INSTRUCTOR MANUAL For Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 8e Sareen Gropper, Jack Smith, Timothy by Testbanks solutions(Study guides)

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

Instructor Manual for Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson Chapter 1-26

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter .............................................................................................2 Chapter Overview ..............................................................................................................................2 Chapter Objectives.............................................................................................................................2 Reading Assignments .........................................................................................................................3 Key Terms ..........................................................................................................................................3 What's New in This Chapter ...............................................................................................................3 Chapter Outline .................................................................................................................................4 Answers to Chapter 1 Textbook Review Questions..............................................................................6 Short Answer Key ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Expanded Answer Key ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 Answers to Chapter 1 Workbook Review Questions ............................................................................7 Review Questions ............................................................................................................................................................... 8

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to introduce students to the automotive industry. First, a brief history is provided of the evolution of automobile design and construction. Next, we focus on the numerous and diverse career opportunities available, along with the education and training required for those jobs. Finally, we discuss the requirements for ASE and manufacturer certification. [return to top]

CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter introduces the types of jobs available in the automotive industry, the training and education required for automotive technicians, and the requirements for National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) certification. How and why automotive design and construction have changed and continue to change and how this affects the job of an automotive technician are also discussed. [return to top]

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Upon completion and review of this chapter, the student should be able to: 01.01 Identify and describe the types of jobs available in the automotive industry. 01.02 Explain training and education options for technicians. 01.03 Explain the types of ASE certification. 01.04 Identify the requirements to become ASE certified. 01.05 Describe three reasons for the changes in automotive design and construction. [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

READING ASSIGNMENTS Textbook, pages 1-13 [return to top]

KEY TERMS ASE Education Foundation: An accredited and standardized training program ensuring that required documentation and competencies have been met. collision technician: Repairs a vehicle after it has been involved in a collision or has suffered some type of body or structural damage. entry-level technician: A beginning technician able to perform basic inspections and maintenance services. express technician: An entry-level technician who performs engine oil changes, tire rotations and repairs, and multipoint inspections. lifelong learning: Continuing to learn and acquire new skills as the industry changes. line technician: Certified in multiple areas and has experience with most of the systems on the vehicle. National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE): A testing and certification process providing customers with a way to recognize competent mechanics. parts technician: A person knowledgeable about the auto parts industry and helps find parts for the customer. service advisor: Specializes in communications between the customer and others in the shop using communication and sales skills. Is knowledgeable about vehicle systems, and often can perform some basic shop operations. [return to top]

WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:       

Updated key terms Updated objectives to current ASE MLR standards Increased Word Wall content Updated images and photographs Added information on job descriptions Expanded on post-secondary training Added information on ASE certifications

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

[return to top]

CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; and “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center). Introduce the chapter and review learning objectives for Chapter 1. (PPT Slides 1-3). I. II.

Objectives Review the chapter’s objectives. (PPT Slides 2-3) The Automotive Industry (01.05, PPT Slide 4) A. Discuss the automotive industry as part of the larger domestic and international transportation industry and jobs associated with automobiles as part of a bigger picture encompassing all transportation-related jobs. Note that all transportation industries have changed because of the growth or loss of markets and changes in technology, laws, regulations, and the economy. Any transportation-related career requires the ability to adapt and grow as things change. B. Examine changes in the auto industry in the last 100 years. Describe how at the end of World War II, the American economy needed to change to consumer production. Factories that had been producing war supplies shifted to producing household goods and automobiles. Automotive companies restarted new car production in 1946. Returning veterans and their families needed housing and transportation as suburban areas grew. As more vehicles were sold and more road miles were traveled, more pollution was released into the atmosphere. Auto pollution created a thick, heavy haze over cities, called smog. The California government began to take steps to decrease the amount of pollution produced by cars and trucks. Passage of the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and many more emission control laws have forced vehicle manufacturers to meet increasingly strict exhaust emission standards. C. Explain how the economy and fuel prices during the energy crisis of the 1970s caused a shift in consumer attitudes toward the cars the domestic auto makers produced. New standards required auto makers to reach increasingly higher fuel economy ratings across all their vehicles sold in the United States. D. Detail how the market share of foreign and domestic vehicles shifted. Imported cars had a small percentage of the total automotive market share before the mid-1970s. When oil and gas prices rose, many car buyers started to look at the small, fuel-efficient models offered by Honda, Toyota, Datsun (later Nissan), VW, and others. In 1970, Americans bought about 313,000 Japanese-manufactured vehicles and approximately 750,000 vehicles from Germany. In comparison, sales by General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler exceeded more than 85% of the market. In 2015, sales of imported cars in the United States accounted for about 55% of total sales. E. Describe the electronic revolution and how the production of smaller and less expensive electronic components could be supplied at a lower cost. Features such as power door locks, rear window defoggers, and air conditioning, once expensive options, are standard

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

IV.

equipment on today’s vehicles. Most modern options such as navigation systems, Bluetooth phone integration, and cruise control would not exist without low-cost electronics. F. Explain safety improvements and how the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) has worked to improve vehicle safety by concentrating on three areas involved in motor vehicle crashes: human, vehicle, and environmental factors. Seat belts did not become a standard feature until 1968, due in part to how vehicle manufacturers evaluated vehicle safety and conducted tests. Vehicle crash testing began in 1979. Since then, the United States government, the IIHS, and the auto makers themselves have conducted extensive testing to improve vehicle crashworthiness. This has led to improved vehicle designs that not only reduce injuries but also help prevent accidents from occurring. Vehicles now are designed from the start with safety as a primary concern. This has led to the standardization of many safety systems, such as Antilock brake systems, tire pressure monitoring systems, rear-view backup cameras, and crash test studies. Describe the various careers in the transportation industry: (01.01, PPT 5-13) A. Auto technicians (PPT 5-6) B. Collision technician (PPT 7) C. Parts technician (PPT 8) D. Service advisor (PPT 9) E. Sales (PPT 9) F. Training and education (PPT 11) G. Diesel, heavy-duty, and agriculture technicians (PPT 11) H. Motorcycle and other outdoor power equipment technicians (PPT 11) I. Aircraft technicians (PPT 11) Explain training and education options for technicians (01.02, PPT 14-22)

A. Secondary schools B. Post-secondary schools C. Technical schools D. ASE Education Foundation E. Lifelong learning F. Professional organizations G. Publications Types of ASE certification (01.03, PPT 23-26)

III.

A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.

A1 Engine Repair A2 Automatic Transmissions A3 Manual Transmissions A4 Suspension & Steering A5 Brakes A6 Electrical/Electronics A7 Heating and Air Conditioning A8 Engine Performance A9 Light Duty Diesel L1 Advanced Engine Performance Specialist

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

K. L3 Light Duty Hybrid/Electric Specialist Other ASE Certifications

VI.

A. G1 Maintenance and Light Repair B. F1 Compressed Natural Gas Vehicle Technician C. X1 Exhaust SystemsX1 Exhaust Systems D. B2–B6 Collision Repair and Refinish Technicians E. T1–T8 and L2 Medium/Heavy-Duty Truck Technicians F. B1–B8 Transit Bus Technicians G. S1–S7 School Bus Technicians H. C1 Automotive Service Consultant I. P1, P2, and P4 Parts Specialist The requirements to become ASE certified. (01.04, PPT 27-28) A. Students must take certification tests. B. Need to pass one or more of your eight core automobile tests to receive a certificate. C. Certificates are valid for two years. D. Job experience is not a requirement to take certification tests.

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ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 1 TEXTBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Textbook, pages 14 [return to top]

SHORT ANSWER KEY 1. service advisor 2. entry-level 3. machinist 4. Master 5. lifelong learning 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

EXPANDED ANSWER KEY 1. A person who greets the customer, writes the repair order, and communicates with the technician and the customer is called a service advisor. 2. Most technicians start as entry-level technicians before acquiring the skills necessary to become line technicians. 3. A machinist is a technician who specializes in repairing and rebuilding engines. 4. For a technician to achieve ASE Master Automotive Technician certification, he or she must pass eight tests. 5. The acceptance of lifelong learning means that as a technician, you will need to continue your education and training over the years to stay current with changes in technology. 6. Which of the following would not be considered a responsibility of an entry-level technician? a. Inspect and maintain fluids. b. Check brake pad wear. c. Perform a tire rotation. d. Replace a transmission. 7. Which of the following statements about ASE certification is correct? a. You must attend an ASE Education Foundation-accredited school to become ASE certified. b. ASE certifies automotive, heavy-duty truck, and aviation technicians. c. A technician must pass eight automobile tests to achieve Master Technician certification. d. ASE certification is the same as being certified by the vehicle manufacturer. 8. Technician A says that fuel economy and emission requirements have led to the extensive use of electronics in modern vehicles. Technician B says that changes in safety requirements have caused vehicle manufacturers to rely on electronics and computerization. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 9. Which of the following automotive systems relies on electronic sensing and control? a. Restraint system b. Engine and transmission control c. Brake system d. All of the above 10. Which of the following is a transportation job related to the auto industry? a. Aircraft technician b. Paint and refinish specialist c. Heavy-duty truck technician d. All of the above [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 1 WORKBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Workbook, pages 1-4 [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

electronics 11 million D, all of the above entry-level Perform an engine oil change, service tires and tire pressure monitoring system, inspect the brake system and perform basic brake repairs, replace batteries and either maintain or restore memory functions, replace transmission and differential fluids, flush and refill the cooling system, replace various lights, wipers, and other maintenance items. 6. 6 locate, interpret 7. A, A technicians 8. machinist 9. collision 10. service advisor 11. post-secondary 12. A degree program requires academic coursework in addition to automotive courses. Once complete, a degree can then be applied to further education and obtaining further degrees. A diploma program usually requires only the technical courses to be taken and passed. A diploma may not transfer to another school or allow for continuing education for a degree. 13. National Automotive Technician Education Foundation 14. lifelong 15. D, nine 16. master 17. two years [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

Instructor Manual ROB THOMPSON, AUTOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE & LIGHT REPAIR, 3E, 978-0-357-76662-0; CHAPTER 2: SAFETY

TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ........................................................................................... 11 Chapter Overview ............................................................................................................................ 11 Chapter Objectives........................................................................................................................... 11 ASE Education Foundation Tasks ...................................................................................................... 12 Lab Worksheets ............................................................................................................................... 12 Reading Assignments ....................................................................................................................... 13 Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................ 13 What's New in This Chapter ............................................................................................................. 14 Chapter Outline ............................................................................................................................... 14 Answers to Chapter 2 Textbook Review Questions............................................................................ 16 Short Answer Key ............................................................................................................................................................. 16 Expanded Answer Key .................................................................................................................................................... 17 Answers to Chapter 2 Workbook Review Questions .......................................................................... 18

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

Review Questions ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 Activities ............................................................................................................................................................................... 19

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to show students the importance of safety in the automotive industry. This critically important for anyone entering this field. Safety is more than simply following rules, it is a mindset, a knowledge, and a skill. The chapter explores all of these aspects beginning with personal safety and behaviors, continuing through shop safety, and ending with chemical and fire safety. These should be well understood by all students before entering a shop environment. [return to top]

CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter covers all aspects of safety in the automotive industry. Personal safety and behaviors are discussed first. This includes awareness, clothing, PPE, professional attitude, and safe working behaviors. Next, Shop safety is covered. This includes equipment, lifts, first aid, hazardous wastes, SDS, government agencies, battery safety, high voltage, and moving/running vehicles. Lastly chemical safety is covered which includes common automotive fluids, fuels, solvents, asbestos, and flammable materials. [return to top]

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Upon completion and review of this chapter, the student should be able to: 02.01 Identify and demonstrate the use of personal protective equipment. (ASE RST Safety #10) 02.02 Identify and demonstrate correct behaviors for the automotive shop. (ASE RST Safety #1, 6, 7, 9, 11, & 12) 02.03 Inspect and demonstrate the use of basic shop equipment. (ASE RST Safety #2) 02.04 Identify and use emergency showers and eyewash stations. (ASE RST Safety #8) 02.05 Locate, read, and interpret material safety data sheets. (ASE RST Safety #15) 02.06 Demonstrate safe battery handling. 02.07 Explain how to safely operate vehicles in the shop. (ASE RST Safety #5) 02.08 Identify chemical hazards and demonstrate safe use and disposal of various automotive chemicals. (ASE RST Safety #2 & 5) 02.09 Identify fire hazards and fire extinguishers and demonstrate fire extinguisher use. (ASE RST Safety #7) [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

ASE EDUCATION FOUNDATION TASKS 1.1

Identify general shop safety rules and procedures. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.5

Utilize proper ventilation procedures for working within the lab/shop area. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.6

Identify marked safety areas. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.7

Identify the location and the types of fire extinguishers and other fire safety equipment; demonstrate knowledge of the procedures for using fire extinguishers and other fire safety equipment. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.8

Identify the location and use of eye wash stations. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.9

Identify the location of the posted evacuation routes. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.10

Comply with the required use of safety glasses, ear protection, gloves, and shoes during lab/shop activities. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.11

Identify and wear appropriate clothing for lab/shop activities. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.12

Secure hair and jewelry for lab/shop activities. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.13

Identify vehicle systems which pose a safety hazard during service such as: supplemental restraint systems (SRS), electronic brake control systems, stop/start systems, and remote start systems (Foundational and Workplace)

1.15 Locate and demonstrate knowledge of safety data sheets (SDS). (Foundational and Workplace) [return to top]

LAB WORKSHEETS ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-1: First Aid. Foundational and Workplace: 1.1 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-2: Shop Ventilation. Foundational and Workplace: 1.5 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-3: Identify Marked Safety Areas. Foundational and Workplace: 1.6, 1.8, 1.9 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-4: Fire Extinguishers. Foundational and Workplace: 1.7 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-5: Fire Extinguishers Part 2. Foundational and Workplace: 1.7 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-6: Personal Safety and PPE. Foundational and Workplace: 1.10, 1.11, 1.12 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 2-7: SDS. Foundational and Workplace: 1.15 [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

READING ASSIGNMENTS Textbook, pages 15-41 [return to top]

KEY TERMS air tools: Common automotive tools powered by the shop air system that include impact guns, ratches, grinders, cutoff wheels, and blow guns. asbestos: A hazardous compound that, due to its high heat resistance and insulating qualities, has been used in many automotive applications, especially brake pads and clutch discs. blow guns: An attachment for a shop air hose that is used to blow away dirt and debris and to dry components using a high-pressure stream of air. carbon monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless, toxic gas that is found in the exhaust of a running engine. creepers: A small rolling platform used by technicians to move around under a vehicle that is only raised off the floor a slight amount. creepers: A small rolling platform used by technicians to move around under a vehicle that is only raised off the floor a slight amount. engine hoists: A lifting device used to remove engines from vehicles. eyewash stations: An emergency station in the workplace that enables technicians to quickly irrigate their eyes when exposed to irritants. floor jack: A lifting device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to convert pumping actions on a handle into a smaller upward movement of the arm. hazardous wastes: Any substance that can affect public health or damage the environment. Nearly every liquid, chemical, and solvent used by the vehicle and for service and repair is considered a hazardous waste. mechanical safety latch: A safety device on a lift that engages whenever the lift is lowered; it prevents the lift from falling in the event of a sudden loss of hydraulic pressure. mechanic’s gloves: Cloth or cloth and leather gloves provide protection against minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. nitrile gloves: These are allergy safe and stronger than latex gloves and offer good protection against dirt and chemicals while still being light and comfortable to wear. personal hygiene: Standards of personal cleanliness and grooming that are important for presenting a professional image at the workplace.

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

personal protective equipment (PPE): Clothing and other protective items worn by technicians to minimize their exposure to personal hazards in the workplace. respirators: Any of several types of breathing apparatus designed to protect the technician’s airways from dust and various contaminants. safety data sheet (SDS): Detailed information about a hazardous substance, including: its chemical components; flammability, reactivity, toxicity, and corrosiveness; and first aid instructions for accidental exposure. work ethic: A commitment to the job that is demonstrated by such actions as consistent on-time attendance, dependability, and a positive attitude. Z.87 standard: An ANSI standard for the impact resistance of industrial eyewear. [return to top]

WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:     

Updated key terms Updated objectives to current ASE MLR standards Increased Word Wall content Updated images and photographs Added additional safety on power tool use.

[return to top]

CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; and “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center). ASE Education Foundation accreditation tasks are also listed where applicable (e.g. “ASE RST Safety #10”). Introduce the chapter and review learning objectives for Chapter 2. (PPT Slides 1-3). I.

Objectives Review the chapter’s objectives. (PPT Slides 2-3) II. Personal Safety and Behaviors Discuss the importance of awareness and preparation in order to work safely and productively. A. Discuss clothing and personal protective equipment: (02.01, PPT Slides 4-11, ASE RST Safety #10) 1. Proper automotive clothing. 2. Proper appearance 3. Safety glasses, goggles, and shields and the use of an eyewash station

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

4. Gloves, including mechanic’s gloves and nitrile gloves to protect from chemicals 5. Hearing protection 6. Back braces and safe lifting techniques 7. Protective footwear 8. Respirators 9. Personal hygiene B. Discuss behaviors that affect safety: (02.02, PPT Slides 12-16 ASE RST Safety #10) 1. Working in the automotive shop environment, including maintaining a professional attitude, admitting what you do not know, and accepting personal responsibility and accountability 2. Safe working behaviors, including cleaning up, checking equipment, using flammable chemical safely, not using equipment unless trained in its safe operation, and ensuring that all safety devices and disconnects are functioning properly III. Shop Safety Discuss the importance of understanding and knowing how to operate the types of equipment and tools used in the automotive shop. A. Discuss equipment and shop tool safety: (02.03, PPT Slides 17-2, ASE RST Safety #2) 1. Floor jacks and jack stands 2. Lifts 3. Hoists and cranes 4. Bench grinders 5. Air tools 6. Blow guns 7. Creepers B. Discuss first aid, showers, and eyewash: (02.04, PPT Slides 25-72, ASE RST Safety #8) 1. First aid kits 2. Basic first aid 3. Emergency showers 4. Emergency eyewash C Discuss hazardous wastes and safety data sheets: (02.05, PPT Slides 28-34, ASE RST Safety #15 ) 1. Hazardous wastes 2. Safety data sheets (SDS) 3. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) D. Discuss battery safety: (02.06, PPT Slides 35-43) 1. Battery acid 2. Disconnecting and reconnecting a battery 3. Battery chargers 4. Jump starting 5. Electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle high-voltage batteries E. Discuss running and moving vehicles: (02.07, PPT Slides 44-46, ASE RST Safety #5) 1. Starting vehicles 2. Carbon monoxide and ventilation

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

3. Moving vehicles IV. Chemical Safety Discuss the importance of handling dangerous chemicals properly. A. Discuss oils, lubricants, and coolants frequently encountered in automotive work: (02.08, PPT Slides 47-48 ASE RST Safety #2 & 5) 1. Common automotive fluids 2. Lubricants, cleaners, and greases 3. Coolant handling 4. Coolant recycling 5. Hazardous waste disposal B. Discuss how to deal with fuels technicians come into contact with: (PPT Slide 49) 1. Safety precautions for handling and storing fuels C. Discuss chemicals used for cleaning: (PPT Slide 50) 1. Solvents 2. Aerosols 3. Floor cleaners D. Discuss brake and clutch dust: (PPT Slide 51) 1. Asbestos 2. Wearing PPE 3. Capturing and disposal E. Discuss care in dealing with flammable materials: (02.09, PPT Slides 52-54 ASE RST Safety #7) 1. Common shop flammables 2. Fire prevention and proper handling 3. Fire extinguishers 4. Fire blankets 5. If a fire occurs [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 2 TEXTBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Textbook, pages 41-42 [return to top]

SHORT ANSWER KEY 11. monoxide 12. orange 13. data sheets 14. Personal protective equipment 15. negative, positive 16. B 17. D 18. D

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

19. C 20. D [return to top]

EXPANDED ANSWER KEY 1. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas formed during combustion that can cause illness and death. 2. High-voltage wiring is indicated by orange colored conduit and connectors. 3. Safety data sheets provide information about how a chemical should be stored, handled, and disposed of. 4. Personal protective equipment are the items you wear to -prevent injury while working in the automotive shop. 5. When disconnecting a battery, disconnect the negative terminal first and then the positive terminal. 6. Two technicians are discussing shop chemicals PPE: Technician A says wearing mechanic’s gloves prevents skin absorption of chemicals. Technician B says that a respirator should be worn when working with certain chemicals. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 7. Technician A says that prescription eye glasses will protect you against shop hazards. Technician B says that work boots must meet the ANSI Z.87 safety standard. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 8. All of the following statements are correct except: a. Long hair can be caught in moving machinery. b. Always use jack stands to support the vehicle when lifting with a floor jack. c. Common aerosol chemicals are often flammable. d. Waste oil and antifreeze can be disposed of in the same container. 9. Technician A says that corrosive wastes include items such as car batteries. Technician B says toxic wastes, such as used coolant, must be collected for recycling. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 10. Technician A says that the SDS enforces the employee Right-to-Know standard regarding shop safety. Technician B says that OSHA is responsible for environmental safety regulations. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

d. Neither A nor B [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 2 WORKBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Workbook, pages 7-12 [return to top]

REVIEW QUESTIONS 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

38. 39.

safety C, personal protective equipment D, all of the above 4. Z87 B, bloodborne pathogens hearing Non-slip, oil resistant, safety toed. (response will vary based on school policy) respirator hygiene Work ethic is the idea that personal accountability and responsibility have intrinsic or internal value. (second part of response will vary) (list will vary but should include: cleaning up after oneself, using the correct tool for the job, clean spills immediately, checking electrical cords and plugs before using a piece of equipment, check air hoses and fittings before using air tools, ensure proper operation of floor jacks and stands before use, never using flammable substances near flames or hot surfaces, do not use any equipment until trained properly, make sure all guards and shields are in place before using a piece of equipment) The marked safety zone identifies areas where additional PPE may be required or that only one person should be in the area working at one time or both. floor jack safeties or safety locks gravity, tip (fall) Dressing means to restore the tip or edge to its original condition. Check the shield, guard, cord, plug, and the wheels for damage. Compressed air can seriously damage eyes and can cause severe injury or death if air is blown into the body. (list will vary but should include: check the air hose and fittings, be sure you are trained in proper operation of the tool, use only approved attachments with air chisels, use only discs rated for a grinder or cutoff wheel, use only impact sockets on air impact wrenches, do not spin the socket on the air wrench if the socket is not attached to a fastener, do not hold sockets or air hammer adaptors during use, ensure there is room for your hand when using an air ratchet) Creepers should be stored standing upright against a wall or cabinet. First stop the bleeding. Apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth or bandage, holding pressure for 20 to 30 minutes if necessary. Clean the wound with clean water; avoid using soap as this can irritate the

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

40.

41. 42. 43.

44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58.

wound. Apply an antibiotic such as Neosporin and cover the wound. Change the dressing at least once per day The least serious burns are first-degree burns. This is when only the outer layer of skin is burned. Pain, swelling, and red skin are present. When the first layer of skin is burned through it is considered a second-degree burn. Blisters and significant reddening of the skin are present. The most serious type of burn is a third-degree burn as it involves all of the layers of the skin and can cause permanent damage. hazardous waste Corrosive, flammable, reactive, toxic. Product name and chemical components, information about the substance’s flammability, reactivity, toxicity, and corrosiveness. The types of possible exposure and the health effects for exposure. Correct handling, including the type of PPE required and proper disposal of the substance. First aid for accidental exposure. The EPA oversee the enforcement of laws and regulations regarding the safe handling, storage, transportation, and disposal of hazardous wastes. safety, health explosion Remove the negative first then the positive. Connect the positive first then the negative. off b, dead vehicle engine ground orange Ensure the fuel system is not open, ensure the engine is assembled enough to crank, and make sure tools and other equipment are not under the hood. d, carbon monoxide brake check waste oil flammable mix, separate asbestos b, dry chemicals

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ACTIVITIES 1. (answers will vary based on school) 2. Mechanics gloves – bench grinder, air hammer, sharp metal; Nitrile gloves – blood; Chemical gloves – solvent tank or similar chemicals; Safety glasses – bench grinder; Safety boots – sharp metal, lifting a cylinder head; Ear protection – air hammer; Respirator – solvent tank or similar chemicals, drum brake service; Back brace – lifting a cylinder head 3. (answers will vary) Floor jack: Damage to the vehicle, the vehicle may fall if not supported correctly; the jack may kick out and cause injury. Vehicle hoist: Damage to the vehicle, the vehicle may fall if not supported correctly. Engine hoist: The engine could fall, damaging the engine or causing injury to those close to the

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

engine. Bench grinder: Flying debris can cause eye and face injury. Creeper: Long hair can be caught in the wheels, if left on the floor someone may step and it and fall. Battery charger: Overcharging can damage the battery, cause a fire or explosion. Impact gun: Hand injury if using incorrect sockets or holding the sockets during use. [return to top]

Instructor Manual ROB THOMPSON, AUTOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE & LIGHT REPAIR, 3E, 978-0-357-76662-0; CHAPTER 3: SHOP ORIENTATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ........................................................................................... 21 Chapter Overview ............................................................................................................................ 21 Chapter Objectives........................................................................................................................... 21 ASE Education Foundation TASKS ..................................................................................................... 21 Lab Worksheets ............................................................................................................................... 23 Reading Assignments ....................................................................................................................... 24 Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................ 24 What's New in This Chapter ............................................................................................................. 26 Chapter Outline ............................................................................................................................... 26 Answers to Chapter 3 Textbook Review Questions............................................................................ 28 Short Answer Key ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 Expanded Answer Key .................................................................................................................................................... 28 Answers to Chapter 3 Workbook Review Questions .......................................................................... 29 Review Questions ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Activities ............................................................................................................................................................................... 31

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into the shop’s day-to-day environment. Students learn about daily routines, procedures, tools, equipment, documentation, and best practices. This chapter discusses safety as a critical aspect of automotive repair and service, focusing on personal safety, shop safety, and chemical safety. [return to top]

CHAPTER OVERVIEW The chapter begins with job requirements, routines, and housekeeping procedures. It then covers hand and power tool use, as well as vehicle hoists and jacking equipment use. Next, preparing a vehicle for service, using a VIN, and repair orders are covered. Last, a walk-around inspection and action plan are discussed.

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CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Upon completion and review of this chapter, the student should be able to: 03.01

Identify the job requirements, routines, and housekeeping procedures for automotive technicians. (ASE RST Safety #1)

03.02

Identify basic hand and power tools and the correct operation for these tools. (ASE RST Tools #1, 2, 3, & 4)

03.03

Demonstrate safe operation of vehicle hoists and jacking equipment. (ASE RST Safety #3 & 4)

03.04

Identify and locate vehicle identification information. (ASE RST Service #1)

03.05

Identify and complete a repair order and maintain customer and technician records. (ASE RST Service #1 & 5)

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ASE EDUCATION FOUNDATION TASKS 1.2

Utilize safe procedures for handling of tools and equipment. (Foundational and Workplace)

1.3

Identify and use proper placement of floor jacks and jack stands. (Foundational and Workplace)

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

1.4

Identify and use proper procedures for safe lift operation. (Foundational and Workplace)

2.1

Identify tools and their usage in automotive applications. (Foundational and Workplace)

2.2

Identify standard and metric designation. (Foundational and Workplace)

2.3

Demonstrate safe handling and use of appropriate tools. (Foundational and Workplace)

2.4

Demonstrate proper cleaning, storage, and maintenance of tools and equipment. (Foundational and Workplace)

2.5

Demonstrate proper use of precision measuring tools (i.e., micrometer, dial-indicator, dialcaliper). (Foundational and Workplace)

2.6

Tools and Equipment; Perform common fastener and thread repair, including removing broken bolts, restoring internal and external threads, and repairing internal threads with a thread insert. (Foundational and Workplace)

3.1

Identify information needed and the service requested on a repair order. (Foundational and Workplace)

3.2

Identify purpose and demonstrate proper use of fender covers and mats. (Foundational and Workplace)

3.3

Demonstrate use of the three C’s (concern, cause, and correction). (Foundational and Workplace)

3.4

Review vehicle service history. (Foundational and Workplace)

3.5

Complete work order to include customer information, vehicle identifying information, customer concern, related service history, cause, and correction. (Foundational and Workplace)

4.1

Ensure vehicle is prepared to return to customer per school/company policy (floor mats, steering wheel cover, etc.). (Foundational and Workplace)

A.1

Research vehicle service information such as fluid type, internal combustion engine operation, vehicle service history, service precautions, technical service bulletins, and recalls including vehicles equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) (MLR-AEE) P-1

III.A.1

Research vehicle service information such as fluid type, vehicle service history, service precautions, technical service bulletins, and recalls including vehicles equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). (MLR-AEE) P-1

IV.A.1

V.A.1

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

VI.A.1

VII.A.1

Research vehicle service information, including refrigerant/oil/fluid type, vehicle service history, service precautions, technical service bulletins, and recalls including vehicles equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). (MLR-AEE) P-1

VIII.A.1

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LAB WORKSHEETS ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-1: External Thread Repair. Foundational Tasks: 2.6 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-2: Internal Thread Repair. Foundational Tasks: 2.6 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-3: Threaded Insert. Foundational Tasks: 2.6 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-4: Remove a Broken Bolt. Foundational Tasks: 2.6 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-5: Compressed Air System. Foundational task: Shop and Personal Safety, Tools, and Equipment. 2. Utilize safe procedures for handling of tools and equipment. 3. Demonstrate safe handling and use of appropriate tools ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-6: Chemicals. Foundational task: 1.2 and 1.3 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-7: Jacking and Supporting a Vehicle. Foundational Tasks: 1.3 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-8: Vehicle Lift Inspection. Foundational Tasks: 1.4 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-9: Fasteners. Foundational Tasks: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-10: Bench Grinder Use. Foundational task: 2.3 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-11: Hand Tools. Foundational Tasks: 1.2 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-12: Tools and Equipment. Foundational Tasks: 1.2, 2.4 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-13: Precision Measuring. Foundational Tasks: 2.5 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-14: Vehicle Information. Foundational Tasks: 3.1; MLR-AEE: I.A.I, P-1; IV.A.I, P-1; V.A.I, P-1; VIII.A.I, P-1

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-15: VIN ID. MLR-AEE: I.A.I, P-1; III.A.I, P-1; IV.A.I, P-1; V.A.I, P-1; VIII.A.I, P-1 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-16: Communication Skills. Foundational Task 3.1. ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-17: Fenders Covers. Foundational Tasks: 3.2, 4.1 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-1-87: Concern, Cause, and Correction. Foundational Tasks: 3.3, 3.5 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-19: Complete Work Order. Foundational Tasks: 3.4, 3.5 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-20 Perform a Walk-around Inspection. Foundational Task 3.3 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-21 Perform a Vehicle Multi-Point Inspection. Foundational Task 3.4 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-22 Create a Plan. Foundational Task 3.6 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-23 Ensure Vehicle is Prepared to Return to Customer. Foundational Task 4.1 ASE Education Foundation Lab Worksheet 3-24: Using Service Information. [return to top]

READING ASSIGNMENTS Textbook, pages 43-84 [return to top]

KEY TERMS above-ground lift: A type of automotive lift in which the structure sits entirely above floor level. The main types are the swing arm-type and the drive-on type. air hammer: An air-powered tool fitted with a chisel or cutting bit to separate bushings or suspension components. battery charger: A device used to recharge a battery that has become discharged or to charge newly filled batteries. bench grinders: A motor-driven grinding wheel or wire wheel, used for such tasks as reshaping metal, sharpening tools, and removing rust from parts. calibration decal: A decal found on the engine or transmission of some vehicles that provides specific information about emissions system devices and calibrations.

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

chain of command: The formal hierarchy or structure of supervision in a business. combination wrench: A common repair tool on which one end is a box-end wrench for loosening or tightening a specific size of fastener, and the other end has an open wrench to quickly remove the loosened fastener. dead blow hammer: A hammer whose head is filled with lead shot in order to reduce elastic rebound when striking a surface. emissions decal: An under-hood decal that contains such information as the emission year for which the vehicle is certified, installed emission control devices, and what emission standards the vehicle meets. Other information may also be included. entry level: Means starting at the lowest-paid, beginning-level position. impact wrench: An air-powered tool for loosening lug nuts and other tight fasteners. in-ground lift: A type of automotive lift in which the hydraulics are installed beneath the concrete shop floor, and the controls are operated above ground level. parts washer: A special tub in which a solvent is pumped through to facilitate the removal of dirt, oil, grease, rust, or other substances from parts. pliers: Any of the various types of simple hand tools used to grasp objects on the automobile. punches: A simple impact tool used to remove pins and to create indentations in preparation for drilling. repair order (RO): See service order. rubber mallet: A mallet with a solid rubber head, used for such jobs as installing hub caps, when the surface could be marred by a harder hammer. screwdriver: A simple tool used to loosen and tighten screws. In auto repair, the most common screw head styles are the standard or straight, the Phillips, and the Torx. service order: Also called a repair order (RO). This is a legal contract between the customer and the shop regarding the services to be performed. It contains pertinent customer information, vehicle information, and a record of services and repairs. sockets: A fitting that is used with a ratchet handle to quickly and safely loosen and tighten a specific size of fastener. Sockets come in many sizes and configurations. VIN: A 17-digit serial number that uniquely identifies a vehicle. Also known as Vehicle Identification Number. vise: Bench-mounted device with jaws used to clamp and hold an object. [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:      

Updated key terms Updated objectives to current ASE MLR standards Increased Word Wall content Updated images and photographs Added Instructions on Tool Usage Added “Developing a Plan” section

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CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; and “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center). ASE Education Foundation accreditation tasks are also listed where applicable (e.g., “ASE RST Safety #1”). Introduce the chapter and review learning objectives for Chapter 3. (PPT Slides 1-3). I.

Objectives (PPT Slides 2-3) Review the chapter’s objectives. II. Shop Orientation (03.01, PPT Slides 4-10, ASE RST Safety #1) Discuss the importance of knowing the rules, procedures, and practices of the shop where you work: A. Discuss lab and shop operations 10. Lab operations 11. Shop orientation B. Discuss daily routines: 3. Starting the day 4. Clean Up 5. Chain of Command C. Discuss job requirements: 1. Entry-level jobs 2. Lifelong learning III. Technician’s Tools and Their Use (03.02, PPT Slides 11-30, ASE RST Tools #1, 2, 3, & 4) Discuss the importance of taking proper care of your tools. A. Discuss basic hand tools: 8. Wrenches 9. Screwdrivers 10. Drivers 11. Pliers 12. Hammers 13. Chisels, punches, and files

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

14. Torque wrenches 15. Tap and die sets B. Discuss power tools: 5. Impact wrenches 6. Air hammers 7. Air or electric ratchets 8. Tool maintenance C Discuss shop tools: 5. Bench grinder 6. Parts washer 7. Battery chargers 8. Bench vise 9. Compressed air 10. Compressed air warning D. Discuss keeping the vehicle clean: IV. Fasteners and Torque (PPT Slides 31-36) Discuss the importance of the devices — nuts, bolts, screws, and others — that hold the vehicle together. A. Discuss fasteners: 6. Fastener basics 7. Specialty and one-time-use fasteners B. Discuss torque: 2. Fastener torquing 3. Torque wrench care V. Vehicle Lifting and Jacking (03.03, Slides 37-40, ASE RST Safety #3 & 4) Discuss safe methods of lifting a vehicle. A. Discuss vehicle lifts: 4. Steps to follow to raise a vehicle 5. Using floor jacks VI. Locating Vehicle Information (03.04, Slides 41-45, ASE RST Service #1) Discuss the types and location of various types of vehicle identification. A. Discuss basic vehicle identification: 4. Vehicle types 5. Basic vehicle identification B. Discuss vehicle identification numbers (VIN) 6. What is a VIN? 7. Location C. Discuss other vehicle ID tags: 1. Vehicle emissions control information decal 2. Door decals 3. Calibration and production decals 4. SPO tags 5. Accessing identification labels under the hood VII. Service Orders (03.05, Slides 46-50, ASE RST Service #1 & 5)

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

Discuss the benefits and legal aspects of service orders. A. Discuss customer records: 1. Components of a service order 2. Technician records 3. Legal issues [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 3 TEXTBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Textbook, page 84 [return to top]

SHORT ANSWER KEY 1. tap and die 2. vehicle identfication number 3. combination 4. dead blow 5. door decal 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B [return to top]

EXPANDED ANSWER KEY 1. A tap and die set is used to repair damaged threads. 2. Every vehicle has a unique vehicle identification number that contains information about where and when the vehicle was made. 3. Combination wrenches have a box end and an open end. 4. A dead blow hammer contains lead shot or a similar material to reduce rebound. 5. The VECI or door decal contains information about vehicle model year and engine size. 6. Technician A says information commonly found on door decals includes vehicle build date, gross weight, and recommended tire inflation pressure. Technician B says that door decals may also contain paint codes and other installed option data. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 7. Which of the following is not a safety precaution when using an above-ground lift? a. Read and understand the operating instructions of the lift before use. b. Ensure the area under the vehicle is clear before lowering.

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

c. Place the pad contacts on any flat area under the vehicle. d. Raise to the desired height and lower onto the safety locks. 8. Technician A says bolt thread pitch is based on the diameter of the bolt. Technician B says the thread pitch on some metric and standard bolts is the same. a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 9. Which of the following is not used to repair damaged threads? a. Tap b. Thread insert c. Thread file d. Thread puller 10. Which of the following types of fasteners should be replaced after use? a. Castle nut b. Torque-to-yield bolt c. Lug nut d. Cap screw [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 3 WORKBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Workbook, pages 37-48 [return to top]

REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

safely (answers will vary based on school program) safety, education efficiently, profit probationary New or entry-level employees typically have the least experience, knowledge, skills, and tools. A clean shop is easier to maintain, is more productive, and is more professional. tools, returned D, all of the above A PDI often includes removing exterior and interior protective coverings, installing hubcaps, checking fluids and tires, washing the vehicle, and other similar jobs. lifelong learning productivity, injury The box end is used for loosening and tightening a fastener and the open end is used for quickly threading the fastener once loose. pull toward yourself box

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

39. 40. 41.

42. 43.

B, socket and ratchet B, 8 point B, 1/8 A ratchet should be cleaned daily and lubricated regularly. B, Technician B pliers C, rubber drift or aligning punch torque wrenches (answers will vary) Pull the locking sleeve back and turn the handle until the marks align with the desired torque setting. Release the locking sleeve. impact wrench A – tap wrench, B – die wrench, C – tap, D – die threaded insert oiled (lubricated) bench grinders, tire equipment, alignment machine, lifts, air compressors, battery chargers grinders parts washer (solvent tank) Make sure the charger is off and unplugged before you connect the charging clamps to the battery. Connect the positive clamp to the positive battery terminal first, then connect the negative charging clamp to the negative battery terminal. Plug the charger into the outlet, and set the charging rate and time as indicated on the charger. B, 90 psi Fender, seat Wrench pad, shank, threads, washer face, fillet (from left to right, top to bottom) (answers will vary) Measure the length of the bolt from the fillet to the end of the threads. Measure the diameter across the threads. Measure the thread pitch using a thread pitch gauge. Be careful not to drop torque wrenches on the floor. Do not use a torque wrench as a prybar or breaker bar. Inspect the wrench for proper operation of the ratcheting mechanism each time it is used. Make sure the adjustment sleeve on click-type wrenches moves smoothly and the locking collar locks and releases properly. Store the wrench in its case when not in use. Clean and oil the ratchet regularly. Be careful not to drop torque wrenches on the floor. This provides greater stability for the lift and prevents the vehicle from dropping unexpectedly should there be a hydraulic failure. clockwise Locate a suitable jacking point. Position the jack saddle on the correct lifting point. Raise the jack until it contacts the lifting point. Jack the vehicle until the tire is off the ground. Leave the jack handle up to prevent a tripping hazard. Locate the correct place to position the jack stand. Slowly lower the jack until the vehicle rests on the jack stand. Remove the jack from under the vehicle. FWD – front wheel drive. RWD – rear wheel drive. 4WD – four-wheel drive. AWD – all-wheel drive. The VIN is a 17-digit code that contains information about where a vehicle was made, what engine is installed, what year the vehicle is and other types of data. It is located on the dash near the driver’s A-pillar. It can also commonly be found on the door decal, on stickers attached to body panels, and on the firewall.

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

44. The VECI has the vehicle emission year certification, emission calibration code, engine size, and may show spark plug gap, valve lash, a vacuum hose diagram, and tune-up related information. 45. D, all of the above 46. The primary release allows the hood to pop open and allow access to the secondary release. Having two latches and releases helps prevent the hood from accidentally opening while driving. 47. Customer name, address, and phone numbers. Vehicle information. A complete description of the complaint. A description of services to be performed and their costs. The method of approving additional repairs. The customer’s signature. [return to top]

ACTIVITIES 1. a. box end wrenches, six and twelve point b. ratchets c. shallow sockets d. Phillips screwdriver e. torx screwdriver f. pliers g. hammers 2. (answers will vary) ratchets should be cleaned and lubricated regularly. Screwdrivers, punches, and chisels require periodic dressing to keep the tips in good condition. 3. a. impact wrench or gun b. cutoff wheel or grinder c. air ratchet (3/8” drive) d. air ratchet (1/4” drive) e. air drill 4. a. torque unit, unit selection button, down or decrease button b. torque setting needle, torque dial (indicates applied torque) c. beam scale, beam pointer (indicates applied torque) d. torque scale, sleeve or barrel, locking sleeve e. (answers will vary) Pull the locking sleeve back and turn the handle until the marks align with the desired torque setting. Release the locking sleeve. To store, decrease the torque to the lowest setting turning the handle fully counterclockwise. Clean the torque wrench and store in the case. 5. (answers will vary based on equipment) 6. General Motors – Buick, Cadillac, GMC, Chevrolet; Ford – Lincoln; Honda – Acura; Toyota – Lexus, Scion; BMW – Mini; Fiat – Chrysler, Ram, Dodge; VW – Porsche; Nissan - Infiiniti. [return to top]

Instructor Manual ROB THOMPSON, AUTOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE & LIGHT REPAIR, 3E, 978-0-357-76662-0; CHAPTER 4: BASIC TECHNICIAN SKILLS

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ........................................................................................... 32 Chapter Overview ............................................................................................................................ 33 Chapter Objectives........................................................................................................................... 33 ASE Education Foundation Tasks ...................................................................................................... 33 Reading Assignments ....................................................................................................................... 33 Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................ 33 What's New in This Chapter ............................................................................................................. 35 Chapter Outline ............................................................................................................................... 35 Answers to Chapter 4 Textbook Review Questions............................................................................ 37 Short Answer Key ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 Expanded Answer Key .................................................................................................................................................... 38 Answers to Chapter 4 Workbook Review Questions .......................................................................... 39 Activities ............................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Section 1 – Employability Skills ........................................................................................................... 39 Section 2 – Oral Communication ........................................................................................................ 39 Section 3 – Nonverbal Communication .............................................................................................. 39 Section 4 – Reading and Writing Skills ................................................................................................ 39 Section 5 – Penmanship ...................................................................................................................... 40 Section 6 – Spelling ............................................................................................................................. 40 Section 7 – Grammar .......................................................................................................................... 40 Section 8 – Math Skills ........................................................................................................................ 40 Section 9 – Science Skills ..................................................................................................................... 42 Section 10 – Basic Chemistry .............................................................................................................. 44

PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to provide students with the basic skills to become technicians. This includes employability skills, communication skills, being able to work with a repair order, automotive math skills, and automotive-specific science skills. All of these are skills and abilities that will be necessary and useful as entry-level technicians in the shop and workplace. Each of these should be applied in later chapters, in class, and at work. [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter explains how education for auto technology students should include science, language arts, math, and computer skills as well as automotive training. It begins with employability skills, continues into communication skills, math skills, and science skills, and ends with computer literacy skills. [return to top]

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Upon completion and review of this chapter, the student should be able to: 04.01 Identify and demonstrate skills necessary for employment. 04.02 Demonstrate proper communication skills. 04.03 Identify and apply math skills related to automotive applications. 04.04 Identify and apply science skills related to automotive applications. [return to top]

ASE EDUCATION FOUNDATION TASKS 2.2

Identify standard and metric designation. (Foundational and Workplace)

VI.A.1

VII.A.1

VIII.A.1

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READING ASSIGNMENTS Textbook, pages 85–129 [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

aftermarket: Repair parts and services that are purchased from a source other than the original equipment manufacturer. body language: Communication using expression and posture. chemical reaction: A change in the bonds between the atoms of different chemical elements or compounds. employability skills: The so-called soft skills, such as initiative and work ethic, that make one a good employee. employment plan: For a worker, a self-assessment of personal strengths and weaknesses and short- and long-term goals, and an action plan for achieving the goals. initiative: A behavior that causes a person to start to do something or to help out in some way without having been asked to do so. linear measurement: A measurement from point A to point B, such as the wheelbase of a vehicle or the amount of free play in a pedal. Sometimes calculated by taking two measurements and subtracting one from the other, as when determining if an object such as a brake drum is out-of-round. metric measurement: Measurement based on the meter and portions of the meter, which are all based on units of 10. motivation: The intrinsic and extrinsic factors that direct a person to seek and succeed in a career and other activities. nonverbal communication: Communication with others by means other than words, such as body language, gestures, appearance, and overall demeanor. ratio: A method of expressing a relationship of two values relative to each other—for example, a 10:1 compression ratio. résumé: A document that showcases your experience, education, and career goals and allows potential employers to quickly learn about you. specific gravity: A measurement of the density of a substance compared to water. Specific gravity tests are performed on battery acid and coolant. torque: A measurement of twisting force. vacuum: In an engine, air pressure that is lower than atmospheric pressure. flat-rate guide: A written guide to information about original equipment (OE) parts cost, aftermarket parts cost (some software), and estimated labor times for specific repairs. hydraulics: The science of the mechanical properties of fluids.

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

OE parts: Also known as original equipment. Parts that are purchased from the vehicle’s original manufacturer. percentage: Meaning the part of the whole; used to calculate invoice items such as sales tax, fees, and parts markups, and used in the shop to calculate ratios such as the amount of antifreeze to mix with water. warranty time: Estimated labor time to perform specific repairs that are covered under the manufacturer’s warranty. work ethic: A commitment to the job that is demonstrated by such actions as consistent on-time attendance, dependability, and a positive attitude. [return to top]

WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:       

[return to top]

CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center); and, as applicable for each discipline, accreditation or certification standards (“BL 1.3.3”). Introduce the chapter and use the Ice Breaker in the PPT if desired, and if one is provided for this chapter. Review Learning Objectives for Chapter 4. (PPT Slides 1-3). I.

Objectives (PPT Slide 2) Review the chapter’s objectives. II. Employability Skills (04.01, PPT Slides 3-9) Discuss the importance of the eight employability skills needed for whatever job you are in: communication, teamwork, problem-solving, initiative, organization, self-management, willingness to learn, and being adept at technology. A. Discuss professionalism:

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

12. Work ethic 13. Motivation 14. Initiative B. Discuss finding employment: 6. Developing an employment plan 7. Seeking and applying for employment 8. Accepting employment III. Communication Skills (04.02, PPT Slides 10-17) Discuss the importance of being able to communicate clearly to customers, coworkers, and supervisors. A. Discuss nonverbal and verbal communication: 16. Appearance 17. Body language 18. What does body language say? B. Discuss verbal communication: 9. Standard English and slang 10. Essentials of good communication C Discuss reading and writing skills: 11. Why reading skills are important 12. Reading for technical content 13. Written communication D. Discuss applications of communication skills: 1. Answering the phone 2. Talking with a customer IV. Math Skills (04.03, PPT Slides 18-32) Emphasize that performing math correctly is essential for the automotive technician. A. Discuss basic math for technicians: 8. Math for estimates 9. Basic math functions 10. Fractions and decimals 11. Percentages B. Discuss measurements: 4. Linear measurements 5. Precision measurement 6. Volume 7. Ratios and proportions 8. Torque 9. Other measurements 10. Angles V. Science Skills (04.04, PPT Slides 33-55) Emphasize that ability to understand science is important because automobiles contain countless examples of science in action. A. Discuss matter and energy: 6. Reactions

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

7. Energy B. Discuss general scientific principles: 1. The simple machines: Inclined plane Wheel and axle Lever Pulley Wedge Screw C. Discuss other principles: 1. Hydraulics 2. Density and specific gravity 3. Electricity 4. Vacuum 5. Sound D. Discuss basic chemistry: 1. Atoms and molecules 2. Chemical reactions VI. Computer Literacy (PPT Slides 56–58) Discuss the importance of understanding and using computers to deal with the many electronic components of automobiles. A. Discuss repair information systems: 6. The necessity for information [return to top]

ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 4 TEXTBOOK REVIEW QUESTIONS Textbook, page 130 [return to top]

Automotive Maintenance & Light Repair 3rd Edition Rob Thompson

SHORT ANSWER KEY 1. flat rate guide 2. Hydraulics 3. language 4. 10 5. net 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. D [return to top]

EXPANDED ANSWER KEY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The estimated labor time to complete a repair is found in a flat rate guide. Hydraulics is the science of using fluids to perform work. Body language is how you communicate with someone in a nonverbal way. One centimeter is equal to 10 millimeters. The amount of money you actually bring home from your paycheck is called your net pay. Technician A says when searching for employment, you should always apply online so you do not need to submit a résumé. Technician B says a résumé should contain a summary of all your life experiences. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 7. Which of the following statements about replacement parts is correct? a. OE parts are those parts that are supplied by the vehicle manufacturer. b. Aftermarket parts are usually made by independent companies and sold through parts stores such as NAPA or AutoZone. c. A parts manufacturer may sell both OE and aftermarket parts under the same brand name. d. All of the above 8. While discussing customer relations: Technician A says customers may base their opinion to trust a technician based on how the technician looks. Technician B says that appearance can say as much or more about a technician than how he or she speaks. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B 9. Technician A says that a good understanding of math and science skills is important for a technician. Technician B says that good communication skills are important for a technician. Who is correct? a. Technician A b. Technician B