Golden Years

The GOLDEN YEARS A supplement to The Intelligencer and Wheeling News-Register Monday, June 27, 2016

2 - Supplement to THE INTELLIGENCER and NEWS-REGISTER – Wheeling, W.Va. - Monday, June 27, 2016

The GOLDEN YEARS

Caring for Your Grandchildren

In the not-so-distant past, it was quite common for various generations of a single family to live under one roof and for many different members of the family to play a role in raising the children.

But that dynamic slowly changed as families spread out geographically. However, when the economy faltered and parents of young children realized they needed help, many returned to the old way of doing things.

Grandparents stepped up to look after their grandkids, and adults moved back home with their aging parents.

Some seniors needed to move in with their children to make ends meet. A study of data from the Rand Corporation found that, of the 4 million children living with their grandparents in the United States, 2.5 million live in three-generation households.

Nearly 1.5 million live in splitgeneration households or ones in which grandparents are raising their grandchildren. The proportion of all grandchildren living in three-generation households, 3.6 percent, has been steady in recent years.

Research suggests that splitgeneration households are usually formed when parents are no longer able to take care of their children because of physical or

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Multi-generational households are common once again. Families who work together can make the most of such living arrangements. mental illness, substance abuse, or economic problems. Threegeneration households, on the other hand, are generally formed because of problems parents encounter living independently,

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such as through separation or divorce or due to unemployment or economic need.

Caring for their grandchildren can elicit many feelings in grandparents, from nervousness to

excitement about a fresh face around the house. Raising grandkids can be overwhelming for elderly men and women, but the following are a few tips that can make the process easier.

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∫ Explore your feelings.

When you acknowledge your feelings, you are on the right path to making things work and recognizing possible obstacles. ∫ Expect mixed feelings from others. Grandchildren and your own children also may be apprehensive about this new living situation. Encourage everyone to share their thoughts and come to a consensus on how things will be done.

Expect it to take some time to establish a schedule, and don’t be discouraged by any initial behavioral problems. ∫ Take care of yourself.

Grandchildren, particularly young ones, can have a lot of energy and may require constant attention. Caring for such lively youngsters can be taxing on grandparents, who must make their own health and nutrition a priority. Give yourself some time for recreation and rest. Have grandchildren help out where they can. Don’t feel you have to spend every moment entertaining them. ∫ Ask for help when needed.

Reach out to friends or community members if you are feeling overwhelmed. There are a number of resources available to you, and many organizations, including AARP, have their own tips for assisting three-generation households.

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The GOLDEN YEARS Pointers for Adults Returning to School

Today’s seniors, particularly those who already have passed retirement age, may find themselves with many free hours to fill now that a job no longer accounts for most of their time.

Returning to school may help seniors realize lifelong dreams of finishing a degree, exploring a hobby, getting educated to gain work in a new field, or just to fill some time in a productive way.

Information from the United States Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics finds the demand for continuing education is still growing.

For those aged 35 and older, the center says adult enrollment should grow by at least another 7 percent through 2016. It’s possible to return to school at any age.

Adults looking at continuing education possibilities can heed these easy tips to make stepping into a classroom again successful: ∫ Get some help. Some time may have passed since you last toted textbooks or entered a classroom setting. Things have changed since you last were in school. Sit down with a guidance counselor or a career advisor and go over your schooling goals to plot out a degree map. This will help you determine which courses to take or what schools will best fit your needs. ∫ Research schooling

It’s never too late to go back to school, whether for fun or a second a career.

options. According to the National Survey of Students in Continuing Education, adult learners prefer post-secondary education that is affordable and close to home. Recognize that many schools now offer online

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learning, which may be ideal for you if you prefer to learn from the comfort of home. Decide what is important to you in a school, then narrow down your prospects. ∫ Schedule a campus visit.

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Tour the campus to get a feel for the school environment. Visit with someone in student services or attend an event for adult learners so you will know what the admissions process entails. ∫ Get financial assistance.

Scholarships, grants and other financial aid are not just for young students. You may be eligible for financial help. Speak with a financial aid advisor to determine your eligibility for programs. ∫ Decide enrollment status.

Do you want to go to school full time or part time or do you want to take classes here and there?

Knowing in advance will help you develop the right schedule. ∫ Take a few refresher courses. Rather than delve into the tough stuff right away, enroll in a few basic classes to ease yourself back into the academic environment. Then next semester you can increase the difficulty level and workload. ∫ Be prepared for homework and study. You may have grown accustomed to being only accountable to yourself as of late. Once in school you will have assignments and tests. Plan for study time and develop a schedule to allow for school commitments. ∫ Take it slow. There’s no race to the finish line. Going back to school is your decision, and you can go at your own pace. Adult students return to the classroom for many reasons.

Involve family in the decision to continue education and embrace the positive changes that are in store.

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Dr. Jill Hawkins Au.D., CCC-A Doctor of Audiology

The GOLDEN YEARS Aging and Driving Present Challenges

Getting behind the wheel and enjoying the freedom to travel is a luxury few are anxious to abandon. But there comes a time in nearly every person’s life when he or she must take inventory of his or her driving and assess if that next joy ride is a safe and smart decision.

Driving may help older adults remain independent and mobile, but the chance for a motor vehicle accident increases as one ages. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety says fatal crash rates per mile traveled increase starting at age 75 and increase notably after age 80. This is largely due to increased susceptibility to injury and medical complications among older drivers rather than an increased tendency to get into crashes.

Road accidents tend to increase around a person’s 65th birthday. Authorities in Canada require physicians to warn patients if the doctors have any concerns about their patients’ ability to drive. Doctors also must report these concerns.

There are no such requirements in the United States, where individual drivers and families must use their own judgement to decide if it is still safe for a particular person to be on the road.

Minor fender benders, traffic citations, trouble remembering

tions will help to determine your fitness to be on the road and shed light on any issues that need to be addressed. Those who wear contact lenses or glasses may need to update their prescriptions. ∫ Get enough sleep. Lack of sleep can affect the body in many ways, including reducing reaction time. Falling asleep while driving can compromise the safety of drivers, their passengers and fellow motorists. ∫ Know your medications.

Certain medications can make you drowsy, so read the labels so you know not to drive while taking them. Speak with your doctor to see if there are any substitutes that won’t affect your performance behind the wheel. ∫ Recognize your limitations. You may not like driving at night or in inclement weather.

Stick to driving when you feel most comfortable. ∫ Enroll in a refresher course. Sign up for a defensive driving course to review your Photo Provided driving skills. Not only may it Driving ability may decline as drivers age. But certain steps can keep seniors on the road longer. make you safer on the road, but it also may help reduce your directions or frequently visited would spell out medical desires away, as aging does not guaran- insurance rates.Getting older stores, may be early indications or end-of-life plans. This way, tee drivers’ abilities will decline. doesn’t mean you have to quit that a driver is no longer at his when the time comes to assess In fact, there are many things driving right away. Recognize or her best behind the wheel. driving ability, the conversation people can do to prolong their the signs of a decline in driving Some experts say that families already has been started. time on the road. ability and figure out how long should institute driving direcThere is no set age when a ∫ Get routine vision and it is safe to remain behind the tives, much in the way a person person’s keys should be taken hearing checks. These examina- wheel.

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The GOLDEN YEARS

Keep Your Heart Running Strong During Golden Years

Heart healthy habits take Heart health should be some effort, but men and a concern for people of all women can protect their ages, but especially so for hearts regardless of their men and women over 50. ages.

That’s because, according ∫ Get sufficient exerto the American Heart cise. At least 30 minutes Association, even men of exercise per day can and women who are free protect against disease. of cardiovascular disease ∫ Quit smoking. at age 50 are at a signifiSmoking increases your cant lifetime risk of risk for a host of aildeveloping the disease. ments, including heart But heart disease does disease. not have to be an acceptQuitting is a great way ed byproduct of aging. to start getting your heart For example, a 2014 and other parts of your study published in the body back on track.

AHA journal Circulation ∫Include heartfound that maintaining or healthy foods in your increasing physical actividiet. A diet that is rich in ty after age 65 can fruits and vegetables and improve the heart’s welllow in cholesterol, salt being and lower risk of and saturated fat proheart attack. motes heart health.

In addition to increas∫ Don’t drink alcohol ing physical activity as to excess. Like smoking, they age, older men and drinking alcohol to excess women who understand can lead to a host of heart disease and learn to problems, such as high recognize its symptoms blood pressure, arrhythhave a greater chance of mia and high cholesterol, minimizing its affects and each of which increases lowering their risk of havyour risk of heart disease. ing a heart attack. ∫ Lose weight. Being What are the symptoms overweight or obese is a of heart disease?

Photo Provided Heart disease is a blan- Heart healthy habits take some effort, but men and women can protect their hearts regardless of their ages. major risk factor for heart disease. ket term used to describe If you have already a host of conditions, so started to exercise daily symptoms vary depending alert men and women to the include undue fatigue, palpitaeven those men and women and eat a more heart-healthy on each individual condition. presence of hypertension, high- tions (the sensation that your who have healthy hearts and diet, then you’re on your way to The following are some of lighting the emphasis men and heart is skipping a beat or beat- no history of cardiovascular losing weight. Consult your the more widely known condiwomen should place on routine ing too rapidly), dyspnea (diffi- disease. tions and their symptoms: visits to the doctor’s office, culty or labored breathing), Symptoms of arrhythmia can physician if diet and exercise ∫ Hypertension: Also where their blood pressure can chest pain or discomfort from vary greatly, from a single pre- don’t seem to be helping you to shed pounds. known as high blood pressure, be taken. increased activity. mature beat to a series of preHeart disease kills millions of hypertension is a largely symp∫ Heart attack: The symp∫ Arrhythmia: Arrhythmia mature beats that occur in rapid people across the globe each tomless form of heart disease. toms of a heart attack are differ- means your heartbeat is irregusuccession. year, many of whom are over The AHA notes that the idea ent than the symptoms of heart lar, and men and women often Arrhythmia that lasts long 50. that hypertension produces disease that may lead to heart mistakenly believe arrhythmia enough to affect heart function But men and women who symptoms such as difficulty attack. only afflicts those who already may include symptoms such as learn about heart disease and sleeping, facial flushing, nervThe former can be found by have been diagnosed with heart rapid heartbeat, fatigue, dizziousness, and sweating is a visiting www.heart.org. disease or have had a heart ness, lightheadedness, shortness how to reduce their risk stand a far greater chance of fighting misconception.

Signs that you may be headattack. of breath, and chest pain. the disease.

Symptoms typically do not ing toward a heart attack But arrhythmia can affect How can I protect my heart?

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The GOLDEN YEARS

Preparing A Home For Elderly Residents

Upon reaching retirement age, new retirees may face decisions regarding their living arrangements. Some seniors may opt to stay put, while others may want to downsize their homes to save money and relieve themselves of the burdens of maintaining larger homes.

But those are not the only situations seniors find themselves in. Some seniors realize they can no longer care for themselves without assistance. In such instances, seniors may opt for assisted living facilities or choose to move in with a relative, such as a grown son or daughter. While assisted living facilities are designed to meet the needs of the elderly, young men and women welcoming seniors into their homes may need to take on some home improvement projects to ensure their homes are as safe as possible for elderly residents. ∫ Convert a room on the first floor into a bedroom. While this may not apply to all seniors, some men and women struggle with stairs as they age, and that can make it difficult for them to fully participate in a household.

Homeowners with an extra room to spare can convert a room on the first floor of their homes into a bedroom so seniors won’t have to climb up and down stairs throughout the day.

That ease of accessibility to the primary floor of the house encourages seniors to be active participants in a household. If possible, choose an area that is close to a first-floor bathroom. ∫ Take steps to make bathrooms safer. The National Institute on Aging says that more than one in three seniors over age 65 fall each year, and 80 percent of those falls take place in the bathroom.

Slippery tile floors can make it difficult for seniors to navigate bathrooms safely, and bathtubs and shower stalls

present additional challenges. Install grab bars on bathroom walls and next to toilets to provide support.

In addition, consider installing a shower chair or bench and removable shower nozzle in the shower or tub so seniors can sit down while they bathe and rinse without having to stand up on slippery surfaces. Make sure any mats around bathtubs and sinks are nonskid to reduce the risk of falls even further. ∫ Install an extra phone line or two.

While children and adults between the ages of 18 and 50 may never use the landlines in their homes, many seniors still rely on traditional telephones as their primary means of communicating with the outside world. Install extra landlines in your home, including in seniors’ bedrooms, so they can more readily access the phone should they fall and need to call for emergency help.

Phones in seniors’ bedrooms also may provide some additional privacy to seniors who don’t want to carry on phone conversations in busy areas of the home, such as the kitchen or living room. Such lines may also reduce feelings of isolation. ∫ Prioritize accessibility when storing items. When storing groceries, books, magazines, or other items seniors are likely to use, choose locations that are accessible to seniors. Avoid storing items on the top shelf of pantries, bookcases or entertainment centers, as seniors with limited mobility may not be able to reach them.

Many seniors move in with their adult children to make their golden years safer and more enjoyable and manageable.

Photo Provided Such a change in living arrangements Slippery tile floors can make it difficult for seniors to navigate bathrooms may necessitate some changes on the safely, and bathtubs and shower stalls present additional challenges. Install part of homeowners so they can ensure grab bars on bathroom walls and next to toilets to provide support. their homes are safe for seniors.

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The GOLDEN YEARS

Shopping for the Right Assisted Living Facility

The decision to move yourself or a family member to an assisted living facility can be difficult.

When men and women begin to experience difficulty with everyday activities, such as bathing, dressing or getting around, families may need to explore assisted living facilities.

Millions of people in North America reside in assisted living facilities.

The majority of residents in senior living are those who may need assistance with one or two daily activities, but who are otherwise mobile and selfsufficient.

Families faced with moving relatives into assisted living facilities can consider the following pointers to find facilities their loved ones will enjoy.

Consider the arrangements and services offered.

Some facilities offer single rooms, while others provide apartment-style living.

Most assisted living facilities provide a variety of services, such as housekeeping, laundry, exercise and wellness classes, and social activities, for their residents.

Investigate the offerings at each home you visit, looking for a facility that best suits your loved one’ needs. Inquire about staff and their schedules. It is important to know how many staff members a facility has and how many people are working at any given time.

Do staffing schedules differ at night? If a resident has a particular rapport with one staff member, can he or she be requested?

Look for a facility that is well-staffed and adept at dealing with elderly men and women. ∫ Learn about individual service plans. Many assisted living facilities create individual service plans, or ISPs, for their residents to ensure individualized care is given. These plans are important for the safety and comfort of residents and also can help maximize a person’s independence.

Some communities offer memory care programs for those with Alzheimer’s disease or other cognitive disorders. ∫ Consider the security in place. A good assisted living facility has a 24hour support system in place and immediate access to care. Rooms may be equipped with emergency phones that can be accessed day or night.

Many homes have check-in desks so that residents are Photo Provided accounted for when going Millions of people in North America reside in assisted living facilities. Finding the right one takes some on outings and for investigation. announcing guests. ∫ Check on licensing.

In the United States, each state has its own licensing requirements for assisted living facilities. Confirm a “The Home of Worry-Free Hearing” facility is licensed and that it meets the expectations of the local regulatory agency.

In addition, check with the Better Business Bureau to see if any complaints have been filed against the home.

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The GOLDEN YEARS

Parkinson’s Disease: Recognize the Early Symptoms Parkinson’s disease is a neurological movement disorder. Classic motor symptoms, such as tremor, rigidity and extreme slowness of movements and reflexes, called bradykinesia, are typically used to identify Parkinson’s.

However, identification of other, more subtle symptoms may help identify the disease years before more obvious motor conditions present themselves. Since Parkinson’s is a chronic and progressive neurological disease, symptoms are often mild at the onset, becoming more severe over time.

Initial symptoms may be so subtle that they’e even difficult for specialists to detect, according to the The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research.

Symptoms also may be different for some patients than others and may progress at different

Depression or anxiety may accompany other symptoms.

The National Institutes of Health says Parkinson’s disease affects as many as 500,000 people in the United States. An early diagnosis may help improve quality of life and delay the onset of greater motor issues.

Here’s what to look for and discuss with a doctor. ∫ Micrographia and other handwriting issues occur.

Those with Parkinson’s disease may start experiencing changes in their handwriting. Penmanship may look cramped, and letters tend to be smaller than normal (micrographia). Individuals may find it difficult to hold a Photo Provided pen and write.

Tremors in the hands, loss of balance, handwriting changes and slowed move∫ Tremors take place ments may be early indicators of Parkinson’s disease. in a limb. Tremors usualpaces. onset of Parkinson’s diswhen dopamine is affectly begin in the hands or Dopamine loss is a ease. Dopamine controls ed, walking, talking and fingers and may even major contributor to the movement and mood, so writing can be impacted. mimic a pill-rolling technique, which is a tremor between the thumb and forefinger. Tremors usually occur when the limb is at rest. ∫ Pace or activities slow down.

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tions can occur.

Difficulty with unconscious movements, such as blinking, smiling or even swinging arms, may occur when a person has Parkinson’s disease.

Movements may be uncoordinated and stiff.

Increased salivation and perspiration also may be indicators. ∫ Poor balance and loss of posture may develop. People with Parkinson’s disease may hunch over more and more and be unable to stand up straight. Balance issues, such as greater incidences of falls or being able to tip over more easily, may occur. ∫ Speech can change.

Changes in speech can begin, including hesitating before speaking, slurring words or speaking in a monotone voice. ∫ Others may notice a masked face. This describes a vacant or fixed stare and lack of facial animation. ∫ Sleep issues may increase. Parkinson’s disease can affect sleeping patterns and behaviors.

People with Parkinson’s may experience vivid dreams and nightmares, as well as an inability to stay asleep. Daytime drowsiness may also occur. ∫ Parkinson’’s disease is rare, and symptoms that mimic those of Parkinson’s may be caused by other conditions. However, if you or someone you know is experiencing repeated symptoms of any of the ones described here, speak with your general practitioner or a neurologist.

The GOLDEN YEARS

Occupational Therapy Retirement Saving for Late Bloomers Can Help Chronic Today’s young professionals hear about the importance of saving for retirement seemingly from the Pain Sufferers moment they are hired. In addition to

Millions of people suffer from acute or chronic pain every year, and the effects of that pain extend far and wide. While pain sufferers understandably focus their attention on treating their conditions, it’s important for all people to recognize the nonphysical burdens pain places on people as well.

Estimates vary regarding the overall financial burden of chronic pain on health care systems, but numerous studies have suggested the overall costs are in the neighborhood of half a billion dollars every year. A recent report from the Institute of Medicine estimated that pain costs American society as much as $635 billion every year, a figure that includes both the costs associated with treating pain and the money forfeited to lost productivity.

The costs of chronic pain are substantial in Canada as well. Though the population of Canada is just 35 million (compared to nearly 320 million in the United States), a 2010 report estimated the costs associated with chronic pain and lost productivity and sick days in Canada to be around $37 billion annually.

Chronic pain can be uncomfortable and costly, but there are ways to manage the effects of chronic pain and lead an active, productive life. Occupational therapy is one way for chronic pain sufferers to combat their conditions and improve their quality of life.

What is occupational therapy? According to the American Occupational Therapy Association, occupational therapists and their assistants utilize everyday activities to help chronic pain sufferers participate in the things they want to do

and need to do, including work.

What can occupational therapists do? Chronic pain sufferers rely on occupational therapists in various ways. Occupational therapists may identify the cause of their patients’ pain, suggesting alternatives to activities or behaviors that aggravate that pain. Such identification may include evaluations of patients’ homes and work environments.

Occupational therapists also teach methods for decreasing the frequency and duration of painful episodes. This may include adapting environments that tend to trigger pain. For example, if an office environment is identified as the cause of the pain or a primary trigger, occupation therapists can recommend adjustments and equipment to make that environment less conducive to pain.

Occupational therapists also teach clients how to use the equipment so their pain decreases while they perform necessary tasks, such as those associated with their jobs. Many occupational therapists work in conjunction with other health care professionals who are treating their clients. This cooperation can help to determine the ideal course of treatment and may help patients hesitant to treat their conditions with medication find other avenues to overcome their chronic pain.

Chronic pain is a potentially formidable foe that affects millions of people across the globe. Chronic pain sufferers can learn more about the role occupational therapists can play in combating their conditions by visiting www.aota.org.

discussions with human resources personnel about employer-sponsored retirement plans, young professionals are learning about the importance of saving for retirement thanks to the abundance of financial-planning advertisements on television, the radio and the Internet.

Older workers may not have been so lucky, and many may find themselves trying to play catch up as retirement age draws closer. While it’s important to begin saving for retirement as early as possible, late bloomers whose retirement dates are nearing can still take steps to secure their financial futures. ∫ Pay down debts. Eliminating debt is good for men and women of all ages, but especially so for those nearing retirement Substantial debt may delay your retirement and can greatly reduce your quality of life during retirement. If you still have substantial debt, eliminate that debt before you start saving additional money for retirement. Once your debt slate has been wiped clean, you can then increase your retirement contributions. ∫ Eliminate unnecessary expenses. If your retirement savings are low (many financial advisors now advise men and women that they will need at least 60 percent of their pre-retirement income each year they are retired), start cutting back on unnecessary expenses and reallocate that money toward retirement saving. Cutting out luxury items, such as vacations to exotic locales or country club memberships, is one way to save money. But don’t

Photo Provided

Cutting expenses and downsizing before retirement will help in the long run. overlook the simpler ways to save, you would slowly wind down in the such as canceling your cable subyears immediately preceding retirescription or dining at home more ment, taking on some additional often. work outside of your current job is a ∫ Downsize your home. Many great way to save more for retireempty nesters downsize their homes ment and perhaps even lay the founas retirement nears, and doing so can dation for a post-retirement career. help you save a substantial amount Workers over the age of 50 can be of money. If the children no longer invaluable resources to startups or live at home or if you simply have other businesses looking for execumore space than you will need after tives who have been there, done retirement, downsize to a smaller, that. Look for part-time jobs that less expensive home. Monitor the seek such experience. Even if the real estate market before you decide initial jobs don’t bowl you over to downsize so you can be sure to financially, part-time consultant get the best deal on your current work in retirement can make up for home. Downsizing saves on monthly lost retirement savings and may utility bills, property taxes and a host even make your retirement years of additional expenses. Downsizing more fulfilling. also means less maintenance, which Men and women on the verge of gives you more time to pursue your retirement can take many steps to hobbies upon retiring. grow their retirement savings and ∫ Take on some additional make their golden years that much work. While you may have long felt more enjoyable.

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