Minds and Motion.

MINDS AND MOTION Celebrating the People and History of the UBC School of Kinesiology

MINDS AND MOTION Celebrating the People and History of the UBC School of Kinesiology

Copyright © 2018 Published by the School of Kinesiology The University of British Columbia 272-6081 University Blvd., Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1

All rights reserved in all countries. This publication must not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission from the publisher except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review.

Author Don Wells, Surrey, BC All photographs, unless otherwise noted, appear courtesy of UBC Archives Art direction, design and production Electra Design Group, Vancouver, BC Colour and prepress Coast Imaging Arts, Comox, BC Printing and binding Friesen’s Corporation, Altona, Manitoba

ISBN 978-0-88865-289-8 Printed in Canada

Table of Contents 4 Acknowledgements 5 Dean̕s Message 7 Introduction CHAPTER ONE 11 New Ideas CHAPTER TWO 25 Foundation and Frame CHAPTER THREE 37 The Early Years CHAPTER FOUR 49 Scope and Spectrum CHAPTER FIVE 67 Equity Evolution CHAPTER SIX 81 The Morford Years

CHAPTER SEVEN 93 Fields of Inquiry

CHAPTER EIGHT 111 The Trek Beyond

131 Epilogue 1 42 Timeline and Lists 158 Index 160 Welcome Ceremony

Acknowledgements The author and the UBC School of Kinesiology wish to thank a number of individuals for critically important roles they played in producing this book.

First and foremost among these is Professor Emeritus Bob Sparks, who initiated the project and provided hands-on support and encouragement throughout the research and production process.

Others who contributed meaningfully to this work include graphic designer Lisa Eng-Lodge of Electra Design Group, whose talent and patience are equally extraordinary, and Ernst Vegt of Coast Imaging Arts, who worked pure magic in bringing old, and sometimes damaged photographs to life.

Our thanks also go out to the staff of the University Archives for maintaining the vast photographic treasure that resides on-line and in the Irving K. Barber Learning Centre, and in particular to Candice Bjur, without whose kind assistance and expertise, this book would not have been possible.

Regrettably the names of the legion of photographers whose work appears in the following pages are unknown, and therefore incomplete, however, we wish to specifically acknowledge the latter-day contributions of Martin Dee, Bob Frid, Richard Lam and Jim Banham.

I wish to extend my personal gratitude to Kathy Manson of the UBC School of Kinesiology for undertaking the onerous task of assembling the names of some 7,000 alumni; to my friend and former UBC Public Affairs colleague, Hilary Thomson, for her meticulous editing work; to UBC Department of Athletics historian, Fred Hume, for inspiring me always with his knowledge, and finally to my wife, Kim Gordon, for her inability to see the glass as anything but 99 per cent full, and for typing the index.

Don Wells, June 24, 2018

Dean’s Message As Dean of UBC’s Faculty of Education, within which the UBC School of Kinesiology resides, I am proud to say that our School of Kinesiology has a world-class reputation for advancing interdisciplinary research and innovation in the study of physical activity and its impact on health, society, and quality of life.

Minds and Motion – Celebrating the People and History of the UBC School of Kinesiology is a revelatory book on the history of the School and it is my pleasure to invite you to read it. It will stand as an important work within the history of the university, reminding us all from where we have come and what we have achieved. In this book you will discover the rich legacy of the School, and the faculty, staff, students, and alumni who contributed to its formation.

The book spans the School’s life from the early days when it was known as the Department of Physical Education in the Faculty of Arts and Science, to the campaign to build the War Memorial Gym in honour of the veterans who were and are part of our UBC community, through to the late 1970’s when the Buchanan Exercise Science Laboratory saw the School begin a meaningful emphasis on physiological research and attract an increasing number of graduate students from across Canada and various parts of the world, and finally to the present, with the School's strengthened faculty complement and new strategic plan. This book stands as a testament to the School, reminding us all of how the university has always worked in the spirit of collaboration and interdisciplinarity.

I wish to acknowledge that the UBC Point Grey campus is located on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territory of the Musqueam people. The land has always been a place of learning for the Musqueam people, who for millennia have passed on their culture, history, and traditions from one generation to the next on this site. We are honoured to be conducting our work as educators at this place of learning.

Dr. Blye Frank

“Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.”

—WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS

THE GENESIS OF THIS RETROSPECTIVE OF THE SCHOOL OF KINESIOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA CAN BE TRACED BACK TO 2008, WHEN A HANDFUL OF FACULTY AND STAFF BEGAN TO MAKE PLANS TO WELCOME THE SCHOOL’S FIRST GRADUATES TO A 60TH ANNIVERSARY REUNION IN THE SPRING OF 2009. ALTHOUGH A PROJECT OF THIS NATURE HAD BEEN DISCUSSED BEFORE, IT HAD BECOME APPARENT THAT IF MEANINGFUL DETAILS AND ANECDOTES FROM FORMER FACULTY AND STUDENTS WERE TO BE CAPTURED FOR POSTERITY, THE TASK WOULD NOT ONLY BE A MAJOR UNDERTAKING, BUT ALSO A RACE AGAINST TIME.

And while the publication of this book does not coincide with

to retrace important footsteps; to be reminded of friendly places,

any notable anniversary of the school’s inauguration in 1946, or

faces and names; to rekindle a sense of pride in their university,

with any evolutionary milestone, it’s long awaited appearance

and to be transported—if only in mind—to a time of important

at this particular juncture can be attributed to three primary

memories and transitional influences.

factors noted by a small editorial group that began meeting for the purpose of this project in the fall of 2010.

UBC’s first gymnasium opened in 1929. It served as the headquarters of the Department of Physical Education from 1946 until the completion of War Memorial Gym in 1951, and later as the “Women’s Gymnasium” until it was dismantled in 1970 to make way for expansion of the Buchanan Building.

8 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The need for brevity in painting such a vast portrait requires the broadest of brush strokes, even for a publication that makes

The first was the aforementioned awareness that much of

no attempt at a scholarly treatise of history. Fortunately, how-

the school’s history remained oral, and hence fleeting in nature.

ever, thanks to the earlier work of others—historians, authors,

Thankfully, many of the school’s pioneers were alive and well

and even former UBC president, Norman MacKenzie, who

when research for this project began, and eagerly provided

penned his own version of the university’s history in the year

reliable first-hand accounts of the school’s earliest days as the

of its 50th anniversary—most, if not all of the highlights have

Department of Physical Education, then domiciled in the Faculty

been captured, along with photographs that help to reveal the

of Arts and Science.

humanity behind them. In addition, vital information regarding

The second was a desire to recognize the duration and

the early development of physical education in Canada was

extent to which the school and its people have contributed

conveniently sourced from work produced by recognized subject

to the study and science of human movement, to the devel-

matter experts, including UBC pioneer Maury Van Vliet and

opment of physical education teacher training in British

York University’s Frank Cosentino.

Columbia, and to an increasingly wide spectrum of learning

While every effort has been made to capture accurately as

and research that has figured prominently in the social and

many details as possible concerning events, circumstances and

cultural evolution of Canada and to the health and well-being

people in the UBC context, there will be gaps that are as regret-

of its 37 million inhabitants.

table as they are inevitable. In order to minimize omissions,

The final rationale for producing a publication of this nature

a great many people were consulted and asked to contribute

was an overdue need to provide the school’s alumni with a means

to this publication by way of anecdotes, facts, guidance and

Professor Doug Whittle, pictured third from right, and members of the first physical education graduating class listen to the reading of a congratulatory telegram from the National Council of Physical Fitness on May 13, 1949.

photographs. To attempt to list them all would be to tempt fate, however, they

Korchinsky, Jack and Marilyn Pomfret, Bim Schrodt, Dick Mosher, Bob Hindmarch,

must again be reassured that their time and input are greatly appreciated.

Sonya Lumholst-Smith and Jack Taunton; former school directors Peter Crocker,

At the same time, there are those who must be acknowledged in name, begin-

Bob Morford and Bob Schutz; UBC Department of Athletics historian Fred Hume,

ning with the school’s previous director, Professor Emeritus Bob Sparks, who back

and a great many alumni, including Hugh Marshall of the Class of 1950, whose

in 2008 expressed his belief that no further time should be lost in recording the

energy for preserving memories and unity among classmates truly served to

stories of people who ushered the school from its primary origins as a training

inspire this work.

ground for physical education teachers and coaches to the comprehensive hub

Finally it must be reemphasized that what follows is not so much intended to

of interdisciplinary learning and research that exists today. Critical support was

be a chronological depiction of academic history, as it is intended to be a simple

also provided at the time by senior associate director, Professor David Sanderson

and logically organized tribute to the thousands of men and women who shaped

and alumni relations coordinator, Lindsey Smith.

the UBC School of Kinesiology through their participation in almost seven decades

Those who generously lent valuable insight over the course of five years of research include former faculty members May Brown, Max Howell, Nestor

of learning, teaching and research.

When all has been said, they are the school; and the school is them.

INTRODUCTION :: 9

Photo courtesy McGill University Archives

1

CHAP TER

New Ideas

ALTHOUGH THE ARRIVAL OF GLOBAL CONFLICT ON TWO SEPARATE OCCASIONS BROUGHT LEAN YEARS TO BRITISH COLUMBIA’S CHARTER UNIVERSITY, THE CONCLUSION OF HOSTILITIES AND THE RETURN OF STUDENT SOLDIERS STIMULATED UNPRECEDENTED PHYSICAL AND ACADEMIC EXPANSION IN THE YEARS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING 1918 AND 1945. IN THE FIRST INSTANCE, THE SWEEPING CHANGES FOLLOWING THE FIRST WORLD WAR TOOK PLACE IN THE WAKE OF SEVERE OVERCROWDING AT THE ORIGINAL UBC CAMPUS IN VANCOUVER’S FAIRVIEW DISTRICT, WHICH HAD PREVIOUSLY SERVED AS THE CAMPUS OF MCGILL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, A REGIONAL COLLEGE OF MCGILL THAT REQUIRED STUDENTS TO COMPLETE THEIR SENIOR YEAR AT ITS MONTREAL CAMPUS.

Members of the UBC contingent of Canadian Officer Training Corps on parade, 1944.

After the provincial government passed legislation to establish

buildings were intended to be used only until construction of a

UBC, McGill turned its campus and the bulk of its faculty and

permanent campus could be completed on the north western

students over to the new university when it opened in 1915.

perimeter of Point Grey. The mounting costs of a protracted war,

Not-so-fondly remembered as “the Fairview Shacks,” the McGill

however, brought construction to a halt in 1917. Although the student population at the Fairview campus swelled with each passing year following the end of the war, the construction of the new campus did not resume as faculty and students alike had hoped. The result of their mounting discontent over increasingly crowded conditions was a well-organized campaign that turned out to be a defining event in the university’s history. On the rainy morning of October 28, 1922, some 1,200 placard-carrying students and a handful of cars wound through the streets of Vancouver and westward along a muddy track to Point Grey and the site of the partially completed campus. The following week, a smaller but equally vocal group of students arrived at the steps of the Legislature in Victoria to deliver a 56,000-name petition and urge the government to make good on its promise to build their university. The result was an immediate resumption of construction, and the official opening of the new University of British Columbia campus on September 30, 1925.

The conclusion of the Second World War made way for similarly extraordinary development, fuelled once again by the return of veterans and dramatically escalating enrolment.

Several special meetings of the University Senate were required from 1945 to 1947 to approve plans for new courses, departments

12 :: MINDS AND MOTION

and faculties. Among the recommendations was one to form a

undergraduate student in UBC’s inaugural year, Lett had been a

Department of Physical Education, whose primary objectives

member of the university’s first-ever men’s ice hockey team and

would be to provide a degree program for students who aspired

a pioneer student politician who co-authored the constitution

to fulfill a growing demand for physical education teachers in

of the Alma Mater Society along with his future bride, Evelyn

British Columbia schools, instil higher standards of coaching

Storey, a member of the first-ever women’s ice hockey team.

expertise for UBC varsity teams, and deliver mandatory physical

In 1920, he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship and departed

education instruction for all first-and second-year students. It

for Oxford, where he studied law and played soccer for Trinity

was an idea that had resonated long and well among a cadre

College. He subsequently returned to Vancouver and balanced

of influential Oxford-minded traditionalists and war veterans

a distinguished legal career with many years of service on the

within UBC’s leadership circle who saw sport and physical train-

UBC Senate and Board of Governors. Sherwood Lett was, by all

ing as a vital component of post-secondary education.

appearances, a key influencer in numerous affairs through much

One such individual was Brigadier Sherwood Lett, a uni-

of the university’s early history and maintained a keen interest

versity senator and decorated officer of both world wars. As an

in physical fitness and varsity athletics, as did fellow senators

The former campus of McGill University College of British Columbia, located in Vancouver’s Fairview district, served as the campus of UBC from 1915 until the opening of the Point Grey campus in 1925.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 13

Sherwood Lett, Professor Harry Warren and Arthur Lord were all varsity athletes in their UBC undergraduate days and key influencers in university affairs throughout most of their adult lives. Warren was the Senate’s representative on the University Council on Athletics and Physical Education. In 1939, Lett and Lord were appointed to a special Senate committee to make recommendations on establishing degree and diploma programs in physical education.

Arthur Lord and Professor Harry Warren, both of whom had played varsity rugby in their UBC undergraduate days. Warren had also been a Rhodes Scholar and was the first UBC student to be selected to compete in the Olympic Games, as a sprinter in the Amsterdam games in 1928. In addition to being an influential voice among UBC senators, he was also the Senate’s representative on the University Council on Athletics and Physical Education.

Gordon Shrum Physics professor, Dr. Gordon Shrum, was a decorated World War One soldier and Honorary Colonel of the UBC Canadian Officer Training Corps. Influential among university leaders, he was a vocal proponent of a physical education program as a means of strengthening the varsity athletics teams. Shrum personally approached Bob Osborne to ask if he would consider establishing a new department and program of physical education, and accept the role as its inaugural director.

Lord’s career, meanwhile, was even more similar to that of Lett, including his record of active military service. After graduating from law school at the University of Toronto, the First World War veteran returned to Vancouver to begin a successful career that culminated in his appointment to the Supreme Court of British Columbia. He too played an active leadership role at UBC, serving alongside Lett for over three decades on the University’s Senate and Board of Governors. The triumvirate of Lord, Lett and Warren enjoyed the support of many like-minded UBC leaders in matters concerning sport and physical education, including prominent professors such as Gordon Shrum, Otis Johnson Todd, Harry Logan and Garnett Sedgewick. Meanwhile, UBC’s second and longest-serving president, Leonard Sylvanus Klinck, similarly demonstrated his approval of a vibrant sport culture among students, and supported student-led campaigns to build the first gymnasium in 1929 and Varsity Stadium in 1937.

14 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Varsity Stadium was home to varsity football, rugby, soccer and track and field from 1937 to 1967. It was demolished in 1968 to make room for the new Student Union Building.

In February of 1939, Lett, Lord and Logan were among those

four-year degree program in physical education for the upcoming

appointed by President Klinck to a special Senate committee to

academic session, as well as a Department of Physical Education

make recommendations on establishing degree and diploma pro-

within the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. That fall, the first co-

grams in physical education. With Lett serving as the committee’s

hort of UBC physical education students arrived, the majority of

chair, progress was swift. Just six months later, the Senate voted

whom had either received a year of credit for military service or

in support of the committee’s three primary recommendations:

had completed provincial senior matriculation requirements in

to form a Department of Health and Physical Education; make

their high schools, which enabled them to complete the require-

improvements to the university’s stadium and gymnasium, and

ments for the inaugural bachelor of physical education degrees

establish compulsory physical education requirements for first-

in just three years. Most then continued on to a year of teacher

and second-year students.

training in the University’s Department of Education, and in

The certainty of a return to war, however, brought plans to an

the fall of 1950, the first wave of UBC-trained physical education

abrupt end. Lett returned to active duty as a brigade commander

teachers deployed to schools in the Lower Mainland and other

and was wounded at Dieppe, and again in Normandy. No sooner

parts of the province. Annual enrolment figures subsequently

had he been welcomed back by fellow senators following his return

ebbed and flowed, but with every convocation ceremony, UBC

from Europe than he was asked by recently appointed President

physical education graduates became more numerous and more

Norman MacKenzie to reconvene the Senate committee and again

influential in shaping the curricula and standards of physical

submit recommendations. As in the previous instance, the process

education instruction, and enhancing youth-focused sport cul-

was swift, and on April 4 of 1946, Senate approved inclusion of a

tures in schools and communities throughout the province.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 15

Antecedents

Opposite page: Tri-Service cadets on campus parade ground, 1944.

While 1946 may be regarded as the year to which the adminis-

In spite of the continued growth and increasing popularity

trative roots of the modern UBC School of Kinesiology can be

of university and club sport in England both before and after

traced, it is worthwhile to note that the influences leading to its

the turn of the century, military influences appeared to remain

creation and the general emergence of physical education train-

stubbornly dominant in shaping physical education instruc-

ing in Canadian schools and universities began many decades

tion in Canadian schools, driven in part by escalating tensions

earlier, owing in part to a pragmatic need for physically fit males

leading up to the First World War and by the introduction in

To accommodate the new requirements, the Provincial Normal

to fill the rank and file of military forces. In 1852, as American

1909 of a nation-wide physical education training program

School in Vancouver appointed a non-commissioned military

Civil War fears began to spread north, Ontario Minister of

funded by an endowment known as the Strathcona Trust. The

officer to provide teacher training in the instruction of physi-

Education, Egerton Ryerson, published a series of articles on

Strathcona Trust was the result of a $500,000 gift made to the

cal education.

“Physical Training in Schools” in The Journal of Education for

Canadian Department of Militia and Defence by Scottish-born

At the conclusion of the war, however, non-military ap-

Upper Canada. Ryerson’s advocacy of physical training in schools

entrepreneur, politician and Canadian Pacific Railway pioneer

proaches to physical education began to filter into Canadian

and the region’s prevalent civil war concerns contributed to the

Donald Alexander Smith (Lord Strathcona). Smith donated the

schools, beginning first in Montreal. Ironically, it was during

gradual entrenchment of drill training and rigid calisthenics as

money on the condition that the federal government distribute

the final years of Smith’s life, at which time he served as chan-

early forms of physical education in Ontario schools. However,

annual interest payments to provinces to create school-based

cellor of McGill University, that there emerged mounting op-

there appears little evidence of teachers having much in the

physical education programs implemented through joint ven-

position to the Strathcona Trust on the part of female school

way of formal training in physical education instruction. It was

tures between provincial departments of education and the

teachers in Montreal who had no military training, but had been

only the Toronto Normal School, the province’s primary teacher

federal militia. Instructional training manuals were printed

called upon to teach physical education in place of male colleagues

training centre, that possessed suitable indoor facilities dur-

and circulated to schools, revealing subject matter that focused

who had departed for the trenches of France and Belgium. Among

ing this period, but its appointment of retired drill instructor

on calisthenics and conventional military drill training. British

the most vocal and influential opponents was one Ethel Mary

Colonel Henry Goodwin as its sole physical training teacher

Columbia accepted the terms of the Strathcona Trust in 1912

Cartwright, an instructor at McGill University’s Royal Victoria

leaves little doubt as to the nature of instruction.

and made physical education a compulsory subject in schools.

College. Cartwright led a group of female educators that openly

Army tents of D Company, Western Universities Battalion, beside Arts building at Fairview campus, 1916.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 17

Above: Ethel Mary Cartwright, an instructor at McGill University’s Royal Victoria College, influenced new approaches to physical education.

Right: Women’s physical education class at Royal Victoria College, 1915.

18 :: MINDS AND MOTION

1911 University College of British Columbias womens grass hockey team.

Arthur Stanley Lamb

criticized the Strathcona Trust, arguing that the curricula it

who had been appointed as the inaugural director of Canada’s

supported ran contrary to a child’s instincts toward play, and

first school of physical education when it was established at

had not evolved in step with American and European trends,

McGill in 1912. It was from there that Lamb would lead an ef-

which emphasized games, sport and dance to complement

fort to standardize more contemporary approaches to physical

physical training. She put her theories into practise by setting

education training, ultimately resulting in the 1933 creation of

up structured intramural sport competition for female students

the Canadian Physical Education Association (CPEA), which

at McGill in both team and individual sports. The Strathcona

became increasingly influential in shaping the future and stan-

Trust executive responded to the mounting criticism by amend-

dards of curricula across Canada. Lamb served in various roles

ing the rules to give the provinces more latitude in determining

within the School of Physical Education and Athletics at McGill

curricula, but the amendment did little to satisfy the detractors

until his retirement in 1949, and remains widely regarded as the

from McGill, including Cartwright and Dr. Arthur Stanley Lamb,

founder of modern physical education in Canada.

Dr. Arthur Stanley Lamb was the inaugural director of Canada’s first school of physical education, established at McGill in 1912.

Lamb pioneered contemporary approaches to physical education training, ultimately resulting in the 1933 creation of the Canadian Physical Education Association, which became increasingly influential in shaping the future and standards of curricula across Canada. He remains widely regarded as the founder of modern physical education in Canada.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 19

UBC’s varsity rugby team made the first major mark in UBC sport history by defeating Stanford on Christmas Day, 1920. Some felt that the win over Stanford gave the university an identity and spirit that had not yet been revealed. Of the game’s aftermath, the 1921 Totem yearbook reported: “The happy crowd wended its way homeward, secure in the knowledge of a university which had won a game, won a spirit and found herself.” The team's coach, Art Lord, is pictured in back row wearing hat.

20 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The View from Point Grey Opposition to the Strathcona Trust emerged in British Columbia schools in the mid-1920s in the same manner it had in Montreal only a few years earlier, with teachers calling for better training in physical education instruction, particularly around sport and games. Perhaps not coincidentally, a decision had also been made by the provincial Department of Education to conduct a thorough evaluation of British Columbia’s provincial education system. It was to be an ambitious undertaking, and one that turned out to be of some importance to UBC, for it was led by Professor George M. Weir of the UBC Department of Education and Dr. J. Harold Putman, a noted education reformer and the senior inspector of schools for the City of Ottawa. The report on Putman’s and Weir's survey, published in 1925, was well received and widely regarded as the most comprehensive educational survey ever conducted in Canada. Its overarching recommendation was that more class time be spent on health, physical education, home economics, manual training, fine arts, music and Canadian history. Furthermore, the report recommended that games and organized play receive more attention in physical education teaching; that physical education teachers have more formal discipline-specific training, and that the subject figure more prominently in the provincial curriculum.

The Putman-Weir report, combined with an improved post-First World War economy and a corresponding population boom, stimulated greater interest in physical education in British Columbia schools, and with the CPEA promoting a new national agenda, cadet corps and military style physical training began to disappear in schools, replaced by sport, organized games and other forms of movement.

In some respects, however, the significant changes taking place in Canada at this time coincided with the evolution of new ideas that originated in Scandanavia beginning as early as 1813 when pioneering physical educator Pehr Henrik Ling

of education. Not surprisingly, the emphasis on physical educa-

created the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences,

tion in BC Schools was further enhanced under his ministry,

which centered on gymnastic forms for improving the physical

beginning with the creation of the Recreational and Physical

strength of the population. A century later, and in fact in the

Education Branch of the Department of Education in 1934.

years immediately following the release of the Putnam-Weir

Among other objectives, the branch sought to further expand

Report, Danish physiologists Johannes Lindhard and Nobel

the discipline in a manner that could include a wider range of

Prize laureate August Krogh ushered in what they argued

participants and new forms of movement, an objective that could

was an even more scientific study of physical exercise at the

not be realized through a curriculum that focused entirely on

University of Copenhagen, widely recognized as a leader in

sport. The scope of physical education was immediately wid-

physiological research on work and athletic exercise.

ened to include more rhythmic forms of gymnastics, along with

Against this backdrop of change and new ideas on both

group games, folk and social dances, elementary tumbling and

sides of the Atlantic, Weir successfully ran for office in the

apparatus activities designed to develop strength, flexibility,

provincial election of 1933 and was promptly named minister

and muscular co-ordination.

1929-30 UBC women’s basketball team was selected to represent Canada at the 1930 Women’s Olympiad in Prague. Following a three-week journey by sea and rail, they defeated the European champions from France on an outdoor cinder court to capture the title of World Champions. Their storied success contributed significantly to increased interest in varsity sport on the part of students and university leaders.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 21

Further attempts to advance physical education in British

Rower Ned Pratt (right) was UBCs first Olympic medal winner, winning a bronze in double sculls in 1932 with partner Noel De Mille.

Columbia included the implementation of the Provincial Recreation Program, popularly known in BC communities from 1934 to 1954 as “Pro-Rec.” The Provincial Recreation Program was invoked by the Department of Education as a means to provide healthy recreational activities and to combat what Weir referred to as the "demoralizing influence of enforced idleness" among unemployed youth during the Depression that overtook Canada in the 1930s. Typically, Pro-Rec activities consisted of calisthenics, team sports, track and field, swimming, gymnastics, dance, and various forms of fitness training. Funding for the program was provided by the Recreational and Physical Education Branch, with the federal government subsequently providing additional support through the Youth Training Act of 1939, the Vocational Training Co-ordination Act of 1941 and the National Fitness Act of 1943.

The first public recreation scheme of its kind in the British Commonwealth, the Provincial Recreation Program proved extremely popular in its early years, with participation numbers increasing exponentially from 1934 to 1939. Its growth further underscored the necessity of expanding formal training of physi-

Maury Van Vliet

cal educators in British Columbia, a matter that was destined

Born in Bellingham, Washington, Maury Van Vliet attended the University of Oregon where he was all-conference athlete in baseball and football. In 1935, he turned down an offer to play for one of the New York Yankees farm teams to come to the University of British Columbia. As director of men’s physical education, Van Vliet organized intramural sport activities and coached many successful varsity teams.

Under his coaching, UBC teams won the Canadian Basketball Championship in 1937 and 1941; the Western Intercollegiate Football Championship in 1938 and 1939, the Tisdall Cup in rugby in 1943 and Pacific Coast Cross Country Championships in 1943 and 1944. He also managed to complete a Master of Science degree from the University of Oregon during his early years at UBC. His success and popularity, combined with his obvious interest in advancing physical education instruction in Canada attracted the attention of the University of Alberta, which lured him to Edmonton in 1945 with an offer of tenured professorship. Over the next 33 years, he oversaw the development of the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Alberta, later served as dean, and earned nation-wide distinction as a coach, teacher and administrative leader in physical education and amateur sport.

He was named an Officer of the Order of Canada, inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame and received honorary doctorates from six Canadian universities.

was therefore perhaps not coincidental that the University of

22 :: MINDS AND MOTION

to require attention from the University of British Columbia. It British Columbia’s first full-time physical education instructors were appointed in 1936 in the persons of Gertrude Moore and Maurice (Maury) Van Vliet. Moore was educated at the University of Toronto and Harvard before becoming a director of physical education at the Vancouver YWCA, while Washingtonborn Van Vliet had been a multi-sport letterman and physical education student at the University of Oregon. Their primary tasks were to provide instruction in physical education classes for both male and female students and establish intramural sport competitions. Van Vliet was also assigned coaching duties for no fewer than seven of the university’s varsity teams.

His success as a coach earned him great admiration among his UBC friends and colleagues and garnered greater interest in UBC teams on the part of Vancouver newspapers and the wider community. Apparently determined to play an influential role in the evolution of university sport and physical education in Canada, he worked with Lamb to develop a national agenda for the CPEA and was instrumental in staging the young organization’s 1939 Annual General Meeting in Vancouver, where views were expressed concerning the poor standards of physical fitness among Canada’s youth. The concerns among delegates were confirmed at the outset of the Second World War as countless

Educated at the University of Toronto’s Margaret Eaton College and at Harvard, Gertrude Moore taught at private schools in her native Ontario before moving to Vancouver in 1927 to become the director of the local YWCA. She joined UBC in 1936 as director of physical education for women and worked alongside Maury Van Vliet to establish a foundation for physical education instruction. For nine years she taught women's physical training classes, coached archery, and introduced intramural sports activities for female students.

She became a co-founder of the British Columbia Camping Association in 1939 and established the Moorecroft Camp for Girls at Nanoose Bay on Vancouver Island. She retired from UBC in 1945 to run Camp Moorecroft. As her health began to fail, she sold Camp Moorecroft to the United Church in 1954. In 2011, The Regional District of Nanaimo joined forces with The Nature Trust of BC to purchase the waterfront property from the United Church to preserve both the camp and Gertrude Moore’s pioneering legacy in the form of Moorecroft Regional Park.

volunteers—male and female—were rejected on the grounds

five-year period leading up to 1939. But as the spectre of war

that they were physically unfit for military service.

cast its shadow on Point Grey, plans for new programs were

The efforts of Van Vliet and Moore, combined with the

shelved, varsity athletic competition began to wind down, and

CPEA’s growing influence and the transformational work of

the sounds of military drill training reverberated through the

Weir as minister of education no doubt helped mobilize in-

campus. Planning for a physical education degree program

terest in teacher training in physical education at UBC in the

would have to wait.

Chapter One: NEW IDEAS :: 23

CHAP TER

2

Foundation and Frame

THE RAPID APPROVAL OF THE NEW DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION BY THE UBC SENATE LESS THAN A YEAR AFTER THE CONCLUSION OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR APPEARED TO UNDERSCORE ITS URGENT NEED IN THE MINDS OF UNIVERSITY LEADERS AND RESULTED IN UBC BECOMING HOME TO JUST THE THIRD DEGREE-GRANTING PROGRAM IN CANADA BEHIND THOSE OF MCGILL AND THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. WHEN THE FIRST COHORT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS ENROLLED IN THE FALL OF 1946, THE UNIVERSITY WAS IN THE MIDST OF A PERIOD OF RAPID GROWTH WHICH PRESIDENT NORMAN MACKENZIE WOULD LATER DESCRIBE AS “THE MOST EXCITING IN UBC HISTORY.” However, as he and others also noted, the heady post-war era

buildings that were completed between 1947 and 1951, including

wasn’t without its challenges. The federal government’s provi-

the Physics, Biological Sciences, and Engineering buildings;

sion of financial assistance in the education of discharged

the Wesbrook Building for the new Faculty of Medicine, and

military personnel, combined with a generous policy of admis-

War Memorial Gymnasium.

sions adopted by the Board of Governors not to reject any

Ironically, in spite of having done much to lay its founda-

academically qualified candidate, brought an enormous influx of

tions, neither of UBC’s first physical education instructors

student veterans, taxing even further the already overstrained

would be part of the new department. Having acquired a

resources of the university. In 1945-46, registration more than

master’s degree in science from the University of Oregon in

doubled over the previous year, with 2,254 veterans taking their

1940, Maury Van Vliet resigned in 1945 to accept an offer of

places among a student body of 6,632. Registration increased

full professorship at the University of Alberta, which was similarly

to 8,741 in 1946-47 and to 9,374 in 1947-48. The sudden and

intent on sharpening its focus on the discipline of physical

urgent demand for classrooms, labs and housing was fulfilled

education. Gertrude Moore, who had become increasingly

to great extent by surplus army camps that were dismantled,

active in the BC Camping Association after co-founding the

mounted on trucks and hastily reassembled throughout the

organization in 1939, also left UBC in 1945 to establish Camp

campus. Extensive construction also began on more than 20 new

Moorecroft for Girls at Nanoose Bay on Vancouver Island.

In the wake of their departures, the position of director of UBC’s newest academic entity was assigned in late 1945 to a

One of UBC’s first physical education graduates, Bill Smithmaniuk is pictured in 1943 aboard a Royal Canadian Navy minesweeper awaiting shore leave off the coast of England. A member of the class of 1950 and a skilled gymnast, Smithmaniuk was typical of numerous student veterans who enrolled in physical education at UBC in hopes of becoming teachers. After undertaking a year of teacher training in the university’s Department of Education, he began teaching at Princess Margaret Senior Secondary in Surrey in the autumn of 1951, where he remained until his retirement.

26 :: MINDS AND MOTION

former varsity athlete and recently discharged Canadian Armed Forces captain named Robert F. Osborne. Osborne’s skill as a basketball player was well known at UBC. Born in Victoria in 1913, he grew up on Vancouver’s west side, attended Magee High School and enrolled in the Faculty of Arts and Science in the fall of 1930. A towering figure even as a youth, he was a standout on the varsity basketball team in his freshman year, leading UBC to a 16-2 record in the provincial senior league and victory in the 1931 BC Championship over the defending national champion

Left: As a talented freshman, future school director Bob Osborne (back row, third from right) helped lead the varsity basketball team to the 1931 national senior men’s championship before a hometown crowd at Vancouver’s Denman Arena.

Below left: 1931 headlines capture news of the team’s victory and the first national championship for the young university.

Above: Captain Bob Osborne in uniform at the conclusion of World War Two, just months before being appointed as director of the new UBC Department of Physical Education.

New Westminster Adanacs. Two weeks later before a large

exemplified his enduring competitive determination, and also

crowd at downtown Vancouver’s Denman Arena, the lanky

resulted in him being named to Canada’s 1936 Olympic team.

17-year-old paced the varsity squad to the first-ever national

Not surprisingly, his athletic achievements both during and

championship for any UBC team, defeating the Eastern

after his undergraduate years garnered the admiration of UBC’s

Canadian champions from St. Catharines, Ontario in a

sport-minded leaders, who wanted to see varsity athletics

two-game total-point series.

resume with a flourish following a two-year hiatus during

For the remainder of his UBC playing career Osborne

the latter part of the war. Moreover, his record of service as

was among the team’s top scorers and captain, as well

a military officer was rumoured to have curried additional

as an outstanding track and field competitor. After

favour, particularly in the opinion of the influential physics

graduating in 1933, he accepted a position as an English

professor, Gordon Shrum, a decorated First World War soldier

teacher and basketball coach at Vancouver’s Lord Byng

and Honorary Colonel of the UBC Canadian Officer Training

High School, but maintained a connection to his alma

Corps. It was Shrum who approached Osborne in the late

mater by coaching UBC’s women’s basketball team. The

spring of 1945 to ask if he would consider establishing a new

continuation of his playing career in the provincial Senior

department and program of physical education at UBC, and

A League at the same time as he took his first career steps

to accept the role as its inaugural director.

Chapter Two: FOUNDATION AND FRAME :: 27

Bob Osborne’s first order of business in the summer of 1945 was to fine-tune plans and information required by a senate sub-committee to finalize formal recommendations to Senate regarding the structure of a physical education department and program. With the assistance of former Vancouver school teacher Jean Sleighthome, Osborne went to work to complete the task and to later set up the department.

Osborne was apparently well suited to lead the development of a new department whose graduates would be in great demand in schools throughout British Columbia, and which would

Jack Pomfret

oversee the management of the university’s varsity teams. As

Jack Pomfret served for 41 years as a faculty member and for a remarkable 37 years as a varsity coach. He coached football; men's and women's swimming and men's and women's basketball; led the Thunderbirds to five western Canadian championships in men's basketball and was an assistant coach of Canada’s 1956 Olympic basketball team, which included three of his UBC players. In 1965 he coached UBC’s team to the inaugural CIAU Men’s Swim Championship and in 1971 was named CIAU Swim Coach of the Year. Many of his swimmers went on to international competition, including physical education student and Olympian Karen James.

had witnessed first-hand the growth and evolution of physical

28 :: MINDS AND MOTION

a high school teacher and coach for a total of eight years, he education in the province’s public school system and was no doubt well aware of the corresponding need for more specialized physical education instruction. He was also familiar with the student-driven and student-funded structure of varsity sport at

on an outdoor cinder court. Then in the summer of 1932, a

UBC, not to mention the enormous influence of the Alma Mater

young rower named Ned Pratt became the first UBC student

Society, which provided direct funding for the university’s teams

to win an Olympic medal, a bronze in double sculls at the Los

from fees collected from the rank and file of students. Organized

Angeles games. Osborne himself won an Olympic silver medal

into committees and directorates representing both men and

in basketball in 1936, having travelled to the Berlin games with

women, student leaders governed all decision-making with

another well-known UBC student named Howie McPhee, who

respect to the varsity and junior varsity teams, with minimal

competed in the 100-yard sprint against the great American

involvement from faculty members save for their volunteer

Jesse Owens while Adolph Hitler and officers of the Third

efforts as coaches. Indeed, Osborne himself had served a term

Reich looked on. With that as context, Osborne and those

of student leadership in his undergraduate days, having been

who supported his appointment as head of the new Physical

elected by acclamation in the spring of 1932 as president of the

Education Department were acutely aware that the resumption

Men’s Athletic Committee.

of a successful and wide-ranging varsity sport program had

It was also helpful to Osborne in his new directorship position

potential to further elevate the university’s reputation and

to be keenly aware of storied triumphs by UBC student-athletes

profile. As Gordon Shrum and others pointed out, the future

during his undergraduate years that captured rapt attention

held even more promise than the past, as inter-collegiate sport

from the community at large. The 1930 women’s basketball team,

was generating increased interest across Canada, while its

by way of example, had garnered notoriety for representing

popularity and attendant pageantry on campuses throughout

Canada in the 1930 Women’s International Games, where they

the USA constituted a well-entrenched cultural phenomenon

were declared “World Champions” after defeating France 18-14

and a rallying cry for alumni.

Osborne’s first order of business in the summer of 1945

the inaugural season, effectively breathing life back into a men’s

was to fine-tune plans required by the committee headed

athletic program that had been interrupted by war. The landmark

by Sherwood Lett to finalize its formal recommendations to

1945-46 men’s basketball season was highlighted by wins over

Senate regarding the structure of a physical education depart-

the top teams from the universities of Washington and Oregon

ment and program. With the assistance of a young Vancouver

as well as a stunning upset of the famed Harlem Globetrotters

high school teacher named Jean Sleighthome (née Salter) and a

before an over-capacity crowd at Varsity Gymnasium.

recent University of Toronto graduate named Douglas Whittle,

Osborne also secured the department’s initial headquarters

Osborne went to work to set up the department and determine

in the offices of Varsity Gymnasium, located across from the

curricula for the program’s first and second year. Owing to

newly constructed Brock Hall, from where he began the critically

Senate’s determination to make first-and second-year physical

important task of identifying and recruiting faculty members

education courses compulsory requirements for all students,

who could not only teach a variety of physical education courses,

Osborne’s plans needed to include provisions to accommodate

but also provide specialized coaching for the varsity and junior

the prerequisite needs of a large and rapidly growing student

varsity teams. Already faced with little time to accomplish a great

population. With the approach of autumn, he busied himself

deal, his task of selecting instructors was rendered additionally

even further as coach of both the track and field and the men’s

challenging by the fact that, unlike any other academic entity

basketball teams. At the urging of Shrum, he also success-

on campus, the new Physical Education Department would be

fully lobbied for UBC to join the US-based Pacific Northwest

divided by gender, hence requiring an even number of male and

Intercollegiate Athletic Conference in the fall of 1945. He then

female instructors. But while gender equity may have been a

coached the Thunderbirds to the conference championship in

priority in theory, it didn't always follow in practice, particularly

1945-46 UBC basketball team poster. The team was the first Canadian team to win a US conference championship.

Left: Women’s Athletic Directorate, under the guidance of faculty member May Adams (bottom row, far right), included class of 49 student and future BC Sports Hall of Fame member Nora McDermott (top row, far left).

Chapter Two: FOUNDATION AND FRAME :: 29

within the varsity athletic program, which for years hence remained overwhelmingly focused upon developing a strong intercollegiate program for male student-athletes, while paying comparatively little attention to their female counter-

War Memorial Gym Campaign

parts. The imbalance necessitated ensuring that the right

In spite of the university’s rapid growth and its invigorating atmosphere in the post-war era, those lost in war were far from forgotten. Of the 1,680 UBC students who abandoned their studies to serve in the Second World War, 169 lost their lives or were declared missing in action. The interest in securing a living memorial to fallen student-soldiers and the desperate need to expand the university’s physical education and recreational facilities were jointly addressed at an Alma Mater Society council meeting in November of 1945. The council unanimously voted in favour of a motion tabled

by Ole Bakken, a forward on Bob Osborne’s basketball team, "that the war memorial for the students of the University of British Columbia who served in the Second Great War be a modern gymnasium complete with swimming pool and other facilities." The plan was later revised to focus strictly on the construction of a gymnasium and was presented to a special meeting of students and alumni on February 2, 1946. It received overwhelming support, and an ambitious campaign immediately began to raise funds toward the cost of what was to later become War Memorial Gymnasium and henceforth the hub of all matters concerning physical education and varsity athletics. The UBC Board of Governors started the campaign with a pledge of $75,000 and the provincial government with a grant of $275,000. By the end of 1947, a studentdriven campaign had raised $175,000 through a variety of means, including allocating five dollars from the annual student fee to the gym construction. A shortfall remained of some $150,000, which the AMS borrowed and repaid through student fees in the years that followed.

tive divisions.

people were hired to organize the department’s two respecTo that end, Osborne prudently appointed an experienced Torontonian named Marian Henderson to serve as head of the women’s program in place of Sleighthome, who although having been instrumental in establishing the foundations, resigned the position after just one year. Henderson had completed her physical education undergraduate degree at the University of Toronto. Like both Whittle and Van Vliet, she then undertook graduate studies within the Faculty of Science at the University of Oregon. She later returned to Toronto to teach school and hold senior positions in the Toronto District School Board before coming to UBC, where she remained until her retirement in 1973.

The other faculty appointees in the women’s program in the inaugural year were Ottawa native Jean Carmichael, who returned to Ontario in 1948 to begin a federal government career, and Victoria-born Isobel Clay, who also relocated to Ottawa that same year. In the meantime, however, a young graduate of McGill named May Adams returned home to British Columbia in 1947 to accept Osborne’s offer to teach and coach the women’s grass hockey teams. An immensely popular teacher and mentor to female students, Adams spent eight years on UBC’s faculty, during which time she met and married Professor Lorne Brown, a teacher at the Vancouver Normal School who later made pioneer strides in the broad field of health, recreation and outdoor education within the UBC Department of Education.

Whittle, meanwhile, became the first faculty member appointed on the men’s side, and was assigned duties which included teaching swimming and gymnastics, coaching the men’s swimming and junior varsity basketball teams and a variety of administrative duties as a second-in-command to Osborne. The next, and perhaps most obvious choice on the men’s side was Jack Pomfret, a skilled multi-sport athlete whom Osborne had coached in basketball at Lord Byng High School, and who then went on to the University of Washington on an athletic scholarship. Like the students he would teach at UBC, Pomfret had ambitions of becoming a teacher and coach when he set out for the University of Washington in 1940, where he lettered in baseball, basketball and swimming, and from where he temporarily abandoned his studies in 1942 to enlist for military service. Osborne was naturally enthused about the prospects of drawing the talented and affable Pomfret to UBC

30 :: MINDS AND MOTION

in the summer of 1946 and his potential to contribute to building a new department from the ground up, having just graduated from one of the USA’s most prominent physical education programs. Pomfret eagerly accepted his former high school coach’s offer to teach activity classes in basketball, baseball and football, and to serve as an assistant football coach to former Ottawa Rough Rider quarterback Orville Burke and later to fellow University of Washington baseball alumnus Hjelmar “Jelly” Anderson. First, however, he had to demonstrate sufficient competitive mettle in the eyes of Gordon Shrum, who demanded to meet Pomfret before Osborne would be permitted

Clockwise from top left: Inaugural faculty members (left to right) Bob Osborne, Albert Laithwaite, Doug Whittle, Ivor Wynn and Jack Pomfret; Marian Penny (nee Henderson) was head of the women’s program;

to make his appointment official.

“I went to his house,” recalled Pomfret. “The first thing he asked me was ‘what makes you think you can coach?’ I told him that I never said I could. So then he asked me if I thought

Inaugural faculty members Jean Carmichael, Marian Penny and Isobel Clay.

I could beat him in a game of badminton. I said ‘any day!’ and he said ‘you’re hired!’”

The next appointment on the men’s side was Ivor Wynne, a recent graduate of McMaster University who mirrored Osborne’s accomplishments as a star varsity basketball player. In addition to teaching activity classes, Wynne went to work to expand the

Chapter Two: FOUNDATION AND FRAME :: 31

intramural sports program in response to increasing demand from a burgeoning student population. Just two years later, however, McMaster president George Gilmour arrived in Vancouver and successfully enticed the popular Welshman back to Hamilton to establish a school of physical education. Wynne made enormous contributions to McMaster as a department head, athletic director and dean of students, and to the City of Hamilton by serving as an elected director of its Department of Parks and Recreation. After his untimely death in 1970, the Physical Education Centre at McMaster was named in his memory, as was the stadium that was the home of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats Football Club.

Osborne’s final appointment was a graduate of Carnegie College from Lancashire, England named Albert Laithwaite, who had a distinguished rugby career before joining the Royal Air Force in 1940. He spent time in pilot training in Edmonton during the start of the war and returned to Canada with his Canadian-born wife in 1946 to teach at Ridley College in St. Catharines, Ontario. The following year he accepted Osborne’s offer to teach in the Physical Education Department at UBC and coach rugby, a position he held for 33 years until his retirement in 1980.

Experimental Teaching; Experiential Learning The task of teaching in a new academic entity and training

Above: 1949 grass hockey team coached

by May Adams (top row, far left).

Right: 1950 basketball team coached by Ruth Wilson (top row, far right).

Although never a faculty member, Wilson was a multi-sport athlete and successful coach for both UBC and Canada’s national women’s basketball team.

UBC’s women’s teams assumed the nickname Thunderettes in the late 1940’s, a tradition that lasted until 1982.

future physical education teachers required the inaugural faculty members to be creative and flexible in order to help develop the curriculum as the fledgling program took shape and to meet the changing needs of the schools that would soon hire the bulk of graduates. Post-graduation employment prospects for aspiring teachers were all but assured, as the discipline of physical education was set to explode within British Columbia’s public school system, as was extramural sport competition among high schools. For teachers and students alike, UBC’s new Department of Physical Education was an optimal environment for testing new curricula focused on games and team sports and for developing best practises in teaching and coaching. Teachers were free to experiment with pedagogical approaches, while students got practical teaching experience by providing instruction in mandatory activity classes for first-and second-year students. It turned out to be an experience that was vital to their careers, as the war produced a devastating effect on British Columbia schools, forcing teachers to be resourceful as the severe rationing of public expenditures resulted in very few schools

32 :: MINDS AND MOTION

having indoor gymnasiums or equipment. Classes like “Minor

some amazing people. Part of our training in physical education

Games,” designed and taught initially by Albert Laithwaite

was teaching within our own classes, and teaching students in

and May Brown, were invaluable in enabling future teachers to

the compulsory courses.”

keep entire classrooms of young students engaged in physical

To help finance his education, Marshall refereed high school

activity in schools that had very little in the way of equipment

basketball games and organized and trained student referees for

and gymnasium space.

intramural games. Ironically, as he and many of his classmates

“We were guinea pigs,” said 1950 graduate Hugh Marshall,

reflected in later years, the practical experience gained in the

who had a long and successful career as a teacher and contributed

highly experimental formative years of UBC’s Department of

much to the growth of high school sport throughout the province.

Physical Education served them well in their teacher training

“Our UBC instructors were still finding their way when we went

and in their early careers. “We went into schools and set up

through. But it all worked out in the end because Osborne hired

curricula from the ground up, which was mostly determined

The 1947-48 basketball team coached by Bob Osborne defeated Montreal’s Young Men’s Hebrew Association (YMHA) to clinch the Canadian Basketball Championships and the right to represent Canada at the 1948 Olympic Games. With Osborne as coach, eight UBC players formed the nucleus of the Olympic team along with four team members from YMHA.

Chapter Two: FOUNDATION AND FRAME :: 33

Thunderbirds Take Flight A good number of UBC’s inaugural cohort of physical education students were members of UBC Thunderbird teams. There were basketball players Norman Watt, Reid Mitchell, Jackie Shearman, Doreen Fowler, Mearnie Summers and the great Nora McDermott, who was the top student in the inaugural graduating class of 1949 and later became the first woman to be inducted into the Canadian Basketball Hall of Fame. The varsity rugby squad included physical education students Eric Cardinall, Don Nesbitt and Bill Sainas, while Fred Andrew and Terry Nelford played hockey under UBC head coach and future National Hockey League Hall of Fame inductee Frank Fredrickson. Rounding out the list of varsity athletes among the first cohort were versatile track and field team member John Pavelich and football players Dick Mitchell and Jack Armour. Three other physical education students signed on as managers for varsity teams; Mac Porteous and Al Thiessen for hockey, and Dick Penn for men’s basketball.

Nora McDermott (pictured above) starred for the Thunderettes basketball team from 1945 to 1949, leading the team to the Vancouver Senior 'B' championships in 1947 and '48. She continued her basketball career with the Vancouver Eilers, winning nine Canadian championships in 14 seasons. She played for Canada at the Pan American Games and World Championships in 1955, 1959 and 1963. She also enjoyed a long career as a teacher and coach at Vancouver’s John Oliver Secondary School and later at Eric Hamber Secondary, where she was the first woman in British Columbia to be named head of physical education.

34 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Reid Mitchell, a member of the first graduating class of physical education students and later a faculty member, was one of Bob Osborne’s top varsity basketball players. He and his team mates on the 1947-48 team were inducted into the UBC Sports Hall of Fame in 1996.

by what kind of facilities the school had. But we were able

deployed to schools in British Columbia’s Lower Mainland,

to do that because of the practical experience we got as

Vancouver Island, Okanagan and West Kootenay regions.

UBC students. In that respect, we were far ahead of other

From these humble, but spirited beginnings, annual

new teachers.”

dispatches of youthful energy and talent flowed from UBC

At the University of British Columbia’s 1949 spring

to schools throughout the province. With each passing

congregation ceremonies, a total of 38 students became

year their influence grew stronger in establishing new

the first University of British Columbia graduates to

horizons in the education and socialization of youth, in

earn the degree of Bachelor of Physical Education. Most

entrenching cultures of active living in communities,

returned to UBC in the fall to begin a year of teacher train-

and in shaping the very identity of future generations of

ing within the Department of Education, and from there

British Columbians.

Members of the first graduating class of physical education students gather for a photo in front of the library building on May 13, 1949, marking an early milestone in the history of the UBC School of Kinesiology.

Chapter Two: FOUNDATION AND FRAME :: 35

CHAP TER

3

The Early Years

IN ADDITION TO RECRUITING FACULTY, ONE OF BOB OSBORNE’S MOST IMPORTANT TASKS IN OVERSEEING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION WAS THE ACQUISITION OF APPROPRIATE SPACE IN WHICH THE PROGRAM COULD GROW, AND NO PRIORITY WAS OF GREATER IMPORTANCE IN THAT REGARD THAN ESTABLISHING A MODERN GYMNASIUM. FORTUNATELY, SUCH AN UNDERTAKING ALIGNED WELL WITH A DESIRE ON THE PART OF THE ALMA MATER SOCIETY AND THE UNIVERSITY TO BUILD A WAR MEMORIAL FOR THE 247 STUDENTS LOST IN THE TWO WORLD WARS.

UBC’s war dead included physical education graduate, James Douglas Hamilton. After serving as a navy patrolman in the North Atlantic during World War II, Hamilton enrolled in the UBC Canadian Officer Training Corps while studying for his physical education degree, and returned to action as a lieutenant in the battle for the Korean Peninsula. After learning that he had been killed in action, his friends and classmates established an undergraduate bursary, the Lieutenant James Douglas Hamilton Prize, in his memory.

38 :: MINDS AND MOTION

With students and alumni driving the fundraising campaign to

with a sprung maple floor, a smaller gym in its basement

build War Memorial Gymnasium, Osborne focused upon work-

for boxing, wrestling and tumbling, six bowling alleys,

ing with the Alma Mater Society and the university to ensure

a cafeteria, a steam room, and a physiotherapy room. It

the proposed building’s finer details could meet the needs of

also housed the new headquarters of the Department of

the program and other university purposes. These included

Physical Education, which consisted of an office for Osborne

its use as an exam hall, a venue for convocation ceremonies

and another large room with an assortment of desks for a

and the annual campus Remembrance Day services, which

growing roster of teaching staff. The imposing edifice also

were held in the entry foyer where names of fallen student

stood as a compelling symbol of the university’s bred-in-the

soldiers were enshrined on bronze wall plaques.

bone sport culture and its commitment to excellence in

In a fitting coincidence, the architect selected to design

physical education, however, with its use almost exclusively

the new gymnasium was former UBC oarsman and 1932

restricted to male teams and students, it also reflected pre-

Olympic medalist, Charles Edward (Ned) Pratt. After gradu-

vailing attitudes concerning gender and sport.

ating from the School of Architecture at the University of

In 1952 Senate approved the reorganization of the depart-

Toronto in 1946, Pratt returned to Vancouver and joined

ment as the School of Physical Education, and the program

the architecture firm of Sharp and Thompson, which had

assumed greater autonomy over its operations and planning.

done the planning and design work for the UBC campus in

By this time, the curricula for all four years had been more or

1913 along with four of its original buildings. At a cost of

less solidified after a certain amount of trial and error in the

$750,000, the 3,000-seat War Memorial Gym took 17 months

program’s formative stages. Maintaining its primary focus on

to build and was officially opened on February 23, 1951

training physical educators, the school required its students

with Jack Pomfret coaching the Thunderbirds in a basketball

to complete a predetermined series of activity courses that

game against Eastern Washington, followed by a student

covered rules of play and basic skills across a broad spectrum

“sock hop.”

of team and individual sports. Individual courses were also

It was, at the time, the largest gymnasium at any

required in sport history and sport administration, both taught

Canadian university, comprised of the main gymnasium

by Bob Osborne. In addition, physical education students

Left: Game day for the UBC varsity XV against an Oxford-Cambridge combined side in 1955.

Left to right: BC Rugby Union president Bob Spray, UBC coach Albert Laithwaite, men’s athletic director Bus Phillips and Oxford coach Peter Kininmonth.

Below: Bob Osborne and Canadian Governor General Vincent Massey inspect War Memorial Gym on February 24, 1951.

were required to take an equal number of courses from other departments within the Faculty of Arts and Science, including junior level graduation prerequisites.

“There was no customization in physical education; everybody had to take the same thing,” recalled 1950 graduate Carol Slight. “You also needed four courses a year from arts and science, so obtaining a degree in physical education essentially meant taking a double major.”

Physical education students also continued to assist faculty members to teach junior level activity courses that were now compulsory for all UBC students. The practical experience continued to be valuable for the majority who would enter teacher training the year after receiving their physical education degrees. As demand for the compulsory classes continued to rise in step with general student population growth, new faculty members were added, beginning in the fall of 1948 with the appointment of an accomplished Canadian golfer and tennis player named Marjorie Leeming. A one-time competitor in the US Open in tennis, Leeming came to UBC after many years of teaching and administrative service in Vancouver schools, but resigned her teaching post just three years later to accept a job as assistant to UBC Dean of Women, Dr. Dorothy Mawdsley.

Other early newcomers to the women’s program included Hawaiian-born dance specialist Marjorie Miller and gymnastics

Chapter Three: THE EARLY YEARS :: 39

Left: 1949 graduate and faculty member Dick Penn was the manager of the varsity basketball team and coach of the junior varsity team. He married Marjorie Miller, a dance specialist who also taught in the Department of Physical Education in its early years. They had four children together, including son Gordon, who was a 1978 BPE graduate and an all-star running back with the Thunderbirds football team.

Below: The fortunes of the Thunderbirds hockey team soared in 1950, led by physical education students Terry Nelford and Clare Drake, when the Thunderbirds defeated the 1949 US champion Colorado College in a best-ofthree series and then won the western Canada championships against the heavily favoured Alberta Golden Bears, coached by Maury Van Vliet. Drake went on to an extraordinary coaching career at Alberta and induction into Canada’s Hockey Hall of Fame.

40 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Marjorie Leeming, an accomplished golfer and tennis player, was appointed to the faculty in 1948. A one-time competitor in the US Open in tennis, Leeming came to UBC after many years of teaching and administrative service in Vancouver schools.

Helen Eckert taught women’s basketball and archery and was the coach of UBC’s first women’s varsity volleyball team. While at UBC, Eckert undertook an examination of competitive basketball among women, which resulted in the elimination of the ill-conceived “girls rules” of basketball at UBC and elsewhere.

Frank Gnup attracted a stream of outstanding student-athletes to both the Thunderbirds football and baseball teams. Gnup’s football teams struggled against their more experienced and better-funded American opponents in the US Evergreen Conference.

In his first three seasons, the Thunderbirds posted a record of 6-17, prompting the team’s withdrawal from American intercollegiate play to join the newly formed Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association. Gnup’s team won the inaugural conference championship in 1959 and qualified for UBC’s first-ever national football championship appearance.

teacher Helen Bryan, a native of northwestern Ontario and

player and scoring leader with the Thunderbirds in the mid-1970s.

and pro levels, winning more than 100 games each with San

physical education graduate of McGill, where she had been

In addition to hiring teaching staff, Osborne appointed

Diego State University and the San Diego Chargers, and earning

a classmate of May Brown. Subsequent hires on the women’s

former Pro-Rec instructor, R.J. “Bus” Phillips, as men’s athletic

side were 1952 UBC graduate Diane Bancroft, another dance

director in 1953, thanks in part to the work of physical education

Coryell’s successor was Frank Gnup, a graduate of New

specialist who attended graduate school at the prestigious

student Brock Ostrom, whose lobbying efforts resulted in the

York’s Manhattan College. Gnup came to UBC in 1955 at the

Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts, and Helen

Alma Mater Society implementing an annual student fee of

invitation of Shrum, who had approached him in Hamilton

Eckert, who taught women’s basketball and archery and later

$3.25 to pay for enhancements to the men’s varsity program.

during Gnup’s time as a player with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

became the coach of UBC’s first women’s varsity volleyball team.

Phillips’ appointment relieved Osborne of the task of oversee-

Renowned at UBC for his football savvy and magnanimous

While at UBC, Eckert undertook a scientific examination of

ing the administrative demands of the varsity teams, which in

personality, Gnup attracted a stream of outstanding student-

competitive basketball among women. After concluding that

the case of the men’s teams included an increasing amount of

athletes to both the Thunderbirds football and baseball teams.

no ill-effects were in evidence among girls and women who

travel for intercollegiate play and recruitment of highly special-

He also enlisted the help of a recent physical education graduate

played competitively, the so-called “girls’ rules” of basketball

ized coaches. With Osborne’s support, Phillips successfully

and newly appointed faculty member named Bob Hindmarch

were discontinued at UBC and elsewhere.

convinced university administration to provide direct funding

as assistant football coach. As was the case with UBC teams

Newcomers on the men’s side included recent graduates

to complement the athletic fees paid by students. Now with

under Coryell, however, Gnup’s charges struggled against their

Reid Mitchell and Dick Penn, the latter of whom coached junior

sufficient funds to pursue top-flight coaches, Phillips and the

more experienced and better-funded American opponents in

varsity basketball and headed up the growing intramural sports

omnipresent Gordon Shrum wasted no time in hiring Seattle

the US Evergreen Conference. In his first three seasons, the

program. Shortly after his appointment, Penn married Marjorie

native and University of Washington graduate, Don Coryell, as

Thunderbirds posted a record of 6-17, prompting Phillips and

Miller. They subsequently raised four children, one of whom was

football coach. Coryell stayed just two seasons before returning

Osborne to withdraw from American intercollegiate play to

physical education graduate Gordon Penn, an all-star football

to the USA where he achieved storied success at both the college

become full members of the newly formed Western Canada

a place in the NFL Hall of Fame.

Chapter Three: THE EARLY YEARS :: 41

Albert Laithwaite’s 1951 varsity rugby team, pictured celebrating its McKechnie Cup victory that year, is regarded as one of the finest in UBC history.

42 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Peter Mullins, a 29 year-old Australian decathlete and 1948 Olympian, was appointed in 1955 to teach and coach track and field. Mullins had previously received a track scholarship to Washington State University where he lettered in both track and basketball and earned a master’s degree.

He received a doctorate from Washington State in 1961.

After assisting Osborbe to set up the department, Douglas Whittle became the first faculty member appointed on the men’s side, and was assigned duties which included teaching swimming and gymnastics, coaching the men’s swimming and junior varsity basketball teams and a variety of administrative duties.

Intercollegiate Athletic Association (WCIAA). Gnup’s team met

whose members included an accomplished oarsman named

with great success in the first year in the new league, winning

Frank Read. After an injury ended his career, Read entered the

the conference championship in 1959 and qualifying for UBC’s

hotel business, but returned to the sport as a coach of the VRC/

first-ever national football championship appearance.

UBC oarsmen owing to a cooperative partnership brokered in

In the same year that Gnup arrived at UBC, Phillips also hired

1949 between Osborne and the rowing club’s directors. His

a 29 year-old Australian decathlete and 1948 Olympian named

intensive training program soon produced results, exemplified

Peter Mullins to teach and coach track and field. Mullins had

by VRC/UBC crews competing against top Canadian teams,

received his Diploma of Physical Education at Sydney Teachers

including the Toronto Argonauts, whose eight-man crew

College in Australia, and subsequently received a track scholar-

defeated Read’s students for the right to represent Canada at

ship to Washington State University where he lettered in both

the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games.

track and basketball and earned a master’s degree. He received

Rugby teams also enjoyed tremendous success under the

a doctorate from Washington State in 1961, making him the

coaching of Albert Laithwaite, and later Max Howell, who

second Australian physical education faculty member to do so

first came to Vancouver in 1948 as a 19-year-old member of

after his countryman Max Howell, who had been appointed to

the Australian national team. On numerous occasions the

UBC’s faculty in 1954 after completing doctoral studies at the

UBC Varsity XV won the coveted McKechnie Cup provincial

University of California, Berkeley.

championship, thanks to a seemingly endless list of outstand-

Athletic talent was abundant among UBC students in the

ing players, including physical education students Marshal

1950s, particularly within sports that underscored Vancouver’s

Smith, Ted Hunt, Don Shore and a former British military

enduring British foundations. Rowing had long been popular in

policeman named Bob Morford. The Thunderbirds soccer team

the city thanks to the presence of the Vancouver Rowing Club,

was similarly dominant in the Lower Mainland league, and

Marshal Smith Marshal Smith was one of Albert Laithwaite’s top rugby players between 1947 and 1951. A member of the school’s second graduating class in 1950, he married classmate Patricia McIntosh, a gifted basketball player for the Vancouver Eilers and a member of Canada’s 1955 Pan American Games team. Unlike the bulk of his classmates, Smith did not pursue a teaching career but rather followed a series of escalating leadership positions in the emerging field of municipal parks and recreation.

Energetic and practically minded, Smith earned the respect of his peers and elected members of Vancouver’s Board of Parks and Recreation, particularly during the early stages of his career when he led the design and construction of the city’s popular Kitsilano and Kerrisdale Community Centres. He was eventually named the first-ever director of recreation for the Board of Parks and Recreation and was a co-founder of the BC Recreation Association, a professional organization that included a growing number of UBC graduates.

He also left his marks upon the School of Physical Education as a member of the committee that in 1958 proposed and recommended a new degree program in recreation education.

Chapter Three: THE EARLY YEARS :: 43

Left: 1948 UBC men’s swim team at Crystal Pool on downtown Vancouver’s Beach Avenue.

Middle: UBC Eight crosses the finish line in a gold medal finish in the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Top, right: The 1956 Varsity Four were first UBC athletes to win Olympic gold medals, in 1956 in Melbourne. The crew included physical education student and future faculty member Don Arnold (far right).

44 :: MINDS AND MOTION

as a result moved up to the highly competitive Pacific Coast

occur in the pool, however, but on a rowing course set on the

League in 1951. The team’s top player in the late forties was,

Vedder Canal near the Fraser Valley town of Chilliwack. As

by all accounts, Jack Cowan, who became the first UBC player

the Duke of Windsor and a few thousand spectators looked

to play for a European professional side when he signed with

on, an eight-man crew of UBC students that had trained

Scotland’s Dundee United in 1949. Following Cowan’s departure,

under Frank Read defeated the heavily favoured British crew

physical education student Bill Popowich became UBC’s most

to win gold medals. At the invitation of a noticeably impressed

prolific scorer, netting 12 of UBC’s 30 goals in their inaugural

Prince Philip, the British Empire Games champions went to

season in the Pacific Coast League.

England the following summer to compete in the prestigious

Not surprisingly, the news that Vancouver had been chosen

Henley Royal Regatta, where they finished second to the USA

as the site of the 1954 British Empire Games was greeted with

after defeating the defending world champion Soviets. UBC

great enthusiasm on Point Grey, particularly when Osborne

rowers continued to train under Read thanks to the ongoing

announced that an international-sized pool and diving plat-

partnership with the Vancouver Rowing Club, one that paid

form would be constructed as a competition venue next to

off once again at the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games

War Memorial Gym. The fortunes of the swim team improved

where a four-man crew that included physical education

immeasurably as a result of the new pool on campus, building on

student and future faculty member Don Arnold won the

a solid foundation established by Doug Whittle, who until this

university’s first Olympic gold medal. Later that same day,

time had coached UBC’s men’s swim team and taught swimming

physical education student Wayne Pretty was part of Canada’s

and lifesaving classes at Crystal Pool in downtown Vancouver.

eight-man crew that claimed silver medals in a tight race with

The most glorious moment of the Games for UBC did not

a powerful American boat from Yale University. The success of

the UBC crews in Melbourne further entrenched Vancouver, and UBC, as training centres for aspiring competitive rowers who would represent Canada at future Olympic Games, including medal-winning performances for UBC students in 1960 in Rome and 1964 in Tokyo.

Melbourne also proved to be a showcase for UBC’s other international-calibre competitors. With Jack Pomfret serving as an assistant coach, basketball players Ron Bisset, John McLeod and Ed Wild competed for Canada in the Melbourne Games, as did track athletes Doug Kyle and a young medicine student named Doug Clement, who in later years would play an important role in establishing a sport medicine clinic at UBC in partnership with the

Frank Read Under rowing coach Frank Read, the success of VRC/ UBC rowing crews at the 1954 British Empire Games and in the 1956 Olympic Games further entrenched Vancouver and UBC as training centres for aspiring rowers who would represent Canada in future Olympic Games, including medal winning performances in 1960 in Rome and 1964 in Tokyo.

School of Physical Education. Overall, the appearance and triumph of so many UBC students in Melbourne sent a clear signal to all of Canada that UBC and its varsity athletic program had become a destination for many of the nation’s finest student-athletes, including those who aspired to compete against the world’s best.

Chapter Three: THE EARLY YEARS :: 45

It would take some years, however, before UBC’s female students enjoyed the same opportunities in competitive sport as their male counterparts. Although intercollegiate sport was well entrenched on Point Grey, it continued to exclude women’s competition. The noticeably skilled and well-coached “Thunderettes” women’s basketball team, by way of example, continued to play in the Lower Mainland’s senior leagues, with their schedules augmented only slightly by friendly intercollegiate matches with Western Washington University, Whitworth and Everett colleges, or by the occasional train trip to the University of Alberta or the University of Saskatchewan. UBC’s women’s field hockey teams also enjoyed tremendous success in local competition. Under the coaching of May Brown, UBC was consistently victorious success in the highly competitive Greater Vancouver Senior Women’s Grass Hockey League, and was even more dominant against American teams, rarely losing a game in 10 consecutive tournament victories at the Northwest Collegiate Championships in Seattle.

One of May Brown’s field hockey standouts during this period was 1952 physical education graduate Barbara “Bim” Schrodt. Inspired by Brown’s passion and expertise as a physical educator, Schrodt attended graduate school at the University of Oregon where she earned a master’s degree in 1957. In the meantime, however, her former coach and mentor left UBC in 1955 and was temporarily replaced by a former McGill classmate named Alice Trevis. Trevis’ decision to return to Montreal after just two years at UBC opened the door for Barbara Schrodt to return to her alma mater as a teacher, field hockey coach and the university’s first women’s athletic director.

Schrodt’s return to Point Grey and her influence upon women’s athletics was just one element of the evolutionary period that took hold within the school in the latter part of the 1950s. Another was the closure of the Vancouver Normal School in 1956, which resulted in the Department of Education at UBC expanding to offer full degree programs, including undergraduate courses in physical education. With demand for physical education instruction at UBC now at an all-time high, teachers from the Vancouver Normal School received joint appointments in the School of Physical Education and Department of Education. A third element was the expansion of public municipal recreation facilities and services in urban regions throughout the province, and an emergent need for the training of sport and recreation administrators that the UBC School of Physical Education was uniquely positioned to provide.

Finally, amid so much change both on the campus and in communities throughout the province, discussions about UBC becoming home to Canada’s first graduate program in physical education pointed to an even more promising destiny.

46 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Left: Marilyn Peterson (bottom row, far left) led the Thunderettes to UBC’s first-ever Western Canadian Women’s Basketball Championship in 1960. Peterson was also active in student affairs and together with fellow student Bob Schutz drafted proposals for curriculum reform.

After completing her master’s degree at the University of Oregon, 1951 BPE graduate Barbara (Bim) Schrodt (top row, far right) returned to UBC as a faculty member and women’s grass hockey coach.

Chapter Three: THE EARLY YEARS :: 47

CHAP TER

4

Scope and Spectrum

DR. MAX HOWELL WAS ALREADY WELL KNOWN WITHIN UBC’S RUGBY FRATERNITY WHEN HE JOINED THE FACULTY OF THE SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN 1954, HAVING FIRST SET FOOT IN VANCOUVER AS A BRILLIANT 19-YEAR-OLD CENTRE WITH THE AUSTRALIAN WALLABIES ON THE FINAL LEG OF A NINE-MONTH 1947-48 WORLD TOUR. BORN IN 1927 INTO A DEPRESSION-STRICKEN SYDNEY FAMILY, HOWELL WAS INORDINATELY GIFTED AS BOTH A RUGBY PLAYER AND SWIMMER. HE WAS ALSO DEEPLY INFLUENCED BY HIS TEACHERS AT SYDNEY TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL AND WAS DETERMINED AT AN EARLY AGE TO PURSUE A CAREER IN EDUCATION.

After obtaining an undergraduate degree at Sydney Teachers’

During his time at Berkeley, he was at the core of the varsity

College, he returned to North America in 1950 to enter a master’s

rugby team, playing in every World Cup series, an annual

program at the University of California, Berkeley, one of only

two-match home-and-away encounter between Berkeley and

three schools in the western United States to offer graduate

UBC, with the winner laying claim to a trophy presented by

studies in physical education at the time. He finished his master’s

the Vancouver World newspaper. After receiving his doctorate

degree in 1952 and his doctorate in 1954, becoming the first

at the age of 27, he made plans to return to Australia, however

Australian to obtain a PhD in physical education, and just the

a UBC physical education student and varsity rugby standout

third such doctorate recipient in North America.

named Bill Whyte approached Bob Osborne on Howell’s behalf, urging him to find a way to bring him to UBC as a faculty member and coach. Having knowledge of both his academic

Dr. Maxwell Howell’s arrival in 1954 sparked a turning point in the evolution of the UBC School of Physical Education and the development of sport studies and sport science as academic disciplines at both the graduate and undergraduate levels. After almost 20 years at the University of Alberta, Howell returned to Australia in 1981 as Foundation Professor in the Department of Human Movement Studies at The University of Queensland, a role from which he begrudgingly faced mandatory retirement in 1992. In 2003, he was awarded the Order of Australia for service as a pioneer in the development of sports studies and sport science as academic disciplines and to the study of sports history. As the years went by he became an increasingly prolific publisher, having written more than 50 books and 300 articles by the time he passed away in February 2014.

credentials and rugby skills, Osborne extended an invitation that Howell readily accepted.

In addition to teaching, he became the UBC swim coach, an assistant varsity rugby coach under Albert Laithwaite, and head coach of the UBC Braves junior varsity side. The Braves were undefeated in three of the five seasons in which Howell was coach. When Laithwaite retired in 1959, Howell took over the varsity head coaching reins and began to garner national notoriety as a coaching innovator. Under his leadership the Thunderbirds won the 1960 Miller Cup as city champions, followed by the BC Rugby Union’s 1961 McKechnie Cup and the World Cup that same year. In swimming, he guided UBC to the US Evergreen Conference championship in 1955, an

50 :: MINDS AND MOTION

experience he later recalled as one of the greatest thrills he

before and after all-out training performances by Dr. Charles

had as a UBC coach. He was also director of BC Red Cross

Gordon (“Chargo”) Campbell, assistant dean of the UBC Faculty

Water Safety programs through much of his time in Vancouver,

of Medicine and the father of a future British Columbia premier.

and did much to promote swimming and swimming instruction

A Vancouver Sun reporter took note of what was the first example

throughout the province.

of applied sport and exercise science in British Columbia,

Although greatly admired by both his students and athletes, Howell made his most profound and lasting mark on the School

Max Howell training with some of his top UBC players.

Left to right: Gerald McGavin, physical education student Ted Hunt, Howell and Neil Henderson.

describing it as a process “by men in white coats, stethoscopes and mathematical formulae.”

of Physical Education by becoming the first faculty member to

Under Howell’s direction and with Osborne’s full support, the

conduct research. His inaugural study was a two-part process

UBC School of Physical Education instituted the first master’s

using elite swimmers as test subjects. The first part comprised

degree program in the British Commonwealth, with Howell

tests of motor ability founded on a standard US Navy physical

himself supervising the first students in the persons of Bob

fitness test. The second consisted of electrocardiograms taken

Morford and Richard Alderman, who received their master’s

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 51

Choreographer and dancer Helen Goodwin taught in both the School of Physical Education and the Theatre Department.

Long-time faculty member Anne Tilley was a growth and development specialist who conducted substantive applied work in adaptive skill development.

The Anne D. Tilley Scholarship is awarded annually to a kinesiology student interested in developmental and intellectual disabilities.

certificates in 1959 and 1960, respectively. Morford’s keen interest in science and physical activity prompted him to follow Howell’s lead and enter doctoral studies at Berkeley, where he specialized in motor learning and performance, completing his dissertation under the supervision of Franklin Henry, one of the founders of the academic discipline. Alderman also went to Cal-Berkeley to complete his PhD and later pursued a successful career in sport psychology as a professor at the University of Alberta.

A handful of UBC physical education students influenced either directly or indirectly by Howell’s presence eventually went on to doctoral studies and were appointed to prominent positions in Canadian universities. These included a pair of promising undergraduates named Gerry Kenyon, who eventually became director of the School of Physical and Health Education at Waterloo University and later the president

1964 photo of Father David Bauer and Bob Hindmarch examining the peculiarities of Soviet skate sharpening techniques.

of the University of Lethbridge, and Gerry Glassford, who followed Alderman to the University of Alberta where he was eventually appointed dean of physical education. Bryce Taylor similarly pursued doctoral studies after obtaining a master’s

52 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The 1956 varsity rugby team included two physical education students who went on to become faculty members: Donn Spence (second row, far right) and Gary Sinclair (second row, second from right), as well as Ted Hunt (front row, third from left), a multi-sport athlete who received his MPE and PdD in the School and had a distinguished career as a Vancouver School Board teacher, administrator and author.

degree from UBC in 1962 and went on to become a founding director and professor of physical education at York University.

May Brown became the first woman to receive a master’s degree in physical education at UBC in 1961, ironically under the supervision of one of her former undergraduate students, Bob Hindmarch. After graduating in 1953, Hindmarch went on to complete a master’s degree at the University of Oregon and returned to UBC in 1955 as a physical education instructor and assistant football coach. An influential sport figure in future years both at UBC and the Canadian Olympic Committee, Hindmarch was appointed as an assistant professor in 1961 while completing his doctoral studies. Another of Howell’s former students, a fellow Australian named John Dennison, obtained his master’s degree in 1960 and PhD at the University of Washington before returning to UBC and a long career in the Faculty of Education. One of Howell’s top rugby players, Gary Sinclair, also went on to graduate studies at Oregon. After a short time teaching at McGill, Sinclair also returned to the

Gary Sinclair returned to the school as a faculty member in 1970 after completing a PhD at the University of Oregon. A tests and measurements expert, he initiated the first computer lab in order to train future teachers to collect and maintain physical fitness data required after the federal government introduced the Canada Fitness Awards. The application he developed was soon adopted by the Canadian Association of Physical Education Health and Recreation for use in schools across the nation. The computers were also made available to students and faculty for other purposes, representing an important turning point in the school’s evolution.

UBC School of Physical Education as a faculty member in 1970.

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 53

In addition to his research work, Howell was also responsible

Howell’s stamp on the School of Physical Education endured

Essondale Hospital in Coquitlam. Encouraged by the results

for introducing a testing and measurements class for

permanently, aided in part by fellow Australian Peter Mullins,

of patient treatment using sport and physical activity, he left

undergraduate students, taking the first step towards a wider

who had joined the faculty in 1955 and similarly advocated for

for New York to complete a master’s degree and doctorate at

curriculum that still comprised activity classes and a handful

a more science-intensive undergraduate curriculum. In 1963,

Columbia University, specializing in therapeutic recreation.

of courses in history of sport and sport administration taught

just two years after his departure, the school moved from the

Immediately after his arrival on Point Grey, Ramsey went to work

by Bob Osborne, along with standard prerequisites from the

Faculty of Arts and Sciences to the Faculty of Education. The

developing the new recreation curriculum. His efforts came to

Faculty of Arts and Science. But in 1961, frustrated by what he

curriculum promptly underwent significant changes, evolving

fruition in the fall of 1965 when the first students registered in

claimed was a lack of support for research and a more science-

into two programs: one for students primarily interested in

the Bachelor of Recreation Education program, receiving their

intensive curriculum, Howell left for the University of Alberta

teaching and another for those wishing to study the scientific

degrees four years thereafter at the 1969 spring Congregation

at the invitation of Maury Van Vliet, who entrusted him to

aspects of physical education in greater depth, a move supported

ceremonies. New faculty appointments were envisioned to

develop a graduate program. Though his time at UBC was short,

by Howell’s friend and countryman Peter Mullins and by a new

support leisure studies as well as recreation education and

faculty addition named Stanley Brown, who completed his

John Larsen was eventually hired and years later Max Innes

doctorate at the University of Illinois in exercise physiology

and Bonnie Long.

under Thomas Cureton, long regarded as a pioneer and luminary in the field.

But even before Ramsey arrived on Point Grey, UBC physical education graduates were already at work developing community centres and recreation programs in Vancouver and neighbouring

A Community Calling

municipalities, representing a minority of graduates who had not pursued teaching careers, but whose knowledge and training had proven valuable to municipalities throughout the province. One

In response to expansion of community-based recreation programs and facilities throughout the province, the school changed its name and mandate in 1960 to the UBC School of Physical Education and Recreation. Under the direction of newly appointed faculty member, Dick Ramsey, work began, to establish the foundation for a new program that would eventually lead to the degree of Bachelor of Recreation Education, in which the first students registered in the fall of 1965. Four years later, UBC Congregation ceremonies included the program’s first graduating class.

54 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The bifurcation in the curriculum was not, however, the only

such individual was Albert Thiessen, a member of the inaugural

example of the school’s widening academic spectrum. Its

graduating class of 1949, who was director of recreation in

further evolution was rooted in the 1954 election of a Social

Ramsey’s home town of New Westminster. Marshal Smith, of

Credit provincial government that quickly declared the Pro-

the class of 1950, was another pioneer in the field as director

Rec program an anachronism after the end of the Depression

of recreation for the City of Vancouver, where he made lasting

in which it had been conceived. In its place, the Provincial

marks by establishing multi-purpose community centres in

Department of Recreation Branch opted to grant funds to newly

place of sparsely equipped playgrounds, as did 1951 graduate

established municipal parks and recreation commissions to

Gordon Squire, who oversaw the design and construction of a

pursue their own plans. The result was the steady expansion

similar community centre in Burnaby.

of community-based recreation programs and facilities in

UBC graduates also became key contributors to the British

municipalities throughout the province, which in turn triggered

Columbia Recreation Association that was formed in 1958 thanks

the need for specialized expertise that the UBC School of

largely to the efforts of Marshal Smith and Bob Osborne, who

Physical Education was well positioned to fulfill. In response,

were among the association’s leaders and influencers. In that

the school changed its name and mandate to the UBC School

same year, as part of its celebration of the centennial of the

of Physical Education and Recreation in 1960, establishing the

creation of the Crown Colony of British Columbia, the provincial

foundation for a new program that would eventually lead to

government invited municipalities to submit anniversary

the degree of Bachelor of Recreation Education, and enlisted

funding proposals for centennial projects with a promise of

a new faculty member, British Columbia native Dick Ramsey,

33 cents per capita, with equal matching funds to be provided

to develop the program.

by municipal councils and the federal government for a total

Ramsey had served with the RCAF during the Second World

grant of one dollar for every resident within the communities

War and then went to George Williams College in Chicago, one

that made formal application. In response, Coquitlam, Port

of a number of American institutions cast in the YMCA mould.

Coquitlam and Maple Ridge were among those to use centennial

He subsequently served as a director with the YMCA in Toronto

funds to construct outdoor swimming pools, while other

and Edmonton before returning home to begin working for the

communities used the money to build arenas, playing fields

provincial mental health service as a recreation director at

and tennis courts.

School of Physical Education faculty members pictured at beginning of 1955-56 academic year.

Back row: Peter Mullins, Patricia Montgomery, Bob Hindmarch, Albert Laithwaite, Doug Whittle, Helen Eckert, Max Howell, Jack Pomfret. Seated: Marian Penny, Bob Osborne, Bus Phillips, Alice Trevis.

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 55

56

UBC's School of Physical Education played a prominent role in the formation of the British Columbia Recreation Association in 1958, with Bob Osborne serving as its inaugural president. Members of the BCRA, including 11 graduates of the school, are pictured at a 1964 conference in Prince George.

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 57

After completing his studies in 1962, Don Cunnings began a career that would see him become one of the most influential figures in the profession, beginning with his first post as director of Parks and Recreation for the City of Coquitlam, his election for two consecutive terms as president of the BC Recreation Association, and his subsequent election as vice-president of the Canadian Association of Physical Education, Health Education and Recreation.

Ken Winslade, a former Thunderbirds basketball standout and 1996 UBC Sports Hall of Fame inductee, completed his MPE in the school in 1963 and began a long and successful career in municipal administration, beginning with his first position as director of Parks and Recreation for the City of New Westminster.

1964 graduate Clyde Griffith became the first director of recreation for the lower mainland suburban communities of Delta and Surrey. He later went to work for his friend and former classmate Don Cunnings as director of Parks and Recreation for Port Coquitlam. He later held the role of recreation consultant to the BC provincial government for over 20 years.

58 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The growth in municipal infrastructure presented further opportunities for graduates of the school to influence emergent cultures of physical activity and recreation, including an accomplished gymnast and former Pro-Rec instructor named Don Cunnings. After completing his studies in 1962, Cunnings began a career that would see him become one of the most distinguished figures in the profession, beginning with his first post as director of Parks and Recreation for the City of Coquitlam, his election for two consecutive terms as president of the BC Recreation Association, and his subsequent election as vice-president of the Canadian Association of Physical Education, Health Education and Recreation.

Another key influencer was Ken Winslade, a former Thunderbirds basketball player who completed his master’s degree in 1963 and similarly had a long and distinguished career in municipal administration, beginning with his first position as director of Parks and Recreation for the City of New Westminster. Yet another was 1964 graduate Clyde Griffith, who arrived at UBC from his home of Trinidad and Tobago to pursue medical studies, but altered his plans as an undergraduate student and became the first director of recreation for the lower mainland suburban communities of Delta and Surrey. He later went to work for his friend Don Cunnings as director of Parks and Recreation for Port Coquitlam, where he prepared design and site location plans for the Port Coquitlam Recreation Centre, the first multi-purpose ice arena and recreation centre in the province.

National Sport System Progress in the development of the school’s academic programs in the 1960s was matched by the expansion of its varsity athletic program, particularly in the case of men’s teams that received the bulk of funding. In 1961, at the urging of Bob Osborne, a meeting of representatives from the Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association (WCIAA) member institutions was held at UBC and chaired by Professor Whit Matthews, then dean of pharmacy, that resulted in the WCIAA joining two other regional associations consisting of member institutions from Ontario and Quebec to form the Canadian Intercollegiate Athletic Union (CIAU), a national sport governing body under whose auspices the first official men’s national university championships were organized.

By this time the school oversaw a broad-based varsity program comprised of individual and team sports. In addition to the major sports, the program at various times included tennis, badminton, curling, gymnastics, swimming and diving, fencing, wrestling, baseball, figure skating, weightlifting, sailing, archery, judo, golf and skiing. The expansion in scope was largely the result of students having a great deal of formalized influence over the program’s make-up and development. The simple fact that student fees constituted the vast majority of funding for varsity teams provided the rationale for the student-driven administrative model, comprised of men’s and women’s athletic committees and directorates. The result was a form of student governance that, among other things, determined the hierarchy of “major” and “minor” sports. As athletic directors, Bus Phillips, Bim Schrodt, and later Marilyn Pomfret, had to be responsive to students’ concerns and skillful in building consensus among their elected representatives, as control of the varsity athletic program ultimately rested in the hands of students.

The formalization of the CIAU in 1961 was greeted enthusiastically by Osborne and Phillips, particularly since it presented an alternative league for the Thunderbirds football team, which continued to struggle in the US Evergreen Conference. The result was that the school officially

Students and Sport Governance By the close of the 1950’s, the School of Physical Education oversaw a broadbased varsity program comprised of both individual and team sports that were structured and categorized as either “major” or “minor.” In addition to the major sports of football, hockey, rugby, basketball, volleyball, rowing and soccer, the program at various times also included tennis, badminton, curling, gymnastics, swimming and diving, fencing, wrestling, baseball, figure skating, weightlifting, sailing, archery, judo, golf and skiing. The expansion in scope was largely the result of students having a great deal of formalized influence over the program’s make-up and development. The simple fact that student fees constituted the vast majority of funding for varsity teams provided the rationale for the student-driven administrative model, comprised of men’s and women’s athletic committees and directorates. As athletic directors, Bus Phillips, Bim Schrodt, and later Marilyn Pomfret, had to be responsive to students’ concerns and skillful in building consensus among their elected representatives, as control of the varsity athletic program ultimately rested in the hands of students.

In spite of the inherent challenges to maintain operational and fiscal control over the growing number of teams, both Schrodt and Pomfret expressed the belief that the role students played in administering the program augmented their learning experiences and provided them with unique opportunities to develop leadership skills that would serve them well in future years. Bob Osborne himself had served a term of student leadership in his undergraduate days, having been elected by acclamation in the spring of 1932 as President of the Men’s Athletic Committee.

In the above photo , Bim Schrodt (at lower right) is pictured with members of the Women’s Athletic Committee of 1959-60.

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 59

Jack Pomfret and assistant coach Reid Mitchell guided UBC’s basketball team to an undefeated season and the Western Canadian University Championship in 1961. Johnny Owen (front row, holding ball) was a skilled and universally admired trainer for varsity teams from 1937 until his sudden passing on New Year’s Day 1965.

Below: Frank Gnup’s 1959 Thunderbirds football team won the Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association championship that year and made its first appearance ever in the national championship that later became the Vanier Cup.

60 :: MINDS AND MOTION

retrenched from its aspirations to affiliate with a US college system, even though some teams had fared well against American teams. The men’s basketball team, by way of example, had proven to be worthy competitors against US teams, however head coach Jack Pomfret welcomed the move to the newly formed Canadian league and the opportunity to develop a made-in-Canada brand of university sport. Pomfret’s charges lost only one game on their way to winning the first two WCIAA league titles in 1960 and 1961, led by 1961 league MVP Ken Winslade. Future CIAU coaching legend Peter Mullins took over from Pomfret in the 1961-62 season and directed the team to its third straight conference crown. The strength of the basketball team throughout the 1960s was owed in part to the feeder program that existed in the form of a strong junior varsity team under the coaching of Norman Watt, a member of the inaugural physical education graduating class of 1949 and

Shortly after Simon Fraser University opened in 1965, UBC and SFU football and basketball teams began to meet annually in fiercely competitive and wellattended non-conference games. The first Shrum Bowl football game was played at Empire Stadium in 1967.

Led by physical education student Ron Thorsen (pictured at right), UBC won its first Buchanan Cup in 1970 with a 103-67 victory over Simon Fraser.

later a professor in the Faculty of Education. Under Watt, the UBC Junior Varsity Braves won back-to-back Canadian junior championships in 1966 and ‘67.

For Frank Gnup’s football team, however, repatriation was a much more gradual process. From 1959 to 1963 the Thunderbirds played single games against Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, yet continued to play exhibition contests against Western Washington, Pacific Lutheran and other American teams from the Pacific Northwest region. It wasn’t until 1970 that UBC exclusively joined Calgary, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba in a balanced home-and-away eight-game schedule, followed by playoff games leading to the Canadian College Bowl. The only non-conference game it played was against a new university atop Burnaby Mountain, one that startled universities across Canada by declaring its teams would compete exclusively as members of the US-based National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA).

With the arrival of Burnaby’s Simon Fraser University, a fierce

who had been called upon to oversee the construction of Simon Fraser at the request of then BC

cross-town sport rivalry was born.

Premier W.A.C. Bennett and to serve as its first chancellor. Coached by Lorne Davies, a former

In 1967 the Simon Fraser Clansmen

assistant coach to UBC’s Gnup, SFU won the inaugural contest 32-13 before some 14,000 fans at

and the UBC Thunderbirds met

Vancouver’s Empire Stadium.

for the first time in a football game

The cross-town rivalry extended to basketball in 1968 with the universities’ two respective

that became an annual classic,

teams meeting in an annual two-game total-point series for the Buchanan Cup, named after

appropriately named the Shrum Bowl

then-UBC Chancellor John Buchanan. UBC’s rugby team was next to establish a tradition with

in honour of UBC’s Gordon Shrum,

their counterparts from Burnaby Mountain. Coached by physical education graduate Donn Spence

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 61

Physical education student Roger Jackson (right) and fellow UBC student George Hungerford are pictured with gold medals after winning the pair event at the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games.

62 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Physical education student Ken Broderick enrolled at UBC in 1962 to play for Father David Bauer on the 1962-63 Thunderbirds hockey team and on the 1964 Olympic team that was comprised of UBC students.

The 1966 winner of the Bobby Gaul Trophy as UBC’s most outstanding male athlete, Broderick continued to play for Canada’s national team, winning a bronze medal at the 1968 Winter Olympic Games. He then went on to play for seven seasons in the NHL with the Boston Bruins and Minnesota North Stars, followed by three seasons in the WHA with the Edmonton Oilers and Quebec Nordiques before retiring from professional hockey in 1978.

and led by Don Crompton and Dave Austin, UBC defeated SFU

games, physical education student Roger Jackson and arts

Bauer convinced the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association

18-6 in their inaugural contest in March of 1969. Days later,

student George Hungerford won Olympic gold in double sculls,

to establish a national team consisting of former junior and

one of UBC’s finest soccer teams, winners of the 1969 Pacific

further demonstrating that the VRC/UBC program had become

university players who would all be registered as students at

Coast League championship, shut out SFU 5-0, led by physical

a training centre for some of the world’s best. The 1964 Olympic

UBC. Bauer took over as coach of the Thunderbirds shortly after

education students John Haar, Ash Valdal, Dick Mosher and the

Games also saw UBC students Victor Warren, son of UBC sport

his arrival on Point Grey. Together with assistant coach Bob

brother combination of Gary and Wayne Thompson.

pioneer Professor Harry Warren, Lee Wright, John Young and

Hindmarch, he guided the team to its first WCIAA Championship

The number of Olympic athletes from UBC continued to

Peter Buckland represent their country on Canada’s entry in

and an eventual berth in the 1963 CIAU Championships final and

increase as Osborne and Phillips augmented their coaching

field hockey. Gymnasts and physical education students Sandra

a 3-2 loss to McMaster. A year later, with Hindmarch serving

rosters through partnerships and through the appointment of

Hartley and Bill Mackie qualified for the Olympic Games in

as general manager, Bauer coached the UBC-based national

off-campus coaches, including Vancouver Rowing Club head

1968 and 1972, respectively.

team to a 5-2 record at the 1964 Winter Olympic Games and a

coach Frank Read, who Osborne convinced to come out of

The arrival of Father David Bauer at UBC in 1962 gave the

retirement to again coach UBC crews in the months leading

school yet another opportunity to play a role in the training and

fourth-place finish.

UBC’s broad-based varsity program also included, from

up to their triumph in the 1960 Canadian championships and

development of Olympic athletes. An outstanding junior hockey

1950 to 1966, a baseball team coached in succession by Jelly

Olympic Games qualification regatta in St. Catharines, Ontario.

player in his native Ontario, the Basilian priest coached Toronto’s

Anderson, Bill Whyte and Frank Gnup, and a men’s curling

Just weeks later the UBC crew once again made Canadian sport

St. Michael’s College to a Memorial Cup championship in 1961

team that won the 1965 BC senior championships and then

history by winning Olympic silver medals in Rome following

before being appointed as chaplain of UBC’s St. Mark’s College

represented the province in the Brier. The golf team, coached

a hair’s-breadth loss to Germany. Four years later at the Tokyo

in 1962. A firm believer in combining sport and education,

for a time by Canadian touring pro Stan Leonard played

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 63

In his final season at UBC, physical education student Ron Thorsen led the Thunderbirds basketball team to the 1972 CIAU Championship final by scoring 43 points in a 117-84 win in a semi-final over the University of Windsor Lancers before a capacity crowd at War Memorial Gym. UBC went on to win the final 87-80 over Acadia in what would be Thorsen’s final game as a Thunderbird, capping off a four-year career in which he set an all-time CIAU career scoring record of 2,059 points.

64 :: MINDS AND MOTION

intercollegiate tournaments up and down the Washington,

with Thorsen and fellow physical education students Derek

Oregon and California coasts. Thunderbird rugby teams were

Sankey, Joe Kainer, John Mills and Rod Matheson teaming up

perennial powerhouse squads playing in the Vancouver Rugby

to down SFU by a convincing 103-67 margin before 6,892 fans

Union First Division and the Northwest Intercollegiate Rugby

at Vancouver’s Pacific Coliseum.

Conference, as well as in the McKechnie Cup series against the Vancouver, Victoria and Northwest rugby unions.

Meanwhile, the competitive landscape of university sport in Western Canada expanded in the latter half of the 1960s

UBC’s first CIAU championship was awarded in 1965 to

as new institutions cropped up, including the universities of

the men’s swim team, coached by Jack Pomfret. The second

Calgary and Lethbridge, along with the inauguration of a varsity

was won by the 1966-67 men’s volleyball team, led by physical

program at the University of Victoria. WCIAA conference play-

education student and future UBC coach Dale Ohman. Next in

off formulas expanded and national championships increasingly

line for a CIAU crown was the 1969-70 men’s basketball team.

became the ultimate desired outcomes of men’s teams from

Coached by Mullins, the Thunderbirds went undefeated all

Victoria to Winnipeg. On an increasingly conspicuous level,

the way to the championship final where they defeated the

however, the same opportunities for women’s teams were not

McMaster Marauders 96-75. Physical education student Ron

in evidence. While the bulk of UBC’s men’s teams participated

Thorsen, who set three UBC scoring records that season, was

in interuniversity competition, women’s teams continued

named the CIAU Championship MVP. The team’s overall record

to compete within local senior leagues. But as national and

of 24-0 that season included UBC’s first Buchanan Cup victory,

conference championships for men continued to grow, so did

discontent among a growing number of female students, some of whom argued that the School of Physical Education itself treated its female students as an appendage in comparison to their male counterparts, and advocated for a learning environment characterized by a non-competitive orientation towards physical education. The disparity was nowhere more evident than by the austere and undersized facility that was home to female physical education students and their teachers. Built in 1929 as Varsity Gymnasium, the building was renamed the Women’s Gymnasium after War Memorial Gym was completed in 1951 and became headquarters for the men’s program. But as the years went by, forces of change were mobilizing.

One of the pioneer proponents of gender equity within both UBC and the CIAU was former physical education student Marilyn Russell. Following her graduation from UBC, Russell taught school in her home town of Winnipeg and later at West Vancouver High School. In 1963 she made her way back to Point Grey to teach in the UBC School of Physical Education, coach the women’s volleyball team and eventually take over from Bim Schrodt as women’s athletic director. For many years, beginning in her undergraduate days as president of the Women’s Athletic Association, she had observed first-hand

Co-coaches Ken Shields and Norm Vickery, both School of Physical Education graduates, directed an outstanding roster that included physical education students Brenda McFarlane, Wendy Grant, Terri McGovern, Joanne Sargent and Kathy Shields (nee Williams). Although national university championships for women had not yet been inaugurated, the team won both the 1970 Canada West and Canadian Senior A championship. McGovern, Sargent and Shields went on to play for Canada’s national team. Subsequently married, Ken and Kathy Shields rose to prominence in basketball coaching with the University of Victoria and with Canada’s men’s and women’s national teams.

how UBC’s female athletes possessed an equally competitive spirit as did their male counterparts, in stark contrast to the prevailing perception that women were too delicate for strenuous physical activities.

As women’s athletic director, Russell’s resolve grew steadily stronger to address the issue of the ever-widening chasm between the opportunities afforded male and female students and student-athletes. Above all, she refused to accept that there were no CIAU championships for women, even though the WCIAA now included a women’s regular-season basketball schedule and conference championship. In the same 1969-70 season that Mullins’ men’s squad swept all opponents en route to their widely feted national title, the Thunderettes went 32-6 overall and won the WCIAA Championships as well as the Canadian Senior A Championships, but had no opportunity to compete for a national university championship. Interestingly, Russell had already taken the matter to the CIAU Annual General Meeting just a few months earlier in June of 1969. As the representative of a group of six female university athletic administrators from across Canada, she challenged the maledominated organization to address the gender issue. What happened there and in the weeks and months that followed set the stage for radical change in the structure and delivery of Canadian university sport.

Marilyn Pomfret As a UBC physical education student, Marilyn Pomfret (nee Russell) was actively involved in student affairs, beginning with her election to the Physical Education Undergraduate Society executive and as a member of the UBC Women's Undergraduate Society. As a third-year student in 1953-54, she was elected president of the Women's Athletic Directorate and was also a member of the Alma Mater Society executive. She graduated in 1954 but returned to UBC in 1963 to teach and coach the varsity women’s volleyball team for 11 seasons, guiding her team to three Western Canada university championships and two CIAU national titles. She later assumed the responsibilities of director of Women's Athletics. Her involvement in national university sport governance under the auspices of the CIAU and her dedication to the principles of equality led to improvements, both at UBC and nationally, in opportunities for female student-athletes. Following her retirement in 1986 she was awarded the CIAU Austin-Matthews Award for outstanding contribution to the development of university sport in Canada and a Vancouver YWCA Woman of Distinction Award. She is also a member of the BC and UBC Sports Halls of Fame.

Chapter Four: SCOPE AND SPECTRUM :: 65

CHAP TER

5

Equity Evolution

AS THRONGS OF SUMMER TOURISTS MINGLED OUTSIDE THE ICONIC BANFF SPRINGS HOTEL, DISCUSSIONS INSIDE HEATED UP AMONG DELEGATES TO THE 1969 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE CANADIAN INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETIC UNION. THE ISSUE WAS GENDER INEQUITY, A THORNY TOPIC BROUGHT TO THE FORE BY A DETERMINED GROUP LED BY THE UBC SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION’S MARILYN POMFRET (NÉE RUSSELL).

With the support of delegates from McGill and the universities of

UBC’s 1969-70 women’s gymnastics team won the Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association championship and competed in the first-ever national championships for women under the auspices of the newly founded Canadian Women’s Intercollegiate Athletic Union. The team included physical education student and 1968 Olympian Sandra Hartley (third from right).

Alberta, Toronto and Saskatchewan, Pomfret put forth a motion to the General Assembly to inaugurate national university championships for women. When CIAU president Maury Van Vliet called for a vote on the resolution, it was defeated on the grounds of prohibitive expense for both the organization and its member institutions. Although Van Vliet had verbally supported the resolution on behalf of the University of Alberta, he was compelled to side with the opposing majority who argued that the funding obstacles between their institutions and sending their women’s teams to national championships across the vastness of Canada could simply not be overcome. Facing an ethical dilemma, Van Vliet approached Pomfret following the adjournment and asked what she planned to do next. Perturbed, but undaunted, she refused to answer other than to say “you will have to wait to read tomorrow’s newspaper to find out.”

What the sports sections reported the following day was that Pomfret and her supporters had pledged to inaugurate a new organization, the Canadian Women’s Intercollegiate Athletic Union (CWIAU). They made good on their declaration in the 1969-70 season when, with funding support from the federal Ministry of Fitness and Amateur Sport, women’s university teams from Vancouver to Montreal competed in invitational championships in volleyball, gymnastics and swimming. The following season, 1970-71, was the first year for true national

68 :: MINDS AND MOTION

championships with teams and athletes qualifying via confer-

Fittingly, Pomfret herself directed UBC to its first CWIAU

ence playoffs for the right to compete in the same three sports.

national volleyball championship the following year. Led on the

Basketball was added to the CWIAU championship menu

court by physical education students Betty Baxter and Maureen

in 1971-72, with UBC winning the inaugural event that year, its

Fishleigh, UBC crossed four time zones to Acadia University in

first of three consecutive national university basketball crowns.

Wolfville, Nova Scotia to claim the CWIAU championship final

Coached by Norm Vickery, the 1971-72 team was built on a solid

of 1972-73, and then followed up with a repeat performance

nucleus of returning veterans that had won both the WCIAA and

the following year before a hometown crowd at War Memorial

Canadian Senior A championships the previous two seasons,

Gym. UBC’s team again won national championships in 1976-77

including physical education students Joanne Sargent, Wendy

and 1977-78, however, the latter victory would be UBC’s final

Grant, Terri McGovern and Bev Barnes. The “Thunderettes”

championship win under the auspices of the Canadian Women’s

defeated Bishop’s University 63-32 in a 1972 national semi-final

Intercollegiate Athletic Union. Amalgamation talks began with

and then edged the University of New Brunswick 74-69 in the

the CIAU in 1977 as a result of Canadian attitudes towards

championship tilt, with Barnes scoring 20 points to lead UBC

women’s sport appearing to have progressed in the years following

to its first-ever national women’s university championship.

Pomfret’s bold leadership stance at the landmark meeting in Banff.

Coached by Marilyn Pomfret, UBC’s 1973-74 women’s volleyball team won its second consecutive CWIAU championship at War Memorial Gym.

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 69

The 1980-81 women’s field hockey team, one of the five CIAU championship teams produced under Gail Wilson in her 17 years as coach.

Opposite page: 1977-78 UBC women’s basketball team in action at War Memorial Gym against the University of Victoria.

Some observers felt that the male-dominated CIAU had

called for equal representation on the Board of Directors as

Physical Education, and specifically Marilyn Pomfret, had

simply come to its senses on the principles of gender equity

well as each institution receiving two votes within the CIAU

played in achieving the evolutionary landmark, the 1978 UBC

when, in 1977, it submitted a joint proposal with the CWIAU

General Assembly, provided it had two delegates in attendance

women’s field hockey team, coached by recently appointed

to the Ministry of Fitness and Amateur Sport for funding

to equally represent male and female interests. A resolution

physical education faculty member Gail Wilson, captured the

support for regular-season league travel. The proposal was

calling for a name change was also passed that summer, from

first-ever CIAU women’s championship in any sport in the

approved and in the summer of 1978 the two organizations

the Canadian Intercollegiate Athletic Union to the Canadian

autumn of that year.

amalgamated to form a united national governing body for

Interuniversity Athletic Union, to help differentiate the modern

the administration and advancement of men’s and women’s

organization from its archaic past.

university sport. Constitutional amendments were passed that

70 :: MINDS AND MOTION

As if to punctuate the leadership role that UBC’s School of

With Pomfret guiding a more energized women’s program and Bus Phillips continuing to lead the men’s division, UBC consistently produced national championship teams in both

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 71

Above: Opening ceremonies of UBC’s 1973 friendship tour at Peking Stadium.

UBC was the first hockey team from the west to visit China.

Bob Hindmarch conducts a clinic with Chinese players on an outdoor rink in Harbin, China. In spite of bitter cold, thousands of curious locals flocked around the outdoor rink to watch.

72 :: MINDS AND MOTION

men’s and women’s university sport. In addition, thanks to Osborne and Bob Hindmarch and their expansive network of international associates, the School of Physical Education led the way in creating other extraordinary opportunities for student-athletes, including an increasing amount of friendly competition against Asian teams both at home and in China and Japan. In the midst of the Cultural Revolution, UBC’s hockey team, coached by Hindmarch, undertook a historically significant diplomatic tour of China. Acting on a 1973 request from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Hindmarch and his players became the first foreign hockey team to enter China, where they played friendly games throughout the country and conducted clinics in an effort to help Chinese sport officials popularize the game among youth and develop a national team program. In 1978, UBC’s women’s hockey team conducted a similar tour in Japan, becoming the second Canadian women’s hockey team to play in Asia. Partnerships with universities throughout Korea, Japan and Hong Kong soon followed.

By now it was overwhelmingly clear that one of the key objectives established by the founders of the School of Physical Education—enhancing its varsity athletics program—had been realized. Thanks to the steady recruitment of skilled and specialized coaches by Osborne, Phillips and Pomfret, UBC Thunderbird teams enjoyed almost universal success in both national and international competition. The one increasingly obvious exception, however, was the football team. In spite of the efforts of one of the most well-known and popular figures on campus, Frank Gnup’s teams posted just 10 wins against 38 losses between 1970 and 1973. Fortunes improved measurably, however, after Phillips approached Sentinel High School teacher and coach Frank Smith, who took over as head football coach in 1974. With five years of professional playing experience in the CFL and 18 years of coaching experience on both sides of

One of the most celebrated teams in UBC rugby history was that of 1970-71. Coached by alumnus and recently appointed physical education faculty member Donn Spence, and led by the likes of students Spence McTavish and Barry Legh, the Thunderbirds won 21 of 22 games en route to the Vancouver First Division Championship, the McKechnie Cup provincial championship and the Western Canadian University Championships. They capped off the historic season on March 23 with a 17-10 win over previously undefeated UCLA in the annual World Cup series before a crowd of some 3,000 fans.

the Canada-US border, not to mention a master’s degree in education, Smith had the credentials and determination to turn the Thunderbird football program into a source of pride for the university and a jewel in its varsity crown. It would take just three seasons for his team to capture a Canada West championship, and with it, the Hardy Cup trophy which had not resided on Point Grey for 14 seasons.

The fortunes of UBC’s track and field team also rose to national prominence in the 1970s, thanks in large measure to the appointment of English-born head coach Lionel Pugh, a graduate of the University of Wales and Carnegie College. From 1964 to 1987 Pugh taught in the school and served as head coach of the cross-country and track and field teams. Pugh had been

Frank Smith took over as head football coach in 1974. Within just three seasons his team captured a Canada West championship and the Hardy Cup trophy that had not resided on Point Grey for 14 seasons. During his 20-year UBC coaching career, Smith led the Thunderbirds to the Vanier Cup four times and to victories in 1982 and 1986. His son Casey Smith, a 1986 physical education graduate, took over as head coach in 1995 and led the Thunderbirds to a Vanier Cup championship in 1997 after completing his master’s degree in the school.

an international competitor himself before becoming a coach

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 73

Physical Education student and 1972 Olympian in track, Ken Elmer, is presented with the Bobby Gaul Trophy in 1974 by university president Walter Gage (left) and men’s athletic director Bus Phillips. In 1973 Elmer became the first UBC student to run the mile in under four minutes. While completing his master’s degree in the school he taught an undergraduate course in track and field and served as an assistant track coach under Lionel Pugh, whose other Olympians included Thelma Fynn (top right) and Penny May, pictured with Pugh (bottom right) at the 1972 Olympic Games. Physical education graduates Patti Loverock, Anne Mackie-Morelli and Rick Cuttell also went on to Olympic and international competition under the coaching of Pugh.

74 :: MINDS AND MOTION

of the British track team for 11 years. He also served as an expert commentator for the British Broadcasting Corporation during coverage of national and international track and field events and wrote several books on the sport. Pugh coached UBC to four national titles and numerous Canada West championships.

During his 23 years at UBC, 14 of his athletes represented Canada at the Olympic Games. An Olympic coach for Canada in 1972 and 1980, his knowledge and motivational manner contributed significantly to the success of a long list of UBC and international competitors, including School of Physical Education graduates Thelma Wright, Patti Loverock, Anne Mackie-Morelli, Ken Elmer and Rick Cuttell.

Soccer became a CIAU sport in 1972 and it took just two years for UBC to capture its first of many CIAU banners in the fall of 1974 under the coaching of former Glasgow Ranger Joe Johnson. Johnson, who coached UBC for 25 seasons and after whom the CIAU Player of the Year trophy was later named, led UBC to national championships again in 1984 and 1985. By this time volleyball was also well entrenched at university athletic departments across Canada. Head coach Lorne Sawula and future national team members Tom Jones and Merv Mosher led UBC’s men’s volleyball team to its second CIAU championship in 1976. Former team member and physical education graduate Dale Ohman subsequently took over as head coach and guided UBC to a third title in 1983.

Foreshadowing the phenomenal success that would later emerge for UBC swim teams, UBC’s women’s swim team was a formidable contender throughout the 1970s under coach Jack

Malcolm McGregor (centre), a popular faculty member in the Department of Classics and avid supporter of the school when it was founded, is pictured at the sod-turning for the new aquatic centre in 1975 along with faculty colleague Harry Warren (right) and university chancellor Donovan Miller (left).

Pomfret, who guided his team to a CWIAU Championship in 1974, the first in a long list of national championships that followed almost routinely in subsequent decades. His coaching achievements notwithstanding, Pomfret’s greatest contribution to varsity swimming, if not to sport in general on campus, was his leadership role in a campaign to build an indoor aquatic centre. His efforts resulted in funding support from both the Alma Mater Society and the federal government, namely from Iona Campagnola, then Minister of State for Fitness and Amateur Sport, and UBC alumnus and Minister of Finance John Turner, who had been a varsity sprinter and swimmer in his undergraduate days. With the opening of the $5.4-million UBC Aquatic Centre in 1978, Pomfret had effectively set the stage for the development of Canada’s most successful university swim program and eventually the establishment of a national training centre that produced a long line of international competitors.

Under the leadership of Jack Pomfret, and with the help of the Alma Mater Society, the federal government and local supporters, money was raised to build the UBC Aquatic Centre. Constructed between the AMS building and War Memorial Gym, it opened September 27, 1978 and served campus and public use in tandem with the outdoor Empire Pool that was constructed for the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games. A critical system failure forced the closure of the Empire Pool in February 2014.

But at the same time as the School of Physical Education’s varsity athletic program was reaching new heights, it was also sharpening its focus on developing new recreational sport

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 75

opportunities for the rank and file of students. The intramural sports program that had been conceived prior to the Second World War by Gertrude Moore and Maury Van Vliet was now in the capable hands of Dick Ramsey. But with the arrival of a new young faculty member named Nestor Korchinsky, so too arrived a new vision for a program that would eventually grow to become a model of student engagement across North America.

Korchinsky came to UBC in 1967 from the University of Alberta where he had been a star athlete and graduated with a master’s degree in physical education. Recalling the stunning beauty of the Point Grey campus when he first set foot there as a member of the Alberta Golden Bears football, basketball and swim teams, he enthusiastically accepted Bob Osborne’s offer of employment to coach and teach at UBC. For the first two years he taught a range of physical education activity classes and served as an assistant coach for the football team, after which he described a “breakthrough moment” occurred.

“I was standing just outside the doorways of War Memorial Gym looking at the North Shore mountains and thinking how incredibly fortunate I was to be doing what I loved at the most beautiful university campus in the entire world. Then I looked down at the playing fields where the old Varsity Stadium once stood. They were empty. That’s when it hit me. UBC was a beautiful place, but it needed a soul.”

Still not yet 30 years old, Korchinsky determined that the key to providing UBC with the soul it lacked was the development of an intramural sport and recreation program that would be the envy of every university in Canada, and one that would be so diverse that it would have something to offer every student, irrespective of their athletic experience or skill level. In 1971, with the full blessing of Ramsey, he took his idea to Osborne, who quickly recognized the passion in his voice and gave him the authority to pursue his ambitions. Within just a few short years, UBC’s Intramural Sports and Recreation Department offered league sports of every description, multi-day tournaments and a series of mass participation events. The program’s unique characteristics and explosive popularity drew the attention of counterparts at universities across North America, and contributed immeasurably to the vibrancy of student life throughout the years that followed.

Newly appointed faculty member and assistant football coach, Nestor Korchinsky (left), is pictured on the sidelines with head coach Frank Gnup.

76 :: MINDS AND MOTION

After graduating from the Bachelor of Recreation Education program in 1982, Joan Webster (nee Pilcher) became associate director of the intramural sports program and was influential in developing new opportunities for UBC students to compete in a vast range of league sports and special events. Her efforts and enthusiasm for enhancing student life through sport contributed immeasurably to UBC becoming home to an intramural sports program that attracted over 10,000 participants annually and became a model for other universities across North America. Following her retirement, Webster remained active at UBC as a member of the Board of Directors of the UBC Alumni Association, by helping to establish an alumni division for student staff of the Intramural Sports and Recreation program and as a participant in the School of Kinesiology’s mentorship program.

Left: A student from the Faculty of Commerce on the gruelling University Hill section of the popular Arts 20 Relay.

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 77

Eric Broom worked as a teacher in the School of Physical Education and an associate deputy minister for sport in British Columbia. In 1975, four years after receiving his PhD in physical education from the University of Illinois, Broom began teaching the first coach education courses at UBC. A technical expert and coach educator for rugby, athletics, swimming, tennis and field hockey, he influenced the careers of a countless number of coaches in Canada.

Faculty member and swim coach Jack Kelso led UBC teams to two national titles, seven conference championships and trained many notable UBC swimmers, including Olympians Bruce Berger, Kevin Draxinger and Turlough O'Hare. As a student, he swam for the University of Denver, setting NCAA and world records, and winning four medals at the Commonwealth Games. After his retirement in 1998, he set numerous long-standing world records in masters swimming and was inducted into the UBC Sports Hall of Fame in 2011.

Quest for Advanced Knowledge By the mid-1960s, the school’s growth had eclipsed the capacity

and a year as assistant professor at the University of Southern

of Canada’s most influential voices in physical and recreation

of its infrastructure, resulting in the opening of the Robert F.

California. Another faculty appointment came in 1975, that of

education. Under his leadership, the school had done much and

Osborne Centre in 1970 and Thunderbird Stadium in 1967. The

undergraduate alumnus and University of Michigan graduate

achieved much on behalf of students, the university and for the

former housed five gymnasiums, two classrooms, faculty offices,

Dick Mosher, a human growth and development specialist who

province’s well-defined culture of active living. The campus had

locker rooms and became the central hub for recreation and

later moved into a pioneering stream in coaching science. By

also been positively transformed through the construction of

physical education classes. But in spite of having more facilities,

1975, 10 of the 27 full-time faculty members, Mosher, Rhodes,

War Memorial Gym, the British Empire and Commonwealth

there remained a shortfall of suitable space for a growing number

Ken Coutts, Bob Hindmarch, Bob Schutz, Doug Whittle, Stan

Games Pool, the UBC Aquatic Centre, Thunderbird Stadium,

of faculty members and students with research interests in

Brown, Eric Broom, Gary Sinclair and Barbara Schrodt held

Osborne Centre, the Thunderbird Winter Sports Centre and

areas of exercise physiology and biomechanics. In the absence

doctoral degrees. The school’s enrolment peaked to 730 students

various outdoor playing fields. A total of 1,355 students had

of labs and equipment, researchers had to consult counterparts

this year, with 154 registered in the recreation program.

graduated under Osborne, eight of whom became deans or

within the Faculty of Science to get access to facilities. Still,

Three years later, the end of the road was coming into sight

directors at other universities, and who in turn influenced

graduate students continued to arrive in increasing numbers

for the school’s much-admired founding director. Just weeks

thousands of other university-trained specialists in physical

along with new faculty appointees, including Ted Rhodes, who

after being awarded the 1978 Queen’s Silver Jubilee Medal, Bob

education, recreation administration and emerging fields of

joined the school in 1973 after completing doctoral studies

Osborne bid farewell to a 33-year tenure as not only director,

kinesiology across Canada and beyond.

in physiology and biomechanics at the University of Oregon

but also as one of the school’s most successful coaches and one

78 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Just weeks after being awarded the 1978 Queen’s Silver Jubilee Medal, Bob Osborne bid farewell to a 33-year career as the UBC School of Physical Education’s founding director, one of the school’s most successful coaches and one of Canada’s most influential figures in sport and physical education.

Chapter Five: EQUITY EVOLUTION :: 79

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6

The Morford Years

IN HIS EARLY YEARS, BOB MORFORD’S DESTINY COULD NOT HAVE BEEN CLEARER. BORN INTO A MILITARY FAMILY OF SOME SIGNIFICANCE, BOTH HIS GRANDFATHERS WERE GENERALS IN THE BRITISH ARMY. MORFORD HIMSELF WAS DECORATED BY THE KING AFTER HE COMPLETED THREE YEARS IN THE ROYAL MILITARY POLICE IN MALAYA WHERE HE WAS BORN. IT WAS THEN THAT FATE AND HAPPENSTANCE INTERVENED.

When he left the protracted conflict between commonwealth

and varsity rugby coach, Albert Laithwaite, who was evidently

forces and the communist Malayan National Liberation Army,

impressed by the 22-year-old’s imposing physical stature and

he was given a ticket on the next boat leaving Malaya. He

encouraged him to come out for the team. Minutes later, he

was told that it was destined for the USA. With no landing or

chanced upon a student named Gerry Kenyon, who was then

immigration papers, the American officials in San Francisco

president of the Physical Education Undergraduate Society.

told him that there was a train leaving for Canada shortly and

“We got to talking about this and that, and he asked me if I had

that he should be on it. When he arrived in Vancouver with

thought of a career in physical education,” Morford recalled

30 dollars in his pocket, he was told by some helpful people

years later. “So I gave it a shot.”

that displaced persons were being recruited for a massive

Four years later, he graduated at the top of the physical

hydroelectric construction project in a remote region near

education class of 1956 and won a fourth consecutive Big Block

Kitimat. Amongst the workers were several UBC students, who

Award for rugby. Having subsequently been the first graduate

encouraged him to accompany them when they returned to

in the school’s new master’s program in 1959, his keen interest

classes. It was there amid the mountains of the Coastal Range

in science and physical activity prompted him to pursue

in the twilight of August 1952 that the thought of attending

doctoral studies. At the urging of his master’s adviser and mentor,

university occurred to him for the first time.

Max Howell, he set off to the University of California, Berkeley.

Just days later, his life took another unexpected and fortu-

There he specialized in motor learning and performance and

itous turn. While standing in the registration lineup in UBC’s

completed his dissertation under the supervision of Franklin

Armouries, he was approached by physical education professor

Henry, one of the founders of the academic discipline and one of its key influencers for years to come.

He returned to Canada for a brief time at the University of Alberta, where he was reunited with Howell. He then moved to

Published annually under the auspices of the Alma Mater Society, the Totem yearbooks chronicled student life at UBC from 1915 to 1966. Its pages documented graduating classes, sports teams, student clubs and organizations, social events, governance bodies, and fraternities and sororities. The 1953 yearbook included photos and descriptions of Bob Morford’s exploits as a gifted freshman on the varsity rugby team.

82 :: MINDS AND MOTION

California State University, Hayward. Teaching motor learning and performance seminars as well as advising graduate students, he followed Henry’s lead and began to focus on the field as a whole, especially its future directions as a discipline. Ultimately, he became the school’s director at Hayward, and his influence grew as he spoke and wrote about the changing field of physical

Far left: Bob Morford as a graduate student in 1959.

Left: UBC president Douglas Kenny, speaking at the opening of the new UBC Aquatic Centre in 1978, convinced an initially reluctant Bob Morford to return to UBC from the University of Washington to become the second director of the School of Physical Education.

education, the rise of kinesiology as an academic discipline, and

the Cal State, Hayward job, but as he said at the time, ‘for no

to achieve greater academic respectability within a university

the need for multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspec-

more than five years, then get out of administration.’”

that was slowly becoming oriented towards a more research-

tives in teaching, research and professional practice. His rising

UBC’s initial attempts to recruit him as director of the School

intensive mission. “I have to say that I was very impressed that a

visibility and contributions to advancing a new way of thinking

of Physical Education in 1978 were not successful. A day or two

university president would show so much interest in developing

were instrumental in his recruitment to the University of

after meeting with representatives of the school and the uni-

an academic degree underlying a physical education curriculum.

Washington in 1973, where he served as chair of a newly formed

versity, he officially turned down their offer of the directorship,

He understood the situation in the school and wanted it changed

department constituted by the merger of separate men’s and

partly due to an acute sense that the faculty members’ prefer-

and asked what it would take to bring about a new orientation.

women’s programs. The department was housed in the College

ence was alumnus Gerry Glassford. He immediately received a

I explained that from my experience the school would need

of Arts and Sciences, and Morford’s curricular reforms and new

phone call from UBC President Douglas Kenny, who expressed

at least 10 new faculty appointments and named the areas of

faculty recruitments were designed accordingly. He recruited

his disappointment and asked if he would come back to UBC

specialization that I felt were needed. Additionally the school

sociologists, psychologists, historians, neurophysiologists,

for a meeting with him the following day. Morford was again

needed a large infusion of money for lab development and also

physiologists, and biomechanics specialists able to advance

hesitant, having determined that although there was growing

a sizeable increase in the annual operating budget. He did not

interdisciplinary teaching and research agendas. During this

interest in research on the part of UBC faculty members and

gulp, as far as I remember, but said ‘I cannot promise you what

time his vision for academic kinesiology continued to form.

graduate students, teaching loads were heavy and money for

you have asked for, but I will think it over and do my best to

Some of his ideas were consistent with Henry’s views and others

research was in short supply. But as requested, he made a return

see what I can do. Then I will call you.’”

were original and proved to be long-lasting. His contributions

journey to Point Grey the following day.

Two days later Kenny called to say that he would approve a

garnered various forms of recognition, but perhaps none more

During a long walk along a beach near the campus, Kenny

portion of Morford’s request for 10 new faculty positions and a

prestigious than his 1980 election to the American Academy of

expressed his reasons for wanting Morford to reconsider his

greater budget allocation to purchase equipment and establish

Kinesiology. “I had no intention of becoming an administrator,”

decision. Above all, Morford recalled, Kenny wanted to see

laboratories. Encouraged by what he might achieve with the addi-

he reflected. “Professor Henry had me cut out to be a scholar

the school’s spectrum widened beyond the training of physical

tional resources and support of the president, Morford accepted

and researcher. Ironically it was he who recommended me for

education teachers and recreation administrators, and for it

the offer to succeed Bob Osborne as director. His agenda at UBC

Chapter Six: THE MORFORD YEARS :: 83

One of the first researchoriented faculty members hired by Morford was former Olympic soccer team coach Ian Franks, who brought expertise in both motor learning and sport analysis.

Morford later forged a partnership with the Canadian Soccer Association to establish a centre for the development of Olympic team players under Franks’ direction.

began with the aim of modernizing intercollegiate athletics and

Ken Coutts, an exercise physiologist who came to UBC in 1969 after completing graduate work at Michigan State, is pictured with Diane Rakiecki, who was the second student with a physical disability, after Rick Hansen, to graduate from the school.

She was an accomplished wheelchair athlete and a Paralympic gold medalist in wheelchair basketball at the 1992 Paralympic Games in Barcelona. Coutts took a keen research interest in cardiovascular capabilities of athletes with spinal chord injuries.

expanding a then-narrow focus on training physical education teachers and community recreation administrators, and to create a school with superb undergraduate and graduate programs.

He emphasized the importance of new knowledge frameworks for research and instruction, including exercise science and sport studies that were developing elsewhere in North America.

These he felt could help situate the school’s science-based courses—exercise physiology, motor control and learning, biomechanics, sport psychology and sport sociology—in a more coherent framework that was discipline-focused, whereas the professional preparation component could emphasize research on instruction, coaching and leadership. Driving this was a clear need to hire people whose research would help lead the school into the next phase of its development. Over time, this resulted in a series of appointments of new faculty members with keen research interests, including a former University of Washington friend and colleague named Hal Lawson. Others included former Olympic soccer team coach Ian Franks, who brought expertise in both motor learning and sport analysis; biomechanics specialist Gord Robertson from the University of Waterloo, who later moved to the University of Ottawa, and

84 :: MINDS AND MOTION

The UBC Sports Medicine Centre opened in 1979 in the John Owen Pavilion on the south campus. The first of its kind in Canada, the joint venture between the School of Physical Education and the Faculty of Medicine became a world-renowned leader in sport medicine, an emerging and critically important new field of study and practice.

It underwent extensive renovations in 1987 and was renamed the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre that same year. Pictured above in 1985 are (left to right) physiotherapist Ron Mattison; co-founders Dr. Doug Clement and Dr. Jack Taunton, Dr. Don McKenzie and physiotherapists Trish Hopkins and Clyde Smith.

Vancouver native Dave Sanderson, who replaced Robertson after completing doctoral studies at Pennsylvania State. Bob Sparks, a sociocultural specialist, was appointed in 1980 while still completing a PhD at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, a school long recognized as an important centre for the development of sport studies in North America. A year later another Massachusetts graduate with sociocultural interests named Rick Gruneau joined the school. Angelo Belcastro, an exercise physiology and biochemistry specialist from Alberta, arrived in 1987.

With Morford at the helm, the school continued a gradual evolutionary turn towards a new destiny. Integrated exercise, kinesiology and sport science programs and research agendas were now at the top of the school’s priority list, with important connections to various external partners, including Sport Canada and the medical community. The latter resulted in the creation of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre in 1979, and with it, the addition of sport medicine faculty and researchers. The first of its kind in Canada, the joint venture between the school and the Faculty of Medicine became a world-renowned leader in sport medicine, an emerging and critically important new field of study and practice.

Doug Clement (left) examines x-ray images with Dr. Gord Matheson, a former fellow in UBC Sports Medicine who was subsequently appointed as the director of Sports Medicine at Stanford University.

Chapter Six: THE MORFORD YEARS :: 85

Physicians Doug Clement, Jack Taunton and Don McKenzie joined the school as joint appointments with the Department of Family Practice, which was coincidentally headed by Morford’s former UBC rugby team mate, Peter Grantham.

The Buchanan Exercise Science Laboratory meanwhile, under the direction of Ted Rhodes, signaled the beginning of meaningful emphasis on physiological research. Although plans to build the laboratory in the basement of the new Aquatic centre had been initiated before Morford’s appointment as director, it became an important and symbolic asset for the future he envisioned after it opened in 1978, attracting an increasing number of graduate students from across Canada and various parts of the world. Between 1979 and 1985, over 40 students utilized the lab to collect data and complete master’s degrees under the supervision of Rhodes and Don McKenzie, who published numerous papers throughout this period. The importance of the lab was further highlighted when Rhodes was awarded a research grant of $3.5 million to administer the British Columbia portion of the Canada Fitness Survey, a federal government program initiated in 1977, which required graduate students to travel to homes across the province over a six-month period to conduct fitness testing among residents.

As the school’s research environment slowly grew and evolved throughout the 1980s, so too did the publications and conference presentations on the part of its faculty. By the end of the decade, the undergraduate curriculum had also undergone substantial change, driven in part by a weakened provincial economy, resulting in the Bachelor of Recreation Education beginning a four-year phase-out period in 1985 as part of university financial restraint. The pill was no doubt a bitter one, for the program had produced many graduates who had profoundly influenced municipalities throughout the province by producing community recreation leaders who had created facilities and programs serving all ages. One of the most prominent influencers was Clyde Griffith, who moved to Victoria in 1973 and served in a

During UBC’s 1987 spring Congregation, the degree Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, was conferred upon former faculty member May Brown in recognition of her vast contributions to public service, youth and education. A faculty member in the Department of Physical Education from 1947 to 1955, she is pictured in the academic procession at the entrance of War Memorial Gymnasium with university president David Strangway.

leadership capacity for 22 years in the Recreation Branch of the Ministry of Housing, Recreation and Consumer Services.

In 1987, radical curricular changes were approved for the Bachelor of Physical Education degree that reflected widening strength of faculty and gradual changes in career aspirations of graduates. The offerings were expanded to include seven program choices available to entering students: exercise science, health and fitness, leisure studies, leisure and sport administration, motor performance and control, instruction and coaching, and general studies. Correspondingly, performance requirements were drastically reduced.

86 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Another substantial change from the school’s original mandate occurred in 1987 when a special committee established by UBC President David Strangway recommended that ties between the school and its intramural and varsity athletics programs be severed, even though many of the coaches held dual appointments within the school. In spite of his belief in maintaining performance programs and practical community-focused components, Morford didn’t openly oppose their imminent divestment, perhaps having seen the writing on the wall as early as 1980 when he was surprised to learn that Bob Hindmarch, who had been appointed to succeed Bus Phillips as athletic director, would report not to him, but to a university vice-president. Hindmarch was by now a full professor and an influential figure within sport circles in Canada, including the CIAU and the Canadian Olympic Association. Although he clearly respected and admired Morford, Hindmarch became increasingly convinced that the university needed to have more direct control over what was now called the Department of Athletics and Sport Services, and which by this time included community-focused instructional courses and summer camp programs as well as control of the majority of sport fields and facilities.

Faculty members and staff who were witness to the split between the school and the Department of Athletics and Sport Services saw little reaction on Morford’s part that would indicate anything other than that he accepted and possibly even approved the move. Upon reflection many years later, however, his tone belied deep disappointment over what he perceived to have been a change of heart concerning the future of the school on the part of the university’s leaders. “After just six years, there would be a new president and a succession of deans of education who would provide no back-up or have no knowledge, much less interest, in where I was on the path to take the school over a fifteen-year period,” he said just a few months prior to his death in 2012.

“Had I known that the school whose directorship I accepted was going to splinter off from its service components that it was known for across the country, I would not have accepted

UBC field hockey player and physical education student Dianna Popowich (left) was the daughter of 1952 physical education graduate and varsity soccer standout, Bill Popowich.

A member of two CIAU championship-winning teams in 1983 and 1984, a scholarship was established by UBC women’s field hockey alumni in her memory following her untimely death in 1985.

the job as Bob Osborne’s successor.”

The separation notwithstanding, the years of Bob Morford’s time as director were marked by significant evolutionary milestones that brought the school closer to the forefront of developments in North America, not only by way of advancing a research agenda, but also in teaching and professional development with a more contemporary vision of physical education and kinesiology. Indeed, one of the school’s most compelling testaments to his aspirations was the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre. Following its inception in 1979, the centre

Bob Hindmarch, pictured with famed Soviet hockey coach, Anatoly Tarasov, was appointed as UBC athletic director in 1980 and became increasingly influential in international sport circles, including serving as a vice president of the Canadian Olympic Association and as chef de mission for Canada at the 1994 Olympic Winter Games.

Chapter Six: THE MORFORD YEARS :: 87

UBC players celebrate the team’s first-ever Vanier Cup Championship in 1982, a 39-14 win over Western Ontario in which physical education student Glenn Steele rushed for 236 yards and was named the game’s most valuable player. The Thunderbirds again prevailed 25-23 over Western Ontario in 1986 to win a second Vanier Cup under coach Frank Smith.

flourished not only as a service to local and national sport communities, but also as a centre of learning and research, highlighted in 1985 when a promising young physician from Montreal named Rob Lloyd-Smith became the first to complete a fellowship in sports medicine under the supervision of Jack Taunton and Doug Clement, who were by this time recognized widely as among the discipline’s renowned pioneers. Another was the establishment of the Canadian Soccer Association’s centre for the development of Olympic team players under the direction of Ian Franks. Conceived by Morford, the association’s technical director Bill Thomson and national team coach Barry Clarke, and with additional support of external partners that included Sport Canada, the centre became a model for national sport centres that subsequently emerged around the globe. Moreover, it further exemplified Morford’s deft hand at forging strategic partnerships to optimize research resources and practical outcomes.

His leadership contributions exacted a toll, however, as he was forced to face contentious issues resulting from the changes to the school’s objectives and the effect upon pioneering faculty members who had established its legacy foundations. Those who taught in the teacher education program were given the choice to remain in the school or move more directly into the Faculty of Education. Similarly, when the split with the Department of Athletics and Sport Services occurred, Morford opened the possibility for those affected to opt for split appointments, the

88 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Under the leadership of Nestor Korchinsky and Bachelor of Recreation Education graduates Joan Pilcher and Lorne Bodin, UBC’s intramural sports and recreation program became widely regarded throughout Canada as an exemplary model for enriching campus life with a wide range of league sports, multi-day tournaments and mass participation events. With significant financial support provided by the Alma Mater Society, the program was operated out of offices in the Student Union Building. By the end of the 1980s the departments programs attracted over 10,000 student participants annually. The Arts 20 Relay, a team running event that retraced the steps of the Great Trek from the site of the original Fairview campus to Point Grey, was eventually halted by Vancouver City Police, who argued that the event had created unmanageable gridlock through the streets of Vancouver’s west side. A multi-sport relay event called Storm the Wall, meanwhile, became an annual spectacle for thousands of students near the end of each academic year.

most notable of whom were Nestor Korchinsky, who continued teaching but also oversaw the intramural sports program, and Dick Mosher, who successfully balanced his academic commitments with coaching men’s and women’s varsity soccer teams. The remainder of faculty members with coaching responsibilities were given a choice to move full-time into the school or to the athletic department. While the majority opted for coaching duties with a varsity team, women’s field hockey coach Gail Wilson and men’s rugby coach Barry Legh both opted to remain as senior instructors in the school. When the dust eventually settled, the school had been significantly, and to some, shockingly transformed from its traditional structure and mandate, with all faculty members being variously engaged in teaching, research and community service, but no longer as coaches of varsity teams.

Morford was recruited by San Francisco State University at around the time he stepped down from leadership responsibilities in the school. Their offer coincided with severe budget reductions in California, however, and on learning this Morford declined and advised them to appoint internally and use his proposed salary to negotiate the anticipated shortfalls. They did so reluctantly, and after a year’s administrative leave at UBC, Morford returned to the classroom. He volunteered to teach undergraduate students in addition to his graduate

Peter Mullins In 1955, at age 29, Dr. Peter Mullins joined the teaching staff of the School of Physical Education and began coaching the track and field and freshman basketball teams, and in 1962 took over as coach of the Thunderbird basketball team. He remained head coach of the track and field until 1964, a year that saw team members Doug Kyle and Doug Clement qualify for the Olympic Games. In his 20 years as varsity basketball coach, he led the Thunderbirds to 337 victories against US and Canadian competition. His teams won the Western Canadian university championship seven times and the Canadian university championship twice. In 1982, at age 56, Mullins stepped down from his coaching duties but continued to be a teacher and counselor until his retirement. His UBC head-coaching career of 29 years is the second longest in the school's history, after that of his colleague Jack Pomfret.

He was named coach of Canada's National Team in 1969 and piloted a new four-year program of selection and training of Canadian players in preparation for the 1971 Pan-Am Games and the 1972 Olympics. His contribution to university basketball in Canada has been recognized through the Dr. Peter Mullins Trophy, awarded to the nation's Rookie of the Year.

student supervision. He proved to be a skilled and popular teacher, as indicated by an excellence in teaching award and a

Chapter Six: THE MORFORD YEARS :: 89

Wheelchair athlete Rick Hansen, pictured receiving an honorary doctorate in 1987 in recognition of his Manin-Motion World Tour, was the first person with a disability to graduate from the School of Physical Education.

90 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Over the course of Bob Morford’s 11-year directorship, a favourable research environment had been established along with advancements in teaching and professional development, undergraduate curricula had been revised in response to changing external needs and student interest, and the school had earned a new place in UBC’s academic hierarchy.

Under his leadership, the school became home to an impressive roster of faculty members with wide-ranging expertise and was well positioned to advance an increasingly wide spectrum of knowledge.

preponderance of graduates who spoke in reverent terms at the

maintained a shorefront cabin, and where the still deep waters

most important of all, the school was now home to an impressive

mere mention of his name. He taught a senior undergraduate

upon which he plied his canoe mirrored an understated, but

roster of faculty members with wide-ranging expertise, and was

course in leadership and human resource development that

profound intellect.

well positioned to advance an increasingly wide spectrum of

capitalized on his administrative experience and expertise,

In spite of his belief that his aspirations had been compro-

knowledge. From the jungles of Malaysia and the mountainous

and that was highly sought after. Along with Wendy Frisby

mised by senior leadership changes, the school had advanced

forests of northern BC, a mighty but self-modest scholar had

and Bob Sparks, he co-developed a new semester-long field

significantly in the objectives he and former president Douglas

emerged, and with him, a contemporary and exciting vision of

placement that became a coveted undergraduate course in

Kenny shared on their famous beach walk. Over the course of his

physical education and kinesiology that put the University of

sport management.

11-year directorship, a favourable research environment had been

British Columbia at the forefront of curricular and disciplinary

Often the conversations among his students, friends and

established along with advancements in teaching and profes-

developments in North America.

colleagues strayed to his lifelong preoccupation with birding

sional development; undergraduate curricula had been revised in

When he left UBC in 1995 he initially spent time at the

and his wilderness passion as a naturalist. While at UBC as an

response to changing external needs and student interest; and the

University of Otago in New Zealand, and then made a para-

undergrad student he took courses in ornithology which he

school had earned a new place in UBC’s academic hierarchy. He

doxical return to the place of his birth. After serving for nine

considered as a career for a time before Howell convinced him

also laid the groundwork for further sea changes that came later,

years as a senior consultant to the National Sports Institute

otherwise. His love for the British Columbia wilderness endured

including the addition of master of arts and master of science

of Malaysia, he retired to Mexico, where on March 27, 2012 he

none the less, particularly for the Bowron Lakes region where he

degrees and the eventual start-up of a PhD program. Perhaps

completed his altogether remarkable journey.

Chapter Six: THE MORFORD YEARS :: 91

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Fields of Inquiry

THE VILLAGE OF BAMFIELD ON VANCOUVER ISLAND WAS HOME TO JUST 200 RESIDENTS IN THE YEARS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE SECOND WORLD WAR, INCLUDING THE FAMILY OF DONALD SCHUTZ, A MORSE CODE OPERATOR FOR THE PACIFIC CABLE BOARD, AND HIS WIFE AVIS, A TEACHER IN THE VILLAGE’S ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. ONE OF THEIR THREE CHILDREN WAS PARTICULARLY STUDIOUS, BUT WITH NO HIGH SCHOOL IN THE VILLAGE, HIS PARENTS MADE PLANS FOR HIM TO BILLET WITH A VANCOUVER FAMILY AND ATTEND KITSILANO HIGH SCHOOL.

The move from the coastal rainforest to Vancouver’s west side

In addition to many hours spent on playing fields and in

in the mid-1950s proved transformational, for it was there

the gymnasium, he remained focused on his school work,

and then that young Robert (Bob) Schutz, discovered a keen

excelling in math and sciences. He entered the UBC Faculty

interest in sport and physical activity, along with opportunities

of Science in 1956 with plans to transfer into an engineering

to participate that didn’t exist in the remote community of

program the following year. His aspirations soon changed,

his childhood.

especially after having learned that UBC physical education graduates were enjoying favourable employment prospects as teachers throughout the province. He enrolled in the School of Physical Education in the fall of 1957 where, among other things,

Bob Schutz as a newly appointed faculty member in the UBC School of Physical Education in 1971. Ten years after proposing changes to the school's curriculum as president of the Physical Education Undergraduate Society, he returned to Point Grey as one of a handful of research oriented faculty members.

he became intrigued by a course in test and measurements taught by Max Howell. His curiosity was further piqued by a research project he observed in the hallways behind the bleachers in War Memorial Gym where Bob Morford, then one of Howell’s graduate students, had constructed a rudimentary exercise circuit. Watching test subjects navigate the makeshift

94 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Schutz and Ron Marteniuk had become acquainted during their time together as graduate students at the University of Alberta, after which Marteniuk completed his doctorate at the University of California. As a newly appointed faculty member at UBC, Marteniuk convinced Schutz to accept an offer to return to UBC to begin teaching courses in statistics and measurements.

Exercise physiologist Stan Brown was the first exercise physiologist in a non-coaching role to join the faculty, appointed in 1964 after completing a master’s and PhD at the University of Illinois. An outgoing and popular faculty member, he is pictured leading a noon-hour fitness class among UBC faculty members at Osborne Centre Gymnasium.

apparatuses, Schutz began to think about how he might combine

US universities, Schutz and Peterson tabled a white paper in

statistics, coincidentally under UBC graduate Gerry Kenyon,

his progressing skills in mathematical modelling and statistics

1961 calling for the school’s curriculum to include courses in

and to work as his research assistant. Now the father of three

with his interest in athlete training and performance.

physiology and biomechanics. The proposal was supported by

children, he completed his doctorate in 1971 and immediately

He also developed a keen interest in student and academic

Howell but rejected by a number of other faculty members.

began to look for employment opportunities among the various

affairs. Inf luenced by Howell, he was particularly aware

Undaunted, Schutz presented their recommendations to the

Canadian universities that were now seeking specialists in

of the manner in which exercise sciences and kinesiology

dean of arts and science, Professor Sperrin Chant, who declared

research methods and applied statistics in order to facilitate

were now important emerging fields, and became concerned

his support, however, with Schutz and Peterson both just weeks

master’s degree programs. “It was the right specialization at

that the school needed to therefore consider revisions to

away from graduating, nothing subsequently materialized for

the right time,” reflected Schutz in later years, noting how at

its undergraduate curriculum. As president of the Physical

their efforts.

that time things were changing everywhere thanks largely to

Education Undergraduate Society in his graduating year, he and

After completing his teacher training, Schutz moved to

classmate Marilyn Peterson attempted to advance their thinking

Kelowna to teach and coach football at Kelowna High School.

the influential Franklin Henry and his advocacy of kinesiology

by obtaining the curriculum from Springfield College, a former

Three years later he went to Alberta to begin a master’s degree

As it turned out there was an opening back at UBC, and

YMCA institution located in Massachusetts, that was known

under Howell, who had recently been enticed to the Edmonton

an appealing one thanks to the presence there of a young and

for making early strides in the science of human movement.

campus by Maury Van Vliet. He then went to the University of

recently appointed faculty member named Ron Marteniuk.

Citing the progressive work being done at Springfield and other

Wisconsin to complete a PhD in mathematical modelling and

Schutz and Marteniuk had become acquainted during their

as an academic discipline.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 95

Dick Mosher A standout soccer player as a UBC undergraduate, Dick Mosher completed a PhD in human growth and motor development at the University of Michigan and returned to UBC in 1975 as a faculty member. In 1986 he also assumed the role of head soccer coach, and thereby began one of the most successful coaching careers in the history of Canadian university sports. In nine seasons with the Thunderbirds men's team and 16 with the women's team, he posted a combined overall record of 244-54-50, including a record of 26-4-2 at national championships and 14 podium finishes (nine gold, two silver, three bronze) in 14 appearances at the national tournament. In addition to maintaining teaching responsibilities and advising graduate students in the school throughout his coaching career, he also served one year as interim athletic director. He was inducted into the UBC Sports Hall of Fame in 2017.

96 :: MINDS AND MOTION

UBC president David Strangway with Don McKenzie at the 1987 opening of the newly renovated and renamed Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre. The enhancements to the centre were made possible by the provincial government matching approximately one million dollars in donations from UBC alumni and friends, including the family of former chancellor Allan McGavin.

time together as graduate students at the University of

completely foreign to him but he listened to people like Ron

Alberta, after which Marteniuk completed his doctorate at

Marteniuk and Stan Brown and gave us full support all the

the University of California, Berkeley under Henry. He had

way through. He realized that things were changing and he

no difficulty convincing Schutz to accept an offer to return to

needed people like us.”

UBC to begin teaching courses in statistics and measurements,

Schutz and Marteniuk went to work alongside a recently

and coincidentally back to the west side of Vancouver where

appointed exercise physiologist named Ken Coutts, who had

the transformational experiences of his youth had taken

completed a doctorate at Michigan State University. Together

place. Schutz was warmly welcomed back to Point Grey by

they formed a pioneering trio of research-focused faculty

Bob Osborne, who although unaccustomed to the new world

members. With Osborne’s continued support, other newcomers

of research-oriented sport science, remained open-minded

soon arrived, including exercise physiologist Ted Rhodes and

about the future needs of the school. “I gave Bob Osborne a

pedagogy specialist Alex Carre, both of whom had completed

lot of credit,” Schutz acknowledged. “What I was doing was

doctoral studies at the University of Oregon. Human growth and

development specialist Dick Mosher, a former UBC undergrad who had completed his doctorate at the University of Michigan studying autistic children, also returned to Point Grey as a faculty member in the school during this period, as did fellow UBC graduate Gary Sinclair, who had completed doctoral studies in motor learning at the University of Oregon and taught for a short time at McGill.

While a critical mass of talent had begun to accumulate within the school by the mid-1970s, research grants were scarce, save for small university allotments for equipment and infrastructure.

Funded opportunities eventually began to appear, however, in the form of applied research contracts, including a substantial one awarded by the provincial Ministry of Education to Sinclair, Mosher, Carre and Schutz to conduct fitness testing of some 3,000 school students from across the province. Rhodes, meanwhile, designed advanced fitness testing techniques for firefighters and elite athletes, thereby creating sponsored research opportunities for graduate students and enhancing the school’s public profile and reputation at the same time.

The evolution towards exercise science at UBC and elsewhere indeed validated the curriculum reforms that Schutz and Peterson had recommended more than a decade earlier. Now as a faculty member, Schutz was again keen to contribute towards expanding the school’s scope of learning and research. To that end, he became increasingly active in academic affairs, including serving as chair of the Graduate Committee and of the Department of Sport Science. Not surprisingly, he also welcomed the news of Bob Morford’s appointment as the school’s new director in 1978. Schutz had long respected Morford, and even more so in light of his more recent accomplishments to create a kinesiology program at the University of Washington. He was also encouraged by the widening spectrum of research interests that occurred once Morford was appointed, including sociocultural expertise that was particularly well exemplified by Patricia Vertinsky, who during her tenure at UBC became a prolific publisher and influential thinker across the fields of women’s studies and gender history. Bob Sparks and Rick Gruneau also began contributing growing expertise to sociocultural areas, while biomechanics specialist Dave Sanderson and motor learning and sport analysis expert Ian Franks had similarly begun making deep impressions over what would turn out to be long careers in their respective fields at UBC. Finally, the opening of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre was a particularly encouraging sign that UBC was becoming increasingly fertile ground for anyone wanting to pursue scholarly horizons in

Patricia Vertinsky was one of a number of faculty members whose appointment was made possible by Bob Morford’s determination, together with the support of UBC president Douglas Kenny, to establish a stronger research focus within the school. She is a Distinguished University Scholar, a prolific publisher and has long been an influential thinker across the fields of women’s studies and gender history. She is director of the Physical Cultural Studies and Sport History group, which as part of the socio-cultural research group in the school, is exploring a variety of topics within the areas of sociology and history of sport, physical activity and embodiment.

health, exercise and sport science.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 97

Biomechanics specialist David Sanderson made numerous contributions beyond his teaching and research work. Following his arrival from Pennsylvania State University in 1986, he undertook important committee work at the school, faculty and university level, including leading the graduate committee that refined and approved a PhD proposal. He also served as senior associate director in the years preceding his retirement in 2013.

As much as the school aimed its sights on the future, it also maintained its traditional focus on training physical educators.

To that end it retained many outstanding teachers offering wide ranging expertise who had been appointed by Osborne in earlier years, including Eric Broom, Anne Tilley, Bonnie Gordon, Sharon Whittaker-Bleuler, and Jean Cunningham.

The faculty roster also included pedagogy specialists who held dual appointments in the school and the Faculty of Education, including Moira Luke, Peter Moody, Anne Anthony, Gary Pennington and Inge Williams.

Overwhelmingly, however, it was the vast potential for the future that intrigued Bob Schutz, prompting him to remain actively involved in the school’s ongoing development, but stopping short of any aspiration to venture into the realm of administration. He was first and foremost a teacher and researcher, and one who had become well recognized within the increasingly scientific realm of sport performance analysis.

Reluctantly, however, he agreed to serve as the school’s director in an acting capacity for a one-year period beginning in 1985 when Morford took a sabbatical, and again in 1989 when the search for Morford’s replacement began. By this time Schutz was well connected to various deans and campus influencers.

The result was that internal pressure was brought to bear from both within and outside the school for him to accept the appointment as director after a year-long search failed to identify a suitable successor, culminating in him agreeing to a five-year term in 1990.

Little did he know, however, that a fiscal shock awaited him as the school’s third director. With the province’s resourcebased economy still weakened by a prolonged downturn in commodity prices, there was little capital funding available for any UBC faculties or departments, and operating budgets across the campus had to be stretched in order to maintain the status quo. But in spite of lingering challenges, Schutz maintained his

98 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Ted Rhodes (centre) and lab coordinator Rob Langill test Vancouver Canucks goal tender Dan Cloutier in the Buchanan Exercise Science Lab in 1998. Rhodes was responsible for much contracted research on behalf of professional sport teams and elite amateur sport federations, and was thereby able to provide compelling research opportunities for countless graduate students.

focus on the school’s future, taking pen in hand to articulate an

except for small annual sums that accomplished little, save for

ambitious 10-year plan whose primary areas of focus would be

the completion of a new computer lab that had been initiated

to expand graduate student programs, set targets for research

some years earlier by Gary Sinclair. Even more discouraging,

funding and publications, and construct modern facilities.

the meagre capital that flowed from the university to the school

In a first phase of graduate program development, Schutz

contrasted sharply with substantial funding that had been

supported the realignment of the degree of Master of Physical

approved for construction elsewhere on campus, particularly

Education (MPE) as three programs – a professional non-

in the wake of the enormously successful World of Opportunity

thesis MPE and two thesis-based research master’s degrees:

capital campaign that had wrapped up in 1993 under then UBC

MSc and MA. Gary Sinclair, as chair of the school’s graduate

president David Strangway. Feeling that the school had been left

committee, played a critical role in moving these proposals

out of the plans for capital investments, Schutz approached Dan

forward. Following this, Schutz developed a PhD proposal that

Birch, provost and vice-president, academic, to ask what might

the graduate committee, now led by David Sanderson, shepherded

be a reasonable expectation for capital funding in the future.

through the approval process. At long last, the school had the

Birch was cordial but to the point: “Without external funding,

full complement of graduate programs that had been aspired

you won’t see a new building in your lifetime.”

to, but unobtainable during Morford’s directorship. Progress on

But in spite of their rudimentary physical environments,

the research front was slower in coming but research funding

the school’s researchers were increasingly productive and their

gradually increased, supported in part through competitive

work was frequently of topical interest. Ted Rhodes and his lab

university grants, as did the number of faculty publications.

assistants had long been conducting fitness testing services to

His aspirations for new facilities, however, went unfulfilled

elite amateur and professional athlete organizations, including

Jane Labreche, a graduate student under Don McKenzie, conducts testing on a dragon boat competitor. McKenzie used paddling sports to conduct research that, among other things, challenged the conventional belief that upper body exercise would trigger a condition called lymphedema among women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer. The experiments sparked a worldwide movement of dragon boat racing among breast cancer patients with annual regattas in several countries.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 99

A sessional dance instructor, Sonya Lumholst-Smith was appointed in 1982 to manage the school’s Campus Recreation program, in which she offered a range of instructional programs and outdoor equipment rentals to encourage students to experience the British Columbia wilderness.

She later founded the popular Changing Aging fitness program for seniors.

Wendy Frisby made numerous contributions to the school after being recruited from the University of Waterloo to teach sport management, including serving as chair of Women’s and Gender Studies; as co-director of the UBC Centre for Sport and Sustainability, and as associate director of Student and Community Engagement. She was recognized as one of the Most Influential Women in Sport and Physical Activity in 2011 by the Canadian Association for Women in Sport.

PhD student and assistant varsity men’s soccer coach Dave Partridge (seated) and advisor Ian Franks pioneered one of the first forms of computerized analysis of soccer during the 1990 World Cup, resulting in them providing contracted services for national broadcasts by The Sports Network (TSN) for three consecutive World Cup tournaments.

various Canadian national teams, the Vancouver Canucks and

1994 and 1998 World Cup tournaments. Partridge was one of 10

the Vancouver Grizzlies NBA basketball team. Another highlight

students who completed interdisciplinary doctorates through

emerged in 1992 when sports medicine specialist Don McKenzie,

the faculty of Graduate Studies, but under advisors from the

a flatwater canoe racer and former national team coach, began

school. The first of these was former Thunderbirds assistant

conducting research on the effects of upper-body exercise on

football coach Michael Canic, who completed his PhD in 1988

breast cancer patients and survivors. By assembling teams of

under Franks. Another graduate with a link to varsity coaching

test subjects on a dragon boat team that underwent rigorous

was Han-Joo Eom, a former professional volleyball player from

on-water training, McKenzie challenged prevailing beliefs that

Seoul who was an assistant men’s volleyball coach at UBC and

women who had received treatment for breast cancer should

went on a distinguished academic career in Korea. With the

not engage in upper body exercise. The experiment not only

school’s own PhD program introduced in 1994, the first doctorates

debunked conventional thinking, it lifted the spirits of test

from the school were awarded in 1999 to Yuanlong Liu for his

subjects to the point that they insisted on continuing their

dissertation on measurements and statistics under Schutz, and

training long after McKenzie’s research was completed, and

Tim McGarry, a motor learning specialist who completed his

eventually resulted in a global phenomenon of dragon boat

thesis under Franks.

racing among breast cancer survivors.

100 :: MINDS AND MOTION

In order to maintain the school’s upward trajectory, Schutz

At approximately the same time Ian Franks and PhD student

looked for opportunities to add more names to an increasingly

Dave Partridge began to make news for being among the first

distinguished faculty roster. The opportunity to do so appeared

in the world to use computers to analyze soccer play, eventually

in part due to steadily increasing enrollment at both the

contracting their expertise to national broadcaster TSN to

undergraduate and graduate levels and the eventual retirement

provide computerized analysis of televised games during the

of a handful of the school’s charter faculty members. His first

In the wake of a wave of faculty retirements, Bob Schutz looked for opportunities to add more names to an increasingly distinguished faculty roster. Among the first of these was Heather McKay, a bone density specialist who had graduated from the school in 1990 and subsequently completed her PhD at the University of Saskatchewan.

McKay later moved to the Department of Orthopaedics and Family Practice in the Faculty of Medicine.

University of Waterloo professor Michael Houston replaced Bob Schutz as the school’s fourth director in 1996. Houston had completed his undergraduate and master’s degrees at the University of Toronto and his PhD at the University of Waterloo, where his research interests centered on muscle function and metabolism. In spite of being the first outsider to assume the directorship, Houston clearly had both the skill and determination to continue nurturing the aspirations of Schutz, Morford and a growing number of faculty members to explore new horizons. But in 1998, after just two years as director, Houston left UBC to accept a professorship at Virginia Tech where he remained until his retirement in 2008.

appointments included sport management specialist Lucie

required in the role of administrative head, Schutz announced

explore new horizons. To that end, the timing of his appointment

Thibault and Alan Martin, whose research interests were in the

his intentions to step down with Alan Martin agreeing to serve

coincided with more retirements that made room for strategically

interdisciplinary realm of accurate and precise measurement of

as interim director. As work began to identify a successor,

significant hires, and for the first time, researchers whose

the human body and its composition. Wendy Frisby was lured

Schutz made plans to resume the scholarly pursuits for which

expertise would enable them to attract national tri-council

from the University of Waterloo to teach sport management as

he had won numerous awards and fellowships, and for which

grants. The first of these was Tim Inglis, a well-regarded anatomy

was Romeo Chua, a motor learning specialist from Simon Fraser

he had become widely recognized among the world’s most

and neuroscience researcher who had completed graduate

University, and Heather McKay, a bone density specialist who had

noted researchers in sport measurement and statistics. After a

studies at Queen’s University.

graduated from the school in 1990 and subsequently completed

year-long search, it was announced that a University of Waterloo

But in 1998, after just two years as director, Houston left UBC

her PhD at the University of Saskatchewan.

professor named Michael Houston would replace Schutz as the

to accept a professorship at Virginia Tech where he remained

school’s fourth director.

until his retirement in 2008. In the wake of his departure,

With the School’s academic spectrum and mandate significantly transformed from its origins in the post-war era,

Almost exactly 50 years after welcoming its first cohort

Schutz was again asked to serve as acting director for a one-

faculty members now agreed to a proposal to change its name

of students, the school had for the first time a director who

year period. In some respects, it was a peculiar conclusion to a

from the School of Physical Education and Recreation to the

was not one of its own graduates. Born in Winnipeg, Houston

remarkable career, particularly in the sense that Schutz had not

School of Human Kinetics, which indeed better reflected the

had completed his undergraduate and master’s degrees at

ever aspired to administrative leadership, and yet spent the final

breadth of programs and interests. During the same year, the

the University of Toronto and his PhD at the University of

months of his career doing just that. As the new millennium

MPE degree became the MHK degree alongside of the MA,

Waterloo, where his research interests centered on muscle

approached, what he hoped for more than anything else was for

MSc and PhD. Although only five years into his 10-year plan,

function and metabolism. In spite of being the first outsider

the school to continue along a path that would ultimately take

Schutz felt satisfied by 1995 that the school was well on its way

to assume the directorship, Houston clearly had both the skill

it to the forefront of interdisciplinary learning and research in

to the destiny he had long thought was possible. Anxious to

and determination to continue nurturing the aspirations of

an increasingly wide field of inquiry. As the school continued

return to his research work, and convinced that new blood was

Schutz, Morford and a growing number of faculty members to

its now accelerating evolutionary process, it attracted a steady

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 101

Romeo Chua joined the faculty of the school in 1999 after completing his PhD at Simon Fraser University and his first post at the University of Alberta. A motor behaviour specialist, his research in the Perceptual-Motor Dynamics Laboratory is centered on the study of human perceptual-motor control and aimed at furthering understanding of sensorimotor integration and adaptation.

Photo: Bob Frid

stream of outstanding faculty, undergraduate and graduate

“Most importantly, it said that we were not a physical education

triggered far greater elation in his heart, and indeed across the

students, leaving Schutz with much upon which to positively

school anymore.” In the spring of 2000, almost exactly 40 years

entire campus of the University of British Columbia. In the most

reflect after almost 30 years as a faculty member. The growth

after his graduation day, Bob Schutz bid his second and final

unceremonious manner, the amiable 61-year-old professor learned

of the graduate program, the escalating research outputs and

farewell to Point Grey.

via the airwaves that he had been named a co-recipient of that year’s Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

the beginnings of community service programs comprised a compelling testimony to the efforts of a long list of faculty members, both with whom he had served and those who had

A New Millennium

The announcement coincided closely with the completion of the World of Opportunity capital campaign that had added a total of $260 million to UBC’s endowment fund. The success

gone before.

Most importantly for the once wide-eyed teenager who had

On an October morning in 1993, UBC biochemistry professor

of the campaign, combined with the news that UBC had

emerged from the rainforest, the adoption of a new name for

Michael Smith awoke and turned on the radio intent on learning

produced a Nobel laureate among its faculty members, sent a

the school was a particularly satisfying indicator of what he and

the outcome of a World Series baseball game the previous

compelling signal that the respected, but regionally focused

so many others had accomplished through a time-tested force

evening. He listened eagerly as a newscaster confirmed that

university was well on its way to transforming itself into an

of will. “The name change to the School of Human Kinetics

his favoured team, the Toronto Blue Jays, had prevailed in the

international centre of research excellence. It was a triumphant

told the world what we were doing,” he said many years later.

first game of the series, but the words he heard moments later

era in campus history, particularly for members of the Board of

102 :: MINDS AND MOTION

UBC biochemistry professor Michael Smith was named a co-recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, triggering elation in many parts of the campus and signalling to the world that UBC was ascending to new heights of global academia. Following his death in 2000, the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research was established to develop, retain and recruit talented researchers, including recently appointed faculty members in the School of Kinesiology.

Governors and executive team, including President and Vice Chancellor, David Strangway, who was widely credited as being the architect of a remarkable growth strategy. With the aid of his friend and UBC governor Bob Lee, Strangway also created another lucrative source of revenue in the form of a real estate corporation known as UBC Properties Trust, which soon began transferring significant sums into endowments through a strategy to lease a small portion of the university’s

Changing Aging Class Following a hiking accident, UBC alumnus Ed Greathed, pictured at centre in this 1998 photo, became one of the first participants in Changing Aging, a fitness program for older adults designed by Sonya Lumholst-Smith. Greathed was 62 years old in the spring of 1996 when he suffered a serious leg fracture while descending a trail on Mount Seymour. Following surgery, he spent 10 weeks in a convalescent hospital in a hip-to-toe cast, followed by 10 months in physiotherapy. The following year he began looking for an exercise facility to continue his recovery and learned about Lumholst-Smith’s fledgling program. “It was right there at the doorstep of my old alma mater,” he said at the time.

He and 16 other like-minded community members, ranging in age from 48 to 84, began attending classes three times a week in October of 1997. By the following year the program had expanded to 128 participants in 19 different classes, all taught by UBC physical education students who had received specialized certification as trainers from experts in exercise physiology for older adults. “The kids don’t miss a thing, they really put their hearts into it,” said Greathed. “They teach us and we teach them.”

At the time of the program’s inception, Lumholst-Smith was director of UBC Campus Recreation and Fitness, which was then a component of the Department of Athletics and Recreation. Acquired by the school in 2004, the program remains a centerpiece of its Outreach Program and continues to provide an important experiential learning opportunity for students.

endowment lands for residential development.

The success of the campaign and UBC Properties Trust combined to escalate the endowment fund from $85 million in 1985 to over $500 million by the time Strangway retired from UBC in 1997. In turn, the endowment provided increasing levels of support for students and scholars alike, thereby serving to

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 103

Tim Inglis is the director of the school’s Human Neurophysiology Laboratory, which was the first laboratory of its kind in Canada to use a nerve recording technique called single axon microneurography to evaluate the sensorimotor control aspects of the human nervous system.

Inglis and a team of undergraduate and graduate students also study balance and postural control, including the contributions to movements made by the brainstem.

Photo: Bob Frid

steadily enhance UBC’s reputation for excellence in various

itself ensconced in a refreshed and revered academic milieu

Brimacombe’s untimely death scarcely a year later, the chief

fields and disciplines. It also paid dividends in the form of new

within which it was much better positioned to realize its bold

executive’s position was handed over to none other than David

buildings. Utilizing a combination of internal and provincial

aspirations. The best news of all, however, was yet to come.

Strangway, who upon vacating the office of the UBC president

financing, the university spent almost a billion dollars in

On February 18, 1997 the federal government passed a bill

new construction during Strangway’s presidency, including

to establish a new research funding entity called the Canada

the Biotechnology Laboratory that would later become the

Foundation for Innovation (CFI). Based on the simple premise

An accomplished epidemiologist and former vice-president

Michael Smith Laboratories, the David Lam Management

to give researchers the tools they needed to conduct world-class

of research and external affairs at the University of Alberta,

Research Centre and the Walter C. Koerner Library. With these

investigations and educate the nation’s best and brightest in

Piper also became influential within research funding circles.

buildings came many new programs in research and learning,

the process, the CFI set flight to the dreams of researchers and

In particular, she was a vocal proponent of another new federal

along with the creation of new centres such as the Peter Wall

graduate students from coast to coast. The appointment of

government strategy, one that focused not on enhancing

Institute for Advanced Studies, the Sustainable Development

metallurgical engineer Keith Brimacombe of the UBC Faculty of

research infrastructure, but on attracting the best research

Research Institute and the Liu Centre for the Study of Global

Applied Science as the foundation’s inaugural president and chief

talent from around the world and retaining those who were

Issues. Although the UBC School of Human Kinetics was yet to

executive officer further symbolized the university’s growing

already resident in the nation, including the most promising

benefit directly from the success of the campaign, it now found

national influence. This was re-emphasized when, following

graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. Announced in

104 :: MINDS AND MOTION

had set the stage for further growth under his successor, a gifted and personable leader named Martha Cook Piper.

1999, the Canada Research Chairs effectively gave license to universities across Canada to track down the best innovation talent they could find. From the very beginning, UBC was one of the new program’s most successful recruiters of what Piper passionately referred to as “human capital, the most valuable asset of all.”

It was into this charged atmosphere of promise and aspiration that a newcomer named Peter Crocker entered when he was appointed in the fall of 1999 to a five-year term as the school’s fifth director – the same year that the CFI handed out its inaugural research grants totalling $198 million. A British Columbia native, Crocker had completed an undergraduate degree at SFU and became keenly intrigued with the rapidly emerging field of sport psychology. After completing a master’s degree in motor learning, he went to the University of Alberta where he received a PhD in sport psychology and skill acquisition, honing his applied skills by coaching Alberta’s varsity women’s soccer team and examining the effectiveness of stress management programs using the provincial volleyball team as test subjects.

His first faculty appointment was at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario where he remained for two years before moving on to the University of Saskatchewan, where he remained for the next 10 years and during which time he helped to establish a doctoral program. “I was getting a little bored in Saskatchewan and saw an opportunity to help transform the school at UBC,” said Crocker. “There were always good undergraduate students at UBC and some very good research faculty, but I felt they needed help to attract more good graduate students.” One of the most immediate solutions that Crocker and others saw to attract greater numbers of top-flight graduate students was to selectively recruit new faculty members to back-fill positions now being vacated by a steady stream of retirees. “I thought ‘this is something I can do for five years.’ I knew there would be some pushback on the part of some faculty but I thought there was great potential. We could grow the exercise physiology, neuro-mechanical and socio-cultural areas. Fortunately there were lots of people on side thanks in large part to Bob Schutz who had promoted similar ideas when he was the school’s director.”

Sports psychology specialist Peter Crocker was appointed to a five-year term as director of the UBC School of Human Kinetics in 1999 and was instrumental in the development of a strategic plan that focused the school’s mission on physical activity and health. He was also responsible for the appointment of nine research-oriented faculty who attracted substantial government research funding. He currently oversees the Exercise and Sport Psychology Laboratory, which combines a variety of interrelated areas within the realms of sport, exercise and health psychology.

In fact a full 50 per cent of the school’s faculty retired during Crocker’s five years as director, which gave way to some emergent ideas among those that remained and those who were recruited.

At the same time, however, it was generally concluded among faculty members that a strategic review and planning process would be timely and valuable, particularly if a strong facilitator could be identified to lead it. That individual turned out to be Doug Jardine, the recently retired president of a North Vancouver college that subsequently became Capilano University.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 105

Jardine immediately lived up to his reputation as a “straight shooter” who would push timelines and accountability for both a new strategic plan and its attendant actions. Indeed an agreement was soon reached on a matter of considerable weight – to focus the school’s mission and vision on physical activity and health and to consolidate its research enterprise into fewer areas, settling initially on five and ultimately three.

“We wanted to consolidate into areas of strength,” said Crocker, who broadly described the three emergent areas as health and integrated physiology, neuro-mechanical kinesiology, and sociocultural studies.

Having successfully identified a common direction for the school in the 21st century, the task of recruiting new faculty members could now begin in an even more focused manner. To that end, grants from the CFI helped immensely as the school received close to $500,000 in the early rounds of funding. “That really made a big difference,” Crocker later reflected. Under the terms of the CFI, the recipient institution had to provide only 20 per cent of project costs, with the bulk of the funds being evenly divided between the CFI and simultaneously established provincial counterparts, which in the case of British Columbia was the BC Knowledge Development Fund. “UBC only had to cover 20 per cent of CFI grants so it wasn’t hard to convince the dean that CFIs were a good investment,” said Crocker.

Very shortly after receiving its first CFI grants, the school also received approval for a Canada Research Chair position, which was filled by neuro-mechanical specialist Mark Carpenter.

Overall, however, the bulk of resources for new faculty hires between the years 2000 and 2005 came as a result of retirements, with approximately half of the school’s longest-serving faculty members leaving during that period. This enabled the appointment of nine new research-oriented faculty members, each of whom appeared to have the right stuff to further elevate the school’s capabilities.

To augment the health and integrated physiology stream, the first hire was Bill Sheel, an exercise physiologist who had Photo: Bob Frid

completed graduate studies at UBC. Soon after came sport cardiology and clinical exercise rehabilitation specialist, Darren Warburton, and Karim Kahn, an exercise science physiologist and physician who was appointed jointly with the Faculty of Medicine. The new hires in the neuro-mechanical area

Mark Carpenter is the school’s associate director of research and the director of the Neural Control of Posture and Movement Lab. The objective of his lab is to identify the neural, musculoskeletal and psychological factors that contribute to balance deficits and falls associated with age, Parkinson’s disease, vestibular loss and spinal cord injury, and to identify optimal exercise, training and treatment strategies.

consisted of Carpenter, neuroscientist Tania Lam, motor learning researcher Shannon Bredin and human motor skills specialist Nicola Hodges. The sociocultural stream was substantially augmented through the appointment of Laura Hurd Clarke, whose interests encompassed the sociology of aging and health; Brian Wilson, who brought expertise in a

106 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Photo: Martin Dee

Karim Khan is an internationally recognized researcher in sport and exercise medicine. His over 300 research publications address health issues in high-risk clinical groups such as those with work-related tendon injuries, older people with osteoporosis and at risk of falls. He was a founding member and for a time co-director of UBCs Centre for Hip Health and Mobility. He is the editor-in-chief of the British Journal of Sports Medicine, co-author of best-selling physiotherapy text Brukner & Khans Clinical Sports Medicine, and the Scientific Director of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Research.

Darren Warburton is the co-director of the Physical Activity Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, the director of the Cardiovascular Physiology and Rehabilitation Laboratory and the inaugural scholar in Indigenous Studies in Kinesiology. A prolific researcher, his work spans the spectrum of Indigenous health, elite athletic performance, childhood health, quality of life in the elderly, and the treatment of patients with chronic disease and disabilities.

wide range of sociocultural areas related to consumer culture,

Repair Discoveries (ICORD), a CFI-funded interdisciplinary

moved to a much stronger position in terms of research and

media, youth, the environment, race and gender, and through

research centre focused on spinal cord injury, and the Centre for

academic reputation. The quality of our graduate students went

the return of Patricia Vertinsky, who had temporarily left the

Brain Research, also CFI-funded. Tania Lam received substantial

up significantly, as did our research funding and scholarship

school for the Faculty of Education.

funding from CIHR to establish a human locomotion lab to

awards. Looking back on it, I think it was simply a matter of

Although there were already faculty members in place with

conduct leading research on spinal injury rehabilitation. Nicola

having a good foundation, a clear vision of where we wanted

funding from federal granting agencies, the new hires were well

Hodges was able to establish a highly interdisciplinary motor

to go and recruiting aggressively.”

positioned to qualify for significantly more, including from

skills lab with support not just from CIHR, but also the Social

At the end of his five-year term Crocker stepped down to

yet another new federal initiative, the Canadian Institutes for

Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) and the

resume his intended career path as a teacher and researcher

Health Research (CIHR) that replaced the Medical Research

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC).

in the realm of sport and exercise psychology. As the new

Council (MRC) in 2000 with a new, more broadly engaged

Carpenter, Sheel and Warburton similarly attracted substantial

millennium unfolded, thanks to his efforts and those of a

health research mandate. Members of the school were already

ongoing national research funding.

dynamic collective of faculty members and staff, the school

participating in a number of major health research initiatives.

“They have all done very well and transformed the program,”

had made further forward strides toward becoming home to

Ultimately, this included the International Collaboration On

Crocker later reflected. “At the end of a five-year period we had

one of the nation’s most accomplished and respected programs.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 107

Photo: Bob Frid

Human motor skills specialist Nicola Hodges is the director of the Motor Skills Laboratory, a highly interdisciplinary lab with past support from all three major Canadian federal granting agencies. Hodges and her students conduct laboratory and field experiments to determine how and why various practice variables such as instruction, demonstrations, feedback and order of practice impact motor performance and learning among novice learners and elite athletes.

108 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Photo: Bob Frid

Photo: Bob Frid

Bill Sheel is an exercise physiologist and the director of the Health and Integrative Physiology Laboratory, whose focus is upon the interactions between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. With substantial funding from a number of government and philanthropic granting agencies, he and a team of graduate and undergraduate students focus on understanding the physiological basis and importance of cardio-respiratory interactions in different conditions such as exercise, disease, and hypoxia, and to develop further understanding of the potential therapeutic effects of exercise and physical activity.

Neuroscientist Tania Lam established the Human Locomotion Research Laboratory to conduct leading research on spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Associated with the Blusson Spinal Cord Centre at Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, the overall goal of the lab’s research is to advance understanding of the neural control of human walking and the mechanisms involved in adapting walking to environmental demands. In turn, this basic understanding of the human locomotor system informs efforts in the development and advancement of gait rehabilitation interventions for people who have had a neurological injury.

Chapter Seven: FIELDS OF INQUIRY :: 109

CHAP TER

8

The Trek Beyond “ Today is an opportunity for you to meet other graduates, faculty and staff from across different eras and generations, hopefully to discover something I have recently come to appreciate – although the academic programs and name of the school have changed over time, the passion and commitment of the students, faculty, staff and graduates for sport, physical activity and health have remained the same across the 60 years of our common history.” ‒Bob Sparks, May 23, 2009 60th anniversary of graduating class of 1949

IN TERMS OF BOTH ITS LOCATION AND AGE, UBC WAS INDEED A UNIQUE UNIVERSITY AT THE TURN OF THE MILLENNIUM. SITUATED AT A GATEWAY TO THE PACIFIC RIM, IT WAS NOW WELL CONNECTED TO ASIAN NATIONS WITH EMERGING ECONOMIES, AND TO MAJOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES SIMILARLY ON THE FOREFRONT OF KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT. IT WAS OLD ENOUGH TO HAVE ITS OWN TRADITIONS, BUT YOUNG ENOUGH TO BE NIMBLE IN RESPONSE TO MODERN NEEDS, INCLUDING PLAYING PROMINENT ROLES TO SUPPORT CANADA’S ECONOMY AND TACKLE THE WORLD’S SOCIAL ISSUES.

President Martha Piper insisted from the outset of her nine-

at an ever-accelerating pace in response to journalists from

year tenure that UBC was capable of “stepping up” to both the

across the nation who had come to regard UBC as an important

challenges and opportunities of the 21st century, and bore a

source for expert analysis on an expanding range of subjects.

societal obligation to do so.

The University-Industry Liaison Office worked at a similarly

By her second term, Piper’s inherent gifts as a communica-

feverish pace supporting research contracts and start-ups,

tor and almost evangelical commitment to lead UBC to the

with over 90 companies having been spun off by the turn of

upper echelons of global academia had garnered widespread

the millennium as a result of UBC research. The growing list

attention among other universities, particularly with other

of private and publicly traded companies underscored Piper’s

member-institutions of the prestigious Association of Pacific

oft-stated contention that research universities had become

Rim Universities and those of Universitas 21, a coalition founded

powerful engines of economic growth.

in 1997 as “the leading global network of research-intensive

As the 21st century unfolded, research funding at UBC was

universities.” Piper had also been instrumental in building

on the rise, its endowment fund was continuing to grow, and

substantial connectivity to industry and to government at both

international student enrollment figures increased steadily,

the provincial and federal levels. The university’s growing influ-

as did the ranks of research-oriented faculty members from

ence was exemplified by its Public Affairs office, which operated

Canada and abroad. Not perhaps since the growth years following the Second World War was the mood more buoyant and bullish within the university community, nor more cohesively

Martha Piper is pictured speaking at the announcement and launch of the BC Knowledge Development Fund in 1998. Piper was influential in convincing governments at both the federal and provincial levels to provide funding for research talent and infrastructure at universities across Canada, and in particular for the establishment of the Canada Research Chairs.

focused on the future, thanks to the university’s strategic plan, Trek 2000 and its update Trek 2010, that jointly emphasized not only ambitious learning and research objectives, but also strong commitments to the community and to international imperatives. Within this context, the future of the School of Kinesiology was more promising than ever, built as it was upon a strong foundation of programs, students and faculty, including

112 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Bob Sparks arrived at UBC in August of 1980 and began his 37-year academic career with a full-time post that consisted of a combination of fifty per cent assistant professor in the School of Physical Education and Recreation and fifty per cent as university diving officer.

His many contributions to UBC and to the school included 11 years as director, during which time his collegial leadership resulted in a unified strategy to usher the school on the final leg of a decades-long journey into the upper echelon of kinesiology learning and research in Canada.

talented researchers with the capability to attract funding from

research and learning. As it turned out, those involved in the

during his first two undergraduate years at Wesleyan University

all of the federal granting agencies. But the heady time was not

search determined that the leader they needed was already

in Middletown, Connecticut, and then spent a junior year

without its challenges, which were primarily three in number.

within their own ranks.

abroad in Paris. He graduated with a BA in French in 1968 after

The first was the need to replace the ongoing faculty retire-

Robert Ellsworth Coffey Sparks grew up in Springfield,

completing two summer courses at Springfield College. But as

ments by recruiting more of the right people to continue the

Massachusetts, where his father, Ray Sparks, was a professor

the war in Vietnam escalated, he correctly anticipated that a

decades-long evolutionary journey. The second was the lingering

and wrestling coach at Springfield College – the very institution

diversion in his path was inevitable. His draft notice arrived

and now acute need to establish a modern building to replace

whose curriculum had intrigued Bob Schutz in his student

in July of that same year, prompting his voluntary enlistment

the aging infrastructure of War Memorial Gymnasium and

years – and later worked for the US Defense Department as

in the US Navy in lieu of induction in the Army.

Osborne Centre, and to congregate faculty members and stu-

director of physical education and health for the US Dependents

He underwent basic training at Great Lakes, Illinois, fol-

dents in an atmosphere that was interdisciplinary, interactive

Schools European Area. During his high school years, Bob

lowed by a course in electricity and electronics, after which he

and international in scope. The third was to appoint a director

Sparks was active in sports and spent summers as a counselor

was assigned to Bainbridge, Maryland for radioman training.

who understood the school’s current culture and strengths, and

and mountaineering instructor at International Ranger Camps

He was then assigned to Coronado, California for naval special

could also see a way toward the exploration of new frontiers of

based in Leysin, Switzerland. He ran cross-country and track

warfare training, which encompassed a wide range of disciplines

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 113

and skills including underwater diving. He subsequently went

Appointed in 2001, Brian Wilson’s interests revolve around environmental issues, peace, social movements, consumer culture, media, youth, qualitative methods, and sport and leisure studies generally.

His most recent research includes studies on how stakeholders in the golf industry and mega-event organizers respond to environmental concerns; the role of bicycles in development efforts, and how sport-related social and environmental issues are covered in the media.

Brian is also director of the School's Centre for Sport and Sustainability.

through airborne parachute training at Fort Benning, Georgia and then deployed to Vietnam in 1970 where he received a Navy Commendation Medal for heroic achievement in combat and a Purple Heart after being wounded. On return to Coronado, he instructed free fall parachuting for Naval Special Warfare Group and served as a member of the US Navy parachute exhibition team.

A year after completing his enlistment and leaving the Navy, he earned a commercial pilot’s license. Aware of the often shortened careers of airline pilots owing to stringent medical requirements, he simultaneously gave thought to a back-up plan as a teacher, either in flight schools or public education.

Encouraged by his father, who had contacts at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst (UMass), he met with the university’s head of sport studies who offered him a full scholarship and teaching assistantship in their general physical education program. Easily tempted by the offer, he enrolled in a master’s program at UMass Amherst in 1973, where he taught scuba diving, rock climbing and an outdoor adventure course. Utilizing

Photo: Bob Frid

his extensive experience in adrenaline pursuits, his thesis was titled “High risk sports: A philosophical investigation.”

He entered the PhD program at UMass in 1976, and continued to teach outdoor education courses and scuba diving including extension courses offered in the Caribbean under the auspices of a non-profit organization he founded called Project DEEP

Photo: Bob Frid

Laura Hurd Clarke’s research examines how older adults’ perceptions and experiences of their bodies are shaped and constrained by age and gender ideals and norms, health and illness, healthism, disability, media representations, and their social position, including culture, ethnicity, sexuality, and social class. Her work is funded by SSHRC and includes consideration of the self-care and health promotion practices of older adults, their use of mobility technologies, sexuality and body image in later life, and media representations of aging.

114 :: MINDS AND MOTION

(Diving Education Extension Program). Remarkably, he also continued advanced flight training and eventually completed a commercial flight instructor instrument rating. It was at this time that he received a letter from a former diving student with an advertisement from the Chronicle of Higher Education for a diving officer position at UBC. He wasted no time in applying for the position and promptly received a call from Professor Bob Scagel, head of botany, asking when he could come for an interview.

“I was in North Bimini, Bahamas at the time teaching a Project DEEP sport diving course, and barefoot with long hair,” Sparks recalled. “I agreed to come as soon as possible and flew back to Massachusetts where my future wife, Kathy Guild, gave me a haircut and sent me on my way. It was a great interview, and I met a remarkable person, Bob Morford, with whom I identified straightaway as a kindred spirit. I stayed at Hal Lawson’s house for a few extra days and met several times with Bob. He and Hal wondered if I could teach the new Introduction to Sport Studies course the School had just developed. The contents fit well with the course work I had done at UMass and with my interests. My answer was a resounding, ‘yes!’”

Photo: Martin Dee

In August 1980 the newlywed couple drove across Canada

however, a change in the UDO position resulted in it being no

to UBC where Sparks embarked on an academic career with a

longer compatible with an academic position. Confident that

full-time post that consisted of a unique combination of fifty

Sparks had a great deal to offer, Morford wasted no time finding

per cent assistant professor in the School of Physical Education

a way to appoint him full-time to the school, at which point

and Recreation and fifty per cent as university diving officer

he transitioned into mass communications, health promotion,

(UDO), a position in which he was to co-ordinate, regulate

sport sponsorship and marketing, in which areas he developed

and facilitate use of underwater diving as a research tool in

an active program of funded research.

the marine sciences. Katherine, meanwhile, enrolled in the

In 1995-1996 he took a leave of absence and taught courses in

UBC Faculty of Education master’s program in educational and

sport management and conducted research as a senior lecturer

counselling psychology.

in the School of Physical Education at the University of Otago in

During his first term of employment at UBC, he completed

Dunedin, New Zealand. It was to be a transformational move.

and defended his dissertation at UMass Amherst, titled

“The position opened my eyes to the importance of leadership

“Intentional action in sport: A philosophic investigation” and

in university administration and gave me the opportunity to

was awarded his PhD in the spring of 1981. For the following six

study the literature in this area,” said Sparks. “On returning

years he taught undergraduate courses in the school, conducted

to Canada, I decided to move into administration as the next

research in philosophy of sport and sociocultural studies and

phase of my career. I took the position of Associate Director

instructed underwater diving. Concurrently, in his capacity as

Undergraduate Affairs for the School in 2001-2004, thinking

UDO, he conducted “check out dives” for faculty and students,

this would give me leadership experience and help me prepare

developed diving regulations for the university and helped

for a leadership post in Canada or the US.”

found the Canadian Association for Underwater Science and

As it turned out, he didn’t have to look beyond the familiarity

the CAUS Standard of Practice for Scientific Diving. In 1987,

of Point Grey to secure a leadership position, as the opportunity

Motor learning specialist Shannon Bredin is a leader in community-based initiatives in the field of physical activity, health and the prevention of chronic disease. She is the founding director of the Cognitive and Motor Learning (LEARN) Laboratory, whose research examines factors that influence human motor development, learning, and performance, with the overall goal of developing evidence-based tools, strategies, and standards for the development of healthy physical behaviour and expert performance across the lifespan. She is also director of the Laboratory for Knowledge Mobilization, which systematically evaluates available science in an effort to translate and disseminate evidence-based information across the spectrum of endusers for the promotion of physical activity, prevention of chronic disease, and the development of sport performance.

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 115

Photo: Bob Frid

Exercise and sport psychology specialist Mark Beauchamp is a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar and the director of Psychology of Exercise, Health, and Physical Activity Laboratory. His research draws from diverse disciplines, including behavioural medicine, organizational psychology and education, and is dedicated to understanding physical activity behaviour across the age spectrum and developing conceptually-sound evidence-based interventions that are cost-effective and sustainable. He also serves as the associate dean for research in the Faculty of Education.

116 :: MINDS AND MOTION

arose at UBC when Peter Crocker stepped down as director of

of his university colleagues, he was energized by the knowledge

the school in 2004. “Prior to applying, I spoke with a number

that as a collective they were more unified than perhaps ever

of people and gave careful thought to what the school needed

before, particularly with respect to what the school’s future

in a leadership capacity at the time. Based on this, I committed

could hold in a world that increasingly embraced the importance

to an approach that would build on the very positive develop-

of physical activity in health, and for what the school could

ments the school had undertaken in the new curriculum, the

contribute by sharpening its focus on human well-being. He

equitable workload provisions around teaching and research,

also believed that such an approach would have to begin by

and the new strategic plan based on Trek 2000.”

focusing on members of the school themselves.

During and after his time at Otago, he became increasingly

“One of the ways you create a strong, vibrant and positive

convinced that the optimal university leadership model had to

organizational culture is to support your people and to make

be highly collaborative and distributed in nature, and one in

administrative processes transparent and accessible,” Sparks

which faculty members, staff and students would be invited to

said in reflection upon the first months of his directorship. “I

participate directly in the planning and operations of the school.

took it upon myself to be as personally transparent as possible.

The timing for a leader committed to this kind of thinking

I told faculty, staff and students that nothing was off the table

couldn’t have been better. Not only was Sparks highly respectful

and they could ask me about anything I was doing. I was fully

accountable and willing to talk.” To that end, he sought input for enhancing key administrative processes, including teaching mentorship and peer review guidelines, which were researched, developed, reviewed by committees of faculty members, and ultimately approved by the school in May of 2007.

He also targeted several key areas for renewal and development, using the literature he had studied at Otago on university administration and models of organization that emphasized collaborative approaches. One of these was the organizational culture of the school. “Basically, I wanted to create a supportive environment among faculty, staff and students and make the school the best place to work, study and learn in Canada, and hopefully North America and the world.”

Above all, he was determined that the all-important task of hiring would be one in which all faculty members would be welcomed to take part. He engaged them to collectively identify strategic priorities and develop a hiring plan, with his task being to look for funding opportunities for the positions. At a retreat in December 2004, the school identified hiring priorities which coalesced into three positions: exercise nutrition, sociocultural studies, and sport and exercise psychology, although subsequent circumstances ultimately made it difficult to make appointments strictly according to the plan. Selection committees were convened for each position, the first of which was the psychology position which was filled by Mark Beauchamp, who had completed a PhD at the University of Birmingham, as assistant professor, exercise and sport psychology.

In 2005, Tim Inglis discovered a funding opportunity through the Canadian Chiropractic Research Foundation for five-year bridge funding to support a named professorship in spine Photo: Bob Frid

biomechanics and neurophysiology. Even though this area had not been identified previously, there was support in the school that resulted in the appointment of recent Université Laval PhD graduate Jean-Sébastien Blouin, who was a post-doctoral fellow in the school at the time and held a doctorate of chiropractic, one of the requirements for the funding.

An opportunity to create a joint appointment in kinesiology and sports medicine arose during the hiring process in 2008 for an exercise physiology position. Sparks worked closely with Bob Woollard, head of family practice where the Division of Sports Medicine was located, and Gavin Stuart, dean of medicine to sort out the options. Ultimately, the Faculty of Medicine was

Prof. Jean-Sébastien Blouin leads a team of researchers in the Sensorimotor Physiology Laboratory to investigate whole-body human physiology. His specific research interests include characterising the physiological processes allowing humans to stand upright as well as the application of robotics and sensory approaches to probe the sensorimotor control of bipedalism and of the head and neck system. Specific research projects are directed to the mechanisms underlying the integration of multisensory information for human movement and to specific applications including the identification of neuromechanical risk factors for whiplash injuries and the related development of potential mitigation strategies.

able to cover one-third of the position and thereby enabled the school to appoint Michael Koehle, a practicing physician and environmental physiology expert who had recently completed a PhD in the school.

With laboratory instruction also identified as an area of

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 117

Michael Koehle, a practicing physician and environmental physiology expert, completed his PhD in the school and was appointed jointly with the Faculty of Medicine in 2008. His funded research as director of the UBC Environmental Physiology Laboratory focuses on the effect of the environment on the cardiorespiratory system. This work includes the physiology and genetics of altitude illness and the interaction between exercise and environmental pollution. Through a combination of clinical work and research, his team also focuses on the prevention and treatment of other illnesses and injuries associated with exercise, including musculoskeletal issues, asthma and other respiratory conditions. In 2018 he succeeded Don McKenzie as the director of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre.

118 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Maria Gallo is an exercise physiologist specializing in leadership education for pedagogy and physical activity. A member of the Rugby Canada Hall of Fame, she is also the director of the Masters of High Performance Coaching and Technical Leadership Program. As a former national team athlete in rugby and bobsleigh, she is able to stimulate her students’ interest with real-life examples encountered in the realm of sport science. In her concurrent role as the head coach of the UBC Thunderbirds Women’s Rugby Team, she participates actively in the school’s evolving and strategically significant partnership with the Department of Athletics and Recreation.

Photo: Bob Frid

Photo: Bob Frid

Paul Kennedy is a neuro-mechanical expert who specializes in engaging students in active learning processes. As part of his work, he has designed a curriculum that challenges the students and promotes dialogue on the concepts and principles inherent to the science of human movement, and encourages them to share their opinions, questions and concerns with teachers to create an optimal learning environment.

concern, Sparks applied for and received competitive university funding in 2008 to support hiring two teaching faculty members and a laboratory technician, resulting in the appointments of exercise physiologist Maria Gallo and neuromechanical specialist Paul Kennedy to instructor positions and alumnus Rob Langill as a technician and lecturer. As encouraged as they were with the appointment of such promising talent in their midst, faculty members and students alike were increasingly stifled by the aging, inadequate and decentralized physical environments in which they were forced to work.

Sparks’ efforts to find a modern home for the school began in the first week of his directorship when he met with representatives from UBC Properties Trust and senior administration about the procedures for proposing a new building. These early steps began a long process of learning the ropes of central administration and working with other groups on campus that were in similar situations as the school, including nursing, Photo: Rich Lam

occupational science and occupational therapy, population and public health, sports medicine, and the clinical research group in physical therapy. From this early work, there emerged a proposal for the Community Health Sciences Centre (CHSC) that would bring these groups together in a synergistic, incubator-type environment focused on

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 119

The inaugural first-year cohort of students in the recently renamed UBC School of Kinesiology gather in the first week of September, 2011 to take part in Imagine UBC, a university-wide welcome and orientation day for entering students.

120 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 121

interdisciplinary research, interprofessional education and knowledge mobilization concerning community health. In spite of his efforts as the project lead and the continued support of central administration, the CHSC concept ebbed and flowed but failed to become a reality, resulting in members of the school continuing to reside in scattered locations throughout the campus, and leaving unfulfilled the long-held aspiration to find a modern home.

Place and Promise The appointment in 2007 of an international law and human rights scholar named Stephen Toope as UBC’s 12th president, along with the subsequent release of a refreshed strategic plan entitled Place and Promise, appeared to signal the start of a new evolutionary era in the university’s history. Keen to remain aligned with a plan that emphasized student learning, the school undertook bold new initiatives designed to enhance the student experience.

Chief among these was a long-held aspiration to develop a co-operative learning program for undergraduate students.

Sparks applied for and received competitive university funding in 2008 to support the development of such a program, designed and inaugurated by Dave Sanderson, who was senior associate director, and Simone Longpré, who had been appointed as program coordinator. Next there came a staff position in student development to enhance the school’s student support programs, a role that was capably fulfilled by school alumna Robyn Leuty under the supervision of Sanderson. The next key step was the hiring of student peer advisors in the undergraduate advising Photo: Martin Dee

office, under the guidance of Fran Harrison with support from Deborah Gromer.

A staff position in alumni development was created and filled by alumna Lindsey Smith who oversaw the start-up of a peer mentoring program in which alumni would mentor

As Vancouver prepared to host the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, Bob Sparks seized the opportunity to have UBC involved in various research projects aimed at athlete performance under the umbrella of a national Games-focused strategy called Own The Podium and another called the Olympic Games Impact (OGI) project, a formal assessment of the economic, social and environmental impacts before, during and after the Games. Mandated by the International Olympic Committee, the OGI Project, along with a grant of $300,000, was awarded to the school under Sparks’ direction. The research was conducted by Rob VanWynsberghe, a lecturer in the school at the time, and subsequently an assistant professor in the Faculty of Education. The project grant agreement between UBC and the Vancouver Olympic Organizing Committee also provided a stimulus for establishing the UBC Centre for Sport and Sustainability in 2009 as a legacy of the Games.

senior undergraduates about career development. Part of the rationale for the alumni coordinator position was to identify a network nationally and globally that graduates could draw upon for support, and to align with the university’s broader emphasis on alumni engagement.

As these structural pieces came into place under Sanderson̕s leadership, Sparks could see new opportunities in the offing as Vancouver prepared to play host to the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. He began by holding a stakeholder meeting in 2006 with interested UBC faculty and administrators and representatives from the Vancouver Organizing Committee

122 :: MINDS AND MOTION

(VANOC) and 2010 Legacies Now about potential UBC involvement. This resulted in funding from the VP External and Legal Affairs Office to support an Olympic and Paralympic theme in departmental seminars across the campus, and a high profile Sport in Society lecture series.

Sparks also played a lead role in UBC involvement in various research projects aimed at athlete performance under the umbrella of a national Games-focused strategy called Own The Podium (OTP) and another called the Olympic Games Impact (OGI) project, a formal assessment of the economic, social and environmental impacts before, during and after the Games.

Mandated by the International Olympic Committee, the OGI Project, along with a grant of $300,000, was awarded to the school under Sparks’ direction. The research was conducted by Rob VanWynsberghe, a lecturer in the school at the time, and subsequently an assistant professor in the Faculty of Education.

The project grant agreement between UBC and VANOC also provided a stimulus for establishing the UBC Centre for Sport and Sustainability in the school in 2009 as a legacy of the Games. Other faculty members also became involved in the Games, with Don McKenzie serving as chair of the Own The Podium Human Performance Awards Committee, Jack Taunton as the chief medical officer for VANOC, and Michael Koehle as a medical officer for Nordic events.

Modern Identity On December 4, 2008 members of the UBC School of Human Kinetics met to take a vote on changing the name of the school.

Prior to taking a formal vote, Bob Sparks set two conditions, Photo: Martin Dee

the first of which would be that a two-thirds majority would be required for the name change to pass, and the second was that abstentions would count as a vote against. The voting members in attendance included two undergraduate student representatives, two graduate student representatives and 20 faculty members. After an extensive discussion, a motion was made to change the name to the School of Kinesiology. A count of the closed ballots revealed that 17 votes had been cast in favour and seven opposed with no abstentions, a result which met the two-thirds required majority. A problem, however, soon arose.

The Human Kinetics Undergraduate Society executive pointed out that in an online survey conducted prior to the vote,

Exercise psychology specialist Guy Faulkner joined the school in 2015 with the distinction of holding a CIHR Chair in Applied Public Health. Faulkner leads the Population Physical Activity Lab which conducts research to address factors that cause or prevent physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour; to discover how participation in physical activity influences mental health, and how effective population-level physical activity initiatives can be designed, delivered and disseminated for public health.

undergraduate students indicated they did not want to abandon the name Human Kinetics and expressed strong concerns that their voices had not been heard. Sparks immediately met

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 123

All photos: Martin Dee

Emma McCrudden was appointed in 2016 to a newly created position evenly divided between the school as lecturer in sport and exercise nutrition, and the Department of Athletics as sport dietitian for student-athletes. She qualified as a dietitian from the University of Ulster, Northern Ireland and later completed a master’s degree at England’s Loughborough University in sports nutrition and exercise physiology. She worked at the English Institute of Sport from 2008 to 2013 and was the lead dietitian for Leinster Rugby of Dublin from 2010 to 2013. After moving to Canada she joined the Canadian Sport Institute and worked with national teams, including the women’s soccer and swim teams in preparation for the 2016 Olympic Games.

124 :: MINDS AND MOTION

with the students to review their concerns and search for a

and consequential changes in the names of the BHK and MHK

solution. Attempts were made by the school to revisit the issue

degrees (to BKin and MKin, respectively), were approved by

with the Human Kinetics Undergraduate Society executive in

a 95 per cent majority, with 18 votes cast in favour and one

the spring of 2009, and again with the subsequent executive

opposed. The change of the name was then put forward by the

during the 2009-10 academic year, but to no avail. In the fall of

provost at Senate on April 20, 2011 and approved. “It was a long

2010, however, a new executive indicated their willingness to

process but it was worth the wait,” said Sparks, who was now

hear arguments in favour of the name change and to conduct

in his second term as director. “In addition to approving the

a second student vote, which culminated in an online ballot

change, Senate conveyed congratulations for having listened

in early March, 2011 in which 92 per cent of students voted

to and involved our students.”

in favour of the change. The opinion was shared by graduate

Having completed a final step in forging a new identity that

students, who just a few weeks earlier had met to discuss and

accurately reflected the school’s current reality and future

to ultimately vote unanimously in support of the new name.

aspirations, the next critical task was to pay close attention to

Based on the students’ support, a proposal was again

another upcoming round of faculty appointments. By this time

brought forward to the School of Human Kinetics Council on

the school’s popularity among entering students was a key factor

March 24, 2011, and the name change to the School of Kinesiology

in funding faculty positions, based on a new university formula

A Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research and Rick Hansen Institute Scholar, Chris West is an integrative physiologist with a primary focus on how the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems respond to spinal cord injury. He conducts research as director of the Translational Integrative Physiology Laboratory located at the Blusson Spinal Cord Center, which houses the International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD). He was part of the International Cardiovascular Health Clinic that served at the London 2012 Paralympic Games, the Socchi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games and a number of world championship events. Although he took up a new post in the Faculty of Medicine in 2018, he remains an adjunct professor in the school.

whereby all faculty and program budgets were responsive to

Shannon Bredin, Gail Wilson and Barry Legh who provided

enrollment figures. With financial matters top of mind in both

program oversight. The school also supported hiring a staff

the school and across the campus, Sparks was determined that

member to expand international undergraduate student enrol-

the approach to hiring would be as resolutely collaborative in

ments and coordinate international affairs. The position was

his second term as it had been in the first.

capably filled in 2013 by Carlos Cantu who began to oversee

Following an external review of the school’s outreach pro-

the school’s international summer program and to contribute

grams led by Sanderson in 2012, the school created an outreach

to international student recruitment as well as relationship

manager position to support overall operations of the Active

building with peer overseas universities. These were important

Kids and BodyWorks programs and a range of community

new staff positions, however, during this same time the school

initiatives. A key part of BodyWorks was the Changing Aging

struggled to identify cognate areas for hiring faculty members

program that had been pioneered by Sonya Lumholst-Smith

that would be supported by everyone. Ultimately, a major break-

in the 1990s and acquired by the school in 2004 from the

through was reached at a retreat led by Mark Carpenter, Brian

Department of Athletics and Recreation. The new manager,

Wilson and Nikki Hodges, when the group agreed to a mixed

Suzanne Jolly, reported to Wendy Frisby in her role as associ-

approach – to hire a research faculty member in socio-cultural

ate director of student and community engagement and to

studies, a teaching faculty member in the area of statistics and

John Kramer’s research interests are focused on understanding the relationships between spinal cord injuries and neuropathic pain. Like ICORD colleague Chris West, he is a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research and a Rick Hansen Institute Scholar. His research program is playing a critical role to develop neuro-imaging and quantitative sensory testing techniques to better understand how changes in the central nervous system relate to the development of neuropathic pain, and to explore the relationship between pain, neurological recovery, and other secondary health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease.

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 125

a lecturer in a jointly funded exercise nutrition position with the Department of Athletics and Recreation.

A fortuitous opportunity subsequently arose when UBC Provost David Farrar, approached Sparks in the fall of 2014 about the potential for a fully funded spousal appointment for exercise psychology specialist Guy Faulkner, the husband of newly hired Associate Vice-President Equity and Inclusion, Sara-Jane Finlay.

The school eagerly supported the proposal, enabling the appointment of Faulkner, who also had the distinction of holding a CIHR Chair in Applied Public Health. Following endorsement of the shared funding strategy with the Department of Athletics and Recreation, a joint search was conducted that resulted in the 2015 appointment of Emma McCrudden to a position evenly divided between the school as lecturer, sport and exercise nutrition, and the Department of Athletics as sport dietician.

In addition to successfully filling these planned appointments, the school was able to take advantage of other strategically significant opportunities to further sharpen its focus in

Andrea Bundon joined the faculty in 2016 after completing her PhD at UBC and a postdoctoral fellowship at the Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport at Loughborough University (United Kingdom). Her research uses community-based methodologies to explore the experiences of people with disabilities in sport and exercise environments including the Paralympic Movement. She has also published extensively on the use of digital tools and technologies in qualitative research.

Eli Puterman was appointed to the faculty of the school in 2015 as a Canada Research Chair in Physical Activity and Health. A Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar, his research seeks to understand the interplay among stress, aging, and exercise, and how physical activity can mitigate the biological and psychological antecedents of disease. As director of the Fitness, Aging and Stress (FAST) Laboratory, his team is developing new intervention trials and laboratory-based studies to assess the extent to which both acute and long-term exercise can strengthen psychological and biological stress responses and immune function in children and adults.

areas of human wellness. In January 2014, Sparks was approached by the director of ICORD (International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries), Wolfram Tetzlaff, about the school serving as ‘home department’ for applicants for the Rick Hansen Institute/ Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar Award program. If successful, the applicants would receive five years of salary and an office and lab at ICORD, along with start-up funds to support their research. Ultimately, the school supported three applicants and two were successful, enabling the appointment of exercise physiology specialists Christopher West and John Kramer as assistant professors.

In addition, the school was able to renew the CRC Chair

Photography: Martin Dee

position that Mark Carpenter had held for its two terms.

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After completing her PhD in the school in 2015, Carolyn McEwen was appointed as a teaching faculty member who could anchor the area of statistics in support of both undergraduate and graduate students and teach courses in research methods, statistics, and sport and exercise psychology. She made immediate strides towards creating connections between course content and students’ personal experiences and future goals to develop understanding of the application of acquired knowledge. Her unique and dedicated approach to curriculum design effectively challenges students to develop information and research literacy skills, while exploring quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches to research in kinesiology.

Carpenter was appointed full time in the school, and a search was conducted to fill the vacant chair. In June 2014, the school nominated Eli Puterman for the position, pending the success of his CRC application in Ottawa. The application was subsequently approved in Ottawa, and Puterman was named assistant professor, Canada Research Chair Tier 2, Physical Activity and Health. The next appointment was that of school graduate alumna Andrea Bundon as assistant professor in socio-cultural studies in health, physical activity and sport.

Finally, the school supported hiring a teaching faculty member at the Instructor level who could anchor the area of statistics and work with undergraduate and graduate students. After a rigorous search, the school was able to hire Carolyn McEwen. A PhD student in the school at the time, McEwen’s hiring date was set to January 1, 2016, making hers the final faculty appointment of Bob Sparks’ tenure as director.

Continuing the Journey On the evening of November 13, 2015 in the newly constructed Robert H. Lee Alumni Centre, a large crowd applauded enthusiastically as Martha Piper walked to a speaker’s podium. Back at UBC to serve as interim president during a search that culminated in the appointment of Professor Santa J. Ono as UBC’s 15th president, Piper thanked alumni and donors in attendance for their support of the largest university capital campaign ever completed in Canadian history. Launched in 2011 under the presidency of Stephen Toope, the start an evolution campaign exceeded its goal of $1.5 billion with a final total of $1.624 billion.

The crowd listened appreciatively to Piper’s familiar voice, and those of faculty members and graduates who spoke in grateful terms about their campaign-supported endeavours, and then erupted even more eagerly when the campaign’s final tally was officially announced.

The celebration on that evening symbolized invigoration on the part of the entire UBC community as the campaign’s success enabled a vast spectrum of unprecedented opportunity.

Fittingly, the revelry took place on an evening that was almost exactly a century after UBC had welcomed its first students in 1915. Now among the world’s top-ranked research institutions with a combined total of some 50,000 students on two thriving campuses, the people of UBC had a great deal to celebrate during the auspicious 2015-16 academic year. Conspicuously absent, however, was Stephen Toope, who had been the chief architect of the campaign but had left UBC as the campaign wound down, ultimately to take up a new post as vice chancellor of the University of Cambridge. The news of his appointment to Cambridge after leaving UBC exclaimed a decidedly compelling footnote to the hundred-year story of the University’s altogether extraordinary evolution.

Although not a direct beneficiary of the campaign’s success, there was little doubt that the School of Kinesiology, with its unique commitment to the biological, behavioural, and sociocultural study of physical activity, sport, and health, was well

UBC president Stephen Toope is pictured with Clara Hughes at a 2008 Congregation ceremony in which an honorary degree was conferred upon Hughes in recognition of her extraordinary achievements in both summer and winter Olympic games. As UBC president and vice-chancellor from 2006 to 2014, Toope made numerous leadership contributions to UBC, highlighted by the start an evolution capital campaign that raised over $1.6 billion and helped to further elevate UBC’s reputation among the world’s most revered institutions.

positioned to make its own rich contributions to humankind.

The school’s undergraduate degree programs were now among the most sought-after at UBC among entering students from across Canada and many points in the world, who viewed the BKin degree as an appropriate foundation for an increasingly wide range of professional programs, including medicine, and as an appealing alternative to the faculties of arts and of science as a platform for a modern liberal education. Equally importantly, its research capacity was growing by leaps and bounds, and some 7,000 graduates were now engaged in the broad fields of

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 127

Gail Wilson, chair of the Physical and Health Education Program, and Bob Sparks present 2010 graduating student Kady Huhn with a certificate honouring her as the top student in the program.

As varsity women’s field hockey coach from 1977 to 1993, she led the Thunderbirds to five national championships, received numerous coaching awards, served as an assistant coach with Canada’s national team and was inducted into both the UBC and University of Toronto’s Sports Hall of Fame.

Her expertise is focused on the development of training modules for physical activity practitioners in school-based physical education, community recreation, and sports programs. She has also provided extensive leadership service to the School as undergraduate program coordinator and providing oversight for community and student engagement programs.

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human movement science, physical activity and health across the nation and beyond.

In this regard, the school’s evolving expertise and collaborative approach to exploring new frontiers in health promotion, disease prevention and treatment were aligned with the university’s own vision statement that had remained unchanged since it had been introduced 18 years earlier – “to serve the people of British Columbia, Canada and the world.”

In the final two years of his tenure as director, Bob Sparks made certain that no stone was left unturned to ensure that the school had done all it could in support of the spirit and objectives of Place and Promise, work that capped off a remarkably eclectic career. In addition to his work within the school, he had served for three terms on the University Senate and participated in various Senate committees and other groups in pursuit of enhancing the university’s learning and research environments as well as its service to alumni and the wider community. As chair of the Senate Academic Building Needs Committee he helped raise the profile of facility issues at the Point Grey campus, and spearheaded an action plan to involve the faculties and Senate more directly in campus planning and development. In his capacity as chair of the Senate Photo: Martin Dee

Admissions Committee, he worked closely with the faculties and administration to monitor and update admissions policies and support the university’s strategic priorities in admissions innovation, campus diversity, Aboriginal engagement and international engagement. He actively supported the Senate Ad Hoc Committee on Student Mental Health and Wellbeing and contributed to a related Senate review that resulted in increased awareness and responsiveness by Senate committees.

In his capacity as director, he ensured the school had its own strategies in each of these areas and was engaged with the

After an extensive international search, Robert Boushel was appointed as director of the UBC School of Kinesiology on June 1, 2015.

A Canadian-born and internationally recognized scholar, Boushel received a doctorate in anatomy and physiology from Boston University and subsequently began a 20-year teaching and research career at Concordia University followed by his appointment within the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Copenhagen, where his work was focused upon broad areas of exercise physiology. Prior to assuming his role as the school’s seventh director, he served as professor and chair in physiology of the prestigious Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences.

university’s core strategic initiatives including a new central administration focus on health.

During the final year of his tenure as director, a search committee identified and recruited his replacement in the

Chair in physiology of the prestigious Swedish School of Sport

“Clearly during my directorship there were people who

person of Robert Boushel, a Canadian-born and internationally

and Health Sciences (formerly Stockholm University College

worked hard to lead the school, yet everyone contributed their

recognized scholar. After receiving a doctorate in anatomy and

of Physical Education and Sports), the oldest institution in

part through research, teaching and community engagement.

physiology from Boston University, Boushel’s 20-year teach-

the world in its field, founded in 1813 by gymnastics pioneer

At the end of the day, when I looked at all this, I found that

ing and research career began at Concordia University in his

Pehr Henrik Ling. Sparks heartily applauded the appointment

every single individual in the school had stepped up and played

home town of Montreal, followed by his appointment within

of Boushel as “an absolutely superb choice,” and spoke with

an important leadership role in making the school what it is

the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the University of

noticeable enthusiasm at a reception held in War Memorial

today. The growth and development of the school in recent years

Copenhagen, an institution long recognized as a leader in physi-

Gymnasium in June of 2015 to officially welcome his successor.

should not be understood as my success, but as the success of the

ological research on exercise, and where Danish physiologist

Just over two years later as he prepared to officially retire, Bob

group in pulling together and raising the bar of our collective

and 1920 Nobel laureate August Krogh conducted breakthrough

Sparks reflected on the period in which he served as director,

accomplishments. There is great mutual support, enthusiasm

research on oxygen diffusion. Prior to assuming his role as the

and of his determination to emphasize collegial and distributed

and esprit de corps in the school. I am really proud to have

school’s seventh director, he served as professor and Åstrand

leadership that had indeed borne fruit.

been part of that story.”

Chapter Eight: THE TREK BEYOND :: 129

CHAP TER

9

Epilogue

By Robert Boushel Director, UBC School of Kinesiology

June 1, 2018

IT HAS FREQUENTLY BEEN OBSERVED THAT HIGH-PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATIONS HAVE SEVERAL PRIMARY CHARACTERISTICS IN COMMON. THE FIRST IS A STRONG FOUNDATION, OFTEN BUILT UPON DECADES OF EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT. THE SECOND IS A TENACITY FOR TARGETED GROWTH GROUNDED IN SCHOLARSHIP AND INNOVATION. THE THIRD IS A CLEAR VISION FOR THE FUTURE, AND A DETAILED STRATEGY TO FULFILL THE VISION, AND A FOURTH IS A COLLECTIVE ENGAGEMENT TO BRING THAT VISION TO FRUITION.

In the spring of 2015, my vantage point upon the UBC School of Kinesiology was the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences in Stockholm, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and the Copenhagen School where the field of Kinesiology began. But even when viewed from afar, it was apparent that the UBC School had an enviable foundation in the form of extraordinary faculty members, students, staff, undergraduate and graduate programs, and an exemplary record of community service. It also had some 7000 alumni, a great many of whom had become leaders and influencers in a wide range of endeavours. Upon closer examination, it was also clear that its vision to advance knowledge across the sub-disciplines of kinesiology was sharply focused, and the strategy it employed to fulfill that vision had clearly resulted in escalating levels of research achievement, a truly enriched multidisciplinary learning environment and direct translation of these entities through vibrant community programs.

In addition to serving as director of the school, Robert Boushel maintains an active research program. He is pictured here (right) working with Jose Calbet, an affiliate professor from Spain’s University of Las Palmas sampling from the femoral artery and vein to measure oxygen and metabolites during exercise in a female triathlete.

132 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Simply stated, it was evident that the school that had been eagerly founded by UBC leaders in the months following the

A specialist within the realms of sport, exercise and health psychology, former school director Peter Crocker provides expertise and support for UBC studentathletes, including the varsity women’s volleyball team, which won seven U SPORTS national championships between 2008 and 2017.

conclusion of World War Two had indeed earned its place among the world’s finest kinesiology programs, intent on making substantial contributions to learning and research for societal good on an ever-widening scholarly spectrum. It is therefore an extreme understatement to say that the opportunity that was subsequently afforded to me to lead such an organization on the next leg of its evolutionary journey was an appealing honour.

Looking back on the school’s most recent and transformational years, it is only appropriate to express gratitude to our longest serving faculty members for their commitment to the school, to their chosen areas of expertise, and for helping to navigate through the changes that have taken place. I am similarly grateful for the encouragement and support of Dean Blye Frank, and for the work of all former directors and associate directors for the leadership roles they have played. In particular, I wish to thank my immediate predecessor, Bob Sparks, who initiated this book his wisdom. His dedication to the school and character as a leader comprise a model to which I aspire as director.

Special thanks as well to senior instructors Barry Legh and Gail Wilson, whose careers included successful athletic

Photo: Bob Frid

project, led the school over the last decade and generously shared

histories, varsity coaching roles and formative contributions to outreach programs that are today at the heart of our commitment to the community. I also wish to thank Don McKenzie, who recently retired as director and founding member of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre, and also to congratulate him for his vast research contributions to the field, which situated UBC as a world-leading entity in sports medicine. His leadership at the Olympic level as well as in exercise medicine are known worldwide. In addition, I join all members of the school in thanking and congratulating retiring faculty member, Ian Franks, for his wide-ranging achievements, citizenship and contributions over his long and extraordinary career in the science of human movement and as a national leader in coaching. Finally I wish to emphasize the contribution of countless sessional instructors, whose gift of time and expertise have been essential to the success of four generations of students.

It must also be acknowledged that the school’s foundation has been strengthened by many dedicated non-academic staff members throughout its history, particularly in recent years during which there has been a marked increase in services for Fran Harrison, Deborah Gromer and Rob Langill for many years of outstanding service. Tremendous gratitude is also owed to those who have developed and maintained a comprehensive

Photo: Bob Frid

students. On that front, I wish to acknowledge Simone Longpré,

After receiving his MPE from the University of Washington, Barry Legh was appointed in 1984 as a faculty member and head rugby coach.

While an undergraduate at UBC, he played on the varsity squad under coach Donn Spence, and subsequently for the provincial and national teams. He was inducted into the UBC Sports Hall of Fame in 1993, along with other members of the 1970-71 team, widely recognized as one the finest in UBC history. Among the longest-serving faculty members in the school’s history, he specializes in athletic training and high performance conditioning, and is an advisor on strength and conditioning to the BodyWorks Fitness Centre programs.

EPILOGUE :: 133

Dragon boat racing among breast cancer survivors has grown in popularity and participation in many parts of the world. Its origins are traced back to a research project led by Don McKenzie, who wanted to challenge a prevalent belief among physicians that patients and survivors should not engage in upper body exercise. In fact, his research showed exercise substantially reduces cancer recurrence. Pictured is the emotionally charged image of participants in boats that have been pulled together for a flower ceremony that happens at every regatta as a means to remember others who remain in treatment and those who have passed on.

134 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Photo: Bob Frid

Photo: Bob Frid

Former graduate student Rob Langill is lab manager for the Kinesiology Learning Centre and one of the longest-serving staff members in the school. In more recent years he has also served on faculty as a lecturer, whose focus is on physiology and anatomy of the digestive, urinary, endocrine, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems.

The School of Kinesiology’s Outreach Programs are a series of programs dedicated to community and student engagement and are overseen by an advisory board comprised of kinesiology faculty members. Staff members of the Community Program are pictured in 2014 with Alan Grant, a participant in the BodyWorks program.

range of community engagement opportunities that deliver long-

longest-serving staff members of recent years, beginning with

university. The school also has the highest representation of

term health, social vibrancy and well-being to the community

Bernice Urbaniak, who served as administrative manager until

academic all-Canadian athletes (varsity athlete scholars) at

through physical activity programs supported by the expertise

her retirement in 2011, as well as her successors, Clara Ng, Jennifer

UBC, many of whom are on national teams, and our graduate

of the school. In addition to those currently responsible for

Barrow and Amy Kao who serves in this key leadership role today.

students are amongst the highest in tri-council funding success.

delivering on these community imperatives, I wish to thank

Sincere thanks are also in order to executive coordinator and

And although the various international rankings of universities

former program and facility managers Suzanne Jolly and

program administrator, Kathy Manson; IT systems analyst, Cliff

are more art than science, we are all pleased to note that the

Christina Sequeira for many years of innovative leadership, and

Storlund, and Osborne Centre facility manager, Halton Lin for

UBC School of Kinesiology ranked fourth in the world (first

more recently, Dylan Brown for similar leadership achievements

their many years of service and contributions to what the UBC

in Canada) on the 2018 QS World University Rankings for

engaging children in sport and physical activity.

School of Kinesiology is today.

sports-related subjects.

In a similar light, my predecessors and faculty colleagues have

But what exactly is the school today? I could produce a

More importantly, however, what is our vision for the future?

emphasized that the school has also enjoyed the dedication of

litany of glowing characteristics, but perhaps a few of the most

Is it the same as it was five or ten years ago? The answer is

a long list of staff administrators right up to and including the

affirming are that the BKin degree is one of the most admissions-

yes, but the superb calibre of our faculty, students and staff

present day. I cannot express adequately the importance of their

competitive programs at UBC, and the school’s student ratings

will no doubt expand the range of possibilities that we might

contributions. In particular, however, I wish to highlight our

of satisfaction are consistently amongst the highest across the

be positioned to explore. It has been extremely satisfying to

EPILOGUE :: 135

Photo: Martin Dee

School of kinesiology students gain valuable experience and course credits as strength and conditioning interns, working directly with varsity athletes under the supervision of certified strength and conditioning coaches in the Department of Athletics. In this 2015 photo, school graduate and former Thunderbirds hockey player, Lisa Bonang (centre), provides support and instruction for students who are among approximately 20 appointed to internship positions each year.

136 :: MINDS AND MOTION

witness the level of engagement across the school in the recent year-long process that created a new five-year strategic plan.

With the leadership of Paul Kennedy, we have revitalized the undergraduate curriculum to blend classical foundations across disciplines with novel course development and experiential learning opportunities that respond to current and future horizons in the field. We are increasingly merging theoretical curricula (constructs) with research-based inquiry to foster a continuum of meaningful learning to ensure that students are equipped with the most innovative tools and translational skills that enable them to pursue an expanding array of career opportunities. The new curriculum includes new streams of disciplinary focus and we are excited about the launch of new curricular and research initiatives in Indigenous Studies in Kinesiology.

At the graduate level, our students are already giving flight to countless ideas and aspirations, both through their own extraordinary talents and greater access to faculty mentors who are among the best in the world. Our MA and MSc research while the MKin program will incorporate enhanced interdisciplinary practical skill development. The new Master’s in High Performance Coaching and Technical Leadership led

by Maria Gallo in partnership with Dave Hill at the Canadian

Photo: Martin Dee

degree programs are being revised to allow greater focus on

Moss Norman is a socio-cultural scholar who has specialized in the study of youth, gender, health, and physical culture. Since his appointment to the school in 2016 he has continued with his Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council funded program that explores Indigenous masculinities in Fisher River Cree Nation (Manitoba). With this line of inquiry he is working collaboratively with Indigenous partners in the exploration of Indigenous world views and is incorporating Indigenous methodologies into his research. He also maintains secondary but active research interests in rurality and recreation.

Sport Institute-Pacific that enrolls pan-Canadian national level coaches is setting trends in innovation for the next generation of Canadian leaders. Plans are underway for parallel graduate degrees in kinesiology to provide training for practitioner scholars in exercise medicine and athletic performance enhancement. The school has also revitalized the Centre for Sport and Sustainability led by Brian Wilson. The research output by faculty has soared in recent years with substantial growth in tri-council and foundation funding success, new faculty hires, outstanding doctoral students, a large expansion of post-doctoral fellows and collaborative relationships nationally and internationally. Mark Carpenter has played a key role in advancing the school’s research capacity by implementing strategic research initiatives and funding mechanisms. Our current researchers are bolstering networks in a manner that will surely result in further scholarship capacity, all the while creating new opportunities for graduate students.

While our vision is enduring, the strategy we employ to fulfill it will require revisiting and refreshment in alignment with the Faculty of Education and university’s new strategic plans that map out a blueprint for the future. Coupled with our new strategic plan is an accountability framework to document

The Chan Gunn Pavilion, a new facility for the UBC School of Kinesiology and the UBC Faculty of Medicine, opened May 15, 2018. The new building replaces the John Owen Pavilion as the home of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Clinic and continues the legacy of collaboration between the Faculty of Medicine and the School of Kinesiology. The building, which is also home to the school’s Integrative Human Physiology Lab, includes rehabilitation space, gym and labs for research into movement mechanisms, injury recovery strategies and optimal exercise training for people with cancer and other chronic diseases.

and support our progress led by Kathy Manson in her role as

EPILOGUE :: 137

The international connectivity of the UBC School of Kinesiology is exemplified in this 2011 photo taken at Nairobi’s Kenyatta University. A research study led by Bill Sheel that looked at pulmonary limitations to exercise presented an opportunity to collaborate with faculty and graduate students from Kenyatta, utilizing local athletes (wearing green UBC t-shirts) as research participants. The UBC contingent, wearing scrubs in back row, were (left to right): UBC Okanagan faculty member, Glen Foster; Michael Koehle; Bill Sheel and undergraduate student, Josh Tremblay.

138 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Photo: Bob Frid

Helping others through research, Tania Lam works with Kyle Gieni at the Physical Activity Research Centre (PARC) at ICORD, an accessible fitness centre and research facility for individuals with spinal cord injuries. Numerous other UBC researchers are involved in research programs that are either aligned, or in collaboration with ICORD’s mission, including School of Kinesiology faculty members Rob Boushel, Darren Warburton, John Kramer, Romeo Chua, Tim Inglis, Bill Sheel and Mark Carpenter.

EPILOGUE :: 139

Photo: Rich Lam

140 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Photo: Rich Lam

Photo: Rich Lam

Today, as in the beginning, many students in the school are also members of varsity teams, including those recognized annually by national university sport governing body U SPORTS (formerly CIS) as Academic All Canadians, student-athletes who have maintained honours standings in programs of full-time study. Among those honoured in 2017 in the UBC School of Kinesiology are Karn Phagura (opposite page), 2018 graduate Nicole Saxvik (left) and Ciara Hanly (above).

executive coordinator and program administrator. An essential

Federal Infrastructure Fund. The new building replaces the

era of campus-wide growth that occurred when the school

thrust underlying our strategic plan is to profile the school’s

John Owen Pavilion and continues the legacy of collaboration

was founded in 1946, and indeed a time for anticipation and

historical and contemporary scholarship and the importance of

between the Faculty of Medicine and the School of Kinesiology

optimism for what the future might hold. In the meantime, it

the field of kinesiology for society. We are also resolutely focused

initiated in 1979 by the school’s former Director Bob Morford,

is only fitting to conclude this retrospective of the UBC School

on what is undoubtedly our single most important strategic

Bill Webber, Dean of Medicine, and Peter Grantham, head of

of Kinesiology with a grateful and reverent salute to the men

imperative – overcoming the lingering issue of inadequate

the Department of Family Practice.

and women who lit the figurative torch back in 1946, and to

and outdated physical space. We simply cannot continue the

As we go to press, I am hopeful that we will reach approval

evolutionary growth of previous decades in facilities that were

of a major infrastructure project that will result in a new home

built during the school’s early years, and that are not conducive

for the school that will create a knowledge hub situating the

Finally, on behalf of all current members of faculty and staff,

to highly innovative collaboration. We have made progress

field of kinesiology in a central role in the health and vibrancy

I wish to express our sincere hope that our students and alumni

with the recent opening of the new Chan Gunn Pavilion which

of the UBC community, province and nation. Although a capital

will regard their time at UBC as among the most memorable and

houses the Alan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre led by Mike

campaign must be undertaken in the near future to complete

fulfilling times of your lives. Although the campus has changed

Koehle as the new director and the school’s Integrative Human

the total funding required, we are confident that the many

dramatically, we hope that you will return often with friends

Physiology Lab with Bill Sheel as director. The building which

influencers and visionaries at UBC, within government, our

and family members to reconnect with places and people that

amalgamates the School of Kinesiology’s physiology faculty

alumni and the wider community will share our aspirations

played formative roles in your own personal journeys.

members with the Sport and Exercise Medicine Program in

to create a multi-use research, teaching and community

the Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, was

engagement facility in which our accumulated reserves of

made possible by generous donations from Dr. Chan Gunn

human capital can be optimized for the greater good of all.

and Jack and Darlene Poole and a substantial award from the

those who made it burn brighter with every passing year. It is they to whom this book is dedicated.

Thank you for being a part of our history, and very best wishes to all.

These are indeed buoyant times, much like the post-war

EPILOGUE :: 141

ALL - TIME ALUMNI

Undergraduate student degrees: Bachelor of Phys Education BPE, Bachelor of Rec Education BRE, Bachelor of Human Kinetics BHK, Bachelor of Kinesiology BKIN Graduate student degrees: Master of Phys Education MPE, Master of Arts MA, Master of Human Kinetics MHK, Master of Science MSc, Master of Kinesiology MKIN, Master of High Performance Coaching and Technical Leadership MHPCTL, Doctor of Philosophy PhD, Doctor of Education EdD 1949 BPE Frederick G. Andrew, Jack D. Armour, Lewis S. Attwell, Janet L. Baker, Isabel M. Bodnar, William Boyd, Doreen F. Bulowski, Eric R. Cardinall, Lloyd E. Cornett, Jacqueline Q. Durrant, Walter D. Findlay, Beverly D. Fraser, Ken Genge, George A. Gordon, Peter C. Greer, Gerald T. Horne, Nora J. McDermott, John A. McKinnon, J. R. Mitchell, Richard Mitchell, Terry E. Nelford, Joan E. Nelson, Clarence B. Olafsson, John I. Pavelich, Walter R. Penn, Malcolm A. Porteous, Ross C. Rathie, Basil A. Robinson, William Sainas, Roi Shermann, Roy L. Siver, Robert W. Stangroom, Albert W. Thiessen, G. B. Thompson, Peter T. Trim, Norman S. Watt, Michael White, Margaret A. Willis 1950 BPE Joan M. Clark, Eric S. Dakin, Belinda D. Duyvewaardt, Jean M. Galloway, Edwin H. Gautschi, Robert S. Glover, James D. Hamilton, Frederick Jones, Frank T. Kennedy, Giriard R. Kirby, John A. MacDiarmid, Kenneth K. Maltman, Hugh K. Marshall, Leslie E. Matthews, Donald E. Moore, Gordon M. Morrison, Kathleen A. Munro, Robert G. Murphy, Shirley M. Piercy, Archibald H. Pride, James W. Roots, John H. Sawyer, Dennis R. Shields, Carolyn P. Slight, Ian S. Sprinkling, Mearnie Summers, Ronald P. Sweeney, Marion L. Williams 1951 BPE Donald G. Adams, Alan R. Billington, Evelyn I. Bird, Ernest C. Colman, D. V. Cue, P. J. Dawson, Clare J. Drake, Ivan E. Hansen, Maureen C. Hibberson, Kenneth A. Hodgert, Frank P. Holm, Marjorie J. Knutson, Eleanor E. Lauzon, Jean M. Leiper, Robert D. Lindsay, Samuel G. McCaig, Robert G. McKee, Aubrey C. McTaggart, Charles E. Nichols, Howard R. Nixon, Howard E. Oborne, Elizabeth J. Orford, William A. Parker, Elizabeth A. Roberts, Garvin H. Robinson, William D. Ross, David W. Roxburgh, Barbara Schrodt, F. L. Skubay, J. G. Squire, John J. Stangroom, Edward A. Strother, Nicholas Turik, June-Diane E. Wells, William T. Wood, Mary L. Wright, Harrison S. Young 1952 BPE Shirley D. Bacon, Maxwell E. Bertram, Alexander Clark, Louise M. Devereaux, Louise Devereaux, Walter R. Fee, John R. Gilbert, Bryan J. Grondahl, Bob Hindmarch, John W. Hodgins, Margaret B. Hunter, Esther O. Mathews, Ian M. McHardy, Harold B. Mitchell, William Popowich, Audrey M. Russell, Norma Russell, Marshal L. Smith, Donald R. Smyth, Richard R. Stephens, Robert H. Wassick 1953 BPE Alan H. Borthwick, Audrey J. Broderick, Kenneth F. Campbell, Adele R. Herbert, Danny L. Larsen, John M. MacDonald, C. F. MacLean, Arthur R. Martinson, Jean A. Morgan, Gordon E. Potter, Rene C. Rousseau, David E. Shunter, Walter D. Sorochan, Helen K. Todd, George W. Upson, Frank Vaselenak, Robert B. Walker, Daniel S. Zaharko 1954 BPE Laurence D. Brealey, Janet R. Bush, Douglas E. Cole, Elliott J. Covey, E. P. Crehan, Ebert J. Crosetti, Ruth J. Gorwill, Gerald S. Kenyon, William Kushnir, Stanley D. Lawson, Ronald G. Leversage, George E. Longstaff, Elmer S. Matthews, Marilyn R. Pomfret, Gunnar J. Ramslie, Morris B. Slater, Patricia M. Strange, Stephen T. Stratton, Garfield W. Taylor, Donald R. Thompson, James S. Todd, William A. Whyte, William B. Wilson 1955 BPE James P. Boulding, Gerald B. Elliott, Mary J. Elliott, Ian M. Geggie, Geoffrey L. Goodship, Orla M. Harrison, Diane I. Heath, Patricia M. Johnson, Glenn Kirchner, Eleanor K. Kueber, W. H. Rourke, Cecil J. Taylor, Gail L. Van Sacker, Lloyd J. Wilkinson 1956 BPE Richard B. Alderman, Mae I. Bell, Robert A. De Buyscher, Edward I. Fougner, William G. Gibson, Lois M. Harris, June M. Iddins, J. I. Knight, Evelyn A. Lansdell, Stephanie J. Lowther, Reginald T. MacFarlane, Loretta A. McDonald, Royden W. McKelvie, Patricia M. McQuillan, W. R. Morford, Ernie O. Nyhaug, Frederick F. Roots, Joyce E. Roots, Magretta G. Ruth, Karen E. Sanford, Louisa L. Sharpe, Donn E. Spence, Richard H. Street, Audrey M. Stromberg, Thomas I. Tucker, Charlotte A. Tutte, Janie D. Wright 1957 BPE Bruce R. Ashdown, James Bilesky, Elizabeth M. Crockford, Gordon S. Davies, Charles S. Deheck, Eugene V. Doroschuk, Winford F. Green, Theodore H. Hansen, Clive R. Hughes, Edmund A. Hunt, Patricia A. Jordan, Alan J. King, Roger A. Kronquist, Louise M. Mason, John A. McCormack, Sheila M. McLennan, William L. Melville, Glenda W. Morris, B. J. Oates, Gary D. Sinclair, William Smith, Joan L. Walmsley 1958 BPE Alan F. Brabant, Marion J. Collins, Shirley J. Donald, Gerald E. Gray, Robert W. Holt, E. H. Karras, Marnie Keith-Murray, Ian B. Kelsey, Graeme M. Mackay, Malcolm C. Mackay, John R. Mann, Joseph F. Matovic, James R. McKellar, Derek N. Nunney, Donald J. Puddy, James W. Russell, George Sarich, James G. Scantland, Elizabeth A. Urquhart, Arthur J. Wright 1959 BPE Shelagh Anderson, Robert W. Blackaby, James A. Buchanan, Robert T. Carkner, Jack A. Cross, John D. Dennison, K. P. Dewar, Glyndon W. Doroschuk, Edward H. Downing, Sandra H. French, Gerry G. Glassford, John Hemingway, Florence H. Hermiston, John J. Hudak, Barry A. Kerr, Heather D. McCallum, Patricia K. Richardson, Elizabeth V. Shearer, Donald J. Shore, Barbara J. Swan, John R. Towers, Laurie W. Tuttle, Byron L. Vickery, David E. Welch, Jean V. Young 1959 MPE W. Robert Morford 1960 BPE Elizabeth B. Durdan, Arthur E. Field, Larrie A. Grant, Diane M. Grisdale, Geoffrey M. Jackson, Douglas H. Jennings, Peter W. MacIntyre, William S. Maslechko, Gordon S. May, John Moncrieff, J. B. Ostrom, Helen J. Rogers, Harley J. Schindel, Donald S. Sloan, Margaret C. Solomon, Gordon I. Walmsley, Donald K. Winslade 1960 MPE Richard B. Alderman, John D. Dennison 1961 BPE Leslie W. Aiken, Inge Andreen, Bernard P. Bermbach, Roy J. Bianco, Ronald R. D’Andrea, Joe K. Dang, William D. Dubois, Doreen M. Fraser, S. T. Hutton, Marilyn P. Kinghorn, David A. Lee, Alexander H. Martin, John M. Montgomery, Terrence R. Pelton, Alexander C. Ross, C. M. Russell, Isabel W. Ruttle, Carl G. Saarinen, Robert W. Schutz, Sheila G. Towgood, Bruce T. Wallace, Kareen B. Wong, Albert Zilinski 1961 MPE May A. Brown, Edmund A. Hunt 1962 BPE Donald J. Arnold, Edwin G. Beck, Sidney L. Brail, Don L. Cunnings, John B. Drinkwater, Harold M. Engelson, Garry J. Haensgen, Floyd W. Johnson, Gordon C. Johnson, Joseph R. Johnson, John R. Kavalec, Edward P. Kubek, Brian E. Leach, Duncan M. McCallum, John M. McLean, James F. Millar, Shirley B. Mortell, John P. O’Brien, Gordon A. Olafson, David R. Parsons, Wayne D. Pretty, Paul D. Rothe, Marvin E. Scott, Phyllis D. Scott, Dennis J. Selder, Beverley A. Sharrock, John C. Showers, Arnie F. Smith, Nancy M. Smith, Aidan E. Spiller, Frank G. Thompson, Ronald T. Tobin, Cyril E. Venables, Harold A. Walters, Joanne Wilson, Alan D. Yarr 1962 MPE Eric W. Banister, Bryce M. Taylor 1963 BPE George F. Andrews, Gordon L. Betcher, J. A. Blackaby, Peter C. Bossons, Ronald G. Bourget, Leonard V. Bryce, J. D. Chapman, Anne E. Davidson, J. G. Geldart, Maxwell E. Gordon, John V. Hicks, Helen L. Hutchinson, Thomas C. Johnston, William P. Johnston, Bruce A. Kinghorn, Ron J. Kolbus, Henry R. Loewen, A. C. MacLean, Robert W. Mason, Donald S. McCuaig, Walter M’Lot, Donald R. Nesbit, Ruth R. O’Bryan, Norman F. Olenick, Roger M. Pells, Milan Potkonjak, Patrick J. Roberts, Alexander A. Serediak, Douglas N. Sturrock, Arluene M. Syverson, C. R. Tarr 1963 MPE Joseph R. Johnson, John Moncrieff, David R. Parsons, Donald K. Winslade, Alan D. Yarr 1964 BPE Vern D. Brown, Paul Brownstein, Arthur C. Burgess, J. B. Day, E. G. Dettelbach, James C. Duncan, Howard F. Ellis, Donald G. Ely, Ray Foubister, Clyde M. Griffith, Margarita L. Hemingway, Jay S. Hooper, Hugh W. Johnston, Frederick T. Kitamura, John D. Latta, John L. Lusk, William H. McLean, Alan Metcalfe, James F. Olynyk, Glenn J. Parkinson, Patricia J. Pawlett, Melvin G. Petrie, Brent W. Rutherford, Patricia D. Seghers, Barry H. Smeeth, Wayne W. Smith, Richard J. Williamson, Tom T. Yano 1964 MPE Arthur E. Field, Harvey A. Scott, Albert W. Taylor 1965 BPE Marion J. Alexander, Graham D. Allen, Dennis Berg, Alfred T. Clark, Michael J. Dohm, Joseph F. Drdul, James E. Dux, Maurice L. Ellis, Robert N. Forhan, Melvin A. Galloway, Bryan J. Gray, Carole M. Greyell, Gerald F. Groome, Margaret M. Groome, Kenneth A. Hall, Mauri A. Hjelt, Donald V. Hotner, David B. Howie, Mary L. Jaffary, Gordon E. Johnson, Tetsuhiko Kariya, Raymond M. Kimoto, William C. London, Alice S. Lusk, Donald I. MacRitchie, Robert J. McGavin, Roger McKay, Jere T. Mitchell, Gordon E. Mundle, Thomas J. Nelson, Ronald P. Patchett, Kenneth R. Pearce, Campbell B. Ross, Keith G. Watson, David G. Wheatcroft, Gary P. Wilcox, Susan R. Witter, Paul J. Wurz 1965 MPE Norman F. Olenick, Terrence R. Pelton, Dennis J. Selder, Robert C. Simmons, Bruce T. Wallace 1966 BPE James W. Akerman, John E. Austin, Paul A. Beckow, Nathaniel Bent, Peter J. Black, William R. Boyd, Kenneth L. Broderick, Charles J. Butt, John L. Cartmel, Don O. Chamberlain, Cann V. Christensen, Karen E. Doyle, George H. Drury, Frances H. Eger, Jennifer C. Erickson, Earl R. Farenholtz, William L. Gooding, John P. Gordon, Marie T. Gyenese, Marjorie P. Hamilton, Ronald E. Harcus, Michael E. Henderson, Norman E. Johnston, Laurence G. Kay, Sandra J. Lacelle, Roger A. Lancaster, Monica H. Lindeman, Margaret H. Lindsay, Mary S. Little, Diane L. Lloyd, Stephen E. Lydiatt, John B. Mackenzie, Dean R. MacKinnon, Claude A. Marsden, Lorraine M. Matheson, John E. McKenzie, Margaret McLardy, Keith D. Meakins, William J. Mitchell, Richard E. Mosher, Ralph E. Murray, Stephen L. Norman, Perry K. Oike, Brian S. Paterson, Ronald V. Samol, Brian L. Scorer, Patricia Shore, Michael G. Smith, Elizabeth D. Soule, John S. Spencer, Donna G. Stadt, Stanley A. Stewardson, Gary B. Strom, Donald B. Sturrock, Jeno Tihanyi, Marianne L. Toth, Raymond J. Van Ieperen, Roberta L. Weber, Leslie A. Wilson,

Historical Timeline 1912

1931

1936

McGill University establishes Canada's first School of Physical Education

A 17-year-old first year UBC Arts student named Bob Osborne leads the varsity basketball team to UBC's first-ever national championship

Bob Osborne wins a silver medal with Canada's basketball team at the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games

142 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Maury Van Vliet and Gertrude Moore are appointed as UBC's first physical education instructors and to establish intramurals sports programs for students

Lee M. Wright 1966 MPE Graham D. Allen, Graham E. Benedict, Edwin H. Gautschi, Charles S. Jordan, Henry R. Loewen 1967 BPE Alex T. Atamanenko, Barbara A. Aven, David E. Brown, Gordon E. Cameron, Gerald R. Curle, Norman H. De Leenheer, Frank P. Dyck, Edward A. Emerson, Robert C. Forbes, Mary A. Fowler, Derek J. Hamlet, Hans Hoenig, Janet G. Hume, Gary F. Jennings, Marilyn A. Johnston, Paul F. Killeen, Detlef R. Kunz, Ralph A. Laidlaw, Harry F. Lendvoy, Don A. MacDonald, M J. MacLean, Brent D. McComb, Linda M. McDonald, Barry W. McGavin, Kenneth K. Miki, Daniel R. Miscisco, Neil H. Murray, Robert A. Nessman, Victor H. Osis, Brian M. Percevault, Ann V. Ratkowsky, Bruce H. Robertson, Janice I. Robinson, Shirley D. Robinson, David H. Selby, Terrance M. Shaw, Carlton A. Sheeley, James W. Smith, Robert P. Stebbings, Douglas E. Stoutley, Byron A. Thorne, Peter W. Tudhope, Howard A. Wenger, Edward J. Youngberg 1967 MPE Inge Andreen, William R. Boyd, David L. Chambers, Edwin A. Duggan, Roger C. Jackson, Kenneth A. Leithwood, William T. Lorenzen 1968 BPE Sharon E. Bagshaw, John R. Bain, Barbara J. Baker, Thelma D. Barkley, Cynthia G. Barrett, Brian E. Barron, Wayne E. Blake, Denis G. Boulton, Arlee N. Bryant, Norma D. Buckley, Barry J. Callaghan, Robin V. Carr, Alvie L. Christie, John W. Conroy, William J. Dellert, Dennis W. Des Lauriers, Neal A. Dockendorf, John P. Drdul, Robert A. Dugas, Paul F. Durose, Malcolm E. Elliott, Douglas G. Everett, Bernard Fandrich, Stephanie A. Fast, Glen R. Frederick, Dennis A. Fridulin, Carol A. Gibson, Kenneth E. Goodwin, Mark R. Granlin, John T. Haar, Dora M. Hunter, Larry E. Johnson, William G. Johnston, T. M. Kamm, Karen L. King, Karl J. Klein, Kathryn M. Lefevre, Michael Thomas McDowell, Robert G. McGill, William B. McNulty, Reginald W. Miller, Bruce A. Murray, Andrew L. Nemeth, Albert F. Nishi, Robert G. Paulley, Charles W. Phipps, Norman Poggemoeller, Victor D. Rahn, Bryan W. Rattray, Ronald D. Reagh, Robert W. Redford, Endla Rehtlane, Brian C. Rigby, Susan J. Robertson, Gerald R. Salisbury, Jack Schriber, Elizabeth R. Shaw, Stewart B. Snider, Dianne J. Spearing, Norman D. Staveley, Michael M. Taylor, Ronald J. Taylor, Patricia A. Tsukimura, Sharon W. Urton, Asbjorn Valdal, Kaye I. Vandermeulen, Sjouke Vandermeulen, M. M. Villeneuve, David L. Weightman, Ernst W. Wilmink, Larry H. Wilson, Nancy Wobick 1968 MPE Sandy A. Blackshaw, Duncan M. McCallum, Eugene D. Rizak, Norman R. Thomas, Jean V. Young 1969 BPE David G. Backie, C. J. Bolter, Robert J. Brownsword, Judith F. Cahoon, Kent E. Chappell, Carolyn A. Davis, Miles F. Desharnais, Leonard P. Doray, John D. Drysdale, Derwyn G. Dunbar, Gary A. Gribling, Margot Griffiths, David A. Hendry, Ena M. Hobelaid, Janice R. Horwood, Gayle L. Hubbard, Brian E. Jones, Gary A. King, Helene H. Konrad, Vernon L. Lieb, Johnny M. Macko, Robert J. MacLean, Leona C. Maggs, Doreen C. McKinlay, Paul G. McMillen, D. M. Mieras, Richard W. Miller, John M. Nickerson, Dale M. Ohman, Robert B. Percevault, Walter G. Polzen, Ronald W. Protocky, John H. Salmela, Marcia L. Santor, Vicky J. Sargent, Terrence C. Schuss, Kenneth W. Shields, Raymond I. Stevenson, Jacob V. Suderman, Edward R. Sutherland, Marilyn Thoeny, Mary L. Thomson, Shirley Vader, Reg G. Volk, Sheila I. Watson, Barbara A. Webster, Mildred Y. Wilson, Ernest R. Yacub, John L. Young 1969 BRE Malcolm L. Jorgenson 1969 MPE Raymond L. Debienne, Brian E. Jones, Robert R. Laycoe, A C. MacLean, M J. MacLean, Michael Thomas McDowell, Kenneth K. Miki, Neil H. Murray, Christopher L. Stevenson, David E. Welch, Howard A. Wenger, Sharon A. Whittaker-Bleuler 1970 BPE Bonnie A. Backosti, J. W. Backosti, Gary W. Baker, Reginald R. Baylis, Leonard F. Bousquet, Douglas W. Bradshaw, Leslie H. Burgener, Linda K. Buxton, Robert A. Buxton, Richard A. Chambers, Ronald M. Czerniak, Esther Del Vicario, Janice L. Engemoen, David Goodman, Grace E. Halvorson, Fred Handley, Ute S. Hanelt, Robert J. Hatton, Richard D. Hill, Barry W. Hodgins, Barbara A. Hunter, Ronald G. Johnson, Joseph R. Kenward, Eiji Kitagawa, Carol E. Kitchen, Robert E. Knowles, Donald B. Krekoski, David K. Lanphear, Kendra L. Law, Janis E. Lindsay, Kenneth N. Maclean, Donald D. Matheson, Anthony J. Mayor, John D. Moores, Arthur D. Mortimer, Michael C. Oram, Margaret L. Pallot, Barry R. Pendergast, Terry P. Price, Stephen J. Reynolds, Ella M. Rodenkirchen, Donna L. Rotter, David G. Russell, Mark W. Ryan, Marti L. Ryan, Karen L. Schadt, Don R. Schwartzenhauer, Robert A. Shannon, Robert A. Shires, Karen E. Suzuki, Anne L. Taigje, Richard R. Turley, Joe K. Uyeyama, Linda L. Williamson, Anne F. Wilson, John A. Wilson, Frank J. Wood, Shunichi K. Yokota 1970 BRE Effie-Jane L. Ashcroft, Christina L. Baird, M. J. BatesSmith, Margaret N. Browne, Betty J. Burke, Margaret A. Elfstrom, Louise M. Henson, Margaret E. Inkster, Julie A. Ough, Elaine C. Parmenter, Daniel G. Pretty 1970 EdD Terrence R. Pelton 1970 MPE Terence I. Gordon, Brian J. Kelly, Harry F. Lendvoy, Robert G. McGill, William B. McNulty, Ian S. Reid 1971 BPE Alan E. Barry, Andrew G. Beane, Allan M. Bell, Dwayne R. Biagioni, David B. Breen, Lawrence B. Brinton, Richard L. Carroll, Carson B. Carter, Leonard A. Cederholm, Gordon B. Cheek, Gregory A. Cosens, Barbara A. Dalton, Daniel B. Dalton, Michael R. Darnbrough, Ronald G. Edmonds, Kenneth M. Elmer, Stephen C. Fera, Thomas J. Fleming, Harry W. Geddes, Rose M. Geddes, David A. Gifford, Alan B. Gilder, Clark W. Glanville, Deanne Goldberg, Victoria M. Green, Lynn Griffith, Richard R. Gunn, John L. Hampton, Sandra J. Hartley, Timothy R. Hurley, Clyde K. Inouye, Joseph W. Kainer, Sandra L. Kirby, Derek C. LaCroix, Brian R. Lee, Maureen I. Leech, Trudy A. Leishman, Raymond W. Lencoe, Sheila M. MacLean, Colin M. MacLeod, Leonard R. Marchant, Alyson J. McLellan, Vernon N. Miller, John W. Narbett, Paul L. Pederson, Wilbert J. Repo, Jane M. Rogers, Norma J. Rose, Valerie R. Sherwood, E. M. Stafford, Jack L. Stoochnoff, Edward W. Thompson, Anne C. Thomson, Brenda J. Tole, Harvey A. Toms, Tyma M. Tweten, Kasper J. Walraven, Kathleen V. Webster, Richard G. Weston, Robert E. Whitehead, Barry F. Wilcox, Kenneth H. Wilson, Pamela A. Wilson 1971 BRE Linda A. Arnold, Deborah L. Barton-Moore, Sheila M. Campbell, Marilyn I. Chambers, Kenneth A. Cross, Linda P. Cross, John H. Killick, Thalia R. Kingsford, Dale R. McDermid, A. K. Muldoon, Larry J. Ohlmann, Eunice E. Richards, Judy Rogers, Stephen R. Sheriff, Caroline S. Sogawa, Mary F. Sutherland, Terrence W. Teeft, Paul R. Trustham, Alan R. Ure, Dougal A. Walker, Margaret T. Weiss 1971 MPE William J. Kinsey, Katherine H. Mulholland, Jacques Pouliot, David G. Russell, Marti L. Ryan, Kenneth W. Shields 1972 BPE John F. Ainsbury, Brian R. Alexander, E. J. Allen, Trevor C. Arnold, Charles N. Beamin, Linda G. Bing, James H. Boyce, Lorne A. Brown, Theresa K. Bruch, Stanley H. Callegari, J. Douglas Carr, John D. Carr, Nicola H. Carroll, William W. Cartwright, Anne E. Cliff, Mary E. Cross, Alan P. Crowe, Linda L. Day, William C. Dick, Richard E. Down, William Edwards, Susan D. Field, Kathryn A. Fielder, Maureen A. Fishleigh, Ed L. Folk, James R. Fowler, Pauline A. Gensick, William A. Goodman, Wendy E. Grant, F. John A. Hawkins, Christopher Hay, John R. Hibberson, Leona M. Hickson, Gertrude K. Hirschfield, Thomas R. Holtby, Geoffrey W. Horn, John L. Hoy, Joyce A. Hurford, Robert J. Jickling, Leslie A. Kearns, William P. Lambert, Allan J. Larson, Heather P. Lennie, Brent D. Loader, Henrik Lyth, Heather S. MacPherson, Richard A. Marks, Ann M. Marra, Margaret E. Masuch, Ronald E. McBride, James I. McCue, Brenda I. McFarlane, Terri A. McGovern, Spence G. McTavish, Raymond P. Melnyk, Raymond P. Melnyk, William A. Morrish, Roberta D. Mulhern, Nancy L. Nagel, Robert F. Niddery, Marcia E. Nodwell, Frank Nordquist, Eija K. Peitso, Erwin E. Penner, Robert J. Pollock, Dennis L. Quigley, Bruce D. Ratcliffe, Sheila E. Ritchie, Peggy A. Robinson, Karen C. Sanderson, John A. Sanford, Moshe Sasson, Barbara L. Scarsbrook, Ronald M. Sellers, Douglas C. Service, Barbara L. Shannik, Gregory C. Thomas, Ronald A. Thorsen, Denise A. Trowsdale, John W. Turpin, Linda L. Watson, Bernadette Weston, Robert P. Winch, Wing K. Wong, Ann Wright 1972 BRE Valerie M. Abassi, Linda A. Aleks, Ronald T. Austen, Beatrice A. Baxter, Michael J. Brow, David R. Bruce, Barry G. Buckle, Vivian G. Coutts, Marilyn J. Fera, Patricia L. Forst, Coleen L. Fraser, Mary F. Garner, Margaret E. Garnett, Beatrix H. Grant, Brenda E. Harrison-Gallagher, Elizabeth J. Johnston, Kathlyn A. Kenny, Heather J. LaCroix, Dredre M. Leevers, Gail K. Martin, Nathan L. Matthew, Christina Melnechuk, Glenda C. Peterson, Winona G. Pugh, Nora D. Sharp, Margaret Stevens, D. E. Switzer, Diane E. Wallace, Leslie W. Wood Hutton 1972 MPE Elizabeth J. Cushing, Peter Klavora, Janis E. Lindsay, Donald C. McKenzie, Mark W. Ryan 1973 BPE Rosalind Atherton, Robert Attoe, Robert C. Baldwin, Briar E. Ballou, Edward R. Banks, Beverly A. Barnes, Jennifer M. Berry, Patricia M. Berry, Byron C. Bevans, Carole M. Bishop, Patricia J. Boswell, Linda M. Brett, Terry D. Brine, Steven M. Brogan, Elaine A. Brown, Katrin Bull, Ellen A. Coates, Douglas L. Cochran, Louis G. Cooke, Katherine A. Couch, Barbara Cox, Joan L. Currie, Gordon L. Diewert, Richard F. Folkmann, Brian D. Gibbons, Jack L. Goeson, R. B. Goldsworthy, Robert C. Grafton, Douglas J. Green, Gary J. Green, Richard S. Hanna, Glenn F. Hara, Gerald R. Heaney, Robert B. Henderson, Garth P. Henrikson, Wayne A. Hirayama, Maria B. Hittrich, Don G. Hunter, Mariana N. Johnson, Curtis Johnston, Connie L. Karst, Bruce Kiloh, Alan D. Kisby, Alfred C. Konrad, Richard Kranabetter, Joanne L. Langley, Robert W. Larson, Graham W. Laughlin, Geoffrey B. Legh, Kenneth G. Lemmen, Anne R. Light, Margo M. Lupien, George K. Mapson, Anne E. McCullough, Kenneth L. McGuire, Archibald McKinnon, John B. Meachin, Wayne S. Nakatani, Muriel J. Neale, James R. Nelson, Jo-Anne M. Perley-McField, Barrie M. Redl, Warwick J. Reid, Ken T. Richardson, Allison I. Ross, Robert B. Ross, Keith W. Russell, Joanne M. Sargent, Fermino Scodellaro, Michael J. Shannon, Deborah E. Sigalet, Sharon F. Snow, Murray L. Swales, Ronald P. Sweeney, Tommy K. Tagami, James H. Tarves, Glenn L. Tibbles, L. S. Truelove, May M. Wan, Paul Wlodarczak, Richard P. Woods, Thelma S. Wright 1973 BRE John K. Aslin, Brent A. Berry, Brian W. Bourassa, Brenda J. Brierley, David R. Bruce, W. P. Cawsey, Richard J. Chatwell, Karen D. Coe, Sandra E. Gooding, Sandra J. Granberg-Dodd, Suzan A. Guest, Cynthia J. Havdale, Philip M. Haveruk, Arlene Henderson, L. Arlene Henderson, Maureen P. Isabelle, Heather J. Jell, Ro-Anne Johnston, Maureen P. Jorden, Muriel A. Kerr, Carolyn F. Lloyd, Edward T. Murray, Lionel N. Painchaud, Bruce K. Porritt, Barbara K. Shook, Beverley E. Short, Virginia P. Steinhoff, Joseph M. Szajbely, Heather C. Thomson, Maureen K. Toth, Carlie J. Trueman, Leslie A. Vaughan, Sandra E. Wallrace, Brian M. Westell 1973 MPE Trevor C. Arnold, Neil P. Chester, Serge M. Leveille, Leonard R. Marchant, Winson G. Morrison, Eric A. Roy, James M. Tennant, Ronald A. Thorsen, Sharon W. Urton, Janet M. Zeller 1974 BPE A. B. Abbotts, Brian D. Anderson, Gordon P. Benson, Marlene A. Bordenuik, William E. Chambers, Roberta M. Coghlan, Denise C. Comeau, Wendy D. Cowley, H. D. Cripps, Joanne L. Daly, David R. Dewar, Patricia A. Donahue, William P. Duff, Lee E. Ellis, Julius Fodor, Kim K. Fulton, Cheryl J. Galdert,

February 2, 1946 - Students and alumni hold a meeting and approve the construction of a modern gymnasium and war memorial to honour the 247 UBC students lost in the two world wars. A fundraising campaign begins

1939

1945

1946

UBC Senate approves plans for a Department of Physical Education and program, but outbreak of World War Two halts all plans for academic expansion at UBC

Bob Osborne is appointed as director for a proposed Department of Physical Education

April 4, 1946 - UBC Senate approves the inclusion of a Department of Physical Education in the Faculty of Arts and Science, compulsory physical education courses for first and second year students and a four year BPE degree program beginning in the fall session TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 143

Harley A. Gauthier, David A. Hall, Albert A. Halliwell, John D. Hannah, John R. Hanson, Rick V. Houghton, Dennis G. Hoy, Robert W. Hughes, Joseph Iacobellis, Grant G. Inkster, Karen A. James, Susan M. Jameson, Jerry J. Johnson, John W. Johnson, Wm W. Johnstone, Donald G. Jury, Janice J. Kennedy, Linda C. Kent, Thomas C. Konopski, Louis Kraszlany, Donna E. Kropp, K. E. Lavery, Joan M. Lawson, Janice Lazzarine, Gregory W. Leino, Michael R. Lencoe, Janet K. Letourneau, Eric C. Lillie, Jerome P. Linning, Marlene M. Loader, Wah F. Low, R. R. Matheson, Ronald R. Mattison, S. G. McBride, Sandra K. McLaren, Christina L. McLeod, Geannette M. Miles, Fred P. Mioska, Joseph W. Moreira, Kevin L. Morris, Ronald Myhill-Jones, Sandra L. Norris, Heinz R. Ockler, Maralyn E. Otte, W. Lynn Paterson, Jillian M. Philipchuk, Karin Pinske, Lloyd B. Pinske, Kathleen A. Porter, David G. Rasmus, Philip S. Rathjen, Sandra L. Richardson, Darlene R. Ross, Mike Sabatino, Kerry D. Sawatsky, Donald S. Sawatzky, Michael Sookochoff, Debra S. Taylor, Dennis J. Tetreau, Robert P. Thomas, Susan G. Thomson, Larry M. Tremblay, Victor R. Tyson, Ronald M. Uyeyama, Alan R. Warburton, Ronald A. Warner, James S. Waterhouse, Laura W. Watson, Faye H. Wong, Pamela L. Woods, Laura M. Wright, Dwight H. Zakus, George L. Zarrelli 1974 BRE Heather L. Archer, Martha A. Bossley, Judith E. Burns, Maryanne Cox, Eleanore M. Elton, Susan V. Holmberg, Leslie A. Holtby, Colleen M. Hurson, Cheryl L. Kerby, Colleen M. Koreski, Loris L. Laycock, Heather L. MacLaren, Ross G. McKay, John C. McMurchy, Penny G. Middleditch, Leigh A. Miller, Barbara J. Morris, Michael W. Murray, Cynthia J. Nikolai, Joke M. Schubert, Earl R. Shipmaker, Kenneth G. Smith, Kenneth A. St Arnault, Sharon I. Stapells 1974 MPE Robert C. Dickson 1975 BPE Jody C. Adshead, Ronald D. Alto, Shelley A. Andrews, Robert J. Baker, Fraser G. Ballantyne, Elizabeth A. Baxter, Garry L. Bergquist, Marlene E. Bilesky, Wendy M. Bissky, Stephen Blackett, Stephen Blackett, Lucille M. Blunden, Darrell S. Bohn, Richard A. Bourne, Bruce M. Brill, Luigi Buffone, Donald M. Caird, Charles B. Carignan, Craig J. Chamberlin, Laurel A. Crosby, Marianne Danyluk, Douglas C. Davis, William J. Dickinson, Brian T. Digby, Teresa A. Ennos, Sandra L. Ferguson, Doreen M. Francis, Timothy J. Frick, Catharine V. Goheen, Bruce C. Goldsmid, Alan J. Grotkowski, Eric A. Gustavson, Rick A. Gustavson, Mark R. Hall, W. R. Hare, Warwick B. Harivel, Larry Hoe, Brian B. Holden, Karen L. Hoover, Marinus E. Horsting, Robert B. Irwin, Blake S. Iverson, Victoria A. Jury, Ruth E. Kent, George B. Keys, Cynthia M. King, Russell N. Kitchen, Sandra L. Lamont, Larry A. Landers, Sheilae Landrigan, Brett T. Lawrason, James R. Lawrence, Donald E. Lefler, Frank W. Leong, George H. Light, Frank E. Marlatt, Teresa A. Martin, Catherine J. McClintock, Michael J. McEwan, Gregory J. McGinn, Geramy W. McKay, Janet P. McKinlay, Cheryl M. McPherson, Susan R. McRae, Charles A. McTavish, Jeannette L. Meakins, Karoline R. Michelitsch-Cullen, Kenneth M. Milne, Takashi B. Nakanishi, Wolfgang W. Neufeld, Robert J. Newman, Robert T. Noble, Wendy I. O’Brien, Brian J. Palmer, Glenn A. Payne, David J. Pearcey, Craig N. Peters, George L. Prevost, William L. Rasmussen, Paul J. Richardson, Allen R. Rogers, Cheryl D. Sales, Lynda J. Savage, Diane B. Shepherd, Richard M. Simon, Robert M. Smith, Barbara J. Staton, Heather C. Stockall, Walter J. Sutherland, Kary L. Taylor, Janet E. Terry, Brenda I. Van Tighem, William D. Ward, Raymond H. Webster, Richard S. White, Tom P. Williamson, Paul K. Wong, Jeffrey C. Wren 1975 BRE Vicki L. Addison, Jacqueline L. Allan, Janet C. Anderson, Marlee B. Bowman, Alan Chell, Josephine J. Chuback, Colin M. Cooper, Lois J. Doell, Sharon E. El-Alfy, Katharine Fischer, Bruce T. Fisher, Kerri E. Gregory, Margot A. Hayes, Gerry A. Healey-Ogden, Gordon B. Henderson, Paul S. Henderson, Susan K. Henderson, Kenneth G. Hewlett, David J. Hodgson, Lorraine Hodgson, David J. Hull, Elroy J. Jespersen, Barbara R. Kirkpatrick, Andrew W. Laidlaw, Frank Lanzarotta, Douglas S. Lowe, Laurie J. McArtur, Susan F. McNair, Brent E. Meunier, Patricia J. Patton, Nancy A. Reynolds, C. J. Rowledge, Michael J. Sanderson, Frank P. Sanford, Gregory G. Shutek, Susan Tseng, Andy Verigin, Kathleen M. Waller 1975 MPE David Goodman, James H. Lee, Philippe J. Markon 1976 BPE Arthur R. Abram, Daniela C. Alexy-Ng, Ronald C. Allen, David J. Andruchiw, Irene E. Ardill, Sharon D. Baerg, Paula D. Ballantyne, Kenneth Bartel, Walter R. Becker, David M. Bodnar, John R. Bodnar, Anthony P. Bordignon, Colleen P. Brigden, Victoria T. Brkich, John R. Bruce, John G. Buckler, Brian V. Budd, Brenda C. Burroughs, John Byl, John S. Callaghan, James B. Campbell, Kevin B. Carswell, Jane I. Chabot, Raymond G. Chan, Mark A. Clarke, Bryan C. Coles, Veronica A. Collins, Lorne D. Cope, Ernest J. Corlett, Heather D. Cullen, Patricia J. Cumming, Paul W. Cumming, Lynn S. Davies, Antonio De Luca, Elizabeth R. De Luca, Douglas Dunwoody, Douglas W. Dunwoody, William A. Ennos, Wendy Evans, Michael D. Fenn, Mary A. Finch, Karen I. Fisk, Daniel C. Foster, Joseph R. Googel, Deborah A. Gordon, Douglas E. Gordon, Gary I. Gordon, Melanie S. Grieve, Deborah A. Harstone, Lynne V. Hastings, Barbara S. Hatton, Richard G. Heenan, Warren A. Hicks, John K. Hill, Ron J. Hurley, Karen L. Johnson Puckett, Timothy C. Jones, Brenda J. Kenyon, Lesley A. Ker, Brian C. Kerr, Kim R. Koehn, Martin Krafczyk, Elizabeth A. Laidman, JoAnne Loader, Allen J. Loewen, Barbara L. Lum, Ronald G. Lyman, Robert D. MacKenzie, Debora Martin, Mary A. Martin, Walter O. Martindale, David J. Matheson, Bruce A. Mathie, Michael O. McAteer, Brian W. McGill, Cathy A. McLean, Penelope J. Morgan, Helen K. Murray, Dianne B. Neufeld, Brenda Nicolls, Penelope Noble, Leslie A. Paul, Arnold Pederson, Geraldine M. Phillips, Harry W. Plotnikoff, Heather L. Powell, David J. Reid, James D. Reid, George M. Richey, Gordon M. Ridgewell, Larry W. Roy, Dennis A. Scheer, Ross M. Shannon, G. B. Shoemaker, Deretta Smith, Michael J. Snow, Timo A. Somero, Nancy J. Spooner, Brenda E. Staffanson, Donna M. Staller, Joseph Stephenson, Debra A. Sutherland, Sandra L. Swift, Ralph J. Switch, Marsha Thompson, D. Laurel Watson, Marilyn D. Wiles, Glenna Wong, Terence M. Wood, Nell L. Wrotniak, Ralph J. Wrotniak, Gordon F. Yolland 1976 BRE Bruce F. Andrew, Stanley W. Batt, Deborah M. Christen, Deborah A. Clyne, Percy F. Cox, Evelyn M. Curtis, Carolyn Davis, Charlotte B. De Heinrich C, Joseph H. Fouchard, Bill W. France, Melville D. Gallpen, Barbara J. Johnson, Brian R. Johnson, Kerry R. Johnson, Lindy-Rae Leclair, Patricia E. Loverock, Frances E. Mahony, Valerie E. Malcolm, Colin J. Mangan, Diana S. Manson, Gail A. Miller, Mervyn L. Mosher, Madeline J. Parker, Calvin G. Pawson, Roger G. Phillips, Marvin R. Pickering, Heather J. Robertson, Debbie A. Savitsky, B. J. Van Norman, Christopher R. Walden, J. R. Warren, Kathryn L. Willcock, Ann A. Wilson 1976 EdD Edmund A. Hunt 1976 MPE Patricia M. Berry, Sandra J. Hartley, Robert J. Jickling, Eiji Kitagawa, Gordon R. Mackenzie, Louise M. McLaughlin, Daniel R. Miscisco 1977 BPE Janet Alexander, Barry S. Allan, Beryl I. Allan, Truls Asdal, Philip W. Ballard, Douglas J. Barker, James W. Best, John M. Billingsley, Ronald W. Bisaro, Dale E. Bonin, Robert H. Bourne, Jack A. Bowman, Joan A. Boxall, Sherry L. Bradley, Jack L. Breeden, W. J. Burnham, Thomas J. Burns, Glenn R. Caputo, John D. Carswell, Carole Casey, Patricia M. Corbett, William J. Cousineau, Lori L. Davidson, Robert W. Dunlop, Wesley D. Durksen, Tor-Erik Enochsen, Vincent S. Everett, Jane L. Fernyhough, Barry D. Floberg, Wendy L. Foster, Alan C. Gandy, Judith P. Gerein, Angelika Gerry, Stan Gidora, Daniel W. Green, Patricia M. Griffin, Judith L. Grychowski, Gayle E. Guest, Margret Hammer, Cheryl E. Howard, Irene M. Howard, Daniel A. Howe, Paul M. Hughes, Larry A. Keraiff, Donna G. Kirk, Donna L. Knox, Josephine L. Krehel, Susan H. Kurkiniemi, Peter J. Lang, Andrew C. Leathwood, Jadine J. Leclaire, Brian H. Loader, Robert B. Long, Jeff Ludlow, Brian S. MacAdam, Jose B. Machial, Barry MacIntyre, Douglas S. MacLean, Michael D. MacLeod, Victor A. Martens, Sharon E. Matthews, Dorothy J. McDonald, Wendy N. McFarland, David A. McGinn, Shaun T. McGuinness, Sally R. McQuade-Kudaba, Marilyn J. Miles, Cecil L. Morton, Joseph F. Murphy, James B. Murray, Douglas R. Newstead, Michael T. Nicholls, Phyllis A. Nickerson, Norman C. Park, Geraldine A. Paterson, William M. Patterson, Diane E. Pelling, Yves Perron, Mario Pouliot, G. W. Prentice, Robert K. Raymond, Michael A. Richey, Marc R. Rizzardo, Vivian R. Robinson, Donald P. Rochon, D. N. Russell, Louise M. Savard, Susan Schultz, Terry D. Schultz, E. L. Shaffer, Louise A. Sourisseau, T. D. Sparks, Leonard G. Stone, William J. Sutherland, Elizabeth M. Taylor, Terry S. Thomas, Donald A. Thomson, Peter Titchener, David J. Trueman, Michael L. Walsh, Jo Ann E. Ward, J. S. Weir, J. Preston Wiley, Robert E. Willcox, Richard C. Woodman, Michael J. Zarzycki, Louisa W. Zerbe, Roy M. Zuyderduyn 1977 BRE Deborah A. Barton, Larry R. Bobyk, Paula L. Boer, Cheryl P. Bray, Susan R. Chess, Nora F. Clarke, Gregory A. Cline, Nancy J. Cuddeford, James M. D’Alfonso, Katherine J. Dunster, Patricia A. Gardiner, Sharon E. Giesbrecht, David P. Gradley, Anne M. Luedey, Cheryl M. McDermid, David R. McKenzie, Susan N. Murgatroyd, John P. Peloquin, Cathie J. Sabiston, Nancy E. Sly, Christopher R. Spicer, Philip S. Stewart, Marian J. Tamkin, Ronald G. Taylor, S. M. Unwin, Marion P. Wahl 1977 MPE Wallace J. Borchardt, Christopher Cooke, Albert A. Halliwell, Joseph Iacobellis, Anne L. Mason, Terry L. Robertson, Terry D. Schultz, Derek A. Swain, Gregory C. Thomas, Norman H. Vickery 1978 BPE Bruce C. Allen, Alfredo Amado, Joseph J. Austin, Thomas J. Barichello, F. E. Barrie, David A. Battistoni, David P. Baydala, James W. Bennest, Alan Blyth, Kenneth R. Bowman, Ross H. Bowman, R. W. Bridger, Kenneth J. Campbell, Sandy J. Campbell, Lynda J. Cannell, Janice M. Carrat, Brenda A. Catherall, Darrell B. Cavanagh, Bing K. Chew, Kevin Y. Chin, K. V. Cocke, Richard Cook, Daphne B. Covernton, Gary A. Cumiford, Richard D. Cuttell, Don Davies, Brian J. De Biasio, Craig Delahunt, Ginny Dennehy, Norman L. Deverney, Roger D. Duncan, Martin Endacott, Gary M. Epp, Eileen Finnegan, John D. Fischer, Robert M. Florko, Robert J. Forbes, Mark A. Freeland, O. R. Funk, Diane M. Gagnon, Peter H. Galdert, Margaret G. Gallagher, James E. Gatzke, V. C. Gauthier, Marc E. Gessaroli, Phil Grimmett, Robert D. Gronotte, Margaret L. Hagen, Cynthia G. Harris, James P. Hayward, Randy A. Heighton, Douglas E. Hickey, Garry Hirayama, Kathryn Hobbs, Barry H. Innes, Jack A. Isenor, Masamichi Iwamoto, Lowell E. Jackie, Julia A. Jerome, Shelley I. Kegele, Brian T. Kimoto, Steve Kisic, Ronald J. Krell, Ken Krohman, John G. Kurulak, Robert Lang, Patrick Q. Lee, Gale A. Leong, Tim W. Loewen, Cheryl S. Louie, David M. Lowe, Owen P. Lubin, James N. Lust, Patrick A. MacDonald, William A. MacDonald, Wendy J. MacKenzie, Betty A. March, David P. Markowski, Donna L. Matheson, Norman D. McDonald, Robert S. McKeown, Wendy A. McKinnon, Jim B. McMillan, Mark N. McQueen, Gregory F. Milner, Elspeth A. Morelli, Karen E. Morley, Margot A. Moyle, Peter W. Moyls, Diane H. Murphy, David R. Nebor, Nicholas Nedeljkovic, John Nelson, Walter B. Novak, Christopher G. Pagan, Ian L. Paton, Patricia A. Peabody, Gordon M. Penn, Kevin W. Pennock, Johanna C. Peters, Stephen B. Pettifer, Robert J. Richardson, Sheila L. Roote, Marianne C. Rushton, Robin J. Russell, Daniel J. Schofield, Barry G. Schultz, Gary N. Semchuk, Donna J. Shannon,

1949

1951

1952

May 1949 - 38 UBC students become the first recipients of the degree of Bachelor of Physical Education

February 23, 1951 - At a cost of $750,000, 3000-seat War Memorial Gym opens with UBC Thunderbirds playing a basketball game against Eastern Washington followed by a student "sock dance"

The Department of Physical Education becomes the School of Physical Education, and assumes greater autonomy over its operations and planning

144 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Mark A. Shorter, S. J. Simonetta, H. A. Smith, John D. Sotnyk, Georges E. Sourisseau, Rita Sowden, Wendy J. Sperling, Geoffrey M. Stancombe, Lea S. Sutherland, Megan D. Swail, Sheila M. Swinton, Stephanie J. Templeton, Laurie A. Thain, Monica J. Thain, Georgia Thorburn, Pete Tuddenham, Judy M. Tuemmler, John D. Turecki, Harry A. Van Kuyk, Paul M. Waring, Jo-Ann E. Watson, Sophia V. White, James R. Wilkinson, Laurie-Lee Williams, Gloria E. Wright, Peter G. Xhignesse 1978 BRE Rick C. Anderson, Candy L. Anfield, Tanyss J. Annable, Laurie E. Baird, Terri M. Beck, Frances G. Boyd, Patricia A. Campbell, Andrea Chodedany, Brian R. Cousineau, Michael D. Cullen, Janet L. Enns, Debra J. Fairbanks, Dave J. Fraser, Elizabeth J. Fuller, Debra L. Hagman, Robert S. Harrison, Vicki F. Jaffe, Maria-Lynn Johnson, Bennie Jung, Margaret E. Kerr, Ronald J. Klizs, Catherine Landers, Gregory R. Lyon, B. J. Manning, Jill A. Mazurek, Marvin McClelland, Gail E. McGee Horton, Dorothy A. Meiklejohn, Carol E. Mothersill, Richard P. Needham, Booth R. Palmer, Debra C. Palmer, Patricia L. Peerless, Paul A. Pershick, Marilyn J. Richey, Carol A. Susak, Katherine A. Town, Leslie White 1978 MPE Robert J. Baker, Bruce C. Goldsmid, F John A. Hawkins, Maureen I. Leech, Karoline R. Michelitsch-Cullen, E M. Stafford 1979 BPE Lesley D. Alexander, Brian R. Bartlett, John C. Bennet, Surinder Brar, Raymond H. Brendzy, William F. Brown, Nancy A. Bruce, Joanne Calverley, Darcy L. Campbell, Allister Cave, Rick Cole, Catherine L. Coons, Bob D. Corbett, David Creighton, Frank Cseke, Kenneth W. Dahl, Phyllis Daly, Carmen A. Davis, Brent A. Davy, Myron T. Dawydiak, Enzo De Laurentiis, Anita J. Dorner, Pamela I. Dudas, Holly Eburne, Bernadine J. Elliott, Richard Faoro, Jack C. Fennell, I. B. Filsinger, Robert D. Fleming, Robin A. Fleming, Heather N. Forbes, Joy Fraser, Marjorie J. Fraser, Deborah L. Gares, F. W. Gilbert, Robert J. Gold, Frank W. Gorringe, Susan B. Grace, Robert W. Grange, Leslie A. Grundy, Andrew P. Haigh, David K. Harrison, John S. Harrison, Bonny L. Hartney, David D. Heiberg, Arne Hetherington, Timothy T. Hirose, Thomas C. Houston, Sheila L. Howard, Barbara J. Ingle, Timothy W. Ireland, Dorothy J. Jantzen, Andrew D. Johnston, Marianne M. Johnston, Glenn A. Kishi, Kathy A. Klassen, Walfried E. Klassen, Henry Kurbel, Gregory D. Laing, Duncan R. Lambier, Paul M. Lamoureux, Paul R. Langton, Glen J. Lapthorne, Helios Lasheras, Brian R. Laviolette, David E. Lee, Rene P. Leveque, Calvin R. Lindberg, Gary D. Loader, Lenka Lobkowicz, William R. Lusted, Bruce J. Luznar, Trudy C. Lyons, Rhoda M. MacCormick, Patricia A. Macintosh, Gianni F. Maddalozzo, David L. Mann, Pietro G. Martin, Marina L. McCready, Gregory McDaniel, Kenneth A. McDonald, Eileen P. McGee, Charles C. McGill, Brian McGregor, Paige E. McKay, Louise H. McQuaid, John C. Miller, Victoria L. Milner, Michael H. Moewes, Nancy V. Moore, Alan G. Morrow, Judith Narduzzi, Susan P. Neufeld, Cynthia M. Ogasawara, Janet L. Palmer, Douglas A. Palylyk, Danny N. Peck, Murray L. Phillips, Janet L. Pontifex, Douglas J. Querns, Larry A. Reid, Judy C. Richardson, Laurie L. Schultz, Patricia A. Schulze, Ellen J. Schween, Phyllis A. Senay, Russell G. Sharock, Cheryl J. Sheardown, Terry I. Shykora, Patrick S. Sinke, William B. Sluis, Colleen M. Smart, George R. Sojka, Robert A. Stagg, Jennifer P. Stanger, Martin G. Stein, James C. Stuart, Russel J. Summers, Adrienne Szasz, Jeffrey G. Temple, Keith W. Tindle, Brenda J. Tuck, Graham D. Underhill, Rick K. Urquhart, Diana J. Van Beest, Robin H. Voigt, Kim M. Voisin, Ted Voykin, Mark L. Wald, Glen Walters, Cynthia A. Watt, Elaine E. Watts, Brenda J. Wedel, Thomas E. Wilson, John C. Wong, Doris Zurcher 1979 BRE Judy J. Andersen, Jill E. Brand, Lesley S. Cole, Catherine L. Crough, Cathie A. Cruise, Phillipa J. Emery, Bradley L. Fox, Pat C. Green, Richard N. Jones, Joy E. Karney, Darrell K. Le Moel, Sharon S. Malchuk, Heather A. McRae, Claire M. Naylor, Sharon A. Nevison, David M. Sasyniuk, G. S. Schober, Lynda M. Shaw, Richard J. Sloan, Sherilyn L. Smart, Antonina J. Smith, Valerie A. Sullivan, Greg A. Ward, Elizabeth A. Wilson 1979 MPE Leonne M. Beebe, Craig J. Chamberlin, Diana L. Kidd, William A. Morrish, Keith W. Russell, Terence M. Wood 1980 BPE Eleanor C. Amundsen, J. Clint Andersen, Dianne L. Anderson, Grant W. Apostoliuk, Dave W. Aquino, Susan C. Archibald, Robert J. Arnold, Karen J. Banfield, Christopher J. Barlow, Greg R. Barnes, Bernice E. Batchelor, Cynthia F. Battison, Heather A. Beddice, Wendy A. Bishop, Christine G. Bradstock, Manfred E. Bublitz, Debbie E. Burchill, Patrick H. Burden, Steven M. Campbell, Murray G. Chalmers, Tom Chow, Sandra L. Clarke, Barbara G. Cline, Anne M. Cook, Valerie A. Coopersmith, Jane E. Cumiford, Raymond Y. Dear, Janet M. Dennis, G. B. Digby, Audrey E. Dove, Brian G. Dunster, Andrea M. Falk, Josef G. Frank, Keith R. Fraser, Shelley E. Fritz, Patrick W. Gerrie, Patricia A. Giesinger, Lynda D. Gregson, Douglas W. Guttridge, Walter Haberl, Stuart E. Hall, Albert J. Hardington, Debra Hardington, John R. Harrison, Sheila J. Harrison, Susan M. Harrop, Mark A. Hartmann, Randall A. Herd, Gary K. Hirose, Robin E. Hood, Joe L. Jamison, Collin R. Jang, Julie A. Jeanneau, Pamela M. Johnson, Heather A. Johnston, Susan E. Kainer, Lindsey A. Karpluk, Brenda A. Kelly, Frances J. Kinder, Marcel J. Labelle, Jillian Laidlaw, Peter K. Lam, Pierre A. Lemieux, Susan J. Lidster, Donald W. Liebermann, Randy C. Loor, Robert A. Louden, Linda J. Lovell, Chris Lovett-Doust, Margaret J. MacCarthy, Ian D. MacWilliams, Shelley A. Mason, Raymond E. Matthews, Joe Mauro, Terry D. Mazzei, Gail E. McAuliffe, Shannon N. McCreight, Ted G. McKay, Brian L. McKinnon, Christina J. McNeil, Rudolf R. Metzger, Deane Miller, Diane M. Mitchell, Tracy E. Mitchell, Wendy J. Mortson, Kathy M. Murdoch, Michael G. Murphy, Maryanne L. Mussell, Gerry J. Naito, Ricky Ng, Daniel D. Noble, Douglas R. Noftall, Diana L. Nygaard, Beverley J. Oakley, Kathy O’Sullivan, Pamela B. Pedlow, Carl W. Petersen, K. F. Pickering, Douglas R. Quinville, Rhoda Reedman, Yvonne Reimer, Jennifer A. Reynolds, Martin P. Rose, Peter D. Ruocco, Kathryn C. Shields, Barbara J. Sihota, Jarnail J. Sihota, R. C. Smith, Sharon A. Staples, Grant B. Stewart, David J. Symons, Michael B. Tait, Sherri R. Usselman, Peter D. Walker, Verona Walker, Janet Walsh, Robert N. Walter, Tim D. Williams, James B. Wilson, Richard J. Wilson, Patricia A. Work, Philip Zaharik 1980 BRE Katharine L. Denney, Michael J. Dieno, Susan L. Ewart, Evelyn Fairbrother, Paul D. Fortier, Raydene F. Good-May, Robert Harris, Shannon A. Harvey, Denise E. Holowatiuk, Vernon R. Jacques, Linda Janzen, Pamela V. Leaney, Andrea R. Leskard, Richard M. Lubyk, Deborah A. MacIntosh, Gregory E. Meredith, Catherine A. Michaluk, John C. Morrison, Julia A. Oulton, Victor Smith, David L. Speed, Dave F. Vallee, Paula L. Vollrath, Joan E. Webster, Sherri L. Weppler, Erica L. Westly, Alan L. Williams, Jeannie Yee 1980 MPE David M. Bodnar, Robin V. Carr, Mark A. Clarke, Michael D. MacLeod, David W. Thomas, J. Preston Wiley, Gail E. Wilson 1981 BPE William O. Anglin, Jason R. Auman, Deborah L. Bamford, Harry A. Baum, Kelly N. Bigiolli, Julie S. Bowman, Kim L. Brand, Arlynn R. Brodie, Bob Browne, Marianne R. Bunko, Ann L. Campbell, Daniel G. Campbell, Michael J. Canic, Keith P. Cavanagh, Thomas D. Caverly, Rajinder S. Chhina, James S. Copp, Cynthia D. Cranswick, Cindy J. Culbert, Darcey L. Dalzell-Wood, Maryanne L. Donen, Cheryl C. Elderton, Susan E. Enns, Susan C. Filek, Garth A. Findlay, Margaret A. Flynn, Julie A. Forster, Murray J. Fraser, Jacquelyn E. Frehlick, Nancie R. Fricker, Yves L. Fricot, Jim O. Grigg, Joyce Gunderson, Larry A. Harbord, Kim Y. Hirst, Harold W. Hogaboam, Douglas L. Johnston, Robert A. Jones, Joe Karmel, Michael A. Kern, Barbara D. Klettke, Elizabeth B. Koersen, Katherine L. Kovalcik, Sant Kular, Christopher C. Lee, Brenda J. Linley, Janet M. Lonergan, Donna K. Loss, Ingrid E. Lucke, Georgina L. MacDonald, Donna M. Mackenzie, R. J. Marples, David R. Martin, Ronald D. McArthur, Mark G. McDaniel, Catherine E. McLean, Graham C. McNeil, Nancy G. McNeil, Dale R. Miller, Wendy L. Mitchell, John J. Mitchner, Melissa J. Mortifee, Peggy Neal, Karin A. Nielsen, Douglas A. Ondrik, Eric Paraskake, Lorraine D. Passchier, Ronald W. Paterson, Lavonne M. Patterson, Carol A. Pedlar, Zahir P. Pirani, Kenneth D. Pound, Peter Rehor, Andrew J. Richards, James K. Ripley, William S. Rizun, Glenn D. Rogers, Ross Sakai, Katherine S. Samson, Arnold P. Scheck, Leslie F. Severson, Stephen M. Sjoberg, Brad M. Slawsky, Bruce Smith, Gregory H. Smith, John S. Stark, Paula A. Stockdale, Teresa A. Stuart, Kerry R. Taylor, Alvaro J. Tome, Lee J. Toppings, Joel D. Tremblay, Robert M. Tsang, Erik A. Voute, Cynthia L. Walker, Thomas Wilkinson, Wayne E. Yeasting 1981 BRE Nancy E. Alexander, Pamela J. Andrews, Fay L. Baker, Lysle F. Barmby, Douglas R. Beard, Jerry Blair, Gail H. Bryn-Jones, Catherine A. Coates, Walter G. Conibear, Michel R. DesLauriers, Calvin J. Desmarais, Julie A. Desmarais, Daniel J. Egan, Sylvia Fekete, Brian C. Fry, Gregory E. Kalyniuk, David J. Kaye, Andrea M. Kwaitkowsky, Robyn L. Leslie, Robyn M. Macey, Nancy E. McMillan, Mary E. Peter, Janice L. Quinn, Kenneth H. Radford, Nancy B. Reed, Katharine J. Reid, R. D. Thomas, Terry A. Walton 1981 MPE Douglas W. Dunwoody, Marc E. Gessaroli, James P. Mitchell, Peter W. Moyls, Katherine S. Parent, Marc R. Rizzardo, Allen R. Rogers, Susan Schultz 1982 BPE Wendy Appleton, Kerry Armstrong, Terri E. Baker, Cindy V. Baldwin, Jennifer A. Ballou, Murray S. Bamford, Glen E. Barker, Carolyn G. Bartel, Corin J. Beauregard, Raji Biln, Patricia L. Blake, Patricia M. Brock, Alexandra J. Brown, Neil T. Brown, Drew M. Buis, Donna Carroll, Heather A. Chow, Catherine E. Clarke, Candace L. Clouthier, Carol G. Collins, Randy B. Coutts, Lynn E. Crawford, Randall C. Davis, Kevin A. De Boice, Patricia A. Delong, Nancy L. Derpak, Reinhold E. Dusdal, Kevin B. Frankham, Norman Garcia, Patricio Gonzalez, Byron Green, Sandra L. Hansen, Sabine A. Howe, Lillian I. Hoy, Andrew J. Hunt, Linda L. Hydamaka, Russell Ishii, Bruce T. Jackson, Dick Jung, Norman V. King, Burt R. Kirby, Paul G. Kocher, Darcy J. Leung, Robert N. Lindsay, Duncan J. Loutit, April L. Lowe, Allan C. MacDonald, Linda MacDonald, Kenneth R. Marshall, Debbie Martin, John J. McKerrow, Christine V. Meroniuk, Donald G. Moen, David A. O’Brien, Meryl C. Ogden, Robert G. Parenteau, Monica J. Rafuse, Amanda C. Recknell, Beverly A. Reid, Douglas W. Ridenour, Valerie P. Ross, Alfonzo N. Rossi, Barb E. Sandor, Ruth I. Schmalz, Rodger A. Schoeber, Sharon L. Schultz, Kevin L. Seburn, Sally A. Sherwood, Luanne M. Shyba, H. S. Smith, Sarah J. Stanger, Jeanine C. Stedman, Richard K. Toda, Tony Varga, James D. Vest, Colleen M. Vukadinovic, Thomas G. Walker, Neil H. Wear, Wendy A. Westermark, Shawn E. White, Garry S. Wong, Timothy S. Yule 1982 BRE Darcy L. Alexander, Theresa M. Beaulieu, Mark E. Bell, Ann E. Burns, Sylvia C. Chee, Corinne A. Colangeli, Debra J. Davis, James B. Eso, Judy B. Froelich, Donna L. Goodwin, Joanne T. Green, Carol Harling-Bleeks, Lucas E. Hille, David R. Ince, Michael R. Jones, Wendy E. Kwan, Patricia A. Long, Carol A. Losch, Joyce M. MacKenzie, Catherine A. Matheson, Irena M. McDonald, Anna McIntosh, John C. Miller, Jayne E. Nielsen, Ellis G. Orli, Jacqueline Rogers, Ruth P. Shymka, Ronald J. Stedman, Nini A. Taylor, Jane Walton, Linda Watkinson, Fiona M. Welch 1982 MPE Lesley D. Alexander, Lynda J. Cannell, Leonard S. Goodman, Leslie A. Grundy,

1959

1961

1963

The first Master’s of Physical Education (MPE) degree awarded to Bob Morford

May Brown becomes the first woman to receive MPE degree

The school moves to the Faculty of Education

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 145

William E. Hearst, Wade S. Parkhouse, Geraldine A. Paterson, Moshe Sasson 1983 BPE Odette K. Adrian, Dianne L. Aikman, Arleigh R. Alexander, James B. Allison, Ruth E. Andermatt, Scott R. Apostoliuk, Julie P. Beugelink, James R. Boyle, Vickie A. Bryan, Cathy A. Bultitude, Bruce I. Campbell, Carolyn A. Carter, Kim K. Cassar-Torreggiani, James B. Clarke, Frances J. Cook, Rita N. Corea, Denise S. Coutts, Chad E. Craigen, Charles C. Curtis, Emil Doricic, John W. Doughty, Terri M. Drain, Mhairi P. Dunnett, Vern E. Eberlein, Thad R. Elder, Susan M. Esau, Kelly D. Fennell, Jean E. Forrest, William J. Gamble, Bruce A. Ganie, Bryn T. Gardener-Evans, Patricia A. George-Dickson, Brian W. Gobbett, Audrey C. Hall, Tracey Hallam, D L. Hashimoto, Wendy L. Hawthorne, J. R. Heney, Lori D. Hickerty, David T. Hobbs, Susan D. Holloway, Mary F. Hudson, Russell N. Iwanson, Richard L. Jackson, Robert G. Jai, Victor F. Jensen, Karim R. Jiwani, Tamara L. Jobke, Eric R. Jones, Duncan E. Kay, Katherine E. Knappett, Stan Kooistra, Sherman Kwok, Joe F. Labermeyer, Shelley L. Ledingham, Dianne Macdonald, Roberta L. MacDonald, Ian D. Mackenzie, Colleen Malli, Robert S. Marks, Olivia A. Martens, Kenneth K. Matson, Gayle McCurdy, Heather A. McDonald, Joanne E. McKinney, Sandra L. McLuckie, Duncan Minty, Terrie A. Moore, Timothy N. Mossman, Eric H. Nelson, Ross J. Ohashi, David J. Parker, Zoran Popazivanov, James E. Potts, Bernard M. Pyde, Cindy L. Sanford, Monika Sanft, David S. Sidoo, Trish D. Silvester-Lee, Catherine Stewart, Robert A. Strang, Mark Y. Tasaka, Andrea E. Teschner, Anne G. Thicke, Kathleen S. Thompson, Holly E. Turner, Daniel T. Watts, Elizabeth A. West, Bradley J. White, Milton C. Williams 1983 BRE Birgitta Cameron, Elizabeth J. Campbell, Ross K. Cheng, Richard W. Crone, Barry J. Danderfer, Catherine D. Douglas, Frank P. Gabiniewicz, Janet E. Gamage, Stephen Giltrow, Jennifer M. Hameluck, Nanette V. Harvey, Carolyn F. Innes, Valerie J. Irwin, Charles L. Jensen, Raymond S. Jung, Ron Lanzarotta, Terry M. Lavery, Marguerite C. Leahy, Derrick R. Lim, Mira J. Malatestinic, Ronald A. McColl, Sandra L. Nazarchuk, Marne L. Pedersen, George Quon, Karen Read, Catherine R. Rennie, Catherine I. Sauder, Irene L. Sevcik, Michelle L. Smith, Cynthia D. Stewart, Brian I. Swartz, Donna E. Vines, Sandra Vishloff, Brenda A. Witt 1983 MPE Michael J. Canic, Richard L. Carton, Alison M. Dewar, James H. Dolmage, Jane L. Fernyhough, Walter O. Martindale, Michael L. Walsh, Diane L. Weicker, Dwight H. Zakus, Louisa W. Zerbe 1984 BPE Ross J. Allan, Julie L. Barrett, Keray J. Benoit, Carey D. Bleay, Margaret L. Bocking, Paul N. Bodnarchuk, Anne L. Boulding, Peter E. Briker, Kersten K. Brisch, Anne K. Brumwell, Claudia J. Bryden, Naomi J. Buckingham, Guy J. Buglioni, Dianne Carr, Wade F. Carson, Joseph Cheung, Heather E. Claridge, Shelley L. Davies, Kim D. Eagle, Gordon B. Edwards, Jill S. Elliott, Christopher L. Evans, David E. Fales, Deborah E. Forsyth, Fredrick P. Gook, Lisa N. Gould, Susan E. Hingson, Allen M. Hull, Gary M. Innis, Carmyn R. James, Cynthia M. Jepson, Larry K. Johannesen, Rob B. Johnson, Catherine A. Johnston, Seona K. Johnston, Deborah A. Jones, Thomas M. Kafer, Alisa Kage, Russell M. Kang, Stanley M. Kato, Kevin Kendall, Barbara A. Kroeker, Katy Lane, D. P. Larson, Alan M. Limbert, Lisa C. Lundell, Gregor N. MacDonald, David A. MacLean, Grant H. Magusin, Eliner W. Maxwell-Smith, Anita McDonnell, Leonard F. McIver, Cheryl L. McNeilly, Alexander Munro, Ronald F. Mutch, Shirley A. Nilsson, Alison G. Palmer, Chris M. Palmer, Peter J. Pershick, Douglas W. Pirozek, Patti J. Preston, Gary B. Proznick, Jeanette Proznick, Kathleen L. Reeves, Stephen K. Ridenour, Dale S. Robertson, Stephen W. Rowell, Diane Russell, Reisa Schwartzman, Allan N. Sigurdson, K. C. Smith, Heather C. Stanton, Jean-Ann E. Stene, Sandy A. Tanaka, Warren F. Terry, Paul D. Thiessen, Linda A. Thomas, George S. Tylor, David A. Van Driesum, Dan V. Vanos, Debbie C. Wilson, Lani J. Wong Sommerville 1984 BRE Kathy Campbell, Stacie D. Claxton, Jacqueline B. Conway, Kathleen J. de Roon, Darilyn J. Dennis, Brent N. Gray, Gordon W. Gray, Lynda K. Griffin, Louise A. Hutchinson, Brian J. Kennedy, Ruth A. Kennedy, Patrick J. McEvoy, Michael J. Melnyk, Dianne R. Sawicki, Andre P. Smith, Hana Suska, Dree E. Thomson-Diamond, Lana Wong 1984 MPE Loreen M. Barnett, Rose E. Brown, Glenn C. MacRae, Marina L. McCready, Murray F. Mitchell, Peter Rehor, Ian M. Rowe, Anne M. Stevens 1985 BPE Gregory S. Anderson, Tom P. Armitage, Marc A. Barre, Deborah A. Becker, Heather M. Benson, Michael B. Blondal, Kathleen B. Bohn, Colleen A. Brow, Catherleen Burnell, Marion G. Craig, Carolyn J. Crockett, Faye M. Del Debbio, Glenn Docherty, Michael J. Emery, Harvey Eng, Peter D. Evans, John T. Faa, Richard W. Fletcher, Brian G. Floyd, Despina D. Frangolias, Christopher R. Frehlick, Terence J. Frenette, Donna A. Funk, Sylvia A. Gajdics, David J. Griffiths, Donald D. Grossman, Steve G. Grout, Debra Hawboldt, Michael R. Hawkins, Jennifer A. Hewlett, Lisa G. Holland, Kelly P. Hoy, Franco B. Iuele, Jack J. Karamanian, Krista S. Kennedy, Rose C. Kishi, Gregory R. Kitchen, Cliff N. Kryzanowski, Carrie J. Lockwood, Darren M. Lum, Jennifer B. MacTavish, Karen Madeiros, Wing K. Mark, Karen L. Masee, Jennifer N. Mathison, Colleen D. McCarthy, Nada A. Minunzi, Johnny R. Misley, Steven L. Myerthall, Brian L. Nemethy, Catherine A. Newman, Bob G. Nielsen, Evelyn K. O’Connor, Roxanne S. O’Krane, Marlene M. O’Shaughnessy, Karen E. Panz, Ronald G. Pate, Gregory B. Pelling, Jacqueline M. Pipe, Timothy W. Pley, Dale R. Popp, Charles R. Powell, Douglas E. Radies, Bruce D. Rainer, Nicoletta E. Ricci, Trudy L. Roberts, Joan T. Roder, Michal Safek, Harold Schamart, Doug A. Sherrett, Dana A. Sinclair, Glenn D. Slade, Sharon P. Smith, Leslie R. Smitherman, Donald M. Steen, Claudia Sternig, G. B. Stickland, Errol A. Thompson, Patrick S. Turner, Marisa E. Twaites, Adelaine H. Uchida, Clark S. Vandermye, Michelle S. Voros, Donald M. Walser, Gayle E. Weyell, Janet M. Whitehead, Deborah L. Wilcock 1985 BRE Teena Abma, Anne Archambault, Leslie M. Beleski, Cynthia P. Branch, Elaine J. Brownlie, Elizabeth E. Cho, Debra E. Cohen, Marc R. Emard, Vicki L. Haberl, Tannis V. Harrison, Sharon A. Jeffers, Joel H. Johnson, Lindsay E. Joyce, Eda L. Kadar, Tracy A. Kerr, Karen Kry, Janice M. Murphy, Georgia A. Nijjar, C. T. Peries, Corrine L. Tovell, Susan J. Vermeulen 1985 EdD Harry F. Lendvoy 1985 MPE Donna A. Baydock, Hartmut W. Fink, Patricia A. George-Dickson, Jennifer M. Gore, Andrew P. Haigh, Arne Hetherington, Linda L. Hydamaka, Bryna L. Kopelow, Grace A. Kuzara, Patrick Q. Lee, Bruce A. Lord, A. Mavrogiannis, R. S. McLean, Richard M. Ornar, James E. Potts, Lynne L. Sawchuk, Susan C. Wong 1986 BPE Jeffrey D. Abbott, Mark S. Allen, Lorenzo Arcari, Kevin J. Argue, Margaret J. Argue, Glenda L. Arnott, Karin M. Baron, Kathryn A. Barr, Gregg N. Beach, Rhonda L. Beach, Carolyn J. Bentley, Kim L. Bercovitz, Renzo P. Berra, Thomas A. Brickenden, Craig C. Brumwell, Sandra J. Bruun, John P. Buckley, Linda D. Burkart, Karen K. Byram, Holly M. Calvin, Mary L. Charlebois, Janis W. Chartrand, Tami L. Crawley, David C. Currier, Robert B. Davidson, Brent J. DeNat, Laurent M. DesLauriers, Kathryn J. Dickson, Terry Q. Dortman, Delia D. Douglas, Gina M. Duarte, Philip M. Field, Martina Froidevaux, Stephen R. Gatensbury, Jean E. Gentile, Francine Giacomazza, Kevin W. Godden, Lorraine P. Grande, Susan J. Grimm, Richard M. Hansen, Albert E. Hewlett, Keith R. Howlett, Lawrence I. Hurst, Mona K. Jamen, Anthony L. Johnson, Deanna J. Jones, Barb Kaelin-Spoerri, S. L. Kelly, Graham D. Kerr, Patti J. Kilback, Karen A. Kirby, Antoinette J. Klawer, Maureen A. Kobayashi, George B. Koszegi, Merrill A. Lalonde, Jane R. Lovell, Margaret Lum, Heather M. Macdonald, Scott McComb, Richard A. McDonald, Leslie A. McLeod, Taimi K. McMillan, Leonard F. Mcnamara, J. M. McNeill, Colin P. McTaggart, Nonie E. Medcalf, Shelley L. Morgan, Kara L. Moroz, Patricia M. Nicholson, Faith J. Nickel, Casey D. O’Neill, David P. Overgaard, Shawn M. Pedersen, Gerald R. Prem, Diane Rakiecki, Michael C. Reid, Lynn M. Ros, Robert F. Ros, Ronda G. Salli, Manjinder S. Sarowa, Bonita J. Sawatzky, Brian P. Scarr, Carlo M. Sferra, Dayna L. Smart, Melody J. Smeaton, Geoffrey H. Smith, Margot R. St Jean, David A. Stadnyk, Sonya L. Stanley, Kerry C. Steele, Luciano A. Stella, James I. Stewart, Harriet C. Stuart, Mary E. Tatham, Roxanne H. Tessler, Pamela K. Thompson, Jen A. Thornhill, Georgina Titus, Lesley L. Tomblin, Kenneth J. Vogt, David F. Wallack, Calvin E. Warren, Gerald E. Weber, James D. Weichel, Richard R. Willett, Victor C. Wong, Robert E. Wruck 1986 BRE David L. Blanche, Marcia L. Dobbin, Phoebe Y. Dortman, Donald G. Dunbar, Leanna M. Fines, Linda M. Freer, Lorraine A. Gibson, Terri J. Gordon, Jack Hirose, Nancy D. Hoeppner, Ronald D. Holbrook, Rory E. Holland, Liana C. Hyde, Lauren M. Ilich, Warren R. Johnston, Linda L. Kent, Gary P. Lambert, Carey A. Lapa, Valentine Lee, George K. Markin, Anne Y. Morishita, Dawn M. Neilly, Colleen F. Reed, Kent J. Rideout, Matt A. Salli, Nancy Sarrat-Cave, Linda S. Scratchley, Valerie G. Smith, Jennifer H. Takai, Paul Vermeulen 1986 PhD Alison M. Dewar Wade S. Parkhouse, MPE Scott C. Anderson, Surinder Brar, Sam Brooke, James F. Canil, Robert D. Fleming, Barbara A. Grantham, Henrik Lyth, Donna L. MacIntyre, James MacIntyre, Gordon O. Matheson, John P. McBryde, Gordon H. Montford, David A. Tso 1987 BPE Donald E. Adamic, Robert S. Allan, Anita I. Arndt, Inderbir Batth, Deanna J. Beat, Jack A. Beetstra, Joni L. Blaxland, Michael J. Bobick, Catherine G. Brickenden, Cicely A. Brocon, Darilynn K. Butler, Maria M. Carlos, Natalie P. Colbourne, Geoffrey D. Dakin, Carolyn J. Daubeny, Gregory G. Davis, Karen S. Dawson, John D. Devlin, Graham A. Dunne, Patricia A. Eccles, Tracey J. Elderton, Nancy M. Falcone, Nadine R. Fedorak, Melodie Flook, Nicki E. Florey, Douglas R. Fraser, Conrad J. Frisse, Allison J. Gilbert, Steve B. Glover, Susan L. Greggor, Hardev S. Grewal, Gerald G. Haag, Suzanne M. Hara, Marilyn L. Harkley, Angela K. Haveman, Michael D. Hooker, Leslie A. Horton, Donna L. Hunter, Ronald J. Huryn, Kathleen J. Imrich, Paul J. Johansson, Gregory R. Jovick, Daniela Karpun, Thomas P. Kendall, Lisa M. Korsch, Christina L. Lawrence, Brenda D. Lawson, Michael D. Lederman, Michael L. Legassicke, Dorothy G. Leung, Lawrence Low, Maureen P. McBride, Andrea R. McCallum, Craig McCord, Kim A. McElroy, Heather J. McKay, John R. Melvin, Gregory A. Meredith, Jacqueline R. Miller, Fiona M. Moss, William J. Moulds, Vicky L. Mufford, Fernanda L. Nefat, Steven J. Neufeld, Ronald B. Orser, Kevin J. Pasco, Mark A. Petrone, Roy E. Radu, Deborah M. Rea, Michael E. Reed, Lynn A. Ringwald, Colette M. Ritchie, Ian S. Robertson, Ingrid M. Sheere, Patrick L. Smith, Sigmund B. Sort, Linda M. Speed, Pamela C. Spencer-Dolan, Carole A. St Arnaud, Glenn S. Steele, Herbert C. Steenken, Janine S. Stelter, Bryan D. Stewart, Sally R. Stewart, Ian G. Stuart, Jill E. Sturrock, Martin E. Swanson, Leslie R. Tarves, Jacqueline L. Van Der Horst, Paul van Donkelaar, Janice M. Walberg, Benedikte Wilkinson, Linda M. Williams, Michael R. Williams, Jennifer J. Wintjes, Jesse F. Wong, Stanley W. Wong, Anthony S. Yewchuk 1987 BRE Judith M. Ayers, Wendy R. Bremner, Daisy Chin, Richard A. Daykin, Linda M. Goerwell, Vincent J. Gorman, Bruce C. Hunter, Keith G. Johnson, Janet Y. Lau, Martin R. Littlejohn, Heidi D. Mannis, Eric A. Metzmeier, Gregory E. Palmer, Michael J. Perley, Janet J. Rhodes, Alastair D. Sutherland, Anita M. Thomsen, Pamela K. Walker, Edith L. Watt, Warren B. White, Gwendolyn Wong, Bradley M. Woods

1970

1978

1979

Osborne Centre opens

Bob Osborne retires after 33 years as director and is succeeded by Bob Morford

UBC Sport Medicine Centre opens, the result of a partnership between the school and the Faculty of Medicine

146 :: MINDS AND MOTION

1987 MPE Odette K. Adrian, Darla D. Anderson, Wesley P. Battams, Donald M. Brien, Steven M. Campbell, Denise S. Coutts, Joanne E. Ditommaso, I B. Filsinger, Colleen J. Haney, Eleanor Haydock, Donna M. Mackenzie, Sandra L. McLuckie, Andrea J. Quinter, David E. Vernon 1988 BPE Michael Allina, Ian R. Armstrong, Holly A. Beal, Donald R. Berdusco, Michelle Beth, Patricia K. Bevilacqua, Tamara C. Bishop, Jody M. Blaxland, Peter M. Brion, Heather L. Burns, Karen M. Carmichael, Ralph B. Cheesman, Lepp Y. Chin, Terry K. Cochrane, Paulette L. Collier, Dwayne Collins, Trevor K. Cooper, Robert A. Downie, Karen D. Downing, Kathryn Duff, Andrea L. Dunkley, Allison J. Evans, Kristi A. Fike, Marian Gallagher, Gail C. Gardner, Julie A. Glover, Pauline A. Goertz, Margot J. Gunn, Kevin L. Hanson, Michelle Harris, Anita L. Hildebrandt, Winston Jang, Andrew S. Kefalas, Helen C. Keyes, Roald Kovacik, Jan Kuno, Calli E. Lange, Teri S. Lee, Chris E. Loat, John Loewy, Lorne J. Loiselle, Tod W. Lowe, Mark F. Lueke, Heather J. MacLeod, Hugh M. MacLeod, Janice L. Mah, Jeanie V. Martyniuk, James C. Marvel, Norm L. McNamara, Ian S. McNeill, Barbara E. Miller, Heather G. Minielly-Woodward, Lenora L. Moore, Shirley M. Nate, Susan G. Norlander, Leanne S. Petersen, Robyn L. Phillips, Leonie J. Plunkett, Darren W. Porsnuk, David A. Ragsdale, Bernard M. Raverty, Gillian L. Recknell, Richard J. Regush, Brad W. Reimer, Allyson L. Rogers, Douglas O. Rogers, Norah J. Schleicher, Vicki D. Shanks, Cindy L. Skakun, Paul C. Skarsgard, Susan L. Smeaton, Casey D. Smith, Mark G. Smith, Merton C. Smith, James T. Snell, Sandra J. Sovdat, Ross Tamagi, Douglas A. Taylor, Robert J. Tsumura, Marla E. Tynan, Trevor L. Weick, Regan W. Wong, Stacey L. Yip, Scott C. Yuill 1988 BRE James R. Donaldson, Stephen H. Drake, Raymond P. Herman, Jutta Kaffanke, Ellan A. Klann, Lynn Leong, Sharon L. Lum, Cathy M. Noel, Rania A. Pavlikis, Evelyn F. Phaneuf, Tara C. Senft, Patsy A. Wong 1988 PhD Michael J. Canic 1988 MPE Gregory S. Anderson, Susan M. Buchan, William Edwards, Susan R. Hopkins, Carmyn R. James, Darrell J. Jessop, Rob B. Johnson, Anna Lee, Neal W. Pollock, Kenneth H. Radford, Kevin L. Seburn, David H. Smith, Donald G. Welsh, Ingrid V. Young 1989 BPE Michael B. Adams, Terry R. Ainge, Steven J. Baker, Liza L. Bishop, Alexander H. Black, Paul J. Borlinha, Janice R. Busche, Deborah K. Butt, Chris V. Caverly, Sharan A. Clark, Stewart W. Colbourne, Philip A. Cragg, Valerie E. Crowe, Sue E. Cuthill, Leasa M. Dahlseide, Annemarie J. Debruyn, Marybeth Dee, Evelyn D. Dickson, Anne L. Diggon, Christopher J. Dobrovolny, Steven M. Dreger, Paul L. Eberhardt, James Elson, Penelope G. Farley, Jordan J. Gagner, Peter V. Goudal, Clayton C. Grant, Kevin P. Griffin, Randolph K. Hansen, Charles Harrison, David Hindmarch, Michael Ioannou-Johnson, Sarah E. James, Rodney J. Janz, Mark J. Jefferson, Shelley A. Johnson, Alan J. Jones, Kathleen S. Jones, Denise E. Klenk, Jeffey D. Knauer, Shelagh M. Knjaschewitsh, Henry C. Lee, Dan Loewy, Paul S. Looker, David R. MacFarlane, Sandra L. Mackey, Charleen S. McBeath, Paul M. McBurney, Margaret K. McCarthy, Robyn N. McCreery, Robert Moretto, Ann C. Muscat, Mimi Ng, Gregg A. Nicholson, Cliff R. Noth, Mary I. O’Flynn, Ray A. Otsuji, Patty L. Pasicnyk, Russell J. Paterson, Miles N. Patrick, Carl D. Payne, Heather J. Penner, Allan D. Perich, Heather S. Pickering, Christine A. Pinette, Valerie A. Poulter, Daryl G. Pretzer, Susan D. Priestly, Colleen P. Quee, Kevin T. Reilly, Marni L. Richardson, Shawn P. Robertson, Erminia T. Russo, Terry J. Sedgewick, Richard S. Serafin, Gerald Shong, Patti L. Simpson, Leslie F. Skelton, Eva M. Srobotnjak, Scott R. Stanfield, Cynthia L. Thummerer, Michael D. Torresan, Craig L. Warren, Grant J. Whitehead, Tracey E. Wilkins, Greg N. Williscroft, Robert M. Wilson, Margaret A. Yung 1989 BRE Laurie A. Cooper, Laurie L. Fakkema, Kari J. Frazer, Patricia M. Godbehere, Lisa J. Martin, Michelle J. Sirett 1989 PhD Leonard S. Goodman 1989 EdD Mark W. Ryan 1989 MPE Robert B. Davidson, Kathleen C. Emerson, Hanjoo Eom, Mary S. Fairbarn, Gerald G. Haag, Susan S. Lee, Sherri L. Magee, Margaret McBride, Gary N. Miller, David Partridge, Mary L. Poirier, Robert T. Ramsey, Raymond D. Stothers, Dick F. Woldring 1990 BPE Rachel A. Albang, Cathy L. Anderson, Margaret A. Auld, Walter Babicz, Bill M. Barber, Darren W. Beckett, Michael K. Blank, Mike Bouchard, Christine L. Briggs, Christine A. Bringsli, Alisa M. Brownlee, Richard S. Bryson, Bryan L. Burns, Jordan J. Campbell, Teresa A. Chalmers, Joseph Chirico, Helen H. Chow, Franca A. Cipriano, Yvonne J. Coletta, Joanne M. Cook, David P. Cooper, Kerry L. Correia, Ian B. Covey, Gordon J. Cumming, Lori M. Davies, Sheri L. Delmaestro, Christine S. DeRosa, David R. Derosa, Grant W. Duckworth, Pierre R. Duey, Kim M. Durlacher, Richard J. Dusevic, Victoria R. Edmonds, Cheray M. Ehrne, Dana N. Ferguson, Michael G. Finch, Lisa M. Fraser, Kathryn L. Garba, Colleen L. Gaskell, Robert A. Gazzola, Diana M. Hardie, Corey L. Harle, Barbara D. Harvey, Aziz Hassam, Rexford R. Hayes, Katherine G. Hopps, Richard B. Hunt, Mario A. Iacobucci, Sian P. Inglis, Tazmeen Ismail, Lisa Joe, Christence A. Jorgensen, Wayne A. King, Jonathan C. Kingsbury, Peter Koci, Lance M. Kraus, Eric S. Kristiansen, Brian R. Krueger, Anne C. Lacey, Anne C. Lacey, Alan J. Lalonde, Hallie S. Lecker, Jayne D. Loutit, Bonnie M. Luke, Nadine J. Luteijn, Karen R. MacEachern, Kim L. Matsom, Grant T. Matsuda, Andrea L. May, Alan C. McAndrew, Adam W. McDonnell, James M. McEwan, Andrew I. McKinlay, Malcolm C. McNeight, Sheryl D. Medley, Blair E. Mercer, Sharon Moore, Robert W. Morris, Frederique S. Muirhead, Brian K. Muldon, Lawrence G. Nightingale, Howard R. Nordstrom, Sandra J. Northcote, Timothy O’Fallon, Leo K. O’Farrell, Robert D. Oldershaw, Tonnie L. Ostle, Joanne E. Partrick, Gillian M. Partridge, Megan Philley, Christa M. Reitz, Michelle C. Ring, Neetu Rishiraj, Gregory A. Roberts, Sian M. Roberts, Heather F. Rooke, Lara L. Schlappner, Clifford D. Schwartz, Angela K. Schwarz, Raymond A. Silvey, Stephanie J. Sjerve, Amanda Slade, Carolyn F. Smith, Amy P. Steunenberg, John F. Stevenson, Brent M. Sutter, Richard A. Swanson, Karen E. Sweet, Gilbert C. Tagalog, Tyson C. Taylor, Susan J. Thorne, Luc P. Vander Poelen, Linda J. VanderHeide, Tom M. Vlasic, Richard J. Waack, Andrew R. Wallace, Ian A. Watson, Herb J. Weber, Theodore G. Widen, Sabrena J. Wilson, Allan Wong, Lisa M. Woodlist, James D. Woods, Alex B. Yen, Michael J. Young, Donna E. Yuill, Gregory I. Zavediuk 1990 BRE Patti M. Beaudry, Christine J. Hunter, Bryan R. McDicken, Linda Nicholson, Marina N. Ribatto 1990 EdD Christopher Cooke, Derek A. Swain 1990 MPE Anna E. Bozac, Andrea M. Falk, Robert C. Free, Susan B. Greenberg, Deborah K. Jones, Barb Kaelin-Spoerri, Gail A. Knudson, Heather J. MacLeod, Willem H. Meeuwisse, M L. Mitenko, Fumiko Oguchi-Chen, John J. Ritchie, Douglas O. Rogers, Paul van Donkelaar, Jo-Ann E. Watson 1991 BPE David C. Ancrum, Jennifer M. Banks, Dean E. Banman, Scott M. Bell, Simon K. Bennett, Susan J. Bodewin, Krista R. Bogen, Heather P. Bourchier, Melanie R. Brancato, Jeff P. Bray, Roberta L. Bremner, Douglas W. Brown, Kerry N. Brown, Jacqueline S. Brusset, Pierre F. Buchholz, Cheryl L. Burian, Valerie J. Burke, Bruce Burroughs, Mignon B. Cejalvo, Bernice V. Chun, Leslie D. Clarke, Lisa K. Corsie, Hugh W. Crump, Catherine M. Cryder, Carolyn J. Daley, Bernie C. De Groot, Mark H. Debruyn, Kirstin L. Delp, Ewen M. Dobbie, Tanya L. Donaldson, Gene V. Doray, Brent G. Dunlop, Anne E. Elgero, Heather L. Elliott, Jana M. Elliott, Caroline R. Ellis, Allan J. Falk, Corine M. Fehsenfeld, Carey P. Fouks, C. L. Freeman, Sherri L. Frier, Tiffany Gibson, Tanya J. Gilchrist, Thomas L. Girard, Julie A. Goldring, J. D. Gordon, Ed A. Gray, Heidi M. Gremaud, Gregory W. Guizzo, Kilmer E. Hagen, Bruce A. Haley, Chris P. Harrington, Nancy A. Harris, Catherine J. Henderson, Robin J. Hennessy, Michael Hrzic, Richard A. Hudspith, Jeffrey D. Hunt, Meredith F. Iddins, Laurel D. Iluk, Michelle K. Johansen, Tara L. Johnson, Craig B. Keller, Farida R. Kemp, Gordon B. Kerr, Anatol Y. Kim, Anita A. Kwai, Leanne I. Lashley, D. R. Leadbetter, Jason E. Leslie, Ian G. Liversidge, Raymond W. Lohr, Ralph Luff, Arne K. Lund, Susan Macpherson, Norm McCallan, Kim P. McLeod, Dina A. McMahon, James R. Minkus, Juliana S. Miu, Glen C. Mulcahy, Doug J. Mutch, Robert G. Neid, Mark H. Nill, Kelly Nishihama, Susan M. Nykoluk, Anthony P. Orioli, Shawna L. Palmer, Fletcher L. Parkin, Wade G. Peary, Deanna L. Pendergast, Wayne C. Phipps, Richard D. Plamondon, Lisa M. Pozin, Oscar F. Pozzolo, Stacey L. Prattis, Samer Raad, Jagpaul P. Rai, Sara J. Rainford, Ken H. Raison, Donna L. Rein, Teryl A. Rentz, Carl N. Repp, Glen Roberts, John Rogers, Paul D. Rogers, Brent J. Romas, Joanne E. Rooney, Donald T. Russell, Curtis G. Sabot, Gordon R. Sanders, Dennis O. Schmidt, Sheena E. Scott, William J. Scott, Balinder S. Sidhu, Maryann F. Skoll, Jacqueline L. Smigel, Joe D. Sobotin, Colleen M. Spring, Sandra L. Starrett, Sandra Stephanson, Christopher R. Stever, James S. Stewart, Jacqueline A. Sturn, Laura A. Switzer, Randy R. Tepper, Marcus Van Bylandt, Nicholas R. Van Delft, O. Y. Vienneau, Rhonda J. Walmsley, Todd L. Wickman, Elaine Wilde, Roy K. Wong, Robert T. Yang, Lori Yarrow 1991 BRE Tom L. Potts 1991 PhD Gordon O. Matheson, MPE Robert J. Dunlop, Douglas E. Gordon, Maria Koskolou, Katherine M. Laubman, Chris E. Loat, Neil W. MacDonald, Heather A. McKay, Brad W. Reimer, Diane Russell, Bonita J. Sawatzky, John O. Smith, Rosemary Van Stavel 1992 BPE Tracie A. Albisser, Daniel Antal, Julie Atkinson, Zoltan P. Bako, Shaun R. Banser, Thomas A. Bate, Peter Battistin, Heidi C. Battiston, Andreas J. Beerwald, Wayne Best, Steven C. Beveridge, John Bisaro, Jan E. Bogen, Jocelyn S. Brovender, Daphne Brown, Jacquelyn A. Buchanan, David A. Cannon, Edward W. Cannon, Marianne A. Clarke, Michael D. Clarke, Siobhan P. Clement, Heidi U. Coleman, David M. Coombes, James A. Dawson, Bruce D. Dayton, Tracey L. DeGruchy, Kyle G. Dempster, Brenda S. Devine, Purnjeet Disanjh, Avy Dong, Serena D. Eccles, Jennie M. Fitzsimmons, Eric Floe, Derek J. Fournier, Allyson D. Friesen, Erik A. Furland, Brigette C. Furlonger, Marie A. Giesbrecht, Tricia L. Gilmore Cohee, James A. Gordon, Mac B. Gordon, Kendall J. Gross, David A. Groves, Ross W. Gurney, Jennifer D. Hafting, Corby J. Haley, Jon P. Hammer, Colleen A. Hannah, Tod D. Hanvey, Sandra A. Harrington, Susan C. Haynes, Roger S. Hennig, Colleen M. Houston, Murray C. Howes, Richard A. Howlett, Philip M. Hughes, Jennifer L. Ivany, Byron M. Jack, Ian Jackson, Amy Johnson, Fulton S. Jung, Kelly W. Kavanagh, Jeannie M. Kim, Ryan H. Kineshanko, Kimberley-Ann E. Kirk, Walter U. Kirschner, Derrick N. Klashinsky, Gregory L. Klit, Del B. Komarniski, Kelly P. Kozack, Mark M. Kriese, Anneliese Lalonde, Joanne N. Lambert, Francis P. LaRoue, Elaine Leachman, Robert I. Letson, Douglas R. Low, Linda C. Lussier, John A. MacDonald, Gordon I. MacIntyre, Rana L. Mack, James D. MacKay, Ian D. MacPhee, David D. Mah, Lisa-Maree Mahony, Patrick S. Maloney, Lisa S. Mandau, Diego Marchese, James A. Marsh, Mick R. Martin, Wendi T. Marzinzik, Daniel S. Mason, Lonny D. Mazurak, Sandra L. McLay, Samantha L. Meldrum, Michael J. Middlemass, Peter N. Milkovich, Timothy D. Murdy, Steven C. Nicol, Geoff G. Norman, Lisa N. Nucich, Mark A. Nykolaichuk, Katherine E. Obradovic, Debbie L. Oppenlander, Shannon L. Overland, Lynda S. Parmelee, Susan V. Patterson, Allyson E. Prince, Christopher M. Pryce, Lisa M. Psotka,

1986

1990

1992

Wheelchair athlete Rick Hansen becomes the first student with a disability to graduate with the BPE degree

Former PEUS president Bob Schutz becomes the third director of the school

Don McKenzie’s research on the effects of upper body exercise on breast cancer patients results in global phenomenon of dragon boat racing among breast cancer patients and survivors TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 147

Karen M. Rainer, Rosa Rossi, David W. Ruck, Shelia Samtani, Stacey J. Saumure, Stacey L. Sauve, George J. Sayers, Stacey L. Seitz, Altaf M. Shaikh, Leanne E. Shaughnessy, Jens Skov, Robin Smalley, Kevin P. Smith, Trent J. Smith, Kevin So, Manuel Sobral, Kim M. Somerville, Susan A. Spacey, Sharon I. Spinder, Melanie A. Stephens, Lori J. Stewart, Paula S. Stone-Brown, Kelly A. Stubson, Dwayne E. Sward, Andre Tee, Fernando C. Torres, Jean-Paul G. Tremblay, Janine M. Trudeau, Lawrie W. Turko, Jeff I. Tuttle, Derrick C. Usher, Carmelina A. Vairo, Darcy P. Vogel, James R. Wall, Melissa T. West, Darryl D. Wiebe, Reg H. Wiebe, Lorna J. Williams, Tracey A. Wilson, Valerie J. Wilson, Derrick A. Wolynski, Celina Wong, Sheilagh M. Wubs 1992 BRE James A. Moir 1992 EdD Colleen Haney 1992 MPE Daphne L. Anderson, Alison J. Kent, Constance M. Lebrun, Georgina L. MacDonald, Mary B. Meeuwisse, Ann C. Muscat, Christopher D. Perkins, Casey D. Smith, Peter W. Twist 1993 BPE Hannah E. Abel, Michael R. Albrecht, Richard L. Augustus, Leanne M. Baher, James P. Baker, Daniel P. Bertuzzi, Joseph B. Bevan, Barry J. Bevilacqua, Bhupinder K. Biln, Rajwinder R. Bindra, Brian T. Bogdanovich, Michelle L. Brindamour, Jenny L. Broom, Donna M. Brow, Rory G. Brown, Laura J. Burnett, Kenneth G. Burton, Gregory A. Byron, Colleen A. Campbell, Andrea J. Carter, Anna M. Chambers, Tanya M. Champoux, Kristine C. Chapman, Paul R. Cohee, Carole A. Cordle, William A. Coupland, Bruce J. Cunnings, Laura L. Cutshall, Jim Dedes, Lorah J. Delaney, Amy Dong, Sheri A. Dorion, Julie P. Douglas, Heather A. Duncan, Dianne Y. Dunsmore, Gillian H. Eaket, Frank A. Egitto, Marny A. Eng, David B. Foster, Scott W. Frizzell, Andrew S. Gallacher, Rodney G. Garossino, Stacy L. Germaniuk, Roy J. Gibbs, Jana L. Gibson, Navdeep Gill, David E. Gillis, Lesley D. Grant, Warren W. Groom, Troy E. Hardwick, Crystal D. Hayduk, Brian A. Heese, Tim W. Heighton, Kimberly A. Hughes, John A. Hunt, Mike J. Ikeda, Carl S. Janze, Tammie L. Jay, Ashif H. Jiwa, Nathan K. Johnson, Bradley L. Johnston, Lisa M. Kabatoff, Van D. Kantarakias, F. G. Kern, Sheila D. Kilpatrick, Andrea J. Kinsky, Craig A. Kitamura, Allan R. Klassen, Maureen A. Klit, Todd W. Larsen, Lisa I. Larson, Russell P. Lathigee, Troy P. Latrace, Tamara D. Lawrence, Grace Ledingham, Jonathan Lee, Juanita T. Lenz, Stephen K. Li, Louise M. Lodge, Andrew Lovas, Kelly Low, Ken Luteyn, Doug E. Lynch, Scott MacDonald, Timothy J. MacKie, Robert W. MacPherson, Elizabeth S. Manara, Wesley D. Mann, Idris N. Marican, Peter A. Marron, Tracy L. McCallum, Erin S. McGill, Laura M. Menard, Roger L. Millette, Randall J. Minchinton, Nicole M. Morgan, Andrew W. Mornin, Carolyn M. Morrison, Deborah K. Murray, Russell C. Mussio, Wendy S. Newson, Sylvester A. Noel, Tammie M. Nowotny, Diana M. Obradovic, Mark C. Orso, Liam P. O’Shea, Manjit Parhar, Jason A. Parker, Kelly G. Perry, Deborah A. Peters, Wendy M. Pilla, Peter Poka, Paul Proznick, Duane A. Radcliffe, Jamie S. Radcliffe, Robbi-Layne Robertson, Jennifer M. Romas, Jon B. Rutledge, Glen M. Sandve, Kevin C. Schindler, Janice L. Schutte, Deena T. Scoretz Boeck, David M. Searle, Will R. Seeley, Jody T. Shaw, Robert B. Short, Patrick B. Shuen, Inderjit A. Sidhu, Diana M. Sillery, Micky A. So, James W. Stanway, Kerri-Jo Stewart, Jill S. Sutcliffe, Penny K. Syroid, James R. Taylor, Ann-Marie Thomas, Adrian R. Thornbury, Scott R. Tomlin, Marlene J. Tompkins, Shanti Toolsie, Taryn A. Tough, Lori J. Tunnacliffe, Justine A. Urquhart, Rhonda L. Vanderfluit, Jaime C. Vicente, Corinne E. Von Dehn, Ann-Marie J. Wagg, Gail E. Webb, Roger G. Weetman, Stephanie M. Wells, Jackie K. Williams, Christian A. Willows, Paris E. Wincure, Carolyn M. Wust, Orlando R. Zalameda 1993 PhD Hanjoo Eom 1993 EdD Sandra Hartley, Susan R. Hopkins, MPE Janet H. Bednarczyk, Despina D. Frangolias, Antoinette J. Klawer, Robert H. Langill, Diana R. Lewis, Yuanlong Liu, James T. McGarry, Jennifer W. Miller-Tait, Terry I. Shykora, Dean Spriddle, Sheryl L. Stephenson, Patrick S. Turner 1994 BHK Elmore M. Abraham, Phil Acciarresi, Steve J. Adrain, Michelle I. Akizuki, Ezra S. Alexander, Scott D. Allan, Patrick B. Allardyce, Jesse L. Anast, Cori E. Andrichuk, Kevin J. Bailey, Brent W. Barichello, Suzanne J. Beckner, Camellia Bentham, Jon Bey, Timothy S. Booker, Peter Brbot, Gerry Brunello, Jason W. Bukowski, Darrin R. Bunker, Dino I. Camparmo, Krista Candey, Jane H. Carson, Christopher S. Chan, Derek R. Cherry, Andrea K. Childerhose, Grace C. Choi, Kevin R. Cliff, Jason M. Colonello, Jacqueline D. Crawford, Bernard N. Crump, Vincent F. Danielsen, William J. de Boer, Raymond Delage, David M. Devaney, Gwyneth L. Dixon-Warren, Damian R. Durante, Darren T. Earl, Darren E. Embley, Lisa M. Engleman, Dean W. Fenwick, Lynn G. Forbes, Robert D. Frid, Jake H. Friesen, Paul J. Gill, James W. Godfrey, Michael L. Gould, James J. Gray, Katherine A. Green, Brian L. Greenwood, Victoria L. Gritchen, Lori A. Gunn, Corrie-Anne G. Guraliuk, Mark W. Hauk, Krista A. Herbert, Rolf Hirschkorn, Jodie L. Holley, Jeffrey D. Hutton, Jasvinder Johal, Jacquelyn D. Johnson, Jeffrey J. Johnstone, Elham Kahnamoei, Grant D. Keefer, Tracey E. Kennedy, Wayne H. Kennedy, Todd J. Kennelly, Anissa R. Kermode, Jennifer Y. Kinakin, Nancy J. Klassen, Allison J. Knowles, Douglas W. Kong, Tracy L. Kraft, Steve M. Krilanovich, Jennifer M. Lajoie, Lynn A. Laliberte, Sonia Lalli, Margaret L. Langford, Suzanne L. Lariviere, Greg D. Lawley, Vicki S. Le Riche, Glen P. Leader, Marcel J. Lebrun, Michael A. Lee, Curtis R. Lehmphul, Steven Levesque, Nikala N. Maclean, Tim P. MacLeod, Nathalie R. Mainville, Peter C. Matino, Lance S. McDonald, Randah McKinnie, Kerri V. McNolty, Miriam S. Michel, Darren S. Miller, Paula L. Mohammed, Melanie L. Moore, Maureen C. Moorehead, Darcy B. Mullin, Brad A. Murdoch, Sean E. Newman, Truong D. Nguyen, Lisa E. Nickle, Shereesse M. North, Tara J. O’Hare, Turlough J. O’Hare, Kristi M. Oikawa, Kristi M. Oikawa, Olga Orth, Jennifer J. Palmateer, Ajay Patel, Dennis E. Pavan, Michael S. Pedersen, Michelle K. Penner, Nicole K. Podolsky, Bernadette M. Pollock, Catherine T. Potkins, Jens F. Preshaw, Daniel A. Raj, Michael F. Ramage, Laurene A. Rehman, Liberato G. Reyes, William A. Richards, Michele J. Rideout, Cory L. Roberts, Douglas T. Roberts, Shelagh N. Roberts, Christopher P. Rozitis, Larry P. Ryan, Parm K. Sanghera, Erin C. Santry, Michael G. Scheller, Michael R. Schmid, Gordon E. Shkurhan, Gurdit Sidhu, Karen L. Skye, H. M. Smeeth, Alice F. Smit, Sean M. Smith, Sean W. Smith, Barbara A. Solarz, Darren Soy, Diana M. Stimac, Catherine H. Streeter, Erin E. Tack, Brian D. Tait, Karen P. Tait, Philip E. Tapley, Kazuo Tateishi, Jay D. Taylor, Alan G. Tenta, Kelly D. Tompkins, Jack T. Tran, Janet K. Tupper, Kevin T. Tyfting, Kim A. Upton, Shannon A. Vandop, Suzanne J. Vardy, Lori A. Veres, Kim Verigin, John B. Vint, Anna M. Waddell, James G. Waddell, Andrew R. Walters, Lisa E. Walwork, Christian G. Weigelmann, Lorri-Lynn Wenschlag, Andrea K. Wiebe, Kathleen M. Wiebe, Michael B. Williams, Jill D. Williamson, Christopher Won, Anna M. Wong, David M. Wong, Peter L. Yeung, David M. Young, Joseph Yun, Perino E. Zambon 1994 PhD Donna L. MacIntyre, James E. Potts, MA Harry T. Hubball, Louise E. Neu, MHK Neil Craton, Derek S. Duvall, Tricia L. Gilmore Cohee, Kevin L. Hanson, Brent R. Littlejohn, Ken R. Lodewyk, Johnny R. Misley, MSc Annita T. Amoroso, Gavin D. Arthur, Trevor K. Cooper, Peter L. Davidson, Jennifer A. Scrubb 1995 BHK Christine L. Allan, Thomas J. Andersen, Helen P. Argue, Christine B. Ashton, Paul A. Attalla, Kevin F. Ballard, Bruce A. Barnett, J L. Bayne, Jason D. Bell, Christopher R. Birt, Laura D. Bowley, Michelle C. Bucher, Amanda J. Butler, Andrew P. Butschler, Craig S. Bymoen, Carrie L. Carlsen, Pietro Carnovale, Meredith J. Carre, Lindsay G. Carswell, Anousith Chang, Weldon Cheung, Derek Christiansen, Maureen L. Cinq-Mars, Dave H. Colquhoun, Kelly K. Cooksley, Douglas D. Corbett, Sheila A. Corbett, Sandra J. Croft, Jan M. Davidson, Trisha L. Davison, Angela M. Della Savia, Dereck B. Dirom, Jeff W. Dods, Lisa J. Eastman, Michael Eberlein, Karen E. Ellis, Lisa C. Ellis, William R. Ellis, Angelina W. Eng, Tammy L. Fast, Benjamin J. Fecht, Lori A. Fergus, Amanda L. Flack, Mark A. Flinsky, Richard G. Fowler, Donna L. Furlani, Matthew D. Gahr, Julia M. Grant, Andrew D. Gurney, Trevor A. Hale, Tara R. Hansen, Tane C. Harris, Sara K. Harvey, Stephanie A. Harvey, Michelle M. Haughian, Kim N. Haverluck, Angus S. Heaps, Kevin T. Hearne, Treena M. Henry, Ian G. Hetherington, Margo J. Hills, Jennie L. Hittinger, Joanna K. Horvath, Jonathan Huberman, Paul D. Hughes, C. Paul Hurl, Shawndra E. Hyland, Kirsten L. Johnson, Rachel M. Johnston, Trevor P. Jones, Lisa J. Kalanchey, Kalia Katsifaris, Glenn A. Kerr, Jennifer L. Kiefer, Kenneth H. Kim, Jan A. King, Ingrid C. Knight-Cohee, Greg D. Kozoris, Lorelei E. Lauten, Jacqueline M. Leibovitch, Ray K. Lo, Heather R. Loenen, Francesco Lore, Lisa M. Louie, Barry Lyster, Janet D. MacLeod, Staci L. Martin, Taras L. Maslechko, Taras L. Maslechko, Gregory D. Mayer, Sharay E. Mazur, Jeremy D. McComb, Neil E. McComb, Scott F. McFarlane, Nicola J. McGarry, Simone K. McGuire, Callum D. McIntosh, Michael W. McLellan, Angela R. McLennan, Darren J. Mitzel, Michael G. Mitzel, Heather P. Monroe, Barbara C. Mosher, Sheila V. Negraiff, Cathryn R. O’Brien, Kathryn G. O’Brien, Patricia M. O’Brien, Tammy L. O’Hagan, Nicole M. Oke, Patrick S. Onstad, Wendi E. Palmer, Paul T. Papoutsakis, Camille E. Parent, Michael J. Parsons, Jenny Pashalidis, Catherine A. Pasquale, Michael K. Pearce, Robert W. Peters, Jennifer G. Pewsey, Owen Picton, Catherine C. Plumridge, Krista M. Popowych, Sandra M. Potis, Filippo R. Prestia, Jennifer L. Rabinovitch, Sushant Raj, Tania L. Ramponi, Karen A. Reader, Petra E. Ribbink, Kenneth A. Rife, Scott G. Rodgers, Danny L. Rohl, David A. Say, Giuseppe P. Scaglione, Todd D. Schierling, Herbert R. Schmidt, Christopher S. Schroeder, Jason B. Scott, John D. Seminoff, Jeff N. Sharpe, Stephen J. Shorthouse, Jasbir S. Sidhu, Donovan R. Simpson, Sandra M. Slaney, Kelly K. Smith, Andrew Sowden, Wendi M. Spoor, Tiffany A. Stewart, Brian C. Storey, Shelly S. Stouffer, Ryan G. Strachan, Katherine L. Sutton, Cherilyn Swanson, Grace K. Tanouye, Kim M. Thomas, Harry Toews, Joseph J. Tonzetich, Alan P. Tynan, Leigh J. Tynan, Darryl J. Unger, Linda M. Van Vliet, Kevin H. Vandop, Williamson S. Wan, Lance A. Watson, Jennifer L. Wheeler, Kari L. Wheeler, Mary L. Williams, Carl J. Williamson, Heather D. Wilson, Ian K. Wong, Cameron C. Worman, Matthew C. Young 1995 MA Brian S. Wilson 1995 MHK Paul W. Gallant, Jeffrey D. Hunt, Mark D. Koin, Rana L. Mack, MSc Alexander H. Black, Maria A. Ketelaars, Christopher L. MacLean, A. William Sheel 1996 BHK Stephen Ahn, Jenifer N. Allan, Dale A. Ambrose, Natalie A. Bach, Doris K. Bakgaard, Ross E. Ballard, Eric M. Baskette, Kelly L. Beaman, Paul A. Beecroft, Sean A. Berda, John A. Berner, Karim A. Bhimani, Gordon J. Binsted, Maya G. Bleiler, Alan S. Boden, Wendy P. Brookbank, Sam J. Brovender, Robert D. Buller-Taylor, Clayton T. Bussey, Cory J. Bymoen, Stuart D. Canuel, Allen D. Carroll, Matthew C. Chevalier, Theresa M. Clinton, Paul A. Collette, Kimberley A. Cooper, William A. Dalton, Peter A. Daubaras, Michelle L. Davey, Charlene P. Davies, Trudy G. De Boer, Kimberly E. Del Bianco, Sadie A. Digeso, Megan Eastwood, Robert E. Ellis, Colin M. Elmes, Rebecca L. Enzler, Tanya M. Epting, Bryan P. Fischer, Adrian C. French, Bjorn B. Friedmann, Nicole L. Funk, Michael I. Garry, Megan E. Gilbert, Ian R. Green, Joanne M. Guelke, Anita A. Guglielmini, Kimberly L. Guminski, Johanna C. Gunn, Dana L. Haneman,

Michael Houston leaves the school to take a leadership role at Virginia Tech. He is replaced on an interim basis by Bob Schutz

School name is changed to School of Human Kinetics.

1994

1996

Degree names are changed to Bachelor of Human Kinetics (BHK), Masters of Human Kinetics (MHK). New Ph.D., M.Sc., and M.A. degree programs are offered

Michael Houston replaces Bob Schutz as director of the School of Human Kinetics, and is the first director to not graduate from UBC

148 :: MINDS AND MOTION

1999 Peter Crocker becomes the fifth director of the School of Human Kinetics

Christopher J. Harmer, Michael A. Harrington, Cindy L. Harris, Jason R. Hewlett, Tricia R. Hewson, Greig A. Hogg, Karelyn N. Hrushowy, Trisha N. Hubbard, Laura Hunter, Debbie M. Iorns, Scott J. Ivany, Karim K. Jandali, Donald S. Johannson, Lance S. Johnson, Daniel T. Kamke, Oliver M. Kearnes, Tina Louise V. Kehler, Michael R. Kertesz, James D. Kippan, Shannon D. Kray, Robert E. Kubert, Paul G. Kuhn, Michael A. Langton, Franklin L. Law, Jennifer D. Lechasseur, Yolanda K. Lee, Kim A. Leischner, Michelle H. Liebe, Dave J. Lige, Joanne M. Lindsay, Carrie A. Linegar, Katrina M. Lusk, Susan D. MacDonald, Christopher R. MacEy, David A. MacLean, Sherry L. Makortoff, Kathryn A. Malek, Maria B. Malek, Tamara K. Masterson, Robert Matjasic, Kevin C. Maurice, Jonathan M. Mayan, Sean E. McBeth, Brooke S. McBurney, Marisa K. McKenzie, Michael W. McKenzie, Kevin R. McKim, William A. McRorie, Rafal Mijas, Dione Miller, Lilla J. Molnar, Scott W. Mosher, John S. Mujcin, Leah K. Munro, William E. Murphy, Rodney E. Needham, Andrea J. Neil, Brendan R. Neil, David M. Nelson, Lynda K. Newkirk, Adrienne Ng, Tara C. O’Kane, Heather G. Ozur, Jaylene A. Paivarinta, Constantina T. Papagianni, Michael J. Payne, Darren R. Peterson, Robbie J. Phillips, Romolo F. Ranallo, Christine A. Reynolds, Erin S. Ronan, Moira R. Rubin-Brody, Paul J. Sather, Douglas N. Schellenberg, Bradley G. Schmidt, Janice L. Schuett, Diana M. Schultz, Lori S. Schulz, Owen R. Schutz, Darren A. Scuffi, Gerad E. Shea, Nathan A. Shouldice, Robert B. Sidley, Ingrid M. Sikorcin, Louis Silveri, Vicky K. Sjohall, Nicole T. Smith, Rebecca R. Smith, William G. Smith, Stuart A. Sokoloski, Lee Stanton, Sara L. Staschuk, Keri J. Steele, Karen P. Sutton, Vinh L. Truong, Mark A. Tulip, Andrea L. Tyreman, Leonard D. Van Vliet, Jaki L. Vlahovic, Chris G. Vondrasek, John F. Wasilenko, Chris T. Watts, Glynis C. Webster, Susan J. Wilby, Anne C. Wildhagen, Darren J. Williamson, Cynthia M. Wonham, Darren W. Woolgar, Gregory J. Worsley, Harry S. Yang, Jonelle S. Young, Robin M. Ziola 1996 PhD Harry T. Hubball, MA Jennifer M. Fenton, Meredith F. Iddins, Laurene A. Rehman, MHK Harald D. Albrecht, Sangwoo Bae, Anita T. Gitto, Neetu Rishiraj, Daniel M. Vanhooren, MSc Veronica Corvalan-Grossling, James R. Govett, Michelle K. Johansen, Jennifer M. Lajoie, Iris L. Lama, Patrick J. Potvin, Navin Prasad, Carl T. Shearer, Serge J. Soolsma, James R. Staples, Peter T. Walton 1997 BHK Sharla M. Abdulla, Ken I. Anderson, Aron Apeldoorn, Lisa D. Archer, Gary G. Aujla, Robbie R. Aujla, Eugenio A. Bahamonde, Barret M. Bain, David J. Beinder, Alexis D. Biggar, Alison M. Bosma, Kevin J. Botham, Allyson M. Bower, David K. Braun, Susan M. Bryde, John P. Cann, Patrick J. Chamberlain, Deborah P. Chepil, Christopher A. Chew, Aanon Clausen, Ryan W. Colbert, Matthew D. Cole, Jason M. Corday, Tammy H. Crawford, Frank A. Crosina, Jeffrey A. Cruickshank, Lara A. Culig, Jason W. Day, Patrick A. De La Paz, Leonard R. Dejulius, Lynda F. Dennis, Kirk M. Deutschmann, Kuljivan S. Dhaliwal, Carolyn J. Dibb, Cheryl A. Doucet, Ryan J. Douglas, Bradley D. Driscoll, Monika L. Durose, Michael R. Edwards, Chad H. Elliott, Kerri M. Farion, Tanya Ferry, Johnnie Fong, Christopher M. Fraser, Robert G. Gander, Belinda A. Giles, Paul M. Girodo, Kristin N. Graham, Michael C. Granum, Charla K. Gray, Alison M. Greig, Neil M. Grigoletto, Nicole M. Hadden, Theresa L. Haysom, Dara P. Hendren, Wendy A. Hewlett, Masayuki R. Hikida, Scott A. Hodson, Derek V. Holland, Jason W. Honchar, Terra C. Hooyberg, Sarah M. Houlding, Brady D. Ibbetson, Karen A. Irvine, Philip H. Jakob, Ijaz Jamal, Stuart A. Jette, Tracy L. Kaminsky, Kimberley S. Keays, Alistair J. King, Tanya L. Kippan, Maria E. Klassen, Cody W. Kusch, Marsha A. Kwasnicki, Marc Ledwon, Jason B. Levitt, Johan C. Lindkvist, Karen J. Lindsay, Tracey D. Lipp-Derrheim, Maria A. Lopresti, Ian R. Lowe, Vanessa T. Lurie, Serena K. Lusk, Robert P. MacFarlane, Alan S. Mack, Leigh MacKenzie, Robbie G. MacPherson, Stephen D. Mahon, Sukhjinder S. Malli, Donna N. Maniago, Caronne Marino, Ray A. Marta, Mitchell G. Martin, Gillian L. Matheson, Kaisa M. McCandless, Marnie L. McComb, Terrence D. McKaig, Karly M. McKay, Richard E. McLeod, Christine M. Medway, Christie D. Mikkelsen, Cam A. Molinski, Kelly S. Moore, Sherry L. Moore Nevalainen, Joanne L. Morgan, Melodie D. Moti, Laura M. Mould, Bernadette Mung, Sheryl L. Murphy, Lisa D. Nahorniak, Kristi D. Narbett, Andrew G. Nixon, Katherine M. Norton, Christina M. Oelschlagel, Catherine A. Olsen, Gordon A. Orr, Robert J. Overgaard, Kimberly D. Parkhill, Jesse C. Parsons, Leroy S. Pereira, Nancy M. Pereira, Leanne M. Popowich, Karen M. Pstross, Avtar Randhawa, Graham D. Rudd, Peter W. Santosham, Brian H. Satake, Kirk Savage, Gregory A. Schalk, Brady D. Schlecker, Nicole A. Sedgwick, Alison J. Sinclair, Shauna H. Stam, Kenneth T. Strain, Charlotte R. Streicek, Scott C. Suderman, Tracey Sullivan, Stacey N. Szabo, Noel C. Thorpe, Dale A. Tiessen, Christina L. Vael, Jack M. Vandyk, Christopher J. Vipler, John C. Wang, Jamie C. Ward, Dawne M. Wells, Jeremy P. Westereng, Janice I. Whaley, Jarrett J. Wilke, Sarah D. Williams, Megan M. Wilson, Tara L. Wintrup, Erica A. Wolfe, Robin D. Wolfe, Morgan T. Wolsey, Brian W. Wong, Michael B. Woode 1997 MA Caroline Depatie, Colleen J. Reid, Dan Sankar, Xiaochun Yang, MHK Christopher R. Birt, Edward W. Cannon, Zehong Lei, Hongbin Liu, Joel MacDonald, David M. McCutcheon, Jean-Paul G. Tremblay, MSc Tracie A. Albisser, Catherine J. Bacon, Sherri L. Kwasnicki, Laura P. Pripstein, Daniel A. Raj, Dana C. Reid, Willa D. Sankey, Andrew C. Stager, O. Y. Vienneau 1998 BHK Prabhi K. Aadmi, Eric J. Aardema, Barbara L. Acob, Gareth J. Adams, Lindsay A. Allan, Francis R. Arrieta, Jim M. Au, Darren Aun, Sara D. Backie, Shannon L. Banford, R. Greg Bedard, Roderick G. Bedard, Angela F. Belsham, Kimberly D. Berg, Jeffrey K. Beselt, Jugjit M. Bhambra, Tracey D. Billett, Angela D. Blackhall, Jennifer L. Bolli, Ryan E. Bolton, Edward J. Bradford, Robyn L. Bradley, David J. Buchanan, Douglas R. Buckoll, Jill E. Calkin, Ian C. Cameron, Julie C. Cameron, Meegan E. Campbell, Tanya N. Camposano, Tony N. Carlsen, David R. Chalmers, Katherine G. Champ, Michael L. Chang, Andy Chin, Nectarios Christofides, Meghan C. Collett, Sharon K. Collie, Kerry A. Cooper, Kelly A. Creelman, Jeff A. Croft, Anita M. Csatho, Michelle A. Cyrzan, Glenn W. Daigle, Nicholas P. Day, Cameron C. Dempsey, Helen M. Dier, Catherine E. Dowell, Craig Draper, Calvin S. Dubray, John R. Dumont, Colin J. Duncan, Jacqueline D. Dyck, Kenneth C. Ecker, Brian S. Ee, Jacqueline D. Ellis, Nathanial J. Erker, Misti M. Farrish, Brian D. Fehlauer, Colette L. Flint, Vincent E. Fong, Sean M. Fordham, Colin Y. Fox, Christopher S. Franks, Kristopher J. French, Sean Gaster, Shawna M. Guild, Karim J. Hachlaf, Samuel S. Halperin, Michael Ham, Valerie J. Hamilton, Alastair N. Hodges, Christian L. Hoscheit, Kyra L. Hudson, Peter J. Hutchinson, Robert C. Jackson, Jeff A. Jakel, Audrey E. Jang, Laurie Jeffrey, Brent A. Johnson, Sean K. Johnson, Christiana L. Jones, Jon R. Kanngiesser, Trudy L. Keil, Ina C. Kerckhoff, Harbinder K. Kingra, Jiri G. Knizek, Lorna D. Koo, Karen A. Kos, Jody M. Kuhn, Stephanie B. Labelle, Sean S. Landers, Paul B. Laursen, Jay A. Lee, Deanna D. Leech, Simon J. Lees, Kim Leviton, Damien T. Liu, Grace K. Liu, Richard P. Loader, Ricardo A. Lopez, Corine A. Lovegrove, Stephen E. Lowe, Heather J. MacLeod, Peter Magriotidis, Laurence A. Makowy, Jessica D. Mann, Rebecca A. Marshall, Bradley J. Mason, Kevin A. Matheny, Jeff S. McCallum, Shannon E. McCutcheon, Craig I. McGarry, Gregor I. McGregor, Roxanne McLeary, Kevin A. Mehra, Christine D. Melling, Brendan T. Messer, Derek M. Murrell, Broncyn Mussell, Minetaro V. Naruki-Van Velzen, Nikolaus N. Nashlund, Brent W. Neeve, Andrea D. Nishi, Daniel A. Nozick, Jesse F. Oldham, Shawna L. O’Neil, Joanne L. Palmeira, Fonda Papathanasiou, Angeliki Perdios, Andrew T. Plant, Melissa L. Prosperi-Porta, Sukhpal S. Rai, Steve R. Ramsbottom, Anthony M. Ramsell, Gregory J. Reid, Wendy M. Reid, Christophe A. Rivas, Scott D. Robertson, Jennifer J. Robinson, Darcy Rowe, Bambi C. Roy, Diana Rucker, Robert A. Ruddick, Pina R. Russo, Jon P. Saltel, Anne E. Sashikata, Andrew J. Saunders, Baldeep K. Sekhon, Manda C. Sherman, Jonathan A. Shick, Kira N. Sinow, Daniel L. Sivertson, Jacob G. Sol, Lucas E. Spata, Karla A. Stroet, Kristina A. Stuart, Jennifer L. Swan, Hollie M. Tanton, Colin W. Teramura, Michelle E. Tobin, Arthur M. Tolhurst, David J. Treloar, Garry C. Tsang, Julie E. Turner, Cynthia G. Tyler, Samuel J. Van Ieperen, Amber L. Velasquez, Sherry L. Victor, Lindsay A. Waddell, Rob N. Waddell, Jonathan D. Wall, Janet A. Wallace, Erica J. Ward, Kevin M. Wilson, Steve Wong, Troy D. Wood, Mark D. Yee 1998 PhD Lesley D. Alexander, Sherri L. Magee, David Partridge, MA Inderbir Batth, Lesley A. Dyck, Michael J. Firth, Margot C. MacEwan, Mike Mosher, Paromita Naidu, Ryan E. Rhodes, Amanda Vogel, MHK Timothy W. Demant, Joseph C. Dolcetti, Rosalin M. Hanna, Tamara K. Masterson, James C. Murphy, Leanne M. Sander, Gordon E. Shkurhan, Harry S. Yang, MSc Chad G. Ball, Yen-Ming K. Chen, Teresa Y. LiuAmbrose, Kerry J. MacKelvie O’Brien, Turlough J. O’Hare, Andre N. Potvin, Glen P. Sharpe, Ian B. Stewart, Lisa D. Thurgur, Jian Zhang 1999 BHK Christopher R. Adams, Kristy M. Alfred, Christie E. Allison, Timothy L. Ambler, Monica L. Andres, James D. Askew, Michael D. Averbach, Parvinder Bains, Ricardo A. Ballarin, Wensley J. Ban, Lisa A. Bealle, Karen E. Beishuizen, David Biln, Janice L. Birch, Ivana Bisaro, Jennifer D. Bishop, Heather K. Black, Justin M. Borsato, Allison L. Bourne, Celeste L. Boyes, Paul H. Brewer, Paul A. Bruno, Gary R. Buntain, Cheryl E. Butters, Kevin L. Campbell, Holly M. Chalmers, Kristine L. Chambers, Alexander W. Charles, Jared M. Chartrand, Bobby B. Cheema, Tracy D. Chow, Sean J. Clements, Ian J. Close, Matthew A. Coley, Marnie E. Conklin, James A. Cooper, Lana Cooper, Jennifer M. Cowan, Darryl N. Craig, Tessa J. Cunningham, Paul J. Dailly, Kristina J. Dallas, Alyssa D. Daniells, Simon C. Darnell, Vanessa L. Davies, Claire M. Davis, Tamela D. Davison, Shannon D. Deacon, Phillip Deeks, Chantelle J. Desharnais, Aman P. Dhaliwal, Harjinder S. Dhaliwal, Erik E. Dier, Shannon B. Donohoe, Lisa A. Dournovo, Stuart Doyle, Nicole A. Driscoll, Marie-Laure R. Drivod, Sean E. Dukes, Michelle C. Dykstra, Jonathan W. Edmondson, Heather Edmonstone, Karin J. Emond, Stephen Epp, Mark Ernsting, Jack A. Fieldhouse, Mark D. Freeman, Brandy L. Friesen, Delia C. Fung, Gerard P. Garcia, Jennifer A. Garden, Gillian L. Garland, Nikola U. Girke, Brandy-Lee Graham, Darrell A. Graham, Janie I. Groombridge, Stephen J. Hall, Nadeen D. Halls, Dave Haluska, Laurie J. Hamilton, Jeffrey K. Hart, Markus A. Hermann, Gillian A. Hicks, Robert C. Hindley, David J. Hobbs, Erica J. Holmes, Gillian E. Honeyman, Brent F. Jackson, Christopher G. Johnson, Brian R. Justin, Kara L. Kaese, Sandor Kardos, Alan A. Kaselj, Duane J. Keating, Jennifer L. Keefer, Bradley J. Kinoshita, Shelley A. Klopfenstein, Mark J. Kocaba, Joel K. Kryczka, Michael J. Kurz, Nicholas K. Kwan, Wendy W. Kwok, Jane M. Labreche, Robert D. Laing, Simon Lee, Amy M. Lefrancois, Conrad Leinemann, Denise P. Lejcar, Joyce H. Leung, Lara Lindal, Shannon L. Little, Shawn A. Lockhart, Jason C. Lui, Dana M. Lum, Susie B. Mabee, Tom J. MacDonald, Robin I. MacKenzie, Stephanie L. MacLellan, Christine L. Magee, Laura J. Magee, Lysanne Mak, Lori-Jane Mauger, Catherine A. McConachie, Meegan A. McGillivray, Jamie D. Mckaig, Lori A. McKinnon, Cindy M. McNeil,

The school acquires the Changing Aging program from the Department of Athletics and Recreation

2004

2008

2012

Bob Sparks becomes the sixth director of the School of Human Kinetics

A Co-op learning program is introduced for undergraduate students

School’s name changed to the School of Kinesiology

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 149

Dawn E. McNevin, Colin D. Meakin-Ballantyne, Deanna M. Melnick, Nicola L. Mey, William T. Meyer, Lindsay M. Miemban, David R. Miller, Eric D. Model, Kirsten L. Moe, Domenic Morra, Alyson H. Moser, Eugenia Mourelatos, Jonathan S. Muller, Christopher K. Nelson, Barbara Neuhold, Nathan J. Ngieng, Jeanie L. Ortis, Jeffrey J. Overgaard, Kara A. Palombi, Tony P. Papillo, Johanna D. Parker, Kelly D. Peters, Victoria K. Pettipiece, Lori E. Phillip, Jonathan B. Phillips, Shannon L. Price, Simon C. Quinto, Gillian B. Richardson, Ryan G. Robertson, Deena J. Rogers, Wendy J. Rogers, Izabela E. Rudol, Geoffrey D. Russell, Michael B. Ryan, Petros Samaris, Jason C. Scott, Shane K. Seal, Erin E. Sekulich, Marianne E. Smith, Leanne K. Sonoda, Nino N. Sose, Casey L. Souter, Tara D. Stevenson, Corey Stock, Kevin W. Stockdale, Tina L. Storey, Zhi Z. Su, Megan E. Sweatman, John B. Tang, Stephanie L. Tetzel, James W. Thompson, Craig D. Tokuno, Mark P. Tompkins, Werner Trono, Jason R. Tyler, Bryan G. Uyeda, Jessie S. Vaid, Jeff P. Vaughan, Milan Vracarevic, Michael L. Wall, Mark H. Walsh, Nela Walter, Les M. Waurynchuk, Stewart H. Weepers, Joanna E. Weiler, Angela L. Wellman, Robin Wiens, Elizabeth H. Wilcox, David W. Wilde, 1`, Steven M. Williams, Stephanie A. Williamson, Leah N. Wong-Moon, Derek V. Yap, Sei-Youn E. Yoon 1999 BRE Peter A. Cowley 1999 PhD Michael A. Khan, Yuanlong Liu, James T. McGarry, MA Paul M. Kennedy, Julie A. Long, MHK Christopher Blackman, Craig B. Cornell, Colleen A. Hannah, Tod D. Hanvey, Susan D. MacDonald, Jocelyn A. Santos, John C. Wang, MSc Michael E. Bodner, Michael R. Edwards, Heather L. Elliott, Trevor A. Hale, Andrea L. Kalda, Kevin R. McKim, Romolo F. Ranallo, Dale A. Tiessen, R. S. Warren, Tracy S. Warren 2000 BHK Jason W. Abrams, Genvieve N. Adams, David R. Adolph, Mario Amabile, Jonah Arnold, Robert S. Aver, Rashpal Bains, Jamie D. Baker, Lara L. Balkovec, Christoph D. Barber, Elizabeth A. Barber, Clayton G. Baylis, Jill C. Beauchamp, James A. Beck, Shaun M. Bennett, Leanne M. Bilodeau, Nathan P. Bingham, Adrian C. Bois, Michael-Don F. Borason, Karen E. Borsutzky, James G. Borthistle, Michael G. Bradshaw, Sara J. Briggs, Shelley C. Brown, Jonathan E. Bula, Brandye C. Calado, Jeffrey A. Calkins, Isla J. Cameron, David A. Campbell, James W. Campbell, Monique E. Campbell, Wiljo J. Captein, Tania S. Caron, Scott L. Carroll, Vincent K. Chan, Ryan Chang, Kithong Chansavang, Lyndsey J. Chauhan, Amy Y. Chen, Loren Z. Chiu, Wilson W. Chow, Nicole J. Christen, Jade N. Christian, Lindsay J. Clerkson, Gerald T. Cole, Merina D. Crowe, Sarah K. Cunningham, Darcy S. Deutscher, Lindsay E. Dickson, Barbara B. Doherty, Anil P. Dolan, Meghan G. Donaldson, Christine M. Dooling, James T. Douglas, Andrea L. Dufva, Heidi M. Dunkley, Robyn A. Dunn, Daniel P. Eriksson, Hideki D. Eto, Colin W. Farr, Erin L. Ferguson, Diane D. Furtado, James H. Gerrits, Michael D. Gerrits, Stephane N. Gervais-Harreman, Graham C. Gilbert, Stephanie A. Gin, Brayden K. Gordon, Joseph A. Graham, Anna-Lisa Granbois, Robert B. Grant, Karise J. Grummett, Michael E. Hall, John P. Hantke, Heidi R. Hennek, Renee E. Higgs, Ian S. Hilts, Alison L. Holmes, James J. Hooker, Kimberly M. Horvath, Susan L. Howard, Michael A. Hunt, Erin J. Hvidston, Kelly H. Imada, Stephen D. Jack, Rylan B. Jay, Raechel J. John, David D. Johnson, Ellen E. Keiser, Janet M. Kernachan, Barbara S. Kerr, Michael T. Kilpatrick, Amy V. Knezevich, Rechell Y. Lam, Jessica L. Lambright, Joanna S. Langley, Bree D. Lechasseur, Kate C. Lechleiter, Ching F. Lee, Keumju G. Lee, Shannon E. Lee, Lindy Leviton, Jennifer Lombardo, Vivian N. Lord, Erin D. Lynn, Joanna M. MacDonald, James D. Mack, Erica D. Mark, Nadia A. Martinelli, Caitlin E. Mason, Kelly A. McCallum, Kathryn A. McCulloch, Margaret E. McCulloch, Martha F. McKay, Kathryn McKenzie, Susan E. McLean, Tyler McRae, Todd R. Millway, Aaron R. Mittler, Alyssa C. Moffatt, Joseph-Michael Molloy, Michael J. Moody, Maria Morano, Sharisse C. Mortimore, Talitha R. Motola, Shyla A. Muckle, Clayton E. Munro, Heather C. Munroe, Paula D. Mussato, Alex J. Ng, Amanda Nichol, Megan R. Oakey, Jeff L. Orchard, Sonia P. Orenchuk, Linda A. Palm, Maleena Pardhan, John M. Pavao, Dean K. Pearce, Paulo J. Pequeno, Greg A. Poitras, Darren K. Pottle, Glen A. Purcell, Christopher M. Redding, Renata E. Reid, Kristin B. Renville, James M. Rice, Christopher D. Roberts, Matthew R. Robinson, Brooke K. Rollins, Linda T. Roseborough, Jason A. Ross, Steve Sacilotto, Navjinder S. Saran, Kevin D. Schalk, Heather L. Scheibal, Coral-Lei J. Schweigert, Robin Seekatz, Tanis E. Shippy, Julie A. Slater, Andrew J. Smith, Jennifer M. Smyth, Dennis S. So, Matthew M. Sol, Katrina A. Sovio, Jonathan D. Spence, Christiane A. Stach, Andrea E. Stamatakis, Marcie P. Stears, Katherine R. Steele, Shelley L. Sung, Titus J. Tam, Wing K. Tang, Steven H. Tautscher, Ian W. Taylor, Joline E. Taylor, Susan G. Thomas, Anna M. Topf, Christopher D. Torr, Ian M. Tosczak, Leanne D. Trotter, Robert J. Tubajon, Paul K. Turner, Robin D. Turner, Devon A. Tyler, Jennifer Valentine, Jeffrey K. Vallance, Sonja R. Vance, Ryan A. Ververgaert, Lindsay P. Waite, Jeremy A. Wallace, Steven J. Walters, Dwayne J. Washington, Kevin M. Watson, Jody L. Weightman, Kevin M. Wellsby, Carla G. Wilson, Sally L. Wilson, Kristin K. Woron, Bi-Hsuan D. Yu, Kevin M. Ziebart 2000 PhD Gavin D. Arthur, Moira A. Petit, A. William Sheel, MA Caroline Gagnon, Melissa L. Westgate 2000 MHK Ann M. Holmes, Blagovesta B. Ignatova, Pamela B. Pedlow, MSc Kelly S. Chu, Despina D. Frangolias, Andrea C. Hill, Garth S. Hunte, Terrence F. Laurence, Paul B. Laursen, Kelly S. Moore, Jennifer M. Robinson, Gareth J. Smith, Erica B. Sprules, Garry C. Tsang 2001 BHK Doren J. Aldana, Andrew A. Armour, Birgitta L. Baker, Kathryn E. Baker, Nicole A. Beaurivage, Simon S. Beckow, Jason D. Belonio, Julie D. Bennett, Robert B. Beveridge, Cameron I. Birtwell, William B. Boles, Travis D. Bond, Jeremy J. Brandlmayr, Marian S. Brlecic, Grant R. Brown, Kathy L. Buchanan, Sonia R. Cader, Tracy A. Caturay, Darren Y. Chan, Donna B. Chang, Kari E. Chase, Stephen Chow, Carla J. Clapton, Erik S. Coatta, Elizabeth A. Conner, Myles T. Constable, Ashley L. Cooper, Thomas J. Craik, Amanda M. Da Silva, Claudine L. Da Silva, Bryce R. Demoline, Aliya Dhanani, Caroline P. Dickson, Navnit A. Dosanjh, Josh Douglas, Neal B. Duford, Michael J. Dunning, Mike Ediger, Pasley J. Edmonds, Amelia L. Eleiter, Jonathan C. Fast, Danielle E. Fennell, Linda Finch, Dari Y. Fisher, Dylan B. Frederickson, Cheryl L. Fulcher, Joe G. Garcea, Cary J. Gaynor, Graham L. Gillies, Thomas N. Grell, Chad W. Grimm, Leo A. Groenewegen, Janice C. Hanan, Christina A. Harasymek, Sandesh S. Hayer, Kelly E. Henderson, Shona Hennessey, Katherine E. Hepburn, Dustin P. Hersee, Josephine C. Hetyei, Valerie H. Ho, Jennifer A. Hovanes, Alannah M. Howard, Kim M. Howe, Amanpreet P. Hundal, Jhaleh Imani Ardekani, Joseph T. Jamieson, Bijan Jiany, Shauna L. Johnston, Daniel D. Jones, Michelle S. Jones, Naomi K. Kajiwara, Tracy L. Kang, Roselyn J. Kraft, Aaron D. Krantz, Kolin W. Kriitmaa, Kevin G. Kundarewich, Carmen O. Lange, Kylie J. Langille, Michael J. Lanyon, Dana L. Lawrence, Kelly Ledbrook, Alyson A. Leith, Michael P. Leo, Katrina L. Lewis, Douglas J. Litke, Charles B. Loewen, Catharine A. Lowe, Craig J. Lumsden, Tania N. Lurie, Brenna M. Lynn, Ariel-Ann Lyons, Adrienne L. MacDonald, Brooke E. MacDonald, Deborah A. MacDonald, Kristin A. Macdonald, Melanie A. Magnusson, Tara A. Mauro, Melisa A. Mayer, Alexander R. Mayfield, Jacob G. McCallum, Maija A. McCauley, Brian J. McClung, Colin B. McCubbin, Andrea L. McEwen, Tim D. McGowan, Davina L. McKaig, Martin T. McKay, Fiona C. McKinlay, Jeffrey P. Meville, Nicole A. Mezzarobba Ford, Laura E. Middleton, Tresa D. Montanari, Matthew R. Morrow, Andrew R. Mukai, Lara G. Mussell Savage, Sarah M. Nicholls, Bobby T. Nishi, Lori J. Nishi, Keiko Nitta, Kevin S. Olesen, Trevor J. Osborne, Atila Ozkaplan, Harpal K. Pabla, Kristina A. Paech, Alex Pang, Vanessa H. Paquet, Stephanie E. Philipp, Stephan M. Pocekovic, Riva L. Pollard, Lorraine M. Pond, Cathy P. Poole, Kalina G. Popova, Brett H. Price, David K. Price, Zoey E. Rabinovitz, Tanya L. Readhead, Jamie C. Rempel, Fraser S. Renard, Lara K. Riben, Jennifer C. Richards, Amber L. Robertson, Duncan M. Robertson, Tyler W. Russell, Carrie M. Schulthess, Heather D. Schurman, Lisa A. Shannon, Dean C. Shiels, Andrea P. Shoemaker, Jodie Smith, Ian Y. So, Mark E. Stanton, Monica L. Staveley, Brent R. Stevenson, Ryan W. Stevenson, Kristy L. Strocher, Katalin U. Szirony, Thomas M. Thomas, Steven M. Toth, Colin A. Toupin, Thanh-Hai Tran, Laura J. Turner, Lindsay J. Vanstone, Tonia M. Vipler, Leon O. Vlek, Benjamin T. Watson, Caroline E. Waugh, Peter B. Webb, Melissa Wells, Marla F. Wilson, Ruby Wong, Lesley C. Worbets, Richard K. Yan, Kevin S. Yang, Rafal J. Zydowicz 2001 PhD Shelina A. Babul, Michael I. Garry, Nicola J. Hodges, Gunter P. Siegmund, MA Jasmine R. Northcott, Beth L. Pinnington 2001 MHK Kevin Antonishen, Amanda J. Butler, Alexander Schiebel 2001 MSc Sam J. Brovender, Jennifer A. Ibbotson, Jane M. Labreche 2002 BHK Katayoun Afshin-Monfared, Michelle T. Ahoy, Shawn D. Anderson, Benjamin Aprim, Marilyn Araujo, Shana C. Arden, Alison G. Arthurs, Kyle J. Bangen, Jennifer A. Barley, Sherry Barrett, Samara R. Bassett, Kristen T. Bennett, Marcia Bennett, Heidi A. Biggers, Maria N. Bissada, Laurie K. Block, Jamie M. Bond, Carmen E. Bott, Charmene L. Brewer, Kristi J. Brewer, Jason P. Bristow, Darrell G. Brown, Jason W. Brown, Wing K. Chan, Yun Cheung, Johnson Chiu, Chris V. Colgan, Abigail Y. De Leon, Ryan M. Deacon, Morgan A. Dean, Marcia J. Denhoed, Margot C. Deveault, Amie L. Dmytryshyn, Ramneek R. Dosanjh, Cale L. Dougans, Jennifer B. Dowdeswell, Erica M. Dragani, Michelle J. Duck, Kathryn Duke, Heather M. Dupuis, Andrea B. Edwards, Albert Y. Ezaki, Adam L. Faris, Ashley M. Fell, Laura J. Finan, Tanya R. Foley, Virginia M. Ford, Glen E. Foster, Sarah N. Fournier, Allison M. Francis, Isabelle M. French, Stephanie D. Frew, Andrew Fyfe, Tanya Genovese, Jennifer N. Goepel, Damian L. Gorman, Tournesol Gregory, Jaksun R. Grice, Rob T. Hall, Greg P. Hallifax, Elizabeth N. Hansen, Ann M. Harada, Erin A. Heinrichs, Patrick N. Hennelly, Rosalyn A. Hicks, Chris Hildebrand, Cheryl L. Hill, Emily R. Hirsch, Janny Ho, Sara L. Hodson, Melissa J. Hungerford, Lorenzo M. Iameo, Cynthia Ihekwoaba, Jason K. Jang, Daniella N. Janzen, Angela F. Johnson, Elna Johnson, Clinton S. Johnston, Kirsten B. Jorgensen, Kelly J. Jowett, Jennifer E. Kadgien, Anastasios Kanavos, Aaron Keay, Stephanie D. Keay, Melina L. Kelly, Shawn M. Klein, Susan I. Kochan, Jennifer L. Koentges, Steven C. Kotzo, Keith Krieger, Michael V. Laracy, Angela J. Lattimer, Michael D. Lazaruk, Ryan R. Leclair, Evelyn Lee, Jennifer J. Leong, Paul L. Leong, Rya S. Letham, Kaitlin L. Lilley, Christina L. Littlejohn, Peter Loland, David I. Lopez, Christy Louth, Kendra L. Low, Graham F. Maglio, Nickolas B. Mah, Dean L. Maion, Katherine Marston, Keith M. Martinsen, Amy Y. Maryshack, Ben C. Mayan, Tracy L. McElhinney, Andrew L. McSherry, Monica C. Meier, Anne B. Morrison, Shane J. Mummery, Kulwant S. Nagra, Tatsuya Nakagawa, Sabrina H. Newfeld, Amber M. Nixon, Peter J. Nuij, Kyle Nystad, Kurtis R. Olineck, Andrew C. Pacey, Christina L. Palmer, Alison J. Paterson, Michelle H. Petzold, Shane J. Pizzey, Sandra T. Plecko, Adam J. Plummer, Larissa N. Pollard, Nicolle Pozniak, Cameron M. Prentice, Hossein S. Radjinia, Erin D. Reed, Stacy A. Reykdal, Ian C. Robertson, Stuart D. Robertson, Leahora Rotteau, Daniel R. Rutledge, Hedieh Safiyari, Nicoletta E. Scott,

July 8, 2015 – Musqueam artist Brent Sparrow's autobiographic panel carving, The Journey, is dedicated to the school at a reception to welcome Rob Boushel

150 :: MINDS AND MOTION

2014

2015

September 2, 2014 – A piece of malachite acquired by the school for ceremonial use is dedicated at the Imagine Day welcome ceremony as the Kin Stone

Rob Boushel becomes the seventh director of the school.

Nicholas J. Seddon, Charlene A. Sedrovic, Shannon C. Seid, Lucas O. Serres, Felix K. Seto, Alison N. Sharpe, Shahina Shivji, Jodi K. Simon, Colin P. Smith, Kirstie Smith, Melissa L. Sowles, Margaret A. Stadnek, Manjit S. Sujan, Vayla Tagney, Michael Z. Tan, Greg A. Taylor, Sarah C. Tennant, Alison I. Thomas, Jennifer L. Turner, Mark A. Twyford, Kevin A. Vasconcelos, Romana Vuk, Jennifer R. Waddell, Krista Walden, Xanna Waugh, Michael P. Webb, Cavanagh Whitely, Anthony M. Willmot, Rebecca A. Wilson, Scott H. Wilson, Steven R. Wilson, Vanessa H. Wong, Dionne A. Woodward, Alice F. Yee, Robert A. Young 2002 PhD Leah R. Bent, Kerry J. MacKelvie O’Brien, Il H. Park, Colleen J. Reid, Ian B. Stewart, Carissa E. Wells 2002 MA Ann C. Muscat 2002 MHK Sarah F. Bradley, Weldon Cheung, Marc-Olivier Dagenais, Hashmuk Kanjee, Nicole M. Mulligan, Jacalyne A. Sherlock, MSc Kristin L. Campbell, Meghan G. Donaldson, Christopher A. Johnston, Meghan H. McDonough, Paul Nagelkerke, Jeremy J. Rezmovitz, Michael B. Ryan, Sara K. Sturrock, Craig D. Tokuno 2003 BHK Alexina C. Alexander, Alexina C. Alexander, David D. Amram, Courtney J. Ash, Andria F. Azevedo, Sian A. Bagshawe, Jeryd Baines, Pavandeep Bains, Ashley S. Baker, Steven A. Bates, Susan E. Baxter, Steven C. Bentley, Jennifer M. Bergstrom, Stephany A. Berinstein, Leanne M. Bobroske, Tanya L. Booth, Daniel J. Bos, Carrie L. Bourne, Carly A. Brogan, Ryan L. Brown, Zoe M. Brown, Nelson Bulhoes, Andrea L. Burr, Jeffrey P. Caldwell, Meghan Callaway, Rosilyn M. Cameron, Ceren Caner, Jennifer E. Carter, Gian F. Cavaliere, Ryan P. Cawsey, Paramjot S. Chauhan, Joanna P. Cheek, Melissa L. Cheevers, Peter C. Chiswell, Rudy C. Chow, Christopher R. Clapton, Darin J. Cohen, Byron J. Collyer, Cam Comeau, Catherine E. Coombe, Robert P. Corcoran, Herbert Cruz, Sara E. Cummings, Isabelle J. Czerveniak, Cristofer D’Angelo, Amaninder S. Dhaliwal, Stephen W. Dickinson, Robert A. Donnan, Erica L. Dufva, Kathryn E. Dunn, Susannah A. Duvall, Juliana Elliott, Dustin J. Ellsworth, Grant Evans, Andrea L. Farquhar, James J. Fernandes, Lisa D. Findlay, Timothy D. Findlay, Karen E. Foan, Shawn D. Forde, Aaron L. Frampton, Jacqueline D. Fraser, Dee A. Gelinas, William Ghoucassian, Alana R. Giesbrecht, Natalie F. Goncalves, Trisha A. Goodman, Christopher T. Graham, Joel B. Grant, Ryan A. Green, Milwina W. Guzman, Daniel J. Haggart, Jillian N. Hales, Jody L. Hanninen, Michael D. Harris, Travis T. Hawton, Greg G. Hayes, Allison L. Henning, Benjamin V. Herman, Natalie M. Hodge, Peter A. Hodson, Christopher G. Hope, Heather E. Huntingford, Stefan J. Iorio, Owen O. Jones, Matthew C. Kittleson, Charlotte E. Klein, Janessa J. Knapton, Drew A. Knight, Sarah E. Kocaba, Carla N. Krentz, Josephine Kwan, Sharlene B. Label, Tom J. Langdon, Kent P. Laubman, Daniele Lazzari, Aaron J. Leblanc, Anne L. Lee, Grace Lee, Catherine A. Lefler, Heather C. Lennox, Suzanne R. Leslie, Gavin H. Leung, Patrick F. Li, Jai D. Lok, Catherine A. L’Orsa, Jennifer A. Luccock, Jason L. Malott, Vanessa L. Martino, Kirsten L. Mason, Courtenay L. Matheson, Michael P. Maxwell, Trevor R. Mazurek, Stephen P. McCauley, Heather E. McEwen, Suzanne L. McKee, Ashlee J. Meredith, Sava Miljanic, Soren Milligan, Jacqueline C. Moffatt, Kara D. Morgan, Michele M. Morin, Mellissa Murakami, Jennifer C. Mutch, Kimberly B. Neiszner, Thinh T. Nguyen, Shannon K. Nichols, Julia E. Nickerson, Sylvio F. Pasqua, Scott O. Pettipiece, Lindsay K. Phelps, Sarah A. Powell, Bryan H. Quan, Amanda J. Rabb, Liana Ranallo, Eric A. Regis, Meagan E. Roberge, Kyla K. Rotzien, Sean U. Saccone, Benjamin A. Sansburn, Rani Saoud, Joanna K. Schild, Kris R. Schjelderup, Martin Schoenberg, Christina W. Sequeira, Kathleen E. Sewell, Erin M. Shade, Trevor M. Shuto, Biljana Sikimic, Devika Singh, William P. Skytte, Kelly A. Smith, Lindsay E. Smith, Elizabeth O. Snider, Eric N. So, Meagan T. Sol, Sean R. Soper, Leah K. Stadelmann, Shannon L. Sullivan, Alison J. Sum, Ryan J. Taylor, Adrian D. Tees, Angie D. Tilton, Todd S. Toothill, Michiko C. Tsukada, Chad A. Tuck, Zach A. Tulloch, Gradin D. Tyler, Shauna L. Underwood, Boris Vuchen, Kathryn E. Warburton, Jakub T. Wasiela, Chris R. Weaver, Stephanie O. Weller, James W. Wendland, Colleen C. Wigham, David E. Williams, Michael Williams, Michael C. Wilson, Karen P. Winkler, Cheryl M. Woods, Jennifer L. Worobetz, Jeffrey B. Yip, Allan C. Yuet 2003 PhD Katherine M. Babiak, Sharleen D. Hoar 2003 MA Edward W. Alexander, Ellexis Boyle, Tony N. Carlsen, Simon C. Darnell, MHK Alla V. Krivchun, Michael P. Leo, Shawn A. Lockhart, Nicole S. Miller, Ashwin Prasad, Rohan Y. Roy, Paul C. Skarsgard 2003 MSc Michael A. Hunt, Brenna M. Lynn, Leslie A. MacLean, Meaghan MacNutt, Dana N. Maslovat, Jonathan D. Mills, Teri L. Padgett, Angeliki Perdios, Jennifer C. Richards, Adam Schwartz, Alexander Scott, Ian W. Taylor, Peter L. Yeung 2004 BHK Lisa D. Accardo, Julie Adair, Nick Altieri, Andrew J. Arnold, Sarah R. Arscott, Curtis R. Atkinson, Tarinder P. Atwal, Rosan G. Auyeung, Kate J. Backie, Krista M. Bailie, Gregory G. Bainbridge, William T. Baker, Catherine M. Bateman, Thomas J. Beaupre, Amanda J. Beers, Dallas Bittner, Alexandra E. Bogues, Kristin J. Bond, Jennifer R. Bonikowsky, Brent E. Braeder, Megan A. Braeder, Karen K. Bromley, Meghan C. Brooke, Leonard Brotherston, Leah D. Browning, Kirstin M. Brunke, Craig D. Burnham, Andrea Bustillo, Robert L. Cameron, Christopher M. Cathcart, Monique M. Charbonneau, Benjamin E. Chimes Somers, Glen W. Chow, Lori H. Chow, Mariko J. Chow, Elsa Chung, Michael A. Cleary, Jennifer M. Corrigan, Bradley J. Cote, Lindsay A. Cox, Meghan J. Crawford, Liese M. Dagenais, Matthew A. Deeter, Leon E. Denenfeld, Patrick J. Dessaulles, Poonam Dhillon, Tu T. Diep, Jake E. Dudley, Elizabeth S. Dylke, Raymond Eng, Genevieve J. Ennis, Rachelle Ferguson, Edward C. Fong, Jennifer S. Foster, Meghan J. Fraser, Efrat Gal-Or, Natalie R. Gangemi, Manpreet M. Garcha, Kathryn N. Gardiner, Dawn C. Gaunt, Christopher Ghini, Matthew M. Giuliani, Michael P. Gomes, Jared E. Granville-Martin, Jordan A. Guenette, Sophia D. Ha, Audrey Haboosheh, Aki M. Hamakawa, Celeste J. Hamilton, Chris D. Harkness, Anne M. Harris, Nabih Hawa, Meghan Hawkshaw, Jenna L. Haylock, Jacquie Hill, Kevin T. Hirose, Tracey L. Hladchuk, Chris J. Hodges, Darcy R. Hoff, Elizabeth K. Hoff, Jana E. Holbrook, Dior T. Holmes, Behnad Honarbakhsh, Leslie T. Horita, Andrew S. Horvath, Alexandra Howard, Kevin I. Huang, Richard Huggins, Davina Hussain, Zachery S. Hutchison, Karen R. Ilg, Margaret A. Irwin, Kristine L. Jack, Megan E. Johnston, Naomi J. Kawabata, Chandan K. Khaira, Warren Ko, Jacky Koo, Richard E. Kozak, Kevin J. Kung, Tyler C. Kuntz, Tuyet-Linh T. Lam, Ian C. Lampshire, Paul A. Lazarus, Fred M. Ledlin, Jim Leong, Christopher Leonidas, Raymond A. Lewis, Pak T. Li, Pearl Ling, Kevin Loades, Courtenay A. Lot, Edmond Ma, Jill M. Macgillivray, Matthew J. MacGregor, Michael S. MacNab, Kelly A. Magnuson, Danielle B. Mah, Jama Mahlalela, Carla G. Manantan, Anne-Marie Marte, Andrea M. Martens, Neil E. Martin, Carrie L. Matheson, Paul K. McDonald, Jennifer L. McFarland, Gordon D. McGeachy, Lesley C. McKenzie, Jason McLachlan, Tasha McRae, Greg T. Monroe, Julie R. Morin, Neil W. Morrison, Janice L. Moss, Erica L. Mueller, Rob C. Murray, Shoko Nagai, Jyotika Naidu, Sarah A. Nannery, Mark C. Neeve, Anders P. Nordby, Chad A. Oatway, Jennifer D. Oatway, Robert F. O’Brien, Lisa M. Oviatt, Andre J. Parfeniuk, Albert Park, Isaac E. Payne, Mon Jef Peeters, Jaclyn L. Penner, Matthew P. Petzold, Daisy Pineda Klenk, Kimberly E. Pistak, Tyron R. Piteau, Graeme D. Poole, Jennifer L. Poole, Robert J. Puharich, Frank G. Quarto, Michael C. Raposki, Bryce T. Recsky, Sarah K. Regan, Matthew J. Reid, Heidi E. Richter, Lance R. Roberts, Paul G. Roberts, Sarah N. Rogers, Craig V. Rollins, Peter Rose, Emily Ross, James M. Rowan, Vikrum Roycombough, Deborah Ru, Nicholas M. Saranchuk, Janine M. Scodellaro, Kelley Scott, Alia C. Shah, Stacey A. Shand, Sophia O. Shankar, Naman N. Sinha, Hon Y. So, Patrick G. Spencer, Wade A. Stevenson, Nicole M. Sullivan, Elaine Y. Sum, Rebecca M. Swan, Harpreet Tamber, Casey M. Taylor, John B. Temesi, Jennifer P. Tham, Kenneth J. Thiesen, Jennifer L. Thomas, Kylene N. Trask, Adam R. Tuerlings, Nicole M. Tull, Shannon M. Turriff, Andrea Ullmann, Sundeep S. Uppal, Glenn A. Urquhart, Arlene C. Uy, Christie F. Vairo, Izabela I. Wasiela, Carrie M. Watts, Kinga K. Wdowiak, Erin R. Weathermon, Cynthia A. Weizmann, Jill M. Wellman, Nicole A. Widsten, Ryan P. Wiskar, Gary Wong, Kristeen M. Wurtele, Zachary J. Yeomans, Rochelle E. Youngberg, Joanna Zervas 2004 PhD Sangwoo Bae, Shannon S. Bredin, Darcye J. Cuff, Larena N. Hoeber, Paul M. Kennedy, Teresa Y. Liu-Ambrose, MA Andrew G. Clements, Ying Fan, Valerie Hadd, Shannon L. Jette, Wendy L. Ladner-Beaudry, Sydney N. Millar, MHK Brian R. Justin, Kolin W. Kriitmaa, Marsha A. Kwasnicki 2004 MSc Jonathan E. Bula, Minetaro V. Naruki-Van Velzen, Atila Ozkaplan, Allison Salter, Andrea P. Shoemaker, Natalie Vanicek 2005 BHK Joseph J. Alexis, Mya E. Alissandra, Richard A. Alvarez, Ashley L. Ambrosio, Erica L. Anderson, Scott T. Apperley, Zachary B. Atkinson, Brock Y. Aura, Mandeep K. Bains, Elizabeth A. Ballard, Dikla Bartfeld, Lindsay J. Bassett, Joseph L. Breda, Nathan R. Brown, Candice J. Brunham, Michael D. Burge, Courtney Burgess, Anya Calame, Danielle R. Calbick, James E. Cameron, Anthony N. Carabetta, Matthew E. Celuszak, Jonathan K. Chan, Carly B. Charach, Joseph Cheng, Laurie-Ann Cheng, Eric Cheong, Krystina A. Cheong, Samuel Cheung, Byron P. Chiang, Frederick Y. Chiang, Callan Chin, Stanley E. Chiu, Heather H. Chu, Linda Chu-Chow, Rachelle L. Cloarec, Shannon K. Collier, Michael J. Colson, Ryan C. Cook, Jaclyn M. Cross, Laura Cullen, Monica M. Damiano, David W. Daniels, Amy L. Danko, Jessie A. Deutsch, Steven R. Di Tomaso, Marinda A. Dickey, Derek W. Dinelle, April V. Dobie, Sundeep S. Dosanjh, Jamie L. Dovedoff, Daniel R. Dragert, Sean M. Dyck, John T. Dykstra, Robyn D. English, Nicole C. Erickson, Caroline E. Fair, Dorothea J. Faulkner, Giuseppe Filippelli, Timothy B. Findlay, Jason R. Fisher, Willy Y. Fung, Shannon N. Galway, David F. Gaudet, Kevan J. Gaull, Joel A. Gibson, Julie M. Gilmore, Nicola S. Gilmore, Lindsay G. Goodridge, Mason M. Gratto, Elliot Grundmanis, Susan Hally, Erica M. Hanson, Jennifer S. Hanson, Naomi N. Hanson, Sadie L. Harvey, Dawn M. Hendrickson, Julia A. Hlynsky, Neil S. Holmes, Maralyn Hope, Matthew G. Howard, Anna C. Huebert, Jaeger Hunter, Aaron L. Iverson, Jeffrey Iwanaka, Kathleen E. Jeanes, Jodie M. Jeffery, Hilary Judd, Andrea D. Jung, Sarah Kadi, Patricia Kayne, Gregory T. Kirk, Whitney G. Kucey, Ian Lawson, Christopher S. Laxton, John D. Lazzer, Faye A. Lee, Jill K. Leitz, Roger A. Leroux, Jason W. Lew, Tyler J. Linn, Erin J. Longman, Jocelyn C. Lu, Colleen D. Ma, Jamie K. MacDonell, Caitlin G. Manery, Amanda L. Marchi, Biljana Maric, Stephanie Matkovich, Callum McBride, Meghan D. McCarthy, Tara J. McCormick, Colleen N. McDonald, Mark F. McDonald, Stephen V. McGinley, Hayley McGowan, Meghan E. McQuaid, Sarah McQueen, Bradley Mignault, Katie N. Millar, Tina Minhas, Jobin Mojtabavi, Andrea Moschetti, Ryan K. Murray, Melissa R. Neall, Kari Negraiff, Matthew C. Nelson, Shawn T. O’Brien, Michael J. O’Gorman, Martin G. Owen, Sandra L. Pafundi, Ashley L. Panton, Derick M. Pariag, Julie W. Park, Jennifer L. Paul, Samuel J. Payne, Tarah-Lynne E. Pearce, Genelle E. Peloquin, Andre J. Perret, Kelly E. Perrott, Rawinder S. Puni, Brian M. Pusic, Marie-France Rancourt, Keith A. Ray, Tyler A. Regan, Adam C. Roberts, Michael E. Robinson, Meaghan D. Rollins, Micah D. Rossnagel, James J. Rouleau, Chris A. Rowland, Jennifer L. Salt, Tejinder Sanghera, Bethany R. Saunders, Carlyann S. Scarr, Inderpal S. Sehmbi, Kara D. Shannon, Allison M. Simons, Stephanie M. Snow, Brendan M. Starling, Merryn E. Sturgess, Nathan A. Sung, Stephanie J. Tam, Andrea R. Taylor, Kelsey K. Thompson, Jason P. Thorne, Jaime L. Tilkov, Sheila M. Townsend, Bertram J. Tucker, Lorraine A. Urbano, James P. Van Damme, Darryl J. Vanderark, Stephanie L. Vanneste, Jonathan D. Vondette, Michael P. Vranjes, Geoff M. Waterman, Peter D. Wauthy, Kirk M. Weiss, Dana N. Wiebe, Michael B. Wightman, Lindsay N. Williams, Brock J. Wilson, Meredith J. Wilson, Kathleen E. Wirtanen, Davida L. Witala, James S. Wolfenden, Bradley R. Wong, Curtis Wong, Mike C. Wong, Beng H. Yeoh, Rebecca B. Yeoman, Robert J. Zeilstra, Antonio A. Zivanovic 2005 MA Lina B. Augaitis, Chunhui M. Bi, Meridith B. Griffin, Tammy M. Shubat, Erica D. Woekel, Xinquan S. Yang, MHK Michael Allina, Jaclyn A. Madill 2005 MSc Ashley S. Baker, Pierre-Michel Bernier, Brendan D. Cameron, Astrid-Marie De Souza, Ben T. Esch, Glen E. Foster, Sarah J. Lusina, Hedieh Safiyari, Jessica M. Scott, Suzanne Tingley 2006 BHK Kimberley E. Allan, Trevor S. Alto, Salvatore Ambrosio, Marlena S. Anderson, Daria A. Arnold, Michael H. Averill, Elizabeth S. Bain, Shazeen Batada, Bethlena R. Bates, Melanie Beaulieu, Gillian E. Bentall, Maria A. Bewcyk, Patricia E. Bird, Jason J. Birring, Jennifer E. Black, Elizabeth M. Bonham, Matthew J. Brabbins, Akaisha K. Brietkopf, Jason Brooks, Erica A. Brown, James B. Bruce, Katrina Burgon, Adam D. Campbell, Jamie A. Campbell, Alisa M. Carey, Kristen J. Carpenter, Sheena A. Carson, Carmelea Casimiro, Shelley L. Chalmers, Wylie Chan, Beau S. Chapman, Teresa K. Cheng, Hazel C. Choi, Isaac C. Chong, Lisa A. Chose, Vicky W. Chou, Daniel Cino, Taylor G. Clift, Cameron B. Coatta, Sean S. Corbett, Lindsay E. Cross, Tristan B. Crowther, Bryce A. Danek, Christopher E. Daum, Allison L. De Boer, Michael A. De Santis, Jennifer A. Dean, Keith G. Dillabough, Laura A. Dinsmore, Crosby P. Dorais, Elizabeth L. Dorais, Jenni E. Dorward, Micheal S. Dufresne, Rylan M. Duggan, Kristina D. Dyk, Caitlin K. Ebbehoj, Janelle E. Eisler, Nicole I. Elfring, Andrew G. Evans, Dianna F. Filippelli, Laura M. Foster, Robyn J. Garon, Stephanie N. Gatto, Jesse Godwin, Cristine A. Grant, Michael J. Grant, Pascal A. Gray, Cameron Griffiths, Nina E. Grude, Elizabeth C. Guy, Stephen Y. Hancock, David N. Harris, Stephanie A. Haug, Julie A. Headdon, Russell G. Heggie, Sean R. Hepple, Colleen J. Higgins, Jennifer M. Hoag, Jeffrey D. Hodgson, Cyrus G. Huang, Don A. Jabillo, John-David W. Jackson, Michaela C. Jamieson, Noorie A. Javer, Amarjot S. Johal, Bryn L. Johnson, Kelsea M. Johnston, Paul D. Jones, Monique B. Jongkind, Vanya Jongkind, Jisun Kang, Aimee D. Kapil, Darren R. Karpluk, Miki C. Kawahara, Julieta N. Kawas, Megan Kaytor, Grant C. Kendell, Julia L. Kennett, Casey J. Kingman, Bianca M. Knop, Melina S. Kurtakis, Lisa S. Kwiatkowski, Jordan G. Laker, Jennifer K. Lam, Rebecca H. Lam, Colleen E. Lambert, Rebecca S. Langer, Tina G. Lau, Kathleen A. Lawrence, Robert G. Lazar, Timothy R. Le Bas De Plumetot, Jason W. Lee, Shaun M. Lemke, Gabriella R. Leung,

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 151

Angela R. Levesque, Tyler Little, Carolyn Lochhead, Bryan C. Lockless, Jennifer Lopez, Jessica L. Lui, Alexis Lum, Niko E. Marcina, Michelle Mark, Daniel P. Marquardt, Carly M. Martin, Janet L. Martyn, Bryce H. McEwan, Raina M. McGee, Janine A. McKay, James McLaren, Anna J. McLean, Jessica L. McLeod, Matthew J. McMahon, Nikesh Mehta, Brian P. Meier, David D. Metcalfe, Maya T. Miguel, Laura G. Mikulec, Robert M. Miller, Amrit K. Minhas, Barbara N. Morrison, Christina N. Munton, Kate L. Naphtali, Natasha J. Negrin, Joshua A. Neumann, Jia J. Ng, Fawn M. Ngo, Susan Nguyen, Alison M. Nichols, Elizabeth Nider, Kathleen M. O’Connor, Erin C. Olmstead, Brian M. Park, Alison A. Pasemko, Jonathan Pastrano, Amy Pezzente, Christopher M. Phillips, Amanda N. Piljek, Julia Pilliar, Laura J. Pitt, Nancy J. Plechaty, Kristy L. Powell, Darren A. Prentice, Matthew J. Regan, Shauna A. Reilly, Devon S. Richards, Emma M. Russell, Anit Sandhu, Ryan M. Schaffrick, Jennifer R. Secret, Christy R. Sept, Julia I. Shcherbakova, Ali Shebani, Adrienne Sim, Jeff R. Skinner, Jordan S. Smith, Jonathan J. Starling, Carmen S. Steele, Morgan Stefaniuk, Kelly A. Stefanyshyn, Arli J. Stephens, Whitney E. Stranks, Shawn R. Stroh, Sherilyn J. Swayne, Natalie Taha, Hannah C. Tan, Catherine J. Taylor, Haley M. Taylor, Serena K. Third, Sean C. Tobin, Simone E. Tomczak, Andrea E. Tonner, Gagandeep Toor, Tara Trethewey, Patrick C. Tung, Kirsten A. Uyesugi, Danielle M. Van Huizen, Michael G. Vastardis, John C. Visser, Duncan A. Walker, Kerstin Wallbrecht, Ariel Ward, Mark S. Watson, Tanner C. Wellington, Christine White, Jason A. Wilkinson, Alyssa L. Wilson, Lucy M. Winzerling, Brittany A. Wong, Elisa W. Wong, Jerry Wong, Michelle Wong, Sally Wong, Stephen P. Wong, Craig N. Wrotniak, Kieran P. Young, Patricia R. Zaleski, Pantea Zarinkamar, Panagiotis P. Zerbinos 2006 PhD Alastair N. Hodges, Michael S. Koehle, Heather M. MacDonald, Sunita Mathur, Meghan H. McDonough, Catherine M. Sabiston, MA Lyndsay M. Hayhurst, Tamara D. Lawrence, Bradley J. Millington, Clayton E. Munro, Subha Ramanathan, Janna K. Taylor, MHK Nina K. Schwab, MSc Carmen E. Bott, Kirstin M. Brunke, Justin R. Davis, Jordan A. Guenette, Melanie Y. Lam 2007 BHK Tracy J. Adams, Teresa L. Agar, Andrew S. Ahlsten, Gurpreet N. Ahluwalia, Makoto A. Aihara, Khalid Alibhai, Patrick J. Allard, Melissa A. Allingham, Marco Aquila, Casey B. Archibald, Eric C. Baldwin, Teryn A. Barr, Travis R. Barr, Stephen T. Bell-Irving, Jamie L. Benham, Jessica A. Berman, Nathan L. Beveridge, Kelly L. Bigelow, Jason K. Bingley, Cristyl M. Birk, Stacey M. Blanchet, Alexandra I. Bouharevich, Candice M. Bridge, Darren W. Brow, Michael A. Buchan, Julia T. Budd, Alena R. Burke, Christine J. Campbell, Mario B. Campese, Catherine R. Chan, Blair E. Chapman, Wilson Ching, Jennifer L. Chu, Louis Q. Chung, Tommy Q. Chung, Christina M. Coletti, Jacqueline M. Collins, Brian Condon, Julian S. Cooper, Genevieve A. Cordonier, Lisa M. Cornish, Kathleen M. Cox, Melissa Crowe, Allison M. Cumbridge, Shawn R. Dahl, Christopher J. Dakin, Danielle D. Dallman, Ashlie I. DeJong, Kate M. del Rosario, Jaymes T. Dimmock, Jeremy Douglas, Robert S. Douglas, Eamonn S. Duignan, Dorothy V. Dunphy, Travis J. Duquette, Christopher A. Edwards, Lindsay N. Elder, Blake C. Erickson, Alison M. Esser, Ali Faour, Eva Filcova, Michael C. Frampton, Leonard N. Freeman, Lindsay D. Freeman, Hirono Fukazawa, Marcia J. Fukunaga, Sonia H. Gadtke, Robert J. Gallaugher, Amy Garthwaite, Chris J. Gaudry, Tiphanie K. Ge, Bryan J. Geary, Cristina Gecolea, Stephane E. Gervais, Katie Gibson, Teresa J. Gomm, Erin M. Gorman, Paul J. Granat, Blane W. Grann, Renee M. Gregerson, Chad W. Grisdale, Alycia Hall, Laura M. Hamilton, Chelsea A. Hampton-Windblad, Danielle M. Harkies, Matthew R. Harriman, Ryan P. Harris, Courtney L. Heise, Christine N. Henderson, Marc R. Henly, Michael R. Henniger, Loralie T. Hettler, Perry J. Hirsch, Bryana M. Hope, Rose L. Igonia, Hersie-Nina T. Init, Paige Jackson, Stephanie A. Jameson, Pia Jmioff, Mika Z. Johnson, Laura M. Johnston, Sharon E. Keith, Gita Khosla, Paul F. Kinniston, Alison E. Klepsch, Danica T. Knox, Nicole M. Kodric, Alexandra Korotchenko, Shawn H. Krahn, Stephanie Kurz, Ashley G. Lam, Felicity C. Lam, David Lawrence, Andrea D. Lawson, Alex Lee, Alvin K. Lee, Ray M. Lee, William Lee, Madeleine A. Lemaire, Cynthia S. Leung, Ka Hing T. Leung, Margaret S. Liu, Brett C. Logan, Reginia G. Lok, Alicia K. Lui, Anna P. Ma, Paolo I. Macapagal, Cynthia M. MacDonald, Kimberly A. MacDonald, Heather M. Machida, D’Alice L. Marsh, Katherine A. Martin, Thomas J. Martinek, Zack Mason, Kelly McCargar, Alyson E. McFarland, Marisa C. McGovern, Kimberley N. McMane, Laura K. McMillan, Carolyn M. McNeill, Jason E. Melnikel, Joseph Melo, Elizabeth Modell, Andrew Mok, Jordan D. Monks, Julie M. Moore, Theresa Morrison, Jessica F. Munn, Nicholas O. Murray, Alexander D. Myring, Thomas A. Myring, Adam Nanson, Shahana Nathwani, Amy L. O’Bee, Louise C. Oram, Matthew J. Ormerod, Ryan P. O’Shea, Jonathan A. Paez, Ling Pai, Miguel A. Pascual, Nancy A. Patrick, Bradly N. Penner, Robert J. Perko, Kristopher S. Peterson, Joanne N. Pinlac, Osvaldo J. Poli, Chandra D. Prasad, Bronwyn A. Reelie, Christopher D. Rich, Zachary J. Richards, Lindsay E. Rite, Casey A. Rollins, Shannon E. Rollins, Wendy L. Romano, Joanna K. Rosenfeld, Karol F. Rosolski, David G. Rossi, Michael E. Rossi, Emir A. Sahin, Carly B. Sakai, Kristen D. Sali, Rosemarie L. Sanche, Daniel Sarkany, Brianna M. Scarr, Loren B. Schubert, Sahba Seifi, Erica M. Serena, Keith S. Sharman, Sarah Shiho, Serena Shum, Kjirsten Sigmund, Alexis B. Siudut, Sean A. Smith, Rafael J. Solimano, Krista L. Soo, Deanna Stefanyshyn, Aimee E. Stewart, Katrina Strand, Bojan Sumenkovic, Stephanie W. Sy, Katarzyna E. Szolomicki, Courtney Szto, Danielle N. Tabo, Brendan R. Takata, Carrie Tam, Jeffrey J. Tan, Vanessa J. Tan, Kathryn E. Tawse, Cherie Anne R. Taylor, Sarah E. Taylor, Kellan W. Thomsen, Jeffrey C. Vagay, Cameron K. Vand’Erkamps, Holly J. Vanjoff, Rajiv A. Vase, Tony M. Wan, Kim Wensveen, Stephanie A. Westendorp, Jennifer D. White, Warren A. Whitford, Fawn P. Whiting, Eric A. Wilson, Darlene C. Wolfe, Steven P. Woods, Michelle D. Wyngaarden, Abdul H. Yeung, Jonathan C. Yiu, Denise H. Yuen, Justin Ryan Yuen 2007 PhD Erin K. Cressman, Meghan G. Donaldson, Kirstin Lane, Pamela L. Ponic, Katharine E. Reed, Amanda Schweinbenz, Benjamin C. Sporer 2007 MA Chia Ying Liao, Josee Martel, Lisa Mercer, Robin A. Repta, Li Shun 2007 MHK Garry L. Bergquist, Louise J. Demers, Lance R. Hurtubise, Benjamin S. Vass, Ekkapat Visanuvimol, Michael R. Zaremba, MSc Lianne B. Dolan, Luisa V. Giles, Gregory M. Lee Son, Karen Ashlee McGuire, Jordan S. Querido, Fern W. Von der Porten, Jonathan D. Witt 2008 BHK Nagham Abu Laila, Briana M. Adams, Jennifer E. Aiers, Michael S. Aizawa, Melissa Alblas, Michelle Alblas, Rozina Ali, Stuart T. Allester, Gurwinder (Gary) S. Atwal, Jonathan T. Baba, Derek A. Bains, Milenia A. Bak, Natalie N. Ball, Erika E. Bannert, Lindsay E. Barlow, Lauren K. Barre, Clare M. Beary, Samara A. Beatty, Carolyn G. Beaumont, Andrew N. Bell, Alexis Benitez Lazzarotto, Katherine L. Benjamin, Joanna M. Bennett, Chris Berglund, Kailyn V. Brandon-Sutherland, Jenny-Lynn M. Branham, Jeffrey R. Brisbois, Devon B. Bromley, Les W. Brown, Kelly M. Brunner, Owen J. Bryan, Nicholas Burdock, Jill C. Burroughs, Haleigh A. Callison, Jody L. Chan, Joey N. Chan, Derek Cheng, Richard Chou, Nicholas K. Chow, Victoria A. Christmann, Debbie S. Chung, Valerie C. Chung, Michael D. Clark, Chad I. Clifford, David Colleran, Kevin F. Comeau, Shauna L. Connaughton, Christian A. Cooke, Lindsey L. Corrigan, Janet N. Cybucki, Sarah Marie da Costa, Thao T. Dao, Eugenio De las Heras, Stefanie G. de Leon, Thomas S. de Roos, Blossom M. De Vera, Rhys R. Dickey, Witold J. Doniec, Kaya S. Downs, Susanna E. Duerr, Terry B. Duff, Dylan T. Dufour, Michael W. Dumont, Kimberly E. Dusdal, Jessica K. Edwards, Joe J. Edwards, Lucas R. Elder, Timothy R. Estergaard, Lonni J. Farmer, Susanne Finkenauer, Sandra G. Fisher, Natasha Flemons, Travis Forstbauer, Jennifer M. Fraser, Kyle D. Freedman, Nicole E. Freeman, Danielle C. Frigo, Katie L. Fukushima, Krystal F. Gabriel, Nina M. Gansner, Heatherlyn M. Giglio Rankin, Nicola A. Gildersleeve, Devon L. Goldstein, Kristin P. Gray, Stephanie E. Gray, Ashleigh E. Gronberg, Juliet E. Grundmanis, Caitlin A. Haggarty, Lindsay M. Hallman, Quinn P. Hamilton, Joshua D. Harowitz, Warren M. Head, Paul R. Hemsworth, Kevin W. Hendry, Ryan M. Hill, Quang L. Ho, Alexis S. Hodge, Brad J. Holditch, Spencer N. Holowachuk, Jenna L. Homer, Andrew J. Hoy, Jennifer Inniger, Ryu Ishimoto, David K. Iwata, Sarah H. Janousek, Heather L. Johnstone, Diana M. Kadowaki, Kristin J. Kaptein, Asma Kassam, Tamar S. Katz, Meghan A. Kindree, Caitlyn V. Knowles, Kazuhiro Kunikata, Janessa K. Lacis, Laura A. Laidlaw, Benjamin Lam, Lisa V. Lam, Michelle C. Landry, Miranda M. Landry, Nicole A. Lark, James B. Lavender, Jessica M. Leah, Kevin M. Leaker, Matthew C. Lebourdais, Jaclyn M. Lede, Cherie Lee, Matthew J. Lee, Jennifer Leski, Robyn D. Leuty, Kenny Li, Brendan H. Light, Jeannette Lim, Jeffrey Lin, Marc-Jason Locquiao, Tanis Longman, Charmaine Y. Lum, Hok M. Lum, Andrew C. Lunka, Simon Luong, Kathryn A. Luttin, Shaun A. Luttin, Anthony J. Ma, Sandy Ma, Kathryn E. MacPherson, Stephanie E. Manou, Sarah A. Manson, Joel N. Markson, Sarah L. McIsaac, Lindsay D. Mcleod, Brooks A. McNiven, Ashley E. Metcalfe, Christine G. Miemban, Elisse S. Miki, Sahwa S. Mohamed Ali, Richard J. Moore, Trevor A. Morton, Adam S. Mulford, Jemina B. Neufeld, Bram L. Newman, Jack T. Nguy, Chelsea M. Nikkel, Kelly A. Nitchie, Sacha Y. Oddstad, Kristin A. Ohm-Pedersen, Heather B. Parkes, Sarah A. Penman, Alan M. Pepper, Abbey E. Pires, Elisabeth A. Podewils, Alexander J. Quan, Pamela A. Randle, Phyllis L. Ritchie, Blair C. Robertson, Bradley Robles, Jennifer E. Rolls, Fernando E. Romero, Carlie N. Rompre, Duarte Rosario, Marcus A. Rozycki, Nicole S. Runcie, Kevin T. Sandher, Stephen C. Sawada, Graham Sawrey, Louisa J. Scarlett, Jennifer Schaff, Alison F. Schnaiberg, Anne-Marie L. Schroeder, Daniel M. Schultes, Kevin T. Seibel, Michael J. Sergeant, Kristina M. Serwa, Gary T. Shum, Aiden L. Sisler, Karen N. Slater, Spencer J. Smid, Daniel M. Smith, Lennie Sobo, Chelsea E. Soles, Melanie T. Souza, Emily L. Statler, Christopher W. Steller, Zoey A. Stimpson, Carley J. Stobbart, Peggy P. Su, Kimiko E. Suda, Kristina R. Svenkeson, Briana L. Takeshita, Bryan Tanaka, Lindsay H. Taylor, Suzanne M. Tessovitch, Pascal S. Teste, Lauren H. Thast, Stephanie N. Thibert, Ashley J. Todd, Katharine M. Todd Millar, Veronica S. Toy, Tania N. Trojetto, Benoit N. Truscott, Allen Tsang, Jennifer W. Tung, Scott Twigg, Miranda O. Van Camp, Ryan S. Vassel, Ryan M. Vasseur, Vladimir Vidic, Laura D. Wagner, Jillian M. Wall, Adrian Wan, Jonathan Webster, Konstantin G. Weremchuk, Lynda M. Wiechnik, Tyler R. Willson, Michael H. Wilton, Kathryn R. Wnuk, Cathey Wong, Jill A. Wong, Norman Wong, Silan Wong, Anthony M. Wright, Jiun-ni Yao, Bryan Yau, Amy H. Yeung, Cameron J. Yip, Maritza Yong, Deanne M. Ziebart 2008 PhD Ellexis Boyle, Sean M. Brayton, Tony N. Carlsen, Despina D. Frangolias, Alexander Scott 2008 MA Andrea M. Bundon, Clare A. Cayley, Paramjot S. Chauhan, Christiane N. Job, Karen Elizabeth K. Lai, Ashley N. McGhee, MHK Pasha Bains, Douglas I. Bairner, Geoff P. Courneya 2008 MSc Scott T. Apperley, Ryan P. Cawsey, Karine Duval, Leslie T. Horita, Kristin M. Houghton, Nadine A. Nembhard, David D. Nichol, Katherine E. Pauhl, Mon Jef Peeters, Peter Rose, Arlana G. Taylor, Julia M. Wilkes, Shirley C. Wong, Nikolay Yelizarov 2009 BHK Nicole E. Akeroyd, Annie Au, Alexandra R. Audet, Rachel C. Baldry, Cameron A. Bancroft, Nicholas C. Barnes, Christina V. Beck, Nicola D. Bennett, Jeffrey T. Berger, Sheila C. Best, Amanda J. Birak, Tiana M. Blouin, Ryan C. Boden, Julia M. Bonner, Julie C. Boswell, Giancarlo C. Brancati, Robert L. Brommer, Colin A. Brown, Caitlyn V. Browning, Claudia J. Brunner, Douglas W. Buchanan, Lyndie D. Burtt, Lisa M. Bye, Claire M. Cameron, Brooke P. Campbell, Dana L. Carmichael, Joan L. Cauguiran, Samuel A. Cervantes, Chap Wing Chan, Gerald L. Chan, Vince Chan, Wilson W. Chan, Jenny Chau, Adam J. Chee, Andrea V. Chen, Innes E. Cheng, Larry Chow, Charlene Chu, Karen K. Chu, Hiu Ling Chui, Joshua P. Clarke, Hayley A. Corbett, Melissa E. Cory, Alyssa G. Cromwell, Lesley E. Cuddington, Shane A. Cuff, Angela L. Cullen, Deana M. Daoud, Katherine E. Dasler, Emilia S. D’Aversa, Hanan K. Davidson, Leslie M. Day, Caitlyn H. DeBruyne, James E. Diehl, Eric B. Doak, Andrea K. Dowd, Teeghan S. Durity Wingson, Rebekah A. Eatmon, Jason J. Edwards, Robert J. Edwards, Julien R. Emery, Leanne E. Evans, Laura M. Fleming, Tyla T. Flexman, Jenna M. Forde, Kira M. Frew, Collette M. Gagne, Sean T. Gallimore, Kaitlin A. Garratt, Caitlin A. Gomez, Kristin A. Gray, Kailee A. Grayston, Jane E. Griffel, Chelsea-Marie F. Grover, Tony Z. Gui, Stephanie J. Harrap, Alexandra B. Harris, Mischa U. Harris, Shawna L. Hay, Kendrick M. Higo, Heather Ho, Babak Homayoon, Alison C. Hougham, Maiha J. Howard, Silvia Hua, Crystal L. Hula, Bronwyn B. Hunt, Cameron Hunt, Laura K. Ingham, Tomoko Ishiwari, Rebecca E. Izen, Jasub B. Jarquin, Katherine A. Jeanes, Sarah J. Jeffrey, Brian L. Johns, Tautvydas L. Jokubauskas, Dylan S. Kay, Kristie C. Keller, Dohee Kim, Katie Y. Kim, Bryson R. Kool, Ryan C. Kreml, Rachel W. Lam, Ronda P. Landsfried, Jennifer M. Lane, Tammy C. Law, Devin H. Lee, Jennifer H. Lee, Christopher W. Leong, Jonathan M. Lerner, Jennifer A. Liang, Jackie Y. Liao, Michael Y. Lin, Marla A. Lisowski, Matthew J. Lister, Shu Liu, Carly P. Lochbaum, Amy J. Long, Cody A. Low, Jocelyn J. Lundberg, Josef D. Mancin, Corey M. Marcinew, Jessica B. Martin, Matthew J. Matic, Jessica A. McLachlan, Bradley C. McLellan, Scott T. McRae, Angela E. Melville, Melissa A. Mercado, Amir Ali Mirbagheri, Emily A. Mitchell, Nathaniel E. Moulson, Nicholas E. Mueller, Leah P. Munday, Alexander D. Murray, Brock N. Nakama, Jeff B. Nay, Jasneil S. Nijjar, Lindsey M. Nix, Angela D. O’Brien, Aja L. O’Gorman, Ayaka Ohnishi, Phil J. Olsen, Michael S. Olynyk, Katie L. Osborne, Nicholas J. Parnell, David T. Perrett, Anderson P. Pham, Kristopher R. Polonijo, Kjersti M. Redfearn, Alexander E. Ritza, Coreena D. Robertson, Daniel G. Robertson, Kenneth A. Robotham, Parisa Rostambake, Caroline M. Rowles, Babak Salamati, Mark E. Salgado, Rohini N. Sarsthi, Justin R. Sayson, Krista E. Schmidt, Ian C. Scott, Andreanne Scott-Boyer, Lindsay A. Scruton, Shruti A. Sebastian, Brandon E. Segal, Chelsea A. Sheppard, Warren J. Sing, Rachel A. Smith, Laura L. Smutylo, Dong Whan Sohn, David J. Stewart,

152 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Michael J. Stewart, Matthew J. Sun, Ian Sung, Anthony W. Sy, Christine D. Symonds, Erica C. Szeto, Carlyanne E. Taylor, Jacqueline M. Thygesen, Natasha L. Todhunter, Travis W. Tomlin, Katherine A. Tooley, Betty Tran, Kaitlin D. Troop, Lowella L. Valderama, Joseph J. Vernier, Patrick Vuong, Shanna M. Walker, Chi Wang T. Wan, Lauren M. Welch, Lisa M. White, Timothy J. Whitehead, Sara V. Whiteley, Amy L. Wiggins, Siovhan N. Williamson, Kevin A. Wilson, Jane S. Wong, Jessie Wong, Vive Wong, Vanessa J. Wood, Robin A. Wotherspoon, Mark Y. Wu, William Yan, Enrique L. Yep, Cecilia R. Yong, Tae Il Yoon, Emily M. Zelman, Antonio S. Zenone 2009 PhD Ben T. Esch, Shannon L. Jette, Michael B. Ryan, Jessica M. Scott, MA William L. Dunlop, Dominique A. Falls, Sharon E. Keith, Alexandra Korotchenko, Kelly P. MacDonald, Karin D. McFarlin, MHK Alexandra I. Bouharevich, Frederick Y. Chiang, Karen K. Hayley, Dustin P. Hersee, Ajay Patel, Cavanagh Whitely, MSc Brynne L. Elliott, Carolyn Geh, Melanie G. Roskell, Cynthia J. Thomson, Simone E. Tomczak, Dominik D. Zbogar 2010 BHK Christian Antonee, Raman S. Atwal, Christopher I. Baker, Marianne Banton, Jorge Barandiaran, Jessica W. Barudin, Timothy M. Begley, Allison J. Berry, Orania Bonofas, Matthew J. Boudreau, Danielle N. Boyd, Daniel J. Bradley, Paul M. Bradshaw, Laura E. Brandon, Krista M. Breitkreutz, Virginia M. Bryan, Jacqueline M. Bull, Blair K. Byrne, Craig D. Campbell, Kira A. Carre, Cody H. Caruso, Justin H. Chan, Tony F. Chang, Jennifer Chen, Mark K. Cheng, Jessica O. Cheung, Christopher Y. Chin, Simon S. Chiu, Paul C. Chong, Terence Z. Choo, Jia Chyi J. Chou, Yuen Ming Chow, Victoria S. Co, Terence A. Coleman, Matthew D. Conway, Allison C. Conyers, Chehalis J. Costigan, Nathaniel C. D’Arcy, Jaclyn S. De Santis, Claire E. Dickens, Alison L. Divine, Aaron B. Dixon, Paolo B. Dominelli, Silvana D. Doria, Ognjen Dukic, Sarah A. Edmilao, Holly J. Enns, Jennifer L. Farinha, Jennifer A. Farrell, John R. Fawcus, Andri Feldmann, Sasha M. Fluss, Brian C. Fong, Cally J. Forbes, Aaron M. Garnett, Eric M. Gauvin, Amanda A. Goy, Sara M. Greig, Andrew Grellmann, Taren Grewall, Kyle Guay, Valerie R. Gudaitis, Jeffrey T. Hall, Kristyn A. Harrington, Ashley Hayes, Ginia Hayward, Allison J. Heath, John P. Hilhorst, Matthew Ho, Jennifer L. Hodder, Bret M. Hodge, Cameron R. Hodgson, Christa L. Hoy, Rufi Y. Huang, Brittney L. Hugelshofer, Kady B. Huhn, Michelle W. Hung, Maya T. Ignaszewski, Dario Isic, Adam Ivey, Julia K. Jacobsen, Mandeep S. Janda, Chelsea H. Jones, Pamela Jung, Caren D. Kaplan, Shinya Kawada, Kevin Y. Khou, Naho Kondo, Matthew C. Krause, Evin D. Kuyer, Jae-Young Kwon, Andrea E. Kynoch, Lawton K. Lai, Daniel C. Lam, Shawna Lawson, Alison K. Lea, Stephen G. Lee, Nicholas J. Lendvoy, Jennifer M. Loffree, Fillipe C. Loro, Thomas W. Lue, James A. MacKay, Richard R. Mari, Melissa V. Maron, Eric J. Marriott, Michael R. Mason, Ryan E. Matthew, Jenna M. Maxwell, Sarah N. Mc Ateer, Robert C. McLeod, Shaun T. Mcloughlin, Andrew S. Mcphail, Danielle A. McQueen, Gwendolyn Megrian, Erin A. Miller, Amanda Mrsic, Stephanie V. Nash, Andrea S. Neufeld, Jonas K. Ng, Melissa Ng, Sally Ng, Brian M. Nguyen, Saqib A. Niaz, Katie M. Nicholls, Kei Nishikawa, Naomi Ogawa, Shireen D. Panthakee, Ian W. Parkinson, Adam T. Parsons, Kari N. Payne, Ryan T. Peers, Cassandra Pentland, Shaun M. Pepper, Fraser T. Perry, Caroline E. Philippson, Mei Kwan Poon, Justin V. Prakash, Dejan Preradovic, Virginia T. Primrose, Meghan M. Pritchard, Henry Quach, Mallory A. Quinn, Kiruthika Rathanaswami, Sabrina S. Reeve, Lindsay S. Richards, Jessica D. Rogers, Christopher A. Romaniw, Stephanie L. Rutkowski, Jordan P. Schenderling, Brendin P. Schievink, Jody C. Schuurman, Judy M. Scotland, Gordon J. Seow, Jessalyn V. Shamess, Tanis F. Shaver, Peter Skinner, Cameron A. Smith, Courtney C. Smith, Lindsey S. Smith, Cheryl S. So, Janahan Sri, Milan Stankovic, Kimberly T. Stewart, Robert J. Stone, Russell G. Street, Karl E. Sundin, Michael J. Sung, Vincent S. Sy, Jonathan N. Syrnyk, Carolyn W. Tam, Edmond Tan, Carmina J. Tang, Kirsten A. Taylor, Rachelle M. Theriault, Benjamin N. Thistlewood, Leanne N. Tompkins, Emily Y. Trac, Sara E. Treloar, Michelle H. Tsoi, Diane K. Tu, James M. Tully, Samantha Turecki, Sumi S. Uchiage, Martin S. Urbanowicz, Sarah A. Urton, Elliott R. Usher, Jennifer A. Visser, Lauren N. Vredenburg, Inderjit S. Waraich, Leanna J. Warkentin, Kyle D. Watson, Craig G. Weiss, Michael A. Wheelhouse, David Williams, April C. Wong, Jonathan Y. Wong, William S. Woo, Nicholas R. Wunderlich, Ryan N. Yao, Soon Seng Yeo, Christopher Young, William F. Young 2010 PhD Michael E. Bodner, Jordan A. Guenette, Valerie Hadd, Garth S. Hunte, Ann C. Muscat, MA Trisha G. Blair, Kathryn M. Cureton, Ester Elizabeth A. De Lisio, Katherine E. Maliha, MHK Rollin R. Dexter, Veronika A. Farnell, Peter A. Jamieson, Katherine A. Kloos, Gillian L. McFetridge, Jessica C. Mundell, Michelle E. Munkacsy, Francisco J. Quintana, Kavinder S. Toor, Jonas J. Worth 2010 MSc Jarrod P. Blinch, Marc D. Faktor, Heather-Jean A. Foulds, Brian C. Horslen, Mika Z. Johnson, Jill M. Kennedy, Amy A. Kirkham, Taryn L. Klarner, Megan K. MacGillivray, Mona Maghsoodi, Daniel Mang, Nicole T. Ong, Megan F. Sherman 2011 BHK Jacqueline H. Alexander, Matthew D. Allard, Christina M. Aragon, Jeremiah I. Arnold, Jasmeet K. Bains, Lisa C. Baker, Blair C. Bann, Dana R. Barazzuol, Jessica E. Barclay, Jeewan K. Bassi, Jeffrey P. Beauregard, Matthew M. Beck, Alanna D. Beerman, Alison P. Beeston, Carl Bergstrom, Ayla A. Berson, Dylan R. Bird, Jayne F. Blank, Lisa N. Bonang, Thomas J. Brennan, Jeffrey Paul Bruchesi, Andrew R. Burkholder, Lynsey E. Burkinshaw, Laura N. Cabrera, Benjamin S. Carr, Brandi-Lyn E. Chapman, Brendan J. Charna, Mark R. Cheema, Jessica M. Chen, Stephanie Cheung, Samuel J. Clinock, Meisha M. Cole, Allyson M. Corbett, Thea Bryn Culley, Elizabeth M. de Jong Westman, Andrew D. Derbitsky, Jari C. Deutsch, Erin E. Devlin, Maha E. Elashi, Nicola Faloon, Vanessa R. Fee, Ian W. Finlayson, Christopher J. Forgaard, Yoshitaro Fujiwara, Eric Fung, Kari C. Geier, Babita Gill, Kiren S. Gill, Michael J. Giuffre, Janine Gleeson, Hannah K. Goossen, Tabitha M. Goossen, Carlie J. Gordon, Kira A. Graham, Kaitlin A. Gray, Kimberly I. Green, Paul M. Greenwood, Kevin R. Grierson, Leanne Griffiths, Emma Haley, Amanda C. Hall, Brooke E. Hannela, Bailey K. Harding, Jamie C. Hartwell, Lauren Herndier, Shawn E. Hetherington, Kelsey L. Hilliard, Marki L. Hoffman, Shawn Huang, Hayley M. Huculak, Marc C. Huddlestan, Brittany G. Imlach, Shawna Irish, Davor Isic, Patrizio Jacova, Neisha Josan, Jeremy A. Jung, Michelle A. Jung, Monica V. Juren, Devin a. Kavanagh, Ellen Kim, Juneyoung Kim, Kaheui Kim, Queenie Kim, Antoni P. Kindler, Catherine E. King, Steven Klassen, Aron B. Koel, Andrew K. Kong, Jennifer Lam, Marco H. Lam, Michael S. Lam, Kirsten S. Larsen, Beverley C. Larssen, Gary Lee, Candace B. Letham, Jill A. Lewis, Alice Y. Lin, Carmen L. Lindsay, Craig Lineker, Devan R. Lisson, Christopher J. Liu, Joel M. Loreth, Alex Low, Michael H. Lui, Andrea K. Luk, Fabien Ma, Davin T. Mackenzie, Audrey A. Mak, Jessica C. Makenny, Eric H. Man, Lindsay N. Manion, Kimberley A. March, William K. Martens, Michal Martinka, Patrick M. McIlhone, Tanya McLean, Ashleigh M. McNeill, Yuri M. Melnychuk, Brianne E. Miller, Derek R. Monkman, Brittany N. Moon, Philip P. Motyka, Alex M. Murphy, Sheena C. Murphy, Jordan J. Narod, Pak Lun Ng, Michael C. Nitikman, Jennifer E. Olynyk, Sean Overin, Shannon M. Painter, Brittany N. Patitucci, Maria Pavone, Victoria A. Pearson, Gemma M. Pollock, Daisy H. Pun, Laura V. Rankine, Bradley J. Raper, William P. Reed, Ashlan G. Regenstreif-Harms, Ryan L. Reynolds, Erin C. Robertson, Aron Robinson, Brett Sanderson, Nicole E. Schuurman, David M. Sheman, Jiun Yenn Shyong, Maggie R. Soares, Vianna M. Soo, Michael R. Speakman, Claudia Stefanon, William E. Stewart, Lauren N. Sutherland, Marina L. Szalay, Mohannad Taha, Alexandra R. Taub, Mark P. Tonello, Antony R. Tsang, James T. Van, Jacqueline B. Vandebeek, Ranko Vukovic, Ashley Wang, Emilie S. Whittemore, Tara L. Wilson, Matthew D. Winograd, Vania Winrob, Samantha Withenshaw, Janice W. Wong, Simon H. Wong, Jennifer R. Woo, Diane L. Woodd, Ali Yakhshi-Tafti, Lisa M. Yamaura, Chih-Yu Yang, Mandy S. Yeung 2011 BKIN Sarah Abou-el-Ardat, Tom Biagi, Ehsan Borghei, Jennifer L. Bosnick, Jeffrey Bozzard, Rina A. Carbol, Jonathan C. Cheung, Parveen K. Dosanjh, Michael R. Esau, Anna Gebert, Ajiab S. Gosal, Shauna M. Gould, Pamela K. Haaf, Joshua C. Jankovics, Dallas M. Jones, Jeffrey S. Lee, Jillian Linsangan, Keeva C. Lupton, Di G. Ning, Graham M. Nordin, Courtney O’Brien, Ana Racunica, Danielle E. Robson, Martin W. Rowe, Navdeep S. Sandhu, Joanna Schilling, Cory J. Segal, Kealy Thomson, Nathan Tjipta, Corine A. Travaglini, Nicole D. Tschritter, Danielle B. Willhoeft, Sandra Woo, Haley S. Workun, Sohale E. Ziaei 2011 PhD Brendan D. Cameron, Justin R. Davis, Meaghan MacNutt, Dana N. Maslovat, Bradley J. Millington, Katie L. Morton, Xinquan S. Yang 2011 MA Erica V. Bennett, Jessica E. Bourne, Sara M. Brune, Benjamin J. Schellenberg, Nicolien S. van Luijk, MHK Byron P. Chiang, Stephanie Harmazy, Jody O. Lightfoot, James W. Wendland, Timothy J. Whitehead, MKIN Kevin Julian, Andrew C. Lambert, Alexandra Skinner, Carrie M. Watts, MSc Eric A. Carter, Jennifer Chao, Christopher A. Edwards, Adina Houldin, Sarah Koch, Tammy C. Law, Andrew J. Stevenson 2012 BHK Victoria Arca, Alexander C. Babalos, Kelcey A. Bland, Rico Cahyadi, Rajiv S. Chand, Iris Cheng, Joshua Cheng, Gregory W. Chong, Jenni Graham, Hasan A. Hamze, Tanner J. Kozak, Shawn V. Mercer, Maurizio Mezzarobba, Fumie Saito, Brittany A. Siemens, Claire E. Toffelmire 2012 BKIN Abdul-Sherif Abdul-Rahaman, Anahita Alipour, Danielle W. Anderson, Michael Apps, Sinead Beynon, Jennifer Booton, Diogo Borges, Leah Bosello, Emily-Rose Boucher, Dave R. Boyd, Cary E. Brett, Geoffrey L. Buchanan, Alyshia M. Burak, Greg R. Burpee, Andrew N. Buskard, Heather E. Cadenhead, Eric Cameron, Chad Cardoso, Caitlin Alyssa Carson, Ben Chadwick, Amanda Chan, Sydnee Chang, Jasmine Cheema, Ezequiel Chernikoff, Diane Chieu, Brandon S. Chow, Melissa L. Church, Katarzyna Ciecierska, Charles Bronzon D. Codimos, Danielle Collette, Joseph J. Cordonier, Lauren E. Courtice, Luke W. Currie, Raquel Da Costa, Ryan Dalen, Krista L. Dewar, Manpreet Dhillon, Jillian Dickson, Amy Diehl, Faolan C. Dunphy, Peregrine Marc Duran, Meghan Erdos, Ivan J. Estepho, Katlyn P. Euler, Danielle M. Fee, Victoria I. Felkar, Joshua R. Filiatrault, Tanis E. Filiatrault, Erin N. Franklin, Geoffrey L. Friderichs, Shivjeet S. Gill, Chelsea L. Good, Natalie J. Goodfellow, Thomas D. Gossland, Mallory E. Grant, Karen C. Greig, Alisha Hahn, Stephanie A. Hay, Mandeep S. Hayer, Georgia Heraty, Jordan D. Herbison, David w. Hilborn, Jesslyn L. Hodge, Raelene Hodgson, Amanda Y. Hsu, Zara A. Huntley, Carly Husson, Linh Huynh, Nava C. Hymowitz, Jordan Inglis, Alvin Ip, Megan K. Jackson, Murtaza Ali Jaghori, Radha C. Jain, Larissa D. James, Jaspreet S. Johal, Christina B. Jones, Justin A. Jung, Stephanie A. Kaczmarek, Emily Kane, Fahim N. Kara, John K. Killoran, Dmitri Kim, Naoya Koizumi, Jerry Ku, Emily Kwee, Subraj Lalli, Hin Chung M. Lam, Mandi Lamanes, Gisele C. Lamb-Yorski, Lily Lau, Dionne L. Lee, Rebecca Lee, Joshua W. Leigh, Vanessa E. Leon, Jason Liang, Christopher Lim, Shannon Lim, Nicolas G. Lindsay, Marissa Lo, Alana M. Longson, Terence W. Low, Jordon T. Lui, Lawrence l. Luk, Wilfred Ly, Maegan L. Mak, Raza Malik, Lindsay G. Malony, William E. Marsh, Isabelle Mate, Martha C. McCabe, Eve G. McDonald, Brian McGrath, Matt G. McMeeking, Dominic D. Melanson, Hafeez Merani, Stephanie R. Mervyn, Melina C. Mirzaei, Kevin A. Mobbs, Teara S. Mohr, Chelsea Moir, Arthur Y. Ng, Derek S. Ng, Nathan C. Ng, Yunxuan Ou, Hans-Peter Pascheit, Elisabeth Pauwels, Robyn E. Pendleton, Matthew Perry, William D. Philippson, Tamara L. Pickford, Dillon D. Pinder, Alyson R. Plecash, Nicholas Ponzetti, Iris Popovski, Adrienne Provencher, Cameron N. Quon, Farah Ramji Charania, Colin C. Rasmussen, Charlotte Reiher, Kyla E. Richey, Diane C. Rizzardo, Anne E. Rodgers, Austin V. Ruecker, Cara F. Rurak, Kathleen Schmit, Kristin L. Schwab, Brittany Seligman, Clayton C. Smith, James C. Smith, Erin E. Snelling, Susanna Sovek, Dylan K. Sparks, Mariel E. Spence, Hunter C. Spencer, Warren E. Springer, Jordan Squair, Julia C. Sterling, Jenessa X. Tan, Theresa W. Tan, Robert Truong, Caitlyn A. Trytten, Todd J. Van der Star, Christina L. Van Moorsel, Julie T. Van Oyen, Shani S. Viner, Steven L. Wang, Kelly L. Wanless, Matthew A. Ward, Michelle A. Watkin, Virginia E. Watson, Angela D. White, Liam White, Mallory K. White, Stefan Widmer, Monica Wilkins, Laura J. Willms, Emma Winterbottom, Andy Wong, Joshua S. Wong, Michael Wong, Victor C. Wong, Jarrett Thomas Woodhouse, Lauren A. Wou, Thomas Zhou 2012 PhD Christopher J. Dakin, Jordan S. Querido MA Stephanie A. Van Veen, MHK Gregory K. Miller, Louise J. Reid 2012 MKIN Adam C. Benz, Katie L. Chapman, Sean D. Del Ben, Sarah L. Dobrowolski, Maksym Kepskyy, Mark S. Kerr, Christopher S. MacDonald, Seyedeh Yalda Majidi, Montana Molyneux, Luis Filipe A. Preto, Mercedes B. Watson, Michael C. Wilson 2012 MSc Danielle Beaudoin, Danika B. Dickson, Paolo B. Dominelli, Sara J. Forsyth, Sherry C. Hunt, Joshua A. McKay, Lisa S. Perlmutter, Sabrina S. Reeve, Normand A. Richard 2013 BHK Jessica A. Benson, Kathleen Hui, Timothy Ip, Brandy M. Lietz, Rebecca M. Miller, Shimon Miyamoto, Brad Piper, Josh Slawnych 2013 BKIN Pouyan Ahmadi, Jay D. Aikenhead, James Anderson, Arvin Arenas, Kelli N Armstrong, Sanaz Bahrami, Jagroop S. Bains, Robinder S. Basran, Emma J. Beattie, Spencer Betts, Alyssa M. Birbrager, Joel A. Bland, Mitchell Bourne, Kari Brackenbury, Jovan Brkic, Dylan E. Brown, Joshua C. Brown, Clarizz Calinisan, Andrew Campbell, Lindsay A. Cannon, Alison M. Cary, Sean T. Case, Martina Cawker, Aaron Chan, Christabel Chan, Edith K. Chan, Joyce W. Chan, Kaylee I. Chanakos, Daniel Chang, Yi-Hui Joyce Chen, Wai Chun Cheng, Nan Hsing Chien, Diana Chin, Joanna Cho, Marilyn H. Chong, Hei Ting Choy, Kathryn J. Clark, Alexander G. Craig, Jacob A. Cramm, Kevin Crosby, Greg S. Cugnet, Courtney De Vries, Michael Dharni, Dharampreet S. Dhillon, Adina M. Diaconu, Marija Djopa, Aaron Dobie, Alicia J. Dorsch, Heather Dunlop, Saja Edwards, Aja Egglestone, Alexander Eppich, Brianne C. Farrall, Alisha Y. Fung, Anna-Marie C. Furlot, Joey Gabrick, Lydia M. Giammartino, Katrina Giang, Viktorya Gorodetsky, Emily A. Grainger,

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 153

Ayn Grant, Robert S. Gray, Jasmine A. Gunther, Miao tian Guo, Ashley N. Hearn, Nathaniel P. Hers, Kimberly Hill, Ravinder Hira, Peter Holbrook, Claire J. Hope, Vivia Hsu, Matthew Janzen, Nathaniel Janzen, Amit K. Jassal, Vaneet V. Jassal, Andrew Jeklin, Luisa C. Johnson, Nadine Kallas, Taku Kawai, Robert S. Kelly, Anne C. Keng, Ki Hong Kim, Dustin E. Kimber, Nathan P. Kirby, Christopher D. Klassen, Alexandria Klemm, Kathryn E. Knox, Hou-Fai Samuel Ko, Sofia Koskinen-Zuckernick, Alexander Kouki, Courtney Krause, Elizabeth J. Kugi, Brandon Lai, Hon Lai, Oscar Lam, Meghan A. Lamont, Raelene P. Lang, Cynthia Lau, Jaelim Lee, Jocelyn Lee-Son, Philip Leung, Justin T. Li, Annie Liang, Marcus Loh, Tanis Louie, Eric A. Lowe, Christopher S. Lum, Dominique C. Mabatan, Cameron H. MacGillivary, Stephen K. Mah, Connor Mahannah, Kevin Mak, Kyla Man, Jessica K. Mann, Shanice A. Marcelle, Ryan Maron, Elisa Maruzzo, Nicole A. Matichuk, Lindy M. Mazurek, Justin M. McCrae, Hugh R. McDonald, Michael McGurk, Jeffrey J. McKinnon, Marc D. McVeigh, Julia M. Melanson, Samantha A. Melnyk, Amanda Mow, Dimitri L. Naef, Tobias J. Ng, Samuel C. Ngo, James P. Nightingale, Lesly M. Novak, Monika Pabbi, Jennifer L. Parras, Kimberly Ann Paterson, Christina Perry, Mikaela J. Peters, Angela Pettit, Huan D. Pham, Beverly N. Pollock, Dayle T. Poulin, Sepehr Rahmani, Rachel Ramsden, Alexander D. Rebchuk, Janelle C. Rektor, Cora Renaud, Jacqueline N. Render, Lindsay R. Reynoldson, William A. Rimmer, Courtney M. Robertson, Lee Rosnes, Lisa K. Ruggles, Samantha A. Sasyniuk, Gareth Andrew Robert Saunders, Christopher W. Schaalo, Milica Sever, Sharon M. Severson, Erin M. Spencer Roeder, Jade E. Spencer-Tam, Carlee M. Sturrock, Darren Suderman, Hsien Hung D. Sun, Nicole A. Szeto, Cassie D. Tagseth, Ryan Takagi, Yun Yang Yale Tang, Rebecca Thomas, Benjamin L. Thuveson, Natasha A. Till, Shirley S. Tong, Sophie Tran, Iris K. Tung, Phillip J. Upton, Alexandra N. Van, George P. Van Nen, Moises Vega Rebolledo, Paul S. Virk, Christopher M. Von Schellwitz, Jessica von Schilling, Tristan H. Waller, Jeffrey D. White, Jordan A. White, Lisa N. Whitehead, Heather L. Whitlock, Diana Wilson, Melissa Wirsching, Audrey M. Wong, Christopher E. Wong, Colin Wong, Jackie Wong, Kailin Wong, Raymond Wong, Jacky Ho Ting Yeung, Hansel Yu, Alex Zai, Davide Zane, Kevin Q. Zhang, Zhu Ran Zhang 2013 PhD Lianne B. Dolan, William L. Dunlop, Anita T. Gitto, Jane M. Labreche, Melanie Y. Lam, Cynthia J. Thomson, Pei Wang, Shirley C. Wong, MA Shawn D. Forde, MKIN Bahman Bahrami, Carl Bergstrom, Erin-Marie Higgins, Paige Jackson, Brian L. Johns, Vikramjeet S. Kahlon, Ainslie K. Kehler, Christopher S. Laxton, Joseph Albert Malabuyoc, Charly M. Sampaga, Ksena Tatomir, Ying Zhang, MSc Harrison J. Brown, Taylor Cleworth, Matthew C. Crombeen, Christopher J. Forgaard, David T. Hendry, Beverley C. Larssen, Sarah Luxon, Justin W. Ting, Alexandra Wilson 2014 BHK Kimberly C. Bowman, Gaelan P. Connell, Andrew Dee, Daria M. Dyck, Tracy L. Fast, Sean D. Ferguson, John E. Georgas, Kendall H. Miller, Darryl A. Schack, Rajveer Singh, Gerissen Tang, Andrew K. Wilson, Anya Zimmerman 2014 BKIN Joeung Y. Ahn, Rayan Al-Ghalayini, Michelle K. Anderson, Evangelia C. Angelopoulos, Shaw G. Arbuckle, Mark Arlou, Lawrence Austin, Abra S. Baal, Christine Barr, Kylie D. Barros, Tundeep S. Bassi, Shane C. Bates, Michelle A. Bayer, Jenica L. Bennett, Kuljot S. Bhangu, Elliott Boake, Rachelle-Zoe Bonneville, LaBri Borthistle, Branden R. Brar, Daniel J. Britton-Foster, Tara L. Broadland, Rachel H. Brodeur, Zarathustra Brodie, Jennifer M. Brousseau, Eric A. Brown, Tavis A. Bruce, Lucas B. Bruchet, Brock P. Cameron, Rachel d. Canning, Christina M. Capozzi, Justin L. Carpenter, Christopher Chan, Florence F. Chan, Michael J. Chan, Vito W. Chan, Anthony Chang, Maria K. Chau, Ling J. Chien, Francis K. Chik, Rylan Ga-Jun Chin, Alvin Patrick Chiu, Samson Cho, Hojun Choi, Jonathan T. Chow, Josephine A. Chow, Natasha H. Chow, Jonathan B. Chung, Kacy L. Clark, Brian R. Commons, Gillian G. Corbo, Rachel M. Courtice, Ilan J. Cumberbirch, Krisula A. Dais, Ted Dao, Kaitlin Daur, Andrew S. Davies, Nicole K. Day, Stephen J. DeLuca, Evan F. Dunfee, Laura A. Eastwood, Jessica L. Edwards, Soha Eum, Victoria M. Euper, Rhiannon N. Evans, Emily J. Evans-Galeski, Alicia E. Fenn, Andrew D. Firth, Danica Angelita D. Flores, Lauren Forsyth, Alicia-Lynn R. French, Natasha R. Fung, Lee Gangbar, Matthew K. Girard, Elizabeth S. Gleadle, Haley E. Glendinning, Matthew Godbeer, Molly C. Gosnell, Dakota S. Goulder, Jennifer P. Gray, Xie Li Gu, Devin Gunenc, Sefanit Habtom, Kelsey Halvorson, Alyna Hamid, Mark J. Hanczak, Curtis Harriott, Julius Ho, Rob W. Hooper, William M. Hubburmin, Jordan A. Huhta, James A. Hume, Laurel Jacob, Isabella M. Jakubczyk, Matthew D. Janzen, Jialu Jiang, Lauren Joe, Ivory A. Johnson, Julie J. Johnson, Kristine H. Johnson, Shanlee Johnston, Parham Joolaie, Kimberley Jung, Maria-Ashley Karaliolios, Kazuki Kawakami, Brandon W. Kaye, Carley R. Kennedy, Shoshanna L. Kervin, Zahra Khamisa, Hee Yeon Kim, Hyun K. Kim, Aaron D. Klatt, Karyn N. Kraemer, Jared T. Kuzik, Emily F. Kyle, Laura B. Kynoch, Sage Laboucan, Rachael Lamb-Yorski, Mitchell H. Lang, Pit W. Lau, Howard H. Lee, Jodie R. Leong, Gloria C. Li, Briana Liau Chan Kent, Taryn J. Lim, Michelle I. Lin, Sally Lin, Jonathan C. Lloyd, Michael A. Louie, Macklin G. Loveland, Peter Y. Lu, Serena Y. Lu, Wan Lin Lu, Natalie P. Makepeace, Miranda K. Mann, Cameron Manson, Jeremy Martin, Anna L. Maurer, Curtis May, Natalie May, David C. McBeath, Madison N. McCarthy, Celine E. McCaughran-Contreras, Ryley L. McDuffie, Marlo L. McGovern, Kelsey M. McHolm, Sean D. Midwood, Jacqueline D. Mitchell, Anton I. Moshynskyy, Matt R. Muirhead, Katherine A. Newman, Alexander G. Ng, Carol K. Ng, Andrea Nikic, Sharin Nishimura, Shaneese T. Nowlan, Andrei Obraztsov, Alexander Obukhov, Nima Omid-Fard, Linnea K. O’Shea-Stone, Estefany D. Osorio Terrazas, Arne N. Oswald, Stephen Paget, Martin Park, Brendan J. Paterson, James F. Pena, Rebecca J. Peterson, Nicholas S. Philippson, Stuart K. Poole, Amanda Porsild, Brienne Powers, Lindsey N. Pozo, Shelby L. Pudek, Jeffrey Quach, Noel D. Que, Elizabeth Quon, Brandon G. Rasman, Azim K. Rattansi, Kelsy J. Raven, Susannah D. Reid, Alyssa C. Reyes, Dorothy L. Rice, Jena Riches, Emily V. Ryan, Steven E. Sam, Ana-Maria Samper, Jagdev S. Sandhu, Miki Sasahara, Mathias Schneider, Sharon Sehrai, Stefanie R. Seto, Kirsty M. Setterlund, Carlyn K. Shimizu, Janet N. Shing, Takami Shirai, Michael Shum, Rebecca J. Sidow, Gareth Sine, Shelby Sloan, Denis Smajlovic, Gregory B. Smith, Kristina Smith, Stacy Smith, Annemieke S. Smulders, Desiree D. Soares, Giselle Soo, Casey C. Soriano, Natalie J. Sourisseau, Victoria M. Spangehl, Caleb J. Staniland, Jonathan Stea, Kia Taeb, Justin S. Thandi, Nicholas G. Thomas, Oliver R. Thomas, Christopher Tierney, Charles F. To, Jason C. Tong, Michelle L. Torresan, Cassandra Travlos, Chao-Hsuan Tsai, Esther Tung, Jennifer A. Turnbull, Veronika Van Wollen, Nicola A. Vanderliek, Kseniya Vazyanska, Austen J. Voorhees, Breanna Walker, Amy T. Wang, Weston Wedan, Tayla Westgard, Samuel A. Widjaja, Megan A. Witham-Carroll, Brandyn E. Wong, Jason T. Wong, Jordan D. Wong, Patrick Wong, Rachel C. Wong, Magdalene G. Woodward, Jonathan W. Yeung, Cindy Wing Sze Yu, Andrew G. Yuen, Alexander Zaine, Xiaoyan Zhang, James Zhou, Xuan Zhou, Anna Zimmer, Ryan T. Zwarich 2014 PhD Andrea M. Bundon, Anna J. Dowd, Luisa V. Giles, Heather-Jean A. Foulds, MA Coralie Riendeau, Louisa J. Scarlett, Daniel G. Thorpe, Liv Gi-He Yoon 2014 MKIN Michael Apps, Peter Chiang, Thomas M. Coppola, Niloofar Davallow Ghajar, Andrew J. Knorr, William P. Reed, Joshua A. Robertson, Teena L. Schneider, Christina W. Sequeira, Akriti Sharma, Bradley Thomas, James P. Thompson, MSc Shannon Lim, Kristin Elizabeth MacLeod, Ana Moreno Hernandez, Kara Solmundson, Jordan Squair 2015 BHK Erika L. Alm, Alyssa J. Becker, Logan A. Demmings, Elliott W. Flockhart, Neil E. Jones, Daniel A. Joseph, Jun-Soo Kim, Andrew Lu, Nigel T. Nixon, Ian A. Perry 2015 BKIN Alex V. Abundo, Rebecca M. Adams, Alana Adamson, John L. Aguilar, Sebastian C. Akl, Kathryn M. Allesia, Claudina C. Alvarez, Travis D. Amyott, Stina-Britt Avefjall, Kareem A. Ba, Kyle J. Badgley, Jong-Hun Baek, David Bai, Ryan N. Banek, Lisa D. Barclay, Emma N. Barnes, Justin M. Bartella, Jasmine K. Bassi, Erin P. Basterfield, Alicia L. Bateman, Constance M. Batore, Mary Katherine C. Battle, Cameron G. Bentley, Megan D. Berry, Gurjeet S. Bhangu, Jared J. Bir, Kerri J. Blackburn, Seth F. Bluman, Elise Bocknek, Kerri L. Bodin, Kevin D. Booker, Ana Boskovic, Shannon R. Boyle, Joshua Britton, Eland Bronstein, Joe M. Brooker, Meghan L. Brooks, Duncan Ross Brow, Carlin P. Browne, Jake D. Bruchet, Eric A. Busto, Ignatius But, Clara W. Chan, Jia Jun Chan, Terynn J. Chan, Jinelle Y. Chang, Alicia Chatfield, Anthony S. Chen, Kuan-Der Chen, Nathan T. Chen, Tien Chang Chen, Brandon E. Chernowas, Abhiram E. Cherukupalli, Walden A. Cheung, Laurence Chin, Tyler W. Chong, Kyo Hyun (Isaac) Choo, Benjamin Chow, Yao Chi Chuang, Laurie F. Citynski, Paul G. Clerc, Rachel Cote, Jack C. Cubbon, Chenghao Cui, Jessica K. Davies, Amanda M. de Faye, Amelie de Fenoyl, Edward Y. Dengler, Ashwin Dhawan, Sanaah Dodhia, Christopher M. Dong, Gurinder S. Dosanjh, Katelyn J. Drake, Wilson Du, Janille C. Durity-Wingson, Andrea Duthie, Jane Fan, Nicole E. Ferrier, Shannon Field, Sean Fitzgerald, Nate Fleming, Andrew D. Folino, Jeanette Yat Ching Fong, Cody R. Forbes, Silvia Formankova, Michelle Francis, Robyn M. Freiheit, Leanne Fukuhara, Gurjita Gadey, Amber M. Gamache, Larissa A. Gemer, Jamus L. Goodfellow Meyer, Christopher Grellmann, Lordy Grewalson, Edmund X. Gu, Megan Hamm, Jamie E. Haroldson, Kaitlin M. Harris, John R. Harrison, Danielle E. Hennig, Kelsey J. Hindmarch, Benjamin A. Hives, Daniel K. Ho, Gillian E. Hogg, Keara J. Hooi, Rhaya L. Howich, Connor Hoy, Joanna Hsieh, Michael C. Hsu, Jean Hu, Kathryn K. Hui, Jeremiah J. Humphrey, Anna Rucelli V. Ignacio, Jessica Jaksa, Sharon Jang, Paul D. Jarvie, Jashanveer S. Jhajj, Richard M. Johnson, Marc-Antoine Juneau, Todd M. Jury, Zachary J. Kalthoff, Jessica M. Kalyan, Aram D. Karakas, Steen H. Karpluk, Dillan-Jean L. Karst, Kai L. Kaufman, Laura R. Kean, Kevin M. Keating, Shannon B. Keefe, Taylor Keraiff, Shurooq S. Khan, Preet Khera, Sundip K. Khosa, Rojin Kiani, Jin Ho Kim, Seunghee Kim, Yoonjae Kim, Lisa N. Kirby, Betty Wing Shan Kong, Maiki Kono, Ryan Koo, Britney D. Kroeker, Joshua R. Kronstrom, Jessica T. Kwok, Gilbert Kwong, Cheyenne D. Laatsch, Trevor Lai, Harjinder K. Lally, Tracy T. Lam, Sarah Lambert, Phi Long Le, Connor J. Learey, Andrea H. Leitch, Crystal Leong, Axel Daniel S. Lim, Christopher R. Lim, Tina Lin, Mackensie Lintz, Kaidi Liu, Sarah J. Liu, Chad Z. Luarca, Jonathan Ma, Jason D. MacCulloch, Stephen G. MacDougall, Heather MacLean, Jasraj S. Manhas, Jessica P. Marquis, Benjamin B. Mastar, Laura A. McCracken, Cara L. McCulloch, Jenna L. McEwen-Doris, Shanny McIvor, Monica D. McKeown, Iva Milisavljevic, Reid A. Mitchell, Kathleen A. Monahan, Daniel A. Montague, Mariah D. Moti, Tracy D. Murray, Gwyndolyn Narayan, Aadam Nathani, Marco W. Ng, Jessica L. Norgaard, Njideka C. Obioha, Kalen O’Brien, Tin Omazic, Casey Page, Dailene M. Parno, Madelyn J. Paterson, MaLori N. Pendree, Sarah C. Pennington, Bryana L. Phipps, Fionnuala S. Pierse, Geoffrey Piper, Andrew Piron, Jennifer S. Pisarek, Chloe M. Plecash, Shannon Y. Pope, Nadia C. Pucci, Taha Qaiser, Jason Quach, Adam D. Quan, Shaolin Rahman, Abigail Raye, Jacqueline C. Regan, Laurel A. Riske, Antonia M. Rizea, Jesse C. Robertson, Jason M. Rose, Taylor K. Rubens-Augustson, Patrick M. Rushton, Ramin Sadaghiani, Jessica Sandhu, Cassandra R. Santos, Bruno A. Savino, Sarah A. Sayyari, Natalie J. Scadden, Samreit Sekhon, Kirsti M. Shanks, Samuel R. Shaw, Jacky W. Shen, Sylvie C. Sherrin, Kong C. Shiu, Michelle T. Siy, Lana G. Skeete, Anthony Sohal, Ki Han Song, Elaine Sou, Linda L. Speck, Julia Sumera, Heather Swail, Anthony Sze, Andrea Tai, Fahad F. Tarani, Willow Thickson, Kalen Thompson, Tri N. Tran, Cristina D. Trasolini, Carol C. Tse, Claire Tusiime, Sirus Vakilian, Johanna Wilhemina C van Lieshout, Christopher Vilayphonh, Marissa Waldron, Nicholas A. Walkey, Lucas S. Webster, Kally S. Wexler, Tonya L. Wheatley, Carlee E. Wiles, Alison M. Williams, Reagan N. Wilson, Kenneth Brian Go Wong, Ryan C. Wong, Jessie Shu Han Yang, Jason Yee, Matthew Yee, Erin B. Young, Jeffrey S. Yu, Ada Zdanowski 2015 PhD Jarrod P. Blinch, MA Victoria I. Felkar, Sarah Nicole Kiengersky, Devra Waldman 2015 MKIN Matthew O. Baniak, Tania S. Castilho, Parisa Faridi, Joey Gabrick, Selina E. Guendel, Sonja Lonne, Cara K. Rosehill, MSc Lauren K. Buschmann, Margaux Chan, Raza Malik, Eduardo Naranjo, Mark S. Rice, Myles E. Shepherd, Cynthia M. Tse 2016 BHK Andre-Jamil Rousseau, Jashanjot K. Sidhu 2016 BKIN Joseph Abai, Daniel Adams, Adebayo J. Adenekan, Hamza Ahmad, Jamal Alawes, Katherine E. Allan, Tristan J. Anderson, Alexandru Aparaschivei, Emma M. Arksey, Amardeep Athwal, Nicole K. Atkinson, Hamid Aziz, Amy R. Baatz, Kevin Z. Bach, Yasmin Bains, Jerod Bartnik, Alexandria B. Bauer, Lucas J. Bedford, Margaret A. Bell, Jessica L. Bilmer, Alyssa Binns, Erin L. Blackmore, Ezequiel Blumenkrans, Kirsten M. Bock, Brooke C. Bogress, Vivie R. Bojilov, Anna C. Boothe, Vivian Braithwaite, Christopher L. Brewer, Emily E. Brewer, Nikola Brown-John, Thao Bui, Denise Busayong, Samantha J. Butts, Ivan-Goran Car, Kylah Cawley, Mark Ching Tang Chang, Vincent Chan-Ying, Bavenjit K. Cheema, Anthony Chen, Dorothy W. Cheng, Amanda B. Cheung, Geoffrey Chiu, Rayanna W. Chong, Jeremy P. Chow, Andy L. Chu, Kevin K. Chu, Troy Clare, Julie Anne S. Clores, Rebecca A. Corbett, Alissa M. Coulter, Samantha Coutts, Patrick M. Cowan, Dana L. Dale, Jenna J. Dametto, Christina D’aoust, Philippa H. Dawbney, Meghan C. De Jong, Megan J. DeLeon, Jeremy Demers, Spencer W. Der, Ashley-Marie T. Dias, Angela Do, Gagandeep Dosanjh, Mohamed A. Elchehimi, Tyler M. Enns, Aleesha Esmail, Leigh Farran, Robin M. Ferrier, Zoe A. Fettig-Winn, Evan H. Finnamore, Olivia J. Fischer, Kai Hong Fong, Beatrice A. Francisco, Travis D. Fraser, Jenny Y. Fu, Fiorentino C. Gaeta, Ian Gan Ming Zhi, Jessica M. Garcia, Mina O. Gerges, Catherine Gerretsen, Niloufar Ghaffari,

154 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Amanda A. Giacomazza, Brittney Gill, Yuki R. Gomi, Nicolette J. Gowan, Angelo Graffos, Yue Chuang Guan, Miranda E. Harris, Tamara M. Harris, Jamie Hawke, Brian Hayes, Hailey J. Hebron, Aimee J. Hill, Sarah C. Hillsdon, Andrea S. Ho, Jada Holmes, Tristan Howarth, Dorinda L. Howland, Juliann Hoy, Nai-Wei E. Hsu, Yu Shan Hsu, Min Chi Huang, Leo Iizuka, Mackenzie R. Irving, Sameer Janmohamed, Jaskaran P. Jassal, Haley A. Joel, Colin Johnson, Deanna S. Johnson, Avneet K. Kahlon, Austin Kao, Sarah C. Keller, Arjun Khurana, Ye Na Kim, Savannah E. King, Dylan Kirby, Cassandra B. Knievel, Joseph Knowles, Jonathan Koch, Aaron W. Kowalchuk, Conner Kozak, Christopher A. Krammer, Kevin D. Kwok, Michelle N. Kwok, Kevan G. La Guardia, Christian A. Lacsamana, Noel Y. Lai, Harpreet S. Lakhan, Choi Ho Lam, Kwan Yu Lam, Victoria A. Lam, Samantha Langford, Ryan P. Lasaleta, Hoi Wan V. Lau, Jeffrey Lau, Dexter W. Lee, James Lee, Samantha Lee, Brigitta H. Leung, Matthew Leung, Melissa Leung, Yuheng Li, Jenna F. Linton, Erin Little, Bryan Lopez, Phillip F. Lopresti, Natasha W. Louie, Janice M. Low, Rachel Lowe, Michelle R. Lukas, Scott W. Lum-Tong, Xin Ma, Donald W. Mackintosh, Deogracias Madrazo, Catherine A. Maledy, Elaine Marshall, Jason G. Martincic, Olga Mavritsakis, Riley K. McQuillan, Milad Mehrabi, Sarah M. Mertz, Tom V. Michie, Aneta Michniak, Serena-Anne Midttun, Elizabeth Milosevic, Brandon R. Minhas, Kate Moberg, Vishal Mohan, Donna M. Moraes, Rianne J. Morgan, Samantha E. Morrison, Sarah Najafabadi, Matthew D. Ney, Andrew Ng, Matthew K. Ng, Stephen J. Ng, Leigh Nicholls, Taylor B. North, Ye-Jeong Oh, Alejandro Miguel A. Olfato, Kezia L. Onel, Oona A. Otobor, Adrienne M. Parkin, Max H. Pecarsky, Kate V. Philippson, Elena A. Popa, Sonia N. Portillo, Wilfred Pow, Parke O. Prodan, Alyssa N. Quattrociocchi, Melissa J. Raby, Amanpreet S. Rangi, Courtney A. Reich, Beth M. Rizzardo, Amy S. Roneki, Colby D. Rossi, Jennifer M. Rubben, Dylan R. Sartor, Ashley B. Scalet, Jasmin Sears, Alana E. See, Adam Senuik, Jaclyn C. Seto, Michaella M. Sewers, Jaclyn Shelton, Meryn Sim, Michael B. Slack, Noriaki T. Smith, Noah R. Spence, Brock D. Staller, Michelle L. Stevens, Ashley E. Stuart, Amy E. Sweeney, Braeden C. Sykes, Benjamin V. Ta, Hoi Yee H. Tang, Rebecca R. Terejko, Julie-Anne K. Toda, Chihiro Tokuyama, Lisa Trainor, Andrew F. Trasolini, Daniella Trevisan, Kimberly L. Truong, Justin B. Tsang, Rebecca Unrau, Tera C. Van Beilen, Kym van Duynhoven, Konstantin Vasic, Anthony P. Veerkamp, Sanjot K. Virk, Alyssa R. von Ende, Paul Vu, Dillon J. Wagner, Matthew J. Walden, Adrian Wallace, Sarah N. Wasik, Astrid Weiss, Benjamin O. Whiles, Kimberly Wiersma, Max E. Wight, Alyssa M. Wilk, Jack G. Williams, Emily Wilson, Kevin J. Wilson, Meghan P. Wilson, Kevin Wong, Wai-Sang Wong, Jonathan Wou, Philip Yan, Yi Zhou, Vassil O. Zlatkov 2016 PhD William R. Henderson, Brian C. Horslen, Amy A. Kirkham, Carolyn McEwen, Desmond Mulligan, Nicolien S. van Luijk, Gavin Weedon, Dominik D. Zbogar 2016 MA Megan Kaulius, Shawna Lawson, Donna S. Lee 2016 MKIN Jack L. Boyle, Aaron S. Chew, Tara C. Giallonardo, Kaitlyn V. Greenway, Shawn E. Hetherington, Gillian N. Hinton, Janice Y. Lee, Diana M. Lee, Alexander J. Pason, Rawinder S. Puni, Jacqueline C. Regan, Jesse C. Robertson, Maxwell T. Stanton, Alexander T. Strauss, Christopher M. Wong 2016 MSc Dylan T. Dahlquist, Maha E. Elashi, Janine A. McKay, Carli M. Peters, Alexander D. Rebchuk, Geralyn R. Ruissen, Sean M. Sinden, Regan A. Taylor, Holly Wollmann 2017 BKIN Allen Agco, Coleman Allen, Kerri Anderson, Margarita Andreeva, Joseph E. Antilla, Daniel J. Asch, Dynarajen D. Aurmoogum, Filip Backiel, Ju Sung Bang, Brenden A. Bantayen, Harminder K. Bhachu, Nichelle Bill, Amir Bonyanpour, Anthony P. Bordignon, Marcela A. Botero, William C. Brassigton, Tyson Brooks, Bernadine D. Brown, Matthew J. Buse, Shayne R. Casey-Shaw, Carlee Cater, Benton Chan, Courtney Chan, Janice Chan, Shannon L. Charron, Alan Man-Luen Chau, Carrie Chau, Eric Chau, Christopher Chebaya, Gabrielle K. Cheema, Lu D. Chen, Natalie Chen, Ryh-Sheng Joshua Chen, Stephanie G. Chen, Cynthia H. Cheng, Karen K. Cheng, Jacob Chernoff, Faustina Cheung, Helen H. Cheung, Lisa Cheung, Jeremy S. Chiang, Alexandra Chin, Catherine M. Choa, Jennifer Yuen Yok Chow, Kevin Chu, Pauline Chuang, Andy Chung, Antonia M. Collyer, Michael G. Conte, Kile P. Cooke, Kathryn A. Crawford, Joshua J. Cu, Kristina Cukic, Ashleigh C. Danielsen, Danielle Nicolette S. Dar Juan, Preetkamal K. Dhaliwal, Harjit S. Dhanda, Jaspreet Dhillon, Harleen K. Dial, Aspen H. Dirk, Justin D. Dirk, Derek G. Dong, Nicole Drummond, Justin M. Duncan, Adam Enns, Michelle S. Errico, Ciara Fabian, Yukun Fang, Paige Farquharson, Bryan A. Fong, Gregory I. Fraser, Alice Fu, Brittany D. Fulton, Justin S. Gadey, Megan E. Gallant, Sandra Gerlich, Mona Ghanbari, Gurpreet S. Gill, Roshan S. Gill, Tina Gohar, Kayla D.Graham, Devon J. Gregory, Allan Guan, Ernest R. Guda, Alireza Habibi, Brooke Hamilton, Shelby Harding, Nejat Hassen, Hannah L. Haughn, Derek Hinchcliffe, Andy Ho, Eric Ho, Anh Hoang, Stephanie P. Holbrook, Kamaljeet K. Hoonjan, Scott Howard, William Hsu, Steven Huang, Margaret A. Hultman, Zahra Hussain, Gavin T. Hutton, Rozmin A. Irani, Jarrid M. Ireland, Botond G. Jakab, Leanne N. James, Nicole C. Jang, Ardaman Jaswal, Alfred Jeffrey, Min Chul Jeun, Rupinder R. Jhauj, Holly Jin, Kayla Johnston, Eileen Jue, Christine M. Kaneko, Andrew G. Kanerva, Taylor P. Kapaiwai, Eric M. Kawada, Thomas J. Kellner, Jonathan C. Kim, Suzie Kimball, Keith M. Kitagawa, Hao-Yen Ko, Mitchell E. Kong, Tremayne A. Koochin, Christina J. Kouvousis, Austin G. Kretzschmar, Himani Kukreja, Jeremy M. Kwan, Paul Kwiatkowski, Sherine H. Kwok, Galen Lai, Henry P. Lai, Josephine Pui Ying Kung Lai, Andy H. Lam, Jordan S. Lam, Sze Tung Lam, Vienna Lam, Shaun I. Lampen, Ryan Lau, Matthew D. Law, Olivia M. Lazazzera, Clarence D. Le, Caroline Lee, Cassandra M. Legault, Abigail L. Leung, Clement C. Leung, Gabriel Leung, Herrick Leung, Wyatt M. Lew, Alexander W. Li, Chin Yuan Li, Meilin J. Li, Nicholas K. Li, Tong Li, Bingjun Lin, Brandon J. Lin, Barbara N. Lindner, Amy Liu, Chia Jin Liu, Emily Liu, Kayla A. Liu, Kevin H. Liu, Zaneta C. Lo, Narada A. Lobo, Edward J. Lu, Leon Lu, Yi-Chen Lu, Nino Lawrence Lumba, Aaron Ma, Mackenzie MacDonald, Scott L. MacDonald, Victoria A. Macken, Jeffrey Mah, Zaafar Mahmood, Joshua A. Mar, Daniela Marian, Thomas Maurer, Melanie Mayede, Lara E. McCallion, Leah M. McLellan, Sara McManus, Leah Meanwell, Jason Mehai, Michael Mighton, Andrew I. Milne, Nataliya Minenok, Julia D. Mitchell, Natalia I. Montemayor, Conor S. Morgan, Sayeh Mosapor, Mariah C. Mulligan, Shenjleen Nand, Marcus S. Narsaiya, Nava Naseri, Nazly Naseri, Joao G. Neves, Minh Tue P. Nguyen, Sam Nguyen, Nevena Niciforovic, Cameron K. Nicol, Chang-Ping Nieh, Adam N. Nishi, Caoimhe O’Donovan, Stephanie R. Oey, Robert F. Ogloff, Colleen L. O’Melinn, Alexander J. Pappas, Se Il D. Park, Kelsi M. Parker, Manpreet S. Parmar, Dominique A. Parmentier, Jessica Pastro, William P. Payne, Charles Raphael Perea, Hailey Perry, Carly R. Peterson, Cody Piwowar-Desilets, Kevin Prudencio, Hong Yi Qu, Shaun O. Quan, Conor D. Regan, Travis F. Repka, Ayanna P. Rhindress, Surkhveer Riarh, Sarah F. Richter, Eleanor Roberts, Laura E. Robertson, Tamara D. Roughead, Savanna Rowe, Chris Roydhouse, Clara Ruiz-Larrea Medina, Maximilian I. Russo, Dara K. Rykiss, Linden T. Saip, Mandip Sangha, Zoe Sarafis, Anthony Sarai, Matthew B. Sarmento, Nicole Saxvik, Kyle K. Schank, Katie R. Schertzer, Byron Schlegel, Karson G. Schroeder, Amanda D. Serek, Bojan Sever, Calvin Shao, Shanil N. Sharma, Colin D. Shaul, Julianna Shipanoff, Simo Simic, Margarita L. Sison, Keegan C. Sluis, Eric J. Smith, Marley Smith, Erin E. Stamp, Mitchell Stokes, Christine Strang, Ruben Sung, Caitlin C. Svendsen, Junichi A. Swope, Nicole L. Sydor, Dustin B. Szeto, Michelle Ta, Elie Taillefer, Jessica Tan, Weng Hin Tan, Sing Fun Tang, Christopher S. Taylor, Christine Thomas, Mark G. Thompson, Rachael S. Thompson, Susan Thompson, Thomas Thompson, Matthew A. Tilby, Rachel Tredger, Meng-Ting E. Tsai, Andrew Tsia, Dayton Turchenek, Shawn S. Uppal, Nazifaa Vasaya, Rachel C. Vukovich, Graeme C. Warcup, Justin A. Warford, Carly M. Waring, Alora V. Warren, Marissa L. Weismiller, Mavis Wen, David Wennersbusch, Connor Weyell, Krista Whittaker, Nicholas Wilson, Jessica M. Wong, Kwan Ting Avery Wong, Nicholas K. Wong, Rokin L. Wong, King Tze Woo, Michael L. Wu, Kelly B. Wunderlich, Hee Jun Yoon, Timothy C. Young, Allison M. Yu, Jeremy S. Yung, Cynthia Zawilski, David Zhang, Andrei R. Zipis, Patryk L. Zuk, Ingrid Zwaiman 2017 PhD Erica V. Bennett, Paolo B. Dominelli, Alexandra Korotchenko, Catherine Mills 2017 MA Nadine Kallas, Jade A. Werger, Danielle C. Wilson 2017 MHPCTL Matthew C. Lebourdais, MKIN Steven Ahuja, Madeline M. Belding, Mina O. Gerges, Jesslyn L. Hodge, Kai L. Kaufman, William E. Marsh, Jeremy Martin, Mitchell Mayville, Victoria E. Miliucci, Daniel J. Smith, Christopher Taylor, Lisa White 2017 MSc Raid Abdullah M Alamro, Elliott Boake, Joshua M. Bovard, Jennifer M. Brousseau, George S. Grose, Damian Manzone, Laura A. McCracken, Taha Qaiser, Brandon G. Rasman 2018 BHK Alexander M. Binks 2018 BKIN Joshua T. Abad, Nadia S. Afshar, Michael A. Aghamohseni, Denis M. Aldana, Braeden Allemann, Suvendra S. Anandalingam, Elleni Asimakis, Esther M. Au, Sabreen K. Bains, Alexandria C. Baugh, Nicole J. Beaulieu, Christina E. Bell, Melissa A. Bellman, Danielle Alexandra A. Belmonte, Kimberly Bennett, Arbind S. Bhangu, Parmveer S. Bhullar, Tiffany A. Bilodeau, Kenneth R. Bliss, Kevin C. Boal, Alex L. Bodman, Kiarash Bolouri, Gurjit Boparai, Alexandra E. Bradshaw, Pavneet Brar, Jennifer Brule, Jaylen Canton, Aliana Carlos, Benjamin A. Cave, Garrett T. Chance, Teresa R. Chang, Caitlin D. ChanMcLeod, Emily Chen, Siaw Yee Chew, Sumeet Chhoker, Joanna Chiu, Jea Won Choi, Rosanna Choi, Kris Chow, Jessica Chung, Isabella Cina, Lauralee B. Claridad, Mark C. Coles, Skylar Craig, Stefan Cvoric, Desiree Daley, Noelle K. Dalin, Faraz A. Damji, Hayden Davey, Levi D. De la Giroday, Maria K. Delivuk, Elizabeth R. DeSouza, Jasmin K. Dhanda, William D. Dichuk, Micaela R. Dickhof, Cody Didyk, Jennifer Dinh-Lu, Phillip N. Do, Andrew Dowlatyaridowlatdoost, Erika Dy Ning, Gevorg Eginyan, Chelsea A. Ellacott, Alicia Ellis, Corinne L. Elsbernd, Lauren M. Ensworth, Emily K. Ervine, Gregg L. Eschelmuller, Maria Fawcett, Emily M. Ferguson, Gabriella R. Flemons, Brianna M. Fong, Scott D. Freberg, Cecilia V. Fung, Natasha Gadey, Madison P. Gagnon, Kanwarpreet S. Gandhi, Keihan Gavahi Kashani, Chelsea K. Gill, Navpreet K. Gill, Tyler Gillies, Kazuma Go, Tessa M. Goldberger, Dhaman Gosal, Maria Felicia Ivana Granados, Taylor Grant, Diego F. Grossling, Charles D. Gunn, Erika Gusenbauer, Marina E. Habib, Ajay S. Hara, Natalia Hawthorn, Kyle J. Heine, Sohil A. Heydari, Jesse Holowaty, Simran Hothi, Xinchen Huang, Jordan N. Hum, Jodi M. Hutton, Bradley Huynh, Erisa Ichikawa, Wai Ki Ip, Philip P. Jalalpoor, Gagandeep Jangle, Chloe I. Johnstone, Dannen L. Johnstone, Kristen N. Joy-Correll, Ji Yong Jung, Manjoth Mahabhir S. Kandola, Bhavjot K. Kang, Cassidy M. Kapaiwai, Sarah Keglowitsch, Michael Kent, Jordyn A. Kitchen, Wai Kiu Ricky Kwong, Iris C. Lai, Valerie J. Lang, Choi Yee Lau, Frankie H. Law, Allen T. Lee, Emily H. Lee, Nicole K. Lee, Megan Leong, Constance C. Leung, Kimberly J. Li, Michael C. Li, Yi Li, Ziming Li, Matthew Liao, Alex Lim, Catherine Lim, Alexandra Liutec, Annie Lu, Brandon Q. Luu, Andrea K. Lynn, Darren Ma, Po Wun Winkie Ma, Lindsay E. MacIsaac, Nasia H. Mak, Nicole Mallow, Jasmine Mander, Grace L. Mann, Simone Mann, Kirby G. Marchand, Kiri C. Marcus, Alexandra Marsland, Maryam Mazaheri, Sioban F. McCormick, Jane E. McCulloch, Malcolm R. McDonald, Taylor McElwain, Matthew J. McPhedrian, Maggie Mei, Mariah E. Mirzayan, Kevin Misumi, Shail Moffat-Christy, Jenna K. Montgomery, Katharine E. Muller, Theodore M. Murphy, Ashley D. Nard, Caitlin L. Newman, Felix Ng, Sean Ng, Brandon Ngai, Manpreet Nijjar, Sheila W. Okisa, Paul O’Neill, Oscar Ortiz, Adam A. Osuchowski, YuChen Pang, Soham Parelkar, Daisy Parti, Luke Peddie, Mickylle A. Pelaez, Jennifer M. Peters, Samuel Peterson-Hannon, Charlotte A. Phillips, John V. Poku, Tin-Yan J. Pong, Justin Porter, Parm Preet K. Rai, Aishwarya Ramachandran, Claro Juan M. Ramirez, Christina Ray, Jade Reid, Nico Repole, Ashley Reyes, Kathleen Rickaby, Jongho Rim, Claire M. Robinson, Riley M. Romano, David I. Rosengarten, Olivia R. Ruygrok, Jonathan S. Ryan, Kyle J. Sampson, Charanpreet K. Sasan, Fargol Sattarian, Angelika Sheiman, Brendan P. Shen, Amanpreet K. Shergill, Carmen Shum, Ashna K. Siddoo, Hamraj S. Sidhu, Avilgayle V. Sine, Andy S. Siu, Kathryn M. Soo, Emily Speidel, Joseph Stewart, Peter Stockton, Andrea I. Strusievici, Jacob L. Stubbs, Anne M. Sturdy, Miguel A. Suarez, McKenzie N. Summers, Sophie Sutcliffe, Kerstin E. Swanson, Dane T. Sweeney, Cassidy M. Swenson, Larissa M. Taddei, Serena Tam, Jonathan W. Tan, Mason Tan, Leah F. Taylor, Alex Y. Tham, Elizabeth Theemes-Golding, Amanda A. Thornhill, Justine M. Tobin, Jennifer R. Tolentino, Son Trinh, David Truong, Meng-Chuan Tsai, Cory J. Tuddenham, Dakota S. Turner-Johnston, Brandon F. Underwood, Wesley M. Vannieuwenhuizen, Emilie Vaughan-Jones, Pamela Villavicencio, Brianne R. Wager, Hui Xiang Wang, Xiao Nan Wang, Mina C. Watanabe, William Watson, Claire Watts-Grant, Nicole Weger, Jessa M. Wing, Kamila Wojciechowski, Amanda K. Wong, Clayton H. Wong, Rachel N. Wong, Matthew J. Woo, Robert J. Wood, Emily C. Wootton, Anne Wyrough, Wenxuan Yang, Afrothiti C. Yannitsos, Kyle Chien Jie Yau, Chia Wei Yen, Ethan W. Yeung, Kelly Lok Heng Yiu, Kevin S. Yoon, Min Hee Yoon, Hannah M. Zallen, Grace J. Zhang, Yiou Zhu 2018 PhD Darian Cheng, Mathew Andreas Dolf, David Thomas Hendry, Sarah Koch, Anne M. Lasinsky, Yannick Molgat-Seon, Caitlin J. O’Reilly 2018 MHPCTL MKIN Kyra Dickinson, Amanda M. Jones, Joseph Kugler, Melanie Portal 2018 MSc Kimberly C. Bowman

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 155

ALL-TIME FACULTY ROSTER

Adams, May

Coryell, Don

Innes, Max

McKay, Heather

Sanderson, David

Allen, G.C.

Coutts, Kenneth

James, Carmyn

McKenzie, Donald

Schrodt, Barbara

Anderson, Hejlmar

Crafter, Janet

Johnson, Joseph

Miller, Marjorie

Schutz, Robert

Andreen, Inge

Crocker, Peter

Justice, Wanda

Mitchell, Reid

Segal, Esther

Anthony, Anne

Cunningham, Jean

Kahn, Karim

Montgomery, Patricia

Seminiouk, Dennis

Arnold, Don

Davies, Lorne

Kelso, Jack

Moody, Peter

Sheel, William

Bakogeorge, Andrew

Doroschuck, Eugene

Kennedy, Paul

Morford, Robert

Bancroft, Diane

Eckert, Helen

Klaus, Bruno

Mosher, Richard

Banister, Eric

Faulkner, Guy

Koehle, Michael

Mullins, Peter

Beauchamp, Mark

Franks, Ian

Korchinsky, Nestor

Nemeth, Paul

Belcastro, Angelo

Frisby, Wendy

Kramer, John

Norman, Moss

Bleuler, Sharon

Gallo, Maria

Laithwaite, Albert

Nunney, D.N.

Blouin, Jean-Sébastien

Gautschi, Ed

Lam, Tania

Olsen, L.H.

Boushel, Robert

Gnup, Frank

Langill, Rob

Osborne, Robert

Branda, Alena

Goodwin, Helen

Larcher, Claude

Overall, Cecily

Bredin, Shannon

Gordon, Bonnie

Larsen, John

Pendleton, Gary

Broom, Eric

Gruneau, Richard

Lascari, Arno

Penn, Dick

Brown, Stanley

Hammarstrom, Louise

Lawson, Hal

Pennington, Gary

Brown, Lorne

Henderson, Marion

Laycoe, Bob

Penny, Marian

Bryan, Helen

Hindmarch, Robert

Leeming, Marjorie

Peterson, Karen

Bundon, Andrea

Hodges, Nicola

Legh, Barry

Phillips, R.J. (Bus)

Carmichael, Jean

Hounsell, Barbara

Long, Bonita

Pomfret, Jack

Carpenter, Mark

Houston, Michael

Luke, Moira

Pomfret, Marilyn

Carre, Alex

Howell, Max

Lumholst-Smith, Sonya

Pugh, Lionel

Williams, Inge

Cartmel, John

Hughes, Jane

Marteniuk, Ronald

Puterman, Eli

Wilson, Brian

Chua, Romeo

Hunt, G.A.

Martin, Alan

Ramsey, Richard

Wilson, Gail

Clay, Isobel

Hurd Clarke, Laura

McCrudden, Emma

Rhodes, Edward

Wolfe, Richard

Clement, Douglas

Inglis, Timothy

McEwen, Carolyn

Robertson, Gordon

Wynne, Ivor

Photos, right:

Smith, Frank Sparks, Robert Spence, Donn Taunton, Jack Thibault, Lucie Thomas, Norm Tilley, Anne Treble, Gordon Trevis, Alice Vertinsky, Patricia Vickers, Joan Vincent, Grant Warburton, Darren West, Christopher Whittle, Doug Wightman, Brian Willey, Paul

1. Bob Laycoe

8. Alice Trevis

2. Gary Pennington

9. Reid Mitchell

3. Anne Tilley

156 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Sinclair, Gary

10. Stanley Brown

4. Joe Johnson

1 1. Gary Sinclair

5. Moira Luke

12. Barbara “Bim” Schrodt

6. Bonnie Gordon

13. Nestor Korchinsky and Maury Van Vliet

7. Bob Osborne and Harry Warren

14. Ed Gautschi

1

4

2

3

5

8

6

10

7

11

12

9

14

13

TIMELINE AND LISTS :: 157

INDEX

Alderman, Richard 51 Anderson, Hjelmar (Jelly) 31, 63 Andrew, Fred 34 Anthony, Anne 98 Armour, Jack 34 Arnold, Don 44 Austin, Dave 61 Bakken, Ole 30 Bancroft, Diane 41 Barnes, Bev 69 Bauer, Father David 52, 63 Baxter, Betty 69 Beauchamp, Mark 116, 116, 117 Belcastro Angelo 85 Bennett, W.A.C 61 Birch, Dan 99 Bisset, Ron 45 Blouin, Jean-Sébastien 117, 117 Bodin, Lorne 89 Bonang, Lisa 136 Boushel, Robert 129, 129, 132 Branda, Alena 68 Bredin, Shannon 106, 115, 115, 125 Brimacombe, Keith 104 Broderick, Ken 63, 63 Broom, Eric 78, 78, 98 Brown May (nee Adams) 29, 29, 30, 32, 46, 53, 86, 86 Brown, Lorne 30 Brown, Stanley 54, 78, 95, 95, 96 Bryan, Helen 41 Buchanan, John 61 Buckland, Peter 63 Bundon, Andrea 126, 126 Burke, Orville 31 Campbell, Charles Gordon 51 Canic, Michael 100 Cantu, Carlos 125 Cardinall, Eric 34 Carmichael, Jean 30, 31 Carpenter, Mark 106, 106, 125, 126, 137 Carre, Alex 96 Cartwright, Ethel Mary 17, 18 Chant, Sperrin 95 Chua, Romeo 101, 102, 102 Clarke, Barry 88 Clay, Isobel 30, 31

158 :: MINDS AND MOTION

Clement, Doug 45, 85, 85, 86, 88, 89 Cloutier, Dan 99, 99 Coryell, Don 41 Coutts, Ken 78, 84, 84, 96 Cowan, Jack 44 Crocker, Peter, 105, 105, 133, 133 Crompton, Don 61 Cunningham, Jean 98 Cunnings, Don 54, 58, 58, 59 Cuttell, Rick 74, 75 Davies, Lorne 61 De Mille, Noel 22, 22 Dennison, John 53 Dinghard, Johannes 21 Drake, Clare 40 Eckert, Helen 40, 40, 41, 55 Elmer, Ken 74, 74, 75 Farrar, David 125 Faulkner, Guy 123, 123, 125 Finlay, Sara-Jane 125 Fishleigh, Maureen 69 Foster, Glen 138 Frank, Blye 5, 133, 5, 160 Franks, Ian 84, 84, 88, 97, 100, 100, 133 Fredrickson, Frank 34 Frisby, Wendy 91, 100, 100, 101, 125 Gage, Walter 74, 74 Gallo, Maria 117, 118, 118, 137 Gieni, Kyle 139 Gilmour, George 32 Glassford, Gerry 52, 83 Gnup, Frank 41, 41, 60, 61, 63, 73, 76 Goodwin, Helen, 52, 52 Goodwin, Henry 17 Gordon, Bonnie 98 Grant, Alan 135 Grant, Wendy 65, 65, 69 Grantham, Peter 86, 141 Greathed, Ed 103, 103 Griffith, Clyde 58, 58, 86 Gromer, Deborah 122, 133 Gruneau, Rick 85, 97 Guild, Kathy 114 Gunn, Chan 141

Haar, John 63 Hamilton, James Douglas 38, 38 Han Joo Eom 100 Hanly, Ciara 141 Hansen, Rick 90, 91 Harrison, Fran 122, 133 Hartley, Sandra 63, 68, 68 Henderson, Neil 51 Henry, Franklin 52, 82 Hindmarch, Bob 41, 52, 55, 63, 72, 72, 73, 78, 86, 87 Hodges, Nicola 106, 107, 108, 108, 125 Hopkins, Trish 85, 85 Houston, Michael 101, 101 Howell, Max 43, 50, 50, 51, 55, 82, 94 Hughes, Clara 127 Huhn, Kady 128 Hungerford, George 62, 62, 63 Hunt, Ted 43, 51, 53 Hurd Clarke, Laura 106, 114, 114 Inglis, Tim 101, 104, 104, 117 Innis, Max 54 Jackson, Roger 62, 62, 63 Jardine, Doug 105 Johnson, Joe 75 Jolly, Suzanne 125, 135 Jones, Tom 75 Kahn, Karim 106, 107, 107 Kainer, Joe 64 Kao, Amy 135 Kelso, Jack 78, 78 Kennedy, Paul 117, 119, 119, 137 Kenny, Douglas 83, 83, 91 Kenyon, Gerry 52, 82, 95 Kininmonth, Peter 39 Klinck, Leonard Sylvanus 14, 15 Koehle, Michael 117, 118, 118, 123, 138, 141 Korchinsky, Nestor, 76, 76, 89 Kramer, John 125, 125, 126 Krogh, August 21 Kyle, Doug 45, 89 Labreche, Jane 99, 99 Laithwaite, Albert 31, 31, 32, 39, 42, 50, 55, 82 Lam, Tania 106, 107, 109, 109, 138 Lamb, Arthur Stanley 19, 19

Langill, Rob 99, 99, 117, 133, 135 Larsen, John 54 Lawson, Hal 84, 86, 114 Lee, Bob 103 Leeming, Majorie 39, 40 Legh, Barry 73, 73, 89, 125, 133, 133 Leonard, Stan 63 Lett, Sherwood 13, 14, 29 Leuty, Robyn 122 Lin, Halton 135 Ling, Pehr Henrik 21 Liu, Yuanlong 100 Lloyd-Smith, Rob 88 Logan, Harry 14 Long, Bonnie 54 Longpré, Simone 122, 133 Lord, Arthur 14, 14 Loverock, Patti 74, 75 Luke, Moira 98 Lumholst-Smith, Sonya 100, 100, 103, 125 MacKenzie, Norman 15, 26 Mackie, Bill 63 Mackie-Morelli, Anne 74, 75 Manson, Kathy 135, 137 Marshall, Hugh 33 Marteniuk, Ron 78, 95, 95, 96 Martin, Alan 101 Massey, Vincent 39 Matheson, Gord, 85, 85 Matheson, Rod 64 Matthews, Whit 59 Mattison, Ron 85, 85 Mawdsley. Dorothy 39 May, Penny 74, 74 McCrudden, Emma 124, 124, 126 McDermott, Nora 29, 29, 34, 34 McEwen, Carolyn 126, 126 McFarlane, Brenda 65, 65 McGarry, Tim 100 McGavin, Allan 85, 96 McGavin, Gerald 51 McGovern, Terri 65, 65, 69 McGregor, Malcolm 75, 75 McIntosh, Patricia 43 McKay, Heather 101, 101 McKenzie, Don 85, 85, 86, 96, 96, 99, 100, 118, 123, 133 McLeod, John 45

McTavish, Spence 73, 73 Miller, Donovan 75, 75 Miller, Majorie 39, 41 Mills, John 64 Mitchell, Read 34, 34, 41, 60 Montgomery, Patricia 55 Moody, Peter 98 Moore, Gertrude 22,23, 23, 26, 76 Morford, Bob 43, 51, 82, 83, 83, 86, 91, 91, 94, 97, 114, 141 Mosher, Dick 63, 89, 96, 96, 97 Mosher, Merv 75, 78 Mullins, Peter 43, 43, 54, 55, 61, 64, 64, 89, 89 Nelford, Terry 34, 40 Norman, Moss 137 Ohman, Dale 64, 75 Ono, Santa 127 Osborne, Robert (Bob) 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 38, 39, 50, 54, 55, 59, 76, 78, 79, 79, 83, 96 Ostrom, Brock 41 Owen, John 60, 60, 85, 141 Owens, Jesse 28 Partridge, Dave 100, 100 Pavelich, John 34 Penn, Dick 34, 40, 41 Penn, Gordon 41 Penney, Marian (nee Henderson) 30, 31, 55 Pennington, Gary 98 Peterson, Marilyn 46, 95 Phagura, Karn 140 Phillips R.J (Bus) 39, 41, 55, 59, 70, 74, 74, 86 Piper, Martha 104, 112, 112, 127 Pomfret, Jack 28, 28, 31, 38, 45, 55, 60, 64, 69, 69, 75, 89 Pomfret, Marilyn (nee Russell) 59, 61, 65, 65, 70 Poole, Jack and Darlene, 141 Popowich, Bill 44, 87 Popowich, Dianna 87, 87 Porteous, Mac 34 Pratt, Charles Edward (Ned) 22, 22, 38 Preston, Harry 63 Pretty, Wayne 44 Pugh, Lionel 73, 74, 74 Puterman, Eli 126, 126 Putman, J. Harold 21

Rakiecki, Diane 84, 84 Ramsey, Dick 54, 54, 76 Read, Frank 43, 44, 45 Rhodes, Ted 78, 86, 96, 99, 99 Robertson, Gord 84 Sainas, Bill 34 Sanderson, David 85, 97, 98, 98, 99, 122 Sankey, Derek 64 Sargent, Joanne 65, 65, 69 Sawula, Lorne 75 Saxvik, Nicole 141 Scagel, Bob 114 Schrodt, Barbara (Bim) 46, 47, 59, 65, 78 Schutz, Bob 78, 94, 94, 98, 101, 102, 105, 113 Schutz, Donald 94 Sedgewick, Garnett 14 Sequeira, Christina 135 Shearman, Jackie 34 Sheel, Bill 106, 109, 109, 138, 141 Shields, Kathy (nee Williams) 65, 65 Shields, Ken 65, 65 Shore, Don 43 Shrum, Gordon 14, 14, 27, 28, 41, 61 Sinclair, Gary 53, 53, 78, 87, 87, 97, 99 Sleighthome, Jean 28, 28, 29 Slight, Carol 39 Smith, Casey 73 Smith, Clyde 85, 85 Smith, Donald Alexander (Lord Strathcona) 17 Smith, Frank 73, 73, 88 Smith, Lindsey, 122 Smith, Marshal 43, 43, 54 Smith, Michael, 102, 103, 103, 104 Smithmaniuk, Bill 26, 26 Sparks, Bob 85, 91, 97, 113, 113, 122, 122, 123, 126, 128, 129, 133 Sparks, Ray 113 Spence, Donn 53, 53, 61, 73, 73 Spray, Bob 39, 39 Squire, Gordon 54 Steele, Glenn 88 Storey, Evelyn 13 Storlund, Cliff 135 Strangway, David 86, 86, 96, 96, 99, 103, 104 Stuart, Gavin 117

Taylor, Bryce 52 Tetzlaff, Wolfram 126 Thibault, Lucie 101 Thiessen, Albert 54 Thompson, Gary 63 Thompson, Wayne 63 Thomson, Bill 88 Thorsen, Ron 61, 61, 64 Tilley, Anne 52, 52, 98 Todd, Otis Johnson 14, Toope, Stephen 122, 127, 127 Tremblay, Josh 138 Trevis, Alice 46, 55 Turner, John 75 Urbaniak, Bernice 135 Van Vliet, Maurice (Maury) 22, 22, 26, 54, 68, 76, 95 VanWynsberghe, Rob 122, 122, 123 Vertinsky, Patricia 97, 97, 107 Vickery, Norm 65, 65 Valdal, Ash 63 Warburton, Darren 106, 107, 107 Warren, Harry 14, 14, 63, 75, 75 Warren, Victor 63 Watt, Norman 34, 61 Webber, Bill 141 Webster, Joan (nee Pilcher) 77, 77, 89 Weir, George 21 West, Chris 125, 125, 126 Whittaker-Bleuler, Sharon 98 Whittle, Doug 29, 31, 43, 43, 44, 55, 78 Whyte, Bill 50, 63 Wild, Ed 45 Williams, Inge 98 Wilson, Brian 106, 114, 114, 125, 137 Wilson, Gail 70, 70, 89, 125, 128, 133 Wilson, Ruth 32, 32 Winslade, Ken 58, 58, 59, 61 Woollard, Bob 117 Wright, Lee 63 Wright, Thelma (nee Fynn) 74, 74, 75 Wynne, Ivor 31, 31 Young, John 63

Tarasov, Anatoly 87 Taunton, Jack 85, 85, 86, 88, 123

INDEX :: 159

FROM THE WELCOMING CEREMONY FOR ROB BOUSHEL ON JULY 08, 2015 DEDICATION OF BRENT SPARROW PANEL CARVING, THE JOURNEY

Photography by Don Erhardt

Left to right, Musqueam Elder Larry Grant, Brent Sparrow, Rob Boushel, Bob Sparks, Dean Blye Frank

Brent Sparrow’s autobiographic panel carving, The Journey,

Kin Stone – Passing of the Leadership of the School

depicts three eagles circling a central human face. Within

Malachite green is the official academic colour of kinesiology

the wings of the eagles are faces of ancestors who are guid-

and has adorned the BKin and MKin regalia since the first

ing the spirit of the central figure, Brent’s father, away at the

graduating classes. The mineral malachite was prized for

end of his life. Based on the actual event when more than

amulets and ornamentation dating back thousands of

seventy bald eagles circled the family home in Musqueam,

years and is thought to symbolize qualities of enlightened

Brent’s portrayal broadly encompasses the spiritual journey

leadership, creativity, confidence and protection. The school

of life of us all, which includes the journey of learning,

acquired a piece of malachite for ceremonial use that

growing and maturing as individuals and as a community.

was dedicated at the Imagine Day welcome ceremony on

Eagles represent pride, determination, and friendship. As

September 02, 2014 as the Kin Stone. The artifact symbolizes

dedicated to the school, with the artist’s support, the panel

the school’s commitment to student learning and success,

embodies the common journey that we share as faculty,

and the role of the director in protecting, preserving, and

staff and students and our relationship with Musqueam

supporting this commitment. The leadership succession

people that we hope will grow and prosper. There is a real

ceremony for the school entails the outgoing director

opportunity here to work together on common goals. There

investing the new director with responsibility for the school

is much to be done and much that we can do together.

by passing the Kin Stone.