Aquatic life 3 1918

DtU sro,(jdr

,^^arc|-'1'91#^'

Jacob C. Cassel 915 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa Manufacturer of

AQUARIUMS Aquarium Ornaments Floral Terra Cotta, Etc.

and

-M-mni

-»rifw

inrmr-

aquarium requisites.

Send for Catalog.

all

DOOOCTDOOOC

aoooc^ooooc

infv-ir

Fish Food

Fish Globes

Goldfish

414

E.

TREMONT AVENUE

Aquarium Specialty Go. NEW YORK CITY When some were

of our

called to the Colors

most

successful

We

of fishes, plants, aquaria, etc.

and Breeders over their entire stocks

Collectors, Aquarists

we were not slow

in taking

are thus in a position to offer a larger col-

and

lection

RARER SPECIES OF TROPICAL FISHES AND GOLDFISHES than

we have been

able to

show during

the past three years.

Naturally, the

for the unusual fishes will exceed the supply, and for this reason only also urge the earlier purchasers will secure the most desirable specimens.

demand

We

the goldfish fanciers and breeders to speed up their demands.

AS TO OUR PRICES: Some of Tropical fishes hardly

worth

time ago half the

we were

amount

WHAT WE

DID BUY we have bought CAN AND WILL SELL at prices as reasonable

to buy.

AQUARIUM SPECIALTY

CO.,

414

E.

n r

YOU

Are Looking for Something Extra Fine in Broad -tail Telescopes Don't Forget

Snails

FISH

413

OOCZJi

w

Plants !

North Tenth Street AllEntown, Pa. i

nf

w

—

-iTYv

% nr:r\i

refused

and

WE

New York

City

as possible.

Manager.

CX)0<

)000<

)OOOC

30001

)OOOC

3000(

)CX>0<

Violet-Ray Fish

n

—nn

o«

)00OC=30Q

—nS

M

Remedy

Fungus,

n

6 g n y

Rot, Congestion in fancy fishes; also white spots Box of Six Powders, on Tropical fishes.

Safe and effective.

25c.

o g n

§

REGENIA CHEMICAL CO.

8

Relieves Constipation,

Valley Club

>i

we

Excellent for plants. Help the snails form shell.

Benefits the flsh. Box of Six Powders, 25c. For sale at Pet Stock stores.

8

FINE FISH

FOR SALE AT ALL TIMES

course,

Use Regenia Aquarium Salts To 5o>^lace the natural salts in your aquarium as absorbed by the fishes and snails.

W. H. HEIMBACH

Breeder and Importer of

Of

at the right prices,

Tremont Avenue

JOSEPH TAUBLES,

IF

offered a motley collection

asked.

L

Tail

New

Jersey

jj

fj

rjoooc^^oooci^iococr^iczrDOCKDCi^cooczoococ^oo

CLASSIFYING FISHES DAVID STARR JORDAN Lelana Stanford Junior

lini-^Jersit^?

Boleosonaa nigrum

Johnny' Darter

.,1.-^-.-^-^.^

A

fish is a

which

mal,

cold-blooded vertebrate aniis

fitted

aquatic

for

life,

spawn, fastening their staying fastened

till

lips to a

stone and

they wear out, a pic-

breathing the air dissolved in the water,

turesque

by means of structures called

which Thoreau once called attention. It is also a grim lesson of the reward of de-

dififers its

gills.

It

from the Amphibia by spending life in the water and in never .

whole

having

its

limbs provided with fingers or

feature

of

the

river-floor

votion.

Bigger fishes are divided into the class

toes.

of sharks and the class of true fishes.

At the bottom of the series are tunicates, lancelets and other primitive or

rium.

degenerate forms, which hardly look like

lives in

The lowest which would adorn

fishes.

an aquarium

is

and

with a row of

eel-like,

the lamprey, long, slim gill

holes

side, and with no paired fins or and no jaws, its big round mouth

along the limbs,

a sucking disc, provided with teeth.

lamprey

I

rasp-like

never knew any one to put a into an aquarium, but they

would be very interesting. You can find them in the spring in most of the northern

States,

running up the brooks

to

to

Sharks do not thrive in a private aquaThere is a little black sharklet that

that

deep bays

it is

always

Btmopterus long.

It

lucifer,

down name is

Japan, so far

in

in darkness.

and

it

is

Its

only a foot

has on each side of the belly a

luminous patch, by which it sees its way.

Dr. Schmidt, the Russian naturalist, put one in the aquarium, and then at night

made Of

a

drawing of

it

by

its

own

light.

the true fishes, there are twenty or

thirty large

groups called orders.

Each

order contains from one to a hundred families.

Each family is made up of

jSlquattc Jiitz

8-t

may

genera, and each genus

one to

The

five

scientific

contain from

hundred kinds of

name

of a fish

is

species.

the genus,

as a noun, followed by the species as an adjective.

the salmon of the Atlan-

and the jumping

a species of the genus Salino,

tic is its

Thus

name

is

Sahno

salar,

The Rainbow trout of California is also a Salmo and its name is Salmo irideus.

Sometimes scientific men ignorsalmon.

worker

name

right

just as important to

it is

as

it is

to

have the

an aquarian

to

have

clean water.

In the brooks of the world are multitudes of handsome and interesting

little

worth studying, and every one has a scientific name of two parts, and meaning in Latin or Greek something fishes all

worth remembering.

My first aquarium studies were on the "Johnny Darters," which swarm in the brooks of the Middle West, the most interesting to me, of

fishes,

all

because of

and forms and the many speThere are just a hundred kinds cies. known now, and probably thirty more are their color

Petromyzon marinus

Sea Lamprey

name

antly or carelessly

a fish which has

If we allowed this already been named. there would be endless confusion. So in

science

we always

take the oldest name,

has been used before for someThus the Black Bass was thing else. named by different men, Micropterus, unless

it.

Huro and Grystes. name Grystes best, but it

Calliurus, Aplites, like

the

wrong. oldest,

I

fin,"

is

the

it

has

"little

They

est of fishes, for

they cannot stand foul

are not the hardi-

But they are the daintiest of Some day fishes and the most inspiring.

I may tell you more about them.

Their genera are Btheostoina, Bolcosoma, Hadropterus, Poecilichthys and many others, and they live in the bottom of the little creek just back of your house, unwater.

is

and must be used, though

Micropterus,

yet to be found.

much appropriateness.

Often we find it necessary to divide an old genus, as we might divide a county.

This happens when we discover some new and important kind of distinction.

Thus when we found large dift'erences in not

Brook Trout as compared with the black-spotted Trout and Salmon of Europe and of our Western mountains, we set off the Brook Trout and its relatives from Sahno as a the skull of the Eastern

new

genus, Salvelinus.

The

species be-

comes Salvelinus fontinalis instead of Salmo fontinalis. Such divisions arising from better knowledge, and changes arising from using an older name, are com-

mon

in science.

first to

They

are confusing at

the beginner, but to the scientific

Lampetra

Brook Lamprey

westward of the There are the Rocky Mountain region, and

you

less

wilderi

live

to

the

Missouri and the Rio Grande.

none none (

in

in the Sierras.

In mentioning the Lamprey, in his

book.

The

Home

Aquarium,

Eugene

Smith notes that "in the aquarium they do fairly well, if given mud or sand to hide

in,

but they will be rarely seen.

I

put two young^ ones into a one-gallon tank,

and did not see them again until a year afterwards, when, re-

more than

Slquatic JLitt

moving the mud, both were found, one considerably larger than

when put

have not the

upon what they

least idea

subsisted during

time.

all this

in.

and he had practically abandoned the when he heard through Dr. Barton Warren Evermann, director of the

project,

I

Museum

Possibly

the transfer of the

They lived for some time afterward.

The adults are known to eat holes into the bodies of fishes, upon which they fasten themselves to suck out their juices,

way doing

this

streams and lakes. nest builders

Lampreys,

too, are

of

the

splendid

under the

Ed.)

A

Aquarium

Steinhart

great public aquarium for San Fran-

cisco has been provided for in the will of

Ignatz Steinhart, in that

on

city

$250,000

is

Academy

who

May

home The sum of

died at his 15.

bequeathed to the California

of Sciences, to be used for the

erection of the

By

aquarium building.

the express terms of the will the aqua-

rium

is

be

to

in

Academy

Museum

of Sciences.

interest

at

Academy

of

the aquarium

Steinhart's approval. Mr. Steinhart was one of the most philanthropic citizens of

San Francisco, and be held

his

name

will ever

remembrance by the visitors to the great aquarium which his breadth of vision and liberality will have made possible. The American Museumin grateful

Journal.

The Mosquito JOHN

It

to be called the "Steinhart

fornia

management of

he desired to establish, should he wish it to do so, and the suggestion met Mr.

of

Aquarium," under management, and is to be the superintendence, and operation of the Caliis

of Dr.

Mr. Steinhart's once revived.

It was sug-

Golden Gate Park,

adjacent to or adjoining the the California

of that aquarium

directorship

Charles H. Townsend.

accept the

The

success

efficient

gested that the California Academy ol Sciences would probably be willing to

streams."

the

in

in

mounds

rearing small

;

and pebbles

stones

damage

great

of the California

Academy, of management of the New York Aquarium from the New York Board of Park Commissioners to the New York Zoological Society, and

they fed on the refuse matter in the mud.

in

85

Sciences.

The ex-

The

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the

is

of the North American

smallest

species,

Fish

MURPHY

top minnow, Heterandria one of the smallest of fishes

tiny

formosa,

C.

not even excepting the pigmy

pense of maintenance will be met by the

sunfishes.

While aquarians

San Francisco, provision for which was made in a charter amendment

"tropical,"

it

ranging from North Carolina to Florida

voted by the electorate recently.

in

of

city

As lars

the entire quarter of a million dol-

will

be put into the building,

it

is

ponds and

of the greatest aquariums in the world.

along nicely

Mr. Steinhart was very desirous that, if he established an aquarium, it should be under non-political control.

Until re-

ordinary

which

had not been able

entirely this

satisfactory

to discover

method

by

end could be accomplished.

it

as a

ditches.

This indicates

it

for those unable to

supply the degree of heat demanded by those from

cently he

class

really a temperate fish,

as a desirable fish

evident that San Francisco will have one

any

is

warmer

climes.

It

will get

during the winter

home

under

conditions, even though

room be uncomfortably cold.

This Heterandria, or Mosquito-fish, as is sometimes called, is not remarkable

the

it

for

its

beauty.

The general

color

is

brownish or greenish yellow, a dark band

aquatic Hitt

86

running from the mouth to a darker spot at the base of the tail, the band being crossed by a few

dorsal and anal fins

few

each bear a conspicu-

now

ous dark spot. The intensity varies, individuals at times being quite pale. The anal of the male

organ,

mittant

A

fishes.

is

modified into an intro-

like

most

live-bearing

full-grown female will meas-

ure an inch, the male being somewhat

broad-tails.

These

fish

were what we

put into the "old-style telescope"

class in competitions, long of

with relatively short

and

tails

body and a com-

fins,

them for a long battle They were life. long and kept "in condi-

bination fitting

with the vicissitudes of strong, lived

tion," even breeding

when

ten years old,

were not cumbered with fins, to sap energy and vitality. enormous

because they

smaller.

The

"big-eyed" specimens, but comparatively

The

vertical streaks.

Years ago we had more

broad-tail type.

species being so tiny, the

number

It of babies in a litter will be small. live-bearing other like handled should be

Disregarding the occasional precocious example, the protruding eye does not

development

tain full

at-

until the fish is four

or five years old, the growth paralleling that of the

hood of the Lionhead, which The present-day Ameri-

takes six years.

can transparent-scaled

(scaleless)

scope goldfish has reached the

development, and

fin

before

it is

Heterandria formosa

kinds, the female,

when

a delivery seems

close at hand, being placed in a closelyplanted tank. This fish is pre-eminently suited to the smallest aquaria, and will

breed and be very happy it Daphne, young white

in a globe.

worms and

Feed pre-

pared foods. All will be taken if the particles be smallâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; the principal require-

From an

{Heterandria, different male; formosa, comely.)

On

B.

HANNA

Breeders of telescope-eyed goldfish are prone to comment on the apparent lack of development of the eyes of the

modern

seems to have been overlooked that this seeming retrograde has been coincidental with the advance of the

show

is,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; no

fish.

in

pep, fins ragged and streaked, while the

eyes are not yet at the

maximum.

long and short of the matter

is

The

not really

that the eyes are being "lost," but that

the life of the breed, the time necessary for

development of the eyes, has

the

been shortened incidental to concentrating attention in breeding to the developof

fins.

Two men

were discussing as

did to pass

the Ark.

FRANK

exhibition view-

nine cases out of ten, a sorry mess

Noah Telescope Goldfish

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; there are few

point a fish three to four years old

ment

ment.

on the decline

is

three years old

exceptions.

tele-

maximum

away

to

what

the time on board

"I guess he did a

good deal of

fishing," suggested the ardent angler.

But some one is always ready with a wet blanket. "He couldn't do much fishing with only two worms," was the retort.

Ladies'

Home

Journal.

It

The

erosion of the shells of snails

is

often due to acidification of the water

HemicKromis Bimaculatus I

ERNEST LEITHOLF

Few

many cichlids are more known than Hemichro-

of the

popular or better biuiaculatus.

inis

Africa, where

it

It

to us

on the back.

broken

In habits

it

lines

It is

Glistening emerald dots in

bespangle the body and ver-

the latter edged with red.

tical fins,

from Egypt westward

the Congo.

to

from

has a rather wide dis-

tribution, ranging

and south

comes

bright scarlet, blending into a rich olive

a rather difficult task at times to

persuade

this fish to mate.

The male

does not differ from the familiar South

gifted with a quarrelsome disposition

American Chanchito, but propagation is more difficulties.

But when success comes, and the aquarium is peopled with a school of this gor-

a total lack of geniality,

is

and though some-

apt to be fraught with

fish, one remark that

geously colored

is

pertinently

''the

quite apt to

game

is

worth the candle."

The baby Hemichromis, weeks

six to eight

old, is striped, displaying

brown

horizontal

lines

ground of the same

on

two dark a

lighter

This changes

color.

on the back and which merges into the dull yellow of the belly. The two spots indicated by its specific name, biuiaculatus, now apinto a dull bluish green sides,

pear, one at

its

lateral centre, the other

at the base of the

caudal

name himaculatus

the

is

However,

fin.

rather a mis-

nomer, a third equally pronounced spot appears on the gill-cover, so the fish is than

rather

Hemichromis bimaculatus

times

way

it

is

the female that stands in the

of mutual understanding and team

work.

It

is

this

makes breeding

lack of cohesion that

difficult.

When

the fam-

scrap tends to become serious,

ily

it

is

two-

well to separate the couple by placing a

Small, glis-

glass partition in the aquarium, feeding

tening spots are scattered over the upper

both well, and trying in this way to make them become more kindly disposed towards one another. We have had males

really

three-spotted,

spotted, as the

name

implies.

half of the

body and on the

and caudal

fins.

When

dorsal, anal

about half grown the back and

that

positively

refused to mate, which

become reddish brown and the throat first shows the brilliant red. With maturity, and particularly during mating and breeding activities, the color splendor

selecting apparently congenial pairs

of

old

sides

both

from

sexes

the

is

amazing.

abdomen

upward

The body becomes

would have to

every female placed

A

method often successful rear a number of fishes together,

with them. is

killed

enough

when

to distinguish the sexes.

If the quarrels of courtship pass

and

aquatic %itt

88

The Sumatra Gourami

love becomes paramount, the eggs will

be deposited on a stone, to which they During incubation one parwill adhere. ent or the other stands guard, fanning

constantly with the fins to create a circulation of the water and prevent any possible accumulation of sediment.

a lack of

weeded out

;

normal development, are sometimes

We

destroyed.

have had a well disposed rearing several

after successfully

pair,

will be thus

all

This labyrinth list

HEEDE

J.

fish is the rarest in the

of aquarium fishes, because

it

has

been the good fortune of but one aquarian to possess

Some

it.

years ago a fish

number

in Sumatra, These did not long survive the journey, and apparently none have been collected since.

The species is described as having a

fancier collected a

or those that give evidence

fertile eggs,

of

In-

C.

while on a business

reddish

trip.

brown body, crossed

vertically

by

Perhaps

broods, devour the next one. the babies were weaklings.

During the

first

three or four days the

fry are unable to swim, so the parents

fashion hollows in the sand, to which the

Here they are guard-

babies are moved. ed, that

no harm befall them, one parent

When

alternating with the other.

are able to

swim

freely the

be removed, though the female

main with them from one

The

latter is not,

they

male should

may

to four

re-

weeks.

however, necessary to

their development, so she, too,

may

be

placed elsewhere.

This species seems very susceptible to Ichthvopthiniis, the infusorian parasite.

An

brood may succumb

entire

ages in a short time.

It is

the lookout, and check is

it

to its rav-

well to be on

the

Older

with Daphne to

fish will take

bearing, the latter being rather unlikely.

prepared foods, but

should dominate

its

bill-of-fare.

A

water temperature of 70 degrees will be suitable, except during breeding periods,

when

it

and caudal

When young

being prettily colored.

made

as the species in carnivorous, live material

fins

follow.

it

noticed.

infusoria,

several white streaks, the anal

were observed they were quite large and closely resembled the parents, which led the owner to conjecture that the species was a mouth-breeder, or perhaps live-

moment

In breeding, provision must be for

Osphromenus malayanus

should be five to ten degrees

higher.

-^

The

largest adults

This

article

is

were three inches long.

in the

way

of a sugges-

who make frequent

tion to the aquarians of California,

should be

in a position to

importations from the East Indies.

[Osphromenus,

smeller,

far-fetched,

but apparently in allusion to the possibil-

long rays of the pectorals being used as feelers or sense organs; malayity of the

He

a wise

man who

never has a great head on the shoulders the next is

morning.

anus, pertaining to Malay, the species.)

whence comes

Breeding GEORGE

I

Many

tKe

lovers of things aquatic content

A.

Goldfish

|

SCHEKIK

forego the pleasures of breeding.

may

Good

themselves with beautifying their aquaria

breeding

and with such pleasure as is obtained by watching the inhabitants and caring for

beautiful specimens actually worth any

The reward is great, as all aquaknow, but nothing compared to the joys of actually breeding and rearing fishes.

Some have been deterred by the thought that they have lacked and could them.

fish

be obtained for a few

dollars each, or one

may

and

find rare

owner may dictate.

The person who has never bred fish

price the fancy of the

rians

will naturally

ask

how

to

go about

it,

and

not readily acquire the necessary facili-

There

ties.

no

is

limit, of course, to the

extent to which one

from the

spect,

may go

single

in this

re-

aquarium and

a

couple of dishpans to the elaborate conservatories

the wealthy

of

constructed

cially

tanks of the professional

fish

cultvirist,

much fun and knowledge may

but

gained

even

with

a

in a city

medium

of

or the spe-

and outdoor

houses

few simple

An aquarium

apartment.

size,

not

be

necessities,

much

smaller than

twenty gallons, a dishpan or two, and a tub or another aquarium, represents about the

minimum

in

equipment, but

this will successfully care for

ing at

the undesirables are

if

an early age.

It

A

not absolutely necessary to start

is

with high-priced breeding is

one spawnweeded out

much

fishes.

There

to be learned that only experi-

what

Gravid Female Telescope Goldfish

steps to take to induce the fish to

spawn. The instinct to reproduce is

just as

ence can teach, and this knowledge can

other living things, so

be just as well gained from fish that are

sary

"just

fish"

specimens.

as from costly exhibition But don't misunderstand me.

I am not deriding the advantages of breeding from good stock, but, on the

contrary, advise getting as

purse will permit. one's

means are

good as the

The mere

limited

is

fact that

no reason

to

ing,

is

its

kind

strong in the goldfish as in all

that

is

neces-

fair-sized quarters, proper feed-

well oxygenated water and fish of

the opposite sex.

The

males, when in condition to breed, bear small, white dots or tubercles on the gill covers and along the first ray of the pectoral

fins.

In gravid females the roes

seldom develop evenly, making one side

jSlquatic JLitt

90

more distended than tion apparent in the

tration

Wilt. to

of a fish

the other, a condi-

accompanying

illus-

owned by George E.

Even before they

are in condition

spawn, precocious males

will often

be

female and

die females in ing.

â&#x20AC;˘

an

effort to induce

spawn-

-At times other than during the

breeding season the sexes less accurately

may

be more or

determined by an inspec-

of the

surroundings presents a

it

depressed.

is

These

differ-

ences are slight and negligible to the un-

of "Telescope" Ej)es.

observed frantically chasing or "driving"

its

or swollen appearance, while in

raised

the male

Blue Calico Telescope Goldfish View From Abo^?e.

Maximum Development

The vent

tion of the anal region.

TKis Splendid Specimen Exhibits the

Owned by

practiced

though

some

Franklin Barrett

but

eye,

they

are

exist

nevertheless,

more pronounced

in

cases, especially if the fish has been

bred, than in others.

While

with

(See illustration.)

special

attention

and

aquatic %itt proper conditions the goldfish will spawn

91

It is surprising how even a temperature can be maintained in this way, but the cover should be removed during the day

any time during the year, spring is the natural season, with the months from March to July the most practical and favorable. Unsettled weather, fluc-

light,

tuating temperatures and the uncertainty

warm

of a continuous supply of live food for

with the night temperature.

at almost

the

young are

drawbacks to earlier breeding.

Young from eggs spawned later than July do not have a serious

the tank gets considerable direct sun-

if

otherwise the water will become too while it is shining as compared

Within a few weeks the tubercles

will

begin to appear on the males, and the females will fill out as the roes develop.

The males will begin to drive the females, in a rather

perfunctory manner at

first,

but in earnest as the time for oviposition

When

approaches. the big event

this stage is

reached

may happen any morning,

and it behooves the owner to set the alarm clock for an early hour if he would

sufficiently

long

period

Soon after dawn the males

be present.

Sex Distinctions

of

favorable

drive

furiously,

among

the plants and butting her sides

forcing

growing weather before the advent of winter, so it is hardly worth while bothering with them.

At this time the ex-

citement of the males

perienced culturist

they

concentrating

is

from

attention on the select

all

his earlier

female

the

with their heads at every opportunity.

When

the first eggs are dropped the ex-

cease

driving,

is

intense.

stopping

First

in

their

tracks to turn and hover over the spot.

spawnings.

To

condition the fish for breeding they

should be kept in as large an aquarium as possible, particular care being taken

not to overcrowd.

a

little

Where

have

possible,

drip of water flowing constantly.

If this cannot be arranged, a little fresh

water added every day

will help to stim-

Feed plenty of nourishing foods, such as Daphne, Enchytrseids, raw chopped fish, the soft parts of oyster, fresh and dried shrimp, oatmeal and good

But after

prepared

chase,

ulate them.

much

fish

foods.

as possible.

\^ary the diet as

The water tempera-

ture should be over 60 degrees.

From

Spawning Net a

moment they

peculiar sinuous tilize

again

give

often brushing her body with a

movement

the dropping eggs.

as they ferIf not

inter-

6^ to 70 is best for spring spawnings.

Radical and rapid fluctuations in tem-

rupted the operation will continue

perature must be avoided.

hausted, for the mere fact that the female

in

which the acjuarium

evenly heated at

all

is

If the

placed

room is

not

hours, the aquarium

should be covered with a piece of glass.

for

several hours, or until the males are ex-

has dropped

all

the ripe eggs

concern to them, and for

vigorous

it

is

is

of no real

quite possible

males to drive her lone

jSlquattc Jiitt

92

pays to watch, and when it appears that the female has finished, she

have

should be taken out and placed alone in The males to recuperate.

allowed to start spawning in their regu-

after.

It

an aquarium

must

also be taken out or they will eat

They should have

the eggs.

a rest of

several days before being used again.

When

finished.

If

is

it

not possible to

provide tubs or nets, the fish

may be

them at once, and selected males, to an

lar quarters, transferring

female

the

enamel dishpan of the largest size. They will then go right on spawning, but they

a spawn is expected the culturist make his selection of males,

should not be previously placed in such

choosing two or three males to a female

produce from 2000 to 5000 eggs during a season, and from 500 to 1000 or

should

of the same

The

much

size,

three or four

she

if

Rearing Tanks in the Establishment of George E. Wilt

The

larger.

selected fish should be

Large

put into a tank by themselves.

wood

tubs of

space

or fibre are excellent.

limited, the

is

is

small quarters.

spawning net

trated will prove useful.

Photograph by H.

n:ore in one day, the

first

W.

Schmid

spawning being

Have two

or three good-sized bunches

of MyriophyUiun or a couple of water

is

merely

hyacinths in the spawning receptacle.

wood

frame,

prefer Myriophylhtm, as

This

a cheesecloth bag. tied to a

mature adult goldfish

usually the largest.

If

illus-

A

will

it

I

makes an ad-

mirable spawning bed, and

may remain

which rests across the top of the tank or aquarium.

The bag can be made of a size suitable to the tank, and twelve by

after the eggs hatch, helping to oxygenate

twelve by eighteen inches will be large

Unless the spawning has taken place

enough ill

the

in

any

net,

case.

with

The

fish are

several

placed

bunches

of

Myriopliyllnm, to which the spawn will adhere,

moved

the to a

eggs and plants being

hatching pan

when

re-

the fish

the water

in

a

and keep

well-planted,

it

sweet.

established

breeding

tank or acj^uarium, in which there

is

old

water and an adequate supply of infusoria, provision

must be made for

velopment as food for the

fry.

its

de-

If the

jSlquattc

HtCe

93

Outdoor tanks and

eggs have been placed in a dishpan, infu-

live foods.

powder may be sprinkled over the surface of the water at once, and the

be used later in the season for rearing

soria

minute animals

will

be present by the

time the fry are ready for them.

This

tubs, to

answer the purpose. If a box of horse manure and straw, with some meat laid on top and held down quarters, will

powder may be made by drying aquatic plants or lettuce leaves, and can also be

with a piece of wire netting,

purchased for a small sum. This microscopic food can be developed in separate

own

and sunk

to be expected that

entirely

to

is

weighted

each tank, you will have your miniature Daphne ponds. It is not in

feed

enough

the

fry,

will

develop

but

if

well

stocked in the beginning, and occasionally

enough should be available

replenished,

number of young to a size of an inch or more. Daphne from the

to feed a

half

Myriophyllum

containers, such as quart preserving jars,

and a

of this water added at inter-

little

vals to the receptacle containing the fry.

The eggs

of the goldfish are amber-

colored, transparent

and gelatinous, but

ones soon turn milky-white. be removed, for they are should These quickly attacked by a fungus, which may infertile

extend

its

activities to the

fertile

ponds should be strained before putting it into the aquarium or storage tank, and obnoxious insects removed. A frame of wood, three inches deep and nine to twelve inches square, covered on the bottom with brass wire screen, can be floated in the tank,

and the

poured into

collection of

They

it.

Daphne way

will find their

through, but the larger insects will be retained in the sieve. Goldfish fry have

many enemies among

eggs.

the aquatic insects

Hatching takes place from four to ten days after spawning, being dependent upon the temperature of the water, which as even as possible, and under no circumstances allowed to drop

must be kept

below 60 degrees.

W'hen the fry appear the yolk-sac of the eggs remains attached until absorbed.

This furnishes food for the first week or ten days, but they will develop faster if infusoria

is

present.

From

they must be liberally fed.

this

time on

The growth

and shape depends materially upon the food, both as to kind and quality, and it is

truly

amazing the amount they can eat.

Daphne and Cyclops, strained

Tiny through a fine-mesh wire cloth sieve, should follow the infusoria, and plenty of them.

It

is

well to have a storage tank for

Daphne Sieve

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;larval dragonflies, water boatmen, tigers â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and their chance introduction into the rearing tank will sults.

The

have sad

re-

culturist should be constantly

on the lookout for them.

When

live

food cannot be obtained, use

the yolk of an tgg, boiled

minutes, placing

it

for twenty

bag of musthrough the water.

in a little

and drawing it dust from finely ground Chinese shrimp may also be used. This can be obtained by shaking a portion of the malin,

The

^aquatic JLitt

94

and wiping

in a tumbler,

terial

off

and

using the fine particles that adhere to the

As

sides.

they grow, finely ground fish

food or puppy biscuit may be sprinkled on the water from a pepper shaker, or Tender forced through cheesecloth. earthworms may be chopped fine and

ground with sand, using a piece of hard wood as a pestle. The ground worms can be separated from the sand by pouring them in water from one glass to another. Being lighter than sand, the worm

TKankless Occupations:

will

DJ)

remain suspended

in

the

addition

to

foods,

live

babies

the

should be fed strained, cooked oatmeal,

which may be added,

disposed of

all

raise a

few good

as

attention given

Far better

the most promising.

to

and other

single-tails

should be

soon as detected, and

to

than a quantity of

fish

mediocre ones.

Gill trouble

(inflammation of the

gills)

is

the most dreaded disease of fry.

is

well to take

usual water,

and

causes

pains to avoid

all

are

too

or

cold

overcrowding,

Tank

Aquarium

It

The

it.

impure

improper feeding

direct drafts of cold air.

Frederick R. VVeDber, Chicago

water, while the sand sinks to the bottom.

In

cripples,

Fred Orsinger Sho^Oing the Da\Og-gone Big

Original cartoon

particles

Freaks,

undesirables

to a

Bunch

One

fan-

of Boobs

Society

cier lost several

thousand fry by opening

the

in

ventilators

warm May

his

conservatory on

days, the air blowing directly

He

on his tanks.

resourcefully

made

desired, a small

frames of wood, covered with muslin,

portion of shrimp or shredded codfish.

and screened his tanks with them. He had no further trouble. In rearing goldfish

to

if

This food should be placed

in

a

soup

uish on the bottom of the tank, which

serves

to

keep

it

from

scattering,

the

unconsumed portion being removed before

it

fresh being substi-

has soured,

the greatest loss occurs during the six weeks, but with care

goodly number

faster

Next month

sorted

than

others,

frequently,

so else

monopolize the food.

weeks form and color

they the

At

reach

this

age

a in

health and vigor.

tuted.

With proper feeding and plenty of room the fry will grow apace, some

will

first

and attention

I

will discuss the rearing

of fish that have advanced beyond the stage of fry.

should be larger

When

will

the age of six

will be apparent.

a

a man sneers at success as being matter of luck, you can generally set

him down

as a failure.

smmtit mtt

95

The Essex

Breeding the Bitterling Last year

imported a number of Bit-

I

During October they

from Asia.

terlings

showed

spawning.

signs of

once

at

I

placed some mussels in the tank, and three days later the fish deposited their

Unfortunately the mus-

eggs in them. sels

died before the eggs hatched, but this

experience

brief

at

least

demonstrates

that the species will accept an

A

Aquatic LifE asks

reader of

number of

curate answer species

among

A

scribed.

all

Cott, acting as interlocutor, kept

which contributed much cussion a success.

to

Many

make

ideas

ac-

the dis-

were exto their

fROn SUFPtr COLO WATER,

classes of animals are

recognized

general

figures, places the

Van

A.

the conversation in well defined channels,

new

impossible because

being

continually

for

An

species of fishes. is

At the regular meeting of the Essex County Aquarium Society, February 15th, an informal talk on breeding the goldfish was given by Dr. Bachmann, Rev. Coltarti and Mr. Hedden. Mr. H.

changed and every one added store of knowledge.

R. Borden.

mollusc.

the

American

Society

estimate,

number

of

and deround

in

known

ani-

mals as given in the appended list. It afifords an interesting comparison of the relative abundance of the groups.

Mammals

rALSE BO'lTOI-l

7,000

Birds

20,000

Reptiles

5-500

Batrachians

1,800

Among

new

the

Mr. Hedden

ideas,

Fishes

12,000

suggested the use of frayed

Mollusks

60,000

properly sterilized, to catch the spawn,

Insects

400,000

Arachnida

5,ooo

Crustaceans

8,000

Tunicates

Annelid

300

Worms

4,000

Rotifers

350

Echinoderms Thread-worms

1,700

Coelenterata

4.300

Porifera

2,500

Protozoa

10,000

is

man knows

his

own

imperfec-

just about as perfect as

possible for a

man

usual plants or willow

the

simple and efficient device for

raising the temperature of water,

when

a

continuous flow from the city mains to the

aquaria

has

desired,

is

evolved by Mr. Hedden, and herewith.

4,500

a

A

rope,

The

container

is

is

been

also

illustrated

a small gar-

1,600

Molluscoidea

When

roots.

of

3.000

Flat- worms

tions he

instead

sisal

to be.

it

is

bage can, partitioned to cause the water to flow over the heated bottom, this

and

other details are indicated in the sketch.

The

cost of operation

On March

is

said to be low.

Mr. Van Cott will give an interesting lecture on the lower organisms. All are welcome, and a good attendance

is

15th,

expected.

The following ed for the year

:

officers

have been

President,

Max

G.

elect-

Ham-

J^quatic Hitt

96

international monthly magazine devoted to the study, care and breeding of native, exotic, gold and domesticated fishes, other animals and plants in the home aquarium

An

and terrarium.

POYSER JOSEPH E. BAUSMAN W.

Editor Publisher

A.

Professional Class (scaleless fish) Blue and red ribbons, Charles Hinkel;

:

:aquatfc 3Ltfe

Gus Armbruster.

yellozv,

Professional Class (scaled fish) Blue ribbon, M. Moylan; red, Gus Armbruster; yellow, Robert Corriston.

C. C. A^owiNKEL, Secretary. :

—

542 E. Girard Avenue, Philadelphia.

Entered as second-class matter, September 1915, at the Post Office, Philadelphia, Pa., under Act of March 3, 1879.

Practical articles and notes on topics pertaining to the aquarium and terrarium are always wanted for Aquatic Life. Readers of the magazine are invited to join in making it a medium of mutual help, and to contribute to it any ideas that may occur to them. The pages are always open for anyone who has anything helpful and practical Manuscripts, books for review and to say. general correspondence should be addressed 2,

At

the January meeting of

The Ken-

sington Goldfish Society cut-out or rib-

were shown in competiawards being made as follows Scaled Japs: Blue ribbon, A. Miller;

bon-tail goldfish tion,

Joseph Tyler; white, J. M. Wacker.

Scaleless Japs Blue ribbon, L. W. Rehbein red, Joseph Tyler; zvhite, L. W.

red,

:

;

Rehbein.

to the editor.

Scaled Telescopes Blue ribbon, H. red, Gus. Armbruster zvhite, :

Aquatic Life has the largest circulation of any magazine in the world devoted to this branch of nature-study. It presents to advertisers a market that can be reached Rates made through no other medium. known on application. $1.00 Yearly Subscription 1.35 Foreign Subscriptions

Copy Payments may be made by money

10

Single

order, Foreign remitdraft or registered letter. tances should be by international money If local checks are sent, ten cents order. should be added for collection charges.

vSomerset

;

;

Gus. Armbruster.

Scaleless Telescopes: Blue ribbon, W. Rehbein red, H. Somerset zvhite, William Berry.

L.

;

;

The Society meets on the fourth Wednesday of each month in Tyler's Hall, 2824 Kensington avenue. Everybody welcome. Charles Harris, Secretarv.

Copyiisht 1918 by Joseph E. Bausman

Vol.

March 1918

Ill

Tappan has another

No. 7

merschlag; Coltarti;

Vice-president,

Rev.

B.

J.

H. I. Hartshorn; William Bachman.

Secretary,

Dr.

Treasurer,

Charles M. Breder.

why

Japs, Japs,

and

still

—

Jr-

more

Japs, scaled

scaleless, held forth their beauties at

West Philadelphia Goldfish Association. Harry P. Peters and George E. Wilt, judges, made the February meeting of the

a vards as

:

Blue ribbon

less blue calico, entered

Clarke.

Mother "Johnny, you said you'd beer Sunday school. Now I want to know

how

it

fish ?"

happens that your hands smell of

—

Johnny "I carried home the Sunday school paper, an' the outside page is all about Jonah and the whale."

f ollow^s

Novice; Class

W.

Later they will cost more, so not write about them now? Males,

$10; females, $5.

to

and

fine litter of collie

puppies.

to a scale-

by Dr. Thomas

Having produced

a shallow brain,

Na-

ture usually tries to even things up by

supplementing

it

with a fluent tongue.

3C:^000<

>000000(

)CXXDCZSOOO

SCRIMSHAW

S. A.

Aquarist and Breeder of Tropical Fishes

A

of fancy fishes, aquaria

full line

plants, foods,

on hand.

We

are

market

the

in

What have you

and supplies always

Visitors always

to sell?

welcome

for fishes and supplies

Telephone, Superior 4415

1431 No. Clark

Chicago

Street,

Illinois

->nfw

oooczsoooc

GOLDFISH BUY FROM THE BREEDER

What

Twenty

you

will

Write

-

Acres of Ponds

six

for Wholesale Price List of Goldfish and Supplies

RERT

J.

PUTNAM, 490 Washington BUFFALO,

::of

St.,

N, Y.

HENRY

it

is

)rw-i,

Fancier

9

&

KISSEL, JR. Breeder of Tropical Fishes (Not

I

a dealer).

have good healthy stock

at

reasonable prices.

Call or 'phone, Cliffside 461.

241 Walker

What

Warm

will

you

weather

pull out of will

it

this

the fishes will busy themselves with offspring-

—more than

you

many

will need.

If

you would have the fishes help you bear the burden of the high cost of living, or, in other words, if you are not averse to an increased income this year, send for a copy of this interesting little brochure.

A. Wise, Aquarist. A postal to the publisher will be sufficient.

Do

it

HUGO

year?

soon be here, and

now

C.

Thirty-five species

all

to

month breeding Call after

.'i

— on

on Sundays.

1305 Third Avenue

details.

He

for

transportation,

once, giving prices

should

Price reasonable.

(76th Street Station, 3rd Avenue L)

Frederic Breeder and Dealer

City

KuKl in

All Kinds of

TROPICAL FISHES Phone, Bay Ridge

Prices reasonable.

Street, Brooklyn,

\m*Mm

104.

N. Y.

Those breeders having young fish 6 weeks old give the credit to MAGIC, they being raised on MAGIC (Infusoria) send for circular.

Price 25c box, by mail 28c.

YOGI Fish Food lOc at all dealers and druggists or by Pound 14 boxes 60c. add postage.

ROBERT J. SCHAEFFERi

Robert

J.

Schaeffer

1818 Frankford Avenue

Bell

Phila.,

Pa

Phone

and other

Advert.

that won't be counseled can't be

helped.

hand.

New York

street,

arrange

Will Please You spawning and

through the week, any time

P. M.,

or part of the order, and in a position

write at

He

— live bearing,

Messrs. L. Cura

Warner

NELLES

For Tropical Fishes.

205 71st

& Sons, Bath Court, London, E. C, England, are in the market for 50 extra large bull frogs, 200 to 500 assorted fancy goldfish and 200 four-horned snails {AinpuUaria gigas).

American aquarians able to fill

Street, Cliffside, N. J.

Broadtails

& Tropicals

GEO. W. PRICE,

2145

S. Eui^

Philadelphia

Street

ZXDOOOOOODOOOOCXOi

OOOCXXIOOOOOOOCX3C

"AQUARIA FISH" A

practical

fish

in

tlie

Goldfisn

work on care and breeding of aauarium. greenhouse and out-

Blue, Black

Finely illustrated. door ponds.

Every one interested in keeping- fish should send for a copy of this book. Price. $1.00. postpaid.

Guinea

Vari-Hued Calicos

PRICE LISTS ON BREEDERS, SPAWN AND YOUNG SENT ON REQUEST

Three boxes,

Tapuan's Natural Fish Food.

&

25c.

Pisrs

and Thoroughbred Collie Pups.

Write for prices.

beautifully marked.

F. L. Route

2,

GEORGE

§

TAPPAN

H

Hopkins, Minn.

n

29 Claremount

Place,

Wew

—)ooocx»oooooooocc:

one

-inoni

The

Made

in

tnrmnnrH

ii-K-mt

Peerless

SCHEKIK

A.

§

Mount Vernon

g

York

n

DCX30000000000000(

—mo

tr>nnr

Aquarium

Patented

November

9,

10

1915

For Sale

Different

All

Stock Sizes

Thru

U. S. A.

and

Canada

HALTERBECK

Manufactured by J. J. 170 172 TWELFTH AVENUE,

ASTORIA,

-

3c=50oocrDoooc

I.

Box

X.

L. FisK

W.

Food

Red

15c, 2 Boxes 25c

Snails

h^ Mail

EDWARD

SCHMID

Emporiiun of Pets All

Kinds of Goldfishes and Aquatic Plants Water Lilies

712 Twelfth

Street, N.

Taxidermy

for Catalog

innni

5

varieties

blade

Retail only.

Red

Snails. $1.00 per Do::en.

HENRI WAGNER, 1909

North Capitol Washington, D. C.

DRIED SHRIMP (The

Utility Fishfood)

Ground fine, $1.00. coarse 75c.

St. George's Natural Fish Food, $1.00 per lb.

Sample can, 15c. Aquarium Cement, 50c lb.

Add postage to your zone, Per

lb.,

2139

West Van Buren

CANADIAN BIRD STORE

W., Washington, D. C.

Send

—mH

rjoooc

Large Collection for 15 Gallon Aquarium for $1.00 Postpaid

Philadelphia, Pa.

S.

\. Y,

AQUARIUM PLANTS

J.

1309 N. 55th Street,

I,,

12 varieties floating plants, grasses, 1,5 other varieties.

WALP

E.

L.

3ococrz)00oc:::r)coooci0(:rz)ocioczr3oc)ocr3oc)0 (

CO., Inc.

Street.

Chicago,

III.

300CH

8°^

€:H

)OOOC

SPAWN

^tuDp Eeuieto

jfQatutc

OFFICIAL JOURNAL

From

AMERICAN NATURE-STUDY

Prize Winning Stock

Japanese Fringetails,

SOCIETY

per doz.

50c.

per 100.

15c.

Blue Shubunkins,

3000C

Bond

Liberty per lOO.

Japanese

for Canadian Postage 10 cents.

Foreign Postage. 20 cents.

With Aquatic Life, one year, $1.50.

30CXDC

$5.00

f

$10.00

per doz.;

50c.

per

$2.00

100.

Add

N.

per doz.;

$2.00

$2.00

;

doz.;

per 100.

per copy.

ITHACA.

per

.$1.00

Hooded Or andas,

elementary

suggestions for school gardening, agriculture and nature-study.

Telescopes,

Veiltail per 100.

The numbers for the coming school year will be filled with special articles from practical teacliers dealing with actual works, methods and

$1.00 per year.

)OOOC

30CO(

Lion

Japanese

Heads,

$5.00

Meteor

Fish,

$2.00

per

doz.;

$2.00

per

doz.;

per

doz.;

per 100.

$10.00

Blue Veiltail per

$10.00 All

3000

per doz.;

$1.00

per 100.

$10.00

Y.

Fish,

Telescopes,

$2.00

100.

Eggs guaranteed

fertile.

Send your orders at once with money enclosed.

SEA HORSES AND SEA ANEMONES Full

of

water

DONKER

227 West 83rd NEW YORK CITY, N. Y. ::

Wyoming Avenue,

Street

—

Vy

THE TERMINAL PET SHOP

Fine

-

Prices Reasonable

The

ideal live fish food which can be raised indoors all year round. Portion 50c (cash or money order) with instruction how to breed them.

E.

JENNE

1577 Paterson Plank Road, Secaucus, N.

tTe

AQUARIUM

s'o^^S-?

&

"Goldfish Varieties Tropical Aquarium Fishes", byWm.T.Innes, former President of the Aquarium Society of Phila.; 250 pages, 195

is

Tells all about the fancy varieties of the Goldfish and nearly 300 tropicals ; how to breed them, etc., etc. For the beginner or the advanced expert.

A

complete, practical, handsome book, sent postpaid anywfhere for $3.00. Enlarged edition now ready.

J.

& SONS

-

133 N. 12th

St.

-

Phila., Pa,

Finest Blue and Calico BroadTelescopes in Philadelphia

Otto Walt er

tail

:: Brooklyn, N. Y, Avenue L Station

Street

NJear Central

Street

THE BEST BOOK

INNES

86 Su>)dam

62ncl

illustrations.

(White Worms)

CHARLES

Telescopes

1519 N. PHILADELPHIA

SroaD tail '^cle0cope0 BLACKS CALICOS BLUES 4324 WYALUSING AVENUE, PHILADELPHIA

J

innoi

GEORGE WILT.

WALTER BELL

ENCHYTRAE

Broad-tail

New York

of

Street, Phila., Pa. innni

and CALICO Correspondence Solicited

Kinds of Cat and Dog Foods and Medicines

HUDSON TERMINAL BUILDING

Breeder

in

BLACK

Manufacturing and Maintenance of Aquariums a Specialty

Concourse,

& C

tnnni—

inncv

1(

PETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND KIND

All

and sturdiest stock

FRANKLIN BARRETT

(•are.

R.

finest

Winners of 35 Silver Cups, Gold Medal, Silver Medals and hundreds of Ribbons.

given for

instructions

have the

the country.

MARINE

and other assorted specimens for AQUARIlTjis. Persistent change not necessar.v.

We

Correspondence Ansxvered C. J.

Breeder and Importer of

HANNIG, 1225

N. Randolph Street PHILADELPHIA

TROPICAL & GOLDFISHES Telescopes

Calicos

Japs

AQUARIA, UTENSILS

AMD

Charles E. Visel

Fan-tails

Dealer in All Varieties of Aquatic Plants All Kinds of Fish Foods Fresh and Dried Daphnia

Broad-tail Telescopes

and Japs

Blacks, Blues and Parti-colors

SUPPLIES 215

Putnam Avenue, Brooklyn,

N. Y.

-II

vm

mnrn

—^mn.

mnrv

iOOO(

KXXX

)OCX3<

)0(XH

K

)i

HARRY

P.

1210 N. Warnock

Street, Philadelphia,

GOLDFISH BREEDERS

PETERS Pa

BREEDER AND IMPORTER Rare and Fancy Fish Plants

FLORISTS

every variety,

of

Aquarium Supplies

of

all

and

Snails

kinds at

all

times.

MANUFACTURER OF

58th and Walnut Streets

110

South 52nd

Green River Fish Food

Street

15c Box

Green River Baby Fish Food

Philadelphia

20c Box

Aquarium Fishes

GOOD

A

is one of the necessary to keep fish in good health. After the test of years Green River stands out It as the best food on the market.

9 keeps the fish in good color by proIt n moting a healthy, robust growth.

9 will not sour ot cloud the water. Ask Lyour dealer or send for it today

most

All Kinds of Aquatic Plants

&

Aquaria

Supplies

Wholesale and Retail

FOOD

FISH

things

essential

—

Doocx

— —xxocnaoooc—

>oooc:zo(Xio<

w

icxx)i

3000000000I

oooooocooc

HERMAN RABENAU,

Aquarist

Breed reeaers

PERMANENT DISPLAY OF must be seen

Largest Assortment of Splendid Blues,

& Terraria

Aquatic Life

Blacks and Calico Telescopes and Japs

to be appreciated

Visitors

at

Welcome

Pine Assortment of Lionheads

Plants and Tropical Fish a Specialty Importations of

Reasonable Prices.

Snipping Cans 50c

New

Varieties received

HARRY

regularly 1163

3I.vrtle

Near Broadway.

PETERS, Street,

Philadelphia, Pa. ii-irw-inrM

^nrTTu

P.

Warnock

1210 North

Avenue. Brooklyn, N. Y.

innni

innnnnt~inni~,r

u

0(X)0OO0CX3C:Z>O0O0OO0O00OCC

inrmr-

DOOOOOCOOO

Nippon Goldfish Co

GOLDFISH, FOODS, PLANTS, DIP NETS Combination Natural Fish Food

•

Sample Box 10c

Imported Shrimp Fish Food

-

-

Sample Can 15c

§

Imported Wafer Fish Food

Large Sample Box 10c

s

Importers

I

JAPANESE GOLDFISH

Mtn'l Orders Promptly Attended to

Orders Amounting$2 Delivered Postpaid Special Prices on Quantity Lots.

Casli With Order.

Catalogue

Sent

Upon Request.

AQUARIUM STOCK CO 150 Chambers Street i<

tf-inn<

K-mnr

::

New York

City

1749 Buchanan Street, San Francisco, Cal

and

Dealers

:

Direct From Breeders in Japan

g g Q

Pacific

Q

Cisco. 1915.

\

:

Silver Medals. PanamaInternational Exposition, San Fran-

Awarded Gold and

ALL KINDS OF AQUARIA AND SUPPLIES

L

Pries Lists Furnished Trade Only.

—

oooooooocxrr>cx3ocxx>ooooc)0(

§ H X \ fj

)00oooooooc:3o8