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David City/Butler County, Nebraska Housing Needs Assessment 2019

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Plan Participants

PLAN PARTICIPANTS Butler County Development ALAN ZAVODNY – PRESIDENT GREG ASHOFF SCOT BAUER PAT MEYSENBURG SCOTT STEAGER KELCIE KEELING, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR - CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

David City City Council ALAN ZAVODNY - MAYOR KEVIN HOTOVY, WARD 2 - COUNCIL PRESIDENT TOM KOBUS, 1ST WARD DANA TROWBRIDGE, 1ST WARD PAT MEYSENBURG, 2ND WARD JOHN VANDENBERG, 3RD WARD GARY SMITH, 3RD WARD

Butler County Board of Supervisors DAVID MACH, DISTRICT 1 TONY KAFKA, DISTRICT 2 SCOT BAUER, DISTRICT 3 MAX BIRKEL, DISTRICT 4 SCOTT STEAGER, DISTRICT 5 GREGORY JANAK, DISTRICT 6 ANTHONY WHITMORE, DISTRICT 7

Funding Provided By:

Planning Consultants

Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Chapter 1 Introduction and Methodology Introduction Butler County Development contract with the Marvin Planning Consultants (MPC) team to undertake a comprehensive housing assessment of Butler County, Nebraska, the City of David City and the surrounding communities. The comprehensive housing assessment is funded by Butler County Development and the Nebraska Investment Finance Authority (NIFA). The goal of the study is to assess the general health of the housing market, current conditions of the housing stock, assess and forecast current and future housing needs based on projected population and employment trends.

dissatisfaction. If businesses believe, or know, they cannot find adequate housing for their employees they may look elsewhere.

Study Boundaries The housing needs assessment included all of David City, Butler County, and the villages of Abie Bellwood, Brainard, Bruno, Dwight, Garrison, Linwood, Octavia, Rising City, Surprise, and Ulysses. All of these entities play a role in the overall housing market of Butler County. The following analysis and recommendations will to be applied to each entity.

The project partners understand the Nebraska housing market is tight, which means vacancy rates are extremely low, and finding the right housing product for current and future residents is a challenge. These tight housing markets not only affect the confidence of current residents, but a tight housing market also becomes a challenge when attracting new businesses to locate into a community. Tight housing markets with low vacancies and limited housing options, are the difference between a business considering expanding within their current community, or relocation to a different region. A tight housing market or housing market in which the right type of housing is not available can also increase employee turnover and also cause general

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

The qualitative data gathering is the second element of the study. The MPC team approached this task in a variety of manners including focus groups with key stakeholders including major employers, local bankers, and realtors. These focus groups supplemented online and written surveys that were distributed via SurveyMonkey. Over 110 surveys were completed. The qualitative data supplements and provides local context to the numbers. It provides insight into how people feel about the housing situation in David City and Butler County. The MPC team gathered as many points of view as possible to create a well-rounded picture of the housing situation. When both the qualitative and quantitative data are examined the results paint the true picture of the housing needs and challenges within Butler County and the City of David City.

Document layout

Methodology The MPC team used a two-part, data-driven approach to undertake the assessment and ultimately the recommended outcomes and strategy. The team used a variety of data sources including: Butler County Assessor’s data, US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), US Census, and private sources such as ESRI. This data was supplemented with local observations and stakeholder interviews. The housing assessment process is divided into two parts. One is the quantitative data-driven analysis (the numbers), and the second is the qualitative analysis (perceptions). Quantitative analysis was done through analyzing US census data population forecasts, employment data locational analysis in general trend data.

The David City/Butler County Housing Needs Assessment Study is laid out in the following Chapters: 1. Introduction 2. Community Engagement 3. Existing Conditions 4. David City/Butler County Demand Analysis 5. David City/Butler County Recommendations 6. Village of Abie 7. Village of Bellwood 8. Village of Brainard 9. Village of Bruno 10. Village of Dwight 11. Village of Garrison 12. Village of Linwood 13. Village of Octavia 14. Village of Rising City 15. Village of Surprise 16. Village of Ulysses Appendix A: Funding Resources

Local data was also used to supplement National level data. This included the Butler County Assessors data as well as discussions with local realtors. When examined in a comprehensive fashion, the national and local data paints a picture of what is going on in the housing market and what we can expect to happen over the next 5 to 10 years if actions are not addressed. The goal of the study is to really look at what types of housing is needed what types of residents are expected to enter the David City and Butler County region, and what is missing from the current housing market and then what also can be done to address the situation moving forward.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Chapter 2 Community Engagement Introduction During the process, the MPC team worked to collect information regarding the perceived needs and desires in David City and throughout Butler County. The data collection process included specific techniques, including: • On-line surveys • Hard copies of the on-line survey • Focus group meetings • Special interviews

Survey The community engagement portion of the project began with developing an on-line survey via SurveyMonkey, with hard copies available for those not having access to the on-line format. In order to incentivize the filling out the survey, the MPC team purchased $100 in “Chamber Bucks”. At the end there would be one person selected from those that answered the on-line survey. However, a person needed to completely fill out the survey and provide the group with their name and at least an email address.

Postcard sample front

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Age of Respondents Question 4 is where some key questions started to build a profile of the housing stock and occupants for David City, Butler County, and the other communities. This question focused on the age of the respondent. Age was broken into 12 specific ranges starting at Under 19 years and going to 75 years or more. Overall, the typical dependent age groups, as far as housing (Under 25 years and 65 years and over) accounted for only 22.51 % of the respondents; therefore 77.49% of the respondents were between 25 years and 65 years of age. The top five age groups responding are: • 65 to 74 years with 14.41% • 35 to 39 years with 12.61% • 55 to 59 years with 10.81% • 40 to 44 years with 10.81%, and • 50 to 54 years with 9.91%

Postcard sample back Overall, the survey received 112 responses from across Butler County, the majority of which were from the 68632 Zip Code. A summary and synopsis of the survey results will be on the following pages.

Figure 2.2 Age of Respondents

Survey Results Why they Live Where They Do Question 3 is focused on one of the key issues surrounding the housing study for David City and Butler County. There is a large workforce driving into the area for employment. One critical items to examine with the survey, was to determine why this was occurring; was it due to a lack of housing stock locally or another reason. Out of the 112 survey participants, only 20 answered this question. The answer with the largest number answering was “I like where I live”. Figure 2.1 Why I Live Where I Do

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

These age groups account for 58.55% of the total respondents. The overall survey has a very solid balance regarding the ages of people responding. Sex of Respondents The survey was answered predominately by females. Overall, 63 (56.76%) respondents were female and 48 (43.24%) were male. Considering some of the responses on other questions, there appears to be a large single person female population and/or a large single mother with children population base in the area.

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 2.4 Sex Breakdown of Respondents

Figure 2.6 Ownership/Rental by Sex

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Rent versus Ownership Respondents were asked to identify if they rented or owned their place of residence. In addition, if for some reason, neither of those applied “Other” and what “other” meant. Overall, 24 (21.62%) rented their residence and 85 (76.58%) owned their place of residence. However, 2 (1.80%) did identify other. Figure 2.5 Ownership versus Rental

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2018, SurveyMonkey

Comparing rental properties to overall household income provides interesting results as well. Table 2.1 indicates 5 (21.75%) rented and have a total household income of under $25,000 per year; moreover, 10 (43.49%) have a household income of $35,000 or less. Regarding home ownership, 1 (1.19%) indicating homeownership had a household income of less than $25,000. On the top end, 57 (67.85%) of those indicating homeownership had a household income greater than $75,000 annually.

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Cross tabulating the data shows of the 24 respondents indicating they rented, 19 (79.17%) of those were female respondents. However, 44 (51.76%) of the home ownership identified was also by female respondents. Finally, 0 (0.00%) of those responding as “other” were also female respondents.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 2.1: Housing Tenure by Household Income

Median Income from Survey

Homeownership increases with income People renting increases with less income Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Table 2.2: Housing Market Needs by Tenure The weighted averages for Single Professional ranged from 1.75 to 2.05, all below average regarding meeting the needs of the market.

The weighted averages for Singles and couples without children ranged from 2.00 to 2.28, all below average regarding meeting the needs of the market. The weighted averages for Households with children ranged from 2.00 to 2.32, all below average regarding meeting the needs of the The weighted averages for Multi-generational Families ranged from 2.00 to 2.19, all below average regarding meeting the needs of the The weighted averages for Empty Nester ranged from 2.67 to 3.00, all below or at average regarding meeting the needs of the market. However, this market faired better than the others.

Any Weighted Average below “3” indicates a less than average ability to meet the needs of those in homeownership, renting, other. These data are for across Butler County; however, most of it applies to David City.

The weighted averages for Elderly Singles or Couples ranged from 2.65 to 3.00, all below average or at average regarding meeting the needs of the market.

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 2.3: Housing Needs by Tenure Both renters and homeowners rate Housing Affordability as Low. Overall, 52.8% of the respondents rated affordability as low.

Renters are slightly more positive than homeowners regarding the availability of Senior Housing in Butler County. 36.4% of renters rated Residential Property Maintenance as a 1 or 2 (Below Average); while, 47.4of homeowners felt it was an issue in Butler County 60.9% of renters felt housing quality was below average, the weighted average was 2.23. 56.0% of homeowners agreed with a weighted average of 2.32.

Question 13 of the survey asked the respondents to rank the items in Table 2.2 from “1” to “4” with “1” being low and “4” being high. As they answered these questions, the survey generated a weighted average; therefore, anything below a “3” on the weighted average meant there was a need for that particular type of housing. None of the responses received a “3” or better on the weighted average. The best weighted average came from those owning their home and rating “Empty-nesters” which received a 2.88. Therefore, there is at least a perceived need or demand for each of the housing types listed in Table 2.2.

Nearly 70% of renters felt the housing supply was below average, the weighted average was 1.76. In addition, over 70% of homeowners felt the same way. The homeowner weighted average was 1.96.

worst weighted average with a 1.76 and 1.96 from renters and homeowners respectively; housing quality was also an issue with averages of 2.23 and 2.32 respectively. Question 18 of the survey asked respondents “How satisfied are you with where you live?” The answers are in Table 2.3 which indicates over 56% of the renters answering this question were either Somewhat Satisfied or Not Satisfied. However, 75% of the homeowners answering were either Satisfied or Very Satisfied with their housing. This is a normal and expected response by the different groups.

Question 14 and its responses are found in Table 2.3 above. The question asked takers to rate on a scale of “1” to “4” specific housing topics such as affordability, Availability of Senior Housing, etc. Again, “1” was low and “4” was high. Similar to Table 2.2, the results were calculated into a weighted average with anything below a “3” being in need. None of the topics received a weighted average of “3” or more. Housing supply had the

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 2.3: Housing Satisfaction by Tenure

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Question 20’s answer can be found in Table 2.4. Question 20 asked survey takers, “In what type of housing would you prefer to live?” The majority of people in both the renter and owner category said single family home, 56.52% and 93.90% respectively. However, renters did have 34.78% answer they would like to live in a townhouse/duplex/attached units (double, triple, etc.). It is not a surprise, when asked most people in the Midwest would prefer to live in a single-family dwelling unit. Table 2.4: Housing Desire by Tenure

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Question 21 of the survey asked what the “Preferred number of bedrooms?” where. The rent group said between 2– and 4 or more bedrooms; while the homeowners were at 3– and 4 or more bedrooms. Very few people stated that a 1-bedroom unit would be desired.

Table 2.5: Housing Desire by Tenure

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 2.6: Importance of Features by Tenure

The weighted average under cost was above 3.00, indicating cost is extremely important to all groups. The weighted average under quality of construction was greater than a 3.00, indicating quality of construction is extremely important to all groups. Privacy/distance between homes and size of residence, based upon the weighted averages, is less important to those renting and listed as “other” than to those owning their home.

Historic character and architectural features are less important to all groups. All three groups have a weighted average of under 2.00 Low maintenance residences are important to all those answering the question, with a weight for all three groups near or over 3.00. However, low maintenance is more important to homeowners as opposed to renters. Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Table 2.6 indicates the responses to key issues seen by both the rental and ownership group. The survey, once again, asked for the respondents to rank these items from “1” to “4” and a weighted average was generated. Looking at the different issues, all but one issue was considered important or very important. The issue are ranked as follows: Renters • Quality of Construction • Cost • Low Maintenance • Size of residence • Privacy or distance • Historic character

3.59 3.57 3.30 3.22 3.04 2.30

Owners • Quality of Construction • Cost • Privacy or distance

3.74 3.57 3.25

• • •

Size of residence Low Maintenance Historic character

3.10 3.00 1.83

The respondents identified as renters were less satisfied with where they lived. In total, 55.48% were either “Somewhat Satisfied” or “Not Satisfied”. Those respondents identifying as a homeowner were more likely to be “Satisfied” or “Very Satisfied, with 74.22% feeling this way. Finally, considering the comments by some answering “other” on their living arrangement, 48.48% were “Not Satisfied” or only “Somewhat Satisfied”. Question 14 asked respondents to identify in what type of housing they would prefer to live. Their choices were Single-family, Multi-family/ condominium development with on-site amenities, Table 2.6: Importance of Features by Tenure

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 2.7: Preferred Housing Availability by Tenure

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

Table 2.7 relates to Question 24 which asked “Does the type of housing you desire exist in David City, Butler County, or any of the communities in Butler County?” The answers between Yes and No were split by both renters and owners without a defined majority. The owners, however, had 27.71% say they were not sure. There appears to be a lack of faith that the housing stock throughout Butler County does not meet the wants of those answering the question. Table 2.8: Preferred Housing Type by Tenure

Source: Marvin Planning Consultants, Inc 2019

The final question asked the respondents their opinion on the type of housing that should be developed throughout Butler County. Their choices were “Affordable Apartments”, “Affordable Singlefamily Homes”, Housing for Seniors or Disabled Individuals”, “Apartment Communities with Amenities”, “Upper Scale Apartments” or “Upper Scale Single-family Homes (greater than $250,000).

housing type. Affordable Single-family Homes was followed by Affordable Apartments and Housing for Seniors or Disabled Individuals.

The question in Table 2.8 asked the respondents to select all that applied; therefore, all of the categories will exceed 100%.

When asked if the respondents planned to move within 5-years, 6 to 10 years, or not at all, the majority, 78.26%, of renters would be moving within 5-years and 21.74% did not anticipate moving within the next 10-years. Homeowners were more willing to stay where they are currently. Only 29.27% anticipate moving in the next 5-years and 56.10% do not plan to move within the next 10-years. If these statistics are expanded across David City and Butler County, the large number of people stating they intend to move within the next 5-years should be a concern, since it is not known why, or where they may move. If it is out of county, the county

The vast majority of respondents agreed there needs to be a mixture of new housing constructed throughout Butler County. The blue shaded area in Table 2.8 indicates the housing types the participants felt should be constructed throughout the county. Overwhelming agreement occurred in the category of Affordable Single-family Homes with 50.0% of renter and 81.25% of homeowners; overall, 78 (75.0%) of the 104 respondents replied in this 10

Survey Summary Based upon the information shared by the survey respondents, there was a good mixture of individuals representing renters and homeowners.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

stands to loss part of its population base. Most people agree they want a single-family home, but quality and cost of a home is critical. However, a majority believe the type of housing they want is either not available in Butler County or they are not sure it exists. When these respondents were asked what type of housing they thought was needed in Butler County, there was a variety of housing types identified; however, a key word in most of the answers was “Affordable”. The survey and the interviews conducted with various groups had one major theme. Good (not excellent), affordable housing was a need in David City and Butler County. One additional theme is, everybody’s definition of affordable seems to be different and the definition is seriously different depending upon one’s viewpoint and employment/income level. All engagement approaches seem to point to the need for multiple levels of housing availability; however, the key discussion will be focused on how to make housing affordable for everyone while providing quality livable structures.

Stakeholder Focus Group Results On December 5, 2018 interviews were conducted with three key focus groups: Realtors, bankers and major employers. The purpose was to understand the housing market from various industry’s perspective, and how, or if, there was any impact to their business operations because of the housing market in Butler County and David City. While the questions were tailored for each focus group, the questions followed these general themes: 1. What are the greatest housing needs in David City and Butler County; 2. How is the housing market impacting employer and employee attraction and retention; 3. What are the biggest hurdles facing perspective renters or homebuyers; and, 4. From each focus groups perspective, what should be the housing/community development priorities of David City. Across all three groups the common themes that emerged included: • • •

Additional housing needs to be developed, regardless whether it’s for-sale or for-rent; There is a need for 3- and 4- bedroom units; New subdivisions should be developed that are priced for middle-income professionals; and

•

David City needs to be more supportive towards new housing development and play a more active role in providing development opportunities.

Business Leaders Focus Group The business leaders recognized the impact of the tight housing market, and in particular the lack of new for-sale housing available for their employees who desire to settle down within David City. While business leaders recognized the need for additional rental housing, they felt that new for-sale housing was important for the long-term stability of the community. Some of the key challenges expressed by the business community included: • It is a challenge to find housing for new employees moving into David City. Most of the rental units have waiting lists. • It is extremely difficult to find housing for new employees with families moving into the community. There is a limited supply of appropriate housing and price can be a challenge. • It is very difficult to find new homes for people looking settle into the community long-term. There is a lack of new housing developments that are available to those who want a new home. During the discussion, the following priorities emerged that should be pursued to help alleviate the housing shortage and its corresponding impact on employee recruitment and retention: • Developing for-sale housing for employees who want to settle in David City and call it home for the long-term. The duplexes are good short-term solution. • The City should be more supportive or involved in new housing development. It feels like the City has taken a hands-off approach recently. • Efforts should be made to develop new housing options for young professionals, not just new housing for low- and moderate-income residents. Bankers Focus Group The banking community recognized the impact of the tight housing market, and the lack of new forsale housing and rental product available in Butler County and David City. There was a consensus any type of housing, rental or for-sale, needs to be developed within David City. The bankers felt that David City was well situated to not only capture those working in David City, but those who are working in near-by communities such as Columbus

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

or Schuyler, in large part due to the reputation and desirability of the two schools in David City. Some of the key challenges expressed by the banking community included: • There is a need for new housing, regardless of rental versus for-sale, especially 3- and 4bedroom units. • New housing developments (Subdivisions) are needed in the area. • People in Columbus are looking in David City because there is no inventory in Columbus either, and the schools help drive housing demand. People move for the schools, but may work in Columbus, Lincoln, etc. During the discussion, the following priorities emerged that should be pursued to help alleviate the housing shortage: • Regardless whether the units are for-sale or forrent, 3- and 4-bedroom units should be the priority. • The cost of housing is extremely important, and emphasis should be placed to keep costs in these ranges:  $800 – $850/month for rentals  $160,000 - $170,000 sales prices • The City needs to be more supportive towards builders and those making investments their homes. Builders/contractors say it’s difficult to work with the City and it’s harder to build in David City than other near-by communities. Realtors Focus Group The Realtor community recognized the impact of the tight housing market, and the lack of new forsale housing and rental product available in Butler County and David City. Surprisingly, the Realtors thought the greatest need in the community was for rental housing. There was significant discussion about the difficulties of finding housing for employees who are new to the area and have a limited time to find suitable housing.

want to buy a house initially, and their student loans often makes their debt to income ratios too high so they can’t get a loan initially. •

There is a distinct need for new construction or renovated (move-in ready) housing:  People want move-in ready units, and very few households have an appetite to renovate a fixer-upper.  City owns 5 or so lots that could be used for infill housing. There is no opposition to new rental housing or building duplexes, in fact, most people are concerned about the dilapidated existing homes.

During the discussion, the following priorities emerged that should be pursued to help alleviate the housing shortage: • Develop additional new rental housing that contain 3- to 4- bedrooms. • Develop new for-sale homes that are roughly 1,200 SF, with an unfinished basement. If possible, the sales price should be below $170,000.00. • City and County should work together to release the City-owned lots for development. Thoughts on the village housing markets: • Rising City seems to have stabilized after losing its school • Brainard could possibly absorb a few new rentals. • Bellwood has demand for rental housing. Many new residents are associated with jobs in Columbus.

Some of the key challenges or needs expressed by the Realtors included: •

Rental housing, especially duplexes, are a key need  There is very little product for people who are moving into town for jobs, and almost all rental projects have waiting lists.  Interim housing for people working at the hospital because they have little time to find a house before they report to work.  Recent college graduates don’t often

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Introduction This Chapter of the Housing Needs Assessment Study examines the existing conditions for David City, Butler County, the villages of Abie, Bellwood, Brainard, Bruno, Dwight, Garrison, Linwood, Octavia, Rising City, Surprise and Ulysses. David City is the county seat and largest community within Butler County. The employment base in David City largely supports the agricultural sectors of greater Butler County and many of the surrounding villages. The major employers are the local hospital, schools, and agribusiness related industries. Because of David City’s location, size, and quality schools it is a major hub for people to live who work outside of the county.

Assessors database, and more. In a number of cases these data have been field verified, especially on condition analysis. Ultimately, the Demand Analysis will be based upon several factors including: • US Census data • HUD data • Condition of structure (structures needing to be replaced)

David City is not different from a majority of the United States with a housing shortage. Based upon the information obtained through the survey and focus group meetings, there is at a minimum a perceived shortage of quality, affordable housing ($160,000 to $170,000) in the area. This study examines the existing conditions both via data and physical conditions. As stated earlier, these data have come from multiple sources including US Census, HUD, the Butler County

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Housing Market: Current Conditions/Trends Population and Household trends Butler County, David City and all the Villages within the County are projected to continue to lose population and households over the next five year, however the rate of loss is modest. In 2010, Butler County had a population of 8,395 residents, which has declined to an estimated 8,085 persons in 2018 and is projected to decline to 7,787 persons in 2023. It is important to note that this is only a -0.75% annual rate of decline, which is less than 60 people annually, which could largely be attributed to young adults moving away for college or work, and not enough net migration to offset those losses. About half of this population loss is expected to occur within David City and the 11 villages, and the remaining loss occurring within the unincorporated areas of Butler County. David City is projected to lose residents and households over the next five years at a modest annual rate of -0.6%, which equates to approximately 17 persons annually, which is negligible. Household loss within David City is a similar story. The 5-year estimates suggest a loss of 34 households by 2023, or 7 households annually. The rate of David City’s population and household loss is less than the County overall and could be

reversed if a major employer were to expand, or a new company located within the city. It is also likely this rate of loss is overstated due to the margin of errors in the estimates. While all the villages are projected to see some population loss over the next five years, it is important to note that there is an inverse relationship between the size of the community and the margin of error in the demographic and housing projections. As the size of the community decreases, the margin of error increases. Because of this relationship, we have not projected housing demand for the villages who have fewer than 50 households, which includes the villages of Abie, Bruno, Garrison, Linwood, Octavia, and Surprise. For those villages, we focused on the number of vacant structures reported in the 2010 Census compared to those the Butler County Assessor rated as in poor condition during the 2017 assessment. However, these projections assume there are no major changes in the employment base i.e., no major employers relocate to or from David City or Butler County. If there are major changes to the economic base of Butler County within the next five years, that will likely have an impact on population and household growth, and also housing demand.

Table 3.1: Population Profiles

Butler County

2010 Population 8395

2018 Population 8085

2023 Population 7787

Projected 5 -year Net Change -298

2018-2023 Population: Annual Growth Rate -0.75%

David City

2906

2848

2764

-84

-0.6%

Abie

-4

-1.30%

Bellwood

435

408

386

-22

-1.10%

Brainard

330

314

300

-14

-0.91%

Bruno

-5

-1.14%

Dwight

204

194

185

-9

-0.95%

Garrison

-1

-0.38%

Linwood

-5

-1.28%

Octavia

127

115

108

-7

-1.25%

Rising City

374

372

364

-8

-0.43%

Surprise

-1

-0.47%

Ulysses

171

169

166

-3

-0.36%

Source: ESRI / US Census

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.2: Household Projections Butler County David City Abie Bellwood Brainard Bruno Dwight Garrison Linwood Octavia Rising City Surprise Ulysses

2018 Total Households 3281 1125 31 158 146 41 90 23 34 45 154 17 75

2023 Total Households 3164 1091 30 150 140 39 86 23 33 42 151 17 73

Projected 5 -year Net Change -117 -34 -1 -8 -6 -2 -4 0 -1 -3 -3 0 -2

Source: ESRI / US Census

Current Vacancy Rate The single family for-sale market in Butler County and David City is remarkably tight due to lack of available supply and purchaser demand. The graph, Figure 3.1, illustrates the continued tightening of the Butler County housing market between 2010 and 2016. The most recent Census estimate, the 2013-2017 American Community Survey indicates both the for-sale and rental vacancy rate in Butler County remained tight at 1.0% and 0.9% respectively. The David City rental market is tighter than the County as a whole. According to the 2013-2017 American Community Survey the rental vacancy rate was estimated to be 0.0% and the for-sale Figure 3.1: Recent Vacancy Rates

vacancy rate 2.3%, higher than the overall Butler County. This compares to a historic Midwest average sales vacancy rate of 2% and a historic rental vacancy rate of 10%. Butler County Nebraska has a sales vacancy rate that is over ½ of the historic Midwest averages. The demand for rental housing is significant. Over the last seven years, the housing market has tightened, and the current combined sales and rental vacancy rates in Butler County equate to an estimated overall effective housing vacancy rate of only 0.98%1 and David City has an estimated effective housing vacancy rate of 1.6%. These low rates are due to a lack of housing product available within the Butler County and David City market. A healthy housing market should have an effective vacancy rate of between 5% and 7%. This ensures there is adequate product for new households moving into a community, and for existing residents to move up or change tenure if desired. A constrained housing market leads to price escalation, potential difficulties in attracting workers to a region, exasperating a tight labor market and hampering economic growth. The lack of available housing product may also cause frustration from existing residents who may not be able to find the desired product for their current lifestyle and may chose to leave the region in search of housing that fits their needs.

1 The

effective vacancy rate is a measure of the actual number of vacant properties that are available for sale or rent. The effective vacancy rate excludes properties that are for occasional or seasonal use, housing for migrant workers, and properties that fall into the “other” category which are ones that are neither for sale or rent and are typically abandoned properties.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Housing Age, Quality and Abandonment The housing stock in Butler County continues to age and many units are showing signs of disrepair. As each year goes the housing stock ages, and if new units are placed in service or existing units are not maintained or renovated, neighborhoods can deteriorate, which leads to disinvestment and possible abandonment. The housing stock in Butler County, David City and the villages continues to age.

•

expectancy and increasing the effective age. Average: Some evidence of deferred maintenance and normal obsolescence with age in that a few minor repairs and refinishing are needed, along with some refinishing. But with all major components are still functional and contributing toward an extended life expectancy, the effective age and utility is standard for like properties of its class and usage. Good: No obvious maintenance is required but neither is everything new. Appearance and utility are above the standard, and the overall effective age will be lower than the typical property. Very Good: All items are well maintained, many having been overhauled and repaired as soon as they showed signs of wear, increasing the life expectancy and lowering the effective age with little deterioration or obsolescence evident with a high degree of utility. Excellent: All items that can normally be repaired or refinished have recently been corrected, such as new roofing, paint, furnace overhaul, state-of-the-art components, etc. With no functional inadequacies of any consequence and all major short-lived components in likenew condition, the overall effective age has been substantially reduced upon complete revitalization of the structure regardless of the actual chronological age.

Some of this deterioration is manifesting itself through exterior conditions and visible signs of failing systems. According to Table II.12.44 in the Butler County Profile dated March 19, 20192 (Table 3.4 below), 462 single-family homes are in “Worn Out” or “Badly Worn” condition. That represents 28% of the single-family housing stock in Butler County. In fact, only 6% of the single-family homes in Butler County have been assessed as rated “Good” or higher. These different conditions are defined by the County as follows:

•

Housing conditions are a key element of the quality of life and the physical character of a community. Not surprisingly, housing conditions are affected by a variety of factors including age of the structures, population and household demographics (age and income levels) and social factors such as the communities desires for housing programs such as robust housing and environmental code enforcement or to redevelop vacant properties that create new housing opportunities.

•

Worn Out: Repair and overhaul needed on painted surfaces, roofing, plumbing, heating, numerous functional inadequacies, substandard utilities, etc. This condition is found only in extraordinary circumstances. Excessive deferred maintenance and abuse, limited value-in-use, approaching abandonment or major reconstruction, reuse or change in occupancy is imminent. Effective age of the residence is near the end of the scale regardless of the actual chronological age. Badly Worn: Many repairs needed, with many items needing refinishing or overhauling, deferred maintenance obvious, inadequate building utility and services all shortening the life

•

Table 3.3: Single-family Homes by Year Built and Condition - Butler County/Fiscal Years 1999-2018 PAD Data Single-Family Homes by Year Built and Condition Butler County Fiscal Years 1999–2018 PAD Data

Condition

19311960 6

19611970 4

19711980 2

19811990 0

19912000 2

20012010 0

20112018 0

Total

Worn Out

Before 1931 59

Badly Worn

265

389

Average

545

101

116

124

1,068

Good

101

Very Good

Excellent

Missing

Total

921

149

147

176

104

1,636

http://www.westernes.com/nepdfs/current/Butler%20County.pdf

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

The Butler County Assessor surveys the exterior of every property to determine its condition and ultimately its value for real estate purposes. This assessment data (2017) has been analyzed for the entire county and is discussed extensively in this section. The results of the county assessor’s data, along with the demographic analysis, focus group interviews and housing demand forecast shape the strategy recommendations that are outlined in this housing assessment and strategy plan

does illustrate a gap between what the homeowner thinks the value is worth, versus the Assessor. Typically, the Assessor must establish values that are within 90 – 95% of the sales prices. In addition, the Census only considers owneroccupied units to determine value, where the Assessor looks at all residential structures regardless of tenure. Therefore, the data can’t be compared in an identical manner, but it is interesting to see the variances.

Butler County Housing Conditions According to the 2017 assessor’s data, there were 2075 lots with structures, and 2003 of those lots (96.5%) contained single-family homes within Butler County. 60% of the single-family structures were constructed before 1960, with the median construction year being 1922. These structures are largely within David City and the villages. The nonincorporated areas of the County only have 122 single-family homes, and only nine (9) of those were built prior to 1960. The median year built in the nonincorporated area is 1993.

With 60% of the single-family homes being constructed prior to 1960, one would expect to see environmental hazards present in the home such as asbestos, lead-based paint and Radon. Asbestos and lead-based paint were popular building materials used extensively until the mid-1970’s. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in acoustic and thermal insulation and is most often found in residential homes in pipe and duct insulating wrap. Radon was the only environmental issue discussed as an environmental issue during the focus groups.

The age of the structure typically has a direct relationship on the quality, value and cost of upkeep on a structure. The County Assessor’s data indicates that of the 2003 single-family lots, 92.46% are rated average or below, and none are rated as in excellent condition. 7.54% are rated good, 55.87% are rated average, 24.26% are rated fair, and 12.33% are rated poor.

If properties are allowed to fall into disrepair either because the owner does not have the resources to maintain the structure, or simply through neglect, properties can become extremely delipidated. At some point, if there is no intervention, it may cost more to rehabilitate a structure than it is economically feasible, and in many cases those properties become abandoned.

The average home values deviate significantly between the Census estimate and the County Assessor, which isn’t necessarily uncommon, but

Table 3.4: Median Home Values 2018 Median Home Value David City, NE $113,717

2018 Average Home Value $132,156

2017 Assessor Median Value $85,770

2017 Assessor Average Value $100,842

Abie Village, NE

$97,222

$125,926

$25,045

$31,592

Bellwood Village, NE

$125,000

$145,803

$69,700

$70,891

Brainard Village, NE

$133,889

$154,600

$67,020

$80,726

Bruno Village, NE

$95,833

$122,917

$24,408

$31,808

Dwight Village, NE

$133,929

$153,526

$66,260

$71,746

Garrison Village, NE

$140,000

$197,222

$25,020

$30,790

Linwood Village, NE

$97,500

$127,419

$21,855

$25,298

Octavia Village, NE

$98,077

$125,641

$35,610

$40,064

Rising City Village, NE

$113,000

$165,977

$53,095

$58,550

Surprise Village, NE

$137,500

$175,000

$26,290

$32,640

Ulysses Village, NE

$144,118

$195,833

$22,285

$26,372

Source: Source: ESRI / US Census / Butler County Assessor

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Increasing Vacancies In 2017, the 5-year American Community Survey identified 264 housing units classified as “Vacant – Other” in Butler County and 79 units in David City. Those units are neither for sale or rent and tend to be off the market due to poor condition or abandonment. The 264 units identified by the ACS Census survey are likely contained within the 462 single-family homes in poor condition identified by the Butler County Assessor. Unfortunately, the “Vacant – Other” category has been increasing since 2010 in both Butler County overall and quite dramatically in David City itself: Table 3.5: House Units Identified as “Vacant-Other”

2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Butler County

David City

264 243 184 166 189 208 229 233

79 78 62 60 27 24 24 29

City and the villages. The number of vacant units is expected to increase over the next five years in all jurisdictions within Butler County. ESRI estimates indicate that Butler County will see a 16% increase in vacant homes, and David City will see an astonishing 25% increase over the five year period between 2018—2023. This rate of abandonment does seem plausible if one reviews the drastic increase in the number “vacant-other” that occurred within David City between 2010 and 2017. These increases in abandonment are consistent with an aging housing market that lacks incentives to renovate or replace aging homes. In order to improve the quality of the housing stock in Butler County and David City, these units will need to be addressed. This can be done through either demolition or rehabilitation. Each structure will need to be evaluated for market potential and economic feasibility of renovation.

Source: ESRI / US Census

The table 3.6 below illustrates the increasing number of vacant housing in Butler County, David Table 3.6: Vacant Housing Units

Butler County David City Abie Bellwood Brainard Bruno Dwight Garrison Linwood Octavia Rising City Surprise Ulysses

2010 Vacant Housing Units 662 121 13 20 22 17 14 5 12 4 12 5 31

2018 Vacant Housing Units 772 147 14 28 25 19 16 6 14 6 21 5 32

2023 Vacant Housing Units 894 184 15 36 31 21 20 6 15 9 24 6 35

Net Change 2018 - 2023 122 37 1 8 6 2 4 0 1 3 3 1 3

% change 2018 - 2023 16% 25% 7% 29% 24% 11% 25% 0% 7% 50% 14% 20% 9%

Source: ESRI / US Census

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Employment and Household Income There are two main sources of data for employment and household income, the American Community Survey and the Economic Census. While both are products of the U.S. Census Bureau, they have very different methods of data collection. The American Community Survey respondents are individual households, while the Economic Census collects information directly from businesses. While related, those are fundamentally two distinct data sources. Taken together, their analysis provides a snapshot of a community’s economic health, including job and employment sector trends, including the number of businesses, job growth or decline, average sector wages, household income, types of income, and poverty indicators. Since housing affordability, and the ability to maintain a house is directly related to income, analyzing employment and household incomes are crucial to a comprehensive housing analysis. Income and Jobs Incomes within Butler County, David City and the villages are expected to grow slightly over the next five years. That growth however is not expected to outpace inflation, and depending on how the national economy performs, may actually lag the rate of inflation escalation. If local incomes rise more slowing than inflation, this may lead to a reduction in household buying power, limiting the amount households can spend on housing costs. The economic sector within Butler County is performing well. Between 2010 and 2015, nearly 200 jobs were created, or an increase of nearly 8%.

Recent company expansion announcements and conversations with local leaders point to continued economic expansion in the Butler County region. Continued job growth will place additional pressures on the housing market, necessitating additional housing production to satisfy the demand. Of the over 200 jobs created in Butler County between 2010 and 2015, 169 of those jobs were created in David City. Interestingly, this job growth appears to be well distributed throughout the industry sectors, and not overweight in a area. A well-diversified economy is more resilient during economic contractions and uncertainty, and this type of job growth bodes well for the economic future of the region and David City. The tables on the following pages illustrate the changes to the Butler County and David City employment characteristics. The regional economy has a direct effect on the housing market. Job growth without the corresponding increase in housing units can create pressures on the housing market leading to price inflation and dissatisfaction with the perceived value of the neighborhood. Existing homeowners during these periods of price escalation, may see the upward movements of prices as a great return on their investment, while renters may see the opportunities for homeownership shrink. In addition, potential new residents may see the high housing costs as a reason to look to other communities for employment. Conversely, if there is an economic downturn and corresponding loss of jobs within a

Table 3.7: Per Capita and Household Income Growth - Butler County

Butler County David City Abie Bellwood Brainard Bruno Dwight Garrison Linwood Octavia Rising City Surprise Ulysses

2018-2023 Per Capita Income: Annual Growth Rate

2018-2023 Median Household Income: Annual Growth Rate

1.86% 1.64% 2.15% 1.80% 1.98% 1.98% 2.02% 2.07% 2.13% 2.10% 2.11% 2.16% 2.05%

1.38% 1.76% 3.38% 1.18% 0.84% 3.18% 0.72% 3.16% 2.18% 2.13% 1.71% 0.00% 1.94%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.8: Employment and Income– Lincoln County

Butler County Jobs Profile Report Total Primary Jobs

Total Primary Jobs

Count 2,509

2015 Share 100.0%

Count 2,325

2010 Share 100.0%

Count 519 1,285 705

2015 Share 20.7% 51.2% 28.1%

Count 542 1,223 560

2010 Share 23.3% 52.6% 24.1%

Jobs by Worker Age

Age 29 or younger Age 30 to 54 Age 55 or older Jobs by Earnings

2015 Count Share 466 18.6% 994 39.6% 1,049 41.8%

$1,250 per month or less $1,251 to $3,333 per month More than $3,333 per month Jobs by NAICS Industry Sector

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Transportation and Warehousing Information Finance and Insurance Real Estate and Rental and Leasing Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Management of Companies and Enterprises Administration & Support, Waste Management and Remediation Educational Services Health Care and Social Assistance Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Accommodation and Food Services Other Services (excluding Public Administration) Public Administration

Count 143 2 20 119 686 296 152 46 0 66 1 35 0 27 218 370 3 77 37 211

2015 Share 5.7% 0.1% 0.8% 4.7% 27.3% 11.8% 6.1% 1.8% 0.0% 2.6% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 1.1% 8.7% 14.7% 0.1% 3.1% 1.5% 8.4%

2010 Count Share 512 22.0% 1,118 48.1% 695 29.9%

Count 143 2 21 63 645 127 246 43 4 81 1 41 0 24 247 336 3 92 25 181

2010 Share 6.2% 0.1% 0.9% 2.7% 27.7% 5.5% 10.6% 1.8% 0.2% 3.5% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% 1.0% 10.6% 14.5% 0.1% 4.0% 1.1% 7.8%

(D) - Disclosure Issues Source: US Census County Business Patterns - 2016

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.9: David City Jobs Profile

David City Jobs Profile Report Total Primary Jobs

Total Primary Jobs Jobs by Worker Age

Age 29 or younger Age 30 to 54 Age 55 or older

Count 1,655

2010 Share 100.0%

2015 Count Share 406 22.3% 939 51.5% 479 26.3%

Count 390 887 378

2010 Share 23.6% 53.6% 22.8%

Count 330 760 734

2015 Share 18.1% 41.7% 40.2%

Count 315 822 518

2010 Share 19.0% 49.7% 31.3%

Count 0 1 20 66 657 32 145 29 0 50 1 27 0 12 147 366 0 66 22 183

2015 Share 0.0% 0.1% 1.1% 3.6% 36.0% 1.8% 7.9% 1.6% 0.0% 2.7% 0.1% 1.5% 0.0% 0.7% 8.1% 20.1% 0.0% 3.6% 1.2% 10.0%

Count 6 0 21 20 628 18 111 33 4 50 1 29 0 1 155 329 3 73 11 162

2010 Share 0.4% 0.0% 1.3% 1.2% 37.9% 1.1% 6.7% 2.0% 0.2% 3.0% 0.1% 1.8% 0.0% 0.1% 9.4% 19.9% 0.2% 4.4% 0.7% 9.8%

Count 1,824

Jobs by Earnings

$1,250 per month or less $1,251 to $3,333 per month More than $3,333 per month Jobs by NAICS Industry Sector

2015 Share 100.0%

(D) - Disclosure Issues Source: US Census County Business Patterns - 2016

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

community, there will be downward pressures on the housing market pushing values lower because demand has lessened. Homeowners may see this as a loss in their equity, while renter households may see this as an opportunity to move into homeownership where previously they were priced out.

Butler County Villages Tables 3.12 - Tables 3.20 on the following pages illustrate the cost burden impacting households within the various Butler County villages. It is important to note that these are US Census estimates and the margin of error is higher for the smaller villages.

Housing Cost Burden

Table 3.11: David City Housing Cost Burden

In high cost areas, housing costs can be a significant portion of a households monthly or annual income. House cost burden is a concept that analyzes housing costs (rent or mortgage payments, utilities, insurance, property taxes and any association fees) as a percentage of income. In general, a household is considered cost burdened if they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and severely cost burdened if they are paying more than 50% of their income toward housing costs. Households experiencing cost burdens may be more prone to h omelessness or forecl osure , deferr ed maintenance, and the inability to spend their income on other needs. Butler County As illustrated by the table below, there are 295 households (nearly 20%) that are considered cost burden within Butler County. It is likely that those households would move to less expensive if it were available in the County, thus a portion of those 295 households are included in the housing demand forecast. Table 3.10: Butler County Housing Cost Burden Housing Cost Burden

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30% Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

835 139

385 43

1220 182

Cost Burden >50%

113

Cost Burden not available

Total

1045

465

1510

Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30% Cost Burden >30% to <=50% Cost Burden >50%

Owner 639 105 18

Renter 200 80 85

Total 839 185 103

Cost Burden not available Total

0 765

20 390

20 1155

Source: ESRI / US Census

At Risk Households Another key factor to examine are those households at risk of entering into a housing crisis, becoming homeless, or due to income constraints not able to maintain their housing. The poverty rate estimate in Butler County is lower than the overall state of Nebraska poverty rate estimate (7.8% v. 12%). David City’s estimated poverty rate is higher than Butler County at 9.7%, but still below the state of Nebraska’s poverty rate. Those households tend to be the highest risk for homelessness because they are living on the financial edge and may have issues of income, food and housing insecurity. The households likely require deeply subsidized housing to keep their housing expenses below 30% of the household income. This subsidy can be in the form of public housing, or private housing with rent subsidy contracts. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing fully accessible or visit able.

Source: ESRI / US Census

David City David City is the largest community within Butler County, and therefore it is not surprising that the cost burden estimates closely mirror the county. However, as a percentage of total households, David City has a higher concentration of cost burden households than the county (24.9% compared to 19.5%). This higher concentration indicates a need to focus workforce housing and/ or affordable housing developments in David City. 22

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.12: Abie Housing Cost Burden Abie Village Housing Cost Burden

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Total

Renter

Total

Table 3.13: Bellwood Housing Cost Burden Bellwood Village Owner Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30%

117

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

4 115

0 30

4 145

Renter

Total

115

Cost Burden not available Total

Table 3.14: Brainard Housing Cost Burden Brainard Village Owner Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30% 89 Cost Burden >30% to <=50% 8 Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available Total

0 105

0 40

0 145

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available

Total

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available Total

0 70

4 15

4 85

Table 3.15: Bruno Housing Cost Burden Bruno Village Housing Cost Burden

Table 3.16: Dwight Housing Cost Burden Dwight Village Housing Cost Burden

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.16: Linwood Housing Cost Burden Linwood Village

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available

Total

Owner

Renter

Total

124

136

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

0 130

0 10

0 140

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available

Total

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available Total

0 50

0 4

0 60

Owner

Renter

Total

Cost Burden >30% to <=50%

Cost Burden >50%

Cost Burden not available

Total

110

Housing Cost Burden

Table 3.17: Rising City Housing Cost Burden Rising City Village Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30%

Cost Burden not available Total Table 3.18: Surprise Housing Cost Burden Surprise Village Housing Cost Burden

Table 3.19: Octavia Housing Cost Burden Octavia Village Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30%

Table 3.20: Ulysses Housing Cost Burden Ulysses Village Housing Cost Burden Cost Burden <=30%

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.21: Household Income Butler County

David City

1.86%

1.64%

1.38%

1.76%

2018 Household Income less than $15,000

322

166

2018 Household Income $15,000-$24,999

265

2018 Household Income $25,000-$34,999

350

118

2018 Household Income $35,000-$49,999

590

232

2018 Household Income $50,000-$74,999

705

209

2018 Household Income $75,000-$99,999

410

2018 Household Income $100,000-$149,999

423

112

2018 Household Income $150,000-$199,999

118

2018 Household Income $200,000 or greater

3,281

1,125

233

126

3,246

1,115

2018-2023 Per Capita Income: Annual Growth Rate 2018-2023 Median Household Income: Annual Growth Rate

2018 Households by Income Base 2012-2016 ACS Households Receiving Food Stamps/ SNAP 2012-2016 ACS Households Not Receiving Food Stamps/SNAP Source: ESRI / US Census

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.22: David City Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) Income by Housing Problems (Owners and Renters)

Household Income <= 30% HAMFI Household Income >30% to <=50% HAMFI Household Income >50% to <=80% HAMFI Household Income >80% to <=100% HAMFI Household Income >100% HAMFI Total Income by Housing Problems (Renters only)

120 95 80 20 40 355 Household has at least 1 of 4 Housing Problems

100 65 30 0 0 195 Household has at least 1 of 4 Housing Problems

Household has none of 4 Housing Problems

Cost Burden not available no other housing problems

19 65 120 100 470 775 Household has none of 4 Housing Problems

20 0 0 0 0 20 Cost Burden not available no other housing problems

15 40 20 10 85 175 Household has none of 4 Housing Problems

Total

160 165 200 115 510 1155

Total

20 0 0 0 0 20 Cost Burden not available no other housing problems

135 105 50 10 85 390

Total

Household Income <= 30% HAMFI Household Income >30% to <=50% HAMFI Household Income >50% to <=80% HAMFI

20 30 50

4 25 100

0 0 0

25 60 150

Household Income >80% to <=100% HAMFI Household Income >100% HAMFI Total Income by Cost Burden (Owners and Renters)

20 40 160

90 385 600

0 0 0

105 425 765

Household Income <= 30% HAMFI Household Income >30% to <=50% HAMFI Household Income >50% to <=80% HAMFI Household Income >80% to <=100% HAMFI Household Income >100% HAMFI Total

Household has at least 1 of 4 Housing Problems

Cost burden > 30% 120 95 44 20 15 294

Cost burden > 50% 85 20 4 0 0 109

Cost Cost burden > burden > 30% 50% 100 75 65 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 165 85 Cost Cost burden > burden > 30% 50% 14 4 30 10 44 4 20 0 15 0 123 18

Total 160 165 200 115 510 1155 Total 135 105 50 10 85 390 Total 25 60 150 105 425 765

When examining housing problems vs. income, 83% of ALL HOUSEHOLDS with at least 1 of 4 identified housing problems belonged to households earning less than 80% of the Median Income; nearly 40% of them earned less than 30% of the HAMFI. Overall, 25% of ALL Households were earning less than 80% of HAMFI and living in a house with 1 of 4 housing problems. Applying the same concepts to rentals only, 100% of renters in a homes reporting at least 1 of 4 housing problems were earning 80% OR LESS of the HAMFI for David City. Nearly 50% of ALL RENTERS earned 80% of HAMFI and lived in a housing unit with at least 1 of the 4 housing problems.

Nearly 62% of all owner-occupied households with at least 1 of 4 housing problems were earning 80% or less of the local HAMFI. Overall, nearly 13% of all owneroccupied households were earning 80% of the HAMFI.

Overall, 22% of ALL HOUSEHOLDS earning 80% or less of the HAMFI had a Housing Cost Burden. In addition, 10% of ALL HOUSEHOLDS were earning less than 30% of the HAMFI.

Of the rental households with a cost burden, 100% of these households were earning 80% or less of the HAMFI.

Regarding owner-occupied households having a housing cost burden, 71% earned 80% or less of the HAMFI. However, 12% were earning a rate greater than 100% of the HAMFI.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Neighborhood Conditions The following charts and maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units in David City and the villages within Butler County. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database.

Butler County Overview The data found in Table 3.24 and Table 3.25 on the next two page examines the housing conditions and types within the Butler County villages and David City by neighborhood. The data has been download from the Butler County Assessor’s database. These data are critical since the future demand for housing is not simply limited to the demand but also includes the need for replacement units. Age As discussed previously, the housing stock within Butler County is old and continues to age. The majority of the single family structures were constructed prior to 1960, with the median construction year being 1916. As the table below indicates, within some of the villages over 75% of the housing stock was constructed prior to 1960. While age of the structure does not necessarily relate to quality, there are potential concerns with older homes. First, these structures likely have failing Table 3.23: Single-Family Construction Years

Single-Family Year Built Statistics Percentage Constructed Before 1960 Abie Bellwood Brainard Bruno David City North South

Dwight Garrison Linwood Loma Octavia Rising City Surprise Ulysses Town Total Rural

Total Number Median Year Constructed Constructed Before 1960

74% 50% 62% 79% 63% 59% 68% 65% 75% 62% 100% 66% 62% 79% 78%

29 81 93 41 615 309 306 68 21 26 6 31 98 15 77

1910 1957 1920 1910 1930 1948 1920 1920 1910 1919

64%

1201

1916

1993

Source: Butler County Auditor

mechanical components such as roofs, windows, and HVAC systems if they haven’t been maintained over the years. Secondly, older homes, especially those constructed prior to 1975 are likely to have environmental issues such as poor wall and attic insulation, Asbestos, and Lead-based Paint. Asbestos and Lead-based paint was widely used in residential construction until the mid-1970’s. Asbestos was widely used as insulating wrap around pipes and duct work, and can be found in many older homes. The presence of these materials can raise the cost of renovations significantly, or pose significant health risks if not handled in an appropriate manner. Housing Variety As illustrated by Table 3.24 on the text page, there is almost no housing diversity within Butler County, which is not surprising given the age of the structures and the rural nature of the villages. Overall, 97% of the county’s housing stock is singlefamily. What little housing diversity that does exist is largely located in David City, where approximately 4% of the housing units are non single-family, or clearly rental housing. Based on the focus group interviews, increasing the diversity of housing including building additional duplexes or townhomes, should be a goal of the community and a key component of the housing strategy. Quality Table 3.25 on page 29 summarizes the qualitycondition index of the single-family homes within the various jurisdictions of Butler County. Of particular interest is that the Butler County assessor’s data indicates that there are no single-family homes rated as “Excellent” within the County. Also of note, is that 92% of the structures are rates as average or worse, and that 12% are rated as poor. In order to improve the quality of the housing stock, redevelopment should a major component in a comprehensive housing strategy. The redevelopment portion of this strategy involves a couple of approaches, including: • Condemnation and demolition • Rehabilitation There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Chapter.

1900 1920 1900 1900

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 3.24: Housing Type by Butler County Jurisdiction

Housing Type By Jurisdiction Structures

Single Percent Single Commercial Low Rise Multi- Townhouse / Percent MultiFamily Family Single Family Family Duplex Family

Abie Bellwood Brainard Bruno David City North South Dwight Garrison Linwood Loma Octavia Rising City Surprise Ulysses Town Total Rural

40 166 156 52 1031 549 482 106 28 42 6 48 159 20 99 1953 122

39 162 151 52 975 528 447 104 28 42 6 47 157 19 99 1881 122

98% 98% 97% 100% 95% 96% 93% 98% 100% 100% 100% 98% 99% 95% 100% 96% 100%

Grand Total

2075

2003

97%

1 1 1

3 2

16 6 10

21 5 16 1

2 19 10 9 1

1 1

0% 2% 2% 0% 4% 2% 5% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 2% 0%

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

84 29 55

29%

12%

25%

33%

50%

19%

11%

21%

26%

12%

19%

12%

Brainard

Bruno

David City

North

South

Dwight

Garrison

Linwood

Loma

Octavia

Rising City

Surprise

Ulysses

Town Total

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Rural

Grand Total 247

224

10%

Bellwood

31%

Abie

24%

14%

25%

24%

32%

34%

21%

38%

43%

19%

25%

18%

21%

37%

28%

31%

23%

486

469

112

207

56%

57%

56%

43%

42%

51%

60%

50%

29%

32%

61%

55%

66%

61%

33%

56%

44%

Percent Number Percent Number Percent Poor Poor Fair Fair Average Quality Quality Quality Quality Quality

Quality-Condition Index

1119

1050

248

347

595

Number Average Quality

11%

12%

11%

Percent Good Quality

151

138

Number Good Quality

Percent Excellent Quality

Number Excellent Quality

0.21

0.33

0.20

0.12

0.10

0.00

0.41

0.19

0.46

0.31

0.03

0.35

0.06

0.05

Ratio G/ E:F/P

Table 3.25: Housing Quality by Butler County Jurisdiction

David City David City accounts for approximately 1/3rd of the households within Butler County, and with the exception of Bellwood Village, has some of the youngest housing stock. The maps on the following pages graphically illustrate the quality-condition index, residential type, age, and value of the housing by parcel. Where appropriate, attributes are also compared to the overall Butler County median values. Due its geographic size David City is divided into two sections: David City North, and David City South.

however, 12.3% are rated “poor”. This equates to 280 structures rated average or better and only 55 rated as in poor condition, nearly twice as many as David City North. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is 0.19, which means the percentage of structures rated “good” and “excellent” is only 19% of those rated as “fair” and “poor”. Stated another way, there are nearly five times as many structures rated “fair” and “poor” as there are rated “good” and “excellent”. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

David City North The assessor’s data indicates that 76.5% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and only 5.5% are rated “poor”. This equates to 404 structures rated average or better and only 29 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/ Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is 0.46, which means the percentage of structures rated “good” and “excellent” is slightly less than half of the percentage rated as “fair” and “poor”. Stated another way, there are nearly twice as many structures rated “fair” and “poor” as there are rated “good” and “excellent”. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

Figure 3.5 on page 34 indicates the Mean Housing Value within this neighborhood is $94,916 compared to David City’s overall Mean Housing Value of $100,842. The southern portion of David City’s mean housing value is 170% of the County’s overall mean housing value.

Figure 3.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within this neighborhood is $105,859 compared to David City’s overall Mean Housing Value of $100,842. The northern portion of David City’s mean housing value is 189% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 3.3 on page make-up is as follows: • Single-family • Multiple Units • Duplexes

32 indicates the residential

Figure 3.6 on page make-up is as follows: • Single-family • Multiple Units • Duplexes

35 indicates the residential 94.6% 2.1% 3.3%

Overall, the vast majority of land use in David City South is residential, with a concentration of commercial uses within the center of the City. Figure 3.7 on page 36 illustrates the relative age of each structure within David City South. 68% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is less than the overall County, which is 63.9%. The map also shows how the city developed outward, with the newer construction generally located in the northeast section of the map.

98% 1% 1%

Overall, the vast majority of land use in David City North is residential, with a large concentration of commercial uses on the northern edge of the City. Figure 3.4 on page 33 illustrates the relative age of each structure within David City North. 58.5% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is less than the overall County, which is 63.9%. The map also shows how the city developed outward, with the newer construction generally located in the northeast section of the map. David City South The assessor’s data indicates that 62.6% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better,

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.2: Quality—Condition, David City: North Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.3: Housing Type, David City: North Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.4: Housing Age, David City: North Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.5: Housing Type, David City: South Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.6: Housing Type, David City: South Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 3.7: Housing Age, David City: South Neighborhood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

The demand for additional housing, and housing to support David City and Butler County’s employment base is strong, and the need will not be filled under the current rate of new construction. The addition of new housing product can be completed through new construction, or the substantial rehabilitation of units not currently on the market. As discussed, previously, over the last seven years, the housing market has further tightened, and the current combined sales and rental vacancy rates in Butler County and David City equate to an overall effective housing vacancy rate of only 1.01 and 0.9% respectively. These low rates are due to a lack of housing product available within the Butler County and David City market. A healthy housing market should have an effective vacancy rate of between 5% and 7%. Below, we discuss the potential housing demand and production needs to achieve an effective vacancy rate between 5% and 7%.

Butler County Analysis According to the most recent Census estimate from ESRI2, we calculate there were approximately 26 for sale units and 6 rental units available at any given time in 2018, see Table 4.1. This lack of available units can negatively impact economic development and employee attraction and retention, and also people’s quality of life if they are unable to find suitable housing for their current life stage. To calculate the potential housing demand, we look at the current effective vacancy rates for rental and ownership units, which currently is 0.9% and 1.0% respectively. We then calculate the number of units needed to bring those effective rates into an acceptable range. For our calculations we used target vacancy ranges (low, average, high) based on historic vacancy rates in the Midwest4. For rental housing the average vacancy is approximately 8% and for ownership units, 1.5%.

The effective vacancy rate is a measure of the actual number of vacant properties that are available for sale or rent. The effective vacancy rate excludes property es that are for occasional or seasonal use, housing for migrant workers, and properties that fall into the “other” category which are ones that are neither for sale or rent and are typically abandoned properties. 1

2 3

Date from ERSI Business Analyst – Lincoln County, Nebraska Community Profile. http://www.westernes.com/pdfs/Lincoln%20County.pdf

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 4.1: Butler County Housing Demand Current Rates Butler County Rental Vacancy Rate Ownership Vacancy Rate Effective Vacancy Rate

0.90% 1.00% 0.98%

For sale units Rental Units Total Available Units

26 6 32

Current Needs

Net Demand

Target Low 6% 1.0%

Target Average 8% 1.5%

Target High 10% 2%

Low vacancy 6% 1.0%

Average Vacancy 8% 1.5%

High Vacancy 10% 2%

26 38 65

40 51 91

53 64 117

0 33 33

13 45 59

26 58 85

Source: MPC and CPI 2018

The table above is divided into three sections: Current Rates; Current Needs; Net Production Demand. Current Rates are the current effective vacancy rates and available units according the 2017 ACS. Current Needs are the number of units required to achieve the target effective vacancy rates for ownership or rental housing. Net Production demand is the number of Current Needs units, less the number of units currently available. To satisfy the current demand and bring the effective vacancy rate to between 5% and 7%, we estimate between 33 and 85 new units need to be brought on line immediately. The for-sale and rental units split is illustrated in Table 4.2: Table 4.2: Net Production Demand Butler County: New For sale units New Rental Units Total New Units Effective Vacancy Rate Source: MPC and CPI 2018

Net Production Demand 0 33 33 4%

13 45 59 5%

26 58 85 7%

This considers the number of units currently on market either for sale or rent. These new units can be either new construction or substantial rehabilitation of vacant properties. Total housing demand estimates should also include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners. Within Butler County there are: 87 rental households and 208 owner households that are cost burdened. According to the Census, there are 0 rental households and 12 owner households living in substandard housing. However, it is likely the Census is undercounting the number of renter

households in substandard housing We estimate 15% of these existing costs burdened rental and 5% of owner households would add into the demand for new housing product across all income spectrums. In addition, we estimate that 10% of the substandard housing stock can be replaced and is added to the demand. Lastly, there is the opportunity to capture a share of workers that commute into Butler County, but do no currently live there. According to the Census, in 2015 there were 1,093 people working in, but residing outside of Butler County. We estimate that conservatively, 0.5% of those individuals could add to the total demand. Therefore, the total universe for current housing demand in Butler County is illustrated in the table below:

Table 4.3: Butler County Total Demand Butler County Total Demand Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate New For sale units 5% of cost burdened owners 10% of substandard ownership units Total ownership demand

Net Demand 1.0% 0 10 1 11

1.5% 13 10 1 24

2% 26 10 1 37

Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters 10 % of substandard rental units Total rental demand

6% 33 13 0 46

8% 45 13 0 58

10% 58 13 0 71

Commuter capture .5% Total potential housing demand

5 62

5 87

5 113

Source: MPC and CPI 2018 4

https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/index.html

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

We estimate there is a potential housing demand in Lincoln County of between 62 and 113 new or replacement units, with the strongest demand being for new rental units.

Butler Co. Workforce Housing Demand

David City Analysis According to the most recent Census estimate from ESRI5, we calculate there were approximately 8 for sale units and 3 rental units available at any given time in 2018.

The table below estimates the potential demand for workforce housing is targeted in with the Nebraska Rural Workforce Housing Fund. Total housing demand estimates include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners earning above 80% AMI. Within Butler County there are: 0 rental households and 40 owner households that either are cost burdened or live in substandard housing, or both. We estimate 5% of these existing owner households would add into the demand for new workforce housing.

To calculate the potential housing demand, we look at the current effective vacancy rates for rental and ownership units, which currently is 0.98% and 1.0% respectively. We then calculate the number of units needed to bring those effective rates into an acceptable range. Again, for our calculations we used target vacancy ranges (low, average, high) based on historic vacancy rates in the Midwest. For rental housing the average vacancy is approximately 10% and for ownership units, 2%. To be conservative, we’ve used a slightly lower number than the historic averages.

Therefore, the total demand universe for workforce housing is illustrated on the table below:

Table 4.5 is divided into three sections: Current Rates; Current Needs; Net Production Demand. Current Rates are the current effective vacancy rates and available units according the 2017 ACS. Current Needs are the number of units required to achieve the target effective vacancy rates for ownership or rental housing. Net Production demand is the number of Current Needs units, less the number of units currently available.

We estimate there is a potential workforce housing demand in Butler County of between 35 and 86 units. The greatest potential demand is within the rental market. Table 4.4: Butler County Workforce Housing - Net Demand Butler County Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate

Net Demand 1.0%

1.5%

Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units Total rental demand

6% 33 33

8% 45 45

10% 58 58

Total potential housing demand

New For sale units 5% of cost burdened or substandard owners over 80% AMI Total ownership demand

Source: MPC and CPI 2018

Within Butler County, there are 710 households that earn over 80% AMI. New workforce housing should be developed in a manner where no household is spending over 30% of their income on housing costs so that these households are not cost burdened and they are less likely to face financial pressures.

To satisfy the current demand and bring the effective vacancy rate to between 5% and 7%, we estimate between 17 and 37 new units need to be brought on line immediately. The for-sale and rental units split is illustrated in Table 4.6. This considers the number of units currently on market either for sale or rent. These new units can be either new construction or substantial rehabilitation of vacant properties. Total housing demand estimates should also include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners. Within David City there are: 165 rental households and 123 owner households having a cost burdened. We estimate that 15% of these existing cost burdened rental and owner households would add into the demand for new housing product across all income spectrums. Within David City there are 37 substandard ownership units and 30 substandard rental units. We estimate 10% of the substandard housing stock can be replaced and is added to the demand. Therefore, the total universe for current housing demand in David City is illustrated in Table 4.7.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 4.5: David City Net Demand Current Needs David City Rental Vacancy Rate Ownership Vacancy Rate Effective Vacancy Rate For sale units Rental Units Total Available Units

Current Rates 0.9% 1.0% 0.98% 8 3 11

Current Demand

Target Low 6% 1.0%

Target Average 8% 1.5%

Target High 10% 2%

Low vacancy 6% 1.0%

Average Vacancy 8% 1.5%

High Vacancy 10% 2%

8 19 27

12 26 38

16 32 48

0 17 17

4 23 27

8 29 37

Source: MPC and CPI 2018

We estimate there is a potential housing demand in David City between 66 and 87 new or replacement units, with the optimal mix being 77 units comprised of 26 ownership units and 51 rental units. Table 4.6: Net Production Demand David City New For sale units New Rental Units Total New Units Source: MPC and CPI 2019

Net Production Demand 0 17 17

4 23 27

8 29 37

David City Total Demand

Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate

Net Demand 1.0% 0 18 4 22

1.5% 4 18 4 26

2% 8 18 4 30

Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters 10 % of substandard rental units Total rental demand

6% 17 25 3 44

8% 23 25 3 51

10% 29 25 3 57

Total potential housing demand

Source: MPC and CPI 2019

David City Workforce Housing Demand Table 4.8 estimates the potential demand for workforce housing that is targeted in with the Nebraska Rural Workforce Housing Fund. Total housing demand estimates include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners earning above 80% AMI. Within David City there are: 195 rental households and 160 owner households that either are cost burdened or live in substandard housing, or both. We estimate 15% of these existing owner households would add into the demand for new workforce housing. We estimate one could capture 50% of the cost burdened rental households over time, if the right product is developed.

Table 4.8: David City Workforce Housing Net Demand David City

Table 4.7: David City Total Demand Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate New For sale units 15% of cost burdened owners 10% of substandard ownership units Total ownership demand

Therefore, the total demand universe for workforce housing is illustrated on Table 4.8. The Butler County and David City Housing Needs Assessment also includes all of the incorporated villages within Butler County. These include: Abie, Bellwood, Brainard, Bruno, Dwight, Garrison, Linwood, Octavia, Rising City, Surprise, and Ulysses.

Net Demand 1.0%

1.5%

Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters over 80% AMI 10 % of substandard rental units over 80% AMI Total rental demand

6% 17

8% 23

10% 29

Total potential housing demand

New For sale units 15% of cost burdened owners over 80% AMI 10% of substandard ownership units over 80% AMI Total ownership demand

Source: MPC and CPI 2019

Each village will be examined similarly to David City; however, in some cases the data has a greater margin or error than the actual population of the village. Therefore, those villages with less than 100 households will not have a house demand calculation.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

The previous chapters discussed the existing and past conditions regarding housing and related economics within David City and Butler County. The immediately preceding chapter discusses the actual demand for new and replacement housing for both David City and Butler County. As David City and Butler County move forward with meeting these demands there are several things needing done in order to better meet this demand in the next three to five years. The following pages are recommendations for better implementing the findings of this Housing Needs Assessment. Some people may say it is not the role of government to provide safe, decent housing in the community; however, it is the role of government to aid to bringing programs to the community to be available to the residents and developers. It is also the role of government to ensure a sound fiscal government; therefore, decent, quality housing will only increase the overall property values of the community. Since Nebraska communities and counties are so dependent upon property taxes, increases of this nature will aid in balancing the overall tax burden of David City and Butler County.

Public Policy Recommendations Code Enforcement Property maintenance and code enforcement issues were raised as a concern by almost every stakeholder group interviewed. The impression by many stakeholders, whether real or perceived, is the City and County allow landlords to operate with impunity and there is little to no urgency or interest in the enforcement of property maintenance codes. This perception is causing two issues: 1) It is eroding the confidence in many stakeholders regarding the commitment of the City to operate in the best interest of its residents. 2) It can, or maybe already is, embolden bad actors to continue to operate in a manner that takes advantage of some of the most vulnerable residents of the community. Key recommendations: 1. The City and County should continue to take a more proactive approach towards its property maintenance enforcement. While this may cause initial consternation, the housing stock in Butler County continues to age and deteriorate. All efforts are necessary to maintain a highquality housing product to protect the neighborhoods from losing value and protect residents from unsanitary or unsafe living

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

conditions. 2. Amend the penalties section of the property maintenance to make violations of the Housing Maintenance and Occupancy Code criminal penalties rather than civil violations. The code should specify that each violation is a separate office with fines of $100.00 per violation, per day. Criminal citations are easier to enforce and often result in quicker compliance than a civil infraction. The City of Hastings is currently running a similar program.

Inclusive Housing Requirements for Large Projects Explore creating an inclusive housing ordinance requiring a certain number of units in larger residential projects be set aside for low- and moderate-income households. We recommend projects with 10 or more units be required to set aside 20% of the units for households at 80% AMI or below for rental projects, and 120% below for ownership developments. The affordability would be enforced by deed restriction running with the land for a term not less than 30 years. In exchange for the exaction, the developer would be granted a density bonus to offset the lost revenue due to the lower sales prices of the income restricted units.

Land banking and Redevelopment There is a growing number of vacant and abandoned properties needing to be addressed in Butler County and David City. Within Lincoln County, approximately 265 properties are categorized by the U.S. Census as “Vacant – Other”, indicating those properties are neither forsale or for-rent. Unfortunately, many of these properties are likely abandoned, and intervention will be necessary to arrest the decline of the individual properties and the surrounding neighborhood. Nebraska Revised Statue 19-5201 – 19-5218, known as the Nebraska Municipal Land Bank Act, authorizes larger municipalities within Nebraska to establish land banks for the purpose of facilitating the return of vacant, abandoned and tax delinquent property to productive use. Land banks have been an effective tool around the country to intervene in housing market in order to facilitate the redevelopment of vacant and abandoned property. Currently, Butler County is not authorized by the legislature to establish a land bank, but LB 854, during the 2017/2018 session, and LB 424 during the 2019/2020 session. LB 424 died during the long

session during 2019 and will be difficult to resurrect in January. These bills would have authorized smaller jurisdictions such as David City and Butler County to establish their own land banks. This is a powerful tool, and passage of LB 424 should be encouraged by Butler County and David City. Some of the recommendations below are predicated on the ability of Butler County to establish its own land bank. A land bank is a quasi-governmental organization whose sole purpose is to address issues of vacant property and facilitate the redevelopment of neighborhoods. The land bank is overseen by a seven-member board and has all the authority of private corporation to acquire, sell, lease rehabilitate, and construct or demolish real and personal property. Typically, land banks work with the County to acquire vacant, tax delinquent properties through tax lien sales. The benefit of a land bank is the County can sell the lien directly to the land bank, instead of opening the bids to outside real estate speculators who may do nothing and allow the properties to continue to languish. The land bank has the ability to acquire debt to facilitate the redevelopment efforts and hold the property in a tax-exempt manner while the property is being redeveloped. In addition, since the land bank acts like a private entity, it can often be more responsive and faster than a municipality. There is also a self-funding mechanism in place to facilitate the operations of the land bank. For a period of five years after a property is redeveloped and sold, the land bank receives up to 50% of the property tax revenue generated by said property. This funding mechanism incents the landbank to undertake redevelopment actions and not speculatively hold property. Recommendations: 1. Encourage the Nebraska Legislature to expand the land bank authorizations to counties and municipalities such as Butler County and David City; 2. Establish a committee to begin the process of evaluating the feasibility of organizing a Butler County Land Bank, its purpose, mission and operating parameters. 3. Begin discussions with the County Treasurer on establishing a land bank and working through the logistics of authorizing the land bank to give automatically accepted bids to the Treasure tax liens;

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Modular and Manufactured Housing Today’s modular and manufactured housing factories can modify almost any set of plans and home design to be constructed in an off-site manufacturing facility. Designs can be contemporary or modern. All of the pictures on this page are examples of modular homes constructed in Indiana. One of the many concerns expressed was the high cost of construction and lack of quality subcontractors. Modular and manufactured housing (industrialized units) can help bridge this gap. Typically, there are two types of industrialized housing products: modular housing, which is constructed using a state adopted building code, and manufactured housing, which is constructed using a HUD approved building code. For the

Recommendations: 1. Explore partnerships with the Nebraska Manufactured Housing Association to work with local housing manufactures to develop a palette of neighborhood context sensitive home plans that can be constructed on infill lots;

Existing Comprehensive Plan and Zoning Regulations

purposes of this report we will use the generic term “industrialized housing” to refer to both. Generally speaking, industrialized housing can cost between 10% - 20% less than conventional site-built housing, and depending on the type of product, can be more energy-efficient than conventionally constructed housing. Note however, the customization options are significantly limited, so this is probably not a product for the upper-end

The City of David City has been making strides to allow smaller lots for single-family dwellings; however, the existing comprehensive plan and zoning are in need of being revisited and updated in order to stay ahead of housing demands, especially “affordable” and “workforce” housing. Some keys are: 1. Ensure all residential districts are fair and equal and no specific exclusionary language exists in one district or another. 2. Ensure the inclusive residential districts are equally allocated within all portions of the community. 3. Residential types, stick-built and manufactured homes, should be equally allowed in all residential districts. Any limitations should be controlled specifically by covenants apply by the developer or a home owners association.

Financial Tools and Incentives Development of Specific Programs First and foremost the City and County need to be more involved in providing housing assistance through the various housing programs available in Nebraska.

price points, but is a good option for entry-level and moderately priced new construction.

Develop an Owner Occupied Rehab Secure state and federal funds to establish a grant program providing up to $25,000 per qualified household in the form of a forgivable second mortgage. The second mortgage is in place for 10 years and is completely forgiven if the homeowner

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

resides in the house for the full 10 years. Repairs include replacing or repairing roofs, HVAC, plumbing, electrical systems, replacing windows, adding insulation. Essentially LCCDC brings the home up to code. We also partner with the Weatherization Program. Over the years we have completed 65 OOR projects. Development of a County-wide Development Corporation (CDC) The City of David City, the Villages, and Butler County need to examine the development of a county-wide development corporation that focuses strictly on new housing and housing rehab. This is different than Butler County Development Corporation which is focused on county-wide economic development. There are several models within Nebraska to examine. Develop a Purchase Rehab Resale The newly formed Butler County Community Development Corporation, if developed, could buy an existing house in need of repair, rehab it and then sells it to first time home buyer with down payment and closing cost assistance. In some cases within Nebraska, the houses in this program are given to CDC. These homes can be moved to another site and placed upon new foundations. The home is then rehabbed with typically a new roof, new windows, new plumbing, HVAC, electrical, insulation, remodeling of the kitchen and bathrooms, new paint and flooring throughout the house. One good example is Lincoln County Community Development Corporation (LCCDC). LCCDC has partnered with developers including Perry-Reid, Opportunity Builders and Dana Point to bring rental and market rate home ownership projects to the North Platte community. These partnership projects have resulted in 170 housing units, a portion of which are designated as affordable, rented or sold to 80% or less Area Median Income. • Pacific Place Apartments (Perry-Reid)—64 units • The Village at North Platte Apartments (Opportunity Builders)—49 units • Parkland Estates (Dana Point)—new construction subdivision of market rate and affordable houses developed for sale—57 units constructed. Develop a Rental Rehab Program Another opportunity for a CDC is to build and rehabilitated rental units in Butler County. These units are then rented to low-moderate income households.

Develop a Similar Program to the North Platte Area Chamber and Development Shot in the Arm Program The “shot in the Arm” program in North Platte is in its second phase and has seen great success. A lot of the programs funding has come from local employers and grants from the State of Nebraska. The following is a description of their program: Shot in the Arm Program Keys to the Shot in the Arm Program are as follows: • A developer must commit to constructing at least two new housing units (4 was the requirement in Phase 1). The homes cannot be owner occupied and cannot have already been permitted. • The housing units must be reasonably ready for occupancy by the summer of 2020. • North Platte and all Lincoln County villages are eligible to participate. Houses must be constructed within their zoning jurisdictions (state rules). • For sale or for lease (rent) are both eligible. • The homes must sell for less than $275,000. Multi-unit apartments cannot cost more than $200,000 per unit to construct. Housing structures must be a minimum of 1,400 square feet with two car garage. • Single family houses can qualify for $12,000 in incentives (if state funding is approved). • Townhomes (duplexes) can qualify for $12,000 per side. • Multi-unit structures (over 2 units) can qualify for “up to” $6,000 per living unit. • Modular Homes (as defined by the State) can qualify for $6,000 per unit upon certificate of occupancy. • Incentives are dispersed at the drywall stage of the project for single family and duplexes and at certificate of occupancy from multifamily and modular homes. • Experienced developers must have proof of credit from a reputable financial institution and references. Final decision of eligibility lies with the Chamber Development Application Review Team and Board of Directors. Individual housing projects must be approved in advance and enter into an agreement with our organization. • Any of the state funds not used within two years from the date of release of funds must be returned to the State.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

•

Villages are required to provide a lot at no charge as part of the matching local commitment. This can be from any entity (village, non-profit, private citizen, etc.)

Expand private financing options Local banks and lending institutions play a major role in the housing market within Butler County. During our stake holder interviews, it was clear the banking representatives understood constraints of the tight housing market and the need for additional housing in the study area. Two key impediments to the market expressed by the banking community was credit-worthiness of firsttime home buyers and low appraisal amounts.

FHA 203K Rehabilitation Loans A FHA 203K loan combines the cost of the initial purchase plus the cost of renovations or expansions into one loan product that is insured by FHA. This unique loan product is particularly well suited for those interested in purchasing a vacant house, or one needing substantial renovations. The benefit of the loan product is the interest rates are fixed, and the loan amount is based on the current purchase price, plus the cost of the improvements. When we discussed the 203K product with the banking focus group, must had never heard of the program. This is not surprising since there are only five banks in Nebraska having originated a 203K loan in the past 12 months: • First National Bank Omaha • Guild Mortgage Company Omaha • Movement Mortgage LLC Omaha • Prime Lending (A Plains Capital CO) Lincoln • Regent Financial Group, Inc Omaha The FHA 203K loan product could be a very useful tool for those who wish to purchase and rehabilitate a home in David City. Since the program has not been utilized here, there will be a learning curve for all parties involved. Recommendations: 1. Explore partnerships with local banks, or those in Omaha and Lincoln, to originate FHA 203K rehabilitation loans. BCD could play a role in facilitating the conversations and the 203K program should also be included in any firsttime homebuyer counseling programs, once a lender pipeline is established.

Shared risk loan pool Many communities have recently funded targeted shared-risk loan pools that are used to spread the risk in emerging markets. The concept revolves

around a loan fund that is seeded through contributions by local banks, businesses, or federal programs (CDFI). The “Shot in the Arm” program in North Platte is an example of pooled investments for a targeted purpose, but to truly move the market this investment needs to be significantly increased. We recommend creating shared risk pool designed to invest in all types of housing, not just single-family for-sale housing. These funds can also be a head start in creating opportunity funds, authorized by the 2017 tax reform laws. Businesses expressed frustration with the housing situation in Butler County, so they may be amenable to investing in a shared risk pool that benefits their business. The loan fund would invest in various housing projects as determined by a governing board. The investment capital would be structured as patient capital that is in a subordinate position to the primary debt. This is not a grant. The purpose of the investment is to lower the amount of primary debt the project needs to service, thus making the project more financially feasible. When a project is refinanced, in the future, the fund would recoup its investment. Alternatively, the fund could be the primary lender and each investor in the fund would only risk a pro-rata share of the investment. Recommendations: 1. Explore the creation of shared-risk loan pools to help offset and encourage the construction of new housing, or the renovation of upper-story housing in downtown. 2. Raise $1Million to initially seed the loan pool.

Community Land Trusts Community Land Trusts are designed to ensure the long-term affordability of housing within a particular development. A community land trust is a development where the underlaying land is owned, typically, by a trust or community non-profit whose mission is to create affordable housing. The homebuyer owns the improvement and is usually granted a long-term lease that is at least the term of the mortgage or 99 years. The key distinction is there is a deed restriction or restrictive covenant running with the land, thus, ensuring affordability by limiting the income of the subsequent home buyers, thus ensuring long-term affordability. The Land Trust is established to enforce the restrictions, which are civil matters and not under the jurisdiction of the City or County. In lieu of establishing a singlepurpose entity for administration of the trust, that function could be carried out by BCD or a developed CDC.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Expand public financing options In Order to make any meaningful movement in the Butler County and David City housing market, the City and County must get more engaged in promoting housing development and change their policy on housing and neighborhood investment. There are a number of tools the City can use to promote housing development which are either under-utilized or have not been authorized.

Expand the Community Redevelopment Authority Activities The State of Nebraska grants broad powers to Community Redevelopment Authorities (CDA) under the Community Development Laws to affect redevelopment of blighted and substandard areas within a community. As mentioned previously, to meaningfully impact the housing market, the City and County must become more active participants in the housing market. To that end we recommend the David City CDA expand its activities beyond simply administering the TIF program. These expanded activities could include: 1. Developing Redevelopment Plans for David City that have high concentrations of poorquality housing; 2. The CDA may be an alternate/temporary means to land banking in David City. Under the statutes governing CDA’s, they are allowed to acquire, hold, and sell land; 3. Identify, acquire and solicit private sector land developers to create new subdivisions in David City, or soon to be annexed land. TIF funds can be used to extend public infrastructure and utilities, and the CDA will have lower holding costs because the land will be tax exempt until it is sold to a homebuilder. The CDA will help mitigate builder risk by acting as the master developer.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

HPP-1.5

HPP-1.6

HPP-1.7

HPP-1.8

HPP-1.9 HPP-1.10

Organization: 1 City of David City 2 Butler County 3 David City Community Redevelopment Authority 4 David City Housing Authority 5 NEDED 6 NIFA 7 Butler County Development 8 Private Businesses 9 Developers 10 Consultants 11 Nebraska Department of Transportation 12 NPPD 13 Local Organizations 14 Housing and Urban Development

1,4,7,8,9

1,2,3,4,7,8,9

1,2, 3,4,7,8, 9,10

1,2, 3, 4,7,8, 9,10

1,2

1,2, 3, 4,7,8, 9,10

1,3,4,5

1,10

Management Statement / On-going

HPP-1.4

1,3,4,6

2023 to 2024

HPP-1.3

1,3,7,8

2021-2022

HPP-1.2

Code Enforcement – The City should continue to take a proactive approach toward property maintenance enforcement Code Enforcement – Amend the penalties section of the property maintenance to make violations of the Housing Maintenance and Occupancy Code a criminal penalty rather than civil violations. Inclusive Housing – Create an LMI set aside requirement for larger developments Land Banking- Continue to encourage the Nebraska legislature to amend state law to allow smaller communities such as David City and counties to participate in the land banking programs allowed for larger communities in the state. Land Banking – Establish a committee to begin the process of evaluating the feasibility of organizing a Butler County Land Bank, its purpose, mission, and operating parameters. Begin discussions with the County Treasurer on establishing a land bank and working through the logistics of authorizing the land bank to give automatically accepted bids to the Treasurer tax liens. Modular and Manufactured Housing – Explore partnerships with the Nebraska Manufactured Housing Association to work with local housing manufactures to develop a palette of neighborhood context sensitive home plans for infill development. Zoning - Ensure all residential districts are fair and equal and that no specific exclusionary language exists in one district or another. Zoning – Ensure that the inclusive residential districts are equally allocated within all portions of the community. Zoning – Residential types, stick-built and manufactured homes, should be equally allowed in all residential districts.

2020-2021

HPP-1.1

$$$

2019-2020



Public Policy Action Items

Funding Sources: 1 General Funds 2 Bonding 3 TIF 4 Grants 5 Private Funds 6 Sales Tax/Occupation Taxes

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

HFT1.7

HFT-1.8

Organization: 1 City of David City 2 Butler County 3 David City Community Redevelopment Authority 4 David City Housing Authority 5 NEDED 6 NIFA 7 Butler County Develop 8 Private Businesses 9 Developers 10 Consultants 11 Nebraska Department of Transportation 12 NPPD 13 Local Organizations 14 Housing and Urban Development

5,6,7,8,9

1,3,4,5,6

5,7,8,9 7,8,9 1,3,5,6,7,8,9, 10,13,14

1,3,4,5,6 1, 3,4,5

1,3,7,8,9, 10

1,3,4

1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9,10,12,13, 14

1,2,3,4,5 6

Management Statement / On-going

HFT-1.6

2022 to 2023

HFT-1.3 HFT-1.4 HFT-1.5

6,7,8,9

2021

HFT-1.2

FHA 203K – Explore partnerships with local banks, or those in Omaha and Lincoln, to originate FHA 203K rehabilitation loans. Shared Risk – Explore the creation of shared-risk loan pools to help offset and encourage the construction of new housing, or renovation of upper-story housing in downtown. Raise $1 Million to initially seed the loan pool Develop a Community Land Trust CDA – Develop Redevelopment Plans for areas outlined in this report that have high concentrations of poor-quality housing CDA - Establish the CDA as a temporary means of land banking until such legislation is passed in the Unicameral. CDA - Identify, acquire and solicit private sector land developers to create new subdivisions in David City, or soon to be annexed property. Develop a program similar to North Platte’s “Shot in the Arm” program

2020

HFT-1.1

$$$

2019



Financial Tools and Incentives Action Items

Funding Sources: 1 General Funds 2 Bonding 3 TIF 4 Grants 5 Private Funds 6 Sales Tax/Occupation Taxes

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Abie Table 6.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 44% of the households in Abie were earning below $49,999 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Abie are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Abie was $57,903 annually.

Table 6.1: Abie Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999

Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community. The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate

$100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Percent of Households

Abie

2 3 5 4 5 7 4 1 1 32

6% 9% 16% 13% 16% 22% 13% 3% 3% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

indicates approximately none of Abie renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents nearly 10 renter households. There are more cost burdened homeowners, than renter households in Abie. Within Abie, 12.5% or nearly 4 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and those homeowners spend over 40% of their income on housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household. At Risk Households - Abie In addition, two households in Abie report having at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 6.2: Housing Cost Burden - Abie Abie

Table 6.3: Housing Cost Burden - Abie Abie Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income

Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Percent below the poverty level

5.5%

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level

2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income

2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income

2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income

2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income

2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income

2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income

2012-2016 ACS Total Households

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Abie The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Abie. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database.

Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

12.5%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 6.4: AT Risk Household Variable

Abie

This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix.

• Manufactured 5% These locations are on Figure 6.1.

Abie Housing Make-up Within Abie, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% • Multiple Units 0%

Figures 6.2 and 6.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Abie. The assessor’s data indicates that only 46.15% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and over

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

30% are rated “poor”. This equates to 18 structures rated average or better and 12 rated as in poor condition. Only one structure is rated as “Good” or better, thus ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/ Poor is only 0.01. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 6.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within this Abie is only $31,592 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, is 57% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 6.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Abie. 74.4% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is higher than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Abie Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Abie because the margin of error would be very high. Abie Recommendations Based on the high age and poor conditions of the housing in the community we recommend: 6.1 The Village Board of Trustees need to work on a strategy to eliminate inhabitable structures within the community 6.2 The village needs to work to maintain its viability into the future. Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

6.1 6.2 Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 6.1: Residential Type-Abie

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 6.2: Condition Analysis-Abie

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 6.3: Age of Structure-Abie

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Page Intentionally Left Blank

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Bellwood Table 7.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 38% of the households in Bellwood were earning below $49,999 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Bellwood are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Bellwood was $59,310 annually. The current annual household income growth rate is estimated at 1.18%, which is an anemic 5-year growth rate. Whether this increase turns into an actual increase in real buying power among the households will depend on the inflation rate over the next five years. The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates nearly 2/3rd of Bellwood renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents nearly 16 of the 25 renter households.

Table 7.1: Bellwood Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Bellwood

9 14 9 27 42 29 21 6 2 159

Percent of Households

6% 9% 6% 17% 26% 18% 13% 4% 1% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

As a percentage, there are less cost burdened homeowners. However, the numbers are still high. Within Bellwood, 16% or nearly 18 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and nearly 16 homeowners spend over 40% of their income on housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 7.2: Housing Cost Burden - Bellwood Bellwood

increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable.

Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Variable

64%

2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level Percent below the poverty level 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 7.3: Housing Cost Burden - Bellwood Bellwood Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

111

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income

Percent of owner households that are cost

16%

burdened Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

At Risk Households - Bellwood In addition, over 30 households in Bellwood report having at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will

Housing Conditions - Bellwood Figures 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Bellwood. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix. Table 7.4: AT Risk Household Bellwood 20 14.7% 31 116 6 43 93 19 117 9 127

2012-2016 ACS Total Households

136

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Bellwood Housing Make-up Within Bellwood, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 97.6% • Multiple Units 0.6% • Duplex 1.8% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with a concentration of commercial uses on the east and southern edge of the village. These locations are on Figure 7.1. The assessor’s data indicates that 58% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and only 10% are rated “poor”. This equates to 94 structures rated average or better and 17 rated as in poor condition. Figures 7.2 and 7.3 indicate the

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

condition and age of the residential structures in Bellwood. Currently Bellwood has 10.5% of the housing stock rated as a 2, 2.5, or 3 which is Poor Condition. This housing stock is spread throughout the community.

Only four structures are rated as “Good” or better, thus ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is only 0.06. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

This considers the number of units currently on market either for sale or rent. These new units can be either new construction or substantial rehabilitation of vacant properties.

The Mean Housing Value within the Village of Bellwood is $70,891 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 127% of the County’s overall mean housing value.

Total housing demand estimates should also include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners. Within Bellwood there are: 12 rental households and 22 owner households that are cost burdened. We estimate that 15% of these existing cost burdened rental and owner households would add into the demand for new housing product across all income spectrums. The margin of error for substandard housing within the CHAS is high, therefore we are substituting the number of poor quality units in Bellwood as determined by the County Assessor’s Office. There are 17 poor quality units in Bellwood and we estimate that 10% of the substandard housing stock can be replaced and is added to the demand.

Compared to other villages within Butler County, Bellwood is quite young, with only 50% of the structures constructed prior to 1960, which is lower than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Bellwood According to the most recent Census estimate from ESRI, we calculate there were approximately one for sale units and zero rental units available at any given time in 2018. To calculate the potential housing demand, we look at the current effective vacancy rates for rental and ownership units, which currently is 0.8% and 1.0% respectively. We then calculate the number of units needed to bring those effective rates into an acceptable range. For our calculations we used target vacancy ranges (low, average, high) based on historic vacancy rates in the Midwest. For rental housing the average vacancy is approximately 8% and for ownership units, 1.5%.

Therefore, the total universe for current housing demand in Bellwood is illustrated in the table below: We estimate there is a potential housing demand in Bellwood between 8 and 11 new or replacement units, with the optimal mix being 10 units comprised of 5 ownership units and 5 rental units. This should be accomplished through the renovation or redevelopment of the property rated in poor condition by the Assessor’s Office.

Table 7.5 is divided into three sections: Current Rates; Current Needs; Net Production Demand. Current Rates are the current effective vacancy rates and available units according the 2017 ACS. Current Needs are the number of units required to achieve the target effective vacancy rates for Table 7.5: Bellwood Net Demand

Current Needs Current Bellwood Rental Vacancy Rate Ownership Vacancy Rate Effective Vacancy Rate For sale units Rental Units Total Available Units

Current Demand

Rates 0.9% 1.0% 0.98%

Target Low 6% 1.0%

Target Average 8% 1.5%

Target High 10% 2%

Low vacancy

Average Vacancy

High Vacancy

1 0 1

1 1 3

2 2 4

3 2 5

0 1 1

1 2 2

1 2 4

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 7.1: Residential Type– Bellwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 7.2: Condition Analysis-Bellwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 7.3: Age of Structure-Bellwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Note:

Table 7.6: Net Demand Bellwood New For sale units New Rental Units Total New Units

Net Production Demand 0 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 4

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Table 7.7: Bellwood Total Demand Bellwood Total Demand

Net Demand

Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate New For sale units 15% of cost burdened owners 10% of substandard ownership units Total ownership demand Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters 10 % of substandard rental units Total rental demand Total potential housing demand

1.0% 0 3 1 4

1.5% 1 3 1 5

2% 1 3 1 6

6% 1 2 1 4

8% 2 2 1 5

10% 2 2 1 5

Bellwood Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Bellwood showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 7.1 The Village should to re-examine their current Comprehensive Plan, if older than 10 years, and begin developing a short-term and long-term vision for the community. 7.2 The Village should examine their current zoning regulations to identify any shortcomings and issues not available to the community and future developers. 7.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 7.4 Work with Butler County Development on different housing programs and grants. 7.5 Develop a private investment club in order to assist in future new construction or rehabilitation of homes within Bellwood. Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Brainard Table 8.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 44% of the households in Brainard were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Brainard are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Brainard was $52,489 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Table 8.1: Brainard Household Income 2018 Household Income Range

Brainard

Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

15 11 13 27 45 16 16 2 2 147

Percent of Households 10% 7% 9% 18% 31% 11% 11% 1% 1% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates 39% of Brainard renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. housing. While there are less cost burdened homeowners, the numbers are still high. Within Brainard, 10% or nearly 11 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and nine homeowners spend over 50% of their income on housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Housing Conditions - Brainard The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Brainard. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Lincoln County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix. Table 8.4: At Risk Household s Variable

39%

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

2012-2016 ACS Total Households

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 8.3: Owner Housing Cost Burden - Brainard Brainard

110

Owner household Base Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

11 10%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

At Risk Households - Brainard In addition, nearly 42 households in Brainard report having at least one disability. This could be physical 64

or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable.

Brainard 11 7.5% 42 135 0 44 102 15 131 3 143 146

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Brainard Housing Make-up Within Brainard, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 96.8% • Multiple Units 0.7% • Duplex 1.3% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with a concentration of commercial uses on the east edge of the village. These locations are on Figure 8.1.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 8.1: Residential Type-Brainard

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 8.2: Condition Analysis-Brainard

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 8.3: Age of Structure-Brainard

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figures 8.2 and 8.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Brainard. The assessor’s data indicates that 67.5% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and only 4.6% are rated “poor”. This equates to 102 structures rated average or better and only 7 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is .35, which is one of the highest village ratios in Butler County. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

ownership or rental housing. Net Production demand is the number of Current Needs units, less the number of units currently available. To satisfy the current demand and bring the effective vacancy rate to between 4% and 6%, we estimate that between 1 and 4 new units need to be brought on line immediately. The for-sale and rental units split is illustrated below in Table 8.6: This considers the number of units currently on market either for sale or rent. These new units can be either new construction or substantial rehabilitation of vacant properties.

The Mean Housing Value within the Village of Brainard is $80,726 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 145% of the County’s overall mean housing value.

Total housing demand estimates should also include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners. Within Brainard there are: 16 rental household and 20 owner households that are cost burdened. We estimate that 15% of these existing cost burdened rental and owner households would add into the demand for new housing product across all income spectrums. The margin of error for substandard housing within the CHAS is high, therefore we are substituting the number of poor quality units in Brainard as determined by the County Assessor’s Office. There are seven poor quality units in Brainard and we estimate that 10% of the substandard housing stock can be replaced and is added to the demand.

Figure 8.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Brainard. 61.6% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is lower than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Brainard According to the most recent Census estimate from ESRI, we calculate there are approximately one for sale unit and two rental units available at any given time in 2018. To calculate the potential housing demand, we look at the current effective vacancy rates for rental and ownership units, which currently is 0.8% and 1.0% respectively. We then calculate the number of units needed to bring those effective rates into an acceptable range. For our calculations we used target vacancy ranges (low, average, high) based on historic vacancy rates in the Midwest. For rental housing the average vacancy is approximately 8% and for ownership units, 1.5%.

Table 8.6: Brainard Net Production Demand Brainard New For sale units New Rental Units Total New Units

Table 8.5 is divided into three sections: Current Rates; Current Needs; Net Production Demand. Current Rates are the current effective vacancy rates and available units according the 2017 ACS. Current Needs are the number of units required to achieve the target effective vacancy rates for

Net Production Demand 0 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 4

Therefore, the total universe for current housing demand in Brainard is illustrated in the Table 8.7.

Table 8.5: Brainard Net Demand Current Needs Current Brainard Rental Vacancy Rate Ownership Vacancy Rate Effective Vacancy Rate For sale units Rental Units Total Available Units

Current Demand

Rates 0.9% 1.0% 0.98%

Target Low 6% 1.0%

Target Average 8% 1.5%

Target High 10% 2%

Low vacancy

Average Vacancy

High Vacancy

1 0 1

1 1 3

2 2 4

3 2 5

0 1 1

1 2 3

2 2 4

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 8.7: Brainard Net Production Demand Brainard Total Demand Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate New For sale units 15% of cost burdened owners 10% of substandard ownership units Total ownership demand Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters 10 % of substandard rental units Total rental demand Total potential housing demand

Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

Net Demand 1.0% 0 3 0 3

1.5% 1 3 0 4

2% 1 3 0 4

6% 1 2 1 4

8% 2 2 1 5

10% 2 2 1 5

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

We estimate there is a potential housing demand in Brainard between 7 and 9 new or replacement units, with the optimal mix being 9 units comprised of 4 ownership units and 5 rental units. This should be accomplished through the renovation or redevelopment of the property rated in poor condition by the Assessor’s Office. Brainard Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Brainard showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 8.1 The Village should to re-examine their current Comprehensive Plan, if older than 10 years, and begin developing a short-term and long-term vision for the community. 8.2 The Village should examine their current zoning regulations to identify any shortcomings and issues not available to the community and future developers. 8.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 8.4 Work with Butler County Development on different housing programs and grants. 8.5 Develop a private investment club in order to assist in future new construction or rehabilitation of homes within Brainard.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

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David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Bruno Table 9.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 41% of the households in Bruno were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Bruno are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Bruno was $62,006 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Table 9.1: Bruno Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Bruno 2 4 6 5 7 9 6 1 2 42

Percent of Households 5% 10% 14% 12% 17% 21% 14% 2% 5% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates 28% of Bruno renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents 2 renter households; however, all of these renter households were identified as paying 50% or more toward rental housing. There are significantly more cost burdened homeowners, than renter households. Within Bruno, nearly 35% or 16 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and 11 homeowners spend over 40% of their income on

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household. Table 9.2: Housing Cost Burden - Bruno Bruno Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

28%

At Risk Households - Bruno In addition, nearly 12 households in Bruno report having at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 9.4: At Risk Household Variable 2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level Percent below the poverty level 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income

Table 9.3: Housing Cost Burden - Bruno

2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income Bruno

Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income

Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

35%

Bruno

2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Total Households

14 26% 12 39 6 14 39 8 45 0 53 53

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Bruno The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Bruno. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix.

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 9.1: Residential Type-Bruno

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 9.2: Condition Analysis-Bruno

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 9.3: Age of Structure-Bruno

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Bruno Housing Make-up Within Bruno, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with a concentration of commercial uses in the center of the village. These locations are on Figure 9.1.

Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

9.1 9.2 Note:

Figures 9.2 and 9.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Bruno. The assessor’s data indicates that only 34.6% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and nearly 29% are rated “poor”. This equates to 17 structures rated average or better and 15 rated as in poor condition. Only one structure is rated “good” or better. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/ Poor is .03. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

2020

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Figure 9.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Bruno is $31,808 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 57% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 9.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Bruno. Almost 79% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is significantly higher than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Bruno Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Bruno because the margin of error would be very high. Bruno Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Bruno showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 9.1 The Village Board of Trustees need to work on a strategy to eliminate inhabitable structures within the community 9.2 The village needs to work to maintain its viability into the future.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Dwight Table 10.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 46% of the households in Dwight were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, almost 1/2 of the households in Dwight are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Dwight was $52,384 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Table 10.1: Dwight Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Dwight 9 7 8 17 28 10 10 1 1 91

Percent of Households 10% 8% 9% 19% 31% 11% 11% 1% 1% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates approximately 10% of Dwight renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents one renter household. There are significantly more cost burdened homeowners than renter households. Within Dwight, 21% or nearly 16 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and 13 homeowners spend over 40% of their income on housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 10.2: Housing Cost Burden - Dwight Dwight Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total) Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

1 10%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 10.3: Housing Cost Burden - Dwight Dwight 0

Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income

Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

21%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

At Risk Households - Dwight In addition, 28 households in Dwight report having at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 10.4: At Risk Household

Variable 2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level

Dwight 9

Percent below the poverty level 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Total Households

11% 28 75 1 35 49 14 70 6 78 84

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Dwight The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Dwight. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Chapter. Dwight Housing Make-up Within Dwight, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 99% • Multiple Units 0% • Duplex 1% The majority of land use in the village is residential,

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 10.1: Residential Type-Dwight

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 10.2: Condition Analysis-Dwight

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 10.3: Age of Structure-Dwight

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

with a concentration of commercial uses in the center of the village. These locations are on Figure 10.1. Figures 10.2 and 10.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Dwight. The assessor’s data indicates that 72% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and only 8.6% are rated “poor”. This equates to 75 structures rated average or better and 9 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is .41, which is the highest ratio of all of the villages. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 10.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Dwight is $71,746 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 128% of the County’s overall mean housing value.

10.5 Develop a private investment club in order to assist in new construction or rehabilitation of homes within Dwight. Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Figure 10.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Dwight. Almost 65% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is similar to the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Dwight Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Dwight because the margin of error would be very high. Dwight Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Dwight showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 10.1 The Village should to re-examine their current Comprehensive Plan and begin developing new short-term and long-term visions for the community. 10.2 The Village should examine their current zoning regulations to identify any shortcomings and issues not available to the community and future developers. 10.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 10.4 Work with Butler County Community Development on different housing programs and grants.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

The Butler County and David City Housing Needs Assessment also includes all of the incorporated villages within Butler County. These include: Abie, Bellwood, Brainard, Bruno, Dwight, Garrison, Linwood, Octavia, Rising City, Surprise, and Ulysses. Each village will be examined similarly to David City; however, in some cases the data has a greater margin or error than the actual population of the village. Therefore, those villages with less than 100 households will not have a house demand calculation. Specifics of this data have been shared with a few communities and we have accounted for any thoughts and input received. Household Income Ranges - Garrison Table 11.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 43% of the households in Garrison were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Garrison are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Garrison was $57,237 annually.

Table 11.1: Garrison Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Garrison 2 1 3 4 4 3 4 1 1 23

Percent of Households 9% 4% 13% 17% 17% 13% 17% 4% 4% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

as a percentage of the Garrison renters are cost are not computed.

Table 11.2: Housing Cost Burden - Garrison Garrison Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 11.3: Housing Cost Burden - Garrison Garrison Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

0 0%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Within Garrison, no homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs. At Risk Households - Garrison Five households in Garrison report having at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 11.4: At Risk Household Variable 2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level Percent below the poverty level 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Total Households

Garrison 4 22% 4 14 0 9 9 5 13 0 18 18

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Garrison The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Garrison. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Lincoln County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix

Due to the small size of Garrison, The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates gross rent 84

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 11.1: Residential Type– Garrison

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 11.2: Condition Analysis-Garrison

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 11.3: Age of Structure-Garrison

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Housing Garrison Make-up Within Garrison, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with a concentration of commercial uses in the northwest section of the village, near the railroad. These locations are on Figure 11.1.

Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

11.1 11.2 Note: If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Figures 11.2 and 11.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Garrison. The assessor’s data indicates that only 32% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 25% are rated “poor”. This equates to 9 structures rated average or better and 7 rated as in poor condition. Since there are no structures rated “good” or better, the ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is 0. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 11.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Garrison is $30,790 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 55% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 11.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Garrison. Almost 75% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is significantly higher than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Garrison Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Garrison because the margin of error would be very high. Garrison Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Garrison showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 11.1

The Village Board of Trustees need to work on a strategy to eliminate inhabitable structures within the community

11.2

The village needs to work to maintain its viability into the future.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Linwood Table 12.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 40% of the households in Linwood were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Linwood are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Linwood was $62,286 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial

Table 12.1: Linwood Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Linwood 2 3 5 4 6 8 5 1 1 35

Percent of Households 6% 9% 14% 11% 17% 23% 14% 3% 3% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

renter household, however that renter pays more than 50% of their income toward housing costs. There are significantly more cost burdened homeowners than renter households. Within Linwood, 23% or nearly 7 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and all 7 homeowners spend over 40% of their income on housing cost. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

Table 12.2: Housing Cost Burden - Linwood Linwood Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

At Risk Households - Linwood Twenty-two households in Linwood report having at least one person living there with disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable.

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 12.4: At Risk Household

Table 12.3: Housing Cost Burden - Linwood Linwood Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

7 23%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community. The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates approximately 9% of Linwood renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents one 90

Variable 2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level Percent below the poverty level 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income 2012-2016 ACS Total Households

Linwood 4 9% 22 37 0 2 39 10 31 8 33 41

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Linwood The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Linwood. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Lincoln County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 12.1: Residential Type– Linwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 12.2: Condition Analysis-Linwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 12.3: Age of Structure-Linwood

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix. Linwood Housing Make-up Within Linwood, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with a few commercial uses in the center of the village. These locations are on Figure 11.1.

12.2 The village needs to work to maintain its viability into the future. Time Frame for Completion Recommendation 2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

12.1 12.2

Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Figures 12.2 and 12.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Linwood. The assessor’s data indicates that only 28.5% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 33.3% are rated “poor”. This equates to 12 structures rated average or better and 14 rated as in poor condition. Since there are no structures rated “good” or better, the ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is 0. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 12.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Linwood is $25,298 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 45% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 12.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Linwood. Almost 62% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is similar to the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Linwood Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Linwood because the margin of error would be very high. Linwood Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Linwood showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 12.1 The Village Board of Trustees need to work on a strategy to eliminate inhabitable structures within the community

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Household Income Ranges - Octavia Table 13.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 41% of the households in Octavia were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Octavia are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Octavia was $60,162 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money for discretionary income, but less money for home repairs or the ability to weather a financial emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Table 13.1: Octavia Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Octavia

2 4 7 6 8 10 6 1 2 46

Percent of Households

4% 9% 15% 13% 17% 22% 13% 2% 4% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

than 50% of their income toward housing costs. There are more cost burdened homeowners than renter households. Within Octavia, 10% or nearly five homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates approximately 33% of Octavia renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents three renter households, however those renters pay more

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 13.2: Housing Cost Burden - Octavia

Table 13.4: At Risk Household

Octavia Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

33%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

47 5 10%

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

At Risk Households - Octavia Thirteen households in Octavia report having at least one person living there with disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be 96

3 5% 13 53 0 13 43 4 52 0 56 56

a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable.

Octavia

Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

Octavia

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Table 13.3: Housing Cost Burden - Octavia

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income

Housing Conditions - Octavia The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Octavia. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Lincoln County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix. Octavia Housing Make-up Within Octavia, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with few commercial uses in the village. These locations are on Figure 13.1. Figures 13.2 and 13.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Octavia. The assessor’s data indicates that almost 60% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 19% are rated “poor”. This equates to 28

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 13.1: Residential Type– Octavia

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 13.2: Condition Analysis-Octavia

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 13.3: Age of Structure-Octavia

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

structures rated average or better and 9 rated as in poor condition. Since there are no structures rated “good” or better, the ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is 0. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 13.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Octavia is $40,064 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 72% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 13.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Octavia. Almost 66% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is similar to the overall County, which is 63.9%.

Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 Note: If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Demand Analysis - Octavia Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Octavia because the margin of error would be very high. Octavia Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Octavia showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 13.1 The Village develop a Comprehensive Plan and begin developing new short-term and long-term visions for the community. 31.2 The Village develop zoning regulations to aid in implementing the short-term and long-term visions. 13.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 13.4 Work with Butler County Development Corporation on different housing programs and grants. 13.5 Develop a private investment club in order to assist in new construction or rehabilitation of homes within Octavia.

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Household Income Ranges - Rising City Table 14.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 33% of the households in Rising City were earning below $49,999 annually. Therefore, 1/3rd of the households in Rising City are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Rising City was $60,146 annually. The projected 5-year per capita income annual growth rate is estimated at 2.16%, which is an modest 5-year growth rate. Whether this increase turns into an actual increase in real buying power among the population will depend on the inflation rate over the next five years. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are

Table 14.1: Rising City Household Income 2018 Household Income Range

Rising City

Percent of Households

Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

10 12 20 24 36 19 30 3 0 154

6% 8% 13% 16% 23% 12% 19% 2% 0% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates over 20% of Rising City renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the income towards housing costs. This represents nearly three of the 16 renter households. Two of the three cost burdened renter households are paying over 50% of

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101

Table 7.2: Housing Cost Burden - Rising City Rising City Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total)

At Risk Households - Rising City In addition, over 26 households in Rising City report containing a resident with at least one disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 7.4: AT Risk Household

Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

21%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 7.3: Housing Cost Burden - Rising City Rising City Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

123

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

19 15%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

their income towards housing expenses. As a percentage, there are less cost burdened homeowners. However, the numbers are still high. Within Rising City, 15% or nearly 19 homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, and nearly 11 homeowners spend over 40% of their income on housing cost.

102

Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

Rising City 11 8% 26 126 1 48 89 24 113 8 129 137

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey

Housing Conditions - Rising City Figures 14.1, 14.2, and 14.3 indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Rising City. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Rising City Housing Make-up Within Rising City, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 98.8% • Multiple Units 0.6% • Duplex 0.6% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with commercial uses in the center and south end of the village. These locations are on Figure 14.1. The assessor’s data indicates that 55.4% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 10.8% are rated “poor”. This equates to 87 structures rated average or better and 17 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is .10. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 14.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Rising City is $58,550 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 105% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 14.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Rising City. 62.5% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is similar to the overall County, which is 63.9%.

vacancy is approximately 8% and for ownership units, 1.5%. Table 14.5 is divided into three sections: Current Rates; Current Needs; Net Production Demand. Current Rates are the current effective vacancy rates and available units according the 2017 ACS. Current Needs are the number of units required to achieve the target effective vacancy rates for ownership or rental housing. Net Production demand is the number of Current Needs units, less the number of units currently available. To satisfy the current demand and bring the effective vacancy rate to between 4% and 6%, we estimate that between 1 and 3 new units need to be brought on line immediately. The for-sale and rental units split is illustrated below: This considers the number of units currently on market either for sale or rent. These new units can be either new construction or substantial rehabilitation of vacant properties. Table 14.6: Rising City Net Production Demand Rising City New For sale units New Rental Units Total New Units

Demand Analysis - Rising City According to the most recent Census estimate from ESRI, we calculate there were approximately one for sale units and zero rental units available at any given time in 2018. To calculate the potential housing demand, we look at the current effective vacancy rates for rental and ownership units, which currently is 0.8% and 1.0% respectively. We then calculate the number of units needed to bring those effective rates into an acceptable range. For our calculations we used target vacancy ranges (low, average, high) based on historic vacancy rates in the Midwest. For rental housing the average

Net Production Demand 0 1 1

1 2 2

1 2 3

Total housing demand estimates should also include a percentage of the number of replacement substandard housing or cost burdened current renters and owners. Within Rising City there are: 8 rental households and 20 owner households that are cost burdened. We estimate that 15% of these existing cost burdened rental and owner households would add into the demand for new housing product across all income spectrums. The margin of error for substandard housing within the CHAS is high, therefore we are substituting the number of poor quality units in Rising City as

Table 14.5: Rising City Net Demand Current Needs Current Rising City Rental Vacancy Rate Ownership Vacancy Rate Effective Vacancy Rate For sale units Rental Units Total Available Units

Current Demand

Rates 0.9% 1.0% 0.98%

Target Low 6% 1.0%

Target Average 8% 1.5%

Target High 10% 2%

Low vacancy

Average Vacancy

High Vacancy

1 0 1

1 1 3

2 2 4

3 2 5

0 1 1

1 2 2

1 2 3

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Figure 14.1: Residential Type– Rising City

104

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Figure 14.2: Condition Analysis-Rising City

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105

Figure 14.3: Age of Structure-Rising City

106

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

determined by the County Assessor’s Office. There are 17 poor quality units in Rising City and we estimate that 10% of the substandard housing stock can be replaced and is added to the demand. Therefore, the total universe for current housing demand in Rising City is illustrated in the table below: We estimate there is a potential housing demand in Rising City between 6 and 8 new or replacement units, with the optimal mix being 8 units comprised of 4 ownership units and 4 rental units. This should be accomplished through the renovation or redevelopment of the property rated in poor condition by the Assessor’s Office.

14.5 Develop a private investment club in order to assist in future new construction or rehabilitation of homes within Rising City. Time Frame for Completion Recommendation 2019

2020 to 2021

2022 to 2023

14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5

Table 14.8: Rising City Total Demand Note: Rising Total Demand Effective Ownership Vacancy Rate New For sale units 15% of cost burdened owners 10% of substandard ownership units Total ownership demand Effective Rental Vacancy Rate New Rental Units 15 % of cost burdened renters 10 % of substandard rental units Total rental demand Total potential housing demand

Net Demand 1.0% 0 3 0 3

1.5% 1 3 0 4

2% 1 3 0 4

6% 1 1 1 3

8% 2 1 1 4

10% 2 1 1 4

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Rising City Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Rising City showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 14.1 The Village should to re-examine their current Comprehensive Plan, if older than 10 years, and begin developing a short-term and longterm vision for the community. 14.2 The Village should examine their current zoning regulations to identify any shortcomings and issues not available to the community and future developers. 14.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 14.4 Work with Butler County Development Board on different housing programs and grants to facilitate the redevelopment of the “poor” rated structures.

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Household Income Ranges - Surprise Table 15.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 42% of the households in Surprise were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Surprise are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Surprise was $60,146 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community.

Table 15.1: Surprise Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Surprise

1 1 2 3 3 2 3 1 1 17

Percent of Households

6% 6% 12% 18% 18% 12% 18% 6% 6% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

if there is a financial emergency within the household.

There are no renter households in Surprise. Within Surprise, 12.5% or two homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure 108

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 15.3: At Risk Household

Table 15.2: Housing Cost Burden - Surprise Surprise Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened

2 12.5%

Surprise 0 0% 5 16 0 11 5 2 14 0 16 16

Source: US Census 2012-2016 American Community Survey Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

At Risk Households - Surprise Five households in Surprise report having at least one person living there with disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Housing Conditions - Surprise The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Surprise. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for discretionary income, but less money for home funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix.

Surprise Housing Make-up Within Surprise, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100% The majority of land use in the village is residential, with commercial uses in the center and north end of the village. These locations are on Figure 15.1. Figures 15.2 and 15.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Surprise. The assessor’s data indicates that 47.3% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 21% are rated “poor”. This equates to 9 structures rated average or better and 4 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is .10. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment. Figure 15.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Surprise is $32,640 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 58% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 15.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Surprise. 79% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is higher than the overall County,

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Figure 15.1: Residential Type– Surprise

110

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 15.2: Condition Analysis-Surprise

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

111

Figure 15.3: Age of Structure-Surprise

112

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Demand Analysis - Surprise Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Surprise because the margin of error would be very high. Surprise Recommendations Discussions with the individuals from Surprise showed an relatively aggressive approach to economic development and new housing within the Village. The demand analysis indicates the need for additional housing in the community therefore: 15.1

The Village Board of Trustees need to work on a strategy to eliminate inhabitable structures within the community

15.2

The village needs to work to maintain its viability into the future. Time Frame for Completion

Recommendation

2020

2021 to 2022

2023 to 2024

15.1 15.2 Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

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Household Income Ranges - Ulysses Table 15.1 illustrates the estimated the number of households by income range. The Table indicates 45% of the households in Ulysses were earning below $50,000 annually. Therefore, over 1/3rd of the households in Ulysses are earning less than the Nebraska’s Median Household Income of $54,384 annually. In comparison the Median Household Income in Ulysses was $56,386 annually. Substandard Housing and Cost Burdened Households If renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, this may lead to high turnover or out migration in search of higher paying jobs, or lower housing costs. It also results in less disposable income to save for emergencies or spend in the community. Cost burdened homeowners face additional challenges. If they are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, not only does this leave less money emergency which could result in foreclosure, further destabilizing a neighborhood or community. The most recent 2012-2016 ACS 5-year estimate indicates approximately 25% of Ulysses renters are cost burdened, and pay more than 30% of the 114

Table 16.1: Ulysses Household Income 2018 Household Income Range Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000-$99,999 $100,000-$149,999 $150,000-$199,999 $200,000 or greater 2018 Households by Income Base

Ulysses

5 5 9 14 12 9 12 5 3 74

Percent of Households

7% 7% 12% 19% 16% 12% 16% 7% 4% 100%

Source: ESRI Income Estimates

income towards housing costs. This represents five renter households, however those renters pay more than 40% of their income toward housing costs. Within Ulysses, 7% or six homeowners pay more than 30% of their income toward housing costs. Paying this much of a household’s income toward housing cost leaves little deposable income for other activities and increases the likelihood of foreclosure if there is a financial emergency within the household.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Table 16.2: Renter Housing Cost Burden - Ulysses Ulysses Gross Rent <10% of Household Income

Gross Rent 10-14.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 15-19.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 20-24.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 25-29.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 30-34.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 35-39.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 40-49.9% of Household Income

Gross Rent 50% + of Household Income

Gross Rent as a % of HH Inc Not Computed

Rental Households Base

Gross Rent 30% + of Household Income (Total) Percent of renter households that are cost burdened

5 25%

Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

Table 16.3: Owner Housing Cost Burden - Ulysses Ulysses Monthly Owner Costs % of HH Inc Not Computed

Monthly Owner Costs 50+% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 40-49.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 35-39.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 30-34.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 25-29.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 20-24.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 15-19.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs 10-14.9% of HH Income

Monthly Owner Costs < 10% of HH Income

Owner household Base

Owner Households: 30% + of Household Income Percent of owner households that are cost burdened Source: 2012-2016 US Census American Community Survey

6 7%

At Risk Households - Ulysses Forty households in Ulysses report having at least one person living there with disability. This could be physical or cognitive, but regardless of the disability planning for this segment of the population is important because has the population continues to age the number of individuals with disabilities will increase. There will be a need to construct or renovate existing housing that is fully accessible or visitable. Table 16.4: At Risk Household Variable Ulysses 2012-2016 ACS Households Below the Poverty Level 11 Percent below the poverty level 5% 2012-2016 ACS Households with 1+ Persons with a Disability 40 2012-2016 ACS Households at or Above the Poverty Level 93 2012-2016 ACS Married Couple Families below Poverty Level 6 2012-2016 ACS Households with Social Security Income 42 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Social Security Income 62 2012-2016 ACS Households with Retirement Income 17 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Retirement Income 87 2012-2016 ACS Households with Public Assistance Income 9 2012-2016 ACS Households with No Public Assistance Income2012-2016 American Community Survey 95 Source: US Census 2012-2016 ACS Total Households 104

Housing Conditions - Ulysses The following maps indicate the quality of residential dwelling units within Surprise. The data for the maps is based on the data within the Butler County Assessor’s database. This section is intended to indicated residential dwellings in need of improvement or demolition. It is sometimes similar and cheaper to find a dwelling unit in need of a little tender loving care and fix it up as opposed to demolition and reconstruction. There are different mechanisms available for discretionary income, but less money for home funding each of these approaches, these will be discussed in more detail in the Funding Appendix.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

115

Figure 16.1: Residential Type– Ulysses

116

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Figure 16.2: Condition Analysis-Ulysses

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

117

Figure 16.3: Age of Structure-Ulysses

118

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Ulysses Housing Make-up Within Ulysses, the residential make-up is as follows: • Single-family 100%

facilitate the redevelopment of the “poor” rated structures.

The majority of land use in the village is residential, with commercial uses in the center and north end of the village. These locations are on Figure 16.1. Figures 16.2 and 16.3 indicate the condition and age of the residential structures in Surprise. The assessor’s data indicates that 49.5% of the structures in this area are rated “average” or better, and 26.2% are rated “poor”. This equates to 49 structures rated average or better and 26 rated as in poor condition. The ratio of Good/Excellent quality to Fair/Poor is .20. Those structures rated as poor should be evaluated and targeted for renovation or redevelopment.

Time Frame for Completion Recommendation

2019

2020 to 2021

2022 to 2023

16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 Note:

If all spaces are filled in then the recommendations is considered to be an ongoing activity with no end period.

Figure 16.2 indicates the Mean Housing Value within the Village of Ulysses is $26,372 compared to Butler County’s overall Mean Housing Value of $55,853, which is 47% of the County’s overall mean housing value. Figure 16.3 illustrates the relative age of each structure within Ulysses. 77.8% of the structures were constructed prior to 1960, which is higher than the overall County, which is 63.9%. Demand Analysis - Ulysses Since there are less than 100 households, we have not calculated the housing demand for the Village of Ulysses because the margin of error would be very high. Ulysses Recommendations The population and household growth projections indicate the Village will slightly lose both population and households over the next five years. Based on those projections, we recommend: 16.1 The Village update their Comprehensive Plan and begin developing new short-term and long-term visions for the community. 16.2 The Village develop or update zoning regulations to aid in implementing the shortterm and long-term visions. 16.3 The Village should examine the use of Tax Increment Financing for workforce housing, as well as the replacement and/or extension of utilities. 16.4 Work with Butler County Development Board and/or Butler County Area Foundation on different housing programs and grants to

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119

The following pages layout many different funding sources available to be used for different aspects of housing and community development. In total there are 15 pages of funding; however, not all of the programs will be appropriate for North Platte or Butler County but may be something the smaller villages could use. As this Housing Study is implemented, it will be critical for the entities to take advantage of all the programs they can in order to lower the overall out of pocket costs on projects. The list of funding sources, DOES NOT include local funding tools such as Tax Increment Financing, Sales Tax, Occupation Taxes, Revenue Bonds, and many others. Therefore, these sources are in addition to many of the local funds that could be used as well. It should also be noted some of these funding programs, such as CROWN may be already in use in Butler County.

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FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Allstate Foundation

American Academy of Physicians Foundation

Anheuser-Busch Foundation

Annie E. Casey Foundation

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

TARGET AREA

Three (3) focus areas for community investment are: tolerance, inclusion and diversity, safe and vital communities and economic development. Capital; Program

Program

Capital; Program

Statewide

Serves as the philanthropic arm of the American Academy of Family Physicians. Primary goal is to enhance health care delivered to the American people by developing and providing philanthropic resources for the promotion and support of family medicine. A variety of initiatives are supported that relate to scientific, educational, and humanitarian family medicine goals.

Statewide

Supports higher education, through scholarships and mentors. Other causes include health care and human services, minority leadership and economic development, civic, cultural enrichment and environmental conservation.

Nationally with an emphasis around corporate facilities.

Primary mission of the foundation is to foster public policies, human service reforms and community supports to meet the needs of vulnerable children and families. The foundation makes grants that help states, cities and communities fashion more innovative, cost -effective responses to these needs. Funding areas include: children/youth services, the economically disadvantaged, education, human services, public affairs, urban/ community development and youth development and youth services.

Program

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

The Allstate Foundation West Central Region Grant Committee 10800 East Geddes Avenue Suite 300 Englewood, CO 80112 303.779.3769

http://www.allstate.com/foundation/ funding-guidelines.aspx

Provides support nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Residency programs, medical residents and students, AAFP Chapters and individuals.

Primarily limited to nonprofit 501(c)(3) organizations where the company and its subsidiaries operate major facilities. Refer to Web site for application guidelines.

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

Statewide

Nonprofit organizations. Does not award grants to: individuals; organizations whose chief purpose is to influence legislation or to participate or intervene in political campaigns on behalf of or against any candidate for public office; endowments or memorials; construction or renovation projects; sports teams or any sports-related activities; fund-raising events or advertising.

American Academy of Family Physicians Foundation 11400 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 440 Leawood, KS 66211-2672

http://www.aafpfoundation.org

913.906.6000 Toll Free: 1.800.274.2237 Charitable Contributions

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

Charitable Contributions Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. One Busch Place St. Louis, MO 63118 Toll Free: 1.800.342.5283

http://www.anheuser-busch.com/ CharitableGivingIndex.html

Contact for information.

Annie E. Casey Foundation 701 St. Paul Street Baltimore, MD 21202 410.547.6600

http://www.aecf.org

Refer to Web site for details.

AT&T Foundation AT&T Public Relations Contributions Coordinator 5501 LBJ Freeway Room 300E Dallas, TX 75240

http://www.att.com/gen/corporatecitizenship?pid=7736

Most grantees have been invited by the foundation to participate in these projects.

Supports underserved populations and promotes education programs that create economic opportunity. Three priority initiatives are supported that focus support. Refer to Web site for more information.

AT&T Foundation

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Ben & Jerry’s Foundation

Bernard K. and Norma F. Heuermann Foundation

BF Goodrich Foundation

Bridgestone Firestone Trust Fund

Build-A-Bear Workshop Foundation

TYPE OF SUPPORT

Capital

Program

DESCRIPTION Supports organizations involved with early childhood development, the environment, AIDS, employment, agriculture, housing, youth citizenship, civil rights, community development, citizen participation, minorities, Native Americans, women, gays and lesbians, immigrants, economically disadvantaged people and homeless people. Special emphasis is directed toward programs designed to facilitate progressive social change and social justice.

Statewide

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS Giving on a national basis and to U.S. territories. No support for state agencies, basic or direct service organizations or universities programs.

Supports organizations engaged in activities in rural areas of Nebraska. Areas of focus include education, agriculture, children’s services, mentally disabled centers and services, disabled and aging. Types of support include general/operating support, endowment funds, fellowships, research and matching funds.

Nonprofit organizations with Section 501(c)(3) status. Proposals should identify a special need or project to which funds will be applied Rural areas and should include of Nebraska. objectives to be attained, people or groups who will benefit, work plans or timetables for achieving the stated objectives and any other means of support.

Makes charitable grants for higher education and adult education and supports exhibits, concerts and other projects that enhance the civic, community and economic vitality of a region. Facilitates making of philanthropic gifts to recognized, tax-exempt organizations by individual and corporate donors.

Statewide in communities in which its employees live and work.

Supports education, health and welfare, civic affairs and arts in communities where Bridgestone/Firestone has operations.

Communities Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit near organizations. Bridgestone/ Firestone operations.

Program

TARGET AREA

Committed to improving communities and impacting lives through unique philanthropic programs that help children and families, animals, and the environment. Support for health and wellness, education/literacy and disaster recovery is also considered.

Statewide

Primarily limited to nonprofit 501(c)(3) organizations where the company and its subsidiaries operate major facilities. Refer to Web site for application guidelines.

Nonprofit organizations that help children and families, animals, and the environment directly. Reference website for guidelines and online application.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Letters of interest are reviewed on an ongoing basis for grants under $1,000. There are no deadlines for filing proposals for larger grants

Ben & Jerry's Foundation, Inc. 30 Community Drive South Burlington, VT 05403 802.846.1500

http://benjerry.com/foundation/ index.html

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

Bernard K. & Norma F. Heuermann Foundation P.O. Box 542080 Omaha, NE 68154-8080

No Web site available.

Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations.

Foundation Coordinator BF Goodrich Four Coliseum Centre 2730 West Tyvola Road Charlotte, NE 28217-4578 704.423.7000

http://www.crdhna.com/contact/en us bfg/contact us.htm

Contact for information.

Bridgestone Americas, Inc. 535 Marriott Drive P.O. Box 140990 Nashville, TN 37214 615.937.1000

firestone.com/trustfund.asp#

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

Foundation Bear The Build-A-Bear Workshop Foundation 1954 Innerbelt Business Center Drive St. Louis, MO 63114-5760 314.423.8000 Extension 5366 giving@buildabear.com

http://www.aecf.org

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Burlington Northern Santa Fe Foundation

Cargill Citizenship Committee, Corporate Giving Program

Carl and Caroline Swanson Foundation

H & R Block Foundation

Laura Jane Musser Fund

TYPE OF SUPPORT

Capital: Program

DESCRIPTION

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Established to support organizations involved Statewide in Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit with arts and culture, education, health, mental communities organizations. health, hunger, human services, public policy in which its research, civic affairs, senior citizens, Native employees Americans, women and homeless people. live and work.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Contact for information.

Burlington Northern Santa Fe Foundation 5601 West 26th Street Cicero, IL 60804 817.352.3425

http://www.bnsf.com/communities/ outreach/index.html

Program

Focuses primarily in three (3) areas: nutrition and health, innovation in education and stewardship of natural resources. To organize community involvement activities, many locations have established Cargill Cares Councils, formalized groups of employees that coordinate volunteer programs and direct resources to meet community needs. Enriched Communities Initiatives is one of Cargill’s measures of performance. Cargill businesses also include community involvement as part of annual business plans.

Program

Supports organizations active in research and Statewide Support directed towards charitable activities in the sectors of healthcare, with an organization with nonprofit education and outdoor recreation. emphasis on Section 501(c)(3) status. Omahabased organizations

Grant proposals are accepted year round.

Frederick S. Bucholz, President Carl and Caroline Swanson Foundation 4935 Battlefield Drive Omaha, NE 68152-1556 402.453.7500

No Web site available.

Program

Emphasizes supporting programs for Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit underserved, low-income persons. Priority areas organizations and of giving are in the following areas: arts and educational institutions. culture programs that increase accessibility by all people; community development projects Communities that build stable neighborhoods and with an H&R communities; education organizations that Block offer diverse learning opportunities for all ages; presence. and health and human services and youth development programs. Major emphasis is placed on support of activities that serve underserved, low-income persons.

Board meets quarterly. Deadlines for applications are in February, April, July and October.

The H&R Block Foundation One H&R Block Way Kansas City, MO 64105 816.854.4361 foundation@hrblock.com

http://www.hrblockfoundation.org

Program

Assists public or nonprofit entities to initiate or implement projects in rural areas to undertake consensus-based activities in environmental stewardship or dispute resolution. The Laura Jane Musser Fund encourages communities, whether represented by local governments, state agencies, or grass-roots not-for-profit organizations, to use a consensus-based approach to environmental decision-making and use a collaborative process to involve key stake holders and local citizens in developing environmental program and policies that satisfy common interests.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations, religious organizations and educational organizations. Emphasis on company locations.

All local and community organizations must request funding from their Cargill facility. Contact for information.

Regional and national programs: Cargill Citizenship Committee Department P.O. Box 5650 Minneapolis, MN 55440 952.742.2931 or 952.742.4311 grogg@cargill.com

http://cargill.com/commitments/ community/index.jsp

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Laura Jane Musser Fund

Monsanto Fund

Nebraska Community Foundation

Nebraska Department of Economic Development

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Program

Nationally with limited support available to communities in Nebraska

Eligible applicants include nonprofit 501(c)(3) organizations, organizations that are forming if sponsored by a 501(c)(3) organization, units of local government.

Deadlines different for each grant category. Refer to Web site for current information.

Mary Karen Lynn-Klimenko Managing Consultant The Laura Jane Musser Fund 318 West 48th Street Minneapolis, MN 55419 612.825.2024 ljmusserfund@earthlink.net

http://www.musserfund.org

Funding available internationally with specific interest in the Midwest.

Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations.

Jan. 1 & July 1

Monsanto Fund 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard St. Louis, Missouri 63167 314.694.4391 monsanto.fund@monsanto.com

http://www.monsantofund.org

Statewide

Services provided by the Foundation are available to Nebraska communities, charitable organizations and donors.

Deadlines different for each grant category. Contact for information.

Nebraska Community Foundation 650 J Street, Suite 305 P.O. Box 83107 Lincoln, NE 68501 402.323.7330 info@nebcommfound.org

http://www.nebcommfound.org

Statewide

Nonprofits, local governments and public housing authorities. Competitive funding and allocations determined by regions.

Once a year. Refer to Web site for information.

Nebraska Department of Economic Development P.O. Box 94666 301 Centennial Mall South Lincoln, NE 68509-4666 402.471.3760 paula.rhian@nebraska.gov

http://www.neded.org/content/ view/90/218

As funds are available. Refer to Web site for current deadline

Nebraska Department of Economic Development P.O. Box 94666 301 Centennial Mall South Lincoln, NE 68509-4666 402.471.3760 paula.rhian@nebraska.gov

http://www.neded.org/content/ view/90/218

Program

All giving falls into one or more of the four priority areas: nutritional improvement through agriculture, the environment, science education and communities.

Capital, Program

Provides financial management, strategic development, technical assistance and education/training services to communities, organizations and donors throughout Nebraska via affiliated fund status. The Foundation does not itself provide grants, but facilitates giving through its affiliated funds; information about these affiliated funds is available on the NCF website.

Capital; Program

Provides grants to nonprofits, local governments and public housing authorities for a number of uses, including developing new single-family housing and low to moderate income rental units, adapting old buildings as rental housing, rehabilitating existing rental properties and administering homebuyer assistance and rehabilitation programs.

Planning

Funds community strategic planning; analyses of impediments and barriers to fair housing choice; neighborhood/comprehensive/ strategic development plans; functional or special studies for housing, infrastructure, community economic development, land use/ regulatory measures, main street improvement district, downtown revitalization, energy conservation and transportation; environmental, heritage tourism, and historic preservation studies; and pre-engineering studies for publicly owned water/wastewater projects. Maximum grant amounts are $30,000 for community/unincorporated county projects and $50,000 for multi-community, countywide or regional projects. A 25 percent match is required.

Statewide

Nebraska incorporated municipalities under 50,000 population and Nebraska counties.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Nebraska Department of Economic Development

TYPE OF SUPPORT

Capital; Program

DESCRIPTION Increases the supply and improves the quality of affordable housing in Nebraska, to improve the ability of communities to maintain and develop viable and stable economies. Funds may be used for repair, rehabilitation or reconstruction of owner-occupied homes; acquisition and/or rehabilitation or new construction of homes or affordable rental housing; and organizational operating expenses to increase the capacity of the organization to produce and develop affordable housing.

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Statewide

Community-based organizations, local jurisdictions, local/regional housing authorities, community action agencies, reservation-based nonprofit organizations and for-profit entities.

Statewide

Developers of projects that create lots suitable for affordable housing targeting incomes at or below 60% of area median income.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Pre-applications are available in the Spring.

Nebraska Department of Economic Development P.O. Box 94666 301 Centennial Mall South Lincoln, NE 68509-4666 402.471.3760 paula.rhian@nebraska.gov

http://www.neded.org/content/ view/90/218

On-going

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority Lincoln Office (headquarters) 1230 'O' Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, NE 68508-1402 402.434.3900 1.800.204.NIFA (6432) robin.ambroz@nifa.org

https://www.nifa.org/res-dev

On-going

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority Lincoln Office (headquarters) 1230 'O' Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, NE 68508-1402 402.434.3900 1.800.204.NIFA (6432) robin.ambroz@nifa.org

http://www.nifa.org/programs/ programs.html?pi=399& search var=prog&prog name sent=Development+Financing

On-going

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority Lincoln Office (headquarters) 1230 'O' Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, NE 68508-1402 402.434.3900 1.800.204.NIFA (6432) robin.ambroz@nifa.org

http://www.nifa.org/programs/ index.html? topic=desc&ps=choose&prog name sent=First+Friday+Club

Created as a lease-to-own housing program developed to bring home ownership within reach of very low-income households while assisting local governments in revitalizing neighborhoods.

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority (NIFA)

Capital

Created as a lease-to-own housing program developed to bring home ownership within reach of very low-income households while assisting local governments in revitalizing neighborhoods. Seeks to construct housing that is decent, safe, and permanently affordable for low-income residents. CROWN utilizes the LowIncome Housing Tax Credit program as one financing tool as well as HOME funds, Affordable Housing Trust funds, Federal Home Loan Bank funds, local government grants and loans, and traditional development financing sources.

Capital

Meets on a Friday of each month in a different community to identify and prioritize the housing and community development needs facing citizens. Local government, community and business leaders are invited to attend and participate in a discussion focused specifically on the host community. In partnership with other housing and community development resource providers, a customized presentation is given on potential local, state and federal resources that are available to meet the community’s needs.

Capital

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Statewide

Developers, cities, counties and non-profit organizations

Community organizations or local governments

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority (NIFA)

Ron and Carol Cope Foundation

Shell Oil Company Foundation

Slosburg Family Charitable Trust

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital; technical

Provides low-interest rate financing for manufacturing facilities, certain farm property, health care facilities, residential rental properties, housing rehabilitation, homeownership, and wastewater treatment and safe drinking water facilities. Has authority to provide financing for public safety communications projects and administer the Federal Low Income Housing Tax Credit program for residential rental property development.

Capital

Responding to a slowdown in infrastructure development and lot production for affordable units, NIFA created the Infrastructure Loan Guarantee Program in 1996. The program is not a direct loan program; rather, it provides a loan guarantee on all or part of a conventionally originated loan for the development of affordable, targeted lots. A loan guarantee reduces the risk to the private lender, thereby increasing the availability of funding for these types of projects

Capital; Program

Program

Capital; Program

Supports charitable, educational, cultural and civic community programs for the residents of Nebraska, with particular interest in the community of Kearney Supports organizations involved with arts and culture, education, the environment, health, children and youth, human services, community development, civic affairs, disabled people, minorities and economically disadvantaged people. Special emphasis is directed toward specific educational, environmental and quality-of-life programs that are aligned with clearly defined educational and social concerns. Giving is provided on a national basis in areas of company operations Focuses contributions in areas of arts, culture, humanities, civil rights and liberties, community improvement and development, education, environmental quality and protection, disease prevention, health improvement and youth development.

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Statewide

Housing or economic development entity, profit or nonprofit, without direct access to property tax revenue streams

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Refer to website for current deadlines

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority Lincoln Office (headquarters) 1230 'O' Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, NE 68508-1402 402.434.3900 1.800.204.NIFA (6432) robin.ambroz@nifa.org

http://www.nifa.org

Statewide

Developers of projects that create lots suitable for affordable housing targeting incomes at or below 150% of area median income.

On-going

Nebraska Investment Finance Authority Lincoln Office (headquarters) 1230 'O' Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, NE 68508-1402 402.434.3900 1.800.204.NIFA (6432) robin.ambroz@nifa.org

http://www.nifa.org/programs/ index.html? topic=desc&ps=choose&prog name sent=Housing+Study+Grant+Progra m

Contact for details regarding geographic areas of focus.

No application form required. Preference given to nonprofit cultural organizations and public agencies.

Proposals are accepted year round.

Lynne Werner Ron and Carol Cope Foundation P.O. Box 1768 Grand Island, NE 68802-1768

No Web site available.

Statewide

Nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Contact for information

Shell Oil Company P.O. Box 2463 Houston, TX 77252 713.241.6161

http://www.shell.us/home/content/ usa/ responsible energy/shell in the society/ soc foundation/shell foundation.html

Statewide

No application form required. Funding directed to a variety of nonprofit organizations active in charitable activities.

Letters of inquiry may be submitted any time.

D. David Slosburg 10040 Regency Circle Suite 200 Omaha, NE 68114 402.391.7900

No Web site available.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Bancorp

US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital; technical

Provides cash contributions to nonprofit organizations in priority areas of affordable housing and economic opportunity, education and artistic and cultural enrichment. Support goes to communities where U.S. Bancorp is located and organizations in the community development sector.

Capital; Planning; Technical

Administers rural business, cooperative, housing, utilities and community development programs. Rural Development offers financial programs to support essential public facilities and services as water and sewer systems, housing, health clinics, emergency service facilities and electric and telephone service. Rural Development also promotes economic development by offering loans to businesses through banks and communitymanaged lending pools. Rural Development also offers technical assistance and information to agricultural cooperatives and rural communities.

Capital

Funds, primarily in the form of loans to assist communities to construct, enlarge, extend or improve community facilities providing essential services to rural residents. These services include, fire and emergency, transportation and others. Day care facilities and assisted living centers are also eligible projects. Funds are allocated on the basis of poverty level. Applicants must have the legal authority to borrow and repay loans, to pledge security for loans and to construct, operate and maintain the facilities. They must also be financially sound and able to organize and manage the facility effectively.

Technical; Capital

Assists current multi-family housing loan borrowers and their tenants, single-family housing loan borrowers and grant recipients, community facilities loan borrowers and business owners who are victims of a disaster. Utility assistance for communities is also available. Funding is provided through regular USDA Rural Development programs as well as dedicated disaster-related .

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Contact Community Relations at the closest branch Statewide

Statewide

Statewide .

Presidential disaster areas

Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations, schools and

Rural communities with a population of less than 50,000 people and their community partners.

Public entities such as municipalities, counties and special-purpose districts, as well as nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations and tribal governments in communities less than 20,000 people.

Must be currently borrowing or receiving support from USDA Rural Development. Refer to the Web site to verify your county is covered under current programming.

http://www.usbank.com/cgi w/ cfm/about/community relations/ charit giving.cfm

October 1

Programs operated continuously. Contact local office for details

On-going

Offered as required

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital

Provides capital financing for the development of housing for domestic farm laborers. Typically, loan applicants are unable to obtain credit elsewhere, but in some instances, farmers able to get credit elsewhere may obtain loans at a rate of interest based on the cost of federal borrowing. Funds may be used in urban areas for nearby farm labor. This is the only exception to the Housing and Community Facilities Programs rural service area guidelines.

Capital

Capital; Planning; Technical

Helps rural communities and individuals by providing loans and grants for housing and community facilities. Funding can be provided for single family homes, apartments for lowincome persons or the elderly, housing for farm laborers, childcare centers, fire and police stations, hospitals, libraries, nursing homes, schools and much more Provides grants to sponsoring organizations for the repair or rehabilitation of low- or very lowincome housing. The grants are competitive and are made available in areas where there is a concentration of need.

Targets technical assistance to help communities through strategic planning or leadership development, developing and strengthening partnerships and finding financial resources. Combines an array of resources to meet the community’s needs as opposed to expecting the community to fit into a government program. Technical assistance involves helping a community bring all of their community development components (i.e., business, housing, medical, education, infrastructure, recreation, etc.) together as a team to build the community successfully.

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Statewide

Farmers, associations of farmers, family farm corporations, federally recognized tribes, nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations, public agencies and associations of farm workers.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Administered through the local state office: USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551

On-going

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

Administered through the local state office:

Statewide

Public entities such as municipalities, counties and special-purpose districts, as well as nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations and tribal governments.

Ongoing - refer to Web site for current application deadlines.

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

Administered through the local state office:

Statewide .

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Ongoing - refer to Web site for current application deadlines.

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

Administered through the local state office:

Presidential disaster areas

Must be currently borrowing or receiving support from USDA Rural Development. Refer to the Web site to verify your county is covered under current programming.

Offered as required

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

US Department of Energy

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital

Provides housing assistance to very low- and lowincome applicants to purchase, build or rehabilitate a home in a rural area. Payment assistance is available to eligible applicants and may lower the effective interest rate on a mortgage to as little as one percent. For the RHS Section 502 Guaranteed Loan Program - the goal is to provide credit assistance to applicants whose income does not exceed 115 percent of the area median income. All loan processing is done in Rural Development field offices. For the Guaranteed Loan Program - the goal is to provide assistance to low- and moderateincome rural families unable to obtain credit from other sources. Loan applications are processed by private lenders, with RHS guaranteeing the lender against loss. Loans are financed at a market rate determined by the lender and have a term of 30 years.

Technical

Works with state partners, industry professionals and manufacturers to improve the energy efficiency of new and existing buildings.

Technical

Provides technical assistance to encourage cost -effective, durable and energy-efficient building reconstruction in the wake of disasters. The application of proven building technologies and designs can make a long-term difference in areas vulnerable to natural disasters, resulting in safer, healthier, more economically viable communities that are less susceptible to disaster.

Technical

Provides technical assistance and works with states and regions to provide technical assistance and analysis support for policies, market mechanisms and programs that facilitate competitive, reliable, environmentallysensitive, customer-friendly electric markets.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551 Nationwide

Very low- and low-income rural families unable to obtain credit from other sources. .

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

On-going

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy PA.20/Forrestal Building 1000 Independence Avenue SW Washington, D.C. 20585 Toll Free: 1.877.337.3463 U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy PA.20/Forrestal Building 1000 Independence Avenue SW Washington, D.C. 20585 Toll Free: 1.877.337.3463

U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy PA.20/Forrestal Building 1000 Independence Avenue SW Washington, D.C. 20585 Toll Free: 1.877.337.3463

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ buildings/building america

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

US Department of Energy

US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

A10

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital

Technical

Works with state partners, industry professionals and manufacturers to improve the energy efficiency of new and existing buildings.

Technical

Capital; Technical

Promotes and supports projects that address economic self-sufficiency for low-income persons and distressed communities by awarding funds to community development corporations (CDCs) to create employment and business development opportunities. Grants are awarded to cover project costs for business start -up or expansion and the development of new products and services. Funded projects are to create new employment or business opportunities for low-income individuals.

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

USDA Rural Development Nebraska State Office Room 152, Federal Building 100 Centennial Mall North Lincoln, NE 68508 Toll Free: 1.800.670.6553 402.437.5551 Nationwide

Very low- and low-income rural families unable to obtain credit from other sources. .

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide targeted towards lowincome communities. .

Private, nonprofit CDCs experienced in developing and managing economic development projects.

On-going

Ongoing.

http://www.rurdev.usda.gov

U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy PA.20/Forrestal Building 1000 Independence Avenue SW Washington, D.C. 20585 Toll Free: 1.877.337.3463 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families Office of Community Services Community Economic Development Program 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW 5th Floor Washington, D.C. 20447 202.401.5663

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ buildings/building america

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ ocs/ced/index.html

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

US Department of Homeland Security

TYPE OF SUPPORT

Capital; Technical

DESCRIPTION Supports community development corporations to assist businesses that create jobs for lowincome individuals. Allocations of grants are based on a formula equation for low-income persons. Projects may include manufacturing, technology, retail, agriculture and construction sectors. Grant projects must be located in lowincome communities and attract other private and public capital investment. The long-term goal is to revitalize communities through the creation of jobs for low-income individuals.

Capital; Technical

Provides training and technical assistance to low -income rural communities in developing and managing affordable, safe water and wastewater treatment facilities. Activities include improving coordination among federal, State and local agencies in water waste management and providing assistance in obtaining funding for construction, upgrade and repair of facilities.

Technical

Supports disaster legal services that address: free legal advice and referrals, assistance with insurance claims, counseling on landlord/tenant problems, assistance with home repair contracts, assistance in consumer protection matters, counseling on mortgage foreclosure Program; Technical problems, replacement of wills and other important legal documents, drafting powers of attorney, estate administration, preparation of guardianships and conservatorships and referrals to local and state agencies for additional assistance.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Eligibility is restricted to private, locally initiated, nonprofit community development corporations (or affiliates of such Statewide corporations) governed by targeted residents of the community towards lowand business and civic income leaders. These corporations communities. . must have as a principle purpose the planning, implementation and maintenance of low-income housing or community development activities.

Statewide targeted towards lowincome communities. .

Multi-state, regional, private, nonprofit 501(c)(3) taxexempt organizations.

Nationwide

States capable of performing floodplain management activities.

Members of local communities impacted by Presidential declared disasters.

Victims of Presidential declared disasters who are unable to secure legal services and advice as a result of the disaster. No formal application needed. A referral is made when a victim expresses interest or need during FEMA Registration Intake or at a Disaster Recovery Center.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

Ongoing.

On-going

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families Office of Community Services Community Economic Development Program 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW 5th Floor Washington, D.C. 20447 202.401.5663 Federal Emergency Management Agency (Region VII) 9221 Ward Parkway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64114-3372 816.283.7063

WEB ADDRESS

http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ ocs/ced/index.html

http://www.fema.gov

Federal Emergency Management Agency (Region VII) 9221 Ward Parkway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64114-3372 816.283.7063 On-going

http://www.fema.gov

A11

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Homeland Security

US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

A12

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Technical

Provides financial payments and/or direct services, when appropriate, when there is disasterrelated damage to an individual’s dwelling (structural property) making the dwelling unsafe, unsanitary and unfit to occupy. Housing assistance can be used for renting a different place to live and/or repairing/replacing the damaged dwelling. (Note: FEMA may provide direct services in the form of manufactured housing units if rental resources are limited in the disaster area). Other needs: financial payments may be provided when there is disaster-related damage to an individual’s property (personal property, transportation, etc.) and/or there is a disaster-

Capital

Enables individuals to purchase insurance against losses from physical damage to or loss of buildings and/or contents therein caused by floods, mudflow or flood-related erosion, and to promote wise floodplain management practices in the nation’s flood-prone areas. In order for a community to participate in the NFIP, the community must agree to adopt and enforce floodplain management ordinances, particularly with respect to new construction. These measures take a variety of forms and generally include requirements for zoning, subdivisions or buildings and specialpurpose floodplain ordinances.

Technical

Provides technical assistance to encourage costeffective, durable and energy-efficient building reconstruction in the wake of disasters. The application of proven building technologies and designs can make a long-term difference in areas vulnerable to natural disasters, resulting in safer, healthier, more economically viable communities that are less susceptible to disaster.

Capital

Supports the rehabilitation and repair of single family properties and is an important tool for community and neighborhood revitalization and for expanding homeownership opportunities. Lenders use the Section 203(k) program in partnership with state and local housing agencies and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations to rehabilitate properties. These lenders, along with state and local government agencies, tend to combine Section 203(k) with other financial resources, such as HUD's HOME, HOPE and Community Development Block Grant Programs, to assist borrowers. Several state housing finance agencies have designed programs, specifically for use with Section 203(k) and some lenders have also used the expertise of local housing agencies and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations to help manage the rehabilitation processing.

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Applicants must sign a declaration stating that they are U.S. citizens, non-citizen nationals or qualified aliens to be considered for IHP assistance. The individual Presidential and/or household must also disaster areas. provide proof, when applicable, that they have a loss in an area that has been declared a disaster area by the President. Other disasterspecific eligibility criteria may also apply.

DEADLINE

On-going

Statewide

In Nebraska, contact: Federal Emergency Management Agency (Region VII) 9221 Ward Parkway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64114-3372 816.283.7063

On-going

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

Statewide

http://www.fema.gov

On-going

State agencies, units of local government, federally recognized tribes and nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations.

WEB ADDRESS

In Nebraska, contact: Federal Emergency Management Agency (Region VII) 9221 Ward Parkway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64114-3372 816.283.7063

Communities that have adopted and enforce appropriate floodplain management ordinances. States and communities located within identified floodplains

CONTACT INFORMATION

http://www.fema.gov

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://portal.hud.gov

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

On-going

http://www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/ sfh/203k/203kabou.cfm

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

Capital

Seeks to develop viable communities by promoting integrated approaches that provide decent housing, a suitable living environment and expand economic opportunities for low and moderate income persons. CPD allocates block grant and disaster recovery funding to states, large cities (population greater than 50,000) and urban counties (greater than 200,000 outside large cities).

Capital

Provides funding for housing, economic development, public facilities and public services that primarily benefit low- and moderate-income persons, eliminate slum and blight or meet an urgent need; as determined by states, cities and urban counties. There are two CDBG programs available to local communities - Entitlement Community funding and State administered CDBG funds. Entitlement communities have populations larger than 50,000 and demonstrate funding needs for revitalizing neighborhoods, economic development activities and providing improved community facilities and services. State administered CDBG funds are available to cities with populations less than 50,000 or counties less than 200,000. Funding from HUD is allocated by a formula based on factors such as population, poverty and housing distress.

Capital

Provides funding, in the form of loans, to states, cities and counties that administer CDBG funds, based on their annual CDBG allocation, for economic development projects that create or retain jobs for low- and moderate-income persons. Allocated by formula based on factors such as population, poverty and housing distress. Administers programming designed to improve the effectiveness of HUD grants and issues related to homelessness, affordable housing and finance and community and economic development. The intent of Community Planning and Development Programs Technical Assistance is to provide assistance for grassroots organizations that access and utilize HUD's programs and resources. Resources available from HUD enable neighborhoods and communities with the greatest need to achieve the highest level of performance and results in community development programming.

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

TARGET AREA

Nationwide

DEADLINE

Allocated by formula based on factors such as population, poverty and housing distress

Statewide

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/ communitydevelopment/programs

On-going

States, units of general local government, federally recognized tribes, area-wide planning organizations and other qualified groups designated by or assisting one or more such governmental units.

WEB ADDRESS

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

On-going

CONTACT INFORMATION

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/ about/cpdta/tafaq.cfm

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

On-going

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/ about/cpdta/tafaq.cfm

A13

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

A14

TYPE OF SUPPORT

Capital

DESCRIPTION dresses the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS and their families. HOPWA makes grants to local communities, states and nonprofit, taxexempt organizations for projects that benefit low -income persons medically diagnosed with HIV/ AIDS and their families.

Capital

Provides emergency assistance to state and local governments to acquire and redevelop foreclosed properties that might otherwise become sources of abandonment and blight within their communities. NSP provides grants to every State and certain local communities to purchase foreclosed or abandoned homes and to rehabilitate, resell or redevelop these homes in order to stabilize neighborhoods and stem the decline of house values of neighboring homes.

Capital

Develops viable communities by providing decent housing and a suitable living environment and by expanding economic opportunities. The state must ensure that 70 percent of its CDBG grant funds are used for activities that benefit low- and moderate-income persons over a one, two or three year time period. Under unique circumstances, states may also use their funds to meet urgent community development needs. The competitive program funds a variety of projects such as streets, sanitary sewers, water facilities, storm sewers, bridges and facilities for persons with disabilities.

Capital

Provides grants annually on a noncompetitive basis to "substantially equivalent" state and local fair housing enforcement agencies. FHAP-funded activities help protect families and individuals who believe they have been victims of discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability or familial status (i.e., the presence of children) in the sale, rental or financing of housing. The FHAP supports a variety of fair housing administrative and enforcement activities, including complaint processing, training, implementation of data and information systems and other special projects.

TARGET AREA

Statewide

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS States, units of general local government, federally recognized tribes, area-wide planning organizations and other qualified groups designated by or assisting one or more such governmental units. States, units of general local government, federally recognized tribes, area-wide planning organizations and other qualified groups designated by or assisting one or more such governmental units.

Cities with populations of less than 50,000 (except cities that are designated principal cities of Metropolitan Statistical Areas) and counties with populations of less than 200,000.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

Allocated by formula based on factors such as population and housing distress.

Contact for information

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100 Contact for information

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

WEB ADDRESS

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/ aidshousing/programs

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/ communitydevelopment/ programs/neighborhoodspg

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100 As determined by HUD nationally.

http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/ partners/FHAP

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

TARGET AREA

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Statewide

States, units of general local government, federally recognized tribes, area-wide planning organizations and other qualified groups designated by or assisting one or more such governmental units. Individuals who feel themselves to be a victim of housing discrimination on the basis of race, color or national origin in a program receiving HUD assistance may file a complaint.

Makes technical assistance available to state and local agencies with civil rights concerns in HUDassisted programs. Title VI provides for HUD's investigation and remediation of discrimination complaints.

US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

Capital

Capital; Technical

Capital

Ensures safe, decent and affordable housing, creates opportunities for residents' self-sufficiency and economic independence and assures the fiscal integrity of all program participants. Programming by PIH supports nonprofit and governmental providers of public housing projects.

Awards grants to organizations and groups through a competitive process. Funding is announced through Notices of Funding Availability (NOFAs) that describe funding available and application procedure. Many of PIH's opportunities are found within HUD's annual SuperNOFA. Programs under the PIH are the HOPE VI program, Indian Community Development Block Grant (ICDBG) program and Resident Opportunities and Self Sufficiency (ROSS) program.

Statewide

Provides tenant-based rental assistance for eligible families in privately owned rental housing. Technical

Technical

Statewide

Gathers, validates, analyzes and scores data to assess the physical condition of all public housing and multi-family-assisted properties, financial soundness of public and assisted housing, customer satisfaction at HUD-assisted housing properties, management capabilities and income eligibility of rental subsidy recipients. (State and larger local government grantees of HUD can carry out assessment tasks and typically have local data.)

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019

Statewide

States, units of general local government, federally recognized tribes, area-wide planning organizations and other qualified groups designated by or assisting one or more such governmental units.

Municipalities, HUD employees, representatives/ staff/owners of multi-family housing and public housing authorities. Municipalities, HUD employees, representatives/ staff/owners of multi-family housing and public housing authorities.

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100 On-going

http://www.hud.gov/offices/pih

On-going

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://www.hud.gov/offices/pih

On-going

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://www.hud.gov/offices/pih/ grants/index.cfm

On-going

Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100 Omaha Field Office Edward Zorinsky Federal Building Suite 329 1616 Capitol Avenue Omaha, NE 68102-4908 402.492.3100

http://www.hud.gov/offices/pih/ programs/hcv

http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/ partners/FHAP

A15

FOUNDATION/ DEPARTMENT/ ORGANIZATION

TYPE OF SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

TARGET AREA

United States Internal Revenue Service (Opportunity Zones)

A16

Capital

DEADLINE

CONTACT INFORMATION

WEB ADDRESS

Previously designated Opportunity Zone

An Opportunity Zone is an economicallydistressed community where new investments, under certain conditions, may be eligible for preferential tax treatment. Localities qualify as Opportunity Zones if they have been nominated for that designation by the state and that nomination has been certified by the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury via his delegation authority to the Internal Revenue Service.

ELIGIBILIY PROCESS

Specifically Identified Areas

On-going

https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/ opportunity-zones-frequently-askedquestions

David City and Butler County Housing Needs Assessment 2019