HISTORY & ORIGIN

Image 6 -Photograph showing the construction of Charminar

Later 1890’s to 19th century, the developments of market streets led to a drastic change in city scape with creation of MJ Market , Koti Market , Bazaars, and , other important public buildings like General hospital , High court , Assembly , Osmainia University led to the settlement of people around the built forms being the focal entities of the squares and the city expanded its limits with the invent of industries in and around the city.

Image 8 - Charminar streetscape Image 7 ( View of King kothi Palace )

Image 9 - View of Chowmahalla Palace overlooking the majestic Charminar and Mecca masjid.

The next phase , to connect the city with the other neighbouring towns and cities , Railway lines are laid under The H.E.H Nizam state Railways and built Hyderabad , Secunderabad and Kachiguda railway stations. Secunderabad , being the cantonment of the East India company, and so , the city expanded eventually turning up into “Twin” cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad.

Image 10 ( view of Kachiguda railway station )

Image 11 ( View of Secunderabad railway station )

Image 12 ( View of the Hyderabad railway station )

During the same phase , The Nizam government developed ‘Deccan airlines’ , developed an airport at Begumpet; made Hyderabad fly from it’s boundaries to other extents. Image 13 ( View Of Begumpet Airport )

Drastic changes were brought into the city fabric post independence and through phases , Hyderabad transformed into a mega city with a coin name called as ‘Janta Nagaralu’ , city of pearls , city of diamonds, city of lakes , Heritage city, Vibrant city and many more.

4 . FUNCTION

4 A LINKAGES :

4 B Links in the city : ROAD

City well connected with NH 65 , Well connected with Mumbai , Vijayawada , Pune , Bengaluru , Kurnool , Warangal highways.

City connected with an Outer ring road , facilitates free flow of traffic and a proposal for regional ring road is being proposed.

Image 14 – View of ORR

Image 15 ( Outer ring road & regional ring road map flow )

4 C . RAIL :

City head quarters for South Central Railway, with 4 major railway stations on all 4 sides –Secunderabad , Hyderabad , Kachiguda and Lingampally . MMTS ( Multi- Modal Transit System ) cheap and speed rail transit movement across the city areas (local ) ,Metro rail , an elevated project connecting the ends of city through 3 lines.

( MMTS network )

Images 16 – 20 - (Major stations photographs) –Secunderabad , Hyderabad , Kachiguda and Lingampally

4 D . METRO

Addition of metro rail in 2017 was an asset to the city in combating the traffic , 1-1.5 lakh people use metro services per day

Image 21 - Mana Metro ( Hyderabad )

Image 22 (Metro rail map )

Air : RGIA – An extension to city was made and in 2006-07 , Rajiv Gandhi International Airport changed the face of Hyderabad city paving the way forward to break the borders. As of now , RGIA stands top in passenger , air ,cargo traffic in India.

Image 23 , RGIA Image 24 ( View of RGIA )

4E . BUS :

Image 25 - City busses are often used more and are a cheap mode of transportation

Image 26 - AC busses also run throught the city . There are a total of 10 depos in the city which facilitate bus movement and have bus stops in all localities.

5 EXISTING MMTS :

5A . PHASE 1 : The first phase was opened to the public on 9 August 2003 by Deputy Prime Minister of India , L.K. Advani.

The second phase was opened by , N. Chandrababu Naidu, chief minister of Andhra Pradesh in 2004 on a vision to provide cheap transportation across the movement of people in the city and to connect the sub – urban parts of the Hyderabad city.

The system has three lines, with total length of 44 kilometres (27 mi).

In May, 2010, Indian Railways decided to take over the 107-kilometre (66 mi) Phase II project at an estimated cost of ₹ 641 crore.

The Railway Board cleared the second phase after the state government agreed to fund two-thirds of the cost, and it is under construction. ( public funding project )

The first phase was completed at a cost of ₹1.78 billion (US$25 million), The project is expected to complement the city's rapid growth in information technology, biotechnology, health, aviation and tourism.

It covers 44 kilometres (27 mi), with 27 stations connecting Secunderabad, Nampally, Dabirpura, Mal akpet, Falaknuma, HITEC City and Lingampally along other routes such as Bolaram (to Manoharabad) and Umdanagar. ( sub urban )

PHASE 2 :

The city has 3 main lines and a major connectivity pattern between Hyderabad – Secunderabad –Cyberabad zones with sub- urban connectivity to Moula- ali , Cherlapalli , Manoharabad , Bhuvanagiri and Vikarabad.

Newly added line – Umda Nagar – Manoharabad.

Existing stations : 44 ( 27 Old )

Route length : 44 KM + 30 KM Passenger count / day : 1.5 - 2 Lakhs

Gauge length : 1676 mm , 5’6” Broad guage

Proposal to increase upto 264 KM by connecting various satellite towns , and improvise the existing network. Multi- Nuclei model is being implemented. Proposal’s for transport link based development.

6. Existing routes :

1. Lingampalli to Hyderabad Deccan

2. Lingampalli to Secunderabad

3. Hyderabad Dn to Secunderabad

4. Lingampalli to Kachiguda jn

5.Lingampalli to Falaknuma – Umdanagar

6. Umdanagar – Manoharabad

7. RC Puram - Secunderabad

Image 27 - (Existing network/ source : MMTS Hyderabad https://scr.indianrailways.gov.in/)

Image 28 -(Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Shri N Chandrababu Naidu at the foundation ceremony of Hyderabad MMTS ) at the current Hi- tech city railway station.

Image 29 - (MMTS Stations in the early 2003’s)

Image 30 - (The Unique MMTS which is in white and blue color)

7 ISSUES WITH EXISTING MMTS:

7A CONNECTIVITY TO SATELLITE TOWNS:

Image 31 (sub urban train)

Connectivity with prime locations is missing , end parts of the city is not connected , people from the existing satellite towns face severe problems with existing transportation facilities such as improper bus timings , no proper intra town / city busses , lack of auto , lack of metro connectivity to the capital city.

8. SAFETY:

Image 32 & 33 ( High waiting hours for tickets )

Night time travel in MMTS is becoming unsafe due to improper lighting in stations , intermediate stops , improper timings , and other people accessing the train with no tickets and high people flow during rush hours.

9 . UNIVERSAL ACCESSIBILITY:

Image 36 - (No barrier free considerations while planning , View of Fathehnagar MMTS Station )

No barrier free stations were designed in order to cater the differently – abled , no proper guidelines and users face various problems in getting into trains and coming out of platforms.

10. MODERN TECHNOLOGY:

Image 34 - (View of Signage board inside the MMTS Train)

Image 35 - (Ramps only at major junctions)

( Image 37- ( ATVM ) In one of the station, Source : Indian railway SCR Zone , Google.com

Since 2015 , many stations were equipped with Wi- Fi , many stations are yet to get touch screen kiosks , ticked vending machines , automatic announcement systems and other modern equipment.

Rail is equipped with signage , speech and braille script inside.

Various developments in the IT sector will pave a way forward for futuristic transportation where in , many new amenities need to be added for trains , stations and improvise micro economy at the important nodes.

New stations are being equipped with universal accessibility guidelines to felicitate the movement of the differently – abled.

New trains are also added to cater exclusive needs of “Divyang – jan” , separate coaches are allotted for them in the train compartments.

10 INFRASTRUCTURE : Image :38 , 39 , 40

Public toilets , street lights and various urban elements are not in proper theme and less lighting is making unsafe at many stations and a cause for anti-social events.

Every budget , there are high allocations for the MMTS train system but , many proposals are still in papers and news.

11. RAIL ROAD CROSSINGS :

At many stations , there is no proper movement between rail road crossings and many accidents happen here due to no proper alarm systems , crossing gates.

12. INTERMEDIATE LAND

Various slums , assigned lands , and intermediate patches are prone to pollution , and damage by putting lot of plastic waste and domestic waste.

13. LEVELS & CONTOURS

In this context , railway under bridges were not constructed properly which is leading to serious drainage issue and water clogging at many under bridges.

The rail stretches are prone to severe damage because of waste from normal railway trains , drainage clogging issues , and putting up garbage heaps beside tracks.

Image 41 ( Underpass of Hitech city MMTS Station )

This is leading to severe health issues at the near by slums / tanda’s / settlements due to improper sanitation.

14. CITY LEVEL TRANSPORT

Bus stops , auto stands and e vehicles should be increased form stations to the city hotspots. As of now , few metro stations were linked to MMTS stations to increase the transportation links.

15. BUFFERS

Buffer from the rail to the builtform is less in few areas, making those areas vulnerable to sound , and they become the garbage dumping back yards for the slums / tandas , which are built without proper buffers.

No land use plan has been allocated till date for what kind of proposals should be done in the buffer zones

16. AIM :

To propose design solutions for the expansion of MMTS , and a vision to provide cheap , hassle friendly transportation and re vitalization of existing MMTS network

17. OBJECTIVES :

1. Improvisation of transit network 2. Expansion it to all parts of the city and to

the airport

3. Improvise regional connectivity 4. Improvise the railway station amenities 5. Cheap transportation 6. Active usage of rail stretches 7. Enhancing sustainability 8. Hassle friendly local stations and AI

implementation

9. Improvising green cover on the rail road

18. PROPOSALS : New Lines proposed :

( Source : SCR – Hyderabad MMTS )

1. Moula ali – Ghatkesar ( 12.2 KM)

2. Falaknuma – Umda Nagar – Shamshabad (

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport RGIA ) ( 20 KM )

3. Secunderabad - Medchal (28 KM)

4. Sanath Nagar – Moula ali ( 22.1)

5. Moula ali – Malkajgiri – Sithaphalamandi (10KM)

6. Tellapur ( Financial district ) –Rama Chandra

Puram – Patancheruvu ( 8 KM )

7. Total track : 100 KM

Image 42- ( Proposed map for phase 2 development)

19. SCOPE:

Improvisation of connectivity to all the zones in the city makes it more user friendly and making the transportation cheap with hassle free movement

Decrease in utility of personal vehicles to work , and other works , clean transport usage

Proposing green corridors through the railway tracks so as to maintain bio diversity and increase ecology

Proposing clean and sustainable transit by incorporating solar coaches

Improvisation of sanitation facilities

Provision of MMTS Depos at Secunderabad , Moula ali , International airport , Patancheruvu and Lingampally, this ensures proper maintenance and cleaning facilities.

Making the stations more usable , with more hassle free equipment , accessible stations for the divyang-jan and improvisation of public toilets.

20. STATION VISION & OBJECTIVES :

- Maximum passenger convenience - Safety and security - Fast and efficient passenger flow - Flexible interiors - A world class vision

21. PASSENGER CONVENIENCE AND COMFORT

- Station must be provided with all the necessary as well as desirable amenities for the customer/passenger.

- Amenities should not be limited to the necessary ones, such as public toilets, water points, rest rooms, availability of train information and enquiry counters.

- They should also include retails, convenience stores, food courts, ATMs and the like.

- Amenities should be distributed uniformly throughout the public space of the station, and not be concentrated particularly at the entry/exit points where they will interfere with passenger movement.

- They should be arranged in such a way to help in decentralizing of customer volume and facility maintenance.

- The design of the Station shall allow maximum customer comfort and convenience.

- The designer must keep in mind the fact that the transit passenger is a customer and that a primary goal of the Station design is to create a comfortable, convenient, and attractive environment that attracts and retains customers.

- Design issues that contribute to this include:

- The minimization of customer travel distances; - The provision of pedestrian routes that are as logical and direct as possible; - The provision of assisted locomotion (elevators, escalators, moving walkways) where appropriate and feasible to speed customer flow and assist the mobility impaired or burdened customers; and - The provision of adequate customer amenities. - The Station shall be designed to enhance the aesthetic and environmental qualities of the path between the station entrance

22. SITE LEVEL SCOPE :

- Energy Efficiency - Material and Resource Conservation - Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) - Best Operation and Maintenance - Water Conservation and Site Management

23. OTHER ASPECTS SCOPE :

- Train management - ATVM’S - Tourism / food / related - Information systems - Multi modal connectivity - Free flow of people - Passenger utilities - Cleaning - Railway staff - Management - Commercial development - Trolley services - Outside connectivity - Accessible platforms

24. STATION DESIGN PARAMETERS :

(Source : Indian railways manual for station design)

Deferred directional decision-making, which simplifies wayfinding, free flow of customers, and cross-platform transfers.

More efficient use of space and VCEs, since customers traveling in both direction can share platform space and VCEs.

Platform width that may be less than combined width of equivalent side platforms; the resulting station may be smaller and less expensive.

Spacing between tracks can be wider to accommodate crossovers.

Fewer elevators to the platform level are required to provide equivalent accessibility.

Possible reduction in the need to cross oncoming traffic (in order to reach vertical circulation) when a single concourse is provided. Ability of passengers to change train directions without crossing tracks and changing levels

25. WHOLE SCALE APPROACH :

AC LHB COACHES

Improvisation of normal ICF Coaches to LHB technology based coach so as to ensure hassle free movement and a smooth ride . Proposal for AC coaches so as to increase comfortable journeys

Image 43 & 44 - ( AC Coaches at Mumbai MRTS & Sri city manufacturing unit )

26. FAST TRANSIT

Coaches to be designed so as to travel upto 100-120 kmph and having a free corridor movement in order to ensure quick movement.

Source : https://telanganatoday.com/hyderabad-mmtsto-complete-16-glorious-years

Image 45 , 46 & 47

27. CONNECTIVITY WITH OTHER MODES

Important stations need to be connected with bus stops , metro stations and provision of all transit points for better connectivity

28. AIRPORT CONNECTIVITY

Proposals were made to connect from falaknuma station becoming it difficult for the people to travel till falaknuma station for one and half hour and again have a journey of 35-40 minutes , rather people prefer to have more flexible route via the ORR with several modes of transport such as AC Busses , Cabs and personal vehicles.

29. PROPOSED ROUTE :

Hi – tech city – International airport

Lingampally – International airport

Umda Nagar – Hi tech city – International airport

This provides maximum flow of people to the airport and connects all the stations on the existing route making Hi – tech city station a central node.

30. METHODOLOGY

1. Study of existing MMTS 2. User feedback 3. Issues identification 4. Existing proposals 5. Re – thinking the proposals 6. Suggestions from people 7. New proposals on routes 8. Land pooling & issues 9. Contour analysis 10. Design proposals

31. LIMITATIONS :

- Large stretch - To be focused on certain stretches - City terrain - User feedback - Government funding - Interlinking all transport facilities - Availability of land - Land pooling - Maintenance of the overall network

Image 48 ( MMTS running at Hi tech city area )

32. CITY LEVEL INFORMATION :

33. SAFETY :

Crimes are a part of Hyderabad until 2012, and the rate of crime has been drastically reduced in the recent times. Vibrant streets , night life keeps the city awake . But few spots in the outskirts are becoming dangerous due to improper roads and lighting during night times.

34. COMFORT

Happy and liveable city , with all roads interconnected , wonderful food , parks , malls , accessibility , housing at its cheap and low cost of living as compared to other south Indian cities.

35. DIVERSITY

Cultural capital of Telangana ( Erst while Andhra Pradesh ). Ethnicity includes people from Andhra , Telangana and Rayalaseema regions of the Telugu states, lots of festivals which are originated from various sources. Ganesh Chaturthi ,Bathukamma, Dusshera , Deepawali ,Sankranti , Bonalu , Ramzan, Moharram , and other local festivals are celebrated on a grand scale . Image 49 - Bhagyalakshmi temple adjoining Charminar

Image 50- Hanuman Jayanthi in Charminar

Image 51 - Bathukamma celebrations

Image 52. Vinayaka nimarjanam in Hussain sagar

36. ORDER :

From the early 1998’s A new city has been added to the erstwhile twin cities named ‘CYBERABAD’ bringing in the IT companies of the world to its heart. The overall cityscape has changed since then and Hyderabad increased its revenue to 1 lakh crore / year in the year 2002. New offices, areas , layouts made the urban sprawl with new CBD being the financial district .

This also catered to the addition of MMTS network and increase in transit modes and routes as the city growth happened eventually.

Image 53. (Cyber towers – The 1st IT building in the city) Image 54. The new urban sprawl

The city has been effective in maintaining all sides combining of industrial ,IT, Heritage , residential cluster at a proper balance maintaining the hierarchy . various colonies , layouts , nagars are a part of city enclosures. Mini CBD’S are provided in order to spread the traffic of public and vehicles.

Balance of built forms not maintained where in there is no law for urban fabric , but in special heritage areas , the law abides the built forms to be constructed in the fabric of the heritage monuments.

Roads are huge , making it an easy flow for vehicles and many link roads ,flyovers , underpasses, expressways are provided in order to avoid congestion.

Many types of transport facilities like metro , auto , cabs , busses , MMTS , etc are developed in the city

Overall harmony is maintained in the city scape while seen from the above, and the localities represent the similar style .