Auktion 231 Kuenker by Fritz Rudolf Kuenker GmbH & Co. KG

Titelfoto (Nr. 9097) Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II., 2. Regierungsperiode 855-886 H./1451-1481 AD. Sultani 882 H., Qustantînîya (Konstantinopel/ Istanbul). 3,49 g. Vgl. HE 254 (883 H.); Artuk 1430; Pere 79; Damali 17-K-A1-882.

AUKTION 231 THE SULTAN COLLECTION An Old Private Collection of Ottoman Coins, Part 3 Münzen des Ottomanischen Reiches, Teil 3 ZEIT

Samstag, 16. März 2013 10.00 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr 16.30 Uhr - 19.00 Uhr

ORT

Steigenberger Hotel Remarque Osnabrück, Natruper-Tor-Wall 1

AUKTIONS-TELEFON

+49 (0)541 60 96 633

AUKTIONS-FAX

+49 (0)541 60 96 634 in Zusammenarbeit mit:

NUMISART (Roland Michel) 18, place du Manoir CH - 1223 Cologny - Genève, Schweiz Telefon +41 (0)22 73 67 593 - Fax +41 (0)22 73 50 210 www.numisart.ch - numisart@bluewin.ch

Auktionen 226-231, 11. - 16. März 2013 11. MÄRZ 2013

12./13. MÄRZ 2013 13./14. MÄRZ 2013

14. MÄRZ 2013

15. MÄRZ 2013 16. MÄRZ 2013

Auktion 226 Münzen aus der Welt der Antike Die Sammlung Kochs, Bonn, u. a. Auktion 227 Ausgewählte Münzen des Mittelalters Die Sammlung Dr. Edoardo Curti Auktion 228 Münzen und Medaillen aus Mittelalter und Neuzeit Auktion 229 Köln, das Rheinland und Westfalen Nürnberg und Franken Zwei bedeutende Spezialsammlungen, u. a. Auktion 230 Goldprägungen Die Sammlung Vogel, Teil 5, u. a. Deutsche Münzen ab 1871 Russische Münzen und Medaillen Auktion 231 The Sultan Collection, Part 3 Münzen des Ottomanischen Reiches, Teil 3

Zeitplan/Timetable Auktion 226 Münzen aus der Welt der Antike Die Sammlung Kochs, Bonn, u. a.

Auktion 227 Ausgewählte Münzen des Mittelalters Die Sammlung Dr. Edoardo Curti

Montag, 11. März 2013 09.30 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 1 bis Nr. 718 Kelten, Griechen, Römische Republik, Imperatorische Prägungen 14.00 Uhr - 16.30 Uhr Nr. 719 bis Nr. 1255 Römische Kaiserzeit, Völkerwanderung, Byzanz, Kreuzfahrer, Orientalen 16.30 Uhr - 19.00 Uhr Nr. 2001 bis Nr. 2462

Auktion 228

Dienstag, 12. März 2013

Münzen und Medaillen aus Mittelalter und Neuzeit

09.30 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 2501 bis Nr. 3206 Europa: Albanien - Niederlande 14.00 Uhr - 19.00 Uhr Nr. 3207 bis Nr. 4128 Europa: Norwegen - Zypern, Übersee, Habsburgische Erblande, Deutschland: Anhalt - Bayern

Mittwoch, 13. März 2013 09.30 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 4129 bis Nr. 4797 Deutschland: Brandenburg-Preußen - Rostock 14.00 Uhr - 16.30 Uhr Nr. 4798 bis Nr. 5220 Deutschland: Sachsen - Württemberg, Medaillen, Papiergeld, Münzwaagen, Lots

Auktion 229 Köln, das Rheinland und Westfalen Die Sammlung eines rheinischen Numismatikers, u. a.

16.30 Uhr - 18.30 Uhr Nr. 5501 bis Nr. 5837 Köln, Aachen - Speyer

Donnerstag, 14. März 2013 Nürnberg und Franken Eine bedeutende Spezialsammlung, u. a.

Auktion 230 Goldprägungen Die Sammlung Vogel, Hamburg, Teil 5, u. a.

09.30 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 5838 bis Nr. 6332 Trier – Worms, Bentheim – Westphalen Sammlung Nürnberg und Franken 14.00 Uhr - 19.00 Uhr Nr. 6501 bis Nr. 7553

Freitag, 15. März 2013 Deutsche Münzen ab 1871 Russische Münzen und Medaillen

Auktion 231 The Sultan Collection, Part 3 Münzen des Ottomanischen Reiches, Teil 3

10.00 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 7554 bis Nr. 8114 14.00 Uhr - 18.30 Uhr Nr. 8115 bis Nr. 8707

Samstag, 16. März 2013 10.00 Uhr - 13.00 Uhr Nr. 9001 bis Nr. 9663 Orhân ibn 'Utmân - Murâd III. ibn Selîm I. 14.00 Uhr - 15.30 Uhr Nr. 9664 bis Nr. 9956 Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III. - Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm, Kupfermünzen, Gegenstempel, Waagen

Sehr geehrte Münzfreunde, das Interesse für historische Münzen und Medaillen ist unverändert stark, wie unsere Auktionen am 31. Januar 2013 in Berlin gezeigt haben. Sie als unsere Kunden haben dazu beigetragen, dass zahlreiche Raritäten, u. a. aus der Sammlung Friedrich Popken und der Pommernsammlung von Prof. Helmut Hahn, erfolgreich versteigert werden konnten. Für Ihr Vertrauen danke ich Ihnen sehr und freue mich, dass Sie die Arbeit und das Engagement unserer Mitarbeiter schätzen. Es wurde in der Presse bereits angekündigt, dass die ermäßigte Mehrwertsteuer auf Münzen in Höhe von 7 % im Zuge der Harmonisierung innerhalb der Europäischen Union zukünftig wegfallen wird.

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Sie als Sammler muss das aber nicht beunruhigen, denn das Aufgeld einschließlich Mehrwertsteuer von bisher 23 % bleibt für Sie unverändert bestehen. Dies gilt für unsere Kunden in Deutschland und allen Ländern der Europäischen Union (Kunden in Drittländern wie z. B. Norwegen, Russland, Schweiz, USA zahlen ein Aufgeld von 20 %, wenn die Münzen durch uns exportiert werden). Die Beibehaltung des Aufgeldes ist möglich, weil zukünftig durch Anwendung der sogenannten Differenzbesteuerung nur unsere Marge (bestehend aus Aufgeld und Einlieferungsprovision) mit dem zur Zeit gültigen Mehrwertsteuer-Satz von 19 % besteuert wird. Für das Jahr 2013 gibt es allerdings neben der Differenzbesteuerung immer noch den ermäßigten Steuersatz von 7 %. Anlagegold-Münzen und Goldbarren sind wie bisher steuerfrei. Ich bedanke mich für Ihr Interesse und wünsche Ihnen viel Freude beim Studium unserer Auktionskataloge. Mit herzlichen Grüßen,

Dear Coin Enthusiasts, Interest in historical coins and medals is as strong as ever, as our auctions on January 31st, 2013 in Berlin showed. As our customers, we thank you sincerely: you helped make it possible to successfully auction countless rarities, including rarities from the collection of Friedrich Popken and the Pomerania collection of Prof. Helmut Hahn. I thank you sincerely for your trust, and I am very happy that you appreciate the work and commitment of our employees. It has been announced in the press that the reduced value-added tax on coins, currently at 7 %, will, in the future, be eliminated in line with the harmonization taking place in the European Union. As a collector, however, you should not be worried by this, because the current surcharge – including value-added tax – of 23 % will remain unchanged for you. This applies for our customers in Germany and all countries of the European Union (customers in other countries such as Norway, Russia, Switzerland and the USA will pay a surcharge of 20 % when we export the coins). The retention of the surcharge is possible because in the future, due to the application of the so-called “discrepancytaxing”, only our margin (consisting of surcharge and deposit commission) will be taxed at the current value-added tax rate of 19 %. For the year 2013, however, in addition to the discrepancy-taxing the reduced tax rate of 7 % will remain in effect. Investment gold coins and gold ingots will continue to be tax-free. I thank you for your interest, and wish you an enjoyable experience in perusing our auction catalog. Best Wishes,

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Besichtigung/On View Die Besichtigung des Auktionsgutes kann nach vorheriger telefonischer Absprache erfolgen. Unser besonderer Service anlässlich der Numismata München 2013: Besichtigung am Freitag, 1. März 2013, und Samstag, 2. März 2013, jeweils von 9.30 – 18.00 Uhr in unseren Münchner Büroräumen am Maximiliansplatz 12a. Am Sonntag, 3. März 2013, kann die Besichtigung nur nach vorheriger Vereinbarung erfolgen.

KUENKER.DE

Auction lots may be viewed by appointment only. Special service for our customers participating in the Numismata Munich 2013: auction lot viewing is possible in our Munich office at Maximiliansplatz 12a on Friday, March 1st, and Saturday, March 2nd, from 9.30 AM to 6.00 PM. On Sunday, March 3rd, auction lot viewing is possible by appointment only.

Online-Katalog/Online Catalogue Betrachten Sie unsere Auktionskataloge im Internet! Unter www.kuenker.de und www.sixbid.com haben Sie die Möglichkeit, Abbildungen zu vergrößern, Ihre Gebote direkt abzugeben und die Ergebnisse der Auktionen abzurufen. Please browse our auction catalogues at www.kuenker.com or at www.sixbid.com! You will have the possibility to zoom all images, to place your bids and to view all auction results online.

Künker-Service Wir sind mittlerweile mit neun eigenen Standorten in Deutschland und Europa vertreten. So können wir Ihnen unseren beliebten Künker-Service auch in Ihrer Nähe anbieten. Unsere Leistungen vor Ort: • Persönliche Beratung und Betreuung in Ihrer Nähe. • Sie können Ihre Münzen direkt einliefern oder verkaufen, ersteigerte Münzen abholen und sich nach Vereinbarung Einlieferungen auszahlen lassen. • Sie können sich von unserem Kooperationspartner auf den Künker-Auktionen vertreten lassen. We are now represented with nine locations in Germany and Europe so that we can also provide you the best service in your vicinity. Our local services: • You always have a point of contact nearby. • You can directly consign or sell your coins, collect purchases and receive by appointment payment for consignments. • You can have our cooperation partner represent you at our auctions. OSNABRÜCK Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Gutenbergstraße 23, 49076 Osnabrück Tel. +49 (0)541 96 20 20, E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Haupptstsititz Ha ititz in in Osn s abbrüückk

USt-IdNr./VAT-No: DE256270181

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Standorte/Locations

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MÜNCHEN Künker Numismatik AG Löwengrube 12, 80333 München Dr. Hubert Ruß Tel. +49 (0)89 242 198 38, service@kuenker-numismatik.de Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Maximiliansplatz 12a, 80333 München Frank Richardsen Tel. +49 (0)89 242 16 990, frank.richardsen@kuenker.de BERLIN Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Poststraße 22, 10178 Berlin-Mitte Wollankstraße 117, 13187 Berlin-Pankow Michael Otto Tel. +49 (0)30 247 248 91, michael.otto@kuenker.de

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HAMBURG Künker Hamburg, c/o Roland Trampe Roland Trampe Tel. +49 (0)541 96 20 20, roland.trampe@kuenker.de KONSTANZ Künker Konstanz, c/o Michael Autengruber Schulthaißstraße 10, 78462 Konstanz Michael Autengruber Tel. +49 (0)7531 28 44 69, michael.autengruber@kuenker.de

Michaeel Autengruubeer

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ZNOJMO Künker Znojmo, c/o Petr Kovaljov 17. Listopadu 18, 66902 Znojmo, Tschechische Republik Petr Kovaljov Tel. +42 (0)603 81 10 31, petr.kovaljov@kuenker.de ZÜRICH Künker Zürich, c/o Hess-Divo AG Löwenstraße 55, 8001 Zürich, Schweiz Ulf Künker Tel. +41 (0)44 225 40 90, zuerich@kuenker.de

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MOSKAU Künker Moskau, c/o Russian Coin Co. Ltd. Lyalin pereulok dom 9, str. 1, of. 3, 105062 Moskau, Russland Aleksey Onchukov Tel. +7 (495) 589 56 10, aleksey.onchukov@kuenker.de

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Was ist für Ihre schriftliche Auktionsteilnahme besonders wichtig?

DEUTSCH

• Bitte senden Sie uns Ihre Aufträge möglichst frühzeitig zu. Wenn uns Ihr Auftrag erst kurz vor der Auktion erreicht, können sich bei der Bearbeitung Fehler einschleichen. Das beiliegende Formular erleichtert Ihnen die Abgabe eines schriftlichen Gebots. Gerne nehmen wir Ihre Gebote per Post, Fax oder Email entgegen. • Wenn Sie noch nicht bei uns gekauft haben, bitten wir Sie, uns als Referenz eine Münzhandlung anzugeben, mit der Sie bereits in Geschäftsverbindung stehen. • Wir gewährleisten die Echtheit aller verkauften Objekte auch über die gesetzliche Frist hinaus.

Sie möchten telefonisch an der Auktion teilnehmen? Die telefonische Teilnahme an der Auktion ist bei uns selbstverständlich möglich. Wir rufen Sie während der Auktion gerne an und helfen Ihnen, die gewünschten Stücke zu ersteigern. Aus organisatorischen Gründen bitten wir Sie, die folgenden Punkte zu beachten:

Ulrich Künker Leiter Kundenbetreuung

• Telefonisches Bieten ist nur bei Losen mit einer Taxe von mind. € 500,– möglich. • Bitte teilen Sie uns mindestens 48 Stunden vor der Auktion mit, zu welchen Stücken Sie angerufen werden möchten. • Bitte achten Sie darauf, dass Sie erreichbar sind, wenn Ihre Stücke versteigert werden. Der Zeitplan in diesem Katalog hilft Ihnen dabei, den Zeitpunkt der Versteigerung abzuschätzen. • Wir empfehlen, zusätzlich zu Ihrem Anrufwunsch auch ein Gebotslimit abzugeben, damit wir für Sie auch dann bieten können, falls die Verbindung nicht zustande kommt. • Bitte beachten Sie, dass telefonisches Bieten eine unsichere Variante der Auktionsteilnahme sein kann. Wir können keine Garantie für das Zustandekommen der telefonischen Verbindung übernehmen. Wenn Sie sicher gehen wollen, besuchen Sie bitte unsere Auktion persönlich oder geben Sie uns ein schriftliches Gebot.

Was passiert nach der Auktion? Barbara Westmeyer deutschsprachige Kundenbetreuung

Telefon: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 Gebührenfrei: 0800 58 36 537 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Internet: www.kuenker.de Montag – Donnerstag 8.30 – 17.00 Uhr Freitag 8.00 – 15.30 Uhr

• Der Versand der Auktionsware startet sofort nach Beendigung der Auktion und dauert in der Regel 8 Tage. • Alle Kunden, die an unserer Auktion schriftlich teilgenommen haben, erhalten innerhalb von 2 Wochen nach der Auktion unsere Ergebnisliste gratis. • Alle Ergebnisse sind spätestens einen Tag nach Auktionsende auf unserer Internetseite verfügbar.

Sie möchten Ihre Münzen in unsere Auktion einliefern? Sollten Sie sich zum Verkauf Ihrer Münzen entschlossen haben, kommen Sie zu uns. Seit 1985 beweisen wir mit derzeit 4 Auktionsterminen und ca. 15 Katalogen pro Jahr unsere Kompetenz und Zuverlässigkeit. Wichtige Informationen für Sie im Überblick: • Ihre Münzen werden von unseren Experten nach neuestem numismatischem Standard bestimmt und in hochwertigen Farbkatalogen präsentiert. • Wir verfügen mit mehr als 10.000 Kunden über eine der besten Kundendateien weltweit. Im Durchschnitt verkaufen wir mehr als 95 % der Stücke einer Auktion, nicht selten erzielen wir dabei Rekordzuschläge. Für nicht verkaufte Objekte werden keine Gebühren erhoben. • Ab der Übergabe an uns sind Ihre Münzen mit dem doppelten Schätzwert versichert. Unsere Kundenbetreuung bespricht gerne mit Ihnen wie Ihre Stücke sicher zu uns gelangen können. • Ihre Einlieferung wird Ihnen sofort nach der Übernahme quittiert. Spätestens 5 Wochen vor der Auktion erhalten Sie eine Auflistung Ihrer Stücke inkl. Katalognummern und Schätzpreisen. • Unmittelbar nach der Auktion erhalten Sie die Ergebnisliste und können dann alle erzielten Preise feststellen. Den Auktionserlös erhalten Sie innerhalb von 45 Tagen nach der Auktion.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Important facts for a written participation in the auction • Please send us your instructions as early as possible. The likelihood of errors occurring increases if we receive your instructions only shortly before the auction. The enclosed form should make it simple for you to submit a written bid, you may send your bids by mail, fax or e-mail. • If you are a new customer who has not yet purchased from us, we do request references. Please name a coin dealer with whom you have already done business. • The genuineness of all objects sold is warranted beyond the statutory length of time.

ENGLISH

Do you wish to participate by telephone? You are welcome to participate in our auction by telephone. We are glad to call you during the auction and to assist you in bidding for your items. Please take notice of the following conditions: • Telephone bidding is accepted exclusively on lot numbers with estimates at 500 Euro or above. • Please inform us at least 48 hours in advance if you wish to register for telephone bidding, even for single lots. We do need 48 hours to schedule all incoming requests. • Please be available, when your lots will be sold. The time schedule in the catalogue will help you to estimate the approximate time when your items are going to be sold. • When you register for telephone bidding, we recommend to leave a written bid in addition. This bid will only be executed, should the telephone bidding be interrupted or not be achieved. • Please be aware that telephone bidding is a risky way of participation in our auction. We do not assume liability should the telephone line be interrupted or not be achieved. We advise you to attend the auction in person or to send written bids.

Nadine Zuber English, Deutsch

What occurs after the auction? • The shipment of all auction goods starts immediately after the completion of the entire auction week and it usually takes 8 days to be completed. • All auction results are available on our website one day after the end of the auction week. • All clients who submitted bids for the auction will automatically receive the list of auction results free of charge within two weeks after the end of auction.

Do you wish to consign your coins to our auction? Should you decide to sell your coins, we are ready to assist you. Since 1985 we have earned our bona fides in conducting over 4 auctions and in publishing 15 catalogues per year. In the following you will find the most important information on consigning: • We guarantee the professional handling of your consignment following the latest numismatic level of expertise including its presentation in colour catalogues of outstanding quality. • We possess one of the best customer lists worldwide. On average we sell more than 95 % of all items in our auction, and it is not unusual for us to achieve record hammer prices for lots submitted. Unsold items incur no fees. • Once the coins are consigned they are covered by our insurance at double the estimate. Upon consultation with our customer service we try to advise you on the safest way of shipping for your coins. • Your delivery will be confirmed in writing immediately on receipt. At least five weeks before the auction, you will receive an exact list of your objects with the relevant catalogue numbers and descriptions. • Within a week of the end of auction, you will receive a list of auction results in order to see what prices were reached for each individual lot. As a consignor, you will receive the auction proceeds within 45 days after the end of auction.

Marion Künker English, Deutsch

Phone: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Website: www.kuenker.com Monday –Thursday 8.30 AM – 5 PM Friday 8 AM – 3.30 PM

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Votre participation par écrit – Les points essentiels

FRANCAIS

• Veuillez nous faire parvenir vos ordres le plus tôt possible. Si vos ordres nous parviennent juste avant la vente aux enchères, des erreurs risquent d’être commises lors de leur traitement. Le formulaire ci-joint vous aidera à rédiger facilement votre offre. Vous pouvez nous envoyer vos ordres par la poste, par fax ou par e-mail. • Si vous n’avez encore fait aucune acquisition chez nous, nous vous prions de nous indiquer une ou deux références d’autres maisons numismatiques où vous avez déjà acheté. • L’authenticité des pièces vendues est garantie même au-delà des délais légaux.

Vous voulez participer par téléphone? La participation par téléphone est bien sûr possible. Nous vous appelons volontiers pour vous aider à acquérir les pièces voulues. Pour des raisons d´organisation veuillez noter les points suivants:

Alexandra Elflein, M. A. Français, Deutsch, English, Italiano

• La participation par téléphone est possible seulement pour les lots estimé à plus de 500 Euros chacun. • Veuillez nous informer au moins 48 heures avant la vente de la liste des pièces pour lesquelles vous voudriez être appelé. • Veuillez prendre soin d´être joignable quand vos pièces seront mises en vente. L’ordre de vente dans ce catalogue vous aidera à estimer l´heure de la vente. • Vue les risques de la participation téléphonique, nous vous recommandons néanmoins d’indiquer une limite maximale pour chaque lot, pour que nous puissions enchérir pour vous, même si la communication téléphonique serait interrompue ou ne pourrait pas être établie. • La participation par téléphone présente des risques, et nous déclinons toute responsabilité dans le cas où la communication téléphonique serait interrompue, ou bien ne pourrait être établie.

Ce qui se passe après la vente Kmar Chachoua Français, Deutsch, English, Arabic

Tél. +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Facs. +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Site: www.kuenker.de Lundi à Jeudi de 8h30 à 17h00 Vendredi de 8h00 à 15h30

• L´expédition des biens va commencer immédiatement après la fin de la vente complète, et prend généralement 8 jours. • Tous les clients qui ont participé à l’une de nos ventes aux enchères recevront gratuitement une liste de résultats dans les deux semaines qui suivent. • Les résultats seront disponibles sur notre site internet, au plus tard un jour après la fin de la vente.

Vous voulez confier vos monnaies pour nos ventes aux enchères? Contactez nous si vous envisagez de vendre vos pièces. Notre compétence et fiabilité est prouvée depuis 1985 par actuellement 4 ventes aux enchères et environ 15 catalogues par an. Le plus important pour vous est que: • Vos pièces seront décrites par notre équipe d’experts selon les standards numismatiques les plus récents, et elles seront présentées dans des catalogues de haute qualité en couleurs. • Nous avons un des meilleurs fichiers-clientèle du monde avec plus de 10.000 clients. Nous vendons en moyenne plus de 95% de la vente aux enchères, et obtenons souvent des prix records. Les monnaies invendues n’encourent aucun frais. • Notre service clientèle est disponible pour vous conseiller pour l’envoi de vos pièces, et dès leur réception vos pièces seront assurées pour le double de la valeur d´estimation. • Vous recevrez une liste détaillée des pièces fournies au moment de la prise en charge puis, au plus tard cinq semaines avant la vente aux enchères, vous recevrez leur liste exacte avec les numéros de catalogue correspondants. • Immédiatement après la vente aux enchères, vous recevrez la liste des résultats et pourrez prendre connaissance des prix obtenus. Vous recevrez le produit de la vente dans les 45 jours après les enchères.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

I punti piú importanti per la Sua partecipazione per iscritto • La preghiamo di farci pervenire i Suoi ordini al piú presto possibile. Se i Suoi ordini ci arrivano poco prima dellínizio dellásta possono verificarsi errori. Il formulario allegato Le faciliterá línvio dei Suoi ordini per iscritto. Ci puó far pervenire i Suoi ordini per posta, per fax o per email. • Se non ha mai acquistato presso di noi, La preghiamo di volerci indicare a titolo di referenza il nome di uno o due commercianti numismatici presso i quali è giá cliente. • L’autenticità di tutti gli oggetti venduti viene garantita anche oltre i termini previsti dalla legge.

ITALIANO

Desidera partecipare telefonicamente alla nostra asta? La partecipazione telefonica è naturalmente da noi possibile. La chiameremo durante lásta e La assisteremo volentieri per ottenere lággiudicazione dei pezzi desiderati. Per motivi di organizzazione La preghiamo di voler tenere conto dei seguenti punti: • La partecipazione telefonica è possibile solo per lotti stimati con almeno 500,– € lúno. • La preghiamo di volerci comunicare almeno 48 ore prima dellínizio dellásta per quali pezzi desidera essere chiamato. • La preghiamo di aver cura di essere raggiungibile telefonicamente al momento in cui vengono messi allásta i pezzi che Le interessano. Lo schema orario in catalogo La aiuterá a stimare a che ora verranno messi allásta i pezzi che Le interessano. • Consigliamo di indicare sempre assieme alla richiesta di partecipazione telefonica anche un´ importo massimo, per permetterci di fare per Lei lófferta anche nel caso in cui la telefonata non fosse possibile. • La partecipazione telefonica è un modo incerto di partecipare alle aste. Non assumiamo nessuna responsabilità se per esempio la linea telefonica è occupata o interrotta o se Lei non sará raggiungibile per altri motivi.

Sonia Russo, M. A. Italiano, Deutsch, English, Español

Cosa succede dopo lásta? • La spedizione del materiale dásta comincia subito dopo la fine dellíntera asta e termina normalmente entro 8 giorni. • Tutti i clienti che hanno partecipato allásta ricevono entro 2 settimane dopo lásta la lista dei prezzi di realizzo. • I prezzi di realizzo sono visionabili sul nostro sito internet al piú tardi un giorno dopo la fine dellíntera asta.

Vuole consegnarci le Sue monete per una nostra asta? Ci contatti se ha deciso di vendere le Sue monete. Dal 1985 la nostra competenza ed affidabilità è dimostrata da attualmente 4 aste e circa 15 cataloghi all´anno. Quali sono i punti di maggior importanza per Lei:

Cristina Welzel Italiano, Deutsch, English, Français

Tel.: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Internet: www.kuenker.de Lunedì a giovedì dalle 8.30 alle 17.00 Venerdì dalle 8.00 alle 15.30

• Le Sue monete vengono valutate dal nostro staff di esperti secondo i piú attuali standard numismatici e vengono presentati in cataloghi di alto valore a colori. • Con piú di 10.000 clienti disponiamo di una delle migliori banca dati clienti del mondo. In media vendiamo oltre il 95% del materiale dásta realizzando spesso prezzi da record. Per i pezzi invenduti non ci sono nessune spese da pagare. • Dal momento della consegna le Sue monete sono assicurate per il doppio del valore di stima. Il nostro servizio clientela Le consiglierá volentieri come farci avere le Sue monete nel modo piú sicuro. • La Sua consegna Le verrá immediatamente quietanzata al momento della resa dei pezzi. Al piú tardi 5 settimane prima dellásta riceverá una lista dettagliata dei Suoi pezzi con i numeri di catalogo ed i prezzi di stima. • Subito dopo lásta riceverá la lista con i risultati dásta dalla quale potrá subito controllare i prezzi realizzati. Riceverá límporto di realizzo entro 45 giorni dopo la fine dellásta.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Что особенно важно при заочном участии на аукционе?

RUSSKIJ

• Тщательно изучите наш каталог и запишите те лоты, которые Вас заинтересовали. Заполните приложенный формуляр и отправьте нам его заранее по почте, факсу или электронной почте. Мы обращаем внимание на то, что если Ваши ставки придут перед самым началом аукциона либо во время аукциона, то существует вероятность допуска ошибки в процессе обработки заказа. • Если Вы впервые принимаете участие в нашем аукционе, то мы рекомендуем Вам указать Ваш референц – аукционные дома, с которыми Вы уже сотрудничали. Или свяжитесь с нами по телефону +49(0)541 9620268. • Подлинность купленных на нашем аукционе лотов гарантируется нами на протяжении неограниченного времени.

Вы хотели бы принять участие на аукционе по телефону? У нас, конечно, есть возможность организовать Ваше телефонное участие на торгах, но мы бы хотели обратить внимание на следующие пункты: Anastasija Koepsell Russkij, Deutsch

Dzmitry Nikulin Russkij, Deutsch, English

Телефон: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Факс: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de интернет: www.kuenker.de понедельник – четверг 8.30 – 17.00 пятница 8 – 15.30

• Участие в телефонных торгах возможно только для лотов со стартовой ценой свыше 500 евро. • Для участия в торгах по телефону просим Вас связаться с нами не позднее 48 часов до начала аукциона. • Мы хотим подчеркнуть, что телефонное участие на аукционе – не самый безопасный способ: в случае плохой связи, недоступности клиента во время торгов либо других технических проблем мы не несем ответственности. • Мы рекомендуем Вам при участии в торгах по телефону дополнительно сообщить нам о Вашем лимите на интересующие лоты в случае, если телефонная связь будет невозможна или по техническим причинам прервана.

Что происходит после окончания аукциона? • Результаты аукционов доступны на нашем сайте на следующий день после окончания торгов. • Вы можете лично забрать приобретенные лоты. По окончании торгов мы готовим все необходимые документы на вывоз из Евросоюза. • Почтовые отправки в Россию ( Беларусь, Украину ) осуществляются по предварительной договоренности. Для связи с нами звоните по телефону +49 (0)541 9620268.

Вы хотели бы выставить Ваши предметы на аукцион? Более 160-ти успешно проведенных аукционов, тысячи участников, 4 аукциона в год - эти и другие преимущества, которые говорят в пользу выставления Ваших коллекций на аукцион Кюнкер: • Ваши монеты будут оценены нашими экспертами по самым новым нумизматическим стандартам и представлены в высококачественном цветном каталоге. • Более 10000 клиентов со всего мира оказывают нам свое доверие. В среднем мы продаем более 95% всех выставляемых предметов, при этом зачастую достигая рекордных сумм. • Все Ваши предметы, после передачи их нам, хранятся у нас до начала аукциона застрахованными. Не позднее 5-ти недель до начала аукциона Вы получите по почте подробное описание Ваших лотов с указаннами номерами в каталоге, а также их оценочной стоимостью. • Результаты аукционов также будут высланы Вам по почте после окончания торгов. В течение 45 дней после аукциона Вам будет выплачено Ваше вознаграждение.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

什么是书面竞价要注意的？ • 请尽早将您的竞价单寄给我们。如果我们在拍卖前很短时间内才收到您的竞价单，可能会产生工作上的失误。后面附加的竞价表会辅助您完成您的书面竞价。我们很愿意通过邮件，传真及电子邮件的方式接受您的竞价。

CHINESE

• 如果您以前从未参与过我们的拍卖，请将一个与您有过生意往来的钱币公司作为介绍人告知我们。 • 我们承诺所有拍品为真品，即使过了法律追诉期。

您想通过电话竞拍吗？您当然也可以参加电话竞价。我们会在拍卖进行时致电给您，并协助您拍得拍品。我们请您注意以下几点： • 电话竞价只针对估价为500欧元以上的拍品。 • 请在至少拍卖48小时前告知我们您要电话竞价的拍品。 • 请您注意，在您的拍品进行竞拍时，我们能够与您联系上。拍卖目录中所附的时间表能帮助您推测您的拍品竞拍时间。 • 如果我们不能与您联系上，我们会以您的名义出价到您书面竞价的最高价，最低不低于我们的起拍价。

Michael Otto Deutsch, English

• L请您注意，电话竞价是一种不保险的参拍方式。我们并不能保证电话线路的畅通无阻。如果您想确保参拍，请亲临现场或书面竞价。

拍卖售后服务 • 在拍卖结束后我们将立即开始寄出拍品，通常需要8个工作日。 • 所有参加书面竞价的顾客，将在拍卖结束的2周内免费收到我们的拍品成交价目单。

Phone: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Website: www.kuenker.com Monday –Thursday 8.30 AM – 5 PM Friday 8 AM – 3.30 PM

• 所有拍品成交价目单最晚在拍卖结束一天后登载在我们的主页上。

您想送拍您所收藏的钱币到我们的拍卖会？如果您想出售您的钱币，请联系我们坤客拍卖公司。自1985年我们就通过一年四拍和大约每年15本拍卖目录来证明了我们的专业技能和可信度。请过目以下的重要信息： • 您的钱币将由我们的专家通过最新币识标准来鉴定并刊登到高品质的彩色目录上。 • 我们拥有全球超过10000个顾客，平均在每场拍卖会上有95%的拍品成交，并多次创造了新的成交记录。对于没有成交的拍品我们不收取任何费用。 • 从我们收到您的钱币开始，拍品会以双倍起拍价保险，我们的客户服务很愿意为您解说您的钱币如何能安全的递交于我们。 • 我们在收到您的钱币后会立即给您开具书面收据，最晚至拍卖开始前5星期您会收到所送拍品明细清单及其目录号和起拍价。 • 拍卖结束后您会收到成交价目录单并从中确认您的送交拍品成交价。45 天后您会收到您的拍品拍卖所得款项。

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

INHALT AUKTION 231 Nr.

Seite

THE SULTAN COLLECTION PART 3 MÜNZEN DES OTTOMANISCHEN REICHES, TEIL 3 Osmanisches Reich

9001 9001

9956 9956

23 23

168 168

Orhân ibn 'Utmân, 724-761 H./1324-1359 AD. Silbermünzen

9001 9001

9008 9008

23 24

25 25

Murâd ibn Orhân, 761-791 H./1359-1389 AD. Silbermünzen Kupfermünzen

9009 9009 9013

9015 9012 9015

26 26 26

Bâyazîd I. ibn Murâd (Yilderim Bayezîd), 791-804 H./1389-1402 AD. Silbermünzen Kupfermünzen

9016 9016 9018

9019 9017 9019

28 28 28

9024 9022 9024

28 28

29 29 29

Emir Sulaymân ibn Bâyazîd, 804-813 H./1402-1411 AD. Silbermünzen Kupfermünzen

9020 9020 9023

9025 9025

9028 9028

Mustafâ Ćelebî ibn Bâyazîd, 820-822 H./1418-1420 AD und 824-826 H./1421-1423 AD. Silbermünzen

9029 9029

9030 9030

Muhammad I. Ćelebi ibn Bâyazîd, Prägungen im alleinigen Namen Timurs, 804-806 H./1402-1404 AD. Silbermünzen

9031 9031

9036 9036

Muhammad I. Ćelebi ibn Bâyazîd, Prägungen als Vasall Timurs, 806-808 H./1404-1406 AD. Silbermünzen

9037 9037

9038 9038

Muhammad I. Ćelebi ibn Bâyazîd, Prägungen in seinem Namen allein, 808-824 H./1413-1421 AD. Silbermünzen Kupfermünzen

9039 9039 9044

9046 9043 9046

32 32

33 33 33

9047

9048

9056 9047 9056

34 33 34

9057

9058 9061 9071

36 37

Muhammad I. Ćelebi ibn Bâyazîd, nach Wiederherstellung des Gesamtreiches, 818-824 H./1413-1421 AD. Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I., 1. Regierungsperiode, 824-848 H./1421-1444 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen 12

Mûsâ Ćelebi ibn Bâyazîd, in Bursa 804-805 H./1403-1405 AD, auf dem Balkan 813-816 H./1409-1410 AD. Silbermünzen

9078 9057 9060 9070 9078

29 29

30 30

31 31

32 32

38 36 36 37 38

Nr. Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II., 1. Regierungsperiode, 848-849 H./1444-1445 AD. Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen

9079

9080 9084

Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I., 2. Regierungsperiode, 849-855 H./1445-1451 AD. Türkei, Kupfermünzen Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II., 2. Regierungsperiode, 855-886 H./ 1451-1481 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen

Seite

9085 9079 9083 9085

9086 9086

9087 9087 9091 9093 9097 9101 9122

9138 9090 9092 9096 9100 9121 9138

Bâyâzid II. ibn Muhammad II., 886-918 H./1481-1512 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Goldmünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Selîm I. ibn Bâyâzid II., 918-926 H./1512-1520 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Goldmünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silber- und Kupfermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Sulâyman I. ibn Selîm I., 926-974 H./1520-1566 AD. Serbien, Goldmünzen Serbien, Silbermünzen Bosnien, eine Goldmünze Bosnien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Goldmünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Rumänien, eine Silbermünze Griechenland, Goldmünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen

39 38 39 39

39 39

40 40

43 45

Sultan Jem ibn Muhammad II., 886 H./28. Mai-19. Juni 1481 AD. Türkei, Silbermünzen

46 41 41 41 42 45 46

9139 9139

9140 9140

9141

9142 9144

9148 9159

9162 9141 9143 9145 9146 9147 9158 9162

51 48 49 49 49 49 50 51

9163

9164 9166 9169 9179 9189 9195 9199 9202 9205

9206 9163 9165 9168 9178 9188 9194 9198 9201 9204 9206

52 53 54

57 52 52 53 54 55 55 56 57 57 57

9207 9207 9211

9218

9221 9262 9267

9485 9210 9214 9215 9216 9217 9219 9220 9261 9266 9340

47 47

98 59 60 60 60 60 61 61 66 67 78 13

Nr. Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Azerbayjan, Goldmünzen Azerbayjan, Silbermünzen Irak, Goldmünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Syrien, Kupfermünzen Yemen, Goldmünzen Yemen, Silbermünzen Yemen, Kupfermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Ägypten, Kupfermünzen Libyen, eine Goldmünze Algerien, Goldmünzen Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I., 974-982 H./1566-1574 AD. Serbien, eine Goldmünze Serbien, Silbermünzen Bosnien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, eine Goldmünze Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Goldmünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Yemen, Kupfermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, eine Kupfermünze Libyen, eine Goldmünze Tunesien, eine Goldmünze Algerien, Goldmünzen Murâd III. ibn Selîm I., 982-1003 H./1574-1595 AD. Serbien, eine Goldmünze Serbien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, eine Goldmünze Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Bulgarien, eine Silbermünze Griechenland, Goldmünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Azerbaidschan, Silbermünzen Iran, Silbermünzen Irak, Goldmünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Syrien, Kupfermünzen 14

9341 9365

9379 9381 9388 9400 9424 9428 9430 9432 9438 9440

9481

9486

9487

9491 9493

9500 9509

9515 9517 9527 9529 9533

9538

9546

9549

9552 9559 9561 9578

9596

9599 9601 9606 9623 9631

Seite 9364 9377 9378 9380 9387 9399 9423 9427 9429 9431 9437 9439 9477 9478 9479 9480 9485 9545 9486 9488 9489 9490 9492 9498 9499 9508 9513 9514 9516 9526 9528 9532 9534 9535 9536 9537 9545 9663 9546 9547 9548 9550 9551 9558 9560 9577 9594 9595 9597 9598 9600 9605 9622 9630 9632

78 80

83 84 86

102

104

105

107

108

109 111

115 117

80 82 82 82 84 86 89 90 90 90 91 91 97 97 97 97 98 106 99 99 99 99 100 100 100 101 102 102 102 104 104 104 105 105 105 105 106 123 107 107 108 108 108 109 109 111 113 113 113 113 114 114 117 118 118

Nr. Yemen, Kupfermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, eine Silbermünze Ägypten, Kupfermünzen Libyen, Goldmünzen Tunesien, Goldmünzen Algerien, Goldmünzen Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III., 1003-1112 H./1595-1603 A Serbien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Bulgarien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Goldprägungen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Zypern, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldprägungen Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, eine Kupfermünze Iran, eine Silbermünze Armenien, Goldprägungen Syrien, Goldprägungen Syrien, Silbermünzen Irak, eine Goldmünze Irak, eine Silbermünze Ägypten, Goldmünzen Tunesien, eine Goldmünze Algerien, Goldmünzen Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III., 1012-1026 H./1603-1617 AD. Serbien und Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Goldmünzen Griechenland und Zypern, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Azerbaijan, Silbermünzen Irak, eine Goldmünze Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Ägypten, Kupfermünzen Libyen , eine Gold- und eine Silbermünze Tunesien, Goldmünzen Algerien, Goldmünzen Algerien, eine Kupfemünze aus Mustafâ I. ibn Muhammad III., 1. Regierungsperiode, 1026-1027 H./1617-1618 AD. Türkei, eine Silbermünze Ägypten, Goldmünzen 'Uthmân II. ibn Ahmad I., 1027-1031 H./1618-1622 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Bulgarien und Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Gold- und Silbermünzen

9633 9636

9653

9656

9664 9664 9667 9669 9671 9673

9678 9692

9714 9723

9729

9737

9743

9744

9747 9764 9766

9769 9776 9779

9788 9790 9792

9796

9797

9799

9801

Seite 9635 9650 9651 9652 9654 9655 9663 9742 9666 9668 9670 9672 9676 9677 9691 9710 9711 9712 9713 9722 9726 9727 9728 9735 9736 9742 9795 9743 9745 9746 9763 9765 9767 9768 9775 9778 9785 9786 9787 9789 9791 9794 9795

119

122

124

125 127

129

131

133

134

135

139

9798 9796 9798 9815 9799 9800 9803

118 121 121 121 122 122 123 134 124 124 124 125 125 125 127 129 129 129 129 130 131 131 131 132 133 134 141 134 135 135 137 137 137 138 138 139 140 140 140 140 141 141 141

142 142 142 143

143

145 143 143 144 15

Nr. Türkei, Silbermünzen Syrien, eine Goldmünze Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Libyen, eine Kupfermünze Algerien,eine Goldmünze Mustafâ I ibn Muhammad III., 2. Regierungsperiode, 1031-1032 H./1622-1623 AD. Bulgarien, eine Silbermünze Griechenland, eine Silbermünze Türkei, Gold- und Silbermünzen Syrien, eine Gold- und eine Silbermünze Ägypten, Goldmünzen Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I., 1032-1049 H./1623-1640 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Bosnien, Silbermünzen Mazedonien, Silbermünzen Bulgarien, Silbermünzen Griechenland, Silbermünzen Zypern, eine Silbermünze Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Goldmünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Yemen, Silbermünzen Yemen, Kupfermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Tunesien, eine Kupfermünze Algerien, Goldmünzen Nordafrika, eine Goldmünze aus der unbestimmten Münzstätte SBY Ibrâhîm ibn Ahmad, 1049-1058 H./1640-1648 AD. Türkei, Silbermünzen Türkei, Kupfermünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Libyen, eine Goldmünze Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm, 1058-1099 H./1648-1687 AD. Serbien, Silbermünzen Türkei, Goldmünzen Türkei, Silbermünzen Irak, Silbermünzen Syrien, Silbermünzen Ägypten, Goldmünzen Ägypten, Silbermünzen Libyen, Goldmünzen Libyen, Silbermünzen Libyen, Kupfermünzen 16

Seite

9804 9808 9810

9807 9809 9812 9813 9814 9815

144 144 145 145 145 145

9816

146

9818 9824 9826

9827 9816 9817 9823 9825 9827

146

9828

148

9834

149

9850

9853

9856 9861

151

9864

9870 9828 9829 9830 9831 9832 9833 9847 9848 9849 9851 9852 9854 9855 9860 9862 9863 9869

152

9870 9871 9871

9879

9885

9886 9888 9892 9895 9900

9903 9905

147 146 146 147 147 147 154 148 148 149 149 149 149 150 150 150 151 151 151 151 152 152 152 153 154

9884 9877 9878 9880 9881 9882 9883 9884

154 155

156 156 156 156 156 156 156 156

9912 9885 9887 9891 9894 9899 9901 9902 9904 9906 9907

157

159

161 158 158 158 159 159 160 160 160 160 160

Nr. Tunesien, Goldmünzen Tunesien, Kupfermünzen Algerien, Goldmünzen Osmanische Kupfermünzen mit Münzstättenangaben, ohne Datierung und Herrscherangaben Türkei Saudi Arabien Ohne Herkunftsangabe Osmanische Gegenstempel auf fremden Münzen Osmanische Kippwaagen für die Passierfähigkeit von Goldmünze Frühe Kippwaagen Kippwaagen für Goldmünzen der Mecidiyemünzen, Sovereign und 20 Francs

Seite

9908

9909 9910 9912

9911

9913 9913 9919

9921 9918 9920 9921

9922

9925

9926 9926

9956 9929

164

168 164

9930

9956

164

168

Anhang Leitfaden zur erfolgreichen schriftlichen Auktionsteilnahme/ Важная информация об участии на аукционе Versteigerungsbedingungen/Terms and Conditions of Auction Numismatische Ausdrücke/Numismatic Terms Impressum/Bankverbindungen

161 161 161

161 161

162 162 162 162 163

172 176 178 180

Alle Münzen der Auktion 231 unterliegen der Vollbesteuerung (Regelbesteuerung).

HIGHLIGHTS Alle Abbildungen 2:1

9001

9006

9008

9009

9031

9118 9118

9099

9140

9097

9144

HIGHLIGHTS Alle Abbildungen 2:1

9169

9178

9174

9349 9207

9215

9207

9328

9340

HIGHLIGHTS Alle Abbildungen 2:1

9379

9384

9397

9529

9486

9596

9611

HIGHLIGHTS Alle Abbildungen 2:1

9791

9740

9808

9685

9649

9789

9922

VORWORT

Allgemeines Vorwort zur Sammlung Die hier zur Versteigerung kommende Sammlung osmanischer Münzen kann ohne Übertreibung als die umfassendste gegenwärtig existierende Sammlung ihrer Art bezeichnet werden. Sie ist das Ergebnis von über dreißig Jahren hingabevoller Sammeltätigkeit, tiefen Verständnisses der Materie, sowie eines Netzwerks von befreundeten Händlern und Sammlern, die mit Hinweisen, Diskussionen und guten Diensten den Aufbau dieser einzigartigen Sammlung beförderten. Allen voran ist hier der im Jahr 2004 verstorbene Nestor der osmanischen Numismatik, Kenneth MacKenzie, zu nennen. Dieser hat auch nicht wenige bedeutende und bis dahin unbekannte ältere Münzen der vorliegenden Sammlung in Aufsätzen in türkischen, amerikanischen und britischen Zeitschriften veröffentlicht. Die Anfänge der Sammlung lagen in einer Gruppe wenig attraktiver, doch stets in Ehren gehaltener osmanischer Münzen des 19. Jahrhunderts, welche sich in der Familie des Sammlers vererbt hatten. Als Ende der 1970er Jahre das Auktionshaus Sotheby's begann, regelmäßig Auktionen mit islamischen Münzen zu veranstalten, erwachte das persönliche Interesse des Sammlers und von nun an erwarb er durch die Firma Spinck's regelmäßig einige Goldstücke der Osmanen. Mächtigen Schub bekam das Interesse, als er zu Beginn des Jahres 1990 die Gelegenheit bekam und wahrnahm, Teile einer bedeutenden älteren Sammlung mit weitgehend vollständigen Jahrgangs- und Münzzeichenreihen von Kleinmünzen in überdurchschnittlichen Erhaltungen zu kaufen. Gegen Ende der 90er Jahre zählte der Bestand mit damals etwas über 3000 Stücken bereits zu den großen Sammlungen osmanischer Münzen. Doch das war nur der Ansporn durch das folgende Jahrzehnt, nochmals eine Verdoppelung der Zahl bei qualitativer Vervielfachung zu erreichen. An einem Punkt größter Vollständigkeit angelangt, an dem weitere Ergänzungen zu einem seltenen Ereignis werden, hat sich der Sammler entschlossen, diesen Schatz unter Dokumentation eines detaillierten Kataloges wieder anderen Sammlern zur Verfügung zu stellen. Er folgt damit vielen großen Sammler des 19. Jahrhunderts, die mehr als eine Sammlung aufbauten.

General Introduction to the Collection The collection of Ottoman coins coming here to be auctioned can, without exaggeration, be called the most comprehensive of its type currently in existence. It is the product of thirty years of devoted, discriminating collecting, a deep understanding of the subject matter, as well as a network of associated dealers and collectors who supported the building of this unique collection with advice, discussion and invaluable assistance. Especially noteworthy among them is the late “Nestor” of Ottoman numismatics, Kenneth MacKenzie, who died in 2004. Mr. MacKenzie published a number of articles on important, and previously unknown, older coins from the present collection in Turkish, American and British journals. The origin of the collection is to be found with a group of - if not particularly attractive - still treasured Ottoman coins of the 19th century, which had become heirlooms in the collector’s family. When the auction house Sotheby’s began in the late 1970s to hold regular auctions of Islamic coins, the collector’s interest was aroused, and from then on he began to acquire Ottoman gold pieces regularly through the firm Spinck’s. This growing interest received a powerful boost when, in early 1990, he saw and seized the opportunity to buy parts of an important older collection, with largely complete year- and mint mark series of small coins in unusually good states of preservation. By the late 1990s, with over 3000 pieces, the portfolio could be counted among the largest collections of Ottoman coins. But even that growth was just an incentive leading to a further doubling of the number, with an exponential increase in quality and value, over the next decade. Having reached a level of satisfying wholeness at which further additions become rarities, the collector has decided to make this treasure, documented in a detailed catalogue, available once again to other collectors. In doing so he follows the example of many great collectors of the 19th century who built more than a single collection.

Koleksiyon ile ilgili Önsöz Müzayedede yer alacak Osmanlı sikkeleri koleksiyonu türünün günümüzdeki en kapsamlı koleksiyonlarındandır. 30 yılı aşkın bir sürede büyük bir gayretle bir araya getirilen bu koleksiyon, gerçek bir uzmanlık çalışmasının ve samimi dostluk ilişkileri içinde bulunan tüccarların ve koleksiyonerlerin desteği, yorumları, öneri ve yardımları sonucunda tamamlanabilmiştir. Bu vesileyle de, özellikle Osmanlı Nümismatiğinin rahmetli duayeni Sayın Kenneth MacKenzie’yi anmak gerekir. MacKenzie bu koleksiyona ait ve camiada daha önce bilinmeyen parçalar ile ilgili Türk, Amerikan ve İngiliz dergilerinde çok sayıda makale yayınlamıştır. Koleksiyonerin ailesinden kalan ve nesilden nesile geçen, çok dikkat çekici olmasalar da her zaman büyük bir özenle saklanan 19. Yüzyıl Osmanlı sikkeleri bu nadide koleksiyonun ilk parçaları olmuştur. 70li yılların sonunda, Sotheby’s Müzayede Evi’nde İslam Dünyası Sikkeleri müzayedeleri yapılmaya başlamasından sonra koleksiyonerin de ilgisi bu konuya karşı artmıştır ve Spinck’s şirketi aracılığıyla Osmanlı dönemi altın paralar satın almaya başlamıştır. 1990 senesinin ilk aylarında çok daha eski ve neredeyse eksiksiz yıllık sikkeler ve sikke serilerini satınalma fırsatı bulduğunda ilgisi ve merakı daha da artmıştır. 90lı yılların sonunda ise koleksiyondaki parça sayısı 3000i aşmıştı ve artık camiadaki büyük Osmanlı Sikkeleri koleksiyonlarından sayılıyordu. Ancak, bu sadece bir başlangıçtı. Daha sonraki yıllar boyunca çok daha kıymetli parçaların da dahil edilmesiyle bu sayı ikiyi katlamıştır. Artık neredeyse eksiği kalmayan bu koleksiyona yeni parçalar katmak pek mümkün olmadığından, koleksiyoner bu hazineyi detaylı bir katalog ile belgeleyerek diğer koleksiyonlara dahil etmeye karar vermiştir. Bu kararıyla birden fazla koleksiyon oluşturan 19. Yüzyılın büyük koleksiyonerlerinin izinden gitmiştir. 22

Orhân ibn 'Uthmân

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/WT³F KDP 1TJ³P * #&

&GT \YGKVG 5QJP 1TJ³PU /WT³F KUV CNU ITQGT WPF ÒDGTCWU GTHQNITGKEJGT -TKGIUJGTT KP FKG )GUEJKEJVG GKPIGICPIGP )NGKEJ \W $GIKPP UGKPGT *GTTUEJCHV MQPPVG GT KP #PMCTC UGKPG 1DGTJQJGKV XGTVTCINKEJ FWTEJUGV\GP 9GKVGTG 'TQDGTWPIGP HQNIVGP CP FGT YGUVNKEJGP 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG CWU FGT *CPF XQP OKPFGUVGPU FTGK XGTUEJKGFGPGP 8QTDGUKV\GTP YCU \GKIV FCUU CWEJ -QCNKVKQPGP XQP 1UOCPGPIGIPGTP FGO PGW GPVUVGJGPFGP 4GKEJ OKNKV·TKUEJ PKEJV IGYCEJUGP YCTGP &CPCEJ \QI /WT³F \WTÒEM PCEJ 6JTCMKGP YQ XQP D[\CPVKPKUEJGT 5GKVG $GUKV\WPIGP 1TJ³PU GKPIG\QIGP YQTFGP YCTGP &GP 6ÒTMGP IGNCPI GU #FTKCPQRGN 'FKTPG FKG D[\CPVKPKUEJG <GPVTCNG HÒT FKG 8GTYCNVWPI FGU $CNMCPU WPF FCU HÒT FKG )GVTGKFGXGTUQTIWPI XQP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN YKEJVKIG (KNKDG 2NQXFKX GKP\WPGJOGP &CPCEJ YCT FCU 8GTJ·NV PKU \YKUEJGP 1UOCPGP WPVGT /WTCF WPF UGKPGO PCEJHQNIGPFGP 5QJP WPF FGO D[\CPVKPKUEJGP -CKUGT XQP IGIGPUGKVKIGT 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI IGRT·IV &CHÒT PWV\VG /WT³F LGFG UKEJ DKGVGPFG )GNGIGPJGKV FKG CPFGTGP EJTKUVNKEJGP *GTTUEJGT FGU $CNMCPU FKG -ÌPKITGKEJG 5GTDKGP 7PICTP WPF $WNICTKGP \W DGMTKGIGP WPF KJPGP .CPF CD\WTKPIGP 5GKV YCT FGT DWNICTKUEJG -ÌPKI GKP QUOCPKUEJGT 8CUCNN $WNICTKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG *KNHUVTWRRGP YWTFGP XQP /WT³F GKPIGUGV\V WO KP #PCVQNKGP IGIGP FKG -CTCOCPKFGP \W \KGJGP &KGU YCT PQVYGPFKI PCEJFGO FWTEJ #PMCWH WPF CNU *GKTCVUIWV \YGKGT CPCVQNKUEJGT (ÒTUVGPVÒOGT

)GTOK[CP WPF #UJTCH FKG FKTGMVG 0CEJDCTUEJCHV FGU ITÌVGP VWTMOGPKUEJGP (ÒTUVGPVWOU FGT -CTCOCPKFGP GTTGKEJV YQTFGP YCT +O 9GUVGP FGU -CTCOCPKFGPUVCCVGU JCVVGP FKG 1UOCPGP OKV FKGUGP 'TYGTDWPIGP GKPGP 4KGIGN \YKUEJGP -CTCOCPKFGP WPF FGP YGUVCPCVQNKUEJGP (ÒTUVGPVÒOGTP IGNGIV 'KP 5QJP /WT³FU 5CX¼i JCVVG WO IGIGP FGP 8CVGT TGDGNNKGTV WPF YCT OKV UGKPGP 6TWRRGP \W FGP QJPGJKP CNCTOKGTVGP -CTCOCPKFGP IGHNÒEJVGV FKG KJP WPVGTUVÒV\VGP /WTCF DNKGD UKGITGKEJ OKV )GYKPPGP KP <GPVTCNCPCVQNKGP OWUUVG CDGT INGKEJ YKGFGT CWH FGP $CNMCP &QTV JCVVG FGT -ÌPKI XQP 5GTDKGP .C\CT GKPG UVCTMG -QCNKVKQP XQP (ÒTUVGP 5GTDGP $QUPKGTP 9CNNCEJGP WPF #NDCPGTP FKG UKEJ FWTEJ FCU PGWG 1UOCPGPTGKEJ DGFTQJV UCJGP \WUCOOGP IGDTCEJV MCO GU \WO #WHOCTUEJ FGT 6TWRRGP CWH FGO #OUGNHGNF -QUQXQ WPF \W LGPGT 5EJNCEJV FKG FCU UGTDKUEJG 0CVKQPCNIGHÒJN DKU KP FKG )GIGPYCTV RT·IV ªDGT FGP 8GTNCWH IKDV GU WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG $GTKEJVG /WT³F XGTNQT \YCT FCU .GDGP CDGT FGPPQEJ IGYCPP FKG QUOCPKUEJG 5GKVG WPVGT UGKPGO 5QJP $³[C\ÄF Y·JTGPF FKG EJTKUVNKEJG -QCNKVKQP XGTPKEJVGPF IGUEJNCIGP YWTFG &CU -ÌPKITGKEJ 5GTDKGP YWTFG QUOCPKUEJGT 8CUCNN WPF FKG 6ÒTMGP FTCPIGP DKU KP FGP 0QTFGP 5GTDKGPU XQT 0WPOGJT YCT 7PICTP FCU GKP\KIG .CPF 5ÒFQUVGWTQRCU FCU PKEJV WPVGT VÒTMKUEJGT -QPVTQNNG UVCPF &KG ITQGP )GDKGVUIGYKPPG WPVGT /WT³F NCUUGP XQP GKPGO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ URTGEJGP YKG /WT³F XQP <GKVIGPQUUGP OKV FGO MCKUGTNKEJGP 6KVGN -JY³PFI³T CPIGTGFGV YWTFG &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI /WTCFU \GKIV GKPG DGOGTMGPUYGTV GKPJGKVNKEJG (QTO WPF FGT #MEG NKGH V[RGPINGKEJ KO ICP\GP 4GKEJ WO $GKO IGIGP Y·TVKIGP (QTUEJWPIUUVCPF DNGKDV WPMNCT QD PWT GKPG QFGT UEJQP OGJTGTG /ÒP\UV·VVGP CP FGT 2T·IWPI DGVGKNKIV YCTGP 'TUV WPVGT FGO 5QJP $³[C\ÄF YWTFGP ·JPNKEJ FGP KP FGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPI XGTYGPFGVGP ōRQKPVU UGETGVUŋ \WT &KHHGTGP\KGTWPI QHHGPUKEJVNKEJ DGFGWVWPIUVTCIGPFG 2WPMVG KP FCU /ÒP\DKNF IGUGV\V FGTGP $GFGWVWPI JGWVG WPDGMCPPV KUV

Murâd ibn Orhân 'KPG HÒT FKG 9GKVGTGPVYKEMNWPI YKEJVKIG 8GT·PFGTWPI FGT /ÒP\IGUVCNVWPI \W GKPGO DKUNCPI PKEJV DGUVKOOVGP <GKVRWPMV WPVGT /WT³F + DGUVCPF KP FGT 9GINCUUWPI FGT TGNKIKÌUGP KUNCOKUEJGP #WHUEJTKHVGP 5GNDUV KP FGP 5GIGPUHQTOGNP HÒT FGP 5WNVCP FKG CNU 9WPUEJ IÌVVNKEJGP 9KTMGPU IGFCEJV YCTGP YWTFG PWPOGJT FCU 9QTV CNN³J PKEJV OGJT XGTYGPFGV 9CU QDGTHN·EJNKEJ IGUGJGP YKG GKPG /CPCJOG FGT 5·MWNCTKUKGTWPI GTUEJGKPV YCT IGPCW IGPQOOGP GKPG ÒDGTCWU QTVJQFQZG KUNCOKUEJG 4GCMVKQP CWH FCU &KNGOOC OKV MWNVKUEJGT 4GKPJGKV FCU \YCPIUN·WHKI CWU FGO 7OICPI IGJGKNKIVGT 6GZVG KP FGP *·PFGP FGT PKEJVOWUNKOKUEJGP MWNVKUEJ WPTGKPGP $GXÌNMGTWPI GPVUVCPF 'KP 2TQDNGO FCU KP KUNCOKUEJGP /GJTJGKVUIGUGNNUEJCHVGP \WOGKUV KIPQTKGTV YWTFG CDGT QHHGPDCT KP +PFKGP KO ,CJTJWPFGTV FKUMWVKGTV YWTFG

1,5:1

9009

1,5:1

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG Q , WPF /\UV +P GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG GKPHCEJG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF /WT³F KDP 1TMJ³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW 4X 5JCJCFC KO (GNF FCTWO CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK ) D 44 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9010

#MEG Q , WPF /\UV +P GKPGO FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF /WT³F KDP 1TMJ³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF N³ KNCJC KNN³ NN³J OWJCOOCF TCUÑN CNN³J \YGK 8CTKCPVGP GKPOCN OKV TCUÑN CNN³J CNN³J KO 4GXGTU WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF8CT &COCNK ) C WPF D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9011

#MEG Q , WPF /\UV /WT³F KDP 1TMJ³P FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT LG GKP -PQVGP 4X FCU (GNF FWTEJ FTGK RCTCNNGNG .KPKGP KP FGT /KVVG IGVGKNV FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW CEJV 8CTKCPVGP OGKUV FWTEJ WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG 2WPMVKGTWPI WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK ) 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9012

#MEG Q , WPF /\UV /WT³F KDP 1TMJ³P FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT LG GKP -PQVGP 4X FCU (GNF FWTEJ FTGK RCTCNNGNG .KPKGP KP FGT /KVVG IGVGKNV FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW CEJV YGKVGTG 8CTKCPVGP W C OKV CWH FGO -QRH UVGJGPFGP OWNMCJW WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9014

ex 9013

ex 9015

-WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X 6KVGN WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV 0COG KP SWGT IGVGKNVGO 3WCFTCV 4GX YKG #XGTU 8CTKCPVGP KP WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP +OOQDKNKUKGTWPIUITCFGP I WPF GKPOCN WPIGYQIGP -CDCMNCTNK : 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT 4COCF³P * Q /\UV 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X &CVWO KO SWGT IGVGKNVGP (GNF WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : HH 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Bâyazîd I. ibn Murâd (Yilderim Bayezid)

$³[C\ÄF + KDP /WT³F ;KNFGTKO $C[G\KF * #&

$³[C\ÄF JCVVG FCU )NÒEM DGKO 6QF UGKPGU 8CVGTU DGKO *GGT \W UGKP WPF FCJGT INGKEJ \WO 0CEJHQNIGT RTQMNCOKGTV \W YGTFGP YQIGIGP UGKP ·NVGTGT $TWFGT ;C SÑD KP #PCVQNKGP GTUV FWTEJ FCU IGIGP KJP IGUEJKEMVG /QTFMQOOCPFQ XQO 6QF FGU 8CVGTU GTHWJT 0CEJ FGT TGNCVKX GKPHCEJGP ªDGTPCJOG FGT /CEJV UKEJGTVG $³[C\ÄF FKG 'TIGDPKUUG FGT 5EJNCEJV CWH FGO #OUGNHGNF KPFGO GT GKPG 6QEJVGT FGU UGTDKUEJGP <CTGP .C\CT /CTKC &GURKPC JGKTCVGVG 0CEJ $QUPKGP WPF KP FKG 9CNCEJGK UCPFVG GT #TOGGGKPJGKVGP WO FKG 7PVGTYGTHWPI \W ICTCPVKGTGP YWTFGP DGKFG \W 8CUCNNGPUVCCVGP &CPGDGP YWTFGP 6WTMOGPGP CWU #PCVQNKGP KP 5MQRNLG CPIGUKGFGNV 5GNDUV KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN MQPPVG $³[C\ÄF FGP -CKUGT OKV OKNKV·TKUEJGO &TWEM XGTRHNKEJVGP PGWGTTKEJVGVG $GHGUVKIWPIGP \W UEJNGKHGP WPF GKP KUNCOKUEJGU 8KGTVGN OKV GKIGPGT /QUEJGG WPF )GTKEJV WPVGTJCND FGU 5CTCKU GKP\WTKEJVGP $³[C\ÄF YCPFVG UKEJ PWP PCEJ #PCVQNKGP WO FKG PQEJ UGNDUVUV·PFKIGP FQTVKIGP $G[NKM *GTTUEJCHVGP FWTEJ (CVYCU CNU -TKGIUITWPF CDIGUKEJGTV UGKPGO 4GKEJ GKP\WXGTNGKDGP /KVJKNHG 5GTDKUEJGT WPF $[\CPVKPKUEJGT 8CUCNNGP HKGN GT KP FKG TGNCVKX MNGKPGP YGUVCPCVQNKUEJGP 'OKTCVG GKP FKG GT NGKEJV GKPPGJOGP MQPPVG &GT ITÌGTG -CTCOCPKFGPUVCCV FGT UKEJ CNU 0CEJHQNIGUVCCV FGT 4WO 5GNFUEJWMGP XGTUVCPF WPF UKEJ FCJGT FGP 1UOCPGP PKEJV WPVGTQTFPGP MQPPVG XGTDÒPFGVG UKEJ FCTCWH OKV 3³FÄ $WT³P CF FÄP XQP 5ÄY³U FGT FGO NGV\VGP OQPIQNKUEJGP 0CEJHQNIGUVCCV #PCVQNKGPU XQTUVCPF &GPPQEJ IGNCPI GU FGP QUOCPKUEJGP 6TWRRGP YGUVNKEJG 5V·FVG FGT -CTCOCPKFGP \W DGUGV\GP FKG FCTCWHJKP GKPGP (TKGFGPUUEJNWUU OKV $³[C\ÄF GTJCPFGNVGP WPF FKG QUOCPKUEJGP 'TQDGTWPIGP YGKVIGJGPF DGUV·VKIVG &CTCWH HQNIVG GKP <WI IGIGP FKG +UHGPFK[CTKFGP YGNEJG FGP OKVVNGTGP #DUEJPKVV FGT CPCVQNKUEJGP 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG JKGNVGP &KGUG OWUUVGP PCEJ FGT 'TQDGTWPI KJTGT *CWRVUV·FVG KJTGP 8CUCNNGPUVCVWU FGP 1UOCPGP IGIGPÒDGT CPGTMGPPGP +P FGT <YKUEJGP\GKV JCVVG FKG ITKGEJKUEJG VGKNU \WO +UNCO MQPXGTVKGTVG 8CUCNNGPHCOKNKG 'XTGPQU YGKVGTG 6GKNG 0QTFITKGEJGPNCPFU GKPIGPQOOGP WPF FKG NCVGKPKUEJGP 5VCCVGP #VJGP #EJCKC WPF 5CNQPC KP $GFT·PIPKU IGDTCEJV 'KP #DHCNN FGU DWNICTKUEJGP 8CUCNNGPUVCCVGU FGT UKEJ OKV 7PICTP XGTDÒPFGV JCVVG \YCPI $³[C\ÄF CWU #PCVQNKGP \WTÒEM\WMQOOGP 'T YCT GTPGWV UKGITGKEJ WPF VÌVGVG FGP NGV\VGP DWNICTKUEJGP <CTGP FGUUGP .CPF DCNF FCTCWH FKTGMV KP FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ KPMQTRQTKGTV YWTFG &CPP JCVVG GT KP #PCVQNKGP YKGFGTWO IGIGP 3³FÄ $WTJ³P CF FÄP \W (GNFG \W \KGJGP WPF 5ÄY³U \W DGNCIGTP DKU \YGK ITÌGTG (GKPFG CNU FKG $G[NKMU CWHVTCVGP 6KOWT FGT FCU CNVG /QPIQNGPTGKEJ YKGFGTJGT\WUVGNNGP VTCEJVGVG MCO XQP 1UVGP PCEJ 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP YCU GKPG #NNKCP\ \YKUEJGP 3³FÄ $WTJ³P CF FÄP WPF $³[C\KF GTHQTFGTVG &QEJ VTQV\ FGT 'KPNCFWPI FWTEJ FKG GPVOCEJVGVGP $G[NKMU JCVVG 6KOWT \WP·EJUV CPFGTG 2N·PG &CIGIGP JCVVGP FKG GWTQR·KUEJGP (ÒTUVGP FKG XQP FGT VÒTMKUEJGP 'ZRCPUKQP CWH FGO $CNMCP WPF KP )TKGEJGPNCPF CWUIGJGPFG )GHCJT GTMCPPV 'KPGTUGKVU ÒDGTPCJO 8GPGFKI 2QUKVKQPGP CWU DQUPKUEJGT WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJGT *CPF FKG HÒT FKGUG WPJCNVDCT IGYQTFGP YCTGP #PFGTGTUGKVU HÒJTVG FGT FGWVUEJG -CKUGT 5KIKUOWPF GKP ITQGU 4KVVGTJGGT JCWRVU·EJNKEJ XQP .QVJTKPIGTP WPF $C[GTP CDGT CWEJ XQP $TKVGP 2QNGP WPF XKGNGP CPFGTGP CNU -TGW\\WI PCEJ $WNICTKGP KP FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ $³[C\ÄF GTTGKEJVG UKG DGK FGT $GNCIGTWPI XQP 0KMQRQNKU WPF MQPPVG UKG GPVUEJGKFGPF UEJNCIGP &KGUG WPF PCEJHQNIGPFG 'TGKIPKUUG UKPF KP FGO #WIGP\GWIGPDGTKEJV FGU ,QJCPPGU 5EJKNVRGTIGT OKV GKPFTWEMUXQNNGP &GVCKNU FGT VCMVKUEJ MNWIGP YKG ITCWUCOGP QUOCPKUEJGP -TKGIHÒJTWPI DGUEJTKGDGP 5EJKNVRGTIGT YWTFG CNU LWPIGT -PCRRG IGHCPIGP IGPQOOGP WPF KP FKG HÒPHL·JTKIG ,CPKVUEJCTGPCWUDKNFWPI ÒDGTPQOOGP $GK UGKPGO GTUVGP OKNKV·TKUEJGP 'KPUCV\ MQPPVG GT FCU 'PFG FGU GTUVGP 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU OKVGTNGDGP &QEJ YCT FKG <YKUEJGP\GKV OKV QUOCPKUEJGT -QPUQNKFKGTWPI KP $WNICTKGP WPF GKPGO GVYCU WPGPV UEJNQUUGPGP 8GTUWEJ \WT 'KPPCJOG -QPUVCPVKPQRGNU CWUIGHÒNNV &CPP UGV\VG FGT 1UOCPGPUWNVCP FGP -TKGI IGIGP FKG -CTCOCPKFGP HQTV WPF MQPPVG FGTGP *GTTUEJCHV XQTN·WHKI DGGPFGP HKPFGV OCP $³[C\ÄF GTPGWV KP 'WTQRC DGK FGT 'TTKEJVWPI FGU VÒTMKUEJGP 8KGTVGNU KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN /QPCVG UR·VGT CDGT YKGFGT KO 1UVGP #PCVQNKGPU WO FKG VWTMOGPKUEJG *GTTUEJCHV FGT &JW N SCFT CO 1DGTNCWH FGU 'WRJTCV FGTGP OCONWMKUEJGT 5EJWV\JGTT IGTCFG KP -CKTQ XGTUVQTDGP YCT UGKPGO 4GKEJ GKP\WXGTNGKDGP 0WP MCO 6KOWT CWU FGO 1UVGP \WTÒEM WPF \QI OKV UGKPGT /CPP UVCTMGP #TOGG PCEJ 5KXCU FCPP YGKVGT IGIGP FCU /CONWMGPUWNVCPCV KP FGO GT #NGRRQ *COCJ WPF &COUMWU GKPPCJO WPF WPVGT ITQGP 8GTJGGTWPIGP CWURNÒPFGTVG 'TUV FCPP IKPI GU \WTÒEM PCEJ <GPVTCNCPCVQNKGP $GK #PMCTC VTCHGP UKEJ FKG DGKFGP *GGTG CO ,WNK 6KOWT FGT ITQGP VWTMOGPKUEJGP <WNCWH JCVVG UKGIVG WPF $³[C\ÄF YWTFG IGHCPIGP IGPQOOGP 7PVGT VKOWTKFKUEJGT *QJGKV MQPPVGP UKEJ FKG CPCVQNKUEJGP $G[NKMUVCCVGP TGMQPUVKVWKGTGP +P FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI UGV\VG $³[C\ÄF FKG U·MWNCTG 2TCZKU FKG FGT 8CVGT GKPIGHÒJTV JCVVG HQTV

Emir Sulaymân ibn Bâyazîd

ex 9016

ex 9017

9018

5KNDGTOÒP\GP #MEG * Q /\UV +P GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF $³[C\ÄF KDP /WT³F FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT LG GKP -PQVGP 4X FCU (GNF FWTEJ FTGK RCTCNNGNG .KPKGP KP FGT /KVVG IGVGKNV FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP VGKNU FWTEJ WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG 2WPMVKGTWPI CWH FGT /KVVGNNKPKG WPVGTUEJKGFGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * Q /\UV +P GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF $³[C\ÄF KDP /WT³F FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT LG GKP -PQVGP 4X FCU (GNF FWTEJ FTGK RCTCNNGNG .KPKGP KP FGT /KVVG IGVGKNV FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP VGKNU FWTEJ 2WPMVG WPF 2WPM\ITWRRGP KO 4GXGTU WPVGTUEJKGFGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

-WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV &TGK .KPKGP FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT $³[C\ÄF KDP /WT³F 4X FTGK .KPKGP FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT 2GPVCITCOO WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV 9KG XQTJGT OGKUV UVKNKUVKUEJ FGIGPGTKGTV WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

'OKT 5WNC[O³P KDP $³[C\ÄF * #& &KG XQP 6KOWT Y·JTGPF UGKPGU CEJVOQPCVKIGP #WHGPVJCNVGU KP #PCVQNKGP XQTIGUGJGPG 0GWQTFPWPI FGU 1UOCPGPUVCCVGU KP FGP )TGP\GP XQP XGTVGKNVG FGP GWTQR·KUEJGP WPF CUKCVKUEJGP 6GKN CNU FTGK VKOWTKFKUEJG .GJGP CP FKG 5ÌJPG $C[C\ÄFU &GT ·NVGUVG 5QJP 5WNC[O³P GTJ·NV FGP ITQGP GWTQR·KUEJGP 6GKN +U³ $WTUC WPF $CNKMGUKT WPF /WJCOOCF #OCU[C KP #PCVQNKGP $³[C\ÄF UGNDGT YWTFG CNU )GHCPIGPGT OKV FGP <ÒIGP 6KOWTU CPIGDNKEJ KP GKPGO GKUGTPGP -·HKI DKU \W UGKPGO 6QF CEJV /QPCVG PCEJ FGT )GHCPIGPPCJOG OKVIGHÒJTV 'KP YGKVGTGT 5QJP /ÑU³ DNKGD \WP·EJUV KP FGT 0·JG FGU 8CVGTU KO .CIGT 6KOWTU 5WNC[O³P UVÒV\VG UGKPG *GTTUEJCHV CWH FGO $CNMCP XQP 'FKTPG CWU CWH FGP UEJQP NCPIG \WXQT UVCCVU VTCIGPFGP VWTMOGPKUEJGP %NCP FGT CCPFCTNi WPF FCPGDGP PQEJ UV·TMGT CWH UGKPG EJTKUVNKEJG 8GTYCNVWPI YKG CWH FGP CNVGKPIGUGUUGPGP (GWFCNCFGN UGKPGU *GTTUEJCHVUDGTGKEJU &C GT CWEJ D[\CPVKPKUEJG 7PVGT UVÒV\WPI DTCWEJVG ICD GT GKPKIG $GUKV\WPIGP YKG 5CNQPKMK WPF )GIGPFGP KO UÒFNKEJGP /C\GFQPKGP #WH XGTINGKEJDCTG 9GKUG GTMCWHVG GT UGTDKUEJG 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI WPF FGP KVCNKGPKUEJGP *CPFGNUUV·FVGP GTVGKNVG GT -QP\GUUKQPGP +O 7PVGTUEJKGF \W UGKPGP $TÒFGTP GTMCPPVG 5WNC[OCP CWH UGKPGP /ÒP\GP PKEJV FKG 1DGTJQJGKV 6KOWTU CP YGNEJGT QJPGJKP \YGK ,CJTG UR·VGT XGTUVCTD 7POKVVGNDCT PCEJ FGUUGP 6QF XGTUWEJVG 5WNC[O³P FKG CPCVQNKUEJGP $GUKV\WPIGP HÒT UKEJ \W IGYKPPGP /KV FGT 'KPPCJOG XQP #PMCTC IGNCPI GU KJO /WJCOOCF XQP UGKPGP UÒFNKEJGP $GUKV\WPIGP CD\WUEJPGKFGP &KGUGT WPVGTUVÒV\VG FCTCWHJKP FGP $TWFGT /ÑU³ FGT XQP FGT 9CNCEJGK CWU 5WNC[O³P CPITKHH /ÑU³ IGYCPP FWTEJ GKPG *GKTCV OKV FGT 6QEJVGT FGU YCNCEJKUEJGP (ÒTUVGP YGKVGTG 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI FWTEJ QTVJQFQZG (ÒTUVGP OKV FGT GT IGIGP 'FKTPG \QI &KGUGU \YCPI 5WNC[O³P CWH FKG GWTQR·KUEJG 5GKVG \WTÒEM\WMGJTGP 'U GTYKGU UKEJ CNU HCVCN HÒT KJP FCUU UGKPG CO )JC\KVWO KPVGTGUUKGTVGP VWTMOGPKUEJGP 6TWRRGP DGK FGT 9CJN \YKUEJGP 5WNC[O³P WPF /ÑU³ DGUUGTG #WUUKEJVGP HÒT UKEJ WPVGT /ÑU³ UCJGP WPF FKG 5GKVGP YGEJUGNVGP 5Q YWTFG 5WNC[O³P IGUEJNCIGP WPF IGVÌVGV

ex 9020

ex 9021

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * Q /\UV 6WIJTC 4X KP IGVGKNVGO 3WCFTCV OKV IGTCFGP 5GKVGP QDGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP 2WPMVXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T 8CT 8CT &COCNK # ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * Q /\UV 6WIJTC 4X KP IGVGKNVGO 3WCFTCV OKV IGUEJYGKHVGP 5GKVGP QDGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP XKGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK # ) H WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

´ Mûsâ Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

9022

9023

9024

#MEG * 'FKTPG &CU (GNF KP \YGK DQIKIG #DUEJPKVVG IGVGKNV \W FGTGP 5GKVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN QDGP KO $QIGP 6WIJTC WPVGP FGT 8CVGTUPCOG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X KP GKPGT N·PIUIGVGKNVGP -CTVWUEJG FCU )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG I *' * 2GTG #TVWM

* 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK # '& ) 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

-WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * QJPG /ÒP\UV·VVG 6WIJTC 4X 8KGTGEM OKV PCEJ KPPGP IGDQIGPGP 5GKVGP FCTKP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO 0COGP FGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP KP FGP ·WGTGP #DUEJPKVVGP I -CDCMNCTNK # : 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT QJPG ,CJT QJPG /ÒP\UV·VVG $GKFGTUGKVU 6WIJTC QHHGPDCT J[DTKFGT )GDTCWEJ XQP #MEGUVGORGNP I -CDCMNCTNK 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

/ÑU³ IGNGDÄ KDP $³[C\ÄF KP $WTUC * #& CWH FGO $CNMCP * #& /ÑU³ FGT \WP·EJUV OKV UGKPGO 8CVGT KP FGT )GHCPIGPUEJCHV 6KOWTU YCT WPF FGUUGP 8GTVTCWGP IGYQPPGP JCVVG YWTFG XQP 6KOWT OKV FGP PQTFYGUVCPCVQNKUEJGP 5VCOON·PFGTP WO $WTUC DGNGJPV Y·JTGPF U³ OKV -CTCUi DGNGJPV YCT &QEJ UEJQP IGTKGVGP FKGUG DGKFGP OKVGKPCPFGT KP 5VTGKV WPF /ÑU³ OWUUVG DGKO (ÒTUVGP XQP )GTOK[³P 5EJWV\ UWEJGP &GT OKNKV·TKUEJ UV·TMGTG $TWFGT /WJCOOCF XGTUWEJVG PWP $WTUC FGO U³ CD\WPGJOGP #NU FCU PQEJ \W .GD\GKVGP 6KOWTU IGNCPI GTICD UKEJ GKPG -QCNKVKQP \YKUEJGP 5WNC[O³P WPF FGO \W KJO IGHNÒEJVGVGP U³ /ÑU³ FCIGIGP YWTFG XQP /WJCOOCF WPVGTUVÒV\V FCOKV GT KP 'WTQRC -TKGI IGIGP 5WNC[O³P HÒJTGP MQPPVG 9KG UEJQP WPVGT FGO 'OKTCV 5WNC[O³PU DGUEJTKGDGP DCWVG /ÑU³ \WP·EJUV 6TWRRGP CWU FGP EJTKUVNKEJGP (GWFCNCTOGGP CWH MQPPVG FCOKV CDGT 'FKTPG PKEJV FKTGMV GKPPGJOGP 'TUV PCEJ FGO 9GEJUGN XQP 6TWRRGP FGU 5WNC[O³PU MQPPVG GT UKEJ FWTEJUGV\GP &GP 5KGI PWV\VG GT WO UKEJ UGNDGT PWPOGJT CNU 5WNVCP \W DG\GKEJPGP WPF FCOKV CWEJ FKG 1DGTJQJGKV ÒDGT FKG CPCVQNKUEJGP )GDKGVG \W XGTNCPIGP (QNINKEJ IGTKGV GT KP )GIGPUCV\ \W /WJCOOCF 8GTUEJ·THV YWTFGP FKG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP FWTEJ FKG 4GNKIKQPURQNKVKM FKG FGP /[UVKMGT $CFT CF FÄP 5ÄO³YÄ FKG 5VGNNWPI GKPGU *GGTGUMCFKU GTJKGNV &KGU YCT \YCT KO 5KPPG GKPGT KUNCOKUEJ EJTKUVNKEJGP #WUUÌJPWPI GTTGIVG CDGT CNU -GV\GTVWO FGP TIGT FGT QTVJQFQZGP 9ÒTFGPVT·IGT WPVGT CPFGTGO FGT CCPFCTNi (COKNKG FKG FGP 9GUKTCV KPPGJCVVG 'U MCO \W GKPGT 8GTUEJYÌTWPI \YKUEJGP FGT QTVJQFQZGP KUNCOKUEJGP 'NKVG $[\CP\ WPF /WJCOOCF YGNEJG KP GKPGT +PXCUKQP /WJCOOCFU OKV UGKPGP 6TWRRGP IKRHGNVG /ÑU³ JCVVG CDGT IGPÒIGPF 4ÒEMJCNV WO FGP $TWFGT OKNKV·TKUEJ UEJNCIGP \W MÌPPGP /WJCOOCF MQPPVG MPCRR GPV MQOOGP ICD CDGT UGKPG 2N·PG PKEJV CWH WPF NCPFGVG DCNF GTPGWV KP 4WOGNKGP FKGUGU /CN CP FGT 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG $GK GKPGT GTPGWVGP 5EJNCEJV YGEJUGNVGP FKG 6TWRRGP WPVGT CCPFCTNiHÒJTWPI CWH FKG 5GKVG /WJCOOCFU /ÑU³ OWUUVG HNKGJGP YWTFG IGUVGNNV CNU UGKP 2HGTF KP GKPG UWORHKIG 5VGNNG IGTKGV WPF IGVÌVGV

ex 9025

ex 9026

ex 9027

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P GKPGO (ÒPHRCUU KP FGT /KVVG GKPG XKGTDN·VVTKIG $ÒVG FCTWO /ÑU³ KDP $³[C\ÄF 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ IGURKV\VGP N·PIUIGVGKNVGP -CTVWUEJG QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW ÒDGT FGT -CTVWUEJG FCTD FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK % '& ) C 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P GKPGO 5GEJURCUU KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP FCTWO /ÑU³ KDP $³[C\ÄF 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ OKV -PQVGP XGTUGJGPGP N·PIUIGVGKNVGP -CTVWUEJG QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW ÒDGT FGT -CTVWUEJG FCTD FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK % '& ) D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P GKPGO 5GEJURCUU KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP FCTWO /ÑU³ KDP $³[C\ÄF 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ OKV -PQVGP XGTUGJGPGP N·PIUIGVGKNVGP -CTVWUEJG QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW ÒDGT FGT -CTVWUEJG FCTD FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN UGEJU YGKVGTG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK % '& ) D 4 5VÒEM &CU NGV\VG 5VÒEM CWH *CNDIGYKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

´ Mustafâ Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

ex 9028

1,5:1

#MEG * QJPG /ÒP\UV·VVGCPCPICDG +P GKPGO 5GEJURCUU KP FGT /KVVG GKP -PQVGP CWU \YGK UKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP 1XCNGP FCTWO /ÑU³ KDP $³[C\ÄF 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ OKV -PQVGP XGTUGJGPGP N·PIUIGVGKNVGP -CTVWUEJG QDGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT WPF WPVGT FGT -CTVWUEJG 2WPMVG XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK % ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

/WUVCH³ IGNGDÄ KDP $³[C\ÄF * #& WPF * #& $³[C\ÄF + 5QJP /WUVCH³ UQNN CWH FGO 5EJNCEJVHGNF XQP #PMCTC XGTNQTGP IGICPIGP UGKP 'TUV KO ,CJTG VCWEJV GKP /CPP CWH FGT XQP UKEJ DGJCWRVGVG 2TKP\ /WUVCH³ \W UGKP FGT OKV UGKPGO 8CVGT IGOGKPUCO KP FKG )GHCPIGPUEJCHV 6KOWTU IGTCVGP UGK 'T HCPF KP 0QTFITKGEJGPNCPF GKPG ITQG #PJ·PIGTUEJCHV OKV FGT GU KJO IGNCPI 'FKTPG GKP\WPGJOGP WPF FCPP FGP GWTQR·KUEJGP 6GKN FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 5VCCVGU GTPGWV CNU GWTQR·KUEJGU 5QPFGTTGKEJ GKP\WTKEJVGP /WJCOOCF + GTMN·TVG FKG *GTMWPHV /WUVCH³U HÒT GTNQIGP UQ FCUU FKGUGT CNU &Ò\OG /WUVCH³ FGT HCNUEJG /WUVCH³ KP FKG )GUEJKEJVG GKPIKPI #PHCPIU YCT /WJCOOCF OKV FGT 0KGFGTUEJNCIWPI FGT 2CTVGKI·PIGT FGU /ÑU³ WPF XQP #PJ·PIGTP $CFT CF FÄP KP #PCVQNKGP DGUEJ·HVKIV UQ FCUU GT GTUV UR·V FC\W MCO /WUVCH³ \W DGMTKGIGP #NU /WJCOOCF CDGT UGKPG )GIPGT KP #PCVQNKGP DGUKGIV JCVVG YCT GU KJO NGKEJV CWEJ /WUVCH³ OKNKV·TKUEJ \W DGUKGIGP &KGUGT HNÒEJVGVG OKV UGKPGO #NNKKGTVGP $G[NKM ,WPC[F XQP #[FiP PCEJ -QPUVCPVKPQRGN YQ UKG XQO -CKUGT CWHIGPQOOGP WPF KP .GOPQU KPVGTPKGTV YWTFGP 0CEJ FGO DCNFKIGP 6QF /WJCOOCFU GPVNKG KJP FGT -CKUGT PCEJ 6JGUUCNKGP OKV FGO 8GTURTGEJGP JKGT FKG D[\CPVKPKUEJG *GTTUEJCHV YKGFGTJGT\WUVGNNGP &CU IGNCPI WPF GT MQPPVG FCTCWH GTPGWV 'FKTPG CNU <GPVTWO GKPGU GWTQR·KUEJGP 6GKNTGKEJU IGYKPPGP &CPP ITKHH GT LGFQEJ UGKPGP 4KXCNGP /WT³F FGP 5QJP /WJCOOCF + KP #PCVQNKGP CP YWTFG OKV .KUV XQP UGKPGO 8GTDÒPFGVGP ,WPC[F XQP #[FiP IGVTGPPV WPF UQ IGUEJNCIGP #WH FGT YGKVGTGP (NWEJV XQP 'FKTPG KP 4KEJVWPI FGT 9CNCEJGK PCJOGP KJP GKIGPG .GWVGP IGHCPIGP YQTCWH GT KP 'FKTPG CO $WTIVWTO IGJGPMV YWTFG

ex 9029

1,5:1

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * ,CJT * 'FKTPG /WUVCH³ KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW WPVGP FCTD 'FKTPG UCPC FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 5 WPVGP 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK & '& ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9030

1,5:1

#MEG * ,CJT * 'FKTPG /WUVCH³ KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW WPVGP FCTD 'FKTPG UCPC FTGK YGKVGTG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 5 WPVGP 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK & '& ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

´ Muhammad I. Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

/WJCOOCF + IGNGDÄ KDP $³[C\ÄF * #& &GT KPUIGUCOV GTHQNITGKEJUVG 5QJP FGU $³[C\ÄF GTJKGNV DGK FGT 4GKEJUVGKNWPI FWTEJ 6KOWT #OCU[C <WFGO MQPPVG GT UKEJ UÒFNKEJ CPITGP\GPFG )GDKGVG CWU WTURTÒPINKEJ GTGVPKFKUEJGO .CPF KP <GPVTCNCPCVQNKGP CPGKIPGP 5GKPG NGV\VNKEJ GTHQNITGKEJGP 8GTUWEJG UKEJ $WTUC CP\WGKIPGP WO UEJNKGNKEJ GKPGP DTGKVGP 5VTGKHGP KO 0QTFGP #PCVQNKGPU XQO /KVVGNOGGT DKU \WO 5EJYCT\GP /GGT \W DGJGTTUEJGP UKPF DGTGKVU KO <WUCOOGPJCPI UGKPGT LGYGKNU DGVTQHHGPGP $TÒFGT FCTIGUVGNNV YQTFGP +O GTUVGP ,CJT\GJPV UGKPGT *GTTUEJCHV PCEJ FGO 6QF 6KOWTU UVCPF WPVGT FGO <GKEJGP \WOKPFGUV FKG 1DGTJQJGKV ÒDGT FKG XQP UGKPGO 8CVGT GPVGKIPGVGP (ÒTUVGP #PCVQNKGPU \W IGYKPPGP YCU OKV YGEJUGNPFGO 'THQNI IGNCPI 'T DNKGD FWTEJYGI KP IWVGO 'KPXGTPGJOGP OKV FGO D[\CPVKPKUEJGP *QH FGT UVCTMGO IGPWGUKUEJGP 'KPHNWUU WPVGTNCI FC GT CNU )CTCPV IGPWGUKUEJGT +PVGTGUUGP FGU <WICPIU \WO 5EJYCT\GP /GGT FKGPGP MQPPVG /KV 8GPGFKI NCI GT FCIGIGP KO -TKGI FGP GT PCEJ GKPGT 0KGFGTNCIG \WT 5GG FWTEJ GKPGP HÒT DGKFG 5GKVGP PÒV\NKEJGP 8GTVTCI DGGPFGVG /GJTGTG -TKGIU\ÒIG IGIGP EJTKUVNKEJG (ÒTUVGP CWH FGO $CNMCP HÒJTVGP \W GKPGT VGKNYGKUGP 9KGFGTJGTUVGNNWPI FGT QUOCPKUEJGP 2QUKVKQP \WT <GKV UGKPGU 8CVGTU $³[C\ÄF 5Q YWTFG FKG #DJ·PIKIMGKV #NDCPKGPU $QUPKGPU WPF FGT 9CNCEJGK YKGFGTJGTIGUVGNNV CWEJ YGPP FKG #WHUV·PFG FGU /WUVCH³ FGT CWH IWVGU 'KPXGTPGJOGP OKV FGP EJTKUVNKEJGP 0CEJDCTP KO 0QTFGP WPF 9GUVGP UGV\VG OKV FKGUGO XGTDÒPFGVGP ,WPC[F XQP #[FKP FKG #DJ·PIKIMGKVGP YKGFGT KPHTCIG UVGNNVGP 9·JTGPF FGT NGV\VGP ,CJTG JCVVG /WJCOOCF XQT CNNGO KPVGTPG 2TQDNGOG KP #PCVQNKGP YQ FKG UV·FVKUEJGP 7PVGTUEJKEJVGP YKG CWEJ 6WTMOGPGP FKG .GJTGP FGU $CFT CF FÄP 5KO³YPÄ CPPCJOGP FGP GT PCEJ FGO 5VWT\ UGKPGU $TWFGTU PCEJ +\PKM KPU 'ZKN IGUEJKEMV JCVVG $CFT CF FÄP YCT LGFQEJ XQP +\PKM \W FGP +UHGPFK[CTKFGP IGHNÒEJVGV WPF JCVVG KP FGT 9CNCEJGK 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI IGHWPFGP &CU +UHGPFK[CTKFGPUVCCV CP FGT 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG JCVVG UKEJ \YCT /WJCOOCF WPVGTYQTHGP FQEJ YCT FKGU GDGPUQ YGPKI XQP &CWGT YKG FKG YGUVCPCVQNKUEJGP 'TYGTDWPIGP 7PVGT UQNEJ MGKPGUYGIU IGHGUVKIVGP $GFKPIWPIGP UVCTD /WJCOOCF RNÌV\NKEJ KPHQNIG GKPGU 5EJNCICPHCNNU KO /CK &CU GZCMVG 6QFGUFCVWO KUV MCWO OGJT \W GTOKVVGNP FC FGT 6QF GKPG <GKVNCPI XGTJGKONKEJV YWTFG WO FGO 5QJP /WT³F )GNGIGPJGKV \W IGDGP KP 5KEJGTJGKV FGP 6JTQP KP $WTUC \W DGUVGKIGP

2T·IWPIGP KO CNNGKPKIGP 0COGP 6KOWTU * #&

1,5:1

9031

1,5:1

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

8KGTVGN 6CPMC Q , #PMÑTÄ[C #PMCTC COÄT C \CO VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #PMÑTÄ[C 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU WP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP I &COCNK 6 #0 ) 44 (GKPGT 5VKN 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9033

ex 9032

8KGTVGN 6CPMC Q , #PMÑTÄ[C #PMCTC COÄT C \CO VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #PMÑTÄ[C 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP \YGK 8CTKCPVGP XQP HGKPGO WPF ITQDGP 5VKN WPF I &COCNK 6 #0 ) 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

8KGTVGN 6CPMC Q , #PMÑTÄ[C ! #PMCTC =COÄT C \CO? VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #PMÑTÄ[C ! PKEJV NGUDCT 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV FCDGK FCU 9QTV OWJCOOCF KP GKPGT N·PINKEJGP -CTVWUEJG CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I &COCNK 44 5VÒEM )TQDGT 5VKN WPF ITQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9034

8KGTVGN 6CPMC Q , #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C COÄT C \CO VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #O³UÄ[C 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP I &COCNK 6 #/ ) C 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

´ Muhammad I. Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

ex 9035

ex 9036

8KGTVGN 6CPMC Q , #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C COÄT C \CO VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #O³UÄ[C 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV FCDGK FCU 9QTV /WJCOOCF KP GKPGT PCEJ NKPMU IGURKV\VGP YKORGNHÌTOKIGP (CUUWPI CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I &COCNK 6 #/ ) C 4 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

8KGTVGN 6CPMC ,CJT ! #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C COÄT C \CO VÄOÑT IÑTM³P MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD #O³UÄ[C 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KP 3WCFTCV FCDGK FCU 9QTV /WJCOOCF KP GKPGT PCEJ TGEJVU IGURKV\VGP YKORGNHÌTOKIGP (CUUWPI CO 4CPF FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I &COCNK 6 #/ ) D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

2T·IWPIGP CNU 8CUCNN 6KOWTU * #&

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9037

ex 9038

#MEG * $TÑU³ $WTUC $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV VÄOÑT MJ³P IÑTM³P OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJ³P MJCNNCFC OWNMCJWO³ 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT FCTD $TÑU³ WPF I #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 16 ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG Q , $TÑU³ $WTUC $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV VÄOÑT MJ³P IÑTM³P OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJ³P MJCNNCFC OWNMCJWO³ 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJWO³ YKG KO #XGTU \YGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG UVGORGNINGKEJG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 16 ) 8CT 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

2T·IWPIGP KO GKIGPGP 0COGP CNNGKP * #&

ex 9039

9040

5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * #O³UK[C #OCU[C $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV CU UWNV³P CN C \CO OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJ³P MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FGP GTUVGP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT FCTD #O³UÄ[C PGWP 8CTKCPVGP OKV VGKNU XGTYKNFGTVGP #WHUEJTKHVGP WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $ #/ ) C ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #O³UK[C #OCU[C $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV CU UWNV³P CN C \CO OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJ³P MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW KP FGT /KVVG FGT OKVVNGTGP <GKNG KP 3WCFTCV CNN³J JCUDÄ 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FGP GTUVGP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT FCTD #O³UÄ[C I #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9041

ex 9042

*CNDGT #MEG * #O³UK[C #OCU[C $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV CU UWNV³P CN C \CO OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJ³P MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FGP GTUVGP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT FCTD #O³UÄ[C I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP #TVWM 2GTG XIN 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $ #/ ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #PMÑTÄ[C #PMCTC $GKFGTUGKVU FCU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK .KPKGP KP FTGK <QPGP IGVGKNV IJK[³VJ CF FWP[³ YC F FÄP OWJCOOCF KDP D³ [C\ÄF MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FGP GTUVGP \YGK <GKNGP FCTWPVGT FCTD #PMÑTÄ[C FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $ #0 ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

´ Muhammad I. Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

ex 9043

#MEG QJPG ,CJT $TÑU³ $WTUC &CU (GNF FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP KP XKGT <QPGP IGVGKNV IJK[³VJ CF FWP[³ YC F FÄP OWJCOOCF KDP D³[C\ÄF MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTD $TÑU³ 4X )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU KP FTGK <GKNGP KO 8KGTRCUU KP FGP $ÌIGP FKG 0COGP FGT XKGT TGEJVIGNGKVGVGP -CNKHGP CEJV 8CTKCPVGP VGKNU OKV TÒEMN·WHKIGO /WJCOOCF KO )NCWDGPUDGMGPPVPKU WPF WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP 2QUKVKQPGP FGT -CNKHGPPCOGP WPF I #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $ $7 ) D 0& 5VÒEM &CU NGV\VG 5VÒEM CWH *CNDIGYKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9044

-WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT QJPG ,CJT $TÑU³ $WTUC 6WIJTC 4X KP GKPGO JQTK\QPVCN IGVGKNVGP 5GEJURCUU QDGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $ $T 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9045

/CPIKT WPF 8CT QJPG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5WNVCPUPCOG KP 8KGTRCUU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO D\Y 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW YC FCYNCVCJW WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $ : WPF 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9046

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV 5WNVCPUPCOG KP 3WCFTCV OKV XGTN·PIGTVGP 5GKVGP 4X 1TPCOGPV WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $ : FC\W GKP WPFGWVNKEJGT /CPIKT XQO ,CJT * $GKFG 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

0CEJ 9KGFGTJGTUVGNNWPI FGU )GUCOVTGKEJGU * #&

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9047

#MEG * 5GTG\ ªDGT GKPGT 6GKNWPIUNKPG GKP $QIGP FCTÒDGT /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ GKPIG\QIGPGP -CTVWUEJG FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE HH &COCNK 5' ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9048

ex 9049

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG +O FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF 5WNV³P KDP UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P 4X KO FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF KP FGT /KVVG FCU ,CJT \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP \ÄFC WOTWJW PGWP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T HH &COCNK '& ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG ªDGT GKPGT 6GKNWPIUNKPG GKP $QIGP FCTÒDGT /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ GKPIG\QIGPGP -CTVWUEJG FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' HH 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE HH &COCNK '& ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

´ Muhammad I. Celebî ibn Bâyazîd

ex 9051

9050

#MEG * #O³UK[C ªDGT GKPGT 6GKNWPIUNKPG GKP $QIGP FCTÒDGT /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ GKPIG\QIGPGP -CTVWUEJG FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK #/ ) 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG WPF * #[CUNWS #[CUNiM 6[RGP GPVURTGEJGPF \W FGP XQTKIGP 0WOOGTP XQO ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGT 5EJTGKDYGKUG FGU 1TVUPCOGPU WPF I *' 2GTG WPF #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 WPF &COCNK #; ) WPF FC\W GKP UVCTM DGUEJPKVVGPGT #MEG * QJPG NGUDCTG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

ex 9052

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC +O FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF 5WNV³P KDP UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P FCXQP FKG OKVVNGTG <GKNG KP -CTVWUEJG WPF -PQVGP \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT GTUVGP WPF NGV\VGP <GKNG 4X KO FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF KP FGT /KVVG FCU ,CJT \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP \ÄFC WOTWJW UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC +O FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF 5WNV³P KDP UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P LGFQEJ QJPG -CTVWUEJG WPF -PQVGP 4X KO FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF KP FGT /KVVG FCU ,CJT \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP \ÄFC WOTWJW UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $TÑU³ $WTUC ªDGT GKPGT 6GKNWPIUNKPG GKP $QIGP FCTÒDGT /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGT UGKVNKEJ GKPIG\QIGPGP -CTVWUEJG FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT UKGDGP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' HH 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

ex 9055

1,5:1

#MEG * $CNCV $GNGF +O FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF 5WNV³P KDP UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P 4X KO FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF KP FGT /KVVG FCU ,CJT \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP \ÄFC WOTWJW GNH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $& ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

ex 9054

ex 9053

1,5:1

9056

1,5:1

#MEG * 3CTCJKU³T #H[QP -CTCJKUCT +O FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF 5WNV³P KDP UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P LGFQEJ QJPG -CTVWUEJG WPF -PQVGP 4X KO FTGKIGVGKNVGP (GNF KP FGT /KVVG FCU ,CJT \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ QDGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP \ÄFC WOTWJW UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK -% ) 5GNVGPG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I.

/WT³F ++ KDP /WJCOOCF + 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #&

)NGKEJ \W $GIKPP UGKPGU 5WNVCPCVU GTNGDVG /WT³F ++ FGP 8GTNWUV 4WOGNKGPU FWTEJ /WUVCH³ 0CEJFGO GT FKGUGP DGUKGIV WPF 'FKTPG GKPIGPQOOGP JCVVG RNCPVG GT GKPGP GTPGWVGP #PITKHH CWH -QPUVCPVKPQRGN YGNEJGU GT \W 4GEJV XGTCPVYQTVNKEJ OCEJVG &GT UQTIH·NVKI XQTDGTGKVGVG WPF CWUIGUVCVVGVG -TKGIU\WI \WT $GNCIGTWPI XQP ,WPK DKU #WIWUV YWTFG PCEJ YGPKIGP $GNCIGTWPIUVCIGP XQP QUOCPKUEJGT 5GKVG CDIGDTQEJGP CPIGDNKEJ YGIGP GKPGT /CTKGPGTUEJGKPWPI CWH FGP /CWGTP FGT 5VCFV 6CVU·EJNKEJ JCVVG GKP CPFGTGT /WUVCH³ GKP PWT ,CJTG CNVGT $TWFGT FGT CNU )QWXGTPGWT XQP *COÄF GKPIGUGV\V YCT FKG 5KVWCVKQP IGPWV\V CPUVGNNG FGT KJO FTQJGPFGP 'TOQTFWPI FWTEJ FGP $TWFGT GKIGPG 5WNVCPCVUCPURTÒEJG \W GTJGDGP 5GKPG 2CTVGKI·PIGT JCVVGP XQP FGP -CTCOCPKFGP WPF )GTOK[³PGTP WPVGTUVÒV\V +\PKM GTQDGTV WPF $WTUC DGNCIGTV /WT³F JCPFGNVG FGUJCND UEJPGNNUVGPU WPF \QI PCEJ $WTUC 'T XGTCPNCUUVG FGP 'T\KGJGT FGU /WUVCH³ FWTEJ FCU 8GTURTGEJGP GKPGU 9CNKCOVGU KP #PCVQNKGP UGKPGP 5EJÒV\NKPI \W GPVHÒJTGP WPF KP FCU .CIGT FGU /WT³F \W DTKPIGP YQ FKGUGT FCPP QJPG 7OUEJYGKHG CP GKPGO (GKIGPDCWO IGJGPMV YWTFG 8QP FKGUGO OGKUV CNU 5J³J\³FG /WUVCH³ DG\GKEJPGVGO 7PINÒEMUTCDGP IKDV GU CWEJ ·WGTUV UGNVGPG #MEGRT·IWPIGP XQP )GTOK[³PGT 5VCPFCTF 2GTG FKG KP FGT XQTNKGIGPFGP 5COONWPI PKEJV XGTVTGVGP UKPF /WT³F PWV\VG FKG #PYGUGPJGKV UGKPGU *GGTGU KP #PCVQNKGP HÒT <YGEMG FGT FQTVKIGP $GUKV\CTTQPFKGTWPI WPF PCJO FKG YGUVCPCVQNKUEJGP 'OKTCVG #[FiP /GPVGqG WPF 6GMG GKP &GT 6QF UGKPGU MCTCOCPKFKUEJGP )GIPGTU /WJCOOCF $G[ ICD UQICT FKG )GNGIGPJGKV KPPGTHCOKNK·TGP 5VTGKV FGT -CTCOCPKFGP \W PWV\GP WO GKPGP KJO IGPGJOGP WPF FGP 1UOCPGP WPVGTYQTHGPGP -CPFKFCVGP CWH FGP 6JTQP \W DTKPIGP YCU FCPP KPHQNIG OCONWMKUEJGT +PVGTXGPVKQP MGKP FCWGTJCHVGT 'THQNI YCT #DGT KOOGTJKP YCT /WT³F ++ CWH FGO DGUVGP 9GI FCU 4GKEJ $³[C\ÄFU YKGFGTJGT\WUVGNNGP 'U UEJGKPV FCUU /WT³F ++ TGNCVKX MNCTG <KGNXQTUVGNNWPIGP \WO #WHDCW GKPGU GJGT \GPVTCNUVCCVNKEJGP CNU HGWFCN QTICPKUKGTVGP 5VCCVGU XGTHQNIVG &C\W IGJÌTVG PKEJV PWT FCU 'TUGV\GP XQP 8CUCNNGP FWTEJ FKTGMVG $GCOVG UQPFGTP CWEJ FKG 'KPUEJT·PMWPI FGT #WVQPQOKG XQP )JC\KITWRRGP CP FGP )TGP\GP <WT 5V·TMWPI FGT <GPVTCNG IGJÌTVG FGT #WUDCW FGT 2CNCUVUMNCXGP MCRiMWNW FKG CWH GKPGT 5MNCXGPCWUNGUG

FGXqKTOG XGTDWPFGP YCTGP &KGUG WPVGT $³[C\ÄF GKPIGHÒJTV DKNFGVGP UVGVU GKP )NGKEJIGYKEJV \W FGP \WXQT UVCCVUVTCIGPFGP 6WTMOGPGP CWH FGTGP 7PCDJ·PIKIMGKVUUVTGDGP WPF $GWVGJWPIGT FKG 'ZRCPUKQPU H·JKIMGKV FGU 5VCCVGU VGKNYGKUG ITÒPFGVG &GT 'KPHNWUU FGT 2CNCUVUMNCXGP CWH FKG 2QNKVKM FGU QUOCPKUEJGP 5VCCVGU YCT XQP GKPGO #WH WPF #D WPF XQP FGT 4KXCNKV·V OKV CPFGTGP )TWRRGP XQT CNNGO FGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP IGMGPP\GKEJPGV &KG -CRiMWNW GTHWJTGP KO 2CNCUV 'NKVGCWUDKNFWPIGP KP #FOKPKUVTCVKQP QFGT -TKGIUYGUGP WPF FKG #DUQNXGPVGP YWTFGP GPVURTGEJGPF GKPIGUGV\V 'KPG CPFGTG 0GWGTWPI WPVGT /WT³F ++ KUV FGT #WHDCW GKPGT -CPQPKGTVTWRRG PCEJFGO GU KP MNGKPGTGO 7OHCPI UEJQP WPVGT $³[C\ÄF GKPG (GNFCTVKNNGTKG IGIGDGP JCVVG +P MTKGIUVGEJPKUEJGT *KPUKEJV DNKGD FGT UR·VOKVVGNCNVGTNKEJG 1UOCPGPUVCCV QJPGJKP FKTGMV CP FGT 5RKV\G OKNKV·TVGEJPKUEJGT 'PVYKEMNWPI 0GDGP FGT OKNKV·TKUEJGP 'PVYKEMNWPI URKGNVG \WPGJOGPF FKG 8GTVGKNWPI XQP $GWVG OKV PWT IGTKPIGO UVCCVNKEJGP #PVGKN GKPG YGUGPVNKEJG 4QNNG HÒT FKG &WTEJUGV\WPIUH·JKIMGKV FGT QUOCPKUEJGP #TOGGP FQEJ XGTRHNKEJVGVG FKGU FKG 1UOCPGP CWEJ \W GKPGO FCWGTJCHV CIITGUUKXGP 8QTIGJGP KPUDGUQPFGTG IGIGP FKG GWTQR·KUEJGP 0CEJDCTP 5Q YWTFG 5CNQPKMK GTPGWV GTQDGTV FKGUOCN OKV 'TOQTFWPI QFGT 8GTVTGKDWPI FGT 5VCFVDGXÌNMGTWPI 5GTDKGP YWTFG YKGFGT WPVGTYQTHGP WPF 7PICTP XGTJGGTV &GT 2TGKUXGTHCNN XQP -KPFGTP CWH FGO 5MNCXGPOCTMV YKTF \WO 6QRQU FGT )GUEJKEJVUUEJTGKDWPI FGT OKVVNGTGP ,CJTG /WT³FU ++ WO * 'U ICD CDGT CWEJ 4ÒEMUEJN·IG GVYC KP #NDCPKGP IGIGP FGP (ÒJTGT 5MCPFGT $GI QFGT KP 7PICTP &GT /GPVCNKV·VUYCPFGN YKTMVG UKEJ CWEJ KP FGT -TKGIHÒJTWPI IGIGP KUNCOKUEJG 0CEJDCTP CWU 'KP RQVGP\KGNN FTCOCVKUEJGU 2TQDNGO \GKEJPGVG UKEJ CD KPFGO FGT D[\CPVKPKUEJG -CKUGT ,QJCPPGU 8+++ 2CNCGQNQIWU KP JÌEJUVGT 0QV PCEJ NCPIGP 8GTJCPFNWPIGP OKV FGO 2CRUV FKG 7PKQP FGT QTVJQFQZGP OKV FGT TÌOKUEJGP -KTEJG XQNN\QIGP JCVVG 'VYC INGKEJ\GKVKI GPVFGEMVG FKG KP FGT -TKUG UVGJGPFG 4KVVGTUEJCHV 'WTQRCU FGP -TGW\\WIUIGFCPMGP XGTICPIGPGT 6CIG CNU KFGPVKV·VUUVKHVGPFGU /GTMOCN YGNEJGU UKG XQP .CPFUMPGEJVUVTWRRGP ITWPFNGIGPF WPVGTUEJKGF 5Q MQPPVGP FKG WPICTKUEJGP -ÌPKIG -TKGIU\ÒIG CWU UVCVVGP FKG KP *GGTGUITÌG WPF -CORHDGTGKVUEJCHV FGP QUOCPKUEJGP *GGTGP IGYCEJUGP YCTGP 'KPG GTUVG ITQG 7PVGTPGJOWPI HÒJTVG KP FGT 6CV \W GKPGT ÒDGTCWU XGTNWUVTGKEJGP 0KGFGTNCIG FGT QUOCPKUEJGP #TOGG /WT³F ++ UEJGKPV UKEJ \WPGJOGPF KP FGP 2CNCUV \WTÒEMIG\QIGP \W JCDGP XKGNNGKEJV KP &GRTGUUKQP LGFGPHCNNU FGT 4GIKGTWPI ÒDGTFTÒUUKI 'T ÒDGTVTWI FCU 5WNVCPCV CWH GKPGP UGKPGT LÒPIGTGP 5ÌJPG /WJCOOCF ++ Y·JTGPF FGUUGP $TÒFGT \W )QWXGTPGWTGP KP FGP 2TQXKP\GP DGUVGNNV YWTFGP 35

Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I.

ex 9059

ex 9058

ex 9057

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 0QXCT 0QXCT $TFQ &CU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK KP GKPGO 5VGTP UKEJ DGTÒJTGPFG *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNV QDGP /WT³F KDP WPVGP /WJCOOCF MJ³P KP FGP UGKVNKEJGP <YKEMGNP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KO IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5GTG\ 6WIJTC OKV /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG UKGD\GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5GTG\ &CU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK KP GKPGO 5VGTP UKEJ DGTÒJTGPFG *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNV QDGP /WT³F KDP WPVGP /WJCOOCF MJ³P KP FGP UGKVNKEJGP <YKEMGNP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KO IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG FTGKKI 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9060

1,5:1

#MEG * 5GTG\ +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP UGKVGP FCU ,CJT I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9061

ex 9062

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG 6WIJTC OKV /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG UKGD\GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG &CU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK KP GKPGO 5VGTP UKEJ DGTÒJTGPFG *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNV QDGP /WT³F KDP WPVGP /WJCOOCF MJ³P KP FGP UGKVNKEJGP <YKEMGNP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KO IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9063

ex 9064

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP UGKVGP FCU ,CJT \YGK +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK '& ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG 5VÒEM WPF * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C 6WIJTC OKV /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG WPF #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK #/ ) WPF ) &CU NGV\VG 5VÒEM 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I.

ex 9066

9065

#MEG * #PMÑTÄ[C #PMCTC 6WIJTC OKV /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPF 5VGTP 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #0 ) C 8CT 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG 5VÒEM WPF 5VÒEM * #[CVJNWS #[CUNWM 6[RGP KP 'PVURTGEJWPI \W FGP XQTJGTIGJGPFGP 5VÒEMGP WPF I *' 2GTG WPF #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK #; ) WPF ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9068

ex 9067

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC 6WIJTC 4X &CVWO KP 8KGTGEM 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP 5GKVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $WTUC 6WIJTC OKV /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG UKGD\GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9069

9070

#MEG * $WTUC &CU (GNF FWTEJ \YGK KP GKPGO 5VGTP UKEJ DGTÒJTGPFG *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNV QDGP /WT³F KDP WPVGP /WJCOOCF MJ³P KP FGP UGKVNKEJGP <YKEMGNP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X KO IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

&KTJCO Q , WO * )GTOK[³P /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF 4X FCTD )GTOK[³P FCU (GNF DGKFGTUGKVU FWTEJ FTGK 2CTCNNGNG .KPKGP IGVGKNV I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK )/ ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9071

ex 9072

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * 'FKTPG 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ KP TCFKCN FTGKIGVGKNVGO (GNF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , 'FKTPG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGT 1TPCOGPV 4X 3C[K 6COIC WPVGT 1TPCOGPV HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9073

ex 9074

/CPIKT = ? * WPF ! * 8CTKCPVGP #[³VJNWS #[CUNWM 6KVGN 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ HÒT FKG 5VCFV D\Y #MEGV[R WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #[ WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * $TÑU³ $WTUC 6KVGN 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ HÒT FKG 5VCFV WPF I 2GTG -CDCMNCTNK $T 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

9076

ex 9075

/CPIKT * $WTUC 6KVGN WPF 0COG ÒDGT WPF WPVGT &QRRGNNKPKG OKV -PQVGP 4X /KVVGNDCPF OKV &CVWO FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT QJPG ,CJT $WTUC /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGT 1TPCOGPV 4X 6COIC KO -TGKU I -CDCMNCTNK $T 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9077

ex 9078

/CPIKT * 6ÄTG 0COG WPF ,CJT 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I WPF GKP 5VÒEM PKEJV IGYQIGP -CDCMNCTNK 6TC 5VÒEM 6GKNU UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV 6WIJTC 4X IGQOGVTKUEJGU 1TPCOGPV 8CTKCPVGP D\Y 5WNVCPUPCOG WO &TGKGEM 4X U[OOGVTKUEJGU (NQTCNQTPCOGPV WPF GKP YGKVGTGT /CPIKT OKV 5VGTP KO -TGKU XQP WPUKEJGTGT <WUEJTGKDWPI WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/WJCOOCF ++ (³VKJ KDP /WT³F ++ 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #&

&KG #WHICDGP FKG UKEJ KP FGO GTPGWV ITQGP 4GKEJ UVGNNVGP YCTGP PKEJV NGKEJV /WJCOOCF YCT GPGTIKUEJ WPF DGK #TOGG WPF 8GTYCNVWPI DGNKGDV 5GKP /CPIGN CP 'THCJTWPI GTOÌINKEJVG 4ÒEMUEJN·IG CP PGWGP (TQPVGP FWTEJ #NDCPGT WPF KP 0QTFITKGEJGPNCPF XQP D[\CPVKPKUEJGT 5GKVG YGNEJG GT PKEJV DGJGTTUEJGP MQPPVG \WOCN PWPOGJT CWEJ FKG 8GPG\KCPGT KP GKP $ÒPFPKU OKV 7PICTP GKPVTCVGP +O *GTDUV TÒEMVG GKPG PGWG -TGW\\WIUCTOGG CWU 7PICTP GPVNCPI FGT &QPCW CWH QUOCPKUEJGO )GDKGV XQT &CJGT YWTFG /WT³F IGDGVGP OKV FGT CPCVQNKUEJGP #TOGG PCEJ 4WOGNKGP \WTÒEM\WMGJTGP YCU GT CWEJ VCV YQDGK )GPWGUGP YKGFGTWO *KNHG NGKUVGVGP FC UKG GKP 8QTFTKPIGP FGT 8GPG\KCPGT DGHÒTEJVGP OWUUVGP 1D FKG 4ÒEMMGJT /WT³FU KP FKG 2QNKVKM WPF KP FCU /KNKV·T CWEJ UVCCVUTGEJVNKEJ GKPG 4ÒEMMGJT KP FCU 5WNVCPCV DGFGWVGV KUV PKEJV GKPFGWVKI KPUDGUQPFGTG PCEJ FGO PWOKUOCVKUEJGP $GHWPF

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9079

#MEG * 5GTG\ +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP UGKVGP FCU ,CJT XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd II. ibn Muhammad I.

ex 9081

ex 9080

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP 5GKVGP FCU ,CJT UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP 5GKVGP FCU ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' \W 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #/ ) 4 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9082

ex 9083

#MEG * #[CVJNWS #[CUNWM +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP 5GKVGP FCU ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #; ) 4 &G\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $WTUC +P FGT TWPFGP #WUURCTWPI FGU OKV FGO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ IGHÒNNVGP *CNDOQPFGU /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ *CNDDÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W FGP 5GKVGP FCU ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9085

ex 9084

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * #O³UK[C #OCU[C 0COG WPF ,CJT 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #OU 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * $WTUC 0COG WPF &CVWO 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO 8KGTRCUU FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/WT³F ++ KDP /WJCOOCF + 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #& &GO CNVGP 5WNVCP /WT³F ++ WPF UGKPGP CPCVQNKUEJGP 6TWRRGP IKPI GU \WP·EJUV FCTWO UGKPGO 5QJP \W JGNHGP 'U YCT KJO VCVU·EJNKEJ OÌINKEJ CO 'PFG GKPGT FTCOCVKUEJGP 5EJNCEJV DGK 9CTPC FGP 5KGI FCXQP \WVTCIGP FC GU PCEJ CPH·PINKEJGP 'THQNIGP FGT EJTKUVNKEJGP 5GKVG FGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP IGNCPI FGP WPICTK UEJGP -ÌPKI .CFKUNCWU \W KUQNKGTGP \W HCPIGP WPF \W VÌVGP 0CEJ FKGUGO 'THQNI YWTFG /WT³F DGFT·PIV KP FCU 5WNVCPCV \WTÒEM\WMGJTGP 'T ICD FKGUGO &TWEM UEJNKGNKEJ PCEJ YQDGK /WJCOOCF CNNGTFKPIU GDGPHCNNU FGP 5WNVCPUVKVGN YGKVGTHÒJTGP FWTHVG +P FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI UEJGKPV OCP FCU 2TQDNGO FGT MQTTGMVGP 0COGPUPGPPWPI WOUEJKHHV \W JCDGP KPFGO FKG NGV\VG 'OKUUKQP OKV &CVWO * YGKVGT IGRT·IV YWTFG &CDGK YCT FKG 7PVGTUEJGKFWPI XQP /WT³F KDP /WJCOOCF WPF /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MCWO OÌINKEJ &C CDGT CWEJ FKG /ÌINKEJMGKV DGUVGJV FCUU FGTCTVKIG #MEG UEJQP CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV /WT³F IGRT·IV YWTFGP WPF FCPP /WJCOOCF DGYWUUV CWH MCWO OÌINKEJG 7PVGT UEJGKFWPI \WT /ÒP\RT·IWPI UGKPGU 8CVGTU DGUVCPFGP J·VVG FCTH HGUVIGUVGNNV YGTFGP FCUU FKG -GTP CWUUCIG FGT /ÒP\GP FCTKP DGUVGJV FKG *GTTUEJCHV XQP 8CVGT WPF 5QJP WPWPVGTUEJGKFDCT \W OCEJGP /WT³F JCVVG PQEJOCNU )GNGIGPJGKV UGKPG OKNKV·TKUEJGP (·JKIMGKVGP \W DGYGKUGP KPFGO GT FGT P·EJUVGP -TGW\\WIUCTOGG CWU 7PICTP KO -QUQXQ GKPG UKGITGKEJG 5EJNCEJV NKGHGTVG #O (GDTWCT XGTUVCTD /WT³F ++ CP GKPGO 5EJNCICPHCNN

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

ex 9086

/CPIKT * 6ÄTG 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO XKGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 6TG WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

/WJCOOCF ++ (³VKJ KDP /WT³F ++ 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #& /WJCOOCF ++ YCT DGTGKVU 5WNVCP CNU GT GTPGWV FKG #NNGKPTGIKGTWPI ÒDGTPCJO WPF JKGT\W GKPGP UGKPGT MNGKPGP $TÒFGT VÌVGP NKG #PH·PINKEJG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP OKV FGP -CTCOCPKFGP MQPPVGP FKRNQOCVKUEJ DGKIGNGIV YGTFGP 5GKP XQTFTKPINKEJGU <KGN DGUVCPF PWPOGJT KP FGT 'TQDGTWPI -QPUVCPVKPQRGNU FC FKG -KTEJGPWPKQP WPF FKG -TGW\\WIUIGHCJT $GFKPIWPIGP IGUEJCHHGP JCVVGP FKG HÒT GKPGP QUOCPKUEJGP 8CUCNNGPUVCCV PKEJV \W XGTGKPGP YCTGP &GT KO (GDTWCT DGIKPPGPFGP QUOCPKUEJGP $GNCIGTWPI MQPPVG MCWO PQEJ GKPG CWUTGKEJGPFG $GOCPPWPI FGT .CPFOCWGT GPVIGIGPIGUGV\V YGTFGP &KG 'TQDGTWPI PCEJ FGO /CK IGJÌTV \YCT \W FGP 'EMFCVGP FGT 9GNVIGUEJKEJVG JCVVG CDGT HÒT FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ KP GTUVGT .KPKG TGIKQPCNRQNKVKUEJG 9KEJVKIMGKV FGPP CWH FGT )TWPFNCIG FGT -QPVTQNNG FGT /GGTGPIGP NKG UKEJ FKG 8QTOCEJV KO 5EJYCT\OGGTTCWO CWUDCWGP &CTÒDGT JKPCWU XGTGKPHCEJVG FKG -QPVTQNNG FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU ÒDGT FCU 2CVTKCTEJCV XQP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN FCU 8GTJ·NVPKU FGU KUNCOKUEJGP 5VCCVGU \W UGKPGP YGKVIGJGPF QTVJQFQZGP 7PVGTVCPGP &QEJ CWEJ KP FKGUGT *KPUKEJV TGNCVKXKGTVG FKG YGPKIG ,CJT\GJPVG UR·VGT CPIGMPÒRHVG 0CEJHQNIGTQNNG FGU /QUMQYKVGT 6UCTVWOU WPF FGU 2CVTKCTEJCVU XQP /QUMCW CP FKG D[\CPVKPKUEJGP 6TCFKVKQPGP FGP )GYKPP (ÒT FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ DGFGWVGVG CDGT FKG #DNÌUWPI FGT FG\GPVTCNGP *GTTUEJCHV XQP $WTUC WPF 'FKTPG CWU \WIWPUVGP GKPGT DKUYGKNGP YCUUGTMÌRHKIGP /GVTQRQNG KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN OCUUKXG 8GT·PFGTWPIGP XQP *GTTUEJCHVU UVTWMVWTGP 5EJQP DGK FGT 'TQDGTWPI XGTUWEJVG /WJCOOCF FKG 5VCFV YGNEJG DGTGKVU ÒDGT ,CJTJWPFGTVG KP $GXÌNMGTWPI WPF $GDCWWPI IGUEJTWORHV YCT OÌINKEJUV KPVCMV WPF OKV KJTGT 4GUVDGXÌNMGTWPI \W ÒDGTPGJOGP WO FCPP KP GKPGO ITQGP ÌMQPQOKUEJ IGNGKVGVGP #WHDCWRTQITCOO \WT *CWRVUVCFV CP\WJGDGP 'U IGNCPI KJO KP FTGK ,CJT\GJPVGP FKG $GXÌNMGTWPIU\CJN YKGFGT CWH GKPGP 5VCPF XQP IGUEJ·V\VGP MPCRR -ÌRHGP \W DTKPIGP #DGT IGTCFG CO $GKURKGN FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI YGNEJG KP 5KNDGT PKEJV XQT FGP GT ,CJTGP YKGFGT GKPUGV\V YKTF FGWVNKEJ YKG NCPIG GU FCWGTVG WO CWEJ PWT FGP 4CPI FGT CNVGP QUOCPKUEJGP *CWRVUV·FVG \W GTTGKEJGP 'TUV YKTF OKV FGT 'KPHÒJTWPI XQP )TQUKNDGTOÒP\GP MQP\GPVTKGTV KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN WPF KP FGT $GTIYGTMUOÒP\UV·VVG 0QXCT FGWVNKEJ FCUU FGT 5VCFV CWEJ GKPG CFOKPKUVTCVKXG WPF ÌMQPQOKUEJG *CWRVUVCFVTQNNG \WIGYKGUGP YQTFGP KUV &KG YGKVGTGP OKNKV·TKUEJGP <KGNG /WJCOOCFU NCIGP DKU WO XQT CNNGO KP 'WTQRC KP FGT #GICGKU KP #NDCPKGP $QUPKGP WPF 5GTDKGP FCPCEJ \WP·EJUV KO 5EJYCT\OGGTDGTGKEJ YQ FCU (ÒTUVGPVWO FGT +UHCPFK[CTKFGP FGO 5VCCV GKPXGTNGKDV YWTFG WO 6TCRG\WPV \W GTQDGTP 9KEJVKIG 2QUKVKQPGP YCTGP YKGFGT CWH FGO $CNMCP XGTNQTGP IGICPIGP WPF GU ICD PGWG (GNF\ÒIG IGIGP FKG 9CNCEJGK #NDCPKGP WPF $QUPKGP +PFGO FKG 1UOCPGP GTPGWV KP FGP #FTKCTCWO XQTUVKGGP MCO GU YKGFGT \WO -TKGI OKV 8GPGFKI &KGUGT \QI UKEJ HCUV ÒDGT FGP ICP\GP 4GUV FGT *GTTUEJCHVUFCWGT FGU 5WNVCPU JKP QDYQJN OCP UKEJ PCEJ FGT 'TQDGTWPI XQP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN IGGKPKIV JCVVG )GIGPÒDGT FGP 8GPG\KCPGTP JCVVG /WJCOOCF FGP 0CEJVGKN FCUU GT YGFGT ÒDGT GKPG CF·SWCVG (NQVVG PQEJ ÒDGT GKP GPVURTGEJGPFGU FKRNQOCVKUEJGU 0GV\YGTM XGTHÒIVG OKV FGO 8GPGFKI GVYC #PITKHHG CNDCPKUEJGT WPF \WINGKEJ QUVCPCVQ NKUEJGT )GIPGT FGU 1UOCPGPUVCCVGU MQQTFKPKGTV OKV FGP GKIGPGP 5EJN·IGP XGTDKPFGP MQPPVG +P FGT GTUVGP ITQGP #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPI \YKUEJGP 1UOCPGP WPF FGP FGT #S 3W[WPNW GKPGT \WT )TQOCEJV XQO <GPVTCNKTCP DKU PCEJ 1UVCPCVQNKGP CWHIGUVKGIGPGP 6WTMOGPGPMQPHÌFGTCVKQP MQPPVG UKEJ FKG QUOCPKUEJG #TOGG DGJCWRVGP Y·JTGPF CWEJ FGT MNGKPGTG YGKVGT UÒFNKEJ IGNGIGPG 6WTMOGPGPUVCCV FGT &JWN SCFT \WPGJOGPF WPVGT QUOCPKUEJGP 'KPHNWUU IGTKGV &GT 0QTFGP FGT 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG YCT PCEJ FGO <WUCOOGPDTWEJ FGT )QNFGPGP *QTFG CWHIGVGKNV KP FKG 'KPHNWUUIGDKGVG /QUMCWU 2QNGPU FGT -TKOVCVCTGP WPF FGT )GPWGUGP *KGT IGNCPI GU /WJCOOCF FKG -TKOVCVCTGP WPVGT FGT *GTTUEJCHV FGT )KTC[ (COKNKG KP GKPG OQFGTCVG #DJ·PIKIMGKV \W DTKPIGP WPF INGKEJ\GKVKI FGP IGPWGUKUEJGP 'KPHNWUU CWU\WUEJCNVGP +O 0QTFYGUVGP FTCPIGP FKG QUOCPKUEJGP 6TWRRGP CWEJ KP FCU (ÒTUVGPVWO /QNFCW GKP PKEJV PWT \WT #TTQPFKGTWPI FGT 5EJYCT\OGGTMQPVTQNNG UQPFGTP YGKN UKG JKGT CWEJ GKPGP YGKVGTGP <WICPI PCEJ 7PICTP HCPFGP 9·JTGPF UKEJ FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ YGKVGT MQPUQNKFKGTGP MQPPVG UWEJVG 8GPGFKI UEJNKGNKEJ GKPGP (TKGFGPUUEJNWUU FGT FKG $GUKV\WPIGP KP )TKGEJGPNCPF WPF KP FGT I·KU IGIGP 6TKDWV \CJNWPIGP ICTCPVKGTVG #WH FGT CPFGTGP 5GKVG JCVVG FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ KP FGT #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPI OKV 8GPGFKI WPF WO FKG 8QTJGTTUEJCHV KO 5EJYCT\GP /GGT GKPG FGT <GKV GPVURTGEJGPFG -TKGIUHNQVVG CWHIGDCWV 5Q NCIGP PGWG 'TQDGTWPIU\KGNG KP 4JQFQU YQ FGT ,QJCPPKVGT 4KVVGTQTFGP FGT -TGW\ HCJTGTKFGPVKV·V FGT GWTQR·KUEJGP 4KVVGTUEJCHV P·JTVG WPF KP 7PVGTKVCNKGP 0GCRGN 5K\KNKGP FCU FGP 6ÒTMGP KOOGT YKGFGT KP #NDCPKGP 2TQDNGOG DGTGKVGV JCVVG 9·JTGPF 4JQFQU OKV ITQGP 8GTNWUVGP DGNCIGTV YWTFG UVCTD /WJCOOCF RNÌV\NKEJ 'KPG YKEJVKIG #WHICDG FGT UKEJ /WJCOOCF UVGNNVG YCT GU FKG -QFKHK\KGTWPI FGU 4GEJVU YGNEJGU FCU 8GTJ·NVPKU FGT 7PVGTVCPGP \WO 5VCCV TGIGNVG \W DGIKPPGP GKPG #WHICDG FKG WPVGT 5WNC[O³P + CDIG UEJNQUUGP YWTFG

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9087

#MEG * 0QX³T 0QXQ $TFQ +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÒIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' \W 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

ex 9088

ex 9089

ex 9090

#MEG * 0QX³T 0QXQ $TFQ /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0QX³T 0QXQ $TFQ /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0QX³T 0QXQ $TFQ /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9091

ex 9092

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 75 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9093

ex 9094

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5GTG\ +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÒIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' \W 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * 5GTG\ /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9095

ex 9096

#MEG * 5GTG\ /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

9097

1,5:1

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C FCTD HÄ WPF 2T·IGLCJT ÒDGT FGO \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ FGU 9QTVGU HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ I 8IN *' * #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9098 1,5:1

1,5:1

9099 1,5:1

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C FCTD HÄ WPF 2T·IGLCJT ÒDGT FGO \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ FGU 9QTVGU HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9100 1,5:1

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C FCTD HÄ WPF UCPC ÒDGT FGO \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ FGU 9QTVGU HÄ FCU 2T·IGLCJT JKPVGT HÄ HQNIGPF 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

ex 9102

ex 9101

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÌIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP PGWP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9103

#MEG * 'FKTPG /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP W C OKV GKPHCEJGO WPF FTGKHCEJGO 4CPFMTGKU WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9104

ex 9105

#MEG * 'FKTPG /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9106

#MEG * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÌIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #/ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #/ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9108

ex 9107

ex 9109

#MEG * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP CNNG OKV FTGKHCEJGO 4CPFMTGKU WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #/ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #[³VJNWS #[CUNWM +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÌIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG \GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #; ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

ex 9110

#MEG * #[³VJNWS #[CUNWM /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #; ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #[³VJNWS #[CUNWM /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP DGKFG OKV GKPHCEJGO 4CPFMTGKU FCU \YGKVG 5VÒEM ÒDGTRT·IV CWH ·NVGTGP #MEG WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #; ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9113

ex 9112

ex 9111

ex 9114

#MEG * $WTUC +P GKPGT CWU XKGT UKEJ UGKVNKEJ ÒDGTUEJPGKFGPFGP $ÒIGP \GPVTCN CWUIGURCTVGP -CTVWUEJG /WJCOOCF KDP CO 4CPF /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG FQRRGNVG .KPKG OKV UGKVNKEJGP -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP FGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $WTUC /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $WTUC /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP W C OKV GKPHCEJGO WPF FTGKHCEJGO 4CPFMTGKU WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9115

1,5:1

#MEG WPF * $WTUC /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG WPF #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) WPF ) 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9116

1,5:1

9117

#MEG * 3CUVCOÑPÄ -CUVCOQPW /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP I *' \W 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK -5 ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP MNGKPGP 5VGTP \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK - ) 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

&KG HTÒJGUVG QUOCPKUEJG 'FGNOGVCNNRT·IWPI CWU -QPUVCPVKPQRGN &C FKG ,CJTGU\CJN * DKU \WT PGWGP 'OKUUKQP XQP * DGPWV\V YWTFG WPF FKG GTUVG -QPUVCPVKPQRNGT #MEG KO 8GTINGKEJ \WT 0CEJHQNIGGOKUUKQP UGJT UGNVGP UKPF FCTH OKV GKPGO TGNCVKX UR·VGP 2T·IGDGIKPP MWT\ XQT * IGTGEJPGV YGTFGP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

9118 1,5:1

1,5:1

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P MJCNNCF CNN³J UWNV³PCJW FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - ) C 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV )WVGU UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9119

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK <GKNGP FTGK\GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP W C OKV GKPHCEJGO WPF FTGKHCEJGO 4CPFMTGKU WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9120

ex 9121

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9122

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * WPF Q , 'FKTPG 6WIJTC OKV &CVWO 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG FCU \YGKVG 5VÒEM 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9123

9124

/CPIKT Q , 'FKTPG 0COG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ KO -TGKU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU UGEJU 8CTKCPVGP XQP VGKNU UGJT WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGT )TÌG GKP YGKVGTGT 6[R OKV 0COGP KP FGP #DUEJPKVVGP GKPGU &TGKGEMU 4X FTGK JQTK\QPVCNG .KPKGP FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT WPF 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , #O³UK[C 5VGTP KP FTGKHCEJGO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK #OU 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9125

ex 9126

/CPIKT * #[³VJNWS 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF 0COG 4X 5EJNCPIG OKV DTGV\GNCTVKIGO -ÌTRGT FCTÒDGT FCU ,CJT WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #[ WPF 5VÒEM 5EJÌP

/CPIKT * $WTUC 0COG WPF 6KVGN KP FTGK KPU &TGKGEM IGUVGNNVG $ÌIGP 4X ,CJT KP OCPFGNHÌTOKIGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad II. Fâtih ibn Murâd II.

ex 9127

/CPIKT * WPF Q , $WTUC 0COG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU WO GKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP 5VGTP QFGT 2WPMV 8CTKCPVGP VGKNU QJPG &CVKGTWPI XQP WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGT )TÒG WPF )GYKEJV OKPFGUVGPU \YGK 5VÒEMG UEJGKPGP \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG 0CEJCJOWPIGP \W UGKP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9128

ex 9129

9130

/CPIKT Q , $WTUC 0COG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU WO GKPGP 5VGTP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU WO GKPGP 5VGTP QFGT 2WPMV HÒPH 8CTKCPVGP OGKUV -NGKPUVÒEMG WPF VGKNYGKUG XGTOWVNKEJ \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG 0CEJCJOWPIGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , $WTUC 0COG WPF 6KVGN KP TCFKCN FTGKIGVGKNVGO (GNF 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGO FWTEJ \YGK $ÌIGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF HÒPH 8CTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , $WTUC /WJCOOCF KDP KO &TGKGEM CO 4CPF 8CVGTUPCOG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ \YGK JQTK\QPVCNG .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK $T 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9132

9131

/CPIKT Q , 6ÄTG /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW 4X KP GKPGO FWTEJ FTGK JQTK\QPVCNG .KPKGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF QDGP WPF WPVGP 4CPMGP FC\YKUEJGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK 6TC 8QP INGKEJO·KIGT #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , 6ÄTG 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 6TC XGTUEJKGFGPG WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9133

9134

/CPIKT Q , 3CT³JKU³T #H[QP -CTCJKUCT /WJCOOCF KDP /WT ³F MJ³P CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP RWPMVKGTVGP -TGKU CWH GKPGT FCU (GNF VTGPPGPFGP .KPKG 4X -JCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTD 3CTCJKU³T CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPGP RWPMVKGTVGP -TGKU FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3TJ 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT = ? * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW = ? 4X FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5GJT UEJÌP

9135

ex 9136

/CPIKT Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN +P FGT /KVVG FTGK 5VGTPG FCTWO FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C 4X FTGK RWPMVKGTVG 4KPIGN FKG FWTEJ .KPKGP OKV FGO 4CPF XGTDWPFGP UKPF \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 0COG ÒDGT WPF WPVGT FQRRGNVGT 6TGPPNKPKG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG ÒDGT WPF WPVGT FQRRGNVGT 6TGPPNKPG FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9137

9138

/CPIKT Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5VGTP KP .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , WPF /\UV +P -TGKU /WJCOOCF KDP 4X KP -TGKU /WT³F MJ³P I -CDCMNCTNK : 5GJT UEJÌP

Sultan Jem ibn Muhammad II.

5WNVCP ,GO KDP /WJCOOCF ++ * /CK ,WPK #&

8QP FTGK 5ÌJPGP FGU /WJCOOCF FKG FCU 'TYCEJUGPGPCNVGT GTTGKEJVGP NGDVGP DGK UGKPGO 6QFG PQEJ \YGK &KGUG ,GO WPF $³[C\ÄF YCTGP CNU 2TKP\GP KP CFOKPKUVTCVKXGP #WHICDGP WPF KP *GGTGUHÒJTWPI CWUIGDKNFGV &KG DGKFGP XGTHÒIVGP ÒDGT FGP 4ÒEMJCNV LGYGKNU GPVIGIGPIGUGV\VGT 2CTVGKGP CO *QH ,GO JCVVG FGP VÒTMKUEJGP #FGN JKPVGT UKEJ $³[C\ÄF FKG 2CNCUVUMNCXGP WPF CWU KJPGP JGTXQTIGICPIGPGP 8GTYCNVGT FGXqKTOG WPF FKG ,CPKVUEJCTGP &GT )TQYGUKT /WJCOOCFU XGTUWEJVG FGP 6QF NCPIG IGPWI IGJGKO \W JCNVGP DKU ,GO CPYGUGPF YCT FQEJ FCU OKUUNCPI ,GO XGTUWEJVG FWTEJ 8GTJCPFNWPIGP GKPG 6GKNWPI FGU 4GKEJGU JCVVG CDGT FGP 1DGTDGHGJNUJCDGT #PCVQNKGPU PKEJV CWH UGKPGT 5GKVG &GPPQEJ GTMN·TVG GT UKEJ \WO 5WNVCP KP #PCVQNKGP WPF DGUGV\VG $WTUC 'U MCO \WT 5EJNCEJV OKV FGO ÒDGT O·EJVKIGP $³[C\ÄF WPF ,GO 5WNV³P HNÒEJVGVG \W FGP /CONWMGP PCEJ #NGRRQ *KGT UCOOGNVG GT 6WTMOGPGP WPF 6TWRRGPHÒJTGT FKG $³[C\ÄF KJTGT OVGTP GPVNGFKIV JCVVG WPF GT HCPF 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI DGK FGO -CTCOCPKFGP 3³UKO 5EJNKGNKEJ YCIVG GT ÒDGT -KNKMKGP PCEJ #PCVQNKGP XQT\WUVQGP WPF MCO DKU #PMCTC &QTV OWUUVG GT HGUVUVGNNGP FCUU KP\YKUEJGP CWEJ FKG VÒTMKUEJG #TKUVQMTCVKG XQP $³[C\ÄF UQYGKV OKV OVGTP GKPIGFGEMV YCT FCUU GT MGKPGP <WNCWH JCVVG 'T HNÒEJVGVG FCJGT \W FGP ,QJCPPKVGTP PCEJ 4JQFQU XGTDTCEJVG JKGT FGP 5QOOGT WPF GTNGDVG FCUU UKEJ FGT GKP\KIG XGTDNKGDGPG OCEJVXQNNG 7PVGTUVÒV\GT FGT -CTCOCPKFG 3³UKO FGO 9KNNGP $³[C\ÄFU PCEJICD YCU \WINGKEJ FCU 'PFG FGT -CTCOCPKFGPJGTTUEJCHV DGFGWVGVG ,GO IKPI FCTCWHJKP PCEJ (TCPMTGKEJ 5EJNKGNKEJ XGTOKVVGNVGP FKG ,QJCPPKVGT KJP CP FGP 2CRUV FGT KJP HÒT FGP (CNN GKPGU PGWGP -TGW\\WIURNCPU KP 4GUGTXG JKGNV 0CEJ FGT 'TQDGTWPI XQP 4QO YQNNVG -CTN :++ KJP PCEJ (TCPMTGKEJ UEJKEMGP WPF NKG KJP \WP·EJUV PCEJ 0GCRGN DTKPIGP YQ GT GKPGP /QPCV UR·VGT UVCTD OÌINKEJGTYGKUG YWTFG XGTIKHVGV

9139

2:1

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = * ? $WTUC UWNV³P ,GO KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK %/ $7 ) D 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV #XGTU FG\GPVTKGTV CDGT OKV XQNNGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP UGJT UEJÌP

9140

2:1

#MEG = * ? $WTUC UWNV³P ,GO KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK %/ $7 ) C 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV #XGTU NGKEJV FG\GPVTKGTV OKV PQEJ NGUDCTGO 5WNVCPUPCOG XQT\ÒINKEJ

'ZGORNCT CWU 5COONWPI - /CE-GP\KG

Bâyazîd II. ibn Muhammad II.

$³[C\ÄF ++ KDP /WJCOOCF ++ * #&

$GKO 4GIKGTWPIUCPVTKVV YCT $³[C\ÄF YGKVIGJGPF FCOKV IGDWPFGP UGKPG *GTTUEJCHV IGIGP FKG #PURTÒEJG UGKPGU $TWFGTU ,GO CD\WUKEJGTP WPF GT XGTOKGF CWEJ FCPCEJ ITQG -QPHTQPVCVKQPGP FKG ,GO 7PVGT UVÒV\WPI J·VVGP GKPDTKPIGP MÌPPGP &KG NGV\VGP -TKGIUWPVGTPGJOWPIGP UGKPGU 8CVGTU YWTFGP CWHIGIGDGP &CU DGTGKVU KP QUOCPKUEJGT *CPF DGHKPFNKEJG 1VTCPVQ KP -CNCDTKGP IKPI OKV UGKPGT $GUCV\WPI XGTNQTGP Y·JTGPF CWEJ KP 5GTDKGP WPF XQP 7PICTP JGT QUOCPKUEJG 2QUKVKQPGP GKPIGPQOOGP YWTFGP &GO IGIGPÒDGT UGV\VG FGT PGWG 5WNVCP CD UGKPG )TGP\VTWRRGP IGIGP 7PICTP GKP WPF FKG *CWRVUVTGKV O·EJVG IGIGP FKG /QNFCW FGPGP GT IGOGKPUCO OKV FGP )KTCK -JCPGP FGT -TKO FKG *CPFGNUV·FVG CO 5EJYCT\GP /GGT CDPCJO 5QNCPIG FGT WPICTKUEJG -ÌPKI /CVVJKCU %QTXKPWU NGDVG DNKGDGP CDGT YGKVGTG ITQG QUOCPKUEJG *GGTGUWPVGTPGJOWPIGP KO 0QTFGP FGU $CNMCPU CWU &KG YGKVGTGP GT ,CJTG UVGNNGP GKPG FGT YGPKIGP (TKGFGPURGTKQFGP FGU HTÒJGP GZRCPUKXGP 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU FCT +P 'FKTPG WPF -QPUVCPVKPQRGN DGICPPGP 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP WPF .KVGTCVWT \W DNÒJGP YGPPINGKEJ PKEJV KP KPVGNNGMVWGNNGT (TGKJGKV 9KTVUEJCHV WPF UVCCVNKEJGU (KPCP\YGUGP MQPPVGP KP CWUIGYQIGPG $G\KGJWPI IGDTCEJV YGTFGP 5VGWGTÒDGTUEJÒUUG YWTFGP HÒT FGP #WHDCW GKPGU -TKGIUUEJCV\GU WPF HÒT FKG /QFGTPKUKGTWPI FGT #TUGPCNG DGPWV\V #D YWTFG XGTUV·TMV FKG (NQVVGPCWHTÒUVWPI DGVTKGDGP &GT UGKV ÒDGT GKPGO ,CJTJWPFGTV OKNKVCTKUVKUEJ CPIGNGIVG 5VCCV XGT·PFGTVG UGKPG )TWPFUVTWMVWT PKEJV (TKGFGP ICNV PKEJV CNU GTUVTGDGPU YGTVGU )TWPF\KGN +O 1UVGP ·PFGTVG UKEJ FKG .CIG KP (QTO XQP 5VGNNXGTVTGVGTMTKGIGU FGT \YKUEJGP FGP XQO 1UOCPGPTGKEJ WPVGTUVÒV\VGP &JÑ N SCFT 6WTMOGPGP OKV FGO /CONWMGPUWNVCPCV CWUIGHQEJVGP YWTFG WPF NGV\VNKEJ \WIWPUVGP FGT /CONWMGP GPVUEJKGFGP YWTFG 5EJNKGNKEJ INKVV FKG NCPIG (TKGFGPURJCUG /KVVG FGT GT ,CJTG KP XGTUV·TMVG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP OKV FGP GWTQR·KUEJGP 0CEJDCTP &KG 8GPG\KCPGT JCVVGP XQP UKEJ CWU MGKP $GFÒTHPKU KJTG 2QUKVKQPGP KO ITKGEJKUEJGP 4CWO WPF KO *CPFGN FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU \W IGH·JTFGP &QEJ CD ICD GU OCUUKXG #PITKHHG CWH FKG /QTGC WPF XKGNG XGPG\KCPKUEJG $WTIGP WPF (GUVWPIGP YWTFGP GTQDGTV 'KP HQNIGPFGT (TKGFGPUUEJNWUU 'PFG DGUV·VKIVG \YCT XKGNG XGTDNKGDGPG XGPG\KCPKUEJG $GUKV\WPIGP WPF *CPFGNURTKXKNGIKGP CDGT \WINGKEJ JCVVG UKEJ FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ CNU 5GGOCEJV KO /KVVGNOGGT GVCDNKGTV FCU PWPOGJT KP FGT .CIG YCT KP FCU YGUVNKEJG /KVVGNOGGT XQT\WFTKPIGP 'KPG *GTCWUHQTFGTWPI ICP\ CPFGTGT #TV GPVUVCPF NCPIUCO IGIGP 'PFG FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU KO 1UVGP &KG S 3W[WPNW -QPHÌFGTCVKQP JCVVG XQP 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP CWU FGP IGUCOVGP +TCP WPF +TCM WPVGT KJTG -QPVTQNNG IGDTCEJV WPF WPVGT FGP 6WTMOGPGP FGU 1UVGPU CNU 5VCCVUXQNM YGNEJG UEJQP NCPIG OKV UEJKKVKUEJGP 6GPFGP\GP NGDVGP DTGKVGVG UKEJ FGT 'KPHNWUU FGT UKEJ \WO TGNKIKÌUGP -CORHDWPF TCFKMCNKUKGTGPFGP 5GMVG FGT 5CHCYK[C CWU &GTGP (ÒJTGT FGT EJCTKUOCVKUEJG LWIGPFNKEJG 5J³J +UO³ ÄN YGNEJG XQP GKPKIGP #PJ·PIGTITWRRGP CNU 9KGFGTGTUEJGKPWPI #NÄU WPF FCOKV )QVVGU CPIGUGJGP YWTFG IGNCPI GU PKEJV PWT CD FKG *GTTUEJCHV FGT S 3W[WPNW -QPHÌFGTCVKQP \W ÒDGTPGJOGP UQPFGTP CWEJ WPVGT FGP 6WTMOGPGP <GPVTCN WPF 1UVCPCVQNKGPU YGKVIGJGPF GKPG NQ[CNG #PJ·PIGTUEJCHV \W HKPFGP YGNEJG PCEJ KJTGO 'TMGPPWPIU\GKEJGP GKPGT TQVGP -QRHDGFGEMWPI CNU -i\iNDCq DG\GKEJPGV YWTFGP 'KPG 4GKJG OKNKV·TKUEJGT #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP OKV FKGUGP -i\iNDCq KP #PCVQNKGP HÒJTVG \W 0KGFGTNCIGP FGT QUOCPKUEJGP #TOGG &GT GJGT CWH (TKGFGP IGUQPPGPG KP\YKUEJGP CNV IGYQTFGPG $³[C\ÄF IGTKGV KP FKG -TKVKM UGKPGT 5ÌJPG YGNEJG XGTUEJKGFGPG 2TQXKP\XGTYCNVWPIGP KP #PCVQNKGP CWUÒDVGP &KG DGXQT\WIVGP 5ÌJPG #JOCF WPF 5GNÄO XGTNCPIVGP FKG 0CEJHQNIG WPF GKPG 'PVUEJGKFWPI WPVGTGKPCPFGT YGNEJG CWEJ \WO -TKGI KP FGP NGV\VGP .GDGPULCJTGP $³[C\ÄFU HÒJTVG #O 'PFG YCT FGT XQP FGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP HCXQTKUKGTVG 5GNÄO )GYKPPGT FKGUGT #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP WPF FKG ,CPKVUEJCTGP \YCPIGP $³[C\ÄF \WT #DFCPMWPI 5GKP 6QF YGPKIG 6CIG UR·VGT YKTF XQP GKPKIGP %JTQPKUVGP FGO #WHVTCI 5GNÄOU \WIGUEJTKGDGP

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9141

#MEG * 0QX³T 0QXQ $TFQ $GKFGTUGKVU KPGKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Bâyazîd II. ibn Muhammad II.

ex 9142

ex 9143

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 75 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3CTCVQXC -TCVQXQ $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK\GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK -4 ) FC\W GKPG \GKVIGP·UUKUEJG (·NUEJWPI CWU OKPFGTYGTVKIGO 5KNDGT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9144

1,5:1

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5GTG\ UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 5GTG\ UCPC WPF 2T·IGLCJT QJPG HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5' # C )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9145

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 5GTG\ UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 5GTG\ WPF 2T·IGLCJT

QJPG HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5' # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9146

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5GTG\ $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF

\GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG +OKVCVKQP! I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK 5' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9147

1,5:1

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT U³JKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

Bâyazîd II. ibn Muhammad II.

ex 9149

ex 9148

ex 9150

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #/ ) 5VÒEM &CU NGV\VG 5VÒEM CWH *CNDIGYKEJV UVCTM DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #PSCTC #PMCTC $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP FCXQP GKP 5VÒEM KPMWU IGRT·IV WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK #0 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9151

#MEG * $WTUC $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 6ÄTG $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 6+ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 6TCD\QP $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 6< ) 4 &G\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9154

ex 9156

ex 9155

#MEG * 3CUVCOÑPÄ -CUVCOQPW $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK -5 ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \GJP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3ÑPÄ[C -QP[C $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK -1 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9157

9153

ex 9152

ex 9158

#MEG * )GNKDÑNÄ )GNKDQNW $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK ). ) 2T·IWPI CWH WPIGYÌJPNKEJ DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * )GNKDÑNÄ )GNKDQNW $GKFGTUGKVU KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG /KVVGNNKPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK ). ) 5VÒEM 2T·IWPIGP CWH PQTOCNGP MNGKPGP 5EJTÌVNKPIGP UGJT UEJÌP

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

ex 9160

9159

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT Q , 'FKTPG 0COG KP IGVGKNVGO (GNF 4X QDGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG KP IGVGKNVGO (GNF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT 4 -QTTQUKQPUHNGEM UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , $WTUC (ÒPH XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK $T WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9161

ex 9162

/CPIKT * WPF Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU

8CT 8CT 8CT 8CT 8CT WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , Q /\UV XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK : 8CT 8CT WPF 8CT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5GNÄO + KDP $³[C\ÄF ++ * #&

5GNÄO JCVVG CNU 8GTYCNVGT XQP 6TCD\QP RGTUÌPNKEJG 'THCJTWPIGP KO -TKGI OKV FGP -i\iNDCq IGYKPPGP MÌPPGP WPF CNU 5EJYKGIGTUQJP FGU -JCPU FGT -TKO FKRNQOCVKUEJG $G\KGJWPIGP KO QUOCPKUEJGP 1UVGP #WH FGP 6JTQP IGDTCEJV FWTEJ FKG ,CPKVUEJCTGP WPF PKEJV FWTEJ FKG 2CNCUVUMNCXGP QFGT FWTEJ FKG KOOGT UEJY·EJGT IGYQTFGPG VÒTMKUEJG #TKUVQMTCVKG DGUVCPF UGKPG 2QNKVKM KP GKPGO \WPGJOGPFGP #WUDCW FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGPVTWRRG FKG GT GKPGTUGKVU OKV GKPGT KJO GTIGDGPGP (ÒJTGTUEJKEJV CWU GKIGPGP GJGOCNKIGP 5MNCXGP XGTUCJ WPF FKG GT CPFGTGTUGKVU WPWPVGTDTQEJGP KP ITQG -TKGIG HÒJTVG &GT OKNKV·TKUEJ QRVKOCNG 'KPUCV\ FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGP OKV KJTGT (GNFCTVKNNGTKG WPF #TMGDWUKGTGP NCI KP ITQGP (GNFUEJNCEJVGP WPF KP FGT $TGEJWPI WPF 'TUVÒTOWPI XQP 5V·FVGP 1HHGPDCT ITÒPFGV UKEJ CWH FGTCTVKIGP OKNKV·TVGEJPKUEJGP 'PVYKEMNWPIGP FKG INGKEJ\GKVKIG #WUDKNFWPI FGT FTGK HTÒJPGW\GKVNKEJGP )TQTGKEJG FGU KUNCOKUEJGP 4CWO FGU 1UOCPKUEJGU 4GKEJU FCU 5CHCYKFGPTGKEJU WPF FGU /QIJWNTGKEJU KO ,CJT\GJPV FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU &KG $TGEJWPI ·NVGTGT HGWFCNGT 5VTWMVWTGP YCT FKG 9KTMWPI (ÒT 5GNÄO GORHCJN UKEJ FCJGT FKG *KPYGPFWPI \W )GIPGTP KO KUNCOKUEJGP 1UVGP WPF 5ÒFGP YGNEJG UGKPGP 6TWRRGP KP FGT $GJGTTUEJWPI FGT (GWGTYCHHGP JKPVGTJGTJKPMVGP &QEJ CWEJ UGKPG RGTUÌPNKEJGP 'THCJTWPIGP CNU 2TKP\ YKGUGP KP FKGUG 4KEJVWPI 0CEJ -QPUQNKFKGTWPI WPF UQTIH·NVKIGT 8QTDGTGKVWPI \QI 5GNÄO OKV FGT *·NHVG CNNGT QUOCPKUEJGT 6TWRRGP KO 5QOOGT XQP 6TCD\QP CWU IGIGP 5J³J +UO³ ÄN FGT FCU OKNKV·TKUEJG 7PINGKEJIGYKEJV WPF FKG PCVWTT·WONKEJGP 8QTCWUUGV\WPIGP RT·\KUG GKPUEJ·V\GP MQPPVG WPF FCJGT GKPG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPI KO CTOGPKUEJGP $GTINCPF UWEJVG 5GNÄO YQNNVG FKTGMV CWH FKG *CWRVUVCFV FGU 5CHCYKFGPTGKEJU 6CDTÄ\ XQTFTKPIGP WPF UQ MCO GU DGK CCNFKT³P PQEJ KO )GDKTIG \W GKPGT ITQGP 5EJNCEJV KP FGT DGK DGKFGTUGKVKIGP ITQGP 8GTNWUVGP FKG VGEJPKUEJG ªDGTNGIGPJGKV WPF FGT -QTRUIGKUV FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGP IGIGP FKG 1TVUMGPPVPKU WPF ªDGT\CJN FGT 6WTMOGPGP DGJCWRVGP MQPPVG +PHQNIGFGUUGP MQPPVG 6CDTÄ\ GTQDGTV YGTFGP LGFQEJ QJPG YGKVGTJKP IGJCNVGP YGTFGP \W MÌPPGP &GT CPUEJNKGGPFG 4ÒEM\WI WPVGT YKPVGTNKEJGP $GFKPIWPIGP HQTFGTVG GTPGWV /GPUEJGPNGDGP KP ITQGO 7OHCPI #\GTDC[FUEJCP MCO YKGFGT XQNNUV·PFKI WPVGT UCHCYKFKUEJG -QPVTQNNG &QEJ 5GNÄO DNKGD KO 1UVGP WO FGP -TKGI KP FGT P·EJUVGP 5CKUQP YGKVGT\WHÒJTGP &CU HQNIGPFG ,CJT UCJ FGP GTHQNITGKEJGP 8QTUVQ FGT 1UOCPGP PCEJ 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP *KGT MQPPVG OCP UKEJ CWH FKG -QQRGTCVKQP FGT CNVGP MWTFKUEJGP (GWFCNMNCUUG UVÒV\GP YGNEJG OKV FGT 5EJKKVKUKGTWPI FGT 6ÒTMOGPGP YGPKI CP\WHCPIGP YWUUVG WPF CNU SWCUK

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II. #NVIN·WDKIG KP GKPG TGNKIKÌUG 0·JG \W FGP 1UOCPGP IGTKGV OKF &K[CTDCMKT 4WJ³ 7THC WPF /CTFÄP YWTFGP GKPIGPQOOGP WPF FCWGTJCHV IGJCNVGP +O 9GUVGP YCT FKG QUOCPKUEJG 2QNKVKM KP FGT 'PVOCEJVWPI FGT CNVGP #FGNUUEJKEJV YGKV HQTVIGUEJTKVVGP KO 1UVGP FCIGIGP MQQRGTKGTVG OCP CWU 1RRQTVWPKV·VUITÒPFGP OKV FGO #FGN 5Q YWTFG GVYC KP *KUP -C[H³ WPF KP 4WJ³ HÒT YGPKIG ,CJTG FKG *GTTUEJCHV FGT (COKNKG 5CNCFKPU FGT #[[WDKFGP YKGFGTJGTIGUVGNNV +O GKIGPVNKEJGP #PCVQNKGP YCTGP FKG RTQ UCHCYKFKUEJGP -T·HVG CWEJ PCEJ 8GTVTGKDWPIGP (NWEJV WPF GXGPVWGNNGT 'TOQTFWPI UEJKKVKUEJGT 6WTMOGPGP PKEJV I·P\NKEJ GNKOKPKGTV \GKIVG UKEJ FKGUG VWTMOGPKUEJG 1RRQUKVKQP WPVGT FGT (ÒJTWPI GKPGU UCHCYKFKUEJGP /KUUKQPCTU ,CN³N WPF YWTFG UQINGKEJ XQP FGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP CWUIGOGT\V &GT 0COG FGT #PJ·PIGT FKGUGT $GYGIWPI ,CN³NÄ DNKGD LGFQEJ HÒT ,CJTJWPFGTVG UVGNNXGTVTGVGPF HÒT FGP CPCVQNKUEJGP 9KFGTUVCPF IGIGP FGP <GPVTCNKUOWU -QPUVCPVKPQRGNU DGUVGJGP &KG 'TQDGTWPI XQP 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP DTCEJVG FCU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ KP UEJ·THUVGP )GIGPUCV\ \WO /CONWMGPUWNVCPCV KP 5[TKGP WPF I[RVGP YGNEJGU UGKV ÒDGT ,CJTGP GKPGP 4KGIGN OCONWMKUEJ DGJGTTUEJVGP $GTINCPFGU \YKUEJGP 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP WPF FGO CNVGP -CTCOCPKFGPIGDKGV VGKNYGKUG FKTGMV VGKNYGKUG FWTEJ FKG &JÑ N SCFT 6WTMOGPGP JKGNV WO FCOKV GKPG UKEJGTG 8GTDKPFWPI XQP 5[TKGP \WO 5EJYCT\GP /GGT \W ICTCPVKGTGP #WEJ WO FKG 8QTJGTTUEJCHV KP -KNKMKGP ICD GU GKPGP <CPMCRHGN \YKUEJGP FGP DGKFGP 4GKEJGP +P FGT #DY·IWPI \YKUEJGP YGKVGTGO #PITKHH CWH FGP UCHCYKFKUEJGP +TCP WPF FGO OCONWMKUEJGP 0CJGP 1UVGP VTCH 5GNÄO FKG 'PVUEJGKFWPI IGIGP FCU NGKEJVGTG 1RHGT FKG /CONWMGP +P GKPGO (GNF\WI FGT CP FKG YGPKIG ,CJTG UR·VGT HQNIGPFGP *GNFGPVCVGP FGT URCPKUEJGP %QPSWKUVCFQTGU KP 5ÒF WPF /KVVGNCOGTKMC GTKPPGTV OCTUEJKGTVG 5GNÄO OKV UGKPGP *GGTGP PCEJ FGT CPH·PINKEJGP UKGITGKEJGP 5EJNCEJV XQP /CTL &³DKS CO #WIWUV KP FGT FGT /CONWMGPUWNVCP FGP 6QF HCPF FWTEJ 5[TKGP WO FGP GTPGWVGP 9KFGTUVCPF FGT ·I[RVKUEJGP /CONWMGP WPVGT 6ÑO³PD³[ #PHCPI ,CPWCT DGK 4C[F³PÄ[C OKV IGHCNNGPGP 8GTVGKFKIGTP \W DTGEJGP -CKTQ YWTFG CPUEJNKGGPF KP FTGK 6CIGP GTQDGTV WPF UGKPG $KDNKQVJGMGP WPF GKP 6GKN UGKPGT )GNGJTVGP U[UVGOCVKUEJ PCEJ -QPUVCPVKPQRGN VTCPUHGTKGTV FCU HQTVCP CNU <GPVTWO FGT +UNCOKUEJGP 9GNV IGNVGP MQPPVG #WEJ FCU CDDCUKFKUEJG 5EJCVVGPMCNKHCV XQP -CKTQ UQNN FCOCNU CWH FGP 1UOCPGPUWNVCP ÒDGTIGICPIGP UGKP YCU CDGT MCWO TKEJVKI UGKP MCPP FC FGT NGV\VG #DDCUKFGPMCNKH PQEJ KP -CKTQ COVKGTV WPF FCU -CNKHCV KP QUOCPKUEJGT 6KVWNCVWT GTUV GKPKIG )GPGTCVKQPGP UR·VGT YKGFGTDGNGDV YWTFG &KG /CONWMGP FKG UKEJ FGO 1UOCPGPUVCCV WPVGTYCTHGP YWTFGP KP I[RVGP DGNCUUGP WPF FWTHVGP UKEJ CWEJ KO 5KPPG FGT QUOCPKUEJGP .CPFGUXGTYCNVWPI FWTEJ 0GWM·WHG XQP 5MNCXGP KP KJTGP 4GKJGP GTI·P\GP 'KP QUOCPKUEJGT 5VCVVJCNVGT VTCV LGYGKNU CP FKG 5VGNNG FGU OCONWMKUEJGP 5WNVCPU WPF UGKPGT TGIKQPCNGP 8K\GMÌPKIG KP &COCUMWU WPF #NGRRQ &KG #WUYKTMWPIGP FGT 'KPXGTNGKDWPI WPF 6TCPUHGTKGTWPI FGU CNVGP <GPVTWOU FGT +UNCOKUEJGP 9GNV PCEJ -QPUVCPVKPQRGN VTWI LGFQEJ PKEJV PWT MQNQPKCNKUVKUEJG <ÒIG UQPFGTP GU DTCEJVG FGP DKU FCJKP QUVOGFKVGTTCPGP 1UOCPGPUVCCV OKV CNN UGKPGP XKGNH·NVKIGP TGIKQPCNGP $GUQPFGTJGKVGP KP FKG 6TCFKVKQP KUNCOKUEJGT 5VCCVGP FGU 0CJGP 1UVGPU #WEJ /GMMC WPF /GFKPC IGTKGVGP KPHQNIG FGT #PGKIPWPI FGU /CONWMGPUWNVCPCVU KP FKG QUOCPKUEJG *QJGKV WPF UGNDUV FGT ;GOGP UQNNVG YGPKIG ,CJTG UR·VGT QUOCPKUEJ YGTFGP FC FCU /CONWMGPUWNVCPCV FKG -ÒUVGPGDGPG FGU ;GOGP WPOKVVGNDCT XQT UGKPGO 'PFG GTQDGTV JCVVG 0CEJ -QPUVCPVKPQRGN \WTÒEMIGMGJTV UVCTD 5GNÄO

ex 9164

ex 9163

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 0QX³T 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT # % % 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT 8CT 8CT 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5GTG\ WPF 3CTCVQXC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9166

1,5:1

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 5GTG\ UCPC WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK 5' # C )1.& 44 -NGKPGU .QEJ XQT\ÒINKEJ

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

9167

9168

5WNVCPK * 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P FCTD C\\C PCUTCJW 5GTG\ UCPC HÄ FCU 9QTV HÄ KO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ OKV GKPGO -PQVGP DGNGIV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM \W 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK 5' # D )1.& 44 #O 4CPF HNCW UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P FCTD C\\C PCUTCJW 5GTG\ UCPC HÄ FCU 9QTV HÄ KO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ OKV GKPGO -PQVGP DGNGIV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM \W 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK 5< # D )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9169

9171

9170

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD OKF UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK #& # C 4X # D #X )1.& 44 'VYCU DGUEJPKVVGP UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD OKF UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 5VGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTJGTIGJGPFGP 'ZGORNCT I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK #& # C 4X # D #X )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD HÄ UCPC OKF FCU 9QTV HÄ KO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ OKV GKPGO FQRRGNVGP -PQVGP DGNGIV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK #& # C FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD OKF UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK #& # F )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9172

9173

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 4WJ³ 7THC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 4WJ³ UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK 4* # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

9174

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK - # C )1.& 44 $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9176

9175

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK - # E 8CT )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P FCTD C\\C PCUTCJW 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG FCTCWH GKP -PQVGP I *' 8CT #TVWM 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK - # F )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9178

9177

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P FCTD C\\C PCUTCJW 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C UCPC HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG FCTCWH GKP FQRRGNVGT WPF GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP I *' 8CT #TVWM 2GTG 8CT ¤N¼GT &COCNK - # G )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /³TFÄP 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P $³[C\ÄF C\\C PCUTCJW MJ³P FCTD UCPC /³TFÄP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG FCTCWH GKP -PQVGP I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT XIN 2GTG

CPFGTGT 4GXGTUV[R ¤N¼GT &COCNK /$ # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9179

ex 9180

ex 9181

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 'FKTPG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #O³UK[C 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I ¤N¼GT E &COCNK #/ ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #PSCTC #PMCTC $TÑUC $WTUC 5VÒEM WPF 6ÄTG 8CT 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT 8CT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

ex 9183

9182

ex 9185

9187

9186

#MEG = ? * ,C\ÄTC %K\TG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I ¤N¼GT

WPVGT %KFFG &COCNK %+ ) C 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * -JÄ\³P *K\CP 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I ¤N¼GT &COCNK *< ) E 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK - ) C HH 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * 3ÑPK[C -QP[C 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK -1 ) C 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * .CTGPFG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK .4 ) D 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * /³TFÄP 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT OKV FQRRGNVGO -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /$ ) D 4 4X FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

.QV XQP PGWP #MEG * QFGT ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT OKV WPFGWVNKEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDGP CWU FGT 5COONWPI &T 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC 5VÒEM 5EJÌP QFGT DGUUGT

9189 9190

ex 9192

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT Q , OKF &K[CTDCMKT 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU KP HÒPHUGKVKIGT DNÒVGPDGUGV\VGT 'KPHCUUWPI I 2GTG ¤N¼GT -CDCMNCTNK 4 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 0COG KO 8KGTRCUU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP 5GEJURCUU I -CDCMNCTNK #OF &QRRGNUEJNCI PQEJ UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * 'FKTPG &CVWO KP FTGK 4CPFHGNFGTP WO GKP &TGKGEM 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP FTGK (GNFGTP WO GKPGP MNGKPGP \GPVTCNGP &TGKRCUU FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #FT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT : WPF Q , CN *KUP *CUCPMG[H <YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV /ÒP\UV·VVG KP 8KWGTRCUU D\Y KP 5VGTPIGHNGEJV WPF I -CDCMNCTNK *U WPF 8CTKCPVG 5VÒEM &CU \YGKVG 5VÒEM OKV )TÒPURCPHNGEMGP UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9193

ex 9194

/CPIKT 5VÒEM WPF 5VÒEM 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU WPF 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , /³TFÄP <YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /CF WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

1,5:1

9195

1,5:1

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

#UJTCHK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW *CNCD FCTD HÄ UCPC NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK *2 # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U 1MVQDGT

9196 1,5:1

1,5:1

#UJTCHK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW *CNCD FCTD HÄ UCPC NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG FGU #XGTU \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK *2 # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9197

#UJTCHK = ? * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW =FWTKDC DK FK?O=KUJS? 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP YGNEJG FWTEJ -CDGN IGVTGPPV YGTFGP I *' XIN #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 44 -PCRRGT 5EJTÌVNKPI PCEJ (CDTKM FGT OCONWMKUEJGP #UJTCHK XQP &COCUMWU UGJT UEJÌP

9198

1,5:1

#UJTCHK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW =FWTKDC DK FK?O=KUJS? 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP YGNEJG FWTEJ -CDGN IGVTGPPV YGTFGP I *' #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 5GJT UGNVGP DGUQPFGTU OKV FGWVNKEJGP &CVGP )TÌGTGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9199

ex 9200

5[TKGP 5KNDGT WPF -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * *CNCD #NGRRQ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT HH &COCNK *2 ) 4 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP WPF * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I 2GTG ¤N¼GT WPF &COCNK &/ ) WPF 44 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

Selîm I. ibn Bâyazîd II.

9201

/CPIKT = ? * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X -PQVGP KO -TGKU FCTWO CO 4CPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK *ND 5GJT UEJÌP

9202

1,5:1

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

#UJTCHK = ? * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P HÄ UCPC = ? DK OKUT C\\C PCUTCJW 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /5 # F )1.& 44 'KP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

9203

9203 1,5:1

#UJTCHK = ? * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW UCPC =FWTKDC DK /KUT ] ? 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /5 # G )1.& 44 #XGTU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

1,5:1

9204

1,5:1

#UJTCHK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KDP $³[C\ÄF MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FWTKDC UCPC DK /KUT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP XKGT <GKNGP CNU FTKVVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ OKV GKPGO FQRRGNVGP WPF GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP DGNGIV I *' #TVWM 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /5 # H )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV #NNG &CVGP IWV NGUDCT UGJT UEJÌP

9205

9206

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * /KUT -CKTQ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X F³TKD CP PCFT I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /5 ) C 4 <WO 6GKN UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP ! * /KUT -CKTQ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X F³TKD CP PCFT \YGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG I 2GTG ¤N¼GT &COCNK /5 ) C 4 <WO 6GKN UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

5WNC[O³P + KDP 5GNÄO + * #&

&KG NCPIG 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV 5WNC[O³PU FGT KP 'WTQRC FGT 2T·EJVKIG IGPCPPV YWTFG IKNV PKEJV PWT FGP #PJ·PIGTP GKPGU UKORNGP JKUVQTKUEJGP /QFGNNU XQO #WHUVKGI WPF 0KGFGTICPI KP FGT F[PCUVKUEJGP )GUEJKEJVG CNU FGT *ÌJGRWPMV FGT /CEJVGPVHCNVWPI WPF 8KVCNKV·V FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU 6TQV\ FGU HTÒJGP 6QFGU UGKPGU 8CVGTU JCVVG 5WNC[O³P DGTGKVU 8GTYCNVWPIU WPF /KNKV·TGTHCJTWPI CNU KJO FKG 5VCCVU HÒJTWPI \WHKGN QJPG )GIPGTUEJCHV XQP $TÒFGTP &CTÒDGT JKPCWU MQPPVG GT ÒDGT FCU ,CPKVUEJCTGPMQTRU CNU XQNN HWPMVKQPUH·JKIGU *GTTUEJCHVUKPUVTWOGPV KP GKPGO YKTVUEJCHVNKEJ HNQTKGTGPFGP WPF KPPGTNKEJ IGGKPVGP KUNCOKUEJGP 5VCCV XGTHÒIGP 'KPG FGT GTUVGP UVCCVUO·PPKUEJGP #WHICDGP FGT UKEJ 5WNC[O³P WPVGT\QI DGUVCPF KP FGT 8QNNGPFWPI FGT XQP /WJCOOCF ++ DGIQPPGPGP 5COONWPI WPF -QFKHK\KGTWPI FGT 4GEJVUXGTJ·NVPKUUG \YKUEJGP 5VCCV WPF 7PVGTVCPGP KP CNN UGKPGT TGIKQPCNGP 8KGNHCNV &C\W YWTFG FCU )GTKEJVUYGUGP MNCT UVTWMVWTKGTV WPF ,WTKUVGP XQO 5VCCV CPIGUVGNNV &KG 7PVGTVCPGP ICDGP 5WNC[O³P FCJGT FGP DKU JGWVG IGDT·WEJNKEJGP $GKPCOGP FGT )GUGV\IGDGT 3³PÑPÄ -CPWPK &KGUGT 5WNVCP YCT CDGT CWEJ GKP GPICIKGTVGT 5VTCVGIG FGT FKG /GJT\CJN FGT GWTQR·KUEJGP (GNF\ÒIG RGTUÌPNKEJ HÒJTVG &GT GTUVG DGUVCPF KP FGT 0KGFGTUEJNCIWPI GKPGU /CONWMGPCWHUVCPFGU KP &COCUMWU FGO YGPKIG ,CJTG UR·VGT CWEJ PQEJ GKP XGTINGKEJDCTGT #WHUVCPF KP I[RVGP HQNIVG &CU HÒJTVG NGV\VNKEJ \WT #WUJCPFNWPI UVCDKNGT 8GTJ·NVPKUUG \YKUEJGP FGP /CONWMGP WPF FGT <GPVTCNG KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN YGNEJG UR·VGT CWEJ CWH FCU QUOCPKUEJG $CIJFCF ÒDGTVTCIGP YWTFGP #WH FGP &COCUMWU (GNF\WI HQNIVG GKPG IGRNCPVG 'TQDGTWPI P·ONKEJ FKG XQP 4JQFQU FGT NGV\VGP $CUVKQP GKPGU 4KVVGTQTFGPU KO ÌUVNKEJGP /KVVGNOGGT HÒJTVGP FKG 'THQNIG 5WNC[OCPU \WO XQNNUV·PFKIGP #D\WI FGT ,QJCPPKVGTTKVVGT PCEJ /CNVC &CU ÌUVNKEJG /KVVGNOGGT YCT FCOKV HÒT FKG QUOCPKUEJG 5GGHCJTV UKEJGT IGYQTFGP &C JKGT MGKPG )GHCJT OGJT HÒT FCU -GTPIGDKGV FGU 1UOCPGPTGKEJGU FTQJVG YCPFVG UKEJ 5WNC[O³P 7PICTP \W YQ FGT 'KPHNWUU FGU *CWUGU *CDUDWTI OKV FGT 'KPUGV\WPI FGU LWPIGP -ÌPKIU .WFYKI IGYCEJUGP YCT +P FGT -QPHTQPVCVKQP DGK /QJCEU MQPPVG FKG QUOCPKUEJG #TVKNNGTKG FKG 'PVUEJGKFWPI JGTDGKHÒJTGP WPF FGT PQEJ LWPIG -ÌPKI HKGN KP FGT 5EJNCEJV &CTCWH GKIPGVG UKEJ FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ 7PICTP CNU GKIGPGU 5VCCVUIGDKGV CP &KG *CDUDWTIKUEJGP 2CTVGKI·PIGT PWV\VGP KO HQNIGPFGP ,CJT FKG 0QVYGPFKIMGKV 5WNC[O³PU KP 1UVCPCVQNKGP GKPGP 6WTMOGPGPCWHUVCPF PKGFGT\WUEJNCIGP WO GKPGP PGWGP WPICTKUEJGP -ÌPKI KJTGT 9CJN KP 7PICTP \W KPUVCNNKGTGP 'TPGWV \QI 5WNC[O³P IGIGP 7PICTP FGUUGP -ÌPKI UKEJ KJO WPVGTYCTH WPF YGKVGT YQFWTEJ \WT GTUVGP QUOCPKUEJGP $GNCIGTWPI XQP 9KGP MCO *KGT MCO GTUVOCNU GKPG PGWG #NNKCP\ \YKUEJGP FGO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ WPF FGO \YKUEJGP *CDUDWTIGT 5VCCVGP GKPIGMTGKUVGP (TCPMTGKEJ \WO VTCIGP &KG (TCP\QUGP UEJNQUUGP CDGT KP KJTGT #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPI OKV -CTN 8 HTÒJ\GKVKI (TKGFGP WPF FGP 6ÒTMGP IGNCPI GU PKEJV 9KGP XQT FGO 9KPVGT GKP\WPGJOGP UQ FCUU UKG UKEJ YKGFGT \WTÒEM\QIGP #WEJ XQP GKPGT YGKVGTGP +PXCUKQP ¤UVGTTGKEJU \QI UKEJ FCU QUOCPKUEJG *GGT QJPG GKPG ITQG 5EJNCEJV UEJNCIGP \W MÌPPGP \WTÒEM YQTCWH KO HQNIGPFGP ,CJT GKP (TKGFGPUXGTVTCI FGP ITÌVGP 6GKN 7PICTPU DGKO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ DGNKG /KV UKEJGTGP 8GTJ·NVPKUUGP KO 0QTFGP YCPFVG UKEJ FCU QUOCPKUEJG *GGT PWP IGIGP FGP UCHCYKFKUEJGP +TCP 9KG KP 1UVGTTGKEJ XGTOKGFGP FKG 8GTVGKFKIGT ITQG 5EJNCEJVGP WPF XGTVTCWVGP CWH NQIKUVKUEJG 2TQDNGOG FGT +PXCUQTGP OKV FGO 'KPDTWEJ FGU 9KPVGTU &KG 1UOCPGP YKEJGP FGUJCND KP FGP +TCM CWU FGT UGKVJGT WPVGT KJTGT *GTTUEJCHV DNKGD 5GKPG (NQVVG DGPWV\VG FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ PKEJV YGPKIGT CMVKX CNU OKV UGKPGP .CPFUVTGKVMT·HVGP +O YGUVNKEJGP /KVVGNOGGT JCVVG 5RCPKGP GKPG 4GKJG XQP 5VÒV\RWPMVGP GPVNCPI FGT PQTFCHTKMCPKUEJGP -ÒUVG GTQDGTV WPF \YGK FGT UR·VOKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP KUNCOKUEJGP 4GKEJG FKG <K[CPKFGP XQP 6KNKOU³P WPF FKG *CHUKFGP KP 6WPKU \W 8CUCNNGPUVCCVGP IGOCEJV 7O FCU YGKVGTG 8QTFTKPIGP FGT 5RCPKGT KO KUNCOKUEJGP 4CWO \W XGTJKPFGTP GTQDGTVGP QUOCPKUEJG 6TWRRGP WPVGT FGO #NDCPGT -JC[T CF FÄP $CTDCTQUUC #NIGTKGP \GKVYGKNKI CWEJ 6WPGUKGP &WTEJ FKG 'TQDGTWPI FGU +TCM WPF CWEJ FWTEJ FKG 'KPPCJOG FGU ;GOGP OKV YKEJVKIGP *CHGPUV·FVGP YKG #FCP KO ;GOGP WPF $CUTC GTJKGNV FCU 4GKEJ ÒDGT FGP )QNH <WICPI \WO +PFKUEJGP 1\GCP &CFWTEJ DGUVCPF FKG /ÌINKEJMGKV WPVGT 7OIGJWPI FGU +TCP CO +PFKGP WPF (GTPQUVJCPFGN #PVGKN \W JCDGP 8QP #PHCPI CP MQPMWTTKGTVGP QUOCPKUEJG (NQVVGP FKG CWEJ TKPIU WO FKG CTCDKUEJG *CNDKPUGN CMVKX YCTGP OKV 2QTVWIKGUGP &GT ;GOGP YWTFG \WT <GKV 5WNC[O³PU HCUV XQNNUV·PFKI WPVGT QUOCPKUEJG -QPVTQNNG IGDTCEJV Y·JTGPF FKG 2QTVWIKGUGP KJTG 2QUKVKQP KP 7OCP WPF *QTOW\ CWUDCWGP MQPPVGP 7PVGT 5WNC[O³P GTTGKEJVG FCOKV FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ UGKPG ITÌVG #WUFGJPWPI WPF YGNVRQNKVKUEJG )GNVWPI 58

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I. &KG \YGKVG *·NHVG FGT NCPIGP 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV XQP 5WNC[O³P UVCPF UV·TMGT WPVGT FGO $GOÒJGP FCU 'TTGKEJVG \W MQPUQNKFKGTGP )NGKEJ\GKVKI GPVURCPPVGP UKEJ KO 2CNCUV +PVTKIGP WPF -·ORHG WO FKG #PYCTVUEJCHVGP XQP 2TKP\GP #WEJ FCU )TQYGUKTCV MCO KP FKG *·PFG FGU JCWRVU·EJNKEJ CO #WUDCW FGT GKIGPGP 2QUKVKQP KPVGTGUUKGTVGP 5QMQNNW /WJCOOCF 2³UJ³ &GT YKTVUEJCHVNKEJG #WHUEJYWPI FGT GTUVGP ,CJT\GJPVG JCVVG KO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ UQ YKG CWEJ \GKVINGKEJ KP /KVVGNGWTQRC WPF KP +VCNKGP \W GKPGO GTJGDNKEJGP $GXÌNMGTWPIUYCEJUVWO XQP TWPF CWH /KNNKQPGP /GPUEJGP IGHÒJTV *KGT YKG FQTV HÒJTVG FCU \WT <WURKV\WPI FGT UQ\KCNGP 8GTJ·NVPKUUG W C \WT 9CJN \YKUEJGP UKPMGPFGP .ÌJPGP QFGT FGT 8GTUEJNGEJVGTWPI FGU 5KNDGTIGNFGU &CU 8GTJ·NVPKU \YKUEJGP FGO 1UOCPKUEJGP WPF FGO &GWVUEJGP 4GKEJ IGUVCNVGVG UKEJ WPVGT FKGUGP 7OUV·PFGP KPUIGUCOV HTKGFNKEJGT -TKGIG YWTFGP GJGT OKV FGO +TCP QFGT OKV FGP 2QTVWIKGUGP KO )QNH CWUIGVTCIGP YQ GU VCVU·EJNKEJ GVYCU \W IGYKPPGP ICD +P UGKPGO NGV\VGP .GDGPULCJT GTNGDVG 5WNC[O³P PQEJOCNU GKPKIG GTHQNITGKEJG -TKGIU\ÒIG OKV MNGKPGP CDGT YKEJVKIGP 'TQDGTWPIGP P·ONKEJ %JKQU FCU DKU FCJKP PQEJ WPVGT IGPWGUKUEJGT *GTTUEJCHV IGUVCPFGP JCVVG WPF 5\GIGVXCT KP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP 5WNC[O³P UVCTD MWT\ FCTCWH CO 5GRVGODGT

9207

1,5:1

5GTDKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG $GNITCF 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG PCEJ FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK $' # 5TGiMQXKi 5 )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9208

1,5:1

9209

9210

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG -ÑcCKPC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ KP FCTD OKV FGO MWT\GP 9QTV HÄ NKIKGTV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK -7 # C 5TGiMQXKi 5 QDGP )1.& 4 (GKPGT 5VKN IWVGU UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG -ÑcCKPC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV GKPGO MNGKPGP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ KP FCTD OKV FGO MWT\GP 9QTV HÄ NKIKGTV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK JKD KP U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI FGT <GKNGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK -7 # D 5TGiMQXKi 5 WPVGP )1.& 4 (NCWG 4CPFRCTVKG UGJT UEJÌP

CWU 5COONWPI 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG -ÑiCKPC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV GKPGO MNGKPGP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ NKIKGTV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK -7 # 8CT 5TGiMQXKi 5 FKGUG 8CTKCPVG PKEJV )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9211

ex 9212

ex 9213

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * $GNITCF 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK $' ) C WPF ) 4 5VÒEM &CU \YGKVG 5VÒEM \WO 6GKN UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * -ÑiC[PC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 6[RGP KP HÒPH 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK -7 ) WPF ) 5VÒEM 6GKNU HNCWG 4CPFRCTVKGP UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0QXCDGTFC 0QXQ $TFQ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 6[RGP KP HÒPH 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK 08 ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0QXCT 0QXQ $TFQ! 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 6[RGP KP HÒPH 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 8CT &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9215

1,5:1

$QUPKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG 5GTDGTPÄcC 5TGDTGPKEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG PCEJ FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK 54 # C 5TGiMQXKi 5 QDGP )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP CWU 5COONWPI 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

$QUPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9216

#MEG * 5TGDTGPKEC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK 54 ) 5VÒEM 6GKNU HNCWG 4CPFRCTVKGP UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9217

1,5:1

/C\GFQPKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 2T·IGRGTKQFG ! 3CTCVWYC -TCVQXQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK JKD FGT 4GXGTUCWHUEJTKHV U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI FGT <GKNGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK JKD KP U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI FGT <GKNGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGP \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT OKVVNGTGP <GKNG LG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK -4 # 5TGiMQXKi 5 WPVGP )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U 1MVQDGT &GT #XGTUUVGORGN \GKIV GKPGP KPVGTGUUCPVGP +TTVWO FGU 5VGORGNUEJPGKFGTU FGT \WP·EJUV CWEJ KO #XGTUUVGORGN FKG \WT <GKNGPVTGPPWPI FGT 4GXGTUCWHUEJTKHV FKGPGPFGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP J³ D³ FGU 9QTVGU U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI ITCXKGTVG FCPP QHHGPDCT FGP (GJNGT DGOGTMVG 'T FGWVGVG FCU J³ D³ \W MJ³ CNKH WO KO <WUCOOGPJCPI FGU 6KVGNU MJ³P FGU 5WNVCPUXCVGTU WPF QTFPGVG UQ FGP #XGTUVGZV CP &KG #TV FGT (GJNGTMQTTGMVWT FGWVGV FCTCWH FCU #XGTU WPF 4GXGTUUVGORGN CNU 2CCT IGUEJPKVVGP YWTFGP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9218

ex 9220

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 75 ) HH 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV OGKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3CTCVQXC -TCVQXQ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK -T ) HH 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

4WO·PKGP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

#MEG * /ÑF³YC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK /& ) C 4GXGTU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

9221

9222

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO 'PFG FGT XKGTVGP <GKNG FQRRGNVGT .KPKGPMTGKU WO #XGTU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK JKD KP U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI FGT <GKNGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # 8CT )1.& )GYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK D³ KP F³TKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU 6TGPPWPI FGT <GKNGP NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9223

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT YKG XQTJGT LGFQEJ CPFGTG 5VGORGN I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG FCDGK OKV D³ FGU 9QTVGU FCTD NKIKGTV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT YKG XQTJGT LGFQEJ CPFGTG 5VGORGN I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9225

9224

9226

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ \WTÒEJIGDQIGP ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ \WTÒEMIGDQIGP ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9228

9227

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9229

9230

9231

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD NGIKGTV OKV FGO FCTÒDGTUVGJGPFGP HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK 5& # 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD OKV FGO FCTÒDGTUVGJGPFGP HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D8CT )1.& 'VYCU IGYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT XKGTVGP <GKNG FCU ,CJT ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # C FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT CDIGDKNFGV )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ .QV

9232

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU MNGKPGU HÄ UCPC OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ JKPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4GX 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP .QV

9233

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT XKGTVGP <GKNG FCU ,CJT JKPVGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ .QV

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9234

9235

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD OKV HÄ NKIKGTV CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ .QV

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG HÄ FCU ,CJT JKPVGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # H 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9236

9237

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG HÄ FCU ,CJT JKPVGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 5VGORGNXCTGKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # H 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9239

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG HÄ FCU ,CJT JKPVGT FGO 9QTV UCPC GKPG YGKVGTG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # H 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU IGPCW YKG XQTJGT QJPG HÄ WPF FCU ,CJT JKPVGT FGO 9QTV UCPC PWT FCU 9QTV FCTD CPFGTU CPIGQTFPGV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # H 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9240

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG HÄ GKP UVGORGNINGKEJGU \YGKVGU I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # H 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9238

9241

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU [³ KO 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT XKGTVGP <GKNG OKV FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP NKIKGTV FCU ,CJT ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD ÒDGT HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT XKGTVGP <GKNG FCU ,CJT XQT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # E 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9243

9242

9244

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG HÄ FCU 9QTV UCPC JKPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FKG ,CJTGU\CJN CNNGKPUVGJGPF XQP 4KPIGNP IGTCJOV KP FGT NGV\VGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D 8CT )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ NGIKGTV OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ KP F³TKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU <GKNGPVTGPPWPI I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9245

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ NGIKGTV OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ CNU <GKNGPVTGPPWPI I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK )1.& 5GJT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG FGU 6KVGNU 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQPU /CK .QV 0T

9246

9247

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5GNÄO 5J³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ UCPC WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ KP F³TKD NCPI CWUIG\QIGP WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # C 8CT )1.& 'VYCU IGYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5GNÄO 5J³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP \YGK <GKNGP WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ UCPC WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP 5VCEM U &G\GODGT .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9248

9249

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5GNÄO 5J³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP \YGK <GKNGP WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5GNÄO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP \YGK <GKNGP WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ UCPC WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # D FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 5GJT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG FGT 6KVWNCVWT 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT O .QV 0T

9250

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO -J³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\UV·VVGPHQTOGN QJPG HÄ WPF ,CJT 4X MWT\GT 6KVGN U³JKD CP PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC P PCUT HÄ N DCJT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP 5GRVGODGT .QV 0T

9251

9252

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO -J³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG KP GKPGT <GKNG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\UV·VVGPHQTOGN OKV HÄ WPF ,CJT 4X MWT\GT 6KVGN U³JKD CP PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC P PCUT HÄ N DCJT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK Q , WPF Q /\UV YQJN 5KFTG 3CRUÄ *[DTKF XQP \YGK 4GXGTUUVGORGNP CWH FGT GTUVGP 5GKVG 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ \W #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG CNKH N³O KP CN DCJT QDGP OKVGKPCPFGT XGTDWPFGP CWH FGT \YGKVGP 5GKVG FKGUGNDG #WHUEJTKHV LGFQEJ HÄ CNU FTKVVG XQP XKGT <GKNGP OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ I 2GTG \W IGPCWGT 'PVURTGEJWPI QJPG 5VGORGNINGKEJJGKV FGU GTUVGP 5VGORGN XIN 2GTG WPF #TVWM 5WNC[OCP )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9253

9254

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK 5< # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG FCTÒDGT UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9255

9256

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG FCTÒDGT UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # D )1.& )WVGU UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9257

9258

9259

5WNVCPK * 5KTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO KP \YGK <GKNGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP 5VGTP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ P FGT NKPMGP 5GKVG KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC OKV GKPGO -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG FGU 9QTVGU WPF FCTWPVGTTGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG KP FGT /KVVG GKPG 4QUGVVG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP UGEJUURKV\KIGT 5VGTP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN QJPG UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG KP FGT /KVVG GKP MNGKPGT 5VGTP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # E )1.& )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P IGPCW YKG XQTJGT LGFQEJ OKPKOCN CDYGKEJGPFGP #XGTUUVGORGN I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # E )1.& &QRRGNUEJNCI FCDGK 5EJTÌVNKPI \YKUEJGP FGP 5EJ·IGP IGYGPFGV UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9260

9261

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UJ³J 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP WPFGWVNKEJGT 5VGTP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG FCTÒDGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN QJPG UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG KP FGT /KVVG GKP ITQGT UGEJUURKV\KIGT 5VGTP I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # E 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 5GTG\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPF UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I. )TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE XIN WPF &COCNK 5& ) HH 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP GKPKIG DGUUGT

9263

9264

ex 9266

ex 9265

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG FCTWPVGT C\\C PCUTCJW 4X MJCNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK 5& ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG KO -TGKU 4X MJCNCFC OWNMCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE HH &COCNK 5& ) C 4 -PCRRGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5GTG\ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK 5' ) C E 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

#MEG * 5KTÑ\ 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP FCDGK GKPG OKV DGKFGTUGKVKIGT MTGKUHÌTOKIGT #WHUEJTKHV WPF I #TVWM WPF 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK 5< ) HH KPEN ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

9267

9268

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP 5WNV³P 5GNÄO 5J³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC XQT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN GKPG HÒPHDN·VVTKIG $NÒVG ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # F 8CT )1.& /KPKOCN DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC WPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN GKP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # F 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9269

9270

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC WPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN GKP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC WPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN GKPG MNGKPG 4QUGVVG ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

CWU +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQP /CK .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9272

9271

9273

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC ÒDGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN GKP 4KPIGN ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO JCNDNCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO JCNDNCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9274

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 7PIGYÌJPNKEJGT HTÒJGT 5VKN -NGKPGU .QEJ 2T·IWPI CWH ITQGO 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9275

9276

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC WPF GKP -PQVGP QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9278

9277

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC WPF GKP -PQVGP QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ #XGTU UVGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTJGTIGJGPFGP 4GXGTU +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC OKV GKPGO -PQVGP XQT FGT <CJN QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9279

9280

9281

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO JCNDNCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO JCNDNCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP FCTD #OKF UCPC QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV FGO 9QTV HÄ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # D 8CT )1.& 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

9282

9283

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP #OKF UCPC /ÒP\\GKEJGP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVG 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # G UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP #OKF UCPC /ÒP\\GKEJGP WOIGMGJTVGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVG 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9285

9284

9286

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG YKG XQTJGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP #OKF UCPC /ÒP\\GKEJGP HÒPHDN·VVTKIG $NÒVG ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVG 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP IGVTGPPV FWTEJ FKG NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # E )1.& )WVGT 5VKN UGJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI /CE-GP\KG

5WNVCPK * 'FKTPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGP 9QTV HÄ CNU WPVGTUVG <GKNGP #OKF UCPC /ÒP\\GKEJGP -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVG 9QTVGU UWNV³P 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK '& # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #/ # UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG 'KP 8KGTVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

#WU 5COONWPI /CE-GP\KG

9287

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK #/ # D

UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9289

9288

9290

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPF ,CJT WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF KO 9QTV UCPC QJPG <·JPEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK #/ # C UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9291

9292

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ DGK FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #/ # G UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ DGK FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG OKV FGO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJ I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #/ # G UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& /KPKOCNGT 4CPFUEJNCI XQT\ÒINKEJ

9293

9294

5WNVCPK * #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ DGK FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKP YGKVGTGU UVGORGNINGKEJGU 'ZGORNCT I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #/ # G UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 1JPG UKEJVDCTG $GUEJPGKFWPI WPVGTIGYKEJVKI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * $TÑUC $WTUC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ JKPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP OKV <·JPEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK $7 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9295

5WNVCPK * $TÑUC $WTUC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ JKPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP QJPG <·JPEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK $7 # C #X UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * $TÑUC $WTUC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ JKPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP QJPG <·JPEJGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG WPVGP CO 4CPF GKP -PQVGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK $7 # C #X UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9296

9297 1,5:1

5WNVCPK * ,³PL³ %CPEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK %# # )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9298

5WNVCPK * ,³PL³ %CPEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU 5WNC[O³P 5J³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK %# # )1.& 4 -NGKPGT 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU KO +PPGTP UGJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

9299 1,5:1

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 4WJ³ 7THC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO MWT\GO [³ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 4* # )1.& 44 2T·IWPI CWH DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI )GUVQRHVGU .QEJ UGJT UEJÌP

9300

9301

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # G )1.& 4 1DGTHN·EJG IGFTÒEMV PQEJ UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ DGKO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 4 4GXGTU &QRRGNUEJNCI OKV IGFTGJVGO 5VGORGN UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG 9QTV HÄ OKV FGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ FGU 9QTVGU FCTD NKIKGTV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP -ÒPMGT /·T\ .QV 0T

9303

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # G )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQP /CK .QV 0T

9302

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9305

9304

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJV WPF <CJN NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU WPF <CJN NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9307

9306

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU WPF <CJN NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP DGKFGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 0QXGODGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJV WPF <CJN NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9308

9309

9310

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPF NKIKGTV FGO D³ FGU 9QTVGU FCTD CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU WPF <CJN NKPMU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9311

9312

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO WPF OKV GKPGO -PQVGP XGTUGJGPGP [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9313

9314

9315

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO WPF KP FGT /KVVG XQP GKPGO -PQVGP WPVGTDTQEJGPGP [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

9316

9317

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9318

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9321

9320

9319

9322

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG <GKEJPWPIU WPF +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP #RTKN .QV 0T

9323

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5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIGO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPG YGKVGTG <GKEJPWPIU WPF +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FKG $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ LGYGKNU OKV GKPGO -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG CNU <GKNGPVTGPPWPI I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # E 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9325

9326

9327

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO 9QTV UCPC KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO 9QTV UCPC KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO 9QTV UCPC KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQPU /CK .QV 0T

9328 1,5:1

1,5:1

$TGKVTCPFKIGT #DUEJNCI GKPGU 5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO 9QTV UCPC KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I \W *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ &KG (WPMVKQP FKGUGU FGWVNKEJ ÒDGTIGYKEJVKIGP 5VÒEMU KUV PKEJV XQNNMQOOGP MNCT &GT 5EJTÌVNKPIUTCPF KUV ITÌDGT CNU DGK PQTOCNGP 5WNVCPKU YCU DGFGWVGP MCPP FCUU FKG PQTOCNG CDUEJNKGGPFG $GJ·OOGTWPI FGU ·WGTGP 4CPFGU DGK FGT 2TQFWMVKQP FKGUGU 'KP\GNUVÒEMU WPVGTDNGKDGP OWUUVG /ÌINKEJGTYGKUG JCPFGNV GU UKEJ WO GKPG 2TQDG HÒT FGP PGWGP #XGTUV[R &CHÒT URTKEJV FCUU FKG DGK FGT 5EJTKHVITCXWT ÒDGT FKG 5VGORGNQDGTHN·EJG JQEJIGFTÒEMVGP )TCXWTT·PFGT PKEJV CDIGHGKNV YQTFGP UKPF UQ FCUU UKG VGKNYGKUG CNU XGTVKGHVG -QPVWTGP WO FKG $WEJUVCDGP JGTWO KP FGT 2T·IWPI GTUEJGKPGP

9329

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³P KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FCTD WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO &CVWO KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9331

9330

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FCTD WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO &CVWO KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN UCPC HGJNV FKG DGKFGP 'PFDWEJUVCDGP JC KO GTUVGP UJ³J WPF KP PCUTCJW UKPF KP GKPGO -PQVGP \WUCOOGPIG\QIGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FCTD WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO &CVWO KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN UCPC HGJNV FKG DGKFGP 'PFDWEJUVCDGP JC KO GTUVGP UJ³J WPF KP PCUTCJW UGRCTCV WPVGTGKPCPFGTIGUGV\V 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9332

9333

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FCTD WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF FGO &CVWO KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT <CJN UCPC HGJNV FKG DGKFGP 'PFDWEJUVCDGP JC KO GTUVGP UJ³J WPF KP PCUTCJW UGRCTCV WPVGTGKPCPFGTIGUGV\V 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # 8CT )1.& 5GNVGPG 8CTKCPVG $GUQPFGTU IWV CWUIGRT·IV WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQPU /CK .QV 0T

9334

9335

9336

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPU WPF <GKEJPWPIUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP FTGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK - # C )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP 77

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9337 1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ MJCNCFC NNCJ UWNV³PCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK - # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9338

9339

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU WPNGUDCT KDP 5GNÄO KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC TGEJVU XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I 2GTG 8CT )1.& &QRRGNUEJNCI OKV &TGJWPI FGU #XGTUUVGORGNU WO )TCF UGJT UEJÌP

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG +OKVCVKQP GKPGU 5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I \W *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT )1.& (NCWG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 4CWEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

9340

2:1

5WNVCPK * /CT CUJ -CJTCOCPOCTCq 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC FCTWPVGT FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /4 # C I )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

9341

9343

9342

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * OKF 5WNVCPUPCOG KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& ) 4 5EJÌP

5JCJK * OKF *[DTKFG 2T·IWPI XQP \YGK #XGTUUVGORGNP DGKFGTUGKVU 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP QFGT #MEG * OKF 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG KP UGEJU <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU I &COCNK #& ) G CNU #MEG 'KP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV PQEJ UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9344

ex 9346

#MEG * OKF 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP D\Y MTGKUHÌTOKI 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG D\Y KP MTGKUHÌTOKIGT #WHUEJTKHV WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK #& ) D WPF D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #O³UK[C 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK #/ ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * #TFCPÑc 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK #4 ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #PSCTC #PMCTC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT <YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM % 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK #0 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP FCDGK KPVGTGUUCPVG (GJNRT·IWPI \WGTUV KPMWU FCPP \YGKUGKVKI IGRT·IV

9347

ex 9348

9349

9350

1,5:1

#MEG * $³NK[C $CN[C 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $; ) C 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * =$KVNÄU? 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X -TGW\ CWU XKGT -PQVGP CO 4CPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE XIN &COCNK $6 ) /C[FKP 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU 5COONWPI - /CE-GP\KG

ex 9351

ex 9353

#MEG * $WTUC 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP FCDGK GKPG OKV DGKFGTUGKVU MTGKUHÌTOKIGP #WHUEJTKHVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK $7 ) C WPF ) &CU .GV\VG UGNVGP 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 6ÄTC 6KTG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP FCDGK GKPG OKV DGKFGTUGKVU MTGKUHÒTOKIGP #WHUEJTKHVGP WPF I #TVWM # 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK 6' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * ,CPLC ,³PKL ,³PÄL )ÒOÒqJ³PG 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP OKV FTGK WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP QTVJQITCRJKUEJGP 8CTKCPVGP FGU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGPU WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK %# ) D ) D WPF E 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9354

ex 9355

#MEG * -JCTDWTV *CTRWV 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK *4 ) C ) #X ) 4X ) D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3CUVCOÑPÄ -CUVCOQPW 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) 4 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ WPF UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM # 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK - ) ) ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9357

ex 9358

#MEG * 3ÑPÄ[C -QP[C 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -1 ) C 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * 3C[UCTÄ[C -C[UGTK 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -; ) C 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9359

#MEG QJPG ,CJT .³TCPFC .CTGPFG! 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG MTGKUHÌTOKI CPIGQTFPGV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK .4 ) C WPF D 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

&KG .GUWPI FGT WPVGT 5GNKO WPF \W $GIKPP FGT 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV 5WNC[O³PU CMVKXGP /ÒP\UV·VVG KUV RTQDNGOCVKUEJ FC OGJTJGKVNKEJ FGT $WEJUVCDG T³ HÒT .³TCPFC HGJNV &C GKPG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT 5WNC[O³P TGIGNO·KI HGJNV UVGNNV UKEJ FKG (TCIG QD FCU CNU UCPC ,CJT IGFGWVGVG 9QTV YKTMNKEJ UQ \W NGUGP KUV QFGT QD GU UKEJ WO GKPGP 6GKN FGU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGPU JCPFGNV #WEJ FKG XQP &COCNK MQPUVCVKGTVG 0·JG \W FGP #MEG XQP /WMWU KP #TOGPKGP URTKEJV PKEJV HÒT .CTGPFG

1,5:1

9360

1,5:1

/C[FKP * /CT CUJ -CJTCOCPOCTCq 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM # &COCNK /4 ) C 44 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9362

ex 9361

/C[FKP * /CT CUJ -CJTCOCPOCTCq 5WNVCPUPCOG KP -CTVWUEJG 6KVGN KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP -CTVWUEJG WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM &COCNK /4 ) C WPF D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG Q , /WMWU CTO /QMU 5WNVCPUVKVGN WPF PCOG MTGKUHÌTOKI CPIGQTFPGV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV \YGK XGTUEJKGFGPGP 9ÒTVGTP PCEJ FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP UCPC! WPF VC F³N WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK /- ) E F WPF H 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP * 9³P 8CP 5WNVCPUPCOG KO FWTEJ GKPG.KPKG OKV -PQVGP IGVGKNVGP (GNF 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM &COCNK 80 ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9364

#MEG Q , 9CUV³P! PKEJV NGUDCT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP GKPGO FWTEJ GKPG .KPKG IGVGKNVGP (GNF 4X (QTVUGV\WPI FGU 6KVGN D\Y 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO FTKVVGP (CNN C\\C PCUTCJW 9CUV³P! ITQDGT 5VKN WPF I #TVWM &COCNK 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP &KG <WQTFPWPI FKGUGT FTGK TGEJV WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP #MEG PCEJ 9CUV³P KO 1UVGP FGU 9CP 5GGU KUV WPUKEJGT GKPG QUVCPCVQNKUEJG CTOGPKUEJG *GTMWPHV FCIGIGP KP LGFGO (CNN YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP 80

9365

/CPIKT = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP KP \GPVTCNGO 8KGTGEM I -CDCMNCTNK #OF 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9367

ex 9366

/CPIKT = ? * WPF Q , OKF &K[CTDCMKT 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV GKPGO 2HCW WPF I -CDCMNCTNK #OF 8CT WPF FC\W GKP /CPIKT = ? * CWU 'FKTPG OKV ITQGO -PQVGP KO #XGTU 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , CN *KUP WPF *CUCPMG[H 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK *UP WPF UQYKG GKP PKEJV IGNKUVGVGT CPQP[OGT 6[R FGT GXGPVWGNN FGT UR·VGP #S 3W[WPNW <GKV QFGT 5J³J +UO³ ÄN \W\WUEJTGKDGP KUV 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9369

9368

ex 9370

/CPIKT * 4ÑJ³ WPIGYÌJPNKEJG 5EJTGKDYGKUG FGU 1TVUPCOGPU 7THC $NÒVGPQTPCOGPV 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * 5K KTF 5KKTV 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 5TV WPF 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT WPF :: * 5K KTF 5KKTV UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU KP -TGKU WOIGDGP XQP OGJTGTGP (KUEJGP D\Y $NÒVG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

ex 9372

9371

/CPIKT * &KUJ #[[CF QFGT &KUJ #DCF $NÒVGPQTPCOGPV 4X (CNU FKUJ #[[CF WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK < 5GJT UEJÌP

-CDCMNCTNK GTMCPPVG FCUU FKG T·VUGNJCHVG /ÒP\UV·VVG YGNEJG WPVGT FGP 0COGP &KUJ #[[CF QFGT $CTT³PÄ D\Y $³T³PÄ HKTOKGTVG GKPG 8GTYCNVWPIUGKPJGKV UGKP OWUUVG WPF MGKP 6QRQP[O 'T ÒDGTUGV\VG OKV 'ZVGTKQT CKF

/CPIKT * WPF Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 8GT UEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5VÒEM 5VÒEM 5VÒEM 5VÒEM 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

ex 9373

ex 9374

/CPIKT * WPF Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 8GT UEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5VÒEM 5VÒEM 5VÒEM WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

/CPIKT * WPF Q , /CTFKP 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /TF WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

9375

/CPIKT Q , /CT CUJ -CTCOCPOCTCq <YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /TUJ WPF 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9376

1,5:1

/CPIKT ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT QFGT Q , /CNCV[C $NÒVGPHQNIG FCTÒDGT UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P FCTWPVGT KDP =5GNÄO MJ³P!? 4X KP GKPGT CP FGP 5GKVGP OKV -PQVGP DGUGV\VGP -CTVWUEJG FCTD =/C?NCVÄ[C FCTÒDGT C\\C PCUTCJW FCTWPVGT XGTOWVNKEJ FCU PKEJV NGUDCTG &CVWO I -CDCMNCTNK /ÒP\UV·VVG XQP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

9377

/CPIKT ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT QFGT Q , 0CUÄ DÄP 0WUC[DKP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU KO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KO 3WCFTCV PCUÄ DÄP 4CPFCDUEJPKVVG WPFGWVNKEJ WPF I -CDCMNCTNK FC\W GKP KP FGT 5COONWPI GDGPHCNNU PCEJ 0CUKDKP IGNGIVGT /CPIKT OKV 5WNVCPUPCOGP WO GKPGP -PQVGP KO -TGKU CWU GKPGT PKEJV GKPFGWVKI IGNGUGPGP /ÒP\UV·VVG 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9378

1,5:1

#\GTDC[LCP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * IGRT·IV * 6CDTÄ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD K 6CDTÄ\ QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD FKG GDGPUQ CWUIG\QIGPGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ NKIKGTV I *' #TVWM WPF #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 6$ # C FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 7PKMWO! )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI CWH DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9379

1,5:1

#\GTDC[LCP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * 6CDTÄ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P UJ³J 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD K 6CDTÄ\ QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 6$ ) C 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV )WVGU 'ZGORNCT XQP INGKEJO·KIGT #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9380

1,5:1

&KPCT ! * 6CDTÄ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE WPF &COCNK *4 ) C ) #X ) 4X ) D 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9382

9381

+TCM )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV WPVGT FGP /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK $) # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV WPVGT FGP /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC XQT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK $) # )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9383

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * *KNNC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X MJCNCF CNNCJ VC ³N³ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW YC KH³FC CN³ M³HCV CN CNCOÄP DCTTCJW YC KJU³PCJW FCTD JKNNC KP FTGK <GKNGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN $ 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *. # 8CT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV YQJN WPGFKGTV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

&GT 6[R GPVURTKEJV INGKEJ\GKVKIGP $CIJFCFGT 2T·IWPIGP FKG PCEJ FGT 'TQDGTWPI FGU +TCM * OKV FGP HÒT QUOCPKUEJG /ÒP\GP I·P\NKEJ WPIGYQJPVGP 6KVWNCVWTGP IGRT·IV YQTFGP YCTGP XIN &COCNK $) # 8QO 0COGP FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG UKPF JKGT PWT FGT \YGKVG WPF FTKVVG FGT FTGK $WEJUVCDGP GTMGPPDCT &QEJ KUV GKPG 8GYGEJUNWPI OKV $CIJFCF CWUIGUEJNQUUGP &GT PWT JKGT XQTMQOOGPFG 6KVGN GKPGU MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P &KGPGTU FGT DGKFGP JGKNKIGP 5V·VVGP K G /GMMC WPF /GFKPC DQTIVG UKEJ UKEJ 5WNC[OCPU <GKVIGPQUUG WPF 0COGPUXGVVGT FGT 6KOWTKFG 5WNC[O³P /ÄT\³ *GTT XQP $CFCMJUJ³P HÒT UGKPG /ÒP\RT·IWPI CWU

9384

1,5:1

5WNVCPK HÒT * *KNNC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV WPVGT FGP /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG XQT UCPC WPF FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD FKG GDGPUQ CWUIG\QIGPGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ NKIKGTV I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *. # UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV \YGKVGU QFGT FTKVVGU DGMCPPVGU 'ZGORNCT 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQPU .QV &KG ªDGTGKPUVKOOWPIGP FGT 4ÒEMUGKVG OKV 2T·IWPIGP HÒT 6CDTÄ\ NCUUGP XGTOWVGP FC FKGUGT 5WNVCPK KP GKPGT #TOGGOÒP\UV·VVG FGU (GNF\WIGU XQP * IGIGP FGP 5CHCYKFGPUVCCV GPVUVCPF

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9385

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * /CYUKN /QUWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ PCEJ D\Y WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FCU &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPI CWUIG\Q IGPGO $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD WPF [³ KP HÄ \WTÒEMIGDQIGP I *' #TVWM WPF #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /7 # FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 7PKMWO! )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI CWH DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9386

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * /CYUKN /QUWN (GNF FWTEJ .KPKGP KP FTGK 4GIKUVGT IGVGKNV UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J YC N DCJTC[P 4X KO (GNF QJPG 7PVGTVGKNWPI MJCNCFC NNCJ OWNMCJW /CYUKN FCTD UWNV³PCJW UCPC I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /7 # C 8CT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 7PKMWO! 5GJT UEJÌP 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9387 1,5:1

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * /CYUKN /QUWN +O (GNF QJPG 7PVGTVGKNWPI UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J YC N DCJTC[P 4X KO (GNF QJPG 7PVGTVGKNWPI MJCNCFC NNCJ OWNMCJW FCTD /CYUKN YC UWNV³PCJW HÄ UCPC I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /7 # D FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

ex 9388

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * $CIJFCF CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P 4X MJCNNCF CNNCJ VC ³N³ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW YC KH³FC CN³ N M³HCV CN CNCOÄP HÄ DCTTKJK YC KJU³PKJK FCTD DCIJF³F UCPC FTGK 8CTKCPVGP W C QJPG WPF OKV 2WPMVOCTMKGTWPI KO 4GXGTUUVGORGN WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK $) ) D 4 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG 5VÒEM VGKNU HNCW WPF UEJÌP FKG CPFGTGP UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9389

ex 9390

5JCJK * $CIJFCF CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P 4X MJCNNCF CNNCJ VC ³N³ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW YC KH³FC CN³ N M³HCV CN CNCOÄP C\\C PCUTWJW FCTD DCIJF³F HÄ UCPC I *' #TVWM &COCNK 44 5EJÌP

5JCJK ,CJT WPDGMCPPV $CIJFCF CU UWNVCP CN ³FKN #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD DCIJF³F FGT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP GKPGT N·PINKEJGP -CTVWUEJG 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK $) ) F WPF G 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9391

ex 9392

5JCJK = * ? $CIJFCF CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J =MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P? FGT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP GKPGT QDGP WPF WPVGP KP FGT /KVVG FWTEJ LG GKPGP -PQVGP DGUGV\VGP -CTVWUEJG 4X MJCNNCF CNNCJ VC ³N³ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW I *' #TVWM &COCNK $) ) D 8CT 4 5GJT UEJÌP

4GFW\KGTVGT 5JCJK * $CIJFCF UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG KO -TGKU FCTWO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO FTGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGT #PQTPWPI FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPDG\GKEJPWPI WPF I *' 8CT #TVWM &COCNK $) ) D WPF 8CT 6GKNU UGNVGP 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UEJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9393

4GFW\KGTVGT 5JCJK * $CIJFCF UWNV³P CN DCTT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG KO -TGKU FCTWO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO XKGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK $) ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9394 9395

9396

7PDGMCPPVGU -NGKPPQOKPCN WPF * $CIJFCF 6KVGN 0COG KP -CTVWUEJG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO 8KGTGEM ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV WPF I *' #TVWM WPF &COCNK $) ) &CU ,CJT DKUNCPI WPDGMCPPV 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK ! * *KNNC CU UWNV³P CN ³FKN CN M³OKN #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO C\\C PCUTCJW FCU &CVWO QDGP NKPMU 4X CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P KP FGT /KVVG GKPG -CTVWUEJG OKV FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *. ) 44 4WPFGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

5JCJK ! * *KNNC CU UWNV³P CN ³FKN CN M³OKN #DÑ N /W\CHHCT 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO C\\C PCUTCJW FCU &CVWO QDGP NKPMU 4X CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P KP FGT /KVVG GKPG -CTVWUEJG OKV FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP UVGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTJGTKIGP 5VÒEM LGFQEJ CPFGTG 5EJTÌVNKPIUHQTO I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *. ) 44 .·PINKEJGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9397

1,5:1

5JCJK =EC * ? *KNNC CU UWNVCP CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J =MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P CUJ UJCTÄHC[P? FGT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP GKPGT QDGP WPF WPVGP KP FGT /KVVG FWTEJ LG GKPGP -PQVGP DGUGV\VGP -CTVWUEJG 4X MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW KH³FC CN³ N ³NCOÄP FCTD *KNNC I *' #TVWM &COCNK 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

9398

9399

#MEG ! * *KNNC 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 44 6GKNU UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * /CYUKN /QUWN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J YC N DCJTC[P 4X MJCNNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW YC UWNV³PCJW /CYUKN HÄ UCPC I *' #TVWM &COCNK /7 ) I 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9400

9401

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ OKV FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP NKIKGTV KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPVGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 44 QJPG 5JCJVKVGN 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # 8CT )1.& 44 QJPG 5JCJVKVGN 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU +UNCOKE %QKP #WEVKQPU /CK .QV 0T

9402

9403

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO UJ³J MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC PGDGP FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ D³ KP U³JKD OKV GKPGO FQRRGNVGP -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG I *' HH #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *2 # G )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9404

9405

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ ·GV\VGTGU OKV GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG I *' HH #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *2 # F UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP /·T\ .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HK I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP ,WPK .QV 0T

9406

9407

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKPG YGKVGTG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9408

9409

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO NCPIGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9411

9410

9413

9412

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPHCEJG WPF GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKPHCEJG WPF GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *2 # 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9414

9415

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HTÒJGT 6[R QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # D )1.& -NGKPG 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9416

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HTÒJGT 6[R QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9418

9417

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C )1.& -TCV\GT UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP WO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP XQT UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ KP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKP GKPHCEJGT WPF GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9420

9419

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9421

9422

9423

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGT HÒPHDN·VVTKIGP $NÒVG ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP PÑP KO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP PÑP KO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKP FQRRGNVGT WPF HÒPH GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGT HÒPHDN·VVTKIGP $NÒVG ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP PÑP KO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG FTGK GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPF I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # 8CT )1.& -NGKPG 2T·IGUEJY·EJG CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9424

ex 9425

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I WPF I #TVWM WPF &COCNK *2 ) D G H C D E 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK XGTUEJKGFGP 6[RGP OKV UJ³J WPF MJ³P 6KVGN HÒT 5GNKO WPF I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK *2 ) &CU \YGKVG 5VÒEM UGJT UGNVGP 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9426

9427

9428

/C[FKP * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I #TVWM WPF # &COCNK &/ ) 8CT ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 5WNVCPUPCOG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK &/ ) 4 'KP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV 4GUV UGJT UEJÌP

5[TKGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * <KHHGTP TÒEMN·WHKI *CNCD #NGRRQ UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU KP DQIKIGT (CUUWPI 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK *ND $TGKVGU 'ZGORNCT OKV MNCTGO /ÒP\DKNF UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT 6[RGP WPF * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPVGT CPFGTGO OKV .ÌYGPFCTUVGNNWPI WPF I -CDCMNCTNK &OUJ WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9430

1,5:1

;GOGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP PÑP KO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKP 5VGTP CO 'PFG FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG I 8IN *' * #TVWM WPF #TVWM 5WN * 2GTG XIN &COCNK <$ # )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV WPF DKUNCPI WPGFKGTVGU ,CJT 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP OKV GKPGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP PÑP KO \YGKVGP UWNV³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEJIGDQIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC ÒDGT FGT <CJN GKP 5VGTP JKPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ GKP 5VGTP CO 'PFG FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG I 8IN *' * #TVWM WPF #TVWM 5WN * 2GTG &COCNK <$ # )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP #WU WPUGTGT #WMVKQP ,WPK .QV 0T

9431

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9432

ex 9433

ex 9434

;GOGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG 7VJO³PÄ = ? WPF GKP #MEG KP -WRHGT = ? * <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I &COCNK <$ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG 7VJO³PÄ : WPF GKPOCN ,CJT CWGTJCND FGU 5EJTÌVNKPIU <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT CNNG OKV 5VGTP KP 4GXGTUOKVVG WPF I &COCNK <$ ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG 7VJO³PÄ WPF * <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I &COCNK <$ ) D * GXGPVWGNN GJGT GKPG KPHNCVKQPKGTVG $WSUJC WPF MGKP #MEG WPF ) 4 5VÒEM &CU XKGTVG 5VÒEM PWT \WT *·NHVG CWUIGRT·IV CNNG UGJT UEJÌP

9435

ex 9436

/C[FKP $WSUJC * 5CP ³ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT /ÒP\\GKEJGP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU I &COCNK 5# ) D 4 5GJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP $WSUJC * 5CP ³ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV CEJVURKV\KIGO 5VGTP WPF I &COCNK 5# ) E 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9438

ex 9437

/C[FKP $WSUJC YQJN HÒT ! WPF * #FCP 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I &COCNK ## ) C 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT : * <CDÄF 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP <$ 4 5EJÌP

;GOGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

ex 9439

/CPIKT Q , 5CP ³C 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV QTPCOGPVCNGO #XGTU WPF I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP 5 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPIGP UEJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9440

1,5:1

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

4GHQTOKGTVGT #UJTCHK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FWTKDC DK /KUT HK UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CNU FTKVVGP <GKNG YGNEJG KP FGT /KVVG XQP GKPGO FQRRGNVGP WPF GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP WPVGTDTQEJGP YKTF I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

&KG )QNFOÒP\RT·IWPI I[RVGPU YGNEJG WPVGT FGO XQTNGV\VGP /CONWMGPUWNVCP 3³PUÑJ CN )JÑTÄ UVCTM CDIGYGTVGV WPF FCJGT IGTKPIJCNVKI CWUIGDTCEJV YQTFGP YCT YWTFG GTUV WPVGT 5WNC[O³P TGHQTOKGTV +P GKPGO GTUVGP 4GHQTOUEJTKVV YWTFG * FGT (GKPIGJCNV CPIGJQDGP LGFQEJ FCU )GYKEJV PQEJ PKEJV KO XQNNGP &WMCVGPIGYKEJV YKGFGTJGTIGUVGNNV &GT ·I[RVKUEJG #UJTCHK HQNIVG \YCT FGO 6[R FGU 5WNVCPK GPVURTCEJ FKGUGO CDGT PKEJV CP 9GTV YCU VTQV\ FGT CWHH·NNKIGP -PQVGP KO /ÒP\DKNF \W 8GTYGEJUGNWPIGP HÒJTGP MQPPVG 5Q HQNIVG GKP YGKVGTGT 4GHQTOUEJTKVV KP FGO FCU XQNNG &WMCVGPIGYKEJV YKGFGTJGTIGUVGNNV YWTFG

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9441

1,5:1

4GHQTOKGTVGT #UJTCHK * =/KUT -CKTQ ? 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FWTKDC DK /KUT HK UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CNU FTKVVGP <GKNG YGNEJG KP FGT /KVVG XQP GKPGO FQRRGNVGP WPF GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP WPVGTDTQEJGP YKTF I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' 8CT #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 44 -NGKPGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP +P FGT )TÌG GPVURTKEJV FKGUGU 5VÒEM FGP OCONWMKUEJGP #UJTCHK YGNEJG CWEJ TGIGNO·KI PWT GKPGP 6GKN FGU 5VGORGNU YKGFGTIGDGP 'U KUV FCJGT YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ HTÒJGT CNU FCU XQTJGTIGJGPFG V[RGPINGKEJG 'ZGORNCT IGRT·IV

9442

9443

4GHQTOKGTVGT #UJTCHK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FWTKDC DK /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP XKGT <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGO [³ CNU FTKVVGP <GKNG YGNEJG KP FGT /KVVG XQP GKPGO FQRRGNVGP WPF GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP WPVGTDTQEJGP YKTF I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 4 4GXGTU GVYCU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FWTKDC DK /KUT UCPC CNU VC OCTDÑVC FGU 9QTVGU UCPC GKP -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # D )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9444

9445

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # D )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD DK /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # D PKEJV FKGUGU ,CJT )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9446

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9447

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD /KUT HÄ UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD /KUT HÄ UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +7PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9449

9448

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9451

9450

9452

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I XIN *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' XIN #TVWM XIN #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I XIN *' #TVWM XIN #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 4 ,CJTGU\CJN PWT MPCRR GTHCUUV CDGT FGWVNKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP +UNCOKE %QKP #WEVKQPU 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

#WU WPUGTGT #WMVKQP /·T\ .QV 0T

9453

9454

5WNVCPK * 2T·IWPI FGT GT * PCEJ 5VKNMTKVGTKGP /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD /KUT UCPC HÄ KP FGT /KVVG CNU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKP MNGKPGT UGEJUURKV\KIGT 5VGTP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK = * ? 2T·IWPI FGT GT * PCEJ 5VKNMTKVGTKGP /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD /KUT UCPC HÄ KP FGT /KVVG CNU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKP MNGKPGT UGEJUURKV\KIGT 5VGTP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP /·T\ .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9455

5WNVCPK * 2T·IWPI FGT GT * PCEJ 5VKNMTKVGTKGP /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD /KUT HÄ UCPC KP FGT /KVVG CNU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKP MNGKPGT UGEJUURKV\KIGT 5VGTP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 2T·IWPI FGT GT QFGT GT * PCEJ 5VKNMTKVGTKGP /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD /KUT UCPC HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9458

9457

9459

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEM 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9460

9456

9461

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P GKP -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC ÒDGT FGO NGV\VGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P GKP &TGKDNCVV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9462

9463

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \W FGP XQTKIGP 5VÒEMGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN QFGT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI #XGTU NGKEJV FG\GPVTKGTV XQT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9464

9465

9466

9467

9468

5WNVCPK * UR·VGT 5VKN /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FWTKDC HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X MWT\GT 6KVGN U³JKD CP PCFT YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF KO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG NKPMU GKP MTGW\HÌTOKIGT TGEJVU GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * UR·VGT 5VKN /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FWTKDC HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X MWT\GT 6KVGN U³JKD CP PCFT YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP U³JKD WPF KO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LGYGKNU GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 4CWEJ &G\GODGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP ,WPK .QV 0T

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9469

9470

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9471

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9473

9472

9474

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP /·T\ .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP -PQVGP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9475

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP -PQVGP +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Sulaymân I. ibn Selîm I.

9477

9476

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP -PQVGP +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP FWTEJ FKG NCPIIG\QIGPGP $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD D³ KP U³JKD WPF FCU \WTÒEMIGDQIGPG [³ KP HÄ \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG LG GKP -PQVGP +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9478

ex 9479

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * WPF = ? * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT DGKFGTUGKVU /ÒP\\GKEJGP KP FGT /KVVG 8CTKCPVGP OKV -PQVGP D\Y RWPMVKGTVGO 2TGKU KP FGT /KVVG WPF I #TVWM WPF # 8CT &COCNK /5 ) D 8CT WPF /5 ) E 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT 6[RGP = ? = ? = ? WPF * /KUT 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /UT WPF 5VÒEM 5VÒEM /GKUV UEJÌP GKPKIG UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9480 1,5:1

.KD[GP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK XQP &QDNCUVCPFCTF = * ? 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKT \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP MWT\GO [³ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM

PCEJ 5WNVCPK 5VCPFCTF #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK 64 # D )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

&GT &QDNCUVCPFCTF XQP EC I 4CWJIGYKEJV DGK TWPF )QNF WPF 5KNDGT GPVURTCEJ KO 9GTV FGP &WMCVGPUVCPFCTF FGU QUOCPKUEJGP 5WNVCPK XQP I 4CWJIGYKEJV WPF )QNF &CU 'ZGORNCT FGU #TMGQNQLK /Ò\G KP +UVCPDWN XQP I CNUQ &WMCVGPUVCPFCTF KUV OKV FGOUGNDGP 5VGORGNRCCT IGRT·IV YKG FCU JKGT CPIGDQVGPG 5VÒEM 'PVURTGEJGPFG )QNFRT·IWPI XQP &QDNCUVCPFCTF DGK 5WNVCPKV[R ICD GU CWGT KP 6TKRQNKU CWEJ KP 6WPKU ,GTDC WPF 6CLWTC #WU FGO 5VKN FGU XQTNKGIGPFGP 5VÒEMU KUV \W UEJNKGGP FCUU FGUUGP 5VGORGN KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN IGUEJPKVVGP YQTFGP YCTGP &CDGK KUV CNNGTFKPIU CWHH·NNKI FCUU PGDGP FGO .KPKGPMTGKU MGKP ·WGTGT 2GTNMTGKU \W HKPFGP KUV

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

9481

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ \W $GIKPP FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9482

9483

9484

9485

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ ,C\³ KT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD UCPC ,C\³ KT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ CO #PHCPI FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *' #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK )1.& 5GJT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP FTGK IGVTGPPVGP <GKNGP OKV TWPFGO [³ KP HÄ CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *' 8CT #TVWM 8CT #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU CNU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P KP \YGK <GKNGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCTD HÄ /KUT UCPC 4X MWT\GT 6KVGN U³JKD CP PCFT YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT KP FTGK <GKNGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP 5VGTP I *' #TVWM #TVWM 5WN 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV #XGTU GVYCU FG\GPVTKGTV 5GJT UEJÌP

5GNÄO ++ KDP 5WNC[O³P + * #&

5EJQP ÒDGT \GJP ,CJTG XQT FGO 6QF 5WNC[O³PU YCTGP FKG WTURTÒPINKEJGP -TQPRTKP\GP KPHQNIG XQP *CTGOUKPVTKIGP CWUIGUEJCNVGV YQTFGP 'KPG #NNKCP\ FGT GKPHNWUUTGKEJUVGP (TCW 5WNC[O³PU *ÒTTGO 5WNVCP OKV FGO KJT IGPGJOGP )TQYGUKT 5QMQNNW /WJCOOCF 2³UJ³ ICTCPVKGTVG FKG #PYCTVUEJCHV KJTGT DGKFGP 5ÌJPG FGT 2TKP\GP 5GNÄO WPF $³[C\ÄF XQP FGPGP YKGFGTWO 5GNÄO FGT /CEJV FGU 9GUKTU CO YGPKIUVGP GPVIGIGP\WUGV\GP JCVVG &CJGT GTJKGNV FKGUGT CNU 2TKP\ FCU XQP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN PCJGIGNGIGPG /CPÄUC UGKP $TWFGT $C[C\ÄF FCU YGKVGT GPVHGTPVG #OCU[C 5GNÄO YWTFG XQP FGP ;CPKVUEJCTGP WPVGTUVÒV\V $³[C\ÄF XQP 6WTMOGPGP &GT -CORH WO FKG 0CEJHQNIG YWTFG OKNKV·TKUEJ GPVUEJKGFGP 5GNÄO YCT FGT 5KGIGT Y·JTGPF UGKP $TWFGT \W FGP 5CHCYKFGP HNÒEJVGVG YQ GT IGIGP <CJNWPIGP UGKPGU 8CVGTU GTOQTFGV YWTFG #NU 5WNC[O³P UVCTD YCT FCJGT GKPG 0CEJHQNIG IGTGIGNV FKG 5GNÄO KP FKG -QPVKPWKV·V FGT UR·VGP ,CJTG UGKPGU 8CVGTU DTCEJVG OKV FGP 2TQDNGOGP FKG 'OCP\KRCVKQP FGT 2CNCUVUMNCXGP FKG $GTGKVUEJCHV \WT #DYGJT UVCCVNKEJGT (QTFGTWPIGP FWTEJ FKG YKTVUEJCHVNKEJ KP $GFT·PIPKU IGTCVGPFG CPYCEJUGPFG $GXÌNMGTWPI WPF FGT 9KFGTUVCPF FGT 2TQXKP\KCNXGTYCNVWPIGP FGP 'TYCTVWPIGP FGT <GPVTCNG \W GPVURTGEJGP /CP MCPP KP FKGUGT 'PVYKEMNWPI YGNEJG WPVGT 5GNÄO ++ QHHGPUKEJVNKEJ YKTF FGP 0KGFGTICPI FGU UVCTMGP 5VCCVGU UGJGP CDGT GDGPUQ FGP 0CEJYGKU HÒT FKG 8KVCNKV·V GKPGT DÒTIGTPCJGP 8GTYCNVWPI &KG (QTVUGV\WPI FGT QUOCPKUEJGP 'TQDGTWPIURQNKVKM Y·JTGPF FGT 4GIKGTWPIU\GKV 5GNÄOU 'TQDGTWPI FGU \WXQT XGPG\KCPKUEJGP <[RGTP YKTF CNU GTUVGU #P\GKEJGP FGU 0KGFGTICPIU IGUGJGP &CU GKPG YCTGP OCUUKXG 4ÒEMUEJN·IG KP FGT QUOCPKUEJGP $GUGV\WPI FGU

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I. [GOGPKVKUEJGP $GTINCPFGU OKV UGKPGT TGNKIKÌU FKHHGTGP\KGTVGP $GXÌNMGTWPI QJPGJKP GKP ÒDGTCWU UEJYKGTKIGU 6GTTCKP &GO UVCPFGP 'TQDGTWPIGP KP 1UVCHTKMC IGIGPÒDGT &CU CPFGTG YCT FKG 4GCMVKQP CWH FKG UKEJ CPFGWVGPFG (NQVVGPÒDGTNGIGPJGKV FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU DKU KP FCU YGUVNKEJG /KVVGNOGGT *KGT DTCEJVG FKG R·RUVNKEJG &KRNQOCVKG PGWG -QCNKVKQPGP \WYGIG &KG 5RCPKGT MQPPVGP WPVGT IGPWGUKUEJGT (ÒJTWPI KP FGT 5EJNCEJV XQP .GRCPVQ GKPGP GTJGDNKEJGP 6GKN FGT QUOCPKUEJGP (NQVVG XGTPKEJVGP 5GNÄO \ÌIGTVG PKEJV FKG (NQVVG DGUUGT CNU \WXQT YKGFGTCWH\WDCWGP CDGT FKG (QNIG DNKGD FCUU FCU EJTKUVNKEJG 'WTQRC CP <WXGTUKEJV IGYCPP FGO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ IGYCEJUGP \W UGKP &GPPQEJ KUV HGUV\WUVGNNGP FCUU GU OGJT CNU YGKVGTG ,CJTG DGFWTHVG WO CWU FKGUGT 2CVVUKVWCVKQP KP GKPG YCJTPGJO DCTG ªDGTNGIGPJGKV \W MQOOGP 9·JTGPF FKGUGT <GKV DNKGD FKG +PVGITKV·V FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU KP UGKPGT ITÌVGP #WUFGJPWPI WPCPIGVCUVGV 5GNÄO UVCTD /KVVG 1MVQDGT PCEJ GKPGT 4GIKGTWPI FKG XQP FGO WPWPVGTDTQEJGP COVKGTGPFGP 5QMQNNW /WJCOOCF 2³UJ³ CNU )TQYGUKT WPF XQO *CTGO DGUVKOOV YCT

1,5:1

9486

1,5:1

5GTDKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 0QY³DKTFC 0QXQ $TFQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 01 # 5TGiMQXKi 5 )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9488

9487

9489

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * $GNITCF 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK $' ) C )NGKEJO·KIG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI &T 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC

#MEG * 0QXC $GTFC 0QXQ $TFQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \CJNTGKEJG 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 'KPKIG UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV QFGT FG\GPVTKGTV OGKUV UGJT UEJÌP

$QUPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5GTDGTPÄcC 5TGDTGPKEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK 54 ) WPF 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

9490 1,5:1

1,5:1

/C\GFQPKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 3ÑcC[PC -QXPKEC 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK -7 # 8CT 5TGiMQXKi 5 )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 75 ) 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM XQP UVCTM TQUVKIGO 5VGORGN UGJT UEJÌP

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

ex 9492

#MEG * 3CTCVQXC -TCVQXQ 5VÒEM WPF -Ñc³PÄ[C -W¼C[PC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV FGO 9QTV UCPC ÒDGT WPF WPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -4 ) WPF -7 ) 5VÒEM &CU 5VÒEM CWU -W¼C[PC IGNQEJV WPF VGKNU UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

9493

9494

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5- # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ JKPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH 0QXGODGT .QV 0T

9496

9495

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP YQDGK FKGUGT $WEJUVCDG KP .KICVWT CWEJ CNU D³ FGU 9QTVGU FWTKDC FKGPV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # G )1.& 'VYCU YGNNKI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK 5& # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 5VCEM U &G\GODGT .QV 0T

9498

9497

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT 5WNVCPUPCOG WPVGT FGO 6KVGN WPF KP FGT <GKNG NKPGCT CPIGQTFPGV FWTKDC HÄ FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV MWT\GO \WTÒEMIGDQIGPGP [³ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # G FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT 5WNVCPUPCOG WPVGT FGO 6KVGN FCU 9QTV HÄ KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK 5< # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

#WU #WMVKQP 5VCEM U &G\GODGT .QV

9499

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

100

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 8CTKCPVGP WPF 5KTÑ\ 5ÄTÑP! 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' HH 5WNVCP WPF 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T 5 0T WPF &COCNK 5& ) WPF 5< ) E 4 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ WPF UGJT UEJÌP

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9501

9500

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FWTKDC OKV D³ ÒDGT FGO 9QTVCPHCPI 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV FWTKDC OKV D³ WPVGT FGO 9QTVCPHCPI 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& # C 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9502

9503

5WNVCPK * #O³UK[C #OCU[C 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #/ # D )1.& 4 9GNNKI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGP 9ÌTVGTP FWTKDC HÄ .KICVWT XQP D³ WPF [³ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # I )1.& (NCWG 5VGNNG CO 4CPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#WU 5COONWPI 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9505

9504

9507 9506

9508

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,³PL³ )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %# # D )1.& (NCWG 5VGNNG CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,³PL³ )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %# # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

101

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

ex 9511

ex 9509

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5GNÄOÄ 5JCJK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV XGTUEJKGFGPGP /ÒP\\GKEJGP WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK #& ) C WPF E 5VÒEM )WVG #WURT·IWPI WPF UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN WPF I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T WPF &COCNK '& ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #TFCPÑc #TVXKP 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK #6 ) D 4 5VÒEM 6GKNU ITQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * %CPEC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN FTGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV 8CTKCPVGP FGU 1TVUPCOGPU WPF I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK %# ) 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9513

ex 9514

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT 5VÒEM WPF * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 8GTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP CNNG OKV QTPCOGPVCNGO #XGTU WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 'Z WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9515

ex 9516

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * $CIJFCF UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG KO -TGKU FCTWO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO FTGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP /ÒP\\GKEJGP FC\W GKPG \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG (·NUEJWPI CWU UKNDGTRNCVVKGTVGO -WRHGT WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK $) ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * $CIJFCF UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J C\\C PCUTCJW KDP UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P UJ³J HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG KO -TGKU FCTWO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF &CVWO UGEJU +PVGTRWPMVKQPU XCTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK $) ) D8CT WPF ) F 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9517

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF HÒPH GKPHCEJG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& -TCV\GT XQT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV

102

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9518

9519

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF XKGT GKPHCEJG WPF \YGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF \YGK GKPHCEJG WPF XKGT FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9520

9521

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP OKV FTGK 2WPMVGP CWH FGT TGEJVGP 5GKVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP 8 /·T\ .QV

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP OKV FTGK 2WPMVGP CWH FGT TGEJVGP 5GKVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF HÒPH GKPHCEJG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9523

9522

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP FQRRGNVGTGT -PQVGP OKV FTGK 2WPMVGP CWH FGT TGEJVGP 5GKVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF XKGT GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9524

.QV XQP FTGK 5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG -QODKWPCVKQPGP XQP -PQVGP 8GTUEJKGFGPG 5VGORGN WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

&KGUG WPF FKG HQNIGPFG 0WOOGT DGKPJCNVGP /CVGTKCNKGP FKG XQO 5COONGT HÒT GKPG U[UVGOCVKUEJG 5VGORGNWPVGT UWEJWPI FGT #NGRRKPGT )QNFRT·IWPI WPVGT 5GNÄO ++ MQP\KRKGTV YCT

103

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9525

.QV XQP FTGK 5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG -QODKWPCVKQPGP XQP -PQVGP 8GTUEJKGFGPG 5VGORGN WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # C )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9527

9528

9526

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN OKV UJ³J WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UJ³J GKP FQRRGNVGTGT -PQVGP OKV FTGK 2WPMVGP CWH FGT NKPMGP 5GKVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF XKGT GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # )1.& 4 )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 8CT 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK *2 ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN \YGK 8CTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG &COCNK &/ ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9529

9530

;GOGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT ,CJT PKEJV CWH 5EJTÌVNKPI * 5C FC FCTD 5C FC UCPC 4X CN OCJTÑUC KP (QTO GKPGT 6WIJTC I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP 5& HH 5GNVGP DGUQPFGTU KP FKGUGT 'TJCNVWPI 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT * /CNJC\Ä #HH³T 5VGTP KP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP 5 7/ FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

&KG /ÒP\UV·VVG YCT XQP 5VGRJGP #NDWO CNU 7O³P IGNGUGP YQTFGP WPF KUV CWEJ UQ XQP -CDCMNCTNK CM\GRVKGTV YQTFGP &C CDGT FGT \WGTUV KP /CNJC\ IGRT·IVG -WRHGTOÒP\V[R MCWO KO 1UVGP FGT CTCDKUEJGP *CNDKPUGN IGRT·IV YQTFGP UGKP MCPP WPF 7O³P CWEJ PKG QUOCPKUEJ YCT KUV GU CPIGDTCEJV KP FGT P·JGTGP 7OIGDWPI \W UWEJGP *KGT HKPFGV UKEJ FCU 5V·FVEJGP #HH³T KO $G\KTM XQP *CLLC PQTFYGUVNKEJ XQP 5CP ³ CNU DGUUGTG .GUWPI FKG UQICT FWTEJ FGP FKCMTKVKUEJGP 2WPMV DGKP H³ DGUV·VKIV YKTF

9531

9533

9532

/CPIKT = * !? -CYMCD³P /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X CN OCJTÑUC KP 6WIJTCHQTO I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP -9- 5GJT UEJÌP

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG (·NUEJWPI GKPGU /CPIKT = * !? -CYMCD³P 7PXQNNUV·PFKIGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG 4X CN OCJTÑUC KP 6WIJTCHQTO I 8IN -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP -9- 5GJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

104

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9534

.QV XQP \YGK 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9535

9536

9535

I[RVGP GKPG -WRHGTOÒP\G

/CPIKT * /KUT -CKTQ -PQVGP KP 8KGTRCUU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG OKV &CVWO KP (QTO GKPGT 6WIJTC I -CDCMNCTNK /UT 5EJÌP CDGT INGKEJO·KI CWUIGRT·IV

5WNVCPK * 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 64 # C )1.& 4 -CWO UKEJVDCTGT 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU KP FGT /KVVG FGT /ÒP\G UGJT UEJÌP

.KD[GP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

1,5:1

9537

1,5:1

6WPGUKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 6WPKU -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 67 # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9538

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

&KPCT * 6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP +P 3WCFTCV CWU FQRRGNVGP .KPKGP U³JKD CP PCUT YC N CFN YC \C[P CO³P CU UWNV³P 5³NÄO UKE KDP CU UWNV³P 5WNC[O³P CO 4CPF MJCOU CUJCT SÄT³V C\\ PWUTCV 4X KP INGKEJGO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW CO 4CPF FKG CWUIGUEJTKGDGP ,CJTGU\CJN WPF FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM $CVGU /0 'JNGTV ;GPKUG[ &COCNK 6. # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ

&KG .GUWPI FGU 6KVGNU KP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG KUV UVGVU GKP 2TQDNGO IGYGUGP YQDGK KP FGP .GUWPIGP XQP 'FJGO YC U³O³P CU UWNV³P FGT FKG YGKVGTG VÒTMKUEJG 0WOKUOCVKM DKU JGWVG HQNIVG FGT FGWVNKEJG $WEJUVCDG T³ QFGT \³ ÒDGT FGO YC WPDGTÒEMUKEJVKIV DNKGD $CVGU GTMCPPVG FKG 7POÌINKEJMGKV WPF FGP HGJNGPFGP 5KPP FKGUGT .GUWPI WPF UEJNWI YC N KO³P XQT YQDGK GT YC N ÄO³P WPF FGU )NCWDGPU OGKPVG YQ\W FCU T³ QFGT \³ CNU CNKH GVYCU IGYCNVUCO IGTCFGIGDQIGP YGTFGP OWUUVG #WH FGT $CUKU GKPGU GKP\GNPGP 'ZGORNCTU D\Y 5VGORGNU UEJKGP FCU CPI·PIKI &QEJ DGK FGT JGWVKIGP /CVGTKCNUKVWCVKQP OKV NGKEJV XCTKKGTGPFGP &KPCTGP XQP WPF * YGNEJG FKG IGDQIGPG (QTO FGU $WEJUVCDGP KP OGJTGTGP 5VGORGNP DGUV·VKIGP KUV FKGUG &CVKGTWPI LGFQEJ PKEJV OÌINKEJ &KG .GUWPI \C[P CO³P CU UWNV³P NÌUV FCU 9QTV CWU FGT IGPKVKXKUEJGP #DJ·PIKIMGKV XQP U³JKD WPF UGV\V GU KP $G\WI \WO PCEJHQNIGPFGP 9QTV CU UWNVCP CNUQ FKG <KGTFG FGT 5KEJGTJGKV FGT *GTTUEJCHV &COKV GTIKDV UKEJ CWU FGT #WHUEJTKHV FGU (GNFGU GKP <YGK\GKNGT OKV 'PFTGKO CWH UWNV³P WPF 5WNC[O³P +P INGKEJGT 9GKUG CWH FGP 8CVGTUPCOGP FGU 5WNVCPU IGTGKOV UKPF CWEJ FKG 6KNKOU³PGT &KPCTCWHUEJTKHVGP WPVGT /WT³F +++ WPF /WJCOOCF +++

105

Selîm II. ibn Sulaymân I.

9539

9540

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³ KT HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # C )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³ KT HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FCDGK FCU 9QTV HÄ KP WPIGYÌJPNKEJGT 2QUKVKP CO 'PFG FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # C 8CT )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

9541

9542

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³ KT HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU 5COONWPI 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP 2GWU 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9544

9543

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ÒDGT ,C\³ KT WPVGP TGEJVU HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # I )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ÒDGT ,C\³ KT WPVGP TGEJVU HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # I )1.& -WT\GT 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU XQT\ÒINKEJ

9545

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG WPVGT FGO 6KVGN CNU \YGKVG <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ÒDGT ,C\³ KT WPVGP NKPMU HÄ OKV TWPFGO [³ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %< # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

106

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

/WT³F +++ KDP 5GNÄO + * #&

9KG UGKP 8CVGT JCVVG /WT³F FKG 5VCVVJCNVGTUEJCHV XQP /CPKUC KPPG CNU GT L·JTKI CWH FGP 6JTQP MCO /WJCOOCF 5QMQNNW 2³UJ³ ICTCPVKGTVG FGP TGKDWPIUNQUGP ªDGTICPI WPF FGP /QTF CP FGP $TÒFGTP KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN #WEJ YGPP /WT³FU 4GIKGTWPI KP FGT )GUEJKEJVUHQTUEJWPI FGU WPF ,CJTJWPFGTVU CNU YGPKI GTHQNITGKEJ CPIGUGJGP YKTF UQ DGUEJGTVG GT FGT #WGPRQNKVKM FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU GKPG WPIGYÌJPNKEJ NCPIG (TKGFGPU\GKV KPUDGUQPFGTG CWH FGT GWTQR·KUEJGP 5GKVG 5QYQJN OKV FGP *CDUDWTIGTP CNU CWEJ OKV FGP 8GPG\KCPGTP DGUVCPFGP IGTGIGNVG HTKGFNKEJG $G\KGJWPIGP 'KP MWT\GT -TKGI OKV FGT 'KPPCJOG XQP 4CCD DKNFGV GKPG #WUPCJOG &GWVUEJG 4GKEJUVCNGT NKGHGP ÒDGTCNN KO 1UVGP FGU 1UOCPK UEJGP 4GKEJU CNU IGUEJ·V\VG )TQUKNDGTOÒP\GP WO WPF ICNVGP NCPIG <GKV CNU #MEG GPVURTGEJGPF \WO )WNFGP \W -TGW\GTP 9CEJUGPFGT QUOCPKUEJGT 'KPHNWUU CWH 2QNGP YQ FGT 5KGDGPDÒTIGT 5VGRJCP $CVJQT[ \WO -ÌPKI IGY·JNV YWTFG OCI UQICT CNU YGKVGTG 'ZRCPUKQP FGU 4GKEJGU IGYGTVGV YGTFGP +O 1UVGP ICD GU GTPGWVG 8GTUWEJG XQP KPPGTGP 2TQDNGOGP FGU 5CHCYKFGPTGKEJU \W RTQHKVKGTGP OKV \GKVYGKNKIGT $GUGV\WPI XQP #TOGPKGP )GQTIKGP WPF 6GKNGP #\GTDC[FUEJCPU GKPUEJNKGNKEJ 6CDTÄ\ 0CEJ FGO 4GIKGTWPIUCPVTKVV FGU 5J³J #DD³U + GTJCPFGNVG FKGUGT GKPGP (TKGFGPUXGTVTCI YGNEJGT FKG ,CJTG \WXQT GTQDGTVGP )GDKGVG XQP )GQTIKGP 5JKTY³P WPF 6CDTÄ\ HQTOGNN FGO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ ÒDGTNCUUGP YWTFG YQFWTEJ FKGUGU GTUVOCNU <WICPI \WO -CURKUEJGP /GGT GTJKGNV 5GNDUV KP /CTQMMQ MQPPVG /WT³F 'KPHNWUU CWH FKG 2QNKVKM PGJOGP +O +PPGTP YCT FCU 5WNVCPCV /WT³FU YGPKIGT GTHQNITGKEJ KPUDGUQPFGTG PCEJ FGO 6QF FGU NCPIL·JTKIGP )TQYGUKTU &KG 8GTICDG FGT /KNKV·TNGJGP IGTKGV KP -QTTWRVKQP \CJNTGKEJG 2TQXKP\GP GTNGDVGP #WHUV·PFG +P 5[TKGP YWEJU FGT 'KPHNWUU FGT FTWUKUEJGP $CPÑ /C P CWEJ YGPP FKG 4GIKGTWPI FKGUG 'PVYKEMNWPI DGM·ORHVG #NU FGT #MEG CP 9GTV XGTNQT ICD GU \W GTUVGP /CN KP FGT )GUEJKEJVG FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU GKPGP #WHUVCPF FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGP KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN FGT FWTEJ FKG *KPTKEJVWPI GKPGU XGTCPVYQTVNKEJ IGOCEJVGP $GCOVGP DGU·PHVKIV YGTFGP MQPPVG 9GPKIG ,CJTG UR·VGT TGXQNVKGTVGP CWEJ FKG XQP FGP .GJGP CDJ·PIKIG -CXCNNGTKG UKR³JÄ WPF FKG -TKUGP\GKEJGP OGJTVGP UKEJ &KG 4GIKGTWPI /WT³FU XQNN\QI UKEJ KP FGT *CWRVUVCFV OKV ITQGO 2QOR 'T YCT GKPGTUGKVU UGKPGO ÒDGTCWU GKPHNWUUTGKEJGP *CTÄO GTIGDGP CPFGTGTUGKVU FGT KUNCOKUEJGP /[UVKM ÒDGT FKG GT CWEJ CNU #WVQT UEJTKGD 'T UVCTD CO QFGT DCNF PCEJ FGO ,CPWCT

9546

5GTDKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 0QY³DKTFC 0QXQ $TFQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 01 # D 5TGiMQXKi 5 )1.& 4 &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9547

#MEG * 0QXC $GTFC 0QXQ $TFQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN XKGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 08 ) 5VÒEM &CU \YGKVG IGNQEJV FCU NGV\VG 5VÒEM DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

107

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9548

1,5:1

/C\GFQPKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 3ÑcC[PC -QXPKEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK -7 # 5TGiMQXKi 5 )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV

9549

ex 9550

9551

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * 1MJTÄ 1JTKF 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 14 ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 75 ) 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPIGP VGKNU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

$WNICTKGP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

#MEG * (KNKDG 2NQXFKX 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 H 0T &COCNK (. ) D 44 )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI -GPPGVJ /CE-GP\KG

9552

9553

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO OKV GKPGO -PQVGP XGTUGJGPGP 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5- # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9554

108

9555

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO MWT\GP9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5- # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO MWT\GP 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK 5& # J )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJG CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9556

9558

9557

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO NCPIGP 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FCU 'PFG FGU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGPU WPF FCU 9QTV HÄ KP GKPG NKIKGTVG .KPKG CWUNCWHGPF 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5& # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO NCPIGP 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 5< # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI -GPPGVJ /CE-GP\KG

ex 9560

9559

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 5- ) C 44 (NCWG 2T·IWPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN WPF I *' 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 5& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9561

9562

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP FGT /KVVG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV 5GNÄO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& # )1.& *GPMGNURWT UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP FGT /KVVG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV 5GNÄO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9563

5WNVCPK * #O³UÄ[C #OCU[C 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG QJPG HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #/ # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP 2GWU 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9564

5WNVCPK * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK %# # C )1.& -NGKPGT 4CPFHGJNGT UGJT UEJÌP

109

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9565

9566

5WNVCPK * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU NCPIIGUVTGEMVG 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FGUUGP 'PFG OKV GKPGO -PQVGP CWUN·WHV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK %# # C 8CT )1.& 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU UGJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI -GPPGVJ /CE-GP\KG

5WNVCPK * ,CPÄ!C ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG! 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ OKV -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %# # D )1.& -NGKPGT 4CPFHGJNGT UGJT UEJÌP

&CU 0GDGPGKPCPFGT FGT DGKFGP XGTUEJKGFGPGP 5EJTGKDYGKUGP KUV KPUQHGTP XGTYKTTGPF CNU GU PCEJ FGP /ÒP\CMVGP FGT <GKV /WTCF +++ XQO ,CJT * KO 9KNC[GV 'T\WTWO VCVU·EJNKEJ \YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG $GTIYGTMUQTVG ICD FKG 'PFGT 5 CNU %CVJC ,³PLC! WPF %CPK¼G ,CPÄ!C! NKGUV

9567

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU ÒDGT ICP\G <GKNG TGKEJGPFG 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FCU 9QTV UCPC XQT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT &KG $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF [³ KP HÄ NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # L )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU ÒDGT ICP\G <GKNG TGKEJGPFG 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP QJPG FCU 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # 8CT )1.& 'VYCU IGYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

9569

110

9570

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU PKEJV ÒDGT ICP\G <GKNG TGKEJGPFG 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FCU 9QTV UCPC XQT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # N )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU KP FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG DGIKPPGPF FCU 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # M 8CT )1.& #XGTU NGKEJV FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

9571

9568

9572

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV HÄ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP QJPG FCU 9QTV UCPC XQT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # D 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG /WT³F ÒDGT FGO 6KVGN UWNV³P FCU 9QTV HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT &KG $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF [³ KP HÄ NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # F 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9574

9573

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG /WT³F JKPV FGO 6KVGN UWNV³P FCU 9QTV HÄ NCPI WPF OKV GKPGO -PQVGP DGUGV\V ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPF FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # I )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG /WT³F JKPV FGO 6KVGN UWNV³P FCU 9QTV HÄ NCPI WPF OKV \YGK -PQVGP DGUGV\V ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPF FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # J

FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& -TCV\GT UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

9575

9576

9577

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG /WT³F JKPVGT FGO 6KVGN UWNV³P FCU MWT\G 9QTV HÄ NKPMU ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP KP FGT WPVGTUVGP <GKNG UCPC WPF FCU ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK - # R )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 0COG /WT³F JKPVGT FGO 6KVGN UWNV³P FCU MWT\G 9QTV HÄ NKPMU ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPVGP FCU ,CJT ÒDGT FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT &GT $WEJUVCDG [³ KP HÄ NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # V )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9578

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P CN DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN KP 7OUEJTKHV FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) D WPF 8CT 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9579

5JCJK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT UWNV³P WPF FCTWPVGT CN DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN KP 7OUEJTKHV FTGK 8CTKCPVGP I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 4 )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

111

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9582

9581

9580

5JCJK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 5GJT DTGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI 5VGORGN YGKVIGJGPF GTHCUUV UGJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT /WT P 5GNÄO KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT UWNV³P ³F WPF FCTWPVGT KDP UWNV³P MJ³! 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT WPF FCTWPVGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * OKF &K[CTDCMKT UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) C 4 *·NHVG UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN WPF I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK '& ) 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9584

9585

5JCJK * #TF CT 4ÑO 'T\WTWO UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD HÄ #TF CT 4ÑO UCPC 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P UJ³J MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P YC UWNV³P MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK '4 ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK = ? * #TF 4ÑO 'T\WTWO UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P CN DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK '4 ) 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9587 9588

9586

5JCJK = ? * #TF 4ÑO 'T\WTWO UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P CN DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN KP 7OUEJTKHV 8CTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK '4 ) 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * +PGIÌN UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK +0 ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * ,³PÄLC )ÒOÒqJCPG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P C\\C PCUTCJW FCTD HÄ ,³PÄLC UCPC 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P UJ³J YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P MJ³FKO CN JCTCOC[P YC UWNV³P I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK %# ) D 4 -TCV\GT UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9590 ex 9589

ex 9589

5JCJK * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG WO \GPVTCNG 4QUGVVG 8CTKCPVGP D\Y CNU FTGK\GKNKIG #WHUEJTKHV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP 5GEJURCUU D\Y KP -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV WPF I *' WPF #TVWM 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK %# ) WPF 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV ITQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG KP -CTVWUEJG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP -CTVWUEJG WPF I *' 5WNVCP &COCNK %# ) FC\W GKP 5JCJK XGTOWVNKEJ CWU ,³PLC WPF GKP #MEG CWU #OCU[C 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPIGP UGJT UEJÌP

112

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9591

ex 9592

#MEG * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG 6KVGN WPF 0COG KP FTGK <GKNGP D\Y KP -CTVWUEJG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO VGKNU KP -CTVWUEJGP WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5WNVCP HH &COCNK %# ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5ÄY³U 5KXCU UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK 58 ) C 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN WPF I FCU NGV\VG PKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9595

9594

#MEG * /CIJPÄU³ /CPKUC UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK /0 ) C 44 5GJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI -GPPGVJ /CE-GP\KG

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C = ? = ? ! WPF = ? WPF I * XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP -CDCMNCTNK 3QU WPF 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9596

1,5:1

#\GTDCKFUEJCP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * )CPLC 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP \GPVTCNGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW YC FCTWPVGT WPIGNGUGPG (QTVUGV\WPI I 2GTG &COCNK )0 ) D 44 5GJT UEJÌP

&KG WPVGTG *·NHVG FGU WPMQPXGPVKQPGNNGP 5GIGPUURTWEJGU KUV CWH FKGUGO 'ZGORNCT CPP·JGTPF XQNNUV·PFKI GTMGPPDCT DNGKDV LGFQEJ WPIGNGUGP

9598

9597

9598

#MEG = ? * 0CMJLKY³P UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK 0* ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * 6CDTÄ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG KP FTGK\GKNKIGT #WHUEJTKHV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5WNVCP 8CT &COCNK 6$ ) C 4 8KGTUEJNCI UGJT UEJÌP

+TCP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#WU 5COONWPI -GPPGVJ /CE-GP\KG

113

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9600

9599

+TCM )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 6KVGN 5J³J QJPG CNKH FKG 5GIGPUHQTOGN C\\C PCUTWJW KP GKPGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK $) # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FGT 6KVGN 5J³J QJPG CNKH FKG 5GIGPUHQTOGN C\\C PCUTWJW ÒDGTGKPCPFGT UVGJGPF 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK $) # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9601

ex 9602

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 8CVGTUPCOG OKV 6KVGN MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG QDGP KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM 8CT &COCNK $) ) E 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 8CVGTUPCOG OKV 6KVGN GKPOCN CNU MJ³P DGKO \YGKVGP 5VÒEM CNU UJ³J 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV WPF I *' HH #TVWM 8CT &COCNK $) ) L WPF M 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9603

ex 9604

#MEG = ? * $CIJF³F UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' #TVWM 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK $) ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * /CYUKN /QUWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 8CVGTUPCOG OKV 6KVGN GKPOCN CNU MJ³P DGK GKPGO \YGKVGP 5VÒEM CNU UJ³J GKP FTKVVGU OKV XQTCPIGUVGNNVGO UWNV³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPVGP KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV XKGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK /7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9605

.CTK ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT $CUTC WPF GXGPVWGNN $CIJF³F &TGK 8CTKCPVGP CNNG OKV 4GXGTUUVGORGNP OKV UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P IGRT·IV GKP 5VÒEM OKV URG\KGNNGO .CTK #XGTUUVGORGN XQP $CUTC QJPG GTMGPPDCTGP 5WNVCPUPCOGP FKG CPFGTGP DGKFGP XQP 5JCJK #XGTUUVGORGNP YKG &COCNK $5 ) D IGRT·IV WPF I 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP CWU 5COONWPI -QPUWN /G[GT #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH #RTKN

114

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9607

9606

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF XKGT GKPHCEJG WPF \YGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9608

9609

9610

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F MJ³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& -NGKPG HNCWG 5VGNNG XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F MJ³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF \YGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F MJ³P KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9611

1,5:1

5WNVCPK QJPG ,CJT *CNCD #NGRRQ <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG +OKVCVKQP 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F UJ³ UKE KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³ UKE 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG FCTWPVGT HÄ UCPC LGFQEJ MGKPG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG -PQVGP I \W *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

&KG 2TQFWMVKQP XQP 0CEJCJOWPIGP QUOCPKUEJGT 5WNVCPK WO KUV PWT HÒT FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG /QFGPC CWHITWPF FGT GTJCNVGPGP 5VGORGN PCEJIGYKGUGP &CU FÒTHVG LGFQEJ GKPG <WHCNNUÒDGTNKGHGTWPI CWU GKPGT DTGKVGTGP OÒP\IGUEJKEJV NKEJGP 'TUEJGKPWPI UGKP #P )GYKEJV WPF (GKPIGJCNV UVGJGP UQNEJG +OKVCVKQPGP YKG FKG FGT XGPG\KCPKUEJGP <GEEJKPGP FGP 1TKIKPCNGP UGNVGP PCEJ FC FCU *CWRVCPNKGIGP FGT 2TQFW\GPVGP FCTKP DGUVCPF OKV UQNEJGP /ÒP\GP 7PINGKEJIGYKEJVG FGT )QNF 5KNDGT 4GNCVKQP \YKUEJGP FGO 0QTFGP WPF FGO 5ÒFGP FGU /KVVGNOGGTGUOKV )GYKPP PWV\DCT \W OCEJGP QJPG JQJG 2T·IGIGDÒJTGP \CJNGP \W OÒUUGP

115

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9612

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP NKPMU PGDGP FKGUGO GKP -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 # D )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP QJPG -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P 8CTKCPVG FGT 5EJTKHVCPQTFPWPI \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 # D

FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 4 $TGKVGU 'ZGORNCT UGJT UEJÌP

9614

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF XKGT GKPHCEJG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP DGK J I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK &/ # F )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9619

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF MGKPG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK &/ # F 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

116

9617

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F UJ³J KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO PÑP FGU \YGKVGP 9QTVGU UWNV³P OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN ÒDGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK! PKEJV GTMGPPDCT GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # D 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9618

9615

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP DGK J I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9616

9613

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9620

9621

9622

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F UJ³J KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT -PQVGP CO 4GXGTUTCPF PKEJV UKEJVDCT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # E )1.& #XGTU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV TWPFGO HÄ XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF \YGK GKPHCEJG -PQVGP DGK WPF J I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # )1.& )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN WPVGT UCPC 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF \YGK QFGT FTGK GKPHCEJG -PQVGP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

#WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH /CK .QV 0T

9623

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J C\\C PCUTCJW 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' #TVWM &COCNK *2 ) C )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9624

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J C\\C PCUTCJW 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU -PQVGP ÒDGT *CNCD 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM &COCNK *2 ) D 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

9625

9626

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J CN DCTT YC N DCJT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV I *' #TVWM 2GTVG &COCNK *2 ) E 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ +P FGT /KVVG MNGKPGU UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU FCTWO UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT CO 4CPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 ) 6TQV\ NGKEJVGT &G\GPVTKGTWPI FGU #XGTU INGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

117

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

ex 9627

9627

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ +P FGT /KVVG MNGKPGU UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU FCTWO UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT CO 4CPF HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 ) 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9629

9628

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJTGU\CJN I *' 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK *2 ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9630

5JCJK = ? * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU UWNV³P /WT³F KDP UWNV³P 5GNÄO UJ³J C\\C PCUTCJW 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT KP 7OUEJTKHV FTGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV XGTUEJKGFGPGP $GK\GKEJGP KO #XGTUHGNF WPF I *' #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ ) C E 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9631

5[TKGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT 8CTKCPVGP WPF 8CTKCPVGP * *CNCD \YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP DGKFG OKV 1TPCOGPV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I -CDCMNCTNK *ND WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9632

ex 9633

/CPIKT * &KOCUJS 1TPCOGPV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 0KEJV IGYQIGP *' -CDCMNCTNK &OUJ 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , 5C FC /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X CN OCJTÑUC KP 6WIJTC WPF I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP 5& WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

;GOGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

9634

118

9635

/CPIKT Q , 5CP ³ /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X CN OCJTÑUC I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP -9- /CPIKT Q , -CYMCD³P /ÒPUV·VVG 4X CN OCJTÑUC -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP

5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9636

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN XKGT GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT WPF <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # D )1.& 5VGORGNINCP\ XQT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP /·T\ .QV 0T

9637

.QV XQP \YGK 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN XKGT GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT WPF <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # D )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9638

9639

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ IGPCW YKG XQTJGT I )1.& &QRRGNUEJNCI OKV 9GPFWPI FGU 5EJTÌVNKPIU UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP .KNKG ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF )CDGNDNCVV ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& $TGKVGU 'ZGORNCT UGJT UEJÌP

#WU 5COONWPI 6WTCVJ

9640

.QV XQP \YGK 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP .KNKG ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF )CDGNDNCVV ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT XGTUEJKGFGPG +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM WPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9641

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP .KNKG ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF 5VGTP WPVGT -PQVGP \YKUEJGP FGP $WEJUVCDGP FGU 9QTVGU MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT $GKFGTUGKVU GKP GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF *CNDOQPFMTGKU I FC\W GKP \YGKVGU DGUEJPKVVGPGU 'ZGORNCT XQP I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # E )1.& 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

119

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9642

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P DGKFGTUGKVU GKP GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4CPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P DGKFGTUGKVU GKP GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4CPF I *CNKN 'FJGO HH #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # 8CT )1.& /KPKOCN YGNNKI XQT\ÒINKEJ

9644

9643

9645

9646

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P CU UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P .KPKGPMTGKU WPF *CNDOQPFG CO #XGTUTCPF GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4GXGTUTCPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # 8CT )1.& 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO #XGTUTCPF .KPKGPMTGKU WPF *CNDOQPFG CO 4GXGTUTCPF I *CNKN 'FJGO H #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P .KPKGPMTGKU WPF *CNDOQPFG DGKFGTUGKVU CO 4TCPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9647

120

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P .KPKGPMTGKU WPF *CNDOQPFG DGKFGTUGKVU CO 4TCPF I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

1,5:1

9648

1,5:1

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG YQJN KVCNKGPKUEJG +OKVCVKQP GKPGU 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP GKPHCEJG -PQVGP ÒDGT 5GNÄO WPF ÒDGT MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P OKV MNGKPGP UVKNKUVKUEJGP #PQOCNKGP YKG FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO 9QTV CU UWNV³P OKV PWT \YGK 5RKV\GP $GKFGTUGKVU .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4CPF I \W *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 44 0KEJV DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT INGKEJO·KIG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ .QV 0T .GKEJV WPVGTIGYKEJVKIG 0CEJCJOWPIGP KP QHHGPDCT IWVGO )QNF YWTFGP KP KVCNKGPKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP RTQFW\KGTV +P /QFGPC YCTGP KO ,CJTJWPFGTV PQEJ GKPG #P\CJN XQP 2T·IGUVGORGNP XQTJCPFGP 5VKNKUVKUEJ YGKEJGP FKGUG 2T·IWPIGP PWT YGPKI CD Y·JTGPF UKG VGEJPKUEJ KJTG 8QTDKNFGT ÒDGTVTGHHGP

9649

1,5:1

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG YQJN KVCNKGPKUEJG +OKVCVKQP GKPGU 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ )GPCW YKG XQTJGT LGFQEJ XQP CPFGTGP 5VGORGNP YQJN CWU FGTUGNDGP /ÒP\UV·VVG FC GDGPHCNNU KO 4GXGTU FGT $WEJUVCDG UÄP KO 9QTV CU UWNV³P OKV PWT \YGK 5RKV\GP CWUIGHÒJTV YWTFG $GKFGTUGKVU .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4TCPF I \W *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 44 0KEJV DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT INGKEJO·KIG 2T·IWPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

9650

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN $GK\GKEJGP .KNKG ÒDGT 5GNÄO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT $GKFGTUGKVU GKP GKPHCEJGT .KPKGP WPF *CNDOQPFMTGKU I *CNKN 'FJGO XIN #TVWM XIN 2GTG &COCNK )1.& (CUV XQT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9652

9651

ex 9652

I[RVGP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

/C[FKP * /KUT -CKTQ UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I *' 8CT #TVWM &COCNK /5 ) D 5GJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT = * ? /KUT $NÒVGPQTPCOGPV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP 6WIJTC WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /UT 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

121

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9654

9653

.KD[GP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC TGEJVU PGDGP FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 64 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC NKPMU PGDGP FGT ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 64 # D )1.& 5EJÌP UGJT UEJÌP

CWU 5COONWPI &T 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP $T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 0QXGFODGT .QV 0T

9655

1,5:1

6WPGUKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG UWNV³P /WT³F KDP 5GNÄO MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ WPVGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP FCTWPVGT UCPC FCTWPVGT FKG ,CJTGU\CJN 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 67 # C )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9656

9657

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

&KPCT * 6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP +P 3WCFTCV CWU FQRRGNVGP .KPKGP U³JKD CN CFN CN OWSÄO CU UWNV³P /WT³F KDP CU UWNV³P 5CNÄO CO 4CPF UCPC VJCN³VJC YC VJCO³PÄP YC VKU COK C 4X KP INGKEJGO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW CO 4CPF FKG CWUIGUEJTKGDGP ,CJTGU\CJN WPF TGEJVU FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM $CVGU /0 'JNGTV ;GPKUG[ &COCNK 6. # )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

&KPCT * =6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP ? +P 3WCFTCV CWU FQRRGNVGP .KPKGP U³JKD CN CFN CN OWSÄO CU UWNV³P /WT³F KDP CU UWNV³P 5CNÄO CO 4CPF ³O KJFC YC VKU ÄP YC VKU COK C 4X KP INGKEJGO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW CO 4CPF FKG CWUIGUEJTKGDGP ,CJTGU\CJN YKG KO #XGTU I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM $CVGU /0 'JNGTV ;GPKUG[ &COCNK 6. # )1.& 4 -NGKPGT 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU UGJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U #RTKN .QV 0T

122

Murâd III. ibn Selîm I.

9658

&KPCT * =6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP ? +P 3WCFTCV CWU FQRRGNVGP .KPKGP U³JKD CN CFN CN OWSÄO CU UWNV³P /WT³F KDP CU UWNV³P 5CNÄO CO 4CPF ³O MJCOÄU YC VKU ÄP YC VKU COK C 4X KP INGKEJGO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ OWNMCJW CO 4CPF FKG CWUIGUEJTKGDGP ,CJTGU\CJN YKG KO #XGTU I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM $CVGU /0 'JNGTV ;GPKUG[ &COCNK 6. # )1.& 4 )NGKEJO·KIG WPF FGWVNKEJG #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

9659

9660

9661

9662

9663

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³[KT HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV GKPGO GKPHCEJGP -PQVGP CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %< # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK KTTVÒONKEJ! HÒT * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³[KT HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV -PQVGP YKG XQTJGT I *CNKN 'FJGO 8CT #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³ KT HÄ OKV MWT\ CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV GKPGO 4KPIGN ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %< # D 8CT )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGP FCTD ,C\³ KT HÄ OKV NCPI CWUIG\QIGPGO [³ ÒDGT FGO &CVWO 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP CO 'PFG FGT FTKVVGP <GKNG I *CNKN 'FJGO #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %< # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

123

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

/WJCOOCF +++ KDP /WT³F +++ * #&

/WJCOOCF YCT FGT NGV\VG FGT FTGK 5WNVCPG FKG XQT KJTGO #OVUCPVTKVV FCU 5VCVVJCNVGTCOV KP /CPKUC CWU ÒDVGP 'T YCT FGT 5QJP FGT CWU 8GPGFKI UVCOOGPFGP WPF \W FKGUGT <GKV FGP *CTÄO FQOKPKGTGPFGP 5WNVCPUOWVVGT 5CHÄ[C 5WNV³P $CHHC &KGUG TGIKGTVG \GKVYGKNKI \WU·V\NKEJ FWTEJ KJTGP 5EJYKGIGTUQJP WPF )TQYGUKT &³O³F +DT³JÄO 2³UJ³ &GUUGP #OV YGEJUGNVG Y·JTGPF FGU PGWPL·JTKIGP 5WNVCPCVU \YÌNH /CN YCU FKG RQNKVKUEJG +PUVCDKNKV·V IWV EJCTCMVGTKUKGTV &GT XQP UGKPGO 8CVGT DGIQPPGPG -TKGI CWH FGO $CNMCP WPF KP 7PICTP YWTFG Y·JTGPF FGU IGUCOVGP 5WNVCPCVU OKV YGEJUGNPFGO -TKGIUINÒEM HQTVIGHÒJTV #P GKPGO KOOGTJKP UGEJUOQPCVKIGP (GNF\WI FKGUGU -TKGIGU PCJO FGT 5WNVCP RGTUÌPNKEJ VGKN 5EJYKGTKIMGKVGP KP FGT 6TWRRGPHÒJTWPI HÒJTVGP \W ITQGP <CJNGP XQP &GUGTVKQPGP WPF FKG GPVNCWHGPGP 5QNFCVGP JCVVGP FKG /ÌINKEJMGKV KP #PCVQNKGP DGK TGDGNNKGTGPFGP (GWFCNJGTTGP WPF CDIGHCNNGPGP )QWXGTPGWTGP 5EJWV\ \W UWEJGP #WEJ KO 1UVGP YWTFG FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ OKNKV·TKUEJ JGTCWUIGHQTFGTV KPFGO 5J³J #DD³U #\GTDC[FUEJCP YKGFGT DGUGV\VG )GIGP FKG 7PH·JKIMGKV FGT <GPVTCNGP 4GIKGTWPI KP #PCVQNKGP 1TFPWPI JGT\WUVGNNGP WPF PKEJV \WNGV\V IGIGP FGP 'KPHNWUU FKGUGT 5WNVCPUOWVVGT TKEJVGVG UKEJ GKP #WHUVCPF FGT -CXCNNGTKG YGNEJGT FWTEJ FKG ,CPKVUEJCTGP PKGFGTIGUEJNCIGP YWTFG #NU FGT 5WNVCP CO 'PFG FGUUGNDGP ,CJTGU PQEJ LWPI XGTUVCTD UVCPF GU FCJGT PKEJV IWV OKV FGO 4GKEJ

ex 9664

ex 9665

9666

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * $GNITCF /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK $' ) C 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0QXC $GTFC 0QXQ $TFQ /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 01 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * -ÑcC[PC /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -7 ) 44 4GXGTU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9667

9668

9669

ex 9670

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 1MJTÄ 1JTKF /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 14 ) C D WPF F 4 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * 3CTCVQXC -TCVQXQ /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -4 ) )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

$WNICTKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5ÑHK[C 5QHKC *[DTKF OKV CNVGO #XGTU FGU /WT³F +++ 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE EH &COCNK 51 ) 44 )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * (KNKDG 2NQXFKX /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK (. ) D WPF 8CT 4 5VÒEM 6GKNU ITQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

124

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9672

9671

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFRT·IWPIGP

5WNVCPK * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT UCJKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT I #TVWM 5COONWPI 5EJKOMC &COCNK 5& # )1.& 44 .GKEJV IGYGNNV WPF GKP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌ

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5- # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9673

ex 9674

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5³SK\ %JKQU /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 5< ) 4 5VÒEM #NNG IWV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 5& ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9675

9676

9677

#MEG = ? * 5GN³PÄM 5CNQPKMK /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 5. ) 44 )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG = ? * ;GPKUJGJKT .CTKUUC /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK ;0 ) D 4 5EJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IVG 4CPFRCTVKG UGJT UEJÌP

<[RGTP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * 3KDTKU <[RGTP /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -+ ) 4 )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

9678

9679

9680

6ÒTMGK )QNFRT·IWPIGP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& )WVGU UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV FWTKD FKGUGU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG \YKUEJGP FGO 9QTV FWTKD FKGUGU ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

125

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9682

9681

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW CWH 'PFG FGT WPF #PHCPI FGT <GKNG CWHIGVGKNV /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P 5VGORGN KP HTKUEJGO <WUVCPF I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 66 # D UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 0WT \WT *·NHVG IWV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW CWH 'PFG FGT WPF #PHCPI FGT <GKNG CWHIGVGKNV /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P 5VGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTJGTIGJGPFGP 5VÒEM LGFQEJ ITÌGTGT 5VGORGNCWUDTWEJ CO 4GXGTUTCPF DGK J I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 66 # D UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 4GXGTU GVYCU FG\GPVTKGTV ITQDG 2T·IWPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

9684

9683

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW CWH 'PFG FGT WPF #PHCPI FGT <GKNG CWHIGVGKNV GKP DGKFGTUGKVU OKV FGP DGKFGP XQTJGTIGJGPFGP 5VÒEMGP UVGORGNINGKEJGU 'ZGORNCT LGFQEJ XQP ÒDGTCTDGKVGVGP 5VGORGNP KP UR·VGTGO <WUVCPF I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK 66 # D UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI CO 4CPF UEJNGEJV CWUIGRTÌIV KO <GPVTWO XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW CO #PHCPI FGT <GKNG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCDGK FGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK 66 # C )1.& 8QNNG 2T·IWPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

9685

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 5ÄY³U 5KXCU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG OKV NCPIGO HÄ WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P I 2GTG ¤N¼GT #XTWRC &COCNK 58 # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 'VYCU IGYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

9686

9687

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV C\\C ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPI CWUIG\QIGPG $WEJUVCDGP I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D 8CT )1.& .GKEJV IGYGNNV UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV C\\C \W $GIKPP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FGT $WEJUVCDG D³ ÒDGT FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPF HÄ NCPI CWUIG\QIGP I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

126

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9689

9688

9690

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV C\\C \W $GIKPP FGT <GKNG FCU 9QTV UCPC HGJNV 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPI CWUIG\QIG $WEJUVCDGP I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # L )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV C\\C CO 'PFG FGT <GKNG FKG /ÒP\UV·VVGPPGPPWPI QJPG HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPI CWUIG\QIG $WEJUVCDGP I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # M )1.& 5GJT MNGKPG 2T·IGUEJY·EJG CO 4CPF DGK FGT ,CJTGU\CJN UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9691

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV C\\C ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - # )1.& 44 -TCV\GT UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9693

9692

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO 8KGTGEM I 5WNVCP 2GTG &COCNK #& ) F 5GJT UEJÌP

5JCJK = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT CO 4CPF WPF I 5WNVCP 2GTG &COCNK #& ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9695

ex 9694

9696

5JCJK = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO #EJVGEM \W FGP 5GKVGP FQRRGNVG -PQVGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT CO 4CPF WPF I 5WNVCP 2GTG 8CT &COCNK #& ) H WPF 8CT 5VÒEM 6GKNU HNCW UGJT UEJÌP

/C[FKP = !? * 3CTC OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ I 5WNVCP XIN 2GTG 5JCJK XIN &COCNK #& ) #MEG 44 4GXGTU FG\GPVTKGTV WPF GKP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 0COG KP 8KGTRCUU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT I 5WNVCP 2GTG &COCNK #& ) D 4 5GJT UEJÌP

127

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

ex 9697

#MEG * #TF 4ÑO 'T\WTWO /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK '4 ) E ) 4 )TQDGT 5VKN UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * #PSCTC #PMCTC /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK #0 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

ex 9702

ex 9701

#MEG * +PGIÌN /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK +0 ) C 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK $7 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

#MEG * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP FGU 1TVUPCOGPU WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 66 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9704

ex 9703

ex 9699

#MEG * 'FKTPG /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XKGT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK '& ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

9700

9698

#MEG * 6KTG /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK 6' ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * ,³PLC )ÒOÒqJCPG /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP HH 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK %# ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

9705

ex 9706

ex 9708

#MEG * 5ÄY³U 5KXCU UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK '& ) D 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3CUVCOÑPÄ -CUVCOQPW /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -5 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT CEJV 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM &CU NGV\VG 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#MEG * 3ÑPK[C -QP[C /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT HÒPH 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 &COCNK -1 ) C D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF DGUUGT

128

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9709

1,5:1

/C[FKP * TÒEMN·WHKI 9³P UWNV³P /WJCOOCF MJ³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P \W FGP 5GKVGP WPFGWVNKEJG 7OUEJTKHV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU I 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9710

1,5:1

9711

#MEG * 9³P /WJCOOCF FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ MJCNNCFC MJKN³HCVCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP WPF 8CT 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK 80 ) 4 5VÒEM 6GKNYGKUG UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

6ÒTMGK GKPG -WRHGTOÒP\G

/CPIKT * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 1TPCOGPV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU -PCRRGT 5EJTÌVNKPI HCUV UGJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9712

1,5:1

+TCP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

5JCJK * 6CDTÄ\ 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU FCTWO 5GIGPUYWPUEJ I 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

9713

1,5:1

#TOGPKGP )QNFRT·IWPIGP

5WNVCPK * 0CMJEJKY³P 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT UCJKD CN K\\ YC P PCUT HÄ N DCTT YC N DCJT OKV /ÒPP\GKEJGP C[P CNKH CO 'PFG FGT NGV\VGP <GKNG I 2GTG &COCNK 0* # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

9714

5[TKGP )QNFRT·IWPI

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG OKV -PQVGP KO NCPIGP HÄ WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P /ÒP\\GKEJGP F³N! XQT FGO #PHCPI FGT <GKNG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U #RTKN

129

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9715 9717

9716

#WH *CNDFWMCVGPIGYKEJV DGUEJPKVVGPGT 5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG OKV -PQVGP KO NCPIGP HÄ WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P /ÒP\\GKEJGP .KNKGP CPUVGNNG FGU 6CUJFÄF ÒDGT FGP $WEJUVCDGP UÄP KP FGT WPF <GKNG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK *2 # F )1.& $GUEJPKVVGP 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU KO +PPGTP UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU GKP 5VGTP KP FGT /KVVG FGU 5VGORGNU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P /ÒP\\GKEJGP FTGKDN·VVTKIG IGUVKGNVG $NWOG XQT FGO #PHCPI FGT <GKNG WPF GKP 5VGTP ÒDGT FGO 'PFG FGU 9QTVGU UWNV³P FGT <GKNG I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # E )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P /ÒP\\GKEJGP FTGK 2WPMVG ÒDGT FGO PÑP FGU 9QTVGU UWNV³P KP FGT <GKNG WPF GKP <YGKI CO 'PFG FGTUGNDGP <GKNG I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *2 # D )1.& -NGKPG UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IVG 5VGNNG CO 4CPF UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9718

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU GKP -PQVGP NKPMU WPVGP PCEJ FGO 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P YC MJ³S³P CN DCJTC[P /ÒP\\GKEJGP FTGK 2WPMVG ÒDGT FGO PÑP FGU 9QTVGU UWNV³P KP FGT <GKNG I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK *2 # D 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT XKGT GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPFG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # C )1.& )WVGU UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT \YGK GKPHCEJG -PQVGP CO 4CPFG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # C 8CT )1.& .GKEJV YGNNKI UGJT UEJÌP

9721

9722

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF \YGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP CO 4CPFG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # F )1.& .GKEJV YGNNKI XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT \YGK GKPHCEJG WPF FTGK FQRRNGNVG -PQVGP CO 4CPFG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # F 8CT )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

#WU $CNFYKP U #WEVKQPU # ,WNK .QV

130

9720

9719

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9724

ex 9725

ex 9723

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK *2 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP FGT /KVVG GKP -PQVGP I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK *2 ) F 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE 5 0T &COCNK *2 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9726

1,5:1

/C[FKP = ? * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK 44 /ÒP\UV·VVG WPFGWVNKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

9727

+TCM )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU UWNV³P /WJCOOCF MJ³P KDP /WT³F UJ³J 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF \YGK FQRRNGNVG -PQVGP CO 4CPFG I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK $) # )1.& 44 )WVG #WURT·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

1,5:1

9728

1,5:1

+TCM GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

#MEG = ? * /CYUKN /QUWN UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT! I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK 44 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9729

1,5:1

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV MNGKPGO &TGKDNCVV CNU /ÒP\\GKEJGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPI CWUIG\QIG $WEJUVCDGP I 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

131

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9730

9731

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG /ÒP\\GKEJGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # F )1.& &QRRGNUEJNCI KO 4GX XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\\GKEJGP <YGKI ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # F )1.& ,CJTGU\CJN KPHQNIG OKPKOCNGT &G\GPVTKGTWPI PKEJV UKEJVDCT XQT\ÒINKEJ

9732

9733

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\\GKEJGP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9734

.QV XQP FTGK +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP FGU 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P WPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # C )1.& 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9735

1,5:1

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG +OKVCVKQP GKPGU 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 8GTOWVNKEJ CWU FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG /QFGPC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\\GKEJGP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P KP FGT <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P OKV HGJNGTJCHVGP $WEJUVCDGP UÄP KO 9QTV CU UWNV³P OKV PWT \YGK <·JPEJGP I + )JKTQP &K CNEWPK EQPKK 1UOCPK FGN /WUGQ FK /QFGPC 2GTKQFKEQ FK PWOKUOCVKEC G UHTCIKUVKEC RGT NC UVQTKC F +VCNKC ++ (KTGP\G VCX :+ WPF )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV &QRRGNUEJNCI KO 4GXGTU XQT\ÒINKEJ &KG GTJCNVGPGP 5VGORGN CWU FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG XQP /QFGPC CJOGP 5WNVCPK FGT 5WNVCPG /WTCF +++ WPF /WJCOOCF +++ CWU I[RVGP PCEJ 5KG UKPF PKEJV UVGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO JKGT XQTNKGIGPFGP 5VÒEM ,GFQEJ MCPP FCU JKGT CPIGDQVGPG 5VÒEM CWHITWPF FGU INGKEJCTVKIGP (GJNGTU KO $WEJUVCDGP UÄP UGKPG *GTMWPHV CWU FGTUGNDGP /ÒP\UV·VVG YKG FKG +OKVCVKQPGP ·I[RVKUEJGT 5WNVCPKU FGU /WT³F +++ U Q 0T PKEJV XGTNGWIPGP &KG )NGKEJJGKV FGT KOKVKGTVGP 8QTDKNFGT KUV CNU +PFK\ CWH FKG *GTMWPHV CWU FGT )QP\CIC UEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W DGYGTVGP &CU XQTNKGIGPFG 5VÒEM KUV XQNNIGYKEJVKI FQEJ \GKIV FKG GVYCU JGNNGTG (CTDG FGU )QNFGU GKPGP IGTKPIGTGP (GKPIGJCNV CNU FGP HÒT -CKTQ XQTIGUEJTKGDGPGP CP

132

Muhammad III. ibn Murâd III.

9736

1,5:1

6WPGUKGP )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I 2GTG &COCNK 67 # C )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI XQT\ÒINKEJ &KG -CNNKITCRJKG FKGUGU 5VGORGNRCCTGU YGKEJV XQP FGP DGK &COCNK RWDNK\KGTVGP XKGT 6[RGP FGWVNKEJ CD #WH FGT )TWPFNCIG FGT /CIJTKDÄUEJTKHV WPF WPVGT #WGTCEJVNCUUWPI FGT ÒDNKEJGP JQTK\QPVCNGP QFGT CDHCNNGPFGP 5EJTGKDTKEJVWPI IGNKPIV GU FGO 5VGORGNUEJPGKFGT GKPGP CPP·JGTPF URKGIGNU[OOGVTKUEJGU 5EJTKHVDKNF JGT\WUVGNNGP

9737

9738

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

&KPCT * 6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP +P 3WCFTCV U³JKD CP PCUT YC N CU ³F CNNCFJÄ [WHTKF CN LKJ³F

QFGT DK HWTFCV CN JCOO³F CU UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP CU UWNVCP /WT³F 4CPF ³O VJ³NKVJ CY³O CNH 4X KO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ .KNKG OWNMCJW I 4CPF YKG #X $CVGU /WUGWO 0QVGU 5 0T &COCNK 6. # )1.& 4 5GJT UEJÌP

&KPCT * 6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP +P 3WCFTCV U³JKD CP PCUT YC N CU ³F CN YCUO DK HWTFCV CN LKJ³F CU UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP CU UWNVCP /WT³F 4CPF ³O VJ³NKVJ CY³O CNH 4X KO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ .KNKG OWNMCJW I 4CPF YKG #X $CVGU /WUGWO 0QVGU 5 0T &COCNK 6. # )1.& 4 9GKVIGJGPF MNCTG 4CPFHUEJTKHVGP UGJT UEJÌP

9739

9740

&KPCT * 6KNKOU³P 6NGOEGP +P 3WCFTCV U³JKD CP PCUT YC N CU ³F NK YCUO DK HWTFCV CN LKJ³F CU UWNV³P /WJCOOCF KDP CU UWNVCP /WT³F 4CPF ³O VJ³NKVJ CY³O CNH 4X KO 3WCFTCV O³NKM CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P YC UJ 5J³O YC N +T³SC[P MJCNCF CNNCJ .KNKG OWNMCJW 4CPF QDGP WPF WPVGP YKG #X LGFQEJ NKPMU WPF TGEJVU CDYGKEJGPF WPF WPIGNGUGP I $CVGU /WUGWO 0QVGU 5 0T &COCNK 6. # 8CT )1.& 5GJT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG $TGKVGU WPF TGNCVKX IWV NGUDCTGU 'ZGORNCT UGJT UEJÌP

133

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9741

9742

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %< # C )1.& .GKEJV DGUEJPKVVGP XQT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP )QTP[ /QUEJ /·T\ .QV 0T

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK %< # C )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

#JOCF + KDP /WT³F +++ * #&

/KV PWT ,CJTGP MCO #JOCF CWH FGP 5WNVCPUVJTQP 7O FGP 'KPHNWUU FGT 5WNVCPUOÒVVGT \W DTGEJGP YWTFGP FKGUG UEJQP HTÒJ CWU FGO 6QRMCRi 2CNCUV XGTDCPPV 5QYQJN KO 9GUVGP CNU CWEJ KO 1UVGP GTDVG #JOCF UEJYKGTKIG -TKGIUUKVWCVKQPGP KP FGPGP (GNF\ÒIG PÌVKI GTUEJKGPGP )GIGP FKG 5CHCYKFGP YGNEJG DGTGKVU ITQG 6GKNG #TOGPKGPU GTQDGTV JCVVGP MQPPVG YGPKI CWUIGTKEJVGV YGTFGP IGIGP FKG *CDUDWTIGT IGNCPI GU $WFC \WTÒEM\WGTQDGTP UEJNQUU FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ GKPGP (TKGFGP KP FKGUGO 7PICTPMTKGI &GT -TKGI KO 1UVGP XGTNKGH FCIGIGP HÒT FKG 6ÒTMGP WPVGT FGO $GHGJN FGU #FOKTCNU %KECNC XGTJGGTGPF 9·JTGPF NCPIGT <GKV YCTGP CWEJ FKG ,CN³NÄ KP #PCVQNKGP IGIGPÒDGT FGP 6TWRRGP FGT <GPVTCNTGIKGTWPI ÒDGTNGIGP +P 5[TKGP IGYCPPGP FKG CWVQPQOGP (ÒTUVGP FGT /C P (COKNKG WPF FGT -WTFG #NÄ 2CUJ³ KDP ,³PDWN³V YGKVG )GDKGVG -NGKPGTG 'THQNIG FGU 5WNVCPU KO YGUVNKEJGP /KVVGNOGGT WPF CD CWEJ FKG ITCWUCOG 8GTHQNIWPI FGT ,CN³NÄ 4GDGNNGP KP #PCVQNKGP WPF GKP PGWGT (GNF\WI KO 1UVGP GTNCWDVGP GU OKV FGP 5CHCYKFGP (TKGFGP \W UEJNKGGP QJPG CWH FGP UEJQP NCPIG XGTNQTGP IGICPIGPGP #PURTÒEJGP KP #\GTDC[FUEJCP WPF KO -CWMCUWU DGJCTTGP \W OÒUUGP &GT KO *GTDUV XGTUVQTDGPG PQEJ LWPIG 5WNVCP YCT RQNKVKUEJ YGKVIGJGPF INÒEMNQU CWEJ YGPP FKG RQNKVKUEJG 5KVWCVKQP DGKO .GDGPUGPFG DGUUGT CWUUCJ CNU \W $GIKPP FGT 4GIKGTWPI #NU $CWJGTT FGT 5WNVCP #JOCF /QUEJGG KP +UVCPDWN JCV GT UKEJ GKPGP FCWGTPFGP 2NCV\ KO )GF·EJVPKU FGT 6ÒTMGP IGUEJCHHGP

5GTDKGP WPF /C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = * ? = ? * $GNITCF #MEG * 0QXCDTQFC 8CTKCPVGP #MEG * 7UMÑD

5MQRNLG 5VÒEM 6GKNU UEJNGEJVG #WURT·IWPI UEJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9744

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5- # C )1.& )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP $CNFYKP U +UNCOKE #WEVKQPU /CK .QV 0T

134

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

1,5:1

9745

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 5ÄTÑ\ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK -/ )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP #WU 5COONWPI 6WTCVJ

ex 9746

)TKGEJGPNCPF WPF <[RGTP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 3KDTKU <[RGTP 8CTKCPVGP #MEG * 5KFTG 3CRUÄ 8CTKCPVGP 5WNVCP WPF 5VÒEM 6GKNU GVYCU ITQDG 2T·IWPI OGKUV UGJT UEJÌP

9747

9748

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P GKPG HÒPHDN·VVTKIG 4QUG ÒDGT FGO $WEJUVCDGP UÄP KP CU UWNV³P KP FGT <GKNG I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK #& # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5- # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9749

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP XQT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 5- # C )1.& -NGKPG 2T·IGUEJY·EJG CO 4CPF UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT DGKFGTUGKVU KP <KGTMTGKU I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 66 # D )1.& #XGTU GVYCU FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP

9751

9750

9752

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU KDP OKV CNKH IGUEJTKGDGP 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT DGKFGTUGKVU KP <KGTMTGKU I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 66 # E )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

135

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9753

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT FKG $WEJUVCDGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD UQYKG HÄ NCPI CWUIG\QIGP DGKFGTUGKVU ÒDNKEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4CPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 66 # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG QJPG HÄ WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT MGKPG NCPI IG\QIGPG $WEJUVCDGP DGKFGTUGKVU ÒDNKEJGT .KPKGP WPF 2GTNMTGKU CO 4CPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 66 # F )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

136

9756 1,5:1

9758

9759

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPIIG\QIGPG $WEJUVCDGP I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # C )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG UCPC WPF QJPG HÄ ÒDGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG NCPIIG\QIGPG $WEJUVCDGP I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # J 8CT )1.& 1HHGPDCT UGNVGPG 8CTKCPVG 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU 5COONWPI 6WTCVJ #WMVKQP 5RKPM U 1MVQDGT CWU .QV

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * 6CTCD\ÑP 6TCD\QP 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT

QJPG UCPC FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 65 # D DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 44 #O 4CPF \WT *·NHVG UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

9757

9755

5WNVCPK * ,³PL³ %CPEC 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I XIN #TVWM * 2GTG &COCNK %# # F

DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJ )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9754

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9760

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGO HÄ ÒDGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG D³ KP FWTKDC FKTGMV ÒDGT FGO #PHCPI FGU 9QTVGU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP D³ KP F³TKD WPF U³JKD I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK - # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9761

9762

1,5:1

5WNVCPK HÒT * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU FCDGK FKG \YGKVG <GKNG PCEJ 9QTVGP XQP NKPMU PCEJ TGEJVU CPIGQTFPGV FCTWPVGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK )1.& 44 )WV CWUIGRT·IV WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

'ZGORNCT CWU 5COONWPI &T 8KMVQT 5EJKOMC #WU #WMVKQP &T $WUUQ 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV 0T

9763

5WNVCPK HÒT * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU FCDGK FKG \YGKVG <GKNG PCEJ 9QTVGP XQP NKPMU PCEJ TGEJVU CPIGQTFPGV FCTWPVGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT $GKFGTUGKVU XQP INGKEJGP 5VGORGNP YKG FCU XQTCPIGJGPFG 'ZGORNCT I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK )1.& 44 #XGTU UVCTM FG\GPVTKGTV UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 4CWEJ 9KGP .QV

ex 9764

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

ex 9765

#MEG * 'FKTPG 'ZGORNCTG #MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC #MEG = * ? 6ÑS³V 8CTKCPVGP 2CTC * ,³PLC 8CTKCPVGP #MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C 'ZGORNCTG 2GTG 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

2CTC * 3CTC OKF &K[CTDCMKT 2CTC * 9³P 8CTKCPVGP 2GTG WPF 5WNVCP 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UEJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9766

9767

#\GTDCKLCP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * 5JKTY³P 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO KP 0KUEJGPSWCFTCV I ¤NEGT 5QX[GV 4WU[C &COCNK 5+ ) E 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5EJÌP

5JCJK * 5JKTY³P 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO KP 0KUEJGPSWCFTCV I ¤NEGT 5QX[GV 4WU[C &COCNK 5+ ) E 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

137

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9768

9769

+TCM )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * $CIJF³F 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU HÄ WPVGT FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT KP WPIGYÌJPNKEJGT #PQTFPWPI OKV NCPIIG\QIGPGP HÄ KP FGT XQTNGV\VGP <GKNG I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT &COCNK $) # )1.& 4 #O 4CPF HNCW UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV GKPHCEJGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU QJPG FCU 9QTV UCPC 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK *2 # G )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

9770

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV GKPHCEJGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P FCU 9QTV KDP CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF GKP GKPHCEJGT WPF FTGK FQRRGNVG -PQVGP I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C 8CT #X YKG &/ # C )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9773

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV GKPHCEJGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P FCU 9QTV KDP CO #PHCPI FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT CO 4CPF FTGK GKPHCEJG WPF GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK &/ # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9774

9771

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU OKV FQRRGNVGO -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO 9QTV MJ³P 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU OKV FGO 9QTV UCPC 4GKJG CWU UKGDGP 2WPMVGP ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG XIN &COCNK *2 # C OKV 4GKJG XQP HÒPH 2WPMVGP )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9772

9775

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU FCU 9QTV KDP CO #PHCPI FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG &COCNK &/ # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

<GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG (·NUEJWPI QFGT +OKVCVKQP CWU XGTIQNFGVGO 5KNDGT QFGT 2NCVKP GKPGU 5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU FCU 9QTV KDP WPVGT CJOCF CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I <W #TVWM 2GTG 8CT &COCNK &/ # C

#WU 5COONWPI 6WTCVJ 5VKNKUVKUEJ KUV FKGUG /ÒP\G YGNEJG YGFGT XQO 5COONGT PQEJ XQP FGP 8QTDGUKV\GTP CNU (·NUEJWPI CPIGURTQEJGP YQTFGP YCT PKEJV CWHH·NNKI 'XGPVWGNN MÌPPVG GU UKEJ WO FCU 2TQFWMV GKPGU #NEJGOKUVGP KP FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG JCPFGNP

138

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

ex 9776

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5JCJK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT XQNNIGYKEJVKIG 'ZGORNCTG XQP OGKUV XCTKKGTGPFGP 5VGORGNP WPF I 2GTG 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

ex 9777

5JCJK TGFW\KGTVGP )GYKEJVU * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4GX FTGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV FCTD KP -CTVWUEJG YKG XQTJGT OKV /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU WP F OKV FGO 0COGP #JOCF KO -TGKU WPF I 2GTG WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9778

9779

ex 9778

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ 0COG #JOCF KO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF #JOCF QJPG -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 5WNVCP WPF 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG XQT\ÒINKEJ FKG CPFGTGP UGJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& )WV CWUIGRT·IV WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9780

.QV XQP \YGK 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP WPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9781

.QV XQP FTGK 5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP \YKUEJGP \YGK XGTUEJKGFGPGP #XGTUUVGORGNP INGKEJGT 4GXGTUUVGORGN WPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9782

9783

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 (NCWGT 4CPFDGTGKEJ UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 (NCWGT 4CPFDGTGKEJ UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

139

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9784

9785

5WNVCPK ! * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG XIN &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 (NCWGT 4CPFDGTGKEJ UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

&GT 'KPGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN KUV PKEJV GKPFGWVKI FC FKG #WURT·IWPI KP FKGUGO $GTGKEJ UGJT UEJYCEJ YWTFG +OOGTJKP KUV FCU 8QTMQOOGP FGU ,CJTGU RNCWUKDGN FC &COCNK DGTGKVU CNNG &CVGP XQP DKU PCEJIGYKGUGP JCV UQ FCUU JKGT GKPG WPOKVVGNDCTG (QTVUGV\WPI FGT &CVGPTGKJG IGIGDGP Y·TG 'XGPVWGNN KUV FKG <CJN CWU GKPGT QFGT WOIGUEJPKVVGP YQTFGP &KGU MCPP PWT ÒDGT GKP YGKVGTGU UVGORGNINGKEJGU 'ZGORNCT IGMN·TV YGTFGP <W FGP XQTJGT DGUEJTKGDGPGP 5VÒEMGP DGUVGJGP MGKPG 5VGORGNXGTDKPFWPIGP

5WNVCPK HÒT * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG &COCNK /5 # )1.& 4 (NCWGT 4CPFDGTGKEJ UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

&GT <GJPGT FGT ,CJTGU\CJN FGT YKG GKPG FGWVNKEJG GTUEJGKPV KUV FWTEJ GKPGP UKEJ SWGT FWTEJ FGP 5VGORGN \KGJGPFGP $TWEJ \W GTMN·TGP FGT DGKO 'TTGKEJGP FGT \W GKPGO MNGKPGP #WUDTWEJ KO 5VGORGN HÒJTVG 9CJTUEJGKPNKEJ YCT FGT 8QTFGTUGKVGPUVGORGN DGK FGT 2T·IWPI DGTGKVU KP \YGK 6GKNG \GTURTWPIGP YGNEJG FCPP CWGP WODWPFGP YQTFGP YCTGP WO GKPG (QTVUGV\WPI FGT 2T·IWPI \W GTOÌINKEJGP

ex 9786 ex 9787

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * /KUT -CKTQ 8CTKCPVGP #MEG * /KUT 'ZGORNCTG XQP \YGK XGTUEJKGFGPGP 4GXGTUV[RGP OKV WPF QJPG (GNFWPVGTVGKNWPI UQYKG GKP CWH #MEGIGYKEJV DGUEJPKVVGPGT /C[FKP WPF I 5WNVCP &KG #MEG UGNVGP 5VÒEM <YGK 5VÒEMG DGUEJPKVVGP GKP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV OGKUV UGJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * /KUV -CKTQ <YGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV -PQVGP D\Y $NÒVG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK /UT WPF /UT 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF FCU \YGKVG 5VÒEM OKV )TÒPURCPHNGEMGP HCUV UGJT UEJÌP

9788

1,5:1

.KD[GP GKPG )QNF WPF GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * 6CT³DNWU 6TKRQNKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG XIN &COCNK 64 #

4GXGTU F³TKD CP PCFT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV WPGFKGTV WPF YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ 7PKMWO 5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

9789

1,5:1

#MEG * 6CTCDNWU 6TKRQNKU .KDCPQP QFGT .KD[GP! 6WIJTC 4X =C\\C PCUTCJW? FCTD VCTCDNWU I 5TGEMQXKE 8 5 FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT &COCNK 64 ) FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 7PKMWO! 4GXGTU FG\GPVTKGTV GVYCU XGTMTWUVGV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP 5TGEMQXKE OCEJV OKV UGKPGT ªDGTUKEJV 5 MNCT FCUU GT FKG *GTMWPHV FKGUGU #MEG KO NKDCPGUKUEJGP 6TKRQNKU WPF PKEJV KP 0QTFCHTKMC UKGJV YQHÒT KP FGT 6CV FKG CWH 5[TKGP WPF #OKF DGUEJT·PMVG 0WV\WPI FGU 6WIJTCV[RU HÒT #MEG URTKEJV &COCNK URTKEJV UKEJ HÒT GKPG PQTFCHTKMCPKUEJG *GTMWPHV CWU FQEJ GPVURTKEJV UGKPG 9KGFGTICDG FGU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGPU PKEJV FGO )TCRJGO FGT /ÒP\G UQ FCUU FGT NGXCPVKPKUEJGP .QMCNKUKGTWPI GKPG JÌJGTG 9CJTUEJGKPNKEJMGKV \WMQOOV

140

Ahmad I. ibn Murâd III.

9790 1,5:1

1,5:1

6WPGUKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK 67 # D )1.& 4 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP 7$5 ,CPWCT .QV

9791

3:1

8KGTVGN 5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU UWNV³P #JOCF KDP /WJCOOCF MJ³P 4X C\\C PCUTCJW FWTKDC DK 6Ñ PKU UCPC I 6JQOCU KP 5GXIK )ÌPÒN *CViTC 5C[iUi +UVCPDWN 5 #DD 5

FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT &COCNK 67 # FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 7PKMWO XQP ITQGT IGNFIGUEJKEJVNKEJGT $GFGWVWPI 5GJT UEJÌP <W FGP )TWPF\ÒIGP QUOCPKUEJGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG DKU \W 5WNC[O³P ++ IGJÌTV FCU \·JG (GUVJCNVGP CP GKPGO 4GEJPWPIU WPF <CJNWPIUYGUGP FCU CWH PWT GKPGO 5KNDGTPQOKPCN WPF GKPGO )QNFPQOKPCN CWHDCWV +P FKGUGO )TWPFCV\ YKEJ FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ UQYQJN XQP UGKPGO UCHCYKFKUEJGP YKG CWEJ GWTQR·KUEJGP 0CEJDCTP CD 1D DGK FKGUGT DKU JGWVG GKP\KIGP DGMCPPVGP #WUPCJOG FGT 2T·IWPI GKPGU 8KGTVGNUWNVCPKU KP 6ÒPKU XGPG\KCPKUEJG 8KGTVGNFWMCVGP 2CVG UVCPFGP QFGT CDGT ·NVGTG NCPFGUV[RKUEJG 6TCFKVKQPGP KUV PQEJ WPIGMN·TV &GT *GTTUEJCHVUDGTGKEJ FGT #IJNCDKFGP KP 6WPGUKGP WPF 5K\KNKGP YCT FKG GTUVG 4GIKQP FGT KUNCOKUEJGP 9GNV KP FGT OKV 8KGTVGNFKPCTGP MNGKPG )QNFOÒP\GP \WT 8GTHÒIWPI UVCPFGP WPF \WFGO GKP CO )QNF QTKGPVKGTVGT 4GEJPWPIUFKTJCO \W GKPGO <GJPVGN &KPCT GKPIGHÒJTV YQTFGP YCT $KU \WO 'PFG FGT *CHUKFGPJGTTUEJCHV JCVVG GU MNGKPG )QNFPQOKPCNG KP 6WPKU IGIGDGP &CJGT OCI GU GKPGT (QTFGTWPI FGT -CKTQWCPGT 4GEJVUIGNGJTVGP CP FKG QUOCPKUEJG 8GTYCNVWPI GPVURTQEJGP JCDGP FGT $GXÌNMGTWPI YGKVGTJKP MNGKPG )QNFGKPJGKVGP \WT 8GTHÒIWPI \W UVGNNGP &KG *GTTUEJCHVUÒDGTICPI XQP FGP QUOCPKUEJGP 2CUJCU CP FKG &C[U XQP 6WPKU KP FGP GT ,CJTGP UVGNNVG UKEJGT GKPG 5V·TMWPI FGT NQMCNGP 6TCFKVKQPGP FCT

9792

9793

9794

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK TÒEMN·WHKI * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I 2GTG ¤N¼GT #XTWRC FC &COCNK %< # D )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I 2GTG +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD &COCNK %< # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I 2GTG ¤N¼GT 5QX[GV 4WU[C /QUMXC &COCNK %< # E )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

9795

#NIGTKGP GKPG -WRHGTOÒP\G

/CPIKT * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 5WNVCPUPCOG WPF 5GIGPUYWPUEJ 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK 5GJT UGNVGP 4GXGTU UGJT HNCW UGJT UEJÌP

141

Mustafâ I ibn Muhammad III.

/WUVCH³ + KDP /WJCOOCF +++ 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #&

7PVGT #JOCF + YCT GKP NCPIGY·JTGPFGT $TCWEJ \WT *GTTUEJCHVUUKEJGTWPI CWHIGIGDGP YQTFGP FGT $TWFGT OQTF FGU 5WNVCPU #PUVCVV FGUUGP ICNV DKU \WO 'PFG FGU 1UOCPGPTGKEJU FCU 5GPKQTCV FGT LGYGKNU ·NVGUVG NGDGPFG 5QJP GKPGU 5WNVCPU YWTFG 0CEJHQNIGT KO (CNN FGU 6QFGU QFGT FGT #DUGV\WPI &GUJCND YWTFG /WUVCH³ WPF PKEJV GKPGT FGT 5ÌJPG #JOCFU 0CEJHQNIGT &GT 5[UVGOYGEJUGN YWTFG FGWVNKEJ KP FGT 6WIJTC /WUVCH³U KP FGT GT CWUFTÒEMNKEJ CNU $TWFGT FGU #JOCF DG\GKEJPGV YKTF YQTCWU UKEJ UGKPG *GTTUEJCHVUSWCNKHKMCVKQP CDNGKVGVG &KGUGT 9GEJUGN YKTF XQP GKPKIGP 1UOCPKUVGP FGT OCEJVXQNNGP WPF KPVTKICPVGP 9³NKFG -ÌUGO 5WNVCP FGT (TCW #JOCFU \WIGUEJTKGDGP FKG WPVGT CNNGP 7OUV·PFGP XGTJKPFGTP YQNNVG FCUU FKG /WVVGT FGT 5ÌJPG #JOCFU KP FKG KJT ÒDGTNGIGPG 4QNNG FGT 5WNVCPUOWVVGT CWHUVGKIGP UQNNVG &QEJ FGT 8GT\KEJV #JOCFU CWH FGP $TWFGTOQTF \GKIV CP FCUU FGT 5[UVGOYGEJUGN UEJQP XKGN HTÒJGT UVCVVIGHWPFGP JCVVG 7PIGCEJVGV FGUUGP KUV FGWVNKEJ FCUU FGT *CTÄO WPVGT -ÌUGO 5WNVCP WPF FGO 1DGTGWPWEJGP /WUVCH³ #IJ³ FGP PGWGP 5WNVCP XÌNNKI KP KJTGT )GYCNV JCVVGP #NU FKGUG PWT UEJCVVGPJCHV KP FGT )GUEJKEJVUUEJTGKDWPI GTUEJGKPGPFG *GTTUEJGTIGUVCNV GPVYGFGT CNU /CTKQPGVVG PKEJV HWPMVKQPKGTVG QFGT KP FGT 6CV HÒT FCU #OV WPIGGKIPGV YCT YWTFG GT XQP /WUVCH³ #IJ³ HÒT UEJYCEJUKPPKI GTMN·TV WPF FCU UEJGKPV XQP LGFGTOCPP YKFGTURTWEJUNQU CM\GRVKGTV YQTFGP \W UGKP &KG PCEJHQNIGPFGP 'TGKIPKUUG \GKIGP CDGT FCUU GKPG KO &GVCKN YGPKI PCEJXQNN\KGJDCTG 2CNCUVTGXQNWVKQP XQTCWUIGICPIGP UGKP OWUU

9796

6ÒTMGK GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

/C[FKP * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UVÌVVG WPF &CVWO KO -TGKU 5GIGPUHQTOGN KP 7OUEJTKHV I 2GTG 44 4GXGTU FG\GPVTKGTV WPF 2T·IGUEJY·EJG CO 4CPF UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

9797 1,5:1

1,5:1

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG KUV VCVU·EJNKEJ /WUVCH³ ++ \W\WUEJTGKDGP +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9798

142

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I #TVWM 2GTG +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD ;-$ 2QYGT )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

Uthmân II. ibn Ahmad I.

7VJO³P ++ KDP #JOCF + * #&

0CEJ FGT #DUGV\WPI /WUVCH³U MCO FGT ·NVGUVG 5QJP #JOCFU 7VJO³P ++ CWH FGP 6JTQP FGT KO )GIGP UCV\ \W UGKPGO 8QTI·PIGT CWH JGTTUEJCHVNKEJG #WHICDGP FWTEJ UGKPG XKGNURTCEJKIG 'T\KGJWPI XQTDGTGKVGV YQTFGP YCT &GT LWPIG 5WNVCP GPVHGTPVG \WP·EJUV -ÌUGO 5WNVCP CWU FGO 5CTCK KP FGP #NVGP 2CNCUV KO 5VCFVVGKN $C[C\ÄF &GP 5JC[MJ CN +UN³O NKG GT KO #OV GPV\QI KJO CDGT FKG $GH·JKIWPI \WT #OVUGKPUGV\WPI XQP 4KEJVGTP WPF )GNGJTVGP FGT *QEJUEJWNGP 'T RNCPVG GKPG ICP\G 4GKJG ITWPFNGIGPFGT 4GHQTOGP WPF /CPCJOGP WO FGP )GIGPUCV\ \YKUEJGP #PCVQNKGP WPF -QPUVCPVKPQRGN CWH\WNÌUGP PKEJV \WNGV\V FKG 'KPUEJT·PMWPI FGT /CEJVUVGNNWPI FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGP 7PVGTFGUUGP YCTGP FKG ,CJTG WPF XQP GKPGO -TKGI OKV 2QNGP DGUVKOOV FGT QJPG ITQG 5EJNCEJVGP KO 1MVQDGT OKV GKPGO (TKGFGPUUEJNWUU WPF FGT $GUV·VKIWPI FGT CNVGP )TGP\GP HÒJTVG &KGUGT (TKGFGP OWUU \W GKPGO GTJGDNKEJGP #WHUEJYWPI FGU *CPFGNU \YKUEJGP FGO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ WPF FGO 1UVUGGTCWO IGHÒJTV JCDGP YGPP OCP FGP /CUUGP XQP 1TVUVCNGTP KO $GTGKEJ FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU VTCWGP FCTH FKG CD XQT CNNGO KP &CP\KI -TQPUVCFV 'NDKPI WPF -ÌPKIUDGTI IGRT·IV YQTFGP YCTGP &KG 4GHQTODGUVTGDWPIGP FGU LWPIGP 5WNVCPU YWTFGP KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN CTIYÌJPKUEJ DGVTCEJVGV WPF FGT #WUICPI FGU 2QNGPHGNF\WIGU CNU WPTÒJONKEJ CPIGUGJGP &KG $GMCPPVICDG FGU 2NCPGU GKPGT *³L FGU 5WNVCPU FGT QHHGPDCT KP #PCVQNKGP GKPGP PGWGP 4GIKGTWPIUUKV\ RNCPVG HÒJTVG \WO #PYCEJUGP FGT -TKVKM WPVGT FGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP IGIGPÒDGT FGO )TQYGUKT WPF FGO 5WNVCP +PPGTJCND YGPKIGT 6CIG UEJCWMGNVG UKEJ FKGUGT -QPHNKMV XQO 5JC[MJ CN +UN³O \WU·V\NKEJ CPIGJGK\V CWH &GT )TQYGUKT YWTFG GDGPUQ YKG FGT 1DGTGWPWEJ IGVÌVGV FGT 5WNVCP CDIGUGV\V WPF MWT\ FCTCWH GTOQTFGV

ex 9800

ex 9799

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * $GNITCF #MEG = ? * 0QXCDGTFC DGKFG FTGK\GKNKIGT #XGTUV[R WPF I 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

$WNICTKGP WPF /C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 1MJTÄ 1JTKF 5WNVCPUPCOG KO <GPVTWO 8CTKCPVGP WPF FTGK\GKNKIGT #XGTUV[R #MEG * 5ÑHK[C 5QHKC 5WNVCPUPCOG KO <GPVTWO OKV 7OUEJTKHV 'ZGORNCTG WPF I 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

9801

1,5:1

)TKGEJGPNCPF )QNF WPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 5³SK\ %JKQU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV WPF YQJN WPGFKGTV 5GJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 5QVJGD[ U 1MVQDGT

143

Uthmân II. ibn Ahmad I.

ex 9802

ex 9803

#MEG = ? * 5KTÑ\ ,G GKP 5VÒEM XQO FTGK\GKNKIGP #XGTUV[R WPF OKV 5WNVCPUCOGP KO #XGT\GPVTWO 5TGEMQXKE 8 5 PWT OKV \GPVTCNGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP DGNGIV WPF I 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG WPF = ? ! * ;GPKUJGJKT 6[R OKV \GPVTCNGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP WPF I 5TGEMQXKE 8 5 6[R 44 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM CO 4CPF UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9804

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

2CTC * OKF &K[CTDCMKT &TGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP OKV 6WIJTC WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 'ZGORNCTG 5WNVCPUCOG KO -TGKU WPF /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP OCPFGNHÌTOKIGT (CUUWPI D\Y KP -TGKU #MEG = * ? OKF 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU WPF /ÒP\UV·VVGPCOG KO -TGKU FTGK 'ZGORNCTG WPF I 5WNVCP WPF 5VÒEM )TQDG 2T·IWPI OGKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9805

ex 9806

1PNWM * 'FKTPG WPF #MEG * 'FKTPG ,GYGKNU \YGK 'ZGORNCTG CNNG OKV 5WNVCPUPCOGP KO <GPVTWO WPF I 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC <YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV \GPVTCNGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP #MEG = * ? 6ÑS³V

6QMCV XQO FTGK\GKNKIGP 6[R 1PNWM * ,³PLC %CPEC 2CTC * ,³PEC \YGK 8CTKCPVGP DGKFG OKV 6WIJTC #MEG = * ? ,³PLC FTGK\GKNKIGT 6[R WPF I 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9807

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN +PVGTRWPMVKQPUXCTKCPVGP #MEG = * ? 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C WPF GKP 1PNWM = * ? CWU GKPGT PKEJV NGUDCTGP RTQXKP\KGNNGP /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I 2GTG WPF ! 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP QFGT DGUUGT

9808 1,5:1

1,5:1

5[TKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD )1.& 44 )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI CWH DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

9809

144

1PNWM = * ? *CNCD 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU #MEG * *CNCD FTGK\GKNKIGT #XGTUV[R WPF I 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Uthmân II. ibn Ahmad I.

9810

9811

9812

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG WPVGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD ! )1.& )NGKEJO·KIG #WURT·IWPI XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG ÒDGT FGO 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD ! )1.& 5GNVGPG 8CTKCPVG 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9813

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * /KUT -CKTQ &TGK 8CTKCPVGP FGU FTGK\GKNKIGP #XGTUV[RU #MEG * /KUT -CKTQ &TGK 8CTKCPVGP CNNG OKV 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU WPF I 2GTG WPF 5WNVCP WPF 5VÒEM 'KP /C[FKP OKV 4CPFHGJNGT UQPUV OGKUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9814

.KD[GP GKPG -WRHGTOÒP\G

/CPIKT Q , 6CT³DNWU 6TKRQNK 5WNVCPUPCOG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK 6TDI #XGTU FG\GPVTKGTV WPF MPCRRGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

9815

1,5:1

#NIGTKGP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG QJPG FCU 9QTV HÄ 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV )TÌGTG 4CPFRCTVKG UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

145

Mustafâ I ibn Muhammad III.

/WUVCH³ + KDP /WJCOOCF +++ 4GIKGTWPIURGTKQFG * #& /KV FGT 9KGFGTGKPUGV\WPI /WUVCH³U MCO CWEJ -ÌUGO 5WNVCP YKGFGT KP FCU 5GTCK Y·JTGPF FKG ,CPKV UEJCTGP \WOKPFGUV DGOÒJV YCTGP UKEJ HÒT FCU ªDGTNGDGP FGT $TÒFGT FGU 'TOQTFGVGP GKP\WUGV\GP

1,5:1

9816

1,5:1

$WNICTKGP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

1PNWM * 5ÑHK[C 5QHKC 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT ,CJT KO -TGKU CO 4CPFG 6KVGN WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P ő I 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV +P FGT /KVVG HNCW LGFQEJ DGUQPFGTU MNCTGT /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG

1,5:1

9817

1,5:1

)TKGEJGPNCPF GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

#MEG * ;GPKUJGJKT &TGK\GKNKIGT #XGTUV[R I 5WNVCP 'KP &TKVVGN UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

9818

1,5:1

6ÒTMGK )QNF WPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK #& #

FKGUGU 5VÒEM )1.& 8GTOWVNKEJ 7PKMWO 8QT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP #WU #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH 0QXGODGT .QV

ex 9819

146

9820

9821

2CTC * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT &CVWO KO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG &COCNK #& ) C 5VÒEM 6GKNU UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

1PNWM * 'T\WTÑO 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT &CVWO KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG &COCNK #& ) C 5VÒEM /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG DGK GTUVGP 5VÒEM WPFGWVNKEJ VGKNU UEJYCEJG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

1PNWM * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT &CVWO KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 2GTG &COCNK 66 ) 4 /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG FGWVNKEJ *·NHVG UEJNGEJV CWUIGRT·IV UGJT UEJÌP

Mustafâ I ibn Muhammad III.

ex 9823

9822

1PNWM * ,³PLC 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT &CVWO KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P ő I 2GTG &COCNK %# ) 5GNVGP KP FKGUGT 'TJCNVWPI /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG FGWVNKEJ GTHCUUV UGJT UEJÌP

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT &CVWO KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG KP 7OUEJTKHV FCDGK GKPG 8CTKCPVG OKV &CVWO QFGT WPF GKWPG CPFGTG OKV GKPGO -PQVGP CPUVGNNG FGU 9QTVGU KDP ÒDGT FGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP 4X 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 8CTKCPVGP FC\W GKP UVCTM DGUEJPKVVGPGT /C[FKP FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG /KUT -CKTQ WPF I 2GTG &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG DGK GKPKIGP 5VÒEM WPFGWVNKEJ VGKNU UEJYCEJG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

9824 1,5:1

1,5:1

5[TKGP GKPG )QNF WPF GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU CEJV 2WPMVG ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 7PGFKGTV WPF XQP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ UGJT UEJÌP

9825

1PNWM * *CNCD #NGRRQ 5WNVCPUPCOG ÒDGT -PQVGP KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO PKEJV NGUDCT KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 2GTG &COCNK *2 ) 4 /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG FGWVNKEJ IWVGU UGJT UEJÌP

9826 1,5:1

1,5:1

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 8QT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP $CNFYKP U +UNCOKE #WEVKQPU /CK .QV

ex 9827

#MEG * /KUT -CKTQ 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU /ÒO\UV·VVG KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG WPF &COCNK /5 ) D WPF ) D 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ WPF UEJÌP

147

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

/WT³F +8 KDP #JOCF + * #&

&GT 4GIKGTWPIUCPVTKVV FGU GNHL·JTKIGP /WT³F GTNCWDVG GKPGTUGKVU FGP CWU FGO /CEJVMCORH UKGITGKEJ JGTXQTIGICPIGPGP ,CPKVUEJCTGP ÒDGT FGP )TQYGUKT KJTG 2QUKVKQP \W HGUVKIGP CPFGTGTUGKVU FGT 5WNVCPUOWVVGT -ÌUGO 5WNVCP #PVGKN CP FGT 5VCCVUHÒJTWPI \W GTNCPIGP 5EJQP DCNF DTCEJVG GKPG GTJGDNKEJG OKNKV·TKUEJG 0KGFGTNCIG FKG KTCPKUEJGP 5CHCYKFGP MQPPVGP $CIJFCF WPF FGP IGUCOVGP +T³S GKPPGJOGP FKG )GNGIGPJGKV FGP )TQYGUKT FGT FKGU PKEJV JCVVG XGTJKPFGTP MÌPPGP FWTEJ GKPGP 2CTVGKI·PIGT FGT )GIGPUGKVG \W GTUGV\GP &C FKG *GTTGP FGT CPCVQNKUEJGP WPF ÌUVNKEJGP 2TQXKP\GP KJTGP 5VGWGTXGTRHNKEJVWPIGP CP FKG <GPVTCNG YGKVIGJGPF PKEJV PCEJMCOGP IGNCPI GU FGT 5VCCVUHÒJTWPI LCJTGNCPI PKEJV FGP 'TTQUKQPURTQ\GUU KO 5ÒFGP WPF 1UVGP CWH\WJCNVGP &CU LGOGPKVKUEJG $GTINCPF IKPI HCUV XQNNUV·PFKI CP FKG \C[FKVKUEJGP +OCOG XGTNQTGP &GT 0QTFKTCM MQPPVG \WTÒEMIGYQPPGP YGTFGP FQEJ KP $CIJFCF ÒDGTUVCPF FKG UCHCYKFKUEJG *GTTUEJCHV WPF CWHGKPCPFGT HQNIGPFG QUOCPKUEJG 4ÒEMGTQDGTWPIUXGTUWEJG +O 0QTFGP MQPPVG FKG QUOCPKUEJG 1DGTJQJGKV ÒDGT FCU -JCPCV FGT -TKO VCVCTGP KP GKPGO -QPHNKMV KPPGTJCND FGU JGTTUEJGPFGP )KTCKENCPU PWT FWTEJ GKPGP (GNF\WI IGYCJTV YGTFGP &GOIGIGPÒDGT DGFGWVGVG FKG INGKEJ\GKVKIG #WUYGKVWPI FGT /CEJV FGT NKDCPGUKUEJGP $CPW /C P &[PCUVKG ÒDGT FGP ITÌGTGP 6GKN 5[TKGPU WPF FGT /CONWMGP KP I[RVGP \YCT MGKP #WUUEJGKFGP CWU FGO QUOCPKUEJGP 5VCCVUXGTDCPF FQEJ XGTTKPIGTVG UKEJ FCFWTEJ 'KPHNWUU WPF 5VGWGTCWHMQOOGP /WT³F JCVVG FWTEJ FGP $GTCVGT -Q¼i $G[ GKPG MNCTG 8QTUVGNNWPI XQP UGKPGP #WHICDGP \WT &WTEJUGV\WPI GKPGU UVCTMGP <GPVTCNUVCCVGU CNU GT FKG 8QNNL·JTKIMGKV GTTGKEJVG 5Q UQNN GU KJO IGNWPIGP UGKP DKPPGP MWT\GT <GKV PCEJ FKG -QTTWRVKQP KP FGT 8GTYCNVWPI CD\WUEJCHHGP 'T IKPI FCDGK OKV FTCMQPKUEJGP /KVVGNP GZGORNCTKUEJGP $GUVTCHWPIGP WPF FGO #WHDCW GKPGU 5RKV\GNU[UVGOU XQT #NU GT UEJNKGNKEJ CWEJ RGTUÌPNKEJ (GNF\ÒIG IGIGP FCU 5CHCYKFGPTGKEJ HÒJTVG NKG GT \WXQT OKV GKPGT #WUPCJOG CNNG UGKPG $TÒFGT WODTKPIGP WO OÌINKEJGP #WHUV·PFGP Y·JTGPF UGKPGT #DYGUGPJGKV FKG (ÒJTWPI \W PGJOGP 6CVU·EJNKEJ MQPPVG GT HÒT MWT\G <GKV #TOGPKGP WPF #\GTDCKFUEJCP FGP 5CHCYKFGP CDPGJOGP 'KP GTPGWVGT 8QTUVQ KP FKGUG 4KEJVWPI YWTFG CDGT WPOÌINKEJ FC YKGFGTMGJTGPFG 2TQDNGOG \YKUEJGP -QUCMGP WPF -TKOVCVCTGP WPF CWEJ KPVGTPG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP KP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP KP FGPGP UKEJ NGV\VNKEJ FGT JCDUDWTIKUEJGT 6GPFGP\GP XGTF·EJVKIVG )GQTI 4CMQE\[ FKG 1DGTJCPF IGYCPP FKG CWHOGTMUCOG 8GTHQNIWPI WPF 'KPHNWUUPCJOG GTHQTFGTVG 'TUV FCPCEJ MCO GU #PHCPI \W GKPGO ITQCPIGNGIVGP (GNF\WI IGIGP FGP 5CHCYKFGPUVCCV FGUUGP #WHVCMV OKV FGT IGYCNVUCOGP 8GTVTGKDWPI UEJKKVKUEJGT )GKUVNKEJMGKVGP CWU 0QTFOGUQRQVCOKGP DKNFGVG <WT ªDGTTCUEJWPI FGT <GKVIGPQUUGP YWTFG XQO 9KPVGTNCIGT KP /QUWN CWU XGTJCPFGNV WPF \YCT OKV 'THQNI /CP GKPKIVG UKEJ FCTCWH FCUU FGT +TCM QUOCPKUEJ DNGKDGP UQNNG #\GTDC[LCP WPF #TOGPKGP FCIGIGP UCHCYKFKUEJ 5Q DNKGD FKG )TGP\G CWEJ DKU KP FCU ,CJTJWPFGTV JKPGKP IG\QIGP CWEJ YGPP GU KO ,CJTJWPFGTV XQP DGKFGP 5GKVGP JGT \W \GKVYGKNKIGP $GUGV\WPIGP LGPUGKVKIGT )TGP\IGDKGVG MCO &CU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ JCVVG FCOKV YKGFGT FGP FKTGMVGP <WICPI \WO )QNH WPF \WO YKEJVKIGP +PFKGPJCPFGN 7POKVVGNDCT PCEJ FGT 4ÒEMMGJT CWU FGO +TCM XGTUVCTD /WTCF +8 KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN KO (GDTWCT 'T JKPVGTNKG GKP PCEJ CWGP YKTVUEJCHVNKEJ UVCTMGU 4GKEJ YGNEJGU KO +PPGTP FWTEJ UVCCVNKEJGP 6GTTQT <WUCOOGPJCNV IGHWPFGP JCVVG

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * $GNITCF 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT <YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG 5VÒEM OKV 5EJTÌVNKPIUTKUU WPF VGKNU UEJYCEJ IGRT·IV FCU \YGKVG IGDTQEJGP OKV 4CPFCWUDTWEJ LGFQEJ INGKEJO·KIG 2T·IWPI WPF IWVGU UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9829

$QUPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

148

#MEG * 5CT³[ 5CTCKGXQ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8KGT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP WPF ÒDGTFWTEJUEJPKVVNKEJ IWV CWUIGRT·IV

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

ex 9830

ex 9831

9833

ex 9832

/C\GFQPKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 7UMÑD 5MQRNLG WPF 3CVCVQXC 5VÒEM 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP QFGT DGUUGT

$WNICTKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5ÑHK[C 5QHKC 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT &TGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP 5VÒEM &CU FTKVVG 5VÒEM QHHGPDCT IGTKPIJCNVKI UGJT UEJÌP

)TKGEJGPNCPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5GN³PÄM 5CNQPKMK 5KFTG 3CRKUK WPF ;GPKUJGJKT .CTKUUC 5VÒEM 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP WPF 6GKNU UGNVGP 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

<[RGTP GKPG 5KNDGTOÒP\G

#MEG * 3WDTWU <[RGTP 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP /CE-GP\KG 0WOKUOCVKEU +PVGTPCVKQPCN $WLNNGVKP 5 FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 44 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9835

ex 9834

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

$GUJNKM ! * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP OCPFGNHÌTOKIGT 'KPHCUUWPI 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ ÒDGT MPQVGPDGUGV\VGT FTGKHCEJGT 6TGPPNKPKG FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) C 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG 5VÒEM IGNQEJV HCUV UGJT UEJÌP

2CTC * OKF &K[CTDCMKT &TGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP 5WNVCPUPCOG KP -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU 8CTKCPVGP 5WNVCPUPCOG KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG WPF /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP 5GEJURCUU 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP UKIKNNKO 5CNQOQPKU WPF I 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) C WPF 6GKNU 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9836

ex 9837 ex 9838

#MEG = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP -TGKU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF ,CJT CO 4CPF I 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 'FKTPG 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT &TGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK '& ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP QFGT DGUUGT

2CTC = ? * 'T\WTÑO ! 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU 6KVGN KP 7OUEJTKHV 4X FCTD KO -TGKU KP FGT 7OUEJTKHV FQRRGNVGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I &COCNK '4 ) FC\W GKP IGNQEJVGT #MEG CWU FGT /ÒP\UV·VVG #PSCTC #PMCTC &COCNK #0 ) 4 5VÒEM &CU GTUVG 5VÒEM UGJT UEJÌP FGT #MEG XGTRT·IV WPF IGNQEJV

149

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

9840

ex 9839

#MEG * $TÑUC $WTUC 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP WPF &COCNK $7 ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP QFGT DGUUGT

#MEG * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KO -TGKU I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 66 ) C 4 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9841

ex 9842

9843

#MEG * 6ÑS³V 6QMCV 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 6+ ) 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * ,³PLC 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK %# ) D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUPCOG KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 2GTG 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9844

2CTC * 3WUVCPVKPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTD KP -CTVWUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG &CVWO 8CTKCPVGP QJPG WPF OKV XGTUEJKGFGPGP <GKEJGP ÒDGT FGO D³ KP FCTD WPF I 2GTG &COCNK - ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9846

ex 9847

#MEG * )ÒOÒUJ³PG ! 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 0KIDÑNÄ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGP &KCMTKVKMC CWH FGO #XGTU DGKFG XQO UGNDGP 4GXGTUUVGORGN WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 0) ) 44 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9848

ex 9849

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT WPF * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU D\Y $NÒVGPQTPCOGPV 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU WPF 5VÒEM 5EJÌP

&KTJCO = ? * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X 0COG OKV 6KVGN CNU IJ³\Ä /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

150

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

9850 1,5:1

1,5:1

5[TKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU CEJV QFGT PGWP 2WPMVG ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG ;-$ 2QYGT QH )QNF )1.& 44 4CPFDGTGKEJG UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9851

1,5:1

5WNVCPK = ? * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG )1.& 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 9KP\KIGU .QEJ WPF UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IVG 4CPFDGTGKEJG UGJT UEJÌP

9853

9852

9854

#MEG = ? * =*CNCD? #NGRRQ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG 6[R ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK *2 ) E 44 5GJT UEJÌP

;GOGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG * 5CP ³ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 5# ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 5CP ³ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 5# ) 44 &GT \W FÒPPG 5EJTÌVNKPI KP FGT /KVVG OGJTHCEJ FWTEJIGUEJNCIGP MNGKPG .ÌEJGT UGJT UEJÌP

9856

ex 9855

9856

;GOGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * 5CP ³ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X CN OCJTÑU WPF I -CDCMNCTNK ;GOGP 50 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI GVYCU YGNNKI UGJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

151

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

9857

9858

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP GKPHCEJGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P GKPG YGKVGTG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG )1.& 4CPF GVYCU UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9860

9859

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT )1.& 4CPF GVYCU UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU \YKUEJGP FGO 8CVGTUPCOGP WPF FGUUGP 6KVGN MJ³P GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I #TVWM 2GTG 8CT )1.& )GUVQRHVGU .QEJ UGJT UEJÌP

9863 ex 9862

ex 9861

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP * /KUT -CKTQ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK /5 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * /KUT -CKTQ 5WNVCPUPCOG KP -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK /5 ) FC\W GKP CWH #MEGIGYKEJV DGUEJPKVVGPGT /C[FKP 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

6WPGUKGP GKPG -WRHGTOÒP\G

/CPIKT * 6ÑPKU 5WNVCPUPCOG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I -CDCMNCTNK 6W

1,5:1

9864

5GJT UEJÌP

1,5:1

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

152

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FCU 9QTV HÄ URKGIGNXGTGMGJTV 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM CNU $WTUC IGNGUGP 2GTG )1.& WGTUV UGNVGPGU ,CJT YQJN WPRWDNK\KGTV 5GJT UEJÌP

Murâd IV. ibn Ahmad I.

9865

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG )1.& 5GNVGPGU ,CJT YQJN WPRWDNK\KGTV 5EJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IVG 5VGNNG CO 4CPF UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

9867

9866

9868

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG XIN &COCNK %< # CNU #JOCF + DGUVKOOV )1.& #O 4CPF UEJYCEJ UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP

&GT 5VKN FKGUGT WPF FGT DGKFGP HQNIGPFGP 5WNVCPKU KUV DGUQPFGTU ITQD YQFWTEJ KP FGT 8GTICPIGPJGKV FKXGTUG (GJNDGUVKOOWPIGP JGTXQTIGTWHGP YWTFGP +PUDGUQPFGTG FKG 6GPFGP\ CO 'PFG GKPGT <GKNG FKG (QTVUGV\WPI QDGPJKP \W UWEJGP JCV JKGT FC\W IGHÒJTV FCUU FGT 8CVGTUPCOG #JOCF FKTGMV JKPVGT FGO GKPNGKVGPFGP 5WNVCPUVKVGN \W HKPFGP KUV Y·JTGPF FCTWPVGT FCU 9QTV KDP UVGJV &CU KUV MQPUGSWGPVGTYGKUG CNU UWNV³P #JOCF KDP /WT³F MJ³P IGNGUGP YQTFGP YCU CWH #JOCF + \W FGWVGP UEJKGP &KG UVGVU NKGFGTNKEJ IGUEJTKGDGPGP ,CJTGU\CJNGP XGTUCIVGP DGK FGT $GVTCEJVWPI XQP 'KP\GNUVÒEMGP TGIGNO·KI CNU -QTTGMVKX

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP XQP DGUQPFGTU ITQDGO 5VKN I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG XIN &COCNK %< # CNU #JOCF + DGUVKOOV )1.& #XGTU NGKEJV FG\GPVTKGTV XQT\ÒINKEJ CWU 5CPOONWPI 5EJKOMC #WMVKQP 2GWU 0CEJH 1MVQDGT .QV

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG XIN &COCNK %< # CNU #JOCF + DGUVKOOV )1.& 'VYCU FG\GPVTKGTV WPF 2T·IGUEJY·EJG UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9869 1,5:1

1,5:1

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I 8IN #TVWM XIN 2GTG XIN &COCNK %< # CNU #JOCF + DGUVKOOV )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

153

Ibrâhîm ibn Ahmad

1,5:1

9870

1,5:1

0QTFCHTKMC GKPG )QNFOÒP\G CWU FGT WPDGUVKOOVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG 5$;

5WNVCPK * 5$; PKEJV IGNGUGPG WPF PKEJV KFGPVKHK\KGTVG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5WNV³P /WT³F MJ³P KDP UWNV³P #JOCF C\\C PCUTCJ HÄ MJ³P FWTKD 5$; \W FGP 5GKVGP FGT <CJN LG GKPG XKGTDN·VVTKIG $NÒVG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P YC MJ³S³P CN DCTTC[P YC N DCJTC[P UWNV³P KDP CU UWNV³P KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP I &COCNK 0/ # FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 8QP ITÌVGT 5GNVGPJGKV WPF YCJTUEJGKPNKEJ 7PKMWO 8QNNG #WURT·IWPI CWH DTGKVGO 5EJTÌVNKPI XQT\ÒINKEJ #WU #WMVKQP $CNFYKP U +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQPU /CK .QV

&GT $GCTDGKVGT FGU #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIU OWVOCNKEJ 4QDGTV &CTNG[ &QTCP JCV CWU FGT WPIGYÌJPNKEJGP 2T·IGLCJT FCVKGTWPI CWH GKPG 2T·IWPI KO *CWRVSWCTVKGT FGU 5WNVCPU DGKO 5CHCYKFGPHGNF\WI \WO <GKVRWPMV FGU (TKGFGPU UEJNWUUGU XQP 3CUT K 5JÄTÄP IGUEJNQUUGP YGNEJGU KP /QUWN YCT &KG RGTHGMVG #WURT·IWPI FGWVGV \YCT CWH GKPG ÌUVNKEJG 2T·IWPI FQEJ FGT 5VKN FGT 5EJTKHV OKV UGKPGP JQEJIG\QIGPGP HKPCNGP PÑP KP MJ³S³P WPF KP DCJTC[P YKG CWEJ FGT \GPVTCNG -PQVGP FGWVGP GJGT CWH GKPG *GTMWPHV CWU 6TKRQNKVCPKGP QFGT FGO YGKVGTGP 9GUVGP &QTV KUV CWEJ FKG &CVKGTWPI OKV FGO 2T·IGLCJT YGPKIGT GTMN·TWPIUDGFÒTHVKI CNU KO 1UVGP &COCNK INCWDV FCUU FCU CNU /ÒP\UV·VVGP PCOG IGNGUGPG 9QTV CNU UCPC \W NGUGP UGK WPF FCJGT FKGUGU 5VÒEM ÒDGTJCWRV MGKPGP /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP VTCIG &CDGK XGTYGKUV GT CWH GKPGP PQTFCHTKMCPKUEJGP 5WNVCPKFGU +DTCJKO FGT GDGPHCNNU MGKPG /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG VTCIG &KGUGU 5VÒEM 0/ # \GKIV CDGT FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG ,C\³ KT CP WPF KUV UVKNKUVKUEJ PKEJV FGWVNKEJ XGTYCPFV 9KG FKG JKPTGKEJGPF MNCT DG\GKEJPGVG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W NGUGP KUV YGTFGP *KUVQTKMGT OKV 5RG\KCNMGPPVPKUUGP FGT )GUEJKEJVG FGT $CTDCTGUMGP UVCCVGP UKEJGTGT DGWTVGKNGP MÌPPGP CNU FGT IGIGPY·TVKIG $GCTDGKVGT

+DT³JÄO KDP #JOCF * #&

154

+DTCJKO YCT FGT GKP\KIG $TWFGT FGP /WT³F JCVVG NGDGP NCUUGP LGFQEJ CNU )GHCPIGPGP QJPG #WUDKNFWPI WPF KP UV·PFKIGT (WTEJV WO UGKP .GDGP 8QP UGKPGO $TWFGT /WT³F ÒDGTPCJO GT FGP OCEJVXQNNGP )TQYGUKT -GOCPMGUJ 3CTC /WUVCH³ 2³UJ³ &GT NGKVGVG FCU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ Y·JTGPF FGT GTUVGP XKGT 5WNVCPCVULCJTG KP (TKGFGP WPF GT TGQTICPKUKGTVG FKG 2TQXKP\KCNXGTYCNVWPI KPFGO GT GTUVOCNU PCEJ FGP $ÒTIGTMTKGIULCJT\GJPVGP YKGFGT GKP .CPFMCVCUVGT GTUVGNNGP NKG #WEJ FKG /ÒP\RT·IWPI OWUU KP FKGUGP ,CJTGP YKGFGT CWH GKPGP IWVGP 5VCPF IGDTCEJV YQTFGP UGKP WPF FKG 2T·IGUV·VVGP 4WOGNKGPU WPF #PCVQNKGPU YWTFGP CWH -QPUVCPVKPQRGN MQP\GPVTKGTV HCNNU FKGUG /CPCJOG PKEJV DGTGKVU KP FKG NGV\VGP 4GIKGTWPIULCJTGP /WT³FU +8 \W FCVKGTGP KUV 'U IGNCPI FGP CWUIGYQIGPGP 5VCCVUJCWUJCNV \W GTJCNVGP &KG /CEJVMQPUVGNNCVKQP ·JPGNVG PWP YKGFGT FGT XQO *GTTUEJCHVUDGIKPP FGU WPOÒPFKIGP /WT³F +8 #O *QH JCVVG FGT )TQYGUKT WO FGP URKTKVWGNNGP $GTCVGT FGU 5WNVCPU ,KPLK -JQLC WPF FKG OCEJVDGYWVG 5WNVCPUOWVVGT -ÌUGO 5WNVCP GKPG )GIGPRCTVGK YGNEJGT GU IGNCPI 3CTC /WUVCH³ UEJNKGNKEJ KO ,CPWCT \W UVÒT\GP WPF JKP\WTKEJVGP 5GKPG 0CEJHQNIGT YGEJUGNVGP KP UEJPGNNGT WPF DNWVKIGT (QNIG +DTCJKO ÒDGT FGP YKT JCWRVU·EJNKEJ FWTEJ FGP %JTQPKUVGP 0CKOC WPVGTTKEJVGV YGTFGP FGT KP FGT IKFG FGT P·EJUVHQNIGPFGP 5WNVCPUOWVVGT UEJTKGD YKTF XQP <GKVIGPQUUGP WPF 0CEJYGNV SWCUK CNU &TQJPG KO TKGUKIGP *CTÄO FGU XQP #WUUVGTDGP DGFTQJVGP 1UOCPGPJCWUGU IGUEJKNFGTV 'KP V[TCPPKUEJGT %JQNGTKMGT QJPG UVCCVUO·PPKUEJG (·JKIMGKVGP FGUUGP *GPMGTP LGFGTOCPP CWUIGUGV\V UGKP MQPPVG FGT KJO UGK GU CWEJ PWT \WH·NNKI \W PCJG MCO 'T UGK XQP FGP 7PVGTVCPGP CNU FGT XGTTÒEMVG +DTCJKO DG\GKEJPGV YQTFGP &TGK .GKFGPUEJCHVGP J·VVGP KJP IGRT·IV HÒT FKG GT GKIGPU 5VGWGTP GTJQDGP JCDG P·ONKEJ FKG (TCWGP KP

Ibrâhîm ibn Ahmad UGKPGO *CTÄO FCPP <QDGNRGN\G KP -NGKFWPI &GEMGP WPF (WDÌFGP WPF $GTPUVGKP CNU 4·WEJGTYGTM &KG 2TCEJVGPVHCNVWPI FKG GT UGKPGP )GOCJNKPPGP WPF 5MNCXKPPGP OKV GFNGP 5VQHHGP 2GN\GP )QNF WPF 'FGN UVGKPGP GTOÌINKEJVG YWTFG CNU UMCPFCNÌU GORHWPFGP CWEJ YGPP UKG \WT INGKEJGP <GKV CO /QIJWNJQH UGNDUVXGTUV·PFNKEJ YCT 6CVU·EJNKEJ YWTFG FKGUG JÌHKUEJG 2TCEJV Y·JTGPF FGT \YGKVGP 4GIKGTWPIUJ·NHVG PKEJV \WNGV\V FWTEJ -QPHKUMCVKQPGP HKPCP\KGTV &KGUG \YGKVG 4GIKGTWPIUJ·NHVG UVCPF CWGPRQNKVKUEJ WPVGT FGO 8QT\GKEJGP FGU -TKGIGU OKV 8GPGFKI &CU 1UOCPKUEJG 4GKEJ DGUEJWNFKIVG FKG 5GTGPKUUKOC OKV 5GGT·WDGTP KO $WPFG \W UGKP YQTWPVGT XQT CNNGO FKG (NQVVG FGU /CNVGUGTQTFGPU XQP /CNVC XGTUVCPFGP YWTFG &CU UVTCVGIKUEJG <KGN FGU (GNF\WIGU \WT 5GG CD YCT FKG 'TQDGTWPI XQP -TGVC 'U IGNCPI UEJPGNN ITQG 6GKNG FGT +PUGN WPF GKPG #P\CJN XQP (GUVWPIGP GKP\WPGJOGP FQEJ DKU \WT 'TQDGTWPI FGT UVCTM DGHGUVKIVGP *CWRVUVCFV -CPFKC UQNNVG PQEJ GKP 8KGTVGNLCJTJWPFGTV XGTIGJGP &KG 8GPG\KCPGT DGIPÒIVGP UKEJ PKEJV OKV GKPGT FGHGPUKXGP 4QNNG UQPFGTP IKPIGP KO (TÒJLCJT FC\W ÒDGT FKG HÒT FKG 9KTVUEJCHV WPF 8GTUQTIWPI -QPUVCPVKPQRGNU YKEJVKIG /GGTGPIG CP FGP &CTFCPGNNGP GHHGMVKX \W DNQEMKGTGP YCU KP FGT *CWRVUVCFV \W %JCQU WPF #WHUVCPF HÒJTVG &CU 8GTNCPIGP FGU &COCNKIGP )TQYGUKTU CP FKG #TOGG WPF 8GTYCNVWPI PCEJ KOOGT YGKVGTGP $GUVGEJWPIUIGNFGTP WPF 2GN\NKGHGTWPIGP DTCEJVG KO #WIWUV FCU ,CPKVUEJCTGPMQTRU WPF FKG 7NCO³ XQT FCU 5CTCK OKV FGT (QTFGTWPI FGP XQP KJPGP HÒT CDIGUGV\V GTMN·TVGP )TQYGUKT CWU\WNKGHGTP &KGU GTHQNIVG WPF FGT #WUIGNKGHGTVG YWTFG GTOQTFGV &CTCWHJKP DGO·EJVKIVGP UKEJ FKG ,CPKVUEJCTGP CWEJ +DTCJKOU FGP UKG FWTEJ FGO )TQOWHVK CDUGV\GP NKGGP WO FCU 5WNVCPCV CP FGP PQEJ MNGKPGP 5QJP /WJCOOCF ÒDGTIGJGP \W NCUUGP +DTCJKO YWTFG KO 5CTCK IGHCPIGPIGUGV\V WPF CNU PCEJ \GJP 6CIGP 5VKOOGP KP FGT #TOGG \W UGKPGP )WPUVGP WPF IGIGP FGP PQEJ OKPFGTL·JTKIGP 5QJP NCWV YWTFGP ÒDGTICD OCP KJP FGO *GPMGT FGT KJP CWH FKG HÒT *GTTUEJGT VTCFKVKQPGNNG 9GKUG OKV FGT $QIGPUGJPG \W 6QFG DTCEJVG

9871

9872

9871

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

$GUJNKM = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ ÒDGT FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I #TVWM 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) C 4 5GJT UEJÌP

#MEG * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ ÒDGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 4 5GJT UEJÌP

9873

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN 0COG WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - ) 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9874

ex 9875

1PNWM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN 0COG WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P <YGK 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM WPF I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - ) FC\W GKPG IGNQEJVG \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG (·NUEJWPI CWU UKNDGTRNCVVKGTVGO -WRHGT 5VÒEM -NGKPG 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP FKG \GKVIGP (·NUEJWPI IGNQEJV WPF UEJÌP

$GUJNKM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ ÒDGT FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 0GWP 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP W C OKV WPF QJPG CNKH KO 5WNVCPUPCOGP WPF DGUEJPKVVGP I #TVWM 2GTG &COCNK - ) C WPF D 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

9876

1,5:1

2CTC * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP UEJYCEJ CWUIGRT·IV PQEJ OKV 5VGORGNINCP\

155

Ibrâhîm ibn Ahmad

ex 9877

ex 9878

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I #TVWM 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM /GKUV XQT\ÒINKEJ GKPKIG UGJT UEJÌP

6ÒTMGK -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 1TPCOGPV CWU XKGT $N·VVGTP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 3QU 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

ex 9880

ex 9879

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

&KTJCO * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X 0COG OKV 6KVGN CNU IJ³\Ä /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) G 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

&KTJCO * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW YC UWNVCPCVCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT D\Y /ÒP\UV·VVG KP -CTVWUEJG IGNQEJV WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) E WPF F 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9881

9882

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

2CTC = ? * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG CNU 7OUEJTKHV WO GKPG 4QUGVVG #MEG = ? * &KOCUJS 0COG KP FTGK\GKNKIGT #WHUEJTKHV 4X FCTD KP \YGKHGNFKIGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK &/ ) WPF 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPVTKVVU 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG -/ )1.& #O 4CPF HNCEJGT $GTGKEJ QJPG $GGKPVT·EJVKIWPI FGT #WHUEJTKHVGP UQPUV UGJT UEJÌP XQT\ÒINKEJ

1,5:1

ex 9883

1,5:1

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

/C[FKP QFGT 2CTC = ? * 5VÒEM WPF #MEG /KUT 0COG KP FTGK <GKNGP D\Y 0COG KO -TGKU DGKO #MEG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK /5 ) D WPF ) 5VÒEM &KG /C[FKP UVCTM DGUEJPKVVGP UGJT UEJÌP

9884

.KD[GP GKPG )QNFOÒP\G

156

5WNVCPK * 6CT³DNWU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPVTKVVU KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG -/ )1.& 4 )GNQEJV DTGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm

/WJCOOCF +8 KDP +DT³JÄO * #&

#NU OKV /WJCOOCF GKP 5GEJUL·JTKIGT \WO 5WNVCP GTPCPPV YWTFG YCT MNCT FCUU FKG .GKVWPI FGU 5VCCVGU DGK FGP (ÒJTGTP CPFGTGT /CEJVITWRRGP NCI &CU YCTGP XQT CNNGO FKG (ÒJTGT FGT ,CPKVUEJCTGP WPF OKV FKGUGP TKXCNKUKGTGPF FGT NGKEJVGP -CXCNNGTKG UKR³JÄ YGNEJG YKGFGTWO OKV FGP #PCVQNKGP DGJGTTUEJGP FGP ,CN³NÄ )QWXGTPGWTGP KO $WPFG YCTGP 9GPKI 'KPHNWUU JCVVGP CPHCPIU FGT *CTÄO WPF FKG 2CNCUV FKGPGT &QEJ FKG KPVGTPGP #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP FGT #TOGGVGKNG WPF 0KGFGTNCIGP KO -TKGI OKV 8GPGFKI HÒJTVGP \WO 7OUVWT\ FGT /CEJVXGTJ·NVPKUUG KO *CTÄO &KG /WVVGT FGU LWPIGP 5WNVCPU MQPPVG FKG NCPIL·JTKIG %JGHKP FGU *CTGOU -ÌUGO 5WNVCP WPVGT FGO 8QTYWTH FKG 8GTIKHVWPI FGU 5WNVCPU IGRNCPV \W JCDGP CWU FGO 9GI T·WOGP &KGUG GTPCPPVGP \YCT GKPGP FWTEJUGV\WPIUUVCTMGP )TQYGUKT FGT DKPPGP GKPGU ,CJTGU FKG 5VCCVUHKPCP\GP QTFPGVG WPF FCHÒT UQTIVG FCUU FKG /KNKV·TNGJGP YKGFGT FGO /KNKV·T FKGPVGP &QEJ FKGUGT 6CTJQPEW #JOCF YWTFG FWTEJ GKPG +PVTKIG \W (CNN IGDTCEJV CNU GT FKG 2QUKVKQPGP FGU *QHUVCCVGU TGFW\KGTGP YQNNVG &CPCEJ XGTNKGH FGT -TKGI OKV 8GPGFKI \WT 5GG YGKVGT MCVCUVTQRJCN WPF FKG 8GTUQTIWPI FGT *CWRVUVCFV IGNCPI PKEJV OGJT +P FKGUGT 5KVWCVKQP ·WGTGT )GHCJT GPVUEJKGFGP FKG 5WNVCPUOWVVGT WPF /WJCOOCF KJTG /CEJV CP GKPGP GPGTIKUEJGP WPF KP XKGNGP 8GTYCNVWPIU WPF #TOGG·OVGTP GTRTQDVGP )TQYGUKT /WJCOOCF -ÌRTÒNÒ CD\WIGDGP &GO IGNCPI GU FKG (NQVVG YKGFGT CWH\WDCWGP WPF WPVGT FTCOCVKUEJGP 7OUV·PFGP FKG XGPG\KCPKUEJG $NQEMCFG FGT &CTFCPGNNGP \W DTGEJGP WPF FCOKV FKG 4ÒEMMGJT FGT 8GPG\KCPGT WPOÌINKEJ \W OCEJGP #WEJ FKG HQNIGPFGP ,CJTG DNKGDGP XQP OKNKV·TKUEJGP #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP KP 1UVGWTQRC IGRT·IV YGNEJG YGKVIGJGPF \WIWPUVGP FGT QUOCPKUEJGP 5GKVG GPVUEJKGFGP YGTFGP MQPPVGP MQPPVG FKG WPVGT )GQTI 4CMQE\[ CDIGUEJÒVVGNVG QUOCPKUEJG *QJGKV KP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP YKGFGTJGTIGUVGNNV YGTFGP PCEJFGO FKG -TKOVCVCTGP UEJQP KO 8QTLCJT KO #WHVTCI FGU 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU 4CMQE\[ FGT PCEJ FGT RQNPKUEJGP -TQPG UVTGDVG CP FGT 9GKEJUGN DGUKGIV JCVVGP 'KP (GNF\WI IGIGP FKG ,CN³NÄ #WHUV·PFKUEJGP KP #PCVQNKGP GPFGVG OKV FGT 'TOQTFWPI FGT KP FKG &GHGPUKXG IGTCVGPGP WPF XGTJCPFNWPIUDGTGKVGP #WHUV·PFKUEJGP DGK GKPGO $CPMGVV &CPCEJ UEJY·TOVGP FKG 6TWRRGP FGU )TQYGUKTU CWU WO KP FGP 5V·FVGP #PCVQNKGPU 5QNFCVGP .GJTGT WPF 7NCOC \W VÌVGP FKG OKV FGP #WHUV·PFKUEJGP MQQRGTKGTV JCVVGP ICD FGT JQEJDGVCIVG )TQYGUKT UGKP #OV \WIWPUVGP UGKPGU 5QJPGU (³FKN #JOCF CWH &KGUGT NGKVGVG FGP 1UOCPGPUVCCV ,CJTG NCPI ·JPNKEJ YKG UGKP 8CVGT OKV /CEJV WPF )GYCNV WPF IKPI MGKPGT OKNKV·TKUEJGP #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPI CWU FGO 9GI 5VGVU KP #DURTCEJG OKV FGO HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP 5QPPGPMÌPKI YCT FCU GTUVG <KGN FCU &GWVUEJG 4GKEJ FGPP UEJQP FGT (GNF\WI IGIGP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP YCT KPHQNIG JCDUDWTIKUEJGP 5EJWV\GU HÒT )GQTI 4CMQE\[ PQVYGPFKI IGYQTFGP (³FKN #JOCF NGKVGVG FGP (GNF\WI RGTUÌPNKEJ DKU FKG 6TWRRGP FGU &GWVUEJGP 4GKEJGU CP FGT 4CCD DGK 5CPMV )QVVJCTV FGP YGKVGTGP QUOCPKUEJGP 8QTOCTUEJ XGTJKPFGTVGP YQTCWH DGK 'KUGPDWTI GKP (TKGFGP IGUEJNQUUGP YWTFG 'TJGDNKEJGT #PUVTGP IWPIGP DGFWTHVG GU WO PCEJ NCPIL·JTKIGT $GNCIGTWPI FGP 8GPG\KCPGTP -TGVC CD\WPGJOGP WPF -CPFKC \W GTQDGTP 9·JTGPF FGT GT ,CJTG ICD GU CWEJ KOOGT YKGFGT MTKGIGTKUEJG #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP OKV FGO -ÌPKITGKEJ 2QNGP WO 6GTTKVQTKGP KP FGT 7MTCKPG WPF FKG 1DGTJQJGKV ÒDGT FKG OKV FGP -TKOVCVCTGP XGTDÒPFGVGP -QUCMGP &CTCP DGVGKNKIVG UKEJ CWEJ FGT KP\YKUEJGP GTYCEJUGP IGYQTFGPG 5WNVCP #NU (CFKN #JOCF UVCTD DNKGD FCU 9GUKTCV CWEJ YGKVGTJKP KP FGT (COKNKG -ÌRTÒNÒ KPFGO UGKP 5VKGHDTWFGT 3CTC /WUVCH³ 0CEJHQNIGT YWTFG &GT JCVVG \WP·EJUV -TKGIG IGIGP 4WUUNCPF YKGFGTWO WO FKG *QJGKV ÒDGT FKG -QUCMGP \W DGUVGJGP DGXQT GT KO 8GTGKP OKV .WFYKI :+8 FKG 7PICTP \W GKPGO #WHUVCPF IGIGP FKG *CDUDWTIKUEJG *GTTUEJCHV GTOWVKIGP MQPPVG YCU FCPP \WT \YGKVGP $GNCIGTWPI XQP 9KGP HÒJTVG &CU <KGN YCT \W JQEJ IGUVGEMV 0CEJ FTGK /QPCVGP DTCEJVG FGT 'KPUCV\ FWTEJ FGP RQNPKUEJGP -ÌPKI ,CP 5QDKGUMK KP FGT 5EJNCEJV CO -CJNGPDGTI FKG 9GPFG 6TQV\ IGYCNVKIGT $GWVG DGK 5VTGKH\ÒIGP FWTEJ ¤UVGTTGKEJ XGTNQT FCU QUOCPKUEJG *GGT UQYQJN UGKP )GT·V CNU CWEJ UGKP .CIGT WPF MQPPVG UQOKV UEJPGNN \WTÒEMIGVTKGDGP YGTFGP 3CT³ /WUVCH³ XGTUWEJVG PQEJ GKPOCN 9KFGTUVCPF \W QTICPKUKGTGP JCVVG CDGT MGKPG 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI OGJT XQP FGT 2HQTVG 'PFG YWTFG GT KP $GNITCF YGIGP FGU OKNKV·TKUEJGP 8GTUCIGPU JKPIGTKEJVGV #WH FKG 0KGFGTNCIG FGT QUOCPKUEJGP $GNCIGTWPIUCTOGG CO -CJNGPDGTI WPF FGP 6QF 3CTC /WUVCHCU HQNIVGP KO 1UOCPKUEJGP 4GKEJ 5QPFGTUVGWGTP +PHNCVKQP /KUUGTPVGP WPF *WPIGTUPQV /WJCOOCF +8 FGT UKEJ KP FGP #WIGP FGT 7PVGTVCPGP PWT FWTEJ ,CIFXGTIPÒIWPIGP XQP FGT RTGM·TGP 5KVWCVKQP CDNGPMVG JCVVG MGKPG 7PVGTUVÒV\WPI CNU 6TWRRGP XQP FGT &QPCW PCEJ -QPUVCPVKPQRGN \QIGP &GT 5JC[MJ CN +UN³O WPF (³FKN /WUVCH³ FGT 5QJP FGU /WJCOOCF -ÌRTÒNÒ MQPURKTKGTVGP KP GKPGO WPDNWVKIGP 5VCCVUUVTGKEJ /WJCOOCF YWTFG FWTEJ GKP (CVYC CDIGUGV\V WPF OKV UGKPGT (COKNKG KP GKPGO CDIGUEJNQUUGPGP $GTGKEJ FGU 5CTC[ IGFWNFGV 5GKP LÒPIGTGT $TWFGT 5WNC[O³P VTCV CP UGKPG 5VGNNG /WJCOOCF ÒDGTNGDVG UGKPGP 0CEJHQNIGT WPF UVCTD CO ,CPWCT 157

Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm &KG /ÒP\RQNKVKM DNKGD WPVGT /WJCOOCF +8 ÒDGT NCPIG <GKVGP JKPYGI RCUUKX &GT 7ONCWH HTGOFGT /ÒP\GP FQOKPKGTVG XGPG\KCPKUEJG <GEJKPGP URCPKUEJG 4K[³N 4GCNGU PKGFGTN·PFKUEJG #UCFÄ 4K[³N

.ÌYGPVCNGT CP MNGKPGTGP /ÒP\GP ICD GU RQNPKUEJG WPF RTGWUUKUEJG 1TVUVCNGT WPF XQP FGP GTP DKU \W KJTGO 8GTDQV FKG HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP 6KOOKP 'EW UR·VGT CWEJ FKG MCKUGTNKEJGP -TGW\GT GTUGV\VGP FCU GKIGPG )GNF #MEG YWTFGP PWT YGPKI IGRT·IV WPF FWTEJ DGUEJPKVVGPG ·I[RVKUEJG /C[FKP GTI·P\V 9QTKP GKIGPVNKEJ FKG KP NKVGTCTKUEJGP 3WGNNGP KOOGT YKGFGT DGMNCIVG 8GTUEJNGEJVGTWPI FGT /ÒP\GP DGUVCPF KUV CDIGUGJGP XQP FGP ÒDNGP OGKUV NKIWTKUEJGP +OKVCVKQPGP FGT 'EW PKEJV ICP\ GTUKEJVNKEJ 8GTOWVNKEJ YCT GU FKG QHHGPDCT VQNGTKGTVG OCUUKXG $GUEJPGKFWPI FGU GKPJGKOKUEJGP -NGKP IGNFGU 'TUV PCEJ FGO &GDCMGN XQP 9KGP TÒEMV FKG /ÒP\RQNKVKM KP FGP (QMWU FGU 5VCCVUKPVGTGUUGU &KG 'KPTKEJVWPI PGWGT NGKUVWPIUH·JKIGT /ÒP\UV·VVGP KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN WPF 5CTCKGXQ JCVVG CDGT \WP·EJUV RTKO·T FGT 5VCCVUGPVUEJWNFWPI FWTEJ +PHNCVKQPUMWRHGTOÒP\GP \W FKGPGP CWEJ YGPP \W FGP GTUVGP 2T·IWPIGP FGT PGWGP /ÒP\UV·VVG XQP * PQEJ WPVGT /WJCOOCF +8 IQNFGPG #UJTCHK \·JNGP 0KEJV PWT KP VGEJPKUEJGT *KPUKEJV JKGNV JKGT FKG 0GW\GKV 'KP\WI KP FCU QUOCPKUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP CWEJ KP CFOKPKUVTCVKXGT *KPUKEJV FGPP * DGIKPPV FKG GTJCNVGPG #TEJKXKGTWPI XQP /ÒP\CMVGP FGU 1UOC PKUEJGP 4GKEJGU

ex 9885

5GTDKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * $GNITCF 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT \YGK 8CTKCPVGP OKV ITQGT WPF MNGKPGT #WHUEJTKHV WPF I +UOC KN )JCNKD 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $' ) 4 5VÒEM $GKFG UGJT UEJÌP

9887

9886

6ÒTMGK )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV KDP CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT /WJCOOCF 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG 8CT -/ )1.& 2T·IGUEJY·EJGP CO 4CPF UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV KDP CO #PHCPI FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 2GTG -/ )1.& 8QT\ÒINKEJ

CWU $CNFYKP U +UNCOKE %QKPU #WEVKQP /CK .QV

9889

9888

9889

6ÒTMGK 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * OKF &K[CTDCMKT 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I +UOC KN )JCNKD 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK #& ) 4 -PCRRGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

1PNWM = ? * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6KVGN 0COG WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF &CVWO 4X UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I +UOC KN )JCNKD #TVWM 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 4 )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

9890

158

ex 9891

9890

$GUJNKM * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN 6WIJTC 4X FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT 5GIGPUYWPUEJ FCTWPVGT FKG /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF FCU ,CJT I +UOC KN )JCNKD #TVWM 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 4 )TQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

#MEG * 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C 5WNVCPUPCOG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT UGEJU 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF UKEJ GTI·P\GPFG 'ZGORNCTG WPF I +UOC KN )JCNKD 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK - ) 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm

ex 9892

ex 9894

ex 9893

ex 9895

+TCM 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

&KTJCO * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X 6KVGN WPF 0COG /ÒP\UV·VVG OGJTGTG 8CTKCPVGP OKV FGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP KP GTUVGT D\Y \YGKVGT <GKNG WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) F WPF I 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

&KTJCO * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP -TGKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG KP 7OUEJTKHV \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) E 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

&KTJCO WPF * $CIJF³F 6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOG KP GKPGT N·PINKEJGP -CTVWUEJG D\Y KO (GNF WPVGT FGO 5WNVCPUPCOGP \YGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG WPF ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK $) ) D WPF G 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

5[TKGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

&KTJCO * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK *2 ) 5VÒEM 5GJT ITQDG 2T·IWPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9896

$GUJNKM * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP FC\W GKP IGNQEJVGT #NGRRKPGT #MEG * WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK *2 ) D WPF ) D 5VÒEM 'KP 5VÒEM IGNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9898

ex 9897

$GUJNKM * &KOCUJS &COCUMWU 6WNRG WOIGDGP XQP 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X FCTD KP N·PINKEJGT -CTVWUEJG FCTÒDGT MJCNNCFC OWNMCJW FCTWPVGT /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK &/ ) D 4 5VÒEM $GKFG UGJT UEJÌP

$GUJNKM * *CNCD #NGRRQ 6WIJTC 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ C\\C PCUTCJW /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT 8CTKCPVGP OKV WPF JPG -PQVGP ÒDGT FGO /ÒP\UV·VVGPPCOGP WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK &/ ) C WPF D 5VÒEM 8QT\ÒINKEJ WPF UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9899

#MEG * *CNCD #NGRRQ XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP6WIJTC 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG WO UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU 5WNVCPUPCOG KO -TGKU 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT WO GKPGP -PQVGP 6KVGN WPF 0COG KP FTGK <GKNGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK &/ ) D ) ) D 4 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

9900

I[RVGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV KDP CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT /WJCOOCF KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG -/ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

159

Muhammad IV. ibn Ibrâhîm

9901

5WNVCPK * /KUT -CKTQ 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FGU 4GIKGTWPIUCPHCPIU FCU 9QTV KDP CO 'PFG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG WPVGT /WJCOOCF KP FGT /KVVG GKP UKIKNNWO 5CNQOQPKU OKV GKPGO 2WPMV KP FGT /KVVG 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT 2GTG -/ )1.& 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9902

I[RVGP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

#MEG = ? * /KUT -CKTQ +O -TGKU /WJCOOCF KDP FCTWO 7OUEJTKHV UWNV³P +DT³JÄO MJ³P 4X 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT FTGK 8CTKCPVGP WPF I 2GTG 5WNVCP 5TGEMQXKE &COCNK /5 ) C 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF XQT\ÒINKEJ

9904

9903

.KD[GP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 'OKUUKQPULCJT FCU 9QTV KDP WPVGT FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG NCPIIG\QIGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT OKV GKPGO MNGKPGP <YGKI ÒDGT FGO 9QTV CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG -/ )1.& 44 $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 6CTCDNÑU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 'OKUUKQPULCJT FCU 9QTV KDP WPVGT FGT \YGKVGP <GKNG NCPIIG\QIGP KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT QJPG <YGKI ÒDGT FGO 9QTV CP PCFT I #TVWM 2GTG -/ )1.& 44 5GJT UEJÌP

9905

9906

.KD[GP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP

$GUJNKM * 6CT³DNÄU 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT I 2GTG ,GO 5WNVCP &COCNK 64 ) 44 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9907

.KD[GP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

160

/CPIKT WPF * 5VÒEM WPF * 6CTCDNWU IJCTD 6TKRQNK 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT OKV 6KVGN 0COG WPF /ÒP\UV·VVG 4X IJCTD WPF XGTMÒT\VGU &CVWO KO 5VGTP WPF I -CDCMNCTNK 6TDI WPF 5VÒEM 5EJÌP WPF UGJT UEJÌP

KUPFERMÜNZEN OHNE DATIERUNG

9908

9909

6WPGUKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG I #TVWM 2GTG ,CJT CNU XGTNGUGP -/ )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

5WNVCPK * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP FGT /KVVG GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP 4X 6KVGN F³TKD CP PCFT GKP FQRRGNVGT -PQVGP KP FGT /KVVG FGT GTUVGP <GKNG DGKFGTUGKVU UVGORGNINGKEJ OKV FGO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I #TVWM 2GTG ,CJT CNU XGTNGUGP -/ )1.& $TGKVGT 5EJTÌVNKPI UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9910

6WPGUKGP -WRHGTOÒP\GP

/CPIKT WPF * 6ÑPKU 6KVGN WPF 0COG 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF ,CJT KP FGT /KVVG GKP -PQVGP WPF I -CDCMNCTN 6W WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF UEJÌP

9911

9912

#NIGTKGP )QNFOÒP\GP

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT )JCTD #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT XIN 2GTG XIN +UO³ ÄN )J³NKD * -/ )1.& 44 8QT\ÒINKEJ

5WNVCPK * ,C\³ KT #NIKGT 6KVGN WPF 0COG FGU 5WNVCPU 5GIGPUYWPUEJ /ÒP\UV·VVG WPF 2T·IGLCJT 4X 6KVGN UWNV³P CN DCTTC[P I #TVWM 8CT XIN 2GTG * -/ )1.& 44 -NGKPG HNCWG 5VGNNG KP FGT /KVVG UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

#WU #WMVKQP ,GCP 'NUGP 8 5GRVGODGT .QV

1UOCPKUEJG -WRHGTOÒP\GP OKV /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDGP QJPG &CVKGTWPI WPF *GTTUEJGTCPICDGP

6ÒTMGK

9913

/CPIKT Q , 'T\KPL³P MJCNNCF OWNMCJW KP HÒPHURKV\KIGO 5VGTP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG KP GKPGT CWU \YGK ÒDGTGKPCPFGTIGNGIVGP 8KGTR·UUGP IGDKNFGVGP (CUUWPI I ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi +PCMVKXG )TÒPURCPHNGEMGP KO #XGTU UGJT UEJÌP

ex 9914

/CPIKT Q , $WTUC FTGK XGTUEJKGFGPG 6[RGP WPF I ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

161

KUPFERMÜNZEN OHNE DATIERUNG

ex 9916

ex 9915

/CPIKT QJPG ,CJT 6ÄTC MNGKPGT -TGKU OKV FTGK 2WPMVGP KP GKPGT UGEJUDN·VVTKIGP (CUUWPI 4X /ÒPUVUV·VVG WPF CPFGTG 6[RGP WPF I ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi 5VÒEM WPF 5VÒEM 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , 3WUVCPVÄPÄ[C -QPUVCPVKPQRGN +UVCPDWN $NÒVG CWU \YGK ÒDGTGKPCPFGTIGNGIVGP &TGKURKV\GP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVGPCPICDG WPF CPFGTG 6[RGP WPF I ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi 5VÒEM WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9918

9917

ex 9918

/CPIKT Q , /³TFÄP 'KP CWH FKG GKIGPG GTJQDGPG 5EJYCP\SWCUVG DNKEMGPFGT PCEJ NKPMU IGYCPFVGT 8KGTDGKPGT 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO 3WCFTCV I 8IN ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi 5GJT UEJÌP

/CPIKT Q , /³TFÄP 5VGTP KP -TGKU KP 4CPMGP 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KO -TGKU D\Y 'PVG PCEJ NKPMU OKV GTJQDGPGP (NÒIGNP KP DNÒVGPHÌTOKIGT (CUUWPI 4X /ÒP\UV·VVG KP (ÒPHRCUU WPF CPFGTG 6[RGP WPF I ªDGTYKGIGPF PKEJV DGK ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi XIN WPF 6GKNU UGJT UGNVGP 5VÒEM /GKUV UGJT UEJÌP

9919

1,5:1

5CWFK #TCDKGP

/CPIKT Q , 0CLT³P &QRRGNVGT -PQVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG I -CDCMNCTNK 5 0%4 FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

9920

1,5:1

/CPIKT Q , 0CLT³P &QRRGNVGT -PQVGP /ÒP\UV·VVG 5VGORGNXCTKCPVG \WO XQTKIGP 5VÒEM I -CDCMNCTNK 5 0%4 FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 5GJT UEJÌP

ex 9921

1JPG *GTMWPHVUCPICDG

162

4GKP QTPCOGPVCNG -WRHGTOÒP\GP Q , WPF /\UV .ÌYG NKPMUJKP 4X *GT\MPQVGP ÒDGT WPF WPVGT FTGK FCU (GNF VGKNGPFGP .KPKGP WPF CPFGTG 6[RGP WPF I ¤N¼GT 0CMiqNi WPF 5VÒEM 5GJT UEJÌP WPF OGKUV CPURTGEJGPFG 2CVKPC

OSMANISCHE GEGENSTEMPEL

9922

9922 1,5:1

1UOCPKUEJG )GIGPUVGORGN CWH HTGOFGP /ÒP\GP

<GKV FGU /WJCOOCF +8 * #& 5RCPKGP 4GCNGU ,CJT PKEJV NGUDCT GVYC *·NHVG *ÌNHVG ,CJTJWPFGTV WPNGUDCTG OKVVGNCOGTKMCPKUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG OKV SWCFTCVKUEJGO )GIGPUVGORGN CWU 6ÑPKU UCTH I 9KNUMK 'I[ 9KNUMK 6WP FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT 8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV /ÒP\G IGTKPI GTJCNVGP )GIGPUVGORGN UEJÌP UGJT UEJÌP

9923

9924

(TCPMTGKEJ .WFYKI :+8 'EW .WKIKPQ CTCD 6JWOP VÒTM 6KOOKP ! /QPVRGNKGT -KPFGTDÒUVG FGU -ÌPKIU OKV )GIGPUVGORGN PCEJ 9KNUMK PCSN UCJÄJ \W NGUGP FCTWPVGT LGFGP HCNNU CTCD HÒT * #& I XIN 9KNUMK 6KO <CKPGPFG UGJT UEJÌP )GIGPUVGORGN UGJT UGNVGP CWH FKGUGO HTÒJGP 6[R

/QPCEQ .WFQXKEQ + .WKIKPQ OKV )GIGPUVGORGN $ÑTUC! -/ XIN 9KNUMK 6KO 44 5GJT UEJÌP

#WU #WMVKQP .CP\ /CK .QV 0T

9925

9925 1,5:1

#JOCF +++ * #& )GIGPUVGORGN 6WIJTC KP -QPVWT CWH $[\CPVKPKUEJGU 4GKEJ %QPUVCPVKPWU /QPQOCEJQU 0QOKUOC IGMTÌPVG $ÒUVG FGU -CKUGTU KO .QTQU GKP -TGW\U\GRVGT KP FGT 4GEJVGP GKPGP -TGW\INQDWU KP FGT .KPMGP JCNVGPF 4X $TWUVDKNF %JTKUVK CNU 2CPVQMTCVQT FKG $KDGN JCNVGPF )GIGPUVGORGN CWH FGT 8QTFGTUGKVG \WINGKEJ FCU -CKUGTIGUKEJV WPF FCU )GUKEJV %JTKUVK WPMGPPVNKEJ OCEJGPF I /CE-GP\KG #P 'KIJVKGPVJ %GPVWT[ 1VVQOCP 6WIJTC QP C $[\CPVKPG 0QOKUOC 0WOKUOCVKE %KTEWNCT ,WNK 5 ÒDGT FKGUGU 'ZGORNCT )1.& 7PKMWO )GNQEJV UGJT UEJÌP )GIGPUVGORGN UGJT UEJÌP -GPPGV /CE-GP\KG GTMN·TVG FKGUGP )GIGPUVGORGN KO 4CJOGP FGT /ÒP\RQNKVKM #JOCFU +++ Ò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

163

OSMANISCHE KIPPWAAGEN

1UOCPKUEJG -KRRYCCIGP HÒT FKG 2CUUKGTH·JKIMGKV XQP )QNFOÒP\GP

9926

9927

(TÒJG -KRRYCCIGP

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT )QNFOÒP\GP XQP EC I <GT K OCJDÑD 4ÑOÄ #NVKP QJPG 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GVYC &TKVVGN ,CJTJWPFGTV! OO XKGTUGKVKIG #WHNCIGHN·EJG \GJP -TGKUCWIGP CWH FGO UEJYGTGTGP #TO XKGT CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT )QNFOÒP\GP XQP EC I <GT K OCJDÑD 4ÑOÄ #NVKP QJPG 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GVYC &TKVVGN ,CJTJWPFGTV! OO XKGTUGKVKIG #WHNCIGHN·EJG UGEJU -TGKUCWIGP WPF TÒEMUGKVKI UGEJU 2WPMVG CWH FGO UEJYGTGTGP #TO XKGT -TGKUCWIGP CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

8QP -ÒTMOCP KUV UQNEJ GKPG 9CCIG CNU HTÒJKUNCOKUEJ CPIGURTQEJGP YQTFGP &CHÒT URTGEJGP FKG HQTOCNG )GUVCNVWPI WPF FKG UGKV HTÒJKUNCOKUEJGT <GKV KO )GYKEJVUYGUGP IGDT·WEJNKEJGP /CTMKGTWPIGP FWTEJ -TGKUCWIGP 6CVU·EJNKEJ GTUEJGKPV GU CDGT PKEJV YGPKIGT UKPPXQNN GKPGP &CVKGTWPIUCPUCV\ PCEJ PWOKUOCVKUEJGP -TKVGTKGP FGU )GYKEJVU \W UWEJGP KP GKPGP \GKVNKEJGP 4CJOGP \W UWEJGP FGT FGP -KRRYCCIGP FGT /GEKFÄ[G )QNFOÒP\GP WPOKVVGNDCT XQTCWHIGJV 6CVU·EJNKEJ HKPFGP FKG )GYKEJVG FGT HTÒJGP 9CCIGP JKGT 'PVURTGEJWPIGP YGNEJG YGFGT KO /KVVGNCNVGT PQEJ KP FGT HTÒJGP 0GW\GKV KO 1UVOGFKVGTTCPGP )QNFOÒP\WONCWH PCEJIGYKGUGP YGTFGP MÌPPGP

9928

$WEJUDCWO /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT )QNFOÒP\GP XQP EC I <GT K OCJDÑD 4ÑOÄ #NVKP WPF 6GKNUVÒEMG QJPG 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GVYC &TKVVGN ,CJTJWPFGTV! OO 5EJNÒUUGNNQEJHQTO LGYGKNU FTGKHCEJ IGUVCHHGNVG N·PINKEJG #WHNCIGHN·EJG -GTDXGT\KGTWPIGP CWH FGP #TOGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9930

9929

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT )QNFOÒP\GP XQP EC I #FNÄ #NVKP! QJPG 0COGP FGU 9CCIGP OCEJGTU GVYC 8KGTVGN ,CJTJWPFGTV! OO XKGTUGKVKIG #WHNCIGHN·EJG QJPG -TGKUCWIGP CWH FGP #TOGP XIN -ÒTMOCP 'KUGPFQTP FGU 5EJCTPKGTU CWHIGNÌUV 5GJT UEJÌP

-KRRYCCIGP HÒT )QNFOÒP\GP FGT /GEKFK[GOÒP\GP 5QXGTGKIP WPF (TCPEU

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG QJPG 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GVYC /KVVG ,CJTJWPFGTV OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP 1DGTHN·EJG OKV HNQTCNGO &GMQT ITCXKGTV -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9932 (3:4)

9931 (3:4)

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP #TO FGT 0COG FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU )#4#$'& GKPRWP\KGTV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP #TO FGT 0COG FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU /')+4&+6%* GKPRWP\KGTV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9933 (3:4)

164

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP #TO FGT 0COG FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU -4+-14 GKPRWP\KGTV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

OSMANISCHE KIPPWAAGEN

9935 (3:4)

9934 (3:4)

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH DGKFGP #TOGP 'KEJUVGORGN VCOIJ³ [K CUNK [K -ÒVCJ[C GKPRWP\KGTV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 'KEJUVGORGN 5 5GJT UEJÌP

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP #TO KO 1XCN 2#4+5 GKPRWP\KGTV PCEJ OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

1DYQJN /CPWHCMVWTGP KP /KVVGNGWTQRC CP FGT *GTUVGNNWPI GKPKIGT 9CCIGPV[RGP KP $TQP\G DGVGKNKIV YCTGP OWUU FKG 2WP\G PKEJV \YCPIUN·WHKI CNU $G\GKEJPWPI FGU *GTUVGNNWPIUQTVGU WPF LCJTGU CPIGUGJGP YGTFGP UQPFGTP MCPP UKEJ GDGPUQ CWH FKG 2T·OKGTWPI FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU DGK GKPGT KPVGTPCVKQPCNGP )GYGTDGCWUUVGNNWPI DG\KGJGP

9936

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG QJPG *GTUVGNNGTRWP\GP WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 8QT\ÒINKEJ

9937 9937 (Waage mit Etui 1:2)

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ *CNDUVÒEMG WPF CPFGTG )QNFOÒP\GP UVWHGPNQU FWTEJ CWH GKPGT <CJPWPI NCWHGPFGP 9·JNUEJGKDG CNU )GIGPIGYKEJV GKPUVGNNDCT HÒT FGP 9CCIGPOCEJGTU +5-'0&'4 #4#$+#0 KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN JGTIGUVGNNV XQP FGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP (C $TGXGV¾ 5 ) & ) WO OO -ÒTMOCP 5 8QT\ÒINKEJ +P URG\KGNNGO KPPGP OKV 5COV WPF 5GKFG CWUIGUEJNCIGPGP 'VWK FGT 8GTM·WHGTHKTOC 5CXCU %QPUVCPVQINQW KP 5O[TPC +\OKT

9939 (3:4)

9938 (3:4)

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ *CNDUVÒEMG WPF CPFGTG )QNFOÒP\GP UVWHGPNQU FWTEJ CWH GKPGT <CJPWPI NCWHGPFGP &TGJUEJGKDG CNU )GIGPIGYKEJV GKPUVGNNDCT HÒT FGP 9CCIGPOCEJGTU +5-'0&'4 #4#$+#0 KP -QPUVCPVKPQRGN JGTIGUVGNNV XQP FGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP (C $TGXGV¾ 5 ) & ) WO OO -ÒTMOCP 5 'VYCU -QTTQUKQP CP FGT 5VGNNUEJGKDG UGJT UEJÌP

9940

$TQP\G /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ *CNDUVÒEMG WPF CPFGTG )QNFOÒP\GP UVWHGPNQU FWTEJ CWH GKPGT <CJPWPI NCWHGPFGP 9·JNUEJGKDG CNU )GIGPIGYKEJV GKPUVGNNDCT FWTEJ FGP 9CCIGPOCEJGTU &+-4#0 5#.#-+#0 OKV &CVWO WPF 6[RPWOOGT JGTIGUVGNNV PCEJ FGO /QFGNN FGT (C $TGXGV¾ 5 ) & ) WO OO -ÒTMOCP 5 5GJT UEJÌP

165

OSMANISCHE KIPPWAAGEN

'NHGPDGKP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO NGKEJVGTGP #TO FGT 0COG FGU -COOCEJGTU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU 6CTCSEJK /WJCOOCF GKPIGUVGORGNV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 'KP #TO \YGKHCEJ IGDTQEJGP UQPUV XQT\ÒINKEJ

9942

'NHGPDGKP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO UEJYGTGTGP #TO PKEJV NGUDCTGT 0COG GKPGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GKPIGUVGORGNV WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9943

'NHGPDGKP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO UEJYGTGTGP #TO $TQP\GCWHNCIG WPF OKV (CFGPXGT\KGTWPI CP FGP 5GKVGP QJPG 0COGP GKPGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU WO OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9944

'NHGPDGKP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG CWH FGO UEJYGTGTGP #TO GKPG TGEJVGEMKIG $TQP\GCWHNCIG WPF OKV (CFGPXGT\KGTWPI CP FGP 5GKVGP 5VGORGN GKPGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU *CEJCVWT $CUJCDCUJK KO .CFGP 0T YQJN KP 6CTCM¼iNCT -COOCEJGTUVTCG -QPUVCPVKPQRGN WO OO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP 6[R YKG -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

'NHGPDGKP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG OKV (CFGPXGT\KGTWPI CP FGP 5GKVGP QJPG 0COGP GKPGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU GT ,CJTG! OO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV CTCDKUEJGP 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP (NGEMKI UGJT UEJÌP

9946

'NHGPDGKP QFGT -COGNMPQEJGP /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG PCEJ 5EJPGNNYCCIGPCTV OKV XGTUEJKGDDCTGO )GIGPIGYKEJV *CNVGTWPI FWTEJ 5VKHV XQO 5EJCTPKGT CWUIGJGPF CWH FGT 1DGTUGKVG FWTEJ IQNFGPG 5VKHVG FGP 4CPF WONCWHGPF XGT\KGTV QJPG 0COGP GKPGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU ,CJTJWPFGTV QFGT FGWVNKEJ HTÒJGT OO 5EJNÒUUGNNQEJHQTO CWH FGO #TOGPFG \YGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV 9GTV\CJNGP -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9947

166

'DGPJQN\ /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG OKV (CFGPXGT\KGTWPI CP FGP 5GKVGP OKV 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU /1756#(# <'-+ KP QXCNGO 5VGORGN WPF QUOCPKUEJ GT ,CJTG! OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV CTCDKUEJGP 9GTV\CJNGP XIN -ÒTMOCP 9CCIG KP \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJGP TQVGP <KGIGPNGFGTGVWK UGJT UEJÌP

OSMANISCHE KIPPWAAGEN

9948

'DGPJQN\ /ÒP\MKRRYCCIG HÒT -WTWUJ (TCPEU FGT .CVGKPKUEJGP 9·JTWPIUWPKQP -WTWUJ WPF 5QXGTGKIP -WTWUJ WPF FGTGP *CNDUVÒEMG OKV (CFGPXGT\KGTWPI CP FGP 5GKVGP OKV 0COGP FGU 9CCIGPOCEJGTU /1756#(# <'-+ KP QXCNGO 5VGORGN FCTÒDGT GKP *CPFU[ODQN WPF XQT FGT /ÒP\CWHNCIG QUOCPKUEJ WO ! OO -GWNGPHQTO CWH LGFGO #TOGPFG FTGK IGUVCHHGNVG #WHNCIGHN·EJG OKV *KPFK 9GTV\CJNGP XIN -ÒTMOCP 5GJT UEJÌP

9949

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9950

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9951

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9952

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167

OSMANISCHE KIPPWAAGEN

9953

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9954

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9955

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168

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LITERATURVERZEICHNIS Artuk IAM Artuk, Kanunî as-Sâwî Bates New York BMC Cag. Damalı 2008-2012 Ehlert/Yenisey Sevgi Ender Istanbul 1996. Erel Fb. Fenina

= = = =

HE Teil 1 (alles Ismâ'îl Ghâlib Jem Sultan catalogue of Kabaklarlı 1299-1808, Kabaklarl, Yemen 2007. KM. Nicol e.a. Dies and Ölcer Ottoman Coins

= = = = = = = =

= = = = = = = = = = = =

Istanbul 1989. Pamuk = Pere = Sevgi Gönül Hatıra Sayısı = Slg. Fonrobert = Srećković 1987 Wilski Juni 1976, S.

= = =

Nachrichten 100, S. Wilski, New Table Yapı Kredi Collection.

= = =

Artuk, I. und C.: Istanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri teşhirdeki Islâmî sikkeler kataloğu, Bd. II. Istanbul 1974. Ibrahim Artuk: Kanunî Sultan Süleyman adına basılan sikkeler. Ankara 1972. Ahmad as-Sayyid as-Sâwî: an-Nuqûd al-mutadâwala fî Misr al-'uthmânîya, Kairo 2001 Michael Bates: The Ottoman Coinage of Tilimsān. The American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 26, 1981, S. 203-214. Catalogue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum. London 1875 ff. ÇAĞLAR, O. N. Son 7 Padişah zamanında basılan bütün Osmanlı madeni paraları. (İzmir 1983). Atom Damalı: OsmanlıSikkeleri Tarihi / History of Ottoman Coins, bisher erschienen 5 Bde., Istanbul Rolf Ehlert, Ertekin Yenisey. Tlemsen'de basilmis Osmanli Paralari, in Halûk Perk, Hüsnü Öztürk (Hrsg.): Gönül Hatıra Sayısı. Istanbul 2005 Celil Ender: Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Osmanlı Arşivi'ndeki nümismatik ile ilgili belgeler kataloğu, Şerefettin Erel: Nâdir birkaç sikke, 4 Teile, Istanbul 1963, 1968, 1970, 1973. Friedberg, R.: Gold Coins of the World. 7. Auflage. U.S.A. 2003. Fenina, A. Les monnaies de la régence de Tunis sous les H'usaynides: études de numismatique et d’histoire monétaire (1705-1891). Tunis 2003. Halil Edhem: Müze-yi Homâyûn, Maskûkât-i qadîme-yi Islâmîye qatâloghu, Bd. 6 Maskûkât-i Osmânîye, erschienene), Qustantînîya1334 Ismâ'îl Ghâlib Edhem, Taqvîm-i maskûkât-i 'Uthmânîye, Qustantînîya 1307 H. Jem Sultan (i.e. William Holberton), Coins of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, a detailed the Jem Sultan collection. 2 Bde., Thousand Oaks 1977 Necdet Kabaklarlı: "Mangır" Osmanli Imperatorluğu bakır paraları / Copper Coins of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul 1998 Yemen'de darbedilen Osmanlı bakır paraları / Ottoman Copper Coins minted in Yemen 1517-1640, Istanbul Krause, C. L./Mishler, C.: Standard Catalogue of World Coins. Aktuelle Auflage. Norman D. Nicol, Raafat el-Nabarawy, Jere L. Bacharach: Catalog of the Islamic Coins, Glass Weights, Medals in the Egyptian National Library, Cairo, Malibu 1982 Ölcer, C.: Sovyet Rusya Müzelerindeki (Moskva ve Leningrad) Nâdir Osmanlı Madeni Paraları / Rare at Sovyet Russian Museums (Moscow and Leningrad), Istanbul 1972 Ders.: Sultan Abdülmecid devri Osmanlı madenî paraları, Istanbul 1978. Ders.: Sultan Abdülaziz Han devri Osmanlı madenî paraları. Istanbul 1979. Ders.: Sultan Murad V ve Sultan Abdülhamid II dönemi Osmanlı madeni paraları. Istanbul 1986. Ders.: Sultan Mehmed Reşad ve Sultan Mehmed Vahdettin Dönemi Osmanlımadeni paraları. Istanbul 1987. Ders.: Sultan Yavuz Selim Şah bin Bayazıd Han Dönemi Osmanlı Sikkeleri 918-926 AH/1512-1520. Pamuk, Ş.: A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge 2000. Pere, N. (und Tözen, I.): Osmanlı Madeni Paraları. Istanbul 1968. Halûk Perk, Hüsnü Öztürk (Hrsg.): Sevgi Gönül Hatıra Sayısı. Istanbul 2005 Verzeichnis der Münzen und Denkmünzen der Erdtheile Australien, Asien, Afrika der Jules Fonrobert'schen Sammlung, Auktion A. Weyl. Berlin 1878. Slobodan Srećković: Osmanlijski novac kovan na tlu Jugoslavije. Beograd 1987. Wilski, H.: Gegenstempel auf Münzen des Osmanischen Reiches, in Geldgeschichtliche Nachrichten 54, 195-209 Ders.: Der Osmanische Gegenstempel "sahh" auf venezianischen Dukaten, in Geldgeschichtliche 71-74 Ders.: Countermarks on Ottoman Coins. Gütersloh 1995. Ders.: A New Table of Countermarks on Ottoman Coins. Mainz 200X. Şentürk, Ş. und Özpalabıyıklar, S. (Hrsg.): Power of Gold, Golds (sic) of Power: Yapı Kredi Gold Coins Istanbul o.J. (1994).

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Leitfaden zur erfolgreichen schriftlichen Auktionsteilnahme • • • • •

Studieren Sie den Katalog sorgfältig und notieren Sie alle Lose, die interessant für Sie sind. Legen Sie für jedes Los Ihr persönliches Limit fest, das Sie maximal zu zahlen bereit sind. Füllen Sie das beiliegende Formular aus (siehe unten) und tragen Sie für jedes Los Ihr Höchstgebot ein. Schicken Sie uns Ihren Auftrag frühzeitig. Bei gleich hohen Geboten erhält das zuerst eingegangene Gebot den Zuschlag. Sie haben interessante Lose für insgesamt € 10.000,– gefunden, möchten jedoch nur € 2.000,– ausgeben. Kein Problem: Sie geben als Gesamtlimit (ohne Aufgeld) € 2.000,– an. • Wenn Sie Fragen haben: Die MitarbeiterInnen unserer Kundenbetreuung sind für Sie da: Telefon 0800 583 65 37 (gebührenfrei). • Wenn Sie telefonisch an unseren Auktionen teilnehmen möchten, ist das ab einer Schätzung von € 500,– pro Los möglich. Bitte teilen Sie uns diesen Wunsch mindestens einen Werktag vor Beginn der Versteigerung schriftlich mit.

Musterauftrag für schriftliche Gebote Name, Adresse, Telefon Ihre vollständige Anschrift ist wichtig, damit wir Ihren Auktionsauftrag annehmen und bearbeiten können. Ihre Telefonnummer brauchen wir, um Sie bei Rückfragen zu Ihren Geboten schnell erreichen zu können.

Ihre Kundennummer Die Angabe Ihrer Kundennummer unterstützt uns bei der Bearbeitung Ihres Auktionsauftrages. Viele Vorarbeiten für die Auktion werden dadurch einfacher und es werden Fehler vermieden.

Losnummern und Gebote Listen Sie alle Lose, für die Sie sich interessieren, mit ihrer Katalognummer auf und legen Sie für sich selbst fest, wie viel Sie bereit sind, für jedes einzelne Los zu bieten.

Ihr Limit pro Einzellos An dieser Stelle geben Sie an, was Sie für jedes einzelne Stück maximal bereit sind auszugeben.

„Oder“-Gebote Wenn Sie sich für mehrere Münzen interessieren, aber nur ein Stück davon erwerben wollen, können Sie Ihre Gebote einfach mit einem „Oder“ verbinden. Wichtig: bei den „Oder“Geboten können Sie nicht auf frühere Katalognummern zurückgreifen (z. B. 2890 oder 1558), da die Nr. 1558 dann bereits versteigert ist. Unterschreiben Sie Ihren Auktionsauftrag ... ... nachdem Sie Ihre Angaben noch einmal überprüft haben. Ihre Unterschrift ist wichtig, denn damit bestätigen Sie uns, dass sie tatsächlich teilnehmen wollen.

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Überschreitung Ihrer Limits pro Einzellos In der Praxis zeigt sich, dass oft mehrere Bieter mit ihren Geboten dicht beieinander liegen. Deshalb empfiehlt es sich, an dieser Stelle einer geringfügigen Überschreitung Ihrer Gebote zuzustimmen. Dadurch erhöhen sich Ihre Chancen, im Wettbewerb mit anderen den Zuschlag zu erhalten.

Begrenzung Ihres Gesamtlimits Hier können sie die Gesamtsumme Ihrer Gebote begrenzen und festlegen, was Sie insgesamt maximal bereit sind auszugeben. Aufgeld und Mehrwertsteuer kommen später noch hinzu.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Wie entsteht der Preis einer Auktion? Der im Auktionskatalog angegebene Preis ist ein Schätzpreis, der durch unsere Experten festgelegt wurde. Das Mindestgebot liegt bei 80 % dieses Wertes. Die Zuschlagpreise sind oft deutlich höher als die Schätzpreise. Als Auktionshaus müssen wir bereits vor der Auktion alle schriftlichen Gebote koordinieren. Folgende Beispiele sind im Bietverfahren möglich: Beispiel 1 (Schätzpreis: € 1.000,–) Es liegt kein schriftlicher Auftrag vor: Der Auktionator ruft das Los in der Auktion mit € 800,– aus. Wenn im Saal nur ein Bieter darauf ein Gebot abgibt, erhält der Saalbieter den Zuschlag für € 800,–.

Beispiel 3 (Schätzpreis: € 1.000,–) Es liegt dem Auktionator nur ein schriftliches Gebot von € 850,– vor: Das Los wird in der Auktion mit € 800,– ausgerufen. Falls kein Bieter im Saal ein Gegenangebot abgibt, erhält der schriftliche Bieter den Zuschlag bei € 800,–.

Beispiel 2 (Schätzpreis: € 1.000,–) Es liegen dem Auktionator drei schriftliche Gebote vor:

Beispiel 4 (Schätzpreis: € 1.000,–) Es liegt dem Auktionator nur ein schriftliches Gebot von € 1.200,– vor: Der Auktionator ruft das Los mit € 800,– aus. Gibt es im Saal keinen Gegenbieter, erhält der schriftliche Bieter den Zuschlag bei € 800,–. Falls es im Saal Gegenbieter gibt, bietet der Auktionator für seinen schriftlichen Bieter bis maximal € 1.200,– und erteilt einem Gegenbieter im Saal erst bei mehr als € 1.200,– den Zuschlag.

Bieter 1: Limit € 2.900,– Bieter 2: Limit € 1.800,– Bieter 3: Limit € 800,– Nach der Versteigerungsordnung muss der Auktionator im Interesse von Bieter 1 und 2 angemessen überbieten (um ca. 5 bis 10 %). Der Ausrufpreis in der Auktion beträgt daher im Interesse von Bieter 1 € 1.900,– (obwohl die Schätzung € 1.000,– beträgt). Falls keine höheren Gebote aus dem Saal erfolgen, erhält Bieter 1 den Zuschlag für € 1.900,–. Das Höchstangebot von € 2.900,– musste nicht ausgeschöpft werden.

Beispiel 5 (Schätzpreis: € 1.000,–) Es liegen drei Gebote von je € 975,– vor: Um Missverständnisse zu vermeiden, überzieht der Auktionator das zuerst eingegangene Gebot geringfügig und erteilt den Zuschlag bei € 1.000,–.

Antworten auf Fragen, die uns oft gestellt werden • Zuschlagpreis/Aufgeld: Wir berechnen für Kunden in Deutschland und Ländern der Europäischen Union ein Aufgeld von 23 % auf den Zuschlagpreis, darin ist die gesetzliche Mehrwertsteuer enthalten. Wir berechnen Kunden in Drittländern, z. B. Norwegen, Russland, Schweiz, USA, ein Aufgeld von 20 %, wenn die Münzen durch uns exportiert werden. Beispiel 1, Kunde in Deutschland

Zuschlagpreis Aufgeld 23 % (inkl. MwSt) Versandkosten, z. B. * Rechnungs-Betrag

€ € € €

100,00 23,00 5,90 128,90

Beispiel 2, Kunde in Russland

Zuschlagpreis Aufgeld 20 % Versandkosten, z. B. * Rechnungs-Betrag

€ 1.000,00 € 200,00 € 15,00 € 1.215,00

• Mehrwertsteuer: In Deutschland und Ländern der Europäischen Union ist die Mehrwertsteuer im Rechnungsbetrag enthalten. In Ausnahmefällen unterliegen die Objekte der Vollbesteuerung. Das wird durch eine Liste im Auktionskatalog angezeigt. Seit dem 01.01.2000 sind viele Goldmünzen, die nach 1800 geprägt wurden, steuerfrei. In diesem Fall berechnen wir ein Aufgeld in Höhe von 15 %. Bei Fragen zu der MwSt.-Berechnung rufen Sie uns an, gebührenfrei unter: 0800 583 65 37. • Rücklosverkauf: Alle Lose, die in der Auktion nicht verkauft wurden, können Sie innerhalb von vier Wochen nach der Versteigerung zu 80 % des Schätzpreises (zzgl. 23 % Aufgeld inkl. Mehrwertsteuer) erwerben. Achtung: Viele Rücklose sind schnell vergriffen. • Unser Spezialservice: Alle Bieter erhalten gratis die Ergebnisliste innerhalb von zwei Wochen nach der Auktion. Im Internet können Sie die Ergebnisliste der Auktion sofort nach der Auktion unter www.kuenker.de einsehen. * Die Kosten für Versand und Versicherung werden nach Aufwand berechnet.

Besuchen Sie uns doch einmal persönlich auf der Auktion! • Wir freuen uns sehr, wenn Sie persönlich nach Osnabrück kommen möchten. Das Flair einer Auktion und die Stimmung im Auktionssaal sind ein besonderes Erlebnis für Sie als Sammler. Osnabrück ist außerdem immer eine Reise wert und die persönliche Betreuung durch unsere Mitarbeiter wissen immer mehr Kunden zu schätzen. • Bitte rufen Sie uns rechtzeitig an, damit wir Ihnen Tipps für die Anreise geben und Ihnen ein Hotelzimmer reservieren können. Sie erreichen uns gebührenfrei unter: 0800 583 65 37. • Als erfolgreicher Bieter können Sie Ihre neu erworbenen Stücke gleich persönlich mit nach Hause nehmen. Als guter Kunde unseres Hauses haben Sie 20 Tage Zahlungsziel nach der Auktion.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

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Важная информация об участии на аукционе • Наши аукционные правила и условия Вы можете найти в конце каталога. • Мы просим Вас присылать Ваши ставки заранее. В противном случае вероятность ошибки при обработке заказа, присланного перед самым аукционом, возрастает. • Приложенный образец заполнения письменного заказа поможет Вам при отправлении Ваших письменных ставок. Ставки можно отправить как по почте, так и по факсу : +49 (0)541–96 20 222 круглосуточно. • Успешные заказы будут обрабатываться в порядке их поступления к нам. Все участники, которым не удалось что-либо купить на аукционе, будут также проинформированы после аукциона. • Если Вы впервые принимаете участие в нашем аукционе, то мы рекомендуем Вам сообщить нам Ваш референц – аукционные дома, с которыми Вы уже сотрудничали. Или свяжитесь с нами по телефону. • Мы гарантируем подлинность всех предметов, проданных на нашем аукционе, в течении неограниченного времени. • Все участники нашего аукциона получают в течении 2-ух недель результаты торгов бесплатно. • У Вас есть вопросы по определенной монете? Вы хотели бы лично принять участие в аукционе? У Вас возникли другие вопросы? Звоните нам по телефону +49 (0)541-96 20 268, и мы будем рады Вам помочь.

Мое заочное участие на аукционе • • • •

Тщательно изучите наш каталог и запишите те лоты, которые Вас заинтересовали. Определите для Себя ту максимальную сумму, которую Вы готовы заплатить за каждый лот. Заполните приложенный формуляр. Отправьте нам Ваш заказ заранее. При 2-ух и более равных ставок на один и тот же лот преимущество получает ставка, пришедшая к нам первой ( ранее других ). • Если стоимость выбранных Вами лотов составляет например 10.000 евро, а Вы могли бы потратить только 2.000 евро, то в этом случае укажите Ваш общий лимит в размере 2.000 евро. • Если у Вас возникли вопросы по заполнению формуляра, звоните нам по телефону +49 (0)541-96 20 268. Наши сотрудники будут рады Вам помочь.

Мое личное участие в Оснабрюке • Мы будем рады Вашему личному присутствию в Оснабрюке. Атмосфера, которая стоит во время аукционных торгов в зале, особенная и непередаваемая. • Для получения более подробной информации по Вашей поездке в Оснабрюк, в частности, бронирования номеров в гостинице, мы просим Вас заранее связаться с нами по телефону: +49 (0)541-96 20 268. • Приобретенные на аукционе лоты Вы можете лично забрать после окончания торгов. Наши постоянные клиенты осуществляют оплату в течение 20 дней после получения счета. Участвующие в аукционе впервые осуществляют 100%-ую предоплату.

Участие по интернету Все каталоги доступны для просмотра на нашем сайте в интернете по адресу www.kuenker.de. На сайте Вы можете выбрать интересующие Вас лоты и отправить Ваши ставки на нашу электронную почту service@kuenker.de. Если у Вас возникнут дополнительные вопросы, мы просим Вас связаться с нами по телефону +49 (0)5 41-96 20 268.

Участие по телефону Для участия в торгах по телефону просим Вас связаться с нами не позднее 48 часов до начала аукциона. Условием проведения телефонных торгов является письменное подтверждение ставки, равной как минимум стартовой цене. Участие в телефонных торгах возможно только для лотов со стартовой ценой свыше 500 евро. Для получения дополнительной информации и регистрации на аукционе звоните Анастасии Кепселль до аукциона по телефону +49 (0)5 41-96 20 268 и во время аукциона по телефону, указанному на первой странице каталога.

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TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Как образовывается цена на аукционе? • Все лоты в нашем каталоге были предварительно оценены нашими экпертами. Минимальная ставка составляет 80 % от оценочной стоимости лота. Конечные цены зачастую намного превышают оценочные. • Ваши письменные ( заочные ) ставки должны быть обязательно обработаны нашими сотрудниками до начала аукциона. Рассмотрим несколько возможных примеров: Пример 1 ( Оценочная стоимость: € 1.000,– ) Заочных ставок нет. Аукционатор начинает торги с € 800,–. Если в зале только один человек, желающий приобрести этот лот, то соответственно он получит его за € 800,–. Пример 2 ( Оценочная стоимость: € 1.000,– ) У аукционатора имеются 3 заочные ставки: Заочный участник 1 : Лимит € 2.900,– Заочный участник 2 : Лимит € 1.800,– Заочный участник 3 : Лимит € 800,– По правилам аукциона аукционатор в интересах заочного участника 1 и 2 должен повышать ставку равномерно ( приблизительно на 5 – 10 % ). Поэтому в нашем случае в интересах заочного участника 1 аукционатор начнет торги с € 1.900,– ( хотя оценочная стоимость составляет € 1.000,–). Если среди очных участников никто не даст более высокую ставку, то заочный участник 1 получит этот лот за € 1.900,–. Его лимит в € 2.900,– ни в коем случае не будет исчерпан. Пример 3 (Оценочная стоимость: € 1.000,– ) У аукционатора имеется только 1 заочная ставка в размере € 850,–. Аукционатор начнет торги с € 800,–.

Если среди очных участников никто не даст более высокую ставку, то заочный участник получит этот лот за € 800,–. Пример 4 (Оценочная стоимость: € 1.000,– ) У аукционатора имеется только 1 заочная ставка в размере € 1.200,–. Аукционатор начнет торги с € 800,–. Если среди очных участников никто не даст более высокую ставку, то заочный участник получит этот лот за € 800,–. Если же в зале очный участник согласен на более высокую ставку ( больше € 800,– ), то в этом случае аукционатор в интересах заочного участника имеет право тоговаться до € 1.200,–. Следовательно только при ставке, превышающей € 1.200,–, данный лот получит очный участник в зале. Пример 5 (Оценочная стоимость: € 1.000,– ) У аукционатора имеются 3 заочные ставки, каждая в размере € 975,–. Среди очных участников интереса к лоту не имеется. В этом случае чтобы избежать недоразумений, аукционатор имеет право ненамного повысить лимит и сделать ставку равной € 1.000,–. Данный лот за € 1.000,– получит тот заочный участник, чей письменный формуляр мы получили раньше всего.

Ответы на часто задаваемые вопросы • Комиссионные для клиентов, проживающих в Евросоюзе составляют 23 % к удару молотка, эти проценты уже содержат НДС. Для наших клиентов, проживающих не в Евросоюзе ( например в Норвегии, России, Швейцарии, США ) комиссионные составляют 20 %, если экспорт будет осуществлен через фирму «Кюнкер». Пример 1, Удар молотка клиент из Комиссионные 23 % Евросоюза Почтовые расходы Rechnungs-Betrag

€ € € €

100,00 23,00 5,90 128,90

Пример 2, клиент из России

Удар молотка Комиссионные 20 % Почтовые расходы Rechnungs-Betrag

€ 1.000,00 € 200,00 € 15,00 € 1.215,00

• Непроданные на аукционе лоты Вы можете приобрести в течение 4 недель за 80 % от их оценочной стоимости, прибавив к ним комиссионные и почтовые расходы.

Как я могу получить приобретенные лоты? Вывоз приобретенных на аукционе предметов осуществляется одним из следующих способов по Вашему выбору: • Вы можете лично забрать Ваши лоты. По окончании торгов мы готовим все необходимые документы на вывоз из Германии. При вывозе за пределы Евросоюза, НДС Вам возвращается. • Почтовые отправки в Россию ( Беларусь, Украину ) приобретенных Вами лотов осуществляются по предварительной договоренности. Для связи с нами звоните нам по телефону +49 (0)541-96 20 268. С 1971 года имя Кюнкер является гарантией надежности и компетентности. Мы не станем изменять нашим принципам и в будущем. Спасибо Вам за Ваше доверие, которое является не только самым сильным стимулом в нашей работе, но и наилучшей ее оценкой. Я желаю Вам успехов на нашем аукционе!

Фриц-Рудольф Кюнкер

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

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Versteigerungsbedingungen Wir versteigern als Kommissionär im eigenen Namen und für Rechnung der Einlieferer, die unbenannt bleiben. Durch die Teilnahme an der Versteigerung werden die Versteigerungsbedingungen anerkannt. Der Zuschlagpreis bildet die Berechnungsgrundlage für das vom Käufer zu zahlende Aufgeld. Für Käufer aus EU-Ländern gilt: Für Verbraucher wird einheitlich ein Aufgeld von 23 % (im Gesamtbetrag ist die gesetzliche Umsatzsteuer enthalten) erhoben. Für Unternehmer i. S. d. UStG wird bei differenzbesteuerter Ware ein Aufgeld von 23 % erhoben (im Gesamtbetrag ist die gesetzliche Umsatzsteuer bereits enthalten), bei regelbesteuerter Ware ein Aufgeld von 20 % (zzgl. gesetzlicher Umsatzsteuer auf Gesamtbetrag von Zuschlag und Aufgeld). Ausfuhrlieferungen in EU-Länder können bei Vorlage der gesetzlichen Voraussetzungen von der Umsatzsteuer befreit sein. Für Käufer mit Wohnsitz in Drittländern (außerhalb der EU) gilt: Das Aufgeld beträgt einheitlich 20 %. Wird die Ware vom Käufer selbst oder durch Dritte in Drittländer ausgeführt, wird die gesetzliche Umsatzsteuer berechnet, jedoch bei Vorlage der gesetzlich geforderten Ausfuhrnachweise erstattet. Führen wir diese Ware selbst in Drittländer aus, wird die gesetzliche Umsatzsteuer nicht berechnet. Für Goldmünzen, die von der gesetzlichen Umsatzsteuer befreit sind, wird ein Aufgeld von 15 % berechnet. Im Ausland anfallende (Einfuhr-)Umsatzsteuer und Zölle trägt in jedem Fall der Käufer. Die Versandkosten werden dem Käufer nach Aufwand berechnet. Der Zuschlag erfolgt nach dreimaligem Ausruf des höchsten Gebotes und verpflichtet zur unverzüglichen Abnahme der Ware. Bei Vorlage besonderer Gründe können wir den Zuschlag verweigern oder uns vorbehalten. Geben mehrere Bieter gleich hohe Gebote ab, können wir nach freiem Ermessen einem Bieter den Zuschlag erteilen, durch Los über den Zuschlag entscheiden oder die Nummer noch einmal ausrufen. Der Versteigerer ist berechtigt, aus wichtigem Grund Nummern zu vereinigen oder zu trennen, in einer anderen als der im Katalog vorgesehenen Reihenfolge aufzurufen oder zurückziehen. Erfolgt ein Zuschlag unter Vorbehalt, erlischt das Gebot mit Ablauf von 4 Wochen ab dem Tag des Zuschlags, es sei denn, wir haben dem Bieter innerhalb dieser Frist die vorbehaltlose Annahme des Gebotes mitgeteilt. Das Eigentum an der Ware geht erst mit vollständiger Bezahlung auf den Käufer über. Sofern nichts anderes vereinbart wird, ist der Kaufpreis von anwesenden Käufern sofort, bei schriftlichen bzw. telefonischen Bietern spätestens 20 Tage nach Erhalt der Rechnung zu zahlen. Bei Zahlungsverzug werden Zinsen i. H. v. 1 % pro Monat berechnet. Der Käufer hat die zugeschlagene Ware unverzüglich beim Versteigerer abzuholen. Gerät er mit dieser Verpflichtung in Verzug und erfolgt eine Abholung trotz schriftlicher Fristsetzung nicht oder verweigert der Käufer ernsthaft und endgültig die Abholung, können wir vom Kaufvertrag zurücktreten und Schadensersatz verlangen mit der Maßgabe, dass wir den Gegenstand nochmals versteigern und unseren Schaden in derselben Weise wie bei Zahlungsverzug des Käufers geltend machen können, ohne dass dem Käufer ein Mehrerlös aus der erneuten Versteigerung zusteht.

Im Bedarfsfall sind wir berechtigt, die Limits um 3 – 5 % zu überschreiten. Gebote, die unter 80 % des Schätzpreises liegen, werden nicht berücksichtigt. Unlimitierte Aufträge haben keinen Anspruch auf unbedingte Ausführung. Schriftliche, fernmündliche und Internet-Gebote werden von uns ohne Auftragsprovision ausgeführt; sie müssen den Gegenstand mit Katalognummer und des gebotenen Preises, der sich als Zuschlagsumme ohne Aufgeld und Umsatzsteuer versteht, benennen und sind bindend. Unklarheiten oder Ungenauigkeiten gehen zu Lasten des Bieters. Wir übernehmen für diese Gebote jedoch keinerlei Haftung, insbesondere nicht für das Zustandekommen und die Aufrechterhaltung von Telekommunikationsverbindungen oder/und Übermittlungsfehlern, ebenso wenig für Ausfall- und Verzögerungszeiten, verursacht durch Wartungen und Wiederherstellungen des jeweiligen Servers, durch Störungen und Probleme im Internetverkehr, durch höhere Gewalt, sowie weitere Störungen, die durch Umstände begründet sind, die außerhalb unserer Verantwortung liegen. Dies gilt nicht für den Fall, dass uns hieran der Vorwurf grober Fahrlässigkeit oder Vorsatz trifft. Die Katalogbeschreibungen sind keine vertraglich vereinbarten Beschaffenheiten i. S. d. § 434 BGB, sondern dienen lediglich zur Information und zur Abgrenzung der Ware. Die Angabe der Erhaltung ist streng nach den im deutschen Münzhandel üblichen Erhaltungseinstufungen vorgenommen und eine persönliche Beurteilung. Die Echtheit der Stücke wird gewährleistet, sofern nichts Gegenteiliges im Katalog oder bei der Versteigerung angegeben wird; hier haften wir für einen insoweit entstandenen Schaden bis zur Höhe des Kaufpreises. Im Übrigen übernehmen wir keine Rechts- oder Sachmängel bezüglich der im Katalog aufgeführten Ware. Wir geben durch Vorbesichtigung Gelegenheit, sich vom Erhaltungszustand der Ware zu überzeugen. Fehler, die sich bereits aus den Abbildungen ergeben, berechtigen nicht zur Beanstandung. Bei der Auktion anwesende Käufer kaufen grundsätzlich »wie besehen«. Bei Losen mit mehreren Stücken sind die Stückzahlen nur ca.-Angaben. Gewährleistungsansprüche wegen Sach- und Rechtsmängeln oder irrtümlichen Zuschreibungen sind ausgeschlossen. Innerhalb der gesetzlichen Gewährleistungsfrist vorgetragene und begründete Mängelrügen des Käufers leiten wir jedoch unverzüglich an den Einlieferer der bemängelten Sache weiter. Nach unserer Wahl treten wir unsere gegen den Einlieferer aus der Verletzung des Kommissionsvertrages zustehenden Ansprüche an den Käufer ab bzw. stellen den Käufer durch Rückabwicklung des Kaufvertrages schadlos, wobei ein über die Erstattung des Kaufpreises darüber hinausgehender Anspruch des Käufers ausgeschlossen ist. Wenn Sie die von uns erworbene Ware einem Grading Service übergeben wollen, übernehmen wir keine Garantie, dass die Münzen dort angenommen oder entsprechend unserer Bewertung eingestuft werden. Schadensersatzansprüche des Käufers gegen uns sind – gleich aus welchem Rechtsgrund – ausgeschlossen. Dies gilt nicht für Schäden, die auf einem vorsätzlichen oder grob fahrlässigen Verhalten von uns, unseren gesetzlichen Vertretern oder Erfüllungsgehilfen beruhen bzw. ihre Ursache in der Verletzung von vertraglichen Kardinalpflichten haben; im letzteren Fall ist Haftung jedoch auf den vorhersehbaren, vertragstypischen Schaden beschränkt. Die Haftung für Schäden aus der Verletzung des Lebens, des Körpers oder der Gesundheit bleibt unberührt.

Die Mindeststeigerungsstufen für das Bietungsverfahren betragen: bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu bis zu ab

€ 100,– € 200,– € 500,– € 1.000,– € 2.000,– € 5.000,– € 10.000,– € 20.000,– € 50.000,– € 50.000,–

€ 5,– € 10,– € 20,– € 50,– € 100,– € 200,– € 500,– € 1.000,– € 2.000,– € 5.000,– (bzw. 10 %)

Wir berücksichtigen bestmöglich schriftliche oder fernmündliche Angebote bzw. Angebote übers Internet und behandeln diese grundsätzlich gleich wie Angebote aus dem Versteigerungssaal. Aufträge von uns unbekannten Sammlern können wir nur ausführen, wenn ein Depot hinterlegt wird oder Referenzen benannt werden. Schriftliche Gebote können nur bis 24 Stunden vor Auktionsbeginn berücksichtigt werden, telefonische Bieter müssen sich mindestens zwei Werktage vor der Auktion voranmelden.

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Der Käufer kann nicht aufrechnen, es sei denn, seine Gegenansprüche sind rechtskräftig festgestellt, unbestritten oder von uns anerkannt. Zurückbehaltungsrechte des Käufers sind ebenfalls ausgeschlossen, es sei denn, er ist nicht Unternehmer i. S. d. § 14 BGB und sein Gegenanspruch beruht auf demselben Vertragsverhältnis. Es gilt ausschließlich das Recht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Das Übereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Verträge über den internationalen Warenkauf (CISG) findet keine Anwendung. Gegenüber Unternehmern i. S. d. § 14 BGB und Käufern ohne allgemeinen Gerichtsstand im Inland ist Erfüllungsort und ausschließlicher Gerichtsstand bei allen aus dem Vertragsverhältnis unmittelbar oder mittelbar sich ergebenden Streitigkeiten Osnabrück. Sollte eine der Bestimmungen ganz oder teilweise unwirksam sein oder werden, bleibt die Gültigkeit der übrigen davon unberührt. Die unwirksame ist durch eine wirksame zu ersetzen, die dem wirtschaftlichen Gehalt und Zweck der unwirksamen Bestimmung am nächsten kommt. Gleiches gilt für eine Lücke. Soweit die Versteigerungsbedingungen in mehreren Sprachen vorliegen, ist stets die deutsche Fassung maßgebend.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

Terms and Conditions of Auction We auction goods as commission agent in our own name and for account of not named consignors. Participation in the auction shall be deemed express acknowledgement of these Terms and Conditions of Auction. The hammer price is the basis for the calculation of the buyer’s surcharge. For buyers from EEC countries the following applies: for consumers there is a standard surcharge of 23 % (relevant VAT already included). For traders according to the Value Added Tax Act the surcharge is 23 % (relevant VAT already included) for goods delivered by difference taxation; for goods delivered by standard taxation the surcharge is 20 % plus the relevant VAT on the entire amount of hammer price and surcharge. Export deliveries to EEC countries shall be free of VAT on existence of the respective legal requirements. For buyers from abroad (no EEC country) the following applies: there is a standard surcharge of 20 %. As far those buyers export the good in person or by third persons, the relevant VAT will be charged but refunded by presentation of the legal export certificate. In case we export these goods the relevant VAT will not be charged. For gold coins, which are not subject to the legal VAT, the surcharge is 15 % of the hammer price. Foreign taxes and custom duties shall be carried by buyer as well as shipping expenses charged according to effort. The hammer shall fall after the highest bid has been called out three times. The knockdown shall oblige to take immediately delivery of the goods. Upon good cause shown we can refuse or reserve the knock down. In the event of several equal bids we have the right to knock down at our own discretion, to decide by drawing lots or re-open the bidding. The auctioneer reserves the right to combine or to separate lots for good cause. In case of a reserved knock down the bid expires four weeks after the knock down unless we informed the bidder within this period of the unreserved acceptance. Ownership of the goods shall not pass until full payment. Unless mutually agreed otherwise, payment of the auction bill from buyers present at the auction is due immediately, for other buyers within 20 days after receipt of the bill. Defaulted payments shall bear an interest charge of 1 % per month in the amount in default. Buyer shall immediately take over the knocked down goods. In case buyer is in default with this obligation and does not take over the goods in spite of a written deadline, or refuses to take over, we can withdraw from contract and claim damage provided that the item may be put again to auction at this buyer’s cost. In this event the buyer shall be liable for any shortfall, while he shall have no right or claim towards any excess proceeds. The minimum rates of increase for the bidding procedure are: up to up to up to up to up to up to up to up to up to above

€ 100.– € 200.– € 500.– € 1,000.– € 2,000.– € 5,000.– € 10,000.– € 20,000.– € 50,000.– € 50,000.–

€ 5.– € 10.– € 20.– € 50.– € 100.– € 200.– € 500.– € 1,000.– € 2,000.– € 5,000.– (respectively 10 %)

If necessary, we are allowed to increase the bids by 3 – 5 %. Bids amounting to less than 80 % of the estimate shall not be executed. Unlimited bids shall not oblige us to consider, accept or carry out such order. Written orders or those via telephone or Internet will be carried out without charge of an extra commission; they shall name the item with catalog number and the bid price and are binding. Ambiguities shall be carried by the bidder. We do not assume any liability for such bids, especially not for connecting and keeping up telephone lines and/or transmission errors, as well as not for off times and lag times, caused by attendance and restore of the server, by errors and problems of the Internet, by force majeure or reason outside of our responsibility. This does not apply in case we are acting in intentional or grossly negligence. The descriptions of the goods in the catalog do not constitute any warranty or liability in the meaning of § 434 BGB but are provided as mere information. The state of preservation of items is strictly assessed in accordance with the grades accepted by the German coin trade and only represents an individual and personal assessment. The authenticity of the coins is warranted (up to the total purchase price) unless anything to the contrary is noted in the catalog or the auction. In other respects, any and all warranty claims based on material defects of quality and defects of title are excluded. In view of the opportunity of prior inspection to ascertain the state and condition of the auction lots, complaints of errors resulting of the images are excluded. Buyers present at the auction acquire items strictly on the basis of »as is where is« and »as inspected«. If and when auctioned in lots, the quantities of individual pieces given, only represent an approximate figure. Any and all warranty claims based on material defects of quality and defects of title or on an error in the allocation of individual pieces to a certain lot are excluded. We forward quality complaints to the deliverer claimed within the legal period of warranty. To our own choice we assign possible claims resulting out of the commission contract to buyer or compensate buyer by unwinding of contract, at which a claim of buyer exceeding the purchase price is excluded. In case buyer intends to deliver goods to a Grading Service, we do not guarantee the respective acceptance or the classifying according to our valuation. Damage claims of buyer – irrespective of legal basis – are excluded. This shall not apply for damages resulting out of our intentional or grossly negligent conduct of our legal representatives respectively are caused in the breach of contractual cardinal obligations; to this degree, liability is limited to damages that are foreseeable and typical for this type of contract. This shall not effect our liability for damages to life, limb, or health. Offsetting counterclaims of buyer are excluded, unless the claim is uncontested or has been declared legally valid by court. Retentions rights of buyer are excluded unless he is not a trader (§ 14 BGB) and his counterclaim results from the same contractual relationship. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Germany. The UN Convention (CISG) on the International Sale of Goods shall not apply. Against traders (§ 14 BGB) and purchasers from abroad the exclusive jurisdiction shall be the Court of Osnabrück in relation to any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with the purchase. The German version of these conditions shall be the legally binding. The invalidity or inefficiency of any provision shall not effect the validity of all other provisions. In lieu of the invalid or inefficient provision or for the purpose of closing the gap, a reasonable provision shall apply.

We carry out best possible written or orders via telephone or internet and treat them equal to orders to present bidders. Orders from collectors unknown to the auctioneer can only be accepted and carried out if a deposit or references to the satisfaction on the auctioneer are given. To be bindingly accepted, written bids need to be received at least 24 hours before auction, bidders via telephone need to be registered at the latest two work days before auction.

TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE

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Numismatische Ausdrücke/Numismatic Terms/Expressions Numismatiques/ Termini di Numismatica/Нумизматические Термины DEUTSCH

ENGLISH

FRANCAIS

ITALIANO

RUSSKIJ

Abschlag Am Rand Berieben Blei Dezentriert Doppelschlag Einfassung Einseitig Emailliert Erhaltung Etwas Exemplar Fassungsspuren Fehlprägung

struck at the rim/border slightly polished lead uncentered double struck frame uniface enamelled condition/preservation slightly specimen, copy trace of mounting mis-strike

frappe en tranche frotté plomb décentré double frappe encadrement uniface émaillé conservation un peu exemplaire traces de monture défaut de frappe

coniazione al bordo trattato piombo non centrato ribattitura cornice uniface smaltato conservazione un poco esemplare tracce di montatura difetto di coniazione

Feld(er) Gedenkmünze Geglättet Gelocht Geprägt Gewellt Goldpatina Henkelspur Hübsch Jahrh. = Jahrhundert Kl. = klein Korrosionsspuren Kratzer Kupfer Legierung Leicht(e) l. = links Min. = minimal Nachahmung Prachtexemplar Prägeschwäche Randdelle Randfehler Randschrift r. = rechts Rückseite

field(s) commemorative coin tooled holed minted bent golden patina mount mark attractive century small traces of corrosion scratch(es) copper alloy slightly left minimal imitation attractive, perfect piece weakly struck edge nick edge faults lettered edge to right reverse

champ monnaie commémorative retouché troué frappé ondulé patine dorée trace de monture joli siècle petit traces de corrosion rayure cuivre alliage légèrement gauche minime imitation pièce magnifique de frappe faible défaut sur la tranche défaut sur la tranche tranche inscrite droite revers

campo moneta commemorativa liscio bucato coniato ondolato patina d´oro tracce di appicagnolo carino secolo piccolo segni di corrosione graffio(i) rame lega leggero sinistra minimamente contraffazione esemplare magnifico conio stanco ammaccatura al bordo errore nel bordo inscrizione sul bordo destra rovescio

оттиск на гурте потертая свинец ассиметричный двойной чекан кайма односторонняя эмалированная сохранность слегка экземпляр следы обработки ошибка в процессе чеканки поле памятная монета отглаженная проколатая отчеканенная волнистая золотая патина следы от ушка красивая столетие маленький следы коррозии царапина медь сплав легкий слева минимальный имитация превосходный экземпляр издержкн при чеканкe вмятина на гурте ошибка на гурте гуртовая надпись справа реверс

178

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Schriftspuren

traces of inscription

traces de légende

tracce di leggenda

Schrötling Schrötlingsfehler Schwach ausgeprägt Selten in dieser Erhaltung

flan flan defect weakly struck rare in this condition

flan flan défectueux de frappe faible rare en cet état

tondello errore di tondello conio stanco conservazione rara

Seltener Jahrgang Stempel Stempelfehler Überdurchschnittlich erhalten Überprägt Unediert Unikum Vergoldet Von allergrößter Seltenheit Vorderseite Winz.= winzig Zain Zierrand Zinn ziseliert

rare year die(s) mistake in the die extraordinary condition

année rare coin erreur de frappe conservation extraordinaire

overstruck unpublished unique specimen gilt extremely rare averse tiny flan ornamental border tin chased

surfrappé inédit unique doré de toute rareté en face petit flan tranche ornée étain ciselé

annata rara conio errore di conio conservazione estraordinaria ribattuto inedito pezzo unico dorato di estrema raritá diritto veramente piccolo tondello taglio ornato stagno cesellato

следы предыдущей надписи заготовка брак заготовки слабо отчеканeна редкая в такой сохранности редкий год штамп ошибка штампа сохранность выше среднего перечекан неопубликованная монета уникальная позолоченная наиредчайшая аверс незначительный заготовка декоративный гурт цинк гравированный

Erhaltungsgrade/Grading Terms/Degrès de Conservation/Gradi di Conservazione/ Шкала сохранности DEUTSCH

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Polierte Platte Stempelglanz Vorzüglich Sehr schön Schön Gering erhalten

Proof Uncirculated Extremely fine Very fine Fine Very good

Flan bruni Fleur de coin Superbe Très beau Beau Très bien conservé

Fondo specchio Fior di conio Splendido Bellissimo Molto Bello Bello

полированная превосходная отличная очень хорошая хорошая удовлетворительная

Seltenheitsgrade/Rarity Terms/Degrés de Rareté/Grado di Raritá/ Шкала редкости DEUTSCH

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R = Selten RR = Sehr selten Von großer Seltenheit Von größter Seltenheit Von allergrößter Seltenheit Unediert

R = Rare RR = Very rare Very rare Extremely rare Extremely rare Unpublished

Rare Très rare De grande rareté Extrêmement rare De la plus extrême rareté Inédit

raro molto raro di grande raritá di grandissima raritá di estrema raritá inedito

редкая очень редкая большой редкости наибольшей редкости наиредчайшая ранее не описанная

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IMPRESSUM NUMISMATISCHE BEARBEITUNG FOTOS LAYOUT DRUCK

Dr. Lutz Ilisch Lübke & Wiedemann, Stuttgart danner pc - gesteuerte systeme waiblingen meister print und media, Kassel, Januar 2013 Jeglicher Nachdruck, auch auszugsweise, bedarf der Genehmigung des Auktionshauses

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