Sustainable Design project - Retrofit car park into a community space

Springwood Tourist Center Khyati Saxena (480407278)

Portfolio

MARC4002, Sem 2 2019

79%

participants

of Nature Based Recreation Activities

52%

tourists

participating in nature based tourism

Introduc on

S

et in Springwood, this project is designed with day tourists in mind. For the people who go to the Blue

Mountains for the purpose of hiking, camping,

mountain biking, and other NBRAs. According to a recent Nature Based Recreation Strategy for Blue Mountains, 79% of residents age 18 and over participate in regular Nature Based Activities. More than 52% of tourists participate in some form of nature tourism, while the backpackers make highest portion of these tourists. The strategy calls for an improvement in infrastructure to support access, accommodation and entertainment needs of these visitors.

Introduc on

Promote the Nature based recreational activities (NBRA) near Springwood.

Provide a place for the youth of Springwood.

An arrival point for people taking the train as well as people driving into town

Café

Provide a physical and functional connection between the town and the surrounding mountains.

PROJECT

GOALS

In accordance to “Area 1 Sport and Recreation Needs Assessment”, “Nature Based Recreation Strategy

Rooftop bar and garden

An economically viable project.

Achieve improvements in urban fabric of the town to make it a walkable town.

2004", the program of the building was developed. The urban planning committee also expressed concerns that the day tourists are not bringing in revenue

Short term stay hostel

to the town. Which brings us to the proposal of the project:

Rent and retail store for NBRA gear (Cycles, camping gear, etc)

PROJECT

PROPOSALS

Reuse the old parking structure with minimal wastage.

Clima c Analysis

D

espite being located in the mountains,

S p r i n g wo o d h a s a

tropical climate. The relative humidity is high throughout the year. The temperatures are low in winters and high in summers.

Climatic analysis shows that the building must be well ventilated and utilize solar passive heat gain to reduce energy consumption and increase thermal comfort.

(Bom.gov.au, 2019) (McGee, 2013)

Sustainability Goals

Sustainability Goals

UN

Sustainability Goals

Ÿ Reduce emission

Ÿ Reduce air pollution – introduction of bike lanes

Ÿ Increase adaptation efforts towards old buildings

and underutilised spaces

and reduction of vehicular movement

Ÿ Access to clean transport – walkable towns and

Ÿ As an example of Building recycling project -

Potential of having a national level effect

electric bike charging stations around town

Ÿ Large scale impacts for the country – create a

project of replicable capacity throughout the country

Ÿ Clean energy sources Ÿ Energy efficient buildings (United Nations

Sustainable Development, 2019)

3 LEGS OF SUSTAINABILITY Urban level strategies Building level strategies

CULTURE/ECONOMY

Ÿ Generating economy from day

visitors

Ÿ Pedestrian movement increases

interaction of visitors with the local shops. Ÿ Information and management centre for NBRAs in Springwood Ÿ An opportunity for the youth to have a place of their own and get involved with town. Ÿ Promoting Nature based activities (NBRAs)

ENERGY

Ÿ Solar panels on existing bus stations for Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

electric bicycle charging Passive heating and cooling systems: Thermal labyrinth from the discarded concrete in the building Solar chimney Daylighting by using courtyards and solar tubes Low embodied energy materials (rammed earth panels, glass, and resourced timber) Solar panels on the roof with proper orientation.

MOBILITY

Promoting public transport A Cycle-able town A Walk-able town Connecting the two parts of blue mountains by pedestrian and cyclist bridges Ÿ A completely cycle-able building

Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

Urban Strategies

Primary and secondary Entry points

Main entrance to town Unchanged Secondary entrances modiďŹ ed to reduce vehicular movement in town

Pedestrian entrance enhanced

Commercial front and town centre

Main town centre which will beneďŹ t from being vehicular free

Commercial front areas.

BeneďŹ t from vehicular access

Connection to the bush

Physical and functional connection between the north and south of mountains via the town

2 stages of making the town vehicle free Stage 1: Shared pathway in the town centre to check viability of making the town centre vehicle free.

Stage 2: A car and bus free central axis road for pedestrian and cycle axis.

Water filtration system using swales

Swales run along the main roads which have high vehicular activity. The water runs through the swales, gets filtered and then joins the ground water table

Swales along road side

Water purification as part of landscaping on site 3

One major part of master plan is to treat the runoff water from the roads which is carrying the pollutants from the road network to the waterways of the mountains. Polluting groundwater as well as the waterways in the national park.

Swales help purify water and recharge ground water by reducing water runoff speed. Providing these along the roadways, is an efficient way to treat water runoff with minimal intervention.

Adding plantation improves the water quality naturally.

Site No.3 has been identified as a water sensitive site. Proposing a water treatment park on this site allows the town to keep its open space while purifying water runoff. The site is also the connection to south of the mountains, making it relevant to keep it open.

(Susdrain.org, 2019)

Project Development

Master plan Stage1 Interim Design Daylight Study

Master plan Stage1

Interim design

Interim design

Interim design

Interim design

Interim design

Daylight study - Physical model

Afternoon Sun

Evening Sun

Heliodon daylight study to check courtyard application Morning sun

Daylight study - So ware Sefaira daylight analysis after courtyard addition. The lower oor dose not receive enough daylight.

While all the activity spaces are well lit throughout the year

Sefaira daylight analysis after further integration of skylights and solar tubes improved daylighting of lower oor observed

Heliodon daylight study to check courtyard application Morning sun

Existing Car park analysis

Building Details

What's working?

Very eďŹƒcient car park which is well utilised Minimal architecture Grid structure Existing comfortable ramps Location and visibility of building Views of the Blue mountains Orientation and placement on contours What's not working?

Floor height is too less for daylight to reach internal spaces Unimpressive architecture Underutilised functions Just a car park Opportunities Designing for a future less dependent on cars An example project of adaptation Prime location to cater to visitors of Springwood

Process of Removal

Original Building

Remove slab – To gain height Remove Balustrades –To create lightness

And then remove some more – Let in more light, and openness. Keeping only what we need

Process of Addi on Addition of ramps: More functional and dynamic movement

Addition of Green interaction: Bringing life into the concrete structure by addition of low maintainable foliage.

Addition of Activity: Functions added: -CafĂŠ -Rent and retail store for Nature Based Rec Activities (NBRA) -Lodging for adventure enthusiasts -Rock climbing external walls

Solar panels, solar tubes, and localised radiant solar heating and cooling system for hostel

Passive heating and cooling by thermal labyrinth from the discarded concrete. Solar Radiant heating and cooling for hostel rooms.

Car ramp Rooftop bar and garden Hostel Cycle ramp wrapping around the building Vertical ďŹ ns to block out summer sun from SE and SW

Building Details

Existing tree

Rent and retail store for NBRA gear CafĂŠ for visitors and commuters Internal courtyard garden. Facilitating stack ventilation Thermal labyrinth for passive heating and cooling Ramp connecting to North of the bush

Axonometric view

Facade development and movement Facade development: Vertical ďŹ ns to cut out hot summer sun in the morning and evening Green lattice to improve air quality at the parking while and facilitate ventilation Green lattice to provide shading and ventilation on upper oor near the hostel and bar while maintaining views Glass facade on the north maintaining the visual connection, The glass skin also helps heat up the front courtyard during winters and helps air movement in thermal labyrinth,

Movement of cars in the building

Functional zoning of building.

From back to front: Cars, services, new functions and public open spaces

Movement of pedestrians and cyclists in the building

Hea ng, cooling, and ven la on Heating, cooling, and ventilation demands: The met rate of occupants in this building would be a little higher which makes air movement the most eďŹƒcient way to provide thermal comfort.

As the building dose not demand strict extents of air temperature, natural ventilation and passive cooling heating of the internal spaces will be enough.

This is true of all spaces except for the rooms. There needs to be cooling and heating system for the rooms. The building uses Solar water for

radiant cooling and heating

of the spaces as is shown in the

diagram..

Thermal labyrinth working diagram

Thermal Labyrinth: The discarded concrete from the building is crushed and transformed into concrete panels. These panels are arranged to form the thermal labyrinth on the lowest oor of the building.

Principle: As with all ground coupling, the basic principle is that the ground temperature is much more stable than the ambient conditions. Passing cold or warm air over a surface at a certain temperature will bring the air temperature closer to the ground temperature. Very little additional equipment or ground intervention is needed. The heating up of northen facade move the air upwards, drawing in the air from the labyrinth. The air movement internally is passive and the vents in the oor draw the air upwards - which is of thermally comfortable temperature. (Designingbuildings.co.uk, 2019)

Plan - First oor

Scale 1:200

Multilevel Parking

Multilevel Parking

Storage Rent and retail store

Kitchen Storage

Kitchen

CafĂŠ seating Toilets

Admin

Courtyard

Plan - Second oor

Scale 1:200

Multilevel Parking

Multilevel Parking

Hostel room

Rooftop bar and garden

Admin Storage Community kitchen Solar Hot water storage Courtyard Hostel rooms

Toilets CafĂŠ seating

Site Sec on Scale 1:300

Blue mountains

Great Western Highway

Pedestrian/Cyclist bridge

Pedestrian Underpass

Pedestrian/Cyclist bridge

Train Station

Macquarie Road

Town Residential/ Retail/Commercial

Sec on 1 Scale 1:200

Sec on 2 Scale 1:200

Sec on 1 Scale 1:200

Sec onal Perspec ve

Building Views

Physical Model

Scale 1:200

Site Model Scale 1:500

References Bluemts.com.au. (2019). Blue Mountains. [online] Available at: https://www.bluemts.com.au/ [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

Bom.gov.au. (2019). Springwood Weather. [online] Available at: http://www.bom.gov.au/nsw/forecasts/springwood.shtml [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

Designingbuildings.co.uk. (2019). Ground preconditioning of supply air. [online] Available at: https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Ground_preconditioning_of_supply_air [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

Masia, S. (2019). Passive Solar Heating | American Solar Energy Society. [online] Ases.org. Available at: https://www.ases.org/passive-solar-heating/ [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

McGee, C. (2013). Passive design | YourHome. [online] Yourhome.gov.au. Available at: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

Sefaira Architecture. (2019). Trimble Inc. Susdrain.org. (2019). Swales & conveyance channels overview. [online] Available at: https://www.susdrain.org/deliveringsuds/using-suds/suds-components/swales-and-conveyance-channels/Swales-conveyance-channels.html [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

United Nations Sustainable Development. (2019). About the Sustainable Development Goals - United Nations Sustainable Development. [online] Available at: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/ [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].

V, M. (2019). Thermal Labyrinths. [online] Energy Systems & Sustainable Living. Available at: https://ecoandsustainable.com/2014/09/19/thermal/ [Accessed 18 Nov. 2019].