Julia A. Turner Portfolio 2024

julia a. turner

portfolio.

2024

selected works

table of contents.

01.

02.

cities in protest. freelance research with geoffrey goldberg.

03.

ornamental framing. graduate studio with paul anderson & sam jacobs.

polymorphus phi. graduate studio with andrew zago.

04.

nested homes. graduate studio with julia capomaggio & grant gibson.

The aftermath of a night of riots in Paris.Credit...Bruno Barbey/Magnum Photo. From nytimes.com

cities in protest.

Year: 2019 - 21 With: Geoffrey Goldberg Type: Urban

This work began in the spring of 2019 as a research seminar on the protests of 1968. Following the seminar, Geoff continued the research and asked me to help unify the work into a coherent set. Below is his description of the project.

Cities have long been regarded as centers of political power and as concentrations of authority and culture.

They are condensers of social interaction, and this raises the question: how does political change unfold in the city?

From an architectural perspective, how does politics play out spatially? To examine this, the events of 1968 were the studied at UIC. Considered fifty years later, these events are “stresstests” to conventional urban theory about socialization and public gathering. Existing organizations, operations, and the status quo were deeply threatened by these events. As such, examination of what happened at the physical level can provide further insight on the interface between the political and the physical, and how political concerns and built fabric affect one another.

A study of protests in 1968 was undertaken to investigate the relationship between political power and urban spatiality. The tumultuous events of 1968 were the physical voice of massive social unrest that was throughout Europe and the United States, as a motivated populace took to the streets and vehemently sought major revisions to existing authority. The protests took place in a number of cities throughout America and Europe, with demonstrations, riots, and even occupations. Whole swathes of cities were taken over by groups unrecognizable in traditional terms.

196

68

detroit.

In the 1960s, Detroit’s racial tensions had escalated due to increased racial profiling and brutality from the predominantly white police force, unemployment, and housing discrimination. In the early morning of July 23, 1967, the police raid of an underground bar in a black neighborhood ignited simmering racial tensions. It led to five days of civil unrest, including looting, arson, and rioting. After the violent response from the police escalates the uproar, the National Guard is sent in and effectively quells the rioting. The riot resulted in 43 deaths, 1,200 injured, more than 7,200 arrests, and over 400 buildings destroyed.

london.

On March 17, 10,000 protestors against the US war in Vietnam marched from Trafalgar Square to the US embassy in Grosvenor Square. The protestors met with violent force from London Police. The violent conflict lasted for four hours and resulted in over 100 injuries and 250 arrests. The conflict in Grosvenor Square caused national outrage on both sides and reforms in the British government to prepare for further conflicts. Students occupied the London School of Economics at the end of October, effectively shutting it down for a weekend. On October 27, 100,000 marched from the London School of Economics to Trafalgar Square and peacefully held speeches. During the march, 3,000 marchers split off and marched to the US embassy in Grosvenor Square and repeated the violent clash with police. The majority of the march remained peaceful and ended at Hyde Park.

chicago mlk.

Grief and rage following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on the evening of April 4th led to three days of civil unrest in the the black neighborhoods in Chicago’s south and west sides. From April 5 - 7, riots, looting, arson, and gunfire spread across the neighborhoods of Garfield Park, Woodlawn, Lawndale, Cabrini Green, and Roosevelt Road. More than 2,000 citizens were arrested, 48 civilians were wounded by police gunfire, and 11 deaths resulted. Over 10 million dollars of damages resulted from the aftermath, and miles of Chicago’s west side were left in rubble. A city-wide curfew was enforced, officers were told to ‘shoot to kill,’ and the National Guard was called in to quell the unrest.

paris.

May ’68 in Paris began with student protests and occupations against capitalism, rigid traditional institutions, and American Imperialism. After the student protests met with violent police repression, the protests swelled to include the general population and workers.

The civil unrest lasted seven weeks and brought the French economy to a halt with approximately 11 million workers on strike. The government temporarily collapsed, and an election was called, resulting in the re-election of Charles De Galle. Though the political aspects of the protests failed, the unrest led to a widespread cultural revolution that transformed French society.

chicago dnc.

The Chicago Democratic National Convention (DNC) protests were a week-long series of protests in response to the US war in Vietnam and the candidacy of Hubert Humphrey, the Democratic front-runner who supported the war. Beginning on August 23, nearly daily protests, marches, and demonstrations occurred in the Chicago loop and near the north side. City officials were unsuccessful in preventing the protests. In attempts to maintain “law and order,” the Chicago Police Department and the National Guard used brutal force, resulting in what was later called a “police riot.” 668 protestors were arrested, and hundreds were treated for injuries. Though the public response to the protests and the violent police response were mixed, the ‘68 DNC protests changed the cultural and political landscape.

prague.

The Prague Spring refers to a period of liberalization following the election of reformist candidate Alexander Dubcek in January 1968. Dubcek’s election led to the decentralization of the economy, the democratization of the administration, and the granting of additional rights to the citizens. Threatened by this, the Soviet government issued warnings to Dubcek in July. When Dubcek failed to respond accordingly, the militaries of the Soviet Union, East Germany, Poland, and Bulgaria occupied Prague on August 20, 1968. Prague citizens resisted the occupation in thousands, encountering violent repression from the occupying troops. The resistance was effectively repressed.

detroit timeline.

Jul

1967 - 68

Sep

Aug

Oct 12

Detroit firms have hired over 5,000 “previously unemployable,” mostly Black, persons as part of Greater Detroit Board of Commerce Campaign launched in response to riots.

July ‘67

July 23 - 25

2

9

Su

Su

23 3 AM

5 AM 7 AM 9 AM

Detroit Police officers raid an unlicensed drinking club in a Black neighborhood where 82 people were celebrating the return of two GIs from the Vietnam War. While police load patrons into paddy wagon, a large crowd gathers to watch and throw projectiles at police. After police leave, crowd grows and begins traveling down 12th street breaking windows.

Event

1 PM

4 PM

7 PM

Unrest spreads. 350+ Michigan State Police arrive. Mayor Cavanagh request the National Guard.

Buildings along 12th Street are set on fire.

Crowd stones the fire department, preventing them from extinguishing fires.

9 PM

Riots spre easte

Snipers begin t police, guardsm firefighters.

Police try to sweep the area, making Crowd swells to 10,000.

Civil unrest spreads first arrests for rioting. Sweep is Black community leaders are unable are “out of control.” G ineffectual, police are outnumbered. to calm protesters. Police attempt to cordon authorizes presence off area to stop riots from spreading. which begin to appea

Jan

Dec

Nov

Mar

Feb

Apr

Jun

May

4 -5 The outward migration of Detroit’s white population increased to 67,000 from 22,000 the previous year.

Focus: Hope 68, a non-profit organization, forms in response to the riots to directly address the issues which led to them.

The National Guard quickly enter the city to use force to control the riots.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated in TN. Riots ignite on 12th Street, at the same location of previous riots in July.

16

23

Su

Su

Mayor Cavanaugh appoints Special Task Force on Police Recruitment and Hiring. 35% of the police hired

by Detroit in 1968 are black.

30

26 26 Presence of US Army troops begins to quell unrest more effectively than National Guard.

Su

National Guard withdraws after sufficient order restored.

26

25

24 11 PM

3 AM

s continue, eading into ern city.

Governor Romney and Mayor Cavanagh contact Washington for federal troops.

and police report they Governor Romney e of National Guard ar on the streets.

28

The riot is officially over.

US Army begins to withdraw.

Sniper fire and arsons continue but in reduced numbers.

to fire on men and

27

12 PM

12 AM

President Johnson OKs request for federal troops and deploys them to Detroit with the caveat not to disembark until ordered.

1 PM

1 AM

Three black teenagers found dead from gunshot wounds in the Algiers Motel. Suspicion of police involvement leads to fallout between black community and police for years to come.

President Johnson holds televised news conference justifying use of federal troops in Detroit by citing failures of local leaders.

U. S. Army is deployed to Detroit’s east side.

Chaos still continues. Police are overworked and found to have committed many acts of abuse to people in their custody.

detroit protest maps

During a police raid of an underground bar in a black neighborhood in the early morning of July 23, riots broke out as the police tried to load patrons into a police van. The uproar spread across the city and could not be contained by city police. After three days of riots, looting, arson, and sniper activity, the National Guard was called in to contain the protest.

Rioting Looting Arson Sniper shooting

london timeline.

Jan

1968

Mar

Feb

Apr

17

2

80,000 march against US action in Vietnam.

The march turns violent near the US Embassy in Grosvenor Square. Around 86 hospitalized and 300 arrested.

S a

25 Thousands march in London against immigration curbs.

6

October ‘68

Su

Tu

Oct 24 - 27

24

London School of Economics for the weekend

Event LSE Occupation

3,000 students occupy London School of Economics

Jun

May

23

Jul 22

15

Sep

Aug 21

Revolutionary Socialist Student Federation founded at the London School of Economics

Stoppages by London meat porters and dockers in support of Powell

Nov

Dec

4

of socialist newpaper Black Dwarf

London anti-war marchers ‘run riot‚’ outside Hilton Hotel

13

17

Su

3,000, led by Tariq Ali, demonstrate in London against the Russian invasion

20

27

31

Su

Su

F

Students vote to occupy London School of Economics during weekend of anit-Vietnam actions

26

28

27

30,000 peacefully march from London School of Economics toward Hyde Park March arrives at No. 10 Downing Street to deliver petition signed by 75,000 for UK to cease support of US army.

6,000 protestors split off from larger march an go to Grosvenor Square and clashed with police.

March swells to 100,000 protestors at Charing Cross Road. March pauses for speaches at Trafalgar Square.

london protests maps

March 17: an Anti-Vietnam War march from Trafalgar Square to the US Embassy in Grosvenor Square ends in a violent clash with police. October 27: a second and larger anti-war march and demonstration occurs. During the protest, a breakoff group marched to Grosvenor’s square, and the March 17 melee was repeated. The majority of the protestors continue peacefully to Hyde Park.

Occupied Building March 17th Protest/March October 27th Protest/March

chicago MLK timeline.

Jan

1968

Feb

Apr

Mar 28

Dr. Martin Luther King participates in a massive march in Memphis that ends in violence.

7

April ‘68 3

3

MLK returns to Memphis to attempt a second, more successful march.

His airplane is delayed due to a bomb threat.

4

Su

MLK is assassinated in the Lorraine Motel in Memphis.

MLK delivers the speech known as “I’ve been to the Mountaintop” recalling his 1958 assassination attempt.

Apr 5 - 7

9

Mayor R. J. Daley d Chicago state of em

Chicago public schoo with heavy police pre

5

Most high school students absent. School principles call for police reinforcement. Schools closed by noon.

Students and protesters begin marches in West Side in Austin and Lawndale neighborhoods along Madison street.

Many participants broke windows, looted and set fires to over 100 buildings along the way.

Political Event Physical Event

8

Students and protesters from the South side Woodlawn neighborhood march along 63rd Street, Roosevelt Ave, and Halsted Street looting and setting fires along their path.

Arson and gun fire present at Cabrini Green, a low income hosing project in Near North Side.

6,700 troop

Mayor Richard J. Daley calls in the National Gard and Army.

40% of Ch concentra

Jul

Jun

May

Aug

Sep

Oct

Dec

Nov

26 - 29

8 James Earl Ray, a fugitive from the Missouri State Penitentiary is arrested in London Airport, extradited to the US and charged with MLK’s murder.

Democratic National Convention occurs in Chicago. Thousands protests resulting in more riots and violent conflict with the police.

14

21

28

Su

Su

Su

declares mergency over.

ols reopen esence.

6

0 National Gard and 5,000 Army ps arrive in Chicago.

Police and National Guard enforce a 7 PM - 6 PM curfew for people under 21.

Looting and arsons continue in reduced numbers in South and West sides. Large gatherings prohibited in Garfield Park, Lawndale, and Woodlawn neighborhoods.

hicago’s firefighting forces are ated in the West Side.

8

7

Mayor Daley tells police and soldiers to “shoot to kill arsonist” and “shoot to maim looters.”

Over 2,100 arrested, 11 citizens dead, 48 citizens hit by police fire, and 90 injured police as a result of 48 hours of rioting.

Army maintains a visual presence throughout effected neighborhoods.

chicago MLK protests maps

April 5 - 7: Grief and rage following the assassination of MLK resulted in widespread riots, looting, arson, and gunfire across Chicago’s west and south sides. The police response was violent and ineffective, resulting in 48 wounded from police gunfire and 11 dead. The National Guard was called in to suppress the unrest.

west side.

south side.

National Guard Conflict

March

Police Conflict

Arson

Looting/Conflict Area

Death

paris timeline.

Oct

1967 - 68

10

6

Fochet Reforms imposed on students and faculty at Nanterre University.

10,000 students strike.

Nanterre studen sociology buildi violently remove

5

May ‘68 2 Nanterre University’s administration shuts down school after a series of attacks on left-wing student organization offices.

May 5 -15

5

3

6

Sorbonne - Violent demonstrations ensue after those arrested on May 3 receive 2 months prison sentences.

Physical Event

Su

500 students demonstrate against the school’s closure and in solidarity with the students facing charges from March 22.

Police respond with brutal force.

Strasbourg - 2,500 students gather in solidarity with Paris students.

Political Event

Jan

Dec

Nov

7

8

Latin Quarter 50,000 march against police brutality in a day long battle with cops.

High school students, unions, and young workers gathered at the Arc de Triumphe with demands.

Nanterre students gather in Paris which ends in 5 hours violent clash with police. 20,000 students marched toward the Sorbonne.

Clashes b police es The brut radicaliz

Mar

Feb

Apr

Jun

May 6

22

10

14

30

Most workers return to work.

“Movement of March 22.”

Nanterre students occupy the administration buildings in protest to the US involvement in Vietnam and are violently removed.

nts occupy the ings and are ed.

The results of the election support the Gaullist regime and the government remains relatively unchanged.

Police attack strikers and students at the Peugeot factory. Two workers killed, one student drowns running from police.

12

Police clear out the Odeon Theatre, Sorbonne, and Beaux-Arts with little resistance.

19

16

Su

17

18

Su

Over 50 factories occupied by workers

200,000 workers on strike

9

between demonstrators and scalate throughout the day. tal force used against the students zes moderate students and bystanders.

10

Large crowds gathered at the Left Banks and create barricades.

Police attacked with force at 2:15 AM.

31

26

23

20 Approximately ten million, or two-thirds of French workforce on strike.

Estimated two million workers on strike

11

Sep

Aug

Jul

12

24

29

Su

Charles de Gaulle leaves France for an unknown location with no public notice.

F Charles De Gaulle reappears, announces national elections in one month

Lyon - 6,000 students and workers protest and are met with police force.

A police commissioner is killed.

400,000 pro-de Gaulle demonstrators march to the Arc de Triumphe

After a demonstration becomes violent, the most brutal ‘black Friday’ occurs yet Paris stock exchange set on fire by protesters.

30

13

Over a million people marched through the Paris.

14

People occupy the National Theatre in Paris, and turn it into a permanent assembly for mass debate.

Sorbonne occupied and declared a People’s University. Police release students sentenced for protest related arrests.

Sit down worker strike at Sud Aviation, near Nantes.

15

Workers occupy Renault plant near Rouen.

paris protests maps

Seven weeks of civil unrest and violent police repression brought the French government and economy to a halt and transformed French culture.

Protests from both sides took place across the city. Occupations, barricades, marches, and strikes transformed the streets of Paris.

Student Protest

Student March

Pro-De Gaulle Rally/March

Barricades

Police + Protestor Clash

Occupied Building

chicago DNC timeline.

Feb

Jan

1968

Mar

30

16

Start of TET offensive.

Viet Cong forces attack 13 cities in central South Vietnam.

Robert Kennedy announces his candidacy for president.

Apr 31

4 -7

Dr. Martin Lut Rioting and vio Chicago ensue

Incumbent president LBJ announces he won’t be running for re-election.

4

August ‘68

Su

August 26 - 29

27

26

11 PM DNC officially begins at the International Amphitheater under high security in Chicago’s south side.

Protesters march from Lincoln Park to Grant Park and gather around the statue of General Logan.

Chicago Event National Event

The Festival of Life continues into the night and is surrounded by barricades made from park benches. Police use tear gas and force to clear the area.

Several new reporters are also beaten by police.

Tensi demo CBS r

Jun

May

Jul

6

7

ther King Jr. is assassinated. olent clashes with police across es.

Robert Kennedy is assassinated after winning California Primary.

Sep

Aug

Oct

12

23

5

The Yippies and anti-Vietnam group MOBE apply for permits to camp in Lincoln Park and for protests across the city. All are denied except for one rally permit in Grant Park.

TET offensive ends.

Richard Nixon wins presidential election.

Abbie Hoffman publishes "The Yippies are Going to Chicago" in The Realist.

11

18

Su

Su

23

24

24 Su

Su

Democratic delegates begin arriving in Chicago and are escorted to hotels surrounded by police guard.

30

29

28 1 PM

ions rise between delegates of ocratic party within the DNC. reporter Dan Rather is roughed up by police.

25 The Yippies “Festival of Life” opens in Lincoln Park and is attended by 2,000.

Police violently break up festival at 11 PM.

Mayor R. J Daley calls in National Guard in anticipation of protests.

An 11 PM curfew is put into effect.

Protesters in Lincoln Park clash violently with police again at 11 PM over curfew.

31

25

Pigasus, a domesticated 145 lb pig, is nominated for president by the Yippies.

7 Yippies are taken into police custody.

2,000 anti-war protestors hold an “unbirthday party” for LBJ at the Chicago Coliseum, then march to Grant Park where protest remains peaceful.

Dec

Nov

3 PM

Protester climbs flagpole in Grant Park to remove American flag. Violent clash with police ensues..

During the DNC televised Vietnam debate, democrats vote down a peaceful resolution to Vietnam situation for democratic platform.

15,000 protesters gather at Grant Park for the only permitted demonstration during the DNC.

Herbert Humphrey wins democratic nomination.

Protest move up Michigan Ave to hotels where democratic delegates are staying.

Police respond with brute force, and national television networks air confrontations.

Police form a cordon to prevent protesters in Grant Park from marching to the site of the DNC.

DNC is adjourned.

Reports cite over 660 arrests and over 1,000 demonstrators treated for injuries during DNC protests. 192 Police injured.

While Humphrey officially accepts nomination in International Amphitheater, protesters outside are met with tear gas and brute force from police and National Gard.

chicago DNC protest maps From August 23 - 29, protests, marches, and demonstrations in response to the US involvement in Vietnam occurred across Chicago’s near north side and loop and were met with violent police repressions.

Monday, Aug 25

Thursday, Aug 28

Tuesday, Aug 26

Police Cordon

Wednesday, Aug 27

DNC Site

prague timeline Apr

1968 - 69

May

27

5 Action Program “Socialism with a Human Face” removes state controls over industry and speech.

August ‘68

Jul

Jun

1

15

"2,000 Words” Manifesto urges mass protests.

Soviet on ver

4 27

Th

3

Su

Meeting of the Soviet, East German, Polish, Bulgarian, Hungarian, and Czechoslovak Communist party representatives in Bratislava regarding Czech situation.

August 20 - 24

21

20 11 PM

7 AM 9

Soviet Union, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, and Bulgarian militaries cross borders of Czechoslovakia.

First clashes with the occupation troops occur. Shots are fired in area surrounding six tanks.

Political Event Physical Event Military Occupation of Prague by Soviets

An occupying tank rams a truc barricading the street startin a fire which engulfs both vehicle

Sep

Oct

Jan

Dec

Nov

Mar

16

t letter says Czechoslovakia rge of counterrevolution; may step in.

Suicide of Jan Palach by self conflagration.

11

18

25

Su

Su

Su

9 AM

ck ng es.

Feb

31

26

15 min civilian noise demonstration where all sirens, car horns and bells in Prague sound, frightening troops occupying the city.

12 PM

12 PM

2 PM

12-1 PM

2 PM

People march hand-in-hand from the National Museum to Wenceslas Square.

After the march the Square is still and empty.

Dubcek, Smrkovsky, Kriegel, and Spacek are taken by armed Soviet soldiers to an unknown destination.

All movement in Prague’s streets halts.

Su

The Czechs yield to Soviet demands in the Moscow Protocol agreement. Prague remains under occupation.

24

23

22

27

The Communist Party Congress occurs and elects a pro-Dubcek Central Committee and President.

Thousands assemble on Wenceslas Square. 6 armored soviet tanks begin moving toward the square from 3 directions.

President Svoboda, accompanied by Husák, leaves for Moscow to negotiate end to the occupation.

Dubcek, Smrkovsky, Kriegel, & Spacek are taken by armed Soviet soldiers to an unknown destination.

prague protest maps Aug 22, 1968: Thousands assemble in Wenceslas Square to protest the military occupation of Prague. Tanks and armed soldiers violently confronted the protestors. 137 protesters were killed and over 500 wounded.

Protests Army and Protester Classes Protestor March

bela

202

arus

20

The aftermath of a night of riots in Paris.Credit...Bruno Barbey/Magnum Photo. From nytimes.com

belarus in protest.

Year: 2023 With: Geoffrey Goldberg for Olga Solovieva Type: Urban

Maps diagramming the 2020 protests in Belarus were commisioned by Olga Solovieva, a professor at the University of Chicago to include in her upcoming book on the 2020 Belarusian Protests as well as her photography exhibits on the protests.

The month of August 2020 was a time of major political upheaval in Belarus, following a presidential election early that month. There was much controversy surrounding the legitimacy of the election, and the month of August was a particularly active time, with many protests voicing outrage at the political activities of the self proclaimed “victor”, President Lukashenko.

In this study we consider these August protests in Minsk, the capital of Belarus. They have previously been shown as documented in photographs, here the protests are considered more analytically, for a different understanding.

The protests were studied by mapping the events in scale to capture what happened where, and to place the events more accurately in space. Two different maps were prepared: - One map from August 11th showing diffuse and mobile protests across Minsk to avoid conflict with the police.

- A series of three snapshots showing the Woman’s March of Aug 29 and the female protestors interact with riot cops.

be water.

Immediately after the election, on August 9, 2020, Lukashenko declared himself the winner in a “landslide”, which was subject to much controversy and doubt. The government put the city on lockdown and police and military repression was violent and forceful. As a response, the protestors took a technique called “Be Water” from Hong Kong protests which used internet platforms to organize small, flexible and disperse protests across the city. The idea was that the small protests would be unpredictable and in non-key areas in order to avoid violent conflict with the police. As the city center was locked down, most of these events occurs on the periphery of the city at shopping centers and metro stations.

As a result of these protest, the government issued an internet shut down. The night of August 11 was chosen, and different protests around the city are shown on a single map.

17:30 (approx).

18:30 (approx).

weaponized womanhood.

Another inspired protest technique used by Belarusian citizens to avoid violent repression from the police and military involved a particular role for woman in the protests. Due to gender ideologies inherent in the existing culture, police and military were less willing to use the same level of violence on women protesting as they would on male counterparts.

Women used this differentiation to their advantage, and took to wearing white clothes and carrying flowers to symbolize a peaceful protest, and were thus able to successfully wage protests against the falsified election results with minimal arrests and violence. While women-led events happened throughout months of protests in response to Lukashenko’s regime, the events of August 29, 2020 were chosen and mapped, an event almost entirely with women, demonstrating the effectiveness of the strategy.

The events on August 29th began early contained to sidewalks by police lines. thousand to fifteen thousand, the polic the march and the women effectively cr took over Independence Ave. The crow their way through the police lines. T sequential maps done over 90 minute protest when it was largely controlled the protest had grown in size and be Victory Square, and lastly, at 19:00 whe and taken over the streets, beyond the police trailing.

y in the afternoon and was initially . As the protest swelled from five ce were no longer able to control rossed police lines peacefully and wd swelled as protestors pushed The story is told through three es, starting at 17:30, showing the by the police, one at 18:30 when egan to overtake the streets in en the protest has moved further e police lines, as a march with the

19:00 (approx).

polymorphus phi.

Year: 2020 With: Andrew Zago Type: Civic - Graduate Studio Winner Faculty Fellowship Award 2020

The design of a new compound for the Phi Foundation on a heavily sloped site with four existing buildings, each hundreds of years old, provided a multitude of unique challenges. To incorporate the four buildings and their varied histories into the needs of a twenty-first-century arts center, this project embraced the site’s multiplicities of identities, ground lines, histories, and uses.

The Phi Foundation for Contemporary Art was founded in Montreal in 2007 as a non-profit organization seeking to present contemporary art to the public. In its ten years at its current location, rapid technological changes have strained the building and curators to keep up with new forms of emerging art forms and their technological needs.

To account for the multiplicity of the site in combination with the need for transformability of the Phi Foundation, we sought to create a polymorphous building.

A building that occurs in and has many forms, shapes, and appearances. To do this, we designed three types of transformable elements that can create over sixty different spatial configurations.

Group Project with Esau Hernadez and Paul Chaca.

one and many phi foundations

Axonometric sections of different configurations

rotating galleries.

Two rotating galleries spin to create three different floor arrangements on the second and third floor.

four configurations for rotating galleries

upper level

A

B

C

D

lower level

upper level

A

rotating galleries lower level

B

floating theatre and platform.

An elevating theatre/gallery and platform allow for multiple entrances and floor configurations. The vertical movement creates a space for formal performances as well as a black box space.

3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 1

2

3

4

5

6

1

2

3

1

2

3

4.0

moving theatre

moving theatre moving platform

levels levels

ving platform

4.0

levels

ng theatre

six configurations for the theatre and platform

4.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.0 1.5

moving platform

1.0

shifting bridge.

A shifting platform acts as a bridge, connecting the galleries spaces to the artist residencies, which allows visitors to glimpse and participate in artist production.

floor plans.

Three different Configuration 1b floors shown in three different congigurations.

Configuration 1b storage 1100 sq ft

loading dock 1100 sq ft

Theatre 1680 sq ft

Winter Garden 3521 sq ft

coat check 300 sq ft

Gallery 1 1776 sq ft

Restaurant 1050 sq ft

Gallery 2 1187 sq ft

Boutique 950 sq ft

gallery roof 1670 sq ft

Cafe 855 sq ft

floor 1st1stfloor

2nd floor 2nd floor

Configuration 5c

Configuration 5c storage 1100 sq ft

loading dock 1100 sq ft

Theatre 1680 sq ft

Winter Garden 3521 sq ft

coat check 300 sq ft

Restaurant 1050 sq ft

Gallery 2 1187 sq ft

Boutique 950 sq ft

Platform 1974 sq ft

Gallery 1 1776 sq ft

Cafe 855 sq ft

2nd floor 2nd floor

floor 1st1stfloor

Configuration 6a

Configuration 6a storage 1100 sq ft

loading dock 1100 sq ft

Theatre 1680 sq ft

Winter Garden 3521 sq ft

coat check 300 sq ft

Restaurant 1050 sq ft

Gallery 2 1187 sq ft

Boutique 950 sq ft

Platform 1670 sq ft

Cafe 855 sq ft

1st floor 1st floor

2nd floor 2nd floor

Configuration 1b office space 1100 sq ft

Residency 1230 sq ft Gallery 3 1187 sq ft

Residency 1370 sq ft

Meeting Room 883 sq ft

3rdfloor floor 3rd

Configuration 5c office space 1100 sq ft

Residency 1230 sq ft Gallery 3 1187 sq ft

Residency 1370 sq ft

gallery roof 1670 sq ft

Meeting Room 883 sq ft

floor 3rd3rdfloor

Configuration 6a office space 1100 sq ft

Residency 1230 sq ft Gallery 3 1187 sq ft

Residency 1370 sq ft

Gallery 1 1776 sq ft

Meeting Room 883 sq ft

3rd floor 3rd floor

front of house + back of house.

To allow for the shifting technological and spatial needs, this project exposes the duality of the front-of-house and back-of-house spaces needed to create the technological illusions of contemporary art. Much of the new construction exposes the mechanisms of the building, not just to reveal the “man behind the curtain” but to create an easily hackable space that can adapt to the needs of each installation.

Moving through the building, the user encounters a range of experiences, depending on her path, which includes the four-hundred-year-old brick walls, exposed structural and utility components, white boxes, and black boxes.

perspective: Third floor gallery atop the floating theatre.

perspective: rotating gallery positioned to create a perimeter enfilade with elevating platform.

perpective: rotating white box gallery with black box in elevated theatre behind it.

perspective: entrance through the floating platform, showing threatre seating.

perspective: view from elevated walkway into the Winter Garden entrance.

perspective: elevating theatre down for formal perfomances.

perspective: elevating theatre up for exhibition or performance space.

elevations.

The facade is constructed of two types of masonry units which are translucent and semi-translucent.

The stones are laid in a Flemish bond, which creates different experiences on either side of the walls.

Moreover, the semi-transparency of the facade allows for visible changes in the facade when the moving elements are rearranged and different lighting is implemented.

north section.

GALLERY # 1

RESIDENCY GALLERY # 2 WINTER GARDEN

KITCHEN

RESIDENCY

MEETING SPACE BOUTIQUE

STAIR THEATER

CAFE

east section.

OFFICE

GALLERY # 1

GALLERY # 3

GALLERY # 2

STAGE/ GALLERY

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE STAGE/ GALLERY

STAIR THEATER

ornamental structure.

Year: 2019 With: Sam Jacobs + Paul Andersen Type: Civic

The use of frames as facade and ornament was the driving design force for this project. This project incorporates a variety of framing systems, including domestic timber frames and prefabricated trusses, to create ornate structural systems.

Using the domestic precedent of half-timber frames, this project scales up their form to create an urban tower. The semiotics of a domestic frame at an urban scale create a sublime sense of size, making the passersby feel like Lilliputians. The frame becomes large enough to house a smaller framing system and create an interior urbanism.

On the interior of the structure, the facade details continue into the frame systems in varied ways. Each layer of the facade corresponds to a different floor plan.

The arches on the facade are replicated on the interior structure, creating a cathedral sense of grandeur in the lower atrium. Contrastingly, steel and glass towers are housed within the structure. The frames of the mini-towers align with the larger frame of the building but also create their own rules.

For each layer, the sectional qualities of the structure were considered to allow for playful voids and interactions between the various frame systems in the building. Early research into grids and composition were used to help generate the floor plans.

The structure was lifted off the ground to create an open plaza to host public events such as political demonstrations, farmers markets, and festivals. Raising the structure above the ground is a symbolic nod to the bureaucratic functions of the federal plaza.

frame studies.

There is a geometric beauty inherent in prefabricated roof trusses. By taking available trusses found on the Menards website and arranging them in nontraditional structural formations, these studies explored geometric designs created through structural members.

images from menards.com

images from trekearth.com

The facades of half-timber houses use structural elements to create geometric ornamentation. While some of the elements displayed on the facade directly connect with the structural system within, much of it is purely ornament made from the structural system--unlike many forms of ornamentation which covers the structural details. In many modern steel frame buildings, the frame is the ornament.

However, the simplicity of frame does not include any of the purely ornamental structural details seen in half-timber frames. By scaling up and regularizing ornamentation techniques from half-timber houses, these studies imagine ornamental structure on an urban scale.

left: model photo, south view. above: model detail, first atrium.

plans.

as they align with the facade

above: model photo, detail tower facade. below: model photo, detail second atrium.

above model photo, second atrium view. below: model detail, ground level.

plans.

as they align with the facade

The aftermath of a night of riots in Paris.Credit...Bruno Barbey/Magnum Photo. From nytimes.com

nested homes.

Year: 2018 With: Julia Capomaggi and Grant Gibson Type: Domestic Selected for Year End Show

The sunken furniture and a ring enfilade construct a reversible game of familiar presences in both homes. Built-in furniture in vertical and horizontal surfaces defines the functional roles of each area and affects the ones immediately below or adjacent. Walls, floors, and ceilings turn into active surfaces holding furniture, spaces, and protrusions, translating into something different on the other side.

The two homes are intrinsically locked, affecting and defining each other but never really mixing. The effect is translated into a relationship between users of maximum autonomy and, at the same time, extreme interdependence. Each user can access one outer and one inner body in two different levels. The homes interrupt each other to get natural light in the inner body; the walls splay out and touch the exterior wall to form a window. This creates a slanted ceiling for the inhabitant in the ring. In both units, the kitchen space is placed in the center. On the top floor, the cooking area descends into the floor and protrudes into the cooking area of the other tenant. The extrusion is then mirrored on the ground of the bottom user to create a cooking and eating counter.

One of the units is inhabited by a family of four, while the other is a one-bedroom, almost penthouse apartment for a single person or a couple. The façade of the house is a series of cutout shingles overlain on a frame of steel and concrete, two elements that feel both urban and suburban. The shingles, as well as other elements in the house, contain a floral decal that ties the house to its natural setting and allows light into the house. The cutouts of the shingles also replicate the effect of seeing the trace of the other by only allowing a glimpse.

The house is lifted off the ground to free up the space and provides a minimal footprint on the natural setting to take full advantage of the green space within the city. The lofting of the house also allows an entrance into both units without disrupting the circular enfilade of the ring. The ground floor programming is kept at a minimum so that the land can inhabit the elements of a natural park as much as possible. Thus, the house becomes a treehouse. The house is placed in a natural setting so the house, like its inner chambers, becomes a hidden presence in the larger ring of the site.

diagram of usage. single bedroom apartment

This house seeks to eliminate the dualism and differences between two separate units while avoiding two identical homes.

The two homes are similar to each other; there are traces of the objects, furniture, and ways of living of one house on the other. They reflect and intersect each other, but they never interfere.

family apartment

plans.

Second floor

first floor

ground floor

The floral cut-out on the shingles creates a screen which provides dispersed lighting and privacy based on program.

above: model photo. second floor social and relaxation area. right: model photo. first floor entrance, social and relaxation area. bottom: east and west sections

The sunken seating pit on the opposite page descends through the ceiling of the other apartment and is reflected as a couch directly below it.

On the adjacent page, a double bed retreats into the floor of the apartment for a couple.

In the master bedroom of the family apartment, the double bed of the other tenants becomes a volumetric protrusion which punches an indentically shaped bed into the floor.

0’

16’

left: model photo. first floor bathing, master sleeping, and patio areas. above: model photo. second floor sleeping area, patio and social spaces. bottom: south, west, north, and east elevations.

julia a. turner

juliaturner0415@gmail.com | 312.545.3244 | issuu.com/juliaa.turner