Gautam Rajkarnikar: Water availability in high mountain glacial river in Nepal

Water Availability in High Mountain Glacial River in Nepal

Gautam Rajkarnikar Nepal

July 14,2013

Khumbu Meteorological Sta/on

Sta/on : Dingboche Meteorolgical sta/on Place : Dingboche Al/tude: 4320 m Parameters: Thermo-­‐hygrograph , Solar Radia/on Recorder, Anemometer • Manual Rain Gauge and Totalizer • AWS – Data logger.

• • • •

Meteorological Sta/on

HYDROLOGICAL STATION

• • • • • • • •

Sta/on no : 666 River : Imja Khola Place: Dingboche Lat : 27º53’40” Long : 85º56’40” Al/tude: 4320 m Catchments Area: 135 km2 Established: 1987

Imja khola at Dingboche

Monthly Average Discharge, Imja Khola Sta/on Number: 666 Loca/on: Dingboche River: Imja

La/tude: 27 53 40 Longitude: 86 56 40 AVERAGE MONTHLY AND YEARLY DISCHARGE (in m3/s)

Year

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 2000 Average

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Year

1.42 1.49 1.50 1.43 1.43 1.27 1.30 1.30 1.72 0.98

1.50 1.29 1.42 1.33 1.33 1.26 1.39 1.37 1.77 1.02

1.42 1.56 1.45 1.41 1.07 1.25 1.36 1.45 2.02 1.15

1.44 1.57 1.66 1.49 1.12 1.25 1.46 1.46 2.54 1.63

1.83 2.50 1.95 2.87 1.26 1.90 2.21 2.22 3.18 2.01

1.97 4.21 3.42 3.64 2.61 3.26 2.53 3.12 5.03 2.74

5.70 6.15 4.21 3.78 3.57 4.25 3.59 5.09 3.95 4.56

4.44 6.16 5.19 5.17 4.87 5.25 4.67 5.43 5.00 5.60

2.97 3.95 4.64 3.95 3.95 3.15 4.03 3.93 3.91 2.43

1.88 3.04 3.29 3.04 2.80 2.36 2.69 2.89 3.05 1.65

2.14 3.10 2.63 3.10 2.01 2.40 1.60 2.24 3.11 1.24

1.99 2.12 2.28 2.12 1.43 1.30 1.32 2.00 2.13 0.88

2.39 3.10 2.80 2.78 2.29 2.41 2.35 2.71 3.12 2.16

1.38

1.37

1.41

1.56

2.19

3.25

4.49

5.18

3.69

2.67

2.36

1.76

2.61

Hydrograph of Imja Khola Average Monthly Discharge of Imja Khola

7 6

1990 1991

Discharge in m3/s

5

1992 1993

4

1994 1995

3

1996 1997 1998

2

2000 Average

1 0 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Gauge sta/on, Pangboche

Langtang Meteorological Sta/on

• • • • • • • • •

Sta/on: Langtang Place: Kyangjing Lat: 28º13’00” Long: 85º37’00” Al/tude: 3920m Parameters: Thermo-­‐hygrograph, Anemometer Manual raingauge, Totalizer, AWS Data logger Established date:1987 Jul 17

Langtang Meteorological Sta/on

Langtang Hydrological Sta/on

• • • • • • • • •

Sta/on no : 446.1 River Name : Langtang khola ( Source: Langtang Glacier) Lat: 28º13’00” Long: 85º33’00” Al/tude : 3800 m Catchment area: 340 km2 Place: Kyangjing Parameters: staff Gauge 1 m to 4 m Established: 1987 Jul 17

Langtang Hydrological Sta/on

Langtang Khola

Monthly Average Discharge,Lantang Khola Sta$on number: 446.1 Loca$on: Langtang Village River: Langtang Khola

La$tude: 28 13 00 Longitude: 85 37 00 AVERAGE MONTHLY AND YAERLY DISCHARGE (in m3/s)

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Average

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Year

3.06 2.51 2.36 3.11 2.40 3.03 2.59 ...

2.32 1.26 3.46 2.62 2.48 2.48 2.59

2.91 2.44 2.37 3.02 2.32 3.03 2.65 ...

1.95 0.827 2.98 2.19 2.23 2.24 2.39

2.49 2.41 2.35 2.72 2.25 2.66 2.68 1.08 1.87 1.26 2.86 2.4 2.19 2.12 2.24

2.73 2.42 2.46 2.57 2.41 2.87 6.62 1.27 2.49 1.96 3.43 2.65 2.30 2.20 2.74

4.48 3.24 2.85 4.71 5.13 5.22 10.8 3.50 3.79 2.97 4.70 4.09 3.46 3.44 4.46

8.68 9.52 13.4 12.3 10.6 13.0 12.3 8.33 6.62 9.22 9.10 6.29 10.6 9.37 9.95

13.7 11.6 13.0 13.4 14.7 15.5 15.7 11.3 11.6 14.2 11.3 11.4 12.5 12.1 13.0

14.2 12.4 12.8 12.9 13.5 14.5 15.4 10.7 11.5 12.9 12.4 11.9 12.1 11.7 12.8

10.4 9.06 9.62 9.20 13.7 11.1 10.6 8.96 7.80 8.57 10.5 8.62 8.09 9.13 9.67

4.24 5.36 4.70 4.76 10.0 7.79 4.15 4.14 4.01 5.66 5.77 4.15 4.27 4.26 5.24

3.49 4.46 3.44 3.41 5.77 4.19 2.53 3.02 3.14 4.25 4.17 2.99 3.09 2.80 3.63

3.02 3.12 3.32 2.74 2.93 2.61 2.43 2.34 2.55 3.69 3.54 2.59 2.75 2.44 2.86

6.12 5.71 6.05 6.23 7.14 7.12 7.37 ...

4.98 5.56 6.18 5.17 5.50 5.36 6.04

Hydrograph of Lantang Khola Average Monthly Discharge of Langtang Khola

18 1993

16

1994 1995

14

1996 1997

12 Discharge (m3/s)

1998 1999

10

2000 2001

8

2002

6

2003 2004

4

2005 2006

2

Average

0 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Conclusions • The monitoring station should be telemetry to get information/ data on real time basis.

• Strong database including snow and glacier information needs to be established.

• The observation network should be sustainable.

• Networks be equipped with robust tools and trained human resources for data collection, compilation, and processing.

Thank You