8
^\[ XVWZY]UW
'7#2#&,"# #
9
"GA P,?# 7 &P
q{ tt k n z m e n z xx { t f t d {f xt rn n { fd a j z f n t {x at x d k {a b d tar ` { f_
~}|
¢ tt x bf a z § z a t{ d _
ŲÁ¹¿¾³º²Á¼¿¶¶Á¾ÄÁ¸¿±¾ ¿±º»Ã²´ºÄ´¹µº¿Â¾Ã¾ ¯Ã·À¿®¾°¬½«ª©«¨
àÓÖÞÌËÛÌØß×ÌËßË×ÓÔÚÑÒÜË ÕÔËÐÏÙÎÍËÊÞÛÒÕÝÑÕÔÖËÉÈË ÕÝÝÞÌÝËÊÌÇËÜÌßÇÆ
2012 - 916 pgs
2025 - 358 pgs
1973 - 348 pgs
~á~
ff {f n k { § z n _
æ
2??@½<;?A>+0½?@:63½ 63;A>01;?198;6=½>=½ />7+6-½,.*4)(''&
tt b d {f n k tn { f ½«ª
é
9\ú øûõóóöZ÷ò]ýôðû
í
a í b z m d { x{f ` { f j d m t z z m n j fd td { x z d a{f{f z t z a d x d d { f b fd x fa{d fx _
x x f d e n k f { nx n _
í
é
}
q m {a {f a n {f x t { { f x j fd a _ n z d tB _
éíí
éíí
|
éíí
éííé
{ a z t
{f t { n a z ®{f n t{ d {z _
§ z { n j ff{ ´ { { ®_
n x a éíí d xnz f _ § z n _B
éí
éí æ
éí
t { n
éí
Õ\ \[ chiÎUZ ZcdbÎ
n t{ d {f e n k { b{ _
{ x t { Mf f z d t f § x Y
x d d t
éí í
~~á
{ a n z d tk { j t {f t bx {f antt n a{ f x fd t {f {fdn k z a z n a x _
ihfdlcebdai
éíí
{f n nz d d{ r{frx { a t
8\[
éíí
æ
éí
éí
éíí
Õ\\\[ ÏdadÌlÎXÎdi
éííí
{f n { mf bf a z {f { a { f b{ xnt n a n {f x t { { f x j z m{f e n z t f fd x d b{d nd{ fx _
á
éí
i fxS f tt
t x d t q{ x ttj f éæ tdj J
éí í b { t d x d a b z fk t{ { f {f zn {x_ j { d b{ {
a x{ t z d{ j t d {f f x t { { fd { m{f x _
{ z d q{ x tt
a{ it xm {f e n W§k é r { x _
Õ\Õ\[ bÎøÎX aZ ød
d{ { t z d{ f a z d b nd{ fx f b{ x f f j x x z z{f{z t{ {x fd { n tt {m{f j z {®{f {t{ fd {f f {z x d{ { f tj ` r t n _
éíé
ff {f n k a{f t x d{ r{frx { aj t z a{ x a z ¡ Y t q tt 4Ê¿¤´® ´®¹²È«½¹Ê½ Ź´©4È© Ȣʹ§ ° ½
éíéæ
{ t a n f § _ x _×
éíé
{f d K J z q ttj x fd { n a xn d f x { { z fd x zznf{ z{d {dr fd z{x_
ÅÀÁ¾C½ÄüÂCC
!
@DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BCD8;CE53GC=BB3C>DBCI<523CHB2BEC50C /5G9B-C>DBCM8G84L3B,;CM5;>C83>LIL?8>B+-CL30E9B3>L8E-C83+C I9E>9<8EE1C+B0L3L3GC<BEB8;BC50C>DBC1B8<*CKL;>5<LI8EE1-CL>C M8<7;C08;DL53,;C:3B2C1B8<-.C;B>>L3GC>DBC>53BC05<C>DBC L3+9;><1C2L>DCL>;CE8<GB;>C?8GBCI593>;-C=LGGB;>C8+JB<>L;L3GC L3JB;>MB3>;-C83+CM5;>C8M=L>L59;CI<B8>LJBC+L<BI>L53*C@DBC 8JB<8GBC?8GBCI593>C05<C8C/5G9BCL;;9BCL;C8=59>C(''C?8GB;-C
I5M?8<B+C>5C>DBC8JB<8GBCFB?>BM=B<C/5G9BCL;;9BC8>C8<593+C A''C?8GB;*C&L>DL3C/5G9B,;CEBG8I1-C>DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BC ;1M=5EL4B;C89>D5<L>1%CL>C;D52I8;B;C>DBCM8G84L3B,;C B+L>5<L8ECJL;L53-CL>;C?52B<C>5C;D8?BC><B3+;-C83+CL>;C<5EBC 8;C8C>8;>BM87B<CL3CGE5=8EC;>1EB)
$3C>DBC=<58+B<C08;DL53CI5MM93L>1-C>DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BCL;C ;BB3C8;C8C=B3IDM8<7C50C<BEBJ83IBC83+CLM?8I>*C6B;LG3B<;-C M5+BE;-C?D5>5G<8?DB<;-C83+C=<83+;C8EECJLB2CL>C8;C8CI8<BB<C MLEB;>53BC83+C8C?52B<09EC?E8>05<MC05<C+B=9>L3GC3B2C I5EEBI>L53;-CL+B8;-C83+CLM8GB<1*C$>;CL30E9B3IBCB#>B3+;C08<C =B153+C>DBC?<L3>B+C?8GB"CB8IDCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BC=BI5MB;C8C I9E>9<8ECM5MB3>C>D8>C<B0EBI>;C2DB<BC08;DL53CL;CDB8+B+C83+C 2D8>CI53JB<;8>L53;C2LEECG9L+BC>DBC;B8;53C8DB8+*
@DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9B,;CI5JB<;CD8JBC<B0EBI>B+C>DBCB+L>5<L8EC JL;L53C50C>DBCM5MB3>-CBJ5EJL3GC+<8M8>LI8EE1C93+B<C]<8IBC
W OTS
pL<8=BEE8C83+CE8>B<Cd338C&L3>59<*CpL<8=BEE8C08J5<B+C8C IEB83B<-CM5<BC93+B<;>8>B+C8??<58ID-C50>B3CIB3>B<L3` M5+BE;C2D5CBM=5+LB+CM5+B<3-C2B8<8=EBCBEBG83IB*C&L3>59<C ><83;05<MB+C>DBCI5JB<;CL3>5CI9E>9<8ECBJB3>;-w L3><5+9IL3GCIBEB=<L>LB;-C=5E+B<C;>1EL3G-C83+C8CM5<BC
QO
X OPN
38<<8>LJBo+<LJB3CLM8GB)
nD5>5G<8?DB<;CEL7BCzLID8<+CdJB+53-CF>BJB3CpBL;BE-Cp8<L5C @B;>L35-C83+Cd33LBCsBL=5JL>4C=BI8MBC;13531M59;C2L>DC>DB;BC I5JB<;-CB8IDC+B0L3L3GC>DBCJL;98EC>53BC50C>DBL<CB<8*C dJB+53,;C;><L7L3GC?5<><8L>9<B-CpBL;BE,;C;B8;53o+B0L3L3GC M5+BECB3;BM=EB;-C@B;>L35,;CGE5;;1CGE8M59<-C83+CsBL=5JL>4,;C IL3BM8>LICIBEB=<L>1C?5<><8L>;C>9<3B+C>DBCFB?>BM=B<CI5JB<C L3>5C53BC50C>DBCM5;>C83>LIL?8>B+CLM8GB;CL3C08;DL53*C @5GB>DB<-C>DBL<C25<7CB;>8=EL;DB+C>DBCI5JB<C8;C8C;38?;D5>C 50C2D5C83+C2D8>CM8>>B<B+CM5;>C>D8>C1B8<*
dC>1?LI8EC353oFB?>BM=B<C/5G9BCL;;9BC8JB<8GB;C('' (A'C ?8GB;-CM87L3GC>DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9B,;C ''o?E9;C?8GB;C8C M8H5<CBJB3>*Cd;Cd338C&L3>59<C=<59GD>C08;DL53C09<>DB<CL3>5C
>DBCM8L3;><B8M-C>DBCFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BC;>B8+LE1CB#?83+B+-C G<52L3GC0<5MC ± C?8GB;CL3C( C>5C8C?B87C50C3B8<E1C ( C ?8GB;CL3C '( *CFL3IBC>DB3-C?8GBCI593>;CD8JBC+BIEL3B+-C <B>9<3L3GC>5C8=59>C A'C?8GB;C=1C ' A)
d;C>DBCL;;9B,;C?<B;>LGBCG<B2-CM5<BC=<83+;C83+C+B;LG3B<;C I5M?B>B+C05<C;?8IBCL3C>DBCM5;>CL30E9B3>L8EC08;DL53C ?9=EL;DL3GCBJB3>C50C>DBC1B8<*CK52BJB<-C2L>DC>DBC<L;BC50C ;5IL8ECMB+L8C83+C+LGL>8EC?E8>05<M;C8;C?<LM8<1C;59<IB;C50C 08;DL53CI53>B3>-C>DBC?D1;LI8ECM8G84L3B,;C?8GBCI593>CD8;C ;>B8+LE1C+BI<B8;B+¡8C;DL0>C8E;5C<B0EBI>B+CL3CL>;CI5JB<;*
ھо×ؾÓCÒÏÏþCÅÀÁ¾C½ÄüÂÏCÍʾÓCÂǾCƾÀÓÏ
»²²²
¹²²
·²²
µ²²
³²²
»Ýܲ
»ÝÜá
»Ý¹²
»Ý¹á
»Ýݲ
»ÝÝá
³²²²
³²²á
³²»²
³²»á
³²³²
³²³á
ìêçíéæèïëîèåäã
ôùìôéæèÝ»·èåäã
ôùô
éæèïáîèåäã
ƾÀÓ
FB?>BM=B<C ' AC/5G9BC
FB?>BM=B<C ' AC/5G9BC
FB?>BM=B<C ' AC/5G9BC
FB?>BM=B<C ' AC/5G9BC +LGL>8EC?E8>05<MC>5CI8>B<C>5C8CM5<BC08;DL53o;?BIL0LIC89+LB3IB* 83+CM5<BCL3>B3>L538EC;>5<1>BEEL3G-C2DLEBCB#?83+L3GC/5G9B,;C
!
½Ç
?<L3>C?<5+9I>C0BBECEL7BC8CI5EEBI>5<,;CL>BM-C2L>DC>DLI7B<C?8?B<C
ZauwaTQaR tOOqa
I9E>9<8ECM5MB3>C<8>DB<C>D83C8C<59>L3BC+<5?*CFDBC8LM;C>5CM87BC>DBC
:
M5<BC>DBM8>LICL;;9B;CB8IDC1B8<-C?5;L>L53L3GCB8IDC53BC8;C8C
&L>DC
9B3>E1C83+C05I9;C53C0B2B<-C
%
Ô¶
¼¼ÀC
¡ ¡ ¡ ¤¢¬¬
¼ÂÄÃÓC
6
M8H5<C<B;><9I>9<L3GC50C>DBCM8G84L3B*C
1
+L>5<L8EC
å
( -C?<5+9IL3GC( CL;;9B;C?B<C1B8<*C@DL;CID83GBCM8<7B+C /5G9BC500LIL8EE1C;DL0>B+C>5C8CM53>DE1C?9=ELI8>L53CL3C
FCL3C ' A-C>DBCM8G84L3BC;LG38EB+C8C;DL0>C¡C0<5MC;DBB<C
DE5BCp8EEBC;>B??L3GCL3C8;CKB8+C50C
*.
>DBC=BGL33L3GC50C2D8>C2BC352C<BI5G3L4BC8;C>DBCM5+B<3C
5
B+L>L53C2LEEC=BC?9=EL;DB+CEB;;C0<B
J5E9MBC>5CI9<8>B+CLM?8I>*Cp8EEBCD8;CB#?<B;;B+C>D8>C>DBC?<L3>C
1 6
/5G9BC
53>B3>C05<C
3+B<CDB<C+L<BI>L53-C
&DB3C]<8IBCpL<8=BEE8C=BI8MBCB+L>5<CL3C( (-C;DBCEB+C8C >D<59GDC;BJB<8EC?9=EL;DL3GC;IDB+9EB;C5JB<C>DBC+BI8+B;*C
v
>D8>C+B0L3B+C83CB<8C50C?<L3>C?<B;>LGB)
B05<BC( -C/5G9BC28;C?9=EL;DB+C2BB7E1C83+C>DB3CM5JB+C
L>;C;DBB<C;I8EB-CE8JL;DCB+L>5<L8E;-C83+CIBEB=<L>1o+<LJB3CI5JB<;C 8DB8+*CKB<CJL;L53C>9<3B+C>DBCL;;9BCL3>5C8CGE5=8ECBJB3>-C73523C05<C +LI>8>B+C><B3+;-CI<523B+C+B;LG3B<;-C83+C;B>C>DBC>53BC05<C>DBC1B8<C >DBC?L338IEBC50C08;DL53C?9=EL;DL3G*CdCI9E>9<8EC=8<5MB>B<C>D8>C
6
3+B<Cd338C&L3>59<,;CEB8+B<;DL?-C/5G9B,;CFB?>BM=B<CL;;9BC=BI8MBC
¡ ¡ ¡
ľC
À
¾C
¹ º ¶ ÓÀ
¾C
¡ ¡ ¡ ¤¢§¤ ¤¢¬¬
ÓÀؾ
ÀC