DR SITI NORZAINI ZAINAL ABIDIN AMIRAH ZAKIAH LEANN LAU GAN TECK YOU JOCELYN JILL HILMAN AQIL
0335365 0332326 0332294 0332751 0332341
SUSTAINABLE COMPACT CITY SUSTAINABLE LIVING ARC61704109845
C O N T E N T S
1
PHASE 1 - CYBERJAYA
2
PHASE 2 - CITY OF LONDON
3
PHASE 3 - COMPARISON
4
REFERENCES
PHASE 1
Phase 1
CYBERJAYA
INTRODUCTION
CYBERJAYA
Cyber 3 Cyber 2
SILICON VALLEY
Cyber 1
Cyber 4 Cyber 11
2020
Cyber 6 Cyber 5
Selangor, Malaysia 2
Cyber 12
3.2 km Cyber 9
Cyber 1
210,000 CYBERJAYA HISTORIC GROWTH
Designed with a residential capacity of 210,000, the city is divided to several 12 zone which is Cyber 1 to Cyber 12
1997 THE BEGINNING During the 1997/98 Asian financial downturn, Cyberjaya boomed but as the economy was coming out of the crisis in the early 2000s, growth stagnated.
2002 UPWARD TRAJECTORY After a slowdown from 2002–2004, Cyberjaya underwent a second surge in development. 2007 MOVING FORWARD
Cyberjaya proved to be more resilient despite the global financial meltdown of 2008–2009. The city saw a surge in growth between July 2006 to July 2008,
2020
RESIDENTIAL POPULATION BY ZONE POPULATION
LAND USE Mixed used development
AREA (ACRE)
15000
254.24 acre
Business & Service district
634.24 acre
Institutional
298.56 acre
Commercial
1,826.35 acre
10050
10000
7408
5000 2136 723
Public recreation area
624.75 acre
1
0
0 2
3425
2850
3
4
0 5
6
7 ZONES
8
9
10
11
12
41.51 %
58.58%
Most Area in Western side of Cyberjaya is residential and lack of commercial or enterprise land use and still has a lot of vacant land The effort bring these commercial and enterprise closer to home will allow more flexibility to configure future work-life requirements and will be an important contributor to quality of life
Phase 1
CYBERJAYA SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
GREY INTRODUCTION MP Sepang appointed only one contractor i.e. Syarikat Mainiza Mantap to manage solid waste in Cyberjaya. The scope of services include the removal and disposal of solid waste to the landfill nearby. The operating area of solid waste management in Sepang has been divided into three (3) zones, namely the operation of the North Zone, Central Zone and Southern Zone which cover residential areas, town, village, night market, main street and area of community facilities. Cyberjaya falls under the operating area of Central Zone along with Kota Warisan, Dengkil and Sungai Merab. There are two disposal areas for Sepang district which are Tanjung 12 sanitary landfill and Dengkil Inert Waste Landfill. For Cyberjaya, all waste is disposed at Tanjung 12 sanitary landfill in Kuala Langat, which is about 32km from Cyberjaya.
1000 tonne day capacity
160 ACRES
RECYCLING CENTER
Landfill Dependency
Waste =
1.64KG Day
Strategically located at a section of the Park and Ride facility, the new Cyberjaya Community Recycling Collection Centre (CCRCC) stands out with its unique design and solar panel roof.
09:00 A.M. - 05:00 P.M. 3 Days A Week Items accepted for Recycling
Paper
Tin
Plastic
E-Waste
Glass
COMPOSTECH MACHINE
FOOD WASTE
COMPOSITE FERTILISER
To reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills, Cyberjaya provides three Compostech machines for the community’s use, located at the SME Technopreneur Centre 1, MaGIC, and the Cyberjaya Community Clubhouse. These Compostech machines recycle organic kitchen and garden waste into compost within a speedy 24 hours, which is then used as nutrient-rich fertiliser for landscaping purposes around Cyberjaya.
Cooking Oil
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Cyberjaya owns two (2) main sewerage treatment plants (STP), which is STP A and STP B. These main STPs are
SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANTS ( STP )
X2
X1 STP
=
supported by seventeen (17) pump stations that use gravity flow method to transfer the sewerage to either STP A or B for processing. STP A is located at Persiaran Sepang, Off Persiaran Multimedia whilst STP B is stationed at Persiaran APEC, Cyber 8 which is situated at the south of Cyberjaya. By using the gravity flow method, the usage of energy needed to haul sewerage to the main STP A or B will be reduced considerably.
X 17 PUMP STATION
GRAVITY
A/B STP
PHASE 2
Phase 2
CITY OF LONDON
INTRODUCTION POPULATION PROFILE BY CENSUS RESIDENT ZONE
City Of London
Golden Lane
2001-3000 1001-2000 501-1000 301-500 201-300 120-200
THE SQUARE MILE
Smithfield Barbican Bishopsgate
Little Britain Middlesex Street City West Carter Lane
Mansel Street Estate
NORTH OF THE CITY Temples
Minories Queenhithe
EASTERN CLUSTER CHEAPSIDE AND ST.PAUL’S
Botolph
ALDGATE
REST OF THE CITY
LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM THE BEGINNING - THE CITY OF LONDON
THAMES AND RIVERSIDE
2.9 km
1894
2
An attempt was made with the Royal Commission on the Amalgamation of the City and County of London to end the distinction between the City and the surrounding County of London
9,401
1948 ZONING DISTRIBUTION North of the City
Eastern Cluster
Cheapside and St.Paul’s
Aldgate
Rest of the City
Thames and the Riverside
-Residential Estate
-Office Area
-Business Districts
-Residential Estate
-Historical area
-Mix Retails
-Large Open Green Areas
-Locations of known churches
-Tall skyscapers
-Area populated with
-Business District
-Bridges
-Largest area contains half of
such as St. Paul’s
-Very urban area that have
properties
-Attracts the most tourists
-Overlooking the river allow
total space in the City of
-Cheapside is a street name,
more buildings that green
as with historical buildings
London
the historic and modern
area
and restaurants
financial centre of London
riverside walks
Separate constituency under the Representation of the People Act 1948. Since then the City is a minority (in terms of population and area) of the Cities of London and Westminster. 1970 Went through first skyscraper, office space development in Central, Northern and Eastern parts and main residential estate is the Barbican Estate 2020
Phase 2
CITY OF LONDON
BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE
SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE TECHNIQUES
Capture of rainwater into a tank for non-potable use
LEGEND City Of London Great London Authorities The River Thames
Permeable pavers lets water soak down through the gaps between individual pavers into a rock chamber below
DRAINAGE SYSTEM Combined System Seperate System
In London, they have two types of drainage system which is Combined Sytem and Seperate System. In separate system have two separate pipes which one is carries stormwater to local stream and second one carries sanitary sewage to the sewerage plant. In a Combined system, it will collect rainwater runoff, industrial waste water and domestic sewage in same pipe and transport all of the waste water to a sewerage plant and then discharged to Thames River
LONDON SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE ACTION PLAN (LSDP) REDUCE FLOOD RISK
Reducing pollution of tributary rivers and streams
REDUCE POLLUTION
Providing oppertunities for school activities and studies related to the water cycle
WATER CYCLE
DISCHARGE TO TIDAL RIVER Rain gardens typically allow water to infiltrate and percolate through the soil at acceptable rates.
Discharging clean rainwater directly to tidal rivers, canals or docks after water treatment.
Steadily reducing flood risk by easing burden drains and sewers
SAVE WATER
Providing opportunities to save water
LSDP CREATE PLEASANT LANDSCAPE
Creating more pleasant landscapes, street and setting for London’s Building
Water sediment basin is a landscape features designed to store and in some cases infiltrate rainwater
Swales is a low or hollow space to allow the storage, carriage and infiltration of rainwater
Phase 2
CITY OF LONDON
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Park & Recreation Spaces in City of London
West Ham Park
ACCESSIBILITY OF OPEN SPACE
Queen's Park
OPEN SPCAE
Highgate Wood
Hampstead Heath
There are 376 sites of open space within the City of London. Overall there is approximately 32.09 hectares of open space of which 25.66 hectares is publicly accessible and 6.43 hectares is privately accessible.
Epping Forest
Burnham Beeches & Stoke Common
47 % Johnsons Court
BUTLER
ET
RE
FE
Tree
Protected Tree
GREEN VACANT LAND
ET
E ST LI M
N C OUR T
F E NC HUR CH AV E NU E
S TRE
Leadenhall Market
Roughly 47% of Great London is Green
33 %
33% of London is natural habitats within open space
14 %
14% is to be vegetated private or domestic garden land
Phase 2
CITY OF LONDON PURPOSE OF STRATEGY
RESIDUAL WASTE COMPOSITION
CURRENT RESIDUAL WASTE COLLECTION TYPE OF WASTE
The City of London Corporation’s previous Waste Strategy was developed in 2008 for a 12 year term to 2020. Since its development, there have been a number of important changes within the City and across the waste management industry in general. 9,000 RESIDENTS
Residential
-Weekly doorstep collection -Food waste to composting
Bulky Waste
-London Re-Use Network to ensure that furniture and electric appliances in good condition are collected for reuse and taken to a partner depot where they are refurbished and sold at reduced prices to families on low incomes.
340,000 WORKERS
Clinical Waste City Waste
SQUARE MILE
24,000,000 VISITORS
Hazardous Waste
The city are responsible for the area over one ‘square mile’ where workers outnumber the
WASTE PREVENTION PLAN
PREVENTION 100%
REUSE
75%
RECYCLE
50% 25% 0%
RECOVERY 1995
2010
2013
2020
DISPOSAL
WASTE COLLECTION
-Free clinical waste collection service -Standard litter bins and specialised litter bins for cigarette litter and chewing gum - London Wide Household Hazardous Waste Collection Service
The Waste Framework Directive (2008) has established fundamental principles for waste management which emphasis on prevention and reusing waste as resources. Landfill directive (1999) aims to reduce greenhouse gas (methane) produced from biodegradable waste by 2020 and succeeded by 2010.
Phase 2
CITY OF LONDON
RED INFRASTRUCTURE
Healthy Streets Indicator ( Source: Lucy Saunders )
CYCLE SUPERHIGHWAYS
CURRENT AND PROPOSED ROAD MAP
Pedestrians from all walks of life Clean air
Easy to cross
CS1
80 70
CS11
60
People feel relaxed
50 40
Shade and shelter
30
CS2
CS6
CS1
CS10
20 10
CS2
CS4 CS9
Places to stop and rest
Things to see and do
CS3
CS3
CS5
CS8
CS4 CS5
Not too noisy
People feel safe
CS6
CS7
CS3
CS7
People choose to walk, cycle and use public transport
CS8
DENSITY OF VEHICLES IN 24 HOURS
Running from Barking in the east to Lancaster Gate in central London
CS9
City of London place great emphasis on cleaner and healthier streets, they are almost 80% into their check scores
CS10 CS11
350% 292%
300% 250%
CAR
1am
3pm
200%
12am
150% 100% 50% 0%
-50% -100%
PEDESTRIAN
1am
3pm
-59% CAR
-25%
-37% PUBLIC TRANSPORT
The presence of Cycle Highways 3 have facilitated a 292 percent increase in cycling volumes since 1999
PEDESTRIAN
CYCLE
12am
LOWERING RATE OF CARBON EMISSION Case studies have shown that freight consolidation reduce the number of delivery trips by 46 – 80%.
CYCLE
1am
3pm
12am
Barbican
City Cluster
1am
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
3pm
12am
Local Zero Emission Zones
Supplier warehouse
Businesses
Supplier Consolidation centre warehouse
Businesses
PHASE 3
R E F E R E C E S
1.LD Global. 2020. Infographics: Transport For London - LD Global. [online] Available at: <https://thisisld.com/work/infographics-transport-for-london/> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 2.La21.mpsepang.gov.my. 2020. [online] Available at: <http://la21.mpsepang.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Preso16.06.17-ActionPlansv3.compressed.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 3.Thames21.org.uk. 2020. Sustainable Drainage Systems - Thames21. [online] Available at: <https://www.thames21.org.uk/sustainable-drainage-systems/> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 4.Cyberjayamalaysia.com.my. 2020. Cyberjaya Malaysia | Sustainable Living In Cyberjaya. [online] Available at: <https://www.cyberjayamalaysia.com.my/about/clean-and-green> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 5.Gangadharan, G., 2020. TRYKE – Another E-Scooter Sharing Service In Cyberjaya, Malaysia. [online] ROVERVIBES. Available at: <https://www.rovervibes.com/travel/tryke-another-e-scoot er-sharing-ser vice-in-cyberjaya-malaysia/#.XsT0KmgzbIU> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
6.Setiaharuman.com. 2020. [online] Available at: <http://www.setiaharuman.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/A4-singlepage-Info-kits-2018_FAOL-S2.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 7.Ppj.gov.my. 2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.ppj.gov.my/storage/volume02/277/277.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 8.Drnik.com.my. 2020. Featured Projects - Dr. Nik & Associates Sdn. Bhd.. [online] Available at: <https://www.drnik.com.my/svc_river_p2_p5.php> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 9.Smart.mpsepang.gov.my. 2020. [online] Available at: <http://smart.mpsepang.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Cyberjaya-Smart-Low-Carbon-2025-Interim-Report-June-2017.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 10.Cityoflondon.gov.uk. 2020. Strategic Flood Risk Assessment - City Of London. [online] Available at: <https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/services/environment-and-planning/sustainability/Pages/flood-risk.aspx> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
11.2020. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SUPPLEMENTARY PLANNING GUIDANCE. [online] City Hall The Queen’s Walk More London London SE1 2AA: Greater London Authority. Avail able at: <https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/osd34_sustainable_design_construction_spg.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
12.Mayor of London, London Assembly. 2020. Urban Greening. [online] Available at: <https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/environment/parks-green-spaces-and-biodiversity/urban-greening#acc-i-53466> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
13.Susdrain.org. 2020. Case Studies. [online] Available at: <https://www.susdrain.org/case-studies/> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 14.Matters, T., 2020. Healthy Streets. [online] Transport for London. Available at: <https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/how-we-work/planning-for-the-future/healthy-streets> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 15.MAYOR OF LONDON, LONDON ASSEMBLY. 2020. London Sustainable Drainage Action Plan. [online] Available at: <https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/environment/cli mate-change/surface-water/london-sustainable-drainage-action-plan#acc-i-56740> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
16.Arcadis. 2020. Which Cities Are Best Placed To Harness Water For Future Success?. [online] Available at: <https://www.arcadis.com/en/global/our-perspectives/which-cit ies-are-best-placed-to-harness-water-for-future-success-/> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
17.Murguía, R. and Nieto Combariza, M., 2020. CITIZEN PERCEPTION REPORT. [online] Fiabci.org. Available at: <https://fiabci.org/uploads/Cyberjaya%20Perception%20Report_Final.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
18.Noordin, N., Daud, M. and Majizat, A., 2020. Application Of IWRM/IRBM Principles For Tasik Putrajaya Catchment. [online] Wepa-db.net. Available at: <http://www.wepa-db.net/pdf/0810forum/paper29.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
19.Norbaizura, S., Hamada, T. and Fujiwara, T., 2020. Smart Waste Management For Low-Carbon Society In Multimedia Super Corridor City - Cyberjaya, Malaysia. [online] Jstage.jst.go.jp. Available at: <https://w ww.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejer/68/5/68_I_49/_pdf/-char/ja> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
20.Smart.mpsepang.gov.my. 2020. Cyberjaya Smart Low Carbon City Action Plan 2025. [online] Available at: <http://smart.mpsepang.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Ac tion-Plan-Cyberjaya-SLC-2025.compressed.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
21.Greater London Authority, E., 2020. London Energy And Greenhouse Gas Inventory (LEGGI) – London Datastore. [online] Data.london.gov.uk. Available at: <https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/leggi> [Accessed 23 May 2020].
22.London.ca. 2020. London's Greenhouse Gas Emissions. [online] Available at: <https://www.london.ca/residents/Environment/environmental-initiatives/Documents/GHG_emissions.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020]. 23.Smart.mpsepang.gov.my. 2020. FINAL REPORT Low Carbon City Action Plan For Cyberjaya CO2 Baseline Data Report. [online] Available at: <http://smart.mpsepang.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/FI NAL-Cyberjaya-CO2-Baseline-Report-REV1-ALL-2013.compressed.pdf> [Accessed 23 May 2020].