The Aquarium 1/5 1912

DIVISION OF FISHES U.

TEN CENTS

PRICE,

Si

THE FlSl4

^'10, / /

m

VQUARIUM ISSUED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE STUDY, CARE AND BREEDING OF AQUATIC LIFE

"^^^

KynMrn

JAPANESE LION-HEAD GOLDFISH Photograph by

Wm.

T.

OCTOBER

Innes, Jr.

1912

PUBLISHED AT PHILADELPHIA, PA.

BY THE AQUARIUM SOCIETIES CITIES OF f==]|

^^OFTHE

Vol.1

NEW YORK ft

CHICAGO

:

:

BROOKLYN

PHILADELPHIA

No. 5

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'

The NATURE SHOP.

INC,

NEW YORK

CITY

579

W.

181sT ST.,

SUBWAY

BLDG.,

Breeders

Importers

Dealers

Animals, Birds, Fish, Foods ÂŁ5^ Supplies Finest Collection of Fancy Fish on Exhibition in

America

Visitors welcome at all times

We

offer the following varieties of fish for sale, all in fine condition:

Anabas scandens

Girardinus reticulatus

Barbus conchonius

Haplochilus chaperi

Poecilia species

Barbus semi-fasceolatus

Haplochilus panchax

Polycentrus shomburgkii

Poecilia poecilioides

Badis badis

Haplochilus rubrostigma

Betta rubra

Haplochilus sexfasciatus

Polyacanthus dayi Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculata

Betta splendens

Callichthys callichthys

Heros facetus Macropodus viridi-auratus

Trichogaster fasciatus

Callichthys marmoratus Cichlasoma nigrotasciatum

Mollienesia latipinna

Trichogaster

Ophiocephalus

Danio rerio Danio malabaricus Gambusia aftinis Gambusia caudimaculata Gambusia holbrooki Gambusia nicaraguensis Geophagus gymnogenesis

\7t7E

Rivulus flabellicauda

lalius

Paratilapia multicolor

Tetrogonopterus lineatus Tetrogonopterus guppyi

Paratilapia species

Tetrogonopterus rubilus

Pantodon buchholzi

Tetrogonopterus ulreyi Xiphophorus brevis

striatus

Platvpoecilia maculata

Xiphophorus helleri Xiphophorus rachowi

Platypoecilia niger Platypoecilia rubra Platypoecilia species

are constantly getting in

new

varieties offish, so if there are

any species that you want, let us know, and we will quote prices.

We always have on hand a nice collection of common and rare Gold Fish at prices that are right; also aquarium plants, snails, tadpoles, etc.

If^e

manufacture the ^'-NoXah. Brand^' Fish Food

REGULAR, the

same

SPECIAL,

for

Gold

Fish; something better than the rest, but at

price, lo cents per tin.

for all varieties

of Fancv Fish; (the one food that

for

the

is sci-

compounded) containing the ingredients so necessary the rapid and healthv development of the young fish and for keeping of the older ones in perfect condition; comes in

entifically

four sizes.

^ vnm^-vrmpvm^-^X

'

i't^-

'^^

15 cents per bottle.

WILLTATvI IVIACK

THE

Terminal Pet Shop H

Importers, Breeders and Dealers in

Japanese Goldfish and Tropical Fish Fish foods, plants and aquaria

< D <

Pets of every description

Birds, seeds and cages

Food

Burnett's Japanese Fish Booth No.

i8

Concourse

HUDSON TERMINAL BUILDING NEW YORK I02

West

io6th Street,

New

York City

Prices cheerfully furnished for special sized aquariums

AQUARIA

Telescopes

SUPPLIES

Scaled and

of the highest grade.

scaleless in brilliant colors

and with

development of

and body

fine

KAEMPFER'S BIRD STORE

A few

choice ones for sale

114

Glenside,

Pa

"ENUF SAID"

VAHLE, 315 N.Madison St., Chicago wholesale and BIRDS and ANIiVIALS

E. C.

Retail Dealer in

Write

Herman

ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC BIRD STORE 507

W.

Vladison Street, Chicago,

111.

is

TTELP ""^

-'-

of

along

''''The

the

work

Aquarium'' by

subscribing for a friend.

F. L.

TAPPAN

Dealer and Breeder of Rare and

FANCY FISH Chanchitos, Gambusia, Paradise Fish and Goldfish Send

$1.00

A

FISH. of"

92

fish in

for

my new

practical

book,

work on

T. Wolf's work

"Goldfish Breeds and Other Aquarium Fishes"

Singing Canaries and Song Birds

are Specialists.

for Price List

Aquarium Book

PARROTS, MONKEYS AND PET STOCK We

N. State Street

CHICAGO, ILL.

COLES,

A. T.

fins

Birds, Cages, Seeds, Etc.

AQUARIA

care and breeding

the aquarium.

SEVENTH STREET, SOUTH MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

the standard authority.

Tells

all

about breeding

way on all aquarium and terrarium subjects.

240 beautiful illustrations. Price, postage prepaid by us, $3.00 fancy goldfish and treats in a practical

INNES & SONS Twelfth Street, Corner Cherry, Philadelphia, Pa.

WHOLESALE

RETAIL

Large Importation Expect over

2000 of

other varieties of

Also

a

fish

the rarest

tropica]

and

by the end of October.

shipment of 1000 of the

finest

singing

canaries.

Place your orders

in

time

HERMAN RABENAU NOTICE 1

h.ivp just

removed

to

new

quarters at

1163 Myrtle Avenue, near Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y.

FRANKLIN BARRETT 4815

D

Street, Olney, Philadelphia, Pa.

Largest Greenhouses in the World Devoted to the Breeding of Fancy, Chinese and Japanese Goldfish and

Propagation

of

Aquarium

Plants

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL

PLANTS

FISHES

CABOMBA MYRIOPHYLLUM

COMMON SCALED

ANACHARIS SAGITTARIA LUDWIGIA VALLISNERIA

SCALELESS

COMET FANTAIL FRINGETAIL

HORNWORT POTAMOGETON SNOW FLAKE WATER POPPY WATER HYACINTH

TELESCOPES CELESTIALS LION'S HEADS SHUBUNKINS

SALVINIA

PARADISE GOLDEN-ORFES

WATER FERN

GOLDEN-TENCH

WATER LETTUCE

LACE LEAF

GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS STICKLE-BACKS

UMBRELLA PALMS CYPERUS PAPYRUS CYPERUS

SNAILS

ALTERNIFOLIUS GRACILIS LAXUS FOLVA

COMMON RAM'S HORN

VARIEGATED BOSTON FERNS

POTOMAC AFRICAN JAPANESE

Drawing by H. T.

WOLF

PTERIS FERNS

WATER

LILIES

Submerged and Semi-Submerged Plants FOR PONDS ON ESTATES

"SUPERIOR" AQUARIUMS

Manufacturer of the Celebrated Rustless corner pieces.

Marbleized

Made

bottoms.

slate

in

galvanized sheet iron, wrought iron

and brass nickel plated.

"AMERJAP" FISH FOOD

Manufacturer of the Celebrated Made from

the purest of materials.

For

fish only.

aquarium pure and sweet and does not injure the plants

Once

tried,

in

Keeps your

good condition, keeps your Eaten by the fish with avidity.

fish in

the aquarium.

always used.

carry the finest line of aquarium ornaments in the country. No rough, sharp edges to injure and the fish, but every ornament glazed with a smooth and beautiful finish, and in harmonious colors,

We maim

creating an artistic effect in the aquarium.

Globes, Nets, Pebbles, Sand, Foods, Etc. Everything Pertaining to the Aquarium and Pond Send

for Price Lists

H !

Q

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

"

The Aquarium Volume

OCTOBER,

I

Aquarium Management

Practical

WM.T. INNES,

THERE

The proper one question which the begin-

is

"Hoav often should

aquarist

Light

As the

Fall

the time of the

is

many

a great

we

when

ear

up very

shall take

The

than

under unusual This answer

is

with

start

The

already referred to.

the

aiisiver

circumstances,

to do their part

Except

not

at

light

all.

to

make up

needs

only

"burned"

is

for evaporation, while a

as it

may

simple

that

it

surprising

is

to

general public ignorant of them. fact

is

that what

the

fish

are

this

find

The

is

is

Some

so

minutive variety and Sagittaria (see

big

tions).

exhale (carbon

most

The

satisfactory

looks shabby.

iana)

as a "balanced

The

five

years,

while

the

editor

by

sold

It

the conditions

carolin-

dealers

is

not

breaks up easily and unare

just right

Readers desiring

rium plants may obtain

writer

it

soon

fuller in-

it

by writing to our

letter-box department.

has an aquarium which has not been drained for

frequently

formation regarding other varieties of aqua-

capable of remaining un-

disturbed for years at a time.

illustra-

two are probably the of all aquarium plants.

latter

The Washington Grass {Cabomba

This arrange-

known

the Italian or di-

the

less

is

more

Three of the best are giant Ana-

charis, Vallisneria spiralis,

of the breathing of the

is

hour or two a

beneficial, but

plants are better oxygenators than

have enough plants to consume the products

aquarium" and

An

is

apt to turn the water green by the

recommended.

ment produces what

or other diffused light

rapid growth of minute algae.

is

fish.

have

They

not recommended, particularly

what plants need and that what plants exhale (oxygen) is what fish need.

The answer in a general way, then, is to dioxide)

has

exposed to too much direct sun-

generally successful.

others.

governing

if

than this

be desirable (but not necessary) from one

principles

nor too much.

day of direct sunlight

to three years apart.

The

of the work must

little

A strong north

light.

water

general house-cleaning and re-planting

too

fish

the plants in order

of light, but most aquarium plants will be

wonderment and a demand to know how in this way one may avoid having the water become stagnant and illsmelling.

As a matter of fact, a properlyatpiarium

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;not

and

plants Init

only give off the oxygen under the influence

sure to bring forth expressions

of surprise and

conditioned

between

already been stated,

question :

fish

general principle regarding the benefits

exchanged

the beginner should know, and Ave cannot

do better

of

Feeding Temperature.

and individuals

institutions

an aquarium,

j

Number

simply and plainly at this time those things

added

con-

five

Plants

water ?

start

conditions for an aquarium

siderations as follows:

change the

I

Both aquaria

naturally grouj) themselves into

asks of the experienced

always

ner

disturbed for nineteen years.

5

are in excellent condition.

Philadelphia, Pa.

Jr.,

Number

1912

There cannot be too many jjlants as long have room to swim. The surplus

of this

as the fish

magazine has one which has remained un-

oxygen they form goes 39

off in

bubbles.

.

.

Plant in washed course sand or s^nid and

Do

{jravL'l.

use fine ocean sand.

not

them

plants have roots, spread

one to two inches

is

a week.

The most

Nearly

tor the

all

The next important subject of fish which may be placed in beginner

insists

the number

The

the aquarium.

G5

on overcrowding- and only

to

the

to

.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; one

inch

will to

of' ^fish

is

say,

a five-gallon

the gallon

down

artificial

Higher than 80

is

is

also

a very

aquarimn

of water.

That

tail.

will

maintain either one Tj-inch or or ten

from

is

life

be well to remember

not counting the

This

is

insects, egg,

the freezing point, but under

dangerous.

used, but there

is

the white wafer.

They can maintain

there can be no satisfactory rule as to the

it

once

this,

best temperature for goldfish

to 70

to be avoided.

fish

is

composed of dried

by repeated failures. ;\s a large fish consumes more oxygen than a small one.

good rule which

below

conditions necessary in an aquarium this

learns

number of

If

generally used food

and farinaceous substances.

contrary, the

of advice

spite

is

sufficient.

dealers sell a better food in gran-

ular form,

sand

In

other daj'

the least desirable. This

I'rom

well.

deep enoufih

is

It"

is

to

properly

fivi"

1-inch

the gallon cajjacity

of an

.'-^-inch fish.

To

calculate

aquarium, multii)ly the dejjth. length and

width of the water measurement

and divide the

in

inches

'I'he

curved

total by 'lo\

Avoid globes where

possible.

sides act as lenses to focus the light in the If globes must be used, fish. more than two thirds full. This

eyes of the

do not

fill

more

gives

when they

the water than

surface to

air

The

are filled to the top.

larger

the better.

This apjdies to

any aquarium. Therefore a

liroad, flat shai)e

the

is

air surface,

better than a deep, narrow one.

undoubtedly do better

in

Fish

rectangular-shaped

aquaria than in globes and they can be seen to

much

better advantage.

For goldfish an aquarium of gallons capacity

10-gallon size

is

is

than

five

not very satisfactory.

A

a good one

With many of the introduced

it

aquaria, even

Many That in

is

is

to start with.

tropical fish

now

being-

possible to use very small

down

persons

less

to quart jars.

kill their

fish

by kindness.

to say, they over- feed them.

Fish

the confinement of an aquarium should

not be fed more than will be entirely con-

sumed

in a

few minutes.

In moderate and

warm weather they may be fed once daily.

If the

water

is

cool (50° to

60°F), every

SAGlTTARIA-fiom

lluirs "Goldfish Brctdi-

40

4

(juickh' into the atpiarium, hold

down

the pinched end

as far as

below the aquarium and

possilile

then open the tube into a able receptacle.

run out as long as the ])()uit

is

suck

will raindlj'

it

taken not to draw

through

portion

into the aquarium.

water

snails.

used, see that

is

same temperature portant.

right.

This

old.

changes

If

of nearly the

is

it

the

new new

better than

is

as the

iolent

\

is

filter

muslin back

fine

This

the aquarium

if

water

and

somewhat and

water settle

clearer

(are must

up.

it

in small fish

time can be taken, let the drawn-

If the off

the end of the

the water around where the dirt

in

and

lie

lower than the sur-

Move

face of the water.

is

will

lowest

of the discharging end of

the tube

tu])e

suit-

water

'J'he

is

im-

temperature

in

known At the

l)roduce contagious diseases

as "white

fungus" and

first

"tail rot."

sign

of a whitish coating on the fish or a general splitting of the

fins, sejjarate

from the

it

others and place in salt water until improve-

ANACHARISâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; Fr.rn

A

II

yr^

Goldfish Breeds

â&#x20AC;˘'

ment

enough

with about half a dozen water snails such as dealers

They

sell.

will

keep down the

overlooked.

which the

fish

The

may have

writer does not

believed that sea water, properly di-

ing

A

keep the water used unless one serve whether sition is rapid

Once

but

is

a

should

On

desirable

not

it is

alive.

and very

in a while,

do

them

con-

fish

even

in a

properly

weather is

is

it

if

they

a sure

wrong.

It

sign

may be from

too high a temperature, too few plants, de-

off

composition

of

snails,

food, but in

all

mussels cases

it is

Whatever the cause,

found and remedied quickly.

the tube with water, ;

of

an

crowding.

end

Some

in

one-half inch diameter and about three to

tightly pinch one

cook-

it

sumed

Fill

clear

this in

with a rubber tube of from one-quarter to

four feet long.

salt.

cloudy days

that something

offensive.

aquarium becomes unsightly, siphon

common

effective than

not use advertised brands of

face of the water to breathe, but

Their decompo-

when the sediment

Do

conditioned aquarium will come to the sur-

be

willing to frequently ob-

is

more

tain chemicals injurious to fish.

mussel helps to

and

clear

aquarium inhabitant,

is

salt.

non-caking table

ones

treatment

which are generally run

up too much. The should be watched and any dead

promptly taken out,

this

external signs of disease.

It is

snails

Feed

daily.

beneficial to fish

luted,

stirred

Sometimes

the taste.

to

changed

down but show no

is

care for them, as they keep the water and

sand

to be just noticeable

very sparingly.

For the latter pui'jwse, some

aquarists use tadpoles.

This may take from one The water should lie salt

Salt water should be

green growth on the glass and also consume particles of food

distinct.

is

day to a week.

10-gallon aquarium should be provided

put the other end

to 41

do

so

is

to invite disaster.

or

uncon-

from overit

To

must be neglect

;

THE AQUARIUM Issued

The Aquarium .lOIlN

THE

the Interests of the Study,

i?i

Care and Breeding of Aquatic Life

American Museum

by th- Aquarium Societies of Brooklyn, Chicago, New York and Philadelphia

York,

all

manuscripts, exchanges, books for

Editor-in-Chief,

Bank

Business

Manager,

W.

Subscriptions, $1

OCTOBER,

I

to

entirely

the issue of last

Mr.

Innes,

No.

Society local editor, upon

owing to the editor's

To devotees caused

last

the goldfish

of

the

that

regret

devolved

the

disability.

new

Some

things.

fishes doubtless find

they are new; others the

In

to the breeders' art,

it

sjjace

was limited by other forms, many of which are less adapted to aquarium culture, but most of us were glad to see

the whole work of getting out the magazine,

fan

allotted to these

Philadelphia

whom

The

visitors.

never lose their interest, familiar as they 5

month belongs

the

formed

were shown and

the

monument

of them, a

may have for

which

tails and grotesque telescope eyes of some

become.

CKEDir

inclusive.

doubtless the finest

goldfish

fine

much admired by

:;

1912

13th,

to is

different breeds of goldfish

yet some

Single Copies, ioc

Advertising Rates upon Application

::

The

DeVOE

F.

Oth

constituted what

a comparatively small part of the collection,

Hoboken, N.J.

383, Baldwin, Long Island, N. Y.

Box

New

of Natural History,

has ever been on public view in America.

EUGENK SMITH

for Savings Building,

October

the

place in

collection of living fresh-water fishes

review, etc., direct to the Editor-in-chief; all other matter to the Business Manager

Vol.

Society took

Published monthly except July and August at I 2th Street, cor. of Cherry, Philadelphia,

Send

New York

annual exhibit of the

Acjuarium

It

1

Exhibit

TKK.XDWKLL NICHOLS

number the names of the

of these less familiar

favor simply because are

veritable living

jewels whose i)opularity must increase with

Mr. Nichols' article were somewhat misplaced. They should have fishes illustrating

familiarity.

The

])aradise fish

with gaudy,

have now Ijecome so plentiful The aquaria as to scarce merit mention.

streaming

fins

been as follows: Upper, Fundulua goodei ; lower, Jordan-

in

center, Girardinus formosus

beautiful Indian fishes of the genus Tricho-

elld Jiorida'.

gaster with iridescent yellow, red, and blue colors,

Mr. Francis S. Curtis, a member of the New York Society and once its secretary, is

working diligently to form a society

San Francisco, where he now

who

whose address

of that faraway land.

our

admiration as

is

water

Church Street, San Francisco, Cal. A society at this gateway to Asia would mean

of

the

attractive fish

come

to us from

Japan

via

An this

they

float

aquarium.

New York

as the smaller,

while

327

living

There were altogether

page.

tion of the awards

will

be made

Menin

species

the

no

still

more

comes from the continent of

attractive, but

much

more brightly-colored

favor reriv,

Danio analipunctatus is a veritable gem.

The fighting-fish Betta were among the

Society will be found on

entries, divided into eight classes.

in

But

this species will scarcely find as

account of the third annual exhibit

month's

The many

Danio malabaricus were very

that city.

of the

fins

visions

Asia than the trim, active, boldly-marked Danio reno. Some beautiful specimens of

to us, in view of the fact that the

finest goldfish

up

of iridescent silver and pearl Barbus comi)el

7(j()

much

ventral

of the mysterious, luxuriant tropical waters

are interested are invited to get in

touch with Mr. Curtis,

threadlike

so gracefully, call

in

All

resides.

and long

which they wave

most interesting shown. These fishes are for fighting by the Siamese, pitted

next

kept

issue.

42

build

They

one another like game-cocks.

ajjainst

mass

a nest, a

of

under which the eggs are

laid

the

and zealously

guarded until hatching by the male the

of

Numerous

eggs

carry the

were two

tive than

On

Several

of this

attention were of the

who

zoologists

and interesting

rare

it

more of a

oiF well.

than

curiosity

The

species

one

especially

There were many small

fish

eggs,

laying

fin in

Xiphophorus

is

Some

retinilatus

Elegantly

of

A

shown.

atti-active

interesting

Its

aquarium

like

room was an African lungfish, an eelform with two pairs of feelers like fins.

The marshes where they

gleam-

The

encased in the hard, dried air.

from the females.

dry up at

live

certam times of year, and

and often quite

it

then becomes

mud

and breathes

The specimen was shipped

to

the

American Museum of Natural History, dry,

Several species of Riviilus, not distantly allied to the live-bearers,

black a very

fish.

males of most of these species are brighter different

it

In a large tank at the end of the exhibition

much admired.

in aquaria.

single specimen of Rasbora hcteromor-

marking, activity and beauty make

Gam-

busia liolbrooki, almost jet black with

marked

and two were interesting because

(Eleotris)

pha was

was one of the most beautiful of

ing Avhite eye, was

,

,

seldom seen

so

spotted Girardiuus

the live-bearers, and a splendid male

Tetragonoplerus- rubi-opicUix

especial interest for the naturalist,

much

attracted

front of the tail on the back to the

gobies

splendid males of

iridescent colors,

admiration.

resem-

catfish, Avith sui)erficial

catfish ( Callichthys) of which there were two or three specimens shown, had

this sjiecies, their elongated swordlike tails

flashing

unlike any fish from

armored

none other so beautiful as

helleri.

are quite

with red, and paragoniatus, with a black lengthwise stripe, were very attractive. An

of the family

alive instead

They

salmon.

shown from Southern America,

which bear their j^oung

as beautiful

blances in form and in the minute adipose

adapted to aquarium culture.

Poeciliidae

delicate kinds.

same regions are

minnows and

fish

treat to the

lying inactive near the surface of the water

and did not show

hardy, but less attrac-

northern regions, resembling somewhat both

They were generally

it.

fish are

the other hand, the genus Tetragonopte-

ing.

the exhibit to see

visited

living sj^ecimens of

was a

small

and graceful as they are rare and interest-

curious and beautiful butterfly fish, Pantodon.

were exhibited, and

chanchito,

from southern America

some of the more

rus from the

in

the African specimens which

the most

attracted

which

seldom seen

species

allied

aquaria, but

These

ing.

mouth, and there

the

in

mullicolor,

of

species fishes

resembling our sunfishes, were very interest-

tanks contained a pair of

mouth breeders. Para tilapi a

aisle.

fresh- water

fish.

Such a nest was started during the exhibition.

One

than a tank of elegans across

less beautiful

bubbles

floatin}>-

were interesting,

in a

lump of hard mud.

mud was

When

arrived

it

but Rivulus ruber stayed too near the surface

the

and the others were too sluggish to be aquarium fish of the first rank. Some very

again in the tank and at once developed an

beautiful green Fundulus chrysotus from the

appetite for fish worms.

southern United

and

large

The

States were perhaps

clumsy to

find

general

and the

The

too

favor.

for

species of the Indian genus Haplochilus

showed

to

aquarium.

On

one

better

advantage

in

a

Haplochilus

adjacent tanks, beautiful

all

readily took

and broken,

up aquatic

life

exhibition, being arranged especially trojiical

fishes

it,

which made up so

did not contain

many

the colder- water forms from Europe.

small

of

It is

only necessary to mention that the bitter-

was on view.

It was disappointing to some that more of our native fishes were

ling

senegaleiisix,

rubrosiigma, chaperi and pancha.v

fish

large a part of

A number of species were shown. aisle

the

carefully softened

occupied

of them, but

not shown, but they had for consolation a 43

tank

splendid

some

A

is

was made of young assortment shown. The

and a

{>;reat

all

One

appealed

to.

was of course of particular interest

to

it

The word

plants and animals.

is

creation."

"first

a particle of

albumen

in

proto-

Chemically, a firmly ad-

in

hesive condition like a speck of white-of-egg.

Nothing could be

thing about the exhibition

strikinji'

was the variety of people It

it

same

the

substantially

i)resent

plasm means

some of those raised this season, especially where they had been kept in outside tanks, was remarkalile.

rapidity of jirowtli of

the fundamental li\ing sub-

protoiilasui,

stance,

feature

special

fishes,

and

dace

red-hcllied

of

specimens of banded sunHsh.

lively

less animal-like than this

shapeless

mass of matter.

possesses

but

The

creature

structure or differenti-

little

Certain water-filled spaces,

ation of parts.

a pulsating vacuole

may be

The nucleus seems the

control-

and

the naturalist and to persons interested in

a nucleus

aquaria, while the fishes,

amid their water-

detected.

made

a strong appeal to

ing center and the vacuole to be connected

plant surroundings, all

and there were always

lovers of beauty:

children colors,

with the excretory or resjjiratory functions.

Thus

the room admiring the ])retty

in

interested by the

striped

Indian catfish,

into an

unknown

an

getting

hearing of

The bition

its

largest daily attendance at the exhi-

and the

Amoeba

On W.

it.

Amoeba

the

SCIENTISTS

in classifying

the animal

life

upon the earth have given the name

The

forms.

animal".

this

In

class

one-celled animals

popularly

used

to

This term

designate

The Amoeba, one of the lowest it

is

appears

These operations may take place

any

jiortion of

an

vegetation.

the body.

Amoeba divides

it

effected

is

by

They

earth.

in

own

offspring,

is

used

resolve themselves into their

conditions

they

may be caused by drought, approach of winter.

It

may be blown about by suspended

in

the

matter

This 44

is

en-

This stage

lack of food, or

Thus protected they

in

micro-

Under

may become

cysted and form resting bodies.

activity develop, the

viscid, jelly-like

each

constriction,

and nothing perishes.

varying in size from 1/100 to 1/40 of an inch

The

division.

maximum

its

When

diameter.

by the

attains

to denote a continuance of physical life on

protozoans,

when examined under the

effected in a similar but reverse

is

manner.

scope as a clear, translucent drop of jelly,

in

a

of excreta

the scientific sense in which the term

is

scientific

most abundant

water containing decayed

When

way as a complete individual.

Thus they may be said to be immortal in

water or occasionaly moist

fresh

the

to feed,

;

a

protruded

(false feet).

adverse

Usually

it

is

been received into the

size

standing.

earth.

rest Hoavs after

part goes

microscopic

The term, however, has no

inhabits

To move,

particle of food has

When

The Protozoa are and are among the

animals, particularly such as are found

water.

change, alter-

literally

Reproduction

means "first belong Amoeba,

organisms called animalcules.

signifies

applied.

termed pseudopoda

at

name

Infusoria and the like.

well

Iwdy, the aperture closes, and the discharge

Protozoa to the sub-kingdom containing the lowest

is

Hows around and envelops the desired particle.

These projections are

Avhen

POYSKR, Hammond. Indiana

A.

of partially or wholly un-

"finger" of the body-substance

was on Sunday, October

1317 persons visited

all

and

ation,

exploits out of water.

6,

find the process of respiration.

The name Amoeba

and

by seeing the climbing perch

we

])articles

digested food are always present.

their ponds and streams, their imagination stirred

life

Granular

insight

below the surface of

life

the very bottom of the scale of

at

animal

whiskers of the

air

the wind, remaining for

long

periods.

proper conditions for a continuance of

organism again revives.

characteristic of other organisms

and

accounts for their presence in bodies of puddles.

The scopic

water,

even

rain

Amtt^l)a, together with other microlife,

it is,

signal for

them

especially

if

They

undoubtedlj" forms the essential

food of the newly-hatched as

are plentiful a cut in the ice will be the

exposed

all

temporary

always present

The "Lion-head"

it

in

the

WM.

humus

THE

A

The common

resembling

The head

water-flea.

ates in a

less

fish,

prominent beak. The

eyes are spherical with about 20 lenses.

Jaws

})ossess a strong

in four

horny

submaxilary

s])ines three of

among

fish

Jajianese

peculiarities distinguishfin

somewhat

The

latter

development only

appears in pronounced form in the mature

portion of the head culmin-

more or

past

form the protuberances of a

in

raspberry.

large,

The forward

costly

and a growth over the head

rounded above and possesses large antenna^ which extend upward therefrom. is

the

for

ing this breed are the absence of dorsal

Brooklyn

species of Entomostraca, order Clado-

cera.

has

been the most highly

years

The two

fanciers.

Goldfish

Jr., Philadelphia

"Lion-head"

and

prized

Daphnia

INNES,

T.

several

HEEDE,

used.

is

but in cold weather keep near the bottom.

on the bottoms of aquaria.

C. J.

light

Composed,

fry.

of protoplasm the living matter,

It is

opening,

in the

artificial

invariably seek light and sunshine

should be the substance nutritious par excellence.

appear

to

any

and

in a large

not at

all.

dorsal

tins

It

percentage of instances

has been claimed that the

are extracted by the Japanese

endin'j;

whioh curve

inward.

The antenna"

are used like oars, project-

ing the animals in a series of spasmodic

jerky motions through the water.

Daphnia

are frequently found in ponds and ditches, in

such numbers as to color the water a

blood-red stagnant.

where the water

especially

is

While daphnia are a favorite

with the microscopist, they are unexceled as

a

food for

all

varieties

fishes, either alive or dried

They are easy when placed in

to

of a(juarium

and powdered.

keep alive and breed,

JAPANESE LION-HEAD GOLDFISH

a tank with 6 to 8 inches

They must be They

deep on the bottom.

sparingly with chicken manure. also

good scavengers as they destroy

and

will clear the

water of

The female daphnia her back, and these stantly.

Tate

in

the

is

fed

for the scales are

perfectly formed

are

the

alga"

observation of the writer.

laid hatch in-

The body

Fall they produce

We

covers the ponds.

is

short and

specimens scaled.

much lower temperature. j^ear

of these fish have been bred, show-

ing no dorsals, in Philadelphia under the

in

all

where

should have been and furthermore a

fin

number

all impurities.

eggs which are hardier and can stand a

collected

T. Innes, Jr.

manifestly impossible,

breeders, but this

carries the eggs on

when

Wm.

Photograph by

of water and a layer of sand about 2 inches

Daphnia can be when ice

round, even

all

loan

In places where they

and short

thus far observed in this countrj'.

are indebted

of fish

made.

45

thick and most

Tails double

from

to

Mr. Barrett

which

for

illustration

the

was

A Remedy

Formaldehyde

developed

for Fish Infested with Parasites

time dying until only ten remained.

After

among the new and

testing

one at a

fish,

finding

untenal)le

H. A. ROC'.KRS. Pagosa Junction, Colorado

every possible cause of the trouble which

ABOl'T ^

is

two months

the

to

arrival

Later

long journey.

showed an improper

clusion that the disease

they

ported with the

much

this

from

pond

natural food of a

prepared

duced

become

would

they

A

the

we thought

accustomed

the hope of dis-

in

there

lo!

it

was, an

worm,

leech-like

vicious-looking,

active,

which, by sudden and violent contraction

change.

After giving

them frequent

keeping them isolated

added

time by a change of water.

for a

microscope of 250 diameters was next

covering the cause and,

the

to

salt

ten

for

and expansion of the body, struck out

baths and days,

we

all

member

in perfect condition for

was

aquarium

of which had been

provided

an

with

Avas quickly

villain

scientific

identified in a

volume on aquarium

Gyiodactylus elcgans.

Their

three years.

fishes as the

belongs to the

It

group of flukes, having prehensile hooks at

aerator

They

which, even at low sjieed, had always kept

one end and a sucker at the other.

the water thoroughly aerated even in the

burrow under the

warmest weather.

feeding upon the juices of their host.

In a week's time a beautiful, white,

We

tri-

until only

hung

fish

no

By

were alarming, spread to

The

fish

to

became

listless,

lessly

minutes.

bottom for a

No

Later, they would in a

lie

if

carrying

in

I

demon-

was a hint of a

then,

suggested that, as a desperate experiment, in

the solution.

She

re-

ceived the suggestion as a joke, but, having

prominent characteristic of the

one

great

around the

scientist,

she

is

other. goes.

discoloration or dissolution of scales, fins

She

true

always just as ready to ex-

plode a theory of her

completely exhausted condition

said,

You arrange

own

as that of an-

therefore, for

"well,

here

the funeral and

I

will provide the corjjse."

or tails having taken place: in other words,

were

Here,

she place a patient

day or two, when death would ensue.

no outward signs of disease

wife

were put into

remedy, worse, possibly, than the disease.

the body, occasionally

about among the rocks as

my

flukes

a quart of water, death ensued in a few

violently twitching the fins, or darting reck-

agony.

when ihe

fish,

start over again.

a solution of four drops of formaldehyde to

Sjieeding up the aerator brought

relief.

and

careful experiments

strated that

two remained. The respiration went far above normal and they

their fins close

remedies mentioned

uncertain

disinfect everything,

at the surface, gasping, as if suffering

for air.

infest the gills,

the most promising was to destroy the

the entire colony, one after another dying

of the

and

scales

were made heartsick by learning that

among the

pod nymph showed unfavorable symptoms, and, in spite of salt b.iths and special care, The symptoms, which were as soon died. to us as they

in

directions.

The

a choice one to a colony of .Japanese

goldfish, every

new

inas-

it must lie in the shape of whose numbers were greatly re-

brought into service

to the concentrated,

In time

food.

fish

and that,

fish,

changing the water always gave

as

a parasite

of food,

which we thought no more than natural, considering the change of diet

new

to the con-

must have been im-

temjiorary relief,

indications

assimilation

we came

itself to us,

who

weak, but we attributed

a little

suggested

received 25

On

also a personal friend.

seemed

wv

ajjo

from a reliable breeder

<>;()l(lfish

She began, however, with a nmch weaker mentioned above. Much

visible,

excepting a marked thinness of body just

solution than that

before death.

to our siu'prise. the fish

In the meantime, the same condition had

as

46

swam around

in it

though nothing unusual had happened.

Even

hour there was not the

after half an

any

least sign of

ill

The

effects.

strength

of the solution was gradually increased until

10

of formaldehyde to a quart

drops

water produced an unnatural quietness other

we thought

to fresh water

it

in an-

was

all

up with the little fellows, no respiration, no movements of the fins; but, presently, a gasp, a wriggle, and he was a live fish once The same result occurred with anmore. other fish in 20 drops to a quart for one minute.

Our hint of a remedy had thus become a hope.

We

subjected

all

of our remaining fish,

eight in number, to a bath in a solution of five

of our pets would have been saved.

Having no more patients for further ex-

all,

of

When it was re-

15 minutes.

fish after

moved

used the formaldehyde solution at the beif not

ginning of the trouble, the majority,

drops of formaldehyde to a quart of

we

periments,

are unable to determine the

proper strength of the solution and length of time for the bath to obtain the best re-

and would suggest that the aquarist

sults,

meeting with

this,

or any

other

parasitic

weaker solution and greater length of time for the bath.

It may be

horror, try a

that such treatment would be as effective in

destroying the parasites and less injurious to

the

The

fish.

what the

individual can never

rest of the

world

is,

know

or has been

Others may have used the same

doing.

remedy, which has been

we have

original with us,

not found this treatment or

water for 15 minutes on two consecutive

but, as

days, disinfecting the aquarium and every-

any other practical one mentioned in any of

thing about

it

each time with a solution of a

teaspoonful of formaldehyde in a quart of

Microscopic

water.

live flukes still.

We

examination

increased the strength

No more

to 10 di'ops the third day.

To make

could be found.

revealed

flukes

sure that any

adults lurking under the scales might be

destroyed and to

we repeated

kill

this

crop,

everything

each

Since then frequent and thorough

time.

searches have failed to show the parasite. that the It was of interest to observe weaker fish were affected more seriously by the formaldehyde than the stronger ones

and that,

as they recovered, they

were

fish

on

the

we

subject,

this

are

maga-

zine the benefit of our experience in the

hope

that,

ally

known, others with better

if

the fects given are not gener-

experimenting than

for

may

carry the tests to a

and give the

facilities

we have more

at

hand end

definite

results to lovers of aquatic life.

While formaldehyde

is

extremely

fatal to

lower orders of life, it is not excessively It is, howpoisonous to the higher forms. ever, an irritant to the mucous membranes and should, therefore, be used with great caution.

The

aquarist will find that little instru-

ment, the microscope (without which surgery would still be butchery and the Pana-

af-

fected less and less by the drug.

Three of the eight

literature

prompted to give the readers of

bath twice more, three

disinfecting

days apart,

new

a possible

our

ma

to receive the

Canal merely a hope of the nations)

valuable addition to his paraphernalia.

,

a It

treatment died before the treatment

need not be an expensive one; even 100 or

was completed, but the five survivors are now all bright and happy, with fins wide-

dangerous parasites, and afford many pleas-

first

respiration

spread,

normal, and

and digestion of the best; and

it

150 diameters

will reveal

appetites

ant hours studying the

has been

less animalculae

the existence of

many forms

which inhabit

all

of harm-

aquariums.

three weeks since they had their last treat-

ment.

One

of the old ones, which

had four years, has but th'S

is

lost

The

we have

offers

patches of scales,

We

firmly

believe that, had

of

freshwater

fishes

of animal distribution known to zoologists.

This is true, not only of families, but even of species, whose peculiar range is often vm-

the only remaining sign of the

dreadful ordeal through which they have passed.

distribution

some of the most perplexing problems

we

accountable.

47

SOCIETY BULLETIJWS Officers for 1912

Brooklyn Aquarium Society Initiation

W.

Fee, $i.oo

DeVoe, Box 383, Baldwin, N.Y.

F.

Owen H.

Smith, 52 Wall

Vice-President

Treasurer

Dr. Rudolph C. Lienau

Harry Roessle

Local Editor, Sylvester C. 924 Gates Avenue

tru

Annual Dues, $2.00

Corresponding and Recording Secretary

President

LLOvn

St.,

New York

Financial Secretary

Theodore

702 Fulton

Fritz

P.

Owen H. Smith

Local Business Manager,

Street

Regular meetings are held on Fourth Tuesday in every month except June, July and August, at Fairchild Building, 702 Fulton St., at 8 P. M. First meeting of the season, September 23d.

Sale and exchange of young fish, any variety.

Address by the President, W. F. De Voe. Visitors and prospective members urged to attend.

Chicago Fish

Officers for 1912

Fanciers' Club

President

meetings are held on Second and Fourth Wednesday of each month, at 809-

Regular

Young, 428 West 66th

F. S.

Dr. G. a. Preuskf.r, 457

Vice-President

Street

North Avenue

Secretary

F.G.Orsinger, 23 South Oakley Boulevard

Treasurer

Carl Fossetta, 1500 Diversey Boulevard

I

the

8

I

2 City Hall

Square Building,

127-139 North Clark at 8.30 P.M.

Tracy H. Holmes, 2816 Logan

Librarian

Street,

W.

Local Editor,

Local Bus. Mgr. Initiation Fee, $1.00

A. Poyser, 106 Carroll J.

G,

Pieser,

Boulevard

Hammond,

St.,

Ind.

3800 Grand Boulevard

Annual Dues, $1.00

New York

Officers for 1912

nurr

Isaac Buchanan, 143 Liberty Street, New York President Vice-President, Richard DoRN, 7 Norman Rd., Upper Montclair, N.J. Recording Secretary, Arthur Osborn, 42 South St., Jersey City, N.J.

Regular meetings are held on Second Thursday at the

Treasurer, H. A. Richtberg, 85 South i6th St., East Orange, N.J.

German - American Sherman Ave., Jersey

Librarian,

Aquarium Society

.

.

Cor. Sec'y, Rev. the

on the Fourth Friday

Museum

erican

School, City, and

at the

Am

of Natural His-

Local

New

York, each month

Local

except July and August.

Initiation Pee, $1.00

Dues, $2.00

October 2^th

Annuai Dues, $1.80 Corresponding Membership $1.00 Annually

Initiation Fee, $1.00

Regular meet/ng are held on the Foutth Wednesday, at 1414 Arch

Coffin, 129 East 71st

St.,

New

York

i

— Lecture.

November T4th

Philadelphia Aqu ar i u m Society ntruurr

S.

Hermann Hoffmeister, 65 Webster Av., Jersey City, N.J. Editor. John Trradwell Nichols, Am. Museum of Nat. Hist.

Business Manager, Carl P. Ording, 1931 Broadway, New York

tory, 77th St and Central Park

West,

Henry

— Reports

of Committees.

Officers for 1912

President and Local Editor,

Wm. T.

Innes, Jr.,

i

2th

& Cherry

Sts.

Charles Paxson, 21^21 N. 9th Street Fred Schaefer, 1610 N. 2d Street Treasurer Secretary and Bus. Mgr., Howard S. Crees, 3744 N. 13th St. Vice-President

.

.

—

Wednesday Evening, October 23d Diploma for best fish owned Also entries for household aquarium competibv a member.

Mr. L. M. Dorsey, Jr. will read a paper on hydra, tion. entitled «'A New Way to Get Rid of an Old Pest."

Street.

Milwaukee

Aquarium Society

nutr

Officers for 1912 President

Vice-President Secretary

Treasurer Librarian

C. G. B. ScHENCK, 105 Grand Avenue August Grau, 31 10 Grand Avenue

Reverend Paul Roth, 2602 IVI.

J.

Prairie

C. Steffen, g^o

Avenue

First Street

August W. Pollworth, 1816 Wright

Street

WM.

PAULLIN

L.

Goldfish Hatchery

Water Gardener GROWER OF THE

Finest

Water Plants BREEDER OF

Fancy Goldfish and

Jacob C. Cassel 915

Tropical Fish

Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Manufacturer

Large Aquariums^ Ponds and Small

Aquariums

Lakes Stocked and Planted

Aquarium Ornaments Floral Terra Cotta, etc.

Goldfish

and

Send

Try

I

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cents a box, postpaid

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TO DEALERS ONLY Black-banded

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WOLF STREET, PHILADELPHIA

Greenriver Fish and Baby Fish Food will

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the Sunfish tannily,

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and that can be kept with Goldfish.

AQUARIUM SUPPLY CO DELAIR, ,

C.

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THIELER DEALER

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BROOKLYN,

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breeders in Philadelphia

and other large Ask your dealer

THIELER'S SONG RESTORER in

many

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Aquaria, Fish Globes, Foods and Plants, Birds and Cages, Bird Seed, Mocking-Bird Food, Etc.

Very Best

and robust; will act as a laxative and is the best substitute It will not sour for Daphnia. or cloud the water. This food is used by the New York and Philadelphia Aquaria; also by

N. Y.

HARRY

P.

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Warnock Street PHILADELPHIA, PA.

1210 North

IMPORTER AND BREEDER Young ScalelessTelescopes,all from $7.00 per hundred up

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IMPERVITE

WATERPROOF Cement Tanks with

Ordinary cement contains alkali which dissolves in the water and will injure the fish.

IMPERVITE is an Integral Waterproofing Compound of a bituminous nature, manufactured in sea-green, is

to seal

red and other tints.

tile

up the

alkalies

Its

to prevent the water from penetrating

accompanying

action

of the cement and also testimony to

letter bears

The

it.

this fact:

Our booklet, "Integral Waterproofing

The Standard Paint

Co. August 29, 191Z 100 William St., New York City Gentlemen: Obtaining unsatisfactory results from a number of preparations for waterproofing cement, an architect induced me to try IMPERVITE. 1 he results have been all that could be desired and have successfully withstood the test of time.

In concrete acquarium and pool construction I recommend your product on all occasions.

The addition of IMPERVITE to the cement at the time it

—

is mixed not only renders the pool watcrt.ght but also eliminates the danger of having chemicals from the fiesh cement wash into the water and kill the fish.

(Signed) Wm. T. Innes, Jr. Yours very truly President of Aquarium Society of Philadelphia

for

Cement Tanks"

sent on request

The Standard Paint Company, too William

New York

St.,

City

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IS

ONLY ONE AQUARIUM PUMP

on the market. This is It. For over 20 years the "K.I). A." has l)een Don't he misled with cheap iiniversallv recognized to be unrivalled. makesliifts. If interested in a Ileal Aqiiarlniii Pump "rite me toiiay

BREEDERS OF Fringetail Japanese and Chinese Telescopes and of Red, African and Japanese Snails

for circular.

V-n-A"

DR.G.M.

TROPICAL FISH have them all at reduced prices.

I

CULTIVATORS OF

Ask

for descriptive literature.

Sagittaria Natans and Gigantica and of Single-rooted Ludwigia Mullertti

W.

BRIND, F.Z.S.

L.

i«i^

AQUARIST Correspondence

The Guide

solicited

554 West 185th

Nature

to

Published Monthly by

Street,

New York

[|lJ

Aquarium Plants

Imported Goldfish

The Agassiz Association

of all kinds

Aquaria Tanks Fish Globes Ornaments, Etc.

ARCADIA, SOUND BEACH, CONNECTICUT

SINGLE COPY, IOC ONE YEAR, $1.00 Frequently has interesting articles devoted to Aquaria,

and

is

trated

always packed material

full

pertaining

Milwaukee Trypod

Co.,

W.

C.

ot to

interesting, beautifully illus all

departments of nature.

457 Eleventh E/ANS,

St.,

Milwaukee, Wis.

Mana^'er

Manufacturers of and dealers in all kinds of aquariums Importers and dealers in high-grade gold and wild fishes

Auburndale Goldfish Co. (Not Incorporated) 920

West Randolph Send

for

St.,

Chicago,

Catalog and Trade Prices

111.