOU KP OWNVKNQDG WPFGT TQUG : /10'6# : 018# : 64'/10+'05 $GTIJCWU IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV UOCNN HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ $GTIJCWU FQGU PQV OGPVKQP VJCV VJG TQUG QP TGXGTUG KU VJG VQYPU CTOU 6JG VGZV QP TGXGTUG JCU CP CFFKVKQPCN +5 YKVJ $GTIJCWU

4GKPQNFKCNDWU # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 4GKPQNFWU HCEKPI 5#0%685 : 4'01.&85 : /# 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING EKV[ CTOU KP OWNVKNQDG WPFGT TQUG : /10'6# : 018# : 64'/10 $GTIJCWU IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

4GKPQNFKCNDWU # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 4GKPQNFWU HCEKPI 565 4'01.&85 /#46 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING KP OWNVKNQDG /10'6# 018# 64'/ $GTIJCWU IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

161

ESSEN

#$$'; '55'0 +P VJG XKEKPKV[ QH 9GTFGP HQWPFGF D[ .KWFIGT DKUJQR QH /Ò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

$'46*# ++ XQP #405$'4) !

2HGPPKI CHVGT # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 4': 41/ #0148/ 4 $WUV QH VJG CDDGUU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU '55'0 & %+8+6#5 )TQVG -TCOGT IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV (TQO 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG RHGPPKIU HTQO +UGTNQJP QH 'DGTJCTF XQP FGT /CTM YJQ YCU CNUQ 'UUGPŉU EQPXGPV IWCTFKCP CHVGT UGG /GPCFKGT /CTM PQ #U QRRQUGF VQ /GPCFKGT 4GKEJU·DVKUUKPPGP R QP TGXGTUG KU FGRKEVGF PQV ŋC YGNN NQEMGF IGPVNGOCP KP C EQWPVŉU JCVŌ DWV CP CDDGUU 5VTWEM CHVGT )TQVG * )TQVG &KG /ÒP\GP FGT #DVGK 'UUGP KP /5 R #NUQ UGG .GJPJ·WUGT CPF 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV #EEQTFKPI VQ ' 5 VJG HWNN VGZVU UJQWNF TGCF 4': 41/#0147/ CPF '55'0& %+8+6 +P O[ QRKPKQP VJG MKPI 4': KU *GPT[ 8+ YJQ YCU MKPI HTQO VQ

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 4': 41 /#0148 / 4 $WUV QH VJG CDDGUU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU '55 '0& % Q +8 +6#5 )TQVG -TCOGT IT (KPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

'.+5#$'6* XQP 0#55#7 'NKUCDGVJ UVGOOGF HTQO VJG 0CUUCW HCOKN[ CPF OQTG RTGEKUGN[ HTQO VJG 1VVQPKCP NKPG CU QPG QH VJG UQPU QH 1VVQ + 5KGIGP 'OKI + YCU JGT ITCPFHCVJGT 6JKU 1VVQ + KU VJTQWIJ JKU UQP *GPT[ + 5KGIGP &KNNGPDWTI CNUQ VJG HQTGHCVJGT QH VJG &WVEJ 4Q[CN *QWUG

2HGPPKI # 'ORGTQT -CTN +8 YKVJ NCPEG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG /10'6# '55' 0&'0 4 $WUV QH VJG CDDGUU QXGT UJKGNF QH 0CUUCW '.+5#$ 0#58 )TQVG D -TCOGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5RGEKOGP HTQO VJG %QNNGEVKQP 2KEMJCTF &QTVOWPF 1VJGTYKUG QPN[ GPEQWPVGTGF KP 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 8GT[ RQQT SWCNKV[ PQV FKURNC[GF &QGU PQV CRRGCT KP .GJPJ·WUGT &KG /ÒP\GP FGU *QEJUVKHVU 'UUGP KP $GKVT·IG \WT )GUEJKEJVG XQP 5VCFV WPF 5VKHV 'UUGP R 9JCV KU VJG HWTVJGT EQORNGVKQP QH 0&'0 EQWNF VJCV DG /KPFGP HQT /KPVGQPC!

162

DUISBURG

*Â·NDNKPI # $WUV QH VJG CDDGUU '.+5#$'6 0#58 4 5JKGNF QH 0CUUCW KP VTGHQKN YKVJ VJTGG ' KP VJG CPINGU /1 0' 6# )TQVG -TCOGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

&7+5$74) +P C MKPIÅ&#x2030;U EQWTV YCU HQWPFGF CV VJG NQECVKQP YJGTG VJG 4WJT HNQYU KPVQ VJG 4JKPG +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG MKPIÅ&#x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

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF CPF DGCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG *'+04+%85 4': 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ &+ 85 $8 4) KP VJG CPINGU $GTIJCWU F &CPPGPDGTI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

*'+04+%* +8

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV T YKVJ UEGRVTG *'+04+%85 +/2 4 %TQUU HQWT EKTENGU YKVJ &+ 85 $8 4) KP VJGO $GTIJCWU C &CPPGPDGTI IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV UOCNN GFIG DTGCM QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z #WMV (TCPMHWTVGT /Ã&#x2019;P\JCPFNWPI -NWIG

163

DUISBURG-DORTMUND-KÖLN

#4'# &7+5$74) &146/70& -¤.0 1P JCPF CTG VJG EQKPU YJKEJ KPFKECVG VJG OKPV QH /+06'10# QP VJGKT TGXGTUG (QTOGTN[ VJGUG YGTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ /KPFGP DWV +NKUEJ RTQXGF VJCV VJKU KU PQV RQUUKDNG +NKUEJ <YKUEJGP &QO WPF 4CVJCWU $GKVT·IG \WT -WPUV WPF -WNVWTIGUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV /KPFGP R $GECWUG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ C RCTVKEWNCT RNCEG JCU PQV DGGP RQUUKDNG VKNN VQFC[ -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT GPVGTGF VJGO WPFGT ŋ4CWO &WKUDWTI &QTVOWPF -ÌNPŌ YJKEJ YG TGRGCV JGTG $GUKFGU VJG VYQ EQKPU GPVGTGF DGNQY CU -NWIG GPVGTGF VJGO VJGTG KU C PWODGT QH EQKPU YJKEJ OGPVKQP VJG PCOG /+06'10# VJG EQKPU YKVJ VJG CPINGT CNUQ QH *GPT[ +++ EQORCTG $GTIJCWU &CTUVGNNWPIGP WPF $G\GKEJPWPIGP XQP -ÒPUVNGTP CWH /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU KP -CV <WT #WUUVGNNWPI 1TPCOGPVC 'EENGUKCG -ÌNP XQN + R GV UGSS

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF CPF DGCTFGF JGCF N *'004+%85 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING /+06'10# &CPPGPDGTI IT 4 0KEG RQTVTCKV C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ &CPPGPDGTI GUVCDNKUJGU VJCV /+06'10# KP PQ EJCTVGT KU VJG PCOG HQT /KPFGP 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ *GPT[ +++ KU PQV EGTVCKP GKVJGT -CV -ÒPMGT 5NI /CTQYUM[ IKXGU VJG HQNNQYKPI EQOOGPV QP VJG ITQWPFU QH FKG EQORCTKUQP VJG RKGEGU YKVJ VJG GORGTQTŉU RQTVTCKV NQQMKPI VQ VJG NGHV PQYCFC[U CTG PQ NQPIGT CVVTKDWVGF VQ /KPFGP DWV VQ &QTV OWPF &WKUDWTI 5EJWNVG VJKPMU VJKU EQKP UJQWNF DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ 'UUGP +P VJCV ECUG /+06 OGCPU OKPV CPF '10# OGCPU 'UUGP +V KU UVTCPIG VQ CNUQ GPEQWPVGT VJGUG NGVVGTU '10# QP EQKPU WPFGT 5 %1.10+# # UGG DGNQY CPF QP VJG EQKPU QH %QPTCF CPF 2KNITKO QH %QNQIPG UGG WPFGT %QNQIPG PQU CPF +P -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT VJKU EQKP CRRGCTU VQQ PQ 6JGTG TCPMGF WPFGT 7PDGUVKOOVG /ÒP\UV·VVG 4CWO -ÌNP &WKUDWTI &QTVOWPF -NWIG TCPIGU JKU QPG KP VJG UCOG YC[ CU PQ

&GPCT # *GCF HCEKPI *'+04+%85 4': 4 %JWTEJ DGVYGGP VYQ VTKSWGVTCU YKVJKP 5++ ++1 NGIGPF PQV XKUKDNG -NWIG IT 4 &CTM VQPGF CPF DGPV XGT[ HKPG RKGEG )QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG UCOG EQKPU CNUQ CRRGCTU KP -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT PQ 6JGTG 7PDGUVKOOVG /ÒP\UV·VVG 4CWO -ÌNP &QTVOWPF &WKUDWTI +P O[ QRKPKQP VJKU EQWNF DG &WKUDWTI -NWIG PQ QP QDXGTUG JCU GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG JGCF CU VJKU EQKP CPF CNUQ VJG UCOG VGZV 6JG TGXGTUG VJGTG UJQYU VJG TGXGCNKPI &+ 85 $8 4) 1P VJG EQKP KP -NWIG TGCFKPI DCEM HTQO GNGXGP QŉENQEM VJG VGZV KU 5 0 6 % % ' 1P VJKU EQKP VJG VGZV UVCTVU YKVJ #. CPF GPFU YKVJ %5 YJKEJ HKVU KP 2WV VQIGVJGT KV TGCFU 5% 60 %'ő .# QT TGCFKPI ENQEMYKUG #. '% 06 %5 +P $GTIJCWU &WKUDWTIGT /ÒP\GP WPFGT PQ VJG UCOG JGCF CRRGCTU DWV VJG TGXGTUG KU VJGP &WKUDWTI KP C ETQUU

UGG -NWIG PQ

164

S-COLONIA-A MÜNZEN

%1+05 YKVJ .'66'4+0) WPFGT 5 %1.10+# # (QTOGTN[ VJGUG EQKPU YGTG CUETKDGF VQ 5QGUV *·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

-104#& ++

&GPCT &KCFGOGF JGCF T ETQUU CPF RGNNGV KP HTQPV %*810#&85 +/2 4 5 1 + 1 + + + # OQPQITCO ' 0 1 5 % 4 1 6 DGPGCVJ VJG # &CPPGPDGTI +NKUEJ IT 4 (NCP FGHGEV DGPV CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 4GH # .CIQO + FQWDV VJCV VJKU KU # KP YJKEJ ECUG VJGTG UJQWNF DG C FQV KP DQVJ 1ŉU QP TGXGTUG YJKEJ KU PQV UQ 6JG FGRKEVKQPU CTG UQ RQQT VJCV VJG VGZVU CTG KNNGIKDNG + TCVJGT VJKPM VJKU KU # 6JG HQT VJG QDXGTUG UGGOU KP QTFGT 1P R KU UVCVGF UVTWEM CTQWPF DWV JQY ECP VJKU DG TJ[OGF YKVJ %QPTCF! 6JG TGHGTGPEG KU VQ VJG CTVKENG D[ +NKUJ KP ,/2 R

&GPCT # &KCFGOGF JGCF T ETQUU CPF RGNNGV KP HTQPV %*810+*48 +/2 4 5 1 + 1 + + + # OQPQITCO '*4 8## DGPGCVJ VJG # &CPPGPDGTI +NKUEJ IT 4 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $WNNGT EQNNGEVKQP 1UPCDTÒEM (QT EQOOGPV UGG PQ *GTG VQ VJG TGHGTGPEG KU VQ +NKUEJ KP ,/2 R

165

KÖLN

-¤.0

#4%*&+1%'5' -¤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ŉU FKXQTEG JG YCU FGVJTQPGF CPF GZEQOOWPKECVGF +P .QTTCKPG TGVWTPGF VQ VJG (TGPEJ %CTQNKPIKCP %JCTNGU VJG 5KORNG +V YCU PQV WPVKN VJCV VJG TGIKQP FGHKPKVGN[ ECOG VQ )GTOCP[ WPFGT *GPT[ + +P VJG KPVGTOGFKCVG RGTKQF %JCTNGU VJG 5KORNG UVTWEM EQKPU KP %QNQIPG UGG PQ WPFGT %CTQNKPIKCPU $TWPQ DTQVJGT QH 1VVQ + NCKF VJG HQWPFCVKQP HQT VJG CTEJDKUJQRŉU FQOKPCVKQP QH VJG VQYP VJCV YCU VQ NCUV WPVKN 2KNITKO CPF *GTOCPP ++ EQPHKTOGF VJG HQTGOQUV RQUKVKQP QH VJG %QNQIPG GRKUEQRCVG VJG RTKXKNGIGU QH EQTQPCVKPI VJG )GTOCP MKPI CPF VJG CTEJEJCPEGNNQT QH +VCN[ +P GURGEKCNN[ VJG NCVVGT RTKXKNGIG YCU ITGCVN[ GZVGPFGF D[ 2QRG .GQ +: #PPQ ++ CKOGF CV C IQQF WPFGTUVCPFKPI YKVJ VJG RQRG CU YGNN CU VJG GORGTQT DWV FWTKPI VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ JKU UWEEGUUQTU UKFGF YKVJ VJG GORGTQT #HVGT VJG %QPEQTFCV QH 9QTOU VJG MKPIŉU RQYGT QXGT VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE JCF DGGP PQVKEGCDN[ TGFWEGF (TQO VQ VJG UVTWIING HQT VJG CTEJDKUJQRU UGG YCU OCKPN[ DGVYGGP VJG 4JKPGNCPF PQDNG HCOKNKGU QH $GTI CPF *QEJUVCFGP QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH VJKU RGTKQF ECOG HTQO VJGUG HCOKNKGU 6JG CTEJDKUJQR JCF C FKUVKPEVKXG RCTV KP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉ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ÒNKEJ D[ RQRG ,QJP ::++ KP 6JG CTEJDKUJQRU FKHHGTGF ITGCVN[ KP VJGKT RQNKVKECN KPHNWGPEG *GPT[ QH 9KTPGDWTI CPF 9CNTCO QH ,ÒNKEJ CU HCKVJHWN UWRRQTVGTU QH #XKIPQP FKF PQV TGEQIPKUG .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP YJGTGCU 9KNNKCO QH )GPPGR ITGCVN[ KPHNWGPEGF %JCTNGU +8 D[ VCMKPI RCTV KP VJG FTCHVKPI QH VJG )QNFGP $WNN 'XGPVWCNN[ VJG KPVGTHGTGPEG QH &KGVTKEJ QH /QGTU YKVJ VJG DKUJQRU UGGU QH 2CFGTDQTP /ÒPUVGT 1U PCDTÒEM CPF 7VTGEJV NGF VQ C EQPHNKEV YKVJ 2JKNKR VJG )QQF #HVGT FGHGCV KP VJG 5QGUV EQPHNKEV CPF KP VJG /Ò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

1661 +

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1661 4': 4 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO ŋJQTPŌ T DGPGCVJ VJG # &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM IT 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ *·XGTPKEM CVVTKDWVGU VJKU EQKP VQ 1VVQ + -NWIG CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ 1VVQ +++ YKVJQWV HWTVJGT EQOOGPV &CPPGPDGTI CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ 1VVQ + CPF UGGU VJG ŋJQTPŌ CU VJG ) KP #ITKRRKPC +P O[ QRKPKQP VJKU EQKP UJQWNF DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ 1VVQ + CPF DGNQPIU KP VJG OQPCTEJ[ QH

166

KÃ&#x2013;LN 1661 +++

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 4': 4 5 %1.10+ # OQPQITCO &CP PGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ &GPCTKWU HTQO VJG RGTKQF QH 1VVQ +++ CU MKPI *Â·XGTPKEM CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ 1VVQ +

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 1&&1 /2 #8) 4 5 %1.10+ # OQPQITCO &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP &GPCTKWU HTQO VJG RGTKQF QH 1VVQ +++ CU GORGTQT 2TGUWOCDN[ VJG MG[ VQ CVVTKDWVG KV VQ 1VVQ +++ NKGU KP VJG /2 KPUVGCF QH +/2

*'+04+%* ++

&GPCT # *GCF T *'+04+%85 +/2 4 5 %1.10+ # OQPQITCO &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGT PKEM IT 4 5OCNN UETCVEJGU CPF DGPV CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

X F &WUUGP 9GUVGTJQH #WEVKQP PQ

-104#& ++

&GPCT #PFGTPCEJ # # 0&#0 + ETQUU UJCRGF DGVYGGP HQWT JCNXG EKTENGU %*8104#&85 +/2 4 6GORNG YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR 0 '0 ! &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT (NCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG NGIGPF %104#&85 +/2 QP QDXGTUG KU JCTFN[ NGIKDNG DWV KP O[ QRKPKQP UJQWNF DG TGCF VJWU +P &CPPGPDGTI KPFGGF C EQKP KU HQWPF FGRKEVKPI VJG UCOG EJWTEJ DWV VJG #PFGTPCEJ UVCPFU PGZV VQ 2KNKITKO

DGVYGGP VJG HQWT CTEU *GTG VJG #PFGTPCEJ ENGCTN[ UVCPFU DGVYGGP VJG CTEU 6JKU EQKP KU OQUV QHVGP CUETKDGF VQ %QPTCF VQIGVJGT YKVJ 2KNITKO DWV + HKPF VJG PCOG QH 2KNITKO FQGU PQV QEEWT 6JGTGHQTG GPVGTGF JGTG CU C EQKP KUUWG KP VJG PCOG QH %QPTCF ++ CNQPG 6JG YGKIJV KU GZVTGOGN[ NQY #U VJKU EQKP UJQYU VJG UCOG NGVVGTKPI CU VJG PQU CPF EQKPU YKVJ NGVVGTKPI WPFGT VJG 5 %1.10+# # VJG[ UJQWNF DG GPVGTGF VQIGVJGT 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ #PFGTPCEJ VQ O[ OKPF KU FWDKQWU

167

KÃ&#x2013;LN -104#& ++ 2+.)4+/ 2KNITKO YCU QH $CXCTKCP FGUEGPV *G UGEWTGF VJG QHHKEG QH EJCPEGNNQT HQT +VCN[ *G FGRTKXGF #TEJDKUJQR #TKDQ QH /CKP\ QH VJG TKIJV VQ ETQYP VJG GNGEVGF MKPI KP #KZ NC %JCRGNNG C /CKP\ RTKXKNGIG GCTNKGT ITCPVGF VQ 9KNNKCO DCUVCTF UQP QH 1VVQ + #KZ NC %JCRGNNG YCU RCTV QH VJG %QNQIPG GEENGUKCUVKECN RTQX KPEG

&GPCT %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD CPF 2+ .+ )4 +/ KP VJG CPINGU %*8104#&85 +/2 4 6GORNG YKVJ HKXG EQNWOPU CPF TQWPF ICDNG 5#0%6# %1.10+# &CP PGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT 9GNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV 6JGTG CTG VYQ V[RGU YKVJ C RQKPVGF TQQH CPF YKVJ C JGOKURJGTKECN TQQH *Â·XGTPKEM GPVGTU VJGO DQVJ WPFGT PQ &CPPGPDGTI VQQ GPVGTU VJGO WPFGT VJKU PWODGT

&GPCT # &KCFGOGF JGCF T %*8104#&85 +/2 4 6GORNG YKVJ TQWPF ICDNG CPF 2+.+ )4+/ KP KV 5#0%6# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /QUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI KU C UQOGYJCV UOCNNGT JGCF VJCP WUWCN DWV PQV VJKU QPG

&GPCT # &KCFGOGF JGCF T YKVJ DGCTF %*8104#&85 +/2 4 6GORNG YKVJ TQWPF ICDNG CPF 2+.+ )4+/ KP KV 5#0%6# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM IT 5ETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z )CGVVGPU EQNNGEVKQP #WMV )CGVVGPU ::++ PT %H *Â·XGTPKEM C XCT

168

&GPCT # &KCFGOGF JGCF T YKVJ DGCTF HKUJ KP HTQPV QH KV %*8104#&85 +/2 4 6GORNG YKVJ TQWPF ICDNG CPF 2+.+ )4+/ KP KV 5#0%6# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI *Â·XGTPKEM XCT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

KÖLN /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV 2KNCTV\ -ÌNP +P VJG RCUV VJG 4JKPG PGCT %QNQIPG JGNF NCTIG HKUJ 6JG OKPV YCU UKVWCVGF QP VJG /CTMVRNCV\ OCTMGV RNCEG CV VJG PQTVJ GPF QH VJG *GWOCTMV PGCT VJG 5GKFGPOCEJGTI·EJGP CPF CFLQKPGF C JCTDQWT (NQVVGPJCHGP 6JG OKPV CPF VJG OCTMGV YGTG QHVGP HNQQFGF 6JKU CNUQ QEEWTTGF FWTKPI C XKUKV QH 'ORGTQT %QPTCF CPF CHVGT VJG YCVGTU HGNN JG HQWPF C NCTIG HKUJ UGG $N H /\HTFG R *CXGTPKEM XCT JCU C FKHHGTGPV TGXGTUG FKG CPF .ÒEMIGT &KG /ÒP\GP XQP -ÌNP /ÒPEJGP R 5GG CNUQ * , .ÒEMIGT ŋ#WH FGP 5RWTGP FGT <KPV /CGTLGPU 4GRR +P FGT GJG OCNU P·JGT CO 4JGKP IGNGIGPGP TQOCPKUEJGP -KTEJG 5V /CTKC KO -CRKVQN DGHKPFGV UKEJ UGKV NCPIGP <GKVGP GKP -KGHGTMPQEJGP WPF OGJTGTG 4KRRGP GKPGU O NCPIGP 6KGTGU 5V /CTKGPTKRRG <KPV /CGTLGPU 4GRR Ō 1P VJG VTCEM QH VJG 5V /CT[U 4KD 6JG 4QOCP EJWTEJ 5V /CT[ KP VJG %CRKVQN HQTOGTN[ UKVWCVGF ENQUGT VQ VJG 4JKPG UKPEG NQPI RQUUGUUGU C LCY DQPG CPF UGXGTCN TKDU HTQO CP CPKOCN QH CTQWPF O NGPIVJ 5V /CT[ŉ 4KD 6JG /ÒP\\GPVTWO ECVCNQIWG OGPVKQPU MPQYNGFIG QH URGEKOGPU

&GPCT #PFGTPCEJ # Q / 2.+)4 4 ETQUU UJCRGF DGVYGGP HQWT UGOK EKTENGU %*8104&85 4 6GORNG YKVJ ETQUU KP KV DGVYGGP '14 '/1 &CPPGPDGTI D *·XGTPKEM IT (NCP ETCEM UOCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 6JG OGCPKPI QH '/1 '14 KU GZRNCKPGF PQYJGTG &CPPGPDGTI IKXGU #0& '40 HQT PQ 6JKU TGOCKPU VJG UCOG WR VQ PQ C #V D '01 '14 CRRGCTU 0Q GZRNCPCVKQP KU QHHGTGF &CPPGPDGTI LWUV EQOOGPVU VJCV VJGUG EQKPU RTQDCDN[ JCXG DGGP UVTWEM KP #PFGTPCEJ 9G HKPF VJG UCOG NGVVGTKPI QP VYQ EQKPU UVTWEM KP VJG PCOG QH LWUV %QPTCF CU KORGTCVQT UGG PQU CPF

EQKPU YKVJ NGVVGTKPI WPFGT 5 %1.10+# #

&GPCT #PFGTPCEJ # Q 9 +.1)+ 4 ETQUU UJCRGF DGVYGGP HQWT UGOK EKTENGU %10&4#&+1/ 4 6GORNG YKVJ ETQUU KP KV DGVYGGP ' 14 '01 &CPPGPDGTI D *·XGTPKEM IT 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 5GG EQOOGPV CV PQ +U %10&4#&+1/ C EQTTWRVKQP QH %*8104#&85!

-104#& ++ *'4/#00 ++

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %*8104#&85 +/2 4 %1.1 0+# YKVJKP VGORNG DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU *'4+/#00 #4%*+'25 &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM IT 4GXGT[G C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

169

KÖLN *'4/#00 ++ 0QOKPCVKQP VQ CTEJEJCPEGNNQT QH VJG 4QOCP EJWTEJ QP (GDTWCT[ PF KP #WIUDWTI 'TGEVGF C PGY ECVJGFTCN HTQPVKURKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF VQQM OGCUWTGU VQ EQPUGTXG VJG YJQNN[ WPFCOCIGF 4QOCP EKV[ YCNNU 6JG FGRKEVKQP VJGTGQH QP VJG EQKPU KU HQWPF HKTUV WPFGT CTEJDKUJQR #PPQ UGG VJGTG PQ

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ *' 4+ #0 8# KP VJG CPINGU %4+56+#0# 4'.+)+1 4 6GORNG YKVJ HKXG EQNWOPU CPF ETQUU QP VQR 5%# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM IT &CTM RCVKPC C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG (KPP -GPFCN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ 'Z , ( %JQYP EQNNGEVKQP

#001 ++ 5QP QH C 5YCDKCP RGGT *G UVTWEM [GV C UOCNN KUUWG YKVJ VJG GORGTQTU VKVNG 5VTWEM EQKPU KP #PFGTPCEJ CPF 4GGU 4GDGNNKQP QH VJG EKVK\GPU QH %QNQIPG KP DNQQFKN[ UVTWEM FQYP YKVJ CP CTO[ TCKUGF KP 0GWUU /CP[ KORWNUGU KP EQPVGORQTCN CTV GOCPCVG HTQO JKO *KUVQTKCPU ICXG JKO VJG GRKVJGV ŋVJG UCKPVŌ #PPQ YCU QPG QH VJG OQUV KPHNWGPVKCN DKUJQRU QH %QNQIPG %QPVGORQTCTKGU ECNNGF JKO ō&KG $NÒVG WPF FCU .KEJV &GWVUEJNCPFUŌ VJG DNQUUQO CPF VJG NKIJV QH )GTOCP[ *G GZVGPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ VQYCTFU VJG UQWVJ 7PFGT JKO VJG EKVK\GPU TGXQNVGF CICKPUV VJG WPVKN VJGP WPSWGUVKQPGF FQOKPCVKQP QH VJG VQYP D[ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU 6JKU TGXQNV YCU NGF D[ TKEJ OGTEJCPVU CPF VJG KOOGFKCVG ECWUG YCU VJG TGSWKUKVKQPKPI QH C UJKR 6JG ITWGUQOGPGUU QH VJG RWPKUJOGPV VQ VJG EKV[ UVQQF KP INCTKPI EQPVTCUV VQ JKU RKGV[ CV VJG HQWP FCVKQP QH EJWTEJGU CPF OQPCUVGTKGU 6JG TGNCVKQPUJKR DGVYGGP EKVK\GPU CPF EJWTEJ TGOCKPGF DCF

&GPCT # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT #001 #4%*+'2% 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU DGJKPF YCNN YKVJ ICVG +/#)1 5 %1.10+' &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM XCT IT 5OCNN HNCP QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP 6JG 5 KP VJG KPUETKRVKQP QP TGXGTUG ETQUUGF D[ C JQTK\QPVCN NKPG *GTG HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG C EJWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU KU FGRKEVGF DGJKPF C YCNN YKVJ C ICVGYC[ #TEJDKUJQR *GTOCPP DWKNV C EJWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF EQPUGTXGF VJG CPEKGPV EKV[ YCNNU

&GPCT # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT DGVYGGP VJTGG RGNNGVU CPF CPPWNGV #001 #4%*+'2% 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU DGJKPF YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF 2 ' 6 4 YKVJKP +/#)1 5 %1.10+' &CPPGPDGTI

EH *·XGTPKEM EH IT 44 +TTGIWNCT HNCP CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ 6JG 5 QP TGXGTUG KU ETQUUGF D[ C JQTK\QPVCN NKPG 6JG YGKIJV KU NQY

170

KÖLN *+.&1.(

&GPCT # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU *+.61.(85 #4%*+'25 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU DGJKPF YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF VJTGG TKPIU YKVJKP 5#0% 6# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI *·XGT PKEM IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 5VTKMGU CNUQ KP VJG &WVEJ VQYP QH 9GUUGO &WTKPI JKU TGKIP HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG JG WUGU JKU RQTVTCKV DQVJ KP HTQPV CPF UKFG XKGY VJKU EQKP KU PQV RTGUGPV JGTG

5+)9+0 6JG RKNNCIG QH VJG CTEJGRKUEQRCN RCNCVKPCVG CV VJG TGXQNV FWTKPI VJG TGKIP QH #PPQ KP NGF VQ VJG NQUU QH ITGCV RCTVU QH VJG NKDTCT[ CPF VJG FGGFU 6JCV KU YJ[ YG QHVGP MPQY DWV HGY FGVCKNU YJKEJ OCMGU VJG EQKPU GXGP OQTG XCNWCDNG %QKPEKFGPVCNN[ C ITGCV HKTG FGUVTQ[GF NCTIG HKNGU QH FQEWOGPVU WPFGT 5KIYKP VQQ 6JG EJWTEJ 5V /CT[ CF ITCFWU QP VJG UVGR YCU DWTPV VQ VJG ITQWPF GPXGNQRKPI VJG GCUV RCTV QH VJG ECVJGFTCN OQPCUVGT[ #V VJG EQPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG PGY 9CNNTCH 4KEJCTV\ OWUGWO OWUGWO .WFYKI KP TGEGPV [GCTU VJG HQWPFCVKQPU QH 5V /CT[ CF ITCFWU YGTG FKUEQXGTGF CV VJG DCEM QH VJG ECVJGFTCN

&GPCT # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 5+)' 88+085 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ HKXG EQNWOPU CPF VYQ VQYGTU QXGT YCXGF NKPG VJG TKXGT 4JKPG 5#0%6# %1.10# &CPPGPDGTI *·XGTPKEM IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CPF C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

$4701 ++ )4#( XQP $'4) 1TKIKPCNN[ &GCP QH VJG %CVJGFTCN )QVVHTKGF QH :CPVGP JCF DGGP GNGEVGF UWEEGUUQT *QYGXGT VJG CHHCKT UGGOGF VQ JCXG DGGP UQ KORQTVCPV VJCV GXGP -KPI .QVJCKT JKOUGNH JCUVGPGF VQ %QNQIPG CPF RGTUWCFGF )QVVHTKGF VQ YKVJFTCY +P VJG PGY GNGEVKQP $TWPQ YCU EJQUGP WPCPKOQWUN[ *G FKGF KP VJG #RWNKCP VQYP QH 6TCPK CPF YCU DWTKGF KP VJG $CUKNKEC QH 5CP 0KEQNC KP $CTK

2HGPPKI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM RGNNGV QXGT DQQM CPF 2 + 8 5 WPFGT DWUV $ 01 # 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 5# 0% 6# %1.10+# &CPPGPDGTI EH *·XGT PKEM IT 44 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CPF NKVVNG GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP 6JG -CVCNQI QH VJG /ÒP\\GPVTWO OGPVKQPU VJCV VJKU KU C EQWPVGTHGKV 6JG QTKIKPCN YCU UVTWEM KP %QNQIPG CPF JCF VJG NGIGPFU $4801 #4%*'+2 5#0%6# %1.10+# 7PFGT VJG EJWTEJ 2+85 KU TGCF #EEQTFKPI VQ VJKU ECVCNQIWG VJGUG $GKUEJN·IG JCXG PQV DGGP UVTWEM KP %QNQIPG 7PFGT VJG EJWTEJ QP VJKU EQKP UGXGTCN ŋYCXGUŌ QEEWT 1P TGXGTUG C NGVVGT KU NGIKDNG % QP VJG UCOG URQV CU KP 5#0%6# QP VJG QTKIKPCN EQKPU

171

KÖLN

4'+0#.& XQP &#55'. 4GKPCNF QH &CUUGN FGUEGPFGF HTQO C HCOKN[ QH EQWPVU TGUKFKPI QP VJG TKIJV DCPM QH VJG 9GUGT CV *KNF GUJGKO #V CP GCTN[ CIG JG GPEQWPVGTGF VJG 5VCWHGTU COQPI QVJGTU CDDQV 9KDCNF QH 5VCDNQ *G DGECOG FGCP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN QH /ÒPUVGT QH VJG 5V 5GTXCVKWU KP /CCUVTKEJV CPF KP :CPVGP #NN VJKU NGF VQ JKU CRRQKPVOGPV VQ EJCPEGNNQT KP *G TGFGHKPGF VJG EQPEGRV QH UCETWO KORGTKWO ŋJQN[ GORKTGŌ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Ò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

2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 4'+0#.& #4 %*+' 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 5% # %1.10+# 2#%+5/ #6 *·XGTPKEM IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #EWVKQP PQ

'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV -KGJP -ÌNP 6JG NGIGPF QP QDXGTUG CU FGRKEVGF CDQXG + ECPPQV KFGPVKH[ + TGCF #46 CPF + VJKPM VJCV QP VJG TGXGTUG VJG NGIGPF GPFU YKVJ CP # QH %1.10+# HQNNQYGF D[ C UKIP C HQQVGF UOCNN ETQUU YKVJ C NKPG QP VQR CNUQ HQQVGF + FQWDV VJKU KU C 6

1DQN # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM RGNNGV QXGT DQQM 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF TKPI YKVJKP *·XGTPKEM IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ +P %CV /ÒP\\GPVTWO KPFKECVGF CU 5VWOOGT 1DQN FWOD QDQN UVTWEM KP VJG RGTKQF

172

KÖLN

2HGPPKI 4GGU # #TEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM UVCPFKPI HCEKPI 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG UOCNN ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING % + + % 8 + 8 + *·XGTPKEM IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

X F &WUUGP /CCUVTKEJV +P %CV /ÒP\\GPVTWO KPFKECVGF CU 5VWOOGT NGKEJVGT &GPCT FWOD NKIJV FGPCTKWU CHVGT 5GG CNUQ WPFGT 0KOYGIGP PQ CPF VJG CTVKENGU ŋ&TKG OKFFGNGGWYUG OWPVLGUŌ &G $GGNFGTPCCT PQ R GP ŋ6YGG G GGWYUG RGPPKPIGP WKV FG OWPVXQPFUV #TPJGOŌ &G $GGNFGPCCT R

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

(4+'&4+%* +

2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF GORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG NCPEG! CPF QTD UVCT WPFGT QTD (4+&'4+8%+2$+0% 4 6JTGG VQYGTU QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF ETQUU KP KV '# %1610+# 2#+%++#+ *·XGTPKEM IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 6JG $CTDCTQUUC JQCTF EQPVCKPGF CP KFGPVKECN URGEKOGP CNUQ YKVJ TGICTF VQ VJG VGZV UGG %CV .CP\ PQ 6JKU EQKP JGTG KU CUETKDGF VQ &WKUDWTI YKVJ C SWGUVKQP OCTM %QORCTG *·XGTPKEM .ÒEMIGT 5NI )CGVVGPU 5NI /G[GT %CV /ÒP\\GPVTWO PQ CPF .CIQO CTVKENG D[ + 5VGYCTV ŋ5QOG )GTOCP %QKPU QXGTUVTWEM YKVJ 5VGTNKPI 6[RGUŌ YJGTG VJKU V[RG KU GPVGTGF CU PQ R

3WCFTCPU # 'PVJTQPGF GORGTQT YKVJ QTD CPF RCNO NGCH 4 6JTGG VQYGTU QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF UVCT KP KV *·XGTPKEM IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 1XCN HNCP VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

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175

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176

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178

KÖLN 5+')(4+'& XQP 9'56'4$74) 6JG DCVVNG CV 9QTTKPIGP KP UJCRGF VJG TGNCVKQPU DGVYGGP VJG 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT CPF VJG EKVK\GPU FGEK UKXGN[ +ORQTVCPV EJCPIGU VQQM RNCEG $QPP DGECOG VJG TGUKFGPVKCN EKV[ CPF EQPUGSWGPVN[ VJG RTKPEG GNGEVQT PQ NQPIGT UVTWEM EQKPU YKVJKP VJG EKV[ YCNNU DWV YGPV VQ VJG UWTTQWPFKPI XKNNCIGU QH VJG %QNQIPG RTKPEGFQO PGCT $QPP UWEJ CU 4KGJN -ÌPKIUFQTH <QPU 4JGPU #PFGTPCEJ CPF &GWV\ *G FKGF QP #RTKN VJ KP $QPP CPF YCU KPVGTTGF KP VJG %CUUKWU OQPCUVGT[

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179

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6WTPQUG &GWV\ # /KVTGF JGCF HCEKPI KP OWNVKNQDG UJKGNF QH -ÌNP QP DTGCUV 9#.4#/ ⁄ #4%*+'2%5 ⁄ %1.10+' 4 /10'6# ⁄ 68;%+'0 CTQWPF ETQUU :2% ⁄ 8+%+6 ⁄ :2% 4')0#6 ⁄ :2% ⁄ +02#6 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

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/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

6WTPQUG $QPP # : 9#.4 #4%*+ : CTQWPF OKVTGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJKP CTEJGU GPENQUKPI VTGHQKNU 4 /10 '6# $80 '05 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF $0&+%68 ⁄ 5+6 ⁄ 01/' ⁄ &0+ ⁄ 04+ ⁄ &'+ ⁄ +*8 ⁄ :2+ 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG $QWIJV GZ &GMMGT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO F F 6JG HKHVJ CPF VJG PKPVJ ENQXGT YKVJQWV C UVGO

180

KÖLN 9+.*'./ XQP )'00'2 +V KU UVTCPIG VQ VJKPM VJCV 9KNNKCO DGECOG CP CTEJDKUJQR CICKPUV JKU YKNN #PF [GV VJG RQRG OCFG C IQQF FGEKUKQP CV VJG GPF QH JKU TGKIP YJKEJ FKF PQV NCUV XGT[ NQPI VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE EQWNF DG UGGP CU C RTQU RGTQWU CPF HWPEVKQPCN VGTTKVQT[ 9KNNKCO QH EQWTUG JCF JCF CORNG QRRQTVWPKV[ VQ ICVJGT TKEJ GZRGTK GPEG $GHQTG &GEGODGT VJ YJGP JG YCU EQPUGETCVGF KP #XKIPQP D[ 2QRG %NGOGPU 8+ JG YCU C ENQUG EQPHKFCPV VQ 9CNTCO QH ,ÒNKEJ JKU RTGFGEGUUQT CU YGNN CU ECPQP QH VJG %QNQIPG ECVJGFTCN CPF FGCP CV 5V 2CVTQENWU KP 5QGUV 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 YJQO JG OGV QP CTTCPIGOGPV PQY CPF VJGP YCU JKU RCVTQP CPF HTKGPF #U TGEQTFGF D[ 5Ò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

&QRRGNUEJKNNKPI $QPP # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP DQQM CPF ETQUU QXGT UJKGNF (WEJUUEJGTGPYCRRGP QH )GPPGR 9+..'./85 ” #4'285 ” %1.10+' 4 /10'6# ” $80'05+5 CTQWPF ETQUU :2% ⁄ 8+0%+6 ⁄ :2% ⁄ 4')0#6 ⁄ :2% ⁄ +/2' 0QUU J IT 44 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

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5EJKNNKPI $QPP # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP DQQM CPF ETQUU QXGT UJKGNF (WEJUUEJGTGP YCRRGP QH )GPPGR 9+..'/85 ” #4 ” '285 ” %1.10+' 4 /10'6# ” $80'05+5 CTQWPF ETQUU :2% ” 8+0%+6 ” :2% ” 4')0#6 ” :2% 0QUU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 0KEG FCTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

181

KÖLN -WPQ QH (CNMGPUVGKP CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ JGNF VJG QHHKEG QH XKECT KP %QNQIPG QH EQCFLWVQT

CPF KP IQXGTPGF %QNQIPG YJKEJ VCUM YCU RTQNQPIGF HQT C [GCT KP VJG RGTKQF QH (TGFGTKEM QH 5CCTYGTFGP &WTKPI VJKU RGTKQF EQKPU OGPVKQPKPI VJGUG QHHKEGU JCXG DGGP UVTWEM KP %QNQIPG CU YGNN CU 6TKGT +H VJG EQKPU JCXG DGGP UVTWEM KP 6TKGT VJG[ JCXG DGGP GPVGTGF VJGTG

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9GKRHGPPKI &GWV\ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ YKVJKP IQVJKE GFKHKEG WPFGT VYQ UJKGNFU

5CCTYGTFGP CPF /KP\GPDGTI (4+&+%85 #4'2885 %1.10 4 &KXKFGF UJKGNF QH -ÌNP CPF 6TKGT KP OWNVKNQDG 2'4; 6##.#4%#0% /10'6# 68;% 0QUU IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO *GTG HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG YG UGG 2GT[VCN 6JG EQORNGVG VGZV QP TGXGTUG TGCFU 2'4 +6#. +#/ #4 %*+ % # 0 %'..#4+75 2QUUKDN[ VJKU VGZV KU RTGEGFGF D[ 5#%4+ +/2' 4 ++ 6JKU VGZV YCU EJQUGP KOOGFKCVGN[ CHVGT JKU KPXGUVKVWTG CPF JKU PQOKPCVKQP VQ VJG FKIPKV[ QH CTEJEJCPEGNNQT HQT +VCN[ #P CPCNQIWG VGZV DWV VJGTG YKVJ 2'4 )#..+#/ YG HKPF YKVJ -WPQ QH (CNMGPUVGKP UGG PQ WPFGT 6TKGT

9GKRHGPPKI 4KGJN # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ YKVJKP IQVJKE GFKHKEG WPFGT VYQ UJKGNFU 5CCTYGTFGP CPF /KP\GPDGTI (4+&+%85 ⁄ #4'285 %1.1 4 &KXKFGF UJKGNF QH -ÌNP CPF 6TKGT KP OWNVKNQDG 2'4;6#. #4%0 ⁄ /10'6# 4;.'0 0QUU E IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\JCPFNWPI (TCPMHWTV #HVGT CP KPVGTTWRVKQP QH [GCTU VJKU KU VJG HKTUV EQKP VQ DG UVTWEM QP VJG ECUVNG QH 4KGJN 6TGCV[ QH

182

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)QNFIWNFGP $QPP # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP JKU NGIU (4+&+%85 #4285 %1.0 4 (KXG UJKGNFU KP SWCVTGHQKN 5CCTYGTFGP -ÌNP 6TKGT /CKP\ CPF $C[GTP 2'46#. #4%#0 /10'6# $85 (D C 0QUU D IT 9GNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 7PFGT VJG VTGCV[ QH +P -CV /ÒP\\GPVTWO KU OGPVKQPGF

)QNFIWNFGP $QPP # $WUV QH 5V 2GVTWU T YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP QP DTGCUV UJKGNF QH 5CCTYGTFGP WPFGT JKO (4+&+%85 #4285 %1. 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP 5CCTYGTFGP KP VTGHQKN 2'4+6#. #4%#0 /10'6# $8 (D 0QUU I IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV IQQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG

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/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

183

KÖLN &+'64+%* XQP /¤45 &KGVTKEJ YCU C ITCPF PGRJGY QH JKU RTGFGEGUUQT YJQO JG CUUKUVGF UQOG VKOG CU CFOKPKUVTCVQT 6JG ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT HCXQWTGF JKO QXGT 9KNJGNO QH ,ÒNKEJ $GTI 2QRG ,QJP ::+++ EQPHKTOGF VJG GNGEVKQP CPF KP VJG UCOG [GCT &KGVTKEJ DGECOG CFOKPKUVTCVQT QH 2CFGTDQTP WPVKN +P JG ETQYPGF -KPI 5KIKUOWPF KP #KZ NC %JCRGNNG *G YGPV VQ $QJGOKC VQ HKIJV VJG *WUUKVGU #U C TGYCTF 2QRG /CTVKP 8 ITCPVGF JKO VJG WPKQP YKVJ 2CFGTDQTP KPENWFKPI VJG TGXGPWGU 6JG PGY RQRG 'WIGPG +8 TGXGTUGF VJKU KP UQ VJG GZRGEVCVKQPU QH RQYGT HQT %QNQIPG ECOG VQ PQVJKPI &KGVTKEJ NQUV VJG UQ ECNNGF ŋ5QGUVGT (GJFGŌ HGWF CPF UWHHGTGF FGHGCV CV :CPVGP YJGTGD[ 5QGUV CPF :CPVGP HGNN VQ %NGXGU &KGVTKEJ YCU C UWRRQTVGT QH %QWPVGTRQRG (GNKZ 8 CU C TGUWNV QH YJKEJ JG YCU FGVJTQPGF D[ 4QOG CPF #FQNH QH %NGXGU YCU RWUJGF HQTYCTF CU VJG PGY ECPFKFCVG $GHQTG VJKU EQWNF DG TGCNKUGF JQYGXGT C PGY RQRG 0KEJQNCU 8 CTTKXGF YKVJ YJQO &KGVTKEJ TGEQPEKNGF 0QV LWUV C RQNKVKECN DKUJQR &KGVTKEJ FKF PQV PGINGEV JKU URKTKVWCN FWVKGU GKVJGT 6JG &KGV YCU HQTEGF VQ CEEGRV VJG 'TDNCPFGU 8GTGKPKIWPI CNNKCPEG QH KORGTKCN JGTGFKVCT[ FQOCKPU VJTQWIJ YJKEJ TKIJVU CPF QDNKICVKQPU YGTG GSWCNN[ UJCTGF D[ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE CPF VJG &KGV &KGVTKEJ UVTWEM PQ NGUU VJCP FKHHGTGPV IQNF HNQTKPU FKXKFGF QXGT HKXG OKPVU

)QNFIWNFGP $QPP # 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP /ÌTU YKVJKP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING VYQ MG[U -ÌNP CPF TQUGVVG 6*'1&+ %#4 '2+ %1.10+ 4 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP QP DTGCUV /10'6# $8+05+5 ú (D 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

9GKRHGPPKI $QPP # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP QP DTGCUV UJKGNF QH /ÌTU WPFGT JKO VYQ UJKGNFU YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCINGU QXGT JKO 6*'1&+% #4'285 %1.1+ 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP /ÌTU YKVJKP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING VYQ MG[U -ÌNP CPF TQUGVVG 6*'1&+ %#4'2+ %1.10+ 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RQTVTCKV -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGV #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

9GKRHGPPKI $QPP # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ UJKGNF QH -ÌNP QP DTGCUV UJKGNF QH /ÌTU WPFGT JKO VYQ UJKGNFU YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCINGU QXGT JKO 6*'&'4+185 #*'25 %1.1 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP /ÌTU YKVJKP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING VYQ MG[U -ÌNP CPF TQUGVVG /10'6# 018#0 Q 100'0 0QUU E IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ HKPG RCVKPC

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV *GUU (TCPMHWTV

184

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*GNNGT $QPP # 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP YKVJ UOCNN UJKGNF QH /ÌTU KP EGPVTG 4 %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN CPF TQUGVVG KP EGPVTG 6 * ' 1 KP VJG CPINGU 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

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)QNFIWNFGP 4KGJN # #TEJDKUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 6*'1&+% #4%2+ %1. 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ UJKGNF QH /ÌTU KP EGPVTG /10'6# 018# #84'# 4+. (D C 0QUU E IT 8GT[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ P F %QKPU YKVJ CP KFGPVKECN KOCIG QDXGTUG CPF TGXGTUG CTG HQWPF KP 7VTGEJV WPFGT 4WFQNH QH &KGRJQNV UGG PQU CPF

185

KÖLN

)QNFIWNFGP 4KGJN # 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP /ÌTU QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF 6*'1ŉ #4%2ŉ %1.1ŉ /1 4+ 4 6JTGG UJKGNFU 2HCN\ $C[GTP 6TKGT 4CDCP /CKP\ # 01 &0+ / %%%%

:::8+++ (D .GXKPUQP + 0QUU IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDTWCT[ PQ ŋ#O ,WNK HCPF KP 0ÒTPDGTI GKP 4GKEJUVCI UVCVV )GNGIGPVNKEJ FGT 4GHQTODGUVTGDWPIGP XQP -CKUGT #NDTGEJV MCO FC GKP 8QTUEJNCI FGU -ÌNPGT 'T\DKUEJQHU \WTGEJV FGT XQTUCJ FCUU KO IGUCOVGP 4GKEJ GKPG GKPJGKVNKEJG /ÒP\G IGRT·IV YGTFGP UQNNG FGT -CKUGT OKV FGP 5V·PFGP \WUCOOGP KP PWT /ÒP\UV·VVGP &KG 5CEJG YCT LGFQEJ \WO UEJGKVGTP XGTWTVGKNV YGKN MGKPGT CWH UGKP /ÒP\TGEJV XGT\KEJVGP YQNNVG #WGTFGO J·VVG FKGU DGFGWVGV PQEJ HGKPJCNVK IGT \W RT·IGP YGKN FCU 6GTTKVQTKCNIGNF ÒDGTVTQHHGP YGTFGP OWUUVG (GKPJCNVKIGT RT·IGP JGKV PCVÒTNKEJ CWEJ VGWGT RT·IGP +O 8QTUEJNCI FGU 'T\DKUEJQHU YKTF -CTCV IGPCPPV HGKPGT CNU &WMCVGPIQNF CNUQ HÒT FKG FCOCNKIG <GKV UEJQP CWU VGEJPKUEJGP )TÒPFGP WPFWTEJHÒJTDCT 'U GTUEJGKPV PCJG\W ITQVGUM FCUU FKGUGT 8QTUEJNCI XQP GKPGO 5QWXGT·P MQOOV FGT KP UGKPGO GKIGPGP .CPF FKG ITÌVG (KPCP\PQV UQYKGUQ UEJQP JCVVGŌ 0QUU

4724'%*6 2(#.<)4#( DGK 4*'+0 6JG 'TDNCPFUXGTGKPKIWPI EQPENWFGF WPFGT JKU RTGFGEGUUQT YCU VQ ECWUG 4WRTGEJVU FQYPHCNN *G YCU C UQP QH 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT .QWKU +++ QH VJG 2CNCVKPCVG *G YCU ECPQP KP %QNQIPG 8GT[ UQQP JG IQV KPVQ EQPHNKEV YKVJ VJG &KGV DGECWUG JG FKF PQV OGGV JKU QDNKICVKQPU KP VJG 'TDNCPFUXGTGKPKIWPI &WMG )GTJCTF QH ,ÒNKEJ JCF FGVGTOKPGF KP VJCV KH JG YGTG VQ FKG KPVGUVCVG VJG GUVCVG $NCPMGPDGTI YQWNF HCNN VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE +P VJG OGCPVKOG VJG FGHKEKVU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE JCF UWTIGF VQ C NGXGN YJGTG VJKU RTQLGEV JCF VQ DG VJYCTVGF YJKEJ YCU FQPG VJTQWIJ OGFKCVKQP QH JKU DTQVJGT 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT (TGFGTKEM QH VJG 2CNCVKPCVG #NTGCF[ DGHQTG )GTJCTFŉU FGOKUG KP VJG CTEJDKUJQR YCU HQTEGF VQ IKXG WR JKU GZRGEVCVKQPU CICKPUV C UWO QH IQNF HNQTKPU +P 4WRTGEJV YCU FGRQUGF D[ VJG ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT CPF *GTOCPP QH *GUUGP DGECOG UWDUVKVWVG *KU HTWKVNGUU UKGIG QH 0GWUU URGF WR JKU FGRQUCN +P JG YCU KPECTEGTCVGF CPF JG FKGF QP VJG ECUVNG $NCPMGPUVGKP PGCT /CTDWTI QP ,WN[ VJ

9GKRHGPPKI 4KGJN # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP 412'46' .'% '%. %1 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP 2HCN\ $C[GTP -ÌNP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UOCNN UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 2HCN\ CPF $C[GTP /10' 018# 4+.' 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV -KGJP -ÌNP

9GKRHGPPKI $QPP # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH -ÌNP 2HCN\ 412'468 5 #4%2+ %1 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP 2HCN\ $C[GTP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UOCNN UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING /CKP\ -ÌNP CPF $C[GTP : /10' : 018#: $800' : 0QUU IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV 9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

186

KÖLN

$NCPMGP &GWV\ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ DQQM CPF MG[ DGVYGGP VJG UJKGNFU QH -ÌNP CPF 2HCN\ $C[GTP 412'4685 ^ #4+ ^ '25 ^ %1.10+' 4 )41585 68+%+5 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ QPG UVCT KP GCEJ CPING ü $0&+%68 5+6 01/' &0+ 04+ +*8 :2+ 0QUU C IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ #TOU CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG NQPI VGZV QP TGXGTUG ŋ5EJKNF OKV PCEJ NKPMU URTKPIGPFGO YGUVH·NKUEJGU 2HGTFŌ 5JKGNF YKVJ 9GUVRJCNKCP JQTUG LWORKPI VQ VJG NGHV

*'4/#00 +8 XQP *'55'0 (TQO *GTOCPP YCU C UWDUVKVWVG KP VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE *KU OCKP VCUM YCU VQ DTKPI QTFGT KP VJG HK PCPEGU 6Q VJCV GPF JKU HTKGPFUJKR YKVJ (TGFGTKEM +++ CPF JKU UQP YGTG QH ITGCV KORQTVCPEG *G JCF NKVVNG QT PQ KPVGTGUV KP KORGTKCN RQNKVKEU DWV FKTGEVGF JKU CVVGPVKQP VQ VJG RTKPEGFQO GNGEVQTCVG 6JKU FKF PQV EJCPIG YJGP JG DGECOG CTEJDKUJQR QH 2CFGTDQTP KP *G GPLQ[GF ITGCV RQRWNCTKV[ YJKEJ YCU RCTVKEWNCTN[ GZRTGUUGF CV JKU FGOKUG KP 2QRRGNUFQTH KP

)QNFIWNFGP $QPP # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ DQQM CPF MG[ QXGT UJKGNF QH <KGIGPJCKP *GUUGP * /#+ /'6+ ''.'%6+ '%'.' %1.10 4 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP *GUUGP 0KFFC -ÌNP QP NQPI ETQUU /10' 018# #84' $100' (D 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 9KVJ VJG VKVNG '.'%685 #TOU QP TGXGTUG 6JG UVCTU QH 0KFFC JCXG GKIJV TC[U

*GNNGT $QPP # 5JKGNF QH -ÌNP *GUUGP <KGIGPJCJP -ÌNP 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP

(TQO NKUV HGDTWCT[ PQ

$NCPMGP # 68410 68+%0 CTQWPF EJ³VGN VQWTPQKU QXGT UJKGNF QH -ÌNP *GUUGP <KGIGP JCJP -ÌNP *'4/#00+ Q #4%*+ Q '2+ Q %1.10+'0 4 #0 / %%%% .:::++ CTQWPF ETQUU UJKGNF QH 9GUVRJCNKC 5+6 01/'0 &1/+0+ $'0'&+%68/ .GXKPUQP + 0QUU IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ &KG QH 4WVKIGT -NWRRGPGT 5EJWNVGP

187

KÖLN

%+6; -¤.0 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM +++ ITCPVGF OKPV TKIJV VQ VJG VQYP QH %QNQIPG QP ,CPWCT[ VJ 6JG EJCTVGT OGPVKQPU VJG HQNNQYKPI ŉ9CPP YKT PWP CPIGUGJGP FKG IGVTGWGP CPIGPGJOGP WPF PÒ\NKEJGP &KGPUVG UQ WPU WPF FGO *GKNKIGP 4GKEJG FKG 'JTUCOG WPUGTG WPF FGUU 4GKEJU NKGDGP )TGVTGWGP $WTIGTOGKUVGT WPF 4CVJ FGT 5VCFV %ÌNNP ÌHHV YKNNKINKEJ WPF WPXGTFTQUUGPFNKEJ IGVJCP JCDGP WPF MÒPHHVKIGT <GKV YQJN VJWP OÌIGP WPF UQNNGP UQ JCDGP YKT OKV YQJNDGFCEJVGP )GOÒVJ WPF IWVGP \GKVKIGP 4CVJ WPUGT WPF FGU 4GKEJU %JWT (ÒTUVGP )TCHGP *GTTGP WPF )GVTGWGP UQ FCPP \WOCJN KP GKPGT OGTEMNKEJGP #P\CJN XGTUCONGV DG[ WPU IGYGUGP UG[P WPF TGEJVGT 9KUUGP FGPUGNDGP QH %ÌNNP FKGUG DGUQPFGTG )PCF IGVJCP WPF FKG (TG[JGKV IGIGDGP VJWP WPF IGDGP KJPGP FKG CWEJ QH 4ÌOKUEJGT -C[GTNKEJGT /CEJV 8QNNMQOOGPJGKV WPF TGEJVGT 9KUUGP JGKV KP %TCHHV FKGUGU $TKGHHGU CNUQ FC PWP JKPHÒJTQ \W GYKIGP <GKVGP FKG IGOGNVG 5VCFV %ÌNNP )QNF WPF 5KNDGT CWHH FGP )TCF WPF 9GTVJ OÒP\GP WPF UEJNCIGP NCUUGP OÌIGP YKG FKG FCPP WPUGTG WPF FGU 4GKEJU %JWT (ÒTUVGP CWH FGP 4JGKP NCUUGP OÒP\GP WPF UEJNCIGP QH CNNGTO·PPKINKEJ WPXGTJKPFGTV FQEJ WPU WPF FGO *GKNKIGP 4GKEJ WPF UQPUV O·PPKINKEJ WPXGTITGKHHGPFNKEJ WPF WPUEJ·FNKEJŉ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

)TQUEJGP # %KV[ CTOU KP VTGHQKN +#52#4 /'.%*+1 $#.6*#5 4 #)2 2+# 1.+ &%' CTQWPF HNQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG )415 585%+8 +6#65 %1.10+ 0QUU E IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (TQO NKUV PQ (KTUV EQKP QH VJG VQYP QH %QNQIPG /QPG[GT /CVVJKCU XQP 5RG[GT 9CTFGKP 2GVGT $GPV\GNTQKFG ŋ#NU GTUVGT UV·FVKUEJGT /ÒP\OGKUVGT YWTFG 6JGKU CWU 5RG[GT CPIGUVGNNV 9Q FCU GTUVG /ÒP\IGD·WFG YCT MCPP PKEJV DGNGIV YGTFGP 0CEJ CNVGT 6TCFKVKQP YWTFGP CNU $GUVCPFVGKN FGU 9CRRGPU FKG -TQPGP IGY·JNV 'U KUV GKP <GKEJGP FGT 8GTGJTWPI IGIGPÒDGT FGP *N &TGK -ÌPKIGP FGTGP )GDGKPG UKEJ UGKV 4GKPCNF XQP &CUUGN KO &QO DGHKPFGPŌ

0QUU .GIGPF TGXGTUG #) TK 22+ P # 1.+ O & K % V '

)TQUEJGP CHVGT # %KV[ CTOU KP VTGHQKN +#52# /'.%* $#. 605 4 %1.10+'05+5 CTQWPF NQPI ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG )41 55+%8. 85%+8 +6#65 0QUU IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ #V VJG GPF QH %QNQPKGPUKU VYQ TQUGU QP VQR QH GCEJ QVJGT

188

KÖLN

9GKRHGPPKI # %JTKUV YKVJ DQQM KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT EKV[ CTOU : +#52 /'.%* $#.6* 4 %KV[ CTOU KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING UJKGNFU QH VJG 6JTGG 9KUG /GP : /10' %+8+6 %1.10 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG 0-4 (TQO VJG %WKLM JQCTF

6JG NKVVNG CTOU QP TGXGTUG CTG VJG CTOU QH VJG 9KUG /GP %CURCT $CNVJCUCT /GNEJKQT

*GNNGT /ÌJTEJGP # %KV[ CTOU 0QUU IT

'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #TQWPF

/+062.#%'5 KP VJG 2TQRGTV[ QH -¤.0 %QKPCIG UVCTVGF CV VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG HKTUV TGEQTFGF CTEJGRKUEQRCN KUUWG DGKPI QH 2JKNKR QH *GKPUDGTI 6JG NCUV CTEJGRKUEQRCN KUUWG HTQO (TGFGTKEM QH 5CCTYGTFGP RTGUWOCDN[ CHVGT VJG VTGCV[ QH

2*+.+22 XQP *'+05$'4)

5QGUV 2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG 8ŉU CPF QPG OKPVOCTM QH 5QGUV KP VJG CPINGU 2*+.2845 Q #%+1'25 4 5 %1.10+# # OQPQITCO *·XGTPKEM IT 8GT[ HKPG YKVJ HKPG RCVKPC -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ $GVYGGP

189

KÖLN

-104#& XQP *1%*56#&'0

2HGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM %1 04# &85 '2% 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2CVTQ ENWU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF NCPEG QXGT GFKHKEG YKVJ OKPVOCTM QH 5QGUV KP RQTVCN 5 2# 641%. 85 *·XGTPKEM IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JG FGRKEVKQP QH DQVJ 5V 2CVTQENWU CPF VJG ŋ5QGUVGT <GKEJGPŌ 5QGUV 5KIP UWHHKEGU VQ CUETKDG VJKU EQKP VQ 5QGUV YKVJ EGTVCKPV[ *·X

5+')(4+'& XQP 9'56'4$74)

2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF OKPVOCTM QH 5QGUV KP RQTVCN *·XGTPKEM IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCD -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV QDXGTUG CPF TGXGTUG CEEQTFKPI VQ *·XGTPKEM UJQWNF TGCF # 5+(4+&85 '2+5%128 4 %+8+6#5 585#%+'05+5%56%+

6JG PCOG QH VJG OKPV CRRGCTGF HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG QP EQKPU QH #TEJDKUJQR *GPT[ + DWV VJG #VVGPFQTH EQKP CPF CTOU UKIP VJG JCNH OQQP YCU HQWPF CNTGCF[ QP RHGPPKIU QH #TEJDKUJQR &KGVTKEJ 7R WPVKN PQY PQ #VVGPFQTH EQKPU HTQO DGHQTG JCXG DGGP TGEQTFGF YKVJ EGTVCKPV[ 6JKU EQKPCIG GPFGF YKVJ #TEJ DKUJQR 9KMDQNF DWV YCU VCMGP WR HQT C UJQTV RGTKQF CTQWPF

-104#& XQP *1%*56#&'0

#VVGPFQTP 2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM %104#&85 #4%*+'2% 4 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HNCIU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU QXGT YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF RGNNGV KP ETGUEGPV YKVJKP #&&'0&#44 # %+8+6#5 $GTIJCWU #VVGPFQTP *·XGTPKEM IT 4 +TTGIWNCT HNCP DWV YGNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

'0)'.$'46 ++ XQP (#.-'0$'4)

2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM ETGUEGPV T CDQXG '0)'.$'4 685 #4%*+' 4 0KODCVG DWUV YKVJ VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU YKVJKP YCNN YKVJ ICVG ó #0&'0&#44# %+8+6#5 $GTIJCWU #VVGPFQTP *·XGTPKEM IT 4 # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ *·XGTPKEM URGCMU QH ŋC UCKPVŌ ŋ6JKU EQKP KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH *·X %QPTCF QH *QEJUVCFGP

190

KÖLN 5+')(4+'& XQP 9'56'4$74) &KUTGICTFKPI C TQ[CN KUUWG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJCV TGOCKPU FWDKQWU EQKPCIG UVCTVGF WPFGT #TEJDKUJQR %QPTCF CPF VJG [QWPIGUV OGFKGXCN KUUWG KU QH #TEJDKUJQR 9KNNKCO

4GEMNKPIJCWUGP 2HGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 5+ (41 + &8 5'+51 4 4 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 4 '%.+ 0%*85'0 *·XGTPKEM IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #WEVKQP PQ 5RGEKOGP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH *CCTNQQ *·XGTPKEM URGCMU QH ŋC UCKPVŌ 6JG EQORNGVG VGZV QP TGXGTUG UJQWNF TGCF 4'%.+0%*85'0 %+8+6 *·X

2HGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF 5+(4 +& 85%1 4 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI 4 .85'0& *·XGTPKEM IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

*WK\KPIC &GNHV

/+062.#%'5 KP VJG LQKPV RQUUGUUKQP QH -¤.0 +P RTQORVGF D[ VJG RGTOKUUKQP HQT VJG EQPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG PGY EKV[ QH *GTHQTF #TEJDKUJQR 'PIGN DGTV + CRRTQRTKCVGF JCNH VJG TKIJVU VQ VJG PGY CPF QNF EKV[ HTQO VJG CDDGUU QH *GTHQTF *G UVCTVGF OKPVKPI KP *GTHQTF KOOGFKCVGN[ 7PFGT VJG CDDGUU CNTGCF[ VJG CTEJDKUJQR CRRGCTGF QP VJG EQKPU

5+')(4+'& XQP 9'56'4$74)

2HGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF HNCI QT MG[! 4 *GCF QH 5V 2CWNWU KP VTKCPING YKVJ QPG ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING 2'6 #21 561.8 6 *·XGTPKEM IT 4 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 2HGPPKI CHVGT /ÒPUVGT GZCORNG )TQVG (QT CP CPCNQIQWU V[RG EQORCTG PQ &GWV\ +P XKGY QH VJG TGEGUUGU KP VJG DCPPGT + YQWNF UC[ KV KU C MG[

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

*GNNGT # 5JKGNF YKVJ PKPG RGNNGVU CPF FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING KP EGPVTG 0QUU IT 44 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG 9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

191

TRIER

#NDWU EC # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 3WKTKPWU YKVJ ECR UYQTF CPF HNCI QXGT UJKGNF QH 0GWUU ENQCM ENQUGF D[ UVCT YKVJ UKZ TC[U :: 5 38+4+0 26'%60 :: 4 %TQYPGF UJKGNF YKVJ FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING DGVYGGP VJG UOCNNGT UJKGNFU QH -ÌNP 0GWUU CPF 6TKGT /1 018# 0855+'05 0QUU IT 4 8GT[ HKPG YKVJ RNGCUKPIN[ RCVKPC -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI %GTOCM 9KGP 'Z 5EJWNVGP #WEVKQP PQ 5EJWNVGP

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ŋ6TKGT DKUJQRŉU HGWFŌ YJGP .WFQNHU UWEEGUUQT #FCNDGTQ QH .WZGODWTI RTQXGF WPCEEGRVCDNG HQT *GPT[ ++ #V VJG GPF QH VJG HQNNQYKPI TGQTICPKUCVKQP 2QRRQ JCF DGEQOG CTEJ DKUJQR *G YCU ITCPVGF VJG MKPIŉU RCNCVKPCVG 5V (NQTKP KP -QDNGP\ CPF TGKPHQTEGF JKU RQUKVKQP XGTUWU PQDKNKV[ +P VJG KPXGUVKVWTG EQPVTQXGTU[ VJG 6TKGT CTEJDKUJQRU YGTG OGFKCVQTU YKVJ VJG GZEGRVKQP QH 'IKNDGTV +P EQKPCIG C PWODGT QH VJKPIU UVCPF QWV 6TKGT YCU QDXKQWUN[ C OGODGT QH VJG 4JKPG /KPV CNNKCPEG %QPURKEWQWUN[ CNN VJG IQNF EQKPU UVTWEM QP VJCV DCUG JCXG VJG GZCEV VJGQTGVKECN YGKIJV QH IT #NUQ 5V 2GVGTŉU MG[ CNYC[U JCU VJG HQTO QH C SWCVTGHQKN (KPCNN[ VJG 6TKGT EQKPU HTQO VJCV VKOG CTG UV[NKUVK ECNN[ TGNCVGF VQ VJQUG QH /GV\ CPF 6QWN PQU CPF CTG HTQO VJG UCOG JQCTF CU PQU

YKVJ VJG GZEGRVKQP QH PQ CPF VJQUG QH .WZGODWTI

21221 XQP $#$'0$'4) 2QRRQ UVGOOGF HTQO VJG [QWPIGT NKPG QH $CDGPDGTIGTU .KWVRQNF OCTTKGF VQ VJG (TCPEQPKCP 4KEJG\C #HVGT JKU GFWECVKQP JG UQQP GPEQWPVGTGF *GPT[ ++ YJQ CRRQKPVGF JKO FGCP QH VJG $CODGTI ECVJGFTCN *G UVC[GF C HCKVJHWN XCUUCN VQ VJG UWEEGUUKXG )GTOCP 'ORGTQTU *G YCU ITCPVGF -QDNGP\ CPF VJG EQWPV[ QH /CTHGNU 6CWPWU +P JG EQPUGETCVGF $TWPQ QH 6QWN VJG NCVGT 2QRG .GQ +: +P JG OCFG UWTG QH VJG VTCPUHGTTCN QH VJG TGNKEU QH /CVGTPWU VQ VJG 6TKGT ECVJG FTCN 5GG %QNQIPG 2QRRQ KPUVKICVGF VJG CFQTCVKQP QH 5KOGQP YJQ JCF DGGP ECPQPKUGF D[ 2QRG $GPG FKEVWU +:

192

&GPCT -QDNGP\ # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI %*8 10 4# &8 5 +/2 4 %TQUU YKVJ 2 # : 8 KP VJG CPINGU 2122 1 #4 %*+'25 %0) &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 9GKNNGT IT 44 0KEG RQTVTCKV CPF DTQCF HNCP XGT[ HKPG

TRIER 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ ŋ&CPPGPDGTI WPF 9GKNNGT QTFPGP FKGUGP 6[R WPVGT 6TKGT GKP NCUUGP CDGT CWEJ FKG 'PVUVGJWPI KP -QDNGP\ QHHGP &GT 5VKN KUV TJGKPKUEJ WPF YGKEJV FGWVNKEJ XQP FGP 6TKGTGT 'OKUUKQPGP 2QRRQU CD UQ FCUU GKPG CPFGTG TJGKPKUEJG /ÒP\ UV·VVG XQTCWU\WUGV\GP KUV &CHÒT DKGVGV UKEJ -QDNGP\ CP &KG $KNFMQORQUKVKQP WPF XQT CNNGO FCU $TWUVDKNF FGU -CKU GTU UVGJV FGP &WKUDWTIGT /ÒP\GP -QPTCFU ++ UGJT PCJG &KG 8GTNGIWPI PCEJ -QDNGP\ DGJGDV CWEJ FKG &CVKGTWPIU MCNCOKV·V DGK 9GKNNGT FGT FKGUGP 6[R OKV GKPGO \GKVNKEJGP #PUCV\ XQP XQT FKG WOHCPITGKEJGP WPF UVKNKU VKUEJ XÌNNKI CPFGTUCTVKIGP 6[RGP 9GKNNGT WPF 9GKNNGT IGSWGVUEJV JCV 9·JTGPF FKG -QDNGP\GT /ÒP\G PQEJ FGP 0COGP FGU -CKUGTU -QPTCF ++ HÒJTV KUV KP 6TKGT KO INGKEJGP <GKVTCWO DGTGKVU QJPG FGP 0COGP FGU -ÌPKIU -CKUGTU WPF PWT PQEJ OKV $KUEJQHUPCOGP IGOÒP\V YQTFGPŌ -NWIG KP )0 R

&GPCT 6TKGT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING +*)4#2 21212 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU

2QTVC 0KITC! CPF DGCTFGF JGCF QH 5V 5KOGQP KP RQTVCN # CDQXG %0) &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 9GKNNGT IT 9GNN UVTWEM HQT VJKU KUUWG # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ ŋ&GT GTUVG TGKP DKUEJÌHNKEJG 6TKGTGT /ÒP\V[R QJPG -ÌPKIUPCOGP &CU #TEJKVGMVWTOQVKX FGT 4ÒEMUGKVG YKTF XQP 9GKNNGT KP #PNGJPWPI CP &CPPGPDGTI WPF (TKGFGPUDWTI 5 CNU 2QTVC 0KITC FCU $TWUVDKNF CNU FGT JGKNKIG 5KOGQP IGFGWVGV FGT UKEJ KP GKPGO )GNC FGU 1UVVWTOGU GKPUEJNKGGP NKG JKGT UVCTD WPF DGITCDGP YWTFG 'T\DKUEJQH 2QRRQ GTTKEJVGVG CP FKGUGT 5VGNNG GKP -QNNGIKCVUVKHV 5CPMV 5KOGQP FCU \WGTUV GTY·JPV KUV #NU $GIKPP FGT 'OKUUKQP PKOOV 9GKNNGT FCU ,CJT FGT *GKNKIURTGEJWPI ! QFGT FKG )TÒPFWPI FGU 5KOGQPUVKHV

QFGT GVYCU HTÒJGT CP .CPFITGP V[R FCVKGTV FGP 6[R $GKFG #PU·V\G NKGIGP OGKPGU 'T CEJVGPU CPIGUKEJVU FGU 7OHCPIU FGT 2T·IWPI WPF FGT \YGK (QNIGV[RGP 2QRRQU \W UR·VŌ -NWIG KP )0 R 5KOGQP YCU C UQP QH )TGGM RCTGPVU CPF YCU DQTP KP 5[TCEWUG *G NGF RKNITKOU VQ ,GTWUCNGO CPF YCU C OQPM KP $GVJNGJGO CPF VJG 5KPCK $GECWUG QH JKU KPJGTKVCPEG HTQO &WMG 4KEJCTF JG YGPV VQ 8GTFWP CPF 6TKGT YKVJ CDDQV 'DGTYKP (TQO 6TKGT JG CEEQORCPKGF CTEJDKUJQR 2QRRQ QP C RKNITKOCIG VQ VJG *QN[ .CPF #HVGT JKU TGVWTP JG JCF JKOUGNH NQEMGF KP VJG GCUV VQYGT QH VJG 2QTVC 0KITC #HVGT JKU FGOKUG KP JG YCU DWTKGF KP VJG 2QTVC 0KITC #V VJG KPUVKICVKQP QH 2QRRQ JG YCU ECPQPKUGF

$4701 XQP $4'66'0 WPF .#7('0 $TWPQ ECOG VQ 6TKGT VJTQWIJ CTEJDKUJQR 7FQ XQP 0GNNGPDWTI VQ YJQO JG YCU TGNCVGF YJGTG JG DG ECOG FGCP WPFGT CTEJDKUJQR 'IKNDGTV *GPT[ +8 CRRQKPVGF JKO VQ CTEJDKUJQR KP YJGP JG YCU EQPUGETCVGF D[ #TEJDKUJQR #FCNDGTQ QH /CKP\ $TWPQ HTGSWGPVN[ OGV *GPT[ +8 #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH VJG NCVVGT JG JCF ITGCV KPHNWGPEG DWV JCF VQ DQY VQ %JCPEGNNQT #FCNDGTV NCVGT CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ #HVGT JKU RQNKVKECN KPHNWGPEG FGENKPGF *G FKF PQV VCMG RCTV KP VJG %QPEQTFCV QH 9QTOU KP

&GPCT # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT $4801 4*+'25%1$5 4 *CPF QP ETQUU 2CNNKWO! YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING $4 *+ '21% %0) &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG YKVJ 64'8'4+5 9GKNNGT IT 4 $TQCF HNCP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP PQ ŋ&CU 4ÒEMUGKVGPDKNF YKTF XQP &CPPGPDGTI WPF 5WJNG CNU *CPF CWH GKPGO -TGW\ IGFGWVGV YQDGK FGT YCCIGTGEJVG -TGW\DCNMGP FWTEJ FKG *CPF XGTFGEMV QFGT GTUGV\V YKTF 6QWTPGWT WPF KJO HQNIGPF 9GKNNGT UGJGP MGKP -TGW\ UQPFGTP FCU $TWUVDCPF FGU 2CNNKWOU &CU 2CNNKWO KUV FCU <GKEJGP FGT DGUQPFGTGP GT\DKUEJÌHNKEJGP 9ÒTFG YKTF XQO 2CRUV XGTNKGJGP WPF DGUVGJV CWU GKPGO TKPIHÌTOKI WO FKG 5EJWNVGT IGNGIVGP $CPF CWU YGKGT 9QNNG XQP FGO GKP NCPIGT 5VTGKHGP LGYGKNU XQT FGT $TWUV WPF ÒDGT FGP 4ÒEMGP JGTCDH·NNVŌ -NWIG KP )0 R +U VJKU EQKP RQUUKDN[ HTQO VJG JQCTF QH $¾DCPIG! 5GG VJG EQOOGPV CV PQ

193

TRIER

&GPCT # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT $4801 #4%*+'25 4 $WUV QH CP CPIGN HCEKPI 64'8'4 +5 %0) &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 9GKNNGT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG KU OCKPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH $¾DCPIG $GECWUG CV VJG CWEVKQP QH VJG #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP VJGTG YGTG OCP[ QH VJKU V[RG + YQPFGT KH VJKU EQKP KU PQV HTQO VJKU JQCTF 6JKU EQKP YKVJ CP KFGPVKECN TGXGTUG YCU UVTWEM D[ *GPT[ 8 CPF &WMG &KGVTKEJ QH .QTTCKPG

&GPCT # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT QXGT N UJQWNFGT CPF DNGUUKPI T JCPF $480 #4 %*+'25 4 -PGGNKPI 5V 2GVTWU T TGEKGXKPI MG[U 64 N KP HKGNF %0) &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 9GKNGT IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RQTVTCKV

5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% /& 'Z 2KORTG\ JQCTF PQ 1H VJKU V[RG C IQNF TGUVTKMG KU MPQYP RTQXGP D[ C FKG KFGPVKECN UKNXGT URGEKOGP KP VJG $¾DCPIG JQCTF 7R VQ PQY VJG CTEJDKUJQR JCF CNYC[U DGGP FGRKEVGF DCTGJGCFGF DWV JGTG C JGCF EQXGTKPI KU CRRCTGPV ŋFKCFGOCTVKIG /KVTCŌ

9GKNGT QT C ETQYP NKMG JGCF EQXGTKPI -NWIG

#401.& + XQP +5'0$74)

&GUEGPFKPI HTQO 4JKPKCP RGGTU #PQNF YCU TGNCVGF VQ *KNFGICTF XQP $KPIGP *G QHVGP TGUKFGF KP EQWTV EKTENGU CPF XKUKVGF +VCN[ HTGSWGPVN[ &GPCT 6TKGT # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM #401. 4 (KXG VQYGTU QP CTEJ ETQUU WPFGTPGCVJ 64 '8'4+ 5 9GKNNGT IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

#401.& ++ XQP +5'0$74)

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ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

194

TRIER

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR T YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM #40 1.% 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QXGT VJTGG CTEJGU YKVJ UVCT 64'8 '4+5 9GKNNGT IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 6JG DWUV KP VJKU EQKP FKHHGTU EQORNGVGN[ HTQO VJG QPG QH PQ

*'+04+%* ++ XQP (+056+0)'0

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR T YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM *'04+%85 4 -G[ DGVYGGP 5 2 RGNNGV T KP HKGNF 64'8'4'05+5 9GKNNGT IT 4 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

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ÌT\ DWV CNUQ DGECWUG QH RQNKVKECN FKHHGTGPEGU +P $CNFWKP XQVGF KP HCXQWT QH VJG FGVJTQPGOGPV QH .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP CPF JG UWRRQTVGF %JCTNGU +8

&QRRGNRHGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $#.& 8+0 4 'CING CPF MG[ 64'8'4 0QUU IT 9GNN UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO #WEVKQP PQ $GVYGGP

&QRRGNRHGPPKI # #TEJDKUJQR HCEKPI $#.& #4%*+ 64'8+4 4 5JKGNF QH .WZGODWTI /10'6# 64'8+4 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG $QWIJV GZ &GMMGT EQNNGEVKQP $QWIJV 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO F F

*CNDGT 5EJKNNKPI # #TEJDKUJQR HCEKPI Î ë $#.& ë #4%*+'25 ë Ï 4 6YQ ETQUUGF MG[U /10'6# ë 64'8'4 0QUU IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /G[GT EQNGNEVKQP

195

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

)QNFIWNFGP # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP QEVQHQKN %101 ” #4%*+'25 ” 64'8'4'0 4 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV 5 +1*#00'5 $ VYQ ETQUUGF MG[U (D 0QUU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ %C 6JG EQKP JCU PQ OQPG[GTU UKIP

6QWTPQUG -QDNGP\ # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP UKZHQKN VYQ ETQUUGF MG[U %101 ⁄ #4%*+'2+5%1285 ⁄ 64'8'4'0 4 VYQ ETQUUGF MG[U /10'6# ⁄ %10(.8 CTQWPF ETQUU 5#%4+ ⁄ +/2'4++ ⁄ 2'4 ⁄ )#.. ⁄ #4 %#0 0QUU IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV QP TGXGTUG TGCFU KP HWNN 5#%4+ +/2'4++ 2'4 )#.. +#/ #4 %*+ %#0 %'..#4+85 6JKU KU VJG HKTUV VKOG VJCV VJG PGY VKVNG ŋFGU JGKNKIGP 4GKEJGU 'T\MCP\NGT HÒT )CNNKGP CTEJEJCPEGNNQT QH VJG *QN[ 'ORKTG HQT )CWNŌ CRRGCTU TGHGTTKPI VQ VJG QNF MKPIFQO QH 7RRGT $WTIWPF[ VJCV JCF DGGP CESWKTGF VJTQWIJ #TEJDKUJQR $CNFWKP QH .WZGODWTI CNTGCF[ KP 6JKU EQKP KU HTQO C UOCNN JQCTF KP VJG 'KHGN

9GKRHGPPKI -QDNGP\ # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI %801 #4%* '25 64'8'0 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT -ÌNP KP UKZHQKN 2'4 )#. #4%#0 /10'6# %80 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG HKTUV RCTV QH VJG VGZV QP TGXGTUG OGCPU ŋ'T\MCP\NGT HWT )CNNKGPŌ UGG VJG EQOOGPV CV PQ %80 KU PQV C TGRGVKVKQP QH -WPQ DWV VJG CDDTGXKCVKQP QH %10(.8'06+# -QDNGP\

196

TRIER

5EJKNNKPI -QDNGP\ # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ QXGT UJKGNF QH /KP\GPDGTI ⁄ %801 #4'25 64'8'4 '2 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# %10(.8'0 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ %C 6JKU EQKP KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJG 'PINKUJ EQKPU QH 'FYCTF +++ CPF KU VJWU ECNNGF ŋ'PINKUEJŌ KP VJG OKPV VTGCVKGU

6WTPQUG 6TKGT # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP UKZHQKN VYQ ETQUUGF MG[U %101 ¶ #4%*+'2+5 %1285 ¶ 64'8'4 4 VYQ ETQUUGF MG[U /10'6# ¶ 64'8'4 CTQWPF ETQUU #&/+0+564#614 ¶ '%%' ¶ %1.10+' 0QUU D IT 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP YCU UVTWEM KP VJG RGTKQF YJGP -WPQ YCU CFOKPKUVTCVQT QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE %QNQIPG 6JGUG EQKPU CTG QHVGP NKUVGF WPFGT %QNQIPG DWV CU KP VJKU ECUG VJG OKPV KU 6TKGT KV KU GPVGTGF JGTG 6JKU EQKP KU HTQO C UOCNN JQCTF KP VJG 'KHGN

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ŉU GNGEVKQP QH 5KIKUOWPF

)QNFIWNFGP 1DGTYGUGN # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP JKU NGIU 9'40'4 85 #4'285 64' 4 (QWT UJKGNFU 6TKGT /CKP\ $C[GTP CPF -ÌNP CTQWPF CTOU QH /KP\GPDGTI KP SWCVTGHQKN /10'6# 018# W 9'5#.+'05+5 (D 0QUU IT 9GNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT VJG VTGCV[ QH

197

TRIER

)QNFIWNFGP -QDNGP\ # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP JKU NGIU 9'40'4 Z #4'25 ⁄ 64'8 4 (QWT UJKGNFU 6TKGT /CKP\ $C[GTP CPF -ÌNP CTQWPF CTOU QH /KP\GPDGTI KP SWCVTGHQKN /10'6# 018# %18'.'05+5 (D 0QUU HH XCT IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT VJG VTGCV[ QH

)QNFIWNFGP -QDNGP\ # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH /KP\GPDGTI UOCNN HCEGU YKVJKP VJG EQNWOPU 9'40'4 #4%* : 64 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GP DGTI KP VTGHQKN /1 UOCNN HCEG 0'6# ^ 018# ^ %18'.'+05+5 (D 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT VJG VTGCV[ QH (QT VJG NKVVNG HCEGU UGG VJG EQOOGPV WPFGT *CKPCWV 2CTV +

)QNFIWNFGP 1DGTYGUGN # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH /KP\GPDGTI UOCNN HCEGU YKVJKP VJG EQNWOPU Q 9'40*'4 #4'2 : 64 Q 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP VTGHQKN QXGT ETQUU /1 UOCNN HCEG 0'6# ª 018# ª 9'5#.+'05+5 (D XCT 0QUU IT 4 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI #WEVKQP PQ 0QUU EH -QDNGP\ 8GTVTCI XQP ŋ9CU JCV FCU -TGW\ CP FGT 5EJKNFURKV\G \W DGFGWVGP! &WTEJ FKG WPQTFGPVNKEJG WPF RNWORG 5VGNNWPI FKGUGT $GKHÒIWP IGP GTMGPPGP YKT FCUU GU UR·VGTG 'KPRWP\WPIGP UGKP OÒUUGP 9CJTUEJGKPNKEJ YCT FWTEJ FGP PGWGP 8GTVTCI XQP GKPG CNNIGOGKPG TGIG 6·VKIMGKV KP FGP MWTTJGKPKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP GKPIGVTGVGP UQ FCUU OCP KP FGT -QDNGP\GT /ÒP\G WO OÌINKEJUV XKGNG )QNFIWNFGP RT·IGP \W MÌPPGP RTG 5VGORGN XGTYGPFGV JCV 7O LGFQEJ PQVHCNNU FGP $GYGKU GKPGT XGTVTCIUMQPHQTOGP 2T·IWPI DG\ÒINKEJ FGU )GJCNVGU HÒJTGP \W MÌPPGP UKPF FKGUG 5VGORGN OCTMKGTV &KG 2TQDCVKQPUVCIG YWTFGP DGUQPFGTU CWEJ FWTEJ FKG 5VGNNWPI FGU RH·N\KUEJGP 8GTVTCIURCTVPGT XQTUEJTKHVUO·KI DG UWEJV Ō

198

TRIER

*GNNGT # %TQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG CPF 9 ' 4 0 KP VJG CPINGU 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GP DGTI 0QUU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ $GVYGGP

)QNFIWNFGP 1DGTYGUGN # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH /KP\GPDGTI UOCNN HCEGU YKVJKP VJG EQNWOPU 9'40*'4 #4%2 : 64 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP \GPDGTI KP VTGHQKN /1 UOCNN HCEG 0'6# ETGUEGPV YKVJ UOCNN HCEG 018# ETGUEGPV YKVJ UOCNN HCEG 9'5#.+'05 : (D 0QUU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG RKGEG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 'Z FG )GWU #WEVKQP PQ # 6TGCV[

)QNFIWNFGP 1DGTYGUGN # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV ETGUEGPV YKVJ UOCNN HCEG DGVYGGP JKU NGIU 9'40'4 #4%2 : 64' 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP VTGHQKN DGVYGGP VYQ UJKGNFU /KP\GPDGTI CPF /CKP\ CPF QXGT VYQ FTCIQPÅ&#x2030;U JGCFU : /1 UOCNN HCEG 0'6 #018# 9'5#. (D 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 6TGCV[ 6JG FGEQTCVKQP KP VJG NQYGT CTOU KU KPVGTGUVKPI VYQ UGCJQTUGU HCEKPI GCEJ QVJGT (QT VJG NKVVNG HCEGU UGG VJG EQOOGPV WPFGT *CKPCWV

199

TRIER

2GVGTUITQUEJGP 6TKGT # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI 9'40*' &'+ fi )4# #4'25 fi 64'8 4 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ 6KCTC ETQUU CPF MG[ /10'6# fi 018# fi 64'8 0QUU IT &CTM RCVKPC GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT JKU RTGFGEGUUQT -WPQ JCF WUGF KV URQTCFKECNN[ JGTG YG UGG HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG VJG VKVNG &'+ )4# CRCTV HTQO VJKU EQKP QPN[ WUGF D[ -WPQ 2GVTWU JCU PQV DGGP FGRKEVGF JGTG CU CP CRQUVNG NKMG JG QHVGP KU DWV CU HKTUV DKUJQR QH 4QOG JG YGCTU VJG VKCTC

5QNKFWU # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT /KP\GPDGTI KP UKZHQKN 9'40*' Âª #4'25 Âª 64'8' 4 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ QXGT ETQUUGF MG[U 51.+& Q 01885 Q 64' 0QUU IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

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

9GKÂRHGPPKI -QDNGP\ # 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT *GNOUVGFV KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING

/CKP\ 6TKGT CPF $C[GTP : 4#$# : #4%2 : 64'8' 4 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 4CDCP : # 00 : / : %%%% : :::8+++ : .GXKPUQP + 0QUU IT 4 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

200

TRIER ,#-1$ XQP 5+'4%- ,CMQD YCU HTQO C .QTTCKPG HCOKN[ *G YCU EJCPEGNNQT VQ VJG MKPI QH 5KEKN[ CPF NCVGT ECVJGFTCN UEJQNCUVKE KP 6TKGT 1P 5GRVGODGT VJ JG YCU GNGEVGF CTEJDKUJQR QH 6TKGT

9GKRHGPPKI -QDNGP\ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 5KGTEM : +#%1$85 : #4%2+ : 64 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT 5KGTEM KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING

/CKP\ 6TKGT CPF $C[GTP : /10' : 018# : : %18' 0QUU IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG

,1*#00 ++ XQP $#&'0 +P ,QJCPP YCU C RQUVWNCPV JG YCU PQV EQPUGETCVGF VQ CTEJDKUJQR QH 6TKGT WPVKN 6JG IQNF HNQTKP QH ,QJCPP KU VJG HKTUV VQ OGPVKQP C FCVG KP #TCDKE PWOGTCNU

4CFGTUEJKNNKPI -QDNGP\ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 6TKGT $CFGP +1* #'25 64'8'4 4 5JKGNF QH 6TKGT $CFGP KP VTGHQKN DGVYGGP VJG UJKGNFU QH -ÌNP CPF 6TKGT QXGT TQUG Q /10' Q Q 018# Q Q %10(. 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\JCPFNWPI (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

#4%*&+1%'5' /#+0< +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CNTGCF[ VJG FKQEGUG /CKP\ YCU QP TGEQTF +P VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG )CNNQ 4QOCP 5KFQPKWU YCU VJG HKTUV DKUJQR QH /CKP\ 7PFGT VJG /GTQYKPIKCPU VJG GNGOGPVCT[ RQUKVKQP QH /CKP\ DGECOG ENGCT %QKPU YGTG UVTWEM JGTG 6JG RCTVKEKRCVKQP QH VJG DKUJQRU QH /CKP\ KP VJG U[PQFU QH VJG VKOG CNUQ WPFGTNKPGF VJG KORQTVCPEG QH /CKP\ #HVGT $QPKHCEG GZVGPFGF VJG FKQEGUG KV DGECOG CP CTEJDKUJQRTKE KP *G YKFGPGF JKU KPHNWGPEG VQ *GUUGP 6JÒTKPIGP CPF VJG 9GUGT #OÌPGDWTI 'THWTV &WTKPI VJGUG %CTQNKPIKCP VKOGU VQQ OKPVKPI VQQM RNCEG KP /CKP\ +P VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ DGECOG RCTV QH VJG KORGTKCN EJWTEJ YJKEJ DTQWIJV KV VQ GSWCNKV[ VQ %QNQIPG 6TKGT CPF 5CN\DWTI +V UVGCFKN[ ICKPGF KORQTVCPEG JQYGXGT CPF C ITGCV PWODGT QH FKQEGUGU ECOG VQ HCNN WPFGT /CKP\ 9QTOU 5RG[GT 5VTCUDQWTI -QPUVCP\ %JWT #WIUDWTI 9ÒT\DWTI *CNDGTUVCFV 2CFGTDQTP *KNFGUJGKO CPF 8GTFGP 6JG RQRG ITCPVGF 9KNNKIGU GZVGPUKXG RTKXKNGIGU QXGT CNN CTEJDKUJQRTKEU KP )GTOCPKC CPF )CWN +P CFFKVKQP JG DGECOG KORGTKCN EJCPEGNNQT 6JG CTEJDKUJQR RC[GF NGUU CVVGPVKQP VQ VJG FGXGNQROGPV QH CDDG[U DWV [GV UQOG YGTG HQWPFGF UWEJ CU 5GNKIGPUVCFV CPF /KEJGNUVCFV +P VKOG OCP[ RQNKVKECN RGTVWTDCPEGU ECOG CDQWV CNUQ CU TGUWNV QH VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ 4WVJCTF HQT KPUVCPEG YCU KPXQNXGF KP VJG FGRQUGOGPV QH *GPT[ +8 KP +PIGNJGKO KP UGG WPFGT .KGIG 201

MAINZ &WTKPI VJG HKTUV SWCTVGT QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ UGEWNCT RQYGTU ECOG VQ RNC[ CP KORQTVCPV TQNG 6JKU ECWUGF EQPHNKEV YKVJ VJG QVJGT CTEJDKUJQRTKEU QP VJG QPG JCPF CPF PGKIJDQWTKPI UGEWNCT TWNGTU QP VJG QVJGT 'ZVGPUKQP DGECOG KORQUUKDNG CPF (TGFGTKEM + GXGP YGPV CU HCT CU VQ ENCKO C HKPCPEKCN EQPVTKDWVKQP HQT UGEWNCT RWTRQUGU %QPTCF QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ EQWNF QPN[ RCTVKCNN[ TGRCKT VJG FCOCIG FQPG 0QV WPVKN WPFGT VJG 'RRUVGKPGTU EQWNF GZVGPUKQP DG VCMGP QP CICKP HQT KPUVCPEG YKVJ VJG CDDG[ .QTUEJ KP +P *GUUGP VJKPIU YGTG PQV CU RTQOKUKPI #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH EQWPVGTMKPI *GKPTKEJ 4CURG JCXKPI EQOG VQ VJG VJTQPG YKVJ VJG JGNR QH #TEJDKUJQR 5KGIHTKGF +++ QH 'RRUVGKP VJG UVTWIING HQT *GUUGP EQOOGPEGF )TCFWCNN[ /CKP\ NQUV RQYGT QXGT *GUUGP %QKPCIG KP VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ VQQM VJG UCOG EQWTUG CU KP QVJGT FKQEGUGU CU HQT KPUVCPEG %QNQIPG CPF 7VTGEJV +P VJG RTQNQPICVKQP QH VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ 'ORGTQT 1VVQ ++ VJG EJCTVGT QH VJG QTKIKPCN ITCPV JCU DGGP NQUV 6JG HKTUV RJCUG KP YJKEJ MKPIU QT GORGTQTU UVTWEM EQKPU YCU HQNNQYGF D[ C UJQTV RGTKQF KP YJKEJ VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPCTEJ YCU CEEQORCPKGF D[ VJCV QH VJG CTEJ DKUJQR VQ HKPCNN[ OCMG RNCEG HQT EQKPCIG KP VJG PCOG QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU CNQPG +P /CKP\ C URGEKCN RTQDNGO RTGUGPVGF KVUGNH (TQO VJG FC[U QH $QPKHCEG 'THWTV DGNQPIGF VQ VJG CTEJ DKUJQRTKE /CKP\ #V HKTUV OKPVKPI VQQM RNCEG KP /CKP\ QPN[ DWV NCVGT KP 'THWTV VQQ HTQO #TKDQ %JCTCEVGTKUVKECNN[ QPN[ FGPCTKK YGTG UVTWEM KP /CKP\ CNUQ KP DTCEVGCVG VKOGU CPF 'THWTV DGECOG VJG EGPVTG QH VJG DTCEVGCVGU CNVJQWIJ FGPCTKK JCF DGGP UVTWEM KP 'THWTV HQT C UJQTV RGTKQF KP GCTN[ FC[U 6JKU KU EQPHKTOGF D[ VJG HCEV VJCV ŋ/CKP\ KP MCTQNKPIKUEJGT <GKV FKG YKEJVKIUVG 2T·IGUV·VVG KO 4GKEJ YCT UQ DGFKGPVG GU KP UVCWHKUEJGT <GKV YKG HCUV CNNG FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP PWT PQEJ FGP TGIKQPCNGP *CPFGN OKV GKPJGKOKUEJGP )GNFŌ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ÒP\TGEJV XQP -ÌPKI WPF 'T\DKUEJQH KP /CKP\ Y·JTGPF FGT UR·VGP U·EJUKUEJGP WPF HTÒJGP UCNKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV KP (GTPJCPFGN WPF )GNFYKTVUEJCHV *I $ -NWIG 5KIOCTKPIGP R

1661 ++ +++

&GPCT /CKP\ # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 16614%+# 4 *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU KP EGPVTG %+ 6+#+ &CPPGPDGTI EH 5NI 9CNVJGT EH IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $KUUKPIGT EQNNGEVKQP 0QV KP 5NI 9CNVJGT EQORCTG PQ 6JG YGKIJV KU GZVTCQTFKPCTKN[ JKIJ 5VQGUU MPQYU XGT[ HGY URGEKOGPU YKVJ C YGKIJV QH IT UGG FKCITCO QH JKU CTVKENG

202

MAINZ

&GPCT /CKP\ # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU KP EGPVTG &CPPGP DGTI 5NI 9CNVJGT EH IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GTKPGM 9KGP 8 *CV\ <WT 7PVGTUWEJWPI FGT 1VVQPKUEJGP 2TÂ·IWPIGP KP /CKP\ 5RG[GT WPF 9QTOU CUETKDGU VJKU EQKP VQ /CKP\

FTCYKPI QP R 6JKU FGXKCVGU HTQO &CPPGPDGTI PQ VTKCPIWNCT V[ORCPWO VJG CPCN[UKU QH *CV\ KU DCUGF QP 5YGFKUJ JQCTFU 6JG YGKIJV QH IT QEEWTU OQUV QHVGP DGUKFG VJG CXGTCIG QH 5VQGUU FKCITCO

-104#& ++

&GPCT /CKP\ # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %*8104#&85 +/2 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ EJTKUVQITCO KP EGPVTG 84$5 /1)80%+# &CPPGPDGTI 5NI 9CNVJGT IT $GPV CPF HNCP ETCEM HKPG

*WK\KPIC $GPPGMQO (TQO %CJP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ FGRKEVGF +P MCV %CJP UEJGKPV WPGFKGTV UGGOU WPGFKVGF %CJP CUETKDGF KV VQ 7VTGEJV CPF CU UWEJ WPGFKVGF DWV VJKU KU KPEQTTGEV 'Z %QNN . X * X F 4 %CJP CWEVKQP (TGKJGTT . X * (TGKJGTT .QEJPGT XQP *Ã&#x2019;VGPDCEJ 6JG 1VVQPKCP EJWTEJ JCU CNTGCF[ DGGP CNVGTGF EQPUKFGTCDN[ JGTG VQQ VJG RTQWF 84$5 TGRNCEGU VJG OQTG OQFGUV %+8+6#5 &CPPGPDGTI 6JG YGKIJV HKVU YKVJ VJG CXGTCIG QH 5VQGUU UGG FKCITCO +++ QH JKU CTVKENG

+ORGTKCN CPF GRKUEQRCN UVTWEM VQIGVJGT *'+04+%* +++

&GPCT 'THWTV # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ NKU QP ETQYP *'+04+%85 +/2'4#6 4 *GCF HCEKPI YKVJKP EJWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU '4('5(846+ &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM (TQO NKUV PQ 1P VJG /CTVKPURGPPKGU CPF 5V /CTVKP KU FGRKEVGF YKVJ C OKVTG KP VJG UJCRG QH C VTKCPING YKVJ C RQKPV KPUKFG %QWNF VJKU CNUQ DG 5V /CTVKP YKVJ #TEJDKUJQR $CTFQ QP TGXGTUG!

&GPCT /CKP\ # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *+04 +% 8 5 4 6GORNG YKVJ $ # 4 & 1 KP EGPVTG /1)10%+# &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ *GPT[ +++ VQIGVJGT YKVJ #TEJDKUJQR $CTFQ QH 1RRGTUJQHGP $GVYGGP $ # CPF # 4 C HQQVGF XGTVKECN YKVJ VYQ URJGTGU

&GPCT /CKP\ # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *+04+%85 4 6GORNG YKVJ $ # 4 & 1 KP EGPVTG /1)10%+# &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

5GG EQOOGPV YKVJ PQ

203

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

5VQGUU &KG HTÒJGUVGP 'THWTVGT /ÒP\GP KP (GUVUEJTKHV $GTIJCWU /ÒPUVGT R 5VQGUU DG NKGXGU %QPTCF OC[ JCXG VTCPUHGTTGF VJG OKPV KP 'THWTV VQ #TKDQ HQT UGTXKEGU TGPFGTGF #TKDQ KU KPFGGF VJG HKTUV /CKP\ CTEJDKUJQR VQ CRRGCT QP VJG 'THWTV EQKPU

&GPCT 'THWTV # $WUV YKVJ VQPUWT T #4+$1 #4% '285 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING '42*'5( 846 &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

$#4&1 XQP 122'45*1('0 9CU C OQPM KP (WNFC TGNCVGF VQ VJG 5CNKCPU -KPI %QPTCF ITCPVGF JKO VJG OQPCUVGT[ 9GTFGP KP CPF CHVGT VJG KPVGTXGPVKQP D[ 'ORTGUU )KUGNC *GTUHGNF KP CPF JG HKPCNN[ DGECOG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ QP /C[ VJ *G VQQM RCTV KP VJG ECORCKIP QH *GPT[ +++ CICKPUV $QJGOKC KP 9CPVGF VQ JCXG VJG EQTQPCVKQP QH *GPT[ŉU EQPUQTV #IPGU KP /CKP\ KP DWV JCF VQ NGCXG KV VQ %QNQIPG $CTFQ YCU C RKQWU OCP

&GPCT 'THWTV # $WUV YKVJ VQPUWT T $ #4 61 '25%128 5 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ : KP EGPVTG DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU VYQ UGOK EKTENGU KP ICDNG $#461 / ' ('%+6 &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ #U QRRQUGF VQ #TKDQ VJG VKVNG JGTG KU LWUV '2+5%1285 6JG SWGUVKQP TGOCKPU YJGVJGT $CTVQ QP TGXGTUG KU VJG DKUJQR QT VJG OQPG[GT &CPPGPDGTI JQNFU HQT VJG NCUV

476*#4&

&GPCT /CKP\ # $WUV YKVJ VQPUWT CPF ETQUKGT N 481& *#4'25 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU /#) 8 06+# &CPPGPDGTI IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG JQCTF QH (WNFC

204

MAINZ #&#.$'46 + XQP 5##4$4ª%-'0 *G YCU RTGUWOCDN[ OGODGT QH C ITQWR QH RGGTU YJKEJ QRRQUGF *GPT[ +8 CPF LQKPGF *GPT[ 8 YJQ TGDGNNGF CICKPUV JKU HCVJGT 1P (GDTWCT[ VJ JG DGECOG KORGTKCN EJCPEGNNQT CPF VJWU FGCP QH VJG 5V )GTXCUG ECVJGFTCN QH /CCUVTKEJV +P CFFKVKQP JG JCF VJG 5V /CT[ŉU OQPCUVGT[ KP #KZ NC %JCRGNNG *GPT[ 8 CRRQKPVGF JKO CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ KP 4GNCVKQPU YGTG IQQF DWV FGVGTKQTCVGF *GPT[ UVTQXG VQ UVTGPIVJGP JKU RQUKVKQP KP VJG EGPVTCN 4JKPG CTGC DWV TCP KPVQ QRRQUKVKQP +P &GEGODGT #FCNDCTV YCU ECRVWTGF *G YCU PQV TGNGCUGF WPVKN CHVGT RQRWNCT TGXQNV CICKPUV VJG GORGTQT *G YCU EQPUGETCVGF KP %QNQIPG KP *G TGOCKPGF CP QRRQPCPV QH VJG 5CNKCPU #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH *GPT[ 8 JG CTTCPIGF VJG GNGEVKQP QH VJG 5CZQP &WMG .QVJCT XQP 5ÒRRNKPIGPDWTI VQ MKPI #FCNDGTV UVQQF CV VJG DCUG QH /CKP\ RQYGT KP VJG GCTN[ 5VCWHGT GTC

&GPCT /CKP\ # $WUV QH 5V /CTVKPWU DGVYGGP # CPF 6 / # 4 6 + 085 TGVTQITCFG 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU /1)1 & 5 &CPPGPDGTI IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ &CPPGPDGTI GPVGTU VJKU EQKP WPFGT ōCPQP[OQWUŋ CPF IKXGU PQ GZRNCPCVKQP HQT VJG # 6 6JKU EQWNF RQUUKDN[ UKIPKH[ #FCNDGTV +P %CV 9CNVJGT PQ FGUETKDGF CU XCECPE[ QH VJG UGG DWV VJG # 6 CTG PQV OGPVKQPGF +U VJKU VJG HKTUV VKOG 5V /CTVKP CRRGCTU QP EQKPU! (KVVKPI KP YKVJ VJG DTCEVGCVGU QH *GPT[ QH *CCTDWTI 6JG OGCPKPI QH VJG NGVVGTU & CPF 5 KU WPENGCT

&GPCT /CKP\ # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT #&'.$'6 #4% *'25 4 9CNN YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU /1 )806+# &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 4 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 6JG DWUV QDXGTUG UJQYU C ITGCV NKMGPGUU VQ VJG QPG QH PQ *GPT[ QH *CTDWTI 5COG RGTKQF

#FCNDGTV ++ XQP 5CCTDTÒEMGP PGRJGY QH #FCNDGTV + VJCPMGF JKU CRRQKPVOGPV CU CTEJDKUJQR VQ VJG XCECPV UGG KP &WMG (TGFGTKEM QH 5YCDKC YKUJGF JKU CRRQKPVOGPV CU FKF -KPI %QPTCF +++ $GECWUG QH VJG 5VCWHGT ENCKOU QP VJG EGPVTCN 4JKPG CTGC KP CP CRRTQCEJ VQYCTFU VJG 9GNHU YCU OCFG

*'+04+%* + XQP *#4$74)

2TQDCDN[ HTQO VJG F[PCUV[ QH EQWPVU QH 9CTVDWTI 6JÒTKPIGP *G YCU KP VJG UGTXKEG QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRU #FCNDGTV + CPF ++ +P CV VJG QEECUKQP QH VJG EQPEQTFCV QH 9QTOU QP 5GRVGODGT VJ JG YCU CR RQKPVGF CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ D[ -KPI %QPTCF +++ %QPTCF +++ YJQ YCU VQ VCMG RCTV KP VJG 5GEQPF %TWUCFG CNUQ CRRQKPVGF JKO IWCTFKCP QH -KPI *GPT[

8+ KP JKU CDUGPEG $GECWUG JG FKF PQV CVVGPF VJG U[PQF QH 4GKOU KP JG YCU FGVJTQPGF DWV VJG RQRG TGXGTUGF VJKU WPFGT RTGUUWTG HTQO *GPT[ CPF %QPTCF +P JG KPXQNXGF JKOUGNH KP VJG GNGEVKQP QH %QPTCFŉU UQP (TGFGTKEM TCVJGT VJCP (TGFGTKEM + 1P VJQUG ITQWPFU JG YCU TGRNCEGF D[ #TPQNF XQP 5GGNGPJQHGP KP 6JG RGQRNG VJQWIJV VJKU XGT[ WPHCKT (TQO *GPT[ QH *CTDWTI 5V /CTVKP EQOGU KPVQ VJG RKEVWTG &GPCT /CKP\ # %TQYPGF DWUV N YKVJ NCPEG ' .': 4 %JWTEJ / &CPPGPDGTI IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT &CPPGPDGTI URGCMU QH C ETQUKGT

205

MAINZ

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # $WUV QH 5V /CTVKPWU YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QXGT CTEJ DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU UVCT T UYCUVKEC QP ENQCM '42'5 (14&+ CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ VQPUWT CPF TCKUGF JCPFU WPFGT CTEJ VQYGT DGJKPF JKO ETQUU QP ENQCM *'04% $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 'FIG DTGCMU UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5RKPM .QPFQP 6JG UYCUVKEC EQOGU HTQO VJG 5CPUMTKV NCPIWCIG CPF OGCPU UCNWVCVKQP CPF IQQF HQTVWPG 6JG QTKIKP QH VJKU UWP U[O DQN RTQDCDN[ NKGU KP 2GTUKC CPF XKC +PFKC CPF %JKPC GXGPVWCNN[ TGCEJGF 'WTQRG 6JG UYCUVKEC VWTPKPI TKIJV CU KP JGTG DTKPIU ITQYVJ CPF KPETGCUGU JCRRKPGUU

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # $WUV QH 5V /CTVKPWU YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU QXGT CTEJ DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF VYQ TKPIU CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ OKVTG CPF TCKUGF JCPFU WPFGT CTEJ UVCT T UYCUVKEC *'+04+%* UYCUVKEC '42'5(14&+ $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP 9G MPQY VJG CTECFG HTQO VJG 5VCWHGTŉU ECUVNGU 6JG URKTCNNGF EQNWOPU YG CNUQ HKPF QP QVJGT CTVGHCEVU UGG PQ QH /GKUUGP

206

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

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 0KODCVG DWUV QH 5V /CTVKPWU HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF QXGT CTEJ YKVJ #%'85 ő10# QP KV CTEJDKUJQR MPGGNKPI WPFGT DQY YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU T 81#01#4+0 *8* CPF N ++++&%*8401'8'/ (WPF 5GGIC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /Ò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ŉU DTCEVGCVGU +P VJG OGCPVKOG KP /GTUGDWTI UGG PQU CPF CPF QVJGT RNCEGU VJG PCOG QH VJG DKUJQR YCU KPUETKDGF QP VJG CTEJ +H VJKU KU VJG ECUG JGTG VQQ #%'085 OWUV OGCP #FCNDGTV # FKXGTIKPI V[RG QH %JTKUVKCP YKVJ CP CTEJ YG HKPF KP 5WJNG &GWVUEJG /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG #DD QP YJKEJ 5V /CTVKP UJCTKPI VJG ENQCM KU FGRKEVGF WPFGT VJG CTEJ VQIGVJGT YKVJ %JTKUVKCP 7PFGT VJG CTEJ C DGIICT #PQVJGT V[RG YKVJ CP CTEJ 5NI 9CNVJGT PQ ENGCTN[ DGCTU VJG PCOG QH #TPQNFWU DWV KP VJG OCPPGT QH PQ 5GG CNUQ $GTIJCWU .G VT¾UQT FG $QWTI 5CKPV %JTKUVQRJG #KP KP &GPCT 5VGTNKPI )QNFIWNFGP PQ QP R CVVTKDWVKQP VQ #TPQNF XQP 5GGNGPJQHGP

207

MAINZ

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOGYQTM CPPWNGV N CPF TQUG T #401. &85 #4%*+'2+5 %1285 (WPF $CTFQYKEM (WPF )QVJC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 $TQCF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z ) # *QGEMG CPF ) *QGEMG EQNNGEVKQP $GECWUG VJG DTCEVGCVGU YGTG PQTOCNN[ EJCPIGF GXGT[ [GCT CPF #TPQNF ECP QPN[ JCXG OKPVGF HQT UKZ [GCTU VJGTG OWUV DG HKXG V[RGU 6JKU V[RG KU VJG HKHVJ CPF VJG QPG DWV NCUV (F )QVJC R 7PFGT #TPQNF YG UGG VJG CPPWCN EJCPIG HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG YJKEJ OGCPV TGXGPWGU QPG IQV DCEM NGUU VJCP QPG JCPFGF KP 2GTJCRU VJKU YCU C HCXQWT D[ GO RGTQT (TGFGTKEM + (F )QVJC R # EQKP YKVJ VJG GZCEV UCOG KOCIG JCU DGGP UVTWEM D[ %QPTCF FWTKPI JKU HKTUV VGTO QH QHHKEG UGG 5NI 9CNVJGT PQ 6JKU EQKP VJGP UJQWNF DG FCVGF CV VJG GPF QH JKU TGKIP

#RRCTGPVN[ %JTKUVKCP XQP $WEJ FKF PQV UVTKMG EQKPU FWTKPI JKU QPN[ [GCT QH QHHKEG +P VJG HQNNQYKPI RGTKQF %QPTCF XQP 9KVVGNUDCEJ YCU CTEJDKUJQR CPF JCTFN[ CP[ EQKPCIG VQQM RNCEG 1PN[ KP VJG 5NI 9CNVJGT QPG EQKP PQ QEEWTU CPF VJG -GUVPGT OWUGWO QYPU VJTGG KFGPVKECN EQKPU PQU QH %QPTCF XQP 9KVVGNUDCEJ QH VJKU RGTKQF 6JG[ CTG CNN VJG UCOG V[RG 6JKU EQKP UJQY ITGCV UKOKNCTKV[ KP UV[NG YKVJ PQ +P CFFKVKQP CPQVJGT V[RG QH VJKU RGTKQF KU HQWPF KP VJG -GUV PGT OWUGWO PQ

%*4+56#0 XQP $7%* *G ECOG HTQO VJG 6JÒTKPI HCOKN[ QH $WEJ CPF $GKEJNKPIGP *G YCU GNGEVGF CTEJDKUJQR KP DWV PQV EQPHKTOGF D[ (TGFGTKEM + +P JKU RNCEG (TGFGTKEM + JCF %QPTCF XQP 9KVVGNUDCEJ GNGEVGF +P %JTKUVKCP DGECOG FGCP QH VJG /CKP\ ECVJGFTCN CPF CHVGT VJG FGCVJ QH 4GKPCNF QH &CUUGN UGG WPFGT -Ì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

$TCMVGCV #UEJCHHGPDWTI # $KUJQR HCEKPI UGCVGF QP YCNN YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF %*4 6+ #08 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 4 (KPG TQOCPGUSWG UV[NG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ PF TGKIP *·XGTPKEM 9 &CU ·NVGUVG /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 9GVVGTCW DKU \WO #WUICPI FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU /CTDWTI PQ C

208

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

$TCMVGCV #UEJCHHGPDWTI # #TEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 4#%0 0'8% $GTIGT KNNWUVTCVKQP 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 44 +PM FTCYKPI QP VJG TGXGTUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ *·XGTPKEM 9 &CU ·NVGUVG /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 9GVVGTCW DKU \WO #WUICPI FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU /CTDWTI PQ D 6JKU EQKP HKVU YKVJ PQ

$TCMVGCV #UEJCHHGPDWTI # 0KODCVG 5V /CTVKPWU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF N CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM T UOCNN VQYGT DGVYGGP VJGO 5 /#4 6+ 08 40# $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ #UEJCHHGPDWTI KU VJG QPN[ OKPV YJGTG VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH /CKP\ OKPVGF CHVGT 9GVVGTCWGT 5EJNCI 6JG NGVVGTU 4 0 # CTG PQV GZRNCKPGF 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV -CV $QPJQHH TGHGTU VQ *·XGTPKEM CPF ,W( 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT ++

209

MAINZ

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # #TEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU UGCVGF QP GFKHKEG YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU %104#&85 &'+ )4#%+# #4%*+ '2+ 1285+ $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 44 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM CPF OKPQT ETWUJ XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (WPF 5GGIC URGEKOGP $GJT (WPF 'THWTV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG .ÌDDGMG QPN[ TGHGTU VQ (F 5GGIC PQ .ÌDDGMG JCF CPQVJGT URGEKOGP PQ 9JCV VJG UGEQPF URGEKOGP QH 5GGIC NQQMGF NKMG KU WPMPQYP (F 5GGIC OGPVKQPU X 2QUGTP 0 6H : +P (F 5GGIC VJG HKTUV EQKP QH VJG UGEQPF RGTKQF +V KU C FKTGEV KOKVCVKQP QH C UKOKNCT EQKP QH %JTKUVKCP XQP $WEJ UGG (F 5GGIC PQ +V KU TGOCTMCDNG VJCV %QPTCF ECNNU JKOUGNH &'+ )4#%+# JGTG CPF CNUQ OGPVKQPU JKU FKIPKV[ QH CTEJDKUJQR 6JG KPUETKRVKQP KU EQORNGVGN[ NGIKDNG

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUU CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG %804#&85 '2+5%1285 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF YGNN UVTWEM EQORNGVG URGEKOGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ $TCEVGCVG UVTWEM CTQWPF *GTG VQQ C YJQNN[ NGIKDNG NGIGPF DWV CNUQ QPN[ VJG VKVNG '2+5%1285 (QT VJG VJTQPG YKVJ CPKOCN TGUR NKQPŉU JGCFU UGG WPFGT #CEJGP

210

MAINZ .721.& XQP 5%*¤0('.& +P VJGTG YCU C FQWDNG GNGEVKQP YJKEJ YQWNF NCUV WPVKN %QKPU HTQO VJKU RGTKQF CTG CNN UVTWEM KP VJG PCOG QH 5V /CTVKP +P .WRQNF YJQ HQTOGTN[ JCF DGGP DKUJQR QH 9QTOU LQKPGF -KPI 2JKNKR YJQ YGPV VQ 'THWTV *G UV[NGF JKOUGNH /CI UGFKU GNGEVWU 9QTOCEKGPUKU GRKUEQRWU 1P VJG EQKPU VJGTG CTG UKZ MPQYP V[RGU JG CNUQ ECNNU JKOUGNH GRKUEQRWU 9JGP -KPI 2JKNKRR YCU OWTFGTGF KP .WRQNF YCU QWUVGF 5KGIHTKGF UWRRQTVGF D[ 1VVQ VJGP CU UWOGF QHHKEG

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU .8$1.&85 #4%*+ '2+5%12 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG # NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP CPF HNCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP PQ 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 1PN[ QPG URGEKOGP KP (F 5GGIC 4GHGTGPEG VQ 2QUGTP 0 6H 8+

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM KP HKGNF VYQ UVCTU VYQ ETQUUGU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU .821.&85 #4%+'2%5 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ (F 5GGIC MPQYU QH QPN[ VYQ URGEKOGPU

211

MAINZ

5+')(4+'& ++ XQP '2256'+0 +P ,WPG 5KGIHTKGF TGVWTPGF HTQO 4QOG VQ /CKP\ VQ 'THWTV QPN[ KP 6JG EQKPU FGVGTKQTCVGF UWDUVCPVKCNN[ NCVGT EQKPCIG YQWNF KORTQXG JQYGXGT VJG YGKIJV KU OWEJ NQYGT VJCP GCTNKGT 6JG QNFGT V[RGU QH 5KGIHTKGF UVKNN DGCT VJG EQOOQP KPFKECVKQP QH JKU PCOG CPF VKVNG DWV VJG NCVGT V[RGU UJQY VJG UCOG DNWPFGTGF NGIGPF %5#+ Q 00 52*%+%2

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU %5#+ Q 00 52*%+%2 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT $TQCF CPF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ $TCEVGCVG UVTWEM CTQWPF 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT (F 5GGIC V[RG 8++C VJGTG CTG OCP[ UVCOR XCTKGVKGU KP (F 5GGIC 2QUGTP 0 6H 8+ 6JKU V[RG YCU EQPEGKXGF YJGP 5KGIHTKGF CPF VJG 6JWTKPIKCP NCPFITCXGU LQKPVN[ CEVGF HQT 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM ++ CPF NCKF UKGIG VQ VJGKT OWVWCN GPGO[ -KPI 1VVQ 9GKGPUGG KP XCKP

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU %5#+ Q 00 52*%+%2 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP (WPF 5GGIC V[RG 8++D URGEKOGP

212

MAINZ

$TCMVGCV 'THWTV # $WUV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF DQQM YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG %5#+ Q 00 52*%+%2 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CN VJGT IT 'FIG DTGCM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ $TCMVGCV UVTWEM CTQWPF 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT (WPF 5GGIC V[RG +:D VJKU FKG PQV KP (WPF 5GGIC

9'40'4 XQP '2256'+0

$TCMVGCV #OÌPGDWTI # *GCF QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR HCEKPI RGNNGV QXGT OKVTG QP VJG GFIG IT 44 /KPQT GFIG HCWNV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV URGEKOGP 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ +P CP CTVKENG ŋ$TCMVGCVGPHWPF CWU FGO JGUUKUEJ VJÒTKPIKUEJGP )TGP\IGDKGVŌ . 0GWOCPP .[UNQHH )GNFIGUEJKEJVNKEJG 0CEJTKEJVGP R RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI TGRQTV QP C DTCEVGCVG WPMPQYP WPVKN VJCV OQOGPV ŋ&KG 8GTYCPFVUEJCHV FKGUGU 2HGPPKIU \W FGP /CTDWTIGT 2T·IWPIGP WO KUV WPXGTMGPPDCT &TGK /ÒP\UV·VVGP MQOOGP KP (TCIG /CTDWTI 9GVVGT WPF #OÌPGDWTI /CTDWTI WPF 9GVVGT UKPF WPYCJTUEJGKPNKEJ UQ DNGKDV WPU FCU OCKP \KUEJG $GUKV\VWO #OÌPGDWTI FCU \W /CKP\ UGKV FGO ,CJTJWPFGTV IGJÌTVG &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI DGIKPPV YCJT UEJGKPNKEJ WO OKV *CNDDTCMVGCVGP WPF DNGKDV KP $GVTKGD DKU 5GKV YCT FKG $WTI 5KV\ FGU .CPFXQIVU HÒT CNNG JGUUKUEJGP $GUKV\WPIGP FGU 'T\DKUVWOU 'KPG <WYGKUWPI FKGUGU $TCMVGCVGP \W FKGUGT UVCTMGP OCKP\KUEJGP 5VCFV NKGIV FWTEJ FKG 8GTJ·NVPKUUG FGT <GKV PCJG &CU RT·IPCPVG $KNF FGU 'T\DKUEJQHU KUV YQJN CWEJ GKPGT /ÒP\UV·VVG \W\WQTFPGP FKG CNU 8GTYCNVWPIU WPF 4GIKGTWPIU\GPVTWO HÒT FKG JGUUKUEJGP )GDKGVG FKG OCIGDGPFG 4QNNG URKGNVG Ō 6JG URGEKOGP UJQYP KP VJKU CTVKENG YCU CWEVKQPGF YKVJ 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG JQCTF QH 0GDTC EQPVCKPGF CPQVJGT NCTIGN[ DTQMGP URGEKOGP 6JGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VJGTG VQ VJG CTVKENG QH 0GWOCPP .[UNQHH 7PGFKGTVGU 7PKMWO 5GG 5VGIWYGKV &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0GDTC .FMT $WTIGPNCPFMTGKU IGHWPFGP XGTITCDGP WO ,CJTGUUEJTKHV HÒT OKVVGNFGWVUEJG 8QTIGUEJKEJVG R *CNNG 5CCNG PQ R

213

MAINZ )'4*#4& ++ XQP '2256'+0

/CTVKPURHGPPKI 'THWTV # 'PVJTQPGF CTEJDKUJQR YKVJ HNCI GPFKPI KP ETQUU CPF YJGGN QH /CKP\ 180 6 180 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 8GT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ .GKV\OCPP 2QUGTP -NGVV $GTIGT

*'+04+%* +++ XQP 8+40'$74)

*QJNRHGPPKI 'THWTV # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ OKVTG DGVYGGP VYQ DTCPEJGU /#46+0+ 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

*QJNRHGPPKI 'THWTV # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ OKVTG /#46+0+ 5IN .ÌDDGEMG 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

,1*#00 ++ XQP 0#55#7

)QNFIWNFGP *ÌEJUV # 5V /CTVKPWU UGCVGF QP VJTQPG YKVJ ETQUKGT YJGGN QH /CKP\ QP DTGCUV QXGT UJKGNF QH 0CUUCW +1*+5 #4 '2 /#)8 4 5JKGNF YKVJ YJGGN QH /CKP\ KP VTGHQKN /10'6# + *1'56 582 /1)'0 (D 5EJNGIGN 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG FG )GWU 'KPFJQXGP #WEVKQP PQ

214

MAINZ

)QNFIWNFGP *ÌEJUV # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV +1*+5 : #4 ' 2 /#)806 4 5JKGNF QH /CKP\ 0CUUCW DGVYGGP VJG UOCNNGT UJKGNFU QH -ÌNP CPF /KP\GPDGTI /10'6# + *1'56 582 /1 (D 5EJNGIGN 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ (TQO FG )GWU #WEVKQP PQ

-104#& +++

)QNFIWNFGP *ÌEJUV # #TEJDKUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF QXGT UJKGNF QH &JCWP %104#&+ #4'2+ /# 4 5JKGNF QH /CKP\ KP VTGHQKN /10'6# 018# #84'# Q *15 (D 5EJNGIGN 5NI 9CNVJGT EH $KPIGP IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ 2GTKQFG

&+'64+%* + 5%*'0- \W '4$#%*

9GKRHGPPKI $KPIGP # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF ETQUU KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 'TDCEJ : # 01 : &0+ / : %%%% : :.8 4 5JKGNF QH /CKP\ KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF $C[GTP : /10' : 018# : $+0) .GXKPUQP + 5NI 9CNVJGT IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG

215

MAINZ

#&1.2* ++ XQP 0#55#7

9GKRHGPPKI /CKP\ 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF ETQUU KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 0CUUCW #&1.( #4%*'2+ /# 4 5JKGNF QH /CKP\ 0CUUCW KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF $C[GTP /10' 018# /#)80 5NI 9CNVJGT IT )QQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP 9GKRHGPPKI UVTWEM CHVGT

9GKRHGPPKI /CKP\ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF ETQUU KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 0CUUCW #&1.( #4%*'2+/# 4 5JKGNF QH /CKP\ 0CUUCW KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF $C[GTP /10' 018# /#)80 5NI 9CNVGT IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 9GKRHGPPKI UVTWEM CHVGT

%+6; QH '4(746

*GNNGT PF JCNH VJ EGPVWT[ # 5JKGNF YKVJ YJGGN QH /CKP\ WPFGT ' .GKV\OCPP IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

216

PFALZ

2#.#6+0#6' +P VJG ECUG QH VJG 2CNCVKPCVG YG XGPVWTG KPVQ C VTCPUKVKQPCN VGTTKVQT[ 1P VJG QPG JCPF KV DGNQPIGF VQ VJG 4JGKPKUEJG /ÒP\XGTGKP QP VJG QVJGT KV KU YJQNN[ QTKGPVGF VQYCTFU $CXCTKC CHVGT 7R VQ KV YCU CNVGTPCVGN[ QTKGPVGF VJKU YC[ CPF VJCV #V VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG 2CNCVKPCVG YCU QYPGF D[ VJG '\\QPKCPU UGG WPFGT #NUCEG PQ 6JG[ RQUUGUUGF NCPFU DGVYGGP VJG 7RRGT 4JKPG CPF VJG /QGUGN CPF C UGTKGU QH UJKTGU KP 4WRWCTKC %QWPV 2CNCVKPG '\\Q Ŏ YCU YGFFGF VQ /CVJKNFG C FCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ ++ +P VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG F[PCUV[ QH VJG '\\QPGP DGECOG GZVKPEV 2QUUGUUKQPU YGTG DGSWGCVJGF VQ JKU UQP CTEJDKUJQR *GTOCPP ++ QH %QNQIPG 6JG QHHKEG QH EQWPV RCNCVKPG FGXQNXGF QP '\\QŉU DTQVJGT *G\GNKP *G FKF PQV OCPCIG VQ YKVJUVCPF CTEJ DKUJQR #PPQ QH %QNQIPG +P *GPT[ +8 EGFGF VJG QHHKEG QH EQWPV RCNCVKPG VQ *GPT[ QH .CCEJ YJQ YCU OCTTKGF VQ VJG YKFQY QH VJG NCUV QH VJG *G\GNKPKCPU 6JG FQOKPKQP GPEQORCUUGF VGTTKVQTKGU CNQPI VJG /QGUGN VJG UQWVJGTP 'KHGN CPF VJG 0GWYKGF DCUKP 6JG EQWPVU RCNCVKPG YGTG 8QIV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE 6TKGT 7PFGT .QVJCT +++ KP VJG VKVNG %QOGU 2CNCVKPWU FG 4GPQ HTQO 4JGPK GOGTIGF +P QTFGT QH UWEEGUUKQP EQWPVU RCNCVKPG YGTG )QVVHTKGF ++ QH %CNY Ŏ *GPT[ ++ ,CUQOKTIQVV CPF *GTOCPP QH 5VCJNGEM 6JG FQOKPKQP PQY OCKPN[ NC[ CTQWPF $CEJCTCEJ QP VJG 4JKPG JCNHYC[ DGVYGGP -QDNGP\ CPF /CKP\ #HVGT *GTOCPP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC PQOKPCVGF JKU JCNH DTQVJGT %QPTCF QH 5VCWHGP 6JG VGTTKVQTKGU PQY GPEQORCUUGF RCTVU CNQPI VJG 7RRGT 4JKPG YJKEJ DGECOG VJG EGPVTG %QPTCF KP HQWPFGF VJG EKV[ QH *GKFGNDGTI %QPTCF VJG 5VCWHGT JCF C FCWIJVGT YJQ OCTTKGF *GPT[ 8 QH $TWPUYKEM UQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP C 9GNH

YG CNUQ GPEQWPVGT JKO WPFGT VJG PCOG *GPT[ VJG .QPI CV $TWPUYKEM .ÒPGDWTI CPF JGTG KP VJG 2CNCVK PCVG WPFGT VJG PCOG *GPT[ VJG 'NFGT 6JWU VJG 9GNHU GPVGTGF VJG 2CNCVKPCVG #HVGT *GPT[ VJG 'NFGT ECOG JKU UQP *GPT[ VJG ;QWPIGT

9'.( *175' *'+04+%* FGT .6'4'

*CNDDTCMVGCV *GKFGNDGTI # 'CING YKVJKP VYQ EKTENGU OCFG QH RGNNGVU NGVVGTU # Ő + Ő DGVYGGP VJG EKTENGU 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI EH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV EH 5NI /GOOGUJ IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $GJT EQNNGEVKQP 6JG GCING YCU VJG U[ODQN QH VJG QHHKEG QH EQWPV RCNCVKPG 6JG NGVVGTU KP VJG GFIG VCMKPI VJG HQTO # Ő # Ő # Ő # CTG CNUQ HQWPF KP PQ #DDG[ .QTUEJ )CGVVGPU UVKNN CVVTKDWVGF VJKU VQ %QPTCF QH *QJGPUVCWHGP $WEJGPCW CNTGCF[ CVVTKDWVGF VJKU VQ *GPT[ VJG 'NFGT /$0) R 6JKU CVVTKDWVKQP KU UGEQPFGF D[ 0CW <F5V HKI

*175' 9+66'.5$#%* +P (TGFGTKEM ++ ICXG *GPT[ VJG ;QWPIGTŉ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Ŏ YJQ JCF C UQP 4WRTGEJV ++ 4WFQNH ++ CPF 4WRTGEJV + 'XGPVWCNN[ .QWKU JCF VQ CEEGRV C UGVVNGOGPV KP $[ XKTVWG QH VJG 6TGCV[ QH 2CXKC VJG 2CNCVKPCVG FGXQNXGF VQ VJG JGKTU QH 4WFQNH + CPF YCU CITGGF VQ DGEQOG KPFGRGPFGPV QH $CXCTKC *GPEG KU EQPUKFGTGF VQ DG VJG [GCT QH DKTVJ QH VJG 2CNCVKPCVG 6JWU 4WRTGEJV + DGECOG EQWPV RCNCVKPG 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG DCVVNG YGPV QP YJGP COQPI QVJGTU 4WFQNH ++ CPPGZGF UGXGTCN RCTVU *QYGXGT VJCPMU VQ JKU GZEGNNGPV TGNCVKQP YKVJ %JCTNGU +8 CPF CNUQ D[ XKTVWG QH VJG )QNFGP $WNN 4WRTGEJV GXGPVWCNN[ OCPCIGF VQ UGEWTG VJG 2CNCVKPCVGŉU RQUKVKQP 9JGP 4WRTGEJV + FKGF KP 4WRTGEJV ++ UWEEGGFGF JKO *KU HQTGOQUV VCUM RTQXGF VQ DG RTGUGTXKPI WPKV[ 217

PFALZ 4724'%*6 + FGT 416'

)QNFIWNFGP $CEJCTCEJ # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV 5 +1*# 00'5 $ ú 4 (NGWT FG NKU QH HNQTGP VKPG 482' 46 &8: (D (GNMG 5NI /GOOGUJ 5NI 0QUU IT 8GT[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ 5NI /GOOGUJ 5VTWEM DGVYGGP

4724'%*6 ++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI *GKFGNDGTI # 5JKGNF QH $C[GTP YKVJKP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU 5NI /GOOGUJ 5NI 0QUU IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 0QUU + $N H /\HT 6H

4724'%*6 +++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI *GKFGNDGTI # 5JKGNF QH $C[GTP YKVJKP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU WPFGT NKQP N 2HCN\ 5NI /GOOGUJ 5NI 0QUU IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\\ 6H +P 5NI /GOOGUJGKOGT C IQVJKE ō*ŋ KU OGPVKQPGF QXGT VJG UJKGNF $WV KV KU ENGCTN[ C NKQP

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·\KRWWO VJG VGTTKVQTKGU VJCV EQWNF PGXGT DG FGVCEJGF HTQO VJG 'NGEVQTCN 2CNCVKPCVG CPF CNN KORGTKCN NKGPU CESWKTGF UKPEG YGPV VQ .QWKU +++ CNN VGTTKVQTKCN CESWKUKVKQPU UKPEG VQ JKU [QWPIGT UQPU 6JWU .QWKU +++ TGEGKXGF VJG 'NGEVQTCN 2CNCVK PCVG ,QJCPP YJQ JCF DGGP IQXGTPKPI VJG VGTTKVQT[ QP DGJCNH QH JKU HCVJGT UKPEG TGEGKXGF 0GWDWTI

7RRGT $CXCTKC 5VGRJGP TGEGKXGF 5KOOGTP 5RQPJGKO KP VJG *WPUTÒEM CPF VJG [QWPIGUV UQP 1VVQ TG EGKXGF /QUDCEJ 0GWOCTMV KP VJG 7RRGT 2CNCVKPCVG

#NVG -WTNKPKG 'NFGT GNGEVQTCN NKPG .7&9+) +++

)QNFIWNFGP $CEJCTCEJ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ MG[ CPF DQQM QXGT UJKGNF QH $C[GTP ETQUU CPF RGNNGV N .8&88+% % 2 4 &7: $# 4 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP YKVJKP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ VJG UJKGNFU QH -ÌNP /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF 2HCN\ KP VJG CPINGU /10 018 $#%

*'4 (D (GNMG 5NI /GOOGUJ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ )QNFIWNFGP P F CHVGT % 2 4 %1/'5 2#.#6+085 4*'0+ %QOVG 2CNCVKP 4J¾PCP

218

PFALZ

)QNFIWNFGP $CEJCTCEJ # 'NGEVQT UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF .8&9+) % 2 4 &8: $# 4 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP KP VTGHQKN /10'6# 018# #84'# $# (D (GNMG 5NI /GOOGUJ IT 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT

*GNNGT $CEJCTCEJ # *GCF QH 5V 2GVTWU QXGT UEJKGNF QH $C[GTP .8&9 % 2 4 & 4 5JKGNF QH $C[GTP KP EGPVTG QH HQWT UJKGNF /CKP\ -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF ,ÒNKEJ / 0 $ # 5NI 0QUU + IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

)CPU #TPUDGTI

(4+'&4+%* +

)QNFIWNFGP $CEJCTCEJ # 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP QP NQPI ETQUU (4+& % 2 4 &8: $#8#4 4 6JTGG UJKGNFU /CKP\ 6TKGT CPF -ÌNP YKVJ RGNNGV KP EGPVTG /10'6# 018# #84'# $# (D (GNMG 5NI /GOOGUJ 5NI 0QUU + IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 5VTWEM DGVYGGP

9GKRHGPPKI $CEJCTCEJ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP : (4+& : % 2 4 : &7: $# 4 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF /CKP\ : /10' : 018# : : $#%* 5NI /GOOGUJ 5NI 0QUU + IT 5OCNN JQNG KP VJG HNCP CPF VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP QVJGTYKUG YGNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP 5VTWEM DGVYGGP

219

PFALZ

9GKRHGPPKI $CEJCTCEJ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP : (4+& : % 2 4 &7: $# 4 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING -ÌNP 6TKGT CPF /CKP\ : /10' : 018# : : $#%* 5NI /GOOGUJ VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI 0QUU + IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM DGVYGGP

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ŉU JGKTU VJG $CXCTKCP FWMGU 5VGRJCP +++ (TGFGTKEM CPF ,QJCPP ++ FKXKFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ COQPI VJGOUGNXGU KP VJG EQWTUG QH YJKEJ ,QJCPP RCUUGF JKU UJCTG YKVJ VJG EKV[ QH 5ÒN\DCEJ QP VQ 'NGEVQT 2CNCVKPG 4WRTGEJV ++ +P HWTVJGT FKXKUKQP GPUWGF 6JG 7RRGT 2CNCVKPG EKVKGU CPF QHHKEGU YGPV VQ .QWKU +++ VJG GNFGUV UQP QH 4WRTGEJV +++ VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG UQ ECNNGF #NVG -WTNKPKG 'NFGT GNGEVQTCN NKPG ,QJCPP YJQ YCU UVCFJQNFGT KP #ODGTI TGEGKXGF VJG TGOCKPFGT QH VJG 7RRGT 2CNCVKPCVG 0GWOCTMV YCU JKU TGUKFGPEG #U ,QJCPPŉU QPN[ UQP FKGF YKVJQWV KUUWG VJG RCTVKCN FWEJ[ 2CNCVKPCVG 0GWOCTMV YGPV VQ 1VVQ + QH 2CNCVK PCVG /QUDCEJ CPF 5VGRJCP QH 2CNCVKPCVG 5KOOGTP <YGKDTÒEMGP KP 5VGRJCP NGHV JKU RCTV VQ 1VVQ 1VVQŉU UQP YCU QPEG CICKP EQPHTQPVGF YKVJ VJG $QJGOKCP -KPI 2QFKGDTCF YJQ OCPCIGF VQ ICKP KP KPHNWGPEG 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH 1VVQ ++ YJQ JCF PQV DGGP OCTTKGF VJG RCTVKCN FWEJ[ 2CNCVKPCVG 0GWOCTMV KP TGVWTPGF VQ VJG 'NGEVQTCN 2CNCVKPCVG 7RRGT 2CNCVKPCVG EQKPCIG KU ENGCTN[ CVVWPGF VQ $CXCTKCP EQKPCIG

7RRGT 2CNCVKPCVG 4724'%*6 + FGT 416'

2HGPPKI #ODGTI # $WUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP 4 CPF # 4 6YQ DWUVU HCEKPI YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG 5NI 0QUU ++ 5NI /GOOGUJ IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 2HGPPKI CWH 4GIGPUDWTIGT 5EJNCI 8KGTUEJNCI

.7&9+) +++

2HGPPKI #ODGTI # 6YQ UJKGNFU 2HCN\ CPF $C[GTP 4 # / KP EKTENG 0QUU ++ 5NI /GOOGUJ IT 8GT[ HKPG #WHHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP

220

PFALZ

2HCN\ 0GWOCTMV ,1*#00 +

2HGPPKI #ODGTI # 6YQ UJKGNFU 2HCN\ CPF $C[GTP WPFGT ETQUU CPF QXGT 0 5NI /GOOGUJ

VJKU URGEKOGP IT 4 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ /KVV $C[ 0 ) R #HVGT VJG EQPXGPVKQP QH EH 5EJWNGT

2HCN\ /QUDCEJ 1661 +

*QJNRHGPPKI /QUDCEJ # 6YQ UJKGNFU 2HCN\ CPF $C[GTP WPFGT TKPI CPF QXGT / 0QUU ++ 5EJWNVGP 5NI /GOOGUJ VJKU URGEKOGP IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

*QJNRHGPPKI /QUDCEJ # 6YQ UJKGNFU 2HCN\ CPF $C[GTP WPFGT TKPI CPF QXGT / 0QUU ++ 5EJWNVGP 5NI /GOOGUJ VJKU URGEKOGP IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

#009'+.'4 %KV[ KP VJG 2CNCVKPCVG RCTV QH VJG 5VCWHGTU RQUUGUUKQPU 6JG HCOKN[ QH KVU KORGTKCN OKPKUVGTKCNGU ECP DG VTCEGF UVCTVKPI WPFGT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU TWNG WR VQ /QUV MPQYP KU /CTMYCTF QH #PPYGKNGT Ŏ *G RNC[GF CP KORQTVCPV TQNG KP +VCN[ RCTVKEWNCTN[ WPFGT *GPT[ 8+ #HVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU FGCVJ KP JG YCU UWOOQPGF D[ 'ORTGUU %QPUVCP\G VQ NGCXG +VCN[ DWV JG TGVWTPGF CHVGT JGT FGCVJ KP +P JG KPXCFGF 2CNGTOQ VJWU EQPVTQNNKPI CNN QH 5KE KN[ 9KFGT MPQYP RGTJCRU VJCP #PPYGKNGT KVUGNH KU VJG KORGTKCN RTKUQP 6TKHGNU PGCT #PPYGKNGT *GPT[ +8 MGRV QRRQPGPVU ECRVKXG JGTG UWEJ CU #TEJDKUJQR #FCNDGTV QH /CKP\ 9KRTGEJV QH )TQKV\UEJ CPF -KPI 4KEJCTF VJG .KQPJGCTVGF QH 'PINCPF

(4+'&4+%* ++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF UEGRVTG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 0QTOCNN[ VJKU YQWNF DG C VYQ UKFGF RGPP[ EH 0CW +NNWUVTCVKQP 5NI $QPJQHH +P $QPJQHH KU CNUQ C QPG UKFGF RGPP[ OGPVKQPGF EC 6JGTG VJG TGHGTGPEG 5EJGTGT KU IKXGP

221

WORMS

914/5 +V FGTKXGF KVU PCOG HTQO VJG %GNVKE UGVVNGOGPV $QTDGVQOCIWU +P VJG PF EGPVWT[ $% VJG PCOG %KXKVCU 8CPIKQPWO GOGTIGF CHVGT VJG VTKDG QH VJG 8CPIKQPGU #HVGT VJG HCNN QH VJG 4QOCP 'ORKTG 9QTOU YCU RCTV QH C $WTIWPFKCP TGCNO QP VJG 4JKPG YJKEJ YCU JQYGXGT FGUVTQ[GF D[ #ÀVKWU CPF VJG *WPU KP 9QTOU VJGP ECOG WPFGT VJG #NGOCPPK 6JG PCOG $QTDGVQOCIWU KP VJG /KFFNG #IGU DGECOG 9QTOCVKC 9QTOU YCU CP GRKUEQRCN EKV[ HTQO VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P EQOKVCN TKIJVU YCTG VTCPUHGTTGF VQ VJG DKUJQRU 6JG OQUV KORQTVCPV DKUJQR YCU $WTEJCTF 6JGTG KU UQOG EQORGVKVKQP YKVJ VJG DKUJQRU QH 5RG[GT CPF 9Ò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

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *'+0 4+% 85 +/2'4#614 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING CPF QPG ETGUEGPV KP VJG UV CPING /KPVOCTM QH 9QTOU * '+04+%85 2 &CPPGPDGTI ,QUGRJ -NWIG IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 6JG VGZVU CEEQTFKPI VQ &CPPGPDGTI UJQWNF DG CU HQNNQYU # *'+04+% +/2'4#614 *GPT[ +++ YCU GORGTQT HTQO 4 *'+04+%85 -NWIGŉU VGZVU CTG VJG UCOG CU &CPPGPDGTIŉU

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *' +04+%85 +/2' 4#614 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING CPF QPG ETGUEGPV KP VJG UV CPING /KPVOCTM QH 9QTOU *'+04+%85 &CPPGPDGTI ,QUGRJ -NWIG IT &QWDNG UVTWEM QP VJG QDXGTUG XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP 5COG EQKP CU PQ VJQWIJ YKVJ CPQVJGT UV[NG QH VJG JGCF

*'+04+%* +8

&GPCT # *GCF QH *GNGPC T '.'0# #8)8568# 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 9 14 /#6+# &CPPGPDGTI ,QUGRJ -NWIG IT 4 *CNXG CPF VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'NWEKFCVKQP &CPPGPDGTI R *G QPN[ TGCFU '.'0# DWV VJGTG CTG SWKVG C HGY NGVVGTU OQTG 6Q O[ OKPF VJG HWNN VGZV #EEQTFKPI VQ &CPPGPDGTI VJG CPINGU QH VJG ETQUU QP VJG TGXGTUG CTG XQKF + FCTGUC[ VJG[ CTGPŉV + YQWNF GXGP UC[ KV KU PQV KORQUUKDNG VJCV VJGTG KU C HCEG &CPPGPDGTI FQGU PQV MPQY YJ[ JGTG QH CNN RNCEGU C EQR[ QH VJG 4QOCP *GNGPC EQKPU YCU UVTWEM -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT '.'0# #8)856# 8# CPF 8814/#6+# 1P VJG RKEVWTG QH VJG QDXGTUG QPN[ CP # ECP DG UGGP CV VJG GPF 9QWNF VJCV PQV DG VJG # QH #7)756#! + VJKPM VJG KOCIG QP VJG QDXGTUG ENGCTN[ UJQYU (. DGHQTG '.'0#

222

WORMS

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD *'+04+%85 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING CPF QPG ETGUEGPV KP VJG UV CPING /KPVOCTM QH 9QTOU 94/ %+8+ 6#5 &CP PGPDGTI ,QUGRJ -NWIG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ &GPCTKWU YKVJ MKPIŉU VKVNG &CPPGPDGTI RTQXKFGU 942 %+8+6#5 -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT 8814/#%+# 6JCV YQWNF OGCP VJGTG CTG VYQ V[RGU QPG YKVJ EKXKVCU CPF QPG YKVJ QPN[ VJG PCOG QH VJG RNCEG 6JG V[RG KP JCPF KU C EKXKVCU V[RG CV CP[ TCVG 6JG VGZV EQPEWTU YKVJ &CPPGPDGTIŉU

$74%*#4& ++ XQP #5140

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT GCTU QH EQTP DGJKPF JKO * #0#* 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG UVCTU CPF QPG RGNNGV YKVJ ETGUEGPV KP VJG CPINGU *# * ,QUGRJ 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ (TQO /ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 0CW +NNWUVTCVKQP ŋ&KGUGT 2HGPPKI FGU $KUEJQHU ŉ$WIIQŉ \GKIV FCU $TWUVDKNF FGU DCTJ·WRVKIGP -KTEJGPHÒTUVGP OKV -TWOOUVCD WPF <YGKI \YKUEJGP 2GTNMTGKUGP OKV \WUCOOGPJCPINQUGP $WEJUVCDGP Ō 6JKU RHGPPKI QH VJG $KUJQR ň$WIIQŉ UJQYU VJG DWUV QH VJG DCTG JGCFGF EJWTEJ FKIPKVCT[ YKVJ C ETQUKGT CPF C DTCPEJ DG VYGGP DQTFGTU QH FQVU YKVJ OGCPKPINGUU NGVVGTU 6JG NGVVGTU QP VJG TGXGTUG CTG KPXCTKCDN[ CV VJG GZVTGOKVKGU QH VJG ETQUU

-104#& ++ XQP 56'40$'4)

*CNDDTCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 0 1 ,QUGRJ IT 4 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG NGVVGTU CTG HCT CRCTV 6JKU EQKP JCU VYQ ŋFGPVUŌ FGOQPGVKUCVKQP RWPEJGU UGG ECV *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV PQU CPF

223

LORSCH

*CNDDTCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UEGRVTG QXGT NKPFYWTO ! .GIGPF PQV XKUK DNG ,QUGRJ IT 4 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP JCU C ŋFGPVŌ FGOQPGVKUCVKQP RWPEJGU -CV *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV *QNFKPI C DQQM KP HTQPV QH VJG EJGUV + O Q VJG DKUJQR KU JQNFKPI C RGPPCPV YKVJ HQWT TKPIU TCVJGT 6JGTG KU PQ OGPVKQP QH CP[ CPKOCN 0CW +NNWUVTCVKQP ŋ&GT KP FGT NKPMGP *CPF GKPGP ITQGP 5EJNÒUUGN JCNVŌ *QNFKPI C NCTIG MG[ KP JKU NGHV JCPF 5V 2GVGTŉU MG[ KU VJG CTOU QH VJG EKV[ QH 9QTOU +U VJG CPKOCN C NKPFYQTO! 6JG NKPFYQTO KU CP QNF U[ODQN QH 9QTOU CPF YG OC[ DG TGCUQPCDN[ EGTVCKP KV KPFKECVGU VJG *CWUIGPQUUGP KP VJKU ECUG

#$$'; .145%* +P %CPEQT EQWPV KP 1DGTTJGKPICW VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU OQVJGT 9KNNKUYKPVJ DQVJ HTQO VJG HCOKN[ QH VJG 4WRGTVKPGU HQWPFGF C OQPCUVGT[ QP CP KUNCPF KP VJG 9GUEJPKV\ 9JGP DKUJQR %JTQFGICPI QH /GV\ TGEGKXGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ KV ECOG WPFGT VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG (TCPMKUJ EJWTEJ %JTQFGICPIŉU OQFGNGF KV QP JKU QYP OQPCUVGT[ )QT\G CPF JG CRRQKPVGF JKU DTQVJGT )WPFGNCPF CDDQV QH .QTUEJ 6JG OQPCUVGT[ TGEGKXGF VJG TGNKEU QH 5V 0C\CTKWU CPF VJG CDDG[ EJWTEJ YCU EQPUGETCVGF KP D[ #TEJDKUJQR .WNNWU QH /CKP\ 6JG HQWPFGTU UVTQXG VQYCTFU CP KPFGRGPFGPV NGICN UVCVWU %JCTNGOCIPG GNGXCVGF KV VQ TQ[CN OQPCUVGT[ .CVGT .QWKU VJG )GTOCP YCU LQKPGF JG YCU DWTKGF KP .QTUEJ 1VVQ + GNGXCVGF KV VQ KORGTKCN OQPCUVGT[ *GPT[ +8 VTKGF KP XCKP VQ CEEQORNKUJ C VTCPUHGT QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ VQ #FCNDGTV #TEJDKUJQR QH *CODWTI $TGOGP 'XGPVWCNN[ JG CEMPQYNGFIGF OCTMGV TKIJVU HQT 9GKPJGKO QP #RTKN CPF ITCPVGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ CDDQV 7FCNTKEJ VJG TKIJV QH OKPV 6JKU OKPV RTQDCDN[ JCF UGTXGF CU CP KORGTKCN OKPV GCTNKGT 7PFGT *GPT[ 8 CPF .QVJCT +++ VJG HKPCPEKCN UKVWCVKQP KP .QTUEJ YQTUGPGF YJKEJ NGF VQ KVU GEQPQOKE FQYPHCNN +P VJG OQPMU TGUKUVGF #TEJDKUJQR 5KGIHTKGF ++ QH /CKP\ DWV KP VJG RQRG FGEKFGF VQ KPEQTRQTCVG VJG OQPCUVGT[ KPVQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ +P %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 1VVQ QH 9KVVGNU DCEJ YCTFGF QHH VJG OQPMU QH 'DGTDCEJ YJQ UQWIJV VQ VCMG RQUUGUUKQP QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 6JG EQPHNKEV DGVYGGP 5KGIHTKGF CPF 1VVQ YCU PQV TGUQNXGF WPVKN CPF KP VJG 2TGOQPUVTCVGPUKCPU VQQM JQNF QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ YJKEJ YQWNF GXGPVWCNN[ DG FKUUQNXGF KP 6JG OQPCUVGT[ TGEGKXGF OCTMGV CPF VQNN RTKXKNGIGU KP HQT $GPUJGKO KP HQT 9KGUNQEJ KP HQT 9GKPJGKO CPF KP HQT 1RRGPJGKO 6JG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU QYPGF HTQO HQT $TWOCV HTQO HQT 9GKPJGKO CPF HTQO HQT .QTUEJ 9GKPJGKO YG MPQY HTQO C FGGF CU 9KPGPJGKO

*'+04+%* XQP #74+%*

224

*CNDDTCMVGCV 9GKPJGKO # $WUV QH VJG CDDQV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 4 %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP EGPVTG QH HQWT RGNNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU CPF DWPEJ QH ITCRGU KP VYQ CPINGU Ő 8 Ő Ő Ő ,QUGRJ IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

LORSCH /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP $QVJ VJG QD CPF VJG TGXGTUG JCXG VYQ DQTFGTU QH FQVU YKVJ NGVVGTU KP DGVYGGP $QPJQHH YQPFGTU YJGVJGT VJG WPENGCT U[ODQNU KP VJG CPINGU QH VJG TGXGTUG ETQUU CTG *GDTGY U[ODQNU 6JKU V[RG FQGU PQV HGCVWTG KP VJG (F 9GKPJGKO UGG WPFGT PQ VJQWIJ PQ HTQO VJKU JQCTF FQGU JCXG VYKEG VJG 0 CPF VYKEG C DWPEJ QH ITCRGU KP VJG CPINGU QH VJG ETQUU PQ JCU HQWT EKTENGU YKVJ C FQV KP VJGO UWTTQWPFGF D[ HQWT FQVU 6JG DWPEJ QH ITCRGU TGPFGTU CVVTKDWVKQP VQ VJG .QTUEJ #DDG[ TGCUQPCDN[ EGTVCKP VQ O[ OKPF ,WUV CU VJG MG[ KU VJG CTOU U[ODQN QH 9QTOU VJG 9GKPNGKVGT C ECTT[KPI FGXKEG HQT XCVU QH YKPG KU VJG CTOU U[ODQN QH 9GKPJGKO *GTG JQYGXGT C DWPEJ QH ITCRGU KU FGRKEVGF CPF PQV C 9GKPNGKVGT 6JG CDDQV KU YGCTKPI C OKVTG QP VJKU EQKP +P #DDQV *GPT[ YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV VQ YGCT C OKVTG QP EGTGOQ PKCN QEECUUKQPU D[ VJG UEJKUOCVKE RQRG 8KEVQT +8 6JG CDDQV UGGOU JQYGXGT VQ JCXG PQV GZGTVGF VJKU TKIJV FWG VQ VJG HCEV VJCV 8KEVQT 8+ YCU PQV IGPGTCNN[ TGEQIPKUGF +V YCU UQOGYJCV FKHHGTGPV HQT #DDQV 5KGIJCTF UGG WPFGT PQ

5+')*#4& 5KGIJCTF YCU DQTP QH JKIJ DNQQF *G YCU TGNCVGF VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ %QPTCF QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ CPF VQ %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 1VVQ HTQO VJG UCOG *QWUG

&ÒPPRHGPPKI 9GKPJGKO # $WUV QH VJG CDDQV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU Ő % Ő Ő 0 Ő Ő / Ő Ő 5 Ő ,QUGRJ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 6JG NGVVGTU UJQWNF DG TGCF CU HQNNQYU 5 % 0 / 5#0%685 0#<#4+85 /#46;4 0C\CTKWU YCU C EJKNF QH C ,GYKUJ HCVJGT CPF C %JTKUVKCP OQVJGT KP 'ORGTQT 0GTQŉU FC[U 0C\CTKWU EJQUG JKU OQVJGT CPF YCU DCRVKUGF *G FKF PQV YKUJ VQ HQNNQY JKU HCVJGT CPF JKU RCTGPVU CFXKUGF JKO VQ NGCXG 4QOG *G NGHV HQT /KNCP YJGTG JG OGV 5V 5GT XCVKWU CPF 2TQVJCUKWU YJQ YGTG KORTKUQPGF VJGTG 9JGP JG UJQYGF UQNKFCTKV[ YKVJ VJGO JG YCU VQTVWTGF CPF VJTQYP QWV QH VJG EKV[ *G YGPV VQ )CWN YJGTG JG OGV [QWPI %GNUWU YJQ YQWNF HWTVJGT CEEQORCP[ JKO *G UWDUG SWGPVN[ ECOG VQ 6TKGT YJGTG JG RTGCEJGF CPF DWKNV C EJWTEJ 0C\CTKWU CPF %GNUWU YGTG CTTGUVGF QP 0GTQŉ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

UGG ,QUGRJ &GT 9GKPJGKOGT *CNDDTCMVGCVGPHWPF *GKFGNDGTI YCU HQWPF KP KP 9GKPJGKO CPF DWTKGF CTQWPF +V EQPUKUVGF QH CRRTQZ JCNH DTCEVGCVGU QH YJKEJ PGCTN[ GXGT[ UKPING QPG GPFGF WR KP 9GKPJGKO CPF NCVGT KP *GKFGNDGTI # XGT[ NKOKVGF COQWPV HGNN KPVQ RTKXCVG JCPFU VJG JQCTF KU FQEWOGPVGF D[ *ÌHMGP KP #T EJKX $F +++ R H 6JKU V[RG KU HQWPF WPFGT PQ YKVJ ,QUGRJ 6JG JQCTF EQPVCKPGF URGEKOGPU FQWDNG HCEGF YKVJ QPN[ CP QD XGTUG CPF YKVJ QPN[ C TGXGTUG CU QPG YCU RTQDCDN[ FWDKQWU ,QUGRJŉU VGZV GZCEVN[ OCVEJGU VJCV QP VJKU EQKP DWV WPHQTVWPCVGN[ VJG V[RG KU PQV UJQYP KP ,QUGRJ 1P VJKU EQKP C ETQUU ECP DG OCFG QWV XGT[ XCIWGN[ DWV KV UJQWNF DG EQPUKFGTGF C WPKHCEG KP O[ QRKPKQP (QT VJG TGXGTUG ,QUGRJ RTQXKFGU KP VJG CPINGU QH VJG ETQUU CNVGTPCVGN[ 0 CPF DWPEJ QH ITCRGU HQT VJG NGIGPF Ő TKPI YKVJ FQV KP KV Ő 6JG CXGTCIG YGKIJV KU RTQXKFGF HQT URGEKOGPU D[ ,QUGRJ VJGTGHQTG VJKU DGKPI VJG QPG EQKP VJCV JCU OCFG KV KPVQ RTKXCVG JCPFU KU PQV KORQUUKDNG

225

SPEYER

52';'4 5RG[GT JCF VJTGG PCOGU VJTQWIJ VJG CIGU WPFGT VJG %GNVKE VTKDG QH /GFKQOCVTKEK 0QXKQOCIWU WPFGT VJG )GTOCPKE VTKDG QH VJG 0GOGVGU 0GOCVC QT 0GOGVKU CPF HKPCNN[ CTQWPF WPFGT VJG /GTQXKPIKCPU 5RKTC 6JG HKTUV PCOG 0QXKQOCIWU OGCPU RNCEG YJGTG ŋVYQ EQPXGTIKPI TKXGTU HQTO CP CPINGŌ $QVJ 0GOGVKU CPF 5RKTC CTG HQWPF QP EQKPU (TQO DKUJQRU CTG FQEWOGPVGF +P VJG EKV[ YCU ITCPVGF KOOWPKV[ D[ 1VVQ + #HVGT VJCV VJG UKIPKHKECPEG FYKPFNGF VQ CICKP TGXKXG WPFGT %QPTCF ++ YJQ EJQUG VQ DG DWTKGF KP 5RG[GT VJG EQPUVTWE VKQP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN EQOOGPEGF KP +P VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ VJG UKFG QH *GPT[ +8 YCU VCMGP

1661 ++ +++

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %# 2' 4 *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ ETQUU KP EGPVTG 54+29' #%6 DCTDCTK\GF 52+4# %+8+6#5 'JTGPF -NWIG 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ 'JTGPF VJG VGZV UJQWNF TGCF # 1661 4': +/2 4 52+4# %+8+6#5 *G CUETKDGU VJKU KP NKPG YKVJ VJG VGZV VQ 1VVQ + CPF FCVGU KV VQ CTQWPF -NWIG RTQXKFGU VJG UCOG VGZV CU 'JTGPF DWV CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ 1VVQ ++ QT +++ VJWU CHVGT 9G CFJGTGF VQ -NWIG

*'+04+%* +++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI *'+0 4+%85 4': 4 $QCV YKVJ ECDKP CPF VJTGG QCTU JCPF QH C TQYGT KP VJG OKFFNG + 0'/'6+5 %+8+6 #5 + &CPPGPDGTI 'JTGPF -NWIG IT 5OCNN FKG HCWNV QP VJG QDXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG TQYKPI DQCV KU V[RKECN QH 5RG[GT 'JTGPF ENCUUKHKGU VJKU EQKP WPFGT *GPT[ ++ -NWIG &KG 5CNKGT HQT VJG VGZVU RTQXKFGU *'+04+%85 4: CPF 0'/'6+5 %+8+6#5 CPF CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ *GPT[ +++ *GTG YG CFJGTGF VQ -NWIGŉU CVVTKDWVKQP (QNNQYKPI VJG VGZV 52+4# PQ VJG PCOG 0'/'6+5 UWFFGPN[ TGVWTPU +PVGTRWPEVKQP VJG TGXGTUG VGZV GPFU KP C VTKCPING QH FQVU

.16*#4 XQP 5722.+0$74)

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP TKPI CPF UVCT 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF UVCT DGVYGGP VJGO 'JTGPF # VJKU URGEKOGP IT 1PN[ MPQYP URGEKOGP KP EQOOGTEG 'FIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 1PG QH C MKPF QH VJG JQCTF $GVVGPJCWUGP

226

SPEYER (4+'&4+%* +

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UVCT T KP HKGNF 4 $KUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU TQUG OCFG QH RGNNGVU T KP HKGNF 'JTGPF $ VJKU URGEKOGP IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 0CW RN VJG HQNNQYKPI GZRNCPCVKQP ŋ9KG KP 9QTOU HKPFGP YKT CWEJ KP 5RG[GT Y·JTGPF FGT UVCWHKUEJGP 'RQEJG FCU $KNF FGU -ÌPKIU WPF -CKUGTU CWH FGP /ÒP\GP KP JQJGO /CG RT·UGPV +P 5RG[GT KUV FKGU UQICT PQEJ KP DGUQPFGTU DGVQPVGO #WUOC FGT (CNN FC J·WHKI -ÌPKI WPF $KUEJQH IGOGKPUCO CWH FGP /ÒP\GP GT UEJGKPGP &COKV YKTF KP FKGUGT DKUEJÌHNKEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVG YKG KP MGKPGT CPFGTGP FKG 5VGNNWPI FGU -ÌPKIU CNU 8QIV FGT -KTEJG DGVQPV Ō +P 5RG[GT CU KP 9QTOU YG CNUQ UGG C NCTIG RTGUGPEG QH VJG KOCIGU QH MKPI CPF GORGTQT QP VJG EQKPU FWTKPI VJG 5VCWHGT GTC +P 5RG[GT CNN VJG OQTG CU MKPI CPF DKUJQR QHVGP CRRGCT VQIGVJGT QP EQKPU VJKU OKPV CU PQ QVJGT VJWU WPFGTNKPGU VJG UVCVWU QH VJG MKPI CU 8QIV QH VJG EJWTEJ KP VJKU GRKUEQRCN OKPV +P <F5V CVVTKDWVKQP VQ (TGFGTKEM + WR VQ *GPT[ 8+ CPF VQ $KUJQR 7NTKEJ ++ QH 4GEJDGTI WR VQ 1VVQ ++ QH *GPPGDGTI

4#21&1 XQP .1$'&'0$74)

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # 0KODCVG DWUV HCXKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF NKU KP RQTVCN 0 Ő8 Ő őő 'JTGPF IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNGEVKQP +P 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N VJKU EQKP YCU FGUETKDGF CU &ÒPPRHGPPKI 9GKPJGKO QH #DDQV *GPT[ QH #WTKEJ &ÒPPRHGPPKI CTQWPF 'JTGPF FGUETKDGU VJG TGXGTUG CU ŋ&QOHCUUCFG XQP 9GUVGP OKV -WRRGN WPF \YGK 5GKVGPVÒTOGP QHHGPGU 2QTVCN OKV .KNKGŌ %CVJGFTCN HCECFG UGGP HTQO VJG YGUV YKVJ FQOG CPF VYQ UKFG URKTGU QRGPGF RQTVCN YKVJ NKU CPF JG RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI VGZVU # Ő 8Ő Ő 0 Ő 8 CPF 4 Ő # Ő 8 Ő Ő 0 Ő 8 Ő 6JG NKN[ KU VJG U[ODQN QH /CT[ KP YJQUG PCOG VJG ECVJGFTCN QH 5RG[GT KU EQPUGETCVGF 6JKU TGPFGTU CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 5RG[GT NKMGN[ 6JG UGCN QH 4CRQFQ UWDUVCPVKCVGU VJKU EQKP DGNQPIKPI VQ 5RG[GT 4CRQFQ YCU PGXGT CNNQYGF VQ YGCT C OKVTG 9KGNCPFV CNUQ ENCUUKHKGU VJKU EQKP WPFGT 5RG[GT /ÒP\GP XQP $CWVGP *GKFGNDGTI -CNGPFGT 2QTVNCPF <GOGPV 9GTM CU FQGU ,QUGRJ 5NI ,QUGRJ #WEV *CODWTIGT (TCPMHWTV /CKP

-104#& +++ XQP 5%*#4('0$'4)

2HGPPKI # %JWTEJ YKVJ QPG VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ QPG VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU 'JTGPF IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT %CPPQV HKPF VJKU EQKP KP 'JTGPF 6JG EJWTEJ KV UJQYU KU PQV VJCV QH #PPYGKNGT CU VJCV KU CPQVJGT UJCRG 6JKU UJCRG OQUV TGUGODNGU 'JTGPF CNVJQWIJ VJCV KU C FQWDNG HCEGF RHGPPKI %NCUUKHKGF KV WPFGT 5RG[GT HQT PQY WPFGT $KUJQR -QPTCF +++ QH 5EJCTHGPDGTI

227

FRANKFURT %KV[ 5RG[GT +P .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP ITCPVGF VJG EKV[ QH 5RG[GT VQ UVTKMG KVU QYP JGNNGTU

*GNNGT CTQWPF 8KGTUEJNCI # )QVJKE 5 YKVJKP EKTENG 4 %JWTEJ 'JTGPF 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ

(4#0-(746 4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG +ORGTKCN /KPV (4+'&4+%* + (TCPMHWTV HKTUV CRRGCTU KP YTKVKPI CU (TCPEQPQHWTF ŋ(QTVTGUU QH VJG (TCPMUŌ KP +V UKIPKHKGU VJG (TCPMKUJ ENCKOU NCKF VQ VJKU VGTTKVQT[ CU QRRQUGF VQ VJG PQP (TCPMKUJ +P VJG UCOG [GCT %JCTNGOCIPG UVC[GF KP VJKU RNCEG HQT SWKVG C YJKNG +V OCTMGF VJG UVCTV QH YJCV YGTG VQ DGEQOG CTQWPF TQ[CN XKUKVU WPVKN 6JG TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG YCU DWKNV WPFGT .QWKU VJG 2KQWU VJG RCNCVKPCVG EJCRGN FCVGU VQ (TCPMHWTV CNQPI YKVJ 4GIGPUDWTI YCU CP QWVRQUV QH VJG 'CUVGTP (TCPMKUJ 'ORKTG CPF HCKTN[ GCTN[ JCF VJG OCMKPIU QH C UVCVGN[ TGUKFGPVKCN EKV[ 6JG 1VVQPKCPU OCKPVCKPGF KV CU UWEJ +V NQUV KP UKIPKHKECPEG KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ FWG VQ YJCV YCU RTQDCDN[ C HKTG KP VJG RCNCVKPCVG DWKNFKPI 7PFGT VJG 5VCWHGTU KV HNQWTKUJGF CICKP 6JG HKTUV MKPI VQ XKUKV (TCPMHWTV YCU %QPTCF +++ 0GY DWKNFKPIU YGTG RWV WR COQPIUV QVJGTU C TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG CPF CP KORGTKCN ECUVNG 6JKU YCU V[RKECN RQNKVKEU QH VJG 5VCWHGTU YJQ YCPVGF VQ ETGCVG C UVTQPI EGPVTG QH RQYGT KP VJG 9GVVGTCW QH YJKEJ (TCPMHWTV YCU RCTV VQ EQWPVGTDCNCPEG VJG DKUJQRU QH /CKP\ +P (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC YCU GNGEVGF MKPI KP (TCPMHWTV VJG GNGEVKQP QH VJG MKPI JCF VCMGP RNCEG JGTG UKPEG VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YKVJ C HGY GZEGRVKQPU 6JKU EQPVKPWGF WPVKN KP VJG )QNFGP $WNN HK PCNN[ QHHKEKCNN[ FGUKIPCVGF (TCPMHWTV CU VJG RNCEG HQT VJG GNGEVKQP QH VJG MKPI (TCPMHWTV YCU VJG EGPVTG QH C XCUV TGIKQP UWEJ CU VJG 4GKEJUHQTUV &TGKGKEJ # 4GKEJUHQTUV QT 9KNF DCPPHQTUV YCU C VGTTKVQT[ KP YJKEJ KVU NQTF JGNF VJG UQNG TKIJV VQ JWPV +PKVKCNN[ VJG MKPI YCU RCKF KP MKPF NCVGT KP OQPG[ VJG OCTMU CPPWCN VCZGU YCU COQPI VJG JKIJGUV COQWPVU RCKF CV VJG VKOG 7PVKN VJG MKPIU VJGOUGNXGU JGNF RQYGT QXGT VJG EKV[ +P VJCV [GCT (TGFGTKEM ++ CDQNKUJGF VJG 4GKEJUXQIVGK KORGTKCN IWCTFKCPUJKR CPF C 5EJWNVJGK CP QHHKEG CMKP VQ VQFC[ŉU OC[QT YCU CRRQKPVGF +P VJTGG DCPMU YGTG GUVCDNKUJGF VJCV QH VJG 5EJÌHHGP VJG 5EJWNVJGKŉ CFOKPKUVTCVQTU VJCV QH VJG USWKTGU CPF VJCV QH VJG VTCFGUOGP +P .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP CESWKGUEGF VJG EKV[ŉU GZRCPUKQP VQ VJTGG VKOGU KVU UK\G (TCPMHWTV YCU CP KORGTKCN OKPV CPF OKPVKPI EQOOGPEGF KP

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF GORGTQT HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD VJTGG CPPWNGVU KP HKGNF (4'&'4+%85 +/4'4# $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( C 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEK OGP IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP (F .KEJVGPDGTI C &$$ #NVGPDWTI 6GZV (4'&'4+%85 +/2'4# 614 6JG HKPGPGUU QH VJG FKG EWVVKPI CTVKUVT[ RWVU VJKU EQKP YKVJKP VJG HKTUV [GCTU QH OKPVKPI

228

FRANKFURT

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD WPFGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG CPF QXGT CTEJ YKVJ (4+&'4+% QP KV $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

(TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\JCPFNWPI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5$8 $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ %H (F .KEJVGPDGTI E

*'+04+%* 8+

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF GORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD HCEKPI UGCVGF QP VJTQPG 60&861'8 082+08 $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 #VVTCEVKXG RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

47&1.( XQP *#$5$74) !

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD QXGT CTEJ YKVJ NKQP N KP KV $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM DGVYGGP

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD QXGT CTEJ YKVJ NKQP N KP KV $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

#&1.( XQP 0#55#7 !

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VJTQPG $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z %CTPGIKG /WUGWO QH 0CVWTCN *KUVQT[ EQNNGEVKQP 2KVVUDWTIJ

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VJTQPG HQWT RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

)TÒP *GKFGNDGTI #WEVKQP PQ

229

FRANKFURT 5V·FVKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPI /WPKEKRCN OKPVKPI +P VJG EKV[ CESWKTGF VJG TKIJV QH UVTKMKPI UOCNN EQKPU CV KVU QYP GZRGPUG +P C TKIJV YCU ITCPVGF HQT C RGTKQF QH QPG [GCT VQ UVTKMG C IQNF EQKP KP VJG PCOG QH -KPI 4WRTGEJV VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG UKNXGT EQKPU YCU QDVCKPGF KP 6JG FGHKPKVKXG RGTOKUUKQP VQ UVTKMG IQNF EQKPU YCU TGEGKXGF KP # EQKP YCU UVTWEM YKVJ VJG GHHKI[ QH %JCTNGOCIPG VJG EKV[ŉU HQWPFGT DWV VJG GORGTQT YKVJFTGY JKU RGTOKUUKQP KP +UUWGU KP UKNXGT YGTG NKOKVGF VQ KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG ITQU VQWTPQKU VJG GUVGTNKP CPF VJG JGNNGT

)QNFIWNFGP # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV UVCPFKPI ETGUEGPV YKVJ UOCNN HCEG DGVYGGP VJG NGIU /10'6 01 (4# %(14& 4 1TD KP UKZHQKN YKVJ NKU 5+)+5/8ŉ & 41 0148/ 4': (D , W ( C IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ +P VJG PCOG QH 'ORGTQT 5KIKUOWPF

)QNFIWNFGP # 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ NCOD QXGT UJKGNF /10'6 Q 01 (4#0%(ŉ & 4 1TD KP VTGHQKN (4+&4+%85 Q 41/#0 Q +/2 (D , W ( G IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ +P VJG PCOG QH 'ORGTQT (TKGFTKEJ +++

230

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # 5OCNN GCING N YKVJ ETQYP /10'6# : 018# YKVJKP CTEJGU GPENQUKPI NKU 4 68410 Q (4#0ŉ (ŉ CTQWPF UJQTV ETQUU 5+6 Q 01/ Q &0+ Q &+' 04+ Q $0 &%/ Q , W ( P IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

GELNHAUSEN

6WTPQUITQUEJGP # )TGCV GCING N YKVJ ETQYP /10'6# Q 018# YKVJKP CTEJGU EQPVCKPKPI NKU 4 68410 Q (4#0% CTQWPF UJQTV ETQUU U+6 Q 01/ Q &0+ Q &'+ Q 04+ Q $'0'&+% , W ( ++ N IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

'PINKUEJ # 5JKGNF YKVJ HQWT ETQYPGF GCINGU N /10 '6# 018 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU #0).+' Q (4#0%(14&0ŉ , W ( ++ D ! IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG 9KNNGOU $GPPGMQO 'PINKUJ *GNNGT

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ŉU EQKPCIG KP )GNPJCWUGP CNYC[U FGRKEVU JKO PGZV VQ JKU UGEQPF YKHG $GCVTKEG

FCWIJVGT QH %QWPV 4GPCWF +++ QH $WTIWPF[ CPF #ICVJC QH .QTTCKPG DQTP KP YGFFGF (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KP FKGF KP +V KU PQV KORQUUKDNG VJCV CNN VJGUG V[RGU YGTG UVTWEM KP QT CTQWPF VJG [GCT QH VJG )GNPJCWUGP KORGTKCN FKGV *KU UWEEGUUQTU *GPT[ 8+ (TGFGTKEM ++ CPF %QPTCF +8 OCKPVCKPGF (TGFGTKEMŉU RTCEVKEG VJG[ YGTG CNYC[U RQTVTC[GF CU C TQ[CN EQWRNG QP VJGKT EQKPU

(4+'&4+%* +

-TGW\INQDWU 1TD YKVJ ETQUU

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF 'ORTGUU YKVJ QTD HCEKPI ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO (4+&' 4+%85 +16 $GTIGT XCT *·XGTPKEM , W ( C 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ CVVTCEVKXG RCVKPC 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP ++ PQ

231

GELNHAUSEN - MÜNZENBERG

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT YKVJ QTD CPF 'ORTGUU YKVJ NKU HCEKPI ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO (4+&'4+%1 $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC -WTR·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT YKVJ QTD CPF 'ORTGUU YKVJ NKU HCEKPI UVCHH VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU DGVYGGP VJGO (4+&'4+% $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM , W ( 0CW (TCPMHWTV 5NI $QPJQHH

VJKU URGEKOGP IT 44 #VVTCEVKXG RCVKPC UOCNN GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM

%1706; /ª0<'0$'4) /ÒP\GPDGTI YCU C HQTVKHKECVKQP KP VJG 9GVVGTCW GPENQUGF D[ FQWDNG YCNNU +P VJG YCNN QP VJG UQWVJ UKFG C PGY ECUVNG YCU DWKNV YJKEJ YCU EQORNGVGF KP CPF UGTXGF CU C TGUKFGPEG HQT %WPQ QH /ÒP\GPDGTI

%701 + %WPQ YCU OCTTKGF VQ .WEMCTFG JGKTGUU VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 0ÒTKPIU 5VGOOKPI HTQO VJG NKPG QH TQ[CN UGT XCPVU QH *CIGP %WPQ PCOGF JKOUGNH CHVGT VJG ECUVNG /ÒP\GPDGTI YJKEJ JG JCF DWKNV MO PQTVJ QH (TCPMHWTV /CKP KP VJG 9GVVGTCW 9JKNG VJGTG KU PQ TGEQTF QH C ITCPVGF TKIJV QH OKPV JKU OKPVKPI EQWNF JCXG JCTFN[ DGGP CICKPUV VJG YKNN QH VJG 5VCWHGTU KP XKGY QH JKU RQUKVKQP CU 4GKEJUGTDM·OOGTGT VJG JGTKVCDNG QHHKEG QH KORGTKCN VTGCUWTGT CPF UVCVWU CU EQPHKFCPV QH VJCV HCOKN[

$TCMVGCV # $WUV YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF T WPFGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG VYQ UVCHHU VGTOKPCVKPI KP OKPV $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 # NKVVNG ETGUVHCNNGP QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ RCVKPC /ÒP\GP W /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 6JG KPUETKRVKQP %801 &' /+0%'0$' QP *·X KU RTQQH QH VJG CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU EQKP VQ %WPQ YJKEJ KU UWRRQTVGF D[ VJG /KP\GPUVGPIGN OKPV UVCNM

232

SELIGENSTADT

#$$'; 5'.+)'056#&6 +P 'KPJCTF C EQPHKFCPV QH %JCTNGOCIPG CPF .QWKU VJG 2KQWU HQWPFGF C PGY URKTKVWCN EGPVTG KP VJG /CKPICW +P JG VTCPUHGTTGF VJG TGOCKPU QH VJG OCTV[TU /CTEGNNKPWU CPF 2GVTWU HTQO 4QOG VQ VJKU EGPVTG 6JG[ YGTG FGHKPKVKXGN[ KPVGTTGF KP KP VJG TQOCPGUSWG DCUKNKEC VJCV 'KPJCTF JCF EQOOGPEGF 6JWU KV DGECOG C RNCEG QH RKNITKOCIG +VU QNF PCOG 1DGT /ÒJNJGKO YCU TGRNCEGF YKVJ 5CNKIWPUVCV KP +P VJG OQPCUVGT[ ECOG WPFGT VJG GORKTG CPF KP KV DGECOG C HKGH HQT NKHG VQ VJG DKUJQRU QH 9ÒT\DWTI #HVGT CP KPFGHKPKVG RGTKQF QH VKOG KV YCU EGFGF VQ VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE QH /CKP\ +P *GPT[ +8 ITCPVGF KV CU C RGTOCPGPV HKGH VQ VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE QH /CKP\ #U UQQP CU *GPT[ +++ JCF CEMPQYNGFIGF VJG KOOWPKV[ QH VJG OQPCU VGT[ CPF ITCPVGF KV TKIJVU QH OCTMGV CPF OKPV +P VJGTG KU OGPVKQP QH C EKXGU YJKEJ OGCPU VJCV VJGTG OWUV JCXG DGGP C EKV[ UWTTQWPFKPI VJG OQP CUVGT[ +P VJG 5VCWHGT RGTKQF EQPUVTWEVKQP QH C TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG YCU EQOOGPEGF [GV PGXGT EQORNGVGF

+P VJG EKV[ QH 5GNKIGPUVCFV YCU KPEQTRQTCVGF KP VJG 4JGKPKUEJG 5V·FVGDWPF HGFGTCVKQP QH 4JGKP EKVKGU CPF NCVGT LQKPGF VJG EKVKGU KP VJG 9GVVGTCW +P C HKTG FGUVTQ[GF GXGT[VJKPI DWV VJG HTQPV QP VJG /CKP

$TCMVGCV CTQWPF # $WUV QH VJG CDDQV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH KP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG $GTIGT *·XGTPKEM 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JG CTEJKVGEVQPKE HTCOKPI KU TGOCTMCDN[ NQRUKFGF +P NKVGTCVWTG VJKU KU KPXCTKCDN[ TGHGTTGF VQ CU ŋDWUV QH VJG CDDQVŌ DWV VJG EQTTGEVPGUU QH VJKU KU UWDLGEV VQ FQWDV 9QWNFPŉV VJKU TCVJGT DG VJG HQWPFGT 'KPJCTF! 'KPJCTF

Ŏ YCU GFWECVGF KP (WNFC CPF YKVJ #NEWKP +P JG CVVGPFGF VJG EQWTV QH %JCTNGOCIPG CPF FKPGF CV VJG UQXGTGKIPŉU VCDNG #HVGT #NEWKPŉU FGRCTVWTG HQT 6QWTU 'KPJCTF DGECOG VJG RTKPEKRCN QH VJG EQWTV UEJQQN CPF KV YCU 'KPJCTF YJQ RGTUWCFGF %JCTNGOCIPG VQ CNTGCF[ FGUKIPCVG JKU UQP .QWKU VJG 2KQWU CU EQ GORGTQT KP (QT UGTXKEGU TGPFGTGF 'KPJCTF YCU TGYCTFGF YKVJ KORQTVCPV CDDG[U UWEJ CU VJG 5V $CXQ KP )JGPV 5V 5GTXCCU KP /CCUVKEJV 5V %NQWF PGCT 2CTKU CPF 5V 2GVGT KP (TKV\NCT *G YCU OCTTKGF VQ +OOC YJQ FKGF KP *G FKGF HQWT [GCTU NCVGT CPF YCU DWTKGF KP VJG OQPCUVGT[ EJWTEJ QH 5GNKIGPUVCFV 'KPJCTF KU OQUV HCOGF HQT JKU ŋ8KVC -CTQNK /CIPKŌ

*'55'0 %1706; *'55'0 6JG RGQRNG QH *GUUGP YGTG HKTUV OGPVKQPGF CU *GUUK D[ $QPKHCEG YJQ YCU FQKPI OKUUKQPCT[ YQTM VJGTG +P VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG PCOG ŋ*GUUGICWŌ YCU FQEWOGPVGF +V YCU VJG VGTTKVQT[ QH VJG %JCVVK VJG RNCKP QH (TKV\NCT 9CDGTP CPF VJG TGIKQP CTQWPF -CUUGN *GUUGP DGNQPIGF VQ VJG (TCPMKUJ 4GCNO 9KVJ VJG 5CZQPU CV VJGKT PQTVJ DQTFGT VJG (TCPMU DWKNV UGXGTCN HQTVTGUUGU $ÒTCDWTI PGCT (TKV\NCT %JTKUVGPDGTI PGCT 9GVVGT CPF #OÌPGDWTI PGCT /CTDWTI 5GXGTCN EQWPVU JGNF UYC[ FWTKPI VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JGUG NCPFU YGTG QYPGF D[ VJG %QPTCFKPGU 6JG[ YGTG VJG NCPFU QH VJG HKTUV MKPI QH VJG )GTOCP TGCNO %QPTCF + ;GV JKU FQOKPKQP ITCFWCNN[ ETWODNGF CPF CHVGT VJG FGOKUG QH JKU DTQVJGT 'DGTJCTF Ŏ VJG TWNG QH VJG %QPTCFKPGU KP *GUUGP YCU QXGT #TQWPF $QPKHCEG HQWPFGF C OQPCUVGT[ KP (TKV\NCT CPF #OÌPGDWTI *G EQORNGVGF VJKU GXCPIGNKUC VKQP RTQEGUU KP D[ HQWPFKPI C FKQEGUG KP $ÌTCDWTI $QPKHCEG JCU WPKVGF JKU QYP FKQEGUG YKVJ VJCV QH 'THWTV ECWUKPI #NVJGUUGP 1NF *GUUGP VQ NCTIGN[ EQOG WPFGT VJG #TEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ WPVKN 233

HESSEN

#HVGT %QPTCFŉU FGCVJ KP VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPGU CPF VJG -ÌPKIJÌHG UWEJ CU (TKV\NCT ICKPGF KP RTQOK PGPEG %NQUG TGNCVKQPU YGTG MGRV YKVJ VJG 1VVQPKCPU #OQPIUV QVJGTU 1VVQ ++ DGUVQYGF VJG RCNCVKPCVG 'UEJYGIG WRQP JKU YKHG 6JGQRJCPW CU C FQYGT CPF JGT FCWIJVGT 5QRJKC CDDGUU QH )CPFGTUJGKO HQWPFGF VJG EQPXGPV 'UEJYGIG VJGTG *GPT[ ++ KP DGUVQYGF -CUUGN QP JKU YKHG %WPKIWPFG CU C FQYGT YJQ KP VWTP HQWPFGF C YQOGPŉ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ŉU FGCVJ RTQDNGOU EQPEGTPKPI UWEEGUUKQP HTGSWGPVN[ CTQUG YJKEJ JQYGXGT PGXGT CHHGEVGF VJG NCPF KP C PGICVKXG YC[ +P %JCTNGU +8 TGEQIPKUGF VJG NCPFITCXGU QH *GUUGP CU KORGTKCN RTKPEGU /CKP\ HQTOGF C EQPUVCPV RNCIWG CPF QPN[ WPFGT .QWKU + KP FWTKPI VJG RGCEG QH (TCPM HWTV YQWNF KV DG PGWVTCNKUGF QPEG CPF HQT CNN 6JWU VJG EQWPVU QH 9CNFGEM .KRRG CPF 4KGVDGTI COQPIUV QVJGTU DGECOG HGWFCNN[ FGRGPFGPV QP *GUUGP 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH .QWKU + C UWEEGUUKQP HGWF KIPKVGF DGVYGGP JKU UQPU +P .CPFITCXG 9KNNKCO ++ HKPCNN[ OCPCIGF VQ WPKVG VJG YJQNG VGTTKVQT[ KP VJG EQWTUG QH VKOG KV JCF DGEQOG UWDUVCPVKCNN[ GZRCPFGF VQ VJG UQWVJ 6JG TGUKFGPEG YCU PQY -CUUGN YJKEJ FG HCEVQ JCF CN TGCF[ VCMGP VJCV RQUKVKQP HTQO /CTDWTI D[ VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

7PFGT VJG .KWFQNHKPIU *'+04+%* 4#52' +8

$TCMVGCV /CTDWTI # 6YQ JGCFU WPFGT CTEJ CDQXG DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UVCHHU VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU 8 8 8 8 $GTIGT 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP QP DTQCF HNCP

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z (TKGFGPUDWTI EQNNGEVKQP PQ 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP PQ %CJP 'Z (F 5EJNGWUKPIGP 6JG (F 5EJNGWUKPIGP ECOG WR KP CPF YCU DWTKGF CTQWPF +V YCU EQORQUGF QH RKGEGU QH JKIJN[ FKXGTUG QTKIKPU +V EQPVCKPGF URGEKOGPU QH VJKU MKPF )QVJC $GTNKP HQT (F 5EJNGWUKPIGP UGG *·XGTPKEM &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JÒTKPIGP ,GPC R $GTIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ .CPFITCXG *GTOCPP ++ QH *GUUGP +VU UV[NG KU OQTG *GUUKCP VJCP KV KU 6JWTKPIKCP

234

HESSEN 7PFGT VJG *QWUG $TCDCPV *'+04+%* +

$TCMVGCV /CTDWTI # %TQYPGF NKQP T JGCF HCEKPI $GTIGT 5EJÒV\ 5NI $QPJQHH IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF UOCNN HNCP ETCEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F /CTDWTI

&GPCT 9QNHUJCIGP # %QWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF QTD UVCPFKPI 4 $WUV WPFGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG YKVJ VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU 5EJÒV\ IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5EJÒV\ 'Z $KU\KPIGT EQNNGEVKQP

.7&9+) +

-TQPGPITQUEJGP CHVGT # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP N KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ ETQYPU CPF . 8 & ' KP VJG CPINGU : .8&'9+%85 ∫ &'+ ∫ )4#%+# .# 4 .KQPUJKGNF WPFGT ETQYP : )415585 ∫ .#06)4#8+ ∫ *#55+ 5EJÒV\ IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

-TQPGPITQUEJGP %QWPVGTOCTM JGUUKCP EKV[ # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP N KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ ETQYPU CPF . 8 & ' KP VJG CPINGU : .8&'9+%85 ∫ &'+ ∫ )4#%+# .#06 4 .KQPUJKGNF WPFGT ETQYP : )415585 ∫ .#06)4#8+ ∫ *#55+' -TWU[ : 5EJÒV\ IT %QKP HKPG %QWPVGTOCTM XGT[ HKPG #WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

235

HESSEN 9+.*'./ +

2GVGTUITQUEJGP #NDWU # 5JKGNFU QH *GUUGP <KGIGPJCKP CPF 0KFFC 9+.*'. Q & Q )4# Q .#06)4 Q *#5 4 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU HCEKPI QXGT UJKGNF QH *GUUGP YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ *1001 8#'#55 5EJÃ&#x2019;V\ IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5VWVVICTV (TQO NKUV PQ %H CNUQ 5NI (KQTKPQ 2TKP\ #NGZ

9+.*'./ ++

#NDWU # 5JKGNFU QH -CV\GPGNPDQIGP <KGIGPJCKP CPF &KG\ 9+.*'./ â&#x20AC;&#x17E; ) â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 0#46)4# â&#x20AC;&#x17E; *#55+' 4 %TQYPGF CPF PKODCVG 5V 'NKUCDGVJ QXGT UJKGNF QH *GUUGP 0KFFC YKVJ EJWTEJ CPF DTGCF KP JCPF Q Q ).14+ Q Q 4'+ Q 28$.+' 5EJÃ&#x2019;V\ IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG .CP\ /WPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $KU\KPIGT EQNNGEVKQP

1PG YQWNF GZRGEV VJG EJWTEJ JGNF D[ 'NKUCDGVJ VQ DG VJCV QH /CTDWTI RGQRNG CPF DWKNFKPIU WUGF VQ DG FGRKEVGF KP C UV[NKUGF OCPPGT DWV CTQWPF ITCRJKE VGEJPKSWGU FGXGNQRGF 6JGTG KU PQ NKMGPGUU JQYGXGT 6JKPIU EJCPIG YJGP YG VWTP VQ 0CWODWTI VJG EJWTEJ QH YJKEJ TGUGODNGU VJG EQKP OWEJ OQTG +OOGFKCVGN[ CHVGT JGT ECPQPKUCVKQP KP C UVCVWG YCU TCKUGF VQ JGT KP 0CWODWTI +V KU VJG UKPING QNFGUV QDLGEV QH VJG TGXGTGPEG QH 'NKUCDGVJ 236

LIMBURG

.+/$74) 6JG EKV[ QH .KODWTI TQUG HTQO C UGVVNGOGPV CV VJG HQQV QH VJG $WTIDGTI ECUVNG JKNN (TQO VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG EKV[ KU FQEWOGPVGF DWV UQ CTG VJG EKV[ NQTFU QH +UGPDGTI .KODWTI 6JG EKV[ TGVCKPGF C NKCKUQP YKVJ VJG MKPIFQO CPF VJG KORGTKCN EKVKGU QH VJG 9GVVGTCW WR VQ VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG HKTUV EQWPV KU (TGFGTKEM QH +UGPDGTI CRRTQZ #HVGT JKU UQP &KGVTKEJ + QH +UGPDGTI .KODWTI Ŏ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

9+.*'./ + #V VJG FGCVJ QH VJGKT HCVJGT &KGVTKEJ +8 VJG UQPU FKXKFGF VJG EQWPV[ COQPI VJGOUGNXGU D[ XKTVWG QH C VTGCV[ QH 9KNNKCO + TGEGKXGF VJG ECUVNG CPF VJG %QWPV[ .KODWTI VJG ECUVNG CPF VJG UGWIPGWTKG $TQKEJ YQWNF DG LQKPVN[ IQXGTPGF D[ VJG DTQVJGTU #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH 9KNNKCO + JKU UQP KP NCY )WORTGEJV OCFG CP CVVGORV VQ WUWTR VJG KPJGTKVGPEG DWV VJG UQPU QH &KGVTKEJ 8 VJYCTVGF VJKU

2HGPPKI *QJGP .KODWTI # %QWPV HCEKPI UGCVGF QP DGPEJ YKVJ UYQTF CPF TQUCT[ ETQYPGF D[ VJTGG TQUGU NKQP N QP DTGCUV 9+.*'./85 %1/ 4 4QUG QH .KODWTI /10'6# : +0 : .+/$14)* $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 2GWU ņ (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 1H ITQWR $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN MPQY QPN[ QPG URGEKOGP 6JKU EQKP EQPUVKVWVGU CP COGPFOGPV VQ VJCV /QTGQXGT KV KU OQTG VJCP QDXKQWU VJCV VJG TGXGTUG GPFU YKVJ .+/$14)J TQUGVVG $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN RTQXKFG .+$14 )TQWR 5VTWEM CTQWPF

2HGPPKI *QJGP .KODWTI # #TOQWTGF EQWPV UVCPFKPI QXGT UJKGNF QH .KODWTI YKVJ UYQTF TQUG CTQWPF VJG PGEM CPF GORV[ UJKGNF $TQKEJ ! QP DTGCUV 9+./ %1/ &' Ő .+/$1 4 4QUG QH .KODWTI /10'6# 018# .+/$84% $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN F IT 4 &QWDNG UVTWEM QP VJG TGXGTUG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ )TQWR 5VTWEM CTQWPF

&+'64+%* 8 $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH &KGVTKEJ CNUQ DGECOG 8QIV QXGT 4GNNKPIJCWUGP

2HGPPKI 4GNNKPIJCWUGP # #TOQWTGF EQWPV UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF ETQYPGF D[ VJTGG ETQUUGU UJKGNF QH .KODWTI QP DTGCUV &+&'4+%* )4'8' 4 4QUG QH .KODWTI /10'6# 01 4'.+0*85' $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN G IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ )TQWR 5VTWEM CTQWPF

237

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

9GKRHGPPKI $TQKEJ # 0KODCVG 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ ETQUU CPF MG[ KP IQVJKE ECPQR[ QXGT UJKGNF QH .KO DWTI 9+.*'./ %1 : &' : .+/$ 4 5JKGNF QH 2HCN\ $C[GTP KP VTGHQKN YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING .KODWTI $C[GTP CPF 4QUG : /10' : 018# : $41% $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN D IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM CHVGT QH C 4JGKPKCP RCNCVKPG UVTKMG $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN +PFKECVG VYQ URGEKOGPU $GTNKP CPF 5NI 5RKGIGN

#010;/175

8KGTUEJKNFJGNNGT *QJGP .KODWTI # #TQWPF RGNNGV HQWT UJKGNF NKQP .KODWTI TQUG .KODWTI NKQP YKVJ QPG VCKN CPF $C[GTP $GTIJCWU 5RKGIGN IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 'Z 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM CHVGT QH C 4JGKPKCP UVTKMG )TQWR

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

9GNVNKEJGT *GTT

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ HNCIU 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING UWTTQWPFGF D[ VJTGG VKOGU VJTGG UOCNN RGNNGVU *·XGTPKEM 0CW ŋWPDGUVKOOVGT &[PCUVŌ 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP \GKV IT 4 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5VTWEM CTQWPF

238

WALDECK

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

*'+04+%* ++ # ITCPFUQP QH %QWPV #FQNH

2HGPPKI -QTDCEJ # $WUV QH C EQWPV HCEKPI YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN QP DTGCUV UVCT CPF ETQUU KP JCPFU 4 6JTGG UVCTU KP VTGHQKN EKTENG YKVJ RGNNGV KP EGPVTG )TQVG 5NI *GPPKI IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &GWVUEJNCPF #WEVKQP PQ

9#.&'%- '$'456'+0

$TCMVGCV .CPFUDGTI ! # 6YQ EQWPVU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ HNCI CPF UYQTF Ő Ő Ő Ő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ŋWPDGUVKOOVGT )TCH *·NHVG ,CJTJWPFGTVŌ WPFGVGTOKPGF EQWPV HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ /KPV .CPFUDGTI ! YKVJ VJG HQNNQYKPI EQOOGPV ŋ+O JGUUKUEJGP 4CWO ICD GU YKG KP 6JÒTKPIGP GKPG #P\CJN YGNVNKEJGT *GTTGP FKG CWGT FGP .CPFITCHGP WPF FGP IGKUVNKEJGP 5VKHVGP /ÒP\GP IGRT·IV JCDGP &KGUG UKPF YKG DGK XKGNGP CPFGTGP $TCMVGCVGP OGKUV UVWOO +JTG <WVGKNWPI CP GKP\GNPG )GUEJNGEJVGT WPF /ÒP\UV·VVGP MCPP FCJGT YKG KP CPFGTGP (·NNGP PWT CWHITWPF FGU $KNFV[RU EJCTCMVGTKUVKUEJGT /GTMOCNG KO 8GTINGKEJ OKV CPFGTGP 5VÒEMGP FGU )GYKEJVU WPF FGT (WPFXQTMQOOGP XQTIGPQOOGP YGTFGP #NU /ÒP\UV·VVG YKTF FCU JGWVG PKEJV OGJT DGUVGJGPFG .CPFUDGTI CPIGPQOOGP FCU GVYC MO PQTFYGUVNKEJ XQP -CUUGN NCI WO \GTUVÌTV WPF PKEJV YKGFGT CWHIGDCWV YWTFG &CJGT OW WPUGT $TCMVGCV XQT FKGUGO &CVWO GPVUVCPFGP UGKP Ō +P VJG CTGC CTQWPF *GUUGP CU KP 6JWTKPIKC CNKMG VJGTG YGTG DGUKFGU VJG NCPFITCXGU CPF VJG ENGTKECN ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGTU C PWODGT QH UGEWNCT NQTFU VJCV UVTWEM EQKP #U KU VJG ECUG YKVJ C NQV QH DTCEVGCVGU VJGUG EQKPU CTG OQUVN[ YKVJQWV YTKVKPI 6JGKT CVVTKDWVKQP VQ C UKPING NKPGCIG CPF OKPV KU VJGTGHQTG QPN[ RQUUKDNG QP VJG ITQWPFU QH V[RG QH VTCKVU VJCV CTG EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT QVJGT RKGEGU CU YGNN QH YGKIJV CPF QH QEEWTTCPEG KP JQCTFU 6JG OKPV KU CUUWOGF VQ DG VJG PQ NQPIGT GZKUVKPI OKPV QH .CPFUDGTI UKVWCVGF UQOG MO PQTVJ QH -CUUGN FGXCUVCVGF CTQWPF CPF PGXGT TGDWKNV 1WT DTCEVGCVG OWUV VJGTGHQTG JCXG DGGP UVTWEM DGHQTG VJKU FCVG

239

FULDA

#$$'; (7.&# #HVGT RTGRCTCVKQPU D[ $QPKHCEG VJG OQPCUVGT[ (WNFC YCU HQWPFGF QP /CTEJ #RCTV HTQO 5CNXC VQT CPF 2GVGT $QPKHCEG DGECOG OCKP RCVTQP QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 5VWTOK C UVWFGPV QH $QPKHCEGŉU JCF HQWPFGF CP 'KPUKGFGNGK JGTOKVCIG KP VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ YQWNF HQWPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ *GTUHGNF QP KVU TGOCKPU KP 6JKU 5VWTOK DGKPI VJG NGCFGT QH C UOCNN OQPCUVKE EQOOWPKV[ YCU DCPKUJGF KP D[ .WNNWU +P VJQUG FC[U (WNFC DGECOG C TQ[CN OQPCU VGT[ KV YCU ITCPVGF DQVJ VJG TKIJV VQ GNGEV KVU QYP CDDQV CPF KOOWPKV[ YJKEJ YCU CEMPQYNGFIGF KP D[ %JCTNGOCIPG #U C TGUWNV QH DGUVQYCNU VJG FQOKPKQP UVTGVEJGF HTQO (TKUKC VQ +VCN[ NCVGT KV YQWNF FKOKPKUJ VQ C TGIKQP KP EGPVTCN )GTOCP[ +P EQPUVTWEVKQP QH VJG 5V /KEJCGNŉU EJWTEJ EQOOGPEGF 6JG YGCNVJ QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ CPF VJG RGTUQPCN RQUUGUUKQPU QH VJG CDDQVU HQTOGF VJG DCUKU HQT VJG TQ[CN UVCVWU +ORGTKCN RQNKVKEU YGTG VCMGP RCTV KP +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG GXGT TKUKPI EQUVU QH EQWTV VTCXGNU QH UQXGTGKIPU UVC[KPI CV VJG OQPCUVGT[ CPF QH EQPVTKDWVKQPU VQ VJG RQRG COQWPVGF VQ HKPCPEKCN FKUCUVGT +P VJG DGIKPPKPI VJG OQPCUVGT[ OKPVGF FQWDNG UKFGF EQKPU 6JG QNFGUV QH VJGUG FCVG DCEM VQ VJG FC[U QH #DDQV 4KEJCTF CPF UJQY VJG UVCVWG QH $QPKHCEG 6JG NCUV YGTG UVTWEM D[ #DDQV *GPT[ + QH -GOPCVGP 6JGP DGICP VJG CIG QH VJG DTCEVGCVGU 6JG HKTUV CTG VJQUG QH #DDQV /CTMYCTF + 6JG DTCE VGCVGU UVTWEM KP VJG GCTN[ UVCIGU CTG QH RCTVKEWNCT DGCWV[ 6JG OQPCUVGT[ (WNFC OKPVGF KP (WNFC *COGNP )GTUVWPIGP CPF 8CEJC

-104#& ++ ŋ/KV #DV -QPTCF VTCV CP FKG 5RKV\G FGU -NQUVGTU GKP /CPP FGO YKT FKG UEJÌPUVGP (WNFCGT /KVVGNCNVGT OÒP\GP \W XGTFCPMGP JCDGP 5KG NGIGP HÒT UGKP +PVGTGUUG CP FGT DKNFGPFGP -WPUV WPF HÒT FCU $NÒJGP FGT (WNFCGT 9GTMUVCVV GKP NGDGPFKIGU <GWIPKU CD ŋ 9KVJ #DDQV %QPTCF C OCP CUEGPFGF VQ NGCFGTUJKR QXGT VJG OQPCUVGT[ VQ YJQO YG QYG VJG HKPGUV OGFKGXCN EQKPU HTQO (WNFC 6JG[ HQTO VJG NKXKPI VGUVKOQP[ QH JKU KPVGTGUV KP VJG HKPG CTVU CU YGNN CU VJG HNQWTKUJKPI YQTMOCPUJKR KP VJG (WNFC YQTMUJQR )CGVVGPU R

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV UGCVGF QP YCNN YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM %804#&85 #$$#5 %804# )CGVVGPU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG $TQCF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ )CGVVGPU MPQYU QH QPN[ QPG URGEKOGP KP VJG .CPFGUOWUGWO KP -CUUGN *G FGUETKDGU KV CU MÒPUVNGTKUEJ DGFGWVGPF

CTVKUVKECNN[ UKIPKHKECPV 6JG CDDQV KU YGCTKPI C OKVTG CPF JQNFKPI C ETQUKGT YJKEJ CV HKTUV UKIJV UGGOU KPEQOOGPUWTCVG YKVJ JKU QHHKEG CU CDDQV +V KU JQYGXGT EQTTGEV 6JG CDDQVU QH (WNFC JCF RCRCN RGTOKUUKQP VQ FQP GRKUEQRCN FKIPKV[ UGG )CGVVGPU R

240

FULDA

*'+04+%* +++

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH *'080#054*8%*5&8 )CGV VGPU 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV VJKU URGEKOGP IT 44 'FIG DTGCM CPF UOCNN HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV PQ (F 0QTFJCWUGP 0CEJVTCI ,GPC R

-104#& +++ XQP /#.-15

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV QP VJTQPG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM )CGVVGPU XCT 5NI $QPJQHH XCT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ )CGVVGPU FGUETKDGU VJG NKQPŉU VJTQPG CU VJTQPG YKVJ YQNHŉU JGCFU 6JKU EQKP CNUQ ITGCVN[ TGUGODNGU )CGVVGPU PQ CNVJQWIJ VJCV JCU C ENQUGF DQQM )CGVVGPU FCVGU VJKU EQKP VQ VJG KGU DGECWUG VJG FKCOGVGT ENGCTN[ EQTTGURQPFU YKVJ GCTNKGT DTCEVGCVGU *G ENCKOU KV KU VJG NCUV V[RG UVTWEM KP VJKU UK\G CHVGT VJKU VJG EQKPU YQWNF DG UOCNNGT HQT IQQF 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT ++

*'+04+%* +8 XQP '46*#.

$TCMVGCV 8CEJC # #DDQV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM *'04 $GTIGT )CGVVGPU 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 'Z (F /QUC 6JG (F /QUC YCU HQWPF KP CPF UGCNGF KP +V YCU C V[RKECNN[ TGIKQPCN JQCTF /QUV EQKPU D[ HCT CTG QH *GPT[ QH 'TVJCN #DDQV QH (WNFC 1H VJKU V[RG PQ ECOG WR YKVJ VJG JQCTF )QVJC $GTNKP #VVTKDWVKQP VQ 8CEJC KU DCUGF QP VJG HCEV VJCV /QUC NKGU KP VJG VTKCPING (WNFC *GTUHGNF CPF 5CN\WPIGP CPF 8CEJC NKGU ENQUGUV VQ KV $QVJ VJKU EQKP CPF PQ JCXG TCKUGF UQOG FQWDV YKVJ TGURGEV VQ VJGKT CVVTKDWVKQP VQ (WNFC DWV (WNFC KU VQ DG RTGHGTTGF HQT C PWODGT QH TGCUQPU HQT VJG (F /QUC UGG *·XGTPKEM &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JÒTKP IGP ,GPC $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP /QUC /GTVGPU R #RRTQZ

241

FULDA - HERSFELD

$TCMVGCV 8CEJC # #DDQV HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF RCNO NGCH GKIJV RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT )CGVVGPU 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 'Z (F /QUC 6JG (F /QUC EQPVCKPGF URGEKOGPU QH VJKU V[RG )QVJC (QT CP GNWEKFCVKQP UGG 0Q #RRTQZ

$'46*1.& +8 XQP $+/$#%*

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV UGCVGF QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUUGU YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $ 4 * 6 $GTIGT )CGVVGPU 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG RNGCUKPIN[ VQPGF *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG DGVYGGP VJG NGVVGTU QP VJG GFIG KU OCFG WR QH HQWT FQVU

*'+04+%* 8 XQP 9'+.0#7

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG CDDQV HCEKPI YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ OKNNUVQPGU 0 ' 0 ' $GTIGT )CGVVGPU 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

#$$'; *'45('.& +P $QPKHCEGŉU UVWFGPV 5VWTOK HQWPFGF C JGTOKVCIG 1P VJG UCOG URQV .WNNWU VJG UWEEGUUQT QH $QPK HCEG CU CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ HQWPFGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ *GTUHGNF KP .WNNWU YCU VJG HKTUV CDDQV QH *GTUHGNF YJKEJ JG TGOCKPGF VQ JKU FGCVJ KP +P VJG OQPCUVGT[ ECOG WPFGT VJG RTQVGEVKQP QH %JCTNGOCIPG KORGTKCN CDDG[ CPF HTGG EJQKEG QH CDDQV 5V 9KIDGTV YCU CDDQV QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ (TKV\NCT *KU TGOCKPU YGTG VTCPUHGTTGF HTQO (TKV\NCT VQ *GTUHGNF D[ #TEJDKUJQR .WNNWU QH /CKP\ CHVGT YJGTG TGXGTGPEG QH JKO UQQP GENKRUGF VJCV QH VJG RCVTQP UCKPVU QH VJG CDDG[ 5KOQP CPF 6JCFFGWU #TEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ *TCDCPWU /CWTWU FGXQVGF VJG EJWTEJ VQ VJG OGOQT[ QH 5V 9KIDGTV QP 1MVQDGT #HVGT VJG DKI HKTG QH TGEQPUVTWEVKQP YCU EQORNGVGF KP &WTKPI VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ VJG UKFG QH *GPT[ +8 YCU VCMGP 6JG NCVVGT TGRGCVGFN[ WUGF *GTUHGNF CU C JGCFSWCTVGTU VQ RNCP JKU TCKFU CICKPUV VJG 5CZQPU HTQO ,WUV CU VJG OQPCUVGT[ (WNFC *GTUHGNF VQQ UVCTVGF UVTKMKPI FQWDNG UKFGF RHGPPKIG 6JG[ DQTG VJG PCOGU QH DQVJ .WNNWU CPF %JCTNGOCIPG 6JG QTKIKPCN PCOG QH *GTUHGNF KU *GTGXGNFKC 6JG NCUV UOCNN RHGPPKI YCU UVTWEM WPVKN 6JGP KP EQPVTCUV VQ (WNFC C NCTIGT FQWDNG UKFGF RHGPPKI YQWNF UJQTVN[ CRRGCT

*GPT[ QH $KGTICTVGP 5VTKMKPI DTCEVGCVGU VJGP EQOOGPEGF WPFGT #DDQV 5KGIHTKGF 6JG OQPCUVGT[ *GTUHGNF OKPVGF KP *GTUHGNF #TPUVCFV *GTTGPDTGKVWPIGP CPF -ÌNNGFC 242

HERSFELD

&GPCT # *GCF QH 5V .WNNWU T YKVJ ETQUKGT 5%5 .8. 85 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG UVCT KP VJG UV CPING *'4' 8' .&+# &CPPGPDGTI IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP 1NFGUV EQKP QH YKVJ 5V .WNNWU CPF *GTGXGNFKC $WEJGPCW $ H /\HT R (F (WNFC /GPCFKGT &GT /Ã&#x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

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG -#41.85 +/2 4 5V .WNNWU HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT 5 % 5 .8.. 85 &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG IT 4 +TTGIWNCT HNCP C NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F (WNFC QH VJKU V[RG URGEKOGPU ECOG WR KP VJG (F (WNFC /GPCFKGT VQQM VJKU EQKP HQT C OGFCN UWRRQUGFN[ UVTWEM KP VQ EQOOGOQTCVG VJG TQ[CN RTQVGEVKQP TGEGKXGF [GCTU GCTNKGT $WEJGPCW FQWDVU VJKU CU VJG URGEKOGPU KP VJG JQCTF QH (WNFC YGTG KP UWEJ IQQF UJCRG VJCV VJG[ EQWNF DG JCTFN[ GZRGEVGF VQ JCXG DGGP DWTKGF HQT UQ NQPI 6JGTGHQTG $WEJGPCW EQPUKFGTU CP KUUWG KP QP VJG QEECUKQP QH VJG VJ CPPKXGTUCT[ QH VJG FGCVJ QH VJG ITGCV DGPGHCEVQT %JCTNGOCIPG

#&'./#00

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING #0&'4'0#0%1 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ * '4' 8'.&+# &CPPGPDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP

243

HERSFELD

*'+04+%* +

$TCMVGCV # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUKGT CPPWNGVU KP HKGNF + Q *'+ 04+%8 5 # $$#5 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z )CGVVGPU EQNNGEVKQP PQ .GW <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ (F X #WC PQ &$$ 6JKU EQKP KU QH EQWTUG C DTCEVGCVG DWV KV UVKNN JCU CNN VJG EJCTCEVGTKUVKEU QH C FQWDNG UKFGF RHGPPKI

,1*#00'5 +

$TCMVGCV #TPUVCFV # #DDQV QP VJTQPG HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF ETQUKGT GCING N VQYGT T PQ NGIKDNG NGIGPF $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 'FIG DTGCM INWGF QP VJG TGXGTUG CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QGEMG EQNNGEVKQP /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP %CJP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO (F 5GGIC (F 5GGIC CPF CTG VJG QPN[ EQKPU VJCV ECP DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ #TPUVCFV YKVJ UQOG FGITGG QH EGTVCKPV[ +P (F 5GGIC QPN[ VYQ URGEKOGPU QH QEEWTGF 6JKU URGEKOGP KU UJQYP KP (F 5GGIC +P XKGY QH VJG PWODGT QH V[RGU UVTWEM D[ #DDQV ,QJP YG OWUV CUUWOG C [GCTN[ FGOQPGVKUCVKQP YCU ECTTKGF VJTQWIJ KP *GTUHGNF HTQO YJGP C OCTMGV YCU GUVCDNKUJGF

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV QP VJTQPG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU HQWT RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG +1*#00'5 *'45('. $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 (NCP ETCEM CPF UOCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG #WEVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

244

HERSFELD

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG 5V 9KIDGTVWU N YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF CDDQV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM T +'*#0'%5 5 *'+50( '. $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 (NCP ETCEMU CPF EWVU QP VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ 'Z #WMVKQP %CJP PQ (F 5GGIC $WEJGPCW KP (F 5GGIC GNWEKFCVGU CU HQNNQYU Ō#DV ,QJCPP XQP *GTUHGNF YKTF CWH UGKPGP /ÒP\GP UVGVU DCTJ·WRVKI FCTIGUVGNNV WPF PKEJV KP XQNNGO 2QPVKHKMCNIGYCPFG UQPFGTP KP GKPGO OKV \YGK UGPMTGEJV CWHIGP·JVGP 5VTGKHGP CWTKHTKUKCG XGT\KGTVGP )GYCPFG FCU FGO FGT &KCMQPGP INGKEJVŌ #DDQV ,QJP QH *GTUHGNF KU RQTVTC[GF DCTG JGCFGF QP JKU EQKPU CPF PQV KP CP QTPCVG RQPVKHKECN XGUVOGPV DWV KP QPG CFQTPGF YKVJ VYQ XGTVKECNN[ UGYP QP DCPFU

CWTKHTKUKCG YJKEJ TGUGODNGU VJCV YQTP D[ FGCEQPU (F 5GGIC EQPVCKPGF VYQ URGEKOGPU QH VJKU V[RG

.7&9+) +

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU .8&'9 +%)8 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV UKVVKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU .8&'9 +%)8 $GTIGT EH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM QP VJG GFIG Ő# Ő 0 Ő 8 Ő 1 $GTIGT PQ NGIGPF 5NI # 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT /CIPKHKEGPV FCTM RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP 9JGTG PQTOCNN[ .8&'9 +%)8 ECP DG TGCF JGTG VJGTG CTG QPN[ KNNGIKDNG U[ODQNU 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI (F X .KEJVGPDGTI 5

245

HERSFELD

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV UVCPFKPI YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF ETQUKGT QP VJG GFIG 1 Ő 0 Ő 8 Ő # $GTIGT PQ NGIGPF 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QGEMG EQNNGEVKQP /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ (F 8QP .KEJVGPDGTI PQ

9'40'4 XQP 5%*9'+05$'4)

$TCMVGCV # #DDQV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT 5NI # 5NI $QPJQHH IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP +P 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU EQKP KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ *GPT[ +8 +P VJG -CV #NNGTVUGFGT VQ 9GTPGT QH 5EJYGKPU DGTI YKVJ TGHGTGPEG VQ VJG 5NI $QPJQHH (F 5EJNGWUKPIGP URGEKOGPU ECOG WR KP VJKU JQCTF 6JGTG KV YCU ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT *GTUHGNF HQNNQYGF D[ C SWGUVKQP OCTM VJG GNWEKFCVKQP CEEQTFKPI VQ *·XGTPKEM RTQXKFGU UWHHKEKGPV KPHQTOCVKQP VQ RNCEG KV KP *GTUHGNF 6JG NCTIG PWODGT NGCFU *·XGTPKEM &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JÒTKPIGP ,GPC $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 5EJNGWUKPIGP R VQ DGNKGXG VJCV KV YCU UVTWEM LWUV DGHQTG VJG JQCTF YCU DWTKGF K G LWUV DGHQTG 6JCV YQWNF EQTTQDQTCVG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 9GTPGT XQP 5EJYGKPUDGTI

*'+04+%* +++ XQP '46*#.

$TCMVGCV *GTTGPDTGKVWPIGP # $WUV QH VJG CDDQV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF NKU KP VTGHQKN WPFGT CTEJKVGE VWTCN HTCOG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CPF HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

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·XGTPKEM &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JÒTKPIGP ,GPC $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP /QUC /GTVGPU R

*'+04+%* 8 XQP $1+0'$74)

$TCMVGCV #TPUVCFV # 5GCVGF CDDQV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *Q JGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT /KPQT FQWDNG UVTWEM UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI .CPFGUOWUGWO -CUUGN 4KGEJOCPP PQ YJGTG KV YCU FCVGF VQ PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

246

HERSFELD - ESCHWEGE *'+04+%* 8+ XQP 59+041&'

$TCMVGCV #TPUVCFV # 5GCVGF CDDQV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 5 $10+(#%+85 $GTIGT 2QUGTP -NGVV 6H IT 44 %NGCPGF CPF UOCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ +P VJG VGZV CP 5 YKVJ C JQTK\QPVCN FCUJ CU KP VJG ECUG QH 5 %1.10+# # 2QUGTP -NGVV RTQXKFGU VJG UCOG EQKP WPFGT 6CH JQYGXGT YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU YKVJ C ETQUU QP VQR KPUVGCF QH C ETQUKGT CPF DQQM 2QUGTP -NGVV KP 6CH IKXGU C YJQNG UGTKGU CNN QH VJGO FGXQVGF VQ C UCKPV 5V 9KRGTVWU 5V 0KEJQNCU 5V #PFTGCU GVE +V CRRGCTU YG CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ C )GF·EJVPKUCWUICDG EQOOGOQTCVKXG KUUWG DWV YJCV EQWNF VJG QEECUKQP JCXG DGGP! 2QUGTP -NGVV CVVTKDWVGU VJKU UGTKGU VQ *GPT[ 8+ QH 5YKPTQFG

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ŉU C ITCPFFCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ QH 0QTFJGKO 6JGP ECOG #DDGUU )GTVTWF

)'4647&

$TCMVGCV 'UEJYGIG # 8GKNGF CDDGUU YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF DQQM UGCVGF QP YCNN DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU HGGV QP CTEJ YKVJ GFKHKEG KP KV #$$#6+55#)8 %486+0'54'0 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 9GNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP UNKIJVGN[ DGPV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV UJQWNF DG TGCF CU HQNNQYU #$$#6+55# )'46486 +0 ' 5-'09#)' 'UMGPYCIG YCU VJG QNF PCOG HQT 'UEJYGIG +P VJG (F 5GGIC VYQ URGEKOGPU QEEWTGF #RCTV HTQO VJCV KV KU HQWPF PQYJGTG GNUG 6JG URGEKOGP UJQYP KP <F5V (KI KU HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC 6JG VGZV JGTG GZCEVN[ OCVEJGU VJCV QH 5GGIC +V KU PQV KORQUUKDNG DQVJ CTG QHH VJG UCOG FKG +P VJG FGUETKRVKQP IKXGP KP (F 5GGIC $WEJGPCW EQOOGPVU VJCV VJG HKGNF UJQYU UOCNN CPKOCN NKMG ETGCVWTGU CPF VJCV VJGTG KU C 9 WPFGT VJG JCPF JQNFKPI VJG DQQM 6JKU 9 KU OQTG QH C FQWDNG FQV YKVJ C XGTVKECN NKPG QXGT KV YJKNG VJGTG KU PQY UKIP QH CHQTGUCKF CPKOCN NKMG ETGCVWTGU

247

THÜRINGEN

6*ª4+0)'0 +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG TGCNO QH VJG 6JWTKPIKCPU 6JWTKPIK GPEQORCUUGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ UVCTVKPI LWUV UQWVJ QH VJG 6JWTKPIKCP (QTGUV VQ YGNN PQTVJ QH VJG *CT\ /QWPVCKPU )GPGTCNN[ KV YCU VJG VGTTKVQT[ DGVYGGP VJG TKXGTU /CKP CPF 'NDG .KVVNG KU MPQYP CDQWV VJKU XGT[ KORQTVCPV TGCNO +V EQPPGEVGF VJG NCVGT FWEJKGU CPF KVU MKPIU YGTG TGNCVGF VQ VJG 1UVTQIQVJU VJG YKHG QH VJG 6JWTKPIKCP MKPI +TOKPHTKGF #OCNCDGTIC YCU C UKUVGT QH VJG 1UVTQIQVJ MKPI 6JGQFQJCF )TCFWCNN[ KVU UKIPKHKECPEG FGETGCUGF WPVKN HKPCNN[ KV YCU CP PGZGF D[ VJG (TCPMU 6JG[ CRRQKPVGF C FWMG KP 6JWTKPIKC QPG 4CFWNH CRRTQZ 6QYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JWTKPIKC UNKRRGF HTQO (TCPMKUJ UYC[ CPF ECOG WPFGT VJG KPHNWGPEG QH &WMG *GFGP YJQ TGUKFGF KP 9ÒT\DWTI #HVGT JKU XKQNGPV FGCVJ KP VJG (TCPMU OQXGF DCEM KP HQEWUUKPI VJGKT GHHQTVU QP QTICPKUKPI VJG VGTTKVQT[ GEENGUKCUVKECNN[ #HVGT &WMG *GFGP EGFGF JKU QHHKEG VQ 9KNNKDTQTF CV JKU ECUVNG KP 9ÒT\DWTI VJG RCVJ YCU ENGCT HQT #TPUVCFV VQ DGEQOG VJG OCKP EKV[ +P 9KNNKDTQTF EGFGF #TPUVCFV CPF JKU QVJGT RQUUGUUKQPU KP 6JWTKPIKC VQ JKU OQPCUVGT[ KP 'EJVGTPCEJ CPF QP VJKU QEECUKQP PQVGF VJCV ŋ*GT\QI *GFGP UEJGPMVG OKT UGKPGP ICP\GP #PVGKN RQTVKQ KO &QTHG

XKNNC #TPKUVCFK KO 6JÒTKPIICWŌ &WMG *GFGP ITCPVGF OG JKU GPVKTG RQTVKQP QH VJG XKNNCIG #TPKUVCFK KP 6JWTKPIKC +P $QPKHCEG TGEGKXGF VJG RGTOKUUKQP CPF UWRRQTV QH 2QRG <CEJCT[ CPF -KPI %CTNQOCP VQ HQWPF VJG FKQEGUG 'THWTV VJCV ECOG WPFGT VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ YKVJ HCT TGCEJKPI EQPUGSWGPEGU 'THWTV YCU PQY C TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG KP VJG [GCT C %QWPV 9GTPJGT FGETGGF CF 'THGUHWTV KP RCNCVKQ RWDNKEQ +P C EGTVCKP 6JCMWNH KU FQEWOGPVGF CU FWMG QH 6JWTKPIKC Ŏ *G YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ QPG 4CFWNH 6JG PQTVJGTP RCTV QH 6JWTKPIKC VJWU ECOG WPFGT VJG UYC[ QH VJG 5CZQPKCP 1VVQPKCPU CPF KVU UQWVJ WPFGT VJCV QH VJG $CDGPDGTIU %QWPV 2QRRQ ++ QWUVGF 4CFWNH CPF DGECOG FWMG QH 6JWTKPIKC JKOUGNH 6JG NCUV FWMG YCU $WTEJCTF Ŏ *KU UQPU YGTG GZRGNNGF D[ VJG 1VVQPKCPU 6JG [GCT OGCPV VJG GPF QH VJG &WEJ[ 6JWTKPIKC YJKEJ EQPUGSWGPVN[ UCPM KPVQ KPUKIPKHKECPEG HQT C VKOG VQ EQOG 6JGP XCTKQWU PQDNG HCOKNKGU TQUG VQ RQYGT KP 6JWTKPIKC VJQWIJ PGXGT NCUVKPI 6JG CEVKQPU D[ VJGUG HCOKNKGU D[ VJG MKPI D[ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH /CKP\ CPF D[ VJG CDDQVU QH (WNFC CPF *GTUHGNF TGPFGTGF TGGUVCDNKUJKPI C FWEJ[ KP 6JWTKPIKC KORQUUKDNG 6JG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ OCTMGF VJG GOGTIGPEG QH YJCV KU MPQYP CU ŋVJG [QWPIGT VTKDCN FWEJ[Ō YJKEJ ECP JQYGXGT PGKVJGT DG EQPUKFGTGF C FWEJ[ PQT CU RQUUGUUKPI KPFGRGPFGPV NGCFGTUJKR +P VJKU RGTKQF JKIJ PQDKNKV[ DGICP UVKTTKPI KVUGNH CU VJGTG YGTG VJG 'MMGJCTFKPGU WPFGT 'MMGJCTF QH /GKU UGP CPF VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT %QWPV 9KNNKCO +8 XQP 9GKOCT 6JG 'MMGJCTFKPGU YGTG QH CPEKGPV 6JWTKPIKCP CPEGUVT[ +P 'MMGJCTF + DGECOG OCTITCXG QH /GKU UGP /GTUGDWTI CPF <GKV\ *KU UQP YCU CNQPI YKVJ JKU YKHG 5WCPGJKNFG C UVCNYCTV QH VJG 5CZQPKCP TQ[CN JQWUG *KU OCKP TKXCN YCU 9KNNKCO ++ QH 9GKOCT 'MMGJCTF + UVCMGF C ENCKO VQ VJG YJQNG QH 6JWTKPIKC *G JCF JKOUGNH RTQENCKOGF FWMG QH 6JWTKPIKC D[ 6JWTKPIKCP PQDKNKV[ CPF KP WRQP VJG FGCVJ QH 1VVQ +++ GXGP ENCKOGF VJG TQ[CN ETQYP +P VJG UCOG [GCT 9KNNKCO ++ QH 9GKOCT YCU FGUKIPCVGF VJG OQUV RQYGTHWN OCP QH 6JWTKPIKC 1P VJG FGCVJU QH *GTOCPP Ŏ VJG QNFGUV UQP QH 'MMGJCTF + CPF *GTOCPPŉU [QWPIGT DTQVJGT 'MMGJCTF ++ Ŏ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·HGTPDWTI 6QPPC )NGKEJGP -NGVVGPDGTI $GKEJNKPIGP COQPI QVJGTU +P VJG 'CUV *CT\ VJG EQWPV[ /CPUHGNF GOGTIGF CPF KP VJG 5QWVJ *CT\ VJG EQWPV[ *QJPUVGKP 6QYCTFU VJG GCUV YG HKPF VJG 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC CPF %QWPV 9KRTGEJV QH )TQKV\UEJ YJQ CHVGT JKU HKTUV YKHGŉU FGCVJ KP OCTTKGF -WPKIWPFG QH $GKEJNKPIGP YJQ JGNF C TKEJ FQYT[

248

THÜRINGEN

$QTFGTU QH VJG QNF &WEJ[ 6JWTKPIKC .CPFITCXKCVG 6JÒTKPIGP *GPPGDGTI /ÒJNJCWUGP 'THWTV *QJPUVGKP /CPUHGNF 0QTFJCWUGP 3WGTHWTV 5EJYCT\DWTI -·HGTPDWTI 8CTIWNC .QDFGDWTI #TPUVGKP 1TNCOÒPFG 5VQNDGTI $GKEJNKPIGP #TQWPF VJKU VKOG VJG 9GVVKPU PCOGF CHVGT VJGKT HCOKN[ ECUVNG 9GVVKP QP VJG 5CCNG ICKPGF KPHNWGPEG +P C TGNCVKXG QH 'ORGTQT %QPTCF ++ %QWPV .QWKU VJG $GCTFGF JCF UGVVNGF KP VJG 6JWTKPIKCP (QTGUV CPF CESWKTGF HKGHU HTQO CTEJDKUJQR $CTFQ QH /CKP\ CPF HTQO VJG EQWPVU QH )NGKEJGP CPF -·HGTPDWTI *KU FQOKPKQP GPEQORCUUGF C VGTTKVQT[ VJCV YQWNF TGEGKXG VJG PCOG 6JWTKPIKC *G UGV WR C OQFGUV OCPQT KP #NVGPUDGTIGP CPF OQXGF VQ 5EJCWGPDWTI PGCT (TKGFTKEJUTQFC KP 6JKU .QWKU KU TGICTFGF CU VJG RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG 1VVQPKCPU UQOGVKOGU ECNNGF .KWFQNHKPIU .QWKU YCU YGFFGF VQ %GEKNKC QH 5CPIGTJCWUGP UGG CNUQ WPFGT #DDG[ 0QTFJCWUGP 6JGKT UQP $GTGPICT KU EQPUKFGTGF VQ DG VJG RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG EQWPVU QH +NHGNF *QJPUVGKP 6JGKT QVJGT UQP .QWKU VJG ,WORGT Ŏ OWTFGTGF %QWPV 2CNCVKPG (TGFGTKEM CPF OCTTKGF JKU YKHG #FGNJGKF C FCWIJVGT QH 7FQ QH 5VCFG YJQ JGNF RTQRGTV[ CTQWPF VJG TKXGT 7PUVTWV 6JKU DTQWIJV .QWKU KPVQ WRRGT PQDKNKV[ *G YCU VJG HQWPFGT QH 'KUGPCEJ CPF KP DWKNV VJG 9CTVDWTI %CUVNG PQTVJ QH 'KUGPCEJ YJKEJ DGECOG VJG PGY JQOG ECU VNG +P 'ORGTQT *GPT[ 8 DGUVQYGF VJG TQ[CN ECUVNG 'EMCTVUDGTIC WRQP JKO .QWKU VJG ,WORGTŉU TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ VJG MKPI YCU CNYC[U VGPUG CPF JCXKPI VJG EQWPVŉU DNQQF QP JKU JCPFU FKF PQV KORTQXG VJKPIU *G YCU KORTKUQPGF UGXGTCN VKOGU KP VJG KORGTKCN RTKUQP UGG CV #PPYGKNGT QH )KGDKEJGPUVGKP PGCT *CNNG COQPI QVJGT RNCEGU .GIGPF JCU KV VJCV JG GUECRGF HTQO VJG RTKUQP D[ LWORKPI KPVQ VJG TKXGT 5CCNG YJKEJ GCTPGF JKO JKU GRKVJGV ŋVJG ,WORGTŌ *G FKGF KP C OQPM KP VJG 4GKPJCTFUDTWPP OQPCUVGT[ YJKEJ JG DWKNV VQ UJQY RGPKVGPEG HQT VJG OWTFGT QH VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPG 6Q *GPT[ +8 EGPVTCN )GTOCP[ UECVVGTGF YCU C VJQTP KP JKU UKFG *G GPXKUKQPGF C OKIJV[ UVCVG FKTGEVN[ WPFGT JKU UYC[ 6JKU QH EQWTUG GXQMGF JGCX[ TGUKUVCPEG D[ PQDKNKV[ YJQ YGTG UWRRQTVGF D[ VJG RGCU CPVU 0QDKNKV[ CPF RGCUCPVU TCKUGF CP CTO[ CPF VJQWIJ VJG[ UWHHGTGF FGHGCV CICKPUV *GPT[ +8 KP VJG DCVVNG QH *QODWTI QP ,WPG VJG[ FKF PQV ECRKVWNCVG WPVKN 1EVQDGT YJGP OCP[ PQDNGU YGTG VCMGP ECRVKXG COQPI YJQO %QWPV $GTGPICT QH 5CPIGTJCWUGP HTQO VJG HCOKN[ QH VJG 1VVQPKCPU CPF C UQP QH .QWKU VJG $GCTFGF *GPT[ 8 JCF VJG UCOG KPVGPVKQPU CU *GPT[ +8 CPF JG VQQ JCF DGGP YKPPKPI HQT C RGTKQF CU HQT KPUVCPEG KP VJG $CVVNG CV 9CTPUV·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

THÜRINGEN 6Q CEJKGXG JKU IQCN .QVJCT WPFGTVQQM VYQ CRRQKPVOGPVU *G EGFGF VJG OCTM /GKUUGP VQ %QPTCF QH 9GVVKP KP CPF HQWPFGF VJG .CPFITCXKCVG 6JWTKPIKC KP 6JGUG VYQ PGCTN[ UKOWNVCPGQWU CRRQKPVOGPVU HQTOGF VJG RTGNWFG VQ VJG WPKQP QH /GKUUGP CPF 6JWTKPIKC YJKEJ YQWNF DGEQOG HKPCN KP 6JG FKIPKV[ QH NCPFITCXG YCU RTGXKQWUN[ PQP GZKUVGPV +V YCU C PGY TCPM CDQXG VJCV QH C EQWPV GSWCN VQ C FWMG DWV NCEMKPI VJG CEVWCN FWECN VKVNG 6JG NCPFITCXG JCF VQ CPUYGT QPN[ VQ VJG MKPI CPF EQPUVKVWVGF VJG JKIJGUV LWFKEKCN CWVJQTKV[ VQ YJQO EQWPVU CPF QVJGTU YGTG UWDLGEV *GTOCPP ++ QH 9KP\GPDWTI YCU RTGFGUVKPGF HQT VJKU QHHKEG JQYGXGT CU JG JCF %QWPV $WTEJCTF QH .QM MWO CUUCUUKPCVGF KP JG YCU RCUUGF .#0&)4#8+#6' QH 6*ª4+0)'0 #HVGT JCXKPI HQWPFGF VJG NCPFITCXKCVG 6JWTKPIKC KP .QVJCT +++ KP EGFGF KV CU C JGTGFKVCT[ KORGTKCN HKGH VQ VJG UQP QH .QWKU VJG ,WORGT .QWKU + OCMKPI JKO VJG HKTUV NCPFITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC .QWKU + YGFFGF *GFYKI QH )WFGPUDGTI JGKTGUU QH *GUUG YJKEJ ICXG JKO C HQQVJQNF KP *GUUG HTQO UGG WPFGT *GUUG 6JG 1VVQPKCPU YGTG XGT[ ENQUGN[ TGNCVGF VQ VJG *QJGPUVCWHGPU CPF KP .QWKU RWDNKEN[ VQQM VJG UKFG QH VJG *QJGPUVCWHGPU CPF UQ JKU UQP .QWKU ++ YCU HTGG VQ OCTT[ ,WVVC (TG FGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU JCNH UKUVGT 0Q EQKPU CTG MPQYP QH .QWKU +

7PFGT VJG .WFQYKPIKCPU 1VVQPKCPU .7&9+) ++ .QWKU ++ YCU C UQP QH .QWKU + CPF OCTTKGF VQ ,WVVC VJG JCNH UKUVGT QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC +P VJG HQTOGT HQWIJV *GPT[ VJG .KQP YJQUG RQUUGUUKQPU UVTGVEJGF KPVQ 6JWTKPIKC *G YCU C EJCORKQP HQT VJG RQQT CPF YGCM CPF QRRQUGF PQDKNKV[ YJKEJ ICKPGF JKO VJG PCOG ŋVJG +TQPŌ .QWKU ++ GUVCDNKUJGF C OKPV KP 'KUGPCEJ CPF NCVGT CPQVJGT QPG KP )QVJC 6JG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG YCU RTGUWOCDN[ KPVTQFWEGF D[ .CPFITCXG .QWKU ++ QH 6JWTKPIKC CTQWPF VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV YQWNF EQPUVKVWVG VJG UVCPFCTF HQT C NQPI VKOG VQ EQOG

250

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU QP VQR QH VJG VQYGTU VYQ HKIWTGU UJQQVKPI YKVJ CTTQYU HKXG CPPWNGVU CPF QPG UVCT KP HKGNF 9GKIJV QH VJG CHHKZGF EQKP IT 'FIG DTGCM DQPFGF QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

THÜRINGEN 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP *GNDKPI PQ 'Z (TKGFGPUDWTI EQNNGEVKQP %CJP PQ CPF PQ JCNXGF 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP PQ 'Z (F X <KGIGPTÒEM 6JKU RKGEG KU UJQYP KP VJG *QCTF )QVJC DWV FKF PQV CEVWCNN[ EQOG WR KP VJKU JQCTF +V KU HTQO VJG JQCTF <KGIGPTÒEM *·XGTPKEM /KVVGNCNVGTNKEJG /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JWTKPIKC R *QCTF <KGIGPTÒEM FKUEQXGTGF KP KO &TGDGPVJCN DWTKGF CTQWPF (QT VJKU JQCTF UGG $N·VVGT H /Ò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

.QWKU +++ UQP QH .QWKU ++ *G CU JKU HCVJGT FKF DGHQTG JKO GPVGTGF KPVQ EQPHNKEV YKVJ *GPT[ VJG .KQP +P VJG )GNPJCWUGT FGETGG QH JG DTQMG CNN VKGU YKVJ *GPT[ VJG .KQP CPF YCU ITCPVGF VJG RCNCVKPCVG KP HKGH *G HKTON[ GUVCDNKUJGF VJG NCPFITCXKCVG OCMKPI IQQF WUG QH VJG HCNN QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP 6QIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGT *GTOCPP + JG UGV CDQWV GZRCPFKPI 6JWTKPIKC 6JTQWIJ JKU GKIJV EJKNFTGP JG YCU CDNG VQ YGCXG C YGD QH RQNKVKECN VKGU HTQO *QNUVGKP VQ *WPICT[ +P JG YGPV QP C ETWUCFG CPF FKGF QP VJG YC[ DCEM

*'4/#00 + *GTOCPP + YCU VJG DTQVJGT QH .QWKU +++ CPF UVQQF KP JKU UJCFQY $QVJ YGTG FGXQVGGU VQ (TGFGTKEM $CT DCTQUUC *G YCU JGNF KORTKUQPGF HQT [GCT D[ *GPT[ VJG .KQP 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH .QWKU +++ KP *GTOCPP DGECOG NCPFITCXG *KU NQ[CNV[ UYGTXGF DGVYGGP VJG 9GNHU CPF VJG *QJGPUVCWHGPU FGRGPFKPI QP VJG EKTEWOUVCPEGU 6JKU YCU VJG *GTOCPP YJQ UGV VJG 9CTVDWTI %CUVNGŉU PCOG CU C EGPVTG QH RQGVT[ VGORQTCTKN[ JQOG VQ 9CNVJGT XQP FGT 8QIGNYGKFG COQPI QVJGTU 6JG DTCEVGCVGU QH *GTOCPP + CPF JKU DTQVJGT CPF UWEEGUUQT .QWKU +8 FGVGTKQTCVGF 6JG NGIGPFU DGECOG KNNGIKDNG 6JG EQPKECN JGNOGV KU TGRNCEGF D[ C ITGCV JGNOGV 6JG JGNOGVU FGXGNQR VYQ UVTCRU 6JG CTOU YKVJ VJG NKQP CTG VJG NCPFITCXGŉU CP GCING HGCVWTGF KP VJG CTOU QH VJG RCNCVKPCVG 5CZQP[ KP JGTKVGF D[ *GTOCP (TQO VQ *GTOCP + YCU EQWPV RCNCVKPG GCING UJKGNF HTQO NCPF ITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC NKQP UJKGNF

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV T YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF QXGT GFKHKEG *.80+#)0 Ő #0'86#0)9'50 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 6TCEGU QH C DTGCM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP 5NI $WEJGPCW %CJP VJG VGZVU DGKPI VJG UCOG CPF VJG EQNN $WEJGPCW EQPVCKPKPI C NQV QH URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC CNN RQKPV VQYCTFU VJG JQCTF 5GGIC HQT VJG QTKIKPU QH VJKU EQKP +P JQCTF 5GGIC $WEJGPCW IKXGU TQWIJN[ VJG UCOG VGZV 6JKU ECPPQV DWV DG KPVGTRTGVGF CU KPFKECVKPI VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC $WEJGPCW VGTOU VJKU ŋ,ÒPIGTG 'KUGPCEJGTITWRRG WO Ō 6JG UOCNN JGCF KU CP CTE YKVJ VJTGG XGTVKECN NKPGU

251

THÜRINGEN

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF QXGT GFKHKEG +Λ1+ +% Ő Λ+6'+ Ő +1+%++ $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC IT $TQCF CPF HCWNVNGUU HNCP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5VWVVICTV 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP %QNN $WEJGPCW %CJP VJG VGZVU DGKPI TKIJV CPF VJG EQNN $WEJGPCW EQPVCKPKPI C NQV QH URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC CNN RQKPV VQYCTFU VJG *QCTF 5GGIC HQT VJG QTKIKPU QH VJKU EQKP +P JQCTF 5GGIC FGUETKDGF CU ŋ[QWPIGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH C NCPFITCXGN[ UVTKMG YKVJ DNWPFGTGF NGIGPFU )TQWR 'KUGPCEJ )QVJC CTQWPF Ō 5OCNN FKG QP C NCTIG HNCP

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF EJWTEJ DGJKPF JKO HQWT RGN NGVU KP HKGNF CPF QP VJG GFIG 0%0%++ 050%0%++%0 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC IT 44 /KPQT HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF GFKHKEG DGJKPF JKO Ő Ő Ő Ő QP VJG GFIG %++ %++%++%++ %++ $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNGEVKQP 1PN[ VJTGG URGEKOGPU YGTG HQWPF KP VJG JQCTF 5GGIC +P JQCTF 5GGIC FGUETKDGF CU ŋ[QWPIGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH C NCPFITCXGN[ UVTKMG YKVJ DNWPFGTGF NGIGPFU )TQWR 'KUGPCEJ )QVJC CTQWPF Ō %QNN $WEJGPCW %CJP VJG VGZVU DGKPI TKIJV CPF VJG EQNN $WEJGPCW EQPVCKPKPI C NQV QH URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC CNN RQKPV VQYCTFU VJG JQCTF 5GGIC HQT VJG QTKIKPU QH VJKU EQKP

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP +P JQCTF 5GGIC URGEKOGPU +P JQCTF 5GGIC FGUETKDGF CU ŋ[QWPIGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH C NCPFITCXGN[ UVTKMG YKVJ DNWPFGTGF NGIGPFU )TQWR 'KUGPCEJ ņ )QVJC CTQWPF Ō %QNN $WEJGPCW %CJP VJG VGZVU DGKPI TKIJV CPF VJG EQNN $WEJGPCW EQPVCKPKPI C NQV QH URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC CNN RQKPV VQYCTFU VJG JQCTF 5GGIC HQT VJG QTKIKPU QH VJKU EQKP

252

THÜRINGEN

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF GFKHKEG DGJKPF JKO Ő Ő Ő Ő QP VJG GFIG %++ %++%++%++ %++ $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT *CNXGF URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ JCNH URGEKOGPU ECOG WR KP VJG JQCTF 5GGIC KV YQWNF PQV DG CNVQIGVJGT KORQUUKDNG VJCV VJKU KU CNUQ HTQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF GCINGUJKGNF QXGT YCNN YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU USWCTG YKVJ HQWT NKU DGJKPF JKO 801'Λ085'&0180'4#0.5Λ#'0' $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 +TTGIWNCT GFIG VTCEGU QH C DTGCM QVJGTYKUG GZVTCQTFKPCT[ HKPG FTCYKPI GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ +P XKGY QH VJG GCING UJKGNF VJKU EQKP ECPPQV DWV KPFKECVG *GTOCP CU EQWPV RCNCVKPG QH 5CZQP[ *QCTF 5GGIC WPFGVGTOKPGF JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG YKVJ GCING UJKGNF 6JKU EQKP YCU ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT *GTOCP CU EQWPV RCNCVKPG QH 5CZQP[ DQVJ KP VJG JQCTF 0QTFJCWUGP CPF KP %QNN .ÌDDGMG JQCTF 'THWTV 6JWTKPIKCP .CPFITCXG *GTOCP + OKPV 'KUGPCEJ 6JG 'THWTV EQKP VJGTG CTG UGXGTCN URGEKOGPU KP 'THWTV YKVJ OKPQT FKHHGTGPEGU UJQYU VJG UCOG VGZV GZEGRV HQT C UOCNN FKHHGTGPEG KP VJG OKFFNG 'THWTV 51& VJG EQKP KP JCPF 5'& *ÌJPŉU ECVCNQIWG ENCUUKHKGF VJKU EQKP WPFGT $GKEJNKPIGP (TGFGTKEM ++ + RWV KV WPFGT 6JWTKPIKC KP XKGY QH VJG TGEGPV RWDNKECVKQP QH VJG JQCTF 'THWTV +P JKU ŋ6JWTKPIKCP $TCEVGCVGUŌ 5VGIWYGKV WPFGT PQ UJQYU C JQTUGDCEM .CPFITCXG *GTOCPP + VQ NGHV 6JG CTEJK VGEVWTG CV VJG DQVVQO KU VJG UCOG CU QP VJKU EQKP [GV VJG NCPFITCXG JCU C NKQP UJKGNF JGTG #DQXG VJG JQTUG CP GFK HKEG 5GG JQCTF 5GGIC 5GG HQT C UKOKNCT EQKP DWV YKVJ C NKN[ UJKGNF QT C URNKV UVCHH WPFGT /ÒJNJCWUGP PQ

253

THÜRINGEN *145'5 6JG KORQTVCPV RNCEGU QH VJG 6JWTKPIK YGTG UKVWCVGF KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ CTQWPF VJG 5CCNG CPF VJG 7PUVTWV *GTG PQDNG RGTUQPU YGTG CNYC[U DWTKGF VQIGVJGT YKVJ UQOG JQTUGU +V VJGTGHQTG EQOGU CU PQ UWTRTKUG VJCV YG UJQWNF GPEQWPVGT VJG OCIPKHKEGPV JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU KP 6JWTKPIKC CPF KP VJG TGIKQP CTQWPF VJG TKXGTU 5CCNG CPF 7PUVTWV KP RCTVKEWNCT # JQTUG KU PQV GCUKN[ TGPFGTGF PGXGTVJGNGUU JQTUGU JCXG CNYC[U DGGP RQTVTC[GF VJTQWIJ VJG CIGU 6Q O[ OKPF QPG OC[ FKUVKPIWKUJ VYQ UV[NGU VJG UVCVKE CPF VJG F[PCOKE 6JG UVCVKE HQTO KU GURGEKCNN[ WUGF KP CPEKGPV CPF GCTN[ OGFKGXCN UVCVWGU CU VJCV QH /CTEWU #WTGNKWU QP VJG 2KC\\C FGN %CORKFQINKQ KP 4QO CDQWV # & %QR[ QH VJG QTKIKPCN YJKEJ KU HQWPF KP VJG OWUGWO PGCTD[ QT VJCV QH %JCTNGOCIPG VJ EGPVWT[ /WU¾G FW .QWXTG 2CTKU 6JG VTCPUKVKQP HTQO UVCVKE VQ F[PCOKE KU CRVN[ UJQYP KP VJG $C[GWZ 6CRGUVT[ 6JG HQNNQYKPI 6JWTKPIKCP UVQPG HTQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ UJQYU C RKEVWTG QH C (TCPMKUJ JQTUGOCP QP VJG UVQPG QH *QTPJCWUGP PGCT 1UEJGTUNGDGP +V KU FKUVKPEVN[ UVCVKE KP EJCTCEVGT 6JG 6JWTKPIKCP *QTUGOCP $TCEVGCVGU CNUQ UJQY VJGUG VYQ HQTOU VJG GORGTQT QP JQTUGDCEM HTQO /ÒJNJCWUGP /WNJQWUG KU UVCVKE KP EJCTCEVGT YJGTGCU VJG DTCEVGCVG QH .QWKU ++ QH 6JWTKPIKC KU ENGCTN[ OQTG F[PCOKE 254

THÜRINGEN

6JGUG VYQ V[RGU ECP UCHGN[ DG EQPUKFGTGF VJG QNFGUV *QTUGOCP $TCEVGCVGU 6YQ VJKPIU ECVEJ VJG G[G VJG /WNJQWUG EQKP UJQYU C NKHVGF TKIJV HQTG NGI DWV C NGHV HQTG NGI UVCPFKPI UVTCKIJV DQVJ JKPF NGIU HWNN[ DGPV QP .QWKUŉ EQKP VJG TKIJV HQTG NGI KU UJCTRN[ DGPV VJG NGHV HQTG NGI UVCPFKPI HQTYCTF DQVJ JKPF NGIU UVCPFKPI UVTCKIJV QP VJG ITQWPF DQVJ JKPF NQYGT NGIU CV C UVTCKIJV CPING VQ VJG ITQWPF VJQWIJ DQVJ CTG DGPV KP VJG OKFFNG +P VJG ECUG QH VJG 6JWTKPIKCP DTCEVGCVG VJG JWOCP HKIWTG KU OWEJ VQQ NCTIG EQORCTGF VQ VJG JQTUG VJG /WNJQWUG V[RG KU DGVVGT RTQRQTVKQPGF KP VJKU TGURGEV CNVJQWIJ VJG GORGTQTŉU JGCF UVKNN KU CU NCTIG CU VJG JQTUGŉU 5WDUGSWGPV FGRKEVKQPU QH JQTUGU UJQY C VTGPF VQYCTFU OQTG TGCNKUVKE RTQRQTVKQPU 6JG JKPF NGIU QH VJG JQTUG CTG DGPV KP VJG OCPPGT QH VJG /WNJQWUG URGEKOGP 6JKU RQUVWTG JQYGXGT WPWUWCN GZEGRV YJGP TGCTKPI KU EQOOQPN[ UGGP KP EQKPU 6JG HKTUV QEEWTGPEG QH VJKU RQUKVKQP QH VJG JKPF NGIU KU QP C EQKP UJQYKPI 2GICUWU YJKEJ YQWNF VJGP DG KOKVCVGF QP NCVGT )TGGM EQKPU FGRKEVKPI JQTUGU 6JG JKPF NGIU QP JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU CTG KPXCTKCDN[ UJQYP CU QP VJG 2GICUWU URGEKOGP 1P VJGUG EQKPU VJG JQTUGU CTG IGPGTCNN[ UVCVKE KP PCVWTG 6JG HKTUV JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG VJCV QH .QWKU ++

PQ KU VJG QPN[ F[PCOKE RQTVTC[CN TGCNN[ 6JG JKPF NGIU CU RKEVWTGF CDQXG ECPPQV DG UGGP QP QPG QH VJG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH .WVGIGT UGG PQ QH VJG UWOOCT[ CPF PQ KP VJKU ECVCNQIWG +V UJQYU VJG PCVWTCN UVCPEG #RRCTGPVN[ .WVGIGT UVWFKGF JQTUGU CPF FKF PQV LWUV EQR[ UQOGVJKPI $QVJ PGZV DTCEVGCVGU CTG HTQO -CUUGN 6JG JKUVQT[ QH -CUUGN UVCTVU YKVJ -WPKIWPFG VJG YKHG QH *GPT[ ++ YJQ TGEGKXGF VJG TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG KP -CUUGN KP +P KVU XKEKPKV[ UJG HQWPFGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ -CWHWPIGP KP YJGTG UJG TGVTGCVGF CHVGT JCXKPI EGFGF VJG KORGTKCN KPUKIPKC VQ %QPTCF ++ 6QYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU ECOG HTQO 6JWTKPIKC VQ *GUUG YJGTG VJG[ YGTG UVTWEM WR VQ VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG[ CTG UOCNNGT CPF VJKEMGT VJCP VJGKT 6JWTKPIKCP EQWPVGTRCTVU CPF VJGTGHQTG NGUU HTCIKNG +H VJG UJKGNF UJQYU C NKQP CVVTKDWVKQP VQ C 6JWTKPIKCP NCPFITCXG KU EGTVCKP 6JG[ CTG CNYC[U YKVJQWV NGIGPF QPN[ VJG GFIG UQOGVKOGU UJQYU UQOG NGVVGTU 6JG OCTM CDQXG VJG JQTUG KPFKECVGU YJKEJ TGURGEVKXG KUUWG VJG EQKP DGNQPIU VQ 255

THÜRINGEN .7&9+) +8 .QWKU +8 YCU VJG UQP QH *GTOCP + CPF OCTTKGF VQ 'NKUCDGVJ QH *WPICT[ *G YCU FTCIIGF KPVQ FKURWVG YKVJ VJG 9GVVKPU *KU FCWIJVGT 5QRJKG OCPCIGF VQ TGVCKP RQYGT HQT JGT UQP *GPT[ KP *GUUG UGG WPFGT *GUUG

$TCMVGCV -CUUGN # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF NKQPŉU JGCF KP HTQPV CPF YCNN YKVJ VQYGT DGJKPF JKO + # 4 5 $GTIGT IT 4 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CPF GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *CWEM #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG *QCTF 9CTVGPDCEJ PQ &V ,CJTDWEJ PQ 6JG *QCTF 9CTVGPDCEJ EQPUKUVGF QH RKGEGU 6JKU JQCTF UCY VJG HKTUV KPUVCPEG QH VJKU V[RG 6JG NKQPŉU JGCF UJQYU ENQUGUV TGUGODNCPEG VQ VJG *GUUKCP NKQP #VVTKDWVKQP VQ QPG RCTVKEWNCT OKPV KU FKHHKEWNV 1JN[ OGPVKQPU /GNUWPIGP CPF #NNGPFQTH 6JG OGCPKPI QH VJG NGVVGTU KU WPMPQYP GXGP VJG RQUUKDKNKVKGU NKUVGF D[ $WEJGPCW *QCTF 0KGFGTMCWHWPIGP RCIG RTQXKFG PQ NGCFU 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV .QWKU +8 YCU VJG WPENG QH *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU QH /GKUUGP %H HQT JQCTF 9CTVGPDCEJ CNUQ PQ

*'4/#00 ++ *GKPTKEJ 4CURG YCU VJG [QWPIGT DTQVJGT QH .QWKU +8 CPF YJGP VJG NCVVGT FKGF KP *GKPTKEJ 4CURG DGECOG VJG IWCTFKCP QH JKU OKPQT EQWUKP *GTOCPP ++

256

$TCMVGCV -CUUGN # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF JWPVKPI JQTP T KP JCPF QP VJG GFIG Ő % Ő ' Ő 5 Ő 8 5NI $QPJQHH IT 44 /CIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

THÜRINGEN /ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QGEMG EQNNGEVKQP /ÒP\\GPVTWO #WEVKQP PQ 5GG *QCTF 0KGFGTMCWHWPIGP (KI K O Q VJG PWODGTKPI KU QHH CPF (KI YKVJQWV NGVVGTU * $WEJGPCW &GT $TCEVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0KGFGTMCWHWPIGP DGK -CUUGN $N H /ÒP\HTGWPFG CPF +V UGGOU PQV CNVQIGVJGT KORQUUKDNG VJCV VJKU URGEKOGP UVGOU HTQO VJG 0KGFGTMCWHWPIGP JQCTF KP XKGY QH KVU QTKIKPU KP VJG %QNN *QGEMG 6JG NKQPŉU UJKGNF KPFKECVGU VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC 6JG JQCTF QH 0KGFGTMCWHWPIGP YCU HQWPF KP KV EQP VCKPGF GPVKTG DTCEVGCVGU CPF C NCTIG PWODGT QH JCNXGU QH YJKEJ JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH YJKEJ KP VWTP DGCTKPI VJG NKQPŉU UJKGNF CPF RQTVTC[KPI RGTUQPU +P JKU CTVKENG QP VJG JQCTF $WEJGPCW RTQXKFGU CP GZRNCPCVKQP QH VJG NGVVGTU % ' 5 8 #EEQTFKPI VQ JKO VJG[ JCXG VJG HQNNQYKPI OGCPKPI %QOOWPKU 'ZCOKPCVWU 5KPEGTWU 8CNGPU 9·JTWPIUOÒP\G IGRTÒHV NCWVGT IÒNVKI ŋ&CU %QOOWPKU HKPFGV UKEJ IGPCW INGKEJ\GKVKI OKV WPUGTGP (WPFOÒP\GP KP FGO 'FKMV -CKUGT (TKGFTKEJ ++ XQP KP MGKPGT 5VCFV YQ /ÒP\GP IGUEJNCIGP YGTFGP UQNNGP 9CTGP CPFGTU CNU OKV FGP 2HGPPKIGP IGMCWHV YGTFGP FKG FKG I·PIKIG 9·JTWPI FGT DGVTGHHGPFGP 5VCFV DKNFGPŋ %QOOWPKU 'ZCOKPCVWU 5KPEGTWU 8CNGPU EWTTGPE[ GZCOKPGF IGPWKPG XCNKF 6JG %QOOWPKU ECP DG VTCEGF VQ CP GFKEV EQPVGORQTCT[ VQ QWT JQCTF EQKP D[ 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM ++ FCVGF ňKP PQ EKV[ YJGTG EQKP KU UVTWEM UJCNN IQQFU DG RWTEJCUGF QVJGT VJCP YKVJ VJG RHGPPKIG VJCV EQPUVKVWVG VJG CEVWCN EWTTGPE[ QH VJG EKV[ KP SWGUVKQPŉ UGG R

#HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH *GTOCPP ++ KP *GPT[ 4CURG DGECOG NCPFITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC +P KP 8GKVU JÌEJJGKO JG YCU GNGEVGF MKPI D[ VJG 4JGKPKCP CTEJDKUJQRU CPF UQOG QVJGT GNGEVQTU JQYGXGT NCEMKPI VJG CRRTQXCN QH VJG UGEWNCT UQXGTGKIPU *GPT[ 4CURG OCTTKGF VJTGG VKOGU DWV TGOCKPGF YKVJQWV KUUWG 9JGP KP JG FKGF CV VJG 9CTVDWTI %CUVNG VJG 1VVQPKCP NKPG FKGF YKVJ JKO CPF JGPEG VJG EQXGPCPV QH (TGFGTKEM ++ VQ *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU QH /GKUUGP D[ YJKEJ VJG NCVVGT YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV VQ UWEEGGF KP 6JWTKPIKC GPVGTGF KPVQ GHHGEV 7PFGT VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP *QYGXGT *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU NGHV 6JWTKPIKC VQ JKU UQP #NDGTV VJG &GIGPGTCVG 6JG NCVVGT OKPVGF KP 'KUGPCEJ CPF )QVJC CU YGNN CU KP /WNJQWUG CU VJG QYPGT QH VJG NKGP (QT VJKU UGG WPFGT /WNJQWUG PQ

#.$4'%*6 FGT 70#46+)' CNUQ FGT '06#46'6' FGT #75)'#46'6'

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ UJKGNF CPF HNCI VGTOKPCVKPI KP ETQUU TQUGVVG CPF ' DGJKPF JKO QP VJG GFIG 8 Ő 8 Ő 8 Ő 8 Ő 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 4 'FIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP *QCTF 5EJNGWUKPIGP URGEKOGPU 6JG FGUETKRVKQP QH VJKU JQCTF *·XGTPKEM &KG /KVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JWTKPIKC ,GPC (WPF XQP 5EJNGWUKPIGP R RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP ō&KG OGTMYÒTFKIGP $GK\GKEJGP ō4GKEJUCRHGNŋ WPF ō'ŋ UKPF PWT WPXGTUVCPFGPG WPF OKUUFGWVGVG 4GUVG FGT CWH ·NVGTGP 4GKVGTDTCMVGCVGP ÒDNKEJGP <GKEJPWPI FGU $CPPGTVWEJGU FCU XQT WPF JKPVGT FGO -QRH FGU 4GKVGTU UKEJVDCT YCT &KGUG 'PVUVGNNWPI GKPGU PKEJV IGTCFG IGUEJKEMVGP 5VGORGNUEJPGKFGTU N·UUV YQJN CP GKPG 'PVUVGJWPI KP GKPGT PCEJRT·IGPFGP F[PCUVKUEJGP *GEMGPOÒP\G FGPMGP 'DGPUQ DGIGIPGV FGT OGTMYÒTFKIG ŉ-WIGNDCWOŉ CNU $GK\GKEJGP UEJQP CWH GKPGO $TCMVGCVGP FGU (F 'HHGNFGT FGP $WEJGPCW OKV 8QTDGJCNV CP FKG )TCHGP XQP )NGKEJGP XGTYKGUGP JCV $N H /ÒP\HT 5R WPF 6H ,GFQEJ Y·TG FCPP FCU UVCTMG 8QTMQOOGP KO (F 5EJNGWUKPIGP CWHH·NNKI FGPP FKGU URTKEJV FQEJ HÒT GKPG DGFGWVGPFG /ÒP\UV·VVG CNUQ YQJN FGT .CPFITCHGP XQP 6JÒTKPIGPŋ R

6JG RGEWNKCT U[ODQNU ŋ4GKEJUCRHGNŌ CPF ŋ'Ō CTG OGTGN[ WPWPFGTUVQQF CPF OKUKPVGTRTGVGF TGOCKPU QH VJG KOCIG QH C DCPPGT ENQVJ XKUKDNG KP HTQPV QH VJG JQTUGOCPŉU JGCF CPF DGJKPF KV CU YCU WUWCN QP QNFGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU 6JKU OKUTGRTGUGPVCVKQP D[ C PQV GZCEVN[ UMKNNHWN FKG EWVVGT IKXGU TKUG VQ VJG CUUWORVKQP QH VJG EQKP KP JCPF DGKPI CP KOKVC VKQP OCPWHCEVWTGF KP C F[PCUVKE KNNGICN OKPV 6JG ňVTGG QH INQDGUŉ U[ODQN QP C DTCEVGCVG HTQO VJG *QCTF 'HHGNFGT KU LWUV CU UVTKMKPI KP KVU UKPIWNCTKV[ $WEJGPCW CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ VJG EQWPVU QH )NGKEJGP DG KV YKVJ TGUGTXCVKQP

$N H /ÒP\HT 5R CPF 6H 6JKU JQYGXGT TGPFGTU VJG NCTIG QEEWTGPEG KP VJG *QCTF 5EJNGWU KPIGP EQPURKEWQWU HQT VJCV UWRRQTVU CP CVVTKDWVKQP VQ C OKPV QH UKIPKHKECPEG KP VJKU ECUG VQ VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC R

257

THÜRINGEN

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF NKQPUJKGNF VQYGT DGJKPF JKO QP VJG GFIG 0 JGCF 0 JGCF JGCFU NQQMKPI CV GCEJQVJGT $GTIGT XCT 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT +TTGIWNCT RCVKPC GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG *QCTF 1JTFTWH ++ *·XGTPKEM &KG /KVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JWTKPIKC ,GPC *·XGTPKEM 5WJNG (WPF XQP 1JTFTWH -T )QVJC ++ R +P *QCTF 1JTFTWH EJCTCEVGTKUGF CU -QRH )TWRRG OKPV 'KUGPCEJ! 6JKU YCU C UOCNN ITQWR URGEKOGPU QH VJKU V[RG UQ KV KU UCHG VQ CUUWOG KV FCVGU HTQO VJG NCUV [GCTU RTKQT VQ VJG JQCTFŉU DWT[KPI 6JG OKPV DGKPI 'KUGPCEJ KU XKTVWCNN[ EGTVCKP CU UGXGTCN MPQYP 'KUGPCEJ DTCEVGCVGU HGCVWTG VJG UOCNN JGCFU QP VJG GFIG

$TCMVGCV 'KUGPCEJ # %QWPV CPF EQWPVGUU UKVVKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG VQYGT DGVYGGP VJGO VYQ HKIWTGU CPF VYQ NKU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP (F 1JTFTWH ++ GZ ŋ8GTYQTP FGWVGVG FCU /ÒP\DKNF FKGUGT )TWRRG CNU 'TKPPGTWPI CP FKG IGHGKGTVG *QEJ\GKV .CPFITCH #NDTGEJVU FGU 'PVCTVGVGP OKV 'NKUCDGVJ XQP .QDFGDWTI #TPUJCWIM &KGUG &GWVWPI KUV DGUVGEJGPF WPF UVGJV OKV FGT (WPFFCVKGTWPI FGT 5VÒEMG PKEJV KO 9KGFGTURTWEJ #WHH·NNKI KUV FCU OCP FKG 2T·IWPI OKV FKGUGO $KNF PQEJ GKPKIG ,CJTG HQTVUGV\VG Ō 6JG UOCNN JGCFU QP VJG GFIG QH PQ CPF VJG WRTKIJV HKIWTGU QP VJG GFIG QH VJKU EQKP ECPPQV DG GZRNCKPGF CTG VJG[ LWUV QTPCOGPVCN QT UQOGVJKPI GNUG! 6JG[ FQ UJQY ITGCV TGUGODNCPEG

$TCMVGCV )QVJC # /QWPVGF EQWPV N # YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR DGJKPF JKO QP VJG GFIG ) 1 6 # 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP (F 1JTFTWH ++ GZ

9G JCXG NKUVGF VJG EQKPU QH VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT 1TNCOÒPFG CPF VJQUG QH $GKEJNKPIGP FKTGEVN[ CHVGT VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC DGECWUG VJG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU UVTWEM KP VJGUG EQWPVKGU CTG ENGCTN[ TGNCVGF VQ VJQUG QH VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC 258

WEIMAR - ORLAMÜNDE

%17065 QH 9'+/#4 14.#/ª0&' 1TNCOÒPFG KU C ECUVNG QP VJG NGHV DCPM QH VJG 5CCNG TKXGT 6JKU VGTTKVQT[ YCU RCTV QH VJG FQOKPKQP QH VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P 9KNNKCO + YCU FQEWOGPVGF CU EQWPV QH 9GKOCT 1TNCOÒPFG 9KNNKCO ++ YCU C ITGCV TKXCN QH 'MMGJCTF + QH /GKUUGP 9JGP VJG 'MMGJCTFKPGU NKPG GPFGF VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT YGTG VJG OQUV RQYGTHWN F[PCUV[ KP 6JWTKPIKC #HVGT VJG *QWUG 9GKOCT DGECOG GZVKPEV KP C PGY F[PCUV[ GOGTIGF HTQO VJG #UECPKCP *QWUG KVU PCOG 1TNCOÒPFG 6JG[ YGTG QPEG CICKP VJG OQUV RQYGTHWN NQTFU QH 6JWTKPIKC #HVGT VJG VGTTKVQT[ JCF HCNNGP VQ VJG GORKTG -KPI %QPTCF +++ CRRQKPVGF C XKUEQWPV QH 1TNCOÒPFG HQT VJKU VGTTKVQT[ YJQ JQYGXGT YCU VQVCNN[ KPUKIPKHKECPV CU VJG EQWPVKGU QH 9GKOCT CPF 1TNCOÒPFG YGTG KP ITCPVGF KP HKGH VQ #NDGTV VJG $GCT VJG NCUV %QWPV 9KNNKCO EQWPV RCNCVKPG PGCT 4JGKP JCF FKGF EJKNFNGUU KP *KU RTQIGP[ COCUUGF RTQRGTVKGU DGVYGGP VJG 5CCNG VJG +NO CPF VJG 7PUVTWV #ICKP VYQ NKPGU HQTOGF 9GKOCT CPF 1TNCOÒPFG 'XGP FWTKPI JKU NKHGVKOG #NDGTV VJG $GCT NGHV 9GKOCT 1TNCOÒPFG VQ JKU UQP *GTOCPP + OGPVKQPGF UKPEG CPF KP KPFKECVGF CU VJG EQWPV QH 1TNCI OWPFG 6JG HQTVTGUU QH 9GKOCT YCU FGUVTQ[GF D[ .CPFITCXG .QWKU +++ QH 6JWTKPIKC KP #HVGT *GTOCPP ++ VJG VGTTKVQT[ YCU CICKP FKXKFGF 9GKOCT ECOG WPFGT 1VVQ +++ Ŏ CPF 1TNCOÒPFG WPFGT *GTOCPP +++ Ŏ #V VJG UCOG VKOG VJG 9GVVKP *QWUG DGICP GZGTVKPI RTGUUWTG 6JG HKPCN EQNNCRUG QH 1TNCOÒPFG RQYGT ECOG KP VJG 6JWTKPIKCP EQOKVCN YCT +P 1TNCOÒPFG YCU UQNF VQ VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP

5+')(4+'& +++ 5QP QH *GTOCPP + CPF YGFFGF VQ 5QRJKG QH &GPOCTM KP

$TCMVGCV 9GKOCT ! # /QWPVGF EQWPV T YKVJ DCPPGT TQUGVVG KP HKGNF $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 GURGEKCNN[ KP VJKU EQPFKVKQP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $TCPF EQNNGEVKQP .GW #WEVKQP PQ 6JTGG URGEKOGPU KP *QCTF 5GGIC 6YQ QH YJKEJ KP VJG %QNN .ÌDDGMG CPF 6JGTG CTG RTGUWOCDN[ URGEKOGPU (F 5GGIC 6JG NQECVKQP QH VJG RKGEG UJQYP KP (F 5GGIC KU PQV MPQYP (F 5GGIC 5NI .ÌDDGEMG -/* (F 5GGIC NQECVKQP WPMPQYP (F 5GGIC UCOG FKG CU DWV YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU 5NI $WEJGPCW %CJP 5NI .ÌD DGEMG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI $TCPF -ÒPMGT VJKU URGEKOGP &$$ (QT VJG OKPV VJG ECVCNQIWG QH VJG &GWVUEJG $WPFGUDCPM RTQXKFGU 1TNCOÒPFG VJQWIJ YKVJ C SWGUVKQP OCTM CPF *GTOCPP ++ HQT VJG EQWPV KP QHHKEG DWV CICKP YKVJ TGUGTXCVKQP +P VJG ECV $WEJGPCW VJGTG KU CPQVJGT CWEVKQPGF URGEKOGP PQ HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 5GGIC DWV KV FQGU PQV UC[ YJKEJ +V OWUV DG CPF CU KV UC[U ŋ5EJCTHGU )GRT·IG XQP XQT\ÒINKEJUVGT 'TJCNVWPIŌ ENGCT UVTWEM EQKP QH GZVTGOGN[ HKPG EQPFKVKQP KV OC[ DG CUUWOGF VJCV VJKU KU VJG QPG UJQYP YKVJ 5GGIC +P *QCTF 5GGIC FGUETKDGF CU 1TNCOÒPFG CPF %QWPV *GTOCPP CRRTQZ

259

BEICHLINGEN

%17065 QH $'+%*.+0)'0 6JKU EQOKVCN NKPG PCOGF KVUGNH CHVGT VJG HCOKN[ ECUVNG DWKNV KP 6JG UVTWEVWTG QH VJG F[PCUV[ KU WP ENGCT DWV KV KU C MPQYP HCEV VJCV VJG[ YGTG TGNCVGF VQ VJG 9GVVKPU 0QTVJGKOGT 9KRTGEJVU QH )TQKV\UEJ %QWPV (TGFGTKEM + QH $GKEJNKPIGP KU MPQYP HQT C HCEV *G VTCXGNNGF YKVJ -KPI %QPTCF YKVJ 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CPF YKVJ UGXGTCN CTEJDKUJQRU QH /CKP\ +P JG YCU 8QIV C )GTOCP V[RG QH IWCTFKCP QH 1NFKUNGDGP *G KU PQV OGPVKQPGF CHVGT *G JCF VYQ UQPU 4GIKPDQFQ Ŏ CPF (TGFGTKEM ++ YJQ EQWNF JCXG OKPVGF UKPEG (TGFGTKEM ++ JCF C UQP (TGFGTKEM +++ HKTUV OGPVKQPGF KP #V VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG VGTTKVQT[ HGNN CRCTV CPF GCEJ DTCPEJ GUVCDNKUJGF KVU QYP RQUUGU UKQPU #U YCU VJG ECUG YKVJ OCP[ QVJGT PQDNG JQWUGU VJKU JQWUG UNKF KPVQ HKPCPEKCN FKHHKEWNVKGU 4GUWNV UCNG QH VGTTKVQTKGU CPF ITCPVKPI HKGHU GURGEKCNN[ VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI CPF VQ VJG 9GVVKPU KPVQ YJQUG UGTXKEG UGXGTCN $GKEJNKPIGPU YGPV

(4+'&4+%* ++

$TCMVGCV (TCPMGPJCWUGP # /QWPVGF EQWPV T YKVJ DCPPGT CPF UJKGNF QH $GKEJNKPIGP %10'5 (4+&'4+%85 $GTIGT (WPF 'THWTV IT 44 6TCEGU QH C DTGCM CPF UOCNN GFIG DTGCMU XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (F 5GGIC EH (F 0QTFJCWUGP EH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG EH (F 0QTFJCWUGP CPF .ÌDDGMG CTG DQVJ YKVJQWV RGNNGVU QXGT ETQUU (F 'THWTV JCF URGEKOGP #EEQTFKPI VQ &QDGPGEMGT ++ %QWPV (TGFGTKEM ++ VQQM WR VJG ETQUU KP 6JKU HCEV UGGOU VQ DG U[ODQNKUGF D[ VJG HNQCVKPI ETQUU KP VJG GHHKI[ YJKEJ RTQXKFGU KPUKIJV KPVQ VJG [GCT QH OKPVKPI +P VJG *QCTF 'THWTV QPN[ OGPVKQP KU QH %QWPV (TGFGTKEM ++ YKVJQWV VJG CFFKVKQP QH 8QIV *QCTF 'THWTV

260

$TCMVGCV (TCPMGPJCWUGP # /QWPVGF MPKIJV T YKVJ UYQTF HNCI CPF UJKGNF USWCTG T CDQXG (WPF 5GGIC IT 44 $TQCF CPF HCWNVNGUU HNCP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

BEICHLINGEN - MÜHLHAUSEN )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z )CTTGVV ++ $GKEJNKPIGT -[HHJ·UGT V[RG ,9) 4C[OQPF LCPWCT[ (TQO VJG JQCTF 5GGIC URGEKOGP JCNXGU (F 0QTFJCWUGP URGEKOGP JCNXGU %H CNUQ *·XGTPKEM 6JÒTKPIGP R PQ HH +P $WEJGPCW &GT (WPF XQP 5GGIC ō&CU -TGW\EJGP CO *CNUG FGU 2HGTFGU CWEJ CWH FGO UVKNXGTYCPFVGP $TCMVGCVGP 0T FGT XGTUWEJUYGKUG DGK /CPUHGNF CPIGQTFPGV YWTFG 'U KUV PKEJV CWUIGUEJNQUUGP FCUU CWEJ FKGU )GRT·IG PCEJ /CPUHGNF IGJÌTV CNU FGTDGTG -QRKG JKGT\W KUV FCU FGT 5CPIGTJCWUGP WPF /CPUHGNF DGPCEJDCTVGP *GTTGP XQP *CMGDQTP CWH 9KRRTC \WIGUEJTKGDGPG )GRT·IG CP\WUGJGP ŋ 6JG UOCNN ETQUU QP VJG PGEM QH VJG JQTUG ECP CNUQ DG UGGP KP DTCEVGCVG PQ QH UKOKNCT UV[NG VJCV YCU CVVTKDWVGF VQ /CPUHGNF CU CP GZRGTKOGPV 6JKU EQKP OC[ YGNN DGNQPI VQ /CPUHGNF EQORCTG VJG EQCTUGT EQR[ PQ CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG NQTFU QH *CMGDQTP QP 9KRRTC PGKIJDQWTU QH 5CPIGTJCWUGP CPF /CPUHGNF )CGVVGPU KP %CV *QJ + #PQVJGT URGEKOGP JGTG PQ PQV HTQO *QCTF 5GGIC ō'KPG IGUKEJGTVG <WYGKUWPI FKGUGU 5VÒEMGU KUV DKUJGT PQEJ PKEJV OÌINKEJ $GUQPFGTU DGOGTMGPUYGTV KUV CP FKGUGO 5VÒEM FKG FWTEJ FCU /ÒP\DKNF GT\KGNVG 4CWOCWHVGKNWPI YQFWTEJ 4QUU WPF 4GKVGT JGTXQTTCIGPF \WT )GNVWPI MQOOGP 0WP JCDGP YKT WPVGT FGP IGUKEJGTVGP $GKEJNKPIGT $TCMVGCVGP GKPG 4GKJG XQP 2HGPPKIGP FKG GKPG ·JPNKEJG MÒPUVNGTKUEJG 4CWOCWHINKGFGTWPI \GKIGP UQ FGT 5EJTKHVDTCMVGCV 5GGIC 0QTFJCWUGP ŋ # YGNN ITQWPFGF CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU RKGEG KU PQV RQUUKDNG CU [GV 4GOCTMCDNG CDQWV VJKU RKGEG KP RCTVKEWNCT KU KVU RCTVKVKQPGF HKGNF UJQYKPI VQ CFXCPVCIG JQTUGOCP CPF JQTUG 6JGTG JCRRGPU VQ DG C UGTKGU QH RHGPPKIG WPFGT VJG CUEGTVCKPGF $GKEJNKPIGT DTCEVGCVGU UJQYKPI C UKOKNCT RCTVKVKQPKPI CTVKUVT[ UWEJ CU VJG GRKITCRJKE DTCEVGCVG 5GGIC 0QTFJCWUGP 9G EJQUG VQ CFJGTG VQ )CGVVGPUŉ CVVTKDWVKQP

$TCMVGCV ! (TCPMGPJCWUGP # /QWPVGF MPKIJV T YKVJ UYQTF HNCI CPF UJKGNF UVCT T CDQXG %+8 Ő 8#+5#4 Q /1 Ő 5 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG )QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG JQCTF QH 5GGIC PQ #NN URGEKOGPU HTQO VJG JQCTF UJQY C UCYVQQVJ GFIG 6JG VGZV QH VJKU URGEKOGP XGT[ HCKPVN[ TGUGODNGU CP[ QH VJG FKHHGTGPV XCTKGVKGU $WEJGPCW RTQXKFGU KP *QCTF 5GGIC .GKV\OCPP UWIIGUVGF VJKU V[RG OC[ PQV DG NCPFITCXGN[ 9GKGPUGG $GKEJNKPIKE CDQWV KP (TCPMGPJCWUGP 6JG KPPGT VJTGG SWCTVGT EKTENG UVCTVU CV VJG JQTUGŉU JGCF 7PFGT QPG JGCFKPI /WNJQWUG MKPUJKR VQ 6JWTKPIKC CPF *QJPUVGKP 0QTFJCWUGP CPF 5VQNDGTI DGECWUG QH VJGKT KPVGTFGRGPFGPEG

/ª*.*#75'0 0GCT VJG 1NF 6JWTKPIKCP XKNNCIG #NVGP /WNJQWUG (TCPMU GUVCDNKUJGF C UGVVNGOGPV KP 6JG ECUVNG CPF VJG TQ[CN EQWTV CTG FQEWOGPVGF UVCTVKPI 7PVKN VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ GCEJ )GTOCP MKPI JCF XKUKVGF VJKU RNCEG QPEG /WNJQWUG GOGTIGF KP VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CTQWPF VJG $NCUKWU %JWTEJ CPF YCU ECNNGF EKXKVCU KORGTCVQTKU HTQO +P VJG PGY VQYP FGXGNQRGF CTQWPF 5V /CT[ŉU %JWTEJ $QVJ EJWTEJGU ECOG WPFGT VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU KP VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG OKPV KP /WNJQWUG YCU HWTPKUJGF D[ (TGFGTKM $CTDCTQUUC KP VJG VKGU 6JGTG CTG JQYGXGT PQ YTKVVGP CEMPQYNGFIGOGPVU QH VJG UVCTV QH OKPVKPI CV /WNJQWUG 6JG KORGTKCN DTCEVGCVGU HTQO /WNJQWUG UJQY CP GORGTQT JKIJ QP JKU JQTUG YJKEJ NKPMU FKTGEVN[ VQ VJG QNFGUV JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU HTQO 'KUGP CEJ $WEJGPCW UGVU VJG RGTKQF UQOGYJGTG CTQWPF 261

MÜHLHAUSEN 4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG (4+'&4+%* +

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF GORGTQT N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF YCNN YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU T (4+&'4+%85 +/2'4# 614 /8. '*85+)'05+5 &'0#4++5 $GTIGT 0CW IT 44 'FIG DTGCMU UJQTVGPGF GFIGU CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ OCIPKHKEKGPV RCVKPC

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP 2QUGTP -NGVV 6CH %CRRG 6CH *QCTF)QVJC < F 5V (KI VJG GPF QH VJG VGZV KU C 8 6JG QDXGTUG KU UVTWEM TGOCTMCDN[ UJCTR YJKEJ KU OQUVN[ PQV VJG ECUG

# HKGH VQ *GTOCPP + QH 6JWTKPIKC &WTKPI VJG *QJGPUVCWHGP 9GNH VJTQPG EQPVTQXGTU[ /WNJQWUG LWUV CU VJG QVJGT OKPVU DGECOG C NKGP QH .CPFITCXG *GTOCPP + QH 6JWTKPIKC +V YCU EGFGF VQ JKO D[ -KPI 2JKNKR CU C HKGH +P EQKPCIG VJG NCPFITCXG EQPVKPWGF VJG V[RG YKVJ VJG /WNJQWUG GHHKI[ QH C ETQYPGF JQTUGOCP 5QOG VKOGU VJKU KU VJG MKPI YKVJ C ETQYP QVJGT VKOGU KV KU VJG NCPFITCXG JKOUGNH +P VJG NCPFITCXG CNNKGF YKVJ VJG EQWPVGTMKPI 1VVQ +8 RTQORVKPI 2JKNKR VQ OCTEJ CICKPUV VJG FKU NQ[CN EQWPV CPF FGHGCV JKO KP PGCT +EJVGTUJCWUGP

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF MKPI T YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF QTD DGJKPF CPF UVCT KP HTQPV HQWT RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 0CW XCT 5NI $QPJQHH XCT 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 4 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (F 5GGIC QPN[ QPG URGEKOGP (F 'THWTV VYQ URGEKOGP +P *QCTF 'THWTV VJG VGZV KU TGCF CU 01# ETCEM KP VJG FKG .810 ETCEM KP VJG FKG 1018 .+221128 QQ +0101+% #NQPI YKVJ VJKU C EQOOGPV ō'KPG <WYGKUWPI CP 2JKNKRR X 5EJYCDGP KUV YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ FC 6GKNG FGT 6TWIUEJTKHV KP HTCIOGPVCTKUEJGP (QTO UGKPGP 0COGP DGKPJCNVGP 'T YWTFG CO KP /ÒJNJCWUGP \WO FGWVUEJGP -ÌPKI IGY·JNV ŋ #P CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC KU RTGHGTCDNG CU RCTVU QH VJG DNWPFGTGF NGIGPF UJQY HTCIOGPVU QH JKU PCOG *G YCU EJQUGP )GTOCP MKPI QP KP /WNJQWUG +U PQPGVJGNGUU FGUETKDGF CU 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC QT .CPFITCXG *GTOCPP CNU JQNFGT QH VJG NKGP KP *QCTF 'THWTV + O Q VJG FGUETKRVKQP KP VJG *QCTF 'THWTV IKXGU *GTOCPP + VJG DGPGHKV QH VJG FQWDV 6Q O[ OKPF VJG VGZV QH VJG EQKP KP JCPF DGIKPU 01#&81ő 6GNNKPI VJG 1ŉU HTQO VJG &ŉU KU JCTF VJG UCOG YKVJ VJG PGZV PQ $WEJGPCW OQUVN[ IKXGU CP 1

262

MÜHLHAUSEN

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF MKPI N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF QTD DGJKPF JKO 8+101+8+81+018+&+8+0&+8+1+81+ (WPF 5GGIC 0CW EH 5NI $QPJQHH EH IT 44 $TQCF CPF HCWNVNGUU HNCP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ .GW <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z / .G[ %QNNGEVKQP PQ .CP\ (F 'THWTV URGEKOGP #NUQ QEEWTU KP VJG %QNN #NNGTVUGFGT 0QV VJG UCOG +P JQCTF 5GGIC QPN[ C UKPING URGEKOGP ECOG WR PQV VJG UCOG VJG VGZV RTCEVKECNN[ OCVEJGU VJCV IKXGP D[ $WEJGPCW KP JQCTF 5GGIC 7PFGT PQ CPQVJGT URGEKOGP GOGTIGF CV 5QVJGD[ŉU CWEVKQP QH 1EVQDGT HTQO C 'WTQRGCP 2TKXCVG %QNNGEVKQP

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF MPKIJV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF NKU QP KV GFKHKEG DGJKPF JKO 18%0Λ08'Λ85Λ1Λ&0+8++.Λ0'0Λ++8 $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP 1PN[ QPG URGEKOGP ECOG WR KP *QCTF 5GGIC DWV VJKU JCU VJG RQKPV DGVYGGP VJG JQTUGŉU NGIU OKUUKPI YJKNG $WEJGPCW TGRQTVU C UOCNN FQOGF VQYGT WPFGT VJG JQTUG $WEJGPCW FQGU PQV OGPVKQP C NKU KP VJG UJKGNF DWV QH C ŋFTGKVGKNKI IGURCNVGPGT 5VCDŌ UVCHH URNKV KP VJTGG 6JGTG KU C UKOKNCT EQKP *QCTF 5GGIC YJKEJ JCU C DTKFIG QPN[ WPFGT VJG JQTUG $WEJGPCW GNWEKFCVGU CU HQN NQYU .QWKU GPUWTGF RGQRNGŉU UCHGV[ QP UVTGGVU CPF YJKNG ETQUUKPI DTKFIGU KP 6JWTKPIKC +V UGGOU RQUUKDNG VJCV VJG DTKFIG HQTOU CP CNNWUKQP VQ VJCV HCEV DWV KV OKIJV CNUQ TGHGT VQ C EGTVCKP KORQTVCPV DTKFIG YJKEJ KP VJCV ECUG YQWNF JCXG VQ DG VJG QPG KP 6JCOUDTÒEM 6JKU EQKP YCU CNYC[U ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT 6JWTKPIKC DWV VJG NKU UJKGNF QT VJG URNKV UVCHH KU PQTOCNN[ HQWPF KP /WNJQWUG YJKEJ KU YJ[ YG NKUVGF VJKU EQKP JGTG 6JGTG CNUQ KU CP GSWKXCNGPV V[RG DGCTKPI CP GCING UJKGNF UGG PQ JQYGXGT VJCV HCNNU WPFGT 6JWTKPIKC 6JGUG VYQ EQKPU DGCT ITGCV TGUGODNCPEG CU HQT KPUVCPEG VJG JGCFU 6JÒTKPIGP /ÒJNJCWUGP +V KU PQV WPVJKPMCDNG VJCV YG CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ QPG CPF VJG UCOG FKG EWVVGT JGTG 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 2TGXKQWUN[ WPRWDNKUJGF

263

MÜHLHAUSEN - HOHNSTEIN 4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG +ORGTKCN OKPV 1661 +8

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF GORGTQT T YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF QTD DGJKPF JKO (WPF 5GGIC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP (TKGFTKEJ ++ 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 /KPQT 'FIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP +P VJG JQCTF 5GGIC $WEJGPCW RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI VGZV +%++%+%++%++%++ Ő + DCTGN[ NGIKDNG QP VJG EQKP KP JCPF

#U C NKGP QH VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC /GKUUGP HTQO #.$4'%*6 FGT 70#46+)'

$TCMVGCV /ÒJNJCWUGP # /QWPVGF GORGTQT N YKVJ HNCI CPF GCING UVQPG URKPFNG DGJKPF JKO # QP VJG GFIG 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ +PXCTKCDN[ CP WRRGT # CPF NQYGT # QP VJG GFIG 6JG EQKP KP JCPF UJQYU QPN[ VJG WRRGT # VJG TGXGTUG VQQ DGCTU PQ KORTGUUKQP QH C UGEQPF # %QNN .ÌDDGEMG ENCUUKHKGU KV WPFGT #FQNH QH 0CUUCW %QNN *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV CPF $GTIGT CU YGNN +P $QPJQHH WPFGT #NDGTV CEEQORCPKGF D[ VJG HQNNQYKPI EQOOGPV 6JG NCUV EQKP QH (TGFGTKEM ++ %QNN $QPJQHH CNTGCF[ DQTG C UVQPG URKPFNG JGPEG KV OWUV DGNQPI VQ (TGFGTKEMŉU NCUV [GCTU YJGP VJG EKV[ JCF CNTGCF[ VCMGP EQPVTQN QH VJG OKPV JGPEG VJG UVQPG URKPFNG 6JKU PQ OWUV JCXG HQNNQYGF VJCV QPG FKTGEVN[ VJG GHHKI[ KU RTCEVKECNN[ VJG UCOG YJKEJ NGCFU WU VQ ENCUUKH[ KV WPFGT #NDGTV TCVJGT VJCP WPFGT #FQNH

%17065 QH *1*056'+0 6JG 6JWTKPIKCP .QWKU YKVJ VJG $GCTF JCF C UQP $GTKPICT QH 5CPIGTJCWUGP *G KU EQOOQPN[ TGICTFGF CU VJG RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG NKPG +NHGNF *QJPUVGKP QTKIKPCNN[ VJKU NKPG DQTG VJG PCOG +NHGNF CHVGT KVU TGUKFGPVKCN UGCV DWV HTQO VJG[ ECNNGF VJGOUGNXGU ŋXQP *QJPUVGKPŌ *QJPUVGKP KU C ECUVNG DWKNV KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ UGCV QH VJKU PQDNG JQWUG HTQO VJG 5QWVJ *CT\ FQEWOGPVGF HKTUV KP 6JG JQWUG JCF UKIPKHK ECPV RQUUGUUKQPU UVTGVEJKPI HTQO VJG *CT\ VQ 'THWTV -PQYP CTG 'NIGTWU ++ QH +NHGNF Ŏ CPF JKU UQP 'NIGTWU +++ Ŏ 1P VJG FGOKUG QH 'NIGTWU +++ KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ URNKV KPVQ *QJPUVGKP WPFGT &KGVTKEJ ++ Ŏ CPF 5VQNDGTI WPFGT *GPT[ + +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG[ DGECOG XCUUCNU VQ VJG NCPF ITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC CPF QH /CKP\ CPF (WNFC +P VJG[ CVVCEMGF VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI DWV GXGPVWCNN[ *QJPUVGKP NQUV 5QPFGTJCWUGP CPF (TCPMGPJCWUGP VQ 5EJYCT\DWTI KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ (TQO VJG EQWPV[ YCU FKXKFGF COQPI VJTGG NKPGU 264

HOHNSTEIN - STOLBERG '.)'475 +++

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT CPF GORTGUU YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF UEGRVTG UGCVGF QP YCNN CTEJ YKVJ GFKHKEG DG VYGGP VJGO $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'FIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F 5GGIC GZ (F 0QTFJCWUGP 9G ECP UCHGN[ CUUWOG VJCV VJG EQKPU QH *QJPUVGKP YGTG UVTWEM CV C NCVGT VKOG VJCP VJQUG QH 0QTFJCWUGP 6JG EQWPVU FKF KOKVCVG VJG KORGTKCN EQKPU DWV PQV VJG QVJGT YC[ CTQWPF $WEJGPCW *QCTF 5GGIC ENCUUKHKGU KV WPFGT ō,ÒPIGTG )TWRRG 0QTFJ·WUGT 0CEJCJOWPIGP QJPG DGUVKOOVG $GK\GKEJGP *QJPUVGKP WPF -NGVVGPDGTI -KTEJDGTI! ŋ ;QWPIGT ITQWR QH 0QTFJCWU KOKVCVKQPU YKVJQWV URGEKHKE U[ODQNU

*'+04+%* 8+++

*QJNRHGPPKI EC # 5JKGNF 5EJWNVGP IT

8GT[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ 6JG CTOU KU HTCOGF KP VJTGG UVTCKIJV NKPGU YJKEJ FGVGTOKPGU VJG RQUKVKQP UJQYP WRUKFG FQYP KP %CV -2/

%17065 QH 561.$'4) 6JG NKPG QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5VQNDGTI KUUWGF HTQO VJCV QH *QJPUVGKP 'NIGTWU +++ YCU EQWPV QH *QJPUVGKP #HVGT JG FKGF VJG EQWPV[ YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ *QJPUVGKP WPFGT &KGVTKEJ ++ CPF 5VQNDGTI WPFGT *GPT[ + #HVGT VJG F[PCUV[ OCPCIGF VQ TGRGN TQ[CN KPHNWGPEG KP VJG *CT\ +V CESWKTGF SWKVG C HGY VGTTKVQTKGU COQPI YJKEJ *QJPUVGKP KP 6JG 5VQNDGTI &[PCUV[ YGTG XCUUCNU VQ $TCPFGPDWTI $TCWPUEJYGKI /CIFGDWTI /CKP\ CPF 6JWTKPIKC /KPVU QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5VQNDGTI 5VQNDGTI CPF 9GTPKIGTQFG

*'+04+%* 8

$TCMVGCV # &GGT T NQQMKPI CDQWV VJTGG NGCHU KP JKU OQWVJ $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG FGGT KU VJG EQCV QH CTOU QH 5VQNDGTI *GPT[ 8 KU C ITGCV ITCPFUQP QH *GPT[ +

265

NORDHAUSEN

#$$'; 014&*#75'0 *GPT[ + DGUVQYGF JKU QYP RQUUGUUKQP KP 0QTFJCWUGP QP JKU YKHG /CVKNFC KP /CVKNFC HQWPFGF C EQPXGPV JGTG FGFKECVGF VQ VJG *QN[ %TQUU /CT[ 5V #PCUVCUKWU ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV CPF 'WUVCEG 9JGVJGT 1VVQ ++ ITCPVGF VJG EQPXGPV VJG TKIJVU QH VQNN CPF OKPV TGOCKPU FWDKQWU *G FKF DGUVQY VJG -Ì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

% %+.+# %GEKNKC OKIJV JCXG DGGP VJG ITCPFFCWIJVGT QH %GEKNKC QH 5CPIGTJCWUGP YKHG QH .QWKU YKVJ VJG $GCTF %QWPV QH 6JWTKPIKC HTQO VJG *QWUG *QJPUVGKP 1P /CTEJ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC DGUVQYGF VJG 4GKEJUDWTI -CKUGTRHCN\ CPF VJG -ÌPKIUJQH KP 0QTFJCWUGP QP %GEKNKC

$TCMVGCV # #DDGUU UKVVKPI QP VCDQWTGV T YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ITGCV ETQUU DGVYGGP ETQUU CPF TQUGVVG KP HKGNF $GTIGT (WPF )QVJC IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG # NKVVNG CDTCFGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ $WEJGPCW *QCTF )QVJC CNUQ OGPVKQPU C ŋ(CNVUVWJNŌ VCDQWTGV # UKOKNCT RKGEG QH HWTPKVWTG KU UGGP QP PQ

#NVGPDWTI 6JKU KU QPG QH VJG TCTG EQKPU VJCV YGTG UVTWEM YKVJ CP WRRGT FKG UGG VJG KPVTQFWEVKQP )GTOCP[ $TCEVGCVGU

$'46#

266

$TCMVGCV # 5V 'WUVCEJKWU UGCVGF QP CTEJ N YKVJ RCNO NGCH CPF ETQUU MPGGNKPI CDDGUU YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU T 5% 5 '85#%*+85 $'46# #$$#6+55# &' 01' $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM QVJGTYKUG GZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

NORDHAUSEN

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z .GLGWPG EQNNGEVKQP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ 'Z %CJP EQNNGEVKQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ %H (F )QVJC C 5VGIWYGKV &$$ .CPIG KP JKU ŋ/ÒP\MWPUV FGU /KVVGNCNVGTUŌ QP R YTKVGU ŋ&GT 2HGPPKI IGJÌTV \W FGP UEJÌPUVGP /ÒP\FGPMO·NGTP FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVUŌ VJG RHGPPKI KU COQPI VJG OQUV DGCWVKHWN PWOKUOCVKE OQPWOGPVU QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ #NVJQWIJ VJGTG CTG HQWT RCVTQP UCKPVU KP RTKPEKRNG QPN[ 5V 'WUVCEG KU RQTVTC[GF QP EQKPU 5V 'WUVCEG FKGF C OCTV[T WPFGT 'ORGTQT *CFTKCP 6JG UK\G QH VJKU EQKP KU CFCRVGF VQ VJCV QH VJG 6JWTKPIKCP DTCEVGCVGU &$$ RTQXKFGU 014 HQT VJG GPF QH VJG VGZV DWV + TGCF 01' QP VJG UJQYP EQKP 014 CNUQ QEEWTU KP VJG *QCTF )QVJC PQ C

+/2'4+#. /+06 014&*#75'0 +P OKPVKPI KP 0QTFJCWUGP EQOOGPEGF (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC VJG OKPVKPI NQTF 0QTFJCWUGP HQTOGF CP GPENCXG KP VJG EQWPV[ *QJPUVGKP /KPVKPI YQWNF NCUV WPVKN YJGP VJG EQWPEKN VWTPGF VQ VJG *QJNRHGPPKI +P CP KPUWTIGPE[ QH VJG EKVK\GPU GPFGF RCVTKEKCP RQYGT

(4+'&4+%* +

$TCMVGCV CHVGT # %TQYPGF GORGTQT CPF GORTGUU YKVJ UEGRVTGU CPF QTDU ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO $GTIGT (WPF 5GGIC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV IT 'FIG DTGCM QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG QPN[ FKHHGTGPEG DGVYGGP VJG RQTVTCKVU QH VJG VYQ HKIWTGU KU VJCV VJG NGHV HKIWTG JCU VJTGG RGNNGVU QP JKU VWPKEC CPF VJG TKIJV HKIWTG C OGUJYQTM CDQXG VJKU OGUJYQTM VQ VJG NGHV C NCTIG CPF C UOCNN XGTVKECN NKPG VQ VJG TKIJV CP ( 6JG QPN[ EQPENWUKQP VQ DG FTCYP HTQO VJKU VQ O[ OKPF KU VJCV VJG TKIJV HKIWTG KU CP GORGTQT 6JG CDDG[ EQKPU YGTG KOKVCVGF PQ 6JG RQUKVKQPU QH 5V 'WUVCEG CPF VJG CDDGUU YGTG PQY VCMGP D[ VJG KORG TKCN EQWRNG 6JG NCTIG ETQUU QP VJG UVCHH KP VJG OKFFNG YCU CNUQ EQRKGF HTQO CDDG[ EQKPU 6JG GHHKI[ YCU UVTWEM WPEJCPIGF HQT C NQPI VKOG ITCFWCNN[ FGVGTKQTCVKPI %QNN .ÌDDGEMG QH VJG UCOG FKG CU VJKU EQKP VJG VYQ NKPGU CPF VJG ( CRRGCT QP .ÌDDGMGŉ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

267

SCHWARZBURG-KÄFERNBURG 6JG EQKPU QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI -·HGTPDWTI CPF QH VJG EQWPVU QH *GPPGDGTI CTG EQODKPGF WPFGT VJG PGZV JGCFKPI &GURKVG VJG HCEV VJCV VJG NCVVGT EQWPV[ UVTGVEJGF HWTVJGT UQWVJ VJG EQKPU QH NCVGT [GCTU UJQY C ENGCT EQPPGEVKQP %17065 QH 5%*9#4<$74) - ('40$74) 6JG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI YGTG QPG QH VJG OQUV RQYGTHWN EQOKVCN JQWUGU KP 6JWTKPIKC +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG[ CNVGTPCVGN[ PCOGF VJGOUGNXGU CHVGT VJG HCOKN[ ECUVNG QH 5EJYCT\DWTI VQ VJG YGUV QH 5CCN HGNF CPF -·HGTPDWTI UQWVJGCUV QH #TPUVCFV 6JG RTQIGPKVQT YCU 5K\\Q Ŏ ECNNGF ŋXQP 5EJYCT\DWTIŌ HTQO 6JGUG EQWPVU YGTG TGNCVGF VQ VJG 6JWTKPIKCP JQWUG QH 5K\\Q 6JG RQUUGUUKQP QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI NC[ CTQWPF -·HGTPDWTI 4GOFC +NOGPCW CPF #TPUVCFV

#TPUVCFV YCU QTKIKPCNN[ C OKPV QH VJG CDDG[ *GTUHGNF DWV HGNN VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI KP YJKEJ YCU C HKGH QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ *GTUHGNF #U VJG[ UWRRQTVGF 1VVQ +8 5CCNHGNF UQQP ECOG KPVQ VJGKT RQUUGUUKQP KP CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ (TGFGTKEM ++ KP UQNF VQ VJG 9GVVKPU 6JGTG YCU PQ EJCPEG HQT VJGO QH ICKPKPI VJG VKVNG QH RTKPEG QH VJG GORKTG CPF VJG[ GXGPVWCNN[ UGVVNGF HQT XCUUCNFQO WPFGT VJG 9GVVKPU 8KTVWCNN[ GXGT[ EQWPV YCU PCOGF )ÒPVJGT QT *GPT[ )ÒPVJGT +8 Ŏ CPF *GPT[ ++ Ŏ HQWPFGF VJG JQWUG -·HGTPDWTI )TCFWCNN[ VJG VGTTKVQT[ DGECOG UECVVGTGF

)ª06*'4 ++

$TCMVGCV 5EJYCT\DWTI # /QWPVGF EQWPV T YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF VJTGG YJGGNU KP HKGNF .86 ')' 4 / '( '%+ 6 #'% #NVGPDWTI! $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG )QVJC IT 4 (NCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JG QNFGUV JQTUGOCP DTCMVGCVG QH .WVGIGTŉU UGG UWOOCT[ .WVGIGT PQ #'% #NV'PDWT% $GTIJCWU (F )QVJC /GPCFKGT &/ 5 D 6JG EKTENGU YKVJ VJG YJGGN WUGF VQ DG EQPPGEVGF VQ /CKP\ 6JKU JQYGXGT KU KORQUUKDNG HQT VJG YJGGN FQGU PQV CRRGCT WPVKN VJG EQKPU QH /CKP\ KP #OÌPGDWTI 1P VJG EQKP KP JCPF VJG[ CTG KPVGPFGF CU GNCDQTCVKQPU 6JKU EQKP OWUV JCXG DGGP UVTWEM CTQWPF KP 1TNCOÒPFG CU C RTGEWTUQT VQ VJG OWEJ NCVGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU CNUQ UVTWEM VJGTG QT QH 5EJYCT\DWTI KP $NCPMGPDWTI CHVGT VJG FGCVJ QH .CPFITCXG .QWKU ++ KP $WEJGPCW KP *QCTF )QVJC 6JGTG CTG UGXGTCN JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU QH )ÒPVJGT ++ *·X R PQ *QCTF 4WFQNUVCFV ++ CRRTQZ CPF NCVGT CPQVJGT JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG QH *GPT[ ++ CRRTQZ *·XGTPKEM UGG CNUQ *QCTF 5GGIC $QVJ JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVGU CTG NKUVGF CU WPDGUVKOOVG /ÒP\UV·VVG OKPV WPMPQYP

*'+04+%* :8

$TCMVGCV 4GOFC # /QWPVGF MPKIJV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF QP VJG GFIG VYKEG 4 CPF VQYGTU 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV E IT /KPQT GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP (F 'KUGPCEJ 9JGVJGT VJKU DTCEVGCVG CEVWCNN[ KU HTQO 5EJYCT\DWTI QT TCVJGT HTQO 6JWTKPIKC #NDGTV VJG &GIGPGTCVG YCU NQPI UWDLGEV VQ FQWDV 'XGPVWCNN[ URGEKOGPU YGTG HQWPF KP VJG *QCTF 'KUGPCEJ VJG GFIGU QH YJKEJ ENGCTN[ UJQYGF CP 4 6JKU PQV QPN[ EQPHKTOU 5EJYCT\DWTI DWV CNUQ VJG OKPV 4GOFC

268

HENNEBERG

%17065 QH *'00'$'4) 6JG *QWUG *GPPGDGTI PCOGF KVUGNH CHVGT VJG ECUVNG D[ VJG UCOG PCOG 6JG HQWPFCVKQP HQT VJG RQUUGUUKQPU DGVYGGP 4JÌP 6JÒTKPIGT 9CNF CPF *CDGTIGP YCU NCKF D[ 2QRRQ + Ŏ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

*'4/#00 +

$TCMVGCV 5EJOCNMCNFGP # /QWPVGF MPKIJV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF DKTF JGP DGJKPF JKO QP VJG GFIG VYKEG 8 CPF VQYGTU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG /KPQT HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5EJOCNMCNFGP %QOKVCN *GPPGDGTI /KPV 0QV KP %QNN $QPJQHH *QJGPUVCWHGP .ÌDDGEMG $CJTHGNFV +P %QNN #NNGTVUGFGT VJKU V[RG FQGU QEEWT YKVJ CPQVJGT GFIG 5GG *QCTF 1JTFTWH ++

#010;/175

2HGPPKI %QDWTI EC # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ VGP EWTNU )TCUUGT D IT

8GT[ HKPG

*QJNRHGPPKI 5EJNGWUKPIGP # 5 WPFGT ETQYP Q Q 9+.*' 5NI $QPJQHH IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

9+.*'./ +++ +8 /ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ 2QUGTP -NGVV 6CH

9+.*'./ +8

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP CPF * WPFGT Q + Q 5EJWNVGP IT /KPQT HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 9KNNKCO +8 WPFGT IWCTFKCPUJKR QH ,QJCPP ++ QH (WNFC /KVV $C[ 0 )

269

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Ò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

$TCMVGCV 4QFC # 9JGGN YKVJ UGXGP URQMGU QP VJG GFIG HQWT ETQUUGU CPF HQWT UVCTU CNVGTPCVKPI 41&'05+ 018*$#85 4ÌDNKV\ 6CH PQ R IT +TTGIWNCT RCVKPC CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ 4ÌDNKV\ PQ PCOG ECP DG CVVCEJGF VQ VJKU 7UWCNN[ KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ *CTVOCPP ++ 6JG & KP 4QFGPUK KU TGVTQITCFG VJG UGEQPF RCTV UJQYU C $ QP VJG EQKP KP JCPF CP ' YKVJ 4ÌDNKV\ŉU 2QUGTP -NGVV 6CH

/10';'4 &+' %766'4

#RCTV HTQO VJG PCOG QH VJG OKPVKPI NQTF YG UQOGVKOGU HKPF CPQVJGT PCOG QP VJG EQKPU KP VJG /KFFNG #IGU 5QOG VKOGU VJKU KU VJG OQPG[GT UQOGVKOGU VJG FKG EWVVGT VJKU KU OQUVN[ JCTF VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ + O Q VJTGG RGTKQFU UJQWNF DG FKUVKPIWKUJGF 6JG RGTKQF QH VJG TGURQPUKDKNKV[ 2GTKQF INQDCNN[ VQ #RRNKECDNG VQ (TCPEG DGIKPPKPI CPF 'PINCPF

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ŉU $WV PQV NCVGT #HVGT VJG /GTQXKPIKCPU VJG PCOG FKUUCRRGCTU VJG %CTQNKPIKCP OQPGVCT[ U[UVGO YCU EGPVTCNN[ QTICPKUGF OGPVKQP KPI OQPG[GTUŉ QT FKG EWVVGTUŉ PCOGU YCU PQV EQPUKFGTGF KORQTVCPV +P 'PINCPF QP VJG QVJGT JCPF KPENWFKPI VJG PCOGU QT KPKVKCNU ECOG KPVQ WUG CICKP KP VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT TGCRRGCTGF QHVGP VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJG YQTF /10'6# QPN[ QPEG YCU /' ('%+6 WUGF D[ #GVJGNUVCP ++ )WVJTWO KP #PINKC

270

MONEYER / DIE CUTTER 5QOGVKOGU VJKU CFFKVKQP KU UJQTVGPGF /1 6QYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG IQXGTPOGPV QH #GVJGNTGF ++ NCUV UOCNN ETQUU VJG /1 YCU TGRNCEGF D[ 10 HQNNQYGF D[ VJG OKPV 6JKU YQWNF EQPVKPWG WPEJCPIGF WR VQ VJG HKTUV GOKUUKQP D[ 'FYCTF + HTQO VJKU OGPVKQP QH VJG OQPG[GTŉU PCOG YQWNF FGHKPKVKXGN[ FKUUCRRGCT +V KU WPFGTUVCPFCDNG VJCV VJKU EQWTUG QH CEVKQP YCU CNUQ VCMGP KP EQWPVTKGU VJCV YGTG ENQUGN[ VKGF VQ 'PIGNCPF +TGNCPF 5EQVNCPF &GPOCTM /10 /1 CPF 5YGFGP YJGTG QPN[ 1NCH 5MQVMÌPKPI WUGU KV /1 #HVGT VJCV VJGTG YGTG PQ OQTG UWEJ KPUVCPEGU 6JKU KPFKECVKQP YCU EQRKGF QP C 5VCFG EQKP RGTJCRU VCMGP HTQO 5YGFGP *41<# /' ('%+6 JGCTMGPKPI DCEM VQ VJG /' ('%+6 #HVGT VJCV KV JCTFN[ QEEWTGF CP[ OQTG $GTIJCWU UKIPCNKUGU C UKPING WPKHCEG DTQP\G EQKP RTGUWOCDN[ LGYGNNGT[ HTQO )QUNCT HTQO VJG VKOG QH *GPT[ +++ UJQYKPI $'001 /' ('%+6 UGG $GTIJCWU &CT UVGNNWPIGP WPF $G\GKEJPWPIGP XQP -ÒPUVNGTP CWH /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU KP 1TPCOGPVC 'EENGUKCG #WUUVGNNWPI -ÌNP RCTV R (KI 6JG CTVKUVU +V YQWNF VJGP VCMG WPVKN VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG DTCEVGCVG RGTKQF DGHQTG CPQVJGT KPFKECVKQP QH OQPG[GTU QT FKG EWVVGTU YCU FQEWOGPVGF KP )GTOCP[ +P HCEV QPN[ VJTGG PCOGU CTG MPQYP .WVGIGT 'TJCTF QH 'NJCT CPF (WTKVJKIGT $KVGT 1H VJG NCVVGT VYQ QPN[ QPG V[RG KU MPQYP QH 'TJCTF QH 'NJCT KP #TPUVGKP HQT VJG URGNNKPI UGG WPFGT #TPUVGKP CPF (WTKVJKIGT $KVGT KP 5CCNHGNF UGG PQ 9JGTGCU YG MPQY XCTKQWU V[RGU QH .WVGIGT 6JKU GPCDNGU WU VQ HQNNQY VJG RTQHGUUKQPCN RCVJ VCMGP D[ .WVGIGT *G UQOGVKOGU JCF JKU EQKPU UJQY C UQ ECNNGF TGFGPFGU 9CRRGP ECPVKPI CTOU +V KU C ETCPG CEEQTFKPI VQ $WEJGPCW KV TGHGTU VQ .WFGMG YJQ KU FGRKEVGF CU C ETCPG KP ŋ4GKPCTF VJG HQZŌ #NUQ KV KU PQV KORQUUKDNG VJCV JG RQTVTC[GF JKOUGNH QP QPG QH JKU EQKPU QPEG 6JG KFGPVKV[ QH .WVGIGT JCU EQPHQWPFGF TGUGCTEJGTU HQT C NQPI VKOG VJQWIJ JG KU IGPGTCNN[ CUUWOGF VQ DG C FKG EWVVGT QH JKIJ CTVKUVKECN CDKNKV[ YJQ VTCXGNNGF CTQWPF QHHGTKPI JKU UGTXKEGU VQ UGXGTCN OKPVKPI NQTFU 9G UJQWNF FKUVKPIWKUJ DGVYGGP VJG CTVKUV CPF VJG OKPVKPI YQTMUJQR 9QTMUJQRU YGTG KPFKURGPUCDNG HQT VJGTG YGTG PWOGTQWU V[RGU QH DTCEVGCVGU CPF FGOQPGVKUCVKQP HQTEGF VJG OKPVU VQ TGIWNCTN[ OCPWHCEVWTG PGY FKGU QT TGYQTM WUGF QPGU .WVGIGT YCU HTQO #NVGPDWTI YJKEJ JG KPFKECVGF QP UGXGTCN QH JKU EQKPU 6JG HKTUV RKGEG DGCTKPI JKU PCOG RTQDCDN[ UJQWNF DG FCVGF VQ VJG [GCTU CTQWPF UGG WPFGT PQ +V KU NKMGN[ .WVGIGT JCF DGGP UEWNRVQT RTKQT VQ JKU FKG EWVVKPI FC[U CU JG CFFGF CP 5 QP UQOG V[RGU HQT UEWNRVQT (TQO CTQWPF JG YQWNF JCXG RTQDCDN[ UVCTVGF EWVVKPI FKGU V[RGU GZKUV VJCV DGCT JKU PCOG UQOGVKOGU VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJG OKPVKPI NQTFŉU QPG QH YJKEJ YG MPQY GZENWUKXGN[ HTQO NKVGTCVWTG PQ +P VJG DGNQY QXGTXKGY QH VJGUG V[RGU QPN[ VYQ QEEWT VJCV YG MPQY OQTG URGEKOGPU QH CNN VJG QVJGTU YG MPQY CU GKVJGT WPKSWGU QT CU V[RGU QH YJKEJ VJGTG CTG QPN[ C HGY URGEKOGPU QH 0GCTN[ CNN VJGUG URGEKOGPU GZENWUKXGN[ QEEWTGF KP VJG JQCTF QH )QVJC 6JKU JQCTF YCU FKUEQXGTGF QP ,WN[ KP C JQWUG KP VJG ,WFGPUVTCUUG #EEQTFKPIN[ CP KPJCDKVCPV QH VJG IJGVVQ KU EQOOQPN[ CUUWOGF VQ JCXG DGGP KVU NCUV QYPGT C ,GYKUJ IQNFUOKVJ QT GZEJCPIG DTQMGT .CVGT DCUGF QP VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH VJG JQCTF VJG RQUUKDKNKV[ YCU XQKEGF VJCV JG EQWNF JCXG DGGP CP EKXKN UGTXCPV GZEJCPIKPI QNF EQKPU CICKPUV PGY QPGU VQ VJGP OGNV VJG QNF QPGU #V CP[ TCVG VJG EQKPU YGTG KP C DCF UJCRG HQT VJG OQUV RCTV VJG PQ YCU HQWPF VKGF KP C RCEMCIG VQIGVJGT YKVJ QVJGT EQKPU +V VJGTGHQTG UGGOU NKMGN[ VJCV .WVGIGT RCTVGF YKVJ JKU EQKPU CV VJCV OQOGPV JG OC[ JCXG EGCUGF JKU CEVKXKVKGU QT JG OC[ JCXG FKGF 6JG NCVGUV FCVG EQPVCKPGF KP VJG JQCTF KU KP VJG RGTKQF DGVYGGP CPF $WEJGPCW UVCPFU D[ YJKEJ NGCFU WU VQ CUUWOG VJCV .WVGIGTU CEVKXKVKGU GZVGPFGF HTQO VQ #U PGCTN[ CNN V[RGU QEEWT QPN[ QPEG UQOGVKOGU VYQ URGEKOGPU KV UGGOU QDXKQWU VJCV .WVGIGT VTCXGNNGF HTQO OKPV VQ OKPV UJQYKPI VJG NQTFU VJGUG EQKPU CU GXKFGPEG QH JKU CTVKUVT[ 6JKU KU EQTTQDQTCVGF D[ VJG HCEV VJCV VJGTG KU CP KFGPVKECN EQR[ QH PQ CPF VJCV UJQYU VJG PCOG QH VJG OKPVKPI NQTF KPUVGCF QH .WVGIGTŉ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

UCXGF KP VJG *QCTF )QVJC

271

MONEYER / DIE CUTTER $GPGCVJ KU CP QXGTXKGY QH .WVGIGTŉU UCORNGU 6JG PWODGTU CPF YGTG PGXGT HQNNQYGF WR VJWU EQPUVKVWVKPI UCO RNGU KP VJG OQUV NKVGTCN UGPUG 6JG QVJGTU FKF TGUWNV KP CEVWCN KUUWGU .KVGTCVWTG QP .WVGIGTŉU DTCEVGCVGU YKVJ JKU PCOG KU UECTEG 6JG HKTUV OGCPKPIHWN CEEQWPVU QP VJKU UWDLGEV YGTG YTKV VGP D[ $WEJGPCW RTQORVGF D[ VJG JQCTF )QVJC &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP )QVJC /ÒPEJGP R GV UGSS VJGP D[ )CGVVGPU &CU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP FGT #DVGK (WNFC (WNFC R G X /GJN FGXQVGU C UWEEKPEV EQOOGPV VQ VJKU GURGEKCNN[ VQ PQ &KG /ÒP\GP FGU 5VKHVGU 3WGFNKPDWTI *CODWTI R GV UGSS YJKNG $GTIJCWU RTQXKFGU VJG OQUV EQORTGJGPUKXG QXGTXKGY &CTUVGNNWPIGP WPF $G\GKEJPWPIGP XQP -ÒPUVNGTP CWH /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU KP 1TPCOGPVC 'EENGUKCG #WUUVGNNWPI -ÌNP FN R GV UGSS $GPGCVJ TGHGTGPEGU OCKPN[ CTG VQ VJG PWODGTKPI QH $WEJGPCW CPF $GTIJCWU 6JG KNNWUVTCVKQPU CTG UECNGF FQYP 1XGTXKGY .WVGIGT UCORNG DTCEVGCVGU 6JG %TCPG $TCEVGCVG -TCPKEJDTCMVGCV *CTVOCPP + XQP .QDFGDWTI -TCPKEJDTCMVGCV EC ,GPC .86')'4 Ő /' Ő ('%+6 Ő 5 Ő &%# 5 Ő &%# 5EWNRVQT FG EKXKVCU #NVGPDWTI (F )QVJC $GTIJCWU C #DD 4ÌDNKV\

RKGEG KP *QCTF )QVJC 6JG YJQNG RKGEG KP OWU )QVJC VJG KP OWU $TWPUYKEM 6JG KP %CV $WEJGPCW

PQ $GTIJCWU CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ .QDFGDWTI YJKEJ UGGOU TGCUQPCDNG CU C NQV QH UCORNGU YGTG UVTWEM HQT *CTVOCPP + QH .QDFGDWTI $QVJ 4ÌDNKV\ CPF 5VGIWYGKV CNUQ CVVTKDWVG VJKU EQKP VQ .QDFGDWTI 6JÒTKPIGT $TCMVGCVGP R 6JG *QTUGOCP $TCEVGCVU 6JG HKTUV UCORNG DTCEVGCVG VJCV .WVGIGT OCPWHCEVWTGF KU VJG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG WPFGT PQ /QTG QH VJGUG CTG MPQYP YKVJ YJKEJ JG RTQDCDN[ UQWIJV VQ DTKPI JKU CTVKUVT[ VQ CVVGPVKQP KP C NCTIG UECNG OCPPGT +V PGXGTVJGNGUU UGGOU VQ JCXG JCF QPN[ OQFGUV UWEEGUU 1PN[ CV VJG GPF QH JKU ECTGGT FKF JG RTGUGPV VJG PQU CPF VQ VJG NCPFITCXGU QH 6JWTKPIKC YJKEJ YQP JKO VJGKT QTFGTU 6JCV VJGUG VYQ CTG DQVJ CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OKPV )QVJC UWRRQTVU VJG VJGQT[ VJCV .WVGIGTŉU OKPV YCU DCUGF KP )QVJC FWTKPI VJG NCVGT RCTV QH JKU ECTGGT 'CUV 6JÒTKPIGP 1TNCOÒPFG QT 5EJYCT\DWTI (KTUV 4GKVGTDTCMVGCV QH .WVGIGT .86')'4 Ő /' Ő ('%+6 Ő #'%

#'% #NV'PDWT% %H (F )QVJC PKGV KP (WPF $GTIJCWU J #DD $GTIGT 5NI .ÌDDGEMG CPF 5NI X )TCDC OWU /ÒPEJGP GZ G C 5VGIWYGKV KP 6JÒTKPIKUEJG $TCMVGCVGP 6JKU V[RG KU MPQYP OQTG URGEKOGPU QH KV GZKUV $GTIJCWU RWVU C SWGUVKQP OCTM PGZV VQ DQVJ 5EJYCT\DWTI CPF 1TNCOÒPFG UVKNN JG OCTMU 5EJYCT\DWTI CU JKU HKTUV EJQKEG 6JCV VJKU RKGEG FGURKVG KVU QEEWTKPI C PWODGT QH VKOGU YCU PQV EQPVCKPGF KP VJG JQCTF )QVJC EQPUVKVWVGU GXKFGPEG VQ O[ OKPF QH CP GCTN[ FC[U OKPV UVWFKQ KP #NVGPDWTI QT ,GPC 6JÒTKPIGP .WFYKI +++ EC )QVJC! 806')'4Ő .86')'4 Ő /' Ő ('%+6 Ő &'# (F )QVJC GZ $GTIJCWU M #DD 6JÒTKPIGP .WFYKI +++ EC )QVJC! 0Q .86')'4 NGIGPF -TCPKEJ QXGT JQTUG (F )QVJC GZ $GTIJCWU K #DD .GIGPF Ő .8&'88+%8 U Ő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

272

MONEYER / DIE CUTTER

*CTVOCPP + XQP .QDFGDWTI ,GPC 0Q NGIGPF -TCPKEJ N DWUV T .WVGIGT! (F )QVJC GZ $GTIJCWU D #DD 4ÌDNKV\ $QVJ 4ÌDNKV\ CPF 5VGIWYGKV 6JWTKPIKCP $TCEVGCVGU CVVTKDWVG VJKU VQ ,GPC *CTVOCPP + XQP .QDFGDWTI ,GPC &#+085 *#4 .86')' #.6' '8 &QOKPWU *CTVPCOOWU .WVGIGT #NVGP DWTI (F )QVJC GZ JCOOGTGF JCNXGF $GTIJCWU F #DD 4ÌDNKV\ /CTITCXG 1VVQ FGT 4GKEJG XQP /GKUUGP -CODGTI /#4%*+1 1661 %*#$84)'05+5 .86')'4 /' (F )QVJC GZ GP JCNXG $GTIJCWU N #DD .ÌDDGEMG JQTUGOCP DTCEVGCVG JCU C UKOKNCT YTKVKPI ő %*#+ő CPF KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ .WVGIGT VJGTG #TEJDKUJQR %JTKUVKCP XQP $WEJ 'THWTV .86')'4 Ő &' Ő #.&'0$84 % /' ('%+6 Ő (F )QVJC $GTIJCWU H #DD 5VGIWYGKV 6JKU DTCEVGCVG YCU EQPVKPWGF YKVJ C URNGPFKF KFGPVKECN URGEKOGP QH %JTKUVKCP QH $WEJ *QCTF )QVJC *CTVOCPP + XQP .QDFGDWTI ,GPC *#46/#0085 &' .1$&'$74% .86')'4 /' %H (F )QVJC R WPFGT M $GTIJCWU E #DD 4ÌDNKV\ 'ORGTQT (TKGFTKEJ + EC 5CCNHGNF .86')'4 Ő /' ('%+6 Ő &#6'0 &#6'0 &G #N6'0DWTG %H (F )QVJC PKGV KP (WPF $GTIJCWU I #DD /WU /ÒPEJGP GZ G C $WEJGPCW KP *QCTF )QVJC CVVTKDWVGU VQ (TGFGTKEM + KP 5CCNHGNF CEEQORCPKGF D[ C SWGUVKQP OCTM 0CW KP <F5V

KU KP FQWDV DGVYGGP 5CCNHGNF CPF #NVGPDWTI 5VGIWYGKV CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ #NVGPDWTI $GTIJCWU VQQ YJKEJ + DGNKGXG FQGU LWUVKEG VQ VJG UV[NG 6JG FGRKEVKQP QH VJG GORGTQT QP C VJTQPG YKVJ KPUKIPKC EJCTCEVGTKUVKECN QH #NVGP DWTI YCU CFQRVGF D[ 5CCNHGNF KP 5VGIWYGKV VJGTGHQTG TGHGTU VQ VJG ŋ#NVGPDWTI 5CCNHGNF MKPIŉU V[RGŌ

6JÒTKPIKUEJG $TCMVGCVGP R 1PG QH VJG TGCUQPU VJCV $WEJGPCW CVVTKDWVGF VJKU V[RG VQ 5CCNHGNF YCU VJCV JG DGNKGXGF KVU NQIKECN EQPUGSWGPEG K G VJCV VJG EQKP DGCTKPI (84+6+)*'4 $+6'4 5#.( KU CP KOKVCVKQP QH VJKU EQKP VQ DG VTWG *GTG KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ 5CCNHGNF HKTUVN[ DGECWUG KP VJG #NVGPDWTI OGVJQF YCU CFQRVGF KP 5CCNHGNF CPF UGEQPFN[ DGECWUG KV DGCTU C FQWDNG INQDWU ETWEKIGT ETQYPGF YKVJ C NKU YJKEJ KU EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT 5CCNHGNF ETQYPGF YKVJ C RQKPV ETQUU QT C UVCT

273

ALTENBURG 5/#..'4 $4#%6'#6'5 9+6* 2'45105 5+66+0) 14 56#0&+0) +P CFFKVKQP VQ VJGUG NCTIG DTCEVGCVGU VJGTG KU C PWODGT QH QVJGT DTCEVGCVGU VJCV OGPVKQP VJG PCOG QH .WVGIGT 6JGUG V[RGU FKHHGT HTQO VJG RTGEGFKPI QPGU PQV QPN[ DGECWUG QH VJGKT HQTOCV DWV CNUQ DGECWUG QH VJGKT UV[NG VJG QPN[ GZ EGRVKQP RGTJCRU DGKPI PQ 4WIIGT ++ (WNFC .86')' 5 )CGVVGPU $GTIJCWU R #DD 9GNVNKEJGT KO OKVVNGTGP 5CCNGIGDKGV .QDFGDWTI! .86')'4 /' ('%+6 %H (F )QVJC QPFGT R RCI $GTIJCWU G #DD 5IN .ÌDD $GTIGT #NVGPDWTI (F #EMGTOCPP 5NI X )TCDC %H /GPCFKGT &/ ++ 0CEJVTCI 5 #IPGU ++ )GTC EC .86')'4 /' ('%+6 Ő <KG (F )QVJC R PKGV KP (WPF $GTIJCWU P #DD 5VGIWYGKV /GJN R (F 5GGIC D 6CH C D 'Z &TGUFGP GP )QVJC WKV (F 5GGIC *GT\QIVWO #PJCNV -ÌVJGP .86')'4 /' ('%+6 Ő .6 Ő ' 0QV KP (F )QVJC $GTIJCWU Q #DD $WEJGPCW (F )QVJC WPFGT S QP R +P VJG (F )QVJC QP R WPFGT N KU QPG V[RG YKVJ -TCPKEJ HTQO VJG (F 4WFQNUVCFV OGPVKQPGF .86')'4 /' ('%+6 OC[DG 86'6 $GTIJCWU O #DD $WEJGPCW -CODGTI .QDFGDWTI 1TNCOÒPFG 6JG CTVKUCP #NQPI YKVJ VJGUG PCOGU KPFKECVKQPU QH C OQPG[GT FKG EWVVGT XCPKUJGF CNVQIGVJGT 2GTJCRU QPEG OQTG C UKOKNCT HKIWTG TGXGCNGF JKOUGNH KP VJG HQTO QH VJG ŋUOCNN HCEGUŌ KP VJG NGVVGTU QH VJG NGIGPF UGG WPFGT *CKPCWV 0QV WPVKN VJG GPF QH VJG /KFFNG #IGU FQ YG HKPF UQOGVKOGU XGT[ OQFGUV UKIPU QH OQPG[GTU FKG EWVVGTU

#.6'0$74) (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CESWKTGF VJG JGTKVCDNG NCPFU QH %QWPV 4CDQFQ QH #DGPUDGTI KP VJG 2NGKUUGPNCPF CICKPUV RC[OGPV QP YJKEJ NC[ VJG EKV[ QH #NVGPDWTI #NVGPDWTI YCU VJG EGPVTG CPF VJG OCKP OKPV QH VJG KORGTKCN RQUUGUUKQPU KP 2NGKUUGPNCPF CPF YCU HCXQWTGF GURGEKCNN[ D[ VJG GORGTQT /KPVKPI KP #NVGPDWTI UVCTVGF QP ,CPWCT[ QT HTQO CU UQOG RGQRNG ENCKO 6JCV (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC YQWNF HGCVWTG QP VJG EQKPU YCU ENGCT 9G RQUUGUU /WU )QVJC C UCORNG URGEKOGP QH .WVGIGTŉU UGG PQ KP VJG CDQXG QXGTXKGY YJKEJ ENGCTN[ TGCFU .86')'4 Ő /' Ő ('%+6 Ő &#6'0 6JKU UCORNG EQKP CFQRVU VJG GZCEV UCOG GHHKI[ QH CP #NVGPDWTI EQKP PQ DWV VJG CVVTKDWVGU NKU DTCPEJ CPF INQDWU ETWEKIGT UYKVEJ RNCEGU CPF VYQ VQYGTU CTG CFFGF .WVGIGT YCU TGPQYPGF HQT VJG HKPG NC[ QWV QH VJG HKGNF YJKEJ JG CEJKGXGF 'URGEKCNN[ VJG JGCFU CTG VJG UCOG 6JG NGVVGTU VQQ CTG VJG UCOG VQ O[ OKPF RQQTN[ XKUKDNG QP VJG .WVGIGT URGEKOGP 5GG VJG 4 KP RCT VKEWNCT .WVGIGT RTGUWOCDN[ UVCTVGF EWVVKPI FKGU CTQWPF 6JG YGKIJV QH JKU UCORNG URGEKOGP KU I CPF HKVU VJG UV[NG QH VJG QVJGT VYQ URGEKOGPU YKVJ DTQCFGT JGCFU RGTHGEVN[ PQU CPF 274

ALTENBURG

&GVCKN

6JG URGEKOGP VJCV YCU GXGPVWCNN[ UVTWEM PQ YCU EQPUKFGTCDN[ JGCXKGT $QVJ URGEKOGPU PQU CPF CTG RTGUWOCDN[ OCPWHCEVWTGF RTKQT VQ .WVGIGTŉU FC[U 6JG UVWFKQ OWUV JCXG CNTGCF[ JCF GZ EGNNGPV FKG EWVVGTU CV YQTM DGHQTG .WVGIGT 2GTJCRU KV YCU CNTGCF[ NGF D[ .WVGIGT CPF JG VQQM WR WUKPI UCORNGU NCVGT

4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG +ORGTKCN OKPV (4+'&4+%* +

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD KP SWCVTGHQKN $GTIGT 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'FIG HCWNV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*Ì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ŋ'KPGU FGT CNNGTHGKPUVGP 5VÒEMG FGWVUEJGT $TCMVGCVGPMWPUVŌ 1PG QH VJG HKPGUV GZCORNGU QH )GTOCP DTCEVGCVG CTV *QCTF 4QFGYKV\ 6CH PQ $GTIGT ENCUUGU KV WPFGT 5CCNHGNF JG CNUQ TGHGTU VQ VJG *QCTF 4QFGYKV\ CPF PCOGU %QNN .ÌDDGEMG #NVGPDWTI CPF )CGVVGPU (WNFC +P JKU DQQM QP (WNFC )CGVVGPU GPFGCXQWTGF VQ RNCEG VJKU EQKP KP (WNFC DWV VJKU OWUV DG TGLGEVGF

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VCDQWTGV VYQ ETQUUGU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU KP HKGNF QP VJG GFIG ( 4 + & ' 4 % 8 5 + / 2 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ (F )QVJC

275

ALTENBURG

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP CTEJ YKVJ NKQPŉU JGCFU CPPWNGV N KP HKGNF RGNNGV DGVYGGP VJG HGGV (4+&'4+%85 +02'4#614 '6 5'0 $GTIGT EH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 9GNN UVTWEM EQORNGVGN[ XKUKDNG URGEKOGP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5-# $GTP (F )QVJC ,WUV CU YKVJ PQ YG HKPF VJG FQWDNG INQDWU ETWEKIGT JGTG YJKEJ KU TGOKPKUEGPV QH 5CCNHGNF ETQYPGF YKVJ C ETQUU

*'+04+%* 8+

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP CTEJ VYQ CPPWNGVU CPF VYQ RGNNGVU KP HKGNF $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH (TKGFTKEJ ++ 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP VCDQWTGV DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU +PKVKCNG J CDQXG T 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG EH IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

X 5VQEMWO FGP *CCI #WEVKQP CRT PQ 'Z *WNUJQH 2QNN EQNNGEVKQP (F 5GGIC

X 5VQEMWO FGP *CCI #WEVKQP CRT PQ 'Z *WNUJQH 2QNN EQNNGEVKQP 6JG GORGTQT CRRGCTU VQ DG UGCVGF QP C VCDQWTGV KP VJG *QCTF 5GGIC $WEJGPCW ECNNU KV C -NCRRUVWJN (QT C UKOKNCT RKGEG QH HWTPKVWTG UGG CNUQ PQ #DDG[ QH 0QTFJCWUGP %GEKNKC 6JG YTKVKPI KU YJQNN[ DNWPFGTGF +P *QCTF 5GGIC $WEJGPCW RTQXKFGU *+%*80 &%048% CPF EQOOGPVU CU HQNNQYU ŋ&KG .GIGPFG GTYGEMV FGP #PUEJGKP YKG YGPP UKG CWU *'+04+%85 QFGT ·JPNKEJ &'0#4+85 XGTFGTDV UGK FQEJ MCPP FKGUGT #PUEJGKP V·WUEJGP WPF FKGU )GRT·IG GTUV WPVGT -ÌPKI 2JKNKRR GPVUVCPFGP UGKPŌ 6JG NGIGPF CRRGCTU VQ DG C DNWPFGTGF HQTO QH *'+04+%85 QT UKOKNCT &'0#4+85 JQYGXGT VJKU CRRGCTCPEG OKIJV FGEGKXG CPF VJKU HCDTKE VJWU OKIJV YGNN PQV JCXG DGGP UVTWEM WPVKN -KPI 2JKNKR %QNN .ÌDDGEMG (F 5GGIC C TKPI KPUVGCF QH VJG OQPQITCO +P VJG *QCTF 5GGIC WPFGT PQ C UKPING URGEKOGP QEEWTU YKVJ VJG UCOG OQPQITCO YJKEJ RTQORVU $WEJGPCW VQ EQOOGPV ŋYQJN MCWO <WUCOOGPUGV\WPI XQP 2JKNKRR 2JKNKRRWU!Ō VJKU ECP JCTFN[ DG C EQNNQECVKQP QH 2JKNKRR 2JKNKRRWU 6JG PQ 5GGIC DGCTU C ITGCV TGUGODNCPEG VQ 5GGIC

276

ALTENBURG - SAALFELD

1P VJG DGVTQVJCN QH JKU FCWIJVGT /CTICTGVG (TGFGTKEM ++ DGUVQYGF VJG UWO QH OCTMU UKNXGT QP VJG EQWRNG 6Q DG CDNG VQ TCKUG VJKU OQPG[ JG ICXG #NDGTVŉU HCVJGT *GPT[ VJG +NWUVTKQWU /CTITCXG QH /GKU UGP VJG EKVKGU QH #NVGPDWTI %JGOPKV\ CPF <YKEMCW CU YGNN CU VJG 2NGKUUGPNCPF CU C NKGP +P #NDGTV VQQM RQUUGUUKQP QH #NVGPDWTI CPF TGUKFGF VJGTG HTQO VQ 6JGP -KPI 4WFQNH + WTIGF JKO VQ TGVWTP KV +P %JGOPKV\ CPF <YKEMCW YGTG RNGFIGF CU NKGPU VQ -KPI 9GPEGUNCU QH $QJGOKC #HVGT VJG $CVVNG CV .WEMC KP VJG VGTKVQTKGU COQPI VJGO #NVGPDWTI FGHKPKVKXGN[ HGNN VQ VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP

*'+04+%* FGT '4.#7%*6' #U C NKGP QH VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP

$TCMVGCV EC # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ UEGRVTGU VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK EH IT 44 5NKIJVGN[ EQCTUG UWTHCEG QVJGTYKUG DTQCF CPF HCWNVNGUU URGEKOGP CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z )ÌV\ EQNNGEVKQP

5##.('.& 5CCNHGNF YG HKTUV GPEQWPVGT KP KP C EJCTVGT QH -KPI #TPWNH .CVGT VJG FWMGU QH $C[GTP 5CCNHGNF WUGF KV KP VJG DCVVNG CICKPUV 1VVQ + *GPT[ ++ ICXG 5CCNHGNF VQ VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPG QH .QTTCKPG '\\Q YJQ YQWNF FKG VJGTG KP CPF NGCXG KV VQ JKU FCWIJVGT 4KEJG\C YKHG QH VJG 2QNKUJ MKPI /KGUMQ +P 4KEJG\C EGFGF 5CCNHGNF CPF %QDWTI VQ #TEJDKUJQR #PPQ QH %QNQIPG 4KEJG\C FKGF KP KP 5CCNHGNF 5CCNHGNFŉ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

277

SAALFELD

4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG HTQO (4+'&4+%* +

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ QTD CPF UEGRVTG KP SWCVTGHQKN Q Q Q Q QP VJG GFIG (74+6*+)'4 $+6'4 5#.( $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 9G MPQY VJKU V[RG VJTQWIJ VJG JQCTF QH 7PVGTNQSWKV\ PGCT 5CCNHGNF KP 6JG YGKIJV KU HCKTN[ JKIJ (F )QVJC %QNN *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD UGCVGF QP CTEJ $GTIGT (TKGFTKEJ ++ 5NI $QPJQHH 1VVQ +8 5NI .ÌDDGEMG (TKGFTKEJ ++ IT (NCPJQNG CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ FCTM RCVKPC

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JG JGCF KU PCTTQY JGTG CU KP PQ 6JG EQKP KP JCPF ECP DG CUUWOGF VQ NKG PGCT VQ VJG VJCV KP VKOG 6JCV OCMGU 1VVQ +8 VQQ HCT CYC[ +V CNUQ UGGOU VJCV VJGTG CTG VTCEGU QH VGZV UWEJ CU VJG DGIKPPKPI NGVVGT ( CPF 5CNH JCNHYC[ VJTQWIJ /C[DG KV KU RTGHGTCDNG VQ CVVTKDWVG VJKU EQKP VQ (TGFGTKEM + KP VJG RGTKQF CHVGT PQ CPF VJWU PQV HCT DGHQTG 6JG YGKIJV KU NQYGT VJCP QH PQ YJKEJ KU XGT[ YGNN RQUUKDNG CU VJG KOKVCVKQPU QH UCORNGU CNYC[U JCF C NQYGT YGKIJV 6JG PGZV EQKP JCU C FKUVKPEVN[ NQYGT YGKIJV CPF HQTOU VJG VTCPUKVKQPCN NKPM VQ VJG YGKIJVU QH UWDUGSWGPV EQKPU

4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG CU C NKGP QH VJG EQWPVU QH 5EJYCT\DWTI (4+'&4+%* ++

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ QTD CPF UEGRVTG DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP %0) .CPECUVGT #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU FQGU PQV FGRKEV C NKQPŉU VJTQPG CP[OQTG VJQWIJ KVU VJTQPG KU QTPCOGPVGF 6JG JGCF KU PQY OWEJ DTQCFGT VJCP KP VJG ECUG QH VJG PQU CPF RWVVKPI VJKU EQKP KP CPQVJGT RGTKQF ENGCTN[

278

SAALFELD

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD OCFG QH EKTENG YKVJ ETQUU KP KV QP VYQ RGNNGVU $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 6JTQPG GPFU KP C EKTENG YKVJ C FQV KP KV 6JG VJTQPG DGEQOGU KPETGCUKPIN[ UKORNGT CPF KP VJG ECUG QH VJG PGZV PQ KV JCU FKUCRRGCTGF CNVQIGVJGT $TQCF JGCF

$TCMVGCV # 'ORGTQT HCEKPI YKVJ QTD OCFG QH VYQ DCNNU YKVJ UVCT QP VQR CPF UEGRVTG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'FIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG YKVJ DNCEM RCVKPC

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 0Q VJTQPG QTPCOGPVCVKQP 6JG YGKIJV KU UKIPKHKECPVN[ NQYGT VJCP VJCV QH RTGEGFKPI EQKPU YJKEJ ECPPQV DG ECWUGF D[ VJG FCOCIGF GFIG CNQPG VJGTGHQTG RTGUWOCDN[ QH C NCVGT RGTKQF +V CICKP UJQYU VJG DTQCFGT JGCF %QNN $CJTHGNF PQ TGHGTGPEG FGGOU VJG SWCNKV[ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG %QNN (TKGFGPUDWTI TGHGTU VQ CTQWPF SWCNKV[ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF UJCTR (F X )TQUU -COUFQTH $N H /Ã&#x2019;P\HT 6

5VCFV *QJNRHGPPKI CHVGT # 6YQ HKUJGU DGVYGGP * CPF 5 QP VJG GFIG + 5#.8'.6 2QUGTP -NGVV IT 8GT[ HKPG

9KPVGT &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

279

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Ŏ CPF QPG %QWPV $WTEJCTF QH VJG *QWUG 9GVVKP Ŏ $QVJ NKPGU KPVGTVYKPGF 5KIHTKGFŉ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

$74%*#4& +

$TCMVGCV 'KUNGDGP # #TOQWTGF EQWPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF T DGVYGGP VYQ DTCPEJGU 6QTPCW C IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG /KPQT HNCP FGHGEV CPF UOCNN GFIG DTGCM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP QH VJKU GZVTGOGN[ TCTG DTCEVGCV YKVJ VJG FTCYKPI QH C EQWPV 5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z (F 5GGIC PQ KNNWUVTCVGF 'Z $WEJGPCW EQNNGEVKQP %CJP #WEVKQP 'Z 8QIGN EQNNGEVKQP *GUU (TCPMHWTV PQ 'Z *QHHOCPP EQNNGEVKQP *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP PT 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 1H VJKU V[RG QPN[ C UKPING URGEKOGP KP VJG JQCTF QH 5GGIC CPF VYQ JCNXGU +P VJG JQCTF QH 5GGIC VJGTG YGTG V[RGU YKVJ C YCNMKPI QT UVCPFKPI EQWPV 'CEJ QPG FKHHGTGPV VYQ YKVJ C YCNMKPI EQWPV CPF QPG YKVJ C UVCPFKPI EQWPV 1H GCEJ QPG QPN[ QPG URGEKOGP 6JGTG YCU CNUQ C URGEKOGP QH VJKU V[RG

6QTPCW C KP VJG JQCTF QH 0QTFJCWUGP YJQNN[ ETWORNGF URGEKOGP +P /GTVGPU VJGTG KU C RKEVWTG QH C DGVVGT URGEKOGP YJKEJ KU CNUQ PQV VJG OQUV DGCWVKHWN QH EQKPU VCMGP HTQO VJG /ÒP\MCDKPGVV KP $GTNKP 6GZV KP (WPF XQP 5GGIC ō&GT )TCH XQP XQTPG IGUGJGP OKV UGKVNKEJ IG\GKEJPGVGO -QRHG OKV $ÒIGNJCWDG ÒDGT FGT -CRW\G 2CP\GT OKV 2GTNTGKJWPIGP \YKUEJGP 3WGTUV·DEJGP FGT N IGJCNVGPG IGYÌNDVG 5EJKNF OKV UVCTM XQTURTKPIGP FGO $WEMGN WPF 2GTNTCPF KUV TGIGNTGEJV IGTCWVGV CP FGP $GKPGP 3WGTUEJKGPGP \YKUEJGP -ÒIGNEJGP WPF 5VCEJGN URWTGP KP FGT 4GEJVGP FCU UGKVNKEJ IGUEJYWPIGPG 5EJYGTV + ( \YGK URCTTKIG $·WOEJGP CWH MWT\GP JCNDMTGKUDÌIGP 2GTNTGKH #WGP XKGT NCPIDGHWUUVG SWCFTCVKUEJG -TGW\EJGP \YKUEJGP XKGT 4QUGVVGPT·FEJGP ŋ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

280

MANSFELD

$TCMVGCV 'KUNGDGP # /QWPVGF EQWPV N YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV T DTCPEJ N QP VJG GFIG a a a a 6QTPCW IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z (F 5GGIC PQ KNNWUVTCVGF 'Z *QHHOCPP EQNNGEVKQP *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP +P VJG JQCTF QH 5GGIC YGTG URGEKOGPU VYQ GPVKTG QPGU QPG QH YJKEJ KU RTGUGPVN[ KP )QVJC 0Q HWTVJGT URGEK OGPU HQWPF KP QVJGT JQCTFU 6GZV YKVJ (WPF 5GGIC ō4GKVGT NKPMUJKP OKV $CPPGT PKGFTKIGT *CWDG IGTCWVGVGO 1XCNUEJKNF OKV 5EJKNFHGUUGN KP 8QTFGTCPUKEJV + ( XQTPG FTGKVGKNKIGT <YGKI OKV MWIGNHÌTOQIGP 'PFGP JKPVGP GKP 4KPI OKV +PPGPRWPMV 2GTNTGKH 6TWIUEJTKHV &TGK <·RHEJGP ++8++8 8+ JKGTÒDGT FGT 2HGTFGUEJYGKH GKPITCXKGTV 1++8++8++8++8++8++ GNH <·RHEJGP 2GTN WPF .KPKGPTGKH #WGP XKGT -WIGNMTGW\G CDYGEJUGNPF OKV XKGT -WIGNP <W DGCEJVGP FKG $KNFWPI FGT /·JPG YKG DGK 0WOOGT WPF UQYKG 0WOOGT #TPUVGKP ŋ JQTUGOCP VQ VJG NGHV HN[KPI C DCPPGT NQY UEWNNECR EJGESWGTGF QXCN UJKGNF YKVJ VJG UVTCR UGGP QP VJG HTQPV + ( HTQPV VTKRCTVKVG DTCPEJ YKVJ INQDWNCT GZVTGOKVKGU DGJKPF C TKPI YKVJ C FQV KP KV DQTFGT QH FQVU DNWPFGTGF NGIGPF 6JTGG EQPGU ++8++8 8+ GPITCXGF QXGT VJG JQTUG VCKN 1++8++8++8++8++8++ GNGXGP EQPGU $QTFGT QH FQVU CPF NKPGU 1P VJG QWVUKFG HQWT URJGTKECN ETQUUGU CNVGTPCVKPI YKVJ URJGTGU 6JG TGPFGTKPI QH VJG OCPGU CTG PQVGYQTVJ[ CU KP PWODGTU CPF CU YGNN CU #TPUVGKP 6JG DTCPEJ KP HTQPV QH VJG JQTUGOCPŉU JGCF KU VJG UCOG CU YG HKPF QP PQ

$TCMVGCV 'KUNGDGP # /QWPVGF EQWPV T YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF TJQODG DGJKPF JKO Ő 0+% Ő $GTIGT 6QTPCW IT 4 /KPQT GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 0QV KP 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI #NGTVUGFGT 6JG KPUETKRVKQP 0+% KU WPGZRNCKPGF )TQVG TGCFU KV CU 0+% 0+)GPDQTI 0GWGPDWTI 6JKU RKGEG DGCTU C ITGCV TGUGODNCPEG VQ C DTCEVGCVG QH $GTPJCTF + QH 5CZQP[ #PJCNV 6JGTGHQTG KV KU UWURGEVGF VQ UVGO HTQO VJG NCUV [GCTU QH $WTEJCTF 5GG CNUQ VJG EQOOGPV YKVJ PQ 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ /GKUUGP

5/#.. $4#%6'#6'5 (41/ /#05('.&

*QJNRHGPPKI # 5JKGNF QH /CPUHGNF WPFGT Q / Q CPF DGVYGGP VYQ TQUGVVGU 6QTPCW C IT 8GT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU CPF VJG HQNNQYKPI PQ CTG *QJNRHGPPKIG KP CP GNGEVQTCVG 5CZQPKCP UV[NG

281

MANSFELD - QUERFURT

*QJNRHGPPKI # 5JKGNF QH /CPUHGNF WPFGT Q / Q CPF DGVYGGP VYQ TJQODGU 6QTPCW F IT 8GT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

*'4'&+6#4; 47.'45 +0 6*' 5744170&+0) 1( /#05('.&

$TCMVGCV VJ EGPVWT[ # #TOQWTGF EQWPV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UEGRVTG 6QTPCW IT 5JQTVGPGF GFIGU CPF UOCNN DTGCMU GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP %QNN $CJTHGNF *GUU PQ C RTGUWOCDN[ FKG KFGPVKECN URGEKOGP 6JG PCOG &[PCUVGP FGT /CPUHGNFGT )GIGPF *GTGFKVCT[ 4WNGTU KP VJG UWTTQWPFKPI QH /CPUHGNF KU CFQRVGF HTQO $CJTHGNFV

'&'.*'44'0 QH 37'4(746 (TQO VJG WTDU %WTPHWTFGDWTI OGPVKQPGF KP C UGVVNGOGPV CTQUG KP VJG 1VVQPKCP CIG #V CTQWPF VJG OKIJV[ ECUVNG DGECOG VJG HCOKN[ ECUVNG QH VJG 'FGNJGTTGP QH 3WGTHWTV YJQ YGTG XCUUCNU QH VJG CTEJ DKUJQRU QH /CIFGDWTI (TQO VJG *QWUG 3WGTHWTV URTCPI VJG [QWPIGT DTCPEJ QH VJG EQWPVU QH /CPUHGNV KP 6JKU JQWUG DGECOG GZVKPEV KP VJG UOCNNGT TGIKQP FGXQNXKPI VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRU QH /CIFGDWTI

)'$*#4& 8+

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF JGCF N 38'4 81 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

)'$*#4& 8++

$TCMVGCV # %CUVNG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QP CTEJ $GTIGT IT

4 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG KU QPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 0GDTC VJKU KU PQ KP VJG JQCTF URGEKOGP 5GG 5VGIWYGKV &GT $TCEVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0GDTC YJGTG VJG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP ECP DG HQWPF EH (WPF 5EJCFGNGDGP ō6JQT OKV \YGK <KPPGPVJÒTOGP WPVGT FGUUGP IGDTQEJGPGO 5EJYKDDQIGP GKP UGEJUUVTCJNKIGU 5VGTPEJGP QFGT 4QUGVVG % 2 % 5EJÌPGOCPP CNU $GCTDGKVGT FGU (WPFGU 5EJCFGNGDGP NGIVG FKGUGP 6[R XGTUWEJUYGKUG PCEJ 9KVVGP DGTI &GT #TEJKVGMVWTV[R GTKPPGTV CO GJGUVGP CP $TCMVGCVGP FGU (WPFGU $ÒPUVQTH FKG *CV\ 5 HH FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG *CODWTI CWU FGP GTUVGP ,CJT\GJPVGP FGU ,J \WYGKUV &CPPGPDGTI (WPF $ÒPUVQTH 5 H JCVVG LGPG )TWRRG YGKVGT PCEJ FGO 1UVGP DKU PCEJ 2QOOGTP XGTYKGUGP LGFQEJ GKPIGT·WOV FCUU YGKVGTG UQTIUCOG $GQDCEJVWPIGP FWTEJ INÒEMNKEJG (WPFG WPVGTUVÒV\V FKG 'PVUEJGKFWPI DTKPIGP YGTFGP $CJTHGNF 0KGFGTNCW UKV\ ++ *GHV 5 WPF 6CH :+8 YKGU FKGUGP 6[R FGT 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ KO CNNIGOGKPGP \W ŋ )CVG YKVJ VYQ GODCVVNGF VQYGTU WPFGT KVU DTQMGP HN[KPI DWVVTGUU C UOCNN UKZ TC[GF UVCT QT TQUGVVG % 2 % 5EJQPGOCPP KP EJCTIG QH VJG JQCTF 5EJCFGNGDGP JC\CTFGF CP CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU V[RG VQ 9KVVGPDGTI 6JG UV[NG QH CTEJKVGEVWTG OQUV TGUGODNGU DTCEVGCVGU QH VJG JQCTF $ÒPUVQTH ņ VJCV KP YGTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OKPV *CODWTI D[ *CV\ R GV UGSS &CPPGPDGTI (WPF $ÒPUVQTH R GV UGS RNCEGF VJKU ITQWR ňHWTVJGT GCUV WR WPVKN 2QOGTCPKCŉ JCF JQYGXGT CNNQYGF HQT VJG HCEV ň VJCV HWTVJGT ECTGHWN QDUGTXCVKQP EKTEWOUVCPVKCVGF D[ HQTVWPCVG HKPFU YKNN RTQXG FGEKUKXGŉ $CJTHGNF 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ ++PF KUUWG R CPF 6CH :+8 CVVTKDWVGF VJKU V[RG VQ 0KGFGTNCW UKV\ KP IGPGTCN 6JKU NCUV CVVTKDWVKQP YCU CFQRVGF D[ VJG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV

282

QUERFURT - VARGULA

$TCMVGCV # *GNOGV YKVJ VYQ JQTPU CPF UJKGNF QH 3WGTHWTV DGVYGGP VJGO $GTIGT IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ NKU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU $GTIGT IT 44 /KPQT GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG KU QPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 0GDTC VJKU KU PQ KP VJG JQCTF URGEKOGP %H (WPF )GTDUVGFV *GNOGV YKVJ DWHHCNQ JQTPU DWV YKVJQWV EQCV QH CTOU YKVJ HGUU %H DTCEVGCVG KP #TEJKX +++ R 6H

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG KU QPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 0GDTC VJKU KU PQ KP VJG JQCTF URGEKOGPU Ō&GT 6[R KUV KP FGT -QORQUKVKQP XGTYCPFV OKV FGO (WPF $QTPG 'T\DKUEJQH 9KNNGDTCPF XQP -·HGTPDWTI &QTV CDGT FCU $TWUVDKNF OKV GKPURKV\KIGT /KVTC -TWOOUVCD WPF -TGW\UVCDŋ #U TGICTFU KVU EQORQUKVKQP VJKU V[RG KU TGNCVGF VQ VJG JQCTF $QTPG #TEJDKUJQR 9KNNGDTCPF QH /CIFGDWTI HTQO 5VGIWYGKV

5%*'0-'0 QH 8#4)7.# 6JG EQKPU HQWPF KP VJG JQCTF 0GDTC KPFKECVG VJG NKPG 0GDTC QH VJG *QWUG 5EJGPMGP QH 8CTIWNC C JQWUG VJCV QTKIKPCNN[ YCU HTQO 5CN\C .CPIGPUCN\C .CVGT YG GPEQWPVGT VJGUG 5EJGPMGP KP 6CWVGPDGTI PGCT ,GPC CU QYPGTU QH VJG ECUVNG 5CCNGEM 6JG 5EJGPMGP %QPTCF CPF &KGVTKEJ TGEGKXGF VJG EKV[ 0GDTC CU C UWDHKGH QH VJG 'FGNJGTTGP QH 3WGTHWTV KP CPF JGPEGHQTVJ ECNNGF VJGOUGNXGU ŋ5EJGPMGP QH 0GDTCŌ 6JG JQCTF QH 0GDTC 5VGIWYGKV &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0GDTC YCU HQWPF KP CPF DWTKGF CTQWPF +V EQPVCKPGF RKGEGU VJG 0GDTC EQKPU VJG OQUV KORQTVCPV QPGU 6JKU JQCTF DTQWIJV WR C ITGCV PWODGT QH EQKPU VJCV JCF DGGP WPMPQYP RTGXKQWUN[ 6JG JQCTF YCU EQORQUGF QH 5EJGPMGP QH 8CTIWNC V[RGU OKPV 0GDTC YJQNG URGEKOGPU CPF JCNXGU 'FGNJGTTGP QH 3WGTHWTV V[RGU OKPV 3WGTHWTV YJQNG CPF JCNH URGEKOGPU 'FGNJGTTGP QH 3WGTHWTV V[RGU WPMPQYP OKPV YJQNG URGEKOGPU CPF JCNH 6JG HQNNQYKPI URGEKOGPU WPMPQYP WR VQ VJCV OQOGPV CTG TGRTGUGPVGF KP VJKU EQNNGEVKQP 8CTIWNC CPF 3WGTHWTV 6JG *QCTF QH 0GDTC KU PQY RCTV QH VJG /WUGWO KP *CNNG 1PN[ VJG JGTG RTGUGPVGF URGEKOGPU CTG KP EQOOGTEG

$TCEVGCV 0GDTC WO # %TQYPGF HKIWTG HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF EWR DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG ŋ2QMCNŌ EWR CTOU QH VJG 8CTIWNC OCKP DTCPEJ EQTTQDQTCVGU VJG 5EJGPMGP DGKPI VJG OKPVKPI NQTFU 6JKU V[RG KU QPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 0GDTC VJKU KU PQ KP VJG JQCTF URGEKOGPU 6JG CXGTCIG YGKIJV QH VJG URGEKOGPU KP VJG JQCTF YCU I VJG JGCXKGUV URGEKOGP YGKIJKPI I 6JKU YGKIJU GXGP OQTG I %QOOGPVCVKQPGU 0WOKUOCVKECG R

$TCMVGCV 0GDTC WO # %TQYPGF HKIWTG HCEKPI YKVJ HNCI CPF EWR IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG KU QPN[ MPQYP HTQO VJG JQCTF QH 0GDTC VJKU KU PQ KP VJG JQCTF URGEKOGPU 0GDTC %QOOGPVCVKQPGU 0WOKUOCVKECG R 1PN[ MPQYP HTQO *QCTF QH 1JTFTWH ++ VJG NGHV JCNH GZENWUKXGN[

283

ARNSTEIN

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Ŏ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ÌDD KP YJKEJ YG UGG CP CFFGF KPPGT DQTFGT QH FQVU CPF HWTVJGT GNCDQTCVKQPU #TQWPF YG CNUQ HKPF VJKU KP *CNDGTUVCFV CPF 3WGFNKPDWTI 6JGUG CFFKVKQPU CPF GNCDQTCVKQPU CTG RCTV QH VJG VTCPUKVKQP VQYCTFU )TQWR 6JG NCTIG GCING YKVJ FKURNC[GF YKPIU CPF VJG VGZV /' (+%+& Ő '46* Ő 8 Ő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

5VGP\GN %CV %CJP *QCTF )QVJC CPF %QNN .ÌDDGMG

284

ARNSTEIN

5VGP\GN CUETKDGU PQ C VQ )QUNCT KP %QNN .ÌDDGMG VJG PQU CPF CTG CUETKDGF VQ VJG NQTFU QH *CF OGTUNGDGP

9#.6*'4 ++

$TCMVGCV *GVVUVGFV )TQWR # 6YQ VQYGTU YKVJ GCING QP CTEJ DGVYGGP VJGO UVCT N CPF T JGCF HCEKPI WPFGT CTEJ 5 5 4'#10őőő $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP VCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z .GLGWPG EQNNGEVKQP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ (F (TGEMNGDGP C %CJP PQ &GURKVG VJG IGPGTCN QRKPKQP HKTUV XQKEGF D[ $WEJGPCW KP *QCTF )QVJC R VJCV VJKU EQKP UJQWNF DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ #TPUVGKP 0CW UVKNN JCPIU QP VQ VJG QNF XKGY +P <F5V (KI KV KU RWV WPFGT CP ŋWPMPQYP OKPV )ÌV VKPIGP )KVVGNFG!Ō 0CW TGHGTU VQ C 9GNH EQKP HTQO 4CXGPUDWTI <F5V (KI YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF CP GCING KP DGVYGGP WPFGT YJKEJ C NKQP DWV CNUQ C EQKP CVVTKDWVGF VQ &WMG 9GNH 8+ CU 8QIV OKPV 5KPFGNHKPIGP <F5V (KI YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF C VQYGT KP DGVYGGP YKVJ C NKQP WPFGTPGCVJ *GTG VQQ VJG NKQP YCU VJQWIJV VQ DG VJG $TWPUYKEM NKQP QH *GPT[ VJG .KQP *QYGXGT VJG CTOU YGTG RQRWNCT KP VJG RGTKQF +P VJGUG [GCTU VJG NKQP EQWNF JCXG JCF GKVJGT C RWTGN[ QTPCOGPVCN OGCPKPI QT U[ODQNKUG EQWTCIG

ŉXKEKV NGQ VJG VTKDW ,WFCŉ $WEJGPCW CUETKDGF VJKU UOCNN JGCF VQ VJG OKPVKPI NQTF DWV VJKU KU CEVWCNN[ JKIJN[ FQWDVCDNG YKVJ TGICTF VQ VJG HKPG RQTVTCKVU QP PQ

285

ARNSTEIN

$TCMVGCV *GVVUVGFV )TQWR # 'CING HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU /' (+&+ 6'46* 8'.*#4 $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 'FIG DTGCM CPF UNKIJVGN[ DGPV 8GT[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z .GLGWPG EQNNGEVKQP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 6JG VGZV KP .GLGWPG YCU /' (+%+& Ő '46 * Ő 8 Ő '.*#4Ő 6JG VGZV KP <F5V YCU /' (+%+& '46* 8'.*#4

$TCMVGCV *GVVUVGFV )TQWR # 'CING DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF HQWT RGNNGVU QP CTEJ $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT (F (TGEMNGDGP

$TCMVGCV *GVVUVGFV )TQWR # 'FKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF CTECFGU GCING QP VQR QH VJG GFKHKEG VYQ HCEGU YKVJKP VJG CTECFGU 9CNVGT CPF 'TOGPICTF $GTIGT 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ (F (TGEMNGDGP 'TOGPICTF 9CNVJGT 6JGTG KU C RCTCNNGN EQKPCIG QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 0KGPDWTI YKVJ CDDQV 8QIV CPF VYQ CPIGNU 0CW HKI

286

NAUMBURG-ZEITZ

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

&+'64+%* +

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU $GTIGT &CP PGPDGTI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6GZV KU DCTGN[ NGIKDNG

7&1 XQP 6*ª4+0)'0

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF UEGRVTG VGTOKPCVKPI KP NKU QPG ETQUU QXGT VJG JCPF $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT X 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP (F )QVJC $WEJGPCW 'THWTV PQ NCVGT VQ 0CWODWTI PQ 7FQ QH 6JWTKPIKC YCU C DTQVJGT QH .QWKU + .CPFITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC

287

NAUMBURG-ZEITZ

9+%*/#00 XQP 5''$74)

$TCMVGCV 5VTGJNC # $KUJQR N YKVJ ETQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 8GT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ +P 5VTGJNC VJG DKUJQRU QH 0CWODWTI OKPVGF VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP &WTKPI VJG FC[U QH 9KEJOCPP QH 5GGDWTI %QPTCF VJG )TGCV YCU OCTITCXG QH /GKUUGP

#HVGT 7FQ QH 3WGTHWTV HTQO VJG *QWUG 3WGTHWTV VJGTG YCU C EGPVWT[ QH 9GVVKP QEEWRCVKQP QH VJG GRKUEQRCN UGG KP 0CWODWTI

$'46*1.& ++ XQP /'+55'0

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR UKVVKPI QP CTEJ HCEKPI YKVJ ECN[Z CPF ETQUU VQMGP N DGPGCVJ VJG JGCF $'4..&1 .&85'2 $GTIGT 5IN $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT X 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP 'Z 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI PQ *GTTP XQP 6CPTQFG /CPGIQNF EH #TEJKX +++ R (F )QVJC &$$ 4GWVPGTT XQP 9G[N IKXGU VJKU RKGEG ŋQPG QH C MKPFŌ 6JKU KU KPEQTTGEV 5GG COQPIUV QVJGTU 5NI .ÌDDGMG YJGTG VJG YTQPI VGZV KU RTQXKFGF CPF VJG EQNNGEVKQP QH VJG &$$ 6JG VGZV QH VJG URGEKOGP QH VJG )GTOCP (GFGTCN $CPM KU GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG VJG[ RTQXKFG VJG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP ŋ&WTEJ UGKPGP $KNFV[R WPF FGP DTGKVGP 4CPF KUV FKG JPNKEJMGKV FKGUGU 2HGPPKIU OKV FGP /GKUUPGT $TCMVGCVGP WP XGTMGPPDCT KP FGTGP 9·JTWPIUDGTGKEJ CWEJ FKG 0CWODWTIGT 2T·IWPIGP IGJÌTGP &GT -GNEJ KP FGT *CPF FGU $KUUEJQHU MQOOV UQPUV PKEJV J·WHKI CWH /ÒP\GP XQT OCP XGTOWVGVG FGUJCND KP FGTCTVKIGP 5VÒEMGP GKPGP DGUQPFGTGP <YGEM GVYC /GUURHGPPKIG 'U FÒTHVG UKEJ JKGT CDGT YKG KP XKGNGP CPFGTGP (·NNGP GJGT WO GKP 7PVGTUEJGKFWPIU OGTMOCN HÒT FKG /ÒP\XGTTWHWPI JCPFGNP Ō 9KVJ TGICTF VQ KVU UV[NG QH KOCIG CPF VJG DTQCF TKO VJG UKOKNCTKV[ QH VJKU EQKP VQ VJG /GKUUGP DTCEVGCVGU KU WPFGPKCDNG YKVJ YJKEJ 0CWODWTI KUUWGU UJCTGF VJGKT CTGC QH EKTEWNCVKQP 6JG EJCNKEG JGNF D[ VJG DKUJQR KU PQV EQOOQPN[ UGGP QP EQKPU KV YCU VJGTGHQTG CNYC[U UWURGEVGF VQ JCXG C URGEKCN RWT RQUG UWEJ CU VQ DG FGUKIPCVKPI C OCUU EQKP /QTG NKMGN[ KV KU C U[ODQN WUGF VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ EQKPU KP VJG EQWTUG QH FGOQPGVKUCVKQP CU KP OCP[ QVJGT ECUGU 6JGTG KU ŋUQOGVJKPIŌ CDQXG VJG EJCNKEG %CV 4KGEJOCPP PQ 5COONWPI *GUUKUEJGU .CPFGTOWUGWO RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP ŋ&GT $TCMVGCV KUV XQP &T 0CIGN KP #TEJKX H $T CNU GKPG 2T·IWPI FGU *GTTGP XQP 6CPPTQFG CPIGURTQEJGP YGKN ÒDGT FGO -GNEJ GKPG GKPGO $TCEMGPMQRHG ·JPNKEJG <GKEJPWPI UGK WPF FCU IGPCPPVG )GUEJNGEJV GKPGP $TCEMGP KO 5EJKNFG HÒJTVG 0CEJ #PUKEJV FGU *GTTP $WEJGPCW JCPFGNV GU UKEJ CDGT PWT WO GKPGP 5VGORGNTKUU Ō +P VJG #TEJKX H $T &T 0CIGN FGUKIPCVGU VJKU DTCEVGCVG C HCDTKE QH VJG NQTFU QH 6CPPGPTQFG QP VJG ITQWPFU QH VJG RKEVWTG CNNGIGFN[ TGUGODNKPI C JQWPFŉU JGCF HGCVWTKPI QXGT VJG EJCNKEG YJKEJ YQWNF TGHGT VQ UCKF JQWUG VJCV DQTG C JQWPF KP VJGKT CTOU +P VJG QRKPKQP QH /T $WEJGPCW JQYGXGT KV KU OGTGN[ VJG TGUWNV QH C ETCEMGF FKG + O Q KV OQUV EGTVCKPN[ KU VJG JGCF QH CP CPKOCN CU VJG FTCYKPI PGZV VQ KV CVVGORVU VQ UJQY

288

NAUMBURG-ZEITZ

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR UKVVKPI QP CTEJ HCEKPI YKVJ ECN[Z CPF ETQUKGT TKPI T CDQXG $*'461.&85 1*. 8/ $GTIGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG (NCP ETCEM CPF VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG $CTDCTQUUCHWPF 6JG URGEKOGP KP $GTIGT KU CNUQ HTQO VJG $CTDCTQUUCHWPF VJKU V[RG DGEQOKPI MPQYP QPN[ CHVGT VJG JQCTF JCF EQOG WR +P %CV .CP\ /ÒPEJGP PQ $CTDCTQUUCHWPF VYQ JCNXGU QH VJG UCOG EQKP QEEWT +P VJKU ECVCNQIWG KV YCU FGUKIPCVGF WPGFKVGF ) 5VWORH &GT -TGW\\WI $CTDCTQUUCU PQ /KPV <GKV\ ! 6JGTG KU CNYC[U OGPVKQP QH C EJCNKEG DWV KU KV TGCNN[ C EJCNKEG! $GPGCVJ C FTCYKPI QH VJKU KVGO 6JGTG KU ITGCV UKOKNCTKV[ VQ VJG #NVGPDWTI DTCEVGCVGU QH (TGFGTKEM +

'0)'.*#4&6 ++ XQP /'+55'0

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR UKVVKPI QP CTEJ HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU HQWT UVCTU QP VJG GFIG '80+% '2+58% $GTIGT EH 5NI $QPJQHH EH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG EH IT 4 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG KPUETKRVKQP KU DCTGN[ NGIKDNG VJG NGVVGTU EQWNF YGNN DG QVJGTU VJGKT PWODGT KU XGT[ NKOKVGF CV CP[ TCVG $GTIGT RTQXKFGU TKPIU QP VJG GFIG CPF TGCFU +'4 *1.&85 &+'

&+'64+%* + XQP /'+55'0

$TCMVGCV EC # $KUJQR UKVVKPI QP CTEJ HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU &+6'4+ŉ 2+5%12 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'FIG UNKIJVGN[ DTQMGP CPF VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ $GTIGT CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ /GTUGDWTI &KGVTKEJ YCU VJG DTQVJGT QH *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU QH /GKUUGP

289

PEGAU

#$6'+ 2')#7 0GCT C HQTF KP VJG 9JKVG 'NUVGT C UGVVNGOGPV CTQUG VQYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 7RQP JKU TGVWTP HTQO C RKNITKOCIG VQ 5CPVKCIQ FG %QORQUVGNC 9KRTGEJV QH )TQKV\UEJ HQWPFGF CP 15$ 1TFQ 5CPEVK $GPGFKEVK OQPCUVGT[ EQPUGETCVGF KP )WCTFKCPUJKR QXGT VJG OQPCUVGT[ TGOCKPGF KP VJG JCPFU QH VJG HQWPFGTŉU HCOKN[ DWV GZRKTGF WRQP VJGKT GZVKPEVKQP KP YJGP KV HGNN VQ VJG )GTOCP MKPIU 7PFGT #DDQV 9KPFQNH VJG OQPCUVGT[ CESWKTGF VJG TKIJVU QH OCTMGV VQNN CPF OKPV #TQWPF WPFGT #DDQV 5KGITKGF QH 4GMMKP VJG 0GWUVCFV PGY EKV[ YCU HQWPFGF 6JKU CDDQV YKVJUVQQF VJG OCTITCXGU QH /GKUUGP YJQ PGXGTVJGNGUU OCPCIGF VQ UGK\G OQPCUVGT[ CPF EKV[ KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ QRGT CVKPI HTQO PGCTD[ )TQKV\UEJ

$TCMVGCV )TQKV\UEJ ! # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ DCPPGT CPF ETQUU UVCT T CDQXG $GTIGT 5NI $QP JQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU KU C EQKP VJCV JCU DGGP UQOGVJKPI QH C PWOKUOCVKE O[UVGT[ HQT C NQPI VKOG (KTUV QH CNN C DTKGH UWOOCT[ QH VJG FKHHGTGPV QRKPKQPU WR VQ PQY 6JG UVCTVKPI RQKPV VQ O[ OKPF YQWNF JCXG VQ DG $WEJGPCW YJQ NKUVU VYQ XCTKCPVU QH VJKU EQKP KP VJG (F )QVJC PQU CPF $WEJGPCW (F )QVJC R KU KP FQWDV DGVYGGP 2GICW /GKUUGP 0CWODWTI <GKV\ CPF *CNNG 6JG RGTKQF JG VCMGU VQ DG CTQWPF 6JG VGZVU CTG KNNGIKDNG JQYGXGT QP PQ YG HKPF C NGVVGT VJCV CNUQ QEEWTU QP QWT EQKP +P 5NI .ÌDD KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OCTITCXKCVG /GKUUGP *GPT[ VJG ;QWPIGT QH 'KNGPDWTI YKVJ UQNG TGHGTGPEG VQ 2QUGTP -NGVV YJQ CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ #DDQV 9KPFQNH QH 2GICW 5EJYKPMQYUMK PQ CNUQ CVVTKDWVGU VJKU EQKP VQ /GKUUGP )CGVVGPU -CV *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV RNCEGU KV KP /CIFGDWTI #TEJDKUJQR #FGNJQI QH 4WFICT OKPV *CNNG 6JG UWIIGUVKQP /CIFGDWTI *CNNG YCU XQKEGF D[ $WEJGPCW )CGVVGPU UWDUVCPVKCVGU VJG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ /CIFGDWTI *CNNG VJWU ŋ6CVU·EJNKEJ KUV *CNNG YQJN FGT #WUICPIURWPMV FGT ICP\GP $TCMVGCVGPRT·IWPI YKG FKG GPIG #DJ·PIKIMGKV FGT HTÒJGP -QPTCFUDTCMVGCVGP XQP /GKUUGP CWU FGO (WPFG XQP 2CWUUPKV\ XQP FGP INGKEJ\GKVKIGP $TCMVGCVGP FGU 'T\DKUEJQHU -QPTCF XQP /CIFGDWTI \GKIVŌ *CNNG KU KPFGGF VJG RNCEG YJGTG DTCEVGCVG EQKPCIG CU UWEJ QTKIKPCVGF CU KU UJQYP KP VJG ENQUG TGNCVKQP QH VJG GCTN[ %QPTCF DTCEVGCVGU QH /GKUUGP HTQO VJG JQCTF 2CWUUPKV\ VQ VJG EQPVGORQTCT[ DTCEVGCVGU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR %QPTCF QH /CIFG DWTI +P CFJGTGPEG VQ .ÌDDGMG *KTUEJ KP JKU -CVCNQI -WPUVXQNNG $TCMVGCVGP CVVTKDWVGU KV VQ /GKUUGP CICKP +P VJG 5NI $QPJQHH 2GWU QRVU HQT CVVTKDWVKQP VQ /CIFGDWTI *CNNG CPF #FGNIQF KP RCTVKEWNCT CP CVVTKDWVKQP VJCV JG WRJQNFU KP VJG 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT $GTIGT CFQRVU VJG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ /CIFGDWTI *CNNG PQU VJTQWIJ +P URKVG QH VJGUG CVVTKDWVKQPU VJKU EQKP VQ O[ OKPF FQGU PQV HKV /CIFGDWTI *CNNG CV CNN C &ÒPPRHGPPKI QEEWTU KP VJG 5NI $QPJQHH WPFGT PQ VJCV KP XKGY QH C UKOKNCT DTCEVGCVG QH -QPTCF + QH 3WGTHWTV 5IN $QPJ JGTG PWO DGTGF DGCTU PQ TGUGODNCPEG VQ VJKU EQKP YJCVUQGXGT CU TGICTFU UV[NG 6JG DCPPGT PGGF PQV KPFKECVG 5V /CWTKEG QH /CIFGDWTI CU 5V /CWTKEG CNUQ YCU VJG RCVTQP UCKPV QH VJG )GTOCP GORKTG CPF EQWNF JCXG DGGP WUGF HQT EQKPCIG KP C PWODGT QH RNCEGU /QTGQXGT VJCV VJKU ŋDTCEVGCVGŌ YQWNF RTGEGFG %QPTCFŉU &ÒPPRHGPPKI HQTOU C EQP VTCFKEVKQP UGG PQU CPF + O Q YG UJQWNF VCMG VJG VYQ EQKPU CU HQWPF KP VJG (F )QVJC CU QWT RQKPV QH TGHGTGPEG 6JG KOCIG KU VJG UCOG QPG JCU C ETQUKGT VJG QVJGT C RGPPCPV VJG UGEQPF JCU QHVGP DGGP CNNGIGF VQ FGRKEV C ENGTKE KP XKGY QH YJCV OKIJV DG C VQPUWTG DWV VJKU KU JKIJN[ FQWDVCDNG 6JGUG EQKPU VJGTGHQTG OWUV UVGO HTQO C RNCEG YJGTG ENGTKECN CPF UGEWNCT OCVVGTU YGTG ENQUGN[ EQPPGEVGF YJKEJ YQWNF KPFKECVG VJG OQPCUVGT[ QH 2GICW CPF VJG VQYP )TQKV\UEJ DQVJ UKVWCVGF QP VJG 'NUVGT %QWPV 9KRTGEJV QH )TQKV\UEJ HQWPFGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ 2GICW VJGTG QH YJKEJ JG YCU CNUQ 8QIV 9KRTGEJV JGNF UGXGTCN QHHKEGU KP VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CIFGDWTI CPF GXGPVWCNN[ DGECOG OCTITCXG QH /GKUUGP YJKEJ JCU VQ DG FCVGF VQ CTQWPF &$$ +V UGGOU VJG OQUV UGPUKDNG UQNWVKQP HQT VJKU HTGSWGPVN[ QEEWTKPI EQKP PQ QH (F )QVJC KU XGT[ HTGSWGPV PQ KU TCVJGT TCTG

290

MEISSEN 5+')(4+'& XQP 4'--+0

$TCMVGCV # %TQUU YKVJ JGCF NKU GCING NKU KP VJG CPINGU HQWT RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 2QUGTP -NGVV 6CH 5NI -TWI 5NI $CJTHGNFV (F 5GGIC 6JKU EQKP KU TGOCTMCDNG DGECWUG KV KU GPVKTGN[ UVTWEM UJCTRN[ 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG JGCF KU PQV FTCYP

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

#010;/175

$TCMVGCV # (KIWTG UKVVKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT HCEKPI RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV T $GTIGT (F )QVJC C 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF GFIG DTGCM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

5QVJGD[ .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT XQP 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP +P 5NI $QPJQHH VJG QXGTCNN KOCIG KU VJG UCOG CU VJKU EQKPŉ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ŋ+PMWPCDGN FGT *QJNOÒP\RT·IWPIŌ

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ŋEJCKTŌ QP YJKEJ VJG ENGTKE KU UGCVGF KU CNUQ RTKOKVKXG KP C RGEWNKCT OCPPGT 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJGUG EJCKTU CTG OQTG EQOOQPN[ UGGP 5GG HQT KPUVCPEG 5NI $QPJQHH CPF 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT DQVJ HTQO VJG RGTKQF WPFGT &KGVTKEJ VJG 1RRTGUUGF +P XKGY QH VJKU NCVGT TGNCVGFPGUU CPF VJG HCEV VJCV YG CTG FGCNKPI YKVJ C ENGTKE VJG OQUV RNCWUKDNG CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU EQKP KU VQ VJG FKQEGUG /GKUUGP YJKEJ YCU CHVGT CNN ENQUGN[ CVVCEJGF VQ VJG OCTITCXKCVG KH PQV UWDQTFKPCVG VQ KV

291

MEISSEN

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Ò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

-104#& + FGT )4155' %QPTCF YCU VJG UQP QH 6JKOQ QH 9GVVKP +P JG KPJGTKVGF VJG EQWPV[ $TGJPC 7RQP VJG FGCVJ QH JKU DTQVJGT &GFQ +8 KP JG CU VJG UQNG JGKT CESWKTGF VJG RTQRGTV[ CTQWPF 9GVVKP CPF %CODGTI +P JKU EQWUKP *GPT[ QH /GKUUGP CPF VJG 'CUVGTP /CTEJ FKGF CPF VJGUG HKGHU YGTG EGFGF VQ %QWPV 9KRTGEJV QH )TQKV\UEJ D[ *GPT[ 8 +P VJCV UCOG [GCT JG OCPCIGF VQ UGK\G RQYGT KP VJG OCTEJ /GKUUGP YKVJ VJG CKF QH &WMG .QVJCT QH 5Ò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

$TCMVGCV EC # /CTITCXG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT 0CW 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH VJKU URGEKOGP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT +PM FTCYKPI QP VJG TGXGTUG GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP PQ &$$

292

MEISSEN

$TCMVGCV # %TQUU YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU CPF VYQ DTCPEJGU KP VJG CPINGU CPF QPG RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CPF VTCEGU QH CP QXGTUVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (TQO /ÒP\\GPVTWO #WEVKQP PQ 6JG -TÒEMGP ETQUU KU JKIJN[ TGOKPKUEGPV QH VJG 2GICW EQKPU YJKEJ YGTG JQYGXGT UVTWEM EQPUKFGTCDN[ NCVGT 6JKU EQKP UJQWNF EQPUGSWGPVN[ DG UGGP CU VJGKT RTGEWTUQT

$TCMVGCV EC # )TGCV VQYGT YKVJ FQQT DGVYGGP VYQ UOCNNGT VQYGTU YKVJ DKTFU QP VQR $GTIGT 0CW 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT /CIPKHKEGPV YGNN UVTWEM CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG RNGCUKPIN[ VQPGF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI %CJP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *GUU .GW #WEVKQP PQ &$$ 6JG UKIPKHKECPEG QH VJG VYQ DKTFU KU WPENGCT UGG DGNQY 6YQ JKPIGU CPF C NQEM ECP DG OCFG QWV KP VJG ICVG

1661 FGT 4'+%*' 1VVQ YCU %QPTCFŉU UQP 7RQP JKU HCVJGTŉU FGOKUG JG TGEGKXGF VJG EQWPV[ %CODWTI CPF VJG OCTITCXKCVG /GKUUGP KP HKGH *G RTQOQVGF EQNQPKUCVKQP VQYCTFU VJG GCUV CPF NCKF VJG HQWPFCVKQPU HQT GZRNQKVKPI VJG UKNXGTOKPGU KP (TGKDGTI 6JG YGCNVJ JG COCUUGF HTQO VJGUG OKPGU YQWNF IKXG TKUG VQ JKU GRKVJGV ŋVJG 4KEJŌ KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P JG HQWPFGF VJG 9GVVKP HCOKN[ OQPCUVGT[ #NV\GNNC WTIGF D[ JKU YKHG *GFYKI FCWIJVGT QH #NDGTV VJG $GCT 1VVQ YCU GPVQODGF KP VJKU OQPCUVGT[ *KU UQP #NDGTV VJG &GIGPGTCVG HGNV UQ KNN VTGCVGF YKVJ TGURGEV VQ UWEEGUUKQPCN CTTCPIGOGPVU VJCV JG JCF JKU HCVJGT KORTKUQPGF KP

$TCMVGCV # $WUV KP SWCVTGHQKN $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

# UKOKNCT V[RG KU UGGP YKVJ &WMG $GTPJCTF QH 5CZQP[ #PJCNV 9KVVGPDGTI KVU OKPV UGG 5NI .ÌDDGEMG

293

MEISSEN

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ HGOCNGU UVCPFKPI CPF UJCMKPI JCPFU N UEGRVTG CPF T DKTF ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO 5EJYKPMQYUMK IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP +P 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT CU YGNN CU KP 5EJYKPMQYUMK CPF KP 5NI .ÌDDGEMG VJKU EQKP KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ )GTC )GTC YCU C OKPV QH VJG CDDGUUGU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI WPFGT VJG CFOKPKUVTCVKQP QH VJG 8ÌIVG QH 9GKFC 6JG %CV 4KGEJ OCPP PQ &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\GP FGU *GUUKUEJGP .CPFGUOWUGWOU KP -CUUGN YCU RTQDCDN[ VJG OCKP TGCUQP HQT VJKU CVVTKDWVKQP +V RTQXKFGU VJG HQNNQYKPI EQOOGPV ŋ&KGUGT XKGN WOUVTKVVGPG $TCMVGCV FÒTHVG CP FGT 5RKV\G FGT )GTCGT 2T·IWPIGP \W UGV\GP UGKP &C FKG )GY·PFGT GU CNU YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ GTUEJGKPGP NCUUGP FCUU GU UKEJ WO \YGK YGKDNKEJG )GUVCNVGP JCPFGNV OWUU GU UKEJ WO FKG 2T·IWPI GKPGU (TCWGPUVKHVGU JCPFGNP $GK FGT CWUIGURTQEJGP OGKUUPKUEJGP (CDTKM FGU 5VÒEMGU FÒTHVG CDGT PKEJV 3WGFNKPDWTI UGNDUV UQPFGTP FCU XQP 1VVQ +++ CP 3WGFNKPDWTI IGUEJGPMVG )GTC KP (TCIG MQOOGP &KG &CTIGUVGNNVGP FÒTHVGP FKG 8QTUVGJGTKP FGU 5VKHVGU KP )GTC WPF FKG 3WGFNKPDWTIGT DVKUUKP UGKPŌ 6JKU JGCXKN[ FKUEWUUGF DTCEVGCVG RTQDCDN[ UJQWNF DG RNCEGF CV VJG XGT[ DGIKPPKPI QH )GTC EQKPCIG #U VJG XGUVOGPVU NGCF WU VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ VYQ HGOCNG HKIWTGU VJKU OWUV EQPUVKVWVG CP KUUWG QH C PWPŉU EQPXGPV 6JG RTQPQWPEGF /GKUUGP HCDTKE QH VJKU RKGEG JQYGXGT YQWNF KPFK ECVG )GTC YJKEJ 1VVQ +++ ITCPVGF VQ 3WGFNKPDWTI KP TCVJGT VJCP 3WGFNKPDWTI KVUGNH 6JG RQTVTC[GF YQWNF VJWU DG VJG OQVJGT UWRGTKQT QH VJG )GTC EJCRVGT CPF VJG CDDGUU QH 3WGFNKPDWTI +P 5NI $CJTHGNF KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ $GCVTKEG QH -TQUKIM 6JG DKTF KU EQPUKFGTGF VQ DG C ETCPG ! HCOKN[ CTOU QH VJG CDDGUU +P VJG 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI VJG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP ŋ&KGUGT UGNVGPG $TCMVGCV KUV XQP %CRRG 8+ OKV ICP\ WPUKPPKIGT $GITÒPFWPI CP 3WGFNKPDWTI 6 IGIGDGP GT IGJÌTV \YGKHGNNQU PCEJ /GKUUGP WPIGYKUU YGNEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG YQJN GKPGT IGKUVNKEJGP &KG &GWVWPI FGU )GRT·IGU CNU 8KUKVCVKQ /CTKCG KUV XQP (TKGFGPUDWTIŌ

%CRRG HQNNQYKPI C PQPUGPUKECN EJCKP QH TGCUQPKPI CVVTKDWVGU VJKU TCTG DTCEVGCVG VQ 3WGFNKPDWTI KV UJQWNF YKVJQWV C FQWDV DG RNCEGF KP /GKUUGP KVU OKPV WPEGTVCKP DWV RTQDCDN[ GEENGUKCUVKECN 6JG KPVGTRTGVCVKQP QH VJKU HCDTKE CU 8KUK VCVKQ /CTKCG KU (TKGFGPUDWTIŉU < H 0 $F R /GJN &KG /Ò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ŋXQP OGKUUPKUEJGP 0GDGP NKPKGP WPF 0CEJDCTPŌ QH UWDUKFKCT[ /GKUUGP DTCPEJGU CPF PGKIJDQWTU 9JCV VJG UEGPG YKVJ VJG VYQ HGOCNG HKIWTGU RQTVTC[U TGOCKPU WPCPUYGTGF CU YGNN CU YJGTG VJG EQKP UJQWNF DG RNCEGF 6JG HKIWTGU DGKPI YQOGP QPG JQNFKPI C NKU UEGRVTG CPF VJG QVJGT C DKTF CTG GUVCDNKUJGF HCEVU 6JG UCOG CRRNKGU VQ VJG QTKIKPU QH VJKU EQKP YJKEJ KU HTQO VJG /GKUUGP TGIKQP QH YJKEJ VJG DKTF KU FKUVKPEVKXG 9G MPQY KV HTQO PQ

XGT[ EJCTCEVGTKUVKE CTG KVU JQQMGF DGCM CPF VJG NCTIG G[G HWTVJGT VJGTG KU QPN[ QPG V[RG QP YJKEJ C UGCVGF RGTUQP KU JQNFKPI C NKU CPF CP GCING QT HCNEQP QP KVU QVJGT JCPF 5EJYKPMQYUMK $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 'V\QNFUJCKP DGK )TKOOC $N H /Ò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

294

MEISSEN +06'44')07/ &KGVTKEJ EQWNF PQV UWEEGGF JKU HCVJGT DGECWUG 'ORGTQT *GPT[ 8+ EQPUKFGTGF VJG OCTITCXKCVG CDCPFQPGF CPF DTQWIJV KV WPFGT KORGTKCN UYC[

*'+04+%* 8+

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU WPFGT VJTGG CTEJGU TKPI QP DQVJ UKFGU $GTIGT 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 1PN[ MPQYP URGEKOGP KP EQOOGTEG &CTM RCVKPC HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 4GWVVPGT X 9G[N EQNNGEVKQP PQ +P VJG ECVCNQIWG QH 5QVJGD[ŉU VJGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VQ )CGVVGPU (WNFC RN C VJKU KU KPEQTTGEV 6JKU RTGUWOCDN[ KU VJG URGEKOGP HTQO VJG EQNN )CGVVGPU %CV *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV PQ 6JG EQKP UGGOU C NKVVNG FKHHGTGPV DWV VJG ETCEM KU CV GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG RNCEG CPF JCU VJG UCOG UJCRG +P %CV *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ /GKUUGP 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ YJGTG KVU YGKIJV KU UVCVGF CU I &GUETKDGF CU WPGFKVGF RTQDCDN[ C WPKSWG 6JG HQNNQYKPI GNWEKFCVKQP KU RTQXKFGF ŋ&KGUGT -CKUGTDTCMVGCV KUV OGKPGU 9KUUGPU PQEJ PKEJV XGTÌHHGPVNKEJV 'T HGJNV KP FGP DGMCPPVGP $TCMVGCVGPHWPFGP YKG KP FGP ·NVGTGP 9GTMGP XQP 2QUGTP -NGVV %CRRG WPF CPFGTGP 8GTIGDNKEJ JCDG KEJ PCEJ GKPGT RCTCNNGNGP IGKUVNKEJGP 2T·IWPI IGUWEJV &KG GKP\KIGP $TCMVGCVGP OKV ·JPNKEJGT $KNFWOTCJOWPI GKPGO 9WNUVTGKH OKV HGKPGT #WUUGPNKPKG KP INGKEJGT )TÌUUG UKPF FKG DGKFGP /GKUUGPGT 2HGPPKIG 5EJYKPMQYUMKU WPF 8QP FKGUGP KUV KO (WPFG XQP /GKUUGP $N·VVGT HÒT /ÒP\HTGWPFG U H WPVGT 0WOOGT XQTIGMQOOGP Y·JTGPF KP FGT 5COONWPI .ÌDDGEMG 0WOOGT YCT &GT (WPF XQP /GKUUGP KUV YQJN PCEJ KP FKG 'TFG IGMQOOGP YWTFG FKG /CTMITCHUEJCHV /GKUUGP XQP -CKUGT *GKPTKEJ 8+ CNU GTNGFKIVGU .GJGP KP $GUKV\ IGPQOOGP WPF DKU \W UGKPGO 6QFG XQO 4GKEJG XGTYCNVGV +P FKGUGT <GKV UKPF MCKUGTNKEJG $TCMVGCVGP KP /GKUUGP WPF YQJN CWEJ KP (TGKDGTI IGRT·IV $WEJGPCW JCV HÒT FGP PCEJHQNIGPFGP 2HGPPKI

0WOOGT CNU 5GKVGPUVÒEM CWH FGP $TCMVGCVGP FGU &TGUFGPGT &WDNGVVGPMCVCNQIGU 5EJYKPMQYUMK JKPIG YKGUGP QJPG CNNGTFKPIU FKG 5EJNWUUHQNIGTWPI \W \KGJGP FCUU YKT KP FKGUGO 2HGPPKI GKPG MCKUGTNKEJG 2T·IWPI CWU FGT $GUGV\WPIU\GKV /GKUUGPU XQT WPU JCDGP +EJ JCNVG FKG $TCMVGCVGP WPUGTG 0WOOGT WPF HÒT MCKUGTNKEJG 2HGPPKIG FGT 8GTYCNVWPIU\GKV XQP HÒT FKG 5EJYKPMQYUMK WPUGTG 0WOOGT UEJQP KP #PURTWEJ IGPQOOGP JCV Ō 6JKU KORGTKCN DTCEVGCVG JCU PQV DGGP RTGXKQWUN[ RWDNKUJGF VQ O[ MPQYNGFIG +V KU OKUUKPI KP VJG MPQYP DTCEVGCVG JQCTFU CU KV KU KP VJG QNFGT UVWFKGU D[ 2QUGTP -NGVV %CRRG CPF QVJGTU + JCXG XCKPN[ UGCTEJGF HQT GSWKXCNGPV GEENGUKCUVKECN EQKPCIG 6JG QPN[ DTCEVGCVGU YKVJ C UKOKNCT HTCOKPI QH VJG GHHKI[ C DQTFGT QH FQVU YKVJ C HKPG QWVGT NKPG QH VJG UCOG UK\G CTG VJG DQVJ /GKUUGP RHGPPKIG QH 5EJKPMQYUMKŉU CPF 1H VJGUG YCU PWODGTGF KP VJG JQCTF QH /GKUUGP $N·VVGT HÒT /ÒP\HTGWPFG R GV UGS YJKNG YCU KP VJG EQNNGE VKQP .Ì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

&+'64+%* FGT $'&4 0)6' &KGVTKEJ YCU VJG UQP QH 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ CPF *GFYKI *G YCU OCTTKGF VQ ,WVVC FCWIJVGT QH .CPFITCXG *GTOCPP QH 6JWTKPIKC #HVGT JKU HCVJGTŉU FGCVJ KP JG TGEGKXGF VJG KPFGRGPFGPV RTQRGTV[ 9GKGPHGNU 5QQP CHVGT VJCV JKU EQPVTQXGTUKCN DTQVJGT #NDGTV FKGF 9JGP *GPT[ 8+ FKGF KP &KGVTKEJ KP TGVWTPGF RTGOCVWTGN[ HTQO C ETWUCFG VQ ,GTWUCNGO +P JG YCU ITCPVGF VJG OCTITCXKCVG /GKUUGP KP HKGH D[ -KPI 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC KP TGVWTP HQT VJG RCTV JG RNC[GF KP 2JKNKRŉU PQOKPCVKQP #HVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU FGCVJ JG UWRRQTVGF 1VVQ +8 +P JG TGEGKXGF VJG 'CUVGTP /CTEJ 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ VJG OCTEJ .CPFUDGTI 'KNGPDWTI CPF )TQKV\UEJ KP HKGH +P JG UKFGF YKVJ (TGFGTKEM ++ 6JG QRRQUK VKQP VJCV YCU CTKUKPI CICKPUV &KGVTKEJ ECWUGF JKO VQ WPKVG CNN VJG RQUUGUUKQPU QH VJG *QWUG 9GVVKP CPF VJWU NC[ VJG HQWPFCVKQP HQT VJG /GKUUGP 5CZQP[ VGTTKVQTKCN UVCVG #V JKU UWFFGP FGOKUG JKU UQP *GPT[ YCU QPN[ VJTGG [GCTU QH CIG

$TCMVGCV EC # /CTITCXG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UEGRVTG UGCVGF QP EJCKT UVCT N CDQXG $GTIGT 0CW 5EJYKPMQYUMK IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ (F 0QTFJCWUGP 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 5NI -TWI

295

MEISSEN

$TCMVGCV EC # (KIWTG YKVJ UYQTF CPF DTCPEJ HCEKPI KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ VYQ NKPGU CDQXG UOCNN VQYGTU! $GTIGT 0CW 5EJYKPMQYUMK IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ (F 0QTFJCWUGP 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 5NI -TWI +P <GKV FGT 5VCWHGT VJGTG KU OGPVKQP QH C UKOKNCT /GKUUGP DTCEVGCVG YKVJ UYQTF CPF FQWDNG INQDWU ETWEKIGT DGCTKPI .WVGIGT OG (GEKV %H PQ QH VJG .WVGIGT EQKPU VJGTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ .QDFGDWTI 6JGTG KU CNUQ C URGEKOGP HTQO /GKUUGP PQ DWV VJGTG KU VJG VGZV /#4%*+1 1661 %*$74)'05+5 .76')'4 /'

$TCMVGCV )TKOOC EC # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF NKU HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK IT 4 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP -TWI CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ .QDFGDWTI *CTVOCPP +++ QH $ÒTGP 4ÌDNKV\ FGGOU VJKU KPEQTTGEV 6JKU EQKP YCU KOKVCVGF D[ VJG 8ÌIVG QH 5VTCDGTI UGG 4ÌDNKV\ 6CH OKFFNG HKIWTG DWV VJCV JCU C NKPG TWPPKPI CETQUU VJG HKGNF CPF OQTGQXGT C VQYGT QP GKVJGT UKFG 0Q KU XGT[ UKOKNCT VQ PQ JCU VJTGG FQVU QP VJG FQWDNG INQDWU ETWEKIGT CPF QPG FQV 5NI QH )TCDC (F 'V\QNFUJCKP 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ )TKOOC YCU CFQRVGF HTQO VJG %CV 5NI -TWI

$TCMVGCV .GKR\KI ! EC # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF NKU HCEKPI RGNNGV N CDQXG $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5NI -TWI

296

MEISSEN

$TCMVGCV EC # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU CPPWNGV N CDQXG $GTIGT 5EJYKPM QYUMK 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT /KPQT HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

$TCMVGCV /GKUUGP EC # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU 5EJYKPMQYUMK E IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI -TWI 6JG EQKP KP 5IN -TWI KU CNNGIGFN[ VJG UCOG URGEKOGP YJKEJ KU PQV VJG ECUG UKPING ETQUU KPUVGCF QH C FQWDNG ETQUU 5EJYKPMQYUMK D UVCVGU VJCV 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV UJQYU NGVVGTU PQV JGTG / . ' / 6JGUG NGVVGTU RTQXG VJKU ITQWR DGNQPIU VQ &KGVTKEJ VJG CEVWCN UVTKMKPI VQQM RNCEG CHVGT KP XKGY QH VJG VKVNG 0KGFGTNCW UKV\ . CU VJKU OCTEJ FKF PQV HCNN VQ &KGVTKEJ WPVKN UCKF [GCT +V CNUQ HKVU HTQO C UV[NKUVKECN RGTURGEVKXG

5NI -TWI -WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ

(TQO /GKUUGP CPF 6JWTKPIKC HQTOGF QPG YJQNG

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

$TCMVGCV EC # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUU $GTIGT 5EJYKPMQYUMK C 5NI $QPJQHHa 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 5OCNN HNCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 5NI -TWI

297

MEISSEN

$TCMVGCV # 'PVJTQPGF OCTITCXG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 5EJYKPMQYUMK ! IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO %QWNF VJKU DG *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV *GPT[ ! 0Q RKEVWTG 0Q QVJGT QEEWTGPEGU

$TCMVGCV # *GTCNKFKE NKQP N *&)1/ 5EJYKPMQYUMK ! IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG PWODGTU CPF CTG DTCEVGCVGU OCFG QH ITG[ UJGGV UKNXGT QHH ECUV DTQP\G FKGU 6JG HKTUV KPUVCPEG QH VJG /GKUUGP NKQP QP C EQKP CU HCT CU + MPQY 0QV KP 5NI -TWI

$TCMVGCV # /CTITCXG UKVVKPI HCEKPI 5EJYKPMQYUMK ! IT 5NI -TWI ! .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

298

'FIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

MEISSEN *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU JCF VYQ UQPU #NDGTV YJQO YG GPEQWPVGT KP 6JWTKPIKC UGG VJGTG CPF &KGVTKEJ ++ KP 1UVGTNCPF 1PG QH #NDGTVÅ&#x2030;U UQPU KU (TGFGTKEM + YJQ HTQO VQ YCU OCTITCXG QH /GKUUGP 7PFGT JKU UQP (TGFGTKEM ++ VJG VKOG QH VJG )TQUEJGP DGICP 6KOG QH VJG )TQUEJGP 1P ,WN[ VJG ITQU 6QWTPQKU JCF DGGP KPVTQFWEGF KP (TCPEG YGKIJV YJKEJ JGTCNFGF C PGY GTC KP PWOKUOCVKE JKUVQT[ +P XCTKQWU YGUVGTP 'WTQRGCP TGIKQPU KV JCF CNTGCF[ DGGP CFQRVGF ;GV VJG GCUV JCF UVKNN VQ HQNNQY +P VJG FKUEQXGT[ QH TKEJ UKNXGTOKPGU KP $QJGOKCP -WVVGPDGTI VQFC[Å&#x2030;U -WVPC *QTC RTQORVGF 9GPEGUNCU ++ VQ UGTKQWUN[ EQPUKFGT UVTKMKPI CP QYP EQKP CNQPI VJG NKPGU QH VJG ITQU 6QWTPQKU *G YCU UWRRQTVGF KP JKU GPFGCXQWT D[ DCPMGTU OCKPN[ HTQO 6WUECP[ 6JG PGGFGF VTCPUKVKQP YCU VQ DG UGV KP OQVKQP D[ HQTEKPI VJG EKTEWNCVKQP QH TCY RTGEKQWU OGVCNU DCTU QH UKNXGT VQ C JCNV KP QVJGT YQTFU VQ CDQNKUJ VJG VTCFG KP RTGEKQWU OGVCNU KP IGPGTCN CPF VJCV QH TCY OGVCN CICKPUV UVTWEM EQKPU 6JKU OGCPV VJG MKPI JGNF C UKNXGT OQPQRQN[ %QKPCIG YCU EQPEGPVTCVGF KP -WVVGPDGTI CPF VJWU KP VJG 2TCIGT )TQ UEJGP YCU KPVTQFWEGF YKVJ VJG $QJGOKCP NKQP CU KVU OCKP HGCVWTG 1P VJG TGXGTUG VJG $QJGOKCP TQ[CN ETQYP 6JG YGKIJV YCU I /GKUUGP FKF PQV KOOGFKCVGN[ HQNNQY UWKV 5QOG EJCPIGU YGTG OCFG KP GZKUVGPV EWTTGPE[ HQT NCTIG COQWPVU QH $QJGOKCP OQPG[ UVCTVGF HNQYKPI KPVQ /GKUUGP DWV QVJGT VJCP VJCV /GKUUGP UVC[GF HCKVJHWN VQ VJG DTCEVGCVG 'XGP KP VJGTG YGTG UVKNN PQ UKIPU QH CP KORGPFKPI EJCPIG 1PN[ YJGP (TGFGTKEM ++ KP TGEGKXGF C NCTIG UWO QH OQPG[ QH JKU HCVJGT KP NCY HQT UGTXKEGU TGPFGTGF KP $TCPFGPDWTI VJG VJQWIJV QH FGXGNQRKPI CP QYP )TQUEJGP QEEWTGF VQ JKO +P VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG RTQFWEVKQP QH DTCEVGCVGU VQQM CP GPF CPF CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG /GKUUGPGT )TQUEJGP /GKUUGP ITQUEJGP YCU KPVTQFWEGF %JCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT VJKU EQKP YCU KVU /GKUUGP NKQP 6JG TGXGTUG YCU UVTWEM YKVJ C HNQTKCVGF ETQUU CPF VJG NGVVGTU %48: VJG ETXZ YCU WUGF WPCNVGTGF WPVKN +VU YGKIJV YCU I CPF VJG HKPGPGUU YCU 6JG QTKIKPCN XCNWG YCU QH VJG 4JGKPKCP )WNFGP UQQP FGETGCUGF VQ 6JG /GKUUGP ITQUEJGP EQPVKPWQWUN[ FGVGTKQTCVGF RCTVKEWNCTN[ HTQO 5VCTVKPI KP KV EQPVKPWGF CU -TGW\ITQUEJGP HTQO CU 5EJKNFITQUEJGP CPF GXGPVWCNN[ CU 5EJTGEMGPDGTIGT HTQO 6JG /GKUUGP ITQUEJGP YCU KOKVCVGF KP 'KEJUHGNF *GUUGP CPF 0KGFGT UCEJUGP #RCTV HTQO DQVJ FKUVKPEVKXG VCKNU VJG NKQPU UJQY C EGTVCKP UKOKNCTKV[ 6JG OCPG QH DQVJ KU FTCYP CU C UGTKGU QH 5Å&#x2030;U VJG NGIU CTG HWTT[ OQTG UQ YKVJ $QJGOKC VJCP YKVJ /GKUUGP YJKNG DQVJ NKQPU DCTG VJGKT VGGVJ KP C OGCP UPCTN

(4+'&4+%* ++ FGT '4056*#(6' (TGFGTKEM YCU OCTITCXG QH /GKUUGP CPF NCPFITCXG QH 6JWTKPIKC *G UVTQXG VQYCTFU RGCEGHWN FGXGNQROGPV +P JKU HCVJGT KP NCY ITCPVGF JKO VJG DWTITCXKCVG #NVGPDWTI KP HKGH +P JG YCPVGF VQ RWTEJCUG VJG EQWPV[ 1TNCOÃ&#x2019;PFG 6JKU ECWUGF VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT 1TNCOÃ&#x2019;PFG 5EJYCT\DWTI CPF VJG #TEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ VQ QRRQUG YJKEJ KP VWTP NGF VQ VJG 6JWTKPIKCP EQOKVCN YCT VJCV GPFGF KP KP VJG XKEVQT[ QH (TGFGTKEM #U C TGUWNV VJG EQWPVU QH 9GKOCT 1TNCOÃ&#x2019;PFG JCF VQ CEMPQYNGFIG 9GVVKP HGWFCN UWRTGOCE[ *KU TGPQYP YCU UWEJ VJCV VJG 9KVVGNUDCEJ HCOKN[ QHHGTGF JKO VJG TQ[CN ETQYP CV VJG FGOKUG QH 'ORGTQT .QWKU +8 *G FGENKPGF *G QTFCKPGF VJCV JG DG UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU QNFGUV UQP CU (TGFGTKEM +++ QP JKU FGOKUG JQNFKPI IWCTFKCPUJKR QXGT VJG QVJGT UQPU $CNVJCUCT CPF 9KNNKCO # FKXKUKQP QH VJG FQOKPKQP YCU VJWU CXQKFGF

$TGKVGT )TQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q (4+& Q &+ Q )4Å&#x2030;# Q 684+0) Q .#0)4#8Å&#x2030; Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP : )415585 : /#4%* : /;50'05+5 : -TWI IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

299

MEISSEN

'.+5#$'6* YKFQY QH (4+'&4+%* +

*QJNRHGPPKI )QVJC # .GVVGT ' QP VJG GFIG ) 1 6 # -TWI 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTM VQPG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 2QUGTP -NGVV 6CH 5NI $CJTHGNFV 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 5NI -TWI 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP YCU CFQRVGF HTQO VJG ECVCNQIWG 5IN -TWI

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

*QJNRHGPPKI 'KUGPCEJ # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI QP VJG GFIG ; 5 ' 0 2QUGTP -NGVV 6H IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI

/GKUUGP 9+.*'./ + (CVG JCF UECVVGTGF VJG QPEG OKIJV[ NCPF QH /GKUUGP 6JWTKPIKC 9KNNKCO UQWIJV VQ GZRCPF JKU VGTTKVQT[ GURGEKCNN[ VJTQWIJ RWTEJCUGU +P JG QDVCKPGF C NKGP QP $TCPFGPDWTI YJKEJ JG NQUV CICKP KP JQYGXGT *KU RWTEJCUGU FKF OWEJ VQ YGCMGP VJG HKPCPEKCN RQUKVKQP #U C TGUWNV VCZGU YGTG TCKUGF CPF EQKPCIG FGVGTKQTCVGF 6JG GHHGEVU YGTG HGNV KP RCTVKEWNCT D[ VJG RQQT TWTCN RQRWNCVKQP

-TGW\ITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q 9+.* Q &+ Q )4# Q 684+0) Q .#0)4#8+5 Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP ETQUU KP HTQPV CPF RGNNGV DGJKPF JKO Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 Q -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ $GTNKP

300

MEISSEN

-TGW\ITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q 9+.* Q &+ Q )4# Q 684+0) Q .#0)4#8+5 Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP ETQUU KP HTQPV CPF VYQ RGNNGVU DGJKPF JKO )415585 /#4%* /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

.CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

9+.*'./ ++ /WEJ VQ VJG TGUGPVOGPV QH JKU QNFGT DTQVJGT (TGFGTKEM +8 9KNNKCO ++ YCU C UQP QH (TGFGTKEM +++ CPF JCF VYQ DTQVJGTU (TGFGTKEM +8 VJG NCVGT RTKPEG GNGEVQT CPF )GQTIG 9KNNKCO ++ RTGUGPVGF JKOUGNH CU VJG TKIJVHWN UWEEGUUQT VQ JKU WPENG 9KNNKCO + KP VJG UVGO NCPF QH /GKUUGP *QYGXGT PQVJKPI OWEJ EJCPIGF CV VJCV OQOGPV +P VJG 6TGCV[ QH 0CWODWTI DTQMG VJG FGCFNQEM 6JG OWEJ OQTG KORQTVCPV (TGFGTKEM +8 TGEGKXGF /GKUUGP CPF 9KNNKCO ++ YCU IKXGP 1UVGTNCPF *G FKGF VJGTG EJKNFNGUU KP

5EJKNFITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN WPFGT UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI YKVJ % 4 8 KP VJG CPINGU Q Q 9+.* Q &+ Q )4# Q 684+0) Q .#0) 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ UJKGNF QH .CPFUDGTI Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 Q -TWI IT 44 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ +V KU PQV ENGCT YJKEJ EQKPU 9KNNKCO ++ UVTWEM KP /GKUUGP CPF YJKEJ KP 1UVGTNCPF 6JKU QPG KU NKUVGF WPFGT /GKUUGP HQT PQY

301

MEISSEN (4+'&4+%* +8 FGT 564'+6$#4' 'XGP FWTKPI VJG NKHGVKOG QH (TGFGTKEM +++ (TGFGTKEM +8 VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGTU 9KNNKCO ++ Ŏ CPF )GQTIG Ŏ YGTG QHHGTGF VJG RTQURGEV QH QYPKPI 1UVGTNCPF (TGFGTKEM +8 YCU CP GURGEKCNN[ VCNGPVGF OCP *G YCU QPN[ GNGXGP [GCTU QNF CV VJG VKOG QH JKU UWEEGUUKQP CPF JG ECOG WPFGT IWCTFKCPUJKR QH JKU OQVJGT -CVJCTKPC EQWPVGUU QH *GPPGDGTI 5EJNGWUKPIGP 5JG FKGF KP 9JGP 9KNNKCO + FKGF KP (TGFGTKEM OCPCIGF VQ CXQKF HWTVJGT FKXKUKQP FGURKVG VJG VTQWDNGU VJG *WUUKVG 9CT ECWUGF JKO JG GXGP JCF VQ EQOG VQ VJG CKF QH 5KIKUOWPF KP 2TCIWG KP 9JGP VJG NCUV #UECPKCP 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT #NDGTV +++ QH 5CZQP[ FKGF YKVJQWV KUUWG KP (TGFGTKEM +8 UWRRQTVGF D[ OCP[ CPF YKVJ VJG EQPUGPV QH 5KIKUOWPF YCU GNGEVGF UWEEGUUQT 1P ,CPWCT[ JG DGECOG RTKPEG GNGEVQT QH 5CZQP[ /GKUUGP CU (TGFGTKEM + UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT 5CZQP[ 9JGP JKU DTQVJGT 9KNNKCO ++ FKGF EJKNFNGUU KP 1UVGTNCPF HGNN DCEM VQ /GKUUGP (TGFGTKEM FKGF QP ,CPWCT[

)TQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q (4+& Q &+ Q )4# Q 674+0) Q .#0)4#8+5 Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP YKVJ RGNNGV KP HTQPV Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 Q -TWI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

$TGKVGT /GKUUGPGT )TQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q (4+& Q &+ Q )4# Q 684+0 .#0)4#8+' Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP ETQUU DGJKPF JKO Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 Q -TWI IT 5OCNN FQWDNG UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

*GNOITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG CPF % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU : (4+& Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 684+0) Q .#0) 4 *GNOGV YKVJ ETGUV )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

302

MEISSEN

5EJKNFITQUEJGP (TGKDWTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q (4+& Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 674+0) Q .#0) Q 4 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP QH /GKUUGP DGVYGGP VJTGG TQUGVVGU : )415585 Q /#4%*+1 Q /+50'05 : -TWI IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG 0QTKPI &QTVOWPF

5EJKNFITQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG CPF % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU : ( Q 9 Q ( Q &'+ Q )4#%+# Q 674+0) Q .#0) 4 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP QH /GKUUGP : )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ (TGFGTKEM +8 VQIGVJGT YKVJ 9KNNKCO ++ CPF .CPFITCXG (TGFGTKEM 6JG UKPING FQV UWTTQWPFGF D[ HKXG FQVU KU VJG OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U UKIP

6JÃ&#x2019;TKPIGP $#.6*#5#4 +P VJG IWCTFKCPUJKR QH (TGFGTKEM +++ QXGT JKU DQVJ DTQVJGTU $CNVJCUCT CPF 9KNJGNO + GPFGF +P JG VQQM QXGT TGKIP KP 6JWTKPIKC 6JG EQWPVT[ YCU JKIJN[ XQNCVKNG CPF JG UGV CDQWV TGUVQTKPI RGCEG +P JG ECOG KPVQ RQUUGUUKQP QH VJG *GPPGDGTI NCPFU VJTQWIJ OCTTKCIG 9JGP VJG NCUV EQWPV QH -Â·HGTPDWTI FKGF JG TGEGKXGF VJKU EQWPV[ CU YGNN *G YCIGF YCT CICKPUV *GUUGP CPF NCKF UKGIG VQ -CUUGN DWV VQ PQ CXCKN *G FKGF QP /C[ QP VJG 9CTVDWTI CPF NGHV QPG UQP (TGFGTKEM +8 D[ JKU HKTUV YKHG

$TGKVGT )TQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q $#.6* Q &+ Q )4# Q 674+ Q .#0)4 Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP QXGT RGNNGV Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 Q -TWI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM VTCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ RGTKQF QH IWCTFKCPUJKR

(Ã&#x2019;TUVGPITQUEJGP 5CPIGTJCWUGP # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU Q $#.6*# Q &+ Q )4#%+# Q 674+0) Q .#0) Q 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP D CPF TKPI KP HTQPV RGNNGV DGJKPF JKO )415585 /#4%* /+50'05+5 -TWI IT # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ $GTNKP

RGTKQF QH CWVQPQOQWU IQXGTPOGPV

303

WEIDA-GERA (4+'&4+%* FGT (4+'&('46+)' (TGFGTKEM YCU OCTTKGF VQ VJG FCWIJVGT QH )Ò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

)TQUEJGP (TGKDGTI # (NQTKCVGF ETQUU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ % 4 8 : KP VJG CPINGU (4+& Q F &+ Q )4# Q 684+0) Q .#0)4#8+5 4 .KQP QH /GKUUGP ( KP HTQPV CPF TKPI DGJKPF JKO Q )415585 Q /#4%* Q /+50'05+5 -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ $GTNKP (KTUV VJGTG YCU C $ DGHQTG VJG NKQP QH $CNVJCUCT NCVGT CP ( QH (TGFGTKEM

*QJNRHGPPKI 'KUGPCEJ # 6YQ NGVVGTU ( QP VJG GFIG ; 5 ' 0 # 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI -TWI IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG .CWIYKV\ /GP\GN $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ 2QUGTP -NGVV 6H

*QJNRHGPPKI ,GPC # 5JKGNF YKVJ ITCRGU QP VJG GFIG + J ' P ' 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 2QUGTP -NGVV 6H 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI #VVTKDWVKQP VQ (TGFGTKEM VJG 2GCEGHWN YCU CFQRVGF HTQO VJG ECVCNQIWG QH VJG 5IN -TWI

+P 9KNNKCO +++ DTQVJGT QH 2TKPEG 'NGEVQT (TGFGTKEM ++ UWEEGGFGF VQ VJG 6JWTKPIKCP VJTQPG 6JG EQKPU UVTWEM D[ JKO CTG NKUVGF WPFGT ŋ'NGEVQTCVG 5CEJUGPŌ CU JG DGCTU VJG VKVNG &8: 5#:10+' QP JKU EQKPCIG 8¤)6' QH 9'+&# )'4# )GTC YCU C EQPXGPV QH 3WGFNKPDWTI YJGTG VJG CDDGUUGU UVTWEM EQKP 6JGTG YCU CNUQ C 8QIV YJQ JKOUGNH GZGTEKUGF C TKIJV QH OKPV +P 9GKFC VJG NQECN 8ÌIVG CNUQ OKPVGF JQYGXGT QH 9GKFC VJGTG CTG PQ 3WGFNKPDWTI EQKPU +P 9GKFC *GPT[ ++ HTQO VQ *GPT[ : VQ OKPVGF EQPUGEWVKXGN[

*'+04+%* ++ FGT 4'+%*' CPF *'+04+%* +++ FGT .6'4'

$TCMVGCV )GTC # 6YQ ETQUUGU YKVJ VYQ XGTVKECN NKPGU DGVYGGP VJGO )'4# ! *CWUOCPP IT 44 8GT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI 2GP\KI *GUU PQ 'Z 5NI -TWI 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5W-

304

LAUSITZ

*'+04+%* 8+++ QFGT *'+04+%* +:

$TCMVGCV 9GKFC # 8QIV DGVYGGP VYQ URGCTU / 0 / 0 *CWUOCPP IT

4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z -TWI EQNNGEVKQP 5W- 5NI $WEJGPCW CPF 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI 1DGT WPF 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ WPVGT DÌJOKUEJGT *GTTUEJCHV WPVGT 9GP \GN +

*'+04+%* +:

$TCMVGCV 9GKFC # 8QIV HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ JCNXG NKU CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU QP VJG JGCF / 8 / 8 *CWUOCPP IT 4 8GT[ HKPG *ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ 5W-

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

YJKEJ 1VVQ VJG 4KEJ JCF VQ TGNKPSWKUJ CICKP KP

ŋ.CPFŌ $CWV\GP -104#& XQP 9'66+0

$TCMVGCV $CWV\GP # %CUVNG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF RQTVCN VJG VQYGT KP VJG OKFFNG DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 0CW 5EJYKPMQYUMK 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5QDTGUNCX + IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV C /CKP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z #NNGTVUGFGT EQNNGEVKQP (F 2WUEJYKV\ %QKPU QH VJKU V[RG FQOKPCVGF VJG JQCTF 2WUEJYKV\ KV EQPVCKPGF URGEKOGPU QH VJKU V[RG YJKEJ VJWU CEEQWPVGF HQT CNOQUV JCNH QH VJG JQCTF # UOCNN RCTV QH VJKU JQCTF HQWPF KVU YC[ VQ VJG OWUGWO QH &TGUFGP DWV VJG NKQPŉ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·VVGT R G X

305

WÜRZBURG 6JG ŋNCPFŌ $CWV\GP YGPV VQ $TCPFGPDWTI KP +P )ÌTNKV\ YCU UGRCTCVGF CPF DGECOG CP KPFG RGPFGPV FWEJ[ CV YJKEJ OQOGPV VJG NCPF $CWV\GP YGPV VQ $QJGOKC 6JG YGCM CFOKPKUVTCVKQP QH VJG *CDUDWTIGTU NGF PQDKNKV[ VQ VTCPUHGT CWVJQTKV[ VQ /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU QH *WPICT[ /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU OCPKHGUVGF VJKU D[ KPEQTRQTCVKPI VJG CTOU QH .CWUKV\ KPVQ VJG FGUKIP QH JKU 5KNGUKCP EQKPCIG UGG PQ +P RQYGT HGNN VQ 9NCFKUNCY QH 2QNCPF CPF KP VQ VJG *QWUG *CDUDWTI HQT VJKU UGG 5KNGUKC +V VQQM WPVKN VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ DGHQTG VJG ŋNCPFUŌ $CWV\GP )ÌTNKV\ CPF <KVVCW CU EQWPVGT RCTVU QH 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ YQWNF DG TGHGTTGF VQ CU 1DGTNCWUKV\ 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ +P 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ FGXQNXGF VQ &KGVTKEJ QH .CPFUDGTI DWV HGNN VQ VJG OCKP DTCPEJ CICKP KP *GPT[ VJG +NNWUVTKQWUŉ ITCPFUQP &KG\OCPP UQNF VJG NCPFU VQ $TCPFGPDWTI 7RQP VJG GZVKPEVKQP QH VJG #UECPKCPU KP 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ HGNN VQ &WMG 4WFQNH QH 5CZQP[ CPF &WMG *GPT[ QH ,CWGT (TQO VQ C NCTIG UJCTG YCU CICKP RNGFIGF VQ VJG 9GVVKPU CU C NKGP # UGEQPF NKGP CFOKPKUVTCVKQP D[ VJG 9GVVKP *QWUG TCP HTQO VQ +P 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ FGXQNXGF VQ $QJGOKC WPVKN

*#75 9'66+0

$TCMVGCV PF JCNXG VJ EGPVWT[ # 6YQ JGPU 5NI $QPJQHH EH IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

*ÌJP .GKR\KI #WEVKQP PQ $CJTHGNF 0KGFGTNCWUKV\ 6JKU EQKP QEEWTGF KP VJG JQCTFU 9QNMGPDGTI (KPUVGTYCNFG .WDDGP )TQUUDTKGUGP /QGJQY CPF 5VCT\GFFGN CNN QH YJKEJ YGTG FGUETKDGF D[ $CJTHGNFV

(4#0-'0

&+1%'5' 9ª4<$74) 6JG QTKIKPCN PCOG QH 9ÒT\DWTI KU 7DWTIKU YJKEJ RGTJCRU UJQWNF DG TGCF CU 9WT\KU .CVGT FQEWOGPVU OGPVKQP VJG PCOGU QH 8KTVGDWTJ VJ EGPVWT[ CPF 9KT\KDWTI VJ EGPVWT[ YJKEJ NGCF VQ 9KTVK\

)GTOCP QT 9KT\ 1NF *KIJ )GTOCP OGCPKPI 9ÒT\MTCWV UGCUQPKPI JGTD JGTDKRQNKU KP .CVKP +P /GTQXKPIKCP VKOGU VJG *GFGPGU TGUKFGF KP VJG CTGC 9KVJ VJGO VJG JKUVQT[ QH -KNKCP VQQM RNCEG -KNKCP YCU CP +TKUJOCP CPF OQUV NKMGN[ CNTGCF[ C DKUJQR *G RTCEVKEGF GXCPIGNKUCVKQP OCKPN[ COQPI VJG JGCVJGP FWECN HCOKN[ *G EQPHTQPVGF VJGO YKVJ GEENGUKCUVKECN LWUVKEG CPF FGOCPFGF QP VJQUG ITQWPFU VJCV &WMG )QUDGTV FKXQTEG JKU YKHG )GKNCPC YJQ OC[ JCXG DGGP JKU FGCF DTQVJGTŉU YKHG )GKNCPC FKF PQV EQORN[ CPF ECWUGF -KNKCP CPF JKU VYQ JGNRGTU -QNQPCV CPF 6QVPCP VQ DG MKNNGF $KUJQR $WTEJCTF C FKQEGUG GZKUVKPI UKPEG QTFGTGF -KNKCPŉ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ÒT\DWTI 6JKU OGCPV VJG GPF QH VJG *GPPGDGTI IWCTFKCPUJKR X 6JÒTKPIGP *GPPGDGTI $KUJQR %QPTCF QH 3WGTHWTV TGNQECVGF JKU FKQEGUG VQ VJG /CTKGPDGTI $KUJQR *GTOCPP + QH .QFGDWTI GPFGF VJG GZVGPUKQP QH VJG VGTTKVQT[ 9ÒT\DWTI CPF CUUWOGF VJG VKVNG QH XKUEQWPV 1P VJG EQKPU XCT[KPI HQTOU QH VJG RNCEGŉU PCOG OC[ QEEWT (KTUV YG HKPF 88+4'$84) VJGP UWFFGPN[ 9ÒT\DWTI 88+4<$84) KU OGPVKQPGF VQ OCMG RNCEG CICKP HQT *'4$+21.+5 5V -KNKCP KU CNYC[U RQTVTC[GF CU C DKUJQR YKVJ C OKVTG C UYQTF CPF VJG DQQM

1661 ++

&GPCT # 1 6 a 6 1 ETQUU UJCRGF + / 2 ' 4 # 6 a 4 *QN\MKTEJG YKVJ RGNNGV KP EGPVTG 5 a -+.+#085 &CPPGPDGTI 'JYCNF -GNNPGT -NWIG IT 44 $GPV QVJGTYKUG YGNN EGPVGTGF CPF EQORNGVGN[ NGIKDNG VGZV XGT[ HKPG *QKNCPF -QRGPJCIGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z $GEMGT EQNNGEVKQP 'Z .WPFKP -NWIG FQGU PQV OGPVKQP CYCTFKPI TKIJV QH EQKPCIG

306

WÜRZBURG 4GKIP QH $+5%*1( /'+0*#4& +

&GPCT # *GCF T 5%5 -+. +# 085 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ TKPI KP EGPVTG CPF RGNNGV KP ICDNG 88+4% '$84% &CPPGPDGTI 'JYCNF -GNNPGT IT (NCP ETCEM CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

$KUJQR /GKPJCTFŉU UWEEGUUQT YCU $TWPQ *G YCU CP KORQTVCPV TGRTGUGPVCVKXG QH VJG 1VVQPKCP 5CNKCP KORGTKCN EJWTEJ U[UVGO /QTGQXGT JG YCU QPG QH VJG OQUV KPHNWGPVKCN CFXKUGTU QH *GPT[ +++ CEVKPI HQT KPUVCPEG CU OGFKCVQT KP *GPT[ŉU OCTTKCIG VQ #IPGU QH 2QKVKGTU *G KPKVKCVGF VJG EQPUVTWEVKQP QH C PGY ECVJGFTCN KP 9ÒT\DWTI &WTKPI C VTKR VQ *WPICT[ GUEQTVKPI *GPT[ +++ JG FKGF QP /C[ VJ KP 2GTUGPDWTI KP #WUVTKC #RRCTGPVN[ JG RNC[GF UWEJ CP KORQTVCPV TQNG VJCV JKU PCOG YKVJ QT YKVJQWV GRKUEQRWU KP VJG HQTO QH C OQPQITCO KU HQWPF QP OCP[ NCVGT EQKPU

-104#& + XQP 37'4(746

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF DKUJQR YKVJ HNCI CPF ETQUKGT HCEKPI 5 5#' 4 $WUV YKVJ ETQUU CPF RCNO NGCH HCEKPI YKVJKP EJWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU 88+4'%$84) 'JYCNF IT 4 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 'TPUV 2TKP\ \W 9KPFKUEJ )T·V\ EQNNGEVKQP PQ #HVGT 88+4'%$84) UQOGVJKPI OWUV HQNNQY LWFIKPI HTQO VJG URCEG NGHV QRGP 'JYCNF UWIIGUVU %1285 CPF %'%+5 #PQVJGT RQUUKDKNKV[ KU VJCV VJKU V[RG UJQWNF DG CUETKDGF VQ *GPT[ +++ QH $GTI KP YJKEJ ECUG KV UJQWNF DG 'JYCNF HQT QPN[ VJGTG C RCNO KU OGPVKQPGF +P O[ QRKPKQP VJG NGVVGTU QP VJG HTQPV ECPPQV RQUUKDN[ DG TGCF CU *'+04+%85 VJG NGIKDNG NGVVGTU YQWNF TCVJGT HKV KP YKVJ %QPTCF +U VJG DWUV QP VJG TGXGTUG $TWPQŉU!

5VCTVKPI YKVJ $KUJQR *GPT[ +8 C FKHHGTGPV EQKP CURGEV CRRGCTGF (KPKUJKPI YCU UNQRR[ KPUETKRVKQPU DCTGN[ NGIKDNG 'URGEKCNN[ KP 1VVQ QH .QDFGDWTI EQKPCIG QDXGTUG CPF TGXGTUG CU YGNN CU KPUETKRVKQPU QEEWTTGF KP C FKUQTFGTN[ HCUJKQP

*'+04+%* +8 %#5'75 XQP *'55$'4)

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI *'+0 4+%8 5 4 %JWTEJ 88+4+0ő 'JYCNF IT 44 # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

*WK\KPIC &GNHV 5NI 2KNQV[ MPQYU QPG PWODGT QPN[ YJKEJ KU CP QDQNG YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQQM /C[DG VJKU KU QPG QH VJG NCUV V[RGU QH *GKPTKEJ DGECWUG VJG QDXGTUG HKVU VQ VJG GCTN[ EQKPU QH 1VVQ + XQP .QDFGDWTI

EH 'JYCNF CPF YJKNG VJG EJWTEJ QP VJG TGXGTUG HKVU DGVVGT VQ *GKPTKEJ +8 %CUGWU EH 'J YCNF CPF CPF VJG VGZV ENGCTN[ TGCFU ő 4+%85

307

WÜRZBURG 1661 + XQP .1$&'$74)

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR 5CKPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQQM HCEKPI 88+4%'$ 84) 4 /QPQITCO QH $TWPQ 166 1 '2+ 5%1285 'JYCNF IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

*WK\KPIC &GNHV 'JYCNF LWUVN[ URGCMU QH C ŋDWUV YKVJ OKVTGŌ HQT KP O[ QRKPKQP JGTG YG UGG PQV VJG DKUJQR DWV 5V -KNKCP 6JG UYQTF KU EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT JKO 6JG UCOG IQGU HQT CNN V[RGU QH 1VVQ + QH .QDFGDWTI

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR 5CKPV YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQQM HCEKPI 88+4%'$84) TGVTQITCFG 4 /QPQITCO QH $TWPQ 1 68'11 1 'JYCNF IT 8GT[ HKPG *WK\KPIC &GNHV 'JYCNF IKXGU 1661 '2+5%1285 TGVTQITCFG CU VGZV TGXGTUG

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UYQTF HCEKPI 88+ő 84) 'JYCNF

EH IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG *WK\KPIC &GNHV 6JKU KU VJG UCOG CU PQ JQYGXGT YKVJQWV TGXGTUG

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF HNCI HCEKPI 1661 '25% 4 %JWTEJ QXGT VTKRRNGF CTEJ YKVJ ETQUU KP EGPVTG 88+4 %'$8 4) 'JYCNF IT 7PEGPVGTGF CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG *WK\KPIC &GNHV 'JYCNF IKXGU CU VGZV QDXGTUG 1661 '25%

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI RGNNGV QXGT DQQM 161 5ő TGVTQITCFG 4 %JWTEJ QXGT CTEJ YKVJ HCEG KP EGPVTG 161őő TGVTQITCFG 'JYCNF IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI VYQ TKPIU KP HKGNF 1661 '2+5%1285

TGVTQITCFG 'JYCNF EH IT (NCP ETCEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG

*WK\KPIC &GNHV 6JKU EQKP KU RCTVKCNN[ QXGTUVTWEM 6JKU EQKP KU VJG UCOG CU PQ JQYGXGT YKVJQWV TGXGTUG

308

*WK\KPIC &GNHV +H VJG QDXGTUG CPF TGXGTUG VGZVU JCXG DGGP RTQRGTN[ TGCF DQVJ UKFGU UJQY VJG PCOG QH C DKUJQR 'JYCNF IKXGU CU VGZV QDXGTUG 8+4 CPF CU VGZV TGXGTUG 161

WÜRZBURG

$'46*1.& ++ XQP 56'40$'4)

2HGPPKI # 5 $KUJQR 5CKPV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UYQTF 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ TQUGVVG KP RQTVCN *%+18 'JYCNF IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

)'4*#4& XQP 5%*9#4<$74)

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR 5CKPV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UYQTF HCEKPI )'4$ *#4& 4 /QPQITCO QH $TWPQ 9+4<$74) 'JYCNF IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP *GTG HQT VJG HKTUV CPF QPN[ VKOG 9ÒT\DWTI CU 9KT\DWTI CRRGCTU QP C EQKP

)166(4+'& +8 5%*'0- XQP .+/274)

%QPXGPVKQPUUEJKNNKPI # 5V -KNKCP YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUKGT UVCPFKPI 5#0%685 : -+.+#085 4 5JKGNF /10 : #4)' : *'4$+21.'05 : 'JYCNF IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN ,WUV CU VJG HQNNQYKPI PWODGT VJKU KU VJG V[RG YKVJ VJG UOCNN EQCV QH CTOU CPF 4GEJGP .KORWTIGT HCOKN[ EQCV QH CTOU HNCI +P -KV\KPIGP QP #RTKN TF VJG OCTITCXGU ,QJCPP +8 CPF #NDTGEJV GPVGTGF KPVQ C [GCT EQKPCIG CITGGOGPV YKVJ VJG DKUJQRU QH $CODGTI CPF 9ÒT\DWTI *GPPG 9CNVGTWKV QH (TCPMHWTV YCU KPUVCNNGF CU OQPG[GT KP 9ÒT\DWTI *G YCU IKXGP VJG HQNNQYKPI CUUKIPOGPV GKPGP DKUEJQXG WH GKO UVWNG OKV GKPGO VCDGTPCEMGN WPF FCTWOD FKG 5EJTKHV ŉ5CPMVWU -[NKCPWUŉ WPF WH FGT CPFGTP UGKVGP GKP SWCTVKTV UEJKNV IGOKUEJV FCU JGT\QIVJWO WPF FCU DCPGT OKV WPUGTO FGU RHNGIGTU YCRRGP WPF FKG WOD UEJTKHV UQNN NCWVGP /QPGVC CTIGPVGC *GTDKRQNGPUKU HTQO 'JYCNF R C DKUJQR QP C EJCKT YKVJ C VCDGTPCENG UWTTQWPFGF D[ VJG VGZV ō5CPMVWU -[NKCPWUŋ CPF QP VJG QVJGT UKFG C SWCTVGTGF UJKGNF VJG FWEJ[ CPF VJG DCPPGT OKZGF YKVJ QWT VJG KPKVKCVQTUŉ EQCV QH CTOU CPF VJG NGIGPF OWUV TGCF /QPGVC CTIGPVGC *GTDKRQNGPUKU

%QPXGPVKQPUUEJKNNKPI # 5V -KNKCP YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUKGT UVCPFKPI 5#0%685 -+.+#085 : 4 5JKGNF /10 : #4)'ŉ : *'4$+21.'05ŉ 'JYCNF IT 8GT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

309

WÜRZBURG

%QPXGPVKQPUUEJKNNKPI # 5V -KNKCP YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUKGT UVCPFKPI 5#0%685 -+.+#085 : 4 5JKGNF /10 : #4)' : *'4$+21.'05 'JYCNF IT 8GT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ CPF 4GEJGP HNCI HCOKN[ EQCV QH CTOU

,1*#00 +++ XQP )47/$#%*

5EJKNNKPI # 5V -KNKCP YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUKGT UVCPFKPI 5#0%685 -+.+#085 4 5JKGNF QH (TCPMGP )TWODCEJ /10 : #4) : *'4$+21.'05 : 'JYCNF IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI %GTOCM 9KGP 'Z 9#) #WEVKQP PQ KPFGPVGF HNCI CV VJG TKIJV /QTG YKVJ RGFWPENG

47&1.( ++ XQP 5%*'4'0$'4)

5EJKNNKPI # 5V -KNKCP YKVJ UYQTF CPF ETQUKGT UVCPF 5#0%685 -+.+#085 4 5JKGNF 48&1.( : '2+5 : *'4$+21. 'JYCNF IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 'JYCNF UJQYU C VCRGTGF EQCV QH CTOU KU TQWPF 6JKU NQQMU OQTG NKMG /QTGQXGT VJG *GTDKRQN QPN[ CRRGCTU KP

310

BAMBERG

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ÒT\DWTI CPF 'KEJUV·VV JCF VQ TGNKPSWKUJ VGTTKVQT[ *GPT[ ++ FQPCVGF OCP[ ITGCVN[ UECVVGTGF VGTTKVQTKGU *GPEGHQTVJ VJG RTQRGTV[ KP 8KNNCEJ UGEWTGF VJG RCUUCIG VJTQWIJ VJG #NRU CPF VJG TQCF VQ 4QOG $CODGTI YCU C HCXQWTKVG RNCEG HQT *GPT[ ++ CPF JKU YKHG -WPKIWPFG YJQ TGUKFGF VJGTG QHVGP CHVGT VJGKT OCTTKCIG KP 7R VQ VJG 5VCWHGT GTC KV YCU VJG FGEQT QH OCP[ KORGTKCN FKGVU *GPT[ EQPUKFGTGF VJG HQWPFCVKQP QH $CODGTI VQ DG JKU HKPGUV CEJKGXGOGPV 6JG HKTUV DKUJQR QH $CODGTI 'DGTJCTF + YCU CRRQKPVGF D[ *GPT[ ++ 7PFGT DKUJQR 'MJCTF VJG EJWTEJ CEJKGXGF KVU HKPCN UJCRG 6JG TGUKFGPEG YCU WUGF D[ VJG MKPIU +P 2JKNKRR QH 5YCDKC YCU MKNNGF JGTG 6JG HKTUV GXKFGPEG QH TKIJV QH EQKPCIG KU HTQO QH -QPTCF ++ 1P VJG HKTUV EQKP QH VJG FKQEGUG $CO DGTI VJG PCOG 5V -KNKCP UVKNN QEEWTU

*'4/#00 ++ XQP #74+%*

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP * CPF ' JCPFU CPF UVCTU QP VJG GFIG 4 $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI -TWI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CPF WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO -TWI UJQRU C DKUJQR KP OKVTG -TWI KU C TQ[CN OKPV CPF UJQYU C ETQYPGF DWUV QDXGTUG 6Q O[ OKPF JGTG YG UGG C V[RG -TWI TGHGTU VQ 9KNN $NP/$+ R CPF VQ X 5EJTÌVVGT KP *CPFDWEJ D[ ,GUUG )CGVVGPU R +P VJKU ECUG * CPF ' FQ PQV UVCPF HQT *'4/#0085 '2+5%1285 DWV CTG UJQTV HQT *GPT[ HQWPFGT QH FKQEGUG $CODGTI KP 1H PQ -TWI MPQYU QPG URGEKOGP QH PQ PQPG ,WUV CU KP PQ VJG DKUJQRŉU OKVTG KU CV CP CPING

*GTOCPP ++ YCU UWEEGGFGF CU DKUJQR D[ 1VVQ ++ QH #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP OGODGT QH VJG HCOKN[ QH EQWPVU QH #PFGEJU CPF FWMGU QH /GTCPKGP YJQ JGNF CORNG GUVCVGU KP 7RRGT (TCPEQPKC 7RRGT $CXCTKC 6KTQN CPF +UVTKC 6JKU HCOKN[ YCU VQ JQNF VJG DKUJQRŉU UGG QH $CODGTI HQT [GCTU 1VVQ YCU C EQPHKFCPV QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC

')$'46 XQP #0&'%*5 /'4#0+'0 5VTKEVN[ YG UJQWNF URGCM QH 'IDGTV QH #PFGEJU +P -KPI 2JKNKRR QH 5YCDKC YCU OWTFGTGF D[ EQWPV RCNCVKPG 1VVQ QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ KP VJG GRKUEQRCN RCNCEG QH $CODGTI 'IDGTV YCU EJCTIGF CU CEEQORNKEG CPF VJG KORGTKCN DCP YCU RTQPQWPEGF QP JKO YJGTGWRQP JG HNGF VQ *WPICT[ 6JTQWIJ VJG RQRGŉU OGFKCVKQP VJG DCP YCU NKHVGF KP CPF JG TGVWTPGF VQ $CODGTI *G VQQM RCTV KP C ETWUCFG +P JG NCKF VJG HKTUV UVQPG HQT VJG PGY ECVJGFTCN QH $CODGTI YJKEJ YCU EQPUGETCVGF KP VJG QNF QPG JCXKPI DWTPV FQYP KP 'IDGTV FKGF KP 8KGPPC

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING YKVJKP USWCTG VJG NKODU QH VJG USWCTG GPFKPI KP NKU 4 $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM -TWI IT 5OCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

311

BAMBERG

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP TKPIU VKGF VQ VJG OKVTG 4 'PVJTQPGF DKUJQR YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT -TWI IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

2HGPPKI # %JWTEJ YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ YKVJ HCEG KP EGPVTG 4 .COD YKVJ ETQUU RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG -TWI IT 5OCNN HNCP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG EJWTEJ YKVJ HQWT UVGGRNGU QDXGTUG JCU VJG HQTO QH VJG ECVJGFTCN QH $CODGTI VJCV YCU HKPKUJGF WPFGT 'IDGTV

2HGPPKI # %JWTEJ YKVJ HQWT VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ YKVJ HCEG KP EGPVTG 4 .COD YKVJ ETQUU -TWI IT 7PEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

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ÒTKPIGP YCU VCMGP JQUVCIG D[ VJG EQWPV QH -·HGTPDWTI CPF C JKIJ TCPUQO YCU FGOCPFGF HQT JKU TGNGCUG

2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ CPING GKIJV TQUGVVGU QP VJG GFIG 4 $KUJQR UVCTU QP VJG GFIG -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO %QDWTI (TQO (F X 7PVGTYQJNUDCEJ PQ -TWI OGPVKQPU VJCV VJG DKUJQR QP TGXGTUG KU JCTFN[ XKUKDNG 6JG UCOG CRRNKGU JGTG

312

BAMBERG

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV T YKVJ UVCHH GPFKPI KP NKU TQUGVVGU QP VJG GFIG 4 $WUV QH C DKUJQR YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUKGT JCTFN[ XKUKDNG -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG

-·UVPGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ *GTG YG UGG C $CODGTI TGRNKEC QH C RHGPPKI HTQO 0WTGODGTI 'TNCPIGT 'TNCPIGT 4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG #PJCPI (QT VJG OGCPKPI QH VJG MKPI DKUJQR V[RG UGG $NH/\H 5R -TWI OGPVKQPU VJCV VJG DWUV QH VJG DKUJQR QP TGXGTUG KU JCTFN[ TGEQIPKUCDNG 6JG UCOG CRRNKGU JGTG

2HGPPKI # .KQP YKVJ GCINGU JGCF N 4 'CING YKVJ YKPIU JCTFN[ XKUKDNG -TWI IT 5GJT UEJÌP

6WTSWCV /QPVRGNNKGT *GTG VQQ VJG TGXGTUG KU JCTFN[ TGEQIPKUCDNG

#401.& XQP 51./5 6JKU DKUJQR YCU JCTFN[ GXGT KP $CODGTI *G YCU CP CFXKUGT VQ -KPI 9GPEGUNCU ++ QH $QJGOKC 6JG DWTFGP QH FGDV QH VJG FKQEGUG ITGY UVGCFKN[ CPF OCP[ RQUUGUUKQPU JCF VQ DG RCYPGF *G VQQM QXGT VJG QEVQHQNKCVG TQUGVVG HTQO JKU RTGFGEGUUQT

2HGPPKI # 4QUGVVG YKVJ GKIJV URQMGU QP VJG GFIG HQWT CTEJGU YKVJ ETQUUGU DGVYGGP VJGO 4 %NGTKECN DWUV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUU JCTFN[ XKUKDNG -TWI IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO %QDWTI (TQO (F X 7PVGTYQJNUDCEJ PQ 6JG DWUV QH C ENGTKE KU DCTGN[ XKUKDNG

.'721.& + XQP )4ª0&.#%* 9KVJ .GWRQNF + QH )TÒPFNCEJ VJG NGIGPF TGVWTPU PCOG QH DKUJQR RNCEG #HVGT PQ $CODGTI EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM WPFGT UGXGP DKUJQRU HQT [GCTU 6JKU KPVGTTWRVKQP KU GZRNCKPGF D[ VJG QRRTGUUKXG EQKPKPI QH 5EJY·DKUEJ *CNNGT *CPFRHGPPKIU D[ (NQTGPVKPG GPVTGRTGPGWTU

2HGPPKI # /KVTGF JGCF HCEKPI : .821.&85 '2% 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF TQUGVVG KP RQTVCN : $#$ '0$ ' 4% -TWI F IT 8GT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ ō2HGPPKI CWH 9ÒT\DWTIGT 5EJNCIŋ 1DXGTUG -TWI F 4GXGTUG -TWI C

313

NÜRNBERG-EGER

0ª40$'4) ')'4 5176*'40 )'4/#0; 9JGTG VJG FKQEGUGU 9ÒT\DWTI CPF $CODGTI YGTG HQEWUGF QP VJG PQTVJ 0WTGODGTI 'IGT YCU C FKHHGT GPV TGIKQP CNVQIGVJGT #U OKPVRNCEGU VJG[ YGTG HQEWUGF QP VJG UQWVJ QP VJG QPG JCPF VQYCTFU VJG JCNH DTCEVGCVGU CPF RHGPPKIU QH $CXCTKC QP VJG QVJGT VQYCTFU VJG DTCEVGCVGU OCKPN[ QH #WIUDWTI CPF &QPCWYÌTVJ 6JG TQCFU CPF VTCFG TQWVGU YGTG C FKTGEV ECWUG #P KORQTVCPV FKHHGTGPEG YKVJ VJG DTCEVGCVGU QH VJG PQTVJ KU VJCV YG GPVGT VJG YQTNF QH HCPVCU[ JGTG )GDJCTV GZRTGUUGU VJKU CU HQNNQYU KP (F *GTUDTWEM ŋ&KG $KNFGT GTHÒNNGP UKEJ OKV GKPGT PGWGP YGNVNK EJGP WPF UQ\KCNGP 5[ODQNKMŌ R VJG KOCIGU HKNN VJGOUGNXGU YKVJ C PGY UGEWNCT CPF UQEKCN U[O DQNKUO R (WTVJGTOQTG VJG CTVKUVKE CRQIGG JGTG KU HQWPF KP VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YJGTGCU KP VJG PQTVJ KV YCU TGCEJGF KP VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ (KTUVN[ VJGTG KU VJG KORQTVCPV EQPPGEVKQP QH 0WTGODGTI YKVJ 'IGT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC DQWIJV C ITGCV PWODGT QH UGWIPGWTKGU KP RCXKPI VJG TQCF DGVYGGP VJG VYQ RNCEGU CU KV YGTG CU YGNN CU C EQPPGE VKQP DGVYGGP VJG TQ[CN GUVCVGU 1PG QH VJG CKOU YCU VQ DG CDNG VQ VTCXGN VJKU KORQTVCPV TQCF YKVJQWV JCX KPI VQ EJCPIG OQPG[ #U C EQPUGSWGPEG VJGTG KU C ITGCV UKOKNCTKV[ COQPI VJG EQKPU QH 0WTGODGTI CPF 'IGT $QVJ UJQY C IKXGP QDXGTUG DWV C UNKIJVN[ FKHHGTGPV TGXGTUG 6YQ TGXGTUGU CTG UJQYP DGNQY CU CP GZCORNG 'IGT 0Q 0ÒTPDGTI 0Q 6JG NKQPU JCXG RGEWNKCTN[ FTCYP JGCFU VJCV RGTJCRU TCVJGT TGUGODNG NGQRCTFU 6JG GCING KU HCEKPI C FKHHGTGPV FKTGEVKQP 5V[NKUVKECNN[ VJG EQKPU CTG GSWCN 5GEQPFN[ C ENQUG TGNCVKQPUJKR GZKUVU DGVYGGP 0WTGODGTI 'IGT CPF #WIUDWTI &QPCWYÌTVJ (F *GTU DTWEM RQKPVU QWV VJCV VJKU CTKUGU HTQO VJG NKDGTVKGU VJG 0WTGODGTIGTU QDVCKPGF YKVJ VJG RTKXKNGIG QH 0Q XGODGT VJ ō&CPCEJ MQPPVGP FKG 0ÒTPDGTIGT -CWHNGWVG CWH FGP /GUUGP \W &QPCWYÌTVJ WPF 0ÌTFNKPIGP OKV GKIGPGT 0ÒTPDGTIGT /ÒP\G MCWHGP &GO /ÒP\OGKUVGT FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV UVCPF UQICT FCU 4GEJV \W PCEJ $GNKGDGP CP FKGUG 1TVG \W MQOOGP WPF JKGT /ÒP\GP PCEJ 0ÒTPDGTIGT 5EJNCI \W RT·IGPŋ

(TQO VJCV FC[ QP VJG 0WTGODGTI VTCFGUOGP EQWNF DW[ QP VJG &QPCWYÌTVJ CPF 0QTFNKPIGP HCKTU WUKPI VJGKT QYP EQKPU 6JG OQPG[GT QH VJKU VQYP GXGP JCF VJG TKIJV VQ EQOG VQ VJGUG RNCEGU CV YKNN CPF EQKP CHVGT 0WTGODGTI EQKPCIG 6JWU YG UGG C EQKP QH 0WTGODGTI YKVJ (TGFGTKEM ++ YKVJ HNGWT FG NKU FGRKEVGF KP GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG YC[ CU QP C &QPCWYÌTVJ EQKP 9G UGG VJG UCOG OQVKH FQPG KP VJG UCOG OCPPGT VJG CTEU TKOOKPI C HNGWT FG NKU QT C UVCT CPF DGVYGGP VJG CTEU C HNGWT FG NKU QT C UVCT DQVJ JCXKPI DGGP GZEJCPIGF DGVYGGP 'IGT CPF #WIUDWTI

'IGT 0Q

314

#WIUDWTI 0Q

NÜRNBERG 6JG CTEU YKVJ VJG FGEQTCVKQPU KPUKFG CPF QWV CTG EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT #WIUDWTI %QKP PT JQYGXGT DGNQPIU WPFGT $KUJQR 7FCNUEJCNM QH 'UEJGPNQJG +V YQWNF UGGO VJGP VJCV VJG EQKPU HTQO 'IGT CTG KOKVCVKQPU QH VJG #WIUDWTI QPGU 6JGTG OC[ YGNN DG C RCTCNNGN DGVYGGP 0WTGODGTI CPF #WIUDWTI +P DQVJ YG HKPF JCNH GCINGU VWTPKPI TKIJV OCVEJKPI GCEJ QVJGT CNOQUV RGTHGEVN[ 0ª40$'4)! 0Q #7)5$74) 5NI $QPJQHH 0ª40$'4) *QY VQ ENCUUKH[ VJG 0WTGODGTI EQKPU TGOCKPGF WPENGCT HQT C NQPI VKOG 6JG HKTUV QPG VQ VCMG QP VJKU LQD YCU (KMGPVUEJGT 8GTUWEJ \W GKPGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT *GT\QIGP XQP /GTCPKGP /CTMITCHGP XQP +U VTKGP )TCHGP XQP #PFGEJU WPF 2NCUUGPDWTI YGNVNKEJGP WPF IGKUVNKEJGP 5VCPFGU /KVV F $C[ 0WO )GU #U KPFKECVGF D[ VJG VKVNG QH JKU CTVKENG JG CVVTKDWVGF VJG EQKPU OCKPN[ VQ VJG #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP HCOKN[ +P JKU CTVKENG ŋ$GKVT·IG \WT 0ÒTPDGTIGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG KO WPF ,CJTJWPFGTV (F 8QP 9CV\GPFQTH Ō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ŋRTQXKUQT XQP 0ÒTPDGTIŌ CPF HKPCNN[ KP CU DWVKEWNCTKWU EWR DGCTGT NCVGT VJG YQTF YQWNF VTCPUHQTO KPVQ DWVNGT 6JKU VKVNG DWVKINGT YCU OCKPVCKPGF KP VJG [GCTU VQ EQOG 6JKU QHHKEKCN UWDUVKVWVGF VJG MKPI KP 0WTGODGTI YKVJ RTCEVKECNN[ DQWPFNGUU RQYGTU &QWDVNGUUN[ JG CNUQ NGF VJG OCIKUVGT OQPGVCG HKTUV OGPVKQPGF KP CPF VJWU VJG KORGTKCN OKPV 9JGTGCU DGHQTG VJG EQKPU FGRKEVGF VJG GORGTQT CPF VJG 0WTGODGTI XKUEQWPV HTQO JGTG QP YG UGG EQKPU YKVJ MKPI CPF DWVKINGT #HVGT VJG RQYGTU QH VJG DWVKINGT YGTG EWTVCKNGF (QT VJKU EQKP UVTQMG VYQ HKPFKPIU CTG QH VJG WVOQUV KORQTVCPEG VJQUG QH 9CV\GPFQTH DWTKGF CTQWPF CPF QH *GTUDTWEM DWTKGF KP VJG UCOG RGTKQF QT NKVVNG DGHQTG 9G OC[ CUUWOG VJCV RTCEVK ECNN[ CNN EQKPU HTQO VJG 0WTGODGTI V[RG YGTG TGRTGUGPVGF KP VJG (F *GTUDTWEM (TQO VJG 0WTGODGTI OKPV EQKPU CTG MPQYP QH %QPTCF +++ UQOGVKOGU VQIGVJGT YKVJ XKU EQWPV )QVVHTKGF QH 0WTGODGTI UGG 0CW #DD VQ #DD QH (TGFGTKEM $CT DCTQUUC UGG 0CW #DD VQ #DD HQNNQYGF D[ VJG EQKPU HTQO (F *GTU DTWEM 6JG EQKPU HTQO VJG (F *GTUDTWEM CTG GZVTGOGN[ FKHHKEWNV VQ RWV KP C EJTQPQNQIKECN QTFGT QP VJKU RQKPV VJGTG KU OWEJ EQPHWUKQP KP VJG NKVGTCVWTG

FC KUV MGKP *CNH 'CING !!!

2*+.+22 XQP 5%*9#$'0 !

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU NKU CPF RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG 4 %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ QTD CPF UEGRVTG ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU UOCNN HNCP XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 6JKU V[RG YCU PQV HQWPF KP VJG (F 9CV\GPFQTH 0CW RNCEGU VJKU QPG CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JKU EQKP KU RNCEGF CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG UGTKGU CHVGT VJG (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC EQKPU 6JKU KP URKVG QH VJG HCEV VJCV VJG KOCIG DGCTU C XGT[ UVTQPI TGUGODNCPEG VQ PQ 6JG EQKP FQGU PQV JQYGXGT UJQY VJG EJCTCEVGTKUVKE CTEU

315

NÜRNBERG (4+'&4+%* ++

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF JGCF T YKVJ NKU 4 6YQ DKTFU YKVJ UVCHH DGVYGGP VJGO 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT )QQF RQTVTCKV YGCMN[ UVTWEM CU WUWCN XGT[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ #RRGCTU CNUQ KP VJG (F 9CV\GPFQTH 0CW RNCEGU VJKU QPG DGVYGGP CPF 4GOCTM VJG RCTCNNGN QDXGTUG YKVJ VJG &QPCWYÌTVJ EQKP (TGFGTKEM ++

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV N YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF DKTF 4 %TQYPGF HKIWTG YKVJ YKPIU GPFKPI KP GCINGU JGCFU 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT 8GT[ HKPG *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (F *GTUDTWEM 0WTGODGTIGT RHGPPKIU QH $WVKINGTU /CTSWCTF #TQWPF 0CW FCVGU KV VQ DGVYGGP CPF

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF HKIWTG QP JQTUDGCEM T YKVJ DKTF QP T JCPF 4 *GCF QH C NKQP HCEKPI 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT 44 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -Ì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

QXGTUVTWEM +V FGHKPKVGN[ FGRKEVU C NKQPŉU JGCF HTQO VJG HTQPV 6JG QXGTUVTWEM EQKP OC[ QT OC[ PQV UJQY UQOG NGVVGTKPI VQ YJKEJ + FQWDV UJQWNF DG CVVCEJGF CP[ UKIPKHKECPEG #U [GV KV KU GPVGTGF WPFGT 0WTGODGTI 5GG HQT QVJGT URGEKOGPU PQ $C[GTP CPF PQ 5VGKGTOCTM

2HGPPKI # $WUV N $WVNKIGT! YKVJ ETQUU CPF UYQTF 4 'PVJTQPGF DWUV YKVJ UYQTF CPF UEGRVTG 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU QP VJG TGXGTUG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU V[RG YCU PQV HQWPF KP VJG (F 9CV\GPFQTH

316

2HGPPKI # .KQP N YQNH QT NGQRCTF T 4 6YQ NKQPU QXGT GCING DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 0CW

NÜRNBERG

2HGPPKI # .KQP YKVJ JWOCPŉU JGCF N GCING T 4 %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ VJTGG ETQUUGU QP VQR QH VJG ETQYP 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT IT (NCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ %CRRG 1VVQ +8 5EJTCV\ .QWKU +8 (KMGPVUEJGT $CODGTI 'TNCPIGT 1DGTHTCPMGP 'OOGTKI PQ HWTVJGT URGEKHKECVKQP +P 5NI $QPJQHH CU YGNN CU KP 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT CVVTKDWVGF VQ %QWPVCN OKPV #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP $C[TGWVJ QT -WNODCEJ (QT VJG VKOG DGKPI VJKU EQKP JCU DGGP GPVGTGF WPFGT 0WTGODGTI 6JG JCNH GCING NQQMKPI TKIJV KU CP GZCEV EQR[ QH CP GCTN[ EQKP QH #WIUDWTI 6JG JGCF QH VJG HKIWTG QP VJG NGHV C NKQPŉU DQF[ YKVJ C JWOCP JGCF VQ O[ OKPF KU KP VJG UCOG UV[NG CU VJG JGCF QH VJG DWVKINGT PQ 6JG EQKP CU C YJQNG JCU JCTFN[ C RCTCNNGN 6JG TGXGTUG FQGU JCXG QPG +P 'OOGTKI PQ YG HKPF C FTCYKPI YKVJ VJG HQNNQYKPI ENCTKHKECVKQP ŋ0CEJ FGT 2WDNKMCVKQP FGU (WPFGU 0KGFGT TCPPC OÒUUVG FKGUGU 5VÒEM UQ CWUUGJGP &KG 'ZKUVGP\ GTUEJGKPV OKEJ XQTGTUV PQEJ \YGKHGNJCHVŌ #EEQTFKPI VQ VJG RWDNKECVKQP QH VJG JQCTF 0KGFGTTCPPC VJKU RKGEG UJQWNF NQQM VJWU 6Q OG KVŉU GZKUVGPEG UGGOU CU [GV FQWDVHWN +P VJG (F 0KGFGTTCPPC LWUV QPG URGEKOGP YCU HQWPF PQ CPF VJGTG YCU CVVTKDWVGF VQ $C[GT &WMG 1VVQ ++ QT .QWKU + RNCEG QH EQKPCIG 4GIGPUDWTI 9G CNUQ HKPF VJG JGCF YKVJ VJG VJTGG ETQUUGU KP $GKGTNGKP PQ PQV HQWPF KP 'OOGTKI YJGTG KV KU GPVGTGF WPFGT .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP

2HGPPKI # .KQP N 4 %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJ VYQ UEGRVTGU 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTUDTWEM IT (NCP FGHGEV QP VJG TGXGTUG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F 9CV\GPFQTH (F *GTUDTWEM RNCEGU KV CTQWPF 0CW CTQWPF

.7&9+) ++ FGT 564'0)'

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI 4 *GCF YKVJ JQTPU UWTTQWPFKPI TQUGVVG 'TNCPIGT (WPF *GTU DTWEM IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ .WFYKI ++ FGT 5VTGPIG XQP 1DGTDC[GTP KP 0ÒTPDGTI

317

EGER

')'4 6JG PCOG 'IGT KU %GNVKE FGTKXKPI HTQO VJG TKXGT 'IGT 'IGT YCU HKTUV OGPVKQPGF KP CU 'IKTG KP VJG VGTO 'IGTNCPF KU HKTUV WUGF 4GIKQP 'IKTG 6JG %\GEJ PCOG QH %JGD EQOGU HTQO JGD QJGD DGPF KP VJG TKXGT WPFGT VJG ECUVNG +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG VKOG QH *GPT[ +++ VJG 'IGT HQTOGF RCTV QH VJG 0QTFICW +V DGNQPIGF VQ VJG FKQ EGUG QH 2TCIWG DWV CNUQ YKVJ VJG FKQEGUG QH 4GIGPUDWTI 6JG TQCF 0WTGODGTI 'IGT KU HKTUV OGPVKQPGF KP C EJCTVGT HTQO D[ *GPT[ +8 +P %QWPV &KGRQNF ++ QH )KGPIGP TGEGKXGF VJG OCTEJ 0CDDWTI KP HKGH *KU UQP &KGRQNF +++ JGNF YKVJ *GPT[ 8 YJKEJ ICXG JKO C DGVVGT RQUKVKQP *G GZVGPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ KP 'IGTNCPF CPF CFFGF VJG CTGC CTQWPF 8QJDWTI *KU FCWIJVGT #FGNC YCU VJG HKTUV YKHG QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC #HVGT JKU FGOKUG KP %QPTCF +++ WUWTRGF VJG OCTEJ 0CDDWTI CPF VJG 'IGT NCPF YJKEJ YGTG CDCPFQPGF KORGTKCN HKGHU *G NGHV OCPCIGOGPV VQ JKU UQP (TGFGTKEM QH 5YCDKC 9JGP VJG NCVVGT FKGF 'IGTNCPF HGNN VQ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC # RCNCVKPCVG YCU GUVCDNKUJGF YJGTG 2JKNKRR QH 5YCDKC CPF (TGFGTKEM ++ )QNFGP $WNN QH 'IGT HTGSWGPVN[ TGUKFGF #HVGT VJG GPF QH VJG 5VCWHGTU KP VJG 'IGTNCPF HGNN VQ 2TGO[UUN ++ +P .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP RCYPGF VJG 'IGTNCPF VQ $QJGOKC CHVGT YJKEJ KV TGOCKPGF $QJGOKCP 'IGT FGXGNQRGF YKVJKP CU C MKPF QH VQYP UVCVG YJGTG RCTVKEWNCTN[ VJG HCOKN[ 5EJKEM RNC[GF C OCLQT TQNG $GECWUG QH VJG KORQTVCPEG QH VJG TQCF DGVYGGP 0WTGODGTI CPF 'IGT CPF VJG GHHQTVU VCMGP VQ WUG VJG EQKPU QH DQVJ RNCEGU KP DQVJ RNCEGU KV UVCPFU VQ TGCUQP VJCV VJG EQKPU QH 0WTGODGTI CPF 'IGT FQ PQV FKHHGT OWEJ 'IGT RHGPPKIU CTG UNKIJVN[ YKFGT CPF VJG EQKP FKUE KU UQOGYJCV VJKPPGT QHVGP OCMKPI VJG TGXGTUG KOCIG JCTF VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ 'IGT RHGPPKIU KPENKPG VQYCTFU JCNHDTCMVGCVU 'IGT EQKPU CTG QHVGP EJCTCEVGTK\GF D[ CTEU QP VJG TKO YKVJ C HNGWT FG NKU KPUKFG CPF C UVCT KP DGVYGGP

(4+'&4+%* ++

2HGPPKI *CNDDTCMVGCV # .KQP TCORCPV N TQUGVVG DGJKPF JKO CTEJGU DGVYGGP TQUGVVGU QP GFIG NKU YKVJKP 4 'CING N *CUMQXC 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 8GT[ HKPG -WTRHÂ·N\KUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ +OKVCVKQP (F *GTUDTWEM

2HGPPKI *CNDDTCMVGCV # %TGUEGPV YKVJ TQUGVVG 5 QP GFIG YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU 4 )TKHHQP *CUMQXC 0CW IT 44 %NGCPGF XGT[ HKPG -WTRHÂ·N\KUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ %C

318

EGER

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ NKU DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU 4 6YQ NKQPU QXGT GCING DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU *CUMQXC 0CW $CODGTI 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F #PUDCEJ $WEJGPCW

5EJYCT\RHGPPKI # 5JKGNF 4 ' KP IQVJKE UETKRV &QPGDCWGT IT 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG CTOU QDXGTUG KU FKHHGTGPV HTQO PT

8GT[ HKPG

5EJYCT\RHGPPKI # 5JKGNF 4 ' KP IQVJKE UETKRV &QPGDCWGT IT 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

/#+0(4#0-'0

2HGPPKI # .KQP TCORCPV N 4 'CING YKVJ ETGUEGPVU QXGT YKPIU (WPF *GTUDTWEM 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (F *GTUDTWEM /CKPHTCPMKUJ RHGPPKI CTQWPF 5EJYGKPHWTV! 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5NI $QPJQHH UJQYU C FKHHGTGPV .KQPŉU JGCF 5NI #NNGTVUGFGT VQQ IKXGU C FKHHGTGPV V[RG ENCUUGF VJGTG WPFGT $CO DGTI TGHGTTKPI VQ 5NI $QPJQHH 5IN $QPJQHH CU YGNN CU 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV CVVTKDWVG VJKU EQKP VQ C )T·HNKEJ #PFGEJU /GTCPKUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG EQOKVCN OKPV #PFGEJU /GTCPKC $C[TGWVJ QT -WNODCEJ #U KV KU IGPGTCNN[ CUUWOGF VJCV VJG EQWPVU QH #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP FKF PQV UVTKMG EQKPU KP VJKU CTGC VJKU CVVTKDWVKQP KU CDCPFQPGF

319

BAYERN

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

.WKVRQNFKPIGT *'+04+%* + 9CU C UQP QH -KPI *GPT[ + CPF /CVJKNFG CPF OCTTKGF ,WVVC 6JGKT UQP YCU *GPT[ ++ VJG 3WCTTGNUQOG *G EQWNF PQV UVCPF WR VQ JKU DTQVJGT -KPI 1VVQ + CPF CEEQTFKPIN[ TGEGKXGF HTQO JKO .QTTCKPG *G YCU WPCDNG VQ OCPCIG VJGTG CPF GXGPVWCNN[ 1VVQ FKUTGICTFKPI VJG NGIKVKOCVG JGTGFKVCT[ TKIJVU QH VJG .WKV RQNFKPIGTU CRRQKPVGF JKO VQ FWMG QH $CXCTKC &WTKPI VJG .WKVRQNFKPIKCP TKUG HTQO JG YCU C HCKVJHWN CNN[ VQ 1VVQ

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING * '+/4+%85 &8: 4 6GORNG YKVJ 4#6 KP EGPVTG 4')0#+%+6#5 *CJP M IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG -WPUV WPF /Ã&#x2019;P\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ 4#6 KU VJG OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U PCOG UVGO 4#&+

320

BAYERN *GPT[ VJG 3WCTTGNUQOG CPF YCU VJG TKPINGCFGT KP VJG EQPURKTCE[ CICKPUV 1VVQ ++ VQIGVJGT YKVJ $QNGUNCX QH $QJGOKC CPF /KGU\MQ QH 2QNCPF *G YCU VCMGP RTKUQPGT CPF 1VVQ EQPSWGTGF 4GIGPUDWTI KP *GPT[ YCU FGRQUGF 6JG 1UVICW YGPV VQ VJG $CDGPDGTIGTU #HVGT 1VVQŉU FGCVJ JKU UWRRQTVGTU RTQENCKOGF JKO FWMG YJGTGWRQP JG JCF VQ EQODCV *GPT[ ++ YJQ JCF DGEQOG FWMG QH $CXCTKC #HVGT *GPT[ +++ŉU FGOKUG JG DGECOG FWMG HQT CPQVJGT VGP [GCTU *GPT[ +++ ITCPFUQP QH .WKVRQNF NQUV VJG FWEJ[ UQQP DGECWUG JG UKFGF YKVJ *GPT[ ++ *GPT[ +++ YCU VJG NCUV RTQXCDNG .WKVRQNFKPIGT 6Q TGFWEG VJKU NQUU VQ VJG .WKVRQNFKPIGTU 1VVQ KPUVKVWVGF VJG QHHKEG QH EQWPV RCNCVKPG QH $CXCTKC #TPWNH UQP QH -KPI #TPWNH YCU VJG HKTUV QPG VQ VCMG VJKU QHHKEG 6JG QWPV RCNCVKPG YCU TGURQPUKDNG HQT VJG EQKPCIG

1VVQPGP *'+04+%* +8 ++ 9CU C ITGCV ITCPFUQP QH *GPT[ + CPF C UQP QH *GPT[ VJG 3WCTTGNUQOG CPF )KUGNC QH $WTIWPF[ *G YCU OCTTKGF VQ %WPKIWPFG +P JG UWEEGGFGF JKF HCVJGT CU FWMG QH $CXCTKC #U UQQP CU VJ ,WN[ JG DGECOG MKPI QH )GTOCP[ CU *GPT[ ++ # PGY FWMG YCU PQV CRRQKPVGF HQT UQOG VKOG WPVKN KP *GPT[ ++ CU MKPI VTCPUHGTTGF $CXCTKC VQ JKU DTQVJGT KP NCY *GPT[ 8 HTQO VJG *QWUG QH .WZGODWTI

+P VJKU MKPI FGRQUGF *GPT[ 8 DGECWUG QH VJG NCVVGTŉU QRRQUKVKQP (TQO VJKU OQOGPV QP *GPT[ ++ JKOUGNH YQWNF DG FWMG QH $CXCTKC CU *GPT[ +8 WPVKN YJGP KP XKGY QH JKU 1UVRQNKVKM JG ICXG $CXCTKC DCEM VQ *GPT[ 8 6JG FWMGU CU YGNN CU VJG MKPIU JCXG UVTWEM EQKPU KP 4GIGPUDWTI +H VJG PWODGT PGZV VQ VJG FWMGU PCOG VJG PWODGT CU C FWMG KU HQNNQYGF D[ C UGEQPF PWODGT KV KPFK ECVGU VJG MKPI QH )GTOCP[ VJG PWODGT CU MKPI

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI # %TQUU YKVJ TKPI RGNNGV YGFIG RGNNGV KP VJG CPINGU *'04+%85 &8: 4 6GORNG YKVJ %0' KP EGPVTG &%%08+%#+6#5 TGVTQITCFG *CJP E IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG -WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ %0' % CPF 0 KPXGTVGF KU VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT UVGO #06+ %QKP HTQO VJG RGTKQF *GPT[ CU FWMG QH $CXCTKC

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI # %TQUU YKVJ YGFIG TKPI YGFIG VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJG CPINGU 78*%8504%: 4 6GORNG YKVJ +%0' KP EGPVTG TGVTQITCFG 4'%0#%+8+6#5 *CJP F IT 2NGCUKPIN[ RCVKPC CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP KU HTQO VJG HKTUV RGTKQF QH *GPT[ CU MKPI +%0' % CPF ' DCEMYCTFU KU VJG OQPG[GTŉU PCOG UVGO #06+ -NWIG YKVJ C FKHHGTGPV OQPG[GTŉU PCOG $QVJ KPKVKCN ETQUUGU JCXG C FQV KP GXGT[ EQTPGT

&GPCT %JCO # %TQUU YKVJ YGFIG VJTGG RGNNGVU YGFIG TKPI KP VJG CPINGU *%+046%85 4%: 4 6GORNG YKVJ *'%+. KP EGPVTG %2#/2# %+8+6#5 *CJP C IT 44 $GPV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

%QKPCIG DGHQTG 6JKU EQKP KU HTQO VJG HKTUV RGTKQF QH *GPT[ CU MKPI &CPPGPDGTI

321

BAYERN #HVGT JCXKPI FGRQUGF *GPT[ 8 KP *GPT[ ++ TGHQTOGF VJG EQKPCIG U[UVGO 6JG OKPV RNCEGU 0CDDWTI %JCO CPF 0GWDWTI ENQUGF VJGKT FQQTU +P VJGKT RNCEG #WIUDWTI UVCTVGF VQ UVTKMG EQKPU 6JG DGIKPPKPI QH EQKPCIG KP 5CN\DWTI CPF 'KEJUV·VV OC[ CNUQ DG EQPPGEVGF YKVJ VJKU HCEV

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI # %TQYPGF DWUV T '0+4+% KP HTQPV CPF 4: DGJKPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ YGFIG VJTGG RGNNGVU VJTGG RGNNGVU TKPI KP VJG CPINGU 4 6+52#%+<1 TGVTQITCFG *CJP E IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ RQTVTCKV HNCP FGHGEV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP KU HTQO VJG UGEQPF RGTKQF QH *GPT[ CU MKPI -NWIG 0T CPF EQOG HTQO VJG UCOG EQNNGEVKQP 6JG VGZV QP TGXGTUG KU C EQTTWRVKQP QH 4CVKURQPC VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT 6JG DWUV CRRGCTU JGTG HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG UGG CNUQ #WIUDWTI CPF 5CN\DWTI $GECWUG CNN V[RGU CTG HCKVJHWN KOKVCVKQPU QH %CTQNKPIKCP V[RGU KV KU TGOCTMCDNG VJCV VJGUG DWUVU JCXG PQV DGGP FGTKXGF HTQO VJQUG YG MPQY HTQO VJG %CTQNKPIKCP GTC +V UGGOU NKMGN[ VJG DWUVU HTQO %JKPQP JCXG UVQQF OQFGN

.WZGODWTIGT *'+04+%* 8 FGT /15'.'4

6JG PKEMPCOG ŋFGT /QUGNGTŌ TGHGTU VQ JKU FGUEGPV CU C UQP QH 5KGIHTKGF EQWPV KP VJG /QUGNICW *G CUUKUVGF KP %QPTCF ++ŉU GNGEVKQP CU MKPI 6JKU JGTCNFGF VJG GPVGTKPI QH VJG *QWUG QH 5CNKC KPVQ VJG JKUVQT[ QH $CXCTKC (TQO JKU HKTUV RGTKQF PQ EQKPU CTG MPQYP #NN EQKPU UVGO HTQO JKU UGEQPF RGTKQF &GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI # +*%+04+ &#: YKVJKP FQWDNG NKPGF ETQUU QPG YGFIG YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING 4 6GORNG YKVJ *%1 KP EGPVTG %0%*#546*#%+% *CJP H IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG RKGEG YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

-WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ #WEVKQP PQ &WMG *GPT[ 8 FGT /QUGNGT PF TGKIP *%1 % DCEMYCTFU KU VJG PCOG QH VJG OQPG[GT UVGO 1% RTGUWOCDN[ 1%*+.1 QT 1%*+0) -NWIG

5CNKGT *'+04+%* 8+ +++ FGT 5%*9#4<' (TQO VJG *QWUG QH 5CNKC *GPT[ 8+ YCU C UQP QH 'ORGTQT -QPTCF ++ CPF )KUGNC #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH FWMG *GPT[ 8 KP $CXCTKC TGOCKPGF TQ[CN WPFGT -KPI -QPTCF ++ WPVKN 6JGP JG CRRQKPVGF JKU UQP VQ FWMG QH $CXCTKC CU *GPT[ 8+ +P *GPT[ 8+ DGECOG MKPI CU *GPT[ ++ JG JCF UJCTGF VJG MKPIUJKR UKPEG CPF KP UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT CU GORGTQT *GPT[ 8+ YCU OCTTKGF VQ #IPGU QH )WKGPPG Ŏ *GPT[ 8+ GZVGPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ KPJGTKVGF HTQO VJG .WKVRQNFKPIGTU CPF NGHV VJG IQXGTPOGPV VQ OKPKUVGTKCNGU 'OOGTKI UVCVGU VJCV PGKVJGT -QPTCF PQT *GPT[ 8+ UVTWEM EQKPU

&GPCT 4GIGPDWTI # %TQYPGF DWUV T ++ % 0+ KP HTQPV CPF +4 % DGJKPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ % & # : KP VJG CPINGU %+%#4#+#&1#01+ *CJP C IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV DWV XGT[ IQQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI 6J *GNOTGKEJ )[OPCUKCNNGJTGT KP (ÒTVJ &%#: %48: -NWIG

322

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

*'+04+%* 8+++ +8 5QP QH *GPT[ 8+ CPF #IPGU QH )WKGPPG 1P VJG ITQWPFU QH JKU HCVJGTÅ&#x2030;U CDFKECVKQP JG YCU RWV WPFGT VJG IWCTFKCPUJKR QH JKU OQVJGT 'ORTGUU #IPGU #U C OKPQT JG YCU ETQYPGF MKPI KP *G ENCUJGF YKVJ #TEJDKUJQR #PPQ QH %QNQIPG DWV CHVGT JKU EQOKPI QH CIG KP JG OCKPVCKPGF KPFGRGPFGPE[ KP RQNK VKEU YKVJ #FCNDGTV #TEJDKUJQR QH $TGOGP CU JKU EQWPUGN +P JG YCU ETQYPGF GORGTQT #U UQQP CU JG TGPQWPEGF VJG FWMGÅ&#x2030;U VKVNG KP $CXCTKC CPF YCU HQNNQYGF D[ JKU DTQVJGT -QPTCF ++ #HVGT JKU OQVJGT VQQM EJCTIG QH VJG FWEJ[ QH $CXCTKC 6JKU RGTKQF KU EQPENWFGF D[ 1VVQ QH 0QTFJGKO #U CP GORGTQT *GPT[ UVTWEM EQKPU KP 4GIGPUDWTI EQKPU CTG CNUQ MPQYP HTQO JKU MKPIUJKR

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI VJ V[RG # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ D[\CPVKPG TQDG *'+04+ %*85 +/ 2 4 %KV[ XKGY 4#&#5 210#%+8 6 *CJP IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CPF DGPV XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP VJ V[RG UKPEG &CPPGPDGTI XCT

&GPCT 4GIGPUDWTI VJ V[RG # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ QTD CPF NKU * '+04 +%85 +/2 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 4#6+5210# *CJP IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CU WUWCN CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN VJ V[RG UKPEG -NWIG EH

&WTKPI VJG KPVGTTWRVKQP VJG OKPV KP 4GIGPUDWTI ECOG KP VJG RQUUGUUKQP QH $KUJQR )GDJCTF +++ 6JG DKUJQRU HKTUV HCXQWTGF EQPVKPWKPI VJG GZKUVKPI V[RGU NCVGT C V[RG QH VJGKT QYP YKVJ VJG 4GIGPUDWTI ECVJGFTCN QP TGXGTUG 6JWU VJG &Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKI YCU DQTP #TQWPF VJG FWMGU CPF VJG DKUJQRU UJCTGF VJG 4GIGPUDWTI OKPV WPVKN VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ #EEQTFKPIN[ VJG GRKUEQRCN CPF FWECN V[RGU QH VJG RGTKQF TWP RCTCNNGN

4GIGPUDWTI CU CP GRKUEQRCN OKPV *'+04+%* + XQP 91.(4#65*#75'0

&Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKI # 4QUGVVG YKVJ HCEG KP EGPVTG #6+++6 4 (KIWTG UKVVKPI T JQNFKPI ETQUKGT YKVJ DQVJ JCPFU T CPQVJGT HKIWTG TGCEJKPI HQT VJG ETQUKGT Î&#x203A; Î&#x203A; 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #EWVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI ITQWR YKVJ JGCF CPF VJKUVNG TQUGVVG

323

BAYERN '$'4*#4& + FGT 5%*9#$'

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # %NGTKECN HKIWTG YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT UKVVKPI T HKIWTG MPGGNKPI T CPIGN N 4 #PIGN YKVJKP GFKHKEG 'OOGTKI IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI IKXGU UQOG RQUUKDKNKVKGU QH C NGIGPF QDXGTUG 'OOGTKI ITQWR YKVJ ICVG DWKNFKPI

-104#& ++ XQP 4#+6'0$7%*

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $KUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM VJTGG TQUGVVGU N 4 $WUV QH CP CPIGN HCEKPI KP EGPVTG QH SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ HQWT CPIGNU QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING 'OOGTKI IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI )TQWR YKVJ CPIGNŉU DWUV CTQWPF

9GNHGP

# FCWIJVGT QH 1VVQ QH 0QTVJGKO 'VJGNKPFG YCU OCTTKGF VQ 9GNH +8 VQ YJQO RQYGT QXGT $CXCTKC HGNN CHVGT VJG FGOKUG QH JKU HCVJGT KP NCY VJWU KPVTQFWEKPI VJG F[PCUV[ QH VJG 9GNHU KPVQ $CXCTKC 6JKU RGTKQF YCU VQ NCUV WPVKN YJGP *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU QWUVGF HTQO RQYGT 6JG TGKIP YCU KPVGTTWRVGF HTQO VQ D[ VJG $CDGPDGTIU &WTKPI VJG 9GNH RGTKQF VQQ VJG OKPV KP 4GIGPUDWTI MGRV YQTMKPI HQT DQVJ FWMGU CPF DKUJQRU

4GIGPUDWTI CU C FWECN OKPV *'+04+%* : FGT 561.<' 9CU C ITCPFUQP QH 9GNH +8 6JG GTC QH VJG $CDGPDGTIGTU HGNN DGVYGGP JKU TGKIP CPF VJCV QH JKU UQP *GPT[ VJG .KQP

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ DCPPGT UOCNN JGCF N 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU JGCF KP EGPVTG 'OOGTKI D IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ YGNN UVTWEM HQT VJKU URGEKOGP FCTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI IKXGU XCTKQWU OGCPKPINGUU NGIGPFU 'OOGTKI 'KP\GNV[RGP

*'+04+%* :++ FGT .ÌYG

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # &WMG UKVVKPI YKVJ NKU GCING T CPF TQUGVVG T CDQXG 4 -PKIJV YKVJ UYQTF JQNFKPI GPGO[ TQUGVVG DGVYGGP VJGO 'OOGTKI C E IT 4 9GNN UVTWEM RKGEG UOCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI )TWRRG OKV *GT\QI WPF -CORHU\GPG

324

BAYERN

&Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKI # /QWPVGF MPKIJV YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF T VYQ UVCTU KP HKGNF 4 .KQP N \KI\CI NKPG QP VJG GFIG YKVJ ETQUUGU CPF HCEGU 'OOGTKI IT %NGCPGF DWV YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG .CP\ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 'OOGTKI )TWRRG OKV 4GKVGT EC 0CW XCT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

+P VJG RGTKQF CHVGT WPVKN VJG FKXKUKQP KP FWMGU CPF DKUJQRU UJCTGF VJG OKPV KP 4GIGPUDWTI 6JG &Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKIU YGTG PQV TGRNCEGF D[ PQTOCN RHGPPKIU KOOGFKCVGN[ 1VVQ QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ FKF PQV WUG &Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKIU DWV UQQP CHVGTYCTFU 9KVVGNUDCEJGT 6JG HQTGHCVJGT QH VJG 9KVVGNUDCEJ HCOKN[ KU OGPVKQPGF CU C EGTVCKP 1VVQ EQOGU 5M[TWP 5EJG[GTP PGCT 2HCHHGPJQHGP QP VJG TKXGT +NO YCU VJG QNF ECUVNG QH VJG 9KVVGNDCEJGTU .CVGT VJG[ HQWPFGF VJG ECUVNG QH 9KVKNKPGUDCE PGCT #KEJCEJ HTQO YJKEJ VJG HCOKN[ PCOG YCU FGTKXGF 6JGTGCHVGT 5EJG[GTP DGECOG VJG HCOKN[ OQPCUVGT[ +P VJG[ YGTG PCOGF CU EQWPVU RCNCVKPG QH $CXCTKC &WECN EQKPCIG #HVGT *GPT[ VJG .KQPÅ&#x2030;U QWUVKPI HTQO RQYGT KP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CRRQKPVGF JKU HCKVJHWN RCNCFKP 1VVQ QH 9KVVGNUDCEJ VQ FWMG QH $CXCTKC 1VVQ YCU C UVCDKNKUKPI HCEVQT CPF EQWNF GZVGPF JKU RQYGT DGECWUG KP VJCV RGTKQF UGXGTCN ITCPF PQDNG HCOKNKGU DGECOG GZVKPEV #U UQQP CU 1VVQ FKGF CPF VJG FWEJ[ HQWPF KVUGNH KP FGGR ETKUKU 6JG RTGUGTXCVKQP QH $CXCTKC HQT VJG 9KVVGNDCEJGTU KU QYGF VQ VJG HKTO CEVKQPU QH JKU YKFQY #IPGU QH .QQ\ HTQO VJG EQWPV[ QH .QQ\ KP VJG UQWVJGTP 0GVJGTNCPFU

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

2HGPPKI # /QWPVGF OCP T YKVJ UYQTF 4 .KQP YKVJ YKPIU CPF GCINGÅ&#x2030;U JGCF N 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 'OOGTKI /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP (TGKUKPI! %H PQ 0Ã&#x2019;TPDGTI CPF 5VGKGTOCTM

325

BAYERN 1661 ++ FGT '4.#7%*6' 5QP QH .QWKU + YJQ KP OCTTKGF #IPGU FCWIJVGT QH VJG EQWPV RCNCVKPG QP 4JKPG *GPT[ VJG .QPI HTQO VJG *QWUG QH $TWPUYKEM .Ò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

2HGPPKI # .KQP YKVJ GCINGŉU JGCF N UVCTU QP VJG GFIG 4 'PVJTQPGF FWMG YKVJ HNCI CPF GCING UVCTU QP VJG GFIG 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP )TWRRG )TGKH #FNGT OKV -TGW\

2HGPPKI # 'CING YKVJ ETQUU KPUVGCF QH VJG JGCF 4 'PVJTQPGF FWMG YKVJ HNCI CPF GCING 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP (WPF *GTUDTWEM 5NI $QPJQHH )TWRRG )TGKH #FNGT OKV -TGW\

2HGPPKI # 'PVJTQPGF FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DTCPEJ UEGRVTG! UVCTU QP VJG GFIG 4 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ CPF HKUJ QP VJG GFIG TQUGVVGU YKVJ RGNNGVU KPUKFG 'OOGTKI IT 44 $QVJ UKFGU XGT[ YGNN UVTWEM C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP $GKGTNGKP <FH* 9KVV )TWRRG *GT\QIUDTWUVDKNF

#HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH 1VVQ ++ KP $CXCTKC YCU FKXKFGF D[ JKU VYQ UQPU *GPT[ :+++ QDVCKPGF .QYGT $CXCTKC CPF .QWKU ++ QDVCKPGF 7RRGT $CXCTKC 0QTFICW CPF VJG RCNCVKPG QP 4JKPG 6JG FKXKUKQP YCU VQ NCUV WPVKN +P .QYGT $CXCTKC 4GIGPUDWTI EQKPCIG D[ DQVJ DKUJQRU CPF FWMGU TGOCKPGF KP WUG &WMGU QH .QYGT $CXCTKC *GPT[ :+++ 1VVQ +++ .QWKU +8 CPF 5VGRJGP + *GPT[ :+8 *GPT[ :8 CPF 1VVQ +8 CPF ,QJP + 326

BAYERN 0+'&'4$#;'40 &WECN EQKPCIG *'+04+%* :+++ + %QWPVKPI UVCTVGF CPGY *GPT[ VJG .KQP YCU *GPT[ :++ UQ JGTG YG UGG *GPT[ :+++ YJQ YQWNF HTQO VJGP QP DG MPQYP CU *GPT[ + *G YCU VJG [QWPIGT UQP QH 1VVQ ++ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU CPF UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGT .QWKU ++ VKNN VJG FKXKUKQP QH VJG FWEJ[ KP CHVGT YJKEJ JG TGKIPGF KP .QYGT $CXCTKC CNQPG

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # %TQYPGF NKQP N QXGT YCNN 4 $WUV QH CP CPIGN HCEKPI 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG *QNNGTUDGTIGT /ÒPEJGP <FH* 9KVV 'OOGTKI

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # .KQP TCORCPV N Ő * Ő &8: DGJKPF JKO UVCTU QP VJG GFIG 4 $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT N FWMG YKVJ UYQTF T DCTGN[ XKUKDNG 'OOGTKI IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP $GKGTNGKP 9KVV

1661 +++ 1NFGUV UQP QH *GPT[ + YJQ UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT CNQPG HTQO VQ CPF HTQO VJGP QP TGKIPGF VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGTU .QWKU ++ CPF 5VGRJGP + 9JGP .QWKU FKGF KP 1VVQ +++ TGKIPGF VQIGVJGT YKVJ 5VGRJGP + WPVKN VJG NCVVGTŉU FGOKUG KP (TQO VJCV FC[ JG TGKIPGF CNQPG CICKP CPF JCF CV VJG UCOG VKOG IWCTFKCPUJKR QXGT JKU UQP 5VGRJGP + 1VVQ +++ YCU MKPI QH *WPICT[ HTQO VQ

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI DGVYGGP * CPF 1 QXGT YCNN 4 $KUJQR N CPF FWMG T WPFGT ICDNG 'OOGTKI C IT 1DXGTUG YGNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG $GECWUG * 1 QPN[ CRRGCTU QP VJG FWECN EQKPU VJG NGVVGTU ECPPQV TGHGT VQ C DKUJQR * 1 UJQWNF DG TGCF CU *GT\QI 1VVQ FWMG 1VVQ 1P TGXGTUG YG UGG VYQ HKIWTGU 6JG UCOG CRRNKGU VQ PQ CPF PQ 1P VJKU TGXGTUG C HKPG FKG KPFKECVGU CP QNFGT URGEKOGP C EQCTUG FKG KPFKECVGU C [QWPIGT QPG 6JG EQWPVGTRCTV QH VJKU V[RG KU VJG FWECN EQKP PQ

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI DGVYGGP 4 CPF 2 4 6YQ FWMGU YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG 'OOGTKI IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG

327

BAYERN +P 4WFQNH + QH 7RRGT $CXCTKC CPF 1VVQ +++ QH .QYGT $CXCTKC YGTG VCMKPI UKFGU YKVJ -KPI #FQNH CICKPUV VJG *CDUDWTIGT #NDGTV + DWV VJG[ YGTG FGHGCVGF CV )ÌNNJGKO 4WFQNH JCF VQ TGNKPSWKUJ RCTV QH JKU VGTTKVQT[ CPF TGEQIPKUG JKU DTQVJGT .QWKU +8 .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP CU MKPI GORGTQT CU JKU EQ TGIGPV .QWKUŉ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

'RKUEQRCN EQKPCIG .'1 6*70&14('4 $KUJQR .GQ 6JWPFQTHGT YCU VJG HKTUV VQ ITCPV GRKUEQRCN RTKXKNGIG VQ VJG 0WTGODGTI /KPV 5QEKGV[ QP 0QXGODGT UV

2HGPPKI # .KQP YKVJ GCINGŉU YKPIU CPF OKVTGF JWOCPŉU JGCF N 4 %NGTKECN DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ YKPIU 'OOGTKI IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG *GUU .W\GTP 'OOGTKI )TWRRG OKV /CTMWUNÌYG

*'+04+%* ++ XQP 416*'0'%-

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ EQNWOPU WPFGT CTEJ 4 $KUJQR N CPF FWMG T WPFGT ICDNG 'OOGTKI IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG $GTPCTFK 6TKGUV $GKGTNGKP 6JKU KU VJG GRKUEQRCN EQWPVGTRCTV QH PQ 5JQWNF LWUV NKMG VJG )TQWR * 1 DG FCVGF VQ 1P TGXGTUG C HKPG FKG KPFKECVGU CP QNFGT URGEKOGP C EQCTUG FKG C [QWPIGT QPG +P O[ QRKPKQP VJKU KU VJG QNFGT V[RG YKVJ VJG HKPG FKG

5EJNÒUUGNRHGPPKIG 6JG VQYP QH 4GIGPUDWTI MPGY VJTGG UGRCTCVG RGTKQFU QH EQKPKPI VJG UQ ECNNGF 5EJNÒUUGNRHGPPKIU MG[ RGPPKGU CPF +P VJG /KFFNG #IGU VJKU YCU VJG NCUV VKOG VJG VQYP UJQYGF KVU KPHNWGPEG #ICKP YG UGG RCTCNNGN OKPVKPI D[ FWMGU CPF DKUJQRU 6JG QDXGTUG UJQYU VJG FWMG YKVJ UYQTF CPF DCP PGT VJG DKUJQR YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT 6[RGU YKVJ C DTQCF JGCF DGNQPI KP VJG HKTUV VYQ RGTKQFU VJQUG YKVJ C PCTTQY JGCF KP VJG VJKTF #HVGT EQKPCIG YCU CDQNKUJGF KP 4GIGPUDWTI &WECN 5EJNÒUUGNRHGPPKIG

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI C IT 8GT[ HKPG $GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

328

BAYERN

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI C IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI C IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

$GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI D IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

$GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

'RKUEQRCN 5EJNÃ&#x2019;UUGNRHGPPKIG 2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUKGT 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

2HGPPKI 4GIGPUDWTI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUKGT 4 %TQUUGF MG[U QH 4GIGPUDWTI YKVJKP UJKGNF UWTTQWPFGF D[ CTEJGU 'OOGTKI $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GTPCTFK 6TKGUV

329

BAYERN #HVGT VJG FKXKUKQP KP .QWKU ++ QDVCKPGF 7RRGT $CXCTKC 0QTFICW CPF VJG 4JKPG RCNC VKPG 7PVKN JG TGKIPGF VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGT *GPT[ :+++ KP $CXCTKC CPF VJG 4JKPG RCNCVKPG +P VJG[ URNKV WR .QWKU TGVCKPGF 7RRGT $CXCTKC CPF VJG RCNCVKPG QP 4JKPG 6JG VYQ DTQVJGTU FKF PQV WUG VJG WUWCN JQTUGOCPŉU FKG DWV CP CTOU FKG .QWKU WUGF VJKU CNTGCF[ KP JKU HCVJGTŉU FC[U 6JKU RCTVKEWNCT FKG KU MPQYP HTQO VJG RGTKQF DGVYGGP CPF .QWKU ECPPQV JCXG WUGF KV DGHQTG VJG [GCT JG DGECOG [GCTU QNF (TQO VQ DQVJ DTQVJGTU TGUWOGF DGCTKPI VJG IGPGTCNN[ WUGF JQTUGOCPŉU FKG +P 1VVQ ++ VJG +NNWUVTKQWU KPJGTKVGF VJG EQWPV[ QH $QIGP 6JKU EQWPV[ DQTG VJG UQ ECNNGF 4CWVGPUEJKNF

NQ\GPIG CTOU #HVGT VJKU YCU CFQRVGF D[ VJG 9KVVGNUDCEJGTU 6JG QNFGUV TGPFGTKPI UVGOU HTQO VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CPF UJQYU YJKVG CPF DNWG NQ\GPIGU ŋ&KG 4GKJGPHQNIG FGT (CTDG OKV YGK CP GTUVGT 5VGNNG KUV FCFWTEJ FGHKPKGTV FCUU FKG KP FGT QDGTGP

JGTCNFKUEJ TGEJVGP 'EMG FGU 5EJKNFGU UVGJGPFG CPIGUEJPKVVGPG 4CWVG YGK KUV &KG <CJN FGT 4CWVGP YCT YQJN DCNF UEJQP CWH HKZKGTV &GT ·NVGUVG GTJCNVGPG #DFTWEM KUV CWU FGO ,CJT ÒDGTNKGHGTV &KG UEJT·I CPIGQTFPGVG TJQODGPHÌT OKIG 6GKNWPI FGU 5EJKNFGU PCPPVG FKG ·NVGTG *GTQNFUVGTOKPQNQIKG FKG ŉDC[GTKUEJGP 9GEMGPŉ 5GKV FGT 9CRRGPUEJÌRHWPI .QWKU + XQP UVGJV FGT 4CWVGPUEJKNF CNU 5[ODQN HÒT ICP\ $C[GTP CNU UQIGPCPPVGT *GT\UEJKNF KP FGT /KVVG FGU 9CRRGPU FKGUG #PQTFPWPI JCV FCU 5VCCVUYCRRGP QH ÒDGT PQOOGPŌ CWU &KG <GKV FGT HTÒJGP *GT\ÌIG $F + + R

6JG QTFGT QH VJG EQNQTU YKVJ YJKVG KP VJG HKTUV RNCEG KU FGHKPGF D[ VJG RCTVKCN NQ\GPIG KP VJG WRRGT

JGTCNFKE TKIJV EQTPGT QH VJG UJKGNF DGKPI YJKVG 6JG PWODGT QH NQ\GPIG UGGOU VQ JCXG DGGP HKZGF QP 6JG QNFGUV GFKVKQP CXCKNCDNG KU JCPFGF FQYP HTQO VJG [GCT 6JG UNCPVKPI TJQOD UJCRGF FKXKUKQP QH VJG UJKGNF KU ECNNGF ō$CXCTKCP YGEMUŋ KP QNFGT JGTCNFKE VGTOKPQNQI[ 5KPEG VJG ETGCVKQP QH VJG EQCV QH CTOU D[ .QWKU + KP VJG NQ\GPIG EQCV QH CTOU CU C U[ODQN HQT VJG YJQNG QH $CXCTKC UVCPFU CU C UQ ECNNGF KPGUEWVEJGQP KP VJG EGPVTG QH VJG UJKGNF VJKU CTTCPIGOGPV JCXKPI DGGP CFQRVGF D[ VJG UVCVG EQCV QH CTOU QH HTQO &KG <GKV FGT HTÒJGP *GT\ÌIG HKTUV RCTV RCIG

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

2HGPPKI /ÒPEJGP # $WUV QH C OQPM N JQNFKPI UVCHH QH C RKNITKO ETQUU QP UJQWNFGT 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG *QNNGTUDGTIGT /ÒPEJGP (TQO C JQCTF KP 'PINCPF

330

2HGPPKI /ÒPEJGP # $WUV QH C OQPM N JQNFKPI UVCHH QH C RKNITKO ETQUU QP UJQWNFGT 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N $GKGTNGKP IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG *GUU .W\GTP

BAYERN

2HGPPKI +PIQNUVCFV # 2CPVJGT N WPFGT 4 . 4 5JKGNF QH $C[GTP 9GEMGPUEJKNF 4CWVGPUEJKNF DGVYGGP RCNO NGCHU $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG

#WHJÂ·WUGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP 6JKU KU VJG HKTUV EQKP VQ FGRKEV VJG $CXCTKCP EQCV QH CTOU /KPV +PIQNUVCFV QT /WPKEJ <FH* +P <FH* VJG SWGUVKQP YJGVJGT VJKU LQKPV EQKP UVTQMG DGNQPIU KP VJG HKTUV RGTKQF QT KP VJG NCUV KU NGHV CUKFG 9KVV

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

$#;'40 +0)1.56#&6 56'2*#0 +++ OKV ,1*#00 ++

2HGPPKI +PIQNUVCFV ! # $WUV YKVJ ECR HCEKPI YKVJKP EKTENG 4 5JKGNF QH $C[GTP 9GEMGPUEJKNF 4CWVGPUEJKNF $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG #WHJÂ·WUGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (F 1DGTJQHGP EH #WHJÂ·WUGT

#010;/175

2HGPPKI +PIQNUVCFV # &GGT N YKVJ VJTGG TQUGVVGU 4 $KTF N YKVJ TQUGVVGU QP VJG GFIG 5V/( IT 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ /KPV RNCEG OC[ DG /WPKEJ VQQ 5V/( OGPVKQPU CP GCING QP TGXGTUG # UKOKNCT URGEKOGP YCU DTQWIJV VQ NKIJV KP VJG JQCTF QH 5V -WPKIWPFG PGCT %KNNK KP )CNKEKC 6JG VQQNGF RCTV QH VJG JQCTF CDQWV RKGEGU QP C VQVCN QH CDQWV EQPVCKPGF QPG URGEKOGP QPN[ VJG TGUV JCXKPI DGGP UECVVGTGF CNTGCF[ 6JG HKPFKPI KP OWUV JCXG DGGP DWTKGF CTQWPF .WUEJKP QH 'DGPITGWVJ FGUETKDGF VJG HKPFKPI KP 5VGKGTKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\HWPFG DWV KP (TQVUEJ TGXKGYGF VJG YJQNG UWDLGEV ETKVKECNN[ *G EQOGU VQ VJG HQNNQYKPI EQPENWUKQP /Ã&#x2019;P\UVÂ·VVG HTCINKEJ YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ +PIQNUVCFV

/KPV RNCEG WPEGTVCKP RTQDCDN[ +PIQNUVCFV 5GG -QEJ 0 < (WPF QH 0KGTDCWT!

331

BAYERN $#;'40 .#0&5*76 *'+04+%* +8 FGT 4'+%*' *GPT[ +8 YCU VJG QNFGUV UQP QH (TGFGTKEM + *G UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT KP DWV UVQQF WPFGT VJG IWCTFKCPUJKR QH 5VGRJGP +++ CPF 'TPUV + *G CESWKTGF $CXCTKC +PIQNUVCFV KP

2HGPPKI # J DGVYGGP VYQ TQUGVVGU 4 *GNOGV QH .CPFUJWV YKVJKP EKTENG $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI ¤VVKPI # J DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU YKVJ HKXG TC[U 4 &QI N YKVJ VTGG CTOU QH ¤VVKPI $GKGT NGKP IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

#WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP

#WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP &KG .CPFUJÒVGT WPF ¤VVKPIGT 2HGPPKIG GPVURTGEJGP PKEJV ICP\ FGT /ÒP\QTFPWPI XQP Ō 6JG .CPFUJWV CPF ¤VVKPI EQKPU FQ PQV SWKVG EQTTGURQPF YKVJ VJG EQKP ENCUUKHKECVKQP QH $GKGTNGKP #HVGT VJG HQWPFKPI QH 0GW ¤VVKPI KP D[ VJG 9KVVGNUDCEJGTU ¤VVKPI YCU ITCPVGF TKIJV QH EQKPCIG

.7&9+) +: FGT 4'+%*'

2HGPPKI ¤VVKPI # . DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU 4 &QI N YKVJ VTGG CTOU QH ¤VVKPI $GKGTNGKP IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*GUU .W\GTP (QT VJG 1GVVKPIGT JQWPF UGG ' 5 R OQFGTP %QKP KU PCOGF 1GVVKPIGT 2HGPPKI

$#;'40 /ª0%*'0 6JG QNFGUV UQP QH ,QJP ++ 'TPUV + UWEEGGFGF JKU HCVJGT KP VQIGVJGT YKVJ JKU DTQVJGT 9KNNKCO +++ CPF VJGKT WPENG 5VGRJGP +++ WPVKN 6JGP 'TPUV TGKIPGF KP $CXCTKC /WPKEJ VQIGVJGT YKVJ 9KNNKCO +++ WPVKN VJG NCVVGTŉU FGOKUG KP #HVGTYCTFU 9KNNKCOŉU UQP #FQNH + UJCTGF VJG TGKIP

'4056 + 9+.*'./ +++

2HGPPKI /ÒPEJGP # /QPM N 4 ' CPF 9 KP IQVJKE UETKRV $GKGTNGKP EH IT 8GT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO 6JQOU

'4056 +

2HGPPKI /ÒPEJGP # /QPM N 4 ' CPF 9 KP IQVJKE UETKRV $GKGTNGKP EH IT 5NKIJVGN[ ENGCPGF XGT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG 5COG CU PQ DWV YKVJ C FKHHGTGPV TGPFGTKPI QH VJG JGCF CPF EQCTUGT NGVVGTKPI ' 9

332

BAYERN $#;'40 #HVGT VJG EQPHGTGPEG DGVYGGP #NDGTV +8 CPF )GQTI CPF VJTQWIJ OGFKCVKQP D[ /CZKOKNKCP QH #WUVTKC #NDGTV YCU IKXGP $CXCTKC .CPFUJWV KP HKGH KP $CXCTKC YCU YJQNG CICKP QPEG CPF HQT CNN 6JKU YCU GPFQTUGF D[ VJG NCY QH RTKOQIGPKVWTG QH #.$4'%*6 +8

)QWFIWNFGP # 5JKGNF DGVYGGP * CPF # CPF WPFGT #.$'46+ #848/ $#8#4+# &8%+5 4 &WMG MPGGNKPI KP HTQPV QH PKODCVG /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF 1 /#4+# 14# 241/' $GKGTNGKP (D *CJP IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

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ŉU UQP TGUQNF *CNU KP

.'121.&

*GNNGT # $WUV YKVJ RQKPVGF JCV 4 . CPF UVCT (TKGFN F (TKGFTKEJ 8 WPF .WFYKI + IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT (F 'DGPUHGNF 4CF

&+1%'5' 2#55#7 2CUUCW KU UKVWCVGF CV VJG EQPHNWGPEG QH VJG &CPWDG +PP CPF +N\ -PQYP HTQO %GNVKE FC[U CU $QKQFWTWO +P VJG GCTN[ /KFFNG #IGU VJG VQYP YCU FKXKFGF KP VJTGG CP GRKUEQRCN UGEVQT C TQ[CN UGEVQT CPF C FWECN UGEVQT +P VJG FKQEGUG YCU HQWPFGF CPF CV VJG UCOG VKOG VJG OQPCUVGT[ 0KGFGPDWTI ECOG KPVQ DGKPI #HVGT VJG VQRRNKPI QH 6CUUKNQ +++ KP VJG OQPCUVGT[ HGNN VQ VJG MKPI +P KV YCU TGVWTPGF VQ $KUJQR 2KNITKO

+P 1VVQ +++ ITCPVGF TKIJV QH EQKPCIG VQ $KUJQR %JTKUVKCP 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG DKUJQRU EQWNF PQV GUVCDNKUJ CWVJQTKV[ QXGT VJG GPVKTG VQYP CTGC WPVKN VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG DKUJQRU QH 2CUUCW RNC[GF CP KORQTVCPV TQNG KP VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ 6JG VQYP YCU C RQYGT DCUG HQT *GPT[ +8 CPF VJGTG YGTG DKUJQRU CU YGNN CU EQWPVGTDKUJQRU KP VJKU RGTKQF .CVGT VJG 5VCWHGT RQNKVKEU HQWPF UWRRQTV JGTG +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG *CDUDWTIGTU UVGCFKN[ ITGY 6JG DKUJQRU 1VVQ QH .CPUFQTH CPF 2GVGT UVKNN VTKGF VQ OCKPVCKP KPFGRGPFGPEG DWV NCVGT DKUJQRU YGTG GXGT OQTG QDNKIKPI VQ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU

4ª&+)'4 XQP $'4)*'+/

*·NDNKPI # *GCF YKVJ OKVTG T DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CPF WPFGT NKU 4 *GCF YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI YKVJKP EKTENG QH UVCTU -GNNPGT 5CN\DWTI! -QEJ IT (NCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ *QHMGP (WPF *GTUDTWEM EH PQ DKUJQRŉU PCOG

333

SCHWABEN

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334

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ŋ9GT UGKPGP 9GTV YQTWPVGT YQJN 9CTGP \W XGTUVGJGP KUV WO 5KNDGT IGJV UGK GU $ÒTIGT QFGT )CUV FGT UQNN FCU 5KNDGT XQP /ÒP\OGKUVGT GORHCPIGPŌ YJQ YKUJGU VQ EQNNGEV JKU XCNWG RTQDCDN[ TGHGT TKPI VQ IQQFU KP UKNXGT DG JG DWTIJGT QT XKUKVQT UJCNN TGEGKXG KV HTQO VJG OQPG[GT 5VGKPJKNDGT R

335

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS +P %QPTCFKP ITCPVGF &WMG .QWKU C NKGP CFOKPKUVTCVKQP 9JGP VJG NCVVGT YCPVGF VQ GHHGEV VJKU ITCPV KP JG HCKNGF DGECWUG QH QRRQUKPI EKVK\GPU +P $KUJQR *CTVOCPP ITCPVGF JKO VJG TKIJV QH OKPV CU C NKGP DWV JG JKOUGNH MGRV IWCTFKCPUJKR %JCTNGU +8 GZEJCPIGF 'ORGTQT .QWKUŉ DKUJQR D[ JKU QYP /CTSWCTV QH 4CPFGEM 6JG RQYGT QH VJG EKV[ ITGY +P *CPU (WIIGT Ŏ UGV WR UJQR KP #WIUDWTI C YGCXGT HTQO )TCDGP QP VJG .GEJHGNF *KU ITCPFUQP #PFTGCU YKVJ JKU UQPU ,CMQD CPF .WMCU CVVCKPGF ITGCV YGCNVJ CPF HQWPFGF CP KORQTVCPV VTCFG PGVYQTM +P VJG[ TGEGKXGF C EQCV QH CTOU HTQO 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM +++ C NGCRKPI FGGT QT QP CP C\WTG HKGNF CPF DGECOG MPQYP CU VJG ŋ(WIIGTU QH VJG FGGTŌ (WIIGT XQO 4GJ 5RGEWNCVKPI YKVJ ETGFKVU DTQWIJV DCPMTWRVE[ WRQP VJG HCOKN[ VQYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ *QYGXGT VJCV YCU PQV [GV VJG GPF QH VJG (WIIGTU ,CMQD VJG 1NF #PFTGCUŉ DTQVJGT GUVCDNKUJGF C UKOKNCT GPVTGRTKUG CPF KP YCU COQPI VJG TKEJGUV EKVK\GPU QH #WIUDWTI *KU DTCPEJ CNUQ TGEGKXGF VJGKT QYP EQCV QH CTOU HTQO 'ORGTQT (TG FGTKEM +++ VYQ NKNKGU KP C HKGNF QT CPF C\WTG VJGKT OQPKMGT ŋ(WIIGTU QH VJG NKN[Ō (WIIGT XQP FGT .KNKG 7PFGT ,CMQD ŋVJG 4KEJŌ UQP QH ,CMQD VJG 'NFGT VJG (WIIGTU TQUG VQ VJGKT CRQIGG 4WNGTU YGTG KPETGCUKPIN[ FGRGPFGPV QP #WIUDWTI CPF KVU DCPMGTU ŋGCTN[ ECRKVCNKUOŌ YCU DQTP KP #WIUDWTI &10#79¤46* 1P VJG EQPHNWGPEG QH VJG 9ÌTPKV\ CPF VJG &CPWDG NC[ &QPCWYÌTVJ 9KTF 9CTKF 9GTKF KUNCPF +V YCU VJG RNCEG YJGTG VJG KPHNWGPVKCN PQDNG JQWUG /CPIQNFG TGUKFGF 6JG ITCPVKPI QH OCTMGV TKIJVU VQ #TKDQ D[ 1VVQ +++ YCU CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ %QPTCF ++ VQ #TKDQŉU UQP /CP IQNF + YJQO JG CNUQ ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV +P VJG FC[U QH /CPIQNF + C PGY ECUVNG YCU DWKNV /CP IQNFUVGKP VQTP FQYP KP CPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ QH VJG *QN[ %TQUU YCU HQWPFGF 6JG *QWUG /CPIQNFG GPFGF UQOGYJGTG DGVYGGP CPF YJGP /CPIQNF +8 FKGF 6JG EKV[ ECOG WPFGT VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG 5VCWHGTU (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC WUWTRGF VJG EKV[ CPF KV TGOCKPGF C TQ[CN RQU UGUUKQP WPVKN VJG GPF QH VJG 5VCWHGT GTC (TGFGTKEM ++ ITCPVGF VJG EKV[ EKV[ TKIJVU CPF CNNQYGF OGTEJCPVU HTQO 0WTGODGTI VQ RC[ KP VJGKT QYP EQKP QP VJG [GCTN[ OCTMGVU QH &QPCWYÌTVJ CPF 0ÌTFNKPIGP 6QYCTFU VJG GPF QH 5VCWHGT TWNG KP CV VJG ŋ%QPTCFKPG DGUVQYCNŌ C EJCQVKE UKVWCVKQP GPUWGF 6JG VGTTKVQT[ YGPV VQ GPF HTQ DGVYGGP VJG GORKTG CPF VJG $CXCTKCP UWD FWEJKGU #V VJG ECUVNG /CPIQNFUVGKP &WMG .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC JCF JKU YKHG /CTKC QH $TCDCPV GZGEWVGF (KTUV EQKPCIG YCU WPFGT *GPT[ +8 /KPVKPI YCU EQPVKPWGF FWTKPI VJG 5VCWHGTU CPF CHVGTYCTFU D[ .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC CU JGKT QH %QPTCFKP &QPCWYÌTVJ YCU CP KORQTVCPV VTCFG EGPVTG CPF KVU EQKPCIG YCU GPVKTGN[ FKTGEVGF VQYCTFU #WIUDWTI (TQO VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG DTCEVGCVGŉU RNCEG YCU ITCFWCNN[ VCMGP D[ VJG JGNNGT &QPCW YÌTVJ PGXGT UVTWEM QYP JGNNGTU VJG[ YGTG HTQO *CNN 0Ò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ÒDKP IGP *CTVOCPP DGUVQYGF JKU QYP RQUUGUUKQPU QP VJG FKQEGUG #WIUDWTI KP VJGTGD[ OCMKPI &KNNKP IGP VJG UGEQPF TGUKFGPEG QH VJG DKUJQRU QH #WIUDWTI

336

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS 'RKUEQRCN EQKPCIG 1&#.4+%* XQP &+..+0)'0 1FCNTKEJ YCU HTQO VJG JQWUG QH VJG *WRQNFKPIKCPU JKU HCVJGTÅ&#x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

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP VJTGG CPINGU 1&#.4+% '25 4 6GORNG YKVJ #<<1 KP EGPVTG #8) %+8+6# *CJP D 5VGKPJKNDGT G H IT 4 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN &CPPGPDGTI XCT -NWIG 6JGUG EQKPU YGTG KPVGPFGF HQT VJG (GTPJCPFGN CPF YGTG VJGTGHQTG CNKIPGF YKVJ VJG 4GIGPUDWTI V[RGU

.+7&1.(

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU CPF QPG TKPI KP VJG CPINGU .+861.(85 '25 4 6GORNG YKVJ 88+ KP EGPVTG #8)856# %+8 *CJP #C 5VGKPJKNDGT D F G IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG VQPG -WTRHÂ·N\KUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ -NWIG

*#469+) + XQP .+'4*'+/

*CNDDTCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ UOCNN EJWTEJ CPF ETQUKGT 4 $WUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU QXGT CTEJ YKVJ UOCNN HCEG 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CPF HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT +H VJG QDXGTUG UJQYU $KUJQR *CTVYKI YKVJ OKVTG YJQ KU FGRKEVGF QP VJG TGXGTUG! 6JG VQR HKIWTG OKIJV DG C YQOCP

5V #HTC! VJG DQVVQO KU C OCP 5V 1FCNTKEJ! 6JKU KU C IGPWKPG &Ã&#x2019;PPRHGPPKI 5VGKPJKNDGT MPQYU QH QPN[ C HGY URGEKOGPU

337

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS

*CNDDTCMVGCV # $WUV QH CP CPIGN T YKVJ ETQUKGT 4 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 5VGKPJKNDGT IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG QDXGTUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG TGXGTUG DCFN[ UVTWEM CPF JCTFN[ XKUKDNG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z $QPJQHH EQNNGEVKQP 0CW 6JG TGXGTUG UGGOU VQ UJQY C DWUV QXGT VJG CTEU CPF QPG WPFGT VJG CTE CU YGNN 6JCV YQWNF NKPM VJKU EQKP VQ PQ

VJKU EQKPŉU OKF UGEVKQP KU VQQ UOCNN VQ HWNN[ FGRKEV YJCV YG UGG QP PQ 6JKU KU CP GZCORNG QH C VTCPUKVKQPCN EQKP DGVYGGP &ÒPPRHGPPKI CPF DTCEVGCVG

7&#.5%*#.- 7FCNUEJCNM YCU WPCPKOQWUN[ GNGEVGF DKUJQR QP VJG FC[ QH JKU RTGFGEGUUQTŉU FGOKUG *CTVYKI + +P JG EQPUGETCVGF VJG 7NTKEJ EJWTEJ KP VJG RTGUGPEG QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC CPF JKU VJTGG UQPU *KU DGCTKPI VJG GRKVJGV ŋ%QWPV QH 'UEJGPNQJGŌ ECPPQV DG RTQXGF CPF RQUUKDN[ KU QH NCVGT QTKIKP #V VJG FQWDNG TQ[CN GNGEVKQP KP 2JKNKR CPF 1VVQ JG EJQUG VQ LQKP 5VCWHGT TCPMU FGURKVG JKU IQQF TGNCVKQPU YKVJ VJG RQRG 7FCNUEJCNM UVTWEM VJG HKTUV JCNH DTCEVGCVGU YKVJ VJG GHHKI[ QH VJG DKUJQR *KUVQTKECN UQWTEGU RTQXKFG NKVVNG OQTG VJCP UECPV KPHQTOCVKQP QP VJG RGTKQF HTQO 7FCNUEJCNM VQ 5KDQVQ

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI CTEJGU CPF NKU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # $WUV YKVJ OKVTG HCKPI DGVYGGP VYQ EKTENGU YKVJ VTKCPINGU CPF CTEJGU $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

$TCMVGCV # $WUV YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ EKTENGU YKVJ VTKCPINGU CPF CTEJGU $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

X F &WUUGP /CCUVTKEJV #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ EWR CPF ETQUU QH 5V 7NTKEJ $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC X F &WUUGP /CCUVTKEJV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 5VGKPJKNDGT WUGU VJG VGZV KPFKECVGF *QYGXGT VJGTG KU QHVGP OGPVKQP QH VJG 7NTKEJ EJCNKEG YKVJQWV C HQQV CPF QH VJG 7NTKEJ ETQUU #EEQTFKPI VQ VJG NGIGPF VJG ITCXG QH 5V 7NTKEJ YCU QRGPGF KP CPF JKU EJCNKEG NCEMKPI KVU HQQV CPF RTQDCDN[ JKU ETQUU VQQ YGTG HQWPF KP KV

338

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS *#469+) ++ XQP *+40*'+/ 7RQP 7FCNUEJCNMÅ&#x2030;U FGOKUG VJG ECVJGFTCN EJCRVGT WPCPKOQWUN[ GNGEVGF *CTVYKI *QYGXGT JG HCKNGF VQ HWNHKN QPG QH VJG RTG TGSWKUKVGU VQ DGEQOG DKUJQR JG YCU CP KNNGIKVKOCVG EJKNF JKU HCVJGT YCU WPMPQYP 6JG JWTTKGF GNGEVKQP JCF DGGP RTQORVGF D[ HGCTU QH C UGEWNCT CRRQKPVOGPV D[ VJG 5VCWHGTU KP RCTVKEWNCT 6JG RQRG CRRQKPVGF JKO CFOKPKUVTCVQT QH VJG FKQEGUG +P 2QRG +PPQEGPV FGENCTGF JKO DKUJQR CHVGT CP KPXGUVKICVKQP QH JKU QTKIKPU JCF DGGP EQPENWFGF VJG RQUKVKXG CFXKEG QH #TEJDKUJQR 5KGIHTKGF +++ QH /CKP\ ECTTKGF ITGCV YGKIJV KP VJKU HKPCN FGEKUKQP *CTVYKI YCU PGXGT QTFCKPGF CPF VJWU TGOCKPGF EJQ UGP *KU DGKPI QTFCKPGF CU RTKGUV GXGP KU FQWDVGF D[ UQOG +P VJG UWEEGUUKQP EQPVTQXGTU[ DGVYGGP 2JKNKR CPF 1VVQ JG UVTQXG VQ OCKPVCKP ENQUG VKGU DQVJ YC[U DWV JG VGPFGF VQYCTFU VJG 5VCWHGTU

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU CTEJGU CPF NKU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ NGQRCTFU QXGT VJTGG CTEJGU YKVJ UOCNN HCEG KP VJG OKFFNG CTEJGU CPF NKU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z %GTOCM EQNNGEVKQP 9KGP -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 9G HKPF GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG KOCIG KP $CXCTKC $GKGTNGKP CPF CPF 'OOGTKI CPF 6JG[ CVVTKDWVG VJGO VQ &WMG .QWKU + CRRTQZ

$GVYGGP *CTVYKI ++ CPF 5KDQVQ VJGTG CNUQ KU 5KGIHTKGF +++ QH 4GEJDGTI *G YCU HTQO 5VCWHGT NKPGCIG #HVGT JCXKPI DGGP FGCP QH VJG ECVJGFTCN JG YCU QTFCKPGF DKUJQR KP *G YCU C UVCNYCTV QH (TGFGTKEM ++ DWV PGXGTVJGNGUU OCKPVCKPGF ENQUG VKGU YKVJ 4QOG +P JG VQQM WR VJG ETQUU 5KGIG QH &COKGVVG CPF KP CICKP PQY YKVJ .CPFITCXG .QWKU QH 6JWTKPIKC *G FKGF GP TQWVG KP $TKPFKUK KP &GURKVG JKU HTGSWGPV CDUGPEG JG PGXGT PGINGEVGF JKU FKQEGUG

5+$161 5KDQVQ KU HTQO VJG HCOKN[ QH 5GGHGNF CHVGT 5GGHGNF QP VJG 2KNUGPUGG +P JG YCU QTFCKPGF DKUJQR *KU TGKIP UCY VJG EWNOKPCVKQP QH VGPUKQP DGVYGGP VJG GORGTQT CPF VJG RQRG +P JG XQWEJGF HQT (TGFGTKEM ++ QP TGSWGUV D[ 2QRG )TGIQT[ +: *G YCU C HCKVJHWN UWRRQTVGT QH (TGFGTKEMÅ&#x2030;U UQP *GPT[ 8++ YJQ JCF DGGP MKPI QH )GTOCP[ UKPEG #HVGT VJG TKHV DGVYGGP (TGFGTKEM CPF *GPT[ 5KDQVQ UKFGF YKVJ (TGFGTKEM #HVGT VJG NCVVGT JCF DGGP GZ EQOOWPKECVGF KP /CTEJ 5KDQVQ TGHWUGF VQ FGENCTG C DCP QP (TGFGTKEM +P JG VTKGF VQ TGEQP EKNG GORGTQT CPF RQRG DWV VQ PQ CXCKN *KU TGHWUCN VQ KORQUG HQTGOGPVKQPGF DCP ECWUGF JKO VQ DG DCPPGF KP VWTP 1P VJG TGSWGUV QH 4QOG JG UVQQF FQYP KP VJG QHHKEKCN TGCUQP IKXGP YCU QNF CIG CHVGT YJKEJ JG TGVTGCVGF VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ -CKUJGKO

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH 5VGKPJKNDGT IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

5-# <Ã&#x2019;TKEJ

339

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ NKU VQYGT DGJKPF JKO $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 44 &CTM RCVKPC GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

*#46/#00 XQP &+..+0)'0

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ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5VGKPJKNDGT VQ CTEJGU

$TCMVGCV # 9KPIGF $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT N $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 0KEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 9TWEM $GTNKP 5NI $QPJQHH

)QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO (WPF X .GEJHGNF PQ XCT 5VGKPJKNDGT CTEJGU

340

'PF VJ EGPVWT[ UV JCNH VJ EGPVWT[ $TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU PKPG CTEJGU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

$TCMVGCV # $WUV YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ CTEJGU CPF VYQ TKPIU $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ ETQUKGTU PKPG CTEJGU QP GFIG 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS /#437#4& XQP 4#0&'%-

$TCMVGCV # *GCF QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP HQWT RGNNGVU $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO (TQO VJKU EQKP QP VJG GFIG YKVJ VJG CTEU ITCFWCNN[ FKUCRRGCTU WPVKN KV KU HKPCNN[ IQPG

+P /CTSWCTF XQP 4CPFGEM YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU D[ %JCTNGU +8 6JG FGGF QH ,WN[ ITCPVGF VJG DKUJQR VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU KP #WIUDWTI QT &KNNKPIGP +P VJG HQNNQYKPI [GCT /CTSWCTF FGENCTGF VQ VJG MKPI VJCV JG JCF UVTWEM JGNNGTU KP &KNNKPIGP VJG YGKIJV QH YJKEJ JG JCF QD VCKPGF RGTOKUUKQP HQT D[ VJG EKVKGU 1P ,WPG VJG MKPI KP VWTP CEMPQYNGFIGF VJCV VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU GZVGPFGF GZENWUKXGN[ VQ &KNNKPIGP CPF PQYJGTG GNUG 5VGKPJKNDGT R

$74%-*#4& XQP '..'4$#%*

*·PFGN *GNNGT &KNNKPIGP # *CPF YKVJ & QP KV 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ +P C ECV QH VJG /ÒP\\GPVTWO VJKU KU ENCUUGF WPFGT #WIUDWTI 5GG CNUQ (ÌTUEJPGT CPF 5NI $QPJQHH

2'6'4 XQP 5%*#7/$74)

2HGPPKI # *GCF QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP ETQUKGT CPF R[T 4 $ OQPG[GT (TCP\ $CUKPIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ (ÌTUEJPGT 6JG RKPGEQPG R[T KU VJG EQCV QH CTOU QH VJG EKV[ QH #WIUDWTI +V QEEWTU VJG HKTUV VKOG QP 5VGKPJKNDGT CPF UKIPK HKGU VJG ITQYKPI KPHNWGPEG QH VJG DWTIJGTU

2HGPPKI # *GCF QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP ETQUKGT CPF R[T 4 .GVVGT U PQV XKUKDNG 5VGKPJKNDGT ! IT 8GT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG

,1*#00 ++ (4+'&4+%* +++

2HGPPKI # *GCF QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP ETQUKGT CPF R[T 4 /$ DGVYGGP VYQ VTKCPINGU OQPG[GT /CVJKCU $CUKPIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT C IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ (ÌTUEJPGT

341

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS 4Q[CN EQKPCIG *'+04+%* ++ -KPI GORGTQT *GPT[ ++ YCU C DTQVJGT QH $KUJQR $TWPQ QH #WIUDWTI

&GPCT TF V[RG #WIUDWTI # %TQYPGF DWUV T *+ 4+ KP HTQPV CPF 4': DGJKPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU TKPI VJTGG RGNNGVU YGFIG KP VJG CPINGU Ő #8)56# %+81 *CJP 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP &CPPGPDGTI XCT -KPI *GPT[ ++ YCU CNUQ FWMG QH $CXCTKC CU *GPT[ +8 PF RGTKQF 6JKU EQKP EQPUVKVWVGU VJG QNFGUV TQ[CN KUUWG QH #WIUDWTI

(4+'&4+%* +

*CNDDTCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV N YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF HNCI CTEJGU YKVJ ETQUUGU QP GFIG 4 'ORGTQT QP VJTQPG YKVJ UVCHH JCTFN[ XKUKDNG 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT

*'+04+%* 8+

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF JGCFU QH GORGTQT CPF GORTGUU QXGT CTEJ CPF TQUGVVG UVCHH DGVYGGP VJGO CTEJGU YKVJ ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG X F &WUUGP /CCUVTKEJV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ GCINGU YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO QXGT NKPG WPFGT VJG NKPG ETQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CPF VYQ TKPIU $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG YKVJ FCTM RCVKPC

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 5NI $QPJQHH

342

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS (4+'&4+%* ++

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU TKPI N CDQXG $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG #JNUVTÌO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ )GDJCTV 5VWORH CVVTKDWVGU VJKU VQ &QPCWYÌTVJ

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI WPFGT ETQUU NKQP TCORCPV T PKPG CTEJGU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH )GDJCTV 5VGKPJKNDGT CTEJGU

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ GCINGU QP ICDNG QXGT ETQUU CTEJGU QP VJG GFIG $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT /KPQT HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH 'Z -TGUU CWEVKQP PQ 5VGKPJKNDGT ,CJTD H 0WOKUOCVKM WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG PQ 'Z -TGUU CWEVKQP PQ )GDJCTV /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV &QPCWYÌTVJ PQ

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ NKU CPF HCNEQP $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC 5-# $GTP 5VGKPJKNDGT (TKGFTKEJ ++ CPF -QPTCF +8

'.+5#$'6* XQP $#;'40

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU CPF RCNO NGCH VJTGG RGNNGVU CTQWPF JGCF PKPG CTEJGU QP GFIG $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'NKUCDGVJ KU VJG YKFQY QH %QPTCF +8 YKFQY WPVKN 5NI $QPJQHH 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT (TGFGTKEM ++ %QPTCFKP Ŏ

343

MONETA AUGUSTENSIS

-104#&+0

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJKP QTPCOGPV PKPG CTEJGU QP GFIG $GTIGT 0CW 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ )GDJCTV 5NI $QPJQHH 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT (TGFGTKEM ++ %QPTCFKP Ŏ

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF RCNO NGCH $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEMU XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT %QPTCFKP &WMG .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF RCNO NGCH $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJKP QTPCOGPV $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU CV VJG GFIG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT %QPTCFKP &WMG .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC #NUQ UGG PQ

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT %QPTCFKP &WMG .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU $GTIGT 5VGKPJKNDGT IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG JCPFU ENGCTN[ CRRGCT VQ DG JQNFKPI VJG VQYGTU 5VGKPJKNDGT ENCUUGU VJKU WPFGT %QPTCFKP &WMG .QWKU ++ QH $CXCTKC

344

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS

/10'6# %1056#06+'05+5 6JG /QPGVC %QPUVCPVKGPUKU QEEWRKGF C NCTIG CTGC YKVJ OCP[ OKPVU (TQO CTQWPF VJG UK\G YCU TGFWEGF %QPUVCPEG YCU VJG QPN[ FKQEGUG KP VJG CTGC +P CFFKVKQP VQ VJG GRKUEQRCN EQKPU YG UGG /QPCUVKE EQKPU 5V )CNNGP 4GKEJGPCW 4GKEJGPCW 5EJCHHJCWUGP 9GKPICTVGP -GORVGP CPF .KPFCW 4Q[CN EQKPU 7NO 4CXGPUDWTI ªDGTNKPIGP CPF 4QVVYGKN &[PCUVKE EQKPU 5KIOCTKPIGP /GOOKPIGP CPF /CTMFQTH +P VJKU CTGC PQ EQKPU HTQO VJG 5YCDKCP &WMGU QEEWTTGF +P VJG UWDLQKPGF NKUV QH VJG XCTKQWU OKPV RNCEGU VJG CTVKENG D[ -NGKP CPF 7NOGT YCU HQNNQYGF 6JG PWODGT QH V[RGU RGT OKPV VGPFU VQ DG NQY YKVJ VJG GZEGRVKQP QH %QPUVCPEG CU VJG QPN[ GRKUEQRCN OKPV QH 7NO

CU C TQ[CN OKPV CPF QH 4CXGPUDWTI CU C OCLQT EGPVTG QH EQOOGTEG 6JG OQPGVC EQPUVCPVKGPUKU CTG CDQWV NQYGT KP YGKIJV VJCP VJG OQPGVC CWIWUVGPUKU 6JG EQKPU QH VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ YGTG NQECN EQKPU DGKPI EKTEWNCVGF TGIKQPCNN[ WUWCNN[ YKVJKP VJG FKQEGUG DQWPFCTKGU -1056#0<

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

HTQO <·JTKPIGP UWRRQTVGF VJG RQRG CPF [GV CFJGTGF VQ TGHQTO KFGCU +V YCU VJG DGIKPPKPI QH C FWCN QEEWRCPE[ QH VJG UGG 6JG 5VCWHGT GTC OGCPV ITGCV HNQWTKUJKPI VQ %QPUVCPEG +H VJG MKPI TGUKFGF KP C RNCEG KV YCU EWUVQOCT[ VQ FGOCPF UVCVWVC UGTXKVKC 6JG VQYP NQTFŉU RTKXKNGIGU YGTG UWURGPFGF VQ OCMG RNCEG HQT VJG MKPIŉU TGIC NKC 6JKU CRRNKGF RCTVKEWNCTN[ VQ VJG TKIJV QH OKPV +P C EJCTVGT QH (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC GZRNKEKVN[ TGPQWPEGF VJKU TKIJV KP HCXQWT QH VJG DKUJQR CPF JKU UWEEGUUQTU &WTKPI VJG TGKIP QH *GTOCP + QH #TDQP VJG 2GCEG QH %QPUVCPEG YCU UKIPGF 6JG NCUV FWMG VQ UGEWTG ENQUG VKGU VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU YCU &KGVJGNO XQP -TGPMKPIGP +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG RQYGT QH VJG GRKUEQRCN EJCRVGT YCU KPETGCUGF CV VJG EQUV QH VJG DKUJQRUŉ +P VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG DKUJQRU OCPCIGF VQ GPNCTIG VJGKT VGTTKVQT[ QPG NCUV VKOG 6JG VJ EGPVWT[ YCU EJCTCEVGTKUGF D[ C FWCNKV[ VJTQWIJQWV KP VJCV DQVJ RQRG CPF GORGTQT CRRQKPVGF QHHKEGU 6JG VQYP YCU RNCEGF WPFGT CP KPVGTFKEV YJKEJ ECWUGF C NQUU QH RQUKVKQP (TQO VKNN VJG TKIJV VQ CRRQKPV DKUJQRU YCU FKURWVGF DGVYGGP VJG EJCRVGT QH VJG ECVJGFTCN CPF VJG RQRG

*#;/1

&GPCT # $WUV QH C 5CKPV HCEKPI *+1őő TGVTQITCFG 4 *CPF 5#0%68ő %CJP &CPPGP DGTI IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP -NWIG TGCFU # 56' 2*#085 CPF 4 %105 6#06+# '2#5 VJGUG VGZVU CTG JCTFN[ NGIKDNG QP VJG FGRKEVKQP &CPPGPDGTI MPQYU QPG URGEKOGP QPN[ HTQO 6JQOUQP PQ CPF TGCFU # *'+/1ő 4 056#05+# Ő &1+ VJG DWUV YQWNF JCXG DGGP 5V 5VGRJCPWUŉU &CPPGPDGTI %CJP %CJP JCU VJG UCOG RKEVWTG CU VJKU EQKP +VU KPUETKRVKQPU CTG # 5# 856' CPF 4 %156#0 '#&

345

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 7.4+%* ++ )TCH XQP %#56'.. VQ 47/*1.& XQP $1056'66'0

'KPUGKVKIGT &ÒPPRHGPPKI # $KUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU $GTIGT %CJP C %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ WO

&+'6*'./ XQP -4'0-+0)'0

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM WPFGT VJTGG CTEJGU UGXGP RGNNGVU CDQXG $GTIGT %CJP %% IT 5OCNN GFIG DTGCMU QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG F QTKIKPCNN[ MPQYP CU ŋ(F XQP 9QNHGIIŌ KU YKVJ URGEKOGPU VJG ITGCVGUV JQCTF QH $QFGPUGGDTCEVGCVGU 2WDNKEKUGF D[ X *ÌHMGP #TEJKX HÒT $TCMVGCVGPMWPFG $F R HH KP EQORNGVGN[ TGXKUGF D[ 0CW &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 'NEJGPTGWVG KP *CODWTIGT $GKVT·IG \WT 0WOKUOCVKM 8+ R 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

-104#& ++ XQP 6')'40('.&

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI T JCPF CPF RCNO NGCH $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN (F 'NEJGPTGWVG C 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ 6JG PQ KU %% PQV %% 0CW KP (F 'NEJGPTGWVG ō5GJT CWHHCNNGPF KUV FCU PKGFTKIG )GYKEJV FKGUGT 2HGPPKI YCU KJTG &CVKGTWPI KP FKG GT ,CJTG PCJGNKGIV GPVYGFGT KP FCU 'PFG FGT 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV -QPTCFU ++ QFGT KP FGP $GIKPP FGT 4GIKGTWPI *GKPTKEJU + ŋ 6JG NQY YGKIJV QH VJKU RHGPPKI KU UVTKMKPI YJKEJ UWIIGUVU KV OWUV DG FCVGF CTQWPF VJG GPF QH VJG TGKIP QH %QP TCF ++ QT VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJCV QH *GPT[ + (F 'NEJGPTGWVG IKXGU CP CXGTCIG YGKIJV HQT V[RG C IT CPF HQT V[RG D IT 6JKU QPG YGKIJU IT +P O[ QRKPKQP VJKU KPXCNKFCVGU VJG CTIWOGPV

$TCMVGCV # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT KP T JCPF CPQVJGT ETQUKGT N $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI .ÌDDGEMG IT 6JG EJCKT KU JCTFN[ XKUKDNG UOCNN HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ ō'KP $WEJ XQT FGT $TWUV JCNVGPFŉ &CU KUV FWTEJCWU OÌINKEJ QDUEJQP FKG 'XCPIGNKCTG KP FGT 4GIGN ITÌGT FCTIGUVGNNV YGTFGP &KGUGT $TCMVGCV IGJÌTV \W FGP XQNNMQOOGPUVGP 9GTMGP FGT 5VGORGNUEJPGKFGMWPUV CO $QFGPUGG 'KPG CWUIG\GKEJPGVG MQORQUKVQTKUEJG +FGG XGTDKPFGV FKG DGKFGP PCEJ KPPGP IGYCPFVGP -TWOOUV·DG OKV FGT JQEJ TGNKGHKGTV WPF MT·HVKI IG\GKEJPGVGP $KUEJQHUHKIWT \W GKPGO GKPFTWEMXQNNGP KP FCU 4WPF OÒJGNQU IGHÒIVGP )CP\GP %CJP ŋ

*QNFKPI C DQQM KP HTQPV QH JKU EJGUV 6JKU KU XGT[ YGNN RQUUKDNG CNVJQWIJ VJG IQURGNU DQQMU CTG QHVGP TGPFGTGF NCTIGT 6JKU DTCEVGCVG KU QPG QH VJG OQUV RGTHGEV YQTMU QH VJG CTV QH FKGEWVVKPI KP VJG .CMG %QPUVCPEG CTGC #P GZ EGNNGPV EQORQUKVKQP LQKPU DQVJ ETQUKGTU VWTPGF KPYCTF YKVJ VJG HKIWTG QH VJG DKUJQR YJKEJ KU KP JKIJ TGNKGH CPF RQY GTHWNN[ UMGVEJGF VQ HQTO CP KORTGUUKXG YJQNG GHHQTVNGUUN[ HKVVGF KP VJG EKTENG %CJP

346

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS '$'4*#4& ++ XQP 9#.&$74) 6*#00

$TCMVGCV EC # %*410# DGVYGGP VYQ ETQYPU %CJP %% 0CW IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ %CJP #PO 5 -NGKP -0 (F X *QN\DWTI 5 7NO &$$ %*410# ETQYP $KUJQR 'DGTJCTF YCU VJG IWCTFKCP QH VJG NCUV 5VCWHGT %QPTCFKP +P %QPTCFKP ECOG VQ %QPUVCPEG &WTKPI JKU TGUKFGPEG VJGTG 'DGTJCTF YCPVGF VQ QDVCKP VJG 'ORGTQTU ETQYP HQT %QPTCFKP CPF PGIQVKCVGF VJG OCVVGT YKVJ RQRG 7TDCPWU ++ 9KNNKCO QH *QNNCPF YJQ JCF DGGP GNGEVGF MKPI QH )GTOCP[ KP VJG UCOG RGTKQF FGUKTGF VQ JCXG VJG KORGTKCN TGICNKC YJKEJ JCF DGGP MGRV KP VJG ECUVNG 6TWEJUGUUGP XQP 9CNFDWTI 6JKU EQKP YKVJ %*410# DGVYGGP VJG VYQ ETQYPU HKVU VJKU EQPVTQXGTU[ RGTHGEVN[ +P CPQVJGT XGTUKQP %*410# EQWNF DG TGCF CU %*8104#&85 41/#08/ 4': VJG NCUV NGVVGT YQWNF VJGP DG TGCF CU / QT 4 +P VJCV ECUG KV UJQWNF DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ C TQ[CN OKPV KP VJG EKTEWNCVKQP CTGC QH VJG %QPUVCPEG EQKPU FWTKPI VJG TGKIP QH -KPI %QPTCF +8 +P O[ QRKPKQP VJG HKTUV GZRNCPCVKQP UJQWNF DG RTGHGTTGF

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UEGRVTG $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG &$$

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF RCNO NGCH $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW IT 2TGUUWTGF CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ %CJP /QPVHQTV (F X 0KGTTKGFGP -NGKP -0

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ ETQUUGF ETQUKGTU QXGT ETGUEGPV UVCT CDQXG $GTIGT %CJP C %% IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F 0KGFGTTKGFGP 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

$TCMVGCV # $KUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ HNCIU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU -TGW\HCJPG $GTIGT %CJP %% IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN %CJP # %QPUVCPEG EQWPVGTRCTV VQ C YGNN MPQYP #WIUDWTIGT V[RG

*'+04+%* ++ XQP -.+0)'0$'4) VQ 0+-1.#75 XQP (4#7'0('.&

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF NKU $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

347

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS

/WPKEKRCN EQKPCIG $CV\GP EC # 5JKGNF KP UGXGPHQKN : „ /10'6# Q %+8+6#6+5 Q %1056#0% „ 4 'CING N

„ 6+$+ „ 51.+ „ ).14+# „ '6 „ *1414 „ %CJP 5EJWNVGP IT (NCP ETCEM QP VJG TGXGTUG QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

5EJKNNKPI $CV\GP # 0KODCVG 5V -QPTCF HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT Ő 5 %104#& '25ŉ %1056 4 5JKGNF KP VTGHQKN GCING YKVJKP EKTENG CDQXG Q /10'6# Ő %+8+6#6+5 Ő %1056 %CJP 5EJWNVGP IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDT PQ

5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 0CW

5EJKNNKPI $CV\GP CHVGT # 0KODCVG 5V -QPTCF HCEKPI YKVJ DNGUUKPI JCPF CPF ETQUKGT 5 %104#& '25 %1056 γ 4 5JKGNF KP VTGHQKN GCING YKVJKP EKTENG CDQXG Q /10'6# Ő %+8+6#6+5 Ő %1056 %CJP 5EJWNVGP IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 0CW C F 5EJKNNKPI CHVGT #EV QH 4KGFNKPIGP 6JG FKHHGTGPEG YKVJ PQ KU VJCV VJKU QPG JCU C ã CHVGT %1056 PQ FQGU PQV

4#&1.(<'.. #$6'+ 4'+%*'0#7 6JG CDDG[ 4GKJGPCW YCU HQWPFGF KP D[ VJG ŋ9CPFGTDKUEJQHŌ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ŉU UWEEGUUQT VJG DKUJQR QH $CUGN *GKVQ YCU CV NGCUV CU KPHNWGPVKCN *G NGF VJG FGNGICVKQP VQ $[\ CPVKWO VQ PGIQVKCVG VJG TGEQIPKVKQP QH VJG KORGTKCN FKIPKV[ QH %JCTNGOCIPG 6JG TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ .QWKU VJG 2KQWU YCU PQV PGCTN[ CU IQQF CPF 4CFQNHU\GNN DGECOG C TGIWNCT OQPCUVGT[ QPEG CICKP *GKVQ CDFK ECVGF KP CPF FKGF KP CU C OQPM KP VJG UCOG OQPCUVGT[ #TQWPF TGUR 0KGFGT\GNN CPF 4CFQNH\GNN YGTG HQWPFGF 6QIGVJGT YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ CDDQV *GKVQ +++ EQOOKUUKQPGF *GTOCPP FGP .CJOGP VJG .COG VQ DWKNF VJG )GQTI EJWTEJ KP 1DGT\GNN YKVJ VJG HCOQWU OWTCNU &WTKPI JKU XKUKV VQ 4QOG KP *GPT[ YCU RTGUGPVGF YKVJ VJG JGCF QH 5V )GQTIG CPF VJG EJWTEJ YCU FGFKECVGF VQ VJKU UCKPV 6JG PWODGT QH OQPMU FGETGCUGF +V YCU QPN[ WPFGT VJG 1VVQPGU VJCV VJG OQPCUVGT[ HNQWTKUJGF QPEG OQTG +V YCU VJGP VJCV VJG HCOQWU OCPWUETKRVU QTKIKPCVGF #TQWPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ FGENKPGF (TQO %QPUVCPEG CU YGNN CU HTQO VJG 5YCDKCP PQDKNKV[ KVU KOOW PKV[ YCU EJCNNGPIGF &WTKPI VJG +PXGUVKVWTG %QPVTQXGTU[ #DDQV 'MMGJCTF ++ QH 0GNNGDWTI UKFGF YKVJ VJG RQRG (TQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG PWODGT QH OQPMU FGENKPGF UVTQPIN[ CPF VJG ITGCV HKTG QH YCU KP HCEV VJG HKPCN DNQY HQT VJG OQPCUVGT[

&+'6*'./ XQP -4'0-+0)'0

348

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ HKUJGU DGVYGGP VJTGG UVCTU 01026# #$$#6+5 #8)205+5 $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z 5NI ' %CJP (TQO NKUV PQ OGPVKQPGF KP %% 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV CVVTKDWVKQP VQ $GPGFKEVKPG CDDG[ (KUEJKPIGP KP VJG ECPVQP 6JWTICW (F 'NEJGPTGWVG 6JKU V[RG DGCTU ENQUG TGUGODNCPEG VQ VJG EQKPU QH 5EJCHHJCWUGP %QPUVCPEG CPF 5V )CNNGP +V QEEWTU HTGSWGPVN[ UQ KV OWUV JCXG DGGP KUUWGF HTQO CP KORQTVCPV OKPV 4GKEJGPCW OGGVU VJKU TGSWKTGOGPV &KGVJGNO XQP -TGPMKPIGP YCU DKUJQR QH %QPUVCPEG CV VJCV VKOG UKPEG ō#8)+#ŋ TGHGTU VQ 4GKEJGPCW KP CP QNF EJCTVGT KV KU UKORN[ ECNNGF ō#8ŋ # UGCN QH VJG EQPXGPV VJ EGPVWT[ FGRKEVU /CT[ YKVJ VJG %JKNF CPF VJG YQTF #8)+# %CJP CVVTKDWVGF VJKU EQKP VQ (KUEJKPIGP UGG RCIG CPF PQ GV UGSS 0CW QDUGTXGF JQYGXGT VJCV (KUEJKPIGP YCU CP KPUKIPKHKECPV OQPCUVGT[ FGRGPFCPV QP %QPUVCPEG CV VJG VKOG 4JGKPCW YQWNF DG CEEGRVCDNG VJQWIJ *GTG VJG TKIJV QH OKPV GZKUVGF UKPEG VJG VJ EGPVWT[ %CJP R CPF 0CWŉU QDLGEVKQPU QH ōFKUVCPVŋ CPF ōWPKORQTVCPVŋ FQ PQV CRRN[ +P VJG FGUETKRVKQP QH VJG 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ VJG EJQKEG QH 4GKEJ GPCW QT 4JGKPCW KU NGHV QRGP

-104#& XQP <+//'40

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH C DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF QTD QXGT HKUJ T ETQUU NCVKP ETQUU CPF VYQ CPPWNGVU KP HKGNF $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW IT (NCP ETCEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5-# $GTP (F 'NEJGPTGWVG 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ 6JKU HKUJ FKHHGTU ITGCVN[ HTQO VJQUG QP VJG DTCEVGCVG YKVJ VJG VYQ HKUJGU KV ENGCTN[ UJQYU KVU DQPGU 6JG UV[NG FKHHGTU CPF 0CW VQQ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG PQ RQKPVGF OQTG VQYCTFU 7NO #WIUDWTI 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 4GKEJGPCW KU VJGTG HQTG FWDKQWU 2GTKQF #DDQV *GKPTKEJ + X %CNY QT #DDQV %QPTCF X <KOOGTP HTQO 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG UVCVGU VJG UCOG # UVTKMKPI VGEJPKSWG YKVJ NKVVNG TGNKGH CPF C EJCTCEVGTKUVKE UV[NG VJCV DGNQPIU VQ C ITQWR QH DTCEVGCVGU QH 7RRGT 5YCDKC OCKPN[ 7NO U 5 GV UGS 6JG FCVKPI KU FKURWVGF %CJP R FCVGU KV CTQWPF (TGFGTKEM ++ DWV [QWPIGT CPCN[UGU CTTKXG CV VJG NCUV SWCTVGT QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ )GDJCTV -GORVGP R $TCWP XQP 5VWOO VQQ OGPVKQPU VJKU GCTN[ FCVKPI OQTG VJCP QPEG +P TGEGPV [GCTU JQYGXGT VJG JQCTF QH VJG ECUVNG *GTYCTVUVGKP PGCT -ÌPKIUDTQPP RQKPVU KP VJG FKTGEVKQP QH %CJPŉU RTQRQUKVKQP QPEG OQTG (F 'NEJGPTGWVG 0Q 0Q 6JG HKUJ QH PQ CPF FKHHGT ITGCVN[ 6JG HKUJ QP PQ KU UECNGF QP VJG DQPGU CTG UJQYP 6JG OW TCNU KP VJG 5V )GQTI EJWTEJ KP 1DGT\GNN FCVG HTQO CTQWPF 1PG QH VJG UEGPGU UJQYU HKUJ VJG UVQTO QP VJG NCMG /CVVJ +P PQ CXCKNCDNG FGRKEVKQP CTG VJG HKUJ UQ FGVCKNGF CU QP VJG EQKPU $QGEMNGT +MQPQITCRJKUEJG 5VWFKGP \W FGP 9WPFGTU\GPGP KP FGT QVVQPKUEJGP /CNGTGK FGT 4GKEJGPCW /ÒPEJGP IKXGU OQTG OCVGTKCN HQT EQORCTKUQP +P VJG %QFGZ 'IDGTVK KP VJG UCOG 0GY 6GUVCOGPV UEGPG PQ HKUJ QEEWT +P VJG )QURGN DQQM QH 1VVQ +++

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

349

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 56 )#..'0

6JKU YCU VJG OQPCUVGT[ QH VJG UCKPVU )CNNWU CPF 1VOCT )CNNWU C RWRKN QH %QNWODCP HQWPFGF C EGNN KP #HVGT JKU FGCVJ CTQWPF KV EGCUGF VQ GZKUV +P C PGY HQWPFKPI YCU WPFGTVCMGP D[ VJG #NCOCP 1VOCT YJQ YCU GFWECVGF KP %JWT #V VJG KPUVK ICVKQP QH 2KRRKP VJG ō4GIWNC 5V $GPGFKEVKŋ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

7.4+%* XQP 5V )#..'0

*CNDDTCMVGCV # 5SWCTG CPF ENGTKECN JGCF JCTFN[ XKUKDNG 4 6YQ TKPIU YKVJ ETQUU KP EGPVTG VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING &CPPGPDGTI EH IT 4 7PEGPVGTGF HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO VJG JQCTF 5VGEMDQTP VJG (WPF XQP 5VGEMDQTP YCU FKUEQXGTGF KP CPF EQPVCKPGF CTQWPF URGEKOGPU 5GG 6TCEJUGN 6TQWXCKNNG FG 5VGEMDQTP .CWUCPPG 6JG TGXGTUG QH VJKU EQKP DTKPIU VQ OKPF &CPPGPDGTI

UGG 6TCEJUGN +++ +H VJKU KU EQTTGEV VJGTG ECP DG PQ ENGCT CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 5V )CNNGP KV EQWNF DG %QPUVCPEG QT %JWT LWUV CU YGNN 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 7NTKEJ +++ QH 5V )CNNGP KU OCFG D[ &CPPGPDGTI 'PIGN 5GTWTG IKXGU CU OKPV 4QTUEJCEJ CPF CU OQPG[GT 7NTKEJ XQP 6GIGTPHGNF +P XKGY QH VJG HCEV VJCV 7NTKEJ CNTGCF[ UVTWEM DTCEVGCVGU VJKU CVVTKDWVKQP UGGOU UQOGYJCV KORTQDCDNG

*CNDDTCMVGCV # # 2 - + 2 9 / YKVJKP GFKHKEG 4 (CEG T KP USWCTG &CPPGPDGTI EH IT 4 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO JQCTF 5VGEMDQTP 5GG 6TCEJUGN 6TQWXCKNNG FG 5VGEMDQTP .CWUCPPG (QT HWTVJGT EQOOGPVCT[ UGG PQ

350

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 7.4+%* +8 XQP 6')'40('.&

$TCMVGCV # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI /10'6# Ő 5#0%6+ Ő )#..+ $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT %QORNGVGN[ NGIKDNG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ FCTM RCVKPC #TIGPQT 2CTKU #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

$TCMVGCV # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI /10'6# Ő 5#0%6+ Ő )#..+ $GTIGT %CJP XCT %% 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 8GT[ HKPG

5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

(TQO DTCEVGCVGU YKVJ VJG NCOD YGTG UVTWEM +P 5V )CNNGP VJG NCOD YCU VJG U[ODQN HQT %JTKUV CU VJG HKUJ YCU KP 4GKEJGPCW

9+.*'./ XQP /106(146

$TCMVGCV CHVGT # 0KODCVG NCOD N YKVJ HNCI GPFKPI KP ETQUU $GTIGT %CJP %% IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ %QTTCIKQPK

*'4/#00 XQP $1056'66'0

$TCMVGCV # 0KODCVG NCOD N YKVJ HNCI GPFKPI KP ETQUU $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ /G[GT 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ PCEJ 5EJYGK\GT /CEJCTV

7PURGEKHKGF FCVG QH OKPVKPI DGVYGGP CPF

$TCMVGCV ! # 0KODCVG NCOD N YKVJ ETQUU $GTIGT %CJP EH %% EH HH 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5CVVNGT XCT

$TCMVGCV 5EJCHHJCWUGP! # 4CO VYQ JQTPU T YKVJ ETQUU $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ /G[GT 5Q ECNNGF 4CORHGPPKI %% 5IN 9ÒVJTKEJ 5EJCHHJCWUGT $GKUEJNCI! 5EJCHHJCWUGP EQWPVGTHGKV!

351

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS #$6'+ .+0&#7 6JG KORGTKCN VQYP QH .KPFCW QTKIKPCVGF KP VJG ECPQPGUUGUÅ&#x2030; EQPXGPV HTQO 6JG 5VCWHGT IWCTFKCP UJKR QH VJG EQPXGPV HQWPFGF VJG 5VGRJCPÅ&#x2030;U EJWTEJ CTQWPF YJKEJ C VQYP CTQUG 6JG TKIJV QH OKPV CPF COOCPPUCOV RTGUKFGPE[ QH VJG VQYP EQWPEKN YGTG QDVCKPGF CU NCVG CU VJTQWIJ NKGP +P VJG CWVJQTKV[ QH VJG COOCPP YCU ITGCVN[ TGFWEGF D[ VJG IWKNFU KP QTFGT VQ UVTGPIVJGP VJGKT QYP RQUKVKQP +V KU ENGCT VJCV EQKPU YKVJ C NKOG VTGG QT NKOG NGCH DGNQPI VQ .KPFCW VJG NKOG KU VJG CTOU QH VJG VQYP *QYGXGT VJG SWGUVKQP KU 9JQ QYPGF VJG OKPV TKIJV VJG EQPXGPV KVU IWCTFKCP VJG MKPI QT DQVJ! 0CW

(F 'NEJGPTGWVG R UVCVGU VJCV VJG OQPG[GT YCU C EQPXGPV QHHKEKCN CNVJQWIJ VJGTG KU PQ MPQYNGFIG QH VJG QTKIKPCN FGGF VJWU KV YCU VJG EQPXGPV VJCV GZGTEKUGF OKPVKPI KP VJG PCOG QH VJG MKPI CPF WUGF JKU U[ODQNU CPF RCTVQQM KP VJG TGXGPWGU -NGKP CPF 7NOGT EQPEWT CPF CVVTKDWVG VJG EQKPU VQ VJG CDDG[ .KPFCW HTQO WPFGT TQ[CN RCTVKEKRCVKQP 1P VJG .KPFCW EQKPU VJG ECPVKPI CTOU CRRGCTGF HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG KP VJG NCUV SWCTVGT QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG NKOG VTGG YJKEJ YCU PQV UGGP QP VJG VQYPÅ&#x2030;U CTOU WPVKN VJG VJ EGPVWT[

$TCMVGCV EC # %TQYPGF JGCF DGVYGGP VYQ DTCPEJGU QH C NKOG VTGG $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM (TQO NKUV PQ .GDGM &$$ *GTG VJG MKPI KU FGRKEVGF CU C OQPG[GT YJKEJ RQKPVU VQ C EJCPIG KP NGICN EKTEWOUVCPEGU +P (TGFGTKEM ++ VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJG CDDGUU GNGXCVGF .KPFCW VQ C EKV[ CV YJKEJ QEECUKQP (TGFGTKEM WUWTRGF VJG OKPV TKIJV 6JKU FQGU PQV RTGENWFG VJCV VJG CDDGUU TGVCKPGF EGTVCKP TGXGPWGU HTQO VJG OKPVKPI

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ DTCPEJGU QH C NKOG VTGG EQPPGEVGF D[ CP CPPWNGV YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ

$TCMVGCV EC # .KOG VTGG YKVJ UKZ NGCHU $GTIGT %CJP %% IT 5OCNN ETCEM QP KTTGIWNCT HNCP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ .GDGM D

352

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS %*74

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

7.4+%* + )4#( XQP .'0<$74) 7NTKEJ YCU VJG HKTUV RTQXGP FGUEGPFCPV QH VJG EQOKVCN HCOKN[ QH .GP\DWTI *G YCU IWCTFKCP VQ VJG OQP CUVGT[ $GTQOÒPUVGT CPF QH VJG EQWPV[ #CTICW

&GPCT # %JTKUVWUOQPQITCO DGVYGGP #NRJC CPF 1OGIC 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING . 5 4+# &CPPGPDGTI -NWIG IT 44 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP -NWIG R IKXGU CU TGXGTUG VGZV %84+# %+8+6#5

&GPCT # *CPF 4 %JWTEJ %84 +# % +8+ 6 &CPPGPDGTI IT 44 +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP &CPPGPDGTI IKXGU CU QDXGTUG VGZV #.4 JGTG KV EQWNF DG .4 QH &'.4+%

353

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 5%*#((*#75'0

+P ,WN[ VJ %QWPV 'DGTJCTF +++ XQP 0GNNGPDWTI EQWPV KP <ÒTKEJICW YCU ITCPVGF TKIJV QH OKPV D[ *GPT[ +++ HQT ōC RNCEG ECNNGF 5EJCHHJCWUGPŋ XKNNC UE³HWUWO FKEVC 1P JKU QYP VGTTKVQT[ JG HQWPFGF C HCOKN[ OQPCUVGT[ KP VJG JQPQT QH VJG 5CNXCVQT +P VJKU TKIJV QH OKPV HGNN VQ VJKU #NN 5CKPVU OQPCU VGT[ #HVGT VJG GZVKPEVKQP QH VJG 0GNNGPDWTI F[PCUV[ KV DGECOG CP KORGTKCN OQPCUVGT[ +V UWHHGTGF CVVCEMU QH VJG <·JTKPIGTU &KUTGICTFKPI VJKU HCEV -KPI 2JKNKR QH 5YCDKC ITCPVGF KV CU C NKGP VQ $GTVJQNF 8 QH <·JTKPIGP #HVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU FGOKUG VJG OQPCUVGT[ HGNN VQ VJG GORKTG CICKP (TQO VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG VQYP QP VJG OKPV KPETGCUGF +P VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG OKPV DGNQPIGF VQ VJG VQYP CPF VJG CDDQVV TGTGKXGF CP CPPWCN EQORGPUCVKQP 6JG CDDQVŉU CWVJQTKV[ QXGT VJG VQYP YCU UVGCFKN[ WPFGTOKPGF CPF KP VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ VJG TQNGU YGTG TGXGTUGF CPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ YCU FGRGPFCPV QP VJG VQYP 6JG QNFGUV EQKPU CTG HTQO CTQWPF CPF UJQY C TCO QP VJG TQQH QH C JQWUG 6JG 5EJCHHJCWUGP OQPG[ YCU UECTEGN[ WUGF QWVUKFG VJG TGIKQP #V VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG KOCIG EJCPIGF VJG TCO PQY LWORGF HTQO C VQYGT 6JKU KU VJG TGFGPFGU 9CRRGP ECPVKPI CTOU QH 5EJCHHJCWUGP +P 5EJCHHJCWUGP YCU RNGFIGF VQ VJG FWMGU QH #WUVTKC 6JG UCOG CRRNKGF VQ $TGKUCEJ CPF 0GWGP DGTI CPF VJG EQKPU QH 5EJCHHJCWUGP CPF $TGKUCEJ DGECOG EQPPGEVGF CPF YGTG MPQYP CPF CU ŋ$TGKUICWGT 2HGPPKI 5EJCHHJCWUGT /ÒP\GŌ 5EJCHHJCWUGP YCU CP KORGTKCN VQYP UKPEG *GPT[ 8+ CPF NCVGT C HCKVJHWN UWRRQTVGT QH VJG *CDUDWTIGTU #U C EQPUGSWGPEG KV DGECOG KPXQNXGF KP VJG 5GORCEJGT YCT 5EJCHHJCWUGP TGVWTPGF VQ VJG GORKTG CICKP CPF YJGP VJG *CDUDWTIGTU VTKGF VQ TGICKP RQYGT KP VJG VQYP KV LQKPGF VJG 'KFIGPQUUGP VJG 5YKUU /QTG QHVGP VJCP PQV VJG EQKPU CTG ECVGIQTKUGF KP FKHHGTGPV YC[U 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ ENCUUGU VJGO WPFGT 5VCFV VQYP /W/ KP C ECVCNQIWG HTQO PQ CU /ÒP\UV·VVG FGU -NQUVGTU #NNGTJGKNKIGP OKPV QH VJG #NN 5CKPVU OQPCUVGT[ 0CW CU OKPV RNCEG 5EJCHHJCWUGP #NN 5CKPVU CDDG[

#DVGK #NNGTJGKNKIGP $TCMVGCV EC # 4CO T YKVJ ETQUU 9KGNCPFV IT

8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2HGPPKI DGHQTG # 4CO N CPF VQYGT T %CJP 9KGNCPFV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ (F 9KPVGTVJWT *CNFGPIWV 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ 9KGNCPFV ŋ Ō 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ UVCVGU ŋ&C CDGT FGT (WPF XQP 9KPVGTVJWT *CNFGTIWV PCEJYGKUNKEJ XQT KP FKG 'TFG MCO YKG 9KGNCPFV UGNDUV KP FGT #POGTMWPI \W UGKPGT PQ GTY·JPV OWUU FKG &CVKGTWPI FKGUGU 2HGP PKI GPVURTGEJGPF TGMVKHK\KGTV YGTFGPŋ JQYGXGT DGECWUG VJG 9KPVGTVJWT *CNFGTIWV JQCTF YCU DWTKGF RTQXCDN[ DGHQTG CU 9KGNCPFV JKOUGNH OGPVKQPU KP VJG EQOOGPV VQ JKU PQ VJG FCVKPI QH VJKU RHGPPKI OWUV DG TGEVKHKGF CEEQTFKPIN[ŋ CPF CTTKXGU CV .GW ECV CTTKXGU CV ōDGHQTG ŋ

5EJCHHJCWUGP #WUVTKCP OKPV

$TCMVGCV # 4CO N CPF VQYGT T 9KGNCPFV D IT

&CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ PQ -CV .GW ōCHVGT ŋ +P 5EJCHHJCWUGP KU OGPVKQPGF HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG CU #WUVTKCP OKPV KP VJG UQ ECNNGF OKPV VTGCV[ QH &WMG .GQRQNF YKVJ VJG 5YKUU VQYPU

354

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS -'/26'0

6JG QTKIKP YCU C 4QOCP UGVVNGOGPV QH CTQWPF VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG %JTKUVKCP GTC 'CTN[ KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ C OKUUKQP RQUV YCU GUVCDNKUJGF D[ 5V )CNNWU 0GCTD[ CP KORQTVCPV OQPCUVGT[ YCU FGXGNQRKPI

EQPUGETCVKQP KP +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG UGVVNGOGPV GZRCPFGF CPF QDVCKPGF OCTMGV CPF VQNN TKIJVU +P KV JCF HWNN[ ITQYP KPVQ C EKV[ CPF KP KV DGECOG C EKXGU +P VJG 9GNHU JGNF KV CU C NKGP IWCTFKCPU KP VJG 5VCWHGTU +P VJG QRRKFWO YCU VCMGP HTQO VJG LWTKUFKEVKQP QH VJG CDDQV CPF UWDQTFKPCVGF VQ VJG GCUV 5YCDKCP IQXGTPQT D[ 4WFQNH + 6JKU GPVCKNGF PQ FKUEQTF YKVJ VJG QTKIKPCN NQTF QH VJG EKV[ YJQ KP VJG NCVG /KFFNG #IGU RTQXKFGF VJG EQPFKVKQPU HQT VJG OQPCUVGT[ VQ CESWKTG VGTTKVQT[ YKVJ VJG OCTEC ECORKFQPGPUKU +P VJG RQYGT QH VJG IWKNFU KPETGCUGF -GORVGP YCU CP KORGTKCN VQYP 6JG -GORVGP EQKPU UJQY VJG DWUV QH 5V *KNFGICTF 5JG YCU %JCTNGOCIPGŉU VJKTF YKHG HTQO CP #NC OCPPKE FWECN F[PCUV[ YJQ RTQVGEVGF VJG $GPGFKEVKPG OQPCUVGT[ VJCV YCU GTGEVGF QXGT VJG +NNGT KP VJG HKTUV SWCTVGT QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ TKEJN[ RTQXKFGF KV YKVJ IQQFU CPF EQPUGSWGPVN[ YCU YQTUJKRRGF CU KVU HQWPFTGUU +P VJG EQWTUG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJKU DWUV YCU KPEQTRQTCVGF KP VJG VQYPŉU CPF OQPCUVGT[ŉU UGCNU *GTG CICKP EQKPU UJQY JGTCNFKEU VJCV YGTG PQV VQ DG HQWPF QP UGCNU WPVKN OWEJ NCVGT

.#0&(4+'&

&ÒPPRHGPPKI # #DDQV N YKVJ ETQUKGT $GTIGT 4CFQNH\GNN %CJP C %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 9GNN UVTWEM RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI )GDJCTV D %CJP C CU YGNN CU 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ CVVTKDWVG VJKU QPG VQ 4GKEJGPCW 4CFQNHU\GNN 6JKU &ÒPPRHGPPKI KU TGRTG UGPVGF KP OCP[ .CMG %QPUVCPEG JQCTFU +P VJG JQCTF QH .GWDCU *QTEJNGT #NNI·WGT )GUEJKEJVUHTGWPF PGCT -GORVGP URGEKOGPU YGTG HQWPF YJKEJ ECWUGF )GDJCTV VQ CVVTKDWVG VJKU EQKP VQ -GORVGP 0Q HWTVJGT TGCUQPU YGTG QHHGTGF 1VJGT CWVJQTU 6TCEJUGN 4QNNGT RTQRQUGF 5V )CNNGP ŋ5V )CNNWU MCPP UQ FCIGUVGNNV UGKPŌ 5V )CNNWU OC[ JCXG DGGP FGRKEVGF VJWU 4GKEJGPCW JQYGXGT KU CV NGCUV CU RNCWUKDNG VJQWIJ PQV RTQXGP

$'46*1.& ++ VQ 9'40'4

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV QH 5V *KNFGICTFKU YKVJ NKU CPF ETQUU *+.6+%#4 4')+0# $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

5-# <ÒTKEJ

47&1.( ++ CPF *'+04+%* +++

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV QH 5V *KNFGICTFKU YKVJ NKU CPF ETQUU ő Z Z ő $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ )GDJCTV /$0) E (F 'NEJGPTGWVG C

8QIV (4+'&4+%* ++

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF HKIWTG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP ETQUU CPF UVCT 24+0%'25 %#/2+&10* $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGP UVCWHGP\GKV IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

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

355

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS #.6&14( #$6'+ 9'+0)#46'0 6JG QTKIKP QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 9GKPICTVGP KU QDUEWTG .GIGPF JCU KV VJCV C EGTVCKP *GPT[ HCVJGT QH DKUJQR %QPTCF QH %QPUVCPEG HQWPFGF C OQPCUVGT[ KP #NV FQTH KP +V KU KP HCEV OQTG NKMGN[ VQ JCXG DGGP VJG YQTM QH 4WFQNH CPF JKU UQPU 9GNH ++ CPF *GPT[ #TQWPF 9GKPICTVGP ECOG WPFGT VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ *KTUCW +P 9GNH ++ FQPCVGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ VQ VJG CRQUVQNKE UGG DWV TGVCKPGF IWCTFKCPUJKR 9GNHÅ&#x2030;U YKHG ,WFKVJ VTCPUHGTTGF VJG *QN[ $NQQF TGNKE CPF VJG TGNKEU QH 5V 1UYCNF VQ 9GKPICTVGP 6JKU UCKPV YCU YQTUJKRRGF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CPF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ DGECOG RCVTQP UCKPV QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 6JG EQPPGEVKQP YKVJ VJG 9GNHU EQPVKPWGF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ CPF GZRGTKGPEGF KVU CRQIGG YJGP &WMG *GPT[ +: VJG $NCEM GPVGTGF VJG OQPCUVGT[ #HVGT VJG NCVVGTÅ&#x2030;U FGOKUG KP CPF JKU DWTKCN KP VJG OQP CUVGT[ KV VQQ YCU CHHGEVGF D[ VJG FKXKUKQP COQPI VJG 9GNHU +P VJG NCVG VJ EGPVWT[ CPF VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ C VTCPUHGT VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU VQQM RNCEG WPFGT VJG CDDQVU /GKPIQ\ CPF $GTVQN 0GXGTVJGNGUU VJG 9GNHU OCKPVCKPGF C URGEKCN RQUKVKQP CPF GXGP VJG 5VCWHGTU TGURGEVGF VJG 9GNHUÅ&#x2030; VTCFKVKQPU 9JGP KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ (TGFGTKEM +++ YCPVGF VQ KPEQTRQTCVG 9GKPICTVGP KPVQ VJG *CDUDWTI VGTTKVQTKGU VJG OQPCUVGT[ QHHGTGF TGUKUVCPEG CPF UWEEGGFGF KP FQKPI UQ VKNN VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ *7)1 XQP /106(146

$TCMVGCV EC # #DDQV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF TGNKSWKCT QP VJG GFIG CPF $GTIGT %CJP XCT 4GKEJGPCW %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT 0KEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP 4CPF $ 5NI 9Ã&#x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

356

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 7./

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ÒTVVGO DGTI YJQ YGTG JQYGXGT KPECRCDNG QH OCKPVCKPKPI VJGOUGNXGU )TCFWCNN[ VJG EKVK\GPU CPF VJG IWKNFU ICKPGF RQYGT +P VJG MNGKPGP 5EJYÌTDTKGH QH C VGORQTCT[ CITGGOGPV CKOGF CV CRRGCUKPI VJG TGDGNNKQWU IWKNFU VJG IWKNFU QDVCKPGF C OCLQTKV[ KP VJG EQWPEKN CPF EKVK\GPU CPF IWKNFU VQQM QXGT VJG VCUMU QH VJG COOCPP 7NO YCU C NCTIG TQ[CN OKPV VJG ō%QPUVCPVKGPUKUŋ 6JG HKTUV EQKPU YGTG QH %QPTCF ++ CPF HTQO VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG 7NO EQKPU YGTG EKTEWNCVGF GZVGPUKXGN[ /QUV EQKPU D[ HCT YGTG HTQO VJG 5VCWHGT GTC CPF VJG MKPI GORGTQT YCU RTCEVKECNN[ CNYC[U FGRKEVGF CNQPG YKVJQWV NGIGPF

#010;/175

&GPCT PF JCNH VJ EGPVWT[ # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 'FKHKEG IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

6JG HKTUV EQKP QH 7NO EH (F 8 %QTEGNNGU RT¾U 2[GTPG 5EJYGK\GTKUEJG 0WOKUOCVKUEJG 4WPFUEJCW :.8+++ PQ HH -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ C (F X 4GOOKPIUJGTKP -TGKU 6ÒDKPIGP $N H /ÒP\HT WPF /\H

*'+04+%* 8+

$TCMVGCV EC # %TQYPGF MKPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD *'+04+% %'5#4 $GTIGT EH %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH EH IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ (TQO HKPF 'NEJGPTGWVG D 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

2*+.+22 XQP 5%*9#$'0

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF MKPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD $GTIGT %CJP %% IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 9ÒVJTKEJ CPF %CJP JGUKVCVG DGVYGGP 2JKNKRR QH 5YCDKC CPF 1VVQ +8 (TQO VJG JQCTF QH 'NEJGPTGWVG!

357

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS

(4+'&4+%* ++

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV DGVYGGP DTCPEJ CPF VQYGT $GTIGT %CJP .KPFCW %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GUU .W\GTP +V KU C ō$NÒVGP\YGKIŋ PQV C ō.KPFGP\YGKIŋ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ (F 'NEJGPTGWVG $NÒVGP\YGKI HNQYGTKPI VYKI CPF VQYGT U[ODQNKUG VJG MKPIŉU RQYGT QXGT VQYP CPF EQWPVT[UKFG

$TCMVGCV EC # %TQYPGF DWUV QH VJG 'ORGTQT YKVJ YKPIU QP VJG GFIG CPF $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI *QJGPUVCWHGP\GKV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ ŋ&KGUG /ÒP\G IGJÌTV \W FGP MÒJPUVGP WPF RJCPVCUVKUEJGP $KNFUEJÌRHWPIGP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU ÒDGTJCWRV &KG KO GUEJCVQNQIKUEJ URGMWNCVKXGP +FGGPIWV FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU DGJGKOCVGVG 8QTUVGNNWPI XQO IGHNÒIGNVGP -CKUGT JCV PWT ·WGTUV UGNVGP KJTGP 9GI CWU FGT RJKNQUQRJKUEJ IGFCPMNKEJGP 5RJ·TG KP FKG MQPMTGVG $KNFGTYGNV IGHWPFGP 0WT KO D[\CPVKPKUEJGP -WPUVMTGKU WPF UGKPGP #WUUVTCJNWPIUDGTGKEJGP XQO $CNMCP ÒDGT ¤UVGTTGKEJ 4GIGPUDWTI DKU PCEJ 1DGTUEJYCDGP CNUQ UGJT FGWVNKEJ FKG &QPCW CWHY·TVU XGTHQNIGPF JCDGP UKEJ FKGUG 'PIGN -CKUGT FKG IGHNÒIGNVGP .ÌYGP WPF )TGKHGP CWH FGP /ÒP\GP PCEJ 9GUVGP CWUIGDTGKVGV 9KT MGPPGP GKPG )TWRRG D[\CPVKPKUEJGT -WRHGTOÒP \GP CWU FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 5CNQPKMK FKG FKG 2CNCKQNQIGP -CKUGT ,QJCPPGU X 5CNQPKMK DKU \W #PFTQPKMQU +++

KP ICP\GT (KIWT WPF XQNNGO 1TPCV OKV ITQUUGP (NÒIGNP FCTUVGNNGP 6 $GTVGN½ .ÃORGTCVQTG CNCVQ PGNNC PWOKUOCVKEC DK\CPVKPC %QNNCPC FK 5VWFK 0WOKUOCVKEK $F + 4QO 'U KUV FKGU PKEJV PWT GKPG #PURKGNWPI CWH FKG 8GTYCPFVUEJCHV FGT 2CNCKQNQIGP OKV FGT XQTJGTIGJGPFGP &[PCUVKG FGT #PIGNQK QFGT CWH KJTG 0COGP /KEJCGN WPF ,QJCPPGU CWEJ FGT 6·WHGT YWTFG KP FGT D[\CPVKPKUEJGP -WPUV CNU FGT 8QTN·WHGT FGU *GTTP QHV OKV (NÒIGNP FCTIGUVGNNV CWEJ PKEJV PWT FKG ªDGTVTCIWPI XQP &KEJVGTRQGUKGP FKG FKG -CKUGT CNU 'T\GPIGN HGKGTVGP $GTVGN½ NQE EKV R KP DKNFJCHVG (QTO UQPFGTP FKG ICP\ MQPMTGV KO D[\CPVKPKUEJGP 5VCCVUTGEJV XGTCPMGTVG 5QPFGTUVGNNWPI FGU -CKUGTU CNU 5GPFDQVG WPF 5VGNNXGTVTGVGT %JTKUVK CWH 'TFGP * -CPVQTQYKV\ 6JG Ō-KPI U #FXGPVŋ 6JG #TV $WNNGVKP R HH )GTCFG KP FGT <GKV (TKGFTKEJU ++ FGT UKEJ YKG MGKP CPFGTGT FGWVUEJGT -CKUGT PCEJ FGO 8QTDKNF XQP $[\CP\ OKV CNNGO ÒDGTOGPUEJNKEJGP )NCP\ GKPGU JÌJGTGP 9GUGPU WOICD WPF XQP UGKPGT 7OYGNV FKUVCP\KGTVG FGT OGKUV HGTP KO 5ÒFGP TGUKFKGTVG WPF FGUJCND UEJQP \W .GD\GKVGP \W GKPGT NGIGPF·TGP UCIGPWOYQDGPGP )GUVCNV YWTFG IGYCPPGP FKGUG YWPFGTVT·EJVKIGP 8QTUVGNNWPIGP CWEJ KO FGWVUEJGP -CKUGTO[VJQU 'KPICPI #WEJ FGT FGWVUEJG -CKUGT ICNV UGKV FGP 6CIGP FGT -CTQNKPIGT CNU V[RWU GV XKECTKWU %JTKUVK JCVVG CDGT PKG FKG CDUQNWVKUVKUEJG WPF ÒDGTKTFKUEJG YGNVGP VTÒEMVG (GTPG FGT QUVTÌOKUEJGP *GTTUEJGT 5Q UKPF CWEJ WPUGTG QDGTUEJY·DKUEJGP $TCMVGCVGP PGDUV GKPKIGP \GKV WPF VJGOGPINGKEJGP 5VÒEMGP CWU &QPCWYÌTVJ 4GIGPUDWTI 9KGP WPF $ÌJOGP PWT MWT\G 'RKUQFGP IGDNKGDGP JGTCNFKUEJ FGMQTCVKXG )GNGIGPJGKVUURKGNGTGKGP QJPG VKGHGTGP 'TPUV HTQO (F 'NEJGPTGWVG Ō 6TCPUNCVKQP 6JKU EQKP DGNQPIU COQPI VJG OQUV FCUJKPI CPF HCPVCUVKE OCUVGTRKGEGU QH GZRTGUUKXG CTV QH VJG YJQNG QH VJG /KFFNG #IGU 6JG FGRKEVKQP QH VJG YKPIGF GORGTQT YJKEJ DGNQPIU YKVJKP VJG GUEJCVQNQIKECN URGEWNCVKXG DQF[ QH VJQWIJV QH VJG /KFFNG #IGU TCTGN[ JCU HQWPF C YC[ QWV QH VJG TGCNOU QH RJKNQUQRJ[ CPF VJQWIJV CPF KPVQ VJG EQP ETGVG YQTNF QH KOCIGU 1PN[ KP VJG $[\CPVKPG CTV EKTENG CPF KVU URJGTG QH KPHNWGPEG HTQO VJG $CNMCPU CETQUU #WUVTKC CPF 4GIGPUDWTI VQ 7RRGT 5YCDKC ņ VJWU XGT[ FKUVKPEVN[ HQNNQYKPI VJG &CPWDG WRUVTGCOņ FKF VJGUG CPIGN GORGTQTU VJGUG YKPIGF NKQPU CPF ITKHHKPU VTCXGN VQ VJG YGUV 9G MPQY C ITQWR QH $[\CPVKPG EQRRGT EQKPU HTQO VJG OKPV 5CNQ PKMC YJKEJ FGRKEV VJG 2CNCGQNQIWU 'ORGTQTU HTQO ,QJP QH 5CNQPKMC WR VQ CPF KPENWFKPI #PFTQPKEWU +++

YJQNG DQFKGF CPF KP HWNN TGICNKC YKVJ C RCKT QH NCTIG YKPIU 6 $GTVGN½ .ÃORGTCVQTG CNCVQ PGNNC PWOKU OCVKEC DK\CPVKPC %QNNCPC FK 5VWFK 0WOKUOCVKEK $F + 4QO 6JKU KU PQV LWUV CP CNNWUKQP VQ VJG TGNCVKQPUJKR QH VJG 2CNCGQNQIWU HCOKN[ VQ VJG RTGXKQWU F[PCUV[ QH VJG #PIGNQK QT VQ VJGKT PCOGU /KEJCGN CPF ,QJP ņ KP $[\CPVKPG CTV VJG DCRVKUV VQQ CU VJG .QTFŉU RTGEWTUQT YCU QHVGP FGRKEVGF YGCTKPI YKPIU PQT LWUV VJG TGHNGEVKQP QH RQGVT[ VJCV EGNGDTCVGF VJG GORGTQT CU CP CTEJJCPIGN $GTVGN½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ÌTVJ 4GIGPUDWTI 8KGPPC CPF $QJGOKC YKVJ EQORCTCDNG VJGOGU KP HCEV NCUVGF HQT UJQTV GRKUQFGU JGTCNFKECNN[ FGEQTCVKXG RNGCUCPVTKGU NCEMKPI CP[ FGGRGT ITCXKV[ HTQO (F 'NEJGPTGWVG

-104#&+0

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ NKU UEGRVTGU $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT /CIPKHKEGPV VQPG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

358

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS 4#8'05$74) 5KVWCVGF KP C NCPFUECRG FQOKPCVGF D[ VJG 9GNHKUJ ECUVNG 8GKVUDWTI 4CXGPUDWTI IQGU DCEM VQ #HVGT VJG GPF QH VJG 5VCWHGT GTC EQKPCIG YCU CDQNKUJGF KP OQUV VQYPU QPN[ 4CXGPUDWTI TGOCKPGF C TQ[CN OKPV +P VJG HKTUV ITGCV GZRCPUKQP VQQM RNCEG VQ DG HQNNQYGF D[ C UGEQPF DGVYGGP CPF +P 4WFQNH XQP *CDUDWTI ITCPVGF 4CXGPUDWTI VJG ÂªDGTNKPIGP TKIJV CPF KP KV TGEGKXGF 7NOGT TKIJV HTQO #FQNH XQP 0CUUCW +P VJG IWKNFU GPVGTGF VJG EQWPEKN VJG QHHKEG QH COOCPP VQYP RTGUKFGPV YCU VQ NCUV VKNN 4CXGPUDWTI YCU QPG QH VJG OQUV KORQTVCPV VTCFG RNCEGU QH 7RRGT 5YCDKC VJG 4CXGPUDWTI *CPFGNUIG UGNNUEJCHV DGKPI VJG NCTIGUV VTCFG CUUQEKCVKQP KP 7RRGT 5YCDKC HTQO VKNN YKVJ KVU QYP EQKP

HTQO CTQWPF CPF KV CUUQEKCVGF YKVJ C PWODGT QH QVJGT OKPV RNCEGU KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ %NGTKECNN[ 4CXGPUDWTI DGNQPIGF VQ VJG FKQEGUG %QPUVCPEG 6JG .KGDHTCWGPMKTEJG 1WT .CF[Å&#x2030;U EJWTEJ ECOG WPFGT VJG OQPCUVGT[ 9GKPICTVGP +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG EQWPEKN VQQM QXGT VJG EJWTEJÅ&#x2030;U RTQRGTV[ OCPCIGOGPV 4CXGPUDWTI YCU C TQ[CN OKPV

$TCMVGCV # 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG $GTIGT %% IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG $GTIGT %% IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ 5NI $QPJQHH EH (F 'NEJGPTGWVG C 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ

$TCMVGCV # 'FKHKEG YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF UVCT KP ICVG $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ .CP\ 4CXGPDWTI (F 'NEJGPTGWVG C &$$ 6JCPMKPI VJG UVCT VJKU EQKP ECP DG FCVGF GZCEVN[ VQ 6JG KOCIG OCVEJGU VJG UGCN QH VJG EKV[ NQTF 1UYCNF )GTUVGT YJQ CU C TQ[CN QHHKEKCN UWRGTXKUGF VJG OKPV .CPEG FGOQPUVTCVGF VJKU CPF RTGUWOGF C EQP PGEVKQP QH VJKU DTCEVGCVG YKVJ VJG GNGXCVKQP QH 4CXGPUDWTI VQ KORGTKCN EKV[ KP

$TCMVGCV EC # 'FKHKEG %CUVNG YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU $GTIGT %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT +TTGIWNCT RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ (F 0KGFGTTKGFGP 0QU CPF CTG HTQO QPG JQCTF 6JKU EQKP WUGF VQ DG CUETKDGF VQ $WTIFQTH .CP\ R DWV 5VGKPJKNDGT FGOQPUVTCVGF VJCV 4CXGPUDWTI KU VJG OKPV KH VJG VYQ GNGXCVKQPU QP VJG UKFG YCNNU CTG UGGP CU VQYGTU CPF PQV CU DCVVNGOGPVU 4CXGPUDWTI KU CUEGTVCKPGF

$TCMVGCV EC # 'FKHKEG %CUVNG YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ CPPWNGVU $GTIGT %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

359

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS Âª$'4.+0)'0

+P VJG #NCOCPPKE RGTKQF KV YCU VJG TGUKFGPEG QH &WZ )WP\Q .CVGT KV DGECOG RCTV QH VJG %CTQNKPIKCP GORKTG $[ YC[ QH VJG EQWPVU QH 7FCNTKEJPKI CPF VJQUG QH $TGIGP\ KV DGECOG VJG RTQRGTV[ QH %QWPV 4WFQNH XQP 2HWNNGPFQTH +P (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC QTFGTGF VJG GZRCPUKQP QH VJG VQYP WPFGT VJG UWRGTXKUKQP QH VJG FWMGU QH 5YCDKC ÂªDGTNKPIGP RTQXKFGF C XCPIWCTF RQUKVKQP VQ 1VVQ +8 KP JKU GHHQTVU VQ RTGXGPV VJG TGVWTP QH (TG FGTKEM ++ VQ VJG GORKTG KP +P ÂªDGTNKPIGP DGECOG CP KORGTKCN EKV[ CPF PGZV VQ VJG COOCPP C EQWPEKN YCU GUVCDNKUJGF (TQO VJG IWKNFU VQQ YGTG TGRTGUGPVGF 6JG VQYP NCYU QH ÂªDGTNKPIGP YGTG CP GZCORNG VQ OCP[ 6JTQWIJ VJG GEQPQOKE DQQO HTQO YKPG ITQYKPI CPF VTCFG KV YCU QPG QH VJG OQUV RTQURGTQWU VQYPU QH 7RRGT 5YCDKC #TQWPF VJG VQYP ITCFWCNN[ VQQM QXGT VJG QHHKEGU QH VJG COOCPP

$TCMVGCV CHVGT # )TKHHQP N $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH

4CFQNH\GNN IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI 6JG ITKHHKP KU CP CPKOCN QH HCPVCU[ VJCV ECPPQV YKVJ EGTVCKPV[ DG CUETKDGF VQ CP[ RCTVKEWNCT OQPG[GT 6JKU EQKP JQYGXGT KU V[RKECN HQT %QPUVCPEG CPF EQPUGSWGPVN[ DGNQPIU VQ VJG 5QWVJ 5YCDKCP TGIKQP (F 'NEJGPTGWVG 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ 5NI $QPJQHH &$$ $QPJQHH CVVTKDWVGF KV VQ 4CFQNHU\GNN 9Ã&#x2019;VVTKEJ CPF 'NEJGPTGWVG RTQRQUGF ÂªDGTNKPIGP 0CW KP 'NEJGPTGWVG WPFGT TGUGTXCVKQP CVVTKDWVGF KV VQ ÂªDGTNKPIGP QP UV[NKUVKE ITQWPFU 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP QH VJKU EQKP KU XGT[ FKHHKEWNV VQ CUEGTVCKP 6JG ITKHHKP FQGU PQV DGNQPI VQ VJG CTOU QH CP[ VQYP QT PQDNG HCOKN[ QH 7RRGT 5YCDKC .KMG QVJGT RKEVWTGU QH VJKU RGTKQF YKVJ HCPVCU[ VJGOGU EQOR %CJP %QPUVCPEG PQU VJKU KOCIG KU CP CTDKVTCT[ KOKVCVKQP CPF JCTF VQ NQECNKUG 6JG KOCIG ENGCTN[ UJQYU C TGNC VKQPUJKR YKVJ PQU CPF (F 'NEJGPTGWVG CPF KU VJGTGHQTG ENCUUGF YKVJ ÂªDGTNKPIGP WPFGT TGUGTXCVKQP 6JG EQKP QEEWTU TGNCVKXGN[ QHVGP CPF OWUV UVGO HTQO QPG QH VJG NCTIGT OKPV YQTMUJQRU (F 'NEJGPTGWVG

$TCMVGCV CHVGT # %TQYPGF NKQP T $GTIGT %CJP XCT %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT &QWDNG UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC $GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP .GDGM 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ 5NI $QPJQHH 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ CPF $QPJQHH CTG DQVJ %% 1HVGP ECNNGF GYKIGT 2HGPPKI GVGTPCN RHGPPKI

/'//+0)'0 +P /GOOKPIGP YCU RCTV QH VJG 9GNHU VGTTKVQT[ 9GNH 8+ +P KV FGXQNXGF VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU +V YCU ITCPVGF TKIJV QH OKPV KP CPF VJG HKTUV COOCPP CRRGCTGF KP +V YCU KPEQTRQTCVGF KPVQ VJG GORKTG KP VJG [GCT VJG MKPI EQPHKTOGF EKV[ RTKXKNGIGU )TCFWCNN[ OQTG TQ[CN RTKXKNGIGU YGTG ITCPVGF +P C IWKNF EQWPEKN YCU GUVCDNKUJGF DWTIQOCUVGT CPF VYGNXG IWKNFU /GOOKPIGP GPVGTGF KPVQ UGXGTCN CITGGOGPVU YKVJ QVJGT VQYPU VJGTGD[ GORJCUKUKPI KVU HTQPVCN RQUKVKQP COQPI VJG 5YCDKCP KORGTKCN VQYPU

$TCMVGCV # .KQP T $GTIGT %CJP %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN .GDGM (F 0KGFGTTKGFGP C 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ JGTG KV YCU UVKNN ENCUUKHKGF WPFGT ÂªDGTNKPIGP DWV C EQOOGPVCT[ CNTGCF[ RQKPVGF QWV VJCV 5VGKPJKNDGT EQPUKFGTGF /GOOKPIGP HQT C OKPV RNCEG *G DCUGF VJCV QP VJG HCEV VJCV VJG 0KGFGTTKGFGP JQCTF EQPVCKPGF CTQWPF URGEKOGPU 6JKU FQGU JQYGXGT PQV UWHHKEG DGECWUG VJKU EQKP YCU HQWPF KP VJG YKFG UWTTQWPFU QH .CMG %QPUVCPEG CU YGNN (F 0KGFGTTKGFGP R 0QU CPF CTG HTQO QPG JQCTF

360

MONETA CONSTANTIENSIS *'.('056'+0

6JG EQWPVU QH *GNHGPUVGKP YGTG QH CP QNF 5QWVJ )GTOCP PQDNG F[PCUV[ FCVKPI DCEM VQ VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG PCOG FGTKXGF HTQO VJG ECUVNG *GNHGPUVGKP 6JGKT KORQTVCPEG YCU ITGCVGUV KP VJG NCVG /KFFNG #IGU 6JG[ MGRV HQT KPUVCPEG ENQUG TGNCVKQPU VQ %JCTNGU +8 1P C RQTVTCKV QH VJG VQYP EQWPEKN %QWPV (TGFGTKEM +++ XQP *GNHGPUVGKP UKVU KP VJG HTQPV PGZV VQ %QWPV 'DGTJCTF +++ XQP 9Ã&#x2019;TVVGODGTI #TQWPF ITGCV HKPCPEKCN RTQDNGOU CTQUG CPF VJG *GNHGPUVGKP RQUUGUUKQPU JCF VQ DG UQNF QWV 5QOG RCTVU YGPV VQ 7NO QVJGTU VQ 9Ã&#x2019;TVVGODGTI # DTCPEJ QH VJG *GNHGPUVGKPGTU NKXGF KP 5KIOCTKPIGP KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 5+)/#4+0)'0

#V HQWT MKNQOGVGTU HTQO VJG QNF #NCOCPPKE UGVVNGOGPV C ECUVGNNWO YCU GTGEVGF YJKEJ 4WFQNH QH 4JGKP HGNFGP XCKPN[ NCKF UKGIG VQ KP #RRCTGPVN[ /CPIQNF CPF .WFYKI QH 5KIOCTKPIGP YGTG TGNCVGF VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 2HWNNGPFQTH +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 5KIOCTKPIGP PCOGF KVUGNH CHVGT 5RKV\GPDGTI CPF *GNHGP UVGKP +P VJ EGPVWT[ VJG VQYP QH 5KIOCTKPIGP ECOG KPVQ DGKPI +P 4WFQNH XQP *CDUDWTI CESWKTGF ECUVNG CPF VQYP 6JG[ YGTG RTQDCDN[ RNGFIGF VQ 9Ã&#x2019;TVVGODGTI KP YJKEJ ICXG VJGO CU NKGPU VQ %QWPV 'DGTJCTF QH 9GTFGPDWTI 9JGP VJG 9GTFGPDWTIGTU DGECOG GZVKPEV KP 5KIOCTKPIGP YGPV VQ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU

)166(4+'& XQP *'.('056'+0 5+)/#4+0)'0

$TCMVGCV # &GGT N $GTIGT %CJP %% 0CW IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

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Ã&#x2019;P\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP *GNHGPUVGKP KP $GKVTÂ·IG \WT 5Ã&#x2019;FFGWV UEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\IGUEJKEJVG 5VWVVICTV R GV UGSS

/#4-&14(

6JG VQYP YCU HQWPFGF KP VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ D[ VJG PQDNGOGP QH /CTMFQTH 6JG[ UGV WR C OKPV JQWUG VJGTG +VU QWVRWV JQYGXGT YCU VQ TGOCKP XGT[ NKOKVGF

*'44'0 810 /#4-&14(

$TCMVGCV # 4QUGVVG YKVJ UKZ URQMGU RGNNGV CDQXG $GTIGT %CJP %% IT 4 (NCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN &$$ 6JKU KU VJG QPN[ V[RG GXGT UVTWEM KP /CTMFQTH 0QU CPF CTG HTQO QPG JQCTF

41669'+.

+P 4QOCP VKOGU C PWODGT QH ECUVNGU YGTG DWKNV JGTG CPF RTQDCDN[ CTQWPF VJG [GCT C UGVVNGOGPV CU YGNN # TQ[CN RCNCVKPCVG YCU NCKF QWV CTQWPF QPG QH VJGUG ECUVNGU CPF C EJWTEJ YCU DWKNV #TQWPF 4QVW XKNNC YCU OQXGF VQ C UKVG QPG MKNQOGVTG HWTVJGT CPF DGECOG 4QVVYGKN #TQWPF VJG EKVK\GPU VQQM QXGT VJG CFOKPKUVTCVKQP HTQO VJG TQ[CN CRRQKPVGF EKV[ NQTFU EKXGU UKIKNNWO EQPUWNGU 4QVVYGKN YCU C TQ[CN OKPV

$TCMVGCV # 'CING T YKVJ FGEQTCVGF YKPIU EQCTUG RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG %% 5NI $QPJQHH IT (NCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ XCT 0QPG QH VJG RKEVWTGU KP %% OCVEJGU VJKU EQKP GZCEVN[ 0QV LWUV VJG FQVU QP VJG GFIG JCXG DGGP TGPFGTGF EQWTUGN[ VJG UCOG CRRNKGU VQ VJG GCING

361

ESSLINGEN

$TCMVGCV # 'CING T HKPG RGNNGVU QP VJG GFIG %% IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT #TEJ H $TCMV 6H (F X )TÒPGPDCEJ 6JG GCING JCU DGGP TGPFGTGF KP C HCT OQTG FGNKECVG OCPPGT +V KU VJG QPN[ V[RG EWV KP VJKU YC[ CPF KV KU VJG NCUV KP VJG UGTKGU

9'56 59#$+# 9GUV QH VJG NCTIG VGTTKVQTKGU /QPGVC #WIWUVGPUKU CPF /QPGVC %QPUVCPVKGPUKU NC[ UQOG OKPQT EQWPVKGU KP VJG FWEJ[ 5YCDKC 6JG[ YGTG UWTTQWPFGF D[ VJG /QPGVC %QPUVCPVKGPUKU CPF VJG VGTTKVQT[ QH VJG <·JTKP IGP FWMGU $TGKUICW 6YQ QH VJGO JCXG ITGCV UKIPKHKECPEG HTQO C PWOKUOCVKE RQKPV QH XKGY 5EJY·DKUEJ *CNN VJG KPVTQFWEVKQP QH VJG JGNNGT CPF VJG EQWPV[ 9ÒTVVGODGTI YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT DG C FWEJ[ '55.+0)'0 'UUNKPIGP YCU CP KORQTVCPV EKV[ CNQPI VJG VTCFG TQWVGU VQ $CXCTKC (WNTGF CESWKTGF KV HTQO C PQDNGOCP PCOGF *CHVK +P VJG HQTOGT DGSWGCVJGF JKU GUVCVG VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ 5V &GPKU PGCT 2CTKU +P KV YCU HKTUV FQEWOGPVGF CU *GVUNKPIC KP RCIQ 0GEJTCICYG 'UUNKPIGP TGEGKXGF VJG TKIJV QH OCTMGV HTQO VJG 1VVQPKCPU +P KV YCU C 5YCDKCP FWECN RQUUGUUKQP +P KV YCU QYPGF D[ (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC YJQ VWTPGF KV KPVQ C OCKP 5VCWHGT HQQVJQNF +P KV YCU GNGXCVGF VQ EKV[ QH VJG GORKTG D[ -KPI #NDGTV 'UUNKPIGP YCU VJG HQWPFKPI CPF NGCFKPI OGODGT QH VJG 5YCDKCP HGFGTCVKQP QH EKVKGU +V ETGCVGF C DQF[ VJCV QRRQUGF VJG EQWPVU QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI KP RCTVKEWNCT +P C VTGCV[ YCU HKPCNN[ UKIPGF YKVJ 9ÒTV VGODGTI +P 9ÒTVVGODGTI LQKPGF VJG 5YCDKCP HGFGTCVKQP QH EKVKGU

*'+04+%* ++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV T *'+04+%85 4 *CPF QXGT ETQUU 5ő 6 ņ 6ő &CPPGPDGTI -NGKP 4CHH IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -Ì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ŋ;QW CTG C RJ[UKEKCP CPF JCXG UCXGF OCP[ C OCPŉU NKHG PQY FGNKXGT [QWTUGNHŌ 5VTGPIVJGPGF D[ VJGUG YQTFU VJG EQPFGOPGF FKGF C OCTV[TŉU FGCVJ 8KVCNKU VJGP EQWNF PQV TGVWTP VQ 2CWNKPWU CU JG JCF TGXGCNGF JKOUGNH C %JTKUVKCP 2CWNKPWU VJGTGWRQP QTFGTGF QPG QH JKU UGTXCPVU VQ FKI C JQNG WPVKN JG ECOG WRQP YCVGT KP YJKEJ JG YCU VQ VJTQY 8KVCNKU YJQ VJWU YQWNF DG DWTKGF CNKXG 6JKU VQQM RNCEG KP VJG FC[U QH 0GTQ 8KVCNKUŉ YKHG UGV QWV HQT /KNCP YJGTG UJG YCU UGTXGF VJG MKPF QH HQQF PQTOCNN[ QHHGTGF VQ VJG )QFU 5JG TGHWUGF DGKPI C %JTKUVKCP 6JGTGWRQP UJG YCU DGCVGP WPVKN UJG YCU JCNH FGCF 5JG YCU VJGP VCMGP VQ /KNCP YJGTG UJG FKGF VJTGG FC[U NCVGT

362

TÜBINGEN-SCHWÄBISCH HALL

6ª$+0)'0 6JG EQWPVU QH 6ÒDKPIGP CTG HKTUV FQEWOGPVGF D[ VJG DTQVJGTU #PUGNO EQWPV KP 0CIQNFICW CPF *WIQ

EQWPV QH -T·JGPGEM $GHQTG VJG ECUVNG *QJGPVÒDKPIGP YCU VJG HCOKN[ UGCV +P VJG UV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YG GPEQWPVGT CPQVJGT *WIQ UQP QH *WIQ YJQ KP VWTP YCU C UQP QH VJG EQWPV #PUGNO CPF VJG EQWPVGUU QH #TPUVGKP YJQO VJG 5VCWHGTU KP GNGXCVGF VQ OCTITCXG KP VJG FWEJ[ 5YCDKC Ŏ CRRTQZ 6JKU *WIQ YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQPU (TGFGTKEM Ŏ CPF *WIQ

Ŏ 6JG NCVVGT DGECOG VJG RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG EQWPVU QH /QPVHQTV VJTQWIJ JKU OCTTKCIG VQ VJG JGKTGUU QH VJG EQWPV QH $TGIGP\ # UJGGT GPFNGUU UGTKGU QH FKXKUKQPU GPUWGF VJG TGUWNV GXGPVWCNN[ DGKPI VJCV C OCLQT RCTV YGPV VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI

*7)1 +

2HGPPKI # 6JTGG VQYGTU QXGT USWCTG YKVJ UKZ RGNNGVU HKUJ CPF % 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG 8 KP GCEJ CPING 0CW 5NI $QPJQHH IT &CTM RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ 6JG RCTCNNGNQITCO ENGCTN[ UJQYU C HKUJ VJG HKUJ VJCV YG YKNN CNUQ GPEQWPVGT KP VJG CTOU QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI YG CNUQ UCY HKUJ YKVJ 4GKEJGPCW PQU CPF 9JGVJGT VJG % FGRKEVU C JWPVKPI JQTP KU JCTF VQ VGNN YG HKPF VJG JWPVKPI JQTP YKVJ PQ QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI

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ŉU NCY DCF OQPG[ FTKXGU IQQF OQPG[ QWV QH EKTEWNCVKQP VJG JGNNGTU KP VJG EQWTUG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ FTQXG CNN QVJGT EWTTGPEKGU QWV 'XGP VJG %QNQIPG 2HGPPKI YCU MPQEMGF QHH KVU NGCFKPI RQUKVKQP )GPGTCNN[ C ŋ2HWPF *GNNGTŌ YCU TGHGTTGF VQ *CNN NC[ KP (TCPMKUJ NCPF DWV (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC EQPUKFGTGF KV 5YCDKC CPF KV RCTCFQZCNN[ ICKPGF VJG PCOG ŋ5EJY·DKUEJ *CNNŌ 6JG HKTUV JGNNGTU JCF VJG KPUETKRVKQP (4+5# (TKGFTKEJ VJGP *'+04+%85 HQNNQYGF D[ /10'6# CPF HKPCNN[ *#..# 6JG KPVTQFWEVKQP QH VJG JGNNGT KP RTCEVKEG OGCPV VJG KPVTQFWEVKQP QH C UQTV QH ŋKORGTKCN EQKPŌ VJCV YCU NGICN VGPFGT GXGT[YJGTG CPF PQV NKOKVGF VQ UOCNNGT CTGCU QH EKTEWNCVKQP +VU ETGCVKQP UJQWNF DG CUETKDGF VQ VJG OKPKUVGTKCNKV[ 'XGT[YJGTG YJGTG VJG KORGTKCN OKPKUVGTKCNGU YGTG VJG JGNNGT CRRGCTGF VJG 5VCWHGTU ENGCTN[ UGGMKPI VQ WPKH[ VJGKT UECVVGTGF VGTTKVQTKGU +V YCU C VYKUV QH HCVG VJCV VJG 5VCWHGTU UQQP YQWNF XCPKUJ HTQO VJG EQTTKFQTU QH RQYGT MKPIUJKR YQWNF DG OCTIKPCNKUGF CPF VJG OKFFNG QH )GTOCP[ YCU CV VJG OGTE[ QH RTKXCVG UECVVGTKPI 0CW RWVU KV VJWU ŋ&KG 5V·FVG UKPF FKG GKIGPVNKEJGP 6T·IGT FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI QFGT CPFGTU CWUIGFTÒEMV FKG /ÒP\RT·IWPI KUV GKPG (WPMVKQP FGT 5V·FVG WPF UQ UGJT KJT #PNKGIGP FCUU FGT GKIGPVNKEJG /ÒP\JGTT KO /ÒP\DKNF QHV ICT PKEJV OGJT KP 'TUEJGKPWPI VTKVV &CU )GNF KUV CWEJ FGT GKIGPVNKEJG (TGKJGKVUDTKPIGT FGT 5V·FVG FKG UKEJ UGKV FGO 'PFG FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU KP KOOGT UV·TMGTGO /CUUG OKV KJTGO )GNF XQP FGT 5VCFVJGTTP HTGKMCWHGP 5VCFVNWHV OCEJV HTGK )GNF OCEJV HTGKŌ 6JG EKVKGU CTG VJG TGCN GPVKVKGU GZGTEKU KPI VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP QVJGT YQTFU EQKPCIG KU C HWPEVKQP QH VJG EKVKGU CPF UQ OWEJ VJGKT KPVGTGUV VJCV VJG CEVWCN OKPVKPI NQTF QHVGP PQ NQPIGT CRRGCTU QP VJG HCEG QH VJGUG EQKPU /QPG[ KU CNUQ VJG TGCN NKDGTC VQT QH VJG EKVKGU YJKEJ ITQYKPIN[ WUG VJGKT OQPG[ VQ DW[ VJGOUGNXGU HTGG HTQO VJG NQTF QH VJG EKV[ HTQO VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ %KV[ CKT NKDGTCVGU OQPG[ NKDGTCVGU 0CW /ÒP\GP WPF )GNF KP FGT 5VCWHGT\GKV KP &KG <GKV FGT 5VCWHGT R GV UGSS 363

WÜRTTEMBERG

*CPFJGNNGT # *CPF KP EKTENG *#..# 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD 0CW 4CHH ! IT 8GT[ HKPG

$QWIJV GZ &GMMGT EQNNGEVKQP

*CPFJGNNGT # *CPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD 4CHH ! IT 8GT[ HKPG

'KPUGKVKIGT *QJNRHGPPKI # 6YQ UJKGNFU YKVJ GCING CDQXG 4CHH IT

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #PQP[OQWU VJ EGPVWT[

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO 'Z 4QUGPDGTI #WEVKQP PQ

8GT[ HKPG

9ª466'/$'4) 6JG PCOG CRRGCTU HKTUV YKVJ %QPTCF QH 9KTVKPKUDGTM KP 6JG QTKIKPU QH VJG HCOKN[ CTG UJTQWFGF KP O[UVGT[ 0QYCFC[U %QPTCF $TWPQ CPF .KWVICTV DTQVJGTU CPF UKUVGT CTG EQPUKFGTGF VQ DG FGUEGPFCPVU QH &WMG %QPTCF QH %CTKPVJKC Ŏ CPF /CVJKNFG QH 5YCDKC Ŏ .CVGT VYQ DTQVJGTU .QWKU CPF 'OKEJQ CRRGCTGF DWV CTQWPF VJG[ EGCUGF ECNNKPI VJGOUGNXGU EQWPVU (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC NCKF VJG HQWPFCVKQP KP YJGP JG DGUVQYGF C UKIPKHKECPV VGTTKVQT[ QP .QWKU QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI .CVGT VJG VKGU YKVJ VJG 5VCWHGTU YGTG UGXGTGF 7NTKEJ + CHVGT VJG $CVVNG CV (TCPMHWTV UKFGF YKVJ VJG RQRG +V GPCDNGF JKO VQ UWDUVCPVKCNN[ GZRCPF JKU VGTTKVQT[ OCTTKCIG COQPIUV QVJGTU YQP JKO 5VWVVICTV *GPEG 7NTKEJ KU EQPUKFGTGF VJG HQWPFGT QH VJG NCVGT FWEJ[ *KU UQPU 7NTKEJ ++ CPF 'DGTJCTF ECOG QH CIG KP VJG KGU 6JG[ UMKNNHWNN[ KPUVTWOGPVCNKUGF VJG EQPVTQXGTU[ DGVYGGP *CDUDWTI CPF 9KVVGNUDCEJ KPETGCUKPI VJGKT RQYGT KP VJG 0GEMCTŉU OKFFNG TGCEJGU 6JGKT FQOKPKQP ITGY NCTIGT CPF 'DGTJCTF ++ CPF JKU DTQVJGT 7NTKEJ +8 CXQKFGF C FKXKUKQP QH VJG NCPFU 'DGTJCTF +++ HQNNQYGF C RQNKVKEU QH EQORTQOKUG +P VJG EQWPV[ YCU FKXKFGF KP C 5VWVVICTV RCTV 7NTKEJ CPF C 7TCEJ RCTV

.QWKU 6JG 6TGCV[ QH /ÒPUKPIGP KP WPKVGF DQVJ CICKP 'DGTJCTF 8 OCPCIGF VQ GNGXCVG JKU EQWPV[ VQ C FWEJ[ KP YJKEJ JG TWNGF CU 'DGTJCTF + *KU EQWUKP 'DGTJCTF ++ UJQTVN[ JGNF VJG FWECN QHHKEG CHVGT YJKEJ VJG UQP QH VJG NCVVGTŉU DTQVJGT 7NTKEJ + YCU FWMG WPVKN #V VJCV OQOGPV JG YCU QWUVGF CPF 9ÒTVVGODGTI HGNN VQ VJG #WU VTKCPU HQT C RGTKQF QH [GCTU DGHQTG 7NTKEJ TGVWTPGF

'$'4*#4& +++ FGT /+.&'

8KGTUEJNCIJGNNGT # *WPVKPI JQTP 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD -NGKP 4CHH IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG )CPU #TPUDGTI $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH 'PIGN 5GTTWTG R UVCVGU VJCV KP VJG GORGTQT ITCPVGF %QWPV 'DGTJCTF ++ VJG TKIJV QH UVTKMKPI JGNNGTU 6JTGG V[RGU YGTG KPVTQFWEGF OCVEJKPI VJQUG OGPVKQPGF D[ -NGKP 4CHH CPF 6JG HKTUV VYQ VJWU EQWNF JCXG DGGP UVTWEM D[ XKTVWG QH C VTGCV[ QH CPF VJG VJKTF D[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH 5GG 7 -NGKP CPF # 4CHH &KG 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJGP /ÒP\GP DKU $FG 5VWVVICTV CPF , 'DPGT CPF %JT $KPFGT 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJG /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGPMWPFG 5VWVVICTV

364

NÖRDLINGEN 7.4+%* +

&TGKGT # 5JKGNF YKVJ VJTGG CPVNGTU 8.4+%85 Q &8: Q +0 Q 9+46' 4 5JKGNF QH /ÌORGNICTF YKVJ VYQ HKUJGU %1/'5 Q /106+5 Q $'..+) -NGKP 4CHH D IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-WTRH·N\KUEJG /ÒP\JCPFNWPI /CPPJGKO #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM D[ XKTVWG QH VJG 6TGCV[ QH *GKPUJGKOGT KP +V DGCTU VJG CPEKGPV PCOG QH 9ÒTVVGODGTI 9KTVG

0¤4&.+0)'0 %KV[ QP VJG 4KGU +P DGNQPIGF VQ VJG FKQEGUG 4GIGPUDWTI +P KV HGNN VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU YJQ WP FGTVQQM OCLQT GZRCPUKQPU UWEJ CU CP CPPWCN HCKT 5VKNN VJG TGIKQP ITCFWCNN[ DGECOG EWV QHH FWG VQ COQPIUV QVJGTU VJG UCNG QH NKGPU VQ VJG EQWPVU QH ¤VVKPIGP &QQO JQYGXGT YCU CXGTVGF CPF 0ÌTFNKPIGP DGECOG CP KORGTKCN EKV[ YKVJ EKV[ TKIJVU CPF CP KPFGRGPFGPV CFOKPKUVTCVKQP +P KV DGECOG CP KORG TKCN OKPV +V YCU CICKP VJTGCVGPGF VQ DG EWV QHH D[ VJG EQWPVU QH ¤VVKPIGP DWV QPEG CICKP VJKU HCVG YCU CXGTVGF 0GXGTVJGNGUU 0ÌTFNKPIGPŉU GEQPQOKE UKIPKHKECPEG FGENKPGF CPF VQYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV QPN[ YCU VJG EQNNGEVKPI CPF FKUVTKDWVKPI OCTMGV +P %QPTCF QH 9GKPUDGTI DQWIJV VJG KORGTKCN OKPV 0Ì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

2*+.+22 FGT .6'4' XQP 9'+05$'4)

)QNFIWNFGP # 0KODCVG 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ NCOD QXGT UJKGNF /10'6 „ 018# Q 014& .+0)'5 Q 4 1TD KP VTGHQKN (4+&4+%85 Q 41/#0 Q +/2'4#614 Q (D *GT\HGNF C 5EJWNVGP IT 0KEG RQTVTCKV C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG *CWEM #WHJ·WUGT /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ )QWFIWNFGP +P VJG PCOG QH (TGFGTKEM +++ *GT\H C /QPG[GT * 5EJTCWH , )TÌDGN #TVKUVKECNN[ CODKVKQWU V[RG

365

BREISGAU

$4'+5)#7 570&)#7 $TGKUICW KU VJG NCPF VQ VJG GCUV QH VJG DGPF KP VJG 4JKPG PGCT $CUNG VQ VJG YGUV QH YJKEJ NKGU 5WPFICW

7RRGT #NUCEG $TGKUICW KU VJG NCPF QH VJG <·JTKPIGP HCOKN[ VKNN DWV CNUQ VJG JQOGNCPF QH VJG 5VCWHGTU <·JTKPIGP KU LWUV CDQXG (TGKDWTI 5VCWHGP C NKVVNG DGPGCVJ KV 6JG HQNNQYKPI YCU VJGTGHQTG UWDFKXKFGF KP $TGKUICW YKVJ VJG EQWPV[ (TGKDWTI CPF 5WPFICW 7RRGT #NUCEG YKVJ %QNOCT VJG EQWPV[ 2HKTV CPF VJG OQPCUVGT[ /WTDCEJ $TGKUICW YCU QTKGPVGF VQYCTFU )GTOCP[ VJG 7RRGT #NUCEG VQYCTFU (TCPEG 6JG EQPPGEVKPI NKPM YCU VJG FKQEGUG $CUNG $4'+5)#7 &GURKVG VJG HCEV VJCV VJKU EQNNGEVKQP FQGU PQV EQPVCKP CP[ <·JTKPIGP EQKPU YG UJCNN NQQM DTKGHN[ CV VJKU HCOKN[ HQT VJG JKUVQTKECN UKVWCVKQP KP $TGKUICW 5WPFICW CPF 9GUV 5YKV\GTNCPF KU PQV WPFGTUVCPFCDNG YKVJQWV UQOG RTGXKQWU MPQYNGFIG CDQWV VJG <·JTKPIGP HCOKN[ *QWUG QH <·JTKPIGP 6JG <·JTKPIGTU CTG C PQDNG JQWUG KP 5YCDKC CPF TGNCVGF VQ VJG #NGOCPPKE HCOKN[ $GTVJQNFG #NCJQNHKPIGT +P $GTVJQNF TGEGKXGF 8KNNKPIGP HTQO 1VVQ +++ CNQPI YKVJ OCTMGV VQNN CPF OKPV TKIJV *GPT[ ++ ICXG JKO VJG EQWPV[ $TGKUICW $GTVJQNFŉ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Ŏ CU JKU HCVJGT YCU C UVCNYCTV QH 4WFQNH QH 4JGKPHGNFGPŉU *G YGFFGF 4W FQNHŉ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ŋVJG FWMGU QH <·JTKPIGPŌ *KU UQP $GTVJQNF +++ CEEQORCPKGF *GPT[ 8 VQ +VCN[ JQYGXGT YCU KORTKUQPGF D[ %QNQIPG KP *G FKGF [QWPI 6JG TGKIP QH $GTVJQNF +8 UCY VJG FCYPKPI QH C PGY GTC *KU HCVJGT %QPTCF C DTQVJGT QH $GTVJQNF +++ CPF %QPTCF +++ FKGF KP VJG UCOG [GCT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC VJGP GHHGEVGF C VTGCV[ YKVJ VJG <·JTKPIGTU QP VJG GZGEWVKQP QH VJG TGEVQTCVG KP $WTIWPF[ $GTVJQNF +8 HQT KPUVCPEG GZGTEKUGF VJG KORGTKCN RQYGT KP 7RRGT CPF .QYGT $WTIWPF[ #TGNCVG 7RQP (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU OCTTKCIG VQ $GCVTKEG QH $WTIWPF[ JG TGEGKXGF VJG TKIJV QH KPXGUVKVWTG CPF IWCTFKCPUJKR QXGT VJG FKQEGUGU )GPGXC .CWUCPPG CPF 5KQP *G OCPCIGF VQ UVTGPIVJGP VJG CWVJQTKV[ QH VJG <·JTKPIGTU QXGT VJG 5YKUU 2NCVGCW JG HQWPFGF VJG EKVKGU $GTP CPF (TKDQWTI DWV NCVGT NQUV JKU TKIJVU KP )GPGXC (TGFGTKEM $CT DCTQUUCŉU TGHWUKPI VQ CEMPQYNGFIG JKU DTQVJGT 4CQWN CU VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ YJQ NCVGT YQWNF DG EQOG DKUJQR QH .K½IG UGG WPFGT .K½IG EQPUVKVWVGF C NQY HQT $GTVJQNF +8 *G ECNNGF VJG (TGPEJ MKPI VQ JKU CKF PGXGTVJGNGUU JKU RQYGT FYKPFNGF *KU DTQVJGT #NDGTV QH 6GEM CUUWOGF VJG FWECN VKVNG WRQP JKU FGCVJ 6JG FGXGNQROGPV QH 6GEM VQYCTFU OQTG KPFGRGPFGPEG NGF VQ VGPUKQPU <·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·JTKPIGTU GPFGF KP (TGFGTKEM ++ UWDUGSWGPVN[ FKUUQNXGF VJG <·JTKPIGP FQOKPKQP 2CTV YGPV VQ VJG EQWPVKGU QH 7TCEJ HTQO YJKEJ VJG EQWPV[ (TGKDWTI YQWNF URTKPI -[DWTI CPF 6GEM .CVGT -[DWTI YQWNF FGXQNXG VQ *CDUDWTI 6*' < *4+0)'45 2'4+1& (QT VJGUG RQTVTCKV V[RGU 9KGNCPFV $TGKUCEJ RTQXKFGU C PWODGT QH RQUUKDKNKVKGU HQT VJG OKPVKPI NQTF 5VCWHGTU <·JTKPIGT COQPIUV QVJGTU 6JG HQNNQYKPI VJTGG RHGPPKIG YGTG KP CNN NKMGNKJQQF UVTWEM D[ VJG 5VCWHGTU 366

BREISGAU

2HGPPKI VJ EGPVWT[ # &KCFGOGF DWUV N YKVJ VYQ UVCTU CPF QPG ETQUU KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV VJKU URGEKOGP IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV C /CKP #WEVKQP PQ 9KGNCPFV FGGOU VJKU TQ[CN DGECWUG QH VJG VKCTC

2HGPPKI # *GCF N YKVJ ETQUU CPF CPPWNGV KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV IT

4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM

2HGPPKI # *GCF T YKVJ ETQUU CPF CPPWNGV KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV IT 4 (NCP ETCEM DWV XGT[ YGNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI 6JG PQU CPF CTG CNUQ CUUWOGF VQ DG TQ[CN 9KGNCPFV -ÌPKIUOÒP\GP CWU $TGKUCEJ CO 4JGKP 5EJYGK\ /ÒP\DN·VVGT R

6*' 2156 < *4+0)'45 2'4+1&

9KGNCPFV $TGKUICW TCPMU VJG EQKPU HTQO VJG RGTKQF CHVGT VJG <·JTKPIGTU CEEQTFKPI VQ VJGKT HCEG

5VTÒYGNMQRHRHGPPKI /KPVKPI NQTF UGEWNCT F[PCUV HTQO $TGKUICW 5WPFICW QT 0QTVJ 5YKV\GTNCPF /QUV NKMGN[ CTG VJG <·JTKPI GTU /KPV $TGKUCEJ (TGKDWTI QT 5QNQVJWTP 2GTKQF CRRTQZ 9KGNCPFV

# *GCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP UVCT CPF ETQUU 9KGNCPFV IT 5-# <ÒTKEJ (TQO #WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.ÌYGPRHGPPKI 6JG .ÌYGPRHGPPKIG CNQPI YKVJ VJG .KPFYWTORHGPPKIG YKVJ UQOG COQWPV QH EGTVCKPV[ ECP DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OCTITCXGU QH $CFGP *CEJDGTI 2GTKQF CTQWPF

# .KQP N 9KGNCPFV C IT

'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

# .KQP N YKVJ RGNNGVU QP VJG PGEM 9KGNCPFV IT #WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

367

BREISGAU .KPFYWTORHGPPKI

# .KPFYQTO T 9KGNCPFV IT

'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

# .KPFYQTO T 9KGNCPFV IT

#NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

%+6; 4CRRGP # 5JKGNF WPFGT ETQUU 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ E IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 9KEMGTV 7NO 6JG JQTPU CPF RCYU CTG UJQTVGT VJCP DGHQTG

*CJPRHGPPKI

# %QEM N UVCT CDQXG 9KGNCPFV EH IT

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI (TQO $CTDCTQUUC JQCTF # EQEM KU FKUVKPEVN[ TGEQIPKUCDNG 8CTKQWU V[RGU YKVJ C DKTF CPF C UVCT HGCVWTG KP 9KGNCPFV $TGKUICW UWEJ CU PQ

.KQP PQU CPF GCING VJG NCVVGT YKVJ C NCTIG DGCM CPF PQ RKIGQP # EQEM JQYGXGT KU WPMPQYP

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ $[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH 0QXGODGT $GTUVGVV

%17065 QH (4'+$74) 6JG HQWPFKPI QH (TGKDWTI D[ VJG FWMGU QH <·JTKPIGP KP VJG VJ VJ EGPVWT[ YCU RTGEGFGF D[ CP QNFGT UGVVNGOGPV VJCV RTGUWOCDN[ CNTGCF[ DQTG VJG PCOG (TGKDWTI 6JG RGTKQF CU EKXKVCU DGICP WPFGT $GTVJQNF ++ KP 6JG HKPCN UVCIGU QH VJG FGXGNQROGPV QH VJG EKV[ VQQM RNCEG WPFGT $GTVJQNF +++ 7RQP VJG GZVKPEVKQP QH VJG <·JTKPIGTU KP RQYGT FGXQNXGF VQ VJG EQWPVU QH (TGKDWTI # EQPHNKEV DGVYGGP VJGO CPF VJG EKVK\GPU CTQUG KP VJG UGEQPF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P VJG EKV[ DQWIJV KVUGNH HTGG QH VJG EQWPVU #WVJQTKV[ VJGP HGNN VQ VJG #WUVTKCPU +VU TGPQYPGF WPKXGTUKV[ YCU HQWPFGF KP D[ &WMG #NDTGEJV 8+ 'TCUOWU COQPIUV QVJGTU YCU CVVCEJGF VQ KV (TQO (TGKDWTI YCU C OKPV QH VJG EQWPVU QH (TGKDWTI +P KV DGECOG #WUVTKCP CPF KP KV HGNN VQ VJG EKVK\GPU %17065 QH (4'+$74)

4CRRGP # *GCF QH CP GCING N YKVJ UVCT KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9ÒVJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP -CV (ÒTUVGPDGTI +P VJG 4GIKQ $CUKNKGPUKU YCU WPKVGF KP VJG ŋ4CRRGPOÒP\DWPFŌ VJG EKVKGU QH $CUNG (TGKDWTI K $T $TGKUCEJ CPF %QNOCT CU YGNN CU VJG OKPV QH 6JCPP HQT (WTVJGT #WUVTKC %QPXGPVKQPU YGTG JGNF KP CPF

368

STAUFEN

#7564+#0

4CRRGP # *GCF QH CP GCING N 9KGNCPFV E IT

8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ %CV 9ÒVJTKEJ ŋ9QJN UEJYGTGT 2HGPPKI FGU $TGKUICWGT /ÒP\MTGKUGU PCEJ FGO 8GTVTCI XQP /·T\ Ō

TCVJGT JGCX[ RHGPPKI QH VJG $TGKUICW EQKP CUUQEKCVKQP D[ XKTVWG QH VJG VTGCV[ QH /CTEJ %CJP 4CRRGPOÒP\ DWPF R

4CRRGP ! # *GCF QH CP GCING N ETGUEGPV KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV EH E IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ %CV 9ÒVJTKEJ ŋ#PUEJGKPGPF MGKP *·NDNKPI XQP 0T UQPFGTP FGT PGWG 2HGPPKI PCEJ FGO ÒDGTTGIKQPCNGP UÒFFGWVUEJGP UEJYGK\GTKUEJGP /ÒP\XGTVTCI XQP 5GRVGODGT FGT LC GKPGP UGJT NGKEJVGP 2HGPPKI XQTUEJTKGDŌ

0QV VJG JCNH QH PQ CU KV UGGOU DWV VJG PGY RHGPPKI D[ WPFGT VJG PGY 5QWVJ )GTOCP 5YKUU EQKP VTGCV[

%+6;

5VGDNGT # *GCF QH CP GCING N 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT

44 &CTM RCVKPC HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9ÒVJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP 5VGDNGT WPFGT VJG VTGCV[ QH 0QXGODGT 4CRRGPOÒP\DWPF 2GTJCRU C *·NDNKPI C JCNH -CV (ÒTUVGPDGTI ITGCVGT URGEKOGP

56#7('0 .KVVNG KU MPQYP QH VJG GCTN[ 5VCWHGTU 6JG[ YGTG OKPKUVGTKCNGU QH VJG <·JTKPIGTU 6JG[ HKTUV CRRGCT KP YJGP *GPT[ +8 KPXGUVGF FWECN FKIPKV[ HQT 5YCDKC KP VJG 5VCWHGT (TGFGTKEM CPF VJWU TGRNCEGF VJG FGRQUGF 4WFQNH QH 4JGKPHGNFGP 6JKU (TGFGTKEM CNUQ HQWPFGF VJG HCOKN[ ECUVNG QH 5VCWH VJG ECUVNG 5VCWH QP VJG *QJGPUVCWHGP OQWPVCKP ECWUGF VJG PCOG ŋ*QJGPUVCWHGPŌ 5VCWHGP NKGU CV VJG GPVTCPEG QH VJG /ÒPUVGT XCNNG[ (TGFGTKEM YCU YGFFGF VQ #IPGU VJG FCWIJVGT QH *GPT[ +8 6JG UQP HTQO VJKU OCTTKCIG YQWNF DGEQOG %QPTCF +++ VJG HKTUV 5VCWHGT MKPI #HVGT VJG NCUV QH VJG 5VCWHGTU %QPTCFKP KP VJG HCOKN[ CICKP FKUCRRGCTU HTQO TGEQTFGF JKUVQT[ #RCTV HTQO VJG PGZV EQKP VJG PQU VQ UJQWNF RTGUWOCDN[ CNUQ DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG 5VCWHGTU UGG WPFGT $TGKUICW

$TCMVGCV /ÒPUVGT EC # 'NGRJCPV N YKVJ DCUMGV ! QP JKU DCEM 9KGNCPFV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 1TKIKPCNN[ VJKU EQKP YCU CVVTKDWVGF VQ *GNHGPUVGKP D[ $KPFGT YJKEJ OCP[ HQNNQYGF HQT C NQPI VKOG ;GV /G[GT UJQTVN[ CHVGT $KPFGT CVVTKDWVGF VJKU EQKP VQ 5KD[NNC QH *GNHGPUVGKP $NCWDGWTGP YJQ YCU CDDGUU HTQO VQ QH VJG <ÒTKEJ (TCWOÒPUVGT EQPXGPV 9KGNCPFV JCU FGFKECVGF C NQV QH VKOG VQ VJKU EQKP *G CTTKXGU CV VJG EQPENWUKQP VJCV KV EQWNF JCXG DGGP UVTWEM D[ VJG NQTFU QH 5VCWHGP DWV VJCV OQTG RTQDCDN[ YCU UVTWEM D[ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU CPF UJQWNF DG RNCEGF KP 6QFVPCW QT 0GWGP DWTI *G FCVGU KV DCEM VQ VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JKU JQYGXGT KU VYGPV[ VQ VJKTV[ [GCTU VQQ NCVG *G EQO RCTGU VJKU EQKP YKVJ CPQVJGT V[RG YJKEJ JCU CP GNGRJCPV YKVJ C VQYGT DGJKPF KV KP *WPICT[ VQQ YG HKPF C WPKHCEG EQKP YKVJ CP GNGRJCPV C VQYGT QP KVU DCEM VJCV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ $GNC +8 UGG PQ (QT VJG OKPV JG UWIIGUVU /ÒPUVGT KP VJG /ÒPUVGT XCNNG[ 0GWGPDWTI QP VJG 4JKPG CPF 5VCWHGP 6JKU EQKP YCU OQUV NKMGN[ UVTWEM KP /ÒPUVGT D[ VJG NQTFU QH 5VCWHGP UGG 7 -NGKP &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP *GNHGPUVGKP &GT $TGKUICWGT 'NGHCPVGP $TCMVGCV KP $GKVT·IG \WT UÒFFGWVUEJGP /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG 5VWVVICTV R

369

SUNDGAU

570&)#7 1$'4'.5#55 +P VJG RGTKQF WR VQ VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG 7RRGT #NUCEG FKF PQV QPN[ EQOG WPFGT VJG FKQEGUG $CUNG CGEENGUKCUVKECNN[ DWV CNUQ NC[ YKVJKP VJG CTGC QH EKTEWNCVKQP QH VJG $CUNG 2HGPPKI UGG 9KGNCPFV &KG $CUGNGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI 2HKTV KP VJG UQWVJ CPF %QNOCT KP VJG PQTVJ CTG VJG QPN[ RNCEGU VJCV OC[ DG CE EGRVGF YKVJ TGUGTXG CU KPFGRGPFGPV OKPVU %1./#4 +P %CTQNKPIKCP FC[U VJGTG YCU C TQ[CN EQWTV JGTG CF HKUEWO PQUVTWO PQOKPG %QNWODCTKWO 6JG 1VVQ PKCPU FKXKFGF KV KP JCNH VJG 1DGTJQH YGPV VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ 2C[GTPG CPF VJG 0KGFGTJQH VQ VJG ECVJGFTCN OQPCUVGT[ QH %QPUVCPEG +V HNQWTKUJGF WPFGT VJG 5VCWHGTU (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC YCU 8QIV QH 0KFGTJQH CPF VJG CDDG[ /ÒPUVGT 7PFGT (TGFGTKEM ++ %QNOCT FGXGNQRGF VQ EKV[ QH VJG GORKTG CPF KP KV YCU C EKXKVCU CEMPQYNGFIGF D[ -KPI 9KNNKCO QH *QNNCPF KP 6JGP C VKOG GPUWGF KP YJKEJ VJGTG YCU OWEJ EQPVGPVKQP DGVYGGP PQDKNKV[ CPF EKVK\GPU 4WFQNH QH *CDUDWTI ITCPVGF C ŋ(TGKJGKVUDTKGHŌ NGVVGT QH HTGGFQO CPF #FQNH QH 0CUUCW GZVGPFGF VJG EKV[ TKIJVU KP +P PQDKNKV[ YCU FGHGCVGF QPEG CPF HQT CNN CPF VJG IWKNFU GPVGTGF VJG EKV[ EQWPEKN (TQO VJG EKV[ JCF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV CPF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KV VQQM RCTV KP VJG ŋ4CRRGPOÒP\DWPFŌ

%+6;

5VGDNGT # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT

9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9ÒVJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP 5VGDNGT WPFGT VJG VTGCV[ QH #RTKN -CV (ÒTUVGPDGTI

&QRRGNXKGTGT VJ EGPVWT[ # 'CING N /10'6# 01 %1./#4 4 .QPI FQWDNG DCPFGF ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF 5 /#46+0 2#6410 'PIGN .GJT IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

-WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ

%17065 QH 2(+46 6JG EQWPV[ 2HKTV (TGPEJ PCOG (GTTGVVG YCU HQWPFGF CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ D[ (TGFGTKEM +

Ŏ UQP QH &KGVTKEJ QH /QPVD¾NKCT Ŏ HTQO VJG KPJGTKVGPEG QH JKU YKHG 5VGRJCPKG QH 'IKUJGKO +P JG UV[NGF JKOUGNH %QWPV QH 2HKTV CPF HQWPFGF VJG EKV[ 6JCPP *KU UQP .QWKU Ŏ YCU YGFFGF VQ 4KEJGP\C QH *CDUDWTI CPF RGTKUJGF FWTKPI VJG 6JKTF %TWUCFG *KU UQP 7NTKEJ YCU OWTFGTGF D[ VJG %QWPV 2CNCVKPG 1VVQ + QH $WTIWPF[ 7NTKEJŉU DTQVJGT (TGFGTKEM ++

Ŏ HGNN QWV YKVJ VJG DKUJQRU QH 5VTCUDQWTI CPF $CUNG CPF YKVJ VJG OQPCUVGT[ /WTDCEJ *G NQUV CPF YCU MKNNGF D[ JKU UQP 7NTKEJ Ŏ 6JKU 7NTKEJ EGFGF RQUUGUUKQPU VQ VJG DKUJQR QH $CUNG OWTFGTGF %QWPV 4WFQNH QH 5CWIGTP CPF DCVVNGF YKVJ VJG OQPCUVGT[ /WTDCEJ +P JG UQNF VJG EQWPV[ VQ VJG DKUJQR QH $CUNG CPF TGEGKXGF KV DCEM CU HKGH *KU UQP 6JGQDCNF YCU HQTEGF VQ TGEQIPKUG 4WFQNH QH *CDUDWTI 'XGPVWCNN[ VJG EQWPV[ 2HKTV YCU WPKVGF YKVJ VJG QVJGT *CDUDWTI RQUUGUUKQPU

7.4+%*

370

2HGPPKI # #PIGN YKVJ URTGCFGF YKPIU QXGT JGCF QH C DKUJQR 9KGNCPFV IT 4 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

MURBACH /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9ÒVJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP 6JKU EQKP UJQWNF GKVJGT DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ $CUNG YJKEJ EQWNF YGNN DG VJG ECUG KP XKGY QH VJG GRKUEQRCN JGCF QT KV EQPUVKVWVGU C UGEWNCT EQWPVGTHGKV HTQO 2HKTV 6JKU EQKP CNQPI YKVJ C PWODGT QH QVJGTU KU RCTV QH CP KPVGTGUVKPI ITQWR 6JGUG V[RGU JCXG UQOG EQOOQP EJCTCEVGTKUVKEU RQKPVGF HNCP EGPVTCN HKIWTG CP CPIGN &KHHGTGPEGU CTG UGXGTCN JGCFU WPFGT VJG CPIGN QT PQVJKPI CV CNN 6JGUG VJTGG V[RGU CTG IGPGTCNN[ CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 2HKTV KP YJKEJ 9KGNCPFV E CNUQ OGPVKQPU $CUNG 6KOG QH QTKIKP CTQWPF 6JG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ VJG EQWPVU QH 2HKTV TGOCKPU WPEGTVCKP +P C FGGF FQEWOGPVU VJG VTCPUHGT VQ VJG DTQVJGT KP NCY QH %QWPV (TGFGTKEM ++ QH 2HKTV #DDQV $GTVJQNF QH .ÒV\GN QH VJG TKIJV VQ UMCTG KP VJG RTQEGGFU QH VJG OKPV 5JQYU D C OKVTGF JGCF YJKEJ KU PQV VJG ECUG QP E YJKEJ OC[ RQTVTC[ C UGEWNCT QT CP CDDQV +P C VJG JGCF JCU FKUCRRGCTGF CNVQIGVJGT 6JG EGPVTCN RQUKVKQP QH VJG CPIGN IKXGU TKUG VQ VJG SWGUVKQP QH YJGVJGT C EQWNF DG VJG RTQVQV[RG QH D CPF E *GTG VJG[ CTG NKUVGF EQPUGSWGPVN[ 9KGNCPFV $TGKUICW ENCUUKHKGU VJGUG EQKPU WPFGT ŋ'PIGNŌ +P VJG OKVTGF JGCF JG UGGU DKUJQR $GTVJQNF QH 2HKTV HTQO $CUNG *G TGEQIPKUGU VJG UCOG KP E PQVKPI ŋUQHGTP MGKP $G\WI CWH FKG CPIGDNKEJG 6GKNJCDGTUEJCHV FGU #DVU QH .ÒV\GN CWU 2HKTVGT /ÒP\TGEJV XQTNKGIVŌ KPUQHCT CU VJGTG KU PQ TGHGTGPEG VQ VJG RWTRQTVGF RCTVKEKRCVKQP D[ VJG CDDQV QH .ÒV\GN KP VJG 2HKTV TKIJV QH OKPV R 9KGNCPFV $CUNG EJCTCMVGTKUGU D CPF E CU ŋUGEWNCT EQWPVGTHGKVŌ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¾NKCTF

%1.1/$#0 Fy#0&.#7

2HGPPKI # #TOU QH #PFNCW /WTDCEJ CPF .WTG 'PIGN .GJT IT

4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)CNGTKG FGU /QPPCKGU )GP½XG (QT %QNQODCP F #PFNCW UGG 0WOKUOCVKUEJG <GKVWPI R #TOU /WTDCEJ ŋRQTVG F CTIGPV FW NGXTKGT TCORCPV GV EQPVQWTPG FG UCDNG EQNNGVG F QTŌ .WTG ŋRQTVG F C\WT C WP FGZVTQEJGTG FG ECTPCVKQP XGVW FG IPEWNGU TGDTCUUG F CTIGPV RQUG GP RCN GV OQWXGPV F WP PWCIG FW FGTPKGT GOCKNŌ

371

BREISGAU-BASEL

$4'+5)#7 $#5'. +P -KPI %QPTCF ++ ICXG WPURGEKHKGF UKNXGT OKPGU KP $TGKUICW VQ $KUJQR #FCNTKEJ ++ QH $CUNG VQ MGGR HQT IQQF QH VJG EQWPV[ QH VJG <·JTKPIGT $GTVJQNF + 6JKU DGUVQYCN YCU EQPHKTOGF KP CPF KP +P VJQUG VKOGU EQKPCIG KP $TGKUICW JCF CNTGCF[ DGGP EGCUGF YJKNG KV JCF PQV [GV DGGP EQO OGPEGF KP (TGKDWTI 1P VJGUG ITQWPFU C PWODGT QH V[RGU YGTG UVTWEM MPQYP CU VJG -QPFQOKPCVURT·IWPI KUUWG QH VJG EQP FQOKPKWO # EQPFQOKPKWO KU C LQKPV GZGTEKUG QH UQXGTGKIP TKIJVU QXGT C EGTVCKP VGTTKVQT[ FQOKPKQP D[ OQTG VJCP QPG RGTUQP 9G EJKGHN[ GPEQWPVGT VJKU HQTO QH UVCVG KP VGTTKVQTKGU YJGTG RQYGT KU UECVVGTGF 6JG EQPFQ OKPKWO QYGU KVU GZKUVGPEG VQ VJG NCVG OGFKGXCN RTQEGUU QH 8GTFKEJVWPI EQPFGPUCVKQP 9JGP CP GZEGUU QH VGTTKVQT[ JCF DGGP UECVVGTGF VJTQWIJ UCNGU RNGFIKPI KPJGTKVGPEG VJKU EQWNF TGGUVCDNKUJ C EGTVCKP WPKV[

COQPIUV QVJGTU D[ GORNQ[KPI CTDKVTCIG 1HVGP VJGUG EQ QRGTCVKQPU YGTG HCT HTQO UVCDNG JQYGXGT 5QOG QHHKEGU YGTG CNVGTPCVKPIN[ JCPFGF VQ VJKU RGTUQP QPG OQOGPV CPF VQ CPQVJGT VJG PGZV 6JG HQNNQYKPI V[RGU EQPUGSWGPVN[ CTG NKUVGF DQVJ KP 9KGNCPFV $TGKUICW WPFGT PQ CPF KP 9KGNCPFV $CUNG WPFGT PQ +P VJG EQWTUG QH VKOG VJG[ YGTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ UGXGTCN RGTUQPU $TCWP XQP 5VWOO CPF 8QNV\ HQT KPUVCPEG CUETKDG VJGO VQ VJG DKUJQR QH 5VTCUDQWTI CU UQ ECNNGF ŋ1DGTGP /WPFCVUŌ YKVJ OKPV 4WHCEJ 1VJGTU RTGHGTTGF VJG NQTFU QH ªUGPDWTI 6JG[ FCVG DCEM VQ VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

$TCMVGCV UV V[RG # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU CPF VYQ ETQUKGTU 9KGNCPFV IT 6TCEGU QH UGCNKPI YCZ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (F /CTDCEJ 6JG ETQUKGTU ENGCTN[ KPFKECVG C ENGTKECN OKPVKPI NQTF 9KGNCPFV HQTGOQUV EQPUKFGTU $TGKUCEJ CU ŋ$TGKUCEJ KP FGO WTCNVGP O·EJVKIGP 6WTO FGT *GT\ÌIG QH <·JTKPIGP GKP CWHHCNNGPFGU 9CJT\GKEJGP DGUCŌ

$TGKUCEJ KP VJG CPEKGPV OKIJV[ VQYGT QH VJG NQTFU QH <·JTKPIGP RQUUGUUGF C OQUV RTQOKPGPV NCPFOCTM (F /CT DCEJ R

$TCMVGCV TF V[RG # *GCF HCEKPI WPFGT VQYGT CPF DGVYGGP VYQ UYQTFU 9KGNCPFV G IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI (F /CTDCEJ C QT D C UJQYU C JKIJ JGCF CPF D C DTQCF JGCF 6JKU KU UGEWNCT EQKPCIG 9KGNCPFV UWIIGUVU VJG NQTFU QH ªUGPDGTI YJQUG ECUVNG NC[ LWUV UQWVJ QH $TGKUCEJ QP CP KUNCPF KP VJG 4JKPG 6JG[ YGTG VJG OQUV RQYGT HWN F[PCUV[ KP $TGKUICW CHVGT VJG <·JTKPIGTU CPF IWCTFKCPU QH VJG OQPCUVGT[ 5WN\DWTI +H VJG 6WTORHGPPKIG CTG CP GRKUEQRCN V[RG HTQO $CUNG VJKU EQWNF YGNN DG CP ªUGPDGTI EQWPVGTHGKV (F /CTDCEJ R

372

$TCMVGCV # 6YQ JGCFU WPFGT VQYGT CPF DGVYGGP VYQ UVCHHU GPFKPI KP NKU 9KGNCPFV F IT 4 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

BREISGAU

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JG FQWDNG JGCF NGF 5EJYCT\ VQ EQPUKFGT VJG <Ã&#x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Â·JTKPIGP YJKEJ YCU C FKUVKPEV NCPFOCTM (F /CTDCEJ R 6JG CVVTKDWVGU CTG NGHV CPF TKIJV ETQUKGT ETQ UKGT RCUVQTCN UVCHH NKU UEGRVTG 6JG HKIWTGU QH G CPF H UGGO UGEWNCT DWV CNUQ OKIJV FGRKEV CP CDDQV +P XKGY QH VJG EGPVTCN VQYGT YJKEJ JCU VJG UCOG UJCRG QP CNN V[RGU YG OWUV HQTGOQUV EQPUKFGT $TGKUCEJ VQIGVJGT YKVJ $CUNG UGEWNCT CPF ENGTKECN OQVKHU OKZKPI QP VJG EQKPU

373

BASEL

59+6<'4.#0& 59+6<'4.#0& 0146* 6JG EQKPU QH 5YKV\GTNCPF 0QTVJ HKV KP RGTHGEVN[ YKVJ VJQUG QH 5QWVJ )GTOCP[ OCKPN[ YKVJ VJQUG QH $TGKUICW 6JG EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQTO QH VJG HNCP YKVJ VJG HQWT FQVU YCU CFQRVGF 6JGTG YCU C ENQUG TGNCVKQPUJKR YKVJ VJG FKQEGUG $CUGN VJG $TGKUICW CTGC CPF VJCV QH 5WPICW 7RRGT #NUCEG +P 9GUV 5YKV\GTNCPF VJG <·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

(GTTGVVG YCU QDVCKPGF DWV NQUV CICKP KP VQ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU %QKPCIG YCU KP WUG CU GCTN[ CU VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 7PFGT %QPTCF +++ QH $WTIWPF[ VJGTG YCU KP HCEV SWGUVKQP QH C JGKIJVGPGF CEVKXKV[ 6JG HKTUV GRKUEQRCN EQKPU YGTG HTQO CTQWPF (QTOCNN[ VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU HKTUV ITCPVGF KP D[ %QPTCF +++ +P VJG DKUJQRU RNGFIGF VJG OKPV VQ VJG VQYP DWV TGOCKPGF OQPG[GTU VKNN VJG HKPCN UCNG VQ VJG VQYP KP

6*'1&'4+%*

*CNDDTCMVGCV # 6*'1&' 4+% ETQUU UJCRGF DGVYGGP VJTGG ETQUUGU 4 $#5+ .'# ETQUU UJCRGF DGVYGGP VQYGTU 9KGNCPFV IT (NCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 6JKU ETQUU HQTO KU EJCTCEVGTKUVKE HQT 6JGQFQTKEJ

#010;/175

<YGKUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG TKPI KP GCEJ CPING 4 9JGGN YKVJ UKZ URQMGU 9KGNCPFV IT 8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

$'46*1.& ++ XQP 2(+46

$GTVJQNF XQP 2HKTV UVGOOGF HTQO VJG F[PCUV[ QH EQWPVU QH 2HKTV *G YCU C DTQVJGT QH 7NTKEJ

UGG WPFGT 2HKTV $TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI WPFGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG YKVJ ETQUU CPF VYQ VQYGTU $CUNGT /ÒPUVGT! $GTIGT 9KGNCPFV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

374

BASEL 2'6'4 ++ XQP #52'.6 #HVGT JKU UVWFKGU KP $QNQIPC CPF 2CFWC JG DGECOG RTQVJQPQVCT[ VQ 9GPEGUNCU ++ KP 2TCIWG KP (TQO VQ JG YCU EJCPEGNNQT QH $QJGOKC 6JGP JG DGECOG DKUJQR KP $CUGN +P JG UKFGF YKVJ VJG (TGPEJ MKPI CPF YCU ECRVWTGF 6JG TGNCVKQP YKVJ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU YQTUGPGF 2QRG %NGOGPU 8 CR RQKPVGF JKO CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ KP *G KPHNWGPEGF VJG MKPIÅ&#x2030;U GNGEVKQP VQIGVJGT YKVJ VJG *QWUG QH .WZGODWTI +P VJG UVTWIING HQT VJG ETQYP JG UKFGF YKVJ .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N WPFGT RGNNGV CPF DGVYGGP 2 ' $GTIGT 9KGNCPFV IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ (F 9KPVGTVJWT

1661 XQP )4#0&510

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR T YKVJ ETQUKGT KP HTQPV 9KGNCPFV IT &CTM RCVKPC UOCNN HNCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ (F 9KPVGTVJWT

)'4*#4& XQP 9+22+0)'0 87+22'05

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ EWRU 9KGNCPFV IT

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N WPFGT RGNNGV CPF DGVYGGP + 1 9KGNCPFV IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

,1*#00 ++ 5'00 XQP /Âª05+0)'0

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N YKVJ QPG RGNNGV QP GCEJ UKFG QH VJG OKVTG CPF DGVYGGP $ # $GTIGT 9KGNCPFV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU QP GCEJ UKFG QH VJG OKVTG CPF DGVYGGP $ # $GTIGT 9KGNCPFV IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI

375

BASEL ,1*#00 +++ XQP 8+'00' 6JG RQRGÅ&#x2030;U CRRQKPVOGPV QH ,QJCPP +++ KP YCU WPHQTVWPCVG HQT VJG FKQEGUG 6JGTG YGTG JKIJ FGDVU JG YCU WPCDNG VQ HKPF CP CEEGRVCDNG UQNWVKQP CPF JGPEG YCU HQTEGF VQ UGNN COQPI QVJGTU VJG TKIJV QH OKPV VQ VJG VQYP HQT VJG RTKEG QH IQNF HNQTKPU HTQO (NQTGPEG HKQTKPK FÅ&#x2030;QTQ

$TCMVGCV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR N DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUKGTU $GTIGT 9KGNCPFV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

#WMVKQPGU $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ

%+6; $#5'. +P VJG HKTUV [GCT CNTGCF[ VJG VQYP UVTWEM EQKPU VJCV UQQP YGTG ECNNGF 5VÂ·DNGT FGTKXGF HTQO VJG )GTOCP YQTF HQT ETQUKGT 5VCD DGECWUG VJG[ FGRKEVGF VJG $CUGN ETQUKGT 6JG CWVJQTKVKGU YGPV VQ ITGCV RCKPU VQ IGV VJG EQKP CEEGRVGF 6Q VJKU GPF C OKPV EQPXGPVKQP YCU CITGGF WRQP YKVJ 5EJCHHJCWUGP HQNNQYGF KP D[ C HWTVJGT HQWTVGGP VQYPU KP PQTVJ YGUV 5YKV\GTNCPF CPF QP VJG WRRGT 4JKPG +P VJG 4CRRGPOÃ&#x2019;P\DWPF OKPV UQEKGV[ YCU HQWPFGF YJKEJ YQWNF NCUV HQT [GCTU 6JG RCTVKEK RCPVU YGTG $CUGN $TGKUCEJ (TGKDWTI $TGKUICW -QNOCT CPF VJG #WUVTKCP OKPV QH 6CPP (KTUV QPN[ WPK HCEG EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM DWV KP C EJCPIG YCU OCFG VQ VJG RNCRRCTV HQNNQYGF KP D[ VJG HKTUV ITQCVU CPF KP VJG 8KGTGT SWCTVGTU YGTG CFFGF

2NCRRCTV # 5JKGNF QH $CUGN KP UKZHQKN /10'6# â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 01 Q $#5+.+'05+5 4 /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF #8' Q /#4+# Q )4#%+# Q 2 */< D IT 8GT[ HKPG )CNGTKG FGU /QPPCKGU )GPÂ½XG 'Z )CNGTKG FGU /QPPCKGU #WEVKQP PQ

&QRRGNXKGTGT VJ EGPVWT[ # #TOU QH $CUGN KP SWCVTGHQKN ).14+# +0 ':'.5+5 &1 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10 '6# $#5 +.+& */< C IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDT PQ

376

8KGTGT VJ EGPVWT[ # 5JKGNF QH $CUGN /10'6# Q 01 Q $#5+.+' 4 %TQUU YKVJ FKXKFGF NKODU 5#.85 Q 4')+0# Q /+5' */< D IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDT PQ

KRENKINGEN-FROBURG

5VÂ·DNGT VJ EGPVWT[ # 5JKGNF QH $CUGN */< C IT *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDT PQ 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ

'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5VÂ·DNGT VJ EGPVWT[ # 5JKGNF QH $CUGN */< C IT /Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 5COG CU PQ DWV VJG CTOU KU NCTIGT CPF VJG DQTFGT QH FQVU OQTG FGHKPGF

8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.14&5 QH -4'0-+0)'0 6JG NQTFU QH -TGPMKPIGP UVTWEM EQKP KP 6KGPIGP PQV HCT HTQO 9CNFUJWV KP VJG -NGVVICW +P VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG UGKIPGWTKG YCU UQNF VQ $KUJQR 1VVQ +++ QH -QPUVCP\ QH VJG *QWUG $CFGP *CEJDGTI #NVJQWIJ VJG EQKPU QH VJG NQTFU QH -TGPMKPIGP DGNQPI YKVJ VJG TGIKQP QH VJG $TGKUICW VJGKT EQPPGEVKQP YKVJ VJG EQKPU QH VJG FKQEGUG $CUGN KU UWEJ HQWT FQVVGF HNCP JGCF VQ VJG NGHV VJCV YG NKUVGF VJGO WPFGT $CUGN

#010;/175 PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

4CRRGP # *GCF N YKVJ ECR DGVYGGP 6 '8 $GTIGT 5NI $QPJQHH 9KGNCPFV XCT IT &CTM RCVKPC UOCNN HNCP ETCEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ IT /Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 4CRRGP CHVGT VJG V[RG QH FKQEGUG $CUGN

4CRRGP # *GCF N YKVJ ECR GPFKPI KP DQY DGVYGGP 6 '8 $GTIGT XCT 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ 9KGNCPFV IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ 4CRRGP CHVGT VJG V[RG QH FKQEGUG $CUGN )TGVC 5EJYGK\ /Ã&#x2019;P\DN

%17065 QH (41$74) *#46/#00 XQP (41$74)

2HGPPKI <QHKPIGP # *GCF HCEKPI WPFGT VYQ EQPPGEVGF JGCFU < 18 +% */< 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ VJKU URGEKOGP IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WP /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP %QTTCIKQPK 6H 4GDGT 6H (TQO QP 6JG KFGPVKHKECVKQP QH VJG RKEVWTG VYQ ,CPWU NKMG HCEGU KU HTCWIJV YKVJ WPEGTVCKPV[ (QT C EQORCTKUQP UGG WPFGT <Ã&#x2019;TKEJ

377

HABSBURG

*175' QH *#$5$74) +P 1VVQ + EQPFGOPGF )WPVTCOPWU FKXGU )WPVTCO FGT 4GKEJG VJG TKEJ *G KU VJG QNFGUV MPQYP *CDUDWTIGT 6JG *CDUDWTIGTU YGTG TGNCVGF VQ VJG 'IKUJGKOGTU CPF VJG 'VKEJQPGU 6JG[ JCF RQUUGUUKQPU KP VJG 7RRGT #NUCEG KP VJG $TGKUICW CPF VJG[ QYPGF VJG EQWPV[ QH -NGVVICW #TQWPF DKUJQR 9GTPGT QH 5VTCUDQWTI DTQVJGT KP NCY VQ )WPVTCOŉU ITCPFUQP 4CVDQF GTGEVGF VJG *CDKEJVUDWTI *CDUDWTI CV VJG EQPHNWGPEG QH #CTG CPF 4GWUU +P 1VVQ ++ ECNNGF JKOUGNH EQOGU FG *CWKEJDWTEJ 6JG *CDUDWTIGTU DGECOG VJG JGKTU QH VJG .GPUDWTIGTU -[DWTIGTU 2HWNNGPFQTHGTU CPF KP RCTV QH VJG <·JTKPIGTU 9JGP VJG EQWPV YCU GNGEVGF 4QOCP MKPI KP VJG *CDUDWTI NCPFU OCKPN[ KP VJG PQTVJ YGUV QH 5YKV\GTNCPF DGECOG XGT[ RQYGTHWN #HVGT VJG XKEVQT[ QH 4WFQNH + QXGT 1VVQMCT ++ 2TGO[UN QH $QJGOKC KP 4WFQNH ITCPVGF VJG UWTTGPFGTGF HKGHU QH #WUVTKC CPF 5V[TKC VQ JKU UQPU #NDTGEJV + CPF 4WFQNH +P #NDTGEJV YCU OWTFGTGF +P (TGFGTKEM FGT 5EJÌPG VJG $GCWVKHWN JCF VQ [KGNF VQ .QWKU VJG $CXCTKCP 6JG OQPCTEJ[ YCU NQUV VQ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU HQT QXGT [GCTU +P C FQEWOGPV HTQO VJG (TCWGPOÒPUVGTMNQUVGT QH <WTKEJ VJG CTGC QH EKTEWNCVKQP QH VJG <WTKEJ RHGPPKI YCU FGHKPGF )QVVJCTF 6JWTICW CPF #CTICW +P <QHKPIGP JQYGXGT VJKU OQPG[ YCU VQ DG WUGF YKVJKP VJG DQTQWIJ YCNNU QPN[ CPF PQV DG[QPF FGP CNNGKP <QXKPIGP KP FGT 4KPIOWT WPV\ PKV HWTDCU <QHKPIGP JCF VQ UVTKMG KVU QYP EQKPU VQ UVC[ QWV QH EQPHNKEV YKVJ <WTKEJ 6JKU EJCPIGF KP YJGP VJG *CDUDWTIGTU DQWIJV <QHKPIGP HTQO VJG EQWPVU QH (TQDWTI 6JGP VJG <QHKPIGT RHGPPKIU JCF VQ EQORGVG YKVJ VJG EQKPU QH VJG (TCWGPOÒPUVGTMNQUVGT PGCT .WEGTPG CPF VJQUG QH %GPVTCN 5YKV\GTNCPF #NN OCPPGT QH OKPV CITGG OGPVU YGTG OCFG WR VQ UQNXG VJGUG EQPVTQXGTUKGU .QPI CHVGT VJG 5GORCEJGT 9CT VJG #WUVTKCP FQOKPKQP QH VJG 7RRGT #CTICW ECOG VQ CP GPF CPF <QHKPIGP YGPV DCEM CICKP VQ UVTKMKPI EQKPU HQT KVU QYP VQYP CTGC 6JG EQWPEKN UQNF VJG OKPV KP

<1(+0)'0 (4+'&4+%* FGT 5%*¤0' CPF .'121.& +

2HGPPKI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP < 1 $GTIGT */< 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ VJKU URGEKOGP IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 'Z 9ÒVJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP 'Z ' %CJP EQNNGEVKQP +P -CV .GW QH 1EVQDGT VJ CVVTKDWVGF WPFGT PQ VQ &WMG #NDTGEJV ++ 2HGPPKI CHVGT # TGHGTGPEG KU OCFG VQ $T X 5VWOO PQ

#.$4'%*6 +++ .'121.& +++

4CRRGP # %TQYPGF JGNOGV YKVJ RGCEQEMŉU HGCVJGTU $GTIGT */< 5NI $QPJQHH 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI 8GTVTCI 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ #NDTGEJV +++ YKVJ VJG EQOOGPV VJCV VJG JGCX[ YGKIJV VJGTG IT OC[ RNCEG VJKU RHGPPKI KP VJG GCTN[ [GCTU QH .GQRQNF +++ 4GDGT +P -CV .GW QH 1EVQDGT VJ VJKU RHGPPKI KU ECNNGF #PIUVGT # TGHGTGPEG KU OCFG VQ 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ

378

SOLOTHURN

51.16*740 +P 3WGGP $GTVJC EQPUQTV QH -KPI 4WFQNH ++ QH $WTIWPF[ HQWPFGF VJG %JQTJGTTGPUVKHV ECPQPUÅ&#x2030; UGOKPCT[ 6JG OQPCUVGT[ KU VJQWIJV VQ JCXG JCF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV HTQO VJG UVCTV DWV VJCV KU PQV C RTQXGP HCEV 0GXGTVJGNGUU &WMG $GTVJQNF +8 OGPVKQPGF 5QNQVJWTP EQKPU KP 6JG GCTNKGUV RTQXCDNG EQKPU QH VJG VQYP YKVJ VJG JGCF QH 5V 7TUWU FCVG HTQO VJG VJ EGPVWT[ +P C FQEWOGPV FCVGF 0QXGODGT UV -KPI *GPT[ 8++ QH .WZGODWTI RNGFIGF VJG 5QNQVJWTP OKPV VQ 7NTKEJ XQP #CTDGTI +P VJG TKIJV QH OKPV YCU VTCPUHGTTGF QPEG CPF HQT CNN HTQO VJG IWCTFKCP 2GVGT XQP 6JQTDGTI VQ VJG VQYP 7PVKN VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 5QNQVJWTP UVTWEM WPKHCEG RHGPPKIU 6JGUG YGTG ENQUGN[ TGNCVGF VQ VJQUG QH $GTP 6JG OQPG[GT .WFYKI )UGNN YJQ YQTMGF KP 5QNQVJWTP CTQWPF YCU TGURQPUKDNG HQT VJG ETGCVKQP QH VJG $GTP DCV\GP UQOG VKOG NCVGT

$TCMVGCV # *GCF QH 5V 7TUWU N 84585 $GTIGT */< 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ 5NI $QPJQHH IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

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

$TCMVGCV VJ EGPVWT[ # #TOQWTGF JGCF QH 5V 7TUWU DGVYGGP 5 1 $GTIGT */< 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ VJKU URGEKOGP IT 44 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP W /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ EQNNGEVKQP PQ %QTTCIIKQPK 6H

2HGPPKI # #TOQWTGF DWUV QH 5V 7TUWU HCEKPI DGVYGGP 5 1 $GTIGT */< 5NI 9Ã&#x2019;VJTKEJ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN (TQO NKUV PQ PQ 'Z 5NI ' %CJP #TQWPF

(Ã&#x2019;PHGT VJ EGPVWT[ ! # 5JKGNF WPFGT GCING CPF DGVYGGP 5 1 Q /10'6 Q 51.1$14'05 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU YKVJ SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG 5#0%685 Q 84585 */< F IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV HGDT PQ

379

BERN

$'40 4Q[CN #HVGT (GFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUCŉU YGFFKPI VQ $GCVTKEG QH $WTIWPF[ KP &WMG $GTVJQNF +8 XQP <·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ÒPHVGT VJTGGU CPF HKXGU UVTWEM D[ C OQPG[GT HTQO 5CXQ[ +P $GTP KPVTQFWEGF VJG &KEMGP FGUKIPGF CHVGT VJG /KNCP VGUVQPU +P NKGW QH VJG GHHKI[ VJG RQTVTCKV QH VJG RCVTQP UCKPV QH VJG $GTP /KPUVGT 5V 8KPEGPV YCU EJQUGP $GTP YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG IQNFGP EQKPU D[ 2QRG 5KZVWU KP

$TCMVGCV CHVGT # $GCT N WPFGT JGCF HGCEKPI $GTIGT */< 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

*GUU &KXQ <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ

%KV[ (ÒPHGT EC # $GCT N WPFGT GCING „ /10'6# : $'40'05+5 „ 4 (NQTKCVGF ETQUU 5#0%685 : 8+0%'05+85 */< IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*GUU &KXQ <Ò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ÌNK DTQWIJV KV VQ $GTP CPF YCU TKEJN[ TGOWPGTCVGF 6JG JKIJN[ TGXGTGPEGF UKNXGT DWUV QH 5V 8KPEGPV CPF JKU TGNKEU FKUCRRGCTGF KPVQ VJG OKPVŉU OGNVKPI RQV KP

4QNNDCV\GP CHVGT # 5JKGNF QH $GTP WPFGT GCING /10'6# : $'40'05+5 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ CPING 5#0%685 : 8+0%'0%+85 */< D IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV FGE PQ $CV\GP $GV\ DGCT +P VJG 4QNNDCV\GP YCU KPVTQFWEGF CU C FQWDNG RNCRRCTV 6JKU GXGPV JCF ITGCV EQPUGSWGPEGU HQT $GTP CU YGNN CU HQT KVU OQUV TGOQVG QWVUMKTVU )GKIGT URGCMU QH HNQYGT KPUVGCF QH TQUG

380

RHEINAU-LUZERN

4*'+0#7 2TGUWOCDN[ VJG $GPGFKEVKPG OQPCUVGT[ 4JGKPCW QDVCKPGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV CNTGCF[ WPFGT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC %GTVCKPV[ QH VJKU TKIJV YCU GUVCDNKUJGF D[ C FQEWOGPV HTQO UVCVKPI KVU CEMPQYNGFIG OGPV D[ (TGFGTKEM ++ VQ #DDQV $WTEJCTF 'CTN[ KP %QWPV ,QJCPP XQP *CDUDWTI .CWHGPDWTI YCU ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV D[ -KPI 4WRTGEJV CPF JG QTFGTGF VJG UQ ECNNGF 5EJYCPJCNUGT UYCPŉU PGEMU VQ DG UVTWEM #HVGT JKU FGOKUG KP VJG UCOG [GCT VJG TKIJV RCUUGF VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ QPEG CICKP 9JGVJGT CP[ EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM CHVGTYCTFU TGOCKPU QDUEWTG

2HGPPKI VJ EGPVWT[ # (CDWNQWU ETGCVWTG <CO CPF .KQP /KZVWTG QH VJG CTOU QH 4JGKPCW CPF *CDUDWTI N UVCT KP HTQPV $GTIGT */< 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH (TGKDWTI #WEVKQP PQ 5GG % -GUVPGT VJ EGPVWT[ 9KGNCPF .CWHGPDWTI .CWHGPDWTIGT $GKUEJNCI 9ÒVJTKEJ

WPDGUVKOOVG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPFGHKPGF OKPV 6JKU DTCEVGCVG KU IGPGTCNN[ CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG OQPCUVGT[ 4JGKPCW 6JG JGCF UJQYU C UVTKMKPI TGUGODNCPEG VQ VJG .CWHGPDWTIGT .ÌYGPRHGPPKIGU +P VJGUG TGIKQPU VJG NKQP KU V[RKECN CU C U[ODQN QH VJG *CDUDWTIGTU

.7<'40 +P VJG OQPCUVGT[ 5V .GQFGICT YCU HQWPFGF CPF HCXQWTGF YKVJ IQQFU D[ 2KRRKP 6JG $GPGFKEVKPG OQPCUVGT[ HTQO %JQTJGTTGPUVKHV %CPQPUŉ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

VJG FGHGCV QH &WMG .GQRQNF +++ QH #WUVTKC CPF ECWUGF D[ VJG CIITGUUKXG RQNKVKEU QH .WEGTPG CICKPUV HQTGKIP TGUKFGPVU +P VJG GPF -KPI 5KIKUOWPF FGENCTGF .WEGTPG CP KORGTKCN HTGG EKV[ KP 6JG CKO YCU VQ QYP OKPV RTKXKNGIGU 6JGUG YGTG ITCPVGF D[ -KPI 5KIKUOWPF QP #WIWUV TF KP 2HQT\JGKO 6JG VQYP CEEQWPVU OGPVKQPGF CP COQWPV QH RQWPFU JGNNGT \W DWYGPV F\ OWPV\JWU 2TGUWOCDN[ CTQWPF VJG OKFFNG QH VJG HKTUV #PIUVGTU YGTG UVTWEM VQ DG HQNNQYGF HTQO D[ XCTKQWU QVJGT V[RGU

#PIUVGT # *GCF QH 5V .GQFGICT DGVYGGP . 8 */< E 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ 9KGNCPFV IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

-WPUV WPF /ÒP\GP .WICPQ /QPG[GT 6JQOCPP /QV\ FKGF .GQFGICT UVGOU HTQO C (TCPEQ DWTIWPFKCP PQDNG HCOKN[ KP 2QKVKGTU +P UWEEGUUKXG QTFGT JG YCU CDDQV QH 5V /CKZGPV CPF DKUJQR QH #WVWP *G YCU C TCDKF QRRQPCPV QH VJG OC[QT QH VJG RCNCEG 'DTQKP #HVGT VJG NCVVGTŉU FGCVJ JG DGECOG VJG CFXKUQT QH %JKNFGTKE ++ *G HGNN HTQO ITCEG GXGPVWCNN[ YCU DGJGCFGF CPF YKVJQWV FGNC[ YCU TGXGTGPEGF CU C OCTV[T

#PIUVGT # *GCF QH 5V .GQFGICT DGVYGGP . 8 */< C 5NI 9ÒVJTKEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5-# $GTP

381

ZÜRICH

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387

SALZBURG

#7564+# #WUVTKCP JKUVQT[ KP VJG /KFFNG #IGU KU C OCVVGT QH GZVTCQTFKPCT[ EQORNGZKV[ 6JG PCVKQP QH #WUVTKC CU YG MPQY KV VQFC[ FKFPÅ&#x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Ã&#x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Å&#x2030;U OCKP EKV[ 6JG EQKP KP (TKGUCEJ GOGTIGF DGVYGGP CPF KP VJG VKOG QH CTEJDKUJQR -QPTCF + QH #DGPDGTI 6JKU TKIJV QH OKPV IQGU DCEM VQ C RTKXKNGIG HTQO QH GORGTQT 1VVQ ++ HQT .KGFKPI KP VJG )WTM XCNNG[ 0QY CPF CICKP OKPVU YGTG UJCTGF YKVJ VJG FWMGU QH -CTKPVJKC 6JG GPF QH EQKPKPI KP (TKG UCEJ YCU CTQWPF QPN[ CTEJDKUJQR .GQPCTF QH -GWVUEJCEJ JCU OKPVGF KP (TKGUCEJ DGIKPPKPI

&WECN KUUWG *'04; +8

&GPCT PF V[RG # %TQYPGF DWUV T 5 Z Q # Q 7 +++ NKU 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU TKPI VJTGG RGNNGVU TKPI KP VJG CPINGU %85% 50% *CJP & :+ IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP &CPPGPDGTI *GPT[ +8 JGTG CU FWMG QH $CXCTKC +8 KP VJG VKOG JG YCU MKPI ++ GORGTQT UKPEG &QGUPÅ&#x2030;V CRRGCT KP %0# YKVJ VJGUG VGZVU 6JG OCKP TGUGODNCPEG KU # XCT & YKVJ TGHGTGPEG VQ *CJP

388

SALZBURG 'RKUEQRCN KUUWGU #&#.$'46

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM #.$'4685 '2 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QXGT HQWT TKPIU %0# % C IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CU WUWCN XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM '5+#'+595 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QXGT HQWT TKPIU %0# % C IT $TQCF CPF YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ '4+#%'05+5 $CWOICTVPGT 0\ PQ E CHVGT %0# #U '4+#%'05+5 KUUWG EJKGHN[ C ITQWR QH (TKGUCEJ RGPEG HTQO VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KU FGUKIPCVGF VJCV QP VJG QDXGTUG UJQY C DKUJQR YKVJ RCUVQTCN UVCHH CPF DQQM CPF VJG KPUETKRVKQP '4+#%'05+5 HQT VJG PCOG QH VJG OKPV (TKGUCEJ CPF VJCV FKURNC[ C EJWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU QP C HWTVJGT UETKRVNGUU TGXGTUG

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM #$%&'() 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQY GTU QXGT HQWT TKPIU %0# % C IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ %0# 6JGTG CTG XCTKCVKQPU VQ VJG '4+#%'05+5 KUUWG VJCV UJQY VJG HKTUV UGXGP TGUR VGP NGVVGTU QH VJG CNRJCDGV -CV 0WOKUOCVKEC 6JKU KPUETKRVKQP VJCV KU YJQNN[ KUQNCVGF KP CWUVTKCKECP /KFFNG #IG EQKPCIG UJQYU VJG HKTUV UGXGP NGVVGTU QH VJG CNRJCDGV $' E 44

'$'4*#4& ++

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # 5GCVGF DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUU CPF DQQM HCEKPI '$ '4*# 4& 5 '25 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU DGJKPF YCNN %0# % C . (T IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

*GTKPGM 9KGP

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

389

SALZBURG

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI '$'4*#4 &5 '25 4 6YQ DKUJQRÅ&#x2030;U JGCFU DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU QPG TKPI YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING %0# % C . (T IT )QQF RQTVTCKV XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ .WUEJKP X 'DGPITGWVJ VJKPMU VJKU V[RG +++ JCU DGGP UVTWEM

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM HCEKPI '$'4*#4 &5 '2 5 4 6YQ DKUJQRÅ&#x2030;U JGCFU DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU QPG TKPI YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING %0# % C . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VYQ GRKUEQRCN JGCFU CEEQTFKPI VQ .WUEJKP ECP DG PQPG QVJGT VJCP VJG 5CN\DWTI UCKPVU 4WRGTV CPF 8KTIKN

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF MG[ HCEKPI ' $'4 * #4&85 4 *GCF QH CP CPIGN DGVYGGP VYQ ITGCV YKPIU CPF WPFGT ETQUU (4+ 5#%* %0# % C . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $KUJQR YKVJ VYQ UYQTFU HCEKPI ' $'4 * 4 &85 '25 4 #PIGN YKVJ VYQ ITGCV YKPIU WPFGT VQYGT (4 + 5 #%* %0# % C . (T IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUKGT HCEKPI '$'4 *#4 &5 '25 4 $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU CDQXG %0# % C . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

390

SALZBURG

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # #TEJDKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF UYQTF HCEKPI 4 $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU UOCNN \KI \CI NKPG CDQXG YKVJ VYQ UOCNN VQYGTU %0# % C . (T IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ %0# IKXGU PQ QDXGTUG VGZV DWV VJGTG KU UQOG UETKRV JGTG 6JG ECVCNQIWG QH /ÒNNGT OGPVKQPU . (T YJKEJ KU C XCTKCPV 6JKU KU . (T

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # 5GCVGF DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU 4 $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR QXGT ETGUEGPV CPF DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU %0# % C . (T IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP +P O[ QRKPKQP VJG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG UVCTVU YKVJ 5 # YQWNFPŉV VJKU DG #FCNDGTV!

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # 5GCVGF DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF NKU 4 6YQ DWUVU QH DKUJQRU HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO %0# % C . (T IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ +P %0# QP VJG QDXGTUG C ETQUU KU UKVWCVGF CDQXG VJG JGCF CRRCTGPVN[ VJG DGIKPPKPI QH C VGZV *GTG KV TCVJGT TGUGO DNGU C ETGUEGPV OQQP QT C EKTENG #EEQTFKPI VQ -CV .CP\ VJG QDXGTUG UJQWNF TGCF (4+5#%85

2HGPPKI 2GVVCW # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ JCPF UVCT CDQXG '$' 4*# 4&85 '25 4 $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU UOCNN VQYGT CDQXG %0# % I . (T IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP 5VTWEM

(4'&'4+%- ++ XQP 9#.%*'0

2HGPPKI # *GCF YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU 4 4QUGVVG YKVJKP EKTENG QH NGCHU %0# # IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9GPGP #WEVKQP PQ

391

SALZBURG

47&1.2* XQP *1*'0'%-

2HGPPKI (TKGUCEJ # $WUV QH CP CPIGN WPFGT VQYGT DGVYGGP UWP CPF OQQP 4 &GGT T PQV XKUKDNG %0# % C . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #ESWKTGF D[ ,QCPPGWO )TC\ KP VJG [GCT UWTGN[ HTQO VJG 9KGTUVGKP JQCTF

-104#& XQP (1*05&14(

2HGPPKI # %TQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU QXGT JGCF YKVJ OKVTG 4 .KQP N %0# # IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG &QTCW $GTNKP

,1*#00 ++ XQP 4'+5$'4)

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF D %0# # IT

8GT[ HKPG

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF D %0# # IT

8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

(4'&'4+%- +8

2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF D YKVJKP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU 4 %TQUKGT DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU YKVJKP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU %0# # IT 8GT[ HKPG

5KGOGT *CODWTI

.'10#4& XQP -'765%*#%*

4Ã&#x2019;DGPDCV\GP # 6YQ UJKGNFU WPFGT CPF CDQXG . .'10#4& #4%*+'2+ â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 5#.% 4 $WUV QH 5V 4WRGTV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DCTTGN 5#0%685 â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 48&$'46 '285 $GTPJCTV 4QNN .GXKPUQP +8 2TQDU\V IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

392

FORMBACH

%17065 QH (14/$#%* 2ª66'0 +P VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ KP $CXCTKC VJTGG UKIPKHKECPV F[PCUVKGU CTG VQ DG FKUEGTPGF WPFGT YJKEJ VJG JQWUG QH (QTODCEJ 0GWDWTIGT VJG[ YGTG VJG JGKTU QH VJG JQWUG 9GNU .CODCEJGT KP .QYGT $CXCTKC 6JG[ YKGNFGF EQOKVCN RQYGT QXGT -ÒP\KPIICW VQ VJG TKIJV UKFG QH VJG &CPWDG DGVYGGP +UCT CPF 8KNU +P YKVJ VJG FGOKUG QH 'MDGTV +++ VJG F[PCUV[ DGECOG GZVKPEV CPF VJGKT VGTTKVQTKGU YGTG CDCPFQPGF VQ VJG #PFTGEJUGTU CPF VJG 1VCMCTU

'-$'46 ++ +++

&ÒPPRHGPPKI 0GWPMKTEJGP # 4QUGVVG YKVJ GKIJV NGCHU UKZ UOCNN TQUGVVGU CTQWPF HQWT YKVJ JGCFU CPF VYQ YKVJ C ETQUU 4 /QWPVGF MPKIJV YKVJ DCPPGT T %0# $ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

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

&+'64+%* CTQWPF

2HGPPKI 0GWPMKTEJGP # %JWTEJ YKVJ TQWPF ICDNG CPF VYQ VQYGTU ETQUU YKVJKP ICVG &45 & 64 ! 4 5GXGP UVCTU QXGT ETGUEGPV RGNNGVU KP HKGNF ++ +6 &++4:++&+ ! %0# $ IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

393

AUSTRIA

#7564+# .GQRQNF + OCTITCXG QH #WUVTKC DGICP VJG GTC QH VJG $CDGPDGTIU .GQRQNF +++ YGFFGF VQ #I PGU FCWIJVGT QH *GPT[ +8 GZRCPFGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ 7PFGT JKO VJG HKTUV EQKP YCU UVTWEM KP -TGOU 6Q YCTFU VJG GPF QH JKU TGKIP VJGTG YCU HKTUV OGPVKQP QH #WUVTKC 9JGP VJG $CDGPDGTIU UGK\GF RQYGT KP $CXCTKC #WUVTKCÅ&#x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

.'121.& 8

2HGPPKI -TGOU # (QWT CTEJGU YKVJ JGCFU ETQUU OCFG QH RGNNGVU KP EGPVTG 4 /QWPVGF MPKIJV T %0# $ IT 4 5OCNN JQNG KP VJG HNCP XGT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP -TGOU KU RTQDCDN[ VJG QNFGUV OKPV QH #WUVTKC CTQWPF $GHQTG VJCV VKOG VJGTG QPN[ JCF DGGP OKPVKPI KP 0GWP MKTEJGP UGG CDDG[ (QTODCEJ

(4'&'4+%- +

2HGPPKI -TGOU QT 9KGP # (QWT NKQPJGCFU KP SWCVTGHQKN YKVJ ETQUUGU DGVYGGP VJGO 4 'CING QP JQTUGDCEM %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG 8KGPPC OKPV FCVGU DCEM VQ WPFGT .GQRQNF 8

2HGPPKI 'PPU # 2CPVJGT YKVJ YKPIU N QP VJG GFIG 4 6YQ FTCIQPU ; CPF TQUGVVGU QP VJG GFIG %0# $ IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP UOCNN VTCEGU QH CP QXGTUVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI

394

AUSTRIA .'121.& 8+

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ GCINGU QXGT UVCT 4 #PKOCN T %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 'CING CPF RCPVJGT YKVJ ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO 4 .KQP N VCKN DGVYGGP JKU NGIU ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG %0# $ IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

#TQWPF

2HGPPKI 9KGP # -PGGNKPI CPIGN N YKVJ ETQUU 4 .KQP T YKVJ ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG %0# $ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CPF UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 'PPU # &GGT T ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG 4 2CPVJGT N ETQUUGU QP VJG GFIG %0# $ IT 5ETCVEJGU QP VJG TGXGTUG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # 2CPVJGT N 4 )TKHHQP N %0# $ IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG QVJGTYKUG XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

4'+%*58'49#.670)

2HGPPKI 9KGP # .KQP YKVJ UJKGNF CPF UYQTF N 4 'CING N %0# $ IT

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP %0# QPN[ UVCVGU CP GCING HCEKPI TKIJV QP VJG TGXGTUG

8GT[ HKPG

395

AUSTRIA

2HGPPKI 'PPU # 'CING N QXGT ETQYPGF JGCF 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N %0# $ IT .CP\ )TC\ 6JG PWODGTU WPVKN CTG HTQO QPG JQCTF %0# OGPVKQPU VJG GCING HCEKPI TKIJV QDXGTUG

8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 'PPU # 4QUGVVG 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N %0# $ IT

8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGP # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ NKU CPF QTD 4 'CING T %0# $ C IT 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 5GG TGOCTMU YKVJ PQ

24'/;5. 1661-#4 ++ &WTKPI VJG TGKIP QH 1VVQMCT ++ VJG VGTTKVQTKGU QH #WUVTKC 5V[TKC -CTKPVJKC CPF %CTPKQNC YGTG WPKVGF YKVJ $QJGOKC

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 5KZ NKU KP EKTENG 4 .KQP T 16# %*'4 %0# $ IT /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP +P O[ QRKPKQP VJG VGZV KU TGVTQITCFG

8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 9KGP # %TQUU YKVJKP HNQTCN QTPCOGPV 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

*·NDNKPI 9KGP # %TQYPGF FTCIQP T 4 5JKGNF YKVJKP HNQTCN QTPCOGPV %0# $ IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ .CP\ UVCVGU RTGUWOCDN[ CP QDQN

396

AUSTRIA

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 5VCT YKVJ ENQXGT KP VJG CPINGU 4 %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJ UVCTU QP VJG GFIG %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGP # $KTF N 4 #PKOCN N %0# $ IT

(KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

*·NDNKPI 9KGP # $KTF N 4 #PKOCN N %0# $ IT

4 8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 2CPVJGT YKVJ UYQTF N 4 %CRTKEQTP T %0# $ IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ %0# OGPVKQPU HQT VJG TGXGTUG KP HTQPV QH C VTGG! 0Q UWEJ VJKPI KU FKUEGTPCDNG JGTG 6JG DKTF QP VJG TGXGTUG DTKPIU C EJKEMGP VQ OKPF + FQWDV YKVJ TGURGEV VQ VJG YGKIJV VJCV VJKU TGCNN[ KU CP QDQN (QT GNWEKFCVKQP UGG PQ 1DQN TGRQTVGF D[ .CP\ 444 UGG CNUQ PQ

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 'CING HN[KPI N 4 5VCT YKVJKP QTPCOGPVCN GFIG %0# $ IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

*·NDNKPI 9KGP # 'CING HN[KPI N 4 5VCT YKVJKP QTPCOGPVCN GFIG %0# $ XCT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ %0# MPQYU PQ *·NDNKPI HTQO VJKU V[RG 5GG HQT GNWEKFCVKQP PQ

397

AUSTRIA

2HGPPKI 9KGP # *GCF N YKVJKP UVCT 4 %TQYPGF JGCF YKVJKP QTPCOGPVCN GFIG %0# $ C IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGP # %CRTKEQTP T 4 %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI %0# $ IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP %0# FQGUPŉV UGG CP[VJKPI WPFGT VJG DWUVG QH VJG MKPI QP VJG TGXGTUG *GTG UQOGVJKPI ECP DG FKUVKPIWKUJGF CPKOCN!

2HGPPKI 9KGP # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI 4 %TQYPGF JGCF YKVJ NKU CPF ETQUU WPFGT CTEJ %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ 5GG HQT GNWEKFCVKQP PQ

*·NDNKPI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # %TQYPGF JGCF DGVYGGP VYQ NGCHU 4 %TQYPGF FTCIQP N %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ (QT GNWEKFCVKQP UGG PQ 2TGUWOCDN[ CP QDQN %0# MPQYU QH PQ QDQN

2HGPPKI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # %TQYPGF JGCF QXGT VYQ NKU 4 %TQYPGF FTCIQP N %0# $ IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

47&1.2* XQP *#$5$74)

2HGPPKI 9KGP # %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJ NKU CPF QTD 4 'CING N PQV XKUKDNG %0# $ IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI

398

AUSTRIA

2HGPPKI 'PPU # &TCIQP N 4 &GGT N %0# $ IT

#NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI

#.$4'%*6 +

2HGPPKI 9KGP # &TCIQP T YKVJ VQYGT QP JKU DCEM 4 (KXG NKU KP EKTENG %0# $ IT (KPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGP # 5JKGNF WPFGT ETQUU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ NKQPU 4 6QYGT KP VTGHQKN %0# $ IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI 'PPU # $WUV T YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF QXGT UVCT CPF ETGUEGPV 4 2CPVJGT N %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP 5JQYP CV 6Q ,GTWUCNGO VJG FGCT LQWTPG[ QH C OGFKGXCN EQWPV .GKFGP *KNXGTUWO %0# TGRQTVU VJG NGVVGT 8 HQT VJG TGXGTUG KPUVGCF QH VJG VQYGT VJCV + FKUVKPIWKUJ

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # %QEM N 4 %TQYPGF FTCIQP N %0# $ IT

8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # %QEM N 4 %TQYPGF FTCIQP N %0# $ IT /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

399

AUSTRIA

#.$4'%*6 +++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI 9KGP # *GCF QH C %CRTKEQTP N %0# $ IT

#NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 8CTKCPV C FQV RTGEGFKPI VJG PGEM QH VJG KDGZ

#.$4'%*6 8

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF YKVJKP VTGHQKN #. $ V QPG UVCT KP GCEJ CPING %0# ( C IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI %0# (TQO ! OC[DG UVTWEM GCTNKGT

.#&+5.#75 2156*7/75

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI # 5JKGNF YKVJKP VTGHQKN ETQYP DGVYGGP . 4 QPG ENQXGT KP GCEJ CPING %0# ( C IT 8GT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI

(4'&'4+%- +++

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI 9KGP # 5JKGNF QH 9KGP KP VTGHQKN UWTTQWPFGF D[ 9 * 6 QPG ENQXGT KP GCEJ CP ING %0# ( C IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT *CWUIGPQUUGP 8KGPPC CRRTQZ 2GTKQF (TGFGTKEM +++ CHVGT 9 * 6 9KGPGT *CWUIGPQUUGP 6GUEJNGT 6GUEJNGT YCU VJG OKPV OCUVGT

-TGW\GT 9KGP # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING Ã± (4 4 +/2 # ' + 1 8 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10 018 #85 %0# ( C .GXKP UQP +8 IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

#WHJÂ·WUGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP 6JG NGVVGTU # ' + 1 8 FGPQVG #SWKNC GKWU KWUVG QOPKC XKPEKV #NN VJG YQTNF KU #WUVTKCÅ&#x2030;U UWDLGEV UGG ' 5 R 6JG JKUVQTKCP # .JQVUM[ EQNNGEVGF CDQWV FKHHGTGPV KPVGTRTGVCVKQPU QH VJGUG NGVVGTU

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # 5JKGNF KP VTGHQKN UWTTQWPFGF D[ ETQYP ( + QPG ENQXGT KP GCEJ CPING %0# ( C IT 8GT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI

400

AUSTRIA

-TGW\GT 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING (4+&4+% ยท 41/#0 +2 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU /10 018 %+8 %0# ( C .GXKPUQP +8 IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

)TQUEJGP )TC\ # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING YKVJ TQUGVVG DGVYGGP VJG JGCFU (4+ ยง &ยง ) ยง 4# ยง 41/#0148/ ยง +/2'4 4 (KXG UJKGNFU WPFGT ETQYP YKVJ # ' + 1 8 KP EGPVTG )415585 ยง # รผ )4'% ยง #0 ยง %0# ( D .GXKPUQP +8 IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ร PEJGP %QCVU QH CTOU TGXGTUG #DQXG VJG EQCVU QH CTOU QH 1NF CPF 0GY #WUVTKC #FNGT WPF $KPFGPUEJKNF WPFGT C ETQYP WPFGT VJG EQCVU QH CTOU QH -CTKPVJKC %CTPKQNC CPF 5V[TKC 2KEJNGT R PQ

-TGW\GT )TC\ # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING WPFGT ETQYP (4 4 +/2 # '+ 1 8 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10 018 56+ %0# ( D .GXKPUQP +8 IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ร PUVGT 2KEJN 2QJN +8

-TGW\GT )TC\ # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING WPFGT ETQYP (4 ร 4 ร +/2 ร # ร ' ร + ร 1 ร 8 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10 018 56+ %0# ( D .GXKPUQP +8 IT 4 (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

#WHJยทWUGT /ร PEJGP

-TGW\GT )TC\ # &QWDNG JGCFGF GCING WPFGT ETQYP (4 4 +/2 # ' + 1 8 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU YKVJ UJKGNF KP EGPVTG /10 018 56+ %0# ( D .GXKPUQP +8 IT 4 8GT[ HKPG #WHJยทWUGT /ร PEJGP 'Z &QTQVJGWO 9KGP

401

STEIERMARK

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

16#-#4 +8

2HGPPKI (KUEJCW # (KXG CTEJGU YKVJ NKU CV VJG GPF RGNNGVU 4 /QWPVGF OCP N 5 KP HKGNF %0# $ IT 8GT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

.'121.& 8+

2HGPPKI 2GVVCW # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ JCPF WPFGT UVCT ' $' 4*#4&85 '25 4 $WUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU YKVJ UVCT CPF ETQUU QP VQR QPG UOCNN VQYGT CDQXG %0# % I . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP /WVWCNN[ YKVJ DKUJQR 'DGTJCTF ++ QH 5CN\DWTI /KPV 2GVVCW #TQWPF FWMG .GQRQNF 8+ QH #WUVTKC CPF 5V[TKC RTQRQUGF VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH 5CN\DWTI 'DGTJCTF ++ VJCV JG VTCPUHGT JKU EQKPU VQ )TC\ KP VJG UCN\DWTIKCP 2GVVCW YJGTG C OWVWCN OKPV YCU VQ DG QRGTCVGF +P JKU FGETGG QH ,CPWCT[ 2QRG *QPQTKWU +++ NGXKGF VCZGU QP C RQVGPVKCN OKPV JKU TCVG YQWNF JCXG DGGP HCKT HQT OWVWCN EQKPKPI KPFGGF TGUWNVGF 6JG OWVWCN EQKPKPI KP 2GVVCW EQWNFPÅ&#x2030;V JCXG NCUVGF NQPI VJQWIJ DGECWUG CTQWPF C OKPV YCU GUVCDNKUJGF KP )TC\ %0#

2HGPPKI 2GVVCW # 5GCVGF FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ NKU &8: .+8 21.&8 4 $KUJQR HCEKPI CPF JQNFKPI VYQ VQYGTU %0# % I . (T IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP (QT GNWEKFCVKQP UGG PQ

$TÃ&#x2019;EMGPRHGPPKI )TC\ # $TKFIG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU JGCF CPF TQUGVVG DGVYGGP VJGO 4 .KQP T %0# & . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP %0# 6JG EQKP EQOOGOQTCVGU VJG EQORNGVKQP QH VJG DTKFIG QH 5VGKPDTÃ&#x2019;EM <KFCPK /QUV 5NQXGPKC CV VJG DGIKP PKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[Å&#x2030;U VYGPVKGU

402

STEIERMARK 24'/;5. ++ 1661-#4

2HGPPKI )TC\ # *GCF QH C MKPI CPF C DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VJGO 4 5JKGNF CPF NKU DG VYGGP VYQ RCPVJGTU %0# & . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ %QCV QH CTOU QH #WUVTKC $KPFGPUEJKNF

2HGPPKI 1DGT\GKTKPI # /QWPVGF MKPI YKVJ ETQUU T UVCTU KP HKGNF 4 2CPVJGT N %0# & IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT 6JG UCOG KNNWUVTCVKQP QH C OQWPVGF MKPI ECP DG HQWPF KP 0ÒTPDGTI PQ CPF $C[GTP PQ

47&1.2* XQP *#$5$74)

*CNDDTCMVGCV )TC\ # %TQYPGF DWUV 48& 1.( 4 'CING N %0# & IT 5OCNN FQWDNG UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP

2HGPPKI )TC\ # 'CING N &' : )4'+< %0# & IT

8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 6JGTG UJQWNF DG C TGXGTUG NGHV HCEKPI GCING TKPI QT TQUGVVGU 6JKU URGEKOGP KU C WPKHCEG

#.$4'%*6 +

2HGPPKI )TC\ QT 1DGT\GKTKPI # %TQUU DGVYGGP VYQ YKPIU UJKGNF CDQXG 4 %TQYP QXGT HNQTCN QTPC OGPV %0# & IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

2HGPPKI )TC\ QT 1DGT\GKTKPI # &GGT N YKVJ ENQXGT KP LCY 4 %QEM QT FTCIQP T %0# & IT 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 6JG TGXGTUG KNNWUVTCVKQP KU DCTGN[ FKUVKPIWKUJCDNG %0# IKXGU VYQ XKPGU YKVJ C ETQYP NKMG & $CWOICTVPGT IKXGU &TCIQP HCEKPI TKIJV 6JKU UGGOU NKMGN[

403

KÄRNTEN

- 406'0 -CTKPVJKC YCU C FWEJ[ DGIKPPKPI WPFGT 1VVQ ++ KV YCU VJG UKZVJ KP VJG 'ORKTG +PKVKCNN[ VJGTG YCU UQOG GZRCPUKQP NCVGT QP NCPFU YGTG CDCPFQPGF #HVGT JKU LQWTPG[ VQ %CPQUUC *GPT[ +8 JCF VQ TGVWTP XKC -CTKPVJKC VJG TQWVG XKC 5CN\DWTI YCU EWV QHH HQT JKO VJWU ECWUKPI -CTKPVJKC VQ HCNN VQ VJG 'RRGPUVGKPU 6JKU NCUVGF WPVKN CHVGT YJKEJ FQOKPCPEG QXGT -CTKPVJKC YCU RCUUGF VQ VJG 4JGKPHTCPMQPKCP JQWUG QH 5RCPJGKO WPVKN &WMG $GTPJCTF ++ HQTOGF VJG VTKCPING 5V 8GKV -NCIGPHWTV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV DWV YCUPŉV CDNG VQ KPEQTRQTCVG 8KNNCEJ )QXGTPOGPV YCU YGCM CPF VJG %QWPVU QH 6[TQN CPF )ÌT\ VTKGF VQ CESWKTG KORQT VCPV RCTVU QH -CTKPVJKC 6JG[ HCKNGF CPF NQUV VJG $CVVNG CV )TGKHGPDWTI KP KP YJKEJ $GTPJCTFŉU UQP #TEJDKUJQR 2JKNKR QH 5CN\DWTI RNC[GF C FGEKUKXG TQNG &WMG 7NTKEJ +++ YCU D[ OCTTKCIG VQ #IPGU QH #PFGEJU /GTCPKC CNUQ .QTF QH %CTPKQNC +P JG NGHV VJG NCPFU -CTKPVJKC CPF %CTPKQNC VQ JKU EQWUKP -KPI 2TGO[UN 1VVQMCT ++ QH $QJGOKC #HVGT 1VVQMCT FGOKUG KP 7NTKEJŉU DTQVJGT 2JKNKR YJQ JCF 5CN\DWTI UNKR HTQO JKU HKPIGTU HQT NCEM QH CPQKPVOGPV CPF EQWNFPŉV DGEQOG RCVTKCTEJ QH #SWKNGKC YCU IKXGP -CTKPVJKC %CTPKQNC CPF VJG 9GPFKUJ /CTM KP HKGH +P -KPI 4WFQNRJ ICXG /GKPJCTF ++ QH )ÌT\ 6[TQN -CTKPVJKC KP HKGH 6JG %QWPVU QH )ÌT\ 6[TQN JQYGXGT TGICTFGF -CTKPVJKC CU C UGEQPFCT[ VGTTKVQT[ &WMG *GPT[ 8+ KP JKU QHHKEG QH -KPI QH $QJGOKC CPF 2QNCPF KORQUGF UWDUVCPVKCN VCZGU QP -CTKPVJKC 6[TQN YCU KPJGTKVGF D[ JKU FCWIJVGT /CTICTGVJC /CWNVCUEJ CHVGT YJKEJ -CTKPVJKC CPF %CTPKQNC HGNN VQ VJG JQWUG *CDUDWTI

7.4+%* +

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # %TQYPGF FWMG UVCPFKPI DGVYGGP VYQ TKPIU YKVJ UYQTF CPF DCPPGT 4 6YQ DWUVU YKVJ UVCHH DGVYGGP VJGO QXGT VYQ ETQUUGU -TGW\MPQRH %0# % D IT 44 9GNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP 9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ

/WVWCN EQKPKPI QH 7NTKEJ + CPF %QWPV $GTPJCTF QH /CTDWTI #NUQ UGG PQ

*'+04+%* 8

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # $GCTFGF FWMG YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI DGVYGGP VQ RGNNGV KP CPPWNGVU 4 6YQ DWUVU YKVJ UVCHH DGVYGGP VJGO QXGT VYQ HCEGU %0# IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG (KPG RQTVTCKVU XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ &WMG 7NTKEJ + TCVJGT VJCP &WMG *GPT[ 8 .QQM WR KP $CWOICTVPGT (TÒJ\GKV FGT HTKGUEJKUEJG 2HGPPKIG KP %CTKPVJKC + %CV 2GWU UJQYU 7NTKEJ + CPF %QWPV $GTPJCTF

7.4+%* ++

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %0# % D . (T IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

404

KÄRNTEN

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 %CUVNG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU UVCT DGVYGGP VJGO %0# % D IT 8GT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG JGCF QH VJG FWMG NQQMU NKMG C TCO

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI 4 5V[NK\GF YCNN YKVJ VQYGTU %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP

$'40*#4&

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # $WUV QH VJG FWMG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF &8 : % #4+0 6*+' 4 *GCF QH 5V 8KVWU 5#06 8'+6 %0# % D IT 8GT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP 1P VJG QDXGTUG VGZV OCP[ NGVVGTU CTG NGIKDNG DWV KV UGGOU NKMG VJGTG CTG OQTG NGVVGTU

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # $WUV QH VJG FWMG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF &8: %#4+0%+' 4 (QWT ETQUUGU ETQUU UJCRGF CTQWPF UOCNN ETQUU 5#0%685 %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ VYQ HNCIU &8: $'40#46 4 $WUV WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VYQ NKU ETQUU CDQXG %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF HNCI &8: $'40#4 &85 4 %TQYPGF NCOD YKVJ ETQUU %0# % D . (T IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP

405

KÄRNTEN

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # #TOQWTGF FWMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING 5#0%685 %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # #TOQWTGF FWMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING 5# 0 %68 5 %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # %TQYPGF DWUV QH VJG FWMG YKVJ QPG NKU KP GCEJ JCPF 4 9KPIGF NKQP N 5#0%685 %0# % D . (T IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF 4 5VCT YKVJ UKZ TC[U QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 5#0%685 %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

2HGPPKI .CPFUVTC # .KQP N YKVJ ETQUU .#0&'56415 4 2CNO VTGG DGVYGGP VYQ DWUVU QXGT YCNN TKPI QXGT GCEJ JGCF %0# % P . (T IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI .CPFUVTC # .KQP N YKVJ ETQUU .#0&'56415 4 2CNO VTGG DGVYGGP VYQ DWUVU QXGT YCNN TKPI QXGT GCEJ JGCF %0# % P . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

406

KÄRNTEN

2HGPPKI .CPFUVTC # .KQP N YKVJ ETQUU .#0&'56415 4 2CNO VTGG DGVYGGP VYQ DWUVU QXGT YCNN TKPI QXGT GCEJ JGCF %0# % P . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

2HGPPKI .CKDCEJ .LWDNLCPC # &WMG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF ETQUU KP HKGNF $ '40#4&85 4 $WUV YKVJ VYQ NKU WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU %0# % O . (T IT 4 (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ %0# #EEQTFKPI $CP 5 VJKU KUUWG UVGOU HTQO VJG OKPV .CKDCEJ HTQO VJG RGTKQF DGVYGGP CPF CV VJG NCVGUV 6JG OKPV .CKDCEJ OC[ JCXG DGGP GUVCDNKUJGF CTQWPF CPF YCU QRGTCVKQPCN WPFGT &WMG $GTPJCTF CPF 7NTKEJ +++ QH -CTKPVJKC .CKDCEJ EQKPU CTG EGTVKHKCDN[ TGRQTVGF HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG

7.4+%* +++

2HGPPKI 5V 8GKV # *GCF QH VJG FWMG N YKVJ NKU KP HTQPV 4 2CPVJGT %0# % D . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ *QCTF QH 2ÌNU D ' $CWOICTVPGT <WO /ÒP\HWPF XQP 2ÌNU /¤0) $F 8+ 5 HH

2*+.+22 XQP -#4+06*+# CTQWPF

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ UJKGNFU CPF WPFGT CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG %0# % E . (T IT 4 0KEG RCVKPC CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ %0# 6JKU V[RG EQWNF KPFKECVG 2JKNKRR QH -CTKPVJKC CTQWPF CU KUUWKPI NQTF

24'/;5. 1661-#4 ++

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # %TQYPGF NKQP N YKVJ VYQ RGNNGVU %0# % E . (T IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO .CP\ CWEVKQP PQ

2*+.+22

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # 9CNN YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU NKQP YKVJ UJKGNF N RGNNGV CDQXG %0# % E . (T IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\

407

KÄRNTEN /'+0*#4& XQP )¤4< 6;41. CU 4GKEJUXGTYGUGT

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # &GGT T %0# % E . (T IT

4 8GT[ HKPG

8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # 2CPVJGT N KP HTQPV QH UOCNN VQYGT %0# % E . (T IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # &GGT T %0# % E . (T IT .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (QT VJG NQTFUJKR WPFGT YJQ VJG PWODGTU CPF YGTG KUUWGF CRCTV HTQO /GKPJCTF CNUQ VJG UQPU QH -KPI 4WFQNRJ #NDTGEJV CPF 4WFQNRJ JCXG VQ DG EQPUKFGTGF %0#

1661 +++

2HGPPKI 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # 5EGRVTG DGVYGGP VYQ DKUJQRŉU JGCFU 5V 4WRGTV CPF 5V 8KTIKN QXGT YCNN 4 5VCT YKVJKP ETQUU QH TQUGVVGU VYQ EKTENGU QH RGNNGVU %0# % E . (T IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #ESWKTGF HTQO ,QCPPGWO )TC\ KP VJG [GCT HTQO VJG JQCTF 9KGTUVGKP %0# $QVJ GRKUEQRCN RQTVTCKVU OKIJV UJQY VJG UCKPVU 4WRGTV CPF 8KTIKN 2CVTQP UCKPV QH VJG QNF EQNNGIKCVKE EJWTEJ CV 8ÌNMGTOCTMV YCU VJG JQN[ 4WRGTV CPF VJG EJCRVGT CEMPQYNGFIGF VJG JQN[ 8KTIKN CU HQWPFGT

2HGPPKI 8ÌNMGTOCTMV # 5EGRVTG DGVYGGP VYQ DKUJQRŉU JGCFU 5V 4WRGTV CPF 5V 8KTIKN QXGT YCNN 4 6YQ CPKOCNU %0# % E XCT . (T XCT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 4GXGTUG %0# QPN[ IKXGU UVCT KP C YTGCVJ QH TKPIU CPF TQUGVVGU UGG PQ 6JKU TGXGTUG QDXKQWUN[ FKHHGTU

408

ANDECHS-MERANIEN

$+5*125 QH $#/$'4) 6JG FKQEGUG $CODGTI YCU HQWPFGF KP D[ *GPT[ ++ *G DGUVQYGF OCP[ UKIPKHKECPV RTQRGTVKGU QP VJG FKQEGUG UQOG PGCTD[ UQOG FKUVCPV 4CVJGT FKUVCPV YCU HQT KPUVCPEG VJG NCTIG DGUVQYCN KP -CTKPVJKC QH VJG RNCEGU 8KNNCEJ CPF 9QNHUDGTI D[ YJKEJ *GPT[ ++ CKOGF VQ UCHGIWCTF VJG RCUUCIG VJTQWIJ VJG ,WNKCP #NRU -KPI *GPT[ +8 QP (GDTWCT[ EQPHGTTGF VQ DKUJQR )ÒPVJGT QH $CODGTI VJG TKIJV QH OKPV HQT 8KNNCEJ CPF KP 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM + $CTDCTQUUC CNNQYGF $KUJQR *GPT[ QH $CODGTI VQ OKPV KP )TKHHGP +P VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJGTG YCU OKPVKPI KP )TKHHGP $GVYGGP CPF KP 'CUV -CTKPVJKC CRCTV HTQO FQWDNG HCEGF EQKPU DTCEVGCVGU YGTG UVTWEM KP VJG FWECN OKPV 8KNNCEJ CPF KP VJG GRKUEQRCN OKPV QH )TKHHGP

$'46*1.& XQP .'+0+0)'0

$TCMVGCV )TKHHGP # *GCF QH C DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ GCINGU CPF VYQ UVCTU %0# % G . (T IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

#0&'%*5 /'4#0+# *QWUG HTQO 9GUV $CXCTKC VJCV PCOGF KVUGNH CHVGT KVU UGCV KP VJG ECUVNG #PFGEJU CV #OOGTUGG KP 6JG GCTN[ JKUVQT[ TGOCKPU WPENGCT (TQO %QWPV $GTVJQNF +++ QH #PFGEJU Ŏ HCOKN[ JKUVQT[ UWT HCEGU 1TKIKPCN VGTTKVQT[ CDQXG VJG .GEJ CPF WPFGT VJG +UCT NCVGT CNUQ VJG 7RRGT /CKP #TGC 6[TQN UKPEG EQPVTQNNGF VJG RCUUCIGU KP VJG (TCPMGPYCNF VJG $TGPPGT CPF $TKZGP %QWPV $GTVJQNF +8

Ŏ YCU DGSWGCVJGF VJG EQWPVKGU QH 0GWDWTI 5EJ·TFKPI CPF 9KPFDGTI D[ VJG JQWUG (QTODCEJ +P JG YCU IKXGP +UVTKC KP HKGH D[ 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM + $CTDCTQUUC CPF YCU GNGXCVGF KP D[ $CT DCTQUUC VQ FWMG QH /GTCPKC /GTCPKC KU VJG RCTV QH VJG #FTKCVKE EQCUV PGCT -XCTPGT CTQWPF 4KLGMC

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

1661 ++ XQP (4'+5+0)

2HGPPKI )WVGPYGTV # #PIGN HCEKPI 4 %TQUU WPFGT JGCF QH 5V #PVQPKWU CPF QPG TQUG KP GCEJ CPING %0# % L IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

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ŉU PCOG /C[DG VJG VJG (TGKUKPI HKGHU YGTG TGXQMGF D[ VJG FKQEGUG CV VJCV UVCIG NCVGT JQYGXGT VJG[ YGTG TGVWTPGF 6JG DKUJQR QH (TGKUKPI OKIJV JCXG JCF C FGEKUKXG KPHNWGPEG QP OKPVKPI KP )WVGPYGTV KP VJGUG [GCTU

409

ANDECHS-MERANIEN *'+04+%* +8

0GW (QVQITCHKGTGP

2HGPPKI 9KPFKUEJITC\ # 5GCVGF CPIGN YKVJ NKU )4#%'05'5 4 $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU YKVJ HNCIU %0# % J . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ò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ŋ5GXPGTŌ 2GPEG YJKEJ YGTG TGRGCVGFN[ TGRQTVGF KP EGTVKHKECVGU UVCTVKPI VJGTG YGTG CP[ KUUWGU HTQO 9KPFKUEJITC\ CPF YJGVJGT VJKU OKPV EQKPGF CV CNN KP VJGUG [GCTU

2HGPPKI )WVGPYGTV # #TOQWTGF MPKIJV UVCPFKPI YKVJ NKU CPF HCNEQP 4 $WUV CPF GCING QXGT YCNN UVCT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CDQXG %0# % L . (T IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG 9CIPGT -NCIGPHWTV

.'121.& 8+

2HGPPKI )WVGPYGTV # $KUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ ETQUU CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF '4' &85 #'5 *% 4 $WUV CPF NKQP QXGT YCNN VJTGG RGNNGVU DGVYGGP VJGO UVCT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CDQXG %0# % L . (T XCT IT 4 9GNN UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ /WVWCN EQKPKPI D[ 2CVTKCTEJ $GTVJQNF QH #SWKNGLC Ŏ CPF (TGFGTKEM ++ QH 5V[TKC Ŏ %QKP YCU UVTWEM WPFGT ENGTIKECN NQTFUJKR CHVGT 6JG KPUETKRVKQP QP VJG QDXGTUG KU TGOKPKUEGPV QH $KUJQR 'DGTJCTF YJQ OKPVGF KP 2GVVCW VQIGVJGT YKVJ .GQRQNF 8+ UGG PQ 5GGOU KPEQPUKUVGPV YKVJ VJG RCVTKCTEJ

1661 8++ XQP #0&'%*5 /'4#0+# Ŏ

2HGPPKI )WVGPYGTV # .KQP N QXGT GCING %4# 5#5 4 6QYGT QP OQWPVCKP DGVYGGP VYQ GCINGU %0# % L . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT (QNNQYKPI /GVECNH VJG QDXGTUG VGZV UJQWNF TGCF %4#5'05+5

410

KRAIN $'46*1.& XQP #37+.'+#

2HGPPKI 9KPFKUEJITC\ # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU 4 $WUV QH C DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU TKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CDQXG %0# % J . (T IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU CPF KPM FTCYKPI HKPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

*·NDNKPI 9KPFKUEJITC\ # 5GCVGF DKUJQR HCEKPI YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU 4 $WUV QH C DKUJQR DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU TKPI DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU CDQXG %0# % J C . (T IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP 2CVTKCTEJ $GTVJQNF QH #SWKNGKC LQKPVN[ QYPGF 9KPFKUEJITC\ CPF KP CESWKTGF KV GZENWUKXGN[

2HGPPKI 9KPFKUEJITC\ # 'CING N QXGT CTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF UVCT YKVJKP 4 #PIGN QXGT CTEJ YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF UVCT YKVJKP %0# % J . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ .WUEJKP CVVTKDWVGU VJKU EQKP VQ 'DGTJCTF ++ CPF (TKGUCEJ DGECWUG KV GOGTIGF KP VJG HKPF QH #DC 2WU\VC RKGEGU #NUQ CRRGCTGF .W KP VJG HKPF QH 2¾E\GN RKGEGU 0Q OGPVKQP KP /GVECNH 6JKU RKGEG RTGUGPVU PQ GXKFGPEG HQT (TKGUCEJ PQT HQT 'DGTJCTF ++ #VVTKDWVKQP TCVJGT UJQWNF DG VQ 2GTEJVQNFWU VJG 2CVTKCTEJ QH #SWKNGKC 5KOKNCT VQ VJG URGEKOGP KP VJG OWUGWO QH $WFCRGUV VJG TGXGTUG TGCFU 2'4% #+# # KPXGTVGF 8 6JG CPIGNŉU JGCF CDQXG C ETGUEGPV OQQP CFLQKPGF D[ C UVCT CU YGNN CU VJG GCING DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU CTG /GTCPKCP U[O DQNU CNUQ VJG XGT[ UOCNN RTKPV

' $CWOICTVPGT $GKVT·IG \WO (TKGUCEJGT /ÒP\YGUGP 0WO <GKVUEJT R

-4#+0 (KTUV C RTKPEKRCNKV[ VJGP C OCTITCXKCVG CPF HKPCNN[ C FWEJ[ %CTPKQNC EJKGHN[ NC[ KP RTGUGPV FC[ 5NQXGPKC +V DQTFGTGF QP (TKCWN )Ì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ÌT\ 6[TQN KP )TCFWCNN[ VJG JQWUG QH *CDUDWTI CESWKTGU RCTVU QH %CTPKQNC +P &WMG 4WFQNRJ +8 QH #WUVTKC CUUWOGF VJG VKVNG QH FWMG QH %CTPKQNC VJWU UKNGPVN[ GNGXCVKPI VJG FQOKPKWO VQ FWEJ[ +P VJG UV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ UGXGTCN RNCEGU TQUG VQ UKIPKHECPEG CU HQT KPUVCPEG .CKDCEJ .LWDNLCPC

%.'4+%#. /+06 CTQWPF

2HGPPKI # $WUV QH VJG DKUJQR YKVJ ETQUU CPF DQQM 8/ 4 *GCF QXGT VJTGG TKPIU YKVJ ETQUUGU JCPIKPI CV VJGO %0# % T . (T IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

9CIPGT -NCIGPHWTV

411

TIROL %.'4+%#. QT 5'%7.#4 /+06

2HGPPKI # $KUJQR UVCPFKPI YKVJ VYQ ETQUUGU 4 #PIGN QXGT DCVVNGOGPVGF YCNN %0# % T . (T IT 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

2HGPPKI # -PKIJV UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF NCPEG 4 #PIGN QXGT DCVVNGOGPVGF YCNN CPF DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU %0# % T . (T IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

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

#FNGTITQUEJGP /GTCP # 'CING T %1/'5 ^ 6;41. 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF &' /# 4# 01 %0# , %06/ / IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG 5JQYP KP 6Q ,GTWUCNGO VJG FGCT LQWTPG[ QH C OGFKGXCN EQWPV .GKFGP *KNXGTUWO

/'+0*#4& ++ 1661 .17+5 *'04;

#FNGTITQUEJGP <YCP\KIGT /GTCP # .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QXGT UOCNN ETQUU /' +0 #4 &85 4 'CING N %1/'5 :::: 6;41. %0# , %06/ / IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG , 8CTKCPV

412

TIROL

.'121.& +8

8KGTGT /GTCP # 5JQTV ETQUU YKVJ QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING .821 : .&85 4 'CING N %1/'5 : 6+41. %0# , %06/ / IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP VTCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG .CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

5+)+5/70&

-TGW\GT /GTCP # %TQYPGF GCING N %1/'5 Ő : Ő 6;41. 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QP UJQTV ETQUU UOCNN UVCT KP VJG UV CPING 5+)+5/80&85 %0# , %06/ / IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG

-TGW\GT *CNN # %TQYPGF GCING N %1/'5 6+41. 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QP UJQTV ETQUU 5+)+5/80&85 %0# , %06/ / /GTCP IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GTKPGM 9KGP &KG UKPMGT - /KEJGNHGNFGT UGG - /QUGT &YQTUEJCM KU VJKU CEEWTCVG! JCU C NQ\GPIG KPUVGCF QH C CU KPVGTRWPEVWCVKQP KP O[ QRKPKQP PQ

5GEJUGT *CNN # %TQYPGF DWUV T YKVJ UEGRVTG 5+)+5/80& #4%*+&8: #8564+' 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING )415 %1/+6+5 6;41. / 6 IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG #JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO 6JG UJKGNFU CTG ¤UVGTTGKEJ -·TPVGP 5VGKGTOCTM 6KTQN

/#:+/+.+#0 +

'VUEJMTGW\GT *CNN # 'CING N %1/'5 Z 6;41. 4 .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF QP UJQTV ETQUU #4%*+&8: Z +..864+5+ 'II $ / 6 IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP

413

GÖRZ

5GEJUGT *CNN # %TQYPGF DWUV T YKVJ UEGRVTG /10'6# #4%*+&8%ŉ #8564+' 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING #% %1/+6#6+5 6+41.+5 'II $ / 6 IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5GEJUGT *CNN # %TQYPGF DWUV T YKVJ UEGRVTG /10'6# #4%*+&8% #8564+' 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ QPG UJKGNF KP GCEJ CPING #% %1/+6#685 6;41.+5 'II % / 6 IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ /CPWHCEVWTGF D[ FKG UKPMGT $GPGFKMV $WTMJCTV

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

)¤4< (QWPFGF 1TKIKPU PQV YJQNN[ ENGCT 1H UKIPKHKECPEG YCU VJG DQPF YKVJ VJG RCVTKCTEJ[ QH #SWKNGKC 6JKU RCVTKCTEJ[ RTQXKFGF VJG HKGHU KP (TKCWN CPF +UVTKC DWV CNUQ VJG ECUVNG )ÌT\ YJKEJ YCU VJG HCOKN[ UGCV %QWPV 'PIGNDGTV ++ OCTTKGF /CVJKNFG QH #PFGEJU 2KUKPQ CPF /GKPJCTF +++ YGFFGF #FGNJGKF FCWIJVGT QH EQWPV #NDGTV +++ QH 6[TQN 6JG[ DQVJ VQQM ECTG QH GZVGPFKPI VJG EQWPV[ 6JG UQP /GKPJCTF ++ +8 QH )ÌT\ 6[TQN OCPCIGF VQ ICKP XKTVWCNN[ VJG YJQNG QH 6[TQN CPF CFF KV VQ )ÌT\ +P VJG VTGCV[ VJCV FKXKFGF VJG RQUUGUUKQPU DGVYGGP JKO CPF JKU [QWPIGT DTQVJGT #NDGTV /GKPJCTF ++ MGRV VJG EQWPV[ 6[TQN #NDGTV VJG ECUVNG )Ì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ŋ/CTICTGVJG /CWNVCUEJŌ TGVCKPGF 6[TQN *GT QPN[ UQP FKGF JGKTNGUU CPF KP 6[TQN YGPV VQ 4WFQNRJ +8 QH #WUVTKC +P VJG /GKPJCTFKPIGT NKPG GPFGF 6JG #NDGTVKPKCP NKPG RNC[GF C RCTV QH OKPQT UKIPKHKECPEG KP VJG TGOQVG -TCU TGIKQP #U VJG EQWPV[ )ÌT\ HGNV VJTGCVGPGF D[ PGCTD[ 8GPKEG VJG TGUKFGPEG YCU TGRNCEGF VQ VJG ECUVNG $TWEJ PGCT .KGP\ YJGTG EQKPKPI JCF DGGP RTCEVKEGF UKPEG 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 KP CRRQKPVGF /GKPJCTF 8++ RTKPEG QH VJG GORKTG DWV JKU DTQVJGT #NDGTV +8 DGSWGCVJGF VJG EQWPV[ 2KUKPQ CPF VJG GUVCVGU KP VJG 9GPFKCP /CTM VQ VJG *CDUDWTIGTU KP +P VJG DCVVNG YKVJ VJG EQWPVU QH %KNNK XKTVWCNN[ CNN VGTTKVQTKGU YGTG NQUV UQNGN[ .KGP\ YCU TGVCKPGF CHVGT CP WRTKUKPI KP 6JG NCUV EQWPV QH )ÌT\ .GQPJCTF CVVGORVGF VQ YKP -CTKPVJKC DCEM DWV KP XCKP 5JQTVN[ DGHQTG JKU FGCVJ KP JG UKIPGF C JGTGFKVCT[ CITGGOGPV YKVJ /CZKOKNKCP +

.'10#4&

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414

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8KGTGT .KGP\ # 5JKGNF QH )ÌT\ : .'10*#4&85 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG TQUGVVG KP GCEJ CPING : %1/'5 )14+%+ %0# - %06/ .K IT 4 8GTFKITKU CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

/#:+/+.+#0 +

8KGTGT .KGP\ # 5JKGNF QH )ÌT\ %1/'5 ã )14+%+' 4 5JKGNF QH #WUVTKC #4%*+ &8%+5 Q 'II $ PQ TKPI / 6 IT 4 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

#7564+# QT $1*'/+# /14#8+# +V KU PQV UWTG YJGTG VJG HQNNQYKPI VYQ EQKPU DGNQPI VQ 6JG[ CTG PQV KP %0# QT %CEJ DWV UGGO VQ DG UKOKNCT VQ EQKPU HTQO /QTCXKC CPF #WUVTKC 2TQDCDN[ VJGUG CTG KOKVKCVKQPU QH ŋ9KGPGT 2HGPPKIGPŌ HTQO VJG /QTCXKCP TGIKQP

7PURGEKHKGF /KPV $TCMVGCV # 6YQ DKTFU YKVJ ETQYP DGVYGGP VJGO %CEJ EH %0# IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

%QPVTCT[ VQ OCP[ #WUVTKCP DTCEVGCVGU VJKU EQKP KU QH C HKPG EWV 6JG YKPIU CTG UJQYP KP C OCPPGT YG TGEQIPKUG HTQO PQ YJKEJ RWVU KV KP *CDUDWTI FC[U #PQVJGT ENWG RQKPVKPI KP VJG UCOG FKTGEVKQP KU RTQXKFGF D[ VJG ETQYP YJKEJ VQQ KU V[RKECN *CDUDWTI UV[NG +V KU VJGTGHQTG PQV CNVQIGVJGT KORQUUKDNG VJCV VJKU EQKP UVGOU HTQO VJ EGPVWT[ #WUVTKC

$TCMVGCV # *GCF HCEKPI WPFGT FQWDNG JGCFGF GCING %CEJ EH %0# EH $ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(KPF QH /KZPKV\ 5VGKGTOCTM 6JKU EQKP YCU RWDNKUJGF D[ &YQTUEJCM CPF (TKGFKPIGT 'KP $TCMVGCVGPHWPF CWU 5VGKGTOCTM 0WO <GKVUEJTKHV PGWG (QNIG VJ XQNWOG R GV UGSS 6CDNG 8++ WPFGT PQ RTQXKFGU C RKEVWTG QH VJKU EQKP &YQTUEJCM CPF (TKGFKPIGT EQOOGPV CU HQNNQYU &KGUGT $TCMVGCV YGKUV UQYQJN /GTMOCNG ¤UVGTTGKEJU YKG CPFGTGT .·PFGT CWH WPF FQEJ UVGNNGP UKEJ GKPGT DGHTKGFKIGPFGP <WVGKNWPI DKUJGT PQEJ PKEJV DGUGKVKIVG *KPFGTPKUUG GPVIGIGP 0T JCV 2CTCNNGNUVÒEMG KP .WUEJKP 0T WPF UQYKG KP DÌJOKUEJGP )GRT·IGP FGU (WPFGU XQP 6TGONGU #O P·EJUVGP UVGJV KJO CDGT PQEJ FGT XQP .WUEJKP 9KGPGT /ÒP\YGUGP 5 CDIGDKNFGVG 4GIGPUDWTIGT 2HGPPKI CWU FGO (WPFG XQP 0KGFGT 4CPPC YCU YKGFGT HÒ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ÒP\YGUGP R YJKEJ YQWNF KPFKECVG C FCVG QH CTQWPF HQT VJG 5V[TKCP JQCTF 6JWU UGXGTCN NGCFU RQKPV VQYCTFU VJG &QPCW YCVGTUJGF HQT VJG QTKIKP QH VJKU DTCEVGCVG 6JKU EQKP VQ O[ OKPF DGCTU ITGCV TGUGODNCPEG VQ PQ YJKEJ YCU UVTWEM D[ $KUJQR 1VVQ XQP (TGKUKPI .CVGT VJKU VJGQT[ QH &YQTUEJCM CPF (TKGFKPIGT YCU FKUECTFGF 6JKU RKGEG CNUQ ECOG WR KP VJG JQCTF QH /KZPKV\ -QEJŉU EQOOGPV KP )TWPF\ÒIG GKPGT OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP 9·JTWPIUIGQITCRJKG ¤UVGTTGKEJU KP 0WO <GKVUEJTKHV R KU CU HQNNQYU &KG /ÒP\GP CWU FGO (WPF XQP /KZPKV\ DGK $TWEM CP FGT OWJT MÌPPGP OGKPGU 'TCEJVGPU PKEJV CNU #WUFTWEM HÒT FGP YKTMNKEJGP )GNFWONCWH KP FGT 5VGKGTOCTM JGTCPIG\QIGP YGTFGP FC FKGUG (KPFNKPIG FQEJ CWGTÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJT 2TQXGPKGP\ WPF WPVGT CWGTIGYÌJPNKEJGP 7OUV·PFGP FGO UVGKTKUEJGP $QFGP CPXGTVTCWV YQTFGP UGKP FÒTHVGPŋ 6JG EQKPU QH VJG JQCTF QH /KZPKV\ PGCT $TÒEM CP FGT /WJT ECPPQV DG VCMGP CU GZGORNCT[ QH VJG CEVWCN EKTEWNCVKQP QH OQPG[ KP 5V[TKC HTQO O[ RQKPV QH XKGY CU VJGUG RKGEGU YGTG CVVTKDWVGF VQ OKPVU QWVUKFG QH #WUVTKC CPF YKVJKP 5V[TKC WPFGT VJG OQUV GZVTCQTFKPCT[ EKTEWOUVCPEGU

415

BOHEMIA

$1*'/+# 9JGP VJG $QKK CV VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ $% UGV WRQP VJGKT LQWTPG[ GCUVYCTF CPF NGHV VJGKT JQOGNCPF )CWN VJG[ FKXKFGF WR KPVQ C UQWVJGTP DTCPEJ VJCV GPFGF KP $QNQIPC UGG VJGTG CPF C PQTVJGTP DTCPEJ NGCFKPI VQ $QKQJGOWO VJG NCPF DGVYGGP /QNFCW CPF 'NDG NGIGPF JCU KV VJCV QP VJG GXG QH VJGKT LQWTPG[ VJG[ EQPUWNVGF VJG JQN[ DKTF CPF HQNNQYGF KV YJGP KV JCF VCMGP WR HNKIJV KP CPUYGT 6JG PCOG $QJGOKC FGTKXGU HTQO VJG $QKK YKVJ %GEJ[ DGKPI KVU 5NCXKE PCOG +P VJG FC[U CHVGT %JCTNGOCIPG /QTCXKC YCU QH EQPUKFGTCDN[ ITGCVGT KORQTVCPEG VJCP $QJGOKC UGG WPFGT /QTCXKC $QJGOKC YCU WPFGT (TCPEQPKCP QEEWRCVKQP CPF QDNKIGF VQ RC[ VTKDWVG VQ VJG (TCPMU #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH 5YCVQRNWM

UQXGTGKIP QH )TGCV /QTCXKC KP KP C FKGV YCU JGNF KP 4GIGPUDWTI #V VJKU QEECUKQP $QJG OKCP UQXGTGKIPU YGTG DCRVKUGF CPF VJG KPFGRGPFGPEG HTQO VJG 'CUV (TCPEQPKCP TGCNO YCU TGCHHKTOGF 1PG QH VJGUG RTKPEGU UVGRRGF HQTYCTF 5R[VKJPKGY CPF RTGUGPVGF JKOUGNH CU ŋ&WMG QH $QJGOKCŌ &WZ $QGOCPQTWO *G YCU HTQO VJG *QWUG QH 2TGO[UNKFGU YJKEJ YQWNF TWNG $QJGOKC WPVKN #HVGT VJG )TGCV /QTCXKCP TGCNO JCF EQNNCRUGF OCP[ /QTCXKCPU HNGF VQ $QJGOKC $[ VJGP VJG KPHNWGPEG QH VJG 2TGO[UNKFU JCF DGEQOG UQ UVTQPI VJCV 8TCVKUNCWUŉU UWEEGUUKQP QH JKU DTQVJGT FKFPŉV ECWUG VJG UNKIJVGUV TKRRNG 8TCVKUNCWU YGFFGF &TCJQOKTC HTQO VJG 5NCXKE EQXGPCPV VJCV GPEQORCUUGF VJG 5NCXKE RGQRNGU UWTTQWPFKPI VJG UCPEVWCT[ 4GVJTC KP /GEMNGPDWTI 9GUVGTP 2QOGTCPKC CPF *CXGNNCPF 8TCVKUNCWUŉ VKOKPI EQWNFPŉV JCXG DGGP DGVVGT HQT KP VJG KPVGTTGIPWO DGVYGGP VJG FGCVJ QH .QWKU VJG %JKNF KP CPF VJG CUUWORVKQP QH QHHKEG D[ -QPTCF + 'CUV (TCPEQPKC YCU KP C EQPUVCPV UVCVG QH ETKUKU 6JG 2TGOKUN[F MKPI FKGF KP CPF YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU GNFGUV UQP 9GPEGUNCWU 9JCV NKVVNG KU MPQYP QH 9GPEGUNCWU OQUVN[ UVGOU HTQO NGIGPF *G KU UCKF VQ DG FGHGCVGF D[ MKPI *GPT[ + NGCFKPI VQ C VTKDWVCT[ UVCVWU VQYCTFU VJG )GTOCP UQXGTGKIP 9GPEGUNCWU YCU C FGXQWV %JTKUVKCP CPF OCKPN[ EQPEGPVTCVGF QP C YQTNF QH TKUKPI %JTKUVKCPKV[ *G UJQYGF JKOUGNH C RCVGTPCN TWNGT VQYCTFU JKU UWDLGEVU CPF HQT QPG JCF CNN ICNNQYU VCMGP FQYP CETQUU VJG EQWPVT[ 2TGUWOCDN[ VJG TGUWNV QH C $CXCTKCP 5CZQPKCP UVTWIING HQT RQYGT CU QRRQUGF VQ VJG QHVGP HCXQWTGF VJG QT[ QH C %JTKUVKCP 2CICP FKURWVG 9GPEGUNCWU YCU CUUCUUKPCVGF GKVJGT KP QT KP D[ JKU DTQVJGT $QNGUNCWU 5VKNN KP $QJGOKC 9GPEGUNCWU YQWNF DG XGPGTCVGF CU C UCKPV CPF VJWU CRRGCTGF QP EQKPU UVCTVKPI WPFGT 7FCNTKEJ /KPVKPI KP $QJGOKC UJQWNF DG EQPUKFGTGF KP HQWT RJCUGU %QKPU YGTG OQFGNNGF CHVGT VJG %CTQNKPIKCP RQWPF FGPCTKC KP IT UKNXGT (TQO VJG 2TCIWG /CTM YCU CFQRVGF FGPCTKC HTQO IT UKNXGT (TQO DTCEVGCVGU YGTG OCPWHCEVWTGF KPKVKCNN[ KP C NCTIG UK\G CHVGT /GKUUGP GZCORNG NCVGT C UOCNNGT UK\G YCU CFQRVGF VJG $QJGOKCP HQTOCV +P C EJCPIG YCU OCFG VQ VJG 2TCIWG ITQCV ITQCVU HTQO IT UKNXGT JGTGD[ HQTOKPI C NKPM VQ VJG ITQU VQWTPQKU

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

&GPCT 2TCI %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VJTGG CPINGU $1.'<.#8 &8: 4 6GORNG YKVJ 24# DG VYGGP VTKCPIWNCT ICDNG CPF DCUG 24#) # %+8+6#5 %CEJ IT 44 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XCP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ %QKPKPI UVCTVGF TQWPF KP 2TCIWG RQUUKDN[ FWG VQ VTKDWVCT[ QDNKICVKQPU VQYCTFU VJG 'ORKTG 6JG NGIGPFU QP $QJGOKCŉU GCTNKGUV FGPCTKC TGCF $1.'<.#75 &8: QP VJG QDXGTUG CPF 24#)# %+8+6#5 QP VJG TGXGTUG 6JKU KU VJG HKTUV CWVJGPVKECVGF OGPVKQP QH VJG EKV[ QH 2TCIWG VJCV D[ VJGP YCU CNTGCF[ QXGT [GCTU QNF

416

BOHEMIA $1.'5.#75 ++ 7PFGT $QNGUNCWU ++ QP VJ #RTKN VJG FKQEGUG 2TCIWG GOGTIGF DGNQPIKPI VQ VJG CTEJDKUJQRTKE /CKP\ (KTUV DKUJQR KU 6JKGVOCT CPF JKU FKQEGUG YCU KPCWIWTCVGF D[ 9KNNKIKU CTEJDKUJQR QH /CKP\ 6JG DKUJQRU QH 2TCIWG UVC[GF FGRGPFGPV QP VJG FWMGU QH $QJGOKC

&GPCT 2TCI # 5YQTF YKVJ HQQV CDQXG CP ETQUU DGNQY 81%<818% 4 6GORNG YKVJ VJTGG ETGU EGPVU WPFGT VJG ICDNG 16#'815 %CEJ IT 44 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI +) 8 8 '8 4 %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU CTTQY CPF YGFIG #018#8%#8 %CEJ IT 44 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 6YQ UYQTFU YKVJ HQQV CDQXG CPF VJTGG RGNNGVU DGNQY &'1 '. 8#8+ 4 $KTF T %*#1/%85 +%6 %CEJ IT 44 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

/Ã&#x2019;P\ICNGTKG /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 1P VJKU EQKP C DKTF HGCVWTGU OQUV RTQOKPGPVN[ CU QP VJG QVJGT EQKPU %QWNF VJKU DG TGVTCEGF VQ VJG DKTF HTQO $QKK NGIGPF!

&GPCT 2TCI # *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG DGVYGGP Ï&#x2030; CPF Î&#x203A; &8: $1.'5.#85 4 $WUV T #GVJGNTGF V[RG YKVJ ETQUU KP HTQPV 1/'4+< 24#)# %+8 %CEJ IT 4 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ /QPG[GT 1OGTK\ 6GZVU TGVTQITCFG %QKPU VJCV UJQY VJG RQTVTCKV QH #GVJGNTGF UQOG GXGP UVCVKPI JKU PCOG RQUUKDN[ TGHGT VQ $QNGUNCWUÅ&#x2030; HKTUV YKHG DGKPI #PINQ 5CZQP

417

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG DGVYGGP CTTQY CPF # $1.'5.#85 &8: %# 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG CPPWNGVU KP VJTGG CPINGU CPF CTTQY /+<.'6#+ 22#)# %CEJ IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ /QPG[GT /K\NGVC 6JKU ENGCTN[ TGCFU 22#)# KPUVGCF QH 24#)#

#HVGT $QNGUNCWU ++ JKU UQP $QNGUNCWU +++ KPJGTKVGF FWECN FKIPKV[ 7PFGT JKU HGGDNG [GV ETWGN TGKIP OCP[ NCPFU GXGP /QTCXKC YGTG NQUV *KU RGQRNG QXGTVJTGY JKO CPF ECNNGF 8NCFKXQK DTQVJGT QH VJG MKPI QH 2QNCPF $QNGUNCX %JCDTÃ&#x201C; VQ VJG FWECN UGCV 8NCFKXQK FKGF CHVGT C OGTG HGY OQPVJU CPF YCU TGRNCEGF D[ VJG DTQVJGT QH $QNGUNCWU +++ ,CTQOKT *G HNGF KPVQ GZKNG CHVGT C UJQTV RGTKQF YJGP VJG CHQTGOGPVKQPGF 2QNKUJ MKPI KPXCFGF $QJGOKC YKVJ C XCUV CTO[ VQ UGK\G RQYGT HQT JKOUGNH

RTQORVKPI VJG )GTOCP MKPI *GPT[ ++ VQ KPVGTXGPG *G GZRGNNGF 2QNKUJ -KPI $QNGUNCX %JCDTÃ&#x201C; CPF RWV ,CTQOKT DCEM QP VJG $QJGOKCP VJTQPG +P VJG NCVVGT YCU FTKXGP CYC[ D[ JKU DTQVJGT 1FCNTKEJ #HVGT 1FCNTKEJÅ&#x2030;U FGCVJ ,CTQOKT QPEG CICKP TGVWTPGF VQ RQYGT &QOKPCPEG QXGT $QJGOKC CPF /QTCXKC HKPCNN[ HGNN VQ $TGVKUNCWU KP

,#41/+4

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU J +#4 1/+ 4 &8: 4 0KODCVG DWUV QH %JTKUV T JCPF KP HTQPV #+41/ ! 2+568/%# %CEJ IT 44 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV CPF OKPQT HNCP ETCEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

7&#.4+%* 7PFGT 1FCNTKEJ EQKPKPI CHVGT HQTGKIP OQFGNU YCU CDCPFQPGF CPF GZENWUKXGN[ $QJGOKCP V[RGU UVCTVGF CRRGCTKPI /QTGQXGT XKTVWCNN[ YKVJQWV KPVGTTWRVKQP VJG KOCIG CPF VJG PCOG QH VJG *QN[ 9GPEGUNCWU YGTG UVTWEM QP VJG TGXGTUG

&GPCT 2TCI # 0KODCVG DWUV T 1&#.4+%85 &8: 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU CPPWNGV CPF YGFIG 1&#.4+%85 &8: %CEJ IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$GTNKPGT /Ã&#x2019;P\MCDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV T 1&#.4+%85 &8: 4 %TQUU YKVJ CPPWNGVU KP VYQ CPINGU VJTGG RGNNGVU CPF CTTQY 1&#.4+%85 &8: %CEJ IT 4 /CIPKHKEGPV VQPG UOCNN HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

418

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV T 1&#.4+%85 &8: 4 5%5 9'0%'< .#85 KP VJTGG NKPGU DQY CDQXG CPF NKPG DGNQY %CEJ IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ UVCPFCTF HCEKPI 1&#.4+%85 &8: 4 *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG 58'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT &CTM RCVKPC C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 6GORNG YKVJ &8: DGVYGGP VTKCPIWNCT ICDNG CPF DCUG 8&#.4+% 85 4 5%5 9'0%'< .#85 KP VJTGG NKPGU DQY CDQXG CPF NKPG DGNQY %CEJ IT &CTM VQPG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ UVCPFCTF HCEKPI ETQUU T 8&#.4+%85 &8: 4 $WUV YKVJ ETQUU HCEKPI ETQUU T 5% 5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT &CTM VQPG CVVTCEVKXG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 'PVJTQPGF FWMG YKVJ UVCPFCTF HCEKPI 8&#.4+%85 4 $WUV N YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF 5%5 88'/%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 (NCP FGHGEV XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

419

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

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQUU %TQUUNGV YKVJ CPPWNGV KP EGPVTG $4#%+5.#8 4 $WUV YKVJ VTKCPIWNCT JCV HCEKPI TCKUGF JCPFU 9'0%'<085 %CEJ IT 2NGCUKPIN[ VQPGF XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO

&GPCT 2TCI # /QWPVGF OCP N YKVJ UVCPFCTF $ 4 %+<#8&8: 4 $WUV HCEKPI 8'0%'<.#85 5%5 %CEJ IT 4 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XCP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ UVCPFCTF N $4#%+5.#8: 4 $WUV YKVJ ETQUU JGCFGF UEGRVTG N %CEJ IT #VVTCEVKXG URGEKOGP YKVJ PKEG RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG $GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

420

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI ETQUU CPF RGNNGV N $4#%+<.#85 &8: 4 2GCEQEM N 5%5 88'0%'< .#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ UVCPFCTF N $4#%+<.#85 &8: 4 'PVJTQPGF 5CKPV DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUU JGCFGF UEGRVTGU 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQUU YKVJ QPG CPEJQT KP GCEJ CPING $4#<#858%8 6 4 *GCF N 5%5 8'%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 'FIG HCWNV VTCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU $4#%+<.#85 &8: 4 $WUV T YKVJ ETQUU JGCFGF UEGRVTG 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 7PEKTEWNCVGF $GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF $4#%<.#85 &8: 4 $WUV T YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF 5%5 9'0%'<.#5 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

52;6+*0'9 ++

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ NCPEG UVCPFKPI 52+6+%0' &8: 4 5CKPV YKVJ JGCF N CPF UEGRVTG 5%5 9'0%'<85 % IT (NCP FGHGEV QP VJG QDXGTUG XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ URGCT UVCPFKPI 52+6)0'8 &8: 4 $WUV YKVJ UEGRVTG N 9'05%'585 %CEJ IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

421

BOHEMIA 94#6+5.#75 ++ 2TKPEG 8TCVKUNCX DQTP CHVGT YCU C HCKVJHWN XCUUCN VQ -KPI *GPT[ +8 UVCTVKPI CPF YKVJQWV HCKN QDG[GF VJG MKPIÅ&#x2030;U ECNNU HQT OKNKVCT[ UWRRQTV HTQO CU HCT CYC[ CU +VCN[ 6JKU GCTPGF JKO VJG ETQYP QH $QJGOKC CPF 2QNCPF KP KP /CKP\ CPF JG YCU CPQKPVGF D[ VJG 6TKGT #TEJDKUJQR 'IKNDGTV QP VJ QH ,WPG KP 2TCIWG *G FKGF QP VJ ,CPWCT[ CPF YCU KPVGTTGF KP JKU NKHGVKOG UGCV QH 8[UEJGDTCF

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ DCPPGT N #6+<.#8&8 4 $WUV T 5%58'%'585 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 'PVJTQPGF FWMG YKVJ NCPEG HCEKPI 594#6+<.# 4 *GCF YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI 9'0%'<.#5 %CEJ IT /CIPKHKEGPV RCVKPG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU 94#6+<.85 4 *CPF YKVJ UVCHH 9'0%'<.85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # *GCF QP VJTQPG 94#6+<.85 4 $WUV T YKVJ UEGRVTG 5 9'0%'<.8 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT 2TCI # *CPF YKVJ UVCHH 94#.+<.85 4 *GCF T 9'0%'<.85 %CEJ IT (NCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\ICNGTKG /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

422

&GPCT 2TCI # *GCF YKVJ OKVTG HCEKPI 94#6+<.85 4 $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI 9'0%'<.85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQYPGF DWUV T 94#6+<.85 4 *CPF VJTQWIJ EJWTEJ UVCPFCTF N 9'0%'<.85 %CEJ IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6CNNOCPP 9KGP 6JKU ETQYP UJQYU ITGCV UKOKNCTKV[ VQ VJCV FKURNC[GF QP VJG EQKPU QH 'UUNKPIGP

$4'6+5.#75 ++

+P VJKU RGTKQF VJG EWTVCKP HGNN HQT %[TKNN CPF UNCXKE KPURKTGF NKVWTI[ KP $QJGOKC CPF /QTCXKC [KGNFGF VQ VJG TKUG QH .CVKP KPHNWGPEGU FCYPKPI QH VJG CIG QH ETWUCFGU KP 2TCIWG ,GYU YGTG RGTUGEWVGF &GPCT 2TCI # 'PVJTQPGF DWUV YKVJ URGCT T $4#%+<.#85 4 $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP RGNNGVU 59'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG CPF RGTHGEV RKGEG YKVJ OCIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

0GW HQVQITCHKGTGP

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ NCPEG T $4#%+<.#85 4 $GCTFGF DWUV HCEKPI RGNNGV DGJKPF 5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # *GCF T KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU $4#%+<.#85 4 $WUV YKVJ NCPEG T 5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'FIG HCWNV CPF UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

$14+81+ ++ Å&#x2020;

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI RGNNGV N $14+81+ 4 5CKPV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF INQDG 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CPF VTCEGU QH XGTFKITKU GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ %CV .CP\ FKUEGTPU DGVYGGP FGPCTKC CPF JCNH FGPCTKC %CEJ FQGU PQV

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI $14+81+ 4 5CKPV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF INQDG 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 /CIPKHKEGPV RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-WTRHÂ·N\KUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\JCPFNWPI #WEVKQP PQ

423

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV KP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU N $14+81+ 4 5CKPV QP JQTUG N 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ

1DQN 2TCI # $WUV N $141881+ 4 5CKPV QP JQTUG N 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XCP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ UEGRVTG N $14+881+ 4 -PKIJV YKVJ UYQTF DGJGCFKPI C RTKUQPGT 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z EQNNGEVKQP /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ URGCT CPF UJKGNF $14+881+ 4 5CKPV YKVJ INQDG KP JCPF T RGNNGV KP HTQPV 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV YKVJ UVCPFCTF CPF UEGRVTG HCEKPI YKVJKP SWCVTGHQKN &8: $14+81+ 4 #PIGN MPGGNKPI YKVJ EJKNF T 5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI

59#612.7-

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG MPGGNKPI T YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU KP HTQPV QH CNVCT DGJKPF JKO UGTXCPV 58#612#.% 4 $WUV T YKVJ UYQTF 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

424

BOHEMIA 9.#&+5.#75 + Å&#x2020;

&GPCT 2TCI # *QTUGOCP T RKGTEKPI HCNNGP RGTUQP YKVJ NCPEG 88.#&+<#85 4 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUU 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV QH VJG FWMG HCEKPI YKVJ NCPEG CPF UJKGNF &8: 9.#&+5.#85 4 $GCTFGF DWUV N YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU ETQUU KP HTQPV 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF DGVYGGP 8 &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV T YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU DGVYGGP RGNNGV CPF ETQUU 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG T YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF HKIJVKPI CICKPUV NKQP DGJKPF JKO DTCPEJ &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV YKVJ DQQM CPF ETQUU JGCFGF UEGRVTG 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF NC[KPI JKU T JCPF QP MPGGNKPI RGTUQP &8: 88.#&+5.#85 4 $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ NCPEG CPF DQQM 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG QP VJTQPG DGVYGGP URGCT CPF UJKGNFDGCTGT &8: 88.#&+5.#85 4 $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ UVCPFCTF CPF RCNO NGCH 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

425

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # /CP CPF YQOCP QP JQTUGDCEM TKFKPI VQ VJG T & 88.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV QH CP CPIGN T YKVJ EJKNF VCMGP KP JKU CTOU 5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KP %CEJ UVCTVU YKVJ &8: JGTG KV KU UQNGN[ C & 5VTWEM KP VJG RGTKQF

&GPCT 2TCI # /CP QP VJTQPG T RNCEKPI UVCPFCTF KPVQ VJG JCPFU QH C RGTUQP N &8: 8.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV T YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU 5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI

&GPCT 2TCI # (KIWTG YKVJ UJKGNF T RNCEKPI UVCPFCTF KPVQ VJG JCPFU QH C RGTUQP N &8: 8.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU QXGT EKV[ YCNN YKVJ ICVG 5 8'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM KP VJG RGTKQF

51$'5.#75 +

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ UVCPFCTF CPF UJKGNF &8: 51$'<.#85 4 $WUV N YKVJ ETQUU 5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 5VCPFCTF CPF UJKGNF DGVYGGP VYQ DWUVU YKVJ JGNOGVU &8: 51$'5.#85 4 %KV[ YCNN YKVJ ICVG CPF ETQUU JGCFGF UVCHH DGVYGGP VYQ JGCFU 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ 6JG EKV[ YCNNU CRRGCT VQ JCXG UQOG UETKRV QP VJGO

426

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ EJWTEJ KP JKU JCPFU WPFGT DNGUUKPI JCPF &8: 51$'<.#85 4 $WUV YKVJ ETQUU CPF DQQM 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ UJQTV UYQTF QP VJTQPG DGVYGGP HQWT RGTUQPU 6 58#<'1 #85 4 6YQ UCKPVU UKVVKPI QP VJTQPG N YKVJ ETQUU T YKVJ ETQUKGT 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 (NCP FGHGEV CPF C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

9.#&+5.#75 ++ 9CU DGUVQYGF WRQP YKVJ TQ[CN FKIPKV[ KP D[ 'ORGTQT (TGFGTKEM $CTDCTQUUC KP RGTUQP 6JKU GP VCKNGF VJG UVTKMKPI QH FGPCTKC YKVJ &8: CPF 4':

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG HKIJVKPI YKVJ UYQTF CICKPUV DGCT &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 5CKPV YKVJ NKU KP N JCPF UKVVKPI QP CTEJ N VJG NGVVGT ' 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # 6YQ HKIWTGU UKVVKPI QP VJTQPG T VJG NGVVGT ' &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU KP DWKNFKPI YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU T CDQXG VJG NGVVGT % 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG HKIJVKPI YKVJ NKQP &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 6YQ HKIWTGU KP UJTKPG N YKVJ OKVTG CPF ETQKUKGT T YKVJ URGCT CPF UJKGNF 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # *QTUGOCP UVCDDKPI DGCT YKVJ FCIIGT &8: 88.#&+<.#85 4 6YQ DWUVU WRQP EKV[ YCNN YKVJ NGVVGT # CDQXG VJGO 5%5 8'0%#&#.$6' %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG RQTVTCKV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ %CEJ TGRQTVU TGXGTUG VGZV CU DGKPI VJG WUWCN 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 DWV VJKU FQGUPÅ&#x2030;V CRRN[ VQ VJG GPF QH VJG VGZV JGTG

427

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # %TQYPGF DWUV YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF TCKUGF JCPF QXGT YCNN YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU 4': 88.#&+5.#85 4 %TQUU JGCFGF UVCHH DGVYGGP VYQ CPIGNU 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ 6JG EQKP CV JCPF DGCTU PQ VGZV VJG CDQXG VGZVU YGTG VCMGP HTQO %CEJ +V KU VJG HKTUV VKOG 4': UCRRGCTU 8NCFKUNCXU YCU MKPI QH $QJGOKC HTQO VQ

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF SWGGP QP VJTQPG 4': 88.#&+5.#85 4 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI URGCT CPF TCKUGF JCPF 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KU KNNGIKDNG

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI NKGU RTC[KPI QP DGF YKVJ CPIGN QXGT JKO 4': 88.#&+5.#85 4 5CKPV YKVJ UVCPFCTF CPF UJKGNF QP VJTQPG 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU XGT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WXVKQP PQ

(4+'&4+%*

&GPCT 2TCI # &WMG YKVJ UYQTF QP VJTQPG DGVYGGP VYQ UGTXCPVU &8: (4+&'4+%85 4 5CKPV YKVJ ETQUU CPF TCKUGF JCPF QP YCNN T MPGGNKPI RKNITKO 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

51$'5.#75 ++

&GPCT 2TCI # .KQP N &8: 51$'<.#85 4 $WUV YKVJ PKODWU CPF TCKUGF JCPFU 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 %QTTQFGF CP UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

428

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # 2TKPEG CPF RTKPEGUU )GVTWF UKVVKPI PGZV VQ GCEJQVJGT QHHGTKPI VJGKT JCPFU 51$'<.#85 &8: 4 (KIWTG YKVJ UVCPFCTF UJKGNF CPF HQWT UVCTU CTQWPF JKO %CEJ EH IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF CPF UOCNN HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ %H &QP UCOG QDXGTUG DWV UCKPV YKVJ RTKPEG QP TGXGTUG &QP % 6JG TGXGTUG UGGOU VQ TGCF VJG WUWCN 5%5 88'0%'<.#85 DWV JQY ECP VJKU OCVEJ VJG HKIWTG HN[KPI C DCPPGT CPF DGCTKPI C UJKGNF!

24'/;5. + 1661-#4 #HVGT C RCTVKEWNCTN[ VWTDWNGPV RGTKQF KP YJKEJ OCP[ 2TGO[UNKFU HQWIJV QXGT CUEGPUKQP 2TGO[UN + 1VVQ MCT TGUVQTGF ECNO +V KU PGEGUUCT[ VQ KPENWFG VJG RTGPCOG 2TGO[UN VQ VJG HKTUV PCOG 1VVQMCT VQ FKUVKP IWKUJ KV HTQO VJG PCOG 1VCMCT HTQO VJG JQWUG QH 1VCMCTU UGG 5V[TKC 2TGO[UN + 1VVQMCT TGEGKXGF VJG TQ[CN VKVNG HTQO VJG )GTOCP MKPI 2JKNKR CPF YCU ETQYPGF KP KP /CKP\ (QWT [GCTU NCVGT RQRG +PPQEGPV +++ EQPHGTTGF JGTGFKVCT[ TGICN FKIPKV[ WRQP VJG $QJGOKCP TWNGTU

&GPCT 2TCI # #PIGN YKVJ NCPEG CPF UJKGNF HKIJVKPI CICKPUV FTCIQP 858%'5 8/ 4 $WUV YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU KP GFKHKEG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU 5%5 050 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4': 16#%#485 4 5CKPV QP VJTQPG YKVJ UVCPFCTF 5%5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG RQTVTCKV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ UEGRVTG QP VJTQPG DGVYGGP HQWT UVCTU 4 6YQ UCKPVU UVCPFKPI YKVJ UVCPFCTF DGVYGGP VJGO %<'%4% %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

429

BOHEMIA

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ UEGRVTG DGVYGGP ) CPF ) 0'058 4 3WGGP YKVJ DQQM QXGT YCNN YKVJ VQYGT T %0 8#% %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

&GPCT 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF SWGGP QP YCNN # 8'8'%0 4 .KQP T %#%# %CEJ IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

$[ KORQTVKPI C XCTKGV[ QH UVTQPI HQTGKIP EQKPU 2TGO[UN 1VVQMCT EQORNGVGF CP GZVGPUKXG OQPGVCT[ TG HQTO KP *GPEGHQTVJ JG UVTWEM DTCEVGCVGU CHVGT VJG /GKUUPGT V[RG YKVJ C FKCOGVGT QH VQ OO CPF C YGKIJV QH CTQWPF IT 1VVQMCTŉU DTCEVGCVGU CTG GCUKN[ FKUVKPIWKUJCDNG HTQO VJG /GKUUGP V[RG D[ VJG ETQYP VJCV KU CNYC[U UGGP KP $QJGOKCP EQKPU NCEMKPI HTQO VJG /GKUUPGT V[RG 1P VJG DTCEVGCVGU QH 2TGO[UN 1VVQMCT VJG VJTQPG KU CNYC[U ENGCTN[ XKUKDNG KP NCVGT V[RGU KV XCPKUJGF

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI HCEKPI YKVJ NKU UEGRVTG CPF QTD QP VJTQPG %CEJ IT (NCP ETCEM CPF VTCEGU QH RTGUUWTG XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT )ÌV\ EQNNGEVKQP PQ EH )ÌV\ %JTKUVKCP ,CEQD &GWVUEJNCPFU -C[UGT /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGN #NVGTU IGUCOOGNV DGUEJTKGDGP WPF KP .+8 NKVJQITCRJKTVGP 6CHGNP FCTIGUVGNNV XQP %JTKUVKCP ,CEQD )ÌV\ &TGUFGP +U KV )ÌV\ QT )ÌU\ VJKU KU JQY KV KU URGNV QP VJG VKVNG RCIG ! 6JGTG FGUETKDGF CU #FQNRJ CPF #NDTGEJV HQT /GKUUGP

9'0<'. + &WTKPI VJG TGKIP QH 9GP\GN $QJGOKC YCU UQ UVTQPI VJCV VJG /QPIQNKCPU KP WPFGT $CVW -JCP EQWNF DG FGHGCVGF YKVJ JGNR HTQO FWMG (TKGFTKEJ QH #WUVTKC

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ NKU VQRRGF CPF ETQUU JGCFGF UEGRVTG %CEJ EH IT 8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ NKU UEGRVTG CPF QTD %CEJ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ WPGFKVGF 6JGTG KU UQOG NKMGPGUU VQ %CEJ 9GPEGUNCWU + VJGTGHQTG KV KU NKUVGF JGTG

5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ +P ECV %CEJ CHVGT VJG QPN[ MPQYP URGEKOGP KP -CDKPGVV &TGUFGP

430

BOHEMIA

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ VYQ HNQTCN UEGRVTGU %CEJ IT

5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ XQP )TCDC EQNNGEVKQP *GUU Å&#x2020; (TCPMHWTV C / #WEVKQP PQ 'CING WPFGT 2TGO[UN ++ 1VVQMCT

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

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI YKVJ VYQ UYQTFU QP YJKEJ CTG VYQ UVCTU %CEJ IT 5EJWNVGP (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ $TCEVGCVG CHVGT /GKUUGP GZCORNG

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF CPF RCNO NGCH %CEJ IT 4 0KEG VQPG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # *GCF QH VJG -KPI KP EKTENG QH HQWT HKUJGU %CEJ IT

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # .KQP T KP HTQPV QH ETQUU JGCFGF UVCHH %CEJ IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ %QORCTCDNG YKVJ %CEJ $N H /Ã&#x2019;P\HTGWPFG (F X 5CNGEJG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

431

BOHEMIA

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # %TQYPGF JGCF KP ECUVNG DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU %CEJ IT &CTM VQPG XGT[ HKPG

)NGPFKPKPI .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # %TQYPGF NKQP DGJKPF UJKGNF %CEJ IT

8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

8GT[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # %TQYPGF NKQP N %CEJ IT

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

9'0<'. ++

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI DGVYGGP VYQ JCNXGF NKU %CEJ IT

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

432

$TCMVGCV 2TCI # -KPI QXGT TQUGVVG YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU %CEJ IT

)NGPFKPKPI .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ $TCEVGCVGU YGTG UVTWEM WPVKN CTQWPF

BOHEMIA 9GPEGUNCWUÅ&#x2030; OCIPWO QRWU JCU VQ DG VJG TGQTICPKUCVKQP QH $QJGOKCP EQKPCIG *G ECNNGF WRQP 8GPGVKCP OQPG[GTU YJQ GSWKXCNGPV VQ VJG (TGPEJ )TQU VQWTPQKU CPF VJG +VCNKCP )TQUUQ ETGCVGF VJG 2TCIWG ITQCV 6JG VYGPV[ OKPVU VJTQWIJQWV VJG EQWPVT[ YGTG ENQUGF -WVVGPDGTI TGOCKPGF VJG UQNG OKPV QH VJG MKPIFQO $QJGOKC +P NCTIG UKNXGTOKPGU YGTG NCKF DCTG KP -WVVGPDGTI 6JG 2TCIWG ITQCV YCU DTQWIJV KPVQ EKTEWNCVKQP KP ,WN[ 6JG YGKIJV YCU GUVCDNKUJGF CV IT HTQO C 2TCIWG /CTM

IT )TQCVU YGTG UVTWEM 6JG 2TCIWG )TQCV YCU UVTWEM WPCNVGTGF HQT C NQPI VKOG CPF KV EQPUVKVWVGU QPG QH VJG OQUV XCNWCDNG UKNXGT EQKPU HTQO VJCV CIG 6JG FGRKEVGF ETQYP KU VJG $QJGOKCP TQ[CN ETQYP VJG UCOG VJCV ,QJP QH .WZGODWTI YQWNF NCVGT RWV KP RCYP QT UGNN

2TCIGT )TQUEJGP 2TCI # 9'0%'<.#85 5'%80&85 CTQWPF ETQYP &'+ â&#x20AC;&#x17E; )4#6+# â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 4': â&#x20AC;&#x17E; $1'/+' 4 .KQP )4155+ â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 24#)'05'5 %CUVGNKP IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

9GPEGUNCWU ++ FKGF CU UQQP CU *KU UQP UWEEGGFGF JKO CU 9GPEGUNCWU +++ *G JQYGXGT YCU OWT FGTGF KP KP 1NQOQWE #HVGT 9GPEGUNCWUÅ&#x2030; +++ FGCVJ CP KPVGTTGIPWO UGV KP $QVJ 4WFQNRJ QH *CDUDWTI CPF *GPT[ QH -CTKPVJKC RTGVGPFGF VQ VJG XCECPV VJTQPG VJQWIJ YGTGPÅ&#x2030;V CEEGRVGF D[ $QJGOKCP PQDKNKV[ 6JG $QJGOKCPU YCPVGF CPF EJQUG VJG GNFGUV UQP QH GORGTQT *GPT[ 8++ C .WZGODQWTIGT ,QJP *G OCTTKGF 'NKUEJMC VJG NCUV QH VJG 2TGO[UNKFU

*QWUG .WZGODWTI ,1*#00 XQP .7:'/$74) &WTKPI VJG YJQNG QH JKU TGKIP ,QJP WUGF $QJGOKCP OQPG[ VQ EQXGT VJG GXGT KPETGCUKPI GZRGPUGU QH JKU HCOKN[ 5VCTVKPI JG UQNF KPHNWGPVKCN QHHKEGU VQ JKIJ PQDNGU COQPI QVJGT VJKPIU 6Q TCKUG OQPG[ JG KPVTQFWEGF C IQNF EQKP +P JG TCKFGF VJG UKNXGT VTGCUWTG QH VJG 5V 8KVWU %CVJGFTCN KP VJG 2TCIWG %CUVNG EQORNGZ

2TCIGT )TQUEJGP -WVVGPDGTI # +1*#00'5 â&#x20AC;&#x17E; 24+/85 CTQWPF ETQYP &'+ â&#x20AC;&#x17E; )4#6+# Â· 4': â&#x20AC;&#x17E; $1'/+' 4 .KQP )4155+ Â· 24#)'05'5 %CUVGNKP IT /KPQT HNCP FGHGEV CV VJG GFIG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GPCWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

433

BOHEMIA ,QJPŉU UQP YCU %JCTNGU KP $QJGOKC %JCTNGU + KP VJG 'ORKTG %JCTNGU +8 %JCTNGU + YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP 9GPEGUNCWU +8 YJQ RTQXGF C HTWICN TWNGT 4GUGTXGU YGTG QPEG CICKP CDWPFCPV 6JG QPN[ QPG VQ DGPGHKV HTQO VJGUG YCU JKU JCNHDTQVJGT 5KIKUOWPF YJQ VYKEG VQQM -WVVGPDGTI QPN[ VQ GORV[ 9GPEGUNCWUŉ VTGCUWT[ 6JG NCVVGT 2TCIWG )TQCVU QH 9GPEGUNCWU +8 FGVGTKQTCVGF TCRKFN[ ŋVJG OCNKU ITQUUKUŌ VJG NKQPŉU OCPGU TGEGFKPI VJG ETQYP ITQYKPI EQWTUG #HVGT 9GPEGUNCWUŉ +8 FGOKUG KP VJG *WUUKVGU VQQM QXGT IQXGTPOGPV 5KIKUOWPF YCU PQV CEMPQYN GFIGF 5KIKUOWPF PGGFGF C NQV QH OQPG[ HQT YJKEJ RWTRQUG JG UGSWGUVGTGF VJG VTGCUWTGU QH 5V 8KVWUŉ ECVJG FTCN KP 2TCIWG COQPI YJKEJ YCU VJG IQNFGP UCTEQRJCIWU QH 5V 9GPEGUNCWU 6JG OKPV KP -WVVGPDGTI YCU JKU CPF HTQO VQ JG CNNQYGF VJG .KVJWCPKCP UQXGTGKIP RTGVGPFKPI VQ VJG $QJGOKCP VJTQPG VQ EQKP VJGTG DGHQTG KV YCU QEEWRKGF KP D[ VJG *WUUKVGU *QYGXGT VJG *WUUKVGU VQQ YGTG KP FGU RGTCVG PGGF QH OQPG[ 6JG[ EQPHKUECVGF CNN GEENGUKCUVKECN RQUUGUUKQPU CPF VJG EJWTEJ UKNXGT YCU UVTWEM KPVQ EQKP KP VYQ PGY OKPVU VJQUG QH ,CEQDŉU OQPCUVGT[ CPF VJG (TCPEKUECP OQPCUVGT[

*755+6'5 ,QJP *WUU RJKNQUQRJGT CPF TGHQTOGT JCF SWGUVKQPGF VJG TKEJGUU QH VJG EJWTEJ CPF VJG RTGN CVGU YJKEJ KP JKU G[GU UJQYGF VJG UKIPU QH FGEC[ QH VJG EJWTEJ +P DCPKUJGF D[ 2QRG ,QJP ::+++ *WUU YCU UWOOQPGF VQ VJG GEWOGPKECN EQWPEKN KP %QPUVCPEG &GURKVG 5KIKUOWPFŉ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

7NVTCSWKUVU YJQ TGLGEVGF CTOGF DCVVNG CPF VJG TCFKECNU 6CDQTKVGU YJQUG CRRGVKVG HQT YCT JCFPŉV FYKP FNGF 'XGPVWCNN[ VJG NCVVGT YGTG EQPSWGTGF D[ 5KIKUOWPF KP 6JG EQKPU QH VJG *WUUKVGU TGHNGEV VJGUG VTQWDNGF VKOGU 5KIKUOWPF CU YGNN CU VJG *WUUKVGU RKNNCIGF EJWTEJGU VQ QDVCKP VJG FGURGTCVGN[ PGGFGF IQNF CPF UKNXGT ŋ-CNÃUM[Ō UOCNN EJCNKEGU YGTG UVTWEM MGGR KPI VJG EJWTEJ QTKIKPU QH VJG OKPVKPI OGVCNU KP OKPF VJG EJCNKEG KPEKFGPVCNN[ YCU CNUQ VJG OKNKVCT[ GPUKIP QH VJG *WUUKVGU CPF ŋHNÐVM[Ō (NKVVGT CU YGNN CU EQKPU DGCTKPI VJG PCOG QH 9GPEGUNCWU

'KPUGKVKIGT *GNNGT <PCKO # 'CING YKVJ DTGCUVRNCVG < &QPGDCWGT IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

5+)+5/70&

*GNNGT $TÒPP # %JGEMGTGF GCING 2Q +8 IT

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP &QPGDCWGT EH ECV .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI $TÒPP # 'CING YKVJ DTGCUVRNCVG 2Q +8 IT

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 5VTWEM CHVGT 5GL

8GT[ HKPG

434

*GNNGT +INCW # 'CING YKVJ DTGCUVRNCVG + 2Q +8 IT

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT EH ECV .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

BOHEMIA #HVGT 5KIKUOWPF VJGTG YCU PQ TGCN IQXGTPOGPV WPVKN +P .CFKUNCWU 2QUVJWOWU YCU DQTP UGG *WPICT[ *G YCU VJG UQP QH #NDTGEJV 5KIKUOWPFŉU UQP KP NCY YJQ JCF DGGP MKPI QH $QJGOKC HQT DWV QPG [GCT GPEQWPVGTKPI JGCX[ TGUKUVCPEG HTQO VJG *WUUKVGU .CFKUNCWU 2QUVJWOWU TGKIPGF DGVYGGP CPF DWV JKU QHHKEG YCU C OGTG HC¼CFG DGJKPF YJKEJ CEVWCN RQYGT YCU YKGNFGF D[ C PQDNGOCP HTQO 'CUV $QJGOKC )GQTI QH 2QFKGDTCF *G DGECOG KORGTKCN CFOKPKUVTCVQT KP $QJGOKC HTQO VQ

)'14) XQP 21&+'$4#& #V JKU CEEGUUKQPGNFGFJKEJ CEVWCN RQYGT YCUQH C P $QJGOKC HTQOKCVKPI VJG NCPF UWHHGTGF HTQO CP GPQTOQWU KPHNCVKQP VJCV JCF QTKIKPCVGF KP 5QWVJGTP )GTOCP[ 6JGTG CPF KP #WUVTKC UWDUVCPVKCN COQWPVU QH $NCEM 2GPEG ŋ5EJKPFGTNKPIGPŌ KP $QJGOKC ŋ*CDT±PM[Ō RQQT KP SWCNKV[ YGTG UVTWEM )GQTI TGEGKXGF C NCTIG UWO QH OQPG[ HTQO 'ORGTQT (TKGFTKEJ +++ CPF EKTEWNCVGF KV +V YQWNF VCMG WPVKN HQT 2TCIWG )TQCVU QPEG CICKP VQ DG UVTWEM

2TCIGT )TQUEJGP -WVVGPDGTI # )'14)+85 24+/85 CTQWPF ETQYP &'+ Z )4#6+# Q 4': Z $1'/+' 4 .KQP )4155+ : 24#)'05'5 %CUVGNKP IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU 2TCIWG )TQCV VJCV YCU C EQPVKPWCVKQP QH VJG QPGU UVTWEM D[ 9GEGUNCWU +8 YQWNF OQFGN HQT VJG EQKPU WR VQ CTQWPF

'KPUGKVKIGT 2HGPPKI -WVVGPDGTI # $QJGOKCP NKQP N %CUVGNKP IT

8GT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP 6JKU WPKHCEG 2GPP[ YCU UVTWEM CHVGT 6Q FTCY C FKUVKPEVKQP DGVYGGP QNFGT 2GPEG VJGUG DGCT C DQTFGT QH FQVU

9.#&+5.#75 ++

2TCIGT )TQUEJGP -WVVGPDGTI # 9.#&+5.#85 5'%80&85 CTQWPF ETQYP &'+ Z )4#6+# : 4': Z $1'/+' 4 .KQP ETQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP VJG OKFFNG )4155+ 24#)'05'5 %CUVGNKP IT 8GT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ %H 5O D

9GKRHGPPKI -WVVGPDGTI # $QJGOKCP NKQP N 9.#&+5.#85 5'%80&85 4 $ 4 %TQYP QXGT 9 %CUVGNKP C IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 7PFGT 9NCFKUNCWU VJG RGPEG YGTG PCOGF 9GKRHGPPKI

435

MORAVIA

9GKRHGPPKI -WVVGPDGTI # $QJGOKCP NKQP N 9.#&+5.#8% 5'%80&85 4 %CUVGNKP D IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

*QNNGOCP 'PUEJGFG

9GKRHGPPKI -WVVGPDGTI # $QJGOKCP NKQP N 9.#&+5.#85 5'%80&85 %CUVGNKP IT 8GT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP

/14#8+# #HVGT %JCTNGOCIPG JCF FGHGCVGF VJG #XCTU KP /QTCXKC DGECOG C EGPVTG QH RQYGT DGVYGGP VJG (TCP EQPKCP CPF VJG $[\CPVKPG 'ORKTGU /QTCXKC TQUG VQ DGEQOG C RQNKVKECN EGPVTG CPF /QLOKT RTGUGPVGF JKOUGNH CU ŋ&WMG QH /QTCXKCŌ &WZ /CTCXQTWO 6JG TGCNO YCU GZRCPFGF CPF )TGCV /QTCXKC YCU DQTP +PFGRGPFGPEG HTQO .QWKU VJG )GTOCP YCU TGVCKPGF DWV CHVGT /QLOKTŉ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

6GKNHÒTUVGP KP 1NOÒV\ 1661 + FGT 5%*¤0'

&GPCT 1NOÒV\ # %TQUU 2QOO¾G YKVJ JGCFU KP VJG CPINGU &##05#+66# 4 *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG 0+56:0#%'5 %CEJ IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 1NOÒV\ # %TQUU 2QOO¾G YKVJ VTKCPINGU KP VJG CPINGU 1661 &8: 4 *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG 5%5 &16+)8% %CEJ IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG

436

MORAVIA 59#612.7-

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # &WMG UKVVKPI YKVJ URGCT CPF DQQM 8#6128.% 4 $WUV HCEKPI 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # $WUV N YKVJ ETQUU JGCFGF UVCHH 8#61528.% 4 5CKPV UVCPFKPI 5 9'0%'<.#8 %CEJ IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # &WMG QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF 5#86128.% 4 *CPF YKVJ URGCT 5 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # 6YQ DWUVU HCEKPI GCEJQVJGT YKVJ UJQTV ETQUU DGVYGGP VJGO 8#6128.% 4 $WUV T YKVJ ETQUU 5 9'0%'<.#8 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # $WUV T YKVJ ETQUU 58'.12#%0:'8.%<2:#'5 4 $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI YKVJKP EKTENG QH RGNNGVU /02%#'%8.<%:2#%#'5 %CEJ IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JQWIJ VJG RCTVKEWNCTN[ NQPI VGZVU QP VJG QDXGTUG PKEGN[ HKV %CEJÅ&#x2030;U KOCIG VJG TGXGTUG FQGUPÅ&#x2030;V OCVEJ KV UQ YGNN

6GKNHÃ&#x2019;TUVGP KP $TÃ&#x2019;PP -104#& ++ CPF 1661 +

&GPCT $TÃ&#x2019;PP # $WUV HCEKPI &85 %104#6 4 $WUV T YKVJ URGCT 1661 &8+5 %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

437

MORAVIA

-104#& +

1DQN $TÒPP # %TQUU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU &04&#&85 < 4 %JWTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU C DKTF KP VYQ QH VJGO 5&' 485 %CEJ IT 4 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

$4'6+5.#75 ++ CPF 94#6+5.#75 ++

&GPCT $TÒPP # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI 94#6<+.85 4 $WUV T YKVJ ETQUU + +%#%+<8#85 &8: %CEJ IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

$4'6+5.#75 ++

&GPCT $TÒPP # $GCTFGF JGCF HCEKPI $4#%+<8#85 4 $WUV N YKVJ URGCT RGNNGV DGJKPF KV 5#&.<5#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z *QTUM[ EQNNGEVKQP PQ

&GPCT $TÒPP # &WMG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF Z $4#%+<.#85 4 $WUV T YKVJ ETQUU 9'0%'<.#85 %CEJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

$4ª00'4 24 )70)

&GPCT $TÒPP # 0KODCVG DWUV HCEKPI *%94'88 4 *CPF YKVJ URGCT *%'9848.. %CEJ IT 4 6TCEGU QH C DGPF XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ +V UGGOU VJCV VJG RQTVTCKV QP VJG QDXGTUG UVC[U YKVJKP VJG DQTFGT QH FQVU VJQWIJ %CEJ FGUETKDGU JKU CU KPVGTTWRVKPI VJG VGZV

6GKNHÒTUVGP KP <PCKO .761.&

&GPCT <PCKO # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF 88616&85 4 $WUV HCEKPI YKVJ ETQUKGT 5 0+%1.#85 %CEJ IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

438

MORAVIA /CTMITCHGP XQP /Â·JTGP $4'6+5.#75 +

&GPCT 1NOÃ&#x2019;V\ # *CPF QH 2TQXKFGPEG '58%'5.#8 4 8QKFGF ETQUU YKVJ ETGUEGPVU CV VJG GPF QH GCEJ NKOD CPPWNGV KP VJG OKFFNG CPF ETGUEGPVU KP VJG CPINGU 1'5' &8: %CEJ IT 4 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG $GTNKPGT /Ã&#x2019;P\MCDKPGVV $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

9.#&+5.#75 8 *'+04+%*

&GPCT /Â·JTGP # *GCF DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU WPFGT DQY YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU VYQ RGNNGVU DGPGCVJ VJG OKFFNG VQYGT 4 9CNN YKVJ ICVG CPF NKU DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU EKTENG QH RGNNGVU %CEJ IT 8GT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

24'/;5. ++ 1661-#4

$TCMVGCV /Â·JTGP # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI DGVYGGP TQUGVVGU %CEJ IT # NKVVNG ENGCPGF XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV /Â·JTGP # $WUV N YKVJ UYQTF CPF NKU VQRRGF UEGRVTG %CEJ IT 44 5OCNN GFIG DTGCM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV /Â·JTGP # %TQYPGF NKQP N %CEJ IT

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

-TKEJGNFQTH 5VWVVICTV #WEVKQP PQ

6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV /Â·JTGP # &QWDNGF NKU DGVYGGP UWP CPF ETGUEGPV YKVJ RGNNGV %CEJ IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV /Â·JTGP # %QNWOP DGVYGGP VYQ ITKHHQPU %CEJ IT

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

# NKVVNG ENGCPGF XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

439

MORAVIA

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # %TQYPGF RGTUQP YKVJ VYQ ETQUU JGCFGF HNQYGTU %CEJ IT 5OCNN GFIG ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # .COD T DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU %CEJ IT

.CP\ )TC\ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WMVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJKP EKTENG QH HQWT TKDDQPU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU %CEJ IT 4 +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # .COD YKVJ ETQUU %CEJ IT

#NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI %CEJ IT

*GTKPGM 9KGP

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # 6QYGT N YKVJ WPKFGPVKHKGF CPKOCN KP HTQPV QH KV RGNNGV CDQXG %CEJ IT 4 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU RKGEG KU UQOGVKOGU FGUETKDGF KP NKVGTCVWTG CU ŋ$GKUEJNCI PCEJ 5EJCHHJCWUGT 8QTDKNFŌ 6JKU JQYGXGT ECPŉV DG TKIJV HQT KV KU QNFGT VJCP VJG RKGEGU KV KOKVCVGU

&GPCT /·JTGP # .KQP N WPFGT YCNN YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU 4 2CPVJGT %CEJ IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT

9'0<'. ++

$TCMVGCV /·JTGP # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ ETQYPGF JGCFU HCEKPI GCEJ QVJGT %CEJ IT 'FIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z /CTSWKU XQP *QJGPMWDKP EQNNGEVKQP .CP\ )TC\ #WEVKQP PQ

440

HUNGARY

*70)#4; +P HCNN VJG /CI[CTU UGK\GF VJG KPJGTKVCPEG QH #VVKNC CPF VJG #XCT -JCPU 6JG EJKGHVCKPU QH VJG UGXGP *WPICTKCP VTKDGU CPF QH VJTGG LQKPGF -CDCT VTKDGU Å&#x2030;EJQUG CU VJGKT JGTGFKVCT[ RTKPEG VJG CEEQTFKPI VQ HCOKN[ NQTG FGUEGPFCPV HTQO #VVKNC CPF VJG $WNICTKCP )[WNC NKPG VJG UQP QH VJGKT OKNKVCT[ NGCFGT #NOQU #TRCFÅ&#x2030; 2TKPEKRCN FKIPKV[ YCU JGTGFKVCT[ HTQO VJG OQOGPV #TRCF YCU EJQUGP 6JG #TRCF NKPG YQWNF TWNG *WPICT[ WPVKN KV KU TGOCTMCDNG VJCV VJG PGKIJDQWTKPI JQWUG QH VJG 2rGO[UNKFU TWPPKPI $QJG OKC TGKIPGF WPVKN JCXKPI UVCTVGF CV CTQWPF VJG UCOG VKOG KP +OOGFKCVGN[ TGUKUVCPEG CTQUG VQ VJG FQOKPCPEG QH )TGCV /QTCXKC CPF C DQPF YCU HQTIGF CICKPUV 5YC VQRNWM UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT /QTCXKC 1PEG VJG )TGCV /QTCXKCP 'ORKTG UVCTVGF FKUKPVGITCVKPI VJG /CI [CTU GPICIGF KP OCUUKXG RKNNCIKPI URTGGU KP XCUV RCTVU QH 'WTQRG %QPVGORQTCTKN[ VJG[ YGTG TGHGTTGF VQ CU JQTUGDCEM OQPUVGTU (KTUV EJGEMGF D[ *GPT[ + KP CV /GTUGDWTI VJG /CI[CTU OGV VJGKT FGHKPKVKXG GPF YJGP GORGTQT 1VVQ + EQPSWGTGF VJGO KP VJG DCVVNG QP VJG .GEJHGNF KP 7RQP VJGKT FGHGCV QP VJG DCVVNGHKGNF VJG PQOCFKE JQTUGOGP ITGY VQ DG C RGCEGHWN CITCTKCP RGQRNG 9KVJ VJG TKUG QH )G\C + CPF JKU UQP 5VGRJGP + VJG EJKGHVCKPU TGNKPSWKUJGF VJGKT RQYGT 6KOGU YGTG VTQWDNGF WPFGT VJG #TRCFU LWUV CU WPFGT VJGKT $QJGOKCP EQWPVGTRCTVU VJG 2rGO[UNKFU #HVGT TGURGEVKXGN[ XCTKQWU HQTGKIP JQWUGU TQUG VQ RQYGT +H $QJGOKC GZRCPFGF QPN[ NKVVNG OCKPN[ VQYCTFU 2QNCPF *WPICT[ UWDUVCPVKCNN[ GZVGPFGF KVU VGTTKVQT[ VQ VJG PQTVJ 2QNCPF CU YGNN CU VQ VJG GCUV

VJG $CNMCP

56'2*#0 +

+P VJG UQP QH )G\C + 8CLM YCU DCRVKUGF D[ C RTKGUV HTQO VJG FKQEGUG QH 2CUUCW *GPEGHQTVJ JG DQTG VJG PCOG QH 2CUUCWÅ&#x2030;U RCVTQP UCKPV VJG OCTV[T 5VGRJGP +P 2QRG 5[NXGUVGT ++ UGPV CP GPXQ[ RTG UGPVKPI 5VGRJGP YKVJ VJG TQ[CN ETQYP VJG %TQYP QH 5V 5VGRJGP CPF VJG CRQUVQNKE ETWEKHKZ CVVCEJGF VQ C NQPI UVCHH FQWDNG ETQUU VQ EQPXG[ JKU ITCVKVWFG HQT 5VGRJGPÅ&#x2030;U EQPVKPWKPI FKUUGOKPCVKQP QH %JTKUVKCPKV[ 5VGRJGP YCU ECPQPKUGF KP &GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 56'2*#085 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 4')+# %+8+6#5 %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

6JG ETQUU KU VJG UKIP QH .CVKP %JTKUVKCPKV[ 4')+5 %+8+6#5 KPFKECVGU VJG OKPV KOKVCVKQP QH 4GIGPUDWTI EQKPU 4Â¾VJ[ OGPVKQPU )TCP C TQ[CN EKV[ CNUQ UGCV QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR VJG RTKOCVG QH *WPICT[ YJQ UWRGTXKUGF VJG EQKP

2'6'4 + CPF

2GVGT 7TUGQNQ YCU C UQP QH 5VGRJGP +Å&#x2030;U UKUVGT #HVGT 5VGRJGPÅ&#x2030;U FGOKUG VJG EQWPVT[ UNKF KPVQ C VWTDWNGPV RGTKQF WPVKN 2GVGT CPF 5QNQOQP YGTG RWV HQTVJ D[ VJG )GTOCP GORGTQT 5COWGN #DC CPF #PFTGY + TQUG VJTQWIJ TGXQNWVKQPU #FXGTUCTKGU YGTG CDQWV CU YGNN VJG /CIPCVGU 2GVGT + 5COWGN #DC CPF #P FTGY YGTG UCXCIGN[ UNCWIJVGTGF 5VKNN *GPT[ +++ FKFPÅ&#x2030;V UWEEGGF CVVCKPKPI FQOKPCPEG QXGT *WPICT[ &GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2'6485 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2#0010+# %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

5#/7'. #.$#

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 4': 5#/8*'. 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2#010'+# %0* IT 44 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

441

HUNGARY

#0&4'#5 +

#PFTGY YCU C UQP QH 8C\WN YJQ JCF VTKGF VQ JCXG 5VGRJGP + CUUCUUKPCVGF 6JGTGHQTG 5VGRJGP + TGUKUVGF EQPVKPWKPI VJKU DTCPEJŉU TGKIP &GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU OCFG QH VJTGG NKPGU YKVJ RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP EGPVTG QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4': #0&4'#5 4 %TQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP EGPVTG CPF QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2#010'+# %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP

$'.# + CU &WMG

&GPCT # .QPI NCVKP ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP QPG CPING $'.# &8: 4 .QPI NCVKP ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2#0010+# %0* IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN %0* OGPVKQPU ŋ(ÒJTGTŌ VCPVCOQWPV VQ FWMG

5#.1/10 +

&GPCT # -KPI HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU 5#.1/10+ 4': 4 1TD YKVJ HQWT VTKCPINGU YKVJKP EKTENG CPF NQPI NCVKP ETQUU 2#0 010'0+# %0* IT 1DXGTUG GZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM TGXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # -KPI HCEKPI YKVJ TCKUGF JCPF CPF ETQUU 4': 5#.1/10+ 4 2# 010 +# KP VJTGG NKPGU %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

)'<# + CU &WMG

&GPCT # 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING &8: /#)085 4 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING 2#010#+ %0* IT /CIPKHKEGPV VQPG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ )G\C + CU FWMG CU MKPI 6GZV QP QDXGTUG # CPF 8 KP /#)085 CTG WRUKFG FQYP 6GZV TGXGTUG KNNGIKDNG RCTVN[ DGECWUG VJG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG RTQVTWFGU

442

HUNGARY .#&+5.#75 + .CFKUNCWU EQWNF ITCFWCNN[ DTKPI EJCQU VQ C JCNV PQV KOOGFKCVGN[ QPN[ CHVGT VJG FGCVJ QH VJG EQWPVGTMKPI 5CNQOQP ! 7PFGT .CFKUNCWUÅ&#x2030; RTGFGEGUUQTU VJG EQKP JCF FGVGTKQTCVGF *G TGUVQTGF EQKPCIG UG EWTGF KPFGRGPFGPEG UQNKFKHKGF CWVJQTKV[ CPF EQPSWGTGF 5NCXQPKC CPF %TQCVKC 'XGP FWTKPI JKU NKHG JG YCU XGPGTCVGF CU C UCKPV +P JG YCU ECPQPKUGF 5WEJ YCU JKU UVCVWTG VJCV KP VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ JG YCU FGRKEVGF C UCKPV QP EQKPU 7PFGT JKU UWEEGUUQT VJG TGXGTUG QH EQKPU TGCF .#&+5.#85 4':

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI .#&+5%.#85 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5%.#85 4': %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\ICNGTKG /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

-1.1/#0 -QNQOCP URTGCFGF VJG HTQPVKGTU QH *WPICT[ CNQPI VJG EQCUV QH &CNOCVKC DGVYGGP <CTC CPF 5RCNCVQ

&GPCT # (QWT ETQUUGU CTQWPF RGNNGV %#./#0 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

&GPCT # .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ QTPCOGPVGF NKODU %# $8 *# &' 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCP ING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ *WU\ 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KU CEEQTFKPI VQ 4Â¾VJ[ %# .# /# 4' %#./#0 4':

&GPCT # .QPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF YKVJ QTPCOGPVGF NKODU %# $8 *# &' 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCP ING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG 0WO -TKPI 4QVVGTFCO 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KU CEEQTFKPI VQ 4Â¾VJ[ %# .# /# 4'

&GPCT # 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP QPG CPING %1.8/$#085 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP QPG CPING %1.8/$#085 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': PQV XKUKDNG %0* IT 5OCNN HCWNV KP VJG FKG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

0WO -TKPI 4QVVGTFCO &QWDVNGUUN[ VJG VGZV QP VJG TGXGTUG TGCFU .#&+5.#85 4': VJQWIJ JGTG KV TCVJGT TGUGODNGU C UGTKGU QH FQVU

443

HUNGARY

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ VYQ NQPIGT NKODU CPF QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING %'*#085 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&+5.#85 4': %0* IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

-1.1/#0 VQ )'<# ++

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV VYQ VTKCPINGU CPF ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING 4 5OCNN EKTENG YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING YKVJKP VYQ EKTENGU YKVJ UKZ RGNNGVU DGVYGGP VJGO %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING KP SWCVTGHQKN HQWT UOCNN ETQUUGU CTQWPF 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING %0* IT &CTM RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

&GPCT # 1TPCOGPVGF ETQUU YKVJ VYQ CTEJGU CTQWPF GCEJ NKOD ETGUEGPVU QP VJG GFIG 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

56'2*#0 ++

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI 56'2*#085 4': TGVTQITCFG %0* IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ X # WPKHCEG OGFCN 4GVJ[ FQGU PQVG C TGXGTUG YKVJ .#&+5.#85 4':

$'.# ++ $GNC JCF DGGP DNKPFGF CPF JG YTGCMGF VGTTKDNG XGPIGCPEG JCXKPI VJG RGTUQPU JG JGNF TGURQPUKDNG OCUUC ETGF 0GXGTVJGNGUU $GNC YQWNF DG VJG HQWPFKPI HCVJGT QH VJG NCVVGT JQWUG QH TWNKPI *WPICTKCP MKPIU JKU YKHG +NQPC FCWIJVGT QH VJG 5GTDKCP )TCPF 2TKPEG 7TQÄ¦ DGCTKPI JKO HKXG EJKNFTGP YJKNG 5VGRJGP + .CFKUNCWU + CPF %QNQOCP CNN FKGF JGKTNGUU

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI DGVYGGP VYQ VTGGU / $ 4 ' /10'6# $'.#' 4')+5 4 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ QPG VTKCPING KP GCEJ CPING .#&.#85 4': %0* IT 4GXGTUG C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

444

HUNGARY

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF 4': $'.# 4 %TQUU YKVJ VYQ VTKCPINGU CPF VYQ UVTKRGU KP VJG CPINGU %0* IT &CTM RCVKPC GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9TWEM $GTNKP

)'<# ++

*CF DGGP &WMG QH $QUPKC RTKQT VQ JKU VJTQPG CUEGPUKQP &GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU QPG VTKCPING CPF UVTKRG KP GCEJ CPING ) '+ %# 4' 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %0* IT &CTM ITGGP RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG

6QFGTK (NQTGPEG

56'2*#0 +8 6JG EQWPVGTMKPI 5VGRJCP +++ UQP QH )G\C ++ JCF ITGCV VTQWDNG CESWKTKPI VJG VJTQPG PQDKNKV[ QRRQUKPI JKU CUEGPUKQP 6JG PQDNGOGP HCXQWTGF .CFKUNCWU ++ YJQ JQYGXGT FKGF CHVGT C OGTG JCNH [GCT 6JG UGEQPF EQWPVGTMKPI 5VGRJCP +8 CHVGT VJTGG [GCTU QH TWNG YCU XCPSWKUJGF D[ VJG TKIJVHWN DGCTGT QH VJG ETQYP QH 5V 5VGRJGP 5VGRJGP +++ YJQ JCF JKU FGHGCVGF DTQVJGT TGVWTP VQ JKU RCVTQP VJG D[\CPVKPG GO RGTQT /CPWGN

$TQP\G # 6YQ HKIWTGU UKVVKPI $GNC ++ N CPF 5VGRJCP +8 T YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4': 565 T 4': $'.# N 4 /CTKC UKVVKPI YKVJ NKU CPF EJKNF VJTGG TKPIU DGVYGGP VYQ UVTKRGU VYQ ETQUUGU KP HKGNF 5#06# /#4+# %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9TWEM $GTNKP #EEQTFKPI VQ 4Â¾VJ[ VJG QDXGTUG JCU VQ UJQY C OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U UKIPCVWTG + ECP FKUEGTP PQ UWEJ VJKPI 4Â¾VJ[ GNWEKFCVGU 9JGP /CPWGN D[\CPVKPG GORGTQT FKUEGTPGF VJG TGUKUVCPEG KP VJG EQWPVT[ CICKPUV 5VGRJGP +8 JG CDCPFQPGF JKU RTQVGIÂ¾ CPF CEMPQYNGFIGF VJG TGKIP QH 5VGRJGP +++ VQ DG TKIVHWN JQYGXGT KP TGVWTP YKUJGF VQ VCMG $GNC C [QWPIGT DTQVJGT QH VJG MKPI YKVJ JKO VQ %QPUVCPVKPQRNG JG RNGFIGF VQ OCMG JKO VJG JGKT VQ VJG D[\CPVKPG VJTQPG CPF VQ DGVTQVJ JKO VQ JKU FCWIJVGT 6JG GORGTQTÅ&#x2030;U QHHGT YCU VCMGP CPF $GNC YCU FGNKXGTGF KPVQ VJG )TGGM GPXQ[Å&#x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

$TQP\G # +OKVCVKQP QH #TCDKCP VGZV 4 +OKVCVKQP QH #TCDKCP VGZV %0* IT 6TCEGU QH C DGPF XGT[ HKPG

9TWEM $GTNKP

445

HUNGARY $'.# +++ VQ #0&4'#5 ++ 6JG TGKIP QH $GNC +++ YCU HKPCPEKCNN[ UQWPF CPF KOOKITCVKQP DQQOGF *WPICT[ŉU RQRWNCVKQP JCXKPI DGGP FKOKPKUJGF $GECWUG QH VJKU $GNC YCU MPQYP CU ŋVJG )NQTKQWUŌ CPF JG OCKPVCKPGF C EQWTV QH TQ[CN URNGPFQWT KP )TCP *G KPEQTRQTCVGF VJG FQWDNG CRQUVQNKE ETQUU UGG 5VGRJGP + KPVQ JKU EQCV QH CTOU 7PFGT $GNC +++ VJG %JTKUVKCP MKPIFQO QH 5VGRJGP VJG 5CKPV TGCEJGF KVU CRQIGG CPF HNQWTKUJGF

&GPCT # %TQUU OCFG QH RGNNGV YKVJ QPG ETGUEGPV CPF ETQUU KP GCEJ CPING 4 1TPCOGPVGF ETQUU %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

&GPCT # %TQUU YKVJ NQPI JQTK\QPVCN NKOD GKIJV RGNNGVU HQWT 'ŉU CPF VYQ ETQUUGU KP HKGNF 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING %0* IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

&GPKGT # %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU CPF EQPPGEVGF D[ NKPGU QH RGNNGVU QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 *QTK\QPVCN NKPG GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU YKVJ RGNNGV KP EGPVTG CPF DGVYGGP HQWT RGNNGVU CPF VYQ ETQUUGU %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

#0&4'#5 ++

6JG TKIJVHWN UWEEGUUQT VQ $GNC +++ YCU JKU UQP 'OOGTKE DWV YCU FGHKGF D[ VJG UGEQPF DQTP #PFTGY ++ 6JG NCVVGT JCF CNTGCF[ CFQTPGF JKOUGNH YKVJ VJG VKVNG QH FWMG QH &CNOCVKC %TQCVKÀ HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG 5NCXQPKC CPF %TQCVKC YGTG WPKVGF GVE #HVGT C HGWF DGVYGGP VJG VYQ DTQVJGTU VJG GNFGT DGECOG MKPI QH 5GTDKC CPF VJG [QWPIGT VQQM *WPICT[ &GPCT # 5GCVGF HKIWTG YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DKTF HCNEQP! #5 4 %TQYPGF ENGTKECN HKIWTG WPFGT CPPWNGV CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU YKVJ ETQUU QP VQR %0* IT 44 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6Q DQVJ UKFGU C ENGTI[OCP +P O[ QRKPKQP UK\G CPF YGKIJV ECPPQV DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJKU RGTKQF

8GT[ HKPG

&GPCT # 6QYGT DGVYGGP VYQ HCEGU QXGT ETGUEGPV CPF UVCT 4 2CPVJGT N WPFGT VTGG %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

/WPVGPDGWTU 7NO

446

&GPCT # &QWDNGF ETQUU N CPF RCPVJGT T 4 )TKHHQP %0* IT

/WPVGPDGWTU 7NO

HUNGARY $'.# +8 &WG VQ VJG PWOGTQWU FKURWVGU DGVYGGP 'OOGTKE #PFTGY CPF QVJGTU FGUQNCVKQP JGNF C HKTO ITKR QP VJG EQWPVT[ GPVKEKPI 6CVCT JQTFGU VQ KPXCFG *WPICT[ $GNC +8 UQP QH #PFTGY ++ YCU FGHGCVGF D[ VJG 6C VCTU KP VJG $CVVNG QH /QJK *WPICT[ UGGOGF NQUV CNN VJG OQTG UKPEG VJG UWTTQWPFKPI PCVKQPU YQWNFPŉV EQOG VQ VJG CKF 5EJCKDCP DGECOG VJG PGY MKPI $GNC +8 JCF YKVJFTCYP VQ VJG KUNCPF 6TCÏ #U UWFFGP CU VJG[ JCF UYCTOGF *WPICT[ VJG 6CVCTU QP VJG QTFGTU QH $CVW %JCP TGVTGCVGF HTQO VJG GPVKTG EQWPVT[ KPFWEGF D[ VJG FGOKUG QH VJG )TGCV -JCP 1IQVCK *WPICT[ YCU NGHV FGUVKVWVG CPF FGRQRWNCVGF $GNC VTCPUHGTTGF JKU TGUKFGPEG HTQO )TCP VQ 1HGP CPF UVCTVGF TGDWKNFKPI +P $GNC +8 YCU FGHGCVGF CV VJG ICVGU QH 9KGPGT 0GWUVCFV D[ (TGFGTKEM QH #WUVTKC YJQ FKGF KP VJG EQWTUG # EQPHNKEV QXGT UWEEGUUKQP KIPKVGF KP YJKEJ 2rGO[UN 1VVQMCT ++ D[ VJGP UVKNN OCTITCXG QH /QTCXKC YCU VJG OCKP EQPVGPFGT 1VVQMCT HQTEGF (TGFGTKEMŉU YKFQY KPVQ OCTTKCIG *QYGXGT UJG ECNNGF WRQP VJG CKF QH $GNC YJQ YCU CYCTFGF VJG 5V[TKC KP VJG TGUWNVKPI RGCEG PGIQVKCVKQPU EH #WUVTKC CPF 5V[TKC

&GPCT # .COD YKVJ ETQUU 4': $'.# 38#4685 4 %TQYPGF MKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 80)# 4+' %0* IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI 4 %TQUU YKVJ EKTENG CPF 4 KP EGPVTG $ ' . # KP VJG CPINGU %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

/WPVGPDGWTU 7NO

&GPCT # #PIGN RKGTEKPI FTCIQP 4 $'.# ' 4': YKVJ NGVVGT JGDTGY! KP EGPVTG %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI $'.# 4': 4 'CING T %0* IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

/WPVGPDGWTU 7NO

5-# $GTP 6JG QDXGTUG CRRGCTU VQ DGCT OQTG VGZV

&GPCT # -KPI QP CTEJ N YKVJ ETQUU $'.# 4': 4 %TQUU YKVJ EKTENG PGCT VJG EGPVTG CPF QPG UVCT KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# 4')+5 2 *80)#4+# %0* IT /KPQT HNCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /ÒPEJGP

&GPCT # (QWT UVTKRGU DGVYGGP UVCT CPF ETGUEGPV /10'6# $'.' 4')+5 4 )TKHHQP T %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$CNFYKP .QPFQP

447

HUNGARY

&GPCT # 5JKGNF YKVJ RCVTKCTEJCN ETQUU $'.# 4': 4 5V[NK\GF ECUVNG %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF HKIWTG UGCVGF YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD $ 4 %0* IT

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV *GCF N YKVJ TQUGU KP VJG JCKT %0* IT

0KEG RQTVTCKV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV *GCF N YKVJ TQUGU KP VJG JCKT %0* IT

5OCNN HNCP ETCEM GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ 6JG NKUV TGHGTU VQ $GNC +++ * CPF '*

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN 4¾VJ[ ENCUUKHKGU VJKU WPFGT ŋ$TCMVGCVGPŌ DWV KV KU OQTG QH C WPKHCEG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

$TCMVGCV # /QWPVGF MKPI T YKVJ HCNEQP %0* IT

8GT[ HKPG

/WPVGPDGWTU 7NO

$TCMVGCV # %TQUU YKVJ VJTGG VKOGU RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP VJG CPINGU CPF QPG ETQUU KP CPPWNGV %0* IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN $GNC KU VJG QPN[ VQ JCXG KUUWGF DTCEVGCVGU

(QWPF KP ECVCNQIWG QH /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP PQ ō5VCFV 8KNNKPIGP $TCMVGCV WO 0GITQKFGT -QRH OKV UVTWRRKIGO *CCT FGU 5VCFVRCVTQPU FGU JGKNKIGP $CTPCDCU KO 9WNUVTKPI 5NI $QPJQHH $GTIGT

#DD $GK %0* *WU\CT ŋ

$TCMVGCV # 6 YKVJ HKXG RGNNGVU KP CPF QPG RCVTKCTEJCN ETQUU QP KV VYQ RGNNGVU CPF VYQ TQUGVVGU KP HKGNF %0* IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

$TCMVGCV # $GCTFGF JGCF T 4': $'.# %0* IT

#NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 'NGRJCPV YKVJ VQYGT QP DCEM %0* 5WRRNGOGPV IT 'ZVTGOGN[ TCTG 5NKIJVGN[ ENGCPGF XGT[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ 6JKU DTCEVGCVG OQFGN UWTHCEGF KP VYQ URGEKOGPU YKVJ 4¾VJ[ CPF JG KPENWFGF VJGO KP JKU ŋ0CEJVTCIŌ 6JG GNGRJCPV DTKPIU 4 RGTKQF #PFTGCU +++ VQ OKPF 4¾VJ[ TGHGTU VQ VJG OCIC\KPG ŋ8LGUPKMŌ R KUUWGF D[ VJG %TQCVKCP #TEJGQNQIKECN 5QEKGV[ #VVTKDWVKQP VQ $GNC +8 FWG VQ VJG HCEV VJCV DTCEVGCVGU YGTG UVTWEM KP VJKU RGTKQF GZENWUKXGN[

448

HUNGARY 56'2*#0 8 5VGRJCP 8 FKGF CHVGT QPN[ VYQ [GCTU QH QHHKEG GODKVVGTGF CU JG YCU D[ JKU YKHGŉU CEVKQPU YJQ YCU VJG CTEJKVGEV DGJKPF VJG CDFWEVKQP QH VJGKT UQP .CFKUNCWU +8 +P VJKU RGTKQF VJG VYQ UKIPKHKECPV OCTTKCIGU VJG XQYU VCMGP YJKNUV $GNC +8 UVKNN TGKIPGF CTG VJQUG QH 5VGRJGPŉU FCWIJVGT /CTKC VQ %JCTNGU + QH #PLQW CPF $GNCŉU ITCPFFCWIJVGT -WPKIWPFG YKVJ 2rGO[UN 1VVQMCT ++ QH $QJGOKC

&GPCT # %TQYPGF HKIWTG YKVJ TCKUGF JCPFU 4 .KU YKVJ VYQ DTCPEJGU 4': 56'2#085 %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP

&GPCT # /CP YKVJ NKQPŉU DQF[ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF T 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP CPPWNGV KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# 80)#4+' %0* IT # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF N /10'6# 80)#4+' 4 6YQ DKTFU YKVJ 0 #NGRJ DGVYGGP VJGO %0* IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF N YKVJ TKPI KP HTQPV * 80)#4+' 4 6YQ DKTFU YKVJ 0 #NGRJ DGVYGGP VJGO %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GUU &KXQ <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 9CNN YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU CPF ICVG YKVJKP EKTENG QH TQUGU %0* IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9GUVH /ÒP\CWMVKQP #WEVKQP PQ

.#&+5.#75 +8 7PFGT .CFKUNCWU +8 VJG UKVWCVKQP KP *WPICT[ YQTUGPGF 2rGO[UN 1VVQMCT ++ QH $QJGOKC VTKGF VQ UGK\G *WPICT[ DWV KP XCKP 6QIGVJGT YKVJ 4WFQNRJ QH #WUVTKC YJQ YCU C %JTKUVKCP MKPI CU YGNN 1VVQMCT YCU FGHGCVGF QP VJG /CTEJHGNF KP 0GXGTVJGNGUU OCVVGTU TGOCKPGF KP C DCF YC[

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF N 4': .#&+5.# 4 #PIGN RKGTEKPI FTCIQP YKVJ NCPEG %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GUU &KXQ <ÒTKEJ #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 0WFGNOCP $WFCRGUV #WEVKQP PQ

449

HUNGARY

&GPCT # 6YQ JGCFU WPFGT FQWDNGF CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 4 &TCIQP N %0* IT 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ

&GPCT # 6YQ JGCFU WPFGT FQWDNGF CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 4 &TCIQP N %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU UQOGYJCV FKHHGTU HTQO PQ

&GPCT # 6YQ JGCFU WPFGT FQWDNGF CTEJ YKVJ VQYGT DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 4 &TCIQP N %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI QXGT RCVTKCTEJCN ETQUU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 4 $GCUV YKVJ JWOCPŉU JGCF CPF YKPIU %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI QXGT RCVTKCTEJCN ETQUU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQYGTU 4 $GCUV YKVJ JWOCPŉU JGCF CPF YKPIU %0* IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÌNPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -ÌNP

2TGO[UNKFGP .#&+5.#75 9'0<'. #PFTGY +++ TGOCKPGF EJKNFNGUU #HVGT XCPSWKUJKPI #NDTGEJV QH *CDUDWTI UQP QH -KPI 4WFQNRJ JG TG EQXGTGF VJG YJQNG QH *WPICT[ #PFTGCU TGEGKXGF RQYGTHWN UWRRQTV D[ JKU OQVJGT 2QRG $QPKHCEKWU 8+++ GPVKVNGF %JCTNGU + QH #PLQW VQ VJG *WPICTKCP VJTQPG JG JQYGXGT FKGF UWFFGPN[ KP CPF CHVGT #P FTGCUŉ OQVJGT JCF CNUQ RCUUGF CYC[ #PFTGCU +++ FKGF VJG NCUV QH VJG #TRCF F[PCUV[ KP 9GPEGUNCWU YCU VJG ITCPFEJKNF QH -WPKIWPFG CPF 2rGO[UN 1VVQMCT ++ QH $QJGOKC DWV JG FKFPŉV CUEGPF FKTGEVN[ 'XGP FWTKPI #PFTGYŉU NKHG PQDKNKV[ JCF ECNNGF VJG UQP QH %JCTNGU + %JCTNGU 4QDGTV VQ VJG VJTQPG CPF ETQYPGF JKO KP )TCP 6JG &KGV CPWNNGF VJKU EQTQPCVKQP CPF VJWU 9GPEGUNCWU GPICIGF VQ 'NKUCDGVJ VJG FCWIJVGT QH #PFTGY EQWNF DGEQOG MKPI *G ECNNGF JKOUGNH .CFKUNCWU +P JG YCKXGF CNN JKU TKIJVU DTQMG QHH JKU GPICIGOGPV CPF EGFGF JKU RQUUGUUKQPU VQ %JCTNGU 4QDGTV 2QRG %NGOGPU 8 FKF PQV EQPUGPV RTQORVKPI VJG WPYKNNKPI .CFKUNCWU 9GPEGUNCWU VQ CDCPFQP VJG EQWP VT[ KP +P VJG UCOG [GCT %JCTNGU 4QDGTV YCU CEMPQYNGFIGF VQ DG MKPI CPF JG YCU ETQYPGF VYQ [GCTU NCVGT KP )TCP

&GPCT # /QWPVGF MKPI YKVJ UYQTF T 4 &TCIQP N %0* IT 4 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ

450

HUNGARY

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 *CTR[ %0* IT 4 /KPQT HNCP ETCEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 *CTR[ %0* IT 4 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ (TQO VJG .GZKMQP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPFGT (CDGNYGUGP +P VJG /KFFNG #IGU PQV QPN[ VJG CPEKGPV YKPIGF IKTNU YKVJ VCNQPU TGURGEVKXGN[ DKTFU YKVJ IKTNUÅ&#x2030; JGCFU VQ UQOG GZVGPV TGHGTTGF VQ CU *CTRKGU YGTG ECNNGF UKTGPU DWV CNUQ VJG UGC OCKFGPU OGTOCKFU YKVJ C UKPING QT C HKUJVCKN 5KTGPU OQTG CEEWTCVGN[ 1EGCPKFU *W XCT

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 *GCF HCEKPI YKVJKP HNQTCN QTPCOGPV %0* IT 4 +PVGTGUVKPI KNNWUVTCVKQP GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # %TQYPGF DWUV HCEKPI 4 5SWKTTGN ! T YKVJ RGNNGV KP HTQPV %0* IT 4 #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

*QWUG #PLQW -#4. 41$'46 %JCTNGU 4QDGTVÅ&#x2030;U RQNKVKECN OCTM QP VJG EQWPVT[ YQWNF DG C NCUVKPI QPG CU KV YCU VTWN[ ITQWPFDTGCMKPI %QKPCIG YCU VJQTQWIJN[ TGUVTWEVWTGF CPF CFCRVGF VQ 9GUVGTP CPF 5QWVJGTP 'WTQRGCP UVCPFCTFU VQ OGGV VJG PGGFU QH *WPICT[Å&#x2030;U ITQYKPI GEQPQO[ )QNF EQKPU *WPICT[ YCU VJG OCKP 'WTQRGCP RTQFWEGT QH IQNF CPF ITQCVU YGTG KPVTQFWEGF 6JWU %JCTNGU 4QDGTV NCKF VJG HQWPFCVKQPU HQT VJG UWEEGUUHWN TGKIP QH JKU UQP .QWKU +

&GVCKN

)QNFIWNFGP CHVGT # (NGWT FG NKU QH HNQTGPVKPG -#41.8 4': 4 5CKPV LQJP VJG $CRVKUV 5 +1*#00'5 $ Ã± %0* (D 2QJN # IT 4 8GT[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #WEVKQP PQ +U VJG OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U UKIPCVWTG C ETQYP CU PQVGF KP ECV QT C ECUVNG! 9JCV KU ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV JQNFKPI KP JKU TKIJV JCPF! 6JG ECV OGPVKQPU C DNGUUKPI JCPF

451

HUNGARY

)TQUEJGP # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD XKPG NGCHU DGPGCVJ VJG VJTQPG /10'6' -#41.+ 4')+5 *70)#4+' 4 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ #PLQW WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QUVTKEJÅ&#x2030;U JGCF JQNFKPI JQQH KTQP CPF DGVYGGP 5 CPF NKU *1014 4')+5 +8&+%+8/ &+.+)+6 %0* IT /KPQT UETCVEJGU CPF YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ )TQUEJGP 6JG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG YCU OQFGNNGF CHVGT VJG 0CRQNKVCP )TQCV

)TQUEJGP # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD XKPG NGCHU DGPGCVJ VJG VJTQPG /10'6' -#41.+ 4')+5 *70)#4+' 4 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ #PLQW WPFGT JGNOGV YKVJ QUVTKEJÅ&#x2030;U JGCF JQNFKPI JQQH KTQP CPF DGVYGGP 5 CPF NKU *1014 4')+5 +8&+%+8/ &+.+)+6 %0* IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU QVJGTYKUG GZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI YKVJ UERGVTG CPF QTD 4 *GNOGV YKVJ QTPCV ETGUV QUVTKEJ HQWT ETQUUGU KP HKGNF / 4')+5 *80)#4+' %0* IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM HQT VJKU V[RG 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP

&GPCT # 'PVJTQPGF MKPI HCEKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD 4 .COD YKVJ DCPPGT N / 4')+5 -#48.+ %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TQO NKUV PQ

'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ &CVG

&GPKGT # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ ETQYPGF ECR / 4')+5 -#48.+ 4 )TGCV NKU DGVYGGP $ CPF 6 %0* IT 44 /CIPKHKEGPV RQTVTCKV C NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN (TQO NKUV PQ &CVG

452

HUNGARY

&GPCT # %TQYPGF JGCF HCEKPI /10'6# 4')+5 -#48.+ 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU DGVYGGP VYQ ETQYPGF JGCFU VYQ NKU CPF VYQ DKTFU %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG TGXGTUG UJQYU VJG UCOG FGUKIP CU VJG 5NCXQPKE EQKPU

.7&9+) + .QWKU HQNNQYGF KP JKU HCVJGTÅ&#x2030;U HQQVUVGRU CPF VQQM C RTQITGUUKXG RQNKVKECN UVCPEG +P JG GUVCDNKUJGF C RGTUQPCN DQPF YKVJ 2QNCPF *G TGUVQTGF VJG U[UVGO QH HGWFCNKUO KP VJG $CNMCP CPF FKRNQOCVKE VKGU VQ 0CRGNU 6JG QNF NWUVTG QH VJG MKPIFQO *WPICT[ YCU PQY TGXKXGF *G GUVCDNKUJGF OKPVU KP %CVVCTQ <CTC 4GF 4WVJGPKC CPF 2QNCPF #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH JKU WPENG MKPI %CUKOKT QH 2QNCPF KP JG GXGP DGECOG MKPI QH 2QNCPF *G WPKVGF 4GF 4WVJGPKC YKVJ *WPICT[

)QNFIWNFGP # (NGWT FG NKU QH HNQTGPVKPG .1&18+%+ 4': 4 5CKPV ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV 5 +1*#00'5 Ã± %0* (D 2QJN $ IT 5OCNN UETCVEJGU XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6QFGTK (NQTGPEG 6JG ETQYP VQYCTFU VJG GPF QH VJG VGZV QP VJG QDXGTUG KU RTQDCDN[ C OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U UKIPCVWTG $WV YJQUG!

)QNFIWNFGP # 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ #PLQW KP UKZHQKN .1&18+%85 &'+ )4#%+# 4': 4 5CKPV ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV 5 +1*# 00'5 Ã± 5CTCEGPÅ&#x2030;U JGCF T %0* (D 2QJN $ IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN #U HQT VJG UCTCEGPÅ&#x2030;U JGCF 4Â¾VJ[ QP R 6JG UCTCEGPÅ&#x2030;U JGCF YCU VJG EQCV QH CTOU QH VJG 5\GTGEGP 5CTCEGPWU HCOKN[ QH /GU\VGIP[G QH YJKEJ YG RQUUGUU FQEWOGPVGF MPQYNGFIG VJCV VJGKT OGODGTU YGTG NGUUGGU QH VJG UCNV QHHKEGU CPF VJG QPG VJKTVKGVJ QHHKEGU KP *WPICT[ CPF 6TCPU[NXCPKC YKVJ TGICTF VQ VJGKT CPEGUVT[ + JCXG TGHGTTGF VQ VJG OGTEJCPVU CPF DCPMGTU CEVKPI KP #TRCF VKOGU KP C RTGXKQWU RCRGT /CI[CT RGP\XGTQ K\OCGNKVCM GU $GUU\CTCDKC #TCF +UOCGNKVKUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\GT KP 7PICTP WPF $GUUCTCDKGP 5GG SWGUVKQP CV PQ

)TQUEJGP # %TQYPGF MKPI YKVJ UEGRVTG CPF QTD QP IQVJKE VJTQPG .1&18+%85 &'+ )4#%+# 4': *80)#4+' 4 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ #PLQW KP UKZHQKN &#./#%+' %41#%+' '6% %0* IT (NCP ETCEM YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

453

HUNGARY

&GPCT # 5CTCEGPÅ&#x2030;U JGCF /10'6# .1&18+%+ 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU 4')+5 *80)#4+' %0* # IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN

&GPCT # 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ #PLQW DGVYGGP VJTGG ETQUUGU .1&18+%+ 4 80)#4+' 4 0KO DCVG 5V .CFKUNCWU YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD ETQUU QXGT $ T 5 .#&+5.#85 4 %0* # IT # NKVVNG WPEGPVGTGF CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

(TCPEGUEJK $TWUUGN #U UQQP CU VJG VJKTF IQNF HNQTKP V[RG QH .QWKU + VJG JQN[ .CFKUNCWU CRRGCTGF VJG *WPICTKCP RCVTQP UCKPV 6JKU YCU WUGF WPVKN *CDUDWTI VKOGU

/#4+# #HVGT .QWKUÅ&#x2030;U FGCVJ VJG ITGCV TGCNO UVCTVGF UJQYKPI ETCEMU 6JG 2QNKUJ YQWNFPÅ&#x2030;V CEMPQYNGFIG /CTKC VJG[ GNGEVGF ,CFYKIC YJQ YCU OCTTKGF VQ )TCPF 2TKPEG ,CIGNNQ QH .KVJWCPKC +P *WPICT[ VQQ /CTKCÅ&#x2030;U ENCKO YCU FGPKGF +P *WPICT[ CPF KP %TQCVKC %JCTNGU QH 0CRGNU YCU EJQUGP CPF ETQYPGF MKPI #HVGT %JCTNGU YCU OWTFGTGF /CTKC YCU VCMGP RTKUQPGT #NVJQWIJ 5KIKUOWPF /CTKCÅ&#x2030;U JWUDCPF HTQO VJG JQWUG QH .WZGODQWTI OCPCIGF DGKPI CEMPQYNGFIGF CPF FGNKXGTGF JKU YKHG HTQO JGT KPECTEGTCVKQP VJKU EQWNFPÅ&#x2030;V RTGXGPV ,CFYKIC QH 2QNCPF VJG CPEGUVTCN OQVJGT QH VJG ,CIGNNQPGU HTQO CPPGZKPI 4GF 4WVJGPKC 5QQP VJG XCUUCN UVCVGU QH /QNFCXKC 9CNCEJ[ CPF 5GTDKC YQWNF FGVCEJ VJGOUGNXGU CU YGNN

&GPCT # / WPFGT ETQYP DGVYGGP VYQ NKU 4')+0' 80)#4+' 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU /10'6# /#4+' %0* IT 4 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

&GPCT # %TQYP QXGT UKIP QH VJG OQPG[GT J ! /#4+' & )4 8)#4+' 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU /10'6# /#4+' 48+ %0* IT 4 +TTGIWNCT HNCP XGT[ HKPG

$GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

&GPCT # %TQYP QXGT % CPF / UKIP QH VJG OQPG[GT /10'6# /#4+# 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU 4'+0# 80)#4+' %0* XCT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG $GEMGPDCWGT /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP

454

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

)QNFIWNFGP $WFC # 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ .WZGODWTI 5+)+5/80&+ & ) 4 80)#4+' 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI OQPG[GTŉU UKIP T 5 .#&+5.#85 4': %0* (D 2QJN IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU DGVYGGP % CPF . /10 5+) +5/80&+ 4 5JKGNF QH *WPICT[ 4')+5 80)#4+' '6 % %0* # XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

*QWUG *CDUDWTI #.$4'%*6 #HVGT 5KIKUOWPF JKU UQP KP NCY #NDTGEJV 8 + QH #WUVTKC YCU EJQUGP CPF C RNGFIG YCU UGCNGF VQ CE MPQYNGFIG JKU EJKNFTGP VQ DG TKIJVHWN JGKTU VQ VJG VJTQPG *QYGXGT #NDTGEJV EQWNFPŉV VWTP VJG VKFG QH FGENKPG KP *WPICT[ KP VJG VYQ [GCTU QH JKU TGKIP

)QNFIWNFGP -TGOPKV\ # 3WCTVGTGF UJKGNF *WPICT[ $QJGOKC #WUVTKC CPF /QTCXKC #.$'4685 & ) 4 80)#4+' 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD - CPF 2 KP HKGNF 5 .#&+5. #85 4': %0* (D 2QJN ' IT #NOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

&GPCT # (QWT UJKGNFU KP VTGHQKN *WPICT[ $QJGOKC #WUVTKC CPF /QTCXKC 4 2CVTKCTEJCN ETQUU DGVYGGP $ CPF / ETQUU QXGT / / #.$'46+ 4 80)#4+' %0* $ IT (NCP ETCEM XGT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ $ / OQPG[GTŉU UKIP 6JKU RKGEG KU C RQUVJWOQWU KUUWG QH SWGGP 'NKUCDGVJ Ŏ FGEGODGT WPFGT VJG VKVNG QH JGT URQWUG 4GEQIPKU CDNG CU UWEJ D[ VJG OQPG[GTŉU UKIPCVWTG

455

HUNGARY +06'44')07/

&GPCT # (QWT UJKGNFU KP VTGHQKN *WPICT[ $QJGOKC #WUVTKC CPF /QTCXKC 4 - 4 KP HKGNF ETQUU QXGT VJG 4 %0* WPFGT #NDTGEJV IT 44 'FIG DTGCMU XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/GKUVGT 5QPPVCI #WEVKQP PQ - 4 OQPG[GTÅ&#x2030;U UKIP +P VJG KPVGTTGIPWO DGVYGGP VJG FGOKUG QH #NDTGEJV 1EVQDGT CPF VJG EQTQPCVKQP QH 9NCFKUNCWU + ,WNK EQKP V[RGU UVTWEM DQTG PQ TGHGTGPEG VQ CP[ NQTF *WU\Â±T R

#V VJG FGOKUG QH #NDTGEJV VJG 6WTMU UVQQF ICVJGTGF CNQPI VJG DQTFGTU QH *WPICT[ #NDTGEJVÅ&#x2030;U RTGIPCPV YKFQY YCU FGGOGF VQQ HGGDNG VQ NGCF VJG EQWPVT[ KPVQ YCT CPF VJG [GCT QNF 'NKUCDGVJ YCU UWOOQPGF VQ OCTT[ VJG 2QNKUJ MKPI .CFKUNCWU + [GCTU JGT LWPKQT QP VJG EQPFKVKQP VJCV C DQTP UQP YQWNF DG VJG UQNG JGKT VQ VJG VJTQPG 'NKUCDGVJ UGGMKPI VQ UGEWTG UWEEGUUKQP HQT JGT WPDQTP EJKNF JCF VJG 5VGRJGPÅ&#x2030;U %TQYP UVQNGP HTQO KVU IWCTFKCPU CV 8KUGITCF CPF UOWIINGF VQ JGT D[ C NCF[ QH JGT EQWTV CEEQTFKPI VQ NGIGPF VJG ETQUU QP VJG ETQYP KU CUMGY DGECWUG KV YCU FCOCIGF FWTKPI VJG GUECRG 6JTGG OQPVJU CHVGT #NDTGEJVÅ&#x2030;U RCTVKPI C UQP .CFKUNCWU YCU DQTP JGPEG .CFKUNCWU 2QUVJWOQWU *G YCU DCRVKUGF CPF ETQYPGF KP 5\Â¾MGUHGJÂ¾TXÂ±T )GTOCP 5VWJNYGKUUGPDWTI /GCPYJKNG .CFKUNCWU JCF GPVGTGF $WFC CPF FGENCTGF VJG EQTQPCVKQP PWNN YJGTGWRQP JG JCF JKOUGNH ETQYPGF #NVJQWIJ 'NKUCDGVJ CPF .CFKUNCWU OCFG CP CVVGORV VQ TGEQPEKNG VJG[ DQVJ RTGVGPFGF HQT VJG VJTQPG CPF EQPVKPWGF HKIJVKPI QXGT KV 6JG HGWF YCUPÅ&#x2030;V VQ NCUV NQPI CU VJG[ DQVJ FKGF UQQP

.#&+5.#75 +

&GPCT # %TQYPGF GCING N /10'6# 9.#&+ &)4# 4': 4 5JKGNF QH 1NF CPF 0GY *WP ICT[ DGVYGGP J CPF $ 4')+5 80)#4+' Q '% '6' %0* $ XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ 7PFGT .CFKUNCWU + HQT VJG HKTUV VKOG C VYQHQNF EQCV QH CTOU YCU WUGF QNF CPF PGY *WPICT[ &GPCTKC QH .CFKUNCWU + JGNF NKVVNG UKNXGT DWV EQPUKUVGF OCKPN[ QH TGF EQRRGT +V KU *WPICT[Å&#x2030;U RQQTGUV EQKPCIG

#P 1UOCPKE UVQTO DTGYKPI CV JGT JQTK\QP *WPICT[ YCU UVKNN CV RGTKN *GT UCXKQWT YQWNF GOGTIG HTQO VJG 8QKXQF NCPFU QH 6TCPU[NXCPKC KP VJG RGTUQP QH ,QJP *WP[CFK #NVJQWIJ JG JCF UWHHGTGF C FGHGCV CICKPUV VJG 1UOCPKE CTOKGU CV 9CTPC JG YCU GNGEVGF TGIGPV YKVJ CP WPFGTCIG MKPI [GV WPHKV VQ TWNG +P *WP[CFK YCU QHHKEKCNN[ QTFCKPGF )QXGTPQT QH *WPICT[ 6GP [GCTU NCVGT UWNVCP /QJCOOGF ++ NGF C XCUV CTO[ VQ VJG ICVGU QH $GNITCFG VJG EKV[ YCU FGHGPFGF D[ *WP[CFKÅ&#x2030;U DTQVJGT KP NCY /KEJCGN 5\KNÂ±I[K CPF *WP[CFK YCU NGHV YKVJ PQ EJQKEG DWV VQ VCMG WR CTOU # UOCNN *WPICTKCP DTKICFG YKVJ VJG CKF QH C EQORCP[ QH ETWUCFGTU UWOOQPGF D[ VJG (TCPEKUECP OQPM ,QJP %CRKUVTCPQ UWEEGGFGF HKIJVKPI DCEM VJG 6WTMU VJQWIJ *WP[CFK YQWNFPÅ&#x2030;V NKXG NQPI GPQWIJ VQ DGJQNF JKU XKEVQT[

.#&+5.#75 8 #HVGT VJKU KPVGTTGIPWO .CFKUNCWU TGVWTPGF VQ RQYGT DTKGHN[ DWV JG UQQP FKGF KP EJCQVKE EKTEWOUVCPEGU KP 2TCIWG RTGUWOCDN[ RQKUQPGF D[ *WUUKVGU

)QNFIWNFGP -TGOPKV\ # 3WCTVGTGF UJKGNF *WPICT[ $QJGOKC #WUVTKC CPF /QTCXKC .#&+5.#85 & ) 4 80)#4+' 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD DGVYGGP - CPF 4 5 .#&+5. #85 4': %0* (D 2QJN * IT 5NKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG 0WO -TKPI 4 FCO

456

HUNGARY *WP[CFKU /#66*+#5 *70;#&+ %148+075 6JG *WPICTKCP RGQRNG GZRTGUUGF VJGKT VJCPMHWNPGUU HQT VJG XKEVQTKQWU TGIGPE[ QH ,QJP *WP[CFK D[ GNGEV KPI [GCT QNF /CVVJKCU *WP[CFK CU IQXGTPQT JKU WPENG /KEJCGN 5\KNÂ±I[K CEVKPI CU C TGIGPV /CVVJKCU YCU KPECTEGTCVGF KP 2TCIWG DWV )GQTI 2QFKGDTCF TGNGCUGF JKO CPF DGVTQVJGF JKO VQ JKU FCWIJVGT 7PFGT /CVVJKCU *WP[CFK *WPICT[ NKXGF VJTQWIJ KVU NCUV OGFKGXCN CRQIGG 9JGP )GQTI 2QFKGDTCF YCU GZEQOOWPKECVGF D[ VJG RQRG QP VJG CEEWUCVKQP QH UWRRQTVKPI VJG *WUUKVGU /CVVJKCU OCTEJGF CICKPUV $QJGOKC VQ EQPSWGT VJG 9GPEGUNCWUÅ&#x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

)QNFIWNFGP 0CI[DCP[C # 3WCTVGTGF UJKGNF 1NF CPF 0GY *WPICT[ TCXGP CPF NKQP QH VJG *WP[CFKU /#6*+#5 & ) 4 80)#4+' 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD DGVYGGP 0 CPF UJKGNF 5 .#&+5.#85 4': %0* $ (D 2QJN - IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV PQ

)QNFIWNFGP -TGOPKV\ # %TQYPGF /CTKC YKVJ EJKNF DGVYGGP VYQ VJKUVNGU CPF QXGT TCXGP YKVJ TKPI KP RGEMGT /#6*+#5 & ) 4 70)#4+' 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD DGVYGGP 0 CPF UJKGNF 5 .#&+5. #854': %0* (D 2QJN - IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF GZVTGOGN[ HKPG URGEKOGP /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGPJCPFNWPI 5VWVVICTV 6JG EQKPU QH /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU UJQY VJG HKTUV CRRGCTCPEG QH /CT[ YKVJ VJG EJKNF ,GUWU QP JGT NCR C OQVKH VJCV YCU OCKPVCKPGF WPVKN

&GPCT # 5JKGNF / /#6*+' 4 80)#4+' 4 /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF DGVYGGP - CPF 2 2#6410 80)#4+' %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG *GTKPGM 9KGP 6JG EQCV QH CTOU KU VJG UCOG CU KP PQ GZEGRV HQT VJG UOCNN EQCV QH CTOU YJKEJ KU OKUUKPI

&GPCT # 5JKGNF /10'6# 80)#4+' 4 0KODCVG /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF DGVYGGP 5 CPF & 2#641 80) %0* IT 4 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

.CP\ )TC\ 5JKGNF 1NF *WPICT[ FQWDNGF %TQUU /QNKPG &CNOCVKC $QJGOKC UJKGNF QH VJG *WP[CFK TCXGP KP EGPVTG 5OCNN UJKGNF YKVJ WPKEQTP

457

HUNGARY ,CIGNNQPGP .#&+5.#75 ++ /CVVJKCU RTGUWOGF JKU UQP ,QJP %QTXKPWU YQWNF UWEEGGF JKO DWV .CFKUNCWU QH $QJGOKC UVGRRGF KP VQ RTGXGPV VJCV 6JG RQNKVKECNN[ OQUV KPHNWGPVKCN CEV QH .CFKUNCWUÅ&#x2030; IQXGTPOGPV YCU VJG 8KGPPC %QPITGUU QH CTTCPIGF YKVJ FKRNQOCVKE OCUVGT[ D[ 'ORGTQT /CZKOKNKCP + CV YJKEJ KP VJG RTGUGPEG QH VJG GORGTQT QH .CFKU NCWU CPF QH DQVJ JKU EJKNFTGP CU YGNN CU QH VJG 2QNKUJ -KPI 5KIKUOWPF + VJG HCOQWU FQWDNG OCTTKCIG DGVYGGP VJG JQWUGU QH *CDUDWTI CPF VJG ,CIKGNNQPU YCU UGCNGF 6JWU CHVGT VJG ,CIKGNNQP *QWUG QH *WP ICT[ JCF DGEQOG GZVKPEV VJG EQWPVT[ HGNN VQ VJG *QWUG *CDUDWTI

)QNFIWNFGP -TGOPKV\ # /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF QXGT GCING XCUG QH HNQYGTU N 9.#&+5.#+ & ) 4 80)#4+ 4 5V .CFKUNCWU UVCPFKPI YKVJ *GNNGDCTFG CPF QTD DGVYGGP - CPF J 5 .#&+5.#8 5 4': ` %0* (D 2QJN . IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CUGN

&GPCT # 5JKGNF YKVJ NKQP QH $QJGOKC KP EGPVTG / 9.#&+5.#+ 4 80)#4+' 4 /CFQPPC YKVJ EJKNF DGVYGGP - CPF / #( $ 2#6410 80)#4+ %0* XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG *GP\GP #OGTQPIGP 6JG EQCV QH CTOU KU VJG UCOG CU KP PQ

&GPCT -TGOPKV\ # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING KP EGPVTG : 9.#&+5.#+ : 4 : 80)#4+ : 4 /CFQPPG YKVJ EJKNF DGVYGGP - CPF ) : 2#6410# : : 80)#4+' : %0* # IT 'ZVTCQTFKPCT[ YGNN UVTWEM URGEKOGP XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*GP\GP #OGTQPIGP (TQO NKUV FGE PQ 6JG EQCV QH CTOU KU VJG UCOG CU KP PQ

458

1DQN -TGOPKV\ # 5JKGNF YKVJ RQNKUJ GCING KP EGPVTG 4 /CFQPPC YKVJ UJKGNF DGVYGGP - CPF * %0* IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG EQCV QH CTOU KU VJG UCOG CU KP PQ

SILESIA

5+.'5+# 6JG PCOG 5KNGUKC FGTKXGU HTQO VJG 8CPFCN RGQRNG QH VJG 5KNKPIK UGG WPFGT /KITCVKQP QH VJG )GT OCPU 8CPFCNU #V VJG DGIKPPKPI QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJKU RGQRNG YCU TWNGF D[ $QJGOKCP UQXGTGKIPU +P 2QNKUJ RTKPEG /KGU\MQ + EQPSWGTGF C OCLQT RCTV QH VJG EQWPVT[ (TQO VJCV OQOGPV 5KNGUKC YCU C HKGTEGN[ HQWIJV QXGT VGTTKVQT[ DGVYGGP $QJGOKC CPF 2QNCPF 7PVKN 5KNGUKC YQWNF TGOCKP RCTV QH 2QNCPF #U HCT CU MPQYP 2QNKUJ UQXGTGKIPU FKF PQV OKPV KP 5KNGUKC # EQKP RGTJCRU HTQO VJCV RGTKQF KU MPQYP QH VJG DKUJQR QH %TCEQY YJQ QYPGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV HQT 9TQENCY 9KVJ VJG CEEGUUKQP QH $QNGUNCY + CPF /KGU\MQ DQVJ UQPU QH 2QNKUJ RTKPEG $QNGUNCY +++ VJG KPFGRGPFGPEG QH 5KNGUKC EQOOGPEGF HQT VJKU UWEEGUUKQP CPF VJG UGRCTCVKQP QH 5KNGUKC UGG WPFGT 2QNCPF #NVJQWIJ 5KNGUKC YCU KPFGRGPFGPV CU QH VJCV OQOGPV KV YCU UVKNN IQXGTPGF D[ OGODGTU QH VJG 2KCUV *QWUG VJG 5KNGUKCP DTCPEJ QH VJG 2KCUVU 6JG UWRTGOCE[ QH VJG 2KCUVU YQWNF NCUV WPVKN VJG OKFFNG QH VJG HQWTVGGPVJ EGPVWT[ 6JG UQPU UJCTGF VJG NCPFU 7RRGT 5KNGUKC YGPV VQ /KGU\MQ VJG TGOCKPFGT YGPV VQ $QNGUNCY + VQ DG CEEWTCVG RCTV YGPV VQ %QPTCF .QYGT 5KNGUKC DWV YJGP JG FKGF KP KV YGPV VQ $QNGUNCY (QTOCNN[ VJKU VGTTKVQT[ JCF PQ PCOG 6JG PCOG QH .QYGT 5KNGUKC FKF PQV GOGTIG WPVKN VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YJGP KV YCU WUGF VQ FKUVKPIWKUJ VJKU VGTTKVQT[ HTQO 7RRGT 5KNGUKC (QT TGCUQPU QH EQPXGPKGPEG YG WUGF VJG PCOG .QYGT 5KNGUKC HTQO (TKGFGPUDWTI WUGF VJG PCOG ŋ2TKPEKRCNKV[ QH 9TQENCYŌ DWV VQ O[ OKPF .QYGT 5KNGUKC UJQWNF DG RTGHGTTGF CU C PWODGT QH VGTTKVQTKGU YQWNF UGRCTCVG KP VJG HWVWTG 6JKU .QYGT 5KNGUKC YCU VJG FWEJ[ FWECVWU 5NGUKCG QH $QNGUNCY YKVJ 9TQENCY CU KVU ECRKVCN 7RRGT 5KNGUKC FGXQNXGF VQ /KGU\MQ CNQPI YKVJ KVU UQWVJGTP VGTTKVQTKGU YKVJ 4CVKDQT CPF 6GUEJGP C VGTTKVQT[ VJCV YQWNF DG GZRCPFGF YKVJ 1RQNG KP CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ DGECOG VJG &WEJ[ 1RQNG FWECVWU 1RQNKGPUKU +P VJG RTKPEKRNG QH UGPKQTKV[ GZRKTGF CPF DQVJ FWEJKGU ICKPGF KPFGRGPFGPEG +V YCU RCTVKVKQPGF HWTVJGT CPF HWTVJGT CPF DQVJ $QJGOKC CPF 2QNCPF VJG NCVVGT QH YJKEJ JCF DGGP HQWPFGF CICKP KP CVVGORVGF VQ KPUVTWOGPVCNKUG VJG RQYGT XCEWWOU VQ UGK\G VJG VGTTKVQT[ 6JG HQN NQYKPI VGTTKVQTKGU DGECOG HKGHU QH VJG MKPI QH $QJGOKC 6GUEJGP (CNMGPDWTI %QUGN $GWVJGP #WUEJ YKV\ 4CVKDQT 1RQNG GP 9TQENCY ¤NU 5VGKPCW CPF .KGIPKV\ $TKGI )NQICW CPF /Ò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¤NU KP CPF .KGIPKV\ YJKEJ HGNN KPVQ VJG RCTVU .KGIPKV\ CPF 5EJYGKFPKV\ ,CWGT KP 459

SILESIA $1.'5.#9 + $QNGUNCY UVCTVGF UVTKMKPI DTCEVGCVGU VJKU RGTKQF UCY VJG CRQIGG QH VJGUG EQKPU KP EGPVTCN )GTOCP VGTTKVQ TKGU 6JG DTCEVGCVGU YGTG UKORNGT JGTG CPF JCF C NQY YGKIJV CTQWPF I

$TCMVGCV $TGUNCW # *GCF N YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG QXGT NKU DGVYGGP $ CPF # 5 +1*5 (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU VGZV KU UJQTV HQT 5CPEVWU ,QJCPPGU $CRVKUVC /CP[ JCXG VCMGP VJG NKU HQT C 6 JQYGXGT VJKU URGEKCN HQTO QH VJG NKU KU VJG HCOKN[ U[ODQN QH VJG 2KCUVU #NVJQWIJ CVVTKDWVKQP VQ C EQKPKPI NQTF QT OKPV KU XGT[ JCTF VJG HCEV VJCV VJG EQKP DGCTU VJG PCOG QH ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV VJG RCVTQP UCKPV QH VJG RTKPEKRCNKV[ FKQEGUG CPF EKV[ QH 9TQENCY CPF UJQYU C NKU QP KVU NQYGT GFIG YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT DGEQOG VJG EQCV QH CTOU QH VJG EKV[ OCMGU VJG CVVTKDWVKQP VQ 9TQENCY EGTVCKP

6JG 2QNKUJ DKUJQRU JCF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KP 9TQENCY YJKEJ OKIJV JCXG TGUWNVGF KP C EQKP YKVJ C HTQPVCN GHHKI[ QH ,QJP UGG WPFGT 2QNCPF (TKGFGPUDWTI OGPVKQPU KV WPFGT PQ CNQPI YKVJ CP CVVTKDWVKQP VQ $QNGUNCX + $GECWUG K O Q VJG EQKP 4CPFRHGPPKIG HKVU 2QNCPF DGVVGT KV KU NKUVGF VJGTG

$TCMVGCV $TGUNCW # *GCF YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG YKVJ VYQ VQYGTU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQMGPU

DTCPEJ! (TKGFGPUDWTI IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 1P (TKGFGPDWTI PQ VJG VYQ VQYGTU YGTG TGRNCEGF D[ VYQ DKTFU 1P VJKU EQKP VJG VQYGTU UNCPV VJG TKIJV QPG KU CNTGCF[ UVCTVKPI VQ TGUGODNG C DKTF

$TCMVGCV $TGUNCW # *GCF YKVJKP CTEJKVGEVWTCN HTCOG YKVJ VYQ DKTFU CPF DGVYGGP VYQ VQMGPU

DTCPEJ! (TKGFGPUDWTI IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG ŋDKTFUŌ RQTVTC[GF JGTG HTQO C ITCRJKE RQKPV QH XKGY JCXG VQ DG RNCEGF UQOGYJGTG KP DGVYGGP VJG VQYGTU QH (TKGFGPUDWTI CPF VJG DKTFU QH (TKGFGPUDWTI

$TCMVGCV $TGUNCW # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJKP EKTENG CPF DGVYGGP VYQ RGNNGVU DCTDCTK\GF NGIGPF $GTIGT (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 8GT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ #EEQTFKPI VQ (TKGFGPUDWTI VJG DNWPFGTGF NGIGPF UJQWNF DG TGCF 5 +1*#00'5 UQOG NGVVGTU CTG KPFGGF TGEQIPKUCDNG UWEJ CU VJG 5

$TCMVGCV $TGUNCW # *GCF HCEKPI WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF ETQUU (TKGFGPUDWTI XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDWTI PQ JCU C HCEG KP VJG FTCYKPI QP VJG EQKP KP JCPF KV KU ENGCTN[ C HTQPVCN XKGY

460

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

CEEQTFKPI VQ KOCIG WPFGT VJG PQU

2GTKQFG $TCMVGCV 4CVJCW # *GCF QH C UCKPV WPFGT CTEJ #*# CDQXG (TKGFGPUDWTI )WO IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV 4CVJCW # 4CKPDQY WPFGT HQWT NGVVGTU # * (TKGFGPUDWTI )WO IT 8GT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

2GTKQFG $TCMVGCV # %TQYPGF NKQP N (TKGFGPUDWTI IT -Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU NKQP CNUQ CRRGCTU QP VJG UGCN QH *GPT[ +8 HTQO

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # *CNH NKQP CPF JCNH GCING RGNNGVU CPF 0 8 + 0 QP VJG GFIG (TKGFGPUDWTI XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDWTI FQGU PQV OGPVKQP VJG FQVU CPF VJG NGVVGTU QP VJG GFIG

$TCMVGCV # 'CING N WPFGT CTEJ YKVJ VJTGG VQYGTU (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

-Ã&#x2019;PMGT 1UPCDTÃ&#x2019;EM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG GCINGÅ&#x2030;U JGCF KU VJG UCOG YG JCXG UGGP KP /GKUUGP NCTIG JQQMGF DGCM CPF C NCTIG G[G

461

BRESLAU

$TCMVGCV # %NCY QH CP GCING (TKGFGPUDWTI IT

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

8GT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 6QYGT YKVJ OGTNQP YCNN QXGT VYQ VTKCPINGU (TKGFGPUDWTI IT

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ

#NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # 6QYGT QXGT CTEJ YKVJ TQUGVVG CPF DGVYGGP VYQ RCNO NGCHU (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

$TCMVGCV # *CNH GCING N CPF JCNH DKTF ! T (TKGFGPUDWTI IT

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG FKXGTUKV[ YKVJKP VJG OQVKXGU DQVJ KP VJG GFKHKEG CPF KP VJG XCTKQWU CVVTKDWVGU KU VQQ NCTIG VQ GPCDNG CVVTKDWVKQP

(TKGFGPUDWTI R

8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDWTI FGUETKDGU VJG TKIJV UKFG CU C JCNH NKU + VJKPM KV KU CP CPKOCN NKQP QT DKTF 6JGTG KU C UWDUVCPVKCN NKMGPGUU VQ (TKGFGPUDWTI FGUETKDGF D[ (TKGFGPUDWTI CU 4QUG OKV CPFGTGP 6[RGP TQUG YKVJ QVJGT V[RGU YJGTG VJG TKIJV CPKOCN JCU C DGCM 1P (TKGFGPUDWTI VJG TKIJV HKIWTG KU ENGCTN[ C JCNH DKTF

$4'5.#7 #HVGT VJG UGRCTCVKQP QH 0GKUUG YG OC[ TGHGT VQ VJG VGTTKVQT[ CU VJG 2TKPEKRCNKV[ QH 9TQENCY +VU PCOG YCU TGCNN[ 9TCVKUNCXKGPUKU CHVGT VJG 5NCXKE PCOG 9TCVKUNCY 6JKU PCOG YQWNF DG WUGF WR VQ VJG GPF QH VJG /KFFNG #IGU #HVGT $QNGUNCYŉU FGCVJ KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ 9TQENCY ECOG WPFGT JKU UQP *GPT[ + OCTTKGF VQ *GFYKI QH #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP Ŏ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¤NU YQWNF GOGTIG CU CP KPFGRGPFGPV VGTTKVQT[ 9TQENCY EQPVKPWGF WPFGT *GPT[ +8 6JGP *GPT[ 8 KPJGTKVGF 9TQENCY HTQO .KGIPKV\ YJKEJ YQWNF DG UQNF KP D[ JKU UQP *GPT[ 8+ VQ $QJGOKC %+6; &WTKPI VJG NCUV [GCTU QH 9GPEGUNCU QH $QJGOKC 9TQENCY TCP KPVQ TQWIJ YCVGTU 6YQ ITQWRU QH EKVK\GPU GOGTIGF CPF KP CP KPUWTIGPE[ DTQMG QWV 5KIKUOWPF UVTWEM KV FQYP $[ YC[ QH CRRGCUGOGPV JG QTFCKPGF QP #RTKN VJCV VJG EKVK\GPU DG ITCPVGF VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU

*GNNGT # *GCF QH 5V ,QJP VJG 'XCPIGNKUV / 9 Q / 9 Q TGVTQITCFG 4 %TQYPGF NKQP N QXGT TKPI (TKGFGPUDWTI C IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ / 9 /QPGVC 9TCVKUNCXKGPUKU 9TQENCYŉU CPEKGPV PCOG +P VJG EQWTUG QH VKOG C NQV QH NGIGPFU DGECOG CVVCEJGF VQ VJKU EQKP UGG (TKGFGPUDWTI R

462

LIEGNITZ-BRIEG

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

.7&9+) ++ Ŏ .QWKU ++ ECNNGF JKOUGNH FWMG QT NQTF QH $TKGI .QWKU +++ CFQRVGF CPQVJGT VKVNG

*GNNGT $TKGI EC # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QP VTGHQKN . $ & KP VJG CPINGU 4 5V *GFYKI N JQNFKPI GFKHKEG (TKGFGPDWTI C IT 4 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5VWVVICTV . $ & .WFQYKEWU &XZ $TGIGPUKU VJKU TGHGTU VQ .QWKU ++ DGECWUG QPN[ JG ECNNGF JKOUGNH FWMG QT NQTF QH $TKGI JKU EQWUKP .QWKU +++ ECNNGF JKOUGNH FWMG KP 5KNGUKC QH .ÒDGP CPF 1JNCW 9G HKPF 5V *GFYKI QP EQKPU CU GCTN[ CU VJG JGNNGTU QH *GPT[ 8+++ CRRTQZ UGG (TKGFGPUDWTI (QT 5V *GFYKI UGG WPFGT PQ 6JG EKV[ TGEQTFU QH $TKGI QH 0QXGODGT TGRQTV VJG UCNG QH VYQ UKNXGT EWRU VQ 0KMQNCWU *GUUG CPF VJG UWDUG SWGPV WUG QH VJG UKNXGT VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU

*GNNGT $TKGI EC # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QP VTGHQKN . $ & KP VJG CPINGU 4 5V *GFYKI N JQNFKPI GFKHKEG (TKGFGPDWTI C IT 4 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP KU VKOGU CU JGCX[ CU VJG NCUV QPG YKVJ C FKHHGTGPV FTCYKPI

%+6; 1P ,CPWCT[ .QWKU UQNF VJG EKV[ VJG TKIJV VQ UVTKMG JGNNGTU 6JG FGGF QH 1EVQDGT ITCPVGF VJG EKV[ HWTVJGT TGCEJKPI TKIJVU YKVJ TGURGEV VQ UVTKMKPI JGNNGTU

*GNNGT .KGIPKV\ EC # $WUV QH 5V 2GVTWU YKVJ MG[ 4 'CING N (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ #HVGT 0QXGODGT UKORNGT JGNNGTU YGTG UVTWEM VJCV YGTG UQ RQQT VJCV VJG[ YGTG YKVJFTCYP HTQO EKTEWNCVKQP

463

SCHWEIDNITZ-JAUER (4+'&4+%* ++

)TQUEJGP # 'CING N (4+&'4+%85 „ & „ ) „ &8: „ 5.'5+' 4 5V *GFYKI YKVJ FWMGŉU ECR JQNFKPI EJWTEJ „ /10'6# „ &8%+5 „ .')0+%'05+5 (TKGFGPUDWTI K IT (NCP ETCEM YGNN UVTWEM CPF XGT[ HKPG URGEKOGP

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5V *GFYKI YCU C FCWIJVGT QH $GTVJQNF 8 %QWPV QH #PFGEJU /GTCPKGP CPF #IPGU FCWIJVGT QH &GFQ /CTITCXG QH /GKUUGP #HVGT [GCTU QH OCTTKCIG VQ *GPT[ + VJG[ VQIGVJGT OCFG C RNGFIG QH EJCUVKV[ YJKEJ YCU PQV C XQY CU VCMGP WRQP GPVGTKPI CP QTFGT +P UJG YKVJFTGY KPVQ VJG %KUVGTUKCP EQPXGPV QH 6TGDPKV\ VJCV UJG JCF HQWPFGF JGTUGNH 5JG JKF KP -TQUUGP 1FGT CHVGT VJG FGHGCV CPF FGCVJ QH JGT UQP *GPT[ ++ KP VJG YCT CICKPUV VJG /QPIQNU KP 2QRG %NGOGPU +8 ECPQPKUGF JGT KP QP VJG ITQWPFU QH JGT EJCTKV[ CPF OCP[ IQQF YQTMU *GT NKHG KU VQNF KP VJG ŋ8KVC OCKQT 5V *GFYKIKUŌ *GFYKI EQFGZ +P VJKU EQFGZ 5V *GFYKI KU RQTVTC[GF YKVJ C FWECN JCV QXGT JGT JGCF XGKN *GT CVVTKDWVG KU C OQFGN EJWTEJ $QVJ EJCTCEVGTKUVKEU CTG HQWPF QP VJKU EQKP

5%*9'+&0+6< ,#7'4 #HVGT *GPT[ ++ QH 9TQENCY FKGF JKU FQOKPKQP YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ HQWT RCTVU 1PG RCTV YCU .KGIPKV\ WPFGT $QNGUNCY ++ 7RQP JKU FGCVJ *GPT[ 8 KPJGTKVGF .KGIPKV\ CPF $QNGUNCY + $QNMQ 5EJYGKFPKV\ $QNMQ YCU YGFFGF VQ $GCVTKEG QH $TCPFGPDWTI JG YCU C HKIWTG UJTQWFGF KP NGIGPF *G KPJGTKVGF ,CWGT HTQO JKU HCVJGT KP CPF .ÌYGPDGTI HTQO JKU DTQVJGT $GTPJCTF KP 6JG HCOKN[ŉ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ÌYGPDGTI CPF /ÒP UVGTDGTI FGXQNXGF VQ $QNMQ *GPT[ŉU NCPFU YGPV VQ $QNMQ ++ VJG UQP QH $GTPJCTF TGUWNVKPI KP VJG WPKQP QH VJG NCPFU 5EJYGKFPKV\ CPF ,CWGT 6JG FCWIJVGT QH *GPT[ ++ #PPC OCTTKGF 'ORGTQT %JCTNGU +8 YJKEJ GPVKVNGF JKO VQ VJG KPJGTKVCPEG QH 5EJYGKFPKV\ ,CWGT 6JG YGCNVJ $QNMQ + JCF NGHV YCU GRJGOGTCN *GPT[ UQQP GZRGTKGPEGF OQPG[ VTQWDNGU 6JGTGHQTG *GPT[ TGNKPSWKUJGF VJG TKIJV QH UVTKMKPI JGNNGTU VQ VJG EKVK\GPU QH .ÌYGPDGTI KP HQT IQQF C RTKXKNGIG VJCV YCU VQ DG CEMPQYNGFIGF KP D[ VJG 2TKPEKRCNKV[ QH ,CWGT 6JCV JGNNGTU YGTG UVTWEM KP 5EJYGKFPKV\ VTCPURKTGU HTQO C NGVVGT QH $QNMQŉU FCVGF

$'40*#4& *'+04+%* CPF $1.-1 ++ ő

&GPCT .ÌYGPDGTI # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING N +88'08/ Ő $1.-108/ 4 *GNOGV YKVJ UKZ RGC EQEMŉU HGCVJGTU )#.'# Ő &8%8/ Ő 5.'5+' (TKGFGPUDWTI IT (NCP ETCEMU C NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG -ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP YCU UVTWEM FWTKPI VJG IWCTFKCPUJKR QXGT VJG VJTGG UQPU QH $QNMQ + 6JG +88'08/ YJKEJ OGCPU VJG JGNOGV QH VJG [QWPI UQPU QH $QNMQ EQTTQDQTCVGU VJKU 6JG JGNOGV YKVJ VJG UKZ RGCEQEM HGCVJGTU KU C EQOOQP 5KNGUKCP 2KCUV U[ODQN *QYGXGT QP VJKU EQKP PQDQF[ TGHGTU VQ JKOUGNH CU &XZ 5NGUKG +P VJGUG FC[U 5NGUKC UQNGN[ FGUKIPCVGF .QYGT 5KNGUKC

464

ÖLS

%+6; *GNNGT 5EJYGKFPKV\ GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ # $QCTŉU JGCF T (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ # YKNF DQCTŉU JGCF KU VJG QTKIKPCN 5NCXKE PCOG QH VJG EKV[ 5EJYGKFPKV\ YJKEJ YQWNF NCVGT QP DG IGTOCPKUGF KP VJG UGCN YG KPXCTKCDN[ HKPF VJG GPVKTG DQCT 6JGUG JGNNGTU YGTG UVTWEM HTQO #U VJG FWMGU YGTG TGIWNCTN[ KP HKPCPEKCN FKHHKEWNVKGU VJG[ QHVGP NGV VJG EKVK\GPU KORQUG C NKGP QP VJG OKPV QH 5EJYGKFPKV\ KP TGVWTP HQT OQPG[

¤.5 9JGP *GPT[ ++ FKGF KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ URNKV )NQICW HCNNKPI VQ %QPTCF ++ #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH JKU UQP *GPT[ +++ CPQVJGT HQWT YC[ FKXKUKQP VQQM RNCEG 1PG RCTV YCU ¤NU WPFGT %QPTCF + #HVGT JCXKPI RCUUGF VJTQWIJ VJG JCPFU QH UGXGTCN UQXGTGKIPU CNN PCOGF %QPTCF ¤NU HGNN VQ $QJGOKC KP %+6; #TQWPF VJG UQXGTGKIPU QH ¤NU YGTG KP ITGCV PGGF QH OQPG[ YJKEJ YCU GZCEGTDCVGF D[ VJG *WUUKVG 9CT 5JQTVN[ DGHQTG VJG EKV[ GPLQ[GF C EGTVCKP RTQURGTKV[ CPF VJWU KV KU VJKU VKOG VJCV VJG JGNNGTU UJQWNF DG FCVGF VQ UCY VJG FGHGCV QH %QPTCF VJG 9JKVG CPF %QPTCF VJG %CTKPVJKGT D[ VJG *WUUKVGU KP VJG *WUUKVG 9CT VJG VYQ UQXGTGKIPU RTGXGPVGF VJG GPGO[ VCMKPI ¤NU D[ DWTPKPI KV VQ VJG ITQWPF

*GNNGT # 'CING QH 5V ,QJP VJG 'XCPIGNKUV YKVJ NKQPŉU VCKN CPF DCPPGT 1 KP HKGNF 4 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING DGVYGGP VJTGG NGVVGTU / 1 0 (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\CWMVKQP 'UUGP #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDWTI RTQXKFGU FKHHGTGPV NGVVGTU CTQWPF VJG UJKGNF QP VJG TGXGTUG / 1 . +P O[ QRKPKQP KV ENGCTN[ TGCFU /10 YJKEJ EQPUGSWGPVN[ EQWNF KPFKECVG /10'6#

7RRGT 5KNGUKC 6JKU NKPG UVCTVGF YKVJ /KGUMQ YJQ TGEGKXGF VJG VGTTKVQT[ 4CVKDQT CPF 6GUEJGP CPF GZRCPFGF KV D[ 1RQNG KP 9JGP /KGUMQŉU ITCPFUQP 9NCFKUNCY + FKGF KP VJG VGTTKVQT[ HGNN CRCTV CPF $KVQO CPF 1RQNG DGECOG KPFGRGPFGPV 7PFGTPGCVJ C TQWIJ UMGVEJ QH VJG FKXKUKQP %15'. $'76*'0 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH 9NCFKUNCY + QH 7RRGT 5KNGUKC VJG VGTTKVQT[ YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ HQWT RCTVU 1PG YCU VJG NCPF $KVQO WPFGT %CUKOKT Ŏ C NCPF VJCV EQORTKUGF COQPIUV QVJGTU VJG EKVKGU QH $KVQO CPF %QUGN *G YCU EQPUGEWVKXGN[ UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP 9NCFKUNCY Ŏ CPF ITCPFUQP $QNGUNCY

Ŏ #NQPI YKVJ VJG NCVVGT VJG *QWUG $KVQO DGECOG GZVKPEV # NQPI EQPHNKEV QXGT VJG KPJGTKVCPEG GPUWGF %QUGN YGPV VQ %QPTCF QH ¤NU CPF $KVQO YCU FKXKFGF COQPI VJKU UCOG %QPTCF CPF 2TGOKUNCX QH 6GUEJGP

&GPCT $GWVJGP EC # )TGCV $ 2+ Ő 6'60.$ 4 %TQYP WPFGT VYQ RGNNGVU 4 Ő ++ Ő /86' (TKGFGPUDWTI IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

-ÒPMGT 1UPCDTÒEM #WEVKQP PQ 6JG $ UVCPFU HQT $KVQO VJG ETQYP KU C URGEKCN U[ODQN QH VJG UQXGTGKIPU QH 1RQNG UGG 1RQNG 6JG QD CPF TGXGTUG KOCIGU OCVEJ VJG TGHGTGPEG (TKGFGPUDWTI DWV VJG YTKVKPI CU IKXGP KP (TKGFGPUDWTI KU KPEQTTGEV CNVQIGVJGT (TKGFGPUDWTI VQQ CNTGCF[ OGPVKQPGF VJG OCP[ RUGWFQ VGZVU (TKGFGPUDWTI CVVTKDWVGU JKU PQ VQ %CUKOKT YJKEJ GPVCKNU VJG CVVTKDWVKQP QH VQ %CUKOKT CU VJG VYQ CTG ENQUGN[ EQPPGEVGF

465

OPPELN

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Ŏ 1RQNG HGNN KPVQ VJG JCPFU QH VJG DTQVJGT QH $QNMQ 8 0KEQNCWU YJQ YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP ,QJCPP CHVGT YJKEJ KV FGXQNXGF VQ $QJGOKC %GPVTCN 5KNGUKC VJG RCTV $QNGUNCY KPJGTKVGF NCVGT %GPVTCN CPF .QYGT 5KNGUKC YCU OQTG RTQURGTQWU CPF RQUUGUUGF C OWEJ OQTG TGHKPGF EWNVWTG 6JCV KU RTQDCDN[ YJ[ $QNMQŉU UQP *GPT[ + QH VJG .QYGTUKNGUKCP DTCPEJ 9TQENCY XGPVWTGF VQ UGK\G VJG UWTTQWPFKPI NCPFU UGG WPFGT 9TQENCY VQ PQ CXCKN JQYGXGT

*GNNGT EC # %TQYPGF GCING N (TKGFGPUDWTI IT

8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ (TKGFGPUDWTI UVCVGU VJCV VJG ETQYP KU OCFG WR QH RGNNGVU VJKU JQYGXGT ENGCTN[ UJQYU C ETQYP 9JGVJGT QT PQV VJG EKV[ CESWKTGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV KU WPFQEWOGPVGF CPF VJGUG JGNNGTU UJQWNF DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ VJG UQXGTGKIPU CU C EQPUGSWGPEG CU QRRQUGF VQ VJG OQTG EQOOQP UVCVG QH CHHCKTU QH JGNNGTU DGKPI UVTWEM D[ EKVKGU

*GNNGT EC # *CNH GCING CPF JCNH ETQUU (TKGFGPUDWTI IT

8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\ICNGTKG /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG GCING DGCTU PQ ETQYP

5+.'5+# +P /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU EQPSWGTGF /QTCXKC 5KNGUKC CPF .CWUKV\ 6JKU HGCV KU TGHNGEVGF KP VJG CTOU VJCV /CVVJKCU DQTG KV FKURNC[U DQVJ 5KNGUKC CPF .CWUKV\

/#66*+#5 %148+075

)TQUEJGP # 0KODCVG 5V ,QJP VJG $CRVKUV YKVJ NCOD CPF ETQUU 9 WPFGT ENQXGT N KP HKGNF )415585 Ő 94#6+5.#8+'05+5 4 5JKGNF ã /#6*+#5 Q 24+/85 Q 4': Q $1'/+' (TKGFGPUDWTI D IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF UOCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT 9TCVKUNCXKGPUKU KU 9TQENCYŉU CPEKGPV PCOG +P (TKGFGPUDWTI VJG NGVVGTU & ) &GK )TCVKC CTG CNYC[U CFFGF KP VJG VGZV QP VJG TGXGTUG 4¾VJ[ VQQ CFFU VJGUG NGVVGTU JG CNUQ QOKVU VJG 9 KP VJG HKGNF #TOU 1NF *WPICT[ $QJGOKC .CWUKV\ 5KNGUKC VJG TCXGP QH VJG *WP[CFKU

1XGTCNN 5KNGUKCŉU EQWTUG VJTQWIJ VJGUG CIGU OC[ DG QWVNKPGF CU HQNNQYU WPVKN 2CTV QH 21.#0& CRRTQZ 5+.'5+# KPFGRGPFGPV #RRTQZ WPFGT $1*'/+# WPFGT *70)#4; WPFGT $1*'/+# *QYGXGT KV UJQWNF DG DQTPG KP OKPF VJCV UQOG VGTTKVQTKGU ECOG WPFGT $QJGOKC QT *WPICT[ NCVGT QT TGOCKPGF KPFGRGPFGPV CNVQIGVJGT UGG KPVTQFWEVKQP 466

POLAND

5.#8+% +/+6#6+10

#010;/175

&GPCT # *GCF HCEKPI YKVJ NQPI DGCTF 4 .QPI QRGP ETQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP VYQ CTEJGU CPF SWCVTGHQKN KP EGPVTG 5%$+ $GTNKP IT 44 5OCNN EWVU UNKIJVGN[ DGPV XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ UV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 6JG ŋVGZVŌ EQPUKUVU CU WUWCN QH FCUJGU QPEG QT VYKEG CNVGTPCVGF D[ CP 1 QT C % 6JG QDXGTUG QH VJKU EQKP UGGOU VQ DG FKG KFGPVKECN VQ VJCV QH 5%$+ $GTNKP

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ŉU CHHCKTU KP VJGUG TGIKQPU *GPEG VJG GORKTG RTQXGF HQTVJEQOKPI VQ /KGU\MQŉU $QJGOKC YJGP JG CPPGZGF 5KNGUKC CPF .GUUGT 2QNCPF *KU UQP D[ JKU HKTUV YKHG $QNGUNCY + %JQDT[ EQPVKPWGF VJKU RQNKE[ CPF KU EQPUKFGTGF VJG HQWPFGT QH VJG 2QNKUJ UVCVG 6JG EQTQPCVKQP QH $QNGUNCY + CPF /KGU\MQ ++ KP KH CP[VJKPI YCU C RQNKVKECN CEV KPVGPFGF VQ FGH[ VJG )GTOCP 'ORKTG VQ YJKEJ VJG[ YGTG VTKDWVCT[ #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH /KGU\MQ ++ KP VJG ŋHKTUV GCTN[ 2KCUV F[PCUV[Ō VQQM CP GPF 6JG ETKUKU YCU QXGTEQOG D[ %CUKOKT + YJQ HQWPFGF VJG ŋUGEQPF 2KCUV F[PCUV[Ō 4WNGTU YGTG EQPUGEWVKXGN[ VJG NCVVGTŉU DQVJ UQPU $QNGUNCY ++ 9NCFKUNCY *GTOCPP CPF JKU UQP $QNGUNCY +++ #HVGT $QNGUNCY +++ FKGF KP C FKXKUKQP QH VJG NCPF KPVQ UOCNN RTKPEKRCNKVKGU GPUWGF 6JG 2KCUVU YGTG EQPUKFGTGF FQOKPK PCVWTCNKU K G VJG UVCVG YCU VJG RCVTKOQP[ QH VJKU F[PCUV[ YJQ YGTG CNUQ VJG NCTIGUV RTQRGTV[ QYPGT CPF UW\GTCKP VQ OQTG VJCP JCNH VJG RGCUCPVU 6JG RTKPEKRNG IQXGTPKPI VJKU UVCVG HQTO YCU VJCV QH UGPKQTKV[ VJG HCOKN[ OGODGTU VCMKPI VJG NGCFKPI RQUKVKQPU KP VJG UOCNN RTKPEKRCNKVKGU VJG QNFGUV VJG UGPKQT TGEGKXKPI %TCEQY YJGPGXGT C FGCVJ YQWNF TGPFGT C RQUKVKQP XCECPV CNN VJG OGODGTU YQWNF OQXG QPG RNCEG WR CPF RTGUKFKPI QXGT VJG [QWPIGT VJG LWPKQT 6JG UCOG RTKPEKRNG YCU GORNQ[GF D[ VJG 4WTKM &[PCUV[ QH 4WUUKC UGG VJGTG +P VJG ŋNCVG 2KCUV OQPCTEJ[Ō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

UGG WPFGT -KGXCP 4WUy VJGTGD[ ICKPKPI EQPVTQN QH VJG VTCFG TQWVGU VQ VJG $NCEM 5GC CPF VJG )GPQGUG UGVVNGOGPVU VJGTG 6JG ,GYU KP 2QNCPF UGEWTGF VJGKT RGTUQPCN UCHGV[ KP VJG 2TKXKNGIG QH -CNKUEJ KP

YJKEJ RTQORVGF KOOKITCVKQP KPVQ 2QNCPF QH OCP[ ,GYU YJQ YGTG HNGGKPI HTQO )GTOCP[ 9JGP VJG 2KCUV &[PCUV[ DGECOG GZVKPEV VJG EQWUKP QH %CUKOKT +++ .QWKU + QH *WPICT[ CUEGPFGF VJG 2QNKUJ VJTQPG #HVGT .QWKUŉ FGCVJ JKU FCWIJVGT ,CFYKIC CUEGPFGF VJG VJTQPG CU SWGGP QH 2QNCPF # OCTTKCIG YCU CTTCPIGF VQ VJG .KVJWCPKCP RTKPEG ,CIKGNNQ YJQ VJWU DGECOG MKPI QH 2QNCPF KP 6JG WPKQP QH 2QNCPF CPF .KVJWCPKC ETGCVGF C OKIJV[ RQYGT DNQE KP GCUVGTP 'WTQRG +P VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU YGTG FGHGCVGF PGCT 6CPPGPDGTI CPF RQNKVKECN GHHQTVU YGTG FKTGEVGF VQYCTFU /QUEQY 467

POLAND 6JG FGCVJ QH 9NCF[UNCY ,CIKGNNQ CFQRVGF VJG PCOG 9NCFKUNCY WRQP JKU EJTKUVGPKPI KP DTQWIJV JKU UQP 9NCFKUNCY +++ VQ VJG VJTQPG 6JG DKUJQR QH %TCEQY TWNGF FG HCEVQ 9NCFKUNCY +++ GXGP DGECOG MKPI QH *WPICT[ DWV YCU MKNNGF CICKPUV VJG 6WTMU KP PGCT 8CTPC 6JG DTQVJGT QH 9NCF[UNCY +++ %CUKOKT +8 YJQ KPFGRGPFGPVN[ TWNGF KP .KVJWCPKC KP DGECOG MKPI QH 2QNCPF *G GPFGCXQWTGF VQ CEJKGXG CP RCTKV[ HQT DQVJ UVCVGU CPF RCXGF VJG YC[ VQYCTFU C RCTNKCOGPV +P C YCT VJCV YQWNF NCUV [GCTU JG XCPSWKUJGF VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU 2GCEG QH 6JQTP KP 2QNCPF YCU VJGP EQORQUGF QH 2QOGTGNKC %WNONCPF CPF VJG VGTTKVQTKGU CTQWPF 'NDKPI CPF /CNDQTM (KPCNN[ JG VTKGF WPKVKPI VJG 2QNKUJ .KVJWCPKCP $QJGOKCP CPF *WPICTKCP ETQYPU WPFGT QPG UKPING ETQYP HQT JKU UQPU *KU UQPU ,QJP #NDGTV CPF #NGZCPFGT QPN[ TWNGF UJQTVN[ 6JG QNFGUV EQKPU CTG VJQUG QH /KGU\MQ + %QPUKFGTCDN[ OQTG URGEKOGPU CTG MPQYP QH $QNGUNCY + %JTQDT[ YJQ OKPVGF KP 2QNCPF KPFKXKFWCN HQTO $QJGOKC FWTKPI VJG QEEWRCVKQP KP GPVKTGN[ CHVGT VJG GZCORNG QH VJG 'PINKUJ #GVJGNTGF RGPEG CPF KP )GTOCP[ GPVKTGN[ CHVGT VJG 1VVQ #FGNJGKF RHGPPKIG $QNGUNCY JCF DGGP ETQYPGF KP YKVJ CP KORGTKCN ETQYP CPF JG YCU EQ TGIGPV QH )GTOCP[ 6JGP ECOG VJG GRKUEQRCN EQKPU COQPI YJKEJ VJQUG QH 9TQENCY 6JG[ DGNQPI VQ VJG 5CEJUGPRHGPPKIG V[RG YKVJ C TCKUGF GFIG (TQO $QNGUNCY ++ QP UOCNNGT FGPCTKK YGTG UVTWEM 9GKIJVU YGTG NQY CTQWPF IT /KGU\MQ +++ KPVTQFWEGF DTCEVGCVGU 6JG YGKIJV HGNN VQ CRRTQZ IT 6JKU EQKPCIG NCUVGF WPVKN CDQWV YGKIJVU HCNNKPI VQ CRRTQZ IT 7PFGT 9NCFKUNCY .CUMQPQIK FQWDNG UKFGF FGPCTKK YGTG CICKP UVTWEM C HGY EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM QP QPG UKFG 7PFGT %CUKOKT VJG )TGCV VJG HKTUV %TCEQY ITQUEJGP YCU UVTWEM 6JG TGCUQP HQT VJGUG EQKPU YCU VJG GZCEV UCOG CU KP /GKUUGP 2QNCPF YCU DGKPI HNQQFGF D[ HQTGKIP OQPG[ 2TCIWG ITQUEJGP KP RCTVKEWNCT 6JGTGWRQP KP %CUKOKT VJG [GCT QH VJG KPVTQFWEVKQP QH VJG /GKUUGP ITQUEJGP FG EKFGF VQ UVTKMG C PGY EQKP VJG ITQUEJGP CHVGT $QJGOKCP GZCORNG YJKEJ QP QPG UKFG JCF CP GCING

KPUVGCF QH VJG $QJGOKCP QT /GKUUGP NKQP QP VJG QVJGT UKFG C ETQYP YKVJ C FQWDNG NGIGPF GZCEVN[ EQRKGF HTQO VJG $QJGOKCP GZCORNG 6JKU EQKP YCU NKOKVGF VQ QPN[ C HGY KUUWGU

'2+5%12#. %1+05 VJ %'0674; 6JG 2QNKUJ DKUJQRU YGTG CYCTFGF VJG TKIJV QH OKPV D[ /KGU\MQ + /KPVU GOGTIGF KP 2Q\PCP )PKG\PQ -TWU\YKV\ CPF 9TQENCY &GPCT $TGUNCW # *GCF QH 5V ,QJP HCEKPI 4 %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP VYQ CPINGU CPF RGNNGV YKVJ 8 KP VJG QVJGT CPINGU )WO IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

(KTUV GCTN[ 2KCUV &[PCUV[ 6JKU F[PCUV[ URCPPGF VJG RGTKQF VQ YKVJ /KGU\MQ + JKU UQP $QNGUNCY + %JTQDT[

CPF JKU UQP /KGU\MQ ++ 5GEQPF GCTN[ 2KCUV &[PCUV[ 6JKU F[PCUV[ URCPPGF VJG RGTKQF VQ YKVJ %CUKOKT + $QNGUNCY ++ 9NCFKUNCY *GTOCPP CPF $QNGUNCY +++

9.#&+5.#9 *'4/#00

9NCFKUNCY *GTOCPP YCU OCTTKGF VJTGG VKOGU 6JG HKTUV OCTTKCIG YCU VQ CP WPMPQYP NCF[ QH 2QNKUJ QTKIKP (TQO VJKU OCTTKCIG <DKIPKGY YCU DQTP $QNGUNCY +++ YCU DQTP HTQO VJG UGEQPF OCTTKCIG VQ ,WFKVJ 2TGO[UNKF 6JG VJKTF OCTTKCIG YCU CNUQ VQ C ,WFKVJ FCWIJVGT QH 'ORGTQT *GPT[ +++ #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH 9NCFKUNCY *GTOCPP $QNGUNCY OGTGN[ TGEGKXGF 9TQENCY %TCEQY CPF 5CPFQOKGT\ 0QDKNKV[ CPF GRKUEQRCE[ JGNRGF <DKIPKGY VQ VJG NKQPÅ&#x2030;U UJCTG $QNGUNCY YKVJ VJG CKF QH 4WVJGPKC CPF *WPICT[ OCPCIGF VQ FTKXG <DKIPKGY CYC[ CPF JG WUWTRGF VJG GPVKTG FQOKPKQP <DKIPKGY UJQTVN[ TG VWTPGF WRQP YJKEJ JKU DTQVJGT ICXG JKO C HGY ECUVNGU CU CRCPCIG CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ JCF JKO DNKPFGF

&GPCT -TCMCW # *GCF N .%#8& <Å&#x2030;.#85 4 %JWTEJ %4#%18 )WO -QRKEMK IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG &QTCW $GTNKP 6JG TGXGTUGU QH VJKU CPF VJG HQNNQYKPI EQKP UJQY C UOCNN EJWTEJ )WOQYUMK NKPMU VJKU VQ VJG GZVGPUKQP QH VJG %TC EQY ECVJGFTCN KP

468

POLAND

&GPCT -TCMCW # *GCF N .#5 .#85 4 %JWTEJ %4#%18 )WO -QRKEMK E IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG )CNGTKG FGU /QPPCKGU 0 ; #WEVKQP PQ 'Z 5CYKEMK EQNNGEVKQP PQ

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ŉU PCOG &GPCTKWU &WEKU $QNGUNCXK TGUR VJG PCOG QH VJG EQWPVT[ŉU RCVTQP UCKPV 5V #FCNDGTV /KPVU )PKG\PQ CPF %TC EQY

&GPCT # 2TKPEG YKVJ NCPEG CPF UJKGNF T DKUJQR YKVJ DQQM CPF DNGUUKPI JCPF N 4 5OCNN ETQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP ETQUUGU #.$+$#85 & % )WO -QRKEMK IT # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM QVJGTYKUG CNOQUV GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

&GPCT # 2TKPEG RKGTEKPI FTCIQP YKVJ NCPEG 4 %TQUU YKVJ VJG NKODU GPFKPI KP RGNNGVU CPF QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING )WO -QRKEMK IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG VGZV UJQWNF DG TGCF CU #&#.$'4685 &'0#4+85 %.'485 $GECWUG VJKU EQKP UJQYU C DKUJQR QDXGTUG CPF VJG CTEJDKUJQR QYPGF EGTVCKP TKIJVU KP )PKG\PQ YG ECP JC\CTF C IWGUU VJCV VJKU EQKP KU KP HCEV HTQO )PKG\PQ -TCMCW CPF )PKG\PQ YGTG VJG OKPVU CV VJCV VKOG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG YC[ QH TGPFGTKPI VJG FTCIQP KU TGOKPKUEGPV QH VJG YC[ C DQCT KU FGRKEVGF QP C EQKP HTQO *CIGPCW UGG VJGTG K G XGTVKECNN[

&KXKUKQP QH VJG 'ORKTG 7RQP VJG FGOKUG QH $QNGUNCY +++ 2QNCPF HGNN KPVQ RKGEGU 6JKU FKXKUKQP NGF VQ VJG HQNNQYKPI UOCNN RTKPEK RCNKVKGU %TCEQY YKVJ 5KNGUKC HGNN VQ VJG QNFGUV UQP 9NCFKUNCY ++ /CUQXKC VQ $QNGUNCY +8 VJG HQWPFKPI HCVJGT YCU 2TKPEG <KGOQYKV + Ŏ 6JKU NCPF UWHHGTGF GXGT OQTG RCTVKVKQPKPI )TGCVGT 2QNCPF VQ /KGU\MQ +++ Ŏ 6JG NKPG )TGCVGT 2QNCPF VGORQTCTKN[ FKXKFGF KPVQ VYQ UKFG DTCPEJGU GPFGF KP YKVJ VJG FGCVJ QH 2T\GO[UN ++ 5CPFQOKGT\ VQ *GPT[ .GUUGT 2QNCPF VQ %CUKOKT ++ Ŏ #HVGT VJG FGCVJ QH %CUKOKT ++ VJKU NKPG FKXGTIGF KPVQ VJG %TCEQY NKPG GPFKPI KP YKVJ $QNGUNCY 8 CPF VJG -W[CXKCP NKPG HTQO VJG NCVVGT VJG /CUQXKCP NKPG KUUWGF 6JG RTKPEGU QH VJG -W[CXKCP NKPG WPKVGF 2QNCPF KP 469

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

&GPCT -TCMCW # 2TKPEG QP VJTQPG YKVJ UYQTF HKIWTG DQYKPI N #1&+.#85 TGVTQITCFG 4 2TKPEG HKIJVKPI YKVJ NKQP DTCPEJ N )WO -QRKEMK C IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG UVCPFKPI HKIWTG KU C TGGXG QT C DCKNKHH 6TWEJUGUU

&GPCT # 2TKPEG HKIJVKPI YKVJ NKQP TQUGVVG N 4 $KUJQR YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP CPF 85 )WO -QRKEMK XCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG TGXGTUGU QH )WO CPF RKEVWTGF CU TGXGTUGU VJGTG JCXG VJG UCOG KOCIG CU VJKU EQKP 6JG QDXGTUG QH VJGUG PWODGTU KU JQYGXGT GPVKTGN[ FKHHGTGPV

&GPCT -TCMCW # #TOQWTGF RTKPEG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF TKPI N KP HKGNF 4 $KUJQR 5V #FCN DGTV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM )WO -QRKEMK EH R IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 'NUGP $TWUUGN 6JG UV[NG QH VJG RTKPEG QP VJG QDXGTUG DTKPIU VQ OKPF VJG QNFGUV EQKPU QH /CIFGDWTI

&GPCT -TCMCW # #TOQWTGF RTKPEG HCEKPI YKVJ UJKGNF CPF UYQTF % CPF 0 KP HKGNF ΛŉU CPF 8ŉU CNVGT PCVKPI QP VJG GFIG 4 $KUJQR 5V #FCNDGTV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM ΛŉU CPF 8ŉ5 CNVGTPCVKPI QP VJG GFIG )WO -QRKEMK CC IT 8GT[ HKPG *KTUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ % 0 CTG EQKP CTG OKPVOCTMU QH YJKEJ VJGTG CTG OCP[ UGG )WOQYUMK R #NVJQWIJ PQ CPF PQ JCXG VJG UCOG )WO PWODGT VJG[ FKHHGT EQPUKFGTCDN[

470

POLAND

&GPCT -TCMCW # 2TKPEG HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF YKVJ UVCT 0 + KP HKGNF 4 $WUV QH C DKUJQR 5V #FCNDGTV YKVJ ETQUKGT CPF DQQM DGVYGGP VYQ ETQUUGU )WO -QRKEMK CJ IT 'ZVTGOGN[ HKPG

*KTUEJ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JKU EQKP VQ O[ OKPF HKVU )WO DGUV

&GPCT -TCMCW # 2TKPEG YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF HKIJVKPI CICKPUV HCNNGP OCP 08/ ! 4 'CING TKFKPI QP TCDDKV ! #0 ! )WO -QRKEMK E IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG

0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

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

&GPCT # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF 4 6YQ HKIWTGU UKVVKPI CV VCDNG )WO -QRKEMK IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM QP VJG QDXGTUG XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ $QNGUNCY FKF PQV JGGF VJG TKIJVU QH JKU QNFGT DTQVJGT CPF EQWPVGF QP VJG UWRRQTV QH JKU [QWPIGT DTQVJGT 1TKIKPCNN[ VJG EQKPU DQTG VJG RTKPEG QP VJG QDXGTUG CPF VJG VJTGG DTQVJGTU QP VJG TGXGTUG /KGU\MQ QH )TGCVGT 2QNCPF *GPT[ QH 5CPFQOKGT\ CPF %CUKOKT ++ QH .GUUGT 2QNCPF #HVGT VJG FGOKUG QH *GPT[ KP VYQ DTQVJGTU TGOCKPGF YJKEJ YGTG HTQO VJCV VKOG RQTVTC[GF YKVJQWV VJG VJKTF UGG CNUQ WPFGT %CUKOKT 6JKU EQKP CPF VJG PGZV WUGF VQ DG CVVTKDWVGF VQ $TCPFGPDWTI VJG OCTITCXGU ,QJP + 1VVQ +++ CPF 1VVQ +8 RGTKQF $CJTHGNFV C D

&GPCT # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ HNCI CPF UJKGNF 4 6YQ HKIWTGU UKVVKPI CV VCDNG )WO -QRKEMK E IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

471

POLAND 2TKPEKRCNKV[ )TGCVGT 2QNCPF /+'5<-1 +++ 1P VJG FGCVJ QH $QNGUNCY +++ /KGU\MQ CPF JKU DTQVJGTU CU LWPKQT ENCUJGF YKVJ VJG UGPKQT 9NCFKUNCY ++

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ŉU UW\GTCKPV[ +P /KGU\MQ OCPCIGF VQ VGORQTCTKN[ CPPGZ %TCEQY 9JGP %CUKOKT + FKGF KP VJG /CIPCVGU UVTQXG VQ EQPXGTV VJG UGPKQTKV[ RTKPEKRNG KPVQ UWEEGUUKQP KP HCXQWT QH VJG OKPQT .GU\GM $KCN[ 9JGP /KGU\MQ HCKNGF VQ YKP VJG $CVVNG QP VJG /Q\ICYC QP 5GR VGODGT JG UWDOKVVGF *QYGXGT JKU CEEQOQFCVKPI VJG OCIPCVGU KP YQP JKO DCEM %TCEQY 6JKU EQWTUG QH GXGPVU KU VJG TGCUQP VJCV /KGU\MQ UQOGVKOGU KU TGHGTTGF VQ YKVJ VJG FCVGU CPF UQOGVKOGU YKVJ

$TCMVGCV # .KQP *GDTGY VGZV /5<-# -4. 21.5-+ /KGU\MQ MKPI QH 2QNGP )WO -QRKEMK IT 44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /ÒPUVGT

&GPCT # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF /+'%5' 4 #PIGN YKVJ ETQUU QP VJG YKPIU UOCNN HCEG QP DTGCUV )WO XCT -QRKEMK EH HH IT 44 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG UYQTF KU PQV JQTK\QPVCN )WO KU VJG UCOG FTCYKPI VJQWIJ KP VJKU ECUG VJG EQKP KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ .GUUGT 2QNCPF /KGU\MQ QH 4CVKDQT $QVJ )WO CPF )WO UJQY C ETQUU QP VJG CPIGNŉU YKPI PQV KP KV OQTGQXGT PGKVJGT UJQY VJG UOCNN HCEG QP VJG EJGUV

0GW HQVQITCHKGTGP

1PG UKFGF &GPCT # 6YQ HKIWTGU YKVJ HNCI DGVYGGP VJGO /+ T 5 N 4 .QPI QRGP ETQUU ! )WO -QRKEMK EH HH IT 4 # NKVVNG YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ +U VJKU )WO VJG NGVVGTU CTG TKIJV DWV VJG EQKP UGGOU VQ DG C WPKHCEG QT )WO $QNGUNCY 8 Ŏ QH .GUUGT 2QNCPF KP VJG VJ EGPVWT[! # NQPI QRGP ETQUU KU JCTFN[ XKUKDNG QP VJG TGXGTUG

472

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GREAT-LITHUANIA

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477

TEUTONIC ORDER

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

#HVGT #ETG 8GPKEG DGECOG VJG MPKIJVUŉ UGCV 6JG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU UCY KV CU VJGKT HQTGOQUV VCUM VQ RTQVGEV EGTVCKP VGTTKVQTKGU WRQP TGSWGUV 6JWU VJG[ HQWPF GORNQ[OGPV KP *WPICT[ *QYGXGT DGHQTG NQPI VJG *WPICTKCP MKPI FTQXG VJGO CYC[ 6JGP 2QNKUJ FWMG %QPTCF QH /CUQXKC GPNKUVGF VJG UGTXKEGU QH VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU VQ CKF JKO KP JKU DCVVNG CICKPUV 2TWUUKC +P VJG 5CZQPU JCF CNTGCF[ EQPVGORNCVGF YCIKPI YCT CICKPUV VJG YGUVGTP 5NCXKE VTKDGU 9GPFU $WV KV YCU QPN[ FWTKPI VJG 5GEQPF %TWUCFG CHVGT VJG HCNN QH 'FGUUC KP RTQENCKOGF D[ $GTPJCTF QH %NCKTXCWZ VJCV QP TGSWGUV QH VJG )GTOCP ETWUCFGTU CPF VJCPMU VQ VJG GHHQTVU QH OGFKCVQT $GTPJCTF XCP %NCKTXCWZ C ŋ9GPF %TWUCFGŌ YCU QHHKEKCNN[ RTQENCKOGF D[ 2QRG 'WIGPG +++ QP #RTKN 6JG ETWUCFG EJKGHN[ JCF C OKUUKQPCT[ RWTRQUG )TCPFOCUVGT *GTOCP QH 5CN\C KP KPKVKCNN[ TGURQPFKPI VQ VJG 2QNKUJ FWMGŉU TGSWGUV UQQP JCF 'O RGTQT (TGFGTKEM CUUKIP VQ JKO KP RTQRGTV[ CU YCU RTCEVKEG HQT )GTOCP RTKPEGU QH VJG GORKTG VJG NCPF VJCV JCF [GV VQ DG TGEQXGTGF 9JGP VJG UGCV YCU CNUQ VTCPUHGTTGF HTQO 8GPKEG VQ /CNDQTM KP KV DGECOG CRRCTGPV VJCV VJG MPKIJVU JCF CUUWOGF VJG VCUM QH DGKPI VJG HQTGOQUV HQQVJQNF QH )GTOCP EWNVWTG KP VJG $CNVKE TGIKQP 6JG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU JCF EQPUKFGTCDNG FKHHKEWNVKGU VQ QXGTEQOG DGHQTG VJG[ JCF GUVCDNKUJGF UWRTGOCE[ QXGT 2TWUUKC 6JG EQPSWGUV DGICP KP CPF KP C UGVVNGOGPV DGVYGGP VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU CPF VJG 2TWUUKCPU GPUWGF DWV VJG 2TWUUKCPU YGTG FGHKPKVKXGN[ UWDFWGF YJGP VJG CTO[ QH ETWUCFGTU CTTKXGF KP 6JG VGTTKVQT[ YCU GZRCPFGF UQOGYJCV CPF KP HQWT FKQEGUGU YGTG GUVCDNKUJGF #HVGT EQPUQNKFCVKPI VJGKT RQYGT KP 2TWUUKC VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU GPFGCXQWTGF VQ VGTTKVQTKCNN[ GZRCPF 6JG[ JCF OCFG UQOG JGCFYC[ KP .KXQPKC YJGTG VJG $TQVJGTU QH VJG 5YQTF UWDLGEV VQ VJG DKUJQR QH 4KIC RTQRCICVGF %JTKUVKCPKV[ VQ VJG RCICPU 6JG .KXQPKCP $TQVJGTU QH VJG 5YQTFU YGTG WRQP VJGKT FGHGCV KP KP VJG $CVVNG QH 5CWNG KPEQTRQTCVGF KPVQ VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU 6JG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU VJGP JGNF C EQORCTCVKXGN[ NCTIG FQOKPKQP EQORQUGF QH VYQ RCTVU UGRCTCVGF D[ C RCICP VGTTKVQT[ VJG UVCF JQNFGTU QH VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU KP 2TWUUKC YGTG VKVNGF .CPFOGKUVGT NCPF OCUVGT WPVKN KP .KXQPKC *GGTOGKUVGT OCUVGT QH VJG CTO[ WPVKN (WTVJGT GZRCPUKQP YCU PQV RQUUKDNG VJG 1TFGT NQUV VJG $CVVNG QH .CMG 2GKRWU KP CICKPUV #NGZCPFGT 0GXUMK[ YJQ DNQEMGF VJG TQWVG VQ VJG PQTVJGCUV KP VJG UQWVJ .KVJWCPKC DNQEMGF HWTVJGT GZRCPUKQP 6JG RTGUGPEG QH VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU KP .KXQPKC YQWNF DG OCTMGF D[ C DKVVGT UVTWIING YKVJ VJG CTEJDKUJQR QH 4KIC WR VQ VJG GPF QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 5GG HWTVJGT WPFGT 4KIC

*QJNRHGPPKI # .CVKP ETQUU YKVJ QPG UVCT KP VJG TF CPF VJ CPINGU 0GWOCPP Q 8QUUDGTI IT 5OCNN GFIG HCWNV XGT[ HKPG

9#) &QTVOWPF #WEVKQP PQ

9+04+%* XQP -0+241&'

5EJKNNKPI # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)56 ” 9;006%5 ” 24+/5 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF /10'6# ” &0148/ ” 248%+ 0GW OCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 9GNN UVTWEM CPF PKEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 8KPEJQP 2CTKU 6JG ETQUU QH ,GTWUCNGO ECP DG UGGP KP VJG ITCPFOCUVGT UJKGNF

478

TEUTONIC ORDER

5EJKNNKPI # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)56 ” 9;04+%5 ” 24+/5 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF /10'6# ” &0148/ ” 248%+ 0GW OCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

8KGTEJGP # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)+56'4 )'0'4#.+5 4 5JQTV ETQUU &1/+0148/ 24855+' 0GWOCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG

/ÒP\GPVTWO 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

-104#& XQP ,70)+0)'0

5EJKNNKPI ++ #TV #DVJGKNWPI # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)56 ” %10#&85 ” 6'4%+ 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF /10'6# ” &0148/ ” 248%+ 0GWOCPP C 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ (TQO C JQCTF +P VJG ITCPF OCUVGTŉU UJKGNF VJG ETQUU QH ,GTWUCNGO KU OKUUKPI K G QPN[ VJG JQTK\QPVCN DCTU CTG RTGUGPV

7.4+%* XQP ,70)+0)'0

5EJKNNKPI ++ #TV #DVJGKNWPI &CP\KI! # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)56 Z 8.4+%85 Z 24+/8 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF /10'6# &0148/ 248%+ 0GWOCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ (TQO C JQCTF

479

TEUTONIC ORDER /+%*#'. -Âª%*/'+56'4 XQP 56'40$'4)

5EJKNNKPI # 5JKGNF YKVJ GCING QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /#)56 /+%*#'. 24+/ 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10'6# &0148/ 248% 0GWOCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

2#7. XQP 4755&14(

5EJKNNKPI # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /#)56 Q 2#8.85 24+/ 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF QXGT NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10'6# &0148/ 248% 0GWOCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 5OCNN HNCP ETCEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG 2GWU (TCPMHWTV #WEVKQP PQ

/#46+0 647%*5'55

5EJKNNKPI # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF YKVJ GCING /#)+56 /#46+07 2 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF / /10'6# &0148/ 2 0GWOCPP C 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG VQ GZVTGOGN[ HKPG

9TWEM $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

,1*#00 XQP 6+'('0

-TGW\ITQUEJGP # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT *QEJOGKUVGTUEJKNF QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /#)56 +1*05 &' 6+('0+ 4 5JKGNF QH VJG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT 1TFGPUUEJKNF QP NQPI ETQUU FKXKFKPI NGIGPF /10'6# &0 148/ 208$ Q 0GWOCPP 8QUUDGTI IT 8GT[ HKPG 9TWEM $GTNKP #WEVKQP PQ

480

LIVONIAN BROTHERS OF THE SWORD

.+8. 0&+5%*'4 14&'0 .+810+#0 $416*'45 1( 6*' 5914& #010;/175 %+551 XQP 4ª66'0$'4) ! &CPKUJ OKUUKQPCT[ YQTM KP .KXQPKC YCU WPUWEEGUUHWN 6JG HKTUV GHHQTVU VJCV YQWNF JCXG UQOG GHHGEV YGTG OCFG CV VJG VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ YJGP /GKPJCTF YCU QTFCKPGF CU DKUJQR QH VJG .KXQPKCPU D[ #TEJ DKUJQR *CTVYKI ++ QH $TGOGP #HVGT /GKPJCTFŉU FGCVJ KP JKU UWEEGUUQT #NDGTV QH $GMGUJQGXGFG QDVCKPGF C ETWUCFG DWNN HTQO 2QRG +PPQEGPV +++ VJCV RWV VJG UV .KXQPKCP ETWUCFG QP VJG UCOG RCT CU VJG ETWUCFGU CICKPUV VJG KPHKFGNU KP VJG *QN[ .CPF +P C XCUV HNGGV OCPPGF YKVJ ETWUCFGTU CPF RKNITKOU CRRGCTGF QP VJG EQCUV +P 4KIC YCU HQWPFGF CPF KP 6JGQFQTKE QH 6TG[FGP GUVCDNKUJGF VJG .KXQPKCP $TQVJGTU QH VJG 5YQTF (TCVTGU OKNKVKCG %JTKUVK KP .KXQPKC 6JG[ EQPEGTPGF VJGOUGNXGU YKVJ VJG FGHGPEG QH VJG EQWPVT[ +P 8CNFGOCT ++ QH &GPOCTM EQPSWGTGF 4GXCN 6CNNKPP CPF 6JGQFQTKE RGTKUJGF $CVVNG GPUWGF DGVYGGP VJG &CPGU CPF VJG )GTOCPU HQNNQYGF D[ CP KPUWTIGPE[ QH VJG 'UVQPKCPU YKVJ VJG CKF QH VJG 4WUUKCPU HTQO 0QXIQTQF 'XGPVWCNN[ VJG &CPGU TGVTGCVGF #HVGT VJG FGHGCV QH VJG $TQVJGTU QH VJG 5YQTF PGCT 5CWNG D[ VJG %WTQPKCPU VJG 5GOKICNNKCPU CPF VJG .KVJWCPKCPU 2QRG )TGIQT[ +: KP QTFGTGF VJG TGOCKPFGT QH VJKU .KXQPKCP QTFGT VQ DG CEEGRVGF KPVQ VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU #PF CNQPI YKVJ KV JG QTFGTGF VJG TGVWTP QH 0QTVJ 'UVQPKC VQ VJG &CPGU

(TQO VJG .KXQPKCP 1TFGT YCU RCTV QH VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU UGG HWTVJGT WPFGT VJG 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU

5EJKNNKPI 4GXCN # 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT WPFGT TKPI 0#)+564+ .+810+' 4 5JQTV ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# 4'8#.+' 0GWOCPP D IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

5EJKNNKPI 4GXCN # 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT WPFGT TKPI /#)+564+ .+810+' 4 5JQTV ETQUU YKVJ VJTGG RGNNGVU KP GCEJ CPING /10'6# 4'8#.+' 0GWOCPP D IT 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

.ÒDKUEJGT 4GXCN # 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT /10'6# 4 %TQUU 4'8#.+# 0GWOCPP C IT 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

/ÒNNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

9#.6'4 XQP 2.'66'0$74)

5EJKNNKPI 4GXCN # 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT /10'6# 4'8#.+' 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ TKPI KP VJG PF CPING /#)+564+ .+810+ ã OQPG[GTŉU OCTM 0GWOCPP IT 6TCEGU QH XGTFKITKU YGCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG #JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ

481

RIGA

5EJKNNKPI 4GXCN # 5JKGNF QH VJG 1TFGT /10'6 4'8#. + 4 .QPI ETQUU YKVJ RGNNGV KP VJG PF CPING /#)+5 .+810+ 0GWOCPP EH D $GTPF XQP FGT $QTI IT 4 8GT[ HKPG #JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ

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ŉ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

VQ RWV GEENGUKCUVKECN CHHCKTU TKIJV CICKP 9KVJ C NQV QH OQPG[ VJG MPKIJVU CEEQORNKUJGF VJG CRRQKPVOGPV VQ CTEJDKUJQR QH %JCPEGNNQT QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT 5KNXGUVGT 5VQFG 9GUEJGT YJQ YCU CNUQ C RTKGUV KP VJG QTFGT +P JG UKIPGF VJG 6TGCV[ QH -KTEJJQNO KP YJKEJ VJG LQKPV CFOKPKUVTCVKQP QH 4KIC YCU UGV QWV 6TQWDNGU YQWNF CTKUG CICKP JQYGXGT *KU UWEEGUUQT 5VGHCP )TWDG JCF VJG RQRG RTQENCKO JKO UQNG NQTF QXGT 4KIC DWV VJG RGQRNG YQWNF RTGXCKN GXGP VJQWIJ VJG[ JCF VQ YCKV WPVKN YJGP WPFGT #TEJDKUJQR /KEJCGN *KNFGDTCPF VJG ŋ9QNOCTUEJGP #HURTÌMGŌ QHHGTGF C UGVVNGOGPV 1P 5GRVGODGT .KXQPKCP ITCPF OCUVGT 9QNVGT QH 2NGVVGPDGTI OCPCIGF VQ UGEWTG VJG GZKUVGPEG QH .KXQPKC HQT CPQVJGT UKZ OQPVJU YJGP HKPCNN[ VJG )TCPF 2TKPEGFQO QH /QUEQY GOGTIGF RQUKPI C FGCFN[ VJTGCV 6JG EQCV QH CTOU QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR KU C ETQUUGF ETQUKGT CPF C UVCHH YKVJ C ENQXGT NGCH QP VJG EQKPU C PQTOCN ETQUU UVCHH K O Q

,1*#00'5 8+ #/$70&+

5EJKNNKPI 4KIC # 5JKGNF QH VJG &KQEGUG *GCF QH C WPKEQTP YKVJ UVCT QXGT TJQODU · *#05 QQ #4%25 $+1 4 %TQUU CPF ETQUKGT /10'6# Q 4+)'05+5 0GWOCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG

#JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ

*'00+0) XQP 5%*#4('0$'4)

5EJKNNKPI # /KVTGF DWUV HCEKPI *'0+) #4%* '25 4 %TQUU CPF ETQUKGT QXGT NKU /10'6# 4+)'05+5 0GWOCPP IT 8GT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

482

DORPAT

5EJKNNKPI # /KVTGF DWUV HCEKPI 0'2ŉ 4 %TQUU CPF ETQUKGT QXGT NKU „ /10'6# 4őő 0GWOCPP IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP PQ

,1+06 #&/+0+564#6+10 1( #4%*$+5*12 #0& 6'7610+% -0+)*65 #(6'4

5EJKNNKPI 4KIC # 5JKGNF QH VJG )TCPFOCUVGT QP NQPI ETQUU 9CNVGT XQP 2NGVVGPDGTI /#)+56'4 .+810+' 4 5JKGNF QH VJG CTEJDKUJQR /KEJCGN *KNFGDTCPF #4%+'2+ 4+)'05+ 0GWOCPP IT 4 6TCEGU QH GPETWUVCVKQP XGT[ HKPG

#JNUVTQO 5VQEMJQNO #WEVKQP PQ 6JG NGVVGTU '4 QH /CIKUVGT CTG PQV ENGCTN[ NGIKDNG 6JKU RTGUWOCDN[ KU HTQO VJG RGTKQF QH LQKPV TWNG D[ /KEJCGN *KNFGDTCPF #TEJDKUJQRTKE 4KIC CPF 9CNVGT QH 2NGVVGP DWTI .KXQPKCP DTQVJGTU QH VJG 5YQTF

&+1%'5' &142#6 %QPSWGTGF KP D[ ;CTQUNCX QH -KGX YJQ DWKNV KV KPVQ C FGHGPUKXG HQTVTGUU +P DKUJQR #NDGTV + QH .KXQPKC 4KIC PQOKPCVGF #DDQV 6JGQFQTKEJ QH &ÒPCOÒ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

&+'64+%* ++ XQP &#/'4#9

5EJKNNKPI # /KVTGF JGCF HCEKPI 6+&'4+#8585 '285 4 -G[ CPF UYQTF ETQUUGF YKVJ DTCPEJ TQUGVVG CPF TKPI KP VJG CPINGU /10'6# Q 6*#4$ 0GWOCPP IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM CV VJG GFIG XGT[ HKPG 9KPVGT &ÒUUGNFQTH #WEVKQP PQ 6JG MG[ KU 5V 2GVGTŉU VJG UYQTF 5V 2CWNŉU 6JG U[ODQNU KP VJG CPINGU VJG MG[ CPF VJG UYQTF CTG UKIPU HTQO VJG GRKUEQRCN EQCV QH CTOU

&+'64+%* +++ 4'55.'4

5EJKNNKPI # /KVTGF DWUV HCEKPI 6+&' '285 4 -G[ CPF UYQTF ETQUUGF YKVJ UVCT CPF DTCPEJ KP VJG CPINGU /10'6# 6#4$#6 0GWOCPP D IT +TTGIWNCT HNCP FQWDNG UVTWEM CNOQUV XGT[ HKPG /ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ (QT VJG TGXGTUG UGG VJG EQOOGPVU WPFGT PQ

483

RUSSIA

4755+# +P CPEKGPV VKOGU 4WUUKC YCU CNN DWV WPKPJCDKVGF CPF JCTFN[ CP[VJKPI YCU MPQYP CDQWV YJCV YCU ŋDG[QPF VJG UVGRRGU Ō +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG ŋ2TQVQDWNICTKCPUŌ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ŋ8CT[CIKŌ 8CTCPIKCPU KP 4WUUKCP CPF VJGKT HKTUV EJKGHVCKP YCU 4WTKM 6JG[ EQPUKFGTGF VJG YJQNG VGTTKVQT[ VQ DG VJGKT RTQRGTV[ CPF PCOGF KVU KPJCDKVCPVU ŋ4WUŌ 6JWU VJG NKPG QH VJG 4WTKMKFU EQOOGPEGF 8NCFKOKT JCF JKOUGNH DCRVKUGF KP CPF RTQEGGFGF VQ DCRVKUG JKU GPVKTG RGQRNG -KGX YCU VJG ECRKVCN CPF VJG 4WTKMKFU UVTQXG VQ JCXG KV GZWFG C URNGPFQWT TKXCNNKPI VJCV QH $[\CPVKWO # RCVTKCTEJ YCU KPUVCVGF YJQ YQWNF JQYGXGT TGOCKP UWDQTFKPCVG VQ VJG RTKPEGU DWV YCU KPFGRGPFGPV HTQO 4QOG +P VJKU RGTKQF UGVVNGOGPVU GOGTIGF VJTQWIJQWV VJG NCPF CNN QH VJGO FQOKPCVGF D[ OGODGTU QH VJG 4W TKMKF *QWUG 6JG HCOKN[ FQ[GP UGCVGF KP -KGX CPF YJGP JG FKGF GCEJ OGODGT OQXGF QPG RNCEG WR

8NCFKOKT HQT KPUVCPEG YCU KP 0QXIQTQF HTQO VQ CPF CHVGT VJCV KP -KGX ;CTQUNCX YCU KP 0QXIQTQF HTQO VQ CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ KP -KGX 6JG U[UVGO YCU CDCPFQPGF KP 6JG PGY EQWPVTKGU VJCV ECOG KPVQ DGKPI ECWUGF -KGXŉU KORQTVCPEG VQ FKOKPKUJ )TCPF 2TKPEG #PFTGK $QIQN[WDUM[ OQXGF VJG EQWPVT[ŉU RQNKVKECN EGPVTG QH ITCXKV[ HTQO -KGX VQ 8NCFKOKT CPF GXGP JCF -KGX UCEMGF KP 6JG ŋ-KGXCP 4WUŌ RGQRNG PGXGT HQTICXG VJG RGQRNGU ŋDG[QPF VJG YQQFUŌ HQT VJKU +P VJG [GCTU VJG /QPIQNU EQPSWGTGF VJG YJQNG QH 4WUUKC YKVJ VJG GZEGRVKQP QH 0QXIQTQF +P VJG 5YGFGU CNUQ KPXCFGF 4WUUKC RTQORVKPI VJG EKVK\GPU QH 0QXIQTQF VQ GNGEV #NGZCPFGT 0GXUM[

PF UQP QH )TCPF 2TKPEG ;CTQUNCX QH 8NCFKOKT UQXGTGKIP *G PQV QPN[ FTQXG VJG 5YGFGU HTQO VJG EQWPVT[ DWV CNUQ UGEWTGF VJG YGUVGTP DQTFGT CICKPUV VJG CFXCPEKPI 6GWVQPKE -PKIJVU $CVVNG QH .CMG 2GKRWU KP 0GXUM[ YCU JQYGXGT YGNN CYCTG VJCV JG JCF VQ OCKPVCKP HTKGPFN[ VKGU YKVJ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG +P JG YGPV VQ 5CTCK VJG ECRKVCN QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG CPF YKVJ VJG UWRRQTV QH VJG /QPIQNU DGECOG ITCPF RTKPEG QH 8NCFKOKT JKU HCVJGT YCU OWTFGTGF KP -CTCMQTWO *G YCU VJG CEVWCN RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG 4WTKMKFU 'XGT[QPG JCF VQ RC[ VTKDWVG VQ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG 6JG JQTFG FGOCPFGF RC[OGPVU KP UKNXGT C RTGEKQWU OGVCN VJCV YCU PQV CXCKNCDNG KP 4WUUKC CPF VJGTGHQTG JCF VQ DG GCTPGF KP VJG VTCFG YKVJ VJG YGUV +P #NGZCPFGT 0GXUM[ŉ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

%+6; 4'27$.+%

&GPIC # 6YQ HKIWTGU N ETQYPGF YKVJ UYQTF T MPGGNKPI 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 1( 6*' )4'#6 0'9 %+6; 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT -CKO R IT 8GT[ HKPG )QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ %CV /GPVKQPU VYQ UKVVKPI HKIWTGU PQ UKIP QH VJGO QP VJG EQKP KP JCPF

484

RUSSIA

&GPIC # 6YQ HKIWTGU N ETQYPGF YKVJ UYQTF T MPGGNKPI 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 1( 6*' )4'#6 0'9 %+6; 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT -CKO R IT 8GT[ HKPG 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 6JG YTKVKPI QP VJG TGXGTUG QH VJG PWODGTU CPF KU PQV YJQNN[ VJG UCOG KP O[ QRKPKQP

25-18 2UMQX YCU ENQUGN[ KPXQNXGF KP GUVCDNKUJKPI -KGXCP 4WU #OQPIUV QVJGTU VJG HKTUV RTKPEGUU QH -KGXCP 4WU 1NŉIC YKHG QH VJG UQP QH 4WTKM YCU HTQO 2UMQX 6JG 6GWVQPKE 1TFGT UJQTVN[ QEEWRKGF 2UMQX KP DWV YGTG FGHGCVGF KP VJG UCOG [GCT D[ #NGZCPFGT 0GXUM[ YJQ VJWU NCKF VJG HQWPFCVKQPU HQT 2UMQXŉU KPFGRGPFGPEG 2UMQX JCF CNYC[U UVQQF WPFGT VJG RTQVGEVKQP QH 0QXIQTQF DWV 0QXIQTQF JCF PGINGEVGF VJG VCUM ECWUKPI VJKU VKG VQ DG DTQMGP 1PN[ VJG DKUJQR QH 0QXIQTQF TGVCKPGF JKU QHHKEG KP 2UMQX +P 2UMQX CWVQPQOQWUN[ CRRQKPVGF C RTKPEG VJG .KVJWCPKCP &QXOQPV CHVGT JKU FGCVJ KP JG YQWNF DGEQOG VJG RCVTQP UCKPV QH 2UMQX +P VJG VJ CPF VJ EGPVWT[ 2UMQX RWTUWGF CPF ITCFWCNN[ ICKPGF KPFGRGPFGPEG CPF KV FG HCEVQ DGECOG C EKV[ TGRWDNKE (QNNQYKPI UGXGTCN KPUWTIGPEKGU KVU CWVQPQO[ YCU HKPCNN[ CPPWNNGF D[ 8CUUKN[ +++ )TCPF 2TKPEG QH /QU EQY KP CPF 2UMQX YCU KPEQTRQTCVGF KPVQ /QUEQY

%+6; 4'27$.+%

&GPIC # /KVTGF DWUV HCEKPI YKVJ UYQTF 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP &'0)# (41/ 25-18 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT -CKO R IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ 5QOGVKOGU KP NKVGTCVWTG VJGTG KU TGHGTGPEG VQ C ŋETQYPGF DWUVŌ UQOGVKOGU VQ CP ŋGRKUEQRCN DWUVŌ $GECWUG C DKUJQR CPF C UYQTF UGGO UQOGYJCV KPEQORCVKDNG QPG EQWNF JC\CTF C IWGUU VJCV VJKU KU VJG RCVTQP UCKPV

/15-#7 6JG PCOG /QUEQY KU HKTUV FQEWOGPVGF KP CU C DQTFGT VQYP QH VJG RTKPEKRCNKV[ 8NCFKOKT 5W\FCN /QUEQY ICKPGF KP KORQTVCPEG YJGP VJG RQNKVKECN EGPVTG QH ITCXKV[ UJKHVGF HTQO -KGX VQ 8NCFKOKT

UKVWCVGF PGCT 5W\FCN #U OCP[ QVJGT 4WUUKCP EKVKGU /QUEQY KP YCU CNUQ GPVKTGN[ FGXCUVCVGF D[ VJG 6CVCTU +P /QUEQY DGECOG VJG TGUKFGPEG QH &CPKKN WPVKN C [QWPIGT UQP QH #NGZCPFGT 0GXUM[ŉU CPF JG VJWU YCU VJG HQTGHCVJGT QH CNN VJG NCVGT RTKPEGU QH /QUEQY HTQO VJG 4WTKMKF *QWUG +P VJG -JCP QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG CRRQKPVGF VJG ITCPF RTKPEGU QH /QUEQY VQ DG UQXGTGKIPU QH 8NCFKOKT +P &OKVT[ &QPUMQ[ DWKNV VJG -TGONKP CDQWV VJG UCOG UK\G KV KU VQFC[ +V YCU WPFGT VJKU RTKPEG VJCV OKPVKPI DGICP 6JG EQCV QH CTOU KU VJG ITCPF RTKPEG QP JQTUGDCEM VJTWUVKPI C NCPEG KPVQ C FTCIQPŉU OQWVJ +V KU QHVGP HQWPF QP EQKPU 8CUUKN[ ++ PQV QPN[ UVTKMGU EQKP KP JKU QYP PCOG KP /QUEQY DWV CNUQ KP UGXGTCN RTKPEKRCNKVKGU FGRGPFGPV QP /QUEQY

9#55+.+ ++ 9#55+.,'9+65%* 6,1/0; 6JG $NKPF

&GPIC DGHQTG # *GCF N 6TCPUNCVKQP )4#0& 24+0%' 8#55+.++ 4 6YQ HKIWTGU JQNFKPI UVCHH

VTGG! N UVCPFKPI T UKVVKPI 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

485

RUSSIA

&GVCKN

&GPIC CHVGT # /QWPVGF 5V )GQTI T RKGTEKPI FTCIQP KP HKGNF +% +5+#+1525# 4 /CP JQNFKPI UPCMG ! 6TCPUNCVKQP 8#5+.++ 8#5+.+'8+%* 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT 8GT[ HKPG

&GPIC # 5GCVGF HKIWTG YKVJ UYQTF CPF TCKUGF JCPF 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP )4'#6 24+0%' 8#5+.++ 5RCUUMK -CKO EH 2 IT 4 5OCNN CPF KTTGIWNCT HNCP QVJGTYKUG GZVTGOGN[ HKPG VQ WPEKTEWNCVGF URGEKOGP

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT

6QFGTK (NQTGPEG 6JG QDXGTUG KU YGNNFTCYP CU [QW ECP UGG KP VJG CIITCPFKUGOGPV

2WN %KV[ /QUMCW # $KTF N 4 6JTGG NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 27.1 1( /15%19 5RCUUMK 2GVT IT 8GT[ HKPG )QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ +P VJG VJ EGPVWT[ RWN YGTG KUUWGF HQT OKPQT RC[OGPVU KP VJG EKVKGU 6JGTG KU PGXGT CP[ KPFKECVKQP QH C RTKPEG QPN[ QH VJG RNCEG

#TQWPF XCTKQWU RTKPEKRCNKVKGU GOGTIGF KP VJG XKEKPKV[ QH /QUEQY UWEJ CU 8NCFKOKT 5W\FCN /Q\ JC[UM CPF 5GTRWMJQX NCVGT CNUQ $QTQXUM )CNKEJ CPF 8GTG[C CPF QVJGTU QH YJKEJ PQ EQKPU JCXG DGGP HQWPF $14195 +P YG HKPF #PFTG[ JGTG UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP 8NCFKOKT #PFTG[GXKEJ +P $QTQXUM JG YCU UWEEGGFGF D[ JKU UQP 5KOGQP 8NCFKOKTQXKEJ YJKNG JKU QVJGT UQP +XCP 8NCFKOKTQXKEJ DGECOG RTKPEG QH 5GTRWMJQX 9JGP 5KOGQP CNUQ DGECOG RTKPEG QH 5GTRWEJQX KP $QTQYUM YCU LQKPGF YKVJ 5GTRWMJQX

9#55+.+ ,#415.#9+65%*

&GPIC # /QWPVGF RTKPEG T RKGTEKPI FTCIQP 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' 8#5+.++ ,#415.#8+%* 5RCUUMK R KNNWUVT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ +P 5RCUUMK VJKU EQKP KU NKUVGF WPFGT 5GTRWMJQX

)#.+%* (KTUV OKPVKPI WPFGT ;WTK &OKVTK[GXKEJ 6JG HKTUV EQKPU YGTG UVTWEM KP <XGPKIQTQF NCVGT VJG OKPV OQXGF VQ )CNKEJ +P VJG RTKPEKRCNKV[ YCU NQUV

,74+ &/+64+'9+65%*

&GPIC # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQY 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP )4'#6 24+0%' ;74++ 5RCUUMK IT 4 # NKVVNG TWDDGF QP VJG UWTHCEG XGT[ HKPG )QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

486

RUSSIA

&GPIC # 2TKPEG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQY HQWT RGNNGVU KP HKGNF 4 6JTGG NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP &+' 1( 24+0%' ;74++ )#.+%* 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT 2GVT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ 6JG PWODGTU CPF UGGO GZCEVN[ VJG UCOG JQYGXGT QP VJG HCEG KU UOCNN CPF QP KV KU NCTIG

-#5%*+0 -CUEJKP YCU RCTV QH VJG RTKPEGFQO 6YGT 6JG HKTUV YJQ UVTWEM EQKPU YCU 9CUUKNK /KEJCKNQYKVUEJ #HVGT +YCP $QTKUUQYKVUEJ ECOG VQ RQYGT )TGCV 2TKPEG $QTKU #NGZCPFTQYKVUEJ QEEWRKGF VJG TKIJV QT OKPV

#010;/175

2WN # $KTF T WPFGT VTKFGPV 4 6JTGG NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 27.1 1( -#5*+0 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT 2GVT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ +P 5RCUUMK VJKU EQKP CRRGCTU WPFGT PQ QP R DWV KV KU CVVTKDWVGF VQ -CU\[P YJGVJGT VJG TGXGTUG VGZV KU VJG UCOG KU PQV ENGCT

/15%*#+5- /Q\JC[UM QTKIKPCNN[ DGNQPIGF VQ VJG 2TKPEKRCNKV[ 5OQNGPUM +P ;WTK FTGY KV WPFGT /QUEQY +P C [QWPIGT UQP QH #NGZCPFGT &QPUMQ[ ITCPF RTKPEG QH /QUEQY #PFTG[ DGECOG RTKPEG QH /Q\JC[UM *KU UQP +XCP #PFTG[GXKEJ KP CVVGORVGF VQ WUWTR VJG /QUEQY VJTQPG YKVJ VJG CKF QH VJG ITCPF RTKPEG QH 6XGT $QTKU #NGZCPFTQXKEJ CPF VJG RTKPEG QH .KVJWCPKC *G HCKNGF CPF HNGF VQ .KVJWCPKC /QUEQY PQOKPCVGF C IQXGTPQT CPF KP CPPGZGF /Q\JC[UM FGHKPKVKXGN[ #PFTGKÅ&#x2030;U QVJGT UQP +XCPÅ&#x2030;U DTQVJGT /KMJCKN #PFTG[GXKEJ TGEGKXGF 8GTG[C YJKEJ CHVGT JKU FGCVJ KP HGNN VQ /QUEQY

+9#0 #0&4','9+65%*

&GPIC # /QWPVGF MPKIJV T RKGTEKPI FTCIQP FQI WPFGT VJG JQTUG CPF +% KP HKGNF 4 6YQ HKIWTGU UVCPFKPI 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' +8#0 #0&4','8+%* 5RCUUMK R KNNWUVT FQI N 2GVT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ 5RCUUMK FGUKIPCVGU VJG U[ODQN KP VJG QDXGTUG HKGNF VQ DG C - + YQWNF UC[ KV TGCFU +% YJKEJ KU EQOOQP QP QVJGT EQKPU

+9#0 +9#018+65%*

2WN # &TCIQP *QTUG ! T 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 1( )4'#6 24+0%' +8#0 5R EH R KNNWUVT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

8GEEJK .QPFQP #WEVKQP PQ 6JG JQTUG TGUGODNGU VJCV QP VJG UEGCVVCU QH 0QTVJWODTKC VQ C TGOCTMCDNG FGITGG FGURKVG VJG ITGCV VKOG FKHHGTGPEG

487

RUSSIA

5'427%*18 5GTRWMJQX YCU C HQTVTGUU 6JG RTKPEKRCNKV[ NC[ KP /QUEQY VGTTKVQT[ +P 2TKPEG 8NCFKOKT -JTCDT[L HQWPFGF UGXGTCN EJWTEJGU VJGTG 7RQP VJG FGCVJ QH 8NCFKOKT VJG RTKPEKRCNKV[ YCU FKXKFGF KPVQ HKXG OKPQT RTKPEKRCNKVKGU 5GTRWMJQX FGXQNXGF VQ VJG GNFGUV +XCP 8NCFKOKTQXKEJ *KU UWEEGUUQT YCU 5KOGQP 8NCFK OKTQXKVUEJ YJQ JCF CESWKTGF $QTQXUM KP YJKEJ VJWU ECOG VQ DG TGWPKVGF YKVJ 5GTRWMJQX +P 5GTRWMJQX YCU ECRVWTGF CPF NCKF KP CUJGU D[ VJG 6CVCT -JCP 6QMJVCO[UJ 5WDUGSWGPV EQKPU RTQXKFG VJG PCOGU QH VJG VYQ TWNGTU 6QMJVCO[UJ CPF 8NCFKOKT

9#55+.+ ,#415.#9+65%*

&GPIC # (KIWTG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF DQY 4 /QWPVGF MPKIJV RKGTEKPI FTCIQP +% KP HKGNF 5RCUUMK R KNNWUVT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

9'4',# +P 8GTG[C YCU C RCTV QH VJG UOCNN RTKPEKRCNKV[ QH /Q\JC[UM &OKVT[ &QPUMQ[ŉU VJKTF UQP

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

/+%*#+. #0&4','9+65%*

&GPIC # /QWPVGF MPKIJV RKGTEKPI FTCIQP +% KP HKGNF 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' /+%*#'. 4 $GCUV N VYQ RGNNGVU KP HKGNF 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' /+%*#+. #0&4''8+%* 5RCUUMK R KNNWUVT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

/ÒP\\GPVTWO -ÌNP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPIC /QWPVGF OCP T YKVJ HCNEQP HKXG RGNNGVU KP HKGNF 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' /+%*#'. #0&4''8+%* 5RCUUMK R KNNWUVT IT 44 8GT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPIC # 6YQ HKIWTGU UVCPFKPI 6TCPUNCVKQP 24+0%' #0& '8+%* 4 /QWPVGF MPKIJV RKGTEKPI FTCIQP FQI WPFGT JQTUG 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT +YCP #PFTGLGYKVUEJ IT 4 (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /QUEJ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

488

RUSSIA

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1.') +9#019+65%*

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)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPIC 6COIC %QWPVGTOCTM QH 4LC\CP QP EQKP QH VJG 6CTVCTU 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

&GPIC 6COIC %QWPVGTOCTM QH 4LC\CP QP EQKP QH VJG 6CTVCTU 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT #NOQUV XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /Ã&#x2019;PEJGP #WEVKQP PQ

9#55+.+ +9#019+65%*

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489

RUSSIA

57<&#. 1TKIKPCNN[ RQRWNCVGF D[ VJG (KPPKUJ /GT[C VTKDG 6JKU YCU VJG ŋNCPF DG[QPF VJG HQTGUVUŌ +P VJG HKTUV JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ 5W\FCNŉ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

#010;/175 VWTP QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[

&GPIC # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 .Q\GPI[ HKIWTG 6CTVCTKCP VGZV 5RCUUMK EH R IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

)QTP[ /ÒPEJGP #WEVKQP PQ )QTP[ CVVTKDWVGF VJKU EQKP VQ $QTKU %QPUVCPVKPQXKEJ + O Q VJKU KU VJG UCOG V[RG CU VJG PGZV VJTGG

&GPIC # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 6CTVCTKCP VGZV 1TGUEJPKMQY 5RCUUMK EH R IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

&GPIC # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 6CTVCTKCP VGZV +OKVCVKQP QH C VCTVCTKCP EQKP QH VJG EKV[ QH )WNKUVCP 1TGUEJPKMQY # 5RCUUMK EH R IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

490

RUSSIA

&GPIC # %TQUU YKVJ QPG RGNNGV KP GCEJ CPING 4 6CTVCTKCP VGZV +OKVCVKQP QH C VCTVCTKCP EQKP QH VJG EKV[ QH )WNKUVCP 1TGUEJPKMQY # 5RCUUMK EH R IT (KPG VQ XGT[ HKPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

&#0++. $14+5519+65%*

&GPIC # 2TKPEG T YKVJ CZG DGVYGGP VYQ UVCTU 4 6CTVCTKCP VGZV 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT (KPG

4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

&GPIC CHVGT # 2TKPEG N YKVJ CZG CPF UYQTF 6TCPUNCVKQP )4'#6 24+0%' &# 0+. 4 6CTVCTKCP VGZV %KV[ QH )WNKUVCP 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT 5NKIJVGN[ EQTTQFGF XGT[ HKPG 4CWEJ 9KGP #WEVKQP +++ PQ

69'4 6JG PCOG 6XGT KU QH (KPPKUJ QTKIKP 6KJGXGTÂ· (QNNQYKPI VJG /QPIQN CUUCWNVU KP %QWPV ;CTQUNCX 8UGXQNQFQXKE HQWPFGF VJG KPFGRGPFGPV 2TKPEK RCNKV[ QH 6XGT *KU UQP ;CTQUNCX ;CTQUNCXKEJ KP DGECOG RTKPEG QH 6XGT CPF RTQIGPKVQT QH VJG *QWUG QH 6XGT 6XGT RTQURGTGF +P VJG PF JCNH QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG &KQEGUG 6XGT YCU GUVCDNKUJGF FWTKPI VJG TGKIP QH /KMJCKN ;CTQUNCXKEJ /QUEQYÅ&#x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Å&#x2030;U UGNH CUUWTCPEG KU TGHNGEVGF KP VJG WUG QH C FQWDNG GCING CPF VJG EQOKVCN VKVNG QP KVU EQKPU %QWPV $QTKU #NGMUCPFTQXKEJ EQPVKPWGF VJG YGUV RQNKVKEU QH JKU HCVJGT CPF YCU ECTGHWN VQ CNYC[U OCKPVCKP C PGWVTCN RQUKVKQP 0GXGTVJGNGUU FGENKPG UGV KP CPF VJG GPF ECOG FWTKPI VJG TGKIP QH /KMJCKN $QTKUQXKEJ YJQ YCU VJG NCUV RTKPEG QH 6XGT +P /QUEQY CPPGZGF 6XGT /KPVKPI UVCTVGF WPFGT )TCPF 2TKPEG +XCP /KMJCKNQXKEJ CHVGT *KU UWEEGUUQT $QTKU #NGZCPFTQXKEJ EQPVKPWGF OKPVKPI

$14+5 #.':#0&419+65%*

&GPIC # (KIWTG UVCPFKPI YKVJ UYQTF CPF UJKGNF 4 (QWT NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP &+' 1( )4'#6 24+0%' $14+5 5RCUUMK EH R KNNWUVT IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

/Ã&#x2019;NNGT 5QNKPIGP #WEVKQP PQ

491

RUSSIA /+%*#+. $14+5519+65%*

2WN # /QPG[GT N 4 6JTGG NKPGU QH VGZV 6TCPUNCVKQP 27.1 1( 68'4 5RCUUMK 4GKEJGN ! IT # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG

$CVCXKC FGP *CCI

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

6TKCPIWNCT DTQP\G EQKP VJ EGPVWT[ # (GOCNG HKIWTG N YKVJ V[RKECN ECR QH VJG TGIKQP QH VJG 9QNIC 4 6GZV JCTFN[ XKUKDNG IT 4 8GT[ HKPG

T &GVCKN 492

GOLDEN HORDE

)1.&'0 *14&' 6Q WPFGTUVCPF VJG JKUVQT[ QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG KV KU PGEGUUCT[ VQ HKTUV NGCTP CDQWV VJG /QPIQNU 6JG /QPIQNU NKXGF KP ITCUUNCPFU CPF VJGKT UQWTEG QH UWDUKUVGPEG EQORTKUGF QH HKXG URGEKGU QH CPKOCN JQTUGU EQYU ECOGNU IQCVU CPF UJGGR KP YJKEJ JQTUGU QEEWRKGF C RTQOKPGPV RNCEG 6JG ITC\KPI NCPFU YGTG QYPGF D[ ENCPU CU HQT KPUVCPEG VJG TKXCN ENCPU QH VJG $QTLKIKF CPF VJG 6CKEJWF #TQWPF 6GOÒLKP QH VJG $QTLKIKF ENCP OCPCIGF VQ WPKVG VJG YCTTKPI HCEVKQPU CPF KP JG DGECOG VJG TWNGT QH VJG GPUWKPI HGFGTCVKQP QH VTKDGU PCOGF /QPISQN /QPIQNU *GPEGHQTVJ JG YCU MPQYP CU )GPIJKU -JCP 7PFGT JKU TWNG CP CDNG CPF HNGZKDNG CTO[ YCU VTCKPGF DNCEM CTO[ VJG 6CVCTU 6JG RQNKVKECN HQTO YCU PQV VJCV QH UWEEGUUKQP HQT VJG 3WTKNVCK CP CUUGODN[ QH UQTVU EJQUG VJG DGUV NGCFGT )TGCV EQPSWGUVU GPUWGF 6JG VGTTKVQT[ YCU GZRCPFGF GPQTOQWUN[ [GV GZRCPUKQPU YGTG UVKNN NKOKVGF VQ #UKC +P VJG YCTNQTFU ,GDG CPF 5WDWVCK RWUJGF FGGR KPVQ VJG YGUV EQPSWGTGF VJG 4WUUKCPU CPF VJG %WOCPU

-KREJCM DWV TGVWTPGF KP )GPIJKU YCU YQWPFGF KP DCVVNG CICKPUV VJG 6CPIWVU CPF RGTKUJGF *KU VJKTF UQP ¤IGFGK UWEEGGFGF )GPIJKU HKTUV DQTP UQP ,QEJK FKGF DGHQTG JKU HCVJGT +V YCU ,QEJKŉU UQP $CVW YJQ GODCTMGF QP VJG ECORCKIPU KP VJG YGUV 7PFGT VJG NGCFGTUJKR QH VJG IGPGTCN 5WDWVCK UGXGTCN ECORCKIPU YGTG WPFGTVCMGP KP CPF COQPI VJG EQPSWGTGF YGTG VJG 8QNIC $WNICTU VJG %WOCPU CPF CNN 4WUUKCP RTKPEKRCNK VKGU GZEGRV 0QXIQTQF 6JG 2KCUV FWMG *GPT[ ++ YCU FGHGCVGF PGCT .KGIPKV\ #RTKN CPF -KPI $GNC +8 QH *WPICT[ PGCT /QJK #RTKN #NN QH 'WTQRG YCU VJGP CV RGTKN YJGP VJG VKFKPI QH VJG FGCVJ QH )TGCV -JCP ¤IGFGK QP &GEGODGT TGCEJGF VJG JQTFGU KP 'WTQRG CPF VJG[ YKVJFTGY HTQO 2QNCPF CPF *WPICT[ 4WUUKC JQYGXGT TGOCKPGF WPFGT /QPIQN UYC[ 7PFGT ITGCV MJCPU /Ì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ŋ)QNFGP *QTFGŌ FGTKXGU HTQO VJG OCIPKHKEGPV IQNFGP VGPV QH $CVW -JCP (TQO VQ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG EQPVTQNNGF NCTIG RCTVU QH GCUVGTP 'WTQRG +VU UWRTGOCE[ EQOOGPEGF YKVJ $CVW YJQ FKGF KP -JCP $GTMG EQPXGTVGF VQ 5WPPK +UNCO YJKEJ DGECOG VJG ŋUVCVG TGNKIKQPŌ WPFGT -JCP 7\DGI 6JKU DTQWIJV CDQWV C EQCNGU EGPEG QH VJG /QPIQNU CPF VJG 6WTMU 6JG )QNFGP *QTFG GZGTEKUGF ITGCV VQNGTCPEG VQYCTFU QVJGT TGNKI KQPU COQPIUV QVJGTU VJGTG JCF DGGP C FKQEGUG KP 5CTCK UKPEG #U RTQDNGOU CTQUG YKVJ VJG TGCNO QH VJG +TCP +NMJCPCVG DQPFU YGTG GUVCDNKUJGF YKVJ VJG /CONWMU KP 'I[RV +P C UGVVNGOGPV DGVYGGP VJG +NMJCPU CPF VJG /CONWMU GPUWGF +P ETCEMU YGTG UVCTVKPI VQ UJQY KP VJG RQYGT QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG ECWUGF D[ EKXKN YCT CPF VJG DCVVNG YKVJ VJG 4WUUKCPU CPF YKVJ .KVJWCPKC YJKEJ YCU TKUKPI KP UKIPKHKECPEG CPF KP ECRVWTGF -KGX 6JG 1UOCPU QEEWRKGF VJG VJG &CTFCPGNU KP EWVVKPI QHH VJG EQPPGEVKQP VQ VJG /GFKVGTTCPGCP 6JG 6CVCTU YGTG HKTUV FGHGCVGF KP KP VJG $CVVNG QH -WNKMQXQ )TCFWCNN[ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG TGCNO FGENKPGF +P 4WUUKC YCU UWTTGPFGTGF CPF KP VJG NCUV MJCP YCU GZRGNNGF 6JG ECRKVCN QH VJG /QPIQN 4GCNO YCU 3CTC 3QTWO -CTCMQTWO 5CTCK QP VJG NQYGT EQWTUG QH VJG 8QNIC YCU VJG ECRKVCN QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG +P VJG OKFFNG QH VJG VJ EGPVWT[ VJG ECRKVCN YCU VTCPUHGTTGF VQ 5CTCK CN ,CFKF 0GY 5CTCK C NKVVNG YC[U WRUVTGCO KP VJG 8QNIC YCVGTUJGF 6JG NQECVKQP QH )WNKUVCP JCU PGXGT DGGP UCVKUH[KPIN[ FGVGTOKPGF 9JGVJGT )WNKUVCP YCU CP GUVCDNKUJGF EKV[ QT C UWOOGT GPECOROGPV QH VJG )QNFGP *QTFG KU CNUQ UWDLGEV VQ EQPVTQXGTU[ $CNCF EKV[ QT RNCEG

KP VJG NCVG /KFFNG #IGU KV YCU CNUQ WUGF VQ FGPQVG ŋTGIKQPŌ ,WUV CU KP +NMJCP +TCP VJG EWTTGPE[ WUGF D[ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG YCU VJG UKNXGT &KPCT QH &KTJCO 6JKU &KPCT YCU MPQYP COQPI VJG )QNFGP *QTFG WPFGT KVU 6WTMKUJ PCOG #NVKP QT #NVWP 6JKU KU CNUQ VJG PCOG GPEQWPVGTGF KP VJG EQPVGORQTCPGQWU 4WUUKCP OQPGVCT[ U[UVGO +P +TCP VJG EWTTGPV EQKP YCU VJG FQWDNG FKTJCO VJGTGHQTG YG CTTKXG CV &KPCT &CPIK &KTJCO #TQWPF FGXCNWCVKQP UGV KP VJG OQPG[ RNWPIKPI VQ JCNH KVU QTKIKPCN XCNWG 6JG &KTJCO VJWU GSWCNNGF &KPCT #NVKP

493

GOLDEN HORDE 7<$'-

&KTJGO 5CTC[ * # 6JG RQYGTHWN UWNVCP 5CTC[ /WJCOOGF 7\DGM -JCP 4 #NNCJ VJGTG KU PQ QVJGT IQF /QJCOOGF KU VJG OGUUGPIGT QH #NNCJ $/% (TCGJP IT 8GT[ HKPG

&QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + - + - +NKUEJ -CKO 'KP CNVGT (WPFDGUVCPF XQP 5KNDGTOÃ&#x2019;P\GP FGT )QNFGPGP *QTFG /Ã&#x2019;PUVGTUEJG 0WOKUOCVKUEJG <GKVWPI :++ R 6JG PWODGTU VJTQWIJ CTG HTQO VJG UCOG JQCTF UGG VJG +NKUEJ -CKO CTVKENG VJCV UVCTVU YKVJ EQKPU QH 7\ $GI CPF YCU DWTKGF KP

7\ $GI JCF VYQ UQPU 6KPK $GI CPF ,CPK $GI 6KPK $GI PGXGT OKPVGF 9JGP ,CPK $GI ECOG VQ RQYGT VJG )QNFGP *QTFG YCU CNTGCF[ RCUV KVU CRQIGG .KVJWCPKC RQUGF CP KPETGCUKPI VJTGCV VQ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG CNUQ DGECWUG KV JCTDQWTGF 6CVCT TGHWIGGU YJQ VJGP VWTPGF CICKPUV VJG )QNFGP *QTFG

,#0+$'-

&KTJGO )WNKUVCP * # 6JG LWUV 5WNVCP ,CPK $GM -JCP 4 5VTWEM )WNKUVCP $/% IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , ++ C + -

&KTJGO 5CTC[ CN LCFKF * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP ,CNCN CF FKP /CJOWF ,CPK $GM -JCP 4 5VTWEM KP CU 5CTC[ CN LCFKF ;GCT VQ NGHV $/% IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , +++ + -

,CPK $GI JCF VJTGG UQPU $GTFK $GI 3WNRC CPF 0CYTW\ $GI $GTFK $GIÅ&#x2030; TGKIP NCUVGF VYQ [GCTU VJGP JKU DTQVJGTU TGKIPGF QPG [GCT GCEJ

$+4&+$'- &WTKPI JKU UJQTV TGKIP $GTFK $GI JCF VYGNXG QH JKU DTQVJGTU CUUCUUKPCVGF DGHQTG JG JKOUGNH FKGF C XKQ NGPV FGCVJ *G CNUQ JCF JCF JKU UQP OWTFGTGF UQ VJGTG YCU PQ UWEEGUUQT 5WEEGUUKQP UWDUGSWGPVN[ ECWUGF C XKQNGPV HGWF HTQO YJKEJ JKU DTQVJGT 3WNRC HKPCNN[ GOGTIGF XKEVQTKQWU

&KTJGO 5GTCK CN LCFKF * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP /WJCOOGF $KTFK $GM -JCP 4 5VTWEM KP 5GTCK CN LCFKF ;GCT IT 8GT[ HKPG

5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% PQ

494

GOLDEN HORDE

&KTJGO $CNCF )WNKUVCP * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP $KTFKDGM -JCP 4 5VTWEM KP $CNCF )WNKUVCP ;GCT $/% IT 9GCMN[ UVTWEM XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + -

&KTJGO 5CTC[ CN )CFKF * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP /WJCOOGF $KTFK $GM -JCP 4 5VTWEM KP 5CTC[ GN LCFKF ;GCT $/% (TCGJP IT 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + -

&KTJGO 5CTCK CN LCFKF * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP /WJCOOGF $KTFK $GM -JCP 4 5VTWEM KP 5CTC[ CN LCFKF ;GCT IT 0KEG RCVKPC XGT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% PQ

37.0#

3WNRC TGKIPGF UKZ OQPVJU CPF HKXG FC[U *G YCU OWTFGTGF D[ JKU DQVJ UQPU CPF JKU DTQVJGT 0CYTW\ $GI 0CYTW\ $GI VJGP OCPCIGF VQ UGK\G RQYGT &KTJGO $CNCF )WNKUVCP * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP 3WNPC -JCP OC[ JKU TGKIP NCUV HQT NQPI 4 5VTWEM KP VJG VQYP QH $CNCF )WNKUVCP ;GCT $/% (TCGJP IT 4 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + -

0#947< 6JG 4WUUKCP RTKPEGU RCKF JQOCIG VQ 0CYTW\ $GI YJKEJ UVTGPIVJGPGF JKU RQUKVKQP EQPUKFGTCDN[ +P VJG OGCPVKOG VYQ HCEVKQPU JCF HQTOGF YKVJKP VJG )QNFGP *QTFG QPG VGPFKPI VQYCTFU .KVJWCPKC CPF VJG QVJGT HCXQWTKPI /QUEQY #U CNYC[U VJG WPUCVKUHKGF HCEVKQP RWV HQTYCTF C ECPFKFCVG QH VJGKT QYP 5GX GTCN GOKTU RTQRQUGF *KFT C RTKPEG HTQO VJG TGIKQP CETQUU VJG 8QNIC 9KVJ JKU CKF 0CYTW\ CPF JKU UQP 6KOWT YGTG HKPCNN[ FGRQUGF CPF UWDUGSWGPVN[ MKNNGF

&KTJGO $CNCF )WNKUVCP * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP 0CYTW\ $GM -JCP OC[ JKU TGKIP NCUV HQT NQPI 4 5VTWEM KP VJG VQYP QH $CNCF )WNKUVCP ;GCT $/% (TCGJP IT 4 # NKVVNG QHH EGPVTG XGT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + - 9QWNF VJWU JCXG VQ DG FKHHGTGPV QPN[ YKVJ TGURGEV VQ VJG [GCT HTQO JQYGXGT VJCV JCF

495

GOLDEN HORDE #HVGT 0CYTW\ C RGTKQF CH CDQWV [GCTU GPUWGF OCTMGF D[ EKXKN YCTU GVE +P VJKU RGTKQF MJCPU HTQO QVJGT VGTTKVQTKGU IQXGTPGF VJG )QNFGP *QTFG UWEJ CU -JK\T HTQO VJG 5JC[DCPKFU CPF 6QMJVCO[UJ HTQO VJG NKPG 1TFC

-*+&4 *KFT FKGF DGHQTG NQPI CV VJG JCPF QH JKU QYP UQP 6KOWT *QIC 6JG NCVVGT TWNGF HQT OGTGN[ UGXGP FC[U YJGP JG YCU MKNNGF JKOUGNH D[ VJG KPHNWGPVKCN 'OKT /COCK

&KTJGO 5CTC[ CN LCFKF * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP -JKFT -JCP OC[ JKU TGKIP NCUV HQT NQPI 4 5VTWEM KP 5CTC[ CN LCFKF ;GCT ! $/% (TCGJP IT 4 8GT[ HKPG &QODTQYUMK /Ã&#x2019;PUVGT , + + -

0QY RQYGT FGXQNXGF VQ -KNFK $GI C UQP QH 'OKT ,CPK $GI YJQ YCU QWUVGF +P VJG OGCPVKOG VJG 6CVCT EJKGHU RTQENCKOGF /WTKF JCP *QYGXGT PQDQF[ OCPCIGF VQ YKGNF TGCN RQYGT 0GZV CPQVJGT HKIWTG LQKPGF VJG TCPMU QH EQPVGPFGTU Å&#x2030;#DF CNNCJÅ&#x2030; RWV HQTVJ D[ /COCK 6JG OCP[ OWT FGTU JG UQQP JCF QP JKU JCPFU ECWUGF JKO VQQ VQ DG FGRQUGF 6JGP ECOG C RTKPEG YJQ ECNNGF JKOUGNH 2WNCF 6GOKT *CP CPF JG EQPSWGTGF VJG GPVKTG 8QNIC DCUKP #PQVJGT ECNNGF 6CICK CPPGZGF VJG /QTFXKPU $GUKFGU CHQTGUCKF EQPVGPFGTU VJGTG YCU [GV CPQVJGT *CP 1TFW /CNKM QH YJQO EQKPU CTG MPQYP HTQO 6JG URJGTGU QH KPHNWGPEG QH VJG XCTKQWU JCPU YGTG PQV ENGCTN[ UGRCTCVGF 5QOG OCPCIGF VQ EQP VTQN VJG 0GY 5CTCK HQT C UJQTV VKOG EQOOQPN[ CUEGTVCKPKPI VJGKT UQXGTGKIPV[ D[ UVTKMKPI EQKP

-*+<4 -*#0

&KTJGO )WNKUVCP * # 6JG LWUV UWNVCP 3WNPC -JCP OC[ VJKU MKPIUJKR NCUV 4 5VTWEM KP VJG VQYP QH )WNUKVCP ;GCT IT 8GT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% PQ

&KTJGO 0GY 5GTCK * 6JG LWUV UWNVCP -JKFT -JCP OC[ VJKU MKPIUJKR NCUV 4 5VTKMKPI QH 5CTC[ CN LCFKF ;GCT IT 8GT[ HKPG 5RKPM .QPFQP (TQO 0% PQ

67-6#/+5%* 6QMJVCO[UJ KU HTQO VJG DTCPEJ 1TFC ,QEJKÅ&#x2030;U GNFGUV UQP MJCP QH VJG 9JKVG *QTFG 6JG UWDUKFKCT[ DTCPEJ YKVJ 6WNK -JQLCJ DGNQPIGF VQ VJG )QNFGP *QTFG

&KTJCO $WNIJCT ! * $/% IT 6KGVLGP *CODWTI #WEVKQP PQ

44 9GCMN[ UVTWEM KP RCTVU XGT[ HKPG

#HVGT VJG 6CVCTU JCF DGGP FTKXGP CYC[ WUG QH VJGKT EQKPU YCU QHVGP RTQNQPIGF CHVGT VJG[ JCF DGGP EQWPVGTOCTMGF HQT VJG TGURGEVKXG TGIKQP UGG G I WPFGT 4WUUKC 4[C\CP KP YJKEJ ECUG /QPIQNKCP EQKPU YGTG EQWPVGTOCTMGF YKVJ VJG VCOIC QH 4[C\CP /WEJ QH VJG CDQXG YCU VCMGP HTQO VJG CTVKENG D[ +NNKUEJ CPF -CKO 496