Advance Architectural Construction_Steel Framing System

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL CONSTRUCTION

STEEL FRAMING SYSTEM PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

LAM O WEN GAN TECK YOU HILMAN AQIL JOCELYN JILL STEVEN FERNANDO

Tutor : Mohamed Rizal Mohamed

Project 1 : Industrialised Building System (IBS)

01

INTRODUCTION

02

CONCEPT AND FRAMEWORK

CONTENTS

03

DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS

04

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

05

SCHEDULE COMPONENTS

06 07 08

IBS SCORING SYSTEM CONCLUSION REFERENCES

I N T R O D U C T I O N

I NDUSTRIALISED B UILDING S YSTEM Industrialisation process is an investment in equipment, facilities and technology with the objective of maximising production output, minimising labour resource and improving quality while a building system is define as a set of interconnected element that joint together to enable the designated performance of a building (Warswaski, 1999). The industrialised building system (IBS) can be defined in which all building such as wall, slab, beam, column and staircase are mass produced either in factory or at site factory under strict quality control and minimal wet site activities.

In Malaysia, Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) formed in 1994 have been educating contractors with the concept of IBS functioning as “assemblys of components” and implemented IBS Scoring System to measure the level of IBS usage in buildings.

CLASSIFICATIONS OF IBS FORMWORK SYSTEM

Formwork system offer high quality finishes, and fast construction with less site labour and material requirement.

Used in different types of structural construction due to it flexibility.

Usually applied in tunnel forms, tiltup systems, beams and columns moulding forms, and permanent steel formworks.

BLOCKWORK SYSTEM

The construction method of using conventional bricks has been developed with the use of interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU) and lightweight concrete blocks. The tedious and time-consuming traditional brick-laying tasks are greatly simplified by the usage of these effective alternative solutions.

STEEL FRAMING SYSTEM

Main focus on steel framing system for its lightness and effectiveness in time. The elements used from steel framing system are beams, columns, trussess and portal frames. Usually combined with precast beams, columns and floor slabs.

Due to its properties, it is used extensively in skyscrapers.

TIMBER FRAMING SYSTEM

This system involves prefabricated timber truss beams and columns. It is quite popular and widely applicable as it provides attractive designs and high aesthetic values as chalets for resorts,contributing very much to the tourism industry

PRE-CAST SYSTEM

Precast concrete system is the group that is most widely used in the IBS. It includes precast concretecolumns, beams, slabs, walls, “3-D” components such as balconies, stairs, toilets, liftchambers, refuse chambers, lightweight precast concrete, as well as permanent concrete formworks

COMPARISON OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM AND COMMERCIAL CONSTRUCTION

Pre-engineered construction lends itself toward a simpler design, quick and effiecient. Each component is fabricated to suit the design, and then the steel structures are delivered to site.

Because the design creates standard sections and connections, pre-engineered buildings are quickly erected onsite. Also, since the framing components are pre-fabricated, foundations are accurately determined based on weight. As a result, pre-engineered buildings have a quicker project turnaround and can often be delivered within two months (as compared to six to ten months for conventional builds). Between ease of coordination (pre-engineered construction utilizes fewer subcontractors), speedy installation, less mess and waste, this method lowers labour costs, and increases productivity.

Pros and Cons Pre-engineered construction isn’t ideal for every project type.

However, if the design constraints are equitable for your project, pre-engineered buildings offer a lower cost, less waste, low maintenance, durability, seismic soundness (flexible frames), and ease of expansion. Pre-engineered metal buildings are ideal for commercial and industrial construction projects such as gas stations, self-storage facilities, recreational facilities, and office/shop projects.

Typically, conventional construction occurs step-by-step: excavation and foundations are constructed before framing begins. Each component must be completed before moving to the next step, so scheduling is dependent upon each trade’s efficiency. Design impacts schedule immensely, particularly if it’s a complex design and because each component is designed from scratch, the project duration averages about six to ten months. Conventional construction is ideal for complex designs.

Generally, the conventional system is comparatively cheap compared to IBS system. In Malaysia for example, the number of projects utilizing IBS is generally low and therefore, the market demand for IBS manufacturers and IBS usage is low as well, thus giving rise to the high cost. In addition, through a study, 44% strongly agreed that they preferred conventional system than IBS because they found that conventional system is more open and flexible. An open or flexible system would be easier to implement since mostly timber, steel bar and nails only are required for construction. These items does not need to be custom-fabricated and can be fabricated on site. However, majority (89%) of respondents, especially from the contractors, strongly disagreed that conventional method is cleaner, safer and neater. In fact, 74% of respondents did not think that conventional systems will decrease labor, compared with 43% in the case of IBS.

STEEL FRAMING SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES Strength and Durability : Structural steel have dominating the weight bearing timber . Its is lighter and stronger . A typical weight – bearing steel fabrication is 30 % to 50 % lighter that a wooden equivalet.

So it makel steel frame construction far stronger and more durable than the traditional wood or concreteframed alternatives.

Fire Resistance : Structural steel frame constructions are resistant to fire , it can reduce the fire risk to the building and retarding the spread of a fire should one occur.

Effective Build Time : Most steel part are prefabricated to a specific form ordesign in the manufacturing process . These parts can directly send to construction site . The human errors are low because the manufacture build the steel part according to the respective code standard and dimension.

Moisture and Weather Resistance : Structural steel frame have great moisture resistant properties.

It component even more immune if the steel is coated with hot zinc and powder treatments or anti paint rust .

DISADVANTAGES Maintenance cost : Steel structure is expensive to maintain due to the action of the rust. Anti rust paint are expensive and required to renew time to time.

Fire Resistance : Even thought , steel is fire resistance but it only have a very small resistance compared to concrete . In high temperatures, steel loses its properties. Almost from 600-700C half of steel strength reduced.

Shape Mold : Steel cannot be mold in any direction because steel is only available in standard sizes and shape , it can only be used in forms in which sections originally exits . Not like concrete , it can take any shape when used with suitable form work due the meability of Newtonian fluid state from liquid to solid.

P R E C E D E N C E S T U D I E S

STEEL BRACING SYSTEM a) original bracing for one of the lateral walls using 120x0.8 Fe360 steel straps on both side of the wall fastened at the ends with 5.5 self-drilling screws

BULZECS’S HOUSE

FUNCTION OF BUILDING : PRIVATE SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSE LOCATION : TIMISOARA,ROMANIA AREA OF HOUSE : 117.5 m 2 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD : 1999-2000 CONTRACTOR : LINDAB Ltd. Bucharest IBS METHOD : STEEL FRAMING SYSTEM IBS COMPONENTS : STEEL FRAMING,CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB

b) lateral wall covered with LLP20/0.5 external sheeting, fastened in every trough with 5.5 mm self-drilling screws

c) equivalent bracing, having the same rigidity

Horizontal and vertical bracing connection

TERMOINDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE

FUNCTION OF BUILDING : SINGLE STOREY INDUSTRIAL BUILDING LOCATION : ARAD,ROMANIA AREA : 294 m 2 CONTRACTOR : LINDAB Ltd. Bucharest IBS METHOD : STEEL FRAMING SYSTEM

The structure is composed by transversal frames made by built-up cold-formed lipped channel steel. The structure has been longitudinally and transversally braced, both in walls and roof using tension rods.

The welded connections are connections which two components are jointed together become a primarily structure by welds.

04CONSTRUCTI ON DETAI L

A. Cr i dge Pur l i n Cl eat

( A)St eel RoofTr us s A. CSheet Pr i nc i pal r af t er

Gus s et pl at es Angl ec l eat Bas epl at e Foundat i onbol t C. Cbl oc k

( B)Roof t owal l Connec t i on

RoofTr us s RoofTr us s Sc r ewsasr equi r ed

Al i gnt r us sl ay out

Loc at i onands pac i ng perr oofpl an Twoangl es ec t i ons bac kt obac k

( C)Tr us sConnec t i on Ri v et s Gus s et pl at e

Si ngl eangl e

Cent r odi al ax es

( D)BeamCol umnConnec t i on Col umnf i ange

bol t Cl eatangl e Beam

( E)Endpl at eConnec t i on

Ex t ended endpl at e

( F)St eel St r uc t ur e Foundat i on

Fi l l etwel d

Bas epl at e Gr out

Conc r et e f oundat i on

Ful l dept h endpl at e

Par t i al dept h endpl at e

St eel c ol umn

Nutandwas her

Anc horbol t Anc hornut

( F)Pr ec as tCas t I ns i t uConc r et eFr amewor k Shears t uds Mes h

Conc r et eSl ab

Pr of i l es t eel dec k i ng Uni v er s al beam

( G)St eel Conc r et eConnec t i on Conc r et ec ol umn

St eel beam Conc r et ebeam Enc hor agebarofv er t i c al pl at e St eel c ol umn

( H)St eel Col umnandConc r et eSl abConnec t i on Ac ous t i cs eal ant

Li ghts t eel s eper at i ngwal l Pl at f r om f l oort r eat ment

Ac ous t i cs eal ant Shal l owi ngdec k i ng J oi nts eal edwi t ht ape Def l ec t i onhead

Dens emi ner al wool i npr of i l e ofs t eel dec konbot hs i desonwal l Mi ner al woodpac k i ng Dens emi ner al wool bet ween pr i mar ys t eel beam and l i ghts t eel c hannel

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SECTION A-A'

ISOMETRIC

FOUNDATION

COLUMN

BEAM

COMPONENT

SLAB

ISOMETRIC

200mm

COMPONENT

400mm

INTERIOR WALLS

3000mm

ISOMETRIC

3000mm

COMPONENT EXTERIOR WALLS

20mm 1000mm

200mm

400mm

ELEVATION

381mm

200mm

200mm

1000mm

PLAN

200mm

PLAN

200mm

2100mm

140mm

COMPONENT

651m Concrete panel

STAIRCASE

QUANTITY SYSTEM

80 In situ concrete

COMPONENT

ISOMETRIC ISOMETRIC

320 H Column

528 I Beam

DOOR

2100mm

287m In-situ concrete

2100mm

LENGTH SYSTEM

SYSTEM

COMPOSITE METAL DECK

COMPONENT

WINDOW

900mm

m

0m

3900mm

1800mm

PLAN PLAN

760mm

800mm

PLAN 820mm

QUANTITY SYSTEM

4 PRECAST CONCRETE

COMPONENT

ROOF TRUSSES

ISOMETRIC

ELEVATION

QUANTITY SYSTEM

200mm

ISOMETRIC

135mm

25

60mm

79 88 PREFABRICATED STEEL FRAMING

QUANTITY SYSTEM

24 48 PREFABRICATED DOORS

QUANTITY SYSTEM

72 PREFABRICATED WINDOWS

NO 1.

AREA (m2) or LENGTH (m)

IBS FACTOR

COVERAGE

IBS SCORE

Metal columns and beams + Precast concrete slabs = 285 m2 x 3 storey = 1754.73 m2

1754.73 m2

1.0

(1754.73/2339.64) = 0.75

(0.75x1.0x50) = 37.5

Prefab metal roof trusses = 584.91 m2

584.91 m2

1.0

(584.91/2339.64) = 0.25

(0.25x1.0x50) = 12.5

1.00

50

(287/938) = 0.306 (651/938) = 0.694

(0.306x0.4x20) = 2.448 (0.694x1.0x20) = 13.88

1

16.328

100%

4

100%

4

100%

4

67%

2

0%

0

100%

2

100%

2

100%

2

ELEMENTS Part 1 : Structural Systems

Total Part 1 2.

Part 2 : Wall Systems External wall using concrete with reusable system formwork Internal wall using precast concrete panels

Total Part 2 3.

2339.64 m2

287 m

0.4

651 m

1.0

938 m

Part 3 : Other Simplified Construction Solutions Beams 100% complies to MS 1064 Columns 100% complies to MS 1064 Walls 100% complies to MS 1064 Doors 67% complies to MS 1064 Windows and Slabs 0% complies to MS 1064 Repetition of floor to floor height = 100% Vertical repetition of structure = 100% Horizontal repetition of structure = 100%

Total Part 3

IBS SCORE = 50(Part 1) + 16.328(Part 2) + 20(Part 3)

20

86.328