September 29, 1989: Rosh Hashanah Edition

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Vol. LXVII No. 1, Omaha, Nabr.

29 Elul, S749 Friday, Sept. 2», 1980

'A Grateful Community Remembers m

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Happy New Year 1989-90

Fifty years ago this month, Hitler's Nazi Germany invaded Poland thereby launching World War II. The Jewish Press Board of Directors and staff thought that it would be appropriate at this time to utilize a special issue of the paper to talk about those men and women from the Omaha area who served their nation in uniform or as civilian volunteers.

Thus, this special Rosh Hashanah edition salutes all of those Jewish members of our community who helped preserve our liberty.

Oij July 5, 1946, the Jewish Press carried a news item announcing that 889 Jewish men and women from Omaha served in the armed forces in World War II.

Of those in service, commissioned officers numbered 209, while enlisted personnel included 597. Eighty-three were non-classified. Seventeen women served in the enlisted personnel.

Of this group, 19 were killed in action or died in service, five were taken prisoner and 60 were wounded.

A total of 259 awards were given to 167 of those in service. The Purple Heart led the list with 71 being awarded. The Bronze Star was received 52 times, the Presidential Unit Citation 48, and the Air Medal, 41. Twenty foreign decorations were recorded also.

Although such a goal would have been admirable, it was not the intent of the plan-

ners of this issue to provide a documentary that would include all of those who served.

We advertised for volunteers and those who responded to our notices were given an opportunity to tell about their experiences. Some gave detailed accounts, others provided selected memories, and many just preferred to submit a photo or two. We welcomed all replies, and did the best we could with the resour^pes at hand.

To my fellow veterans, their families, and all of those civilian volunteers who did so much behind the scenes, the Jewish Press thanks you and honors you with this special issue.

A grateful comimuiity remembers.

Cpl. Morris Malioe RA 11 148 020

•NrtdMlMlM Oliver B. PoUalt

The Jewish Press

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8«pUnibf 28, 19a»

Little Hymie Epstein from Omaha becomes a hero on New Guinea

By Dan Rivkin The bloody land fighting by Anoerican and Australian forces in New Guinea during World War II produced many decorated heroee, including Hymie Epstein of Omaha, an American medical aide.

During the fighting on Sanndt, an American unit was cut off in the jungk, leaving several dead men and a number of wounded. A company of Americans, including several madics, was sent out ahead to carry rations forward to the trapped units.

The rescue company proceeded cautiously toward .the jungk At the side of Major Bert Zeeff. who commandad the company, was a young medic ... Hymie Bpatain. His history is rvcorded in a dispatch by George Waller, a noted war corraapondent: "He was one swell little gvy. Thifs what his company said about Hymie. When they mentioned his name, there was s tightening around the moudh and a vagueness of the eyes."

Hare is the last of Hymie Epatein's life as Major Zeeff told it to Weller: "We were aeot out to carry ratiooa to one of our uniU cut off in the jungla. Thay had aavwai daad and a number of wounded. Epatdn wia a nadkal aide!

Tha Japanaaa DMiat haw heard ua eraapfatg along becauaa thty nM>v«d machiiM guns aooae the line of crawl Then they aent anipars around the aidaa so that thqr could pkk oa off whan we war* if we atappad movin|. But w*had to stop \mmm it waa < fMiat dark. TIMD. tJiqr opaaed (ire!

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"Epetein, a small, slight youngster, was lying at my side about three feet away. Suddenly, one of our men about three feet ahead was hit in the neck by a machine gun bullet. Both Epstein and I saw him, but the Japanese knew we were all there and fired on that spot It was like throwing away one life after anotherf "But thia little Jewish kid crawls right from the mud to the wounded men; got st his SuUanilamide powder and bandages, and lying on his back, bound the wounded man's neck. Then he crawled back with bullets all around him.

"Just before darkness, another man was hit in the head Wit^t hesitation, that kid crawled out again wiih his packet. He got to the man, rolled over, and lying on his back, bound up the man'a head. Then at dawn, the Japa began to act more accurately with their fire. , "A man on the left was hit and aawled down the line. Five minutea later, word was passed that Hymie was dead. He had crawled with buOeta all around him to a badly wounded guy and fixed him up. Than, tha Japa threw in all thsy had! Epstein couM have crawled back, but ba cbooa to atick. Ha atmd a littlatookinf. ^^ "We buried Hymia the naxt day. aa w« pulbd back through the juncla. When they are hamfinf hooora araand, you can giva mine to Httle Hymie Epstein, and that foaa for aQ of ua."

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Gene Rich came from MGM studfos

By EUzabeth Tape

ian and military personnel working for the Air ServEugene Rich was working in public relations for ice Command there, but that waa just one station, the Metro-GoldwynMayer Studios in Chicago when that was just the Headquarters. We had branches he chose to enlist in the United States Armed Forces in Texas and all over the country that did materiel in early 1942, shortly after Pearl Harbor. After a few planning. Offutt Field had the Martin fiomber plant then, that was one of our installations." months in Spokane, Wash., he went to Texas.

He was assigned to "start a new headquarters Mr. Rich led a staff of about 90 and explained, "Our there for the southern part of the nation for materiel responsibility was to keep them on the job at the supplies." Shortly thereafter, the Army transferred field. We had hundreds of personnel as team memhim to "headquarters at Wright Air Force Base out- bers soliciting promoting 'stay-on-the-job' programs. side of Dayton, Ohio, which was an international The work at Wright Field kept them flying overseas." headquarters for materiel command."

Another major component of Mr. Rich's work conThe work at Wright Field focused on "getting and building all of the airplanes, parts, all supplies and centrated on the selling of war bonds. For instance, equipment that went to Europe, that went to the he reports, "In the fourth or fifth war bond drive, we Pacific battleground and anywhere else." The Base's printed, in our own printing shop, and shipped over work focused on procurement and planning, "For all 10,000,000 fliers for others to use." As it happens, the new planes, and everything that they used—such Mr. Rich used his son, Lou, for one of the "Invest in Victory Bonds" posters. The campaign sold milas the bombers."

"It was an enormous establishment. We had a com- lions of dollars worth of bonds. plement of 200,000 people, with about five or ten Another service Mr. Rich performed was in camthousand officers, about 75,000 or 100,000 enlisted paigning for blood donations. "I promoted for our personnel and over 100,000 civilians at different department thousands of pints of blood. We collected times. We had people commuting to Wright Field blood all over the country. We had certain places on from towns such as Columbus and Cincinnati. Offutt the field where the Red Cross would come in and take is a small place in comparison." the blood, just as they do now."

Mr. Rich said, "1 handled the morale for both civilIn addition, Mr. Rich handled other responsibilities. He was in charge of the Wright Field newspaper, heading a steif of 10-12, mostly civilians.

Another task centered on Wright Field's opening its doors to the surrounding community several times during the year for open houses.

Another of Mr. Rich's many campaigns focused on some airplane propellers—about a thousand—that were found to be non-functionaL "They were declared surplus, but I got an okay to use them and 1 sold them for $10,000 bonds."

Mr. Rich describes yet another facet of his work.

"One of the jobs in our section was to keep the commuters bringing five people to work in a car, not just driving one person. We could never have accommodated the cars."

The Army even concerned itself with musical performances. "We had a band that was composed of some of the best big band members in the country who were enlisted personnel. They went all over the country playing for rallies, keeping the soldiers happy.

"There were other entertainers, such as comedians, also. We had a whole show." In another sphere, fighter Joe Louis was in the Wright Field headquarters for a while.

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By Lynda Frank While the Army was teaching their lessons during WWII, other lessons were also being learned, as Meyer Green found out at Camp Cook in CaUfornia...

After you finished your routine training and ate supper, there wasn't much to do. Oh, maybe a movie

Myer Green's dice game now and then, but mostly you sat around and talked to the guys or, as Meyer did, played cards and shot craps.

"One night after dinner, we started playing craps,'' he recalled, "and before long we had 15 to 20 players.

We had a pretty good game going. After about an hour I was holding my own pretty good and the gaine had gotten bigger, about 25 players. All of a sudden, there was a turn in the game."

However, while others were dropping out because they'd lost all their money, Mr. Green hung in there.

Eventually, there were less than a dozen players. Mr. Green was losing but stayed in. He was even there when it was down to four or five players. The game hadn't lasted but two hours before it broke up.

"We went back to our bunks and started talking," Mr. Green said. "We finally figured out that three or four guys had gotten into the game with loaded dice and walked away with all the money, about $400 or $500. I lost pretty good that night."

He said they later tried to find the fellows, who

could have come from any of a dozen barracks but they never did locate them.

Actually, this incident occurred during Mr. Green's second bout with the service. He received two discharges. He was in the Reserve Air Corps at Offutt from January 1943 until they disbanded it in April.

However, he was eligible for the draft and was taken in again the following September or October, spending time in CaUfornia and Missouri.

"Camp Cook is where they sent you when you were ready to go overseas," he said. While most of the fellows he'd gone through basic with were sent to the "hot bed" in New Guinea, Mr. Green was one of a few men who were sent instead to Missouri.

'A few months later, I heard from one fellow who was in the hospital He said most of the company in New Guinea had been destroyed, most were killed. " Mr. Green wrote back to the fellow but never heard from him again. "He probably died," Mr.Green said.

"1 was lucky, but I lost a lot of buddies. You get very close to each other in camp. "

Happy & Healthy New Year ^iJi^

Thanks to each of you

By Keri Saltzman "Those who study Torah are the true^ardians of civilization."

Formal education begins at a very young age.

From the first day mom walks us to the Kindergarten door, we begin to read, write, and understand.

We do homework, take tests and prepare for new adventures. However, all the schooling and preparation in the world can't teach us about the most important adventure of all: life.

This summer, I was fortunate enough to have a very unique opportunity: to study and record the stories of some of the men and women who served our country.

Being a recent high school graduate, I felt confident with my knowledge of the wars, of the drafts, and of the armed forces. However, what I had learned from my many history papers and books was just that. . history ... of the wars, not of the people, : their emotions or their lives.

As 1 began my interviews for the New Year's edition of th^ Jewish Press, I discovered how little my history classes and texts had taught me. Yes, 1 had learned dates and events and battles and treaties; but I had not learned how the wars affected the people involved.

There is no way a history text can relay the uni^ quely personal ej^psriences and feelings of each man " and woman who served our nation. OM man 1 talked to served the country in a legal sense, while another served on the front line; one was anxious to join the war effort and one was scared.

Just as each historical event has distinguishable memorable data, each person had a separate story, a different viewpoint, a different life.

This is the real, the human history of war—and none of it was kind or romantic as war is often portrayed in textbooks.

Judaism teaches us to study the Torah, our past.

It tells us that by doing so, we will be secure with our present civilization. >• IfouBdmyintwviswsforthiaedifcioDtovarifythiB lesson as I came to realize that although it is not necM«ary or good to dwell in the post, it is imperative to be cooflciously aware of the paet in a real and human aeoae.

I levnad about America's ^ars as an American and aa a Jew. I learned from real people of the terrors of war and I learned of the wonderful reailiency of the human spirit , To each of the pereoos I interviewed, I. offer my thanks for truly "starting my higher education" «nd to each of you and your families I aay, La Shana, •j»M4***t>*ul.*

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Abe Schloff in Alaska

By Lynda Frank Abe SchJoff was a 26-year-old prewar father working on the Alaskan Highway when he was called to Fort Snelling (Minnesota). Being a patriotic American, Mr. Schloff reported to the nearest draft board in Seattle and was inducted into the Army at Fort Lewis, Wash.

ert. They had to crawl across the land and into foxholes, carrying their rifles with bayonets in the fixed position, while live ammunition was fired overhead.

Mr. Schloff scurried into a foxhole only to find it was already occupied... by a snake. Then he grabbed his rifle to kill the snake, forgetting th6 bayonet was fixed, and put the bayonet through his hand.

"That was the only time I was wounded in the war, " Mr. Schloff said, adding,' There are no purple hearts for self-inflicted bayonet wounds." However, the wound did do some damage and. he said, attempting to cross his thumb over his little finger, "1 can no longer do the Boy Scout sign with this hand. ' Just as Mr. Schloff was sent to Fort Ord, Calif., for embarkation, the Japanese surrendered. So he was sent to the I3th replacement division on Oahu for six weeks. "The Japs were still active, " he

explained. 'There were snipers on the islands, those who wouldn't give up. " From there he was sent to Guam and the third of his service-related misadventures.

"1 no sooner put my boots on land, I got jungle rot la fungus). My feet broke out in blisters and 1 couldn't wear shoes. I was placed in the hospital for 69 days. 1 asked the doctor why they were keeping me there. The doctor told me they were trying to find the cause and cures of jungle rot." Mr. Schloff became their guinea pig.

Eventually, he was released from the hospital to do warehouse duties but was soon sent to Saipan in the Marianas where the jungle rot was again prevalent. This time they sent him back home. "They were releasing a lot of the soldiers at that time anyway," said Mr. Schloff, who was glad to get back to his wife and child.

"I was then sent to Fort Dix outside of El Paso, Texas." Mr. Schloff said. "While there I received a note from my draft board in MinneapoUs (his home town), saying Seattle had no jurisdiction and 1 didn't have to report there. Well, I showed it to the captain, who asked if I'd raised my right hand. 1 said 1 had and the captain said, 'T.S., Abe, you're in! " Mr. Schloff said an article on this incident, which could be considered Schloff's first military misadven• ture, appeared in the local paper with the captain's reply as the headline.

His next mishap occurred while he was participating ki an infiltration course out in the Mexican des-

[Ruth Bernstein helps ^K

By Lynda Frank

Flying fingers are what Ruth Bemsteid coatributed diuing World War II. She was involved with Hadassah at the time.

The organization operated a canteen, but at one meeting they distributed knitting directions for scarves, sweaters, mittens and hehnets (knitted caps wJlh an opening for the face). "We were knitters," Mrs. Bernstein said, "so it was reasonable that we do it for the war effort. " Although Mrs. Bernstein was working full-time in ib» office at her father's ice company (AUen ke Co.), she spent her spare time knitting and "^iiimtil she made about 10 sets for Hadassah'ji war alfort.

Mrs. Bwnatein also worked in the gift shop and snack bar at Children's Hospital for a whik From 1960 to 1962, she worked at tha entranca daak at Veteran's Hospital "Ihadtoaumiaa thepackagaap^ pis brought in," she saul "Thay waraa't; allowed to give anything to the patiants. I guaap thay war* afraid there'a be guns or knives and some of the patients, because of the war, were mentally ill " Mrs. Barnstain said she has always wanted to ) spend some of her tinw giving to others and, until about a year ago, she used tha skills sha laamad as a wartime vohlnteer to give tiau to tha JCC and the Rosa Blumkin Jewish Home.

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Bottom left, top ami-bottom right, High Holiday Services at Bad Manheim, Germany.

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Morris Fellman walked in London with General Omar Bradley

By Mary Fellman One day in the spring of 1946 I was having lunch with David Blacker, publisher then of the Jewish Press, when he looked up at the entrance of the Brandeis cafeteria we were in and said."Oh. chere's Morrie Fellman. He must be back from the service I quickly looked up to see a handsome uniformed young Jewish man whom 1 did not know. Coincidentally, when I returned to our office I received a phone call from Betty Fellman asking if I would accept a date with her brother, Morrie, who had Just come back from the service!

That was the beginning. We weut to a parly Betty and Abe had that Saturday night and by the end of December 1947, we went to our own wedding and party. Little did 1 realize then that when the story would be told about his Workl War II activities, I would be the one teUing it, but life has many strange twists.

After many hours of pouring over his scrapbook of official papers, reading dozens of his letters, 1 can proudly say that that special Omaha Jewish soldier enlisted as a private m the spring of 1941 and was honorably discharged m the spring of 1946 as a beutenant coloael.

Th» m-bet«Mfi five years mchided promotions kitfough all the ranks, officers' school the 12th ,\rmy (^tartermaster unit, and being awarded the Bronze Star fur mefitorieos service.

Around our kou«e then are a number ol his wartime mementos—a framed eottection of kis Brooje Star, official insigBia, his do^tags. a cofiy of Gentral Omar Bradley's books,"A SoUer's story, ° wiUi a peraoiul inaeripkioo bam kis commandiiig oificar, who heeded the 12th Army yroup in Europe, a maut,tur« Leaox CHp aad swccr set from Fraace wiMte he was stationed, a set ol sd beautiful cvyetal gflnm from sane BurfMseister's hrDuse in tba Waiabaden •ad of eewae, on the piano, a fraaed fktan

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worked during assignments in England and France.

We didn't get to Weisbaden or Bad Nauheim, Germany, where he also was stationed but his pictures of those areas are dramatic. Especially poignant are the pictures taken at Dachau Concentration Camp in Germany, July 1945, under a sign that says "Work Makes Free. " Monies fast move up in rank began soon after he was assigned to Headquarters Company, 110th Quartermaster Regiment. His business and accounting education and experience prior to enlistment caused his first officer to write a tetter to "whomever it may concern that Morris C. Fellman's "knowledge of regulations. War Department Circulars, the Table of .Allowances and basic Allowances is the most complete of any man this officer has had in his command."

It was the beginning of the move to officer'^ school. with graduation as a second lieutenant on July 3, 1942, and to captain in March 1943. The comments of his officers were repeated time and again until he was awarded the BrooM Star for "meritorious athievementa in caonection with mibtary operatioos against the enony."

Morrie would be the first to admit that he didn't win the war wngtehandledly but according to the citation. "His sound judgment and wiy foreaifht were clearly demonstrated oy tbe ncceaa of mtpstj aetmties which devekped mio iuch frent importance in tiefeating the enemy in Praace."

Hie mwuwewta to his faafly upon receiving the award were 'This is net for heroic aarvke. just for manterioas, and "What I particularty bbe is tba^ tW order ia agned by Qaapai Oaur Bndby and no doubt tbe dtatka witt alio ba rigaed by Uon." He WT«^ once of "waUung down the street with Bradley in Loadon and baviiif a aka talk." He coaaidered a

who went out early this mwnin mdming and started the ball rolling. The bells are tolling here now, the sign that the war of Liberation is in full swing. There is but one ending, a triumphant march into Berlin, then home! " Seldom did he complain, but one letter written after a very hard schedule said, "Don't let anyone ever tell you that being at a high headquarters is all gravy, have not had a bath for over two weeks, washed 20 pairs of socks yesterday and believe it or not I actually darned or sewed almost the same number.".II didn't know he could sew!)

Another time be wrote, "Do you remember what 1 said about the odor of the dead? Just read Ernie Pyle's column 'the smell of death washed past us in waves as we drove on. There is no last vestige of dignity m it' When one reads m the paper how the Nazis placed mines on the dead than you can realize how important it is to wipe them out completely " One of his few comments about his own work was, "You probably read about tbe tremendous supply program that is oeceseary over here. I don't think we give enough credit to tbe boys who make it possible for tbe combat troopo to do thur stuff."

He called his group, "tbe paper sotdiera," preMred to fight if they were bombad or invaded but not a combat outfit Every once in a while there was a bght note. When his aiatar wrote to say that 14-mantfokl Arnie still bdd no teeth. Morrie sent a miniature sot irf teeth home aa a bit ol homor. When he racaived a bulletin from Beth EL be noted ho« enjoyable it was to read all tbe kical iaformatioa And whan bis naphew. Paul, waa Bar Mitzvah, he wrote asking for "every detail" la one latter ha WTOU more wnotiwiaBy than uaqal about attending religious sorvioe in VersaiUee and speaking to a young lad who daimad bo waa 15 but actaaibr kwhad aboDt 11. It lannd eat tha bogr waa Oaa ol hia V-laltara vaa mittaa oa Armiatiea O^y not Joaiah bat prior to the war hia beat friead oaad in IMS. AnallHr ca &I%. IM4. said tlw *^ar ol to coaM to aarvicaa aad ha aaatad to lake hia plaea libaraliea ia aot wn^ a ptaa. a draaaa. but aa actuality laaiaatabitaaivriaadfavtlMaatanafBqr ftrioMi to attaad aanricaa in Pokad wkata ha had bean tahan to a Ubor ( •wk tlaa paal a aMwlka placed BM ia a pool' naatonreiaaaUJai !• I had ta knaa cattail tkiM bat 1 caa Ml tkat il ii rea^r a iHinf of lalef to know «« ofUalMtohiBi

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'Four and a half years is a hell of a slice of your life...'

By Lynda Prank "Four-and-a-half years is a heU of a slice of your life and I'm lucky I came back," Rubin Ratner said of his wartime experience.

Married in November 1940, Mr.Ratner came back to Sioux City from his honeymoon to find draft papers waiting. Nine months before Pearl Harbor he went in. "I believe the U.S. knew something," said the former Army gun mechanic, "because I was with a battalion that set up anti-aircraft guns along the West Coast on Dec. 5; two days before Pearl Harbor.

Coincidence?!"

However, Mr. Ratner's experience is full of the ups as well as downs of wartime life. "I had a good time in L.A. before I went overseaa. There were so many things to see and do: beer joints, beaches, the ocean, theaters."

Most importantly, his new wife was able to be with him. Someone in his unit knew Red Skelton, so Skelton came and put on a show for them. "I thought I'd pee in my pants," Mr. Ratner said.

Other pleasant wartime experiences occurred while serving in England. He had the opportunity to visit his mother's elderly aunt and uncle, who lived in Leeds, and, in Manchester, he went to a synagogue for Passover. "They invited the servicemen to stay after and portioned us out to families to share a Pesach meid with them."

Chi the down side, for 18 months after he left England, Mr. Ratner didn't sleep inside a building 'on the whole European continent." He said he slept on the ground and "sometimes, if you were hicky, you got into the remains of a bombed out house or building. You slept where you could."

Mr, Ratner said he was surprised England and Europe were so rural and that, unlike here, the farmers lived in the villages and just went out to their plots of ground every day. He was also surprised to find the many castles they saw so dank, dark and old, not like the storybook pictures of them.

A unique experience happened when Mr. Ratner was in Nancy, France, in the Alsace-Larraine. "We came across a desecrated synagogue the Germans had ruined. There was nothing left, only four walls and a roof. There weren't many Jews in my unit but we cleaned it up and had a dedication."

They also met a Jewish man from Nancy who invited them to come for a Sabbath meal and services.

"He knew Yiddish so well," Mr. Ratner said. "He could place where my parents were from because of the dialect I spoke."

Mr. Ratner also saw General Patton once, near Nancy. "He was a big son of a gim. I was buay working and I didn't salute, I juat kept (» worldng."

Another surprise for Mr. Ratner came when they were pr^aring guns for a Free French Armored Division that had come up from North Africa. "These men were all Black but they spoke nothing but French. To me. it was so odd that they didn't have a dialect from the Deep South."

Another recollection is what happened when they were going across Europe and wouki free people still in concentration camps. "The first thing that they did was go to the countryskie. To aatisfy their hunger, to the diaiike of the area fanners, they'd kill a cow or a pig. Then they wodd sK up firca all over

boat, before we were even off the dock, was a little bottle of milk."

Iowa gave their servicemen a bonus and Mr. Ratner was from Sioux City. Although he settled in Omaha after the war, "I still got the bonus." he said.

"I thought that was fantastic!"

Hears of daughter

By Lynda Prank On April 14, 1945. President Franklin Roosevelt died. Irving Forbes was out to sea that day. For security reasons, the Navy couldn't break radio silence, so the men on his ship were unaware the president was dead. They would not find out until their ship landed in Pearl Harbw two or three weeks later.

However, for Mr. Forbes, there was more important news of which he was unaware. When he arrived in Pearl Harbor, the Red Cross informed him that on the same day the president died. Mr. Forbes' daughter, Leslie Susan, was bom.

Robin Ratner and you'd look out and see little fires burning everywhere."

On the subject of his own food at that time. Mr. Ratner remembers the Army served a lot of spaghetti, which he still doesn't care for. He also said, "The first thing they gave us when we got off the

Casablanca recalled

By Lynda Frank When most of us think of Casablanca, we think of the movie with Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman. When Donald Strauss thinks of that place in North Africa, his recollections are much different.

In 1942. Mr. Strauss was about to be drafted, so he enlisted in the Army. After basic training, in field artillery, he was supposed to go to Officers Training School but turned it down and, after some addition^ training, was sent to Casablanca.

"We went in on the second day of the invasion, "he said, "and went through the whole North African campaign."

His unit, which was attached to General Patton's 3rd Army, saw a lot of action, "fighting back and forth with General Rommel and his men."

Toward the raid of the African campaign, Mr. Strauss was wounded by machine gun fire. "After some surgery and time in the hospital," he said, "I came back to the good old U.S." Once back home, he underwent additional surgery and hoapttalizatim. Although he was diacharged from the Army after serving two years, the memories of his time in Casablanca still remain.

Mr. Forbes came from a family which was in the baking trade so the military sent him to cook and baker's school "I had a choice," he said, "of Marines or submarines and I chose submarines and went to sub school. But I flunked out because I couldn't take the pressure of going down deep in the water."

Mr. Forbes said baking in the Navy wasn't what he was used to because "They didn't have the facilities for fancy stuff, mostly bread."

He also remembers they once lived on Spam for three weeks. 'We broiled it, fried it. every way you could make it. And every Saturday we had beansbeans in the morning and bean soup at night."

Even cooks have some adventures and Mr. Forbes recalls that after being_on the water all the time, it was nice to spend some time on land in the Philippines.

"While we were midway to the Philippines, my glasses broke and our ship wasn't equipped for glasses so I was sent to a Naval hospital ship. From there 1 was sent for a day to an Army camp at Radoban Beach on the Leyte side of the Philippines.

"They had containers of water hanging up and had to put pills in them to make the wata- pure. 1 was glad I was in the Navy, we didn't have to do that."

On the way to get his glasses. Mr. Forbes and the fellow who was with him bought large containers in the village of what they thought was orange juice.

"We ordered a glass and drank it down like the orange juice we thought it was. It turned out to be alcohol. I had a headache from it like you wouldn't believe!" he said.

Eventually Mr. Forbes received his glasses, whkh he described as being big. round and ugly.

He also recalls his impression of the prisoners of war they guarded while he was waiting for his ship in New York. "I never saw such a bunch of arrogant people, both e&Usted men and offico-s. They had q>itpoiiahed shoes and marched like they were the victors."

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Henry Stern meets cousin Sam

By Lynda Frank While in Australia with the Air Force during WWI I, Henry Stem went for dental treatment. The dentist aaked if he knew another dentist there, who was named Stem. "It was my cousin, Sam Stem, who was a major," Mr. Stem said.

His cousin wasn't the only person Mr. Stem ran into on the other side of the world. When he was in Okinawa his jeep broke down and Mr. Stem went to another encampment. "Who should happen to be there but Sonny Garber from Omaha," Mr. Stem said. "He lent me a jeep to get back to my camp."

Mr.Stem worked in supplies for fighter and bom-

ber squadrons. These included airplane engines, reserve gas tanks and hospital supplies. "Although 1 did duck a few Japanese air raids, including one while watching an outdoor movie (we never did get to see how it ended)," he said, "my biggest threat was being hit by falling supply boxes." However, he added, "I did survive two typhoons in Okinawa by ducking into caves."

He said they also had to be careful at night because "some Japs were still up in the hills and you didn't want to get shot by a nervous soldier standing guard.

It was always important to make sure you were recognized when going to the latrine.

West Point appointee

By Lynda Frank After graduating from Central High School in 1917, Ben Stem was inducted into the service but, according to his brother, Henry, "It ended before he could serve, so he helped set up the ROTC program at Creighton."

In 1919, Ben Stem became the first Omaha Jewish boy to be appointed to West Poijit. He was appointed by Senator Norris. After he graduated in 1923, he took further training at MIT. During WWII, Ben Stem set up the radar warning system for the Southeast coast and also served in the North Africa and European campaigns.

According to Henry, Ben Stem, who is now deceased, was in London in the Eisenhower command during the Blitz; in Europe for the planning of the invasion and set up the communications for the Nurenberg trials.

Upon returning to the U.S., Ben Stem was in charge of the Philadelphia Signal Corps Procurement Center and remained in the service until 1954.

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Monroe Rosenberg and the Enola Gay Topeka, KS Recollections of an incident during World War II

By Monroe D. Rosenberg As a member of the communications personnel of the 393 Group 272 B.U. Base Unit, it was my duty to inspect all of our B-29 bombers.

One warm night in July or early August of 1945 (can't remember the exact date), I was going about my duties when I approached a B-29 parked on the field to make my customary inspection. 1 noticed military police on the field near the airplane but didn't pay them any attention. When I stopped my weapons carrier and stepped out to walk to the airplane, I was stopped by the military police and asked my business.

1 explained that I was there to sign the Al form as. the airplane was not aUowed to depart without a radio check.

I was told in no uncertain terms to leave inunediately from the vicinity of the airplane.

Knowing the ways of the Air Corps, I finished-my duties with the other bombers and reported to the duty sergeant regarding the incident. He phoned our commander. Captain Halsey, who said he would look into the matter.

A short time later the captain called and said the matter was secret and to stay away from the airplane.

Early the following morning the plane left. I thought no more about the incident until I heard the report on the radio that a bomb had been dropped and had been estimated to have killed at least a hundred thousand people.

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I recalled my studies in physics in college and 1 began to think about the lessons I had learned about the potential power that was harnessed in the atom.

Then I put two and two together, so to speiik. The secret plane, called the Enola Gay, and the power of the atom, and I realized we must have dropped something different on the Japanese and that's the way it turned out when the full story became known.

It was an exciting time and I felt that the war would soon be over and it was.

That was my recollection of those days in history.

Cpl. Monroe D. Rosenberg Regular Army

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Elmer Shamberg of Lincoln, a warrant officer, served in the South Pacific as a court reporter interrogating Japanese generals.

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S*pt«mb«r 29, 1989

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Pag* 17

George Schapiro feeljs his 'iyar wound'

By Lynda Frank George Schapiro remembers his time in the service every winter. That's when he really feels his "war wound." ' N After two years in Italy, Mr. Schapvtf wai getting ready to go home. Then it happen^?^ ^ "I was waiting for the ship to take me home and went to the Red Cross building to see a show. The theater wasn't open. I was leaning against the door frame, where the hinges were, and when they opened the door my thumb got caught. I was running up and down showing everyone my thumb."

The medics put a cast on it to try to save it but when they took the cast off 10 days later, gangrene had set in. They decided to amputate. "I almost lost my whole hand," Mr. Schapiro said.

He was sent home and landed in New York on New Year's Eve but "wasn't in much shape to enjoy it."

He then was sent to Fitzsinunons Hospital in Denver where he spent a year saving the rest of his hand.

While there, he volunteered as a nurse's aide and worked with other vets. He also "took advantage of side trips and went to Frontier Days in Cheyenne, Wyo., and Greeley, Colo. I was in a sling the whole time with my hand wrapped up."

Sightseeing in the U.S. wasn't the only joy Mr. Schapiro had in the service,. Once he survived his training in Fort Hood, Texas, where "it was so hot we had to have classes outside," he was on his way to the Pacific.

However, Japan surrendered and he was sent to Italy. "On weekends I went to Florence and saw the

oj^ras. I knew a U^tle Italian so I could understand them. It's not like\here; the costumes, the operas, everything was f^tastic! " He was also stationed outside of Leghorn, 15 miles ftwin Pisa, and had the opportunity to climb the Leaning Tower. He also visited churches and saw statues. "It was all so beautiful!"

Mr. Schapiro also took a KKlay trip to Switzerland.

"It's a beautiful country and I really enjoyed it. I went to Lucerne, Berne and Zurich and took in all the sights. It was so clean, so beautiful. There were busy jewehy stores everywhere and the mountains; everything was beautiful."

When the stump of his thumb throbs from the cold Nebraska winters, Mr. Schapiro's memory turns back not to "my foolish accident," but to the beauty of the countries he was able to explore, courtesy of the military.

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Staff Sgt. Ben Novicoff of Lincoln served in World War II with a portion of the time at the Army Adjutant General's office, Fort Leavenworth.

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The story of YANCS

Home front heroines

JCC canteen

By Edith Rogert based on a coDversation with Mary Fellman "You just had to realize the mood of the timesi This was World War 11! The men were beginning to leave home. Our local women were doing many things on behalf of the soldiers. As we worked, we talked about who was going overseas and who was coming into town.

There were a number of us S.D.T.'s (Sigma Delta Tau) from the University of Nebraska and we were meeting regularly at Union Pacific Headquarters to roll bandages for the Red Cross.

We talk«d about the men who were coming into Omaha and we decided to do something. While I was working for the Army Corps of Engineers and writing articles about the soldiers for the Jewish Press, where they were stationed, promotions, that kind of thing, the idea of an active serviceman's hospitality conunittee in Omaha seemed the right thing to do.

Out of a carefree afternoon and thoughts for a speech to our Army-Navy Conunittee Service, the name YANCS, standing for Youth s Army Navy Conunittee Service, was born. JCC director Haroid Katz and I took the idea to the Jewish Federation Board, formed a committee and it just grew.

We were fortunate to have the most wonderful woman to work with—Mrs. Ruth Neuhaus! She was on the JCC staff as senior sponsor, the kind of a woman we girls took to immediately, like a second mother She was bright, educated and charming. We loved her and we worked very closely to publicize the iNCS

Almost 200 young women signed up to help and we alerted the various military establishments about the Omaha Jewish Community being ready to serve them.

Not even a month after organizing, our ranks included members of 15 girls' clubs and a fine crosssection of Omaha and Council Bluffs. It was the largest organized young women's group this locality had ever seen. The girls received instructions on war time hostessing and at the first meeting we drew names to see who would attend the upcoming J.W.B. dance to be held at the South Street Temple in Lincoln.

We then held our own dances at the JCC in the old Hebrew Club room. For our dinners in the auditorium, the YANCS would serve as waitresses, the boys would be delighted and they would MEET! We were greeting people from all over the country.

Boys from California and New York had known nothing of our state, let alone that there was this fantastic Jewish community offering service and hospitality—We offered home hospitality for Passover Seders, Shabbat and we often heard from parents thanking us for our thoughtfulness.

In addition to supper dances, breakfasts, sodal programs, and coffee hours, we held discussions on War Marriages, Dating of Non-Jewish Servicemen. Wartime Reciprocity in Marriage.

The YANCS set aside one night a week for the Red Cross.

In the midst of all the excitement, dances upstairs, dinners downstairs, WE HAD THE CANTEEN! VV»

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found a room in the JCC basement that had served as ac4tch-all. With donations of furniture, we fixed it tip, put out a call for magazines and provided it with plenty of postcards so the boys could keep in touch with their loved ones back home. That became our servicemen's lounge.

Every Sunday morning we served bagels and cream cheese. As time went by and we received more help, we staffed every day except Friday nights. It W83 a fantastic offering by our conununity to hundreds of servicemen. We still had our dinner and dances and held drawings so one lucky serviceman could call home free of charge We gave prizes and helped celebrate birthdays.

YANCS met on alternate nights to work on scrapbooks, hospital kits and equipment, as well as edit and assemble the material for the "JCC. Round the Globe, ' the paper that went out to Omaha servicemen overseas.

The boys loved to make recordings to send home.

They woukl start waiting in line eariy in the morning.

We sent Hanukkah and Puriro presents, sets of checkers and the like, to our Omaha Jewish military.

One of the great things that came out of all of that is that people got to know other people. It didn't have to be a romance, it didn't have to be a date, people just got to know and help others, but of course there were some romances.

If there was time to talk to the others who were active in YANCS, they would agree that it was fun and exciting at the same time. Between us all, and there were man v. we did a job that was noleworthy!

The Jewish Press appreciates the generous help provided by the Nebraska Jewish Historical Society in producing this special holiday issue

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Milton Marcus played in the Air Force Band

By Keri Saltzman "Where words fail, music speaks. " The above verse by Hans Christian Andersen takes on a truly unique meaning when associated with the Korean War. During a period of history filled with violence, hatred and lonehness, the all too often failed words of peace conferences gave way to the sounds of joyous music.

Serving his country from 1952-1957, Milton Marcus was one of many musicians who entertained both troops and the general public alike in the United States Air F"orce Band.

Mr. Marcus was born in New York and was raised as a Reform Jew. He grew up in a neighborhood filled with ethnic diversity. An only child, he attended the City College of New York and was a participant in th6 school's ROTC program.

Following this, Mr. Marcus enrolled in the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia to pursue his love for the trumpet. It was during his enrollment here, in 1952, that he decided to audition for the Air Force Band.

I knew that 1 would be drafted soon, and I wanted to play music, if I could," he said.

Accepted by the band, Mr. Marcus began his ijervice touring the DC. area. After some time, however, he wanted to venture overseas and, thus, joined a band stationed in North Central France.

Recalling his home base as a friendly area, Mr. Marcus commented, "Where I was stationed was not a bed of Communist activity."

While in Europe, Mr. Marcus and his fellow band nembers visited 21 foreign countries and North Vfrica, to perform for anyone and everyone.

"The object of the band was public relations," Mr. Marcus, said.

While on tour, the band members often stayed IS the guests of local cities or municipalities, and >layed in parks, on bases, or as Mr. Marcus said, my where that would draw the general public.

Although Mr. Marcus was never in actual com>at, he remembers situations in which the ban4 bembers were reminded of the ongoing war. One

Stopping activity for a moment in February of 1965 while b Fountainebleau, France, Milton Marcus helps record a little bit of history. event which Marcus vividly recalls occurred during a trip to Morocco.

"The Sultan was scheduled to attend one of our performances and opted not to because of a rumored assassination attempt."

Mr. Marcus also recollects hearing stories of

another band being attacked in Korea. These moments, as well as his personal struggles, kept him constantly involved with his surroundings.

One personal struggle Mr. Marcus was defend ing during his service was his Jewish identity, During his first two years with the band, he was the only Jewish member. He recalls trying to be extra thoughtful to his fellow band members so that they wt)uld not have a definite reason to dislike him.

"I tried to give a good image, I watched my step."

Despite the anti-Senutism he did encounter, Mr. Marcus pointed out that it was somewhat mild.

"It wasn't exposed as mi^h among musicians," Mr. Marcus said, adding that music had somewhat of an equalizing effect.

Shortly before his discharge, Mr. Marcus, a Staff Sergeant, was transferred to the Offutt Air Force Base Band in Omaha.

He was encouraged to re-enUst and make the service his career.

However, he felt he had seen enough of the service and its injustices and, in May, 1957, after exactly eight years, six months and 29 days, Mr. Marcus was discharged.

In retrospect, Mr. Marcus, who has been married for 30 years and is the father of two children, found his service enjoyable.

"It was a way to keep up musically and still serve my country," he said, adding that he felt fortunate, to have been able to see so much of the world.

Mr. Marcus never did give up his love or ambition for music. Following hia discharge, he auditioned for and made the Metropolitan Opera, and, in later years, played with the Omaha Symphony.

He stUl can be seen performing with the Shriners, the Iowa Western Community College Band, and other area concert bands.

Those who have experienced his performances might consider him a spitting image of what Hans Christain Andersen may have been describing.

Using music instead of words, he speaks to all who are ready to listen.

Alan Chandler made a career of the Air Force

Alan Chandler «atWi the Air Force in Nov. 1992, nd inad» a career of it. Spmdiim; a total of 21 years Rthe service, Mr. Cluuadlwr •aiist«d because of the ban MiHile Criaia. ' "I thought th* worU was foing to blow up."

Hoping to make a dilfKWca. Mr, Chandler spent U vat 10 yaars in tha aarvice as an aircraft

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serve as spotters on rescue missions. Mr. Chandler explained that spotting did not involve any complicated procedures, only looking out of the windows and flying in circles approximately 1000 feet off the ground.

"A rescue mission was maybe five times a year.

There were four spotters on every plane," Mr. Chandler said. His first mission took place in Goosebay, Labrador.

The opportunity to see places such as Labrador was a primary factor in Mr. Chandler's decision to serve for so many years. Seeing a total of 29 countries, Mr. Chandler frequently volunteered for various missions which provided for additional travel He said he definitely enjoyed himself.

"In th» Air Force, you don't feel the danger. I thought 1 was doing something good. I etgoyed traveling."

However, Mr. Chandler did encounter danger. Following hia duties as a mechanic, Mr. Chandler underwent training for and became an iUuminator-operator. During a flight in Vietnam on April 2^, 1970, the plane Mr. Chandler was aboard experienced engine failure immediately after tak^ off and crashed.

"1 didn't know we were crashing until the third or fourth bounce," Mr. Chandler said. The enfine which separated h-um the mount and cante through the fuselage provided a hole for Mr. Chandler to escape.

His injuries were severe.

"The fUrea (which Mr, Chandler were responsible for) broke loose, Unded on top of me and ignited. 1 was, so to speak, on fire."

Mr. Chandler believaa hia life was saved by (he nylon flight suit he was wearing. One of two from a crew of eight W> aurvive, Mr. Chandler spent a year in and out of hoapitala for hia aerkHU hsM siMl hand burns, inchtdiug a sjkop at Otfutt Air Foro^ Baae, during which ha was married After recovering from hia buroa, Mr. Chandler became a Droductkn Achedutor, because of his ability to wock with coniputara lb fact, he is credited with devising a program at Travia Air Force Base which made his duuea eacier, and allowed a job, • intenriaitjtoh>4kMMihittfopae»ie,t».he4iMi»h»-<>B»

in half the time. It, was this job that spurred Mr. Chandler's interests in his current work with Entree Computers. ' After the crash, Mr. QhandWr cut down on his travels, but still got around: his first child was bom in England. tooling bach, Mr. Chandhv is content with his many experiences, which are far too numerous to mentiooaereb "I'm sure I made a difference. 1 think I paid my dues. I'm glad I can kwk back and say that."

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Ground crew proved hazardous to Sol Mann's health Uy Lynda Frank Ueing stationed in England as part of the ground crew for the 385th bomber group during WWII could be just as hazardous as combat... just ask Sol Mann.

One of his first encounters there was when he was with a group sent to Swinden to open up a new camp.

They had to find straw for mattress ticking and they traveled all day until they found a farmer who had ; some. They loaded it, went back to camp and filled the mattresses before eating a dinner of K-rations: The next day they repaired buildings and cleaned up the barracks; a few were sent to find food. After laboring all day, their one meal turned out to be potatoes and bread, the only food the fellows had brought back.

Things got worse: Mr. Mann got leave to go to London from his air base in Elmswell and was supposed to meet a young lady. There was an alert on and bombs were failing. "The flares were lighting up the evening sky," he said.

Meanwhile, Mr. Mann was on the seventh floor, the top floor, of a hotel and the building began to shake.

He raced downstairs to the main floor and out the entrance.

"There were EngUah people looking around and anti-aircraft guns firing at the enemy aircraft. Three blocks away a shell dropped and exploded. It shook the ground under me." After about 30 minutes the aircraft left and everything was dark, except the fires around the area. Mr. Mann decided to meet his ; friends.

"Running for the train I ran into a pillbox (concrete building). I felt blood coming from my face. I went into the first available building and washed it. Fortunately, it was just skinned."

Another of the many scares Mr. Mann experienced was when a plane came over and dropped a bomb on ; the hangar where his plane was kept. Not only was there a big fire but, "\ was in my tent near the aircraft and pieces of earth w«at Qying through the tent

while I was on my cot. It made holes in the aircraft.

I wasn't hurt but, boy, was I scared!"

Another time, he was on his way to the Red Cross and heard the "putt putt" of a buzz bomb overhead.

"I looked up and it was just passing over. I dove to the aide of the road, listening for the explosion.

Within a couple of minutes the ground shook and I heard the detonation."

When he got up he first noticed his clean uniform was dirty and then that the bomb had exploded outside his camp.

There were even closer calls. Once a plane was taxiing on the runway and it slipped off the pavement and went into his tent. "1 didn't get hurt because I was under the wing. The propeller just grazed the tent."

Another plane mishap missed Mr. Mann by inches.

"A plane was starting up and the engine caught fire.

We scrambled for fire extinguishers. I ran toward the engine with the prop spinning, tipped the extin guisher over and it just dribbled out. The propeller missed me by six inches."

The war wasn't all hard work and frightful events.

He was able to visit his brother, Paul, who was in the Navy. And, when Paul came tp visit his camp, Mr. Mann was able to take him up in a plane. "The pilot even let Paul take the controls. Flying a B-17 was a thrill!"

Mr. Mann once found out his brotherin-law, Morrie Ruderman, was in a hospital in Wales recovering from frostbite. It took a full day to get to him using a train, bicycle, ambulance and hitchhiking.

Mr. Mann also spent some leisure time in London attending plays and visiting a Jewish family he had noet at a train station. He would bring them margarine and caimed goods. "I remember," he said, "I brought them popcorn, too. They 'd pop it and use it as cereal."

And there was the time he and a fellow from New York decided to visit the Isle of Man but it was

fogged in. They'd met two English gir|s on the train who were headed for a resort in Blackpool. They invited the men to join them since th^ already had rooms booked.

"One evening, after an enjoyable time at the pub, it was agreed upon we'd exchange rooms, one-onone," Mr. Mann said. "The next morning we left. We never even exchanged addresses and we never saw them again."

However, they had exchanged gifts and 40 years later, Mr. Mann still has the wallet given to him tlvit night.

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Omaha Committee for Soviet Jewry Member THE UNION OF COUNCILS FOR SOVIET JEWS

The Voice of Ref useniks and Jewish Activists in the USSR Since 1970 The Union of Councils for Soviet Jews (UCSJ) is the largest grassroots human rights organization in the world devoted exclusively to gaining freedom of emigration and cultural rights for Soviet Jews.

Founded in 1970 by six community Soviet Jewry action groups, the UCSJ now has 50 local councils and more than 100,000 members throughout the United States. Headquartered in Washington, DC, we function through an international network of activist organizations, with affiliates in the United States, *Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Israel and the Soviet Union.

The UCSJ is led by the volunteer but professional officers and Board of Directors who are long-term activist leaders of the emigration movement.

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The Voice of the Refuseniks and Jewish Activists

UCSJ and our member councils have been the voice of the Refuseniks and Jewish activists in the Soviet Unk)n since 1970, Our policies, priorities and activities are devek)ped in direct consultation with activists inside ttM Soviet Union, as well as with respected activist leaders, such as Natan Sharansky and Josef Mendelevich, who have already gained their freedom from Soviet oppression.

Our organization was established to create a life-line of support to Soviet Jews through direct action and public advocacy. Effective support for Soviet Jews demands a united, broad-based, grassroots activist network whose only clients are the Soviet Jews themselves.

As an activist organization, the UCSJ and our network of local councils respond to the Soviet Jews' mandate for action through effective rescue activities.

• Direct support, encouragement and protection of Refuseniks; • Gathering and disseminating news and data concerning the condition and treatment of Soviet Jews; • Advocacy of Soviet Jewry policy and priorities to the Ac^ ministration. Congress, the public and instrumental agencies and forums; • Publications, including the weekly Refusenik Update, the most authoritative report of occurences affecting Refuseniks arxi other Soviet Jews pubn lished in the United States; • Educational programs, including briefings and policy analyses; • Grassroots activities, such as rallies, demonstrations and vigils; and • Collaboration with other national and international Soviet Jewry and human rights organizatk)ns.

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Hadassah and the war effort

By Edith Rogert Hadassah's noteworthy deed in the early years of the Hitler menace was to awaken Americans to the need of Europe's children.

In 1936, Hadassah contracted to raise $60,000 to help 100 German and Polish youths. They became the sole agency for Youth Aliyah in the U.S. In the first two years the original sums were quadrupled. At the close of the war, Hadassah alone covered 75% of Youth Aliyah's requirements.

On March 10, 1938, the British government notified the Jewish Agency that it was establishing a new category of immigrant students. Certificates would be unlimited on the condition that housing was made available.

On the following day, Germany marched into Vienna and annexed Austria. Two hundred thousand Jews sought to leave. Most wanted to go to Palestine, but in Palestine there were only places for one thousand youths in the kibbutzim.

Hadassah fought for the children with everything they could devise. They approached Zionist and non Zionist, Christian and Jew to fulfill its contracts.

Thousands of Hadassah's workers were in the field arousing America to the need.

They mobilized the most prominent women in America. Eleanor Roosevelt came to Hadassah's aid with endorsements of the rescue movement in her "My Day" column. When the Sept. 30 deadline arrived, 903 of the 1,000 were ab-eady in Palestine and the remainder were on the way.

The beginning of the war marked the end of Youth Aliyah's first phase. Between February 1934 and September 1939, Youth Aliyah rescued 4,886 children. By the close of the war, 7,446 children would be moved to Palestine from Europe.

Hadassah relinquished its monopoly when Jewish Agency leaders thought in terms of 50,000 rather than 10,000 and budgets soared beyond the capacity of one organization. ' By setting up emergency beds, Scopus was ready to care for 500 patients. Over the Palestine Broadcasting System, Hadassah dietitians gave instructions on how best to use rationed foods. Henrietta Szold cabled New York from Jerusalem, "CRY OF THE In Palestine, Hadassah went on a full war footing HOUR TO FEED HUNGRY CHILDREN." two years before the U.S. Feverishly, preparations to withstand an onslaught were being made. Patients Hadassah put 25,000 children on an emergency and staffs of hospitals were given air raid drills. feeding program in addition to serving 75,000 lunchOn Mount Scopus, a shelter was built with seven eons daily in 600 schools. This was apart from free self- contained units for doctors, nurses and patients. medical services for men in uniform and their fami-

Joining Hadassah in the fundraising effoi't were the United Palestine Appeal, Mizracfii Women, now AMIT WOMEN, and Pioneer Women, now NA'• AM AT USA .

lies, and refugees who received free clothing and medicine.

Ako, Hadassah did not neg^t homefront dutiesselling War Bonds, mobilizing members for Civil Defense, volunteering for auxiliary services—and for its dedication, won in December 1944, the "big E" for excellence award from the United States government.

Hadassah could make this contribution to the war effort because of its ability to meet crises as they arose.

Gerald Bernstien went overseas on a luxury liner

By Lynda Frank Army infantry 1st Lt. Gerald Bernstien went overseas on a luxury liner with two companies of nurses.

"We ate in a fancy dining room with waiters. Every night there were movies and dancing. I was provost marshal on the ship and had to obfick the lower decks, which were filled with stench. However, my job was basically to make sure no nurses were running around nude."

per cent Nazi." who had all kinds of wine, cognac and vermouth, which the Americans purchased.

Bemsiien wa.<) in a replacement depot which sending all new officers to the Ist Army division, nhe the IBattle of the Bulge. HowevCT, Mr. Bernstifen started thinking he might need an extra pair of eyegiaases, so he ordered a pair. Tliey called from the office and asked whethrer he wanted to wait for his or go join the 9th divisun.

"Whenevat we got short of money we'd buy booze and sen it to the Russians. They weren't paid until the end of the war and they gave them money that was no good in Russia, so they dkln't care what they spent. Theyjuat wanted to get rid of it."

" I thought, the heck with the glasses! They were killing the officers off just as fast as they coukl send them in," said Mr. BemstMO. who bMi found out his bMt frimd. OmahmHany Goldstein. ha4 tieen killed the dapr before Bcnstien graduated fr««n Officers 'ncatning School He then hitchhiked to join his unit which was 50 •flee from Berlin. The next oaoming, they were told to pack everything up because they wen going into fSHrveL "That's as doee ae I got to ooabat," he said.

After the war ended. Mr. Banatien workwl with dtafilaeed pereoos in difieraat to«na. For a while, hia laitwaeheodiiunrteredinamnnaeteryinStFlorian. tamawy run hy "• Iflfl

They opened up The Yankee Doodle Club on the first floor and had a dance with a band and free drinks every night. They were able to have free drinks, Mr. Bernstien explained, because they'd boy cognac for $4 a liter and sdl it to the Russians for $50.

gave him a 100-year-old music box , making a case for it so Mr. Bernstien could send it home. "I told my mom not to open it until I returned, " he said.

Later, Mr. Bernstien helped Steggemann return to Germany. In 1947, a year after Mr. Bernstien had returned home, he received a note from the clockmaker's wife. It said the Nazi winemaster had been captured and Steggemann called Mr. Bernstien "my best friend ever."

Mr. Bernstien alao spent timrat^amp Marcus On in Salzburg, which he sakl "had 2000 intelligent and artistic prisoners. They could make anything you wanted" He still has several pieces which were made by the inmatee. inrhiding a silver box with a stone on it and a handmade wooden box with carving on theUd.

The giria at the dance were from the town. Mr. Bernstien had one qMdal girl. YoOanda. from Rumania. Her father was Jewish. She was broadcasting propaganda against the i, Russians and when they When be left the camp, they made him a series of started coming that way she went to Austria. Her father was misaing and Mr. Bernstien took her to. caricatures of events which had taken place while ha cunps to try to find him. After the war, Mr. Bern- ^ waa there and wrote aonga to go with each one. However, hia pciaa maoMnto ia hit portrait, painted by stien and his wife smt her care packages of food. a prisoner on a piece of tent It hangs in the BemThey also sent packages to Franz Steggemann. a stien's living room. rlnfkmaker at the monaatary, who had run may Whan ha was stationed in Sckmwald, Germany in from Berlin. He had a room ^kd with ckcfca and mu> ak boxsa. Stsggemann. who had made ckicks for Bavaria, it waa aaxt to a Roasathal China factory.

Adolf Hitler and Heoiy Povd. flted watches ^ the "We ata^ chfaia, but instead of waahing the dishes, we ahing them out the window." While many of his militaiy r buddies sent home complite asts of diahes, to his "I wodd go and drink ooffae with him and Ustan wile's disauQr. Ifr. Bwaatian has onfy two irieces Intkmm from thsn. a pofcalaia cat and a pocealain dog.

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Hadassah and the war effort

By Edith Rogert Hadassah's noteworthy deed in the early years of the Hitler menace was to awaken Americans to the need of Europe's children. In 1936, Hadassah contracted to raise $60,000 to help 100 German and Polish youths. They became the sole agency for Youth Aliyah in the U.S. In the first two years the original sums were quadrupled. At the close of the war, Hadassah alone covered 75% of Youth Aliyah's requirements.

On March 10,1938, the British government notified the Jewish Agency that it was establishing a new category of immigrant students. Certificates would be unlimited on the condition that housing was made available.

On the following day, Germany marched into Vienna and annexed Austria. Two hundred thousand Jews sought to leave. Most wanted to go to Palestine, but in Palestine there were only places for one \ thousand youths in the kibbutzim.

Hadassah fought for the children with everything they could devise. They approached Zionist and non Zionist, Christian and Jew to fulfill its contracts.

Thousands of Hadassah's workers were in the field arousing America to the need. f

They mobilized the most prominent women in America. Eleanor Roosevelt came to Hadassah's aid with endorsements of the rescue movement in her "My Day" column. When the Sept. 30 deadline • arrived. 903 of the 1,000 were already in Palestine and the remainder were on the way.

The beginning of the war marked the end of Youth Aliyah's first phase. Between February 1934 and September 1939, Youth Aliyah rescued 4,886 children. By the close of the war, 7,446 children would fbe moved to Palestine from Europe.

Hadassah relinquished its monopoly when Jewish Agency leaders thought in terms of 50,000 rather than 10,000 and budgets soared beyond the capacity of one organization.

Joining Hadassah in the fundraising effort were the United Palestine Appeal, Mizrachi Women, now AMIT WOMEN, and Pioneer Women, now NAAMAT USA .

In Palestine, Hadassah went on a full war footing two years before the U.S. Feverishly, preparations to withstand an onslaught were being made. Patients and staffs of hospitals were given air raid drills.

On Mount Scopus, a shelter was built with seven self- contained units for doctors, nurses and patients,

By setting up emergency beds, Scopug was ready to care for 500 patients. Over the Palestine Broadcasting System, Hadassah dietitians gave instructions on how best to use rationed foods. Henrietta Szold cabled New York from Jerusalem, "CRY OF THE HOUR TO FEED HUNGRY CHILDREN." Hadassah put 25,000 children on an emergency feeding program in addition to serving 75,000 luncheons daUy in 600 schools, This was apart from free medical services for men in uniform and their fami-

lies, and refugees who received free clothing and medicine.

Also, Hadassah did not neglect homefront dutiesselling War Bonds, mobilizing members for Civil Defense, volunteering for auxiliary services—and for its dedication, won in December 1944, the "big E" for excellence award from the United States government.

Hadassah could make this contribution to the war effort because of its ability to meet crises as they arose.

Gerald Bemstien went overseas on a luxury liner ^K'

By Lynda Frank per cent Nazi," who had all kinds of wine, cognac and Army infantry 1st It. Gerald Bemstien went over- vermouth, which the Americans purchased. seas on a luxury liner with two companies of nurses.

They opened up The Yankee Doodle Club on the "We ate in a fancy dining room with waiters. Ever^ night there were movies and dancing. I was provost first floor and had a dance.with a band and free marshal on the ship and had to check the lower decks, drinks every night. They were able to have free which were filled with stench. However, my job was drinks, Mr. Bemstien explained, because they'd buy basically to make sure no nurses were running around cognac for S4 a liter and s^ it to the Russians for 150. nude. " "Whenever we got short of money we'd buy booze Mr. Bernstien was in a replacement depot which was sending all new officers to the 1st Army division, and sell it to the Russians. They weren't paid until the Battle of the Bulge. However, Mr. Bemstien the end of the war and they gave them money that started thinking he might need an extra pair of eye- was no good in Russia, so they didn't care what they glasses, so he ordered a pair. They called from the spent. They just wanted to ge^ rid of it." office and asked whether he wanted to wait for his The girls at the dance were from the town. Mr. glasses or go join the 9th division.

Bemstien had one special girl, YoUanda. from Ruma"I thought, 'the heck with the glusea!' They were nia. Her father was Jewi^ She was broadcasting killing the officers off just aa fast aa they could send propaganda against the Rusaians and when they them in," said Mr. Bernatien, who had found out his started coming that way she wsilkt to Austria. Her beet friend, Omahu Harry QoUstein, had been kiUad fathsr was missing and Mr. Bemstien took her to the day before Bemstien graduated from Officer* campa to try to find him. After the war, Mr. Bernstieta and his wife sent bar care packages of food.

Traiming School They also sent packages to Franz Steggemann. a He then hitchhiked to join his unit which was 50 mike from BerUn. The next moroing, th^y were told clorkmaker at the monastsry. who haonu a«i\y to ptck everything up because thsy w«« going into from Bsriin. He had a rooB iBJsd with clbcka and muXMsrve. "That's u cloae w I got to cooabat," he seid. sic boxeai Btammann. whp had made docka for AdoU Hitlsr and Henry Ford, fixed watchea for the _Aft«r the war ended. M>r. Bematisn worked with mihtary men.

I pcrsoDS in diffsrent towna. For • while, his "1 wouU go goaand drink coffee with him aad Itatea I headqpiartered in a monastery in St. Florian, tiithamii.irKftTiMi

gave him % 100-year-old music box , making a case for it so Mr. Bemstien could send it home. "I told my mom not to open it until 1 returned," he said.

Later, Mr. Bemstien helped Steggemann return to Germany. In 1947, a year after Mr. Bernstien had returned home, he received a note from the clockmaker's wife. It said the Nazi winemaster had been captured and Steggemann called Mr. Bemstien "my best friend ever."i Mr. Bemstien also spent time at Camp Marcus Orr in Salzburg, which he said "had 2000 intelligent and artistic prisoners. They could make anything you wanted.' He still has several pieces which were made by the inmates, inchidiog a silver box with a stone on it and a handmade wooden box with carving on the lid.

When he left the camp, they made him a series of earkatwea of events whieh had taken place while he wae thsre and WT«te aongs to go with each one. Howev«r, hia prisa meoMBto is his portrait, painted by a prisonsr on a piece of tent. It hangs in the Bernstien's living room.

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Pige 28

Jewish Press

September 20, 1989

Morris Ruderman volunteered for the service Mr. Ruderman's third Purple Heart was for frostBy Lynda Frank bitten feet. This happened in Bastogne, Belgium.

When Morris Ruderman volunteered for the serv"I wouldn't go to a hospital, so they gave me two ice during World War II, he did not think he could actually kill someone nor did he expect to receive shots to knock me out and carried me away on a stretcher." When he awoke, he was in a hospital in three Purple Hearts.

France and they had German prisoners carrying the Mr. Ruderman was a sergeant in the tank division. stretchers.

"1 gave up my stripes. I decided if I was going to Mr. Ruderman told them, "No way! I'm not going fight 1 wanted to be on the ground, hand-to-hand." to fight them and then let them carry me." So some It was in one of those fights an enemy soldier stuck Red Cross people carried his stretcher.

Eventually, Mr. Ruderman was in a hospital in a bayonet through Mr. Ruderman's chin, which Wales, where his brother-in-law, Sol Mann, came to earned him the first of his Purple Hearts. The second medal was for shrapnel in his back which he visit him. Mr. Ruderman had casts on both of his legs and when they took the casts off, gangrene had set received during another skirmish. in. They told him they would have to amputate.

"They took me to the operating room and showed me how they were going to take the legs off."

However, a young U.S. doctor decided to experiment to try to get circulation back into his legs. The frostbitten legs were soaked in an alcohol mixture in a 50-gaUon drum. It worked, although he still has minimal circulation in his right leg.

Mr. Ruderman was in the hospital for four weeks, but as soon as he was in a wheelchair, they put him to work cooking. Then the military was going over the Rhine and needed all the men they could findincluding Mr. Ruderman.

"My feet were still in bandages, so they cut off the toes of my shoes for ventilation and I crossed the Rhine on a rope. We traveled through snow four feet deep; even the tanks had trouble crossing because of the snow."

On top of this, they ran out of water so they ate snow. In Linz, Austria, they found a dead horse in a water trough so they removed the dead animal and drank the water from the trough.

"When you're desperate," Mr. Ruderman explained, "you'll do anything."

Mr. Ruderman was also involved in capturing 100 prisoners at Hitler's home in the mountains. He was injured here, too, but no Purple Heart was given. ""There were beautiful horses but no saddles. We took them anyway and I waa stupid to ride without a saddle. I kicked the horse which then knocked me off into

a tree. I split my head open and had to have six stitches."

Hitler's room at the mountain home, Mr. Ruderman said, had a leather desk and there was a button on the wall behind it. When you pushed the button, steel doors opened up and through a big glass window you could see all of Austria.

Before they left, Mr. Ruderman and his buddies used their bayonets to carve their addresses 24inches high on the walls of Hitler's office.

Mr. Ruderman also managed to get a few souvenirs, such as letter openers owned by Hitler and

by Goering.

While they were there they also accidentally discovered an escalator. The SS was on the bottom of the hill, about 500 steps down, while Hitler was at the top. "One day a general came and we told him he could have Hitler's place and the 100 prisoners.

"He told us we would be court-martial^ because we weren't supposed to be there. So when he wanted to know about the escalator, one guy smarted off to the general by telling him he could find the escalator like we did." Fortunately, there was no courtmartial.

Mr. Ruderman, being in the wrong place, also caused some grief for his wife. One time, some German people were hiding him and some men and the military didn't know where they were: They sent a telegram to Mr. Ruderman's wife saying he was missing in action and thought to be dead.

Two weeks later she received a note from the government saying they'd found him.

One memory Mr. Ruderman would just as soon forget is the sight of the men he saw dead on the beach.

"We were 10 miles out in the sea from South Hampton, England, when we were put on L.S.T. landing ships. They left us out in the water up to our necks. We were told when we got on the beach to keep moving or the ground would suck us up because the mud was so bad. I saw thousands of Americans get shot and die on the beach. Their dog tags were removed and buUdozers covered up the bodies."

Mr. Ruderman's three Purple Hearts don't ease that memory or the fact that he had to kill. However, he said, "It was either kill or be killed."

France marks 200th anniversary

By Rabbi Bernard S. Raskas As a result, a second trial was held and the evidence ST. PAUL (JTA) - On July 14, the Tuileries gar- against him was found to be completely unsubstanden in Paris became the focus of the world's atten- tiated. Thus, he was exonerated. tion as France officially marked the 200th anniverThe events officially concluded on July 28, 1906, sary of the French Revolution. when Dreyfus was reinstated, promoted to a full coloAs part of the celebration, the Declaration of the nel and given the Legion of Honor.

Rights of Man and Citizen, which was to become the However, the Dreyfus affair made a strong impact preamble of the French constitution in 1891. was on the outlook of world Jewry that had enormous read. implications. Jews were shocked that in France, "the How ironic that this 200-year-old French docu- homeland of liberty," such anti-Semitic expressions ment, which expounds equality and liberty, should should take place, much less be condoned. be read in the,very sanoe setting which.has again Theodor Herzl's confidence in liberalism was highlighted a classic controversy over the denial of shaken and contributed significantly to his embrace the rights of a prominent French Jew. of Zionism. The Dreyfus episode still persists in In the l\iileries garden in Paris, there was recently France itself. The (act that there is yet, a controversy erected a statue in honor of Alfred Dreyfus. Stand- over where the status<^ Dreyfus will ultimately be ' ing in the.very heart of French power and culture, placed is one exprM^oB of this.

It reminds one and all of the story of a Jewish army The bronze statue of Dreyfus, weighing one ton and captain disgraced on false charges as a (ierman spy standing 10 feet talTI^ dohe in a semi-abstract way and later rehabilitated. and is set in a grove of trees. It depicts s soldier, rsmThe full story has placed a permanent atain on rod straight, holding the handle of a sword under sn modern French history and still causes embarrass- uplifted chin. The blade is shattered a few inches raent in political circles. above th« hilt.

Alfred Dreyfus H859-1935) was the son of a The original plan was to place the statue on the wealthy, aaaimilated Jewish family which settled in parade ground of the Ecole MiUtaire. wheria Dreyfus Paris. He entered the French arm^y and became a cap- was degraded before being shipped to Devil's Island. tain on the generil staff, where be was the only Jew. This was too much for the right wing and the deIn a closed trial, based on suspidoua evidence, in- fense establishment. They di(f not think the mibtary cluding the testimony of a fellow officer who later college, where the am\y would be constantly readmitted he Ued, Dreyfus was found guilty of minded of their injustice, would have been an aptreason. p^)riate locatioa.

Hpn Jan. 5. 1895, he was publicly dishooond and It was dsddsd to place the statue in the Tuileries In Mot to Devil's lalimd. Throughout the proce- ganlsn by ths Seine River.' It is not fsr tnm the ire, Dreyfus declared. "I am innooeat." parade grouitd where Dreyfus was stripped of his Incited by the anti-Seinitk press, mobe roamed the insignia of rank and his sword broken. streeto aeminiBf spithsU. His dsfeodsTi continued But this srea also happaos to bokng to the natiooal to pnes his cue for exoneration. govammmt, and ths cky's authority dose not extend On Jan. 13. 1898, the newspaper L'Amors pub- ther«. The final location of the sUtue is still a nutbshsd aOO.OOO copise of u issus thiU contained a Ist- ter of negotiation. |«r by thenovd^EmileZoIa. snUtlsd "J'Accuse!"

The creator of the sculpture, Louis Mttelberg, has MbpsBwn. U««Mtl««M tiisjMi whsther Drey- an btsrseting backgrouad. Actually, MitaBMrg to bstter known it TinL t iwtitifal cvtoonlit vhoM

work regularly appears in the French magazine L'Express.

Barry James, in a splendid article in the International Herald Tribune, provides some fascinating biographical information about the sculptor.

Louis Mitelberg was bom in Poland in 1919 and first heard about Dreyfus from his father in Warsaw.

He came to Paris to study architecture at the age of 17, was mobilized in World War II, captured and sent to a German prisoner-of-war camp.

He escaped and made his way to Britain, where he joined de Gaulle's Free French Forces. On the day the statue was unveiled, Mitelberg was asked what hia work meant. j "1 wanted my statue Urshow that Dreyfus was " faithful and that it was (he others who accused him who were traitors," he replied.

Mit«lberg had completed the atstue in 1986 as part of Presidsnt Francois Mittertvnd's program to put lOO pereonahties in public places.

But |)ecause of opposition from the right wing, h|e was not sble to displi^ the statue until recently. The minister of culture, Jack Lang, said the sculpture "symboliue the fact that democracy can only be durably founded on justice and tolwance."

Thus it is that thexecent dedication of the statue of Dreyfus represents a final triumph of justice for Dreyfus, Zols and Mitelberg.

In the end, th«y were all vindicated. It is at once an ilhutratwn of the persistence of anti-Semitism snd the determinatioQ that it be fought, vanquished, snd the truth cons forth.

On Jutjr U, Vnaeh Jews were at itm ce^bration of the 200th anniversary of the Fr«ich Rewohition.

No doubt they kwked at the sUtue of thajr fcOow Jew, Alfred Dreyfus, and wondered. "Has the Declaration of the Rii^ts of Man bean hilBBid in spirit and in law?"

(Benard & Raakas to rabbi emeritus of the Tttnpto of Aaron in St Paul, and a tocturar in reU|^ms studtos at kiacalMtar C(dkffe.l

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8ÂŤptÂŤffltMr 29, 1989

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JawMi PKM*

Pag* 29

Samuel Kaplan in medical administration

Samuel S. Kaplan to distribute the payroll.

I entered active duty in the United States Army Since this was my first visit to the New York area, in February 1943, with my first assignment being in I met two of my fist cousins (and families) for the the Medical Administrative Branch at Fitzsimons first time. I had only been in touch with them by letGeneral Hospital, Denver, Colo. After five weeks of ter before this assignment. basic training I was ordered to duty in the company One of my special duties, while at Fort Hamilton, office as a clerk, preparing payrolls and insurance was serving as a member of the color guard at the papers. annual U.J.A. dmner in New York City. We preIn addition, our group was required to attend and sented the American and official U.J.A. flags. (That witness treatment and surgery of wounded service- was, of course, before the establishment of the State men in the hospital, in preparation for possible emer- of Israel.) gency duty in case of staff shortage in the nursing After the presentation, we were seated on the dai^ and care area. as guests of the U.J.A. I was seated next to Eddie The Denver community arranged many activities Cantor (of blessed memory) and enjoyed visiting with for servicemen in their off-duty time. At Passover in him. Cantor was the keynote speaker. Some years 1943, I was invited, with two other servicemen, to later, when Eddie was honored at a Beth Israel Huattend the seder in the home of the Baker family, manitarian dinner, I had a chance to reminisce with former Omaha residents who had moved to Denver w^mi^w^ a few years before the war began. r* On many Sunday mornings when I was not on duty, I attended morning services and a lox and bagel breakfast at Temple Emanuel. If I recall correctly the ^ rabbi at Temple was Herbert Friedman.

Times Square servicemen's center. (Her husband was president of NBC radio network for several years.)

In the summer of 1944 I received orders to go to Eurppe as a member of a finance unit, but my orders were canceled shortly after I received them because hostilities ended in Europe. I was then sent to Advanced Army Finance School at Indianapolis for 13 weeks of intensive instruction in government finance procedures.

Upon my return to Brooklyn I was transferred to Pine Camp, N.Y. (near the Thousand Islands of the St. Lawrence River) as assistant to the Post Finance Officer. I was promoted to staff sergeant on that assignment.

While I was officially assigned to the Finance Department, I was also selected to serve in G-2, the intelligence department of the army.

Although I did not serve overseas, I did go through the training sessions of parade drills, forc^ marches (in the wintertime), gas mask drills and infiltration course procedure under live gunfire.

For the High Holy days that year, my bride, Charlotte, and I attended Hebrew Alliance on the west side where Manuel Laderman was the rabbi at that time. We were made to feel proud to serve our country.

After being released from active duty in January 1946, I remained in the Army Finance Reserve for about five years, attending monthly briefing sessions.

During the summer of 1943, while I was at Fitzsimons, our company was given intensive training in parade field procedures in preparation for an official review of the troops by "an important government" person. He turned out to be President Franklin Roosevelt.

The Jewish Press thanks

In January 1944,1 was transferred to Fort Hamilton, Brooklyn, N. Y. One of our duties there was calculating and paying the Army Hospital Ship troops when they came in to Brooklyn with wounded servicemen from Europe. Many times the ships would come in at night and the Finance Staff would be called to the office at three or four in the morning

Samuel S. Kaplan

him and (yes) he recalled our meeting in New York.

The people of New York were very friendly to the servicemen. I met Cantor again when I was at a radio quiz show program, where he was the M.C. I was given tickets to several plays and programs by a very fiiendly volunteer, Mrs. BUI Paley, who served at the

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Morris Shapiro explores 'wiid blue skies' Because of the perpetual possibility that any Jew may resulted in 80 lost men. His second mission resulted in 600 deaths and 60 lost planes. Mr. Shapiro explained the loss have been shot down, Mr. Shapiro recalls that he and the others wore Protestant on their dog tags. Although he is of men became an everyday occurrence.

"It's just like you have to get up and go to work," Mr. not sure why, he is positive that someone did know.

Shapiro said.

Jews or not, the Air Force had severe losses. Mr. Shapiro Flying a total of 30 missions, mostly as a tail gunner, learned at his 25th reunion from the only person he knew and shooting down five planes, his 12th mission was unlike there, that 500 of the 600 men in his original group died any ordinary day. in the service.

"The pilot got killed. His arm was blown off. He bled to "I feel fortunate." death." Additionally, Mr. Shapiro was hit in the jaw and Although the thoughts and flashbacks still occasionally the face with shrapnel and would have died except the high occur, Mr. Shapiro welcomes every day, and proudly disaltitude caused the blood to chill, saving his Ufe. plays his many medals: the distinguisheid Flying Cross, the Out for three months, Mr. Shapiro returned for his Purple Heart, the Air Medal and five clusters, the Silver remaining 18 missions.

Star and the Presidential Citation.

"They didn't have enough replacements," he said, "you "I'm proud. I'm not conceited. It's an experience that resign yourself to it, if you get wounded, so be it." if you haven't done it, you can't comprehend it."

A letter from Guadalcanal Morris J. Shapiro

By Keri Saltzman "Fly high with the United States Air Force."

Morris Shapiro heeded this famous call to explore the wild blue skies when enlisting in April 1942. "I wanted to be in the Air Force. I liked that type of adventure," Mr. Shapiro said.

His adventures began in Wayne, Neb., where he spent two months learning to fly single winged planes. In October 1942, Mr. Shapiro went to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., and then to gunnery school in Las Vegas.

"If you wanted to become part of the aerial gunnery, no basic training was required," he said.

After his gunnery training, Mr. Shapiro spent seven weeks in Lawry in Denver, where he became a staff sergeant. Following this, he and his fellow crew members began their phase one training in Boise, Idaho, and phases two and three in Casper, Wyo. Explaining that there were 10 members to a crew, Mr. Shapiro remembers that his crew was inspected in Idaho

by Jimmy Stewart, and that the money throughout his training was good, somewhat blinding the men from their real purpose.

"We didn't know what we were in for."

Yet, Mr. Shapiro soon found out, beginning combat flying in July 1943.

His first mission was over Bremon, Germany, and

Following are exceqits from a letter written Feb. 29,1944, by Sergeant Major Harry Roeenstein, stationed at Guadacanal with the 25th Infantry Division. ... Two years ago I said goodbye to six years of college, to four years of chemistry laboratory, to a host of friends... and attached myself to the Army.

These two years are but an infinitesimal moment in the history of the world, but they represent an eon of time in the Uves of poor mortals such as I, whose span of life is so short and limited. What have these two years meant to me?...

South Pacific—I became very well acquainted with mosquitoes. I made friends with lizards, ants, flies, army red tape and a few dogfaces. I lay in my cot wisecracking while Japanese bombers flew overhead—until one bomb dropped a short distance away. Then I found out how to squeeze an entire human body into an eight-inch helmet... I found out what mud was. I learned how to put up a pyramidal tent in less than 24-hours. I played poker. I wrote letters by candlelight. I sat on the beach at night and watched the moon and the

stars. I experienced loneliness with hundreds of people nearby...

I ran head-on into civilization again. I saw wine, women and bright Ughts ... I drank beer. I ate steak and eggs. I walked on pavements. I was so astounded by civilization that I ceased writing letters. I had fresh milk to drink. I started to wear underwear again... ' Civilization gave way to primitive life. I started to eat Spam and powdered eggs. I learned what mud is again. I forgot what bright b'ghts were. I learned how to use a mosquito bar again ...

Perhaps I have retrogressed—perhaps I have progressed. Only time will telL Two years away from normalcy—two years away from those I , love—two years to be charged to experience in the book of life—two years which only I shall be able to decide as to their value—two years though which is a cheap price to pay for helping protect the life I want to live ...

The hour is late. I never was the outdoor type and this tent isn't air conditioned. Say hello to alL Give my love to those who remember Harry

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May You ondYottrs Be Inscribed In The Book Of Life.

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Dedicatory Address at Iwo Jima Cemetery Chaplain Ronald B. Gittleiohn

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HIS is perhap6 the grimmett, and surely the hol. ie<t Usk we have faced since D-Day. Here before us He the bodies of conrades and friends. Men niio until yesterday of last week laughed with us, joked with us, trained with us. Men who were on the same ships with us, and wait over the sides with us as we prepared to hit the beaches 6f this island. Men who fought with us and feared

with us.

Somewhere in diit plot of ground there may lie the Ban whi could have discovered the cure for cancer. Un'der one of these Christian crosses, or beneath a Jewish Star of I^vid, then may rest now a man who was destined to be a great prophet - - to find the w»y, perhaps, fot all to live in plenty, with^xjver'ty and fiartkhip for none. Now they lie here silently in this sacred soil, and we gather to consecrate this earth in their memory.

We dedicate ourselves, first, to live together in peace the way they fought and are buried in this war. '

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Here lie men who loved America because their ancestors generations ago helped in her founding, and other men who loved her with equal passion because they themselves or their own fathers escaped from oppression to her blessed shores. Ffere lie officers and men, Negroes and whites, rich men and poor • - together. Here are Protestants, Catholics and Jews - - logellver.

Here no man prefers another because of his faith or despises him because of his color.

Here there are no quotas of how many from each group are •(knitted or allowed. Among these men there IS no discriminatioo. No prejudkei. No hatred. Theirs is the highest and purest democracy.

Any man among us, the living, who fails to understand that will thereby betray those who lie here dead.

Whoever of us lilts his hand in hate against a brother, or thinks himself superior to those who happen to be in the lainority, pakes of this ceremony and of the bkiody sacrifice it commemorates an empty, hollow mockery.

To this, theti, u our ic4cmn, sacrad duty, do 'we the Irving now dedicate ourselves: lo the right of Protestants, Catholics and Jews, of white men and N^roc* alike, to «joy the democracy lor which all of (hem have here paid diepiice.

To one thing more do we consecrate ourselves in memory of those tvho sleep beneath these crosses and stars.

We shall not foolishly suppose, as did the last generation of America's hghting men, that victory on the battle-field will automatically guarantee the triumph of democracy at home. This war, with all its frighlhil heartache and suffering, is but the beginning of our generation's struggle lor democracy.

When the last battle has been wen there will be ihota at home, as there were the last time, who will want ui to turn our backs in selEsh isolation oor the rest of organized humanity, and thus to sabotage the very peace for which' we fight.

We promise you who lie here: we will not do that!'

We will join hands with Britain, China. Russia in peace, even as we have in war, to build the kind of world for which you died.

When the final cross has been placed in the last cemetery, once again there will be those lo whom profit is more important than peace, who will insist with the voice of sweet reasonableness and appeasement that it is better to trade with the enemies of maixkind than, by crushing them, to lose their profit.

To you who sleep here silently, we give o>ir promise:!* We will not lutenl We will not forget that some of you WYre Iximt with oil that came from American wdlt, that many of you were killed by shells fashioned from American steel. We promise that when once again men seek profit at your expense, we shall remember how you looked when we placed you reverently, kivingly, in the ground.

Thus do we memnrialiTn thoae who, having ceased fivipg with us, now live within us. Thus do we couccrate ourselves the living to carry on the struggle they bqan.

Too much blood has gone into this soil for us to let it lie barren. Too much pain and heartache have fertiHied the earth on which we stand.

We here wleronly swear: This shall not be in vain I

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Out of this, and from the suiferin^i^ sorrow of those wK) mourn this, will come - - we pttnise - - tlw birth of a'new freedom for the sons of mep everywhere.

Amen."

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I 34

Jfwiah Pr*M

S«pttmlMr 29, 1989

Sam Rosenstein thought he would serve in the states _^

By Lynda Frank A code clerk in the Army Signal Corps Communi-i cation Battalion, 29-year-old Sam Rosenstein thought he'd be spending hiw WWII service time in the U.S. However, he said, "They were short a man because a guy was sent home with syphilis and I took his place and was shipped out."

Never having been a Boy Scout, Mr. Rosenstein said he wasn't prepared for living in a tent in Australia, where he described the hot and cold nights "like someone pulled a switch, one minute sunny then dark."

However, because he worked in the supply room helping to give out clothes, he was assured of all the clothes he needed. On cold nights they also wore long Johns and used six blankets.

One rainy night they were put on a train from Sidney that took them three days and three nights to get to their destination, Rockhampton, a sheep grazing area. "When we arrived after all that time, they gave us dried apricot and a piece of tomato. After that, it was mutton, mutton, mutton.

"We also had mackerel and a lot of squash. The cereal was buggy ajid the milk was warm. Once we had pumpkin pie from squash for the holiday."

He also wasn't prepared for sleeping in the jungle in hammocks and consequently didn't get much sleep: "It was hard to.find trees spaced right and it seemed to be too short for me. Then when I turned on my side, the hammock was half turned over and I had to balance myself so I wouldn't fall out and rip the mosquito netting, which completely zipped us in,"

They were big and if you got bit you were a goner.

"Medics set traps every night and when you reached for your boots in the morning you had to be careful," said Mr. Rosenstein, who noted that the military lost 200 men from rat bites when they originally set up the camp.

Then, he said, there was the invasion in HoUandia, Dutch New Guinea. "The Japs were shooting overhead but there was no hand-to-hand combat. I slept in a foxhole with a sergeant and we were both almost in tears. It was raining and scary."

Mr. Rosenstein had dengue fever twice and when he went to the hospital, the doctor told him to find fellows who were ambulatory and get them out of there because a boat was coming. Mr. Rosenstein left his Boy Scouting behind as he headed for home the next day.

Mosquitoes were a problem, too, when Mr. Rosenstein drove for a lieutenant. He would drive him to the hospital to pick up a nurse, drive them to a show, then back to the hospital. "I had to sit in the car for hours waiting for him and got eaten by mosquitoes, which we had dubbed 'B-29'8.' " Mr. Rosenstein wrote home abnost every day, sometimes using equipment in the message center.

In May 1944, The Sunday World-Herald printed a letter he had sent to his parents. It was written on "some sort of Japanese ledger I picked up from around the area."

Packages also arrived from home, but those could be a problem as well as a delight. "We would get packages from home, mostly cookies. We'd lay them on the bed and, when we came, there'd be a trail of ants all over the cot," he said.

However, mosquitoes and ants don't compare to what the non-Boy Scout found at Goodenough Island, a little French island off New Guinea. "We had to wear leggings 24 hours a day because of the rats.

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SapttmlMr 29, 1989

Gerald Grant's buddy, Eddie

By Gerald S. Grant It was September, 1945, Japan just signed their unconditional surrender and my division , the 98th Infantry Division, left Hawaii by ship convoy for occupation duty in Japan.

The convoy stopped at Saipan for three days to take on supplies. We were told we could go ashore for a day but had to be back on board ship by evening.

My oldest and closest friend, Eddie Reiss, who I grew up with, went through grade, junior high and high school and then two years of college with, was stationed on Saipan.

I had his address, got permission to leave the ship and hitched a ride to the hospital where he was stationed. Eddie was a dental assistant. I walked into the room, spotted him and called out Eddie. He turned, looked at me and went back to work.

I yelled louder. He turned again and this time recognized me. I'll never forget the total look of surprise on his face.

Eddie got the rest of the day off, we talked about old times and both of us felt lucky that we had survived the war and that we soon would be home.

Since I couldn't stay on Saipan over night, he received permission to sleep on board ship and was supposed to return to his base in the morning.

That night, we talked to 3 a.m. and then slept on deck with blankets and a mattress. We were facing land on the starboard side of the ship.

Dawn was breaking when I noticed Eddie rising ajqd looking over the starboard side. No land.

His face had another surprise I'll never forget. He thought he was on his way to Japan, AWOL.

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He finalhy looked to the port side and saw land. We weren't moving, the ship had turned during the night, and a great sigh of relief came from him.

Eddie and his family and mine are close to this day and we never tire of relating that story of 1945 to whomever will listen.

First Sgt. Jack Fink (Finkelstem) was awarded the Bronze Star for service in Europe.

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By Dr. Martin P. Wolf In the Spring of 1953 at the end of the Korean War, I was stationed at Big Delta Air Force Station, 80 miles southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska. Passover was approaching and I was the only Jewish soldier on my base.

I wondered if there were other Jewish soldiers in Alaska that felt the loneliness that I was feeling at Passover. 1 contacted a Catholic chaplain in Anchorage (there were no Alaskan Jewish chaplains) and ask^ if he could help me set up a Seder somewhere in the Alaskan command. His and the U.S. Armed Forces response were overwhelming.

All bases were contacted and we discovered that there were 14 Jewish soldiers scattered throughout the territory from Juneau to Fairbanks, from Anchorage to Valdez. The Alaskan military com-

miand sent airplanes throughout Alaska to ferry us to Anchorage's military base.

The chaplain made contact with the Jewish Welfare Board of St. Louis. Those wonderful ladies in St. Louis sent us Haggadahs, packaged food, yarmulkes, candies, and home<ooked foods. They sent us everything that one could possibly need for a Seder.

In the cold Spring of Alaska, 14 Jewish boys from all parts of the United States sat together as a family and shared a Seder meal. For a few hours one eve-

ning, we exchanged our loneliness for renewal of our heritage.

The Armed Forces of the United Stated were always responsive to our religious needs. They cared about us and tried to help. Organizations like the JWB were always available and responsive to the needs of Jewish servicemen.

I am reminded each year when I sit down at the Seder that I was a free man in a free country in 1953 and so it has been in all the years since.

•Margaret Yudelson was a Gray Lady

By Lynda Frank

ery," she said, "but I would fall in love with them Although she was the young mother of two small and the next week they'd be adopted."

Although she spent most of this time working at school-age children, during World War II, Margarette Yudelson found time to help the war effort Lutheran Hospital, she also worked in the gift shop as a Gray Lady, a hospital volunteer. The term was and coffee shop at Children's Hospital. "This was used because most of these volunteers were older war-related," she said, "because of the shortage of help." women with gray hair.

While raising her two children and working five A Gray Lady for 10 years, Mrs. Yudelson sedd she wore a "darling uniform." The volunteers paid for the hours a day as a Gray Lady, Mrs. Yudelson also fabric and then the uniform was custom-made. To go managed to do knitting for the war effort, something with the gray and white uniforms, "we wore nurses' she had also done in World War I. caps with gray chiffon hanging in the back."

"I did q great deal of knitting: long-sleeve sweaters, After taking "a little course" to become a hospi' gloves, scarves and helmets," she said. "We were tal volunteer, Mrs. Yudelson's Gray Lady duties issued instructions and given khaki yam for the included calling on patients, writing letters for them, Army, and navy yam for the Navy. When we finrunning errands, delivering flowers and, sometimes, ished, we were given more yam apd more instmcdoing clerical work in the office. tions. I made one after the other, totaling hundreds "We did more than volunteers today because of the of items." shortage of help," Mrs. Yudelson explained. As an Mrs. Yudelson said her brother-in-law was in the example, she cited sitting with patients after surgery. infantry, "so the war really hit home. We were anxShe said she was also sometimes asked to go where ioius to do something anyway and this was an extra the mentally disturbed patients were kept.

However, it was her work in the nursery which incentive to contribute to the war effort."

How did she manage to look after her family and really affected the young mother. She worked with babies up to five months old in a special nursery for do so much for the war effort? "You manage," she babies who were up for adoption. "I enjoyed thenurs- said with a smile of satisfaction. "It wasn't a chore."

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Page 40

Jewish Press

September 29, 1989

Joseph Ginsberg was the first drafted from Iowa

By Keri Saltzman ' Joseph Ginsberg believes he played a major part in ending World War II: "I personally won the war!"

Although a fictitious statement, the spunk and vibrancy with which Mr. Ginsberg spoke these words during an interview are undoubtedly the same emotions that made him a historical figure at an early age.

With the choice of finishing college at Drake or aiding the country, Mr. Ginsberg chose the latter and became the first draft registrant from Iowa to enter the service.

"Hoping that none would be before him Mr. Ginsberg called... and began filling out the required questionnau-e." This statement, taken from a Nov. 2, 1940 article in The Des Moines Post, reflects the fact that Mr. Ginsberg, both then and now believes he made the right decision for what he was up against.

He remembers receiving a call from a Judge Grund asking him to join the service. "He called me and said he would like for me to go because I was Jewish and an athlete. This was a way of showing that the service was not selective," Mr. Ginsberg said.

Originally told that he would be in and out in one year, Mr. Ginsberg's plans for finishing college were further put on halt when he received word that he would have to serve a total of five years.

Following his first year in the service at Ft. Leonard Wood, Mo., Mr. Ginsberg became anxious to leave his duties as a medical supplies administrator.

"I wanted to be a part of the action."

With this desire clearly in focus, Mr. Ginsberg entered the school for medical administrative corps officers at Camp Barkeley, Texas, and was soon sent to the front lines as a battalion surgeon's assistant.

"The school taught front line medical procedures because there were too many casualties for the doctors," Mr. Ginsberg explained. "We got them (the casualties) off the field, and gave them plasma or morphine for their wounds."

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Mr. Ginsberg recalls many of his experiences as frightening. "When you're doing it, it's like anything else. After reflecting, you get sick to your stomach."

Although Mr. Ginsberg's duties called for him to rescue the wounded, it did not exclude him from possibly becoming one.

"We had just mounted an assault on the river and established an aide station. We stupidly put our Geneva Red Cross Flag on it. The next thing I knew,

an 88 hit near me. The shrapnel got my face and shoulder. When I came around I thought I was dead."

Despite his wounds, Mr. Ginsberg decided not to leave the outfit for fear that if he was not sent home he may have been reassigned.

"I'm a brave guy. I didn't want to go home."

Mr. Ginsberg is quite appropriate for citing his own bravery. An official Army notation, on a different occasion, did just the same when awarding him the Bronze Star Medal: "First Lieutenant Joseph A. Ginsberg... for heroic achievement in connection with military operations against the enemy, on 8, April 1945, in Germany.

"When three soldiers were seriously wounded by enemy artillery fire during, bridgehead operations.

First Lieutenant Ginsberg without thought for personal safety, rushed out into the exposed area and supervised the evacuation of casualties. When another barrage landed nearby a few minutes later, knocking down a stone wall and trapping an officer... Ginsberg again left his shelter, ignoring the falling shells, and assisting in extricating the officer from the debris. Throughout the entire action ...

Ginsberg displayed superior qualities of initiative and courage..."

Reflecting on this experience, Mr. Ginsberg is moved by it.

"It was not premeditated. I would not have done that if I had full mental capacity."

Despite all the ups and downs of his war experiences, Mr. Ginsberg is grateful for the opportunities he had.

"I wouldn't take $20,000 to redo it, but I wouldn't take $40,000 in experiences," he commented.

It is because of tWs pioneering spirit that Joe Ginsberg was able to make the history books, but it is because of his optimistic outlook that his page will never be lost.

World War II broke out 50 years ago

By Aroo Herzberg

(Copyright I9S9, Jtxriai Telegnpbic Agtncy, Inc.)

UNION, N.J.—It is difficult to remember what happened 50 years ago. The problen^ of the world, the imminent concerns of people, have changed. A ^ew generation has come up with a different approach to the demands of the day, with a different outlook, different int^erests and a new agenda.

The outbreak of World War II, 50 years ago, has been relegated to the history books.

But those who lived through it remember vividly and clearly the years of tension that preceded the first of September 1939, the constant changing, insolent demands of Adolf Hitler.

They remember the weak and meek response of politicians in the Western democracies, the illusion that America could keep out of the turmoil in Europe, the concerns we had as Jews to preserve our people and to continue living in an uncertain, if not hostile world.

Sept. 1,1939, was the logical result of years of appeasement and pretense. The Western democracies never grasped the danger Hitler posed to their values and to their world. They let him grab Austria and Czechoslovakia. i They would still cling to "Peace in our time," a document which that naive Englishman Neville Chamberlain brought home from days of negotiations, proudly showing Hitler's signature, not realizing that it was worth less than the paper it was written on.

For us Jews, Sept. I, 1939 is a day that confirmed the old adage that Jews will be victims of upheaval and war, that they are expendable, that their-l«te is of no concern to the great makers and •hakerA of this world.

Thia day was significant not only because it •bowed how little the Western democracies were prepared to cope militarily with the power, tactics and DMthoda of Nazi Germany: (or us Jews, it was UM end of all efforts to save our people from the fhit^'tuM of the nriost vicious criminals in history.

Emigration out of Germany slowed to a trickle on that day, and the physical extermination of Jews was brought a decisive stop closer.

I had always feared that the Germans woul(| teeort to ni^asuree beyond the imaginatk>n of a nor in if wa ke out; that they would

want to get rid of Jews so that they did not have to feed them.

When war did break out, the Germans were no longer concerned how the world would react to their behavior. The so-called civilized nations saw the cruelties the Nazis dealt out in Austria and Czechoslovakia, as in Vienna, where the Jews had to scrub the sidewalks with their bare hands. The Allies had signaled to them long ago, in the Conference of Evian and elsewhere, that they could do with the Jews what they pleased.

In this war, fate of the Jews was bound up with the advance of the German armies. First came Poland, with its millions of Jews; then France, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway; then Hungary, Yugoslavia and Greece, and finally, the Soviet Union. All of these brought more and more Jews under the rule of the Germans and invited even more stringent measures, culminating in extermination in the notorious death camps.

The round-up of Jews and their shipment to the death factories was organized and executed by the SS. But the rest of the German army was not averse to taking part in shootings and humiliation of Jews.

It was almost standard procedure. Right after the victorious German armies came the Gestapo with their files. In those files were the names of Jewiah liaaders and prominent persons who the Gestapo would round up in order to ship them to Auschwitz.

It bothers me up to this day that the Gestapo might have dsed my writings to compile a dossier of Jewish leaders in certain European countries.

Long before the war, the editor of a pronoinent Jewiah newspaper in Berlin had asked me to write a series of articlea about Jewish organizations ilmd Jewish leaders in other countries. The idea was to acquaint those German Jews who would go to those countrlea with the organixational set-up and the leading figures in their new aurroundings.

For personal reasons, I had to interrupt publication for a few Weeks. Adolf Eicfamann. the notorious Gestapo criminal in charge of Jewish Affairs, asked the editor when I would continue my scries.

The fact that he was interested in my artielss showed that the Gestapo was comj(iiling facts and •.,.... .•iU'iV,Vi»YiV,','>'.'.\W.''

" " <i »(f < M • f<i 111 • mi ri III II1111

figures to be used beyond the German borders. All I could do at that point was to stop writing about Jews in the countries bordering on Germany and concentrate instead on Jewish life in Australia and South American countries.

It is interesting to recaU now how Allied intelligence could have interpreted many events in the right manner if they had watched what the Nazis did to the Jews even before the war broke out.

When the Jews of the Baltic coast were evacuated, it was an indication that the Nazis were planning a move to the north, to Denmark and Norway. Similarly, before the war, when the Jews in areas bordering on Poland were shipped to other places, it was not hard to guess that a move against Poland was in the offing.

The Jews were expendable and their extermination continued at a rapid pace. The railway lines leading to Auschwitz were never bombed—the area was out of reach of American warplanes, the men in the War Department claimed. But these same men could order the Air Force to bomb factories five^miles from the concentration camp. Jewish leiAlers in this coimtry swaUowed it all. They did not want to hamper the war effort.

That September 1 brought countless tragedies, enough to fill the history books forever, enough to be cdled by Jews the begiiming of the end.

Since that day, the world around us changed and chan^ forever. Not only the maps of the world changed.

The moral climate in the world has never been the same. It is still influenced by the legacy the Nazis left. Their lies, their vidousness, their disregard for human life, their callousness and their cruelties have become imbedded in the daily fare we are served in our newapatters and on television.

There are wars going on without an end. Xhere is cheating and deceiving as a matter of course.'

SyiD^ls of stability and emotional attachment are swept away by politicians and by courts.

There is doubt in our hearts and questions on our nUnds. Fifty years have changed the world.

They have changed us. | Amo Henberg waa JTA bureau chief in Berlin in the 1930a.

A

Saptamber 29, 1989

Jawltti PuMS

Pag* 41

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Page 42

Jewish PreM

Sapttmber 29,1989

Isadore Lewis grew up loving entertainment

By Keri Saltzman Isadore (Izzy) Lewis, like the sun, has the waripth to make all around him feel at ease, welcome and most of all happy.

To make people smile, Mr. Lewis entered the entertainment business in 1942, his first year in the service. He admits he grew up loving entertainment, often roller skating from South Omaha to the Orpheum Theatre as young boy to see the stage shows. These shows set somewhat of a spark in him.

"I don't know, I just loved entertainment. I always wanted to do something with it."

What Mr. Lewis has done is a matter of record showing up in scrapbooks. Since his first show in Hobbes, N.M., he has been a busy man.

"I've done approximately 576 shows, all with no money involved. I've spent close to 3500 hours overall. A lot of it hasn't even been shown."

Mr. Lewis has produced nearly every show singlehandedly, explaining that a good variety show should involve singing, dancing and comedy. The performers are not paid, but Mr. Lewis demands and expects quality and talent, working with both local and national figures.

"Without the entertainers, I'm nothing," he said.

Although Mr. Lewis does the majority of his shows for Veterans' Homes or hospitals across Nebraska, he has also made use of his endeavors to help local

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Mr. Lewis' many years of community service have also made him active both locally and nationally in the Jewish War Veterans.

A member of the Epstein-Morgan Post, No. 260, Mr. Lewis was appointed to the National Action Committee in October 1988.

Spending time each year in Washington D.C, Mr. Lewis not only goes through the Congress and the Senate, but also visits with dignitaries about the needs of veterans, as well as current Israeli concerns.

Isadore Lewis and Johnny Carson organizations, recalling a show he held at the Orpheum to benefit the Nebraska Children's Homes Society, and one he held in Bellevue on a street comer to raise funds for a nearby swimming pool.

Organizing approximately 12-15 shows a year, Mr. Lewis has come into contact with many entertainers, but has no favorites.

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•

waU can't help themselves from staring at two pictures which feature Mr. Lewis and Johnny Carson.

"Johnny Carson and I opened up the Omaha VA hospital together," Mr. Lewis said. He continued, explaining the two have been friends for many years.

1988-89 BAR MITZVAH Michael Bailen Daniel Berchenko David Christensen Alex Cooper Daniel Friedman Eric Givner Matthew Goldberg Kristopher Goodman Daniel Horwich Jason Itkin David Kricsfeld Joshua Margolis Jeremy Nichols Benjamin Perlman Andrew Ruback Kevin Saylan Robert Shapiro Gary Shyken Jason Smith Steven Tomps Onie Tsabari Ilan Weiss Daniel Wigodsky BAT MITZVAH Heather Bailen Cari Biniamow Helen Bleicher Allison Boehm Lisa Boumstein Laura Breslow Abigail Coren Erin Ehrlich Anna Fishel Caren Friedman ,Beverly Gilinsky Sari Gilinsky Phyllis Glazer Leslie Golbitz Deborah Goldstein Judi Goldstein Elizabeth Goodman Julie Greenhill Rebecca Kubart Kimberly Lipshutz Berta Meyers Claire Passer Rebecca Perelman Sarah Rennard Silvia Hoffman Rosalie Saltzman Laura Senft Shifra Shrago Susan Shockman Ann Silverman Allison Skid Dana Zucker Hermene 2weiback

"They were aU friends. There was no one f^orite."

Chances are, however, that most individuals who are fortunate enough to get a glimpse of Mr. Lewis' den

One of Mr. Lewis' current projects involves the raising of funds to siend Post Commanders to Israel during either Christmas or Easter so that they will be able to understand the current situation first hand. The first trip, which left this past March, cost each of the 15 commanders approximately $1200, raised mostly by Federations. It is Mr. Lewis' hope that funds will be raised soon enabling Nebraska veterans to venture overseas as weU. Mr. Lewis' concern for the weU being of others has also earned him many well deserved awards, including the Heartland^Hero award, the Jefferson award and the highest national award given for dedication towards Veterans hospitals.

"I'm going to stay the same. I don't want to quit.

I love it."

Jerold Rosen found adventure at Saipan

By Keri Saltzman Movies usually contain two elements: a hero entering a new environment, and an adversary.

The environment varies with the type of movie: A science fiction film may be set in outer space, an educational film at a university and a teenage adventure on the beach.

There are, however, those adventures which are so unique viewers never forget the story. A motion picture on Jerold Rosen, endowment director of the Foundation of the Jewish Federation of Omaha,(if ever made) could indeed prompt such a reaction.

Born in Omaha, Mr. Rosen graduated from Central High School in 1943. Immediately following his high school career, Mr.Rosen remembers looking for an adventure.

ever, Mr. Rosen said he still caimot understand why, when the entire crew was fighting a common enemy, some members of the crew fought among themselves.

Mr. Rosen did fight, recalling Saipan, in June of 1944, his first time in combat as well as his first real taste of reality.

"The first time you go into combat, you realize it (the war) isn't fun and games," he commented.

Now that Mr. Rosen's adventurous days are confined to more limited pursuits, he looks to the movies for recreation rather than war stories.

Knowing that he would eventually be drafted for the war, he paid a visit to the Navy and recalls listening to the recruitment officer inform him of the wonderful skiing opportunities in Idaho, where he would shortly receive his basic training, offered.

With this, as well as a great sense of patriotism in mind, Mr. Rosen signed on with the Navy six days after becoming a Central alunmus.

As he boarded a train, which would be his home for the next three days and nights while on his way to basic training, he recalls bidding farewell to a proud father and a somewhat worried mother, who hated to see her youngest child leave home.

Mr. Rosen, however, was anxious, commenting that he believed the trip was, "going to be a great adventure," and remembering that he had no thoughts of not surviving. «

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At the conclusion of training and service school, he was assigned to the USS Cdifomia. Previous to hiq assignment, the USS California was sunk by a least two torpedoes in Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7,1941.

Thus, when Mr. Rosen arrived, the ship, which had ben towed from PaDd Harbor, was undergoing a complete renovatioif mcluding new guns and new electronic equipment.

In 1944, following the ship's overhaul, Mr. Rosen and the rest of the crew sailed for Pearl Harbor. He recalls entering Pearl Harbor vividly, as it was complete with bands, white uniforms and much patriotism, a tribute to the re-bom ship, However, not all of Mr.Rosen's experiences aboard I the ship were as jovial, as this was his first real taste of anti-Semitism.

"This was something different and i had to cooe with it," he said. One of only eight to 10 Jews in his division, he believes this small group was fraternally LJl- ZJMSMtS^^Jtim

Jerold Rosen (left) meets up with fellow OmaJuui Darwin Marcus somewhere In Manila during World War II.

Saptwnbtr 29, 1989

J«»toh PlMt

Pagt 43

Leg injury bothers Bill Chrlstensen

By Elizabeth Tape Bill Christensen served with the United States Armed forces during the War in Vietnam in an airborne troop. A serious leg injury still bothers him.

On his arrival in Vietnam's Cam Rahn Bay, he saw "the most incredible white sand beaches. The temperature was also incredible, 120 degrees, and the ground temperature was 140 degrees. Because of the sand bouncing the temperature back, you could not walk anywhere near the beach barefoot because it literally would bum your feet.

"I had always said there was no way in hell the army would get me to jump out of a perfectly good airplane. There was no way they could make me an airborne ranger. So they sent me to the lOlst Airborne which actually in retrospect was not bad. What that really meant is that you had a lot of helicopter support."

spot, stationary, which makes it a big, huge, open target for anybody else. So in retrospect, he md the right thing whether I thought so or not at the time."

He continued, "There's no rhyme or reason as to who gets wounded and who doesn't, and who gets killed and who doesn't and hopefully my son will never have to experience that—or anybody's son. I'm still someone who wants a strong defense biit I hope we never have to use it."

Day-toKlay life consisted of "walking out into the boonies for a week at a time and then coming back to the base camp for three or four days. We would re-supply and stand guard duties and then get back on the helicopters to go back out the boonies to walk the trails. Anybody we made contact with was considered an enemy, we were that far north. We weren't near any towns or villages.

"I was at a place called L.Z. Whip and the closest At Da Nang, Mr. Christensen was there for a minor thing was the jungle. We were on top of a big hill, Tet Offensive. "We got our weapons and had to sight looking over the Ho Chi Minh trail, where they were the weapons on the rifle range. bringing in all the supplies from North Vietnam, so "Suddenly, we were ovemm by a battalion shoot- there was never a time when we saw somebody we ing us and it quickly became very frightening. The weren't supposed to take aim and shoot at them. enemy actually attacked us while we were on the rifle "The best way I Can describe it that they were range." doing to us what we did to the British in our revoluHe spoke about the experience of jumping out of tion, lots of hit-and-run ambushes, no major battles a helicopter. "We were over what's called 'buffalo because they weren't set up to do that, they weren't grass,' which can grow from two inches deep to 20 in big enough groups and they didn't have the ammufeet deep and when you're over it, there's nothing in nition." relation to give you an idea of how deep it is, so if The uncertainty of attacks was tormenting. "They you're six feet above it you can be either 26 feet up would pick and nit and you never knew when they or six and a half feet up. The sergeant told me to were going to hit you and I found that to be probajump and I told him 'no,' so he pushed me out of the bly the most terrifying part of the whole thing," helicopter.

Mr. Christensen suffered a serious leg injury. "We "There are times that the military does things that had been hit in several fire-fights and we had killed are extremely harsh that in retrospect they have to a couple of Vietnamese, who were very good about »do. If you are depending upon somebody you have always coming back for their dead, so we put handto be able to depend on them and the problem with grenades under their bodies, then went a mile down my not jumping is that it keeps the helicopter in one the trail until we heard the hand grenade go off and

K

we would call for an air strike of artillery on those locations."

The enemy forces reacted. "From then on we got hit once or twice a day, every day for the next week.

It was like a war of attrition: we had one or two people get hurt eveiy day, and we may have killed one or two but we didn't necessarily see their dead.

"The day I got wounded, we were in an area where we had set up a company camp and we had everybody set up around in a circle. There was a stream and we sent some people down there, four or five at a time, to fiU up canteens. We were around this stream filling up our canteens and they ambushed us. I was the lucky one: out of the four or five down at the stream, I was the only one who wasn't killed, I was just wounded. Of course the people who were set up around us started firing and the Vietnamese ran away.

"After the fire-fight, I was able to walk back up to our company and I went back to Da Nang and was 'medivaced' from there to a hospital in Japan for approximately a month and then back to the United States. My ivound was severe enough that they couldn't send me back to combat but they deemed it as being not severe enough that they didn't medically discharge me."

Memories of his wound persist. "I can't take a shower without seeing a lasting impression. I only have half an ankle on one leg. I have a mark on my body that will always be there that wasn't there before I went to Vietnam. I can see it when I look at my hands, where I have some scars. But Vietnam scars are not necessarily on the outside."

Fighting in Vietnam has left him with considerable sorrow. "Do you know the expression, 'War is hell?,' " he asks. "Well, that doesn't come close enough to describing it. It's beyond heU. It's easier to call someone a 'gook' and kill them than to call them a person and kill them. Hopefully, no one will ever have to be that desensitized again."

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Page 44

Jewish PrcM

September 29, 1989

Ib©ffS^§ ©^@ wS©^

By Bert Lewis

All this talk about who did what "in the war" makes me go back, back, back too. What was going on at that time, in the 40's? Well, it depends on who answers that question.

I remember, like everyone else, what I was doing on the day Pearl Harbor was bombed. I was a high school student and no doubt messing around as I usually did on Sunday. The announcement didn't have great reality until I listened to the all day news reporting on the radio, and by the time I got to classes at Central High School next day, 1 was scared to death.

In truth, except for the ultimate rationing of such things as shoes, gasoline, meat, sugar and the like, I didn't have such a terrible time—at first. By the time r reached college and looking around it was hard to realize I was, in fact, at a coeducational institution. It looked more like a girl's school since the greatest segment of the population was absent; they were in various branches of the armed forces.

When I married my own serviceman in 1945, we had just a short time living on an army post and I must admit, I had a good time. I was very young, had few responsibilities, discovered early on what fun it was to be one of a very few civilian women around, (and with a closet full of clothes we still called a trousseau). As the war ended that year, so did "our" army career, so I 'm not a really good one to report on my experiences "in the war." But I'd like to tell you about another woman who could fill several pages with her experiences.

My Mom, who you know as Mary Wine, was one of those ladies who ordinarily wrote "housewife" where it said occupation. She was a wife, mother of - two, daughter, daughter-in-law, sister and volimteer in many areas. Now she did atlot of interesting activities during the war. Whether it was connected with the Jewish community or the community-at-large, she participated.

She worked for the Red Cross and she spent hours at the USO: she still remembers helping to make snacks for the fellows and being asked to fry some-

thing that in all her years of cooking, she had never cooked. You can probably guess what the unmentionable was and she still giggles when she remembers doing it. Not eating it, mind you, just frying it "for the boys."

She remembers doing "door-to-door" solicitation to sell bonds. (I must admit I thought her memory was playing tricks but I found the newspaper ads urging people to buy from just that kind of volunteer—the one who knocked at the door.)

Mary Wine was chairman of a group who sat at an assigned place in a downtown store, ready to sell bonds to anyone who came by and felt patriotic.

Different ladies were in all the stores, doing this same thing... maybe your Mom did it too.

My Mom was busy about that time with a fledgling sisterhood at Beth Hamedresh Hagodol Synagogue (for the uninitiated, that was the one on 18th and Hurt) and she remembers gathering a number of sewing machines, with a volunteer at each one, and organizing a sewing group for the war effort. They met at certain times and miade whatever was requested of them.

She remembers knitting caps and scarves and even gloves and mittens, which were sent away "to the boys." There were many activities which a willing volunteer could participate in, and as I listen to her remember them, I realize all it took was a desire to help. That was a time when everyone had a fervent patriotism, when all of us felt personally touched. We all had brothers or boyfriends or cousins in the service. In my Mother's case, it was an only son and I have the feeling that ^fae felt she was doing everything she could to get-him back home sooner.

"What did you do during the war. Mom?" Silly question. She did so much, so willingly, with such pride and satisfaction... I'm not sure I can accurately describe it. One part of her participation still stands out in her mind, after more than 40 years.

She sold so many dollars worth of bonds she was awarded special citations—letters with government seals and hand-printed parchment scrolls are found

when rummaging among old collections, long stored.

And in fact, she still carries in her billfold a small metal plate, embossed with her name and the numbers and value of bonds sold by her. I don't know whether she considers the plate a talisman or just good identification—maybe it's just sentiment. The fact is, she still carries it. And if you're curious, she can still tell you all about it.

She'll probably tell you how many times Jewish boys stationed here in Omaha graced her dining room table, and not just for holidays. Knowing my Mother as I do, 1 suspect when she entertained those kids, it was with the hope that some other mother someplace else would welcome my brother at her table.

As 1 look at it now," I feel differently than I must have then. Today, I can see the entire exercise from the standpoint of a parent and I realize how difficult it must have been for my Mother to see a strange boy in my brother's chair at the table set for yomtov. But we didn't know it, if it was tough for her.

It was just something else she did.

I've probably missed some of her activities. If so, I apologize. Mom. I've tried to be as faithful to fact as I coidd and I'll bet there are some who will remember doing some of those things with you. If so, maybe they'll get in touch and you can visit about them. If not, well, you already know what you did and don't need reminding.

This much I'm sure about. You can be very proud of your war efforts. You helped in every way you could, whether it was saving used grease, tin cans or whatever else was on the list or pounding the sidewalks going door-to-door. You did it aU. No wonder the United States Government awarded you citations!

Sam Berk of Lincoln served for five years in South and Central America.

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Stanley Passer served with the 278th Field Artillery

By Keri Saltzman Stanley Passer, drafted into the 278th Field Artillery in 1944, is fascinated by his war experiences.

One of several men to work the actual guns, move its position, and place the shells in the gun, Mr. Passer witnessed a wide variety of experiences, picking out several highlights from the official transcript of the History of the 278lh Field Artillery to share.

While in a small French town, Mr. Passer remembers a close encounter. The official transcript recorded the situation: "As we were moving on Dec. 11, 1945, the Germans found our position and bombed the heck out of us."

From a personal stand point, Mr. Passer recalls that one of his colleagues, Lieut. Robinson, left the tent a moment before, luckily, as "it made rags out of his bunk."

"1 heard a big explosion and my tent flew under and over me. 1 felt something wet in back of my neck.

I thought it had to be blood and if I didn't do something I would die. The bombing eased up. I dozed off from exhaustion. When 1 awoke, I saw the bomb had landed three or four feet from me. The slush and mud had landed on me. 1 was praying. 1 was lucky," Mr. Passer said.

Mr. Passer experienced further luck while in Colmar, France.

"On Feb. 12,1945, we and other units liberated Colmar," he said.

The transcript explained what action was taken:

In gratitude for the liberation of his dty, the mayor of Colmar authorized the wearing of the Arms of the City of Colmar by all who participated in the operation, including the 278th Field Artillery Battalion.

Another opportunity greeted Mr. Passer when he and two other men were called on to find a new house in April 1945 when the Command Post was moved.

"My captain chose me because he thought I could understand German. I understood enough to get by," Mr. Passer said.

He remembers traveling about one-half mile down the road to a farm town and picking out the best looking house. After asking the man who answered the door for the house, the man replied no because his son was a member of the SS. "We got his clothes and threw them out. He got up and left," Mr. Passer remarked.

A happy occasion came Mr. Passer's way on Aug. 1, 1945, on his way to the Pacific.

"I got a furlough and met my son (now Dr. Dennis Passer) for the first time." A few days later, Mr. Passer's plans were changed and he was notified to report to Fort Greg, N.C., for his remaining six months in the service.

"I'm sure I would have gone to the Pacific if Hiroshima was not bombed," Mr. Passer said.

Receiving a total of three battle stars, Mr. Passer, like servicemen everywhere, was happy to get home, "as there is no place like it."

Stanley Passer and hu son, now Dr. Dennis Passer, meet for the first time in 1945.

Leaves dental school

By Lynda Frank

HONEY CAKE Arisoaa 3Vi cups flour; dash of salt IH teaepoOM baking powder 1 teaapoon baking soda Vt teeapooB cinnamon Vi teaspoon nutmeg Vi teaspoon ground cloves Vt teaspoon ginger 4tggs y* cup sugar V4 cup vegetable oil 2aipeh(wey > Vi cup braved celfea IVi cttpe chopped nuta In a medium bowl combing flour and ail dry ingredient In a large bowl beat the eggs, gradualty Ofdding the auger. Beet iwttt tkkk aBolgkt in cotor.

Beat in oil. booey and coffee.

Stir in tbe fkiur mature and nuta. Oa 2-»-inck kwl Moeud tune vitk foil Pour mixture into the pane. q|ke k • a2MaKee oven for (0 nioulee, unkil ' and a tooU|Mck inanrted in I)M omlw ooBM 'dNPO. Cool on a rack \Mlon remwliig Iron the

Im-

Dr. Earl Wigodsky saw a different kind of action skates and broke his jaw in three places. I had the from most veterans. He was in the dentistry and oral job of putting him back together."

The doctor also said that after the war was over surgery area of the Air Corps.

Jh. Wigodsky actually entered the service while he they started getting young men from the backwoods was still in dental school. He was drafted in a special- of the South for basic training. "These boys not only ized training program where students continued to had never seen a dentist," he said, "1 don't think go to school but also drilled for military service. Diu-- they'd ever heard the word. 1 ve never in my Ufa seen ing school. Dr. Wigodsky was a private, but upon such horrible teeth as those boys had."

During that time, Dr. Wigodsky said there was 6ne graduation he was commissioned as 1st lieutenant and was a captain by the time he was discharged. man who didn't want any dental work done. The denFor most of this service time, Dr. Wigodsky was tist asked his CO what to do and was told to have stationed at Scott Field near St. Louis and, except the fellow sign a form stating that he refused dental for one incident, was fortunate his new bride was able treatment. Unfortunately, the word got around and to join him. The incident happened when his wife, everyone wanted to sign a form. "I couldn't let those newly-arrived and a volunteer in the transient mess, men go with mouths in horrible shape, so 1 asked my CO again, but this time he said it was my problem." had a general come in for a sandwich.

Dr. Wigodsky asked advice of a friend in the office Although he requested a ham sandwich, she was fhistered and proudly handed him an egg salad sand- of the Judge Advocate General who then gave him wich. "He was a gentleman," Dr. Wigodsky said, a plan. "I got the young moQ back again and told him 'and didn't say anything until he was finished. Then there were two MP's outside and I was going to give he told her about the mistake and asked about her him a direct order to get his dental work done and, if he refused, they'd arrest him and put him in the husband. ' "Upon hearing I was a dentist, he tokl her be hoped stockade."

The dentist gave the order, the man refused and I was more careful about teeth I was working on than was arrested and court martiakd. He was sentenced she was about sandwiches."

Once, on temporary duty in Greensboro, N.C., Dr. to 30 days in the stockade and also had to go to the Wigodsky was summoned to wire a fractured jaw. dental clinic every day for the dental work.

"The morning after the court martial" Dt. Wig"I was the only one there out of 20 or 25 dentiats odaky said, "there was a line to the dental c|inic two who'd ever done this." he aaid.

The patient, it turned out, was a young private blocks kmg; boys who had aigned tl^ form had from the north who had gone to a roUer rink and was changed their minds because they didn't want to go confronted by "Rednecks who took offenae at him to the etockade."

In 1946, a year after the war waa over. Dr. Wigodtalking to the kx:al girls. They beat him with roller sky received orders to go to Tokyo. "My wife was expecting our first chiM and I'd already served threeHONEY CAKE CHIFFON and-a-haU years, so I was reluctant to go," he said. lUhoie However, he followed orders and went to Hanoilton 3Vi cupe (lour FieU in CaUfomia for embarkation.

1 teeepoon baking aoda One of the first things be did there was go to the 1 teespooa baking powder * tranai«nt meea for hwdt "It waa the worst food and 1 teeapoan eock; dnaawon and gfound gieger that night for dinnwr it was the same hftover stuff Vi teaepoOa eack; ground aUepke and ground clovea on^ with hot dogs cut up in it. We aU complained," 4 egge. eeparatcd he said.

1 cap sugar "The war waa over and we were getting middle of V% cup vegetable oil the war overaeas ratwns." So th«y went to the rankIC ounces boaey ing mees officer who tbm went to the base com1 cup gbiget ale Coinbine flour and dry ingredienta and set aside.

The hasa OCBBMHKIV imMtihitalf iMmclied an inIn a large bowl with an electric mixer, beat together veetigatkn and lour meea sergeants and three ofthe egg yolks, sugar and oil until th>cken<|d. Beet in ficers were arreeted (or drawing the proper rations the booey. Add the (UHIT mixture aheroatefer with the and then selling them on the black market in San ginger ale about V* cup at a time.

Frandaco. "They'd made a fortuoa," aakl Pr. In anothar bowl beat the egg «bitee until stiff: fokl WigMUv. «ko noted that many foods were stIU into the batter. Pour ifito a well greoaed. Udttty acatce at the ttane. ikwred K^inch tube pan. Bake at 360 degree* iSbout Uwaa IwtHnata lor thadailtit the food situate M attetwunttt the ton ii ««l birowaed and a cake infrav«4 haB«ua* two d^ys «fie« h* Mtrivad. he was taatar fOMS out cfaan-lavefi on a rack; then invert vH^^vH^vv ^t9 ^w ^^9 ^^w^pnnp^v ^i^v ^^^B^^M ^^^^n^^B w ^p an0aiHv%4v lOa^ at one* on anothar rack to cool with the top of the ioataad of gong to Japan, he aliar«(l ki Califonua for cak*Hp> < gaaath and waa home in time for the birth of |||s

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Pag* 48

JtwWi Pr*M

8«ptainb«r 29, IMS

'Early up. Standing watch. Calisthenics. Push-ups ..

By Oliver Pollak 'he year was 1961. The place was ^os Angeles. I • was 17. The summer loomed ahead. College started in the Pall. I had always gone to summer school, but this time it was different.

Maybe it was adventure, maybe teenage rebellion.

I don't think it was any special patriotism. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was President. I had worked his campaign the previous Fall as a volunteer and they volunteered to pay me $10 to take people to the polls. Back then at 18 you could drink, drive, join the service, but not vote. I still have a three-by-four-foot poster of JFK. It seemed important that a Catholic could become President.

America was at peace abroad. The CIA's "monumental ineptitude" at the Bay of Pigs on April 17, 1961, was either little realized or understood. The Cuban missile crisis was a year in the future. My father said he would break my arms before he would see me volunteer for the service. His experience and memories of being in uniform were less than pleasant, but I think more important he wanted a better and safer future for me.

Boot camp was a weeding out process. Some could not hack it. They got in trouble, social misfits, or broke down mentally. Claustrophobia and even fear of water emerged. Discipline stressed individual and group preparedness. Infractions were managed by the Uniform Code of Military Justice and Captain's Mast.

Food left much to be desired. The milk was good.

One time through the mess line it was either liver or meat loaf. When my utensils struck "it" I recognized it for what it was—a brillo scouring pad.

There was space to be Jewish. The service provided miniature prayerbooks. On Shabbat, the USO provided, through the local Jewish community, bagels, lox and mUk, served outdoors in a park on the base, weather permitting.

First liberty in San Diego. Still identifiable as a recruit, despite wearing civvies, by the slow back growth of the hair, we streamed to the beach, burlesque shows, and non-Navy food. My parents visited and we stayed on attractive Half Moon Bay. Graduation. Visitors' Day. Parade in full dress uniform. El had become E2.

But, what can you do with an 18-year-old? Ideas, goals, int«re8ts and generations clash. My father willingly signed hi^consent when I enlisted in the Navy Reserve and mother had a bumper sticker, "I have a son in the Navy." The prospect of boot camp, one meeting a month, two weeks active duty a year, deferments, money for college, and a remote two years active duty—were not difficult to handle.

Neversail familiarized me with shipboard and a new language—starboard, port, stem, bow, amidships, overhead, bulkhead, deck and steering wheel, I enlisted on May 9,1961, and graduated from Dor- whoops, wheel. And of course, it's a ship not a boat, ^sey High School to the tune of "Pomp and Circum- a boat is something you sail; and line, not rope.

Then there were more esoteric words like chit, ditty stance" at the Greek Theater in Griffith park on June bag, dutybelt, piping and scuttlebutt.

16. Within five weeks I had enlisted, graduated from Field day, KP duty, clean the heads, swab the high school and was on a train headed for boot camp floors, oops, deck. Inspection. Creases neat, spit^where I endured from June 18 to August 31. shined shoes. Days end, lights out, exhaustion.

Head shaved clean, jokes about showers and soap, My battalion of about 60 men was composed of cough for the hernia check, every so often the sight whites, blacks, Hispanics and orientals. There were of a wave, Government issue boots, socks, under- Catholics, Protestants, and four Jews—myself, two wear, bell bottom trousers, and two styles of sailor from Fairfax High, and one from Des Moines, my hats. first contact with Midwestern Jewry.

There were no noticeable racial or religious tenEarly up. Standing watch. Calisthenics. Push-ups;pull-ups, jumping jacks, running laps around the drill sions. We were ill in this to survive.

For a while We were incommunicado. Could send field, affectionately called the "grinder." No low and receive mail, but no access to telephone. Postimpact aerobics here. And of course, interminable close order drills and the injunction, if it moves, age was still three cents. Mail call was a cherished time. I remember the first time the telephones were salute it. no longer off limits, standing in line to use the pay Education: Swim and survival school. Knots and phone at the end of the pier. Sailors were calling seamanship. Firefighting and damage control. Small Alaska and Mississippi. weapons training. Drill sergeants who were actually Entertainment consistef* of boxing smokers on the boatswains, (pronounced bosons mates). Endless weekend. The winner got {210 and the bser a steak hours on the "grinder" performing Manual of Arms. for his bruises. Then th';re was the canteen and the Tours of the U.S.S. PX.

Our Best Wishes for a Happy New Year

I eagerly started California State College at Los Angeles a few days later, car pooling with three other people in my not yet classic 1955 Chevrolet.

In my public speaking class I chose as my topic for my first three-minute speech, a Navy subject. It did not go over well with the professor or the class.

I do not regret enlisting. I got four years of draft deferments, at a time that the draft was active. I had just started my graduate program when I was called to two years active duty in 1965 in a major Vietnam callup. After serving my time, I got Veterans education benefits, went to UCLA and completed my master's and doctorate.

Looking back over almost 30 years, I search for the motivation. As a child I read Horatio Homblower stories by Cecil S. Forrester. Visions of Admiral Nelson and the Battle of Trafalgar were not unusual fpr an English-bom youngster, a limey. I had always been fascinated by big ships and naval films. We came to America in 1953 in the worki's fourth largest passenger ship, the S.S. Liberte.

My eldest son, Noah, graduated from Millard North High School this spring. He was 18. The armed fo^xes sent recruitment literature and a recruiter callM a couple of times. What in 1961 appeared as an opportunity, in 1989 was not.

What changed in the interim was due to education and consequent professionalism and a wider societal change in attitude toward the armed services and for eign policy. What an emigrant volunteered for, three decadee later, cynicism precludes from consideration.

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Saptambar 29, 19S9

Fred Kotok wrote about Buchenwald ... 'terrible sight'

By Keri Saltzman Although many men fought in World War II, few were able to view the most devastating brattle of all: the concentration camps, Fred Kotok was an exception.

Mr. Kotok entered the service on May 2,1944, and went overseas in the beginning of 1945. A Private First Class, Mr. Kotok was clerk for the regimental adjutant, 417th infantry regiment, and had the job of processing all recommendations for awards and decorations, maintaining casualty records and keeping files.

An article written about Mr. Kotok when he was awarded the Bronze Star Medal for service against the enemy in Luxembourg and Germany in 1945 is as follows: He initiated a plan for reporting casualties which reduced erroneous reporting to a minimum. He also was a member of each quartering and advice party, serving as interpreter stod guide ...

Although through his duties in the service Mr. Kotok saw many terrifying sights, none was more painful than Buchenwald Concentration Camp.

Entering the camp a short time after it was liberated, Mr. Kotok wrote the following in his war diary: 9 June 45.1 went along with Captain Benesford to Wiemer, Germany, and we dropped him off at the airstrip as he was flying to the Riviera, France, for eight days.

While on the way back, the jeep driver and myself decided we would like to see Buchenwald Concentration Camp. We drove eight miles out of our way to see it.

While there, I contacted a young Jewish boy, age 14, who had been there for five years, since he was

Receiving the Bronze Star Medal in 1945, Fred Kotok's commanding officer pins the award on him.

During a day Fred Kotok would never forget, he snapped this picture entering Buchenwald.

nine years old. His family had all been killed there-an^fae personally guided us thru the buildings and grounds of the horrid camp.

What a terr^le sight for human eyes and the brutality of the O^rmans is beyond description. This young kid had told us and showed us where he was

shot in the leg once and cut with a bayonet on his other leg. He also described...

Looking back on this experience today he simply states, "It was a terrible feeling." He further remembers giving the liberated prisoners oranges, but finds the ordeal difficult to discuss.

Nathan (Marcus joined the 'mean and nasty'

By Morris Maline "I want mean and nasty men.. .you gotta be over 6 feet and weigh more than 175 and you gotta be an s.o.b. to join this outfit," a riot squad specialist told a group of recruits.

Nathan (Nate) Marcus stepped forward.

He was 6'2", 198 pounds, and he figured he met the rest of the requirements.

"Joining this special outfit was a way to get out of tent city which by the way Walter Winchell described as a United States concentration camp."

Exactly where tent city was located was not immediately apparent to this writer as a discussion of former Air Force Sgt. Marcus' World War II career took flight.

From 1942-45, there was Jefferson Barracks, Leavenworth, Kan; Napier Field in Dalton, Ala.; Chanute Field, Champaign, 111.; and Burma and Guam.

He was in the Air Force and a specialist on Pratt and Whitney Wright Cyclone engines.

Bernard Weiss malces seder in OI(inawa

By Lynda Frank According to his wife, Bernard Weiss hasn't cooked in over 40 years. Maybe that's because he spent much of his time in the Navy cooking for his shipmates.

"These gilys would eat 10 to 12 pancakes for breakfast," Mr.Weiss said. He also had one fellow who licked the batter renmants out of the bowls of pastry mixes. "He licked them clean."

He also told of the time, in Okinawa, he made a Pesach seder. There was a fifth of wine on th6 table and he had two or three glasses, then finished what was left. "I never drank that much before and had a hangover the next morning. 1 didn't want to cook bu.t they said I still had to cook or be demoted." He cooked.

However, there were more perils on the ship than his cooking.

"We were part of a group of 200 ships which were supposed to go in op an invasion in Guam, when five Japanese came over and dropped a torpedo on the bow of our ship. Thirteen guys were killed on the bow and concusaimis killed two on the aft. One officer, a guy I fixed special meat for, didn't have his helmet on and bis head split open."

Mr. Weiss had been In the middle of the ship and ' slid all the way over but was fortunate enough to cakh the railing. "When I got up my lega.wesrabi^r

ing for about five minutes. They gave us whiskey from the other ships to calm our nerves."

Ironically, he recalled, if the torpedo had hit the ship next to them, 500 marines would have been killed. Even more fortunate, his ship, which fired rockets, didn't have the detonators loaded ^r the whole group of ships would have been gone.

"Another time," Mr. Weiss said, "We wore in a flotilla of 100 to 200 ships which shot down our own plane. One trigger-happy guy fired, then they all fired. We realized as it was coming down it was one of ours but it was too late. We searched but weren't able to find the guys in it."

What really stands out in Mr. Weiss' mind is how he almost found himself doing funeral duty instead of getting married.

He had gotten permission from the head officer and the invitations were all made. "Then they wanted to send me on funeral duty, delivering flags to the families at funerals. My wife (his then bride-to-be) wrote the President and the Secretary of the Navy and got me a two-week leave to come home and get married."

After that, he was transferred to Boston then cruiaed down through the Oreat'Lakes to the base in Chicago, wbsre his new wife Joined him. After 42 years, they are still to^iether, but she does the cooking.

"I've done everything to an aircraft, and at one time they asked me to stay in the service and be an instructor."

Meanwhile, back to tent city and the special riot squad.

"There were about 100 of us. We trained with knives, gims, night sticks and ice picks, but all this good stuff didn't last. They kicked me out of the unit because they found out I was 33. They wanted an age group of 1:9-24."

Mr. Marcus then went to mechanics school and later serviced AT6 fighter planes, P-388, B17s and B29s.

He kept up his skills by serving in the reserves for three years and ultimately was called to active duty to serve in Korea.

However, his wife's pregnancy came at the right time and the military saw fit to provide him with a discharge.

Sapiwnbar 29, 1M9

JtwWi Pr«M

51

Kevee Kirshenbaum swept mines in World War II and Korea He served on six different minesweepers iu the Philippines, Northern Borneo an^ in the waters close to Japan.

"Our minesweeping motto was 'where the fleet goes, we've been.' " Toward the end of the war, Mr. Kirshenbaum was headed toward Vladivostock to teach the Russians how to sweep mines.

"There was a secret agreement for the Russians to invade Japan, we were to train them and leave our minesweepers in their hands."

However, President Roosevelt died and the plan changed so the Russians came to Cold Bay, Alaska, a top-secret base at that time and underwent training.

As a matter of fact, this was not Mr. Kirshenbaum's first encounter with the Jewish Press.

In 1951, Leonard Boasbarg, then editor of thi? newspaper, wrote a story about Lieut. Kirshenbaum and the headline across three columns read: Kevee Kirshenbaum arrives in Korea, But Chinese Reds refuse to withdraw

By Morris Maline "Which war?

"What do you mean which war, how many were you in?"

"Two, World War 11 and Korea."

Thus, went the opening conversation this writer had with Kevee Kirshenbaum, a former Navy lieutenant who commanded minesweepers in both wars.

Mr. Kirshenbaum said the Korean War was a more serious conflict for him personally than World War IL "We came under fire, many of our sister ships were blovni up, and I lost many good friends."

His Naval career started Dec. 10, 1942, when he joined the V12 program, became an ensign and underwent small craft training in Tacoma, Wash.

"They were real nice guys and they learned quickly ... We had an interpreter and it was fuimy to go and see a movie with them ... I would laugh at something funny and they would laugh also—but 10 seconds later after the interpreter explained the joke."

In Koreiei, he took command of the USS Redhead and swept the waters around Inchon, the Korean Gulf and Korea Straits.

"Ours was the first ship to blow up magnetic mines and the fiirst to sweep at night... they really did a lousy job of laying mines... we captured their small boats from which they were laying the mines in a straight Une and we got some good information from them."

Mr. Kirshenbaum said minesweepers are 100 percent wood and they had to cope with moored mines, pressure types, acoustic mines and magnetic.

"We prayed a lot."

Edward Dolgoff helped move prisoners During World War II, Edward Dolgoff was the was hospitalized for two or three weeks, during which man who got left behind. time his unit had gone on to Fort Lewis. "When I finally was released and went to Washington, I He had been at Fort Leavenworth, working in the office, before he was transferred to the disciplinary missed my unit by a few hours. They'd already left section as guard. Toward the end of his time there, for Japan."

Mr. Dolgoff said he was relieved not to go "but I a new disciplinary barracks had opened in Green Haven, New York, and he helped transport 300 prison- had wanted to go overseas.'' He said he didn 't really ers there. "I was lucky to be one of the guards," he feel guilty because the European war had ended and said, but he added that the train trip took three days shortly after his unit arrived in Japan that war ended, too. and it was cold.

Mr. Dolgoff, who had been the second Jewish faAfter that duty he was transferred to Camp Clai- ther in Omaha to be drafted, spent the last year of bome in Louisiana for basic training, to be a com- his service duty as a clerk at Fort Lewis. It was also pany clerk, until they began to close Claibome. He comforting for his little family that he was in the was then attached to an engineers' unit which was States. He said his oklest daughter was three months going overseas after going to Fort Lewis, Wash. old when he was drafted, so he didn't get to know However, Mr. Dolgoff got sick with a sinus infec- her until he was discharged in March of 1946. By then tion and the infection went all through his body. He she was already three years old.

Justin Ross served in European theater My experiences in the European theater of war 1943-1946 April 1943, I received my greetings and was drafted into the army and assigned to the 17th Airborne Division at Camp Mackall, N.C. At the time, two airborne divisions were being activated—glider and paratroops. It was later changed and this was stsictly voluntary service.

We went through our basic and airborne training at thiis camp and t^en were sent to Camp Forest, Tenn., for field training and maneuvers.

The summer of 1944 we were on our way to England where we prepared for the next step—combat.

The latter part of Oec«mber the entire divioion (9000 troops) was flown across the English Channel to France where we were supposed rest after a 3 a.m, arrival. Not so, up at six and on our way by jeep and truck* to somewhere north.

We soon discovered this was going to be Belgium.

We had been selected to be used as ground troops to hiifi the 101st. AirtKKne biviaioo which bad been trapped at Bastogne. Pkuty of snow. Gormuns, bad weauMur and no air support.

Three weeks of pounding we withdrew with heavy kieeee to F^aooe for reolacementa and DraparatJon fnr • new venture

The new venture was an airborne drop two i behind German lines across the Rhine, in the north, where U.S. troops had been unable to cross. The entire division was dropped in gliders and parachutes in broad daylight. They were not supposed to know we were coming, but they did, unfortunately.

We fought in that area, in and around Essen, and the Ruhr pocket where the final fighting was on when the war ended.

The war was over, some went home, some with lesser overseas service (as our unit) went to Berlin, and totf many didn't make it.

We spent the balance of our time as occupation troops in Berhn, on guard duty and parading for ovary dignitaiy that came to town.

December we, were on our way home aboard the (jueen Mary along with 13,000 other GI's. We arrived on U.S. soil five days later and marched in the Victory Parade down Fifth Avenue, New York City.

Looking back, it aeems like 4 book) I read or a movie I may have seen. It's one of thoee eiperiencea, I suppose, we have all had in our livee that we wouldn't have missed but wouldn't take a mijUon to gp through it again- T knuw •uimurmu iipstairs was lo(w-

ing eftor mti.

d

Pag* 52

J«wi*h PrtM

S«pt«mb*r 29, 1SW

Dr. Milton Margolin inspected food

By Elizabeth Tap« Dr. Milton Margolin left his wife, three children and a nine-year mwlical practice to enter the United States Armed Forces on July 5, 1942, at Camp Chaffee, Ark. "Feb. 15, 1943, was the birthday of the Sixth Armored Division, so they had a big parade and show. I got a call from the chief medical officer about a report of some bulging cans of corned beef. 1 was acting as the division's food inspector so 1 started walking. I walked about 10 miles through 90 kitchens, squeezing cans of corned beef to see if they were spoiled and by the time I got back, all the good food was gone.

"When I first got to Camp Chaffee, I got my typhoid shot and then I was sick as a dog and somebody ordered us to go out on a maneuver up in the hills in black-out. 1 took my blankets and lay down on the ground and fell asleep. When I awakened, I was inches from the edge of a cliff. Fortunately, 1 hadn't rolled over durmg the night or it could have been a very unhappy situation.

"Eventually we went overseas, landing in Scotland, and went down by train through London to the Southern coast of England, near Southampton. We were there a couple months and nobody knew who we were or where vye were.

"One day a young officer drove up in a jeep. It was noon, so I said, 'Why don't you stay and have lunch • with us?,' so he did. And when we started talking, it turned out that I knew him and all his folks, he was an Omaha boy. We visited a while and that was the first time my family knew I was safe over there "The war was near-by. Our chateau was hit once. because he wrote his mother to tell her he met me It was up on a hill with a big stone wall, and there was a big hole where a shell went through. A. couple and to tell my family.

"We crossed the Chaimel and headed across France times, planes flew over Marseille. We got a star for Marseille. They found us a chateau, a little because we were in the zone of the Battle of the chateau on about 10 acres, where a Frenchman, his Bulge. We weren't hit ourselves but we were there. wife and daughter lived. We took over the chateau "The first couple of weeks we had good food. They where we were supposed to take care of any quarter- made me the mess officer because 1 had taken French master companies that were in the neighborhood.

20 years before in college and maybe I could remem"We hired about six French people who were paid ber a word or two ... so 1 talked to the French peoby the French government and they took care of us, ple and I said, 'Now I know you're good cooks. I'll they did the cleaning, the laundry and the cooking. get you the food, you fix it up and we'll all be a hit.'

They said, 'fine,' so these people cooked for us and tfje food was really good French-style cooking, but 1 had a bunch of Southern boys and they started complaining, 'They put garlic in everything, they put onions in everything... and I had to unteach them how to cook. 1 had to teach them how to throw the meat on the fire and burn it a little bit and then the boys were satisfied."

Dr. Margolin was stationed in Kitzingen when the war ended. There was another aspect of the town, though that he remembers. "Near where we were quartered was a long string of apartments that had been set up by Hitler's people to bring young girls in for the SS men to get them.

Dr. Margolin was sent to Nuremberg. With few exceptions, he found Nuremberg a destroyed city.

"Just here and there you'd see a little store or something that was still standing. When we got there the Palace of Justice where they held the big trials was one of the few things that was not blown up. They had orders not to touch that, but from the shock of all the bombs around there all the windows were broken. So they cleaned it up and replaced the windows and held the big Nuremberg Trials there. "

Rabbi Harry Jolt, of Miami Beach, formerly of Lincoln, was a captain in the Chaplaincy.

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Steven Seglin's law career sidetracked by Vietnam War

By Keri Soltzman After completing 19 years of education, most aspiring lawyers are anxious to begin their careers.

Steven Seglin, a partner with the Lincoln firm Crosby, Guenzel. Davis, Kessner and Kuestner, was no exception. His career, however, was sidetracked by the Vietnam War. Because of Mr. Seglin's ROTC involvement in col lege, he was required to serve two years in the army Rather than serving immediately after college, Mr Seglin took a deferment to attend law school, and. thus, committed himself to a four-year term in the United States Army s Judge Advocates General Corps.

Spending two-andone-half years in Maryland, one year in Vietnam and approximately six months in Kansas, Mr. Seglin's duties varied according to his location. At eact^post, however, he did use "some of the basic skills that every lawyer is taught."

While in Maryland, Mr. Seglin extended his legal ; knowledge to servicemen and to his post commander, much as a practicing lawyer would to a client. However, Mr. Seglin explained there was one difference.

"In the army you can only give advice. You can't sue people. • Continuing giving advice in Saigon, Mr. Seglin became a member of the Foreign Claims Commission.

Stationed only in foreign countries, the commission adjudicated and settled claims made by foreign nationals against the United States as a result of the negUgent or wrongful conduct of its military and civilian personnel "We were the only office in Vietnam that adjudicated these kinds of claims. We settled claims for the Army, the Air Force and the Marines," Mr. Seglin I ^aid.

I

••ii'^^^K Taken in 1970 while in Vietnam, Steven Seglin was a member of the Judge Advocates General Corps.

A senior captain in the Saigon office, Mr. Seglin said that "most claims were filed by Vietnamese."

'There were thousands of claims that had been filed, from fender benders to assault and rape." For each claim, Mr. Seglin explained, compensation was possible, with the exception of claims filed for damage as a result pf the war. Such damage was not payable under the Foreign Claims Act. During the war, Mr. Seglin did not welcome his experiences abroad. "It was an unpopular war. I didn't care to risk my Ufe. I didn't want to die over there," he said.

There is no doubt in Mr. Seglin's mind that Viet-

nam was most definitely a war, not a conflict.

"It was definitely a war. The normal population of Saigon was 200,000. When I was there, there were two million refugees living in the dty. There were people sleeping in the streets in squalor. The city reeked, " Mr. Seglin conunented.

Regretting his service 20 years ago, Mr. Seglin's personal views have changed just as the nation's have.

"The focus of attention in 1970 was on the merits of war. Twenty years later, the focus is on patri otiam."

Vietnam taught America that war has few merits.

Joe Franl( talces S.S. troops to Engiand

By Lynda Frank By the time Joe Frank was drafted in 1945, directly out of high school. World War II had ended except for the occupational troops. However, he did go over-

"We took S.S. troops, who were prisoners in New York, overseas. There were about 1,000 prisoners and 40 guards,' he said. "We were origin^y supposed to take them back to Germany but, on the way over, our orders were changed and we dropped them off in Liverpool, England."

They let the prisoners off the^hip 12 to 15 at a time and each group was guarded by six British soldiers, each carrymg a machine gun. Mr. Frank said he doesn't know what happened to the prisoners from that point because the Americans an the ship went r (p to Germany.

• 'In Germany. Mr. Frank was a finance officer in Nuietaberg "apd I knew tiie salaries of the Nuremberg judges because they were paid through our office, " which did the payroll for the 3rd Army dis-

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crict As a matter of fact, Mr. Frank got a pass to attend the trials 'but the day 1 got my pass they canceled all passes because they were going to give the verdict out that day."

Meanwhile, Mr. Frank was one of about 20 to 25 men stationed in a private home which had a swimming pool and maid service The house had been owned by a wealthy Nazi who owned an underground ammunition factory which was located across the street from the house.

"We had German frauleins cooking for us and making our beds. I never made a bed the whole time I was there," he said. "And we bad freah food all the time; always fresh eggs, never powdered, becauae we could trade cigarettes for eggs, fresh milk and other things." He said they also took their rations, such as flour and eggs, to a local German bakery and had the baker make them freah pastries.

After serving 18 months, Mr Frank returned to Omaha in January of 19-16

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Norman Hahn and his friend, Haroid 'Bae' Epstein

By Lynda Frank Former Omahan Norman Hahn received a SUver Star and a Purple Heart for his efforts during World War II. However, his recollections from the war deal with the efforts of an unsung hero.

Mr. Hahn was with the 26th infantry division of the 3rd Army in Metz, France, when the Battle of the Bulge occurred. His unit was sent to cut the bulge and rescue paratroopers.

As Mr Hahn and his commander were going down a path, the commander was hit. "I crawled to pull him back and was hit by a German with an automatic weapon ... the bullets bounced off my helmet but shattered the lining. It's a good thing he wasn't accurate or the bullets would've gone through."

Mr. Hahn, who had a concussion and was in a coma-like state, was flown to a hospital in Malveme near Birmingham, England.

When he arrived on a stretcher, the ward boy, Norman Lieberman, a Jew from Philadelphia, was checking the list of those being brought in and noticed Hahn was from Omaha. Ueberman went to the ward boy of another ward and asked if he knew Hahn.

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Omahan Harold "Bae" Epstein not only knew him, back to France. "Thank God it wasn't infantry they'd grown up together. again ... I had a gravy job there until 1 was sent Epstein told the doctor about hia friendship with home on points."

Hahn and the doctor assigned him to sit with Hahn Although Mr. Hahn moved to La Jolla, Calif., in every day for an hour. While Hahn lay in bed with 1973, he still keeps in touch with the man he credits no memory, his friend would talk about their good with saving his life. old days in AZA and time spent at the "J." "The doctor was smart enough to know the value of having Bae there and he speeded up my recovery," said Mr. Hahn.

Since Mr. Hahn's hands were shaky, Epstein also M*¥*¥¥»»¥»**»**»»*»»»#»*»,^*»^4 wrote the first letter home to Hahn's wife, Diane, after Hahn was wounded. Mr. Hahn was in the hospital for about 90 days and before he was released his friend also arranged for a weekend hirlough so the Leon Keller of Lincoln served with the J77 Infantry, two of them could go to London.

2nd Armored Division at the Battle of the Bulge.

"If it wasn't for Bae I'd still be sitting in England weaving baskets, which was the therapy they used for concussion patients. As far as I'm concerned, he was a Jew from Omaha who saved the Ufe of another ^•••••••••¥»*»**»»»T»¥»**#**»»»i Jew from Omaha" When he was released from the hospital, Mr. Hahn was classified for limited assignment and was sent

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Morton Soiref was a bombardier on a B-17 ^V

By LyDda Frank Mr. Soiref actually participated in 30 missions over ^^ "For extraordinary achievement while serving as Germany and France while with the 8th Air Force a bombardier of a B-17 airplane on 25 bombardment in England, including the first bombing mission to missions over enemy occupied Continental Europe. Berlin and, he said, "We made a bomb run on NorDisplaying great courage and skill. Lieutenant Soiref, mandy with(}tit realizing that's where the invasion fighting from his gun position has warded off many of Europe was going to be." enemy attacks..." Thus begins the certificate The schedule was a hectic one for Mr. Soiref, who which goes with the Distinguished Flying Cross once went on 11 missions in 14 days. According to medal awarded to Morton Soiref.

Mr. Soiref, who flew his first mission on Feb. 8 and his 30th one by mid-April, "They were putting up as many bombers as they could."

One advantage he had as part of bomb squadron was good food and, on the morning of a bombing run it was even better. On those morning they had real ham, real eggs, etc., instead of powdered eggs.

Mr. Soiref had entered the Air Force as a cadet with hopes of becoming a pilot but "everyone wanted to be a pilot," he said, "and they realized they had too many student pilots." So, the members of his class "were given a choice of becoming navigators or bombardiers. Fed up with taking classes, Mr. Soiref opted for bombardier school which was half as long as navigation school.

In August of 1943 he was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant and when he received his early discharge in May of 1945, he was a 1st Lieutenant.

While Mr. Soiref survived the war without physical injuries, his bombardier days were not without some close calls. "We had some close encounters and fighter attacks," he said. Mr. Soiref himself was a potential problem to his crew because "I would doze off while on a bombing run. The sun would be shining and I'd be sitting in the nose of the plane and I'd just doze off and they'd have to wake me up to drop the bombs."

One time, Mr. Soiref said, "There had been quite a bit of fighter attacks and also a lot of flak. One piece came through the nose and barely missed me." Then he heard the pilot calling the navigator to ask for the heading home and, when Mr. Soiref didn't hear a response, he turned to the navigator, who sat behind him. He saw the reason the navigator hadn't responded to the pilot; the piece of flak had cut the wire of his headset.

For emergencies, like the ones above could have been, where they might have to parachute out, Mr. Soiref said they were given some French money and a small picture of themselves in civilian clothes so they could get a passport.

An ironical note, Mr. Soiref said, is that the war started on his bu-thday, Dec. 7, and ended on his oldest son's birthday, Aug. 14, 1945. While he was away and knew his wife would hear about reports of a B-12 or B-17 being hit, he sent her little cables to let her know he was safe, such as "The weather is fine."

On his second mission, which was to France, they were hit with flak before they got to the target and their oxygen was knocked out. "We had to go back by ourselves," he said, "but, fortunately, there were clouds to hide in and somewhere over Germany we salvoed (dropped our bomb load) because we couldn't land with them."

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SaptwntMr 29. 1M9

JtwWi Pr*M

Pag* 17

Mike Levey was at Schofield when the war broke out

By Lt. Col. M., L. (Mike) Levey-retired Alexandria, Va., formerly of Omaha • When the U.S. was forced into WWII on 7 Dec. 1941, 1, then a first lieutenant, had been stationed at Schofield Barracks, Territory of Hawaii for some time. My wife, the former Henrietta Meyer of Omaha, had accompanied me. I was commanding officer of headquarters and headquarters battery, 8th Field

Artillery Battalion of the regular Army's 25th Division.

Schofield Barracks is only a few iniles from Pearl Harbor and Hickam Field where the main Japanese attack came. However, Schofield was strafed with machine gun fire and my unit took up a position on the south shore of the island of Oahu around Honolulu, and made ready to repel possible Japanese landings.

On 1 Feb 1942,1 was promoted to captain and in March a lone Japanese bomber dropped four 600 pound bombs near headquarters without too much damage. I kept a piece of the fragment ftx)m the bomb crater.

Henrietta was evacuated to the mainland with our two month old baby daughter, and in December after a sea voyage by way of the Fiji Islands, the division made a combat landing on Guadalcanal on which the Japanese still held strong positions.

The Japanese were driven from the island in February of 1943 and the rest of that year despite many bombing raids by Japanese aircraft, the campaign continued through New Georgia, Kolombangara and other islands in that area of the South Pacific. In April, I was promoted to major.

In 1944, the division was pulled out of action and sent to New Zealand to rest and recover from Dengue fever. Malaria and Jungle Rot. In March of 1944, the division went to New Caledonia, a French island in the South Pacific, to stage for the invasion of the Philippines.

However the War Department picked 10 artillery officers to fly back to the states to form and train additional battalions for duty in Europe. I was one of the 10.

1 helped train a new eight-inch Howitzer battalion which can fire a 200 pound shell over 10 miles and we sailed for Europe in December, 1944.

This battalion arrived in the English Channel the day the "Battle of the Bulge" started and the lead transport in the convoy was sunk by German submarines.

The battalion landed in Wales and joined with the XX Corps of Patton's Third Army in the fight across France and Germany, On VE Day, I was only one of two officers in the battalion who had seen service in the Pacific and I was asked to stay with the unit to take part in the invasion of Japan.

VJ Day came three months later and the war was over.

At Camp Shanks, New York, 1 was in charge of deactivating a battahon of the 103rd Division and from thefe went to Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., Ft. Sill, Okla., and then in 1949 to the 82nd Airborne Division at Ft. Bragg, N.C. After the Korean War broke out, I was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and then graduated from the Army Command and General Staff College before being assigned to the Joint Military Mission to Turkey for the next three years.

In 1954, assignment came to the Pentagon where 1 remained for five years before retiring in 1959 after 22 years of service.

Army decorations include the Bronze Star, two Battle Stars-Pacific Theater, two Battle-StarsEuropean Theater, Army Conmiendation ribbon, four Theater ribbons, German occilpation medal, WWII Victory Medal, National Defense Medal, Korean War Medal and Army Meritorious Service Medal.

*¥¥¥¥**¥*»»»¥»**»****»*#»*»»»*^ Jim Gordon of Lincoln received a leg injury Vietnam.

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Herbert Wintroub had to sell his grocery store fast

By Elizabeth Tape Herbert Wintroub served his nation during World War 11 for 27 months, both in Europe and the Far East. Prior to entering, he had to hurriedly sell his grocery store-and its many contents—in the Creighton University area.

Mr. Wintroub was already married at the time he entered the service at the age of 29. "We were married in 1937. Doris followed me a couple places when 1 was still stationed in the States before 1 went overseas. She worked in the War Department, once in the mail room and once in the ordinance department, once in the food warehouse and the food PX on one post."

Going overseas, "We rode from New York to Scotland on the QueenMary, which was at the time the largest ship afloat. It had 18,000 troops aboard. It ran so fast, about 32 knots, that they had no accompanying destroyers and no protection to sail with it because other boats couldn't keep up with it."

His service began in England, where he was stationed for a month before being sent across the Channel into Normandy, approximately 75 miles south of the Normandy invasion.

"We were on troop movements for about a month ia Southern France, in the Marseille area, and then on or about the first of July we were shipped to the Philippines."

Mr. Wintroub served in the general areas of the front lines. "I had taken medical training to be a medic in the field, to accompany the infantry, but it never came to that. 1 had also taken training initially in the cooks' and bakers' school and 1 was assigned r as a cook. 1 cooked in the field on mobile ovens."

Mr. Wintroub cites an incident that he continues to find disturbing. He recalls, "We had 425 troops

n

in our organization. Ten percent were to go on trucks immediately to be replacements for those killed and wounded around Bastogne. Forty-two men were pulled out without regard to their ability. Whatever section head had something against somebody—they called him a 'troublemaker' if they didn't like him— he went.

"We then boarded a general class ship, a 20-tonner, that put in at Bataan in the Philippines, close to Manila. By the time we got to the Philippines, we were informed that Japan had surrendered. "

In Japan, they served as occupation troops. 'We ran the 361st station hospital. They brought a bunch of troops up from New Guinea that had various diseases, tropical diseases. We took over a Japanese Navy hospital to treat American troops and some Australian troops.

"1 was made mess sergeant, in charge of three or four kitchens. One was for patients in the hospital, one for our troops and one for officers. They each had separate mess halls. " Mr. Wintroub witnessed effects of the atomic bomb. "Nagasaki and Hiroshima were so destroyed.

When we had permission to go into Hiroshima, there were only two buildings left—two buildings out of a city of a half million people. 1 took pictures of the devastation all around me."

He went on, "You were overwhelmed by the destruction. And also we saw the hundreds of thousands of civilians who lived in the surrounding cities with their burns from the flash of the explosion of the atomic bomb."

He remains disturbed to *his day. "1 probably couldn't live with it but since it was them or me, as long as it had to be somebody, something had to happen to keep a miUion American soldiers from being killed on Japanese beaches."

Upon his return from the Army, Mr. Wintroub recounts, "I bought another neighborhood grocery on Leavenworth Street and managed it Ux five or six years, then 1 began to invest in little real estate properties, rental properties and I managed properties for others.

"I gave up the grocery business and stayed with the real estate business and became a real estate broker for the last 10-12 years before I retired about six years ago."

Saul LibowskI Is still waiting for his 10 bucks

By Morris Maline If former sergeant Dave Protzel who was on the USS President Adams in 1945 reads this, let him be advised that his friend, former Sgt. Saul Libowski would like to re-establish contact.

"He still owes me the $10 I loaned him when we were on our way to the Philippines," Mr. Libowski said.

And he has the lOU to prove his claim.

The lOU is pasted in his scrapbook of World War 11 along with a Japanese battle flag, letters, photographs and highlights of the miUtary units he served with.

Included in the scrapbook is a photograph of the U.S.S. General Wilham Weigel, the ship that brought him back from the Pacific.

"This is the same ship that brought me to the United States from Germany in 1935," Mr. Libowski said, adding that he came as a 12-year-okl.

"At that time, a Jewish organization mad« it possible for the eldest child in a family to escape from Germ»Dy. 1 arrived in New York and was later sent to St. Louis " Most of his family perished in tJM Holocaust.

Mr. Libowski served as a high sp«ed code operator and he recalled a time in California when he was supposed to be sihipped to Germany.

'I got a sudden call and somehvw the Army made aw a citizen ... I guess they thought it important at that time." , In Mr. Libowski's scrapbo<^ kra travri'orders taking him to Jefferson Barracks in St. Louis and the IWH—PI

882nd artillery battalion at Camp Adair, Oregon.

His overseas activities are marked on a map of the Palau Islands, part of the Caroline Islands including Saipan and Angaur.

Several editions of the 81st Infantry Division's Wildcat pictorial supplement contain photos showing both the serious side of war and the more pleasant off-duty pursuits.

In the back of the book is a collection of V-mail letters in which Mr. Libowski wrote his sister, Betty, and commented on the crabs and rats in the foxholes as well as his desire for a Christmas present.

"You can send me a dehydrated mattress if you please. Everything else comes that way. If they could only dehydrate beer and wonaen—wow! "

5748-49 SONS Mr. and Mrs. John Arenson Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Behoont Dr. and Mrs. Jon Bleicher Mr. and Mrs. HowafA Bloom Mr. and Mrs. Kirk Bowers Mr. and Mrs. Jay Brzeziusk Mr. and Mrs. Doug Davidson Mr. and Mrs. Kobwt Egermayer Mr. and Mrs. Gary Epstain Mr. and Mrs. Bjon Fajfber Mr, a^ Mrs. AJodrew Fox Mr. aad Mrs. Rooald Frank Mr. and Mrs. Jamas Fried Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon GuUoar Dr. and Mrs. Rick Gilinsky Mr. and Mrs. Gary Hochman Mr. aad Mrs. David Jacobson Mr. and Mrs. Howard Kaplan Dr. aad Mrs. Larry M«)»aliiock Di(. and Mn. JMI Mtinick; Dr. and Mrs< Robart liteywaon Mr. aad Mrs. Howard Miala Dr. and Mrs. J«^ Parso^ Dr. aiid Mra. Jaffray PsoMC DK. tod Mra. Mark Pilby Mr. aiKi MM MMK VUfeUwr

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Mr. and MM. Kaa Mifcte Dr. aad Mba. Allan Morris Mr. aad Illra. Jaffray Polsky Dr. tad Mrs. Ira PtOuek Mv. wd Mr» Rkk Ma Mr. aad Mr*. JMI Rkb Mr. and Mra. Rkh«rd Satkin Mr. wd Mn. iBbiKrl Sawysr Mr. mA MM iMdWt ^tmaa Mv aadMr%JfaaSMOM( M».aBdMniMM«iaIXW«|f

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Ruth Levinson worked with the Red Cross

By Ruth Levinaon Three American Red Cross women in the capacity of social worker, program director and staff assistant had not completed twenty-four hours in our new assignment in Luxembourg City, when a local employee appeared at my desk asking if I were the Jewish person the staff. An elderly gentleman was at the front door asking.

Our club had not yet opened its doors. The Germans had just abandoned this building and we were readying it for our sokliers. An erect but quite old gentleman was escorted in; Alfred Lachmaim had come out of hiding to make friends with the new residents of this new club.

Alfred Lachmann was a barrister educated in South Africa, intermarried and making his home in Luxembourg. His wife had died during the war and friends had hidden him. We became fast friends and he enjoyed entertaining any of the men who came into the club, sent by me to his apartment. He would have his housekeeper, no family, serve tea from an ornate silver service, in beautiful china on Irish linen.

Needless to write, our young people enjoyed the conversation and homelike setting.

My overseas service in the A.R.C. to that time was over two years and I was being sent home on rotation leave. 1 left knowing that I'd probably never see Mr. Lachmaim again.

The war in the E.T.O. was nearing its end. This assumption turned out to be correct for after my leave in the U.S.A., I was assigned to teach in the A'.R.C. training unit at American University in Washington, D.C. After accompanying the last group of trainees across country to California, its embar kation port, I returned to Washington, D.C, to close the training unit. This was shortly after V.J. Day. Correspondence kept me in touch with Mr. Lachmann and I mailed him supplies difficult to find there until I was written that he needed nothing and was too elderly to get to the custom's office. My sister, Shirley Diamond Frank, an R.N., served in the E.T.O. also. We had met several times in England and France and continued writing after I returned home.

STERN, SWANSON

After V.E. Day, she wrote that her hospital was not being sent home for some time. I encouraged her to visit Mr. Lachmann. She did. She located a rabbi in the service from the Detroit area who was also waiting for home transportation and in a jeep they found Mr. Lachmann in Luxembourg.

HONEY CAKE Mr. Lachmann was the pwfect host and when leavWisconsin ing he said to Shirley, "1 want you to take something for Miss Ruth." He produced a large box of his deceased wife's jewels and she choose a little gold 1 teaspoon instant coffee dissolved b 1 cup boiling water watch initialed A. L. with an open face circled with two diamonds and two emeralds. Then he said, "But ''< cup vegetable oil you have nothing. " Shirley chose a gold ring with Vt cup sugar two diamonds and an opal. Then he turned to the rab- '/) cup honey bi and presented him with two tall brass candlesticks 3 eggs 1 teaspoon vanilla for his synagogue.

2 cups flour; pinch of salt Harry Levinson had returned to Omaha after three 1 tablespoon baking powder years of service in India. When we were married we '/t teaspoon baking soda had a cable from Mr. Lachmann which read, "Hearty 1 teaspoon cinnamon Congratulations Masel and Broche." My Mothw sent V4 teaspoon ground cloves a letter with an announcement of our marriage to •/{ cup chopped pecans which Mr. Lachmann responded. ''t cup white raisins; optional Luxembourg 16 June 1946 Dear Madam, In a large bowl, combine oil, sugar, honey, eggs and 1 received your kind letter of May 9th, yesterday vanilla. Beat with an electric mixer at low speed until and I have been interested by the newspaper clipping well blended. In another bowl, combine flour and dry announcing the betrothal of your daughter, Ruth, ingredients; add alternately with the cooled coffee to which 1 had the opportunity to meet here in the old the egg mixture. Beat at medium speed for 2 minutes. country. 1 also feel Uke an old friend of your daugh- Stir in pecans, and raisins if desked. ters and am proud of both of them. 1 sincerely hope Spoon into a lightly oiled and floured 10-inch tube that Miss Ruth shall find every happiness in her mar- pan. Bake in a 350-degree oven -10-46 minutes. Cool ried life and that Miss Shirley soon have the husband in pan on a wire rack 10 minutes. Remove from pan of her choice. and cool. Sprinkle with powdered sugar before Allow me, dear Madam, t£ congratulate you and serving. may our good God (five you a long time still to participate the good fate of your daughters. Please present them my best greetings.

Sincerely and respectfully yours, Alfred Lachmann Several months later our New Year greeting to him was returned with the stamp "Duede " on it.

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Sabbath Candlelighting for Friday, Sept. 29, 6:51 p.m.

Temple Israel ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept. 29 First Service, 6:30 p.m.

Second Service, 8:30 p.m.

Saturday, Sept. 30 Morning Service, 10 a.m.

Young Children's Service, 2-2:30 p.m.

Family Youth Service, 2:45-3:45 p.m.

CEMETERY MEMORIAL SERVICE Sunday, Oct. 1 Temple Israel Cemetery, 1 p.m.

SHABBAT SHUVA Friday, Oct. 6 Evening Service, 7:30 p.m.

YOM KIPPUR Sunday. Oct. 8 'First Service, 6:30 p.m.

Second Service, 8:30 p.m.

Monday, Oct. 9 Morning Service, 10 a.m.

Young Children's Service, 1:30-2 p.m.

Family Youth Service, 2:15-3 p.m. .\ftemoon Service, 3:15 p.m.

Yizkor Service, 4 p.m.

Neilah Service, 5 p.m.

ADULT EDUCATION Monday, Oct.'2 Introduction to Judaism, 7:30-10 p.m.

Thursday, Oct. 5 Adult Bar/Bat Mitzvah, 1:15-3 p.m.

Lincoln TIfereth Israel ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept. 29 KEyening Services, 6 p.m.

Saturday, Sept. 30 Sunday, Oct. 1 Morning Service, 8:30 a.m.

Junior Congregation, 11 a.m. ^Mincha. Maariv (Saturday only), 6:30 p.m.

SHABBAT SHUVAH Friday. Oct. 6 Evening Service, 8 p.tfl, SaturdajPri Oct. 7 Morning Service. 9:30 •.m.

YOM KIPPUR Soaday. Oct. 8 Kol Nidr«, 6 p.m.

Monday. Oct. 9 Morning Service including Yiskor. 9 a.m.

Jr. Congregation. 11 a.m.

Mincha. 4:30 p.m.

Neilah. 6 p.in. laariv. Havdalah. Tekiah. 7:15 p.m.

Beth El Synagogue

Holiday Candlelighting Times ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept. 29 Saturday, Sept. 30 Friday, Oct. 6 YOM KIPPUR Sunday, Oct. 8 ' SUKKOT Friday, Oct. 13 Saturday. Oct. 14 Friday, Oct. 20 Saturday, Oct. 21

6:51 p.m.

7:38 p.m.

6:40 p.m.

6:36 p.m.

6:28 7:15 6:18 7:05

p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m.

Beth Israel Synagogue ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept. 29 Evening Service, 6:45 p.m.

Saturday, Sept. 30 Sunday, Oct. 1 Shacharit Service, 7 a.m.

Torah Reading, 8:45 a.m.

Shofar (Sunday only), 9:15 a.m.

Musaf Service, 9:30 a.m.

Rabbi's Sermon, 11:30 a.m.

Tashlich (Sunday only), 4 p.m.

YOM KIPPUR Sunday evening, Oct. 8 Monday. Oct. 9 Kol Nidre, 6 p.m.

Rabbi's Sermon, 6:30 p.m.

Shacharit (Morning Service), 8:30 am.

Torah Reading, 11 a.m.

Rabbi's Sermon, 11:30 a.m.

Yiskor Service, noon Musaf Service. 12:30 p.m.

Mincha. 4 p.m.

Neilah, 5:30 p.m.

Maariv. 7:15 p.m.

The Shofar will be sounded and the Yom Kippur fast will end at 7:30 p.m.

ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept. 29 Evening Service, 8:15 p!m.

Saturday, Sept. 30 Morning service, 8:30 a.m.

Alternate Service, 9:45 a.m, Minha-Ma'ariv, 7 p.m.

Sunday, Oct. 1 Morning Service, 8:30 a.m.

Taahlich, 4 p.m.

Minha-Ma'ariv, 7:15 p.m.

SHABBAT SHUVAH Friday, Oct 6 Evening Service, 6 p.m.

Saturday, Oct. 7 Morning Service, 9:30 a.m.

Minha-Ma'ariv, 6:45 p.m.

MEMORIAL SERVICE Sunday, Oct. 8 Beth El Cemetery, 11 a.m.

YOM KIPPUR Sunday, Oct. 8 Kol Nidre. 6:30 p.m.

Sunday, Oct. 9 Morning Service, including Yiskor and Musaf, 8:30 a.m.

Alternate Service. 9:45 a.m.

Study Session jwith Rabbi Jules Harlow), approximately 2 p.m.

Recess, 3 p.m.

Minha-Ne'eila, 4:30 p.m.

Sounding of Shofar, approximately 7:15 p.m.

Blumkin Home FRIDAY: Evening service, 7 p.m.

SATURDAY Mormng service, 9 a.m. llie residents and staff of the Rooe Bhunkin Home invite the families, volupteers and friends of the residents to attend services in the Herbert Goldaten Chapel. Kiddush follows services on Shabbat

Lincoln B'nal Jeshurun ROSH HASHANAH Friday. Sept 29 Evening Service. 8 p.m.

Saturday, Sept. 30 Morning Service. 10 a.m.

Children's Service, t p.m.

Offutt Air Base ^ FRIDAY: Services in tbe;0kpehart Chapel every Friday at 8 p.ni. An Oneg Shabbat follows the service.

Council Bluffs B'nal Israel ROSH HASHANAH Friday, Sept 29 Evemng service, 7:30 pjn.

Satsrd«y. Sept 30 Morning Service, 9 aja Student Rabbi Sharon StieW wiO olfiaateL She wiO be asaiatad by Dr. Mitch Siefei and Marty Naren^ stone.

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A New Year message from Rabbi Isaac Nadoff Beth Israel Synagogat ing in this special way: I have a new appreciation for ' Miny are surprised to the miracles of modem medicine. God has granted liscover that rabbis, too, us an ability to search and to study and to discover et sick. remedies for that which afflicts us. We dont' stand There is somehow a nohelpless before the dark forces of nature. Science has tion prevelant among in its power to overcome such forces and to improve imany of us that rabbis are life and the quality of life.

I "too close to God" to sufIn the presence of all this we must stand in awe fer illness. It is beyond and in wonder. It is God's special gift to us. their comprehension that By definition, rabbi means teacher. It is clearly a rabbi can be subject to intended to convey the thought that there are no the same human afflicmagic qualities associated with the word rabbi. A tions as are others. In rabbi is merely a humble teacher who shares knowltheir mind he is in a category apart, performing very edge and information on what he believes to be the special tasks that exempt him from life's normal most important area of human life—the search for pains and sorrows. He is God's "special messenger" meaning and values in life's pursuits. to others.

While his task is of great importance, he remains Of course, not all people believe this way. Enough, only the equal of ail others. No special privilege however, do, that 1 dwell upon it. attaches to his calling.

1 have been laid up with cancer for more than three One day man will eradicate disease and change the months now. No one should be surprised that this quality of human life. Until then we will learn to could happen to me. The same mysterious forces that accept our portion without murmur or complaint and work in all other human bodies work on mine as well. will learn to give thanks to God for the many blessI have only to be grateful that despite my illness I ings that are bestowed upon us. am healing and regaining strength. No special staWe enter a new year with high hopes and great tus inheres in my recovery. I am simply one of the expectations. With each passing day these hopes and fortunate ones. expectations will lead to a better and happier new I choose to look upon my illness and upon my heal- year.

Jewish PfMS

81

pg^^^j pgyj orazen's New Year message Beth El Synagogue

We rarely spend enough time thinking before we make a decision. That is unfortunate because many decisions, even those we felt were insignificant, can have a major impact.

While that is disturbing, it is also rather refreshing.^ Isn't that part of the allure of a game of chess, attempting to determine the impact of the decision to move one piece?

One recent example of this far reaching impact of a decision was when the Supreme Court, at the end of their last session, protected the burning of an American flag as an expression of freedom of speech.

The tension has grown and grown as both sides of the question debate the wisdom of allowing such expression or, perh^>s, enacting some law to prohibit it.

Burning of our flag is an offensive action, even those who applaud the decision of the court think so.

But even though that is the case, it appears the Supreme Court was correct in its decision. The flag is just a symbol of the United States; it must not be confused with the substance that makes our counchange and, with God's help, I will change. Inertia, try great. false pride and pessimism thrust me into a rut. I feel This issue of the Jewish Press honors those who overwhelmed. My good intentions evqwrate but dur- fought for the United States. It is most appropriate ing the High Holyday season I renew my faith: I can. to consider what we would be willing to fight for change. today. We wodd be willing and ready to fight for our I do not mean to suggest that people can shape country should, God forbid, that become necessary. their lives as readily as a potter can transform clay. But have we been willing to, are we ready to, fight Human nature is not that flexible, According to tra- for our beliefs as well? dition, however, no life is so rigid that it cannot be Are we ready to stand up when a company, group improved by determined effort. Our ancestors gave or organization does something which is offensive to a name to that effort. They called it Teshuva.

Jews? Are we ready to defend both our belief and our Teshuva means "a return." On the High Holydays right to believe as we wish? Do we have the personal vte seek to return to the values and goals of Juda- commitment to Judaism, in all that it entails, and the ism. During this season we attempt to cut through willingness to stand up when wie need to? all the cynicism and disappointment that encumber There are many areas where that kind of strength our lives. We try to locate ourselves on the map of is needed. It's saying we don't want tests on Jewish life and ask ourselves are we traveling down the r^t holidays and graduations on Friday night. It's being road? Have we wandered away from where we want ready to tell an employer that we want time off for to go? Have we gotten lost?

Jewish holidays. It's not giving into pressure to celTeshuva is our tradition's confirmation of an ebrate, even in socalled non-religious ways, Christian astounding human truth. We can turn away from holidays. It's being ready to be different and doing past mistakes. We can change. it and being ready to learn why we are different.

Soul searching is painful. Still I believe that it is We have much that we might sacrifice for, if we worth facing the ugliness that was, in order to shape have to do so. What makes Ufe interesting for us is the beautiful that can be. trying to decide what it is that we would be ready This year I know that I must refuse to let yester- to fight for, to die for. It should not simply be a matday's errors break my back. Where 1 was dishonest, ter of symbols or symbolic activity. V^at we have I must turn to a new honesty. Where I have been to determine is what the substance of our beliefs are cruel, I must strive for a reconciliation. I must find and then work towards making them a real part of the courage to say "I am sorry." our lives.

Perhaps then I wiU feel, in the words of our tradition, a lev chadash v'ruach chadasha, a new heart and a new spirit. Perhaps then, the new year will become palpably "new. " I k)ve the High Holyday season because it energizes we with this spirit, I k>ve this time because it tells me I can start over again. I love it because it triggers in me the awesome power I poesess. I can change. Tomorrow can be better.

^ Rabbi Aryeh Azriel's High Holyday message Temple Israel The ability to change is the most valuable facet of our humanity. How ghastly it wouM be if all mistakes were irretrievable!

How dismal our lives [would be if we were loomed to repeat a wrong >ver and over again! How >ppressive it would be if a ie were to be forever preserved.

We are not condemned to repeat our mistakes. We can change. This truth astounds me anew every High Holyday season as I hear its powerful message. I can

Rabbi Ethan Seidel's New Year message Tifereth Israel Synagogue, Lincoln L'Shanah Tovah! You should have a good year!

Among the things that I like to think about during this month of Ehil are the implications of the coming year in its alphabetical form. This new year will be 5750 (remember, we leave out the thousands). One could vocalize this in two ways: "you should sharpen, whet" (from the word for "tooth") or "you should teach."

Interesting that these two meanings, sharpening and teaching, are so closely linked in Hebrew. In fact, in the first paragraph of the Sh'ma, both meanings seem to fuse into one idea: "vi'shinantam I'vanecha"—"you shaD teach them diligently to your chiklren," or aa in the new translation "Imivess them, upon your chiklren.'' I might even translate this: "Use them to sharpen your children."

So the alphabetical equivalent of this year reminds i me of one of the reasons that Torah study is so impor': tant. It's not just the contait of our tradition that ,1 enjoy learning, though that is great. It's also the : aharpoiing process, the conatant questioning that ' goeetkmg with Torah study that is good for the aouL Our traditioo is confusing becauae ufe ia confusing.

It's impoMtble U> understand our tnditioo in a compietaly logical way becauae that which our traditjoo ia trying to nndvatand, namely life, doesn't fit neatly into any logkal framework. Now oite codd easily ^ve up ttyiat to undantand hi*, given that a complete UBdUwfnding ia't poaaible. But that's not the Jawiab mgr. Wa stodty daq^te the difficultiee, becanaa evan tf we aevir fuUy cooprahiod, we kan ouTMlvaa aharp in theprocaaa. liMra's Boother reaaoo wa put such an emphaais <B stodly, and that raaaoo ia found alao in thia year's spailinc: codd abo maaa'You abouid change." We Jawa M that chaofa, (La repentance), is ao important, that wa begin each year thinUag about it And how can wa tmij dtaafi withoat tbuij-tbadj of ow own actfaoa eoaifainad with Btu4y of the advice eoirad oy oot tvadttiOBT I laava jron with om word and three rtwaninga: taarh. abarpai. change. TiMt aoonds bka a good praaoriptioQ for thia jraarl

Sharon Stelfel's holiday message B'aai larael, COWKU Biafia Rosh Hashanah 57601 marks new beginnings for both Congregation B'naij larael in Council Blufbi and myself, a student at} the Reconstructionist j Rabbinical College in Philadelphia Thiayaar. as 1 join Congregation B'nai I Israel as its spiritual] leader, I k>ok forward to. forming a RsooostnictiflD-1 Ist pnamca in the graatar Omaha mstropoUtaa area.

practices whUe being open to new interpretations and forms of religious expression. Our services are infused with meaning and relevance. We are a participatory community where indivkhials take part in ritual and educational activities.

All Jews are seen as full partners in the taak of reconstructing Judaism. Committed to the dsmocratixation of Jewiah life, we are pioneera in the realization of gender equality in the Jewiah community. We believe in a full participatory Jewiah community in which all mi^y share in the dfwiriwi '"fVi'ig pioceasTo make idormed decisions, however, we are committed to constant growth in Jewiah knowledge and

Rosh Haahsnah is the time of year for renewal. As Raeoaatructicoiam is an ^iproach to Judaism that we begin our new year, 1 invita those in ssareh of tnuMBiita the tradition of our people in renewed and qiiritual revitaUutioo to discovw Coogiegation laviUUsad form. We have a visica of Jewish life that B'nai Israel as s source for JewishlaoswaL You wiU attracta thoee in search of a serious and committed find the stabiUty of the tradition, akav with«i openapproach to libiral Judaism nass to new kisas and fresh spproachss to JudsJrtn, Rseoeatnictioaism oflm this congMnatioo cHojrilty Raconstnictionists obairve traditionsl Jewish and creativity.

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Beth Israel Synagogue President Vice Presidents

Richard Katzman.

Beth Israel Sisterhood Gary Parilman President Julee Katzman Cheryl Kricsfeld President Elect Susie Shyken Roy Levine Vice Presidents: Treasurer Marvin-Parilman Fundraising Maggie Gerber Recording Secretary Dr. Allan Morris Membership Bemice Cohen Margie Weiss Elected Board of Commiaflioners Donald Gerber, Alex Grossman, Melvin Katskee, ProgTa5i Dorothy Parilman Martin KaU, Barry Kricsfeld, Teddy Levine, Carol Synagogue Service Charlotte Kaplan Nathan, Leon Shrago, Susie Shyken Corresponding Secretaries Leah Siegel Ellen Albin Appointed Board of ConuniBsioners Bede Ostrow Shirley Berman, Bemice Crounse, Robert Eisenberg, Treasurer EUene Edelstein Lois Endelman, Beverly Franklin, Donald Gerber, Assistant Treasurer Lynne Saltzman Alei Grossman, Melvin Katskee, Martin Katz, Barry . Financial Secretaries Julie Durmaskin Kricsfeld, Gertrude Levey, Jack Levey, Roy Levine, Lillian Feldman Teddy Levine, Carol Nathan, Bede Ostrow, Lee Poli- Recording Secretary Bemice Crounse kov, Georgia Ann Steinberg, Irwin Schwartz, Leon Directors Cheryl Kricsfeld Shrago, Susie Shyken, Tibe Stoler A. Richard WeiPhyllis Schwartz her, Dave Wine, Aron Zeiderman, Norman Zevitz

Temple Israel President Vice Presidents

Jim Farber Jack Cohen Gerald Hoberman Jane Rips Secretary Ajon Farber Treasurer .

Scott Friedman Past President Mel Epstein Board of Trustees Ronal(fc Brodk*y» Spencer Brookstein, Dennis DePorte, Robyn Epstein, Jom Fellman, Robert Freeman, Norma Fried, Debbi Josephson, Todd Manvitz, Jon Meyers, Jerome Milder, Dr. lArry Roffman, Rosalie Saltzman, Hal Seiner, Noni Seiner, Stephen Simon, Jerry Slusky, Harriett Sperling, John Waldbaum, Donald Yale Temple Israel Sbterhood President Elect Debbi Josephson Vice Presidents: Executive Berta Meyers Wavs and Means Natha Waldbaum Membership and Program Marci Gallner Susie Romamk Kitchen Services Sandy Lowe Recording Secretary Judi Moore Corresponding Secretary Ricki Skog

Synagogue officers Beth El Synagogue Raymond Goldstein Sanford Friedman Cheryl Cooper Sherman Golbitz Nate Schwalb Secretary Bruce Friedlander Treasurer Ozzie Nogg Past President Board of Trustees Bobbie Epstein. Robert Epstein, Willis Epstein, Mary Felhnan, Hollie Fineman, Ed Fried, Sandi Fried, Darlene Golbitz, Bonnie Horwich, Justin Horwich, Michael Katzman, Lea Kay, Larry Kipperman, Forrest Kmtter, Allen Kurland, Gary Nachman, Bill Shackman, Bruce Shackman, Marty Shukert, Earl Siegel, Joye Wees, Stan Widman President Vice Presidents

Beth El Women's League

Treasurer Dues Secretaries

Jane Sawyer Debbie Friedman Phyllis Roffman Parliamentarian .

Jane Brooks Policy and By Laws Wanda Blotcky Temple Israel Men's Club President Dennis DePorte Vice President Todd Manvitz Treasurer Larry Josephson Board Members Gary Katelman Normand Roffman Past President Jeffrey Smedlund Regional Treasurer.

Andrew Fox Temple Israel Youth Group President Robyn Epstein Vice Preidents Tiffany Sherman Jenny Goldberg Treasurer Rikki Epstein Secretary Stacie Katelman Chaplain Sarah Krieger Past President — Keri Saltzman Calling Committee Chairman Mark Spizmaa Temple Liaison Andy Wigodsky Community Liaiaon Sam Passer Historian Amy Perhneter

President • Vice President Recording Secretary Corresponding Secretary Treasurer Financial Secretaries

Darlene Golbitz Judy Zucker Beth Leeds Sheryl Friedman Ruth Nogg Judy Josephson Donna Olesh Directors Rini Gonsher, Toby Kagan, Carol Parsow, Bev Rich, Sheila Rosen Beth El Men's Club President Stan Widman Treasurer Stephen Skid United Synagogue Youth President Bmce Shackman Vice Presidents: Progranuning Derek Altman Tikkun 01am Allison Kohll Religion, Education, Culture, Social Action Andy Altman Communication Karen Schwalb Senior Representative Gail Brodkey Junior Representative Andy Bessingtr Sophomore Representative Angel DePorte

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Bill Cohen:1t's amazing how you can be trained .

By Elizabeth Tape Bill Cohen served in the United States Armed Forces from 1943 through 1945 with the army infantry in the Pacific. After entering the service, at the age of 18, in March of 1943, Mr. Cohen was sent to Hawaii—at that time considered overseas—where he joined an infantry division and traveled to the Marshall Islands, back to Hawaii, then to Saipan, the New Hebrides, Okinawa, leshima and finally into Japan, after the two atomic bombs had been dropped.

His outfit saw a lot of combat. "In the Marshalls, we would capture a lot of islands ... you got on the island and you went until you captured the island, found the enemy and killed him. " How did it feel to be an 18-year-old facing such experiences?

"It's amazing how you can be trained and how you can grow to hate someone, especially when you know that if you're not going to kill them, they're going to kill you. Life is precious to most people and you're going to fight for it and whether it's in a combative , way or a result of illness, fighting to hang onto life.

I don't think it's any different so even though you're 18 or 19 you react and you're going to do it. The worst thing was having someone tire at you."

His outfit suffered many injuries and deaths. "We lost about half of our particular company ... in fact of our regiment, we lost half our force on Saipan and again on Okinawa."

Most of Mr. Cohen's family participated in the war effort. "My father was in Europe as a finance officer with the Army and my only brother was in the Navy.

My mother was home alone."

How are things different today?

"I've had a problem for a number of years with a lack of patnotisn^ in our country. It's (lard for me to imagine saying "my country is wrong so therefore I'm not going to fight for it' when I know that this country serves its people the best by far of any country I know about and it's hard for n^ to say that for

any reason I'm not going to fight for it. I don't understand this kind of attitude and that's what I try to tell my children."

Mr. Cohen was on leshima or Okinawa when the atomic bombs weiie dropped on Japan. He recalls, "I didn't believe what people were telling me. How could anything be that explosive, that big? Till we actually heard it on the radio, I didn't believe it. ' Although he did not see Hiroshima or Nagasaki, he did see the affect of the war on Tokyo. "It was destroyed from fire-bombing. Why was it okay to do fire-bombing but people criticize the dropping of the nuclear bomb. I don't think there was any other decision that Truman could have made. When you're fighting for your life, you'd better fight for it "

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Omaha's Jewish women answered the call from the Red Cross

By Edith Rogert veryone was asked repeatedly during the war to support the Red Cross Emergency Drive. Our Jewish women felt it was their moral and patriotic duty to help. The Red Cross had become a symbol of our country's war effort and Jewish women actively fostereid enrollment in the membership of the Red Cross.

In 1941, the women of Mrs. Morton Degen's Cir• cle had been meeting for 15 years, sewing industriously on whatever the Red Cross assigned to them.

They held the distinction of being the longest consecutive group to do so. Sewing by machine, these Temple women worked at Red Cross Headquarters.

Pictured from left are: Mrs. Loyal Cohn, Hazel Degan, Mrs. Garence Bergman, Jessie Goetz, Mrs. Max Chapman, Mrs. Morton Degan, the chairman, Mrs. Leon Weiss, Mrs. Fanny Kuh, Mrs.Leo Rosenthai, Mrs. Nate Mantel and Mrs. Henry Rosenthal.

Standing in rear: Mrs. L. H. Earhart, Mrs. Joseph Weinberg, Mrs. J. H. Weaver, and Mrs. Samuel Friedman.

When the Gray Ladies of the Red Cross was organized, seven National Council of Jewish Women members were part of the group. A Wednesday sewing group from Council brought in it's own sewing machine and used it at headquarters.

Under its banner, many Council members organized another group who met at Beth El, and before that, in members' homes for many years. That group was organized for hand sewing but turned to machines so they could produce more.

The women paid for the machines by donations every time they worked. A wide variety of articles was sewn, everything from baby quilts and nightgowns to womens' and girls' dresses to hospital garmoits. They gave up their Tuesdays from 10 am. 'till 4 p.m., bringing sandwiches for a quick lunch.

Junior Hadassah, Delta Sigma Tau, United Orthodox Congregation (UOC) Sisterhood also took up sewing. The newly formed B'nai B'rith Auxiliary now B'nai B'rith Women, received donations of sewing machines and actively sought more volunteers to man them.

Red Cross and emergency work viere also on the program of the Pioneer Women, now NA'AMAT ;I}SA, too, they also knitted sweaters and sewed every week. Sewing became a daily activity by Jewish women in one (»- another group. They met to work at hospitals, learning to be nurse's aides or took on whatever the Red Cross gave them to do.

Some members had the distinction of being~on the 3oard of Directors of the Red Cross or committees organizing yet other groups.

Many First Aid classes were started at the J.C.C. Triangular bandages and digital pressure points were becoming familiar words. Some women found work

p

Pictured from left are: Mrs. Loyal Cohn, Hazel Degan, Mrs. Clarence Bergman, Jessie Goetz, Mrs. Max Chapnum, Mrs. Morton Degan, the chainnan, Mrs. Leon Weiss, Mrs. Fanny Kuh, Mrs. Leo Ro-

at hospitals, learning to be nurses aides or took courses to learn the essentials for Air Raid Wardens which would qualify them for important blackout duty.

Speakers from the Red Cross became accepted programs for the organizations pointing out the history and aims of the Red Cross. Our local clubs accommodated the Red Cross by manning the downtown theaters to accept contributions for the War Drive.

Literally every organization in Omaha rolled bandages once a week at the Union Pacific headquarters or performed other duties. Required dress was an inexpensive white uniform, a white gauze or voile headcovering and no nail polish.

It became customary to close meetings with a collection for the Red Cross Canteen at t^e Burlington Raikoad Station. Many women donated blood regularly under the voluntary program. Magazines, scrapbpoks and packages containing items from the States were sent abroad.

After three-and-a-half years of intense activity the Douglas County Chapter of the American Red Cross finished its quota of surgical dressings and dosed its

senthal, Mrs. Nate Mantel and Mrs. Henry Rosenthai. Standing in rear Mrs. L. H. Earhart, Mrs. Joseph Weinberg, Mrs. J. H. Weaver and Mrs. Samuel Friedman.

workrooms at the Union Pacific Headquai^rs. The administrator lauded the women volunteers of this county and reported that 12,000 volunteers had worked on the project since its establishment in the spring of 1941. Douglas County alone contributed 3,500,000 bandages which represented 543,900 hours of work.

During World War II, the Red Cross became an inseparable part of the conflict both on the battlefield and on the homefront. It offered information on War Prisoners to relatives and friends who were provided with the most recent and accurate developDoents concerning prison camp conditions and relief measures. It collected millions of pints of blood for the plasma banks and mobilized nurses for Army and Navy service. Under their supervision, millions more completed First Aid courses. It provided millions of bandages and garments to soldiers and refugees of the war-torn world.

Looking back on this most proud achievement, the Omaha Jewish Community is honored by our patriotic and industrious women who came to the aid of the Red Cross in their fine effort.

Emanuel WIshnow played with the Glenn Miller Air Force Band

Editor's note: Sergeant Wishaow was cited for meritorions service while asdgaed to the Major Gleoa MiU« Army Ak Force Band and waa OM of the last members of

the orchestra to see Miller before he left on the flight from England to France daring whkh his plane disappeared over the Channel

I' ve put together a few items for your vet«rans file.

I've written a wwd or two on back of each photograph. My earnest request—please return the photos—they're my only copy and some, like the one with Jaacha Heifetz taken in Germany at Bad Wildungen, and one of Mickey Roooey wlu> was also there to entertain General Konov of the Ruasian Army who along witjh our band were there at the request of Omar Bradley. (Theae are one of a kind.)

Glenn Miller was very cordial to me, since we were former neigfabors (he from Colorado and I from Nebraska). When I first got to Yale University, where the Band was stationed at that time (1944) he asked me if I'd miod playing viola since he knew I was a violinist.

I saui no, I didn't mind a* he wanted to have a quartet of vk>las in oitf 21-string complement. I told him that I was wUhng to switch but had no instrument. He sakl he'd get me one from G.I. stores until I eodd replace it with a bettar one. This I did-a notad viahn dealer—and an old friend, Koineth Warren loaned me a viola which I played and thankfully brought back whin I was demobilized in 1946.

Wa parlonned in all sorts of trying and even fearful occaaiqni in England. France, Austria and Germany and Joat in 1986 some of the men cam* to a reunion at Wright-Patterson Air Base in Ohio at which time we ware presented with the Air Force CommandatioB Medal with adtnowladgment of General Jamsa Doolittla.

Mr. WUuww (right, middle row)

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Harvey Cooper recalls his first day in Vietnam

By Mary Fellman

In February 1969, at the age of 21, he became a second lieutenant in the Air Force starting a fourFrom Bien-Hoa Vietnam, "It's only 9,871 miles to year trek that eventually brought him to Omaha.

Maschio Restaurant, Lyndhurst, New Jersey," read He enlisted because he beUeved that "people the sign Harvey Cooper saw his first day in Vietnam. should serve. It's the price of our ticket for being Add another 60 miles and you are in Philadelphia, here."

Mr. Cooper's hometown before enlisting in the Air After he completed his service years, he planned Force following his graduation from Temple Univerto go to law school in Philadelphia, but after four sity in Philadelphia. years in the Air Force he attended and was graduated from Creighton Law School.

After more than a year of training in flight operation, air and photo intelligence at WiUiams AFB, Arizona and Lowry AFB, Colorado, he was stationed at Shaw AFB, South Carolina as an intelligence officer in a photo reconnaissance squadron. After being promoted to first lieutenant, he was transferred to Vietnam.

There.he was director of intelligence at III DASC near Bien-Hoa AFB. A DASC, or direct air support center, is a command post similar to the command post at SAC Headquarters, but on a smaller scale, and is combined with an army tactical operations center.

Here, Lt. Cooper was responsible for all tactical air intelligence in the III Corps Military Region of Vietnam and Cambodia including intelligence coUection and analysis, targeting and daily briefings of the U.S. and Vietnamese army chiefs of staff.

While Mr. Cooper cannot disclose details of his intelligence work in the Air Force, he is outspoken about the great tragedy that befell Cambodia and its people in the civil war that the Cambodian people found themselves in as a result, he said, of NixQn's expansion of the war to Cambodia.

He speaks with sadness about seeing "body bags stacked like cords of wood,'' of losing American, Cambodian and Vietnamese friends he worked with and of targeting hundreds of air strikes to destroy American equipment supplied to the South Vietnamese but abandoned in eastern Cambodia and near An Loc in Vietnam when the North Vietnamese started their major counter thrust in August 1971, which eventually led to the end of the war.

One of his most pleasant memories is of Holiday services with Rabbi Fred Wenger, an Army chaplain he had met while stationed in South Carolina and again met in Vietnam.

Upon coming to Omaha, Mr. Cooper discovered that Chaplain Wenger and Rabbi Barry Weinstein, formerly of Temple Israel, had been classmates at Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati.

One of his responsibilities was occasionally to take visiting American dignitaries through the Koa Dai Temples outside Tay Ninh, one of the major religions in Southeast Asia. These temples, similar in scope to the Vatican, have been featured in National Geographic magazine.

Here he meA^Rose Friedman, whom he married.

They are the parents of Jennifer, he is a partner in the law firm of Abrahams, Kaslow & Cassman, and he has been chairman of several major committees of the Jewish Federation of Omaha as well as a board member.

After a year and a day in Vietnam, and now Captain Cooper, he was transferred to Offutt Air Base where he spent his last 14 months in the Air Force as a senior strategic intelligence analyst with the 544th Aerospace Technical Reconnaissance Wing He traveled throughout III Corps from Saigon to attached to Headquarters SAC. the Cambodian border, but mostly was in Bien-Hoa "The best part of that assignment was that I was and Tay Ninh supervising forward air control intelligence operations in III Corps and neighboring Cam- able to live in Omaha where there were no rocket bodia. He worked closely with both Vietnamese and attacks, the cars had doors and you could drink the water."

Cambodian personnel.

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Pag* 70

Jewish Pr*M

SapUmber 29, 1989

Elie Wiesel on Rosh Hashanah ByEUeWie«el move around it. The nuns would do well to leave.

Editor's Note: They recite prayers there, well and good. But why This article was translated from the French by have they chose this place in which to pray?

Ann Stiller.

Because it is the bearer of a symbol. But, for the Elie Wiesel, 1986 Nobel Peace Laureate, is a university professor at Boston University. This article was . Jews too, this place embodies a symbol, as is the made possible by a grant from The Fund for Jour- cross, and the symbol is not the same for Christians nalism on Jewish Life, a project of The CRB Foun- and for us.

If the nuns want to pray for the souls of the killers, dation of Montreal, Canada. Any views expressed are who after all were Christians—even though bad solely those of the author.

Christians—that's their business. If they want to Everyone knows what Rosh Hashanah signified in pray for the souls of non-Jews assssinated at Auschthe past and signifies still in our own time: an effort, witz, that's their business too. But to say Christian an attempt at introspection. To take stock of the year prayers for the souls of the Jews who were amotig that has just passed. On the day of Rosh Hashanah, the most pious of Europe, well no: many Jews cried the Jew is alone with his soul, alone with God whose out at the scandal if not the obscenity.

As for the cross: a symbol of compassion and judgment can be discerned with the soul's eyes.

Let's look at the past year. The traces it has left mercy to Christians, it evokes terror and suffering are of blood and ashes. They are still fighting in to Jews. That Jews resent having its shado\y over Afghanistan. Beirut has not completed its suicide. invisible Jewish graves ought to be comprehensible.

China has once again become a prison. Drugs are How can one explain this insensitivity on the part ravaging the youth; terrorism continues to ridicule of the good sisters? Couldn't they choose another world leaders: one must look hard to discover some place?

Since God is God, isn't He the same everywhere? real and lasting sparks of hope.

In our own Jewish world, the situation also leaves What some of us resent most is the no-win situaa lot to be desired. Most certainly, we have recorded tion that has been forced upon us. Imagine the telesuccesses if not victories in important areas. The con- vision cameras showing the Carmelites leaving the dition of Russian Jews has improved. Israel is some- convent. Wouldn't people say or think: "Poor nuns, being thrown out by Jews... and for what less attacked in the media. The anti-Israeli leftists remain a small minority that hasn't succeeded what? For praying?"

The nuns are destroying Jewish-Catholic relations in seriously affecting the community.

We would, however, be wrong to rejoice too much. and they know it. Several cardinals and priests, and In general, anti-Semitism hasn't stopped; in fact it other dignitaries of the church have tried to intervene. The good part of this unnecessary incident was has increased.

But most Worrisome is the deterioration of our rela- that we became aware of their deep commitment to tionship with the Catholic Church. Ecumenicism, Jewish-Catholic relations. They are our friends. begun by the revered John XXIII, is no longer what They deserve our confidence, and I would even say it used to be. What has happened to the great they deserve our esteem and support. Several of them spiritual message of John XXIII? Despite the efforts told me, not later than July, that Cardinal Maharsky of our Christian friends, the wind that blows from of Cracow had promised them a rapid settlement of the Vatican is not favorable to a rapprochement and the dispute. But, to read his recent declaration, it is certainly not to harmony. clear that he misled them.

First of all, we stumble against the Carmelite copThe convent will not be moved and the Geneva vent of Auschwitz. Unfortunately it is impossible to accord is void, declared Cardinal Maharsky. For what

HAPPY NEW YEAR

reason? Because the Jews had shouted too loudly?

I confess that I consider the argument of the Cardinal of Cracow an insult to Jewish honor.

Bad faith is apparently contagious. The words of Cardinal Maharsky found an echo in those of the Primate of Poland, Joseph Cardinal Glemp. Except that the latter, pushing the insult still furth.er, took the liberty of expressing himself like an anti-Semite. He accuses them of stirring up anti-Polish sentiments in the media that, of course, they control. He goes so far as to insinuate that some American Jews who tried to enter the convent to voice their protests, wanted to attack or kill the nuns.

One can wonder, why doesn't the Pope, supreme head of all Catholics, intervene in the debate? Why does he keep silent? Pardon: he doesn't keep silent.

He has expressed himself. Not directly on the subject of the convent but on something else.

What he said is perhaps more meaningful than the utterances of Cardinal Glemp. On. the evening of Tisha B'Av, which is for us a day pf commemoration and faith, Pope John Paul 11, in a homily, spoke of the people of Israel and reproached them for having chosen infidelity toward God. God, according to the Pope, would have broken his covenant with the Jewish people because they had sinned. This is why he sent prophets to convert them.

And so God would have concluded a new covenant with the Christians. In other words: let the Jews convert and they will please God and the Pope.

How do we repress or even hide our indignation?

In truth, it seems to me that it is the Pope who has problems with us, just as we have problems with him.

Sometimes he gives the impression of wanting to provoke us. Examples? Waldheim's visits, the mass at Auschwitz, the non-recognition of Israel, the meeting with Yassir Arafat.

But, then, you will ask me, why does he receive so many Jewish delegations? And why did he go to the (Continued on Page 74)

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Lloyd Friedman had 'apprehensions' lines ... and we never saw him again," Mr. Friedman stated. He explained that St. Lo was devastating because it was impossible to see the Germans in the hedgerows.

By Keri SalUman 1 wondered what it would be like to have someone fire at you, getting wounded, getting killed. " ' Lloyd Friedman basically considers himself a coward, recalling the "great apprehensions" he had before entering actual combat in July 1944, 30 days after "D ' day.

Mr. Friedman, a member of the ROTC at UNL, was originally called to duty in Dec. 1940. He spent his first four years of service in the states defending and patroUing various areas, such as the West coast, and training for actual combat at places such as Camp Uucker in Alabama and Camp Butner in Raleigh, N.C.

"What was most tragic was that you would see friends and people you knew killed. There were 2500 men killed in the first 100 days," Mr. Friedman explained.

In addition to this battle, Mr. Friedman fought in four others, receiving.a total of five battlestars, the combat infantryman's badge and various other decorations. However, because of his position he was never forced to pull the trigger, only dodge the artillery. Mr. Friedman, also, was never able to see or liberate any concentration camps, something he very mucii would have liked to have done.

Following local training, Mr. Friedman and the other members of the 137th Infantry, ventured over to Bodmon, England, for last minute training before landing on Omaha Beach.

"I was lucky to stay alive," he said.

Very much alive today, Mr. Friedman admits that he never discusses his war days much although he finds his experiences hard to forget.

The first of many battles Mr. Friedman saw as an Assistant Regimental Commander, and recalls vividly, was the battle of St. Lo in Normandy.

A grandfather and successful businessman, Mr. Friedman doesn't attend the division reunions and never felt it was an honor to serve the country.

"Everybody was a little apprehensive," Mr. Friedman said. As it turned out, many of his previous concerns came true within a very short time at St. Lo.

"I wanted to get out of the army. You regret the war. It was a job ... and someone had to do it."

"The Regimental Commander went to the front

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For a sweet year

By Naomi Arbit (Copyright 1989, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.) FOX POINT, Wis. - "May it be a good, sweet year," is the theme of Rosh Hashanah.

Each Jewish holiday has its own characteristics and its own traditional foods. They are important because of what they symbolize. Honey symbolizes the wish that tomorrow's life will be sweeter. The Rosh Hashanah dinner, therefore, starts and ends with sweet foods.

The traditional Sabbath bread, Challah, baked in a round shape, is blessed, sliced and served with slices of apple. Both are then dipped in honey and eaten.

Salad dressings, fowl and vegetables prepared with honey are often served, but the dessert is traditionally honey cake. Every family seems to have a honey cake recipe handed down from a grandmother, mother or aunt. The following recipes are those gathered from various parts of the country for you to try. One of them may be the one you will add to your recipe file.

HONEY CAKE Michigan 4 eggs V/t cups sugar , '/: cup vegetable oil 1'/] cups honey 1 teaspoon vanilla 3Vt cups flour; dash of«8alt 1 teaspoon baking powder 1 teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon cinnamon V/i teaspoon instant coffee in 11/2 cups boiling water ' V* cup raisins Vi cup chopped walnuts In a large mixing bowl, mix eggs and sugar together well. Add the oil, honey and vanilla.

In another bowl, combine the flour, salt, baking powder, baking soda and cinnamon. Alternately add the flour mixture and cooled coffee to the egg mixture. Add the raisins and nuts and mix well.

Pour into a greased 9xl3x2-inch pan. Bake at 350 degrees for 1 hour.

HONEY PECAN CAKE Minnesota 1 tablespoon vinegar and enough milk to make 1 cup 1 cup vegetable oil V/i cups sugar 3 eggs 1 teaspoon vanilla 2 cups flour; dash of salt 3 teaspoons baking powder Vi teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon cinnamon '/< teaspoon ground cloves Vi cup chopped pecans Honey Glaze Vi cup honey 1 tablespoon water 1 tablespoon lemon juice In a large mixing bowl, stir oil into sugar; add eggs and vanilla. Beat 1 minute at medium speed with an electric mixer. In another bowl, combine flour and dry ingredients. Add to creamed mixture alternately with the sour milk. Beat 1 minute more. Stir in the pecans.

Pour into a well oiled 10-inch fluted tube pan.

Bake in a 350-degree oven for 40 minutes. Let stand 10 minutes. Remove from pan.

In a small sauce pan, bring honey, water and lemon juice to a boil. Prick holes in hot cake; drizzle with hot Syrup. Cool on rack.

POPPY SEED HONEY CAKE Indiana I'/i cups honey Vi cup butter or margarine 1 teaspoon vanilla 4 eggs I'/z cups all-purpose flour 1'/: cups whole wheat flour '/j cup poppy seeds 2'/i teaspoons baking soda '/t cup buttermilk or sour milk 1 medium banana, mashed ('/a cup) '/: cup raisins In a large mixing bowl, with an electric mixer beat together the honey, butter and vanilla until light and fluffy. Add eggs, one at a time, beating the mixture well after each egg is added. In another bowl, combine the flours, poppy seed and baking powder.

Combine buttermilk and mashed banana. Alternately add dry ingredients and buttermilk mixture, beating well after each addition. Stir in the raisins.

Spoon into a well greased and lightly floured 10inch fluted tube pan. Bake in a 350-degree oven 5055 minutes or until cake tests done. Cool cake in pan 10 minutes; invert onto wire rack. Cool cake completely. Sprinkle with powdered sugar before serving. Slice and serve with a dollop of whipped cream if desired.

Elie Wiesel on Rosh Hashanah (Continued from Page 70) day, Rosh Hashanah is more universal than many synagogue in Rome? others. On that day we crown God as our sovereign.

I am unable to read the thoughts of someone else. Only ours? We share Him with all the peoples of cre1 cannot unravel those of the Pope. But I can meas- ation. On that day, God judges all the nations and ure the consequences. If nothing is done to reassure seals the fate of aU beings. On that day, God and we the Jews, the separation between the Jewish people think not only of Jews but of all humanity. But it and Catholicism will once again become an abyss. is as Jews that we think about it. To be Jewish, then, And this abyss will be a danger for the whole world. means to stay faithful to the tradition, to the memThat I say this on the day of Rosh Hashanah is ory of our people. The secret of the Jew is in his memnot at all incomprehensible. Although a Jewish holi- ory and in his faithfulness.

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Medal and the Purple Heart serving in the European, African and Middle East campaigns.

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' Paj. 77

Death camp Jews rentembered

By Rebecca K.Boro8on, editor In "Hitler's Death Camps," Feig describes the identity though I'm not religious. I wanted to change The Jewiab Standard memorial as "a great boat with white sail (rising) something.

HACKENSACK, N.J. - Because of Stephen J. from the rows of symbolic crosses."

I wanted to change this. People should remember Draisin of Qoster, the Jews who died in a French conThe crosses troubled Draisin, as did the sight of centration camp were finally memorialized some 45 a cross in an ashpit where incinerated bodies "were what happened."

• But he found that neither the French government years after their deaths. dumped in order to provide fertilizer for the commanThe Hackensacii lawyer was among those honor- dant's vegetable garden. The hair on my arms stands nor the French veterans organization agreed with him about the Star of David. Nor, apparently, did ing the dead, with a plaque and a wreath, in ceremo- up whenever I talk about this."

French Jewry. nies that took more than a year to arrange.

He was able to take pictures of an oven in which He wrote to the French office dealing with veterHe went, he told The Jewish Standard, "from pil- bodies were reduced to ash; the dissecting table lar to post-all the way to Mitterrand," and he has where Jewish bodies were apparently stripped to ans' affairs asking that the Jews of the Struthof a thick file of documents to show for it. A major skeletons for the university's collection, a torture camp be specifically commemorated. Serge Barcelstumbling block seems to have been the ongoing con- table, a gallows, barbed wire fences (one electrified), lini of that office, who is also Chief of Permanent Mistroversy over the cross and convent at Auschwitz. and other camp features such as a kind of ski lodge sion to Commemorations and Historic Information, Spokesmen for organized French Jewry have been and restaurant, to show how very near it was to a rejected his suggestion without providing a reason (he later changed his mind). hesitant to endorse a memorial at Natzweiler- gas chamber.

•Then Draisin wrote to French President Francois Struthof, in the Alsace region, where relatively few "Hotel guests during the war," writes Feig, Jews died, for fear of compromising their position "had... (an) unnerving experience, because the men Mitterrand. He received an answer from Jean Kahn, that Christian symbols and institutions have no place and women to be gassed stood nude outside that an attache in the president's office. (Kahn was recently elected president of the Conseil Represenat a predominantly Jewish "death camp. plain building across from the restaurant, in full view But over the course of a year, Draisin prevailed, of the luncheon patrons and the visiting professors." tatif des Instituions Juives de France, or CRIF, which is comparable to the Conference of Presidents and the journey that began some 20 years ago when The professors, it should be noted, were visiting he first read about the French camp culminated in so as to select specimens of special interest from of Major American Jewish Organizations.)

Kahn wrote simply that "the decision is not the one a torchlit procession and ceremony recently. He took among the gassed bodies that had been preserved in you expected, but I do not see what authorized you part in France's annual commemoration of those brine. According to Feig, unusual heads were rekilled by the Nazis, and paid tribute specifically to moved and placed in jars, while bodies that remained to speak of 'getting a runaround.' " In a subsequent correspondence with Henry Buthe Jewish dead. Television cameras were on hand intact were taken to the university for medical stulawko, vice president of CRIF as well as president to record the event. dents' use. of a Jewish veterans organization, Draisin was told The camp was, according to the Encylopedia Ju"The victims' screams in the gas chamber were easdaica, "in the third (harshest) category of concentra- ily heard in the hotel,'' again according to Feig,'' and that "(cjet episode macabre est particulierement tion camq^ and constituted a concentration and redis- provided the background noise for the diners and douloureux... mais on ne pent faire du STRUTHOF un camp juif." ("This macdbre episode is particularly tribution center for political prisoners from France sleepers." sad, but you could not call Struthof a Jewish camp.") and southwest Germany." Altogether, the EncylopeDraisin says that he "took that picture so that you Bulawko wrote that the camp had been created for dia reports, 25,000 died there. could see the proximity. People had to have known Alsacians who were either in the resistance or had Another source, "Hitler's Death Camps" (Hohnes what was happening." refused to serve in the German army. In the camp's & Meier, 1979), by Konnilyn Feig, says that as many He also photographed an isolation cell door covered as "8,000 prisoners eventually inhabited the camp. with prisoners' graffiti. "They took my friends," says last period, 87 Jews-30 women and 57 men-had While the camp was primarily for members of the one, in Draisin's wife's translation. "They took my been brought from Auschwitz and "tues dans la chambre a gaz" (killed in the small gas French resistance, nearly 100 Jewish prisoners were family. Then they took me ... What will happen to petite chamber). brought there from Auschwitz and gassed, specifi- me?"

He noted that at Auschwitz, 'where only a minority , caUy to provide skulls and skeletons for Professor Other visitors, Draisin recalls, "were frozen. EveryAugust Hirt and his anthropological and racial skele- one was carrying cameras, but virtually no one was was Christian, "nous refuson le Carmel, considerant ton collection in the anatomical institute of the Reich taking pictures. It seemed as if it was an intrusion que c'est la majorite des victimes (juives) qui donne a un camp son caractere" ("we reject the Carmelite , University at Strasbourg. to take pictures. (convent), considering that it is the majority of the Draiain eventually married a French woman, Clau"When I took pictures of the oven, people looked victims (Jews) who give a camp its character"). dine Tissot, and from time to time the couple trav- at me like I was a ghoul. 1 wanted to be able to show Bulawko went <HI to name the camps in France that eled to France to visit her family. Last year, when people. How can you describe that?" had been specifically for Jews—Drancy. Pithiviers, planning their trip, they decided to stop at NatzHe added, he was troubled by the fact that while Beaune-la-Rolande—and to assure Draisip that there iweiler-Struthof. crosses were in evidence, "I did not see any Star of were indeed specifically Jewish monuments in those • Through the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los David. "It is horrible enough that Jews were killed camps. ^ :Angeles, Draiain was able to pinpoint the camp's there for only the 'crime- of being Jewish. It now Draisin began a correspondence with Rabbi location. He felt, on visiting the camp, that a great seems, however, at least in this instance, that their Menachem Fogel, director of Commemoration and deal had been forgotten, particularly the deaths of very identity is being ignored ..."

Public Relations at Yad Vashem, and with Shimon the Jewish victims.

Draisin had embarked on a quest to memorialize Samuels, European director of the Simon Wiesenthal A graveyard had been planted with 1,120 French the Jews of NatzweiIer-Struthof-a» Jews. He him- Center, asking for their support. corpses retrieved from German concentration camps self had not lost family in the Holocaust, but perhaps Fogel forwarded his letters to Serge Klarsfeld, the and marked with a tall stone pillar. An inscription he was moved to take it on. he says, "for the sake ;road8: "To the heroes and martyrs transported. The of my daughter," l*-month-old Natalie, "and my (Continned on Page 87) French Republic is grateful." daughter's children. I have a strong sense of Jewish

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Days of Awe Judaism begins with the commandment: Hear, O Israel!

But what does it really mean to "hear"?

The person who attends a concert While thinking of other matters, Hears—but docs not really hear.

The person who walks amid die songs of birds Thinking only of what will be served for dinner.

Hears—but docs not really hear.

The person who listens to die words of a friend, Or mate, or child, And does not catch the note of urgency: "Notice me, help me, care about me," Hears—but docs not really hear.

The person who istifles the sound of conscience Saying, "I have done enough already," Hears—but docs not really hear.

The person who listens to the rabbi's semion And thinks that someone else is being addressed.

Hears—but does not really hear.

The person who hears the shqfiir sound And docs not sense its call to change.

Hears—but docs not really hear.

As the new year begins, O Lord, Strengthen our ability to hear.

May wc hear the music of the world.

And the infant's cry, and the lover's sigh.

May we hear the call for help of the lonely soul.

And the sound of the breaking heart.

May we hear the words of our friends.

And also their unspoken pleas and dreams.

May we hear within ourselves the yearnings That arc struggling for expression.

May we hear You, O God, For only if we hear You too we have the right to hope That You will hear us.

Hear the praycn wc offer to You this day, O God, And help us to hear them, too.

Poem by Rabbi Harold Kushner and Rabbi Jack Riener

Awe Exhibition T^enyile Israel Saiarber 36-Octobtr22

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Meet your global 1 Jewish family.

You have a cousin m Zagreb, Your contribution to the UJA/Federation Campaign helps make possible kosher meals, winter clothing, summer camps, homes for the elderly and much more for Jews of all ages in Eastern Europe.

You have family ui Jerusalem.

They're among the 600,000 Israelis reached by your gift and others, helping all the generations-newcomers to Israel, kibbutzniks Project Renewal families, disadvantaged teenagers and the elderly

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He has opportunities he never had before. We're providing the essentials for living a Jewish life m the Soviet Union. And if he leaves Russia, our Passage to Freedom Campaign will help him ,5tart a new life.

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Pag* 82

Jewish Press

September 29, 1989

May the year 5750 bring you blessings of fullfillment and peace.

The Society of Survivors Of The Holocaust We Remember in order Ihal Mankind will not forget

B'nai B'rith Women of Omaha wishes the community a healthy and happy New Year

ItTTA The Nebraska Jewish •^—^ Historical Society wishes you a New Year of good health, happiness and peace.

Happy New Year to the Omaha Jewish Community

May you be inscribed for a happy, healthy and prosperous New Year,

I'SAHEBICAN

Kalah Franklin Chapter Hatikvah Chapter

CM

AMIT WOMEN

Omaha Chapter-at-Large

formerly American Mizrachi Women

"Blessed Is God who, delighted in life, has given us life."

We wish you all the joy your heart can hold... mazel, /'.7.\ good health, I JMj^ \ prosperity and happiness throughout the coming year. ,, P^^l'

JEWISH WAR VETERANS Epstein Morgan Post 260

Best wishes for a hapfJy, healthy and peaceful New Year George J.Schapiro Membership Chairman We welcome new members

iqa

Best wishes for a wonderful Mew Year

Beth El Synagogue Women s League Junior Congregation

OMAHA SECTION

National Council of Jewish Women

Men s Club BILUUSY

extends its warmest wishes to the Jewish community for a healthy, happy, and peaceful New Year.

Sincere Wisiies for a Happy, Healthy

The Congregation of Temple Israel

NEW YEAR

wishes its friends in the Jewish community many long years filled with involvement, good health, happiness and peace.

BETH ISRAEL SYNAGOGUE

Sisterhood

Sisterhood

Touth Groups

Best Wishes for a happy New Year

Omaha B'nai B'rith Men Henry Monsky Lodge'

Our best wishes for a happy arxl healthy New Year. -

Young Energetic Seniors Monday Group J.C.C.

Walk-In, Drop-In Groups Thuraday.BethEl

Okl Timers

Men's Club

Jr. and Sr. Youth Groups Outreach Parent Association Parenting

In memory of those who never c£une home ... and to those that did, may G_d grant health and happiness always.

From Mamalothon

The ChiWren of The Friedel Academy would like to wish the entire community a Happy and Peacelul New Year

May the New Year be brujnt with peace, prosperity and happiness

Omaha Chapter Hadassah

L'SHANA TOVA TIKATEVU from The members of CORNBELT COUNCIL AZAfrBBG Of Mid-America Region BBYO mts^-'-^ssMsisanitmiimi'mjm

SaptambarM, 1989

J«MIMlPr*M

Pag* 83

Council Bluffs, Lincoln Synagogue Officers fCouncil Bluffs B'nai Israel i'esident Brent Bloom i^ice President Dr. Eugene Freund Jecretary Sandra Kurland FTreasurer Dr. J. E. Bleicher Religious Chairman Dr. Mitch Siegel Children's Services and Education Marty Nerenstone Ellen Fennick

Good Wishes for a

L'Shana Tova Tikatevu

New Year Ruth and Morris Malme

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity.

Mary Wine

Susan, Jeffrey, Chris and Aaron Aizenberg

BEST WISHES FOR A

HAPPY NEW YEAR Charlie and Corinne Epstein

UShana Tova Tikatevu Esther and Jim Wax UShana Tova Tikatevu Dr. and Mrs. Alfred W. Brody

Lincoln B'nai Jeshurun President Marsha Plotkin Vice President .Alan Frank Secretary Suzanne Kaiish Treasurer Bonnie Lapin Financial Secretary , Penny Berger Board of Trustees Erik Bitterbaum, Jim Gessford, Jerry Kohn, Robert Nefsky, Sue Schreiber Sisterhood President Barbara Straus Honorary Trustee Paula Williams

Bess and Morris Becker extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year.

€u:^f4nUfUan€^ £ai a

May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Roselle and Saul Libowski

May the blessings of May the New Year bring peace, contentment and health, happiness, peace good health be shared by and prosperity to everyall our family and friends one. Fannie S. Chunovic in the New Year. Nate and Bebe Marcus May the New Year bring health, peace, happiness and prosperity to all per- Dr. and Mrs. J. Milton sons of good will here Margolis wish all their and abroad. L'shana To- relatives and friends va Tikatevu. Jacque Dol- health, happiness and peace in the New Year. goff May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Ida and Irving Forbes

May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Al and Reva Onich

May the coming year be one of good health, peace and contentment for everyone. Sheryl, Art, Holly and Caren Friedman

Mr. and Mrs. Morton Plotkin wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

Allen, Judy and Sarah Pritchard of Dallas, Texas, wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

Mr. and Mrs. Yale Halperin wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to all our friends here in Omaha.

Judjr, Barry, Brian and Elliot Siff

Edward and Elu Kahn wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

Marilyn and Steve Tipp and family wish all our family and friends a wonderful New Year filled with laughter and joy.

t

Albert Weiss Joyce Davidson ;Cece Hill Howard Feldman Board of Trustees Bruce Breslow, Michael Keller, Brenda Friedman

BEST WISHES FOR A

HAPPY NEW YEAR Bert and Leonard Lewis

May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year.

EUeen and Miles RewerandFawUy

- A^, USbana ^-f^ Tikatevu Maury and Joan Udes _/^_, USbana "— w/ -^ Tikatevu Moms and Jean Bresel

rw A Healthy And Happy New Year To Our Family And Fri^ds In Nebraska.

Sarah, Je/fny, Tout and Barry Kaiman o!Northridge,Cammda

May the New Year bring health, happiness and the joy of lasting friendships Dave and Jeanne Dvorkin Marty, Marilyn, Marc & Mitchell Warren Mel, Lois, Randl, Robyn & Rlidd Epstein

Rabbi Mendel and Sbani Katzman EsdeandSbevi m^rrmmFmrrrvrtfrr •mrr" I

President Vice President Secretary Treasurer

Greetings

My son, my grandson and I want to take this May the blessings of opportunity to wish all of peace, contentment and our family and friends a good health be shared by happy, heailthy New all our family and friends Year! Gloria Beedle, in the New Year. Jndy, Randy and Chris Osher- Jerry and Dan Marburg off

Mr. and Mrs. A. B, Gendler and family extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year.

Lincoln Tifereth Israel

I

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Page B4

Jewish Pr«M

September-29; IMS

Omaha Organizations

Best Wishes For A

Happy New Year NEIDENDtONaHETALCO. 525 "N" street

Lincoln 476-3306

5750

1989-90 Nebraska Jewish Historical Society

President Lois Friedman President-elect/Co-founder Oliver PoUak Exec. director/Co-founder Mary Fellman Vice presidents: Finance Leonard Goldstein Membership Shirley Berman Treasurer Rocky Stem Secretary Jerry Freeman Dues secretaries: (A-K);;....

Audrey Cohen (L-Z) Rita Novak Museum Curator „ Milder Ducky Ex-officio Saranne'Gitnick Board members: Louis Abrahamson, Esther Canar, Bobbie Epstein, Bemie Jonisch, Ilene Klein, Sheldon Kushner, Sally Malashock, Margo Rosen, Miriam Simon.

Healthy.

Happy^and Prosperous New Year MKTON M/LNOR 14th & FARNAM

402/346.3330

Quality Retirement Living In Dountoun Omaha

let him rejoice In tt;em ai — Ecclesiasles 1 V.7-B

B'nai B'rith Women President .

Goldye Goldberg Vice presidents: Program Babe Aronoff & Beverly Franklin Fundraising Sara Wolfson Membership Frieda Krizelman Treasurer Esther Wax Secretaries: Recording Florence Schneider Corresponding Corinne Levin Financial Allison Latenser Pachman Counselor ;, Beth Freidman

To Our Many riME SUPPLIERS . . .

GOOD CUSTOMERS . .

CHERISHED rRIEMDS!

For the tiew Year and always . . . lansp naiB nap"?

Jewish War Veterans Epstein-l\/lorgan Post 260 Commander Sam Rosenstein Sr. Commander Keith Peltz Jr. Commander Paul Mann Adjutant I Henry Stem Quartermaster Nate Marcus Chaplain Dr. J. Milton Margolin Service Officer iz Lewis Judge Advocate Sam Kaplan Americanization Officer William Pachman Membership Chairman George Schapiro Programs and Vavs Iz Lewis Historian Donald Strauss Dept. Commander Nebraska and Iowa Iz Lewis

MEALTIi JOY LOVE PEACE may peace and joy be yours!

ni?^

Y.E.S. President Vice president Recording secretaries

Rosaline Epstein Sylvia Ross Ina Levich Toni Kutcher Corresponding secretary Ann Katzman Treasurer & hospital reporter Kay Ferer Membership dues Frieda Krizelman Calendar Reva Oruch & Fanny Cummers Contributions Ann Margolin Historian , . Mollye Rimerman Reporter Joe Boin Programs Dr. Milton Margolin Sergeant-at-arms ., Al Oruch Hospitality SjJJy Venger Newsletter Reva Oruch Maitre d's Dan Greenfield & Al Oruch Telephone Bess Horastein Bingo caller Manny Mackay

We wish a happy and jo5«us New

J.C.C. Old Timers President Vice President Secr«taryTraaaurer Hospitality Chairman Sergeants-at-amu 6211 *'L" Street

Omaha, Mcbrasha

Ritual Chairman.

Publicity

Sam I^senstein Harry Schulmah Irv Forbes Norm Wohlner George Schapiro Albert Oruch Chalree Fellman . Henry Stem

COMMERCIAL LITHQGRAPHIMG CO. 3716 Leavenvwrth Street Omaha

mmf^^^r^^^ SLT ^KM^Vi,=^M

8«Pf«b.f29.1W8

Omaha Organizations

Best Wishes

Eisenberg Art Gallery 3615 Dodge

5750

J.wlrtPm..

Qulura (Soifftures

1989-90

Women's American ORT

342-6655

IISlTPlinciCOUKT OMAHA

Omaha Chapter-At-Large Co-Presidents

Help strenghten the economy of the State of Israel and offer our emntZ"„t"'" ^"«'.""^• \f•"' «t^ in We with hou° ^ Z

?„'«"-^K>^etary Corresonding Secretary ^^^^\ Parliamentarian

HtoHAMD ^^va/t/t^ J\fei» @W^ =» 25Years Of Catering Excellence

sS FriS j^j giff DebranLyk Cathy Christen^n

NA'AMAT USA

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NEW YEAR'S GREETINGS S J. "Jerry" Wolpa Managing General Agent ••ir Representing

FlRSTCAPlTAI.

State of 3;sra,el Bonds "0''*'ATZ

PHONE 334-81 14

Claudia Sherman

V-Presidents...

The State of Israel Bonds Committee wishes you and your family a healthy, happy and peaceful New Year.

vlSSd^its:

^-^-''^

Fundraising D Programmmg

Marilyn Tipp Edith Rogert Helen Manheimer Margie Nearenberg Helen Schwartz

rp,„

J^!!r'«^ , Recordmg Secretary Correspondmg Secretary ^y^^l SS r • .

Telephone Committee iviK„f« r. j ^''"*«^"'1«

Maureen strain gandy Passer \j^ QUSS ...Helen Schwartz Edith Rogert jna Le^ch ^•°e Goldsmith Marilyn Tipp

United Talmud Torah S5M410

S5!i•»?

GaryParilman Vi^ Chairman Leslie Kay ^"e' GaryRifkii ^«^*"y Beth Leeds Committee Chairmen Admimstrative Leslie Kay Budget and fmance Gary Rifkin S^<^J•, Gloria Kaslow & Cheryl Cooper ?«lnf f"/AmiGoldstl Parent relations Joye Wees ^^"""^e^ Frances Altman Director of education Stanley MitcheU

LIFE UFE

S. J. Wolpa & Associates

TAX SHELTERED ANNUITIES RETIREMENT PLANS

10828 Old Mill Rd., Suite 3 3304410

The Staff of Jewish Family Service wishes you and your family a happy, healthy New >fear.

L'Shanah Tovahl

m "JFS is here to help you reach, strengthen, and preserve sound family life."

BEN FRANKLIN MOTEL 1-80 & 144th St. Omaha

National Council of Jewish Women

I

NAN C. European and Domestic women's apparel and accessories Hilltop House, 4911 Dodge Street 551.4831

'ear

S^8!^e°^ •• Linda Novak Pre8ident;elect Berta Meyers Vice Presidents: Community Service Patricia Newman Education/Public Affairs Cheryl Kricsfeld ^^^m Kate Kirshenbaum _ **«"'^«'!"P Bunny Rothenberg Pubhc Relations/Administra"0" JiUBelmont 2•»»u•' Debbie Friedman Fmanaal Secretary Donna Olesh Corresponding Secretary Diane Malashock Recording Secretary Martha Lemer Past President Bobbi Leibowitz

LOVE

aJofl/

P^*,.

General chairman Fu-st vice chairman Fundraising Special events Communications

Lucille Frohm Helen Shukert Phyllis Bittner Bemice Horwich Lee Jane Parsow Gerri Phillips Lucille Zelinsky

Canfield's 26th and Cuming

iismrirT ••*•.

.-«B

Pag* 86

8«pt*mt>*r 29, IMS

J«wl*h PrMS

Omaha Organizations

Best Wishes 5750

for a

Original Works o( Art • Cuitom Framing • Corporate Art Free Coniultalion

1989-90

'he p^rjonal Touch 8025 West Dodge Road Ontaha. Nebraska 66114

Happy New Year Holmes Freight Lines, inc.

ALL MIDLANDS HEALTH SERVICES INC

RN's, LPN's Nurse Aids

391-5554 Home Nursing Care • Screened, Bonded, Insured • 24-Hour Service, 7 Days A Week • Complete Supervision • Free In-Home Assessment By RN We Will Help You Select The Service Which Best Meets Your Needs

TO OUR FRIENDS AND CUSTOMERS

1^ Le Cafe de Paris 1228S6th

344-0227

Hadassah President Vice Education Fund-raising Local Services Membership

Beverly Franklin Presidents: Edith Rogert Carole Widman Maxine Noodell Julee Katzman Faye Ruback Treasurer Ellen Albin Financial Secretary Georgia Ann Steinberg Recording Secretary Shaylene Kauvar Corresponding Secretary Susie Shyken Advisor Corinne Levin

CAROLYN D LEWIS

Ptlone 402/391-7733

Kish Royal Furs 60 years protecting valuable furs

[^ "We'd "We'ditlove to can tor your hinl" • Storage • Cleaning • Repair • Restyling • Consignment • Pick up & Delivery • Senior Discount • Insured Happy New Year To Our Friends and Customers Margaret & Charlie Andersen

2411Farnam

^ 341-6543

Society of Survivors President Vice President Treasurer Secretary

Joachim H. Boin Paul Damewood Leon Gorlicki Pam Eisenberg

AMIT Women Hatikvah Chapter Co-presidents Samual and Charlotte Kaplan Vice presidents: Membership Jack and Gertrude Levey Program Cantor Leo and Annette Fettman Fundraising Sol and Ida Mann Recording Secretary Jean Epstein Treasurers Reva Ruderman.

Marion Strauss Dues Secretaries .... Morris and Ruth Babendure Directors Beverly Franklin Georgia Ann Steinberg Advisor Jeanette Nadoff Kalah Franklin Chapter President Sylvia Ross Co-president Sarah Lewis Vice presidents: Membership Sara Landsman Program Julia Zuker Treasurer Gayle Wezelman Secretaries: Financial Fay Sekar Social Rose Fine Public Affairs Sally Venger

Bob Lohrman

OWEIl TR&VEL

agency, inc.

Travel With Us The Tower Way Omaha Tower BIdg. 2120 S. 72nd SI. Suite ISO -393-2500

NEWVEARGREEHNGS to all of our friends

Joe Tess Live Fish IVIarl(et •\

Choice Live Carp and Buffalo for the Holidays 5424 So. 24 St. 731-8328 OPEN Tues. thru Sat. 8 8.in.-6 p.m.

MffgTO S&SSIS& 1»^

m^^^ ROSEN AUTO LEASINO

331 8020

Friedel Jewish Academy Co-chairmen . .

Vice chairman Secretary TreaJsurer Educational Director Past President

Jerry Gordman Dr. Aveva Shukert Rabbi Allan Gonaher Zoe Riekes Morris Friedman Jody Goldstein Forrest Knitter

CHEEPER'S RENT-A-CAR

331-8586 CONCEPT LEASINO EQUIPMENT LEASING

331-0662

Wishing you a year of Health and Happiness BROADMOOR DEVELOPMENT COMPANY

7700 "L" ST. / OMAHA : , mmmmMm >i<H&K^lMI

w, l»a»

B'nai B'rith Youth Organization

Cornbelt Council AZA Officers Chad Polikov Godol (President) Dan Felhnan S'gan (Vice President) Scott Saylan ... Atheltic Chairman

We do details.

(1

Radisson Redick Tower Hotel 1504 Hamcy Si,/Oimh>/M2-1500 For ReMrvatloni Worldwide

800-333-3333

When people mention Jack & Mary's, they're talking

CHICKEX! Lnnch and Dinner

Steaks • Seafood Chicken

jACK^TMARyS Old Mill Shopping Center 108th & Dodge 496-2090

MID CITY BANK

MAY THE SHARING IN THE WINE ENHANCE THE PROSPECTS FOR THE NEW YEAR.

Pa^atr

Malashock Jewelry

Mid-America Regional AZA Officers Ari Riekes Aleph Godol (President) Bert Cohen S'gan (Vice President)

Sti you can dt> the town with your family ri'uniot), class reunion, wedding and bar-mitivah guests, etc., etc., etc.

Treat your out-of-towncrs to the unique Radisson Redick Tower, Omaha's elegant, new art-deco hotel. FREE airport rransportation in our chauffeur-driven limousine. The Redick Grill for breakfast through late supper. Charming hospitality rcwms. Suites with whirlpool tubs.

Need a dance floor.' A perfectly planned small meeting!

Brunch for 100 or breakfWt in bed!

No request is too challenging for our creative, helpful staff.

Rir more information call Frankie Katin — 342-1500

JmrWi'PriM

712 N. 114th 496-9990

AZA Chapter Officers Mother Chapter AZA |1 Dan KuUy Godol (President) Josh Cooper S'gan (Vice President) Mark Cohen Moreh (Teacher) Phil Mulnick Mazkir (Secretary) Sam Passer Gizbor (Treasurer) Andy Epstein Sopher (Editor) Chalm Weizmann Danny Kasin Godol (President) Mark Leibowitz S'gan (Vice President) Josh Hoberman Mazkir (Secretary) Asher Stoller Gizbor (Treasurer)

HAPPY NEW YEAR

Mid-America BBG Regional Officer Amy Zuber N'siah (President)

from Denny, Lisa and Travis Lewis Marc, Claudia, Mitch and Jill Sherman

Cornbelt Council BBG Officers Marci Luefschuetz .. .N'siah (President) Jennifer Chandler . . Aym-cha-chavairat (Teacher) BBG Chapter Officers M.Z. Yoshanah Marci Levine N'siah (President) Susan Helfeld S'ganit (Vice President) Holly Friedman Aym-cha-chavairot (Teacher) Amy Abrahamson Gizbarit (IVeaaurer) Tema Moss Orechet/Historian (Editor) Ediar Missy Kirke Becca Goldstein Miki Penner Stacey Riekes Andee Friedlander Robyn Kooper Dana Erman

N'siah (President) S'ganit (Vice President) Aym-cha-chavairot (Teacher) Mazkirah (Secretary) Gizbarit (Treasurer) Orechet (Editor) Historian

Death camp Jews remembered

I

(Continued from Page 77) French Nazi-hunter, and Samuels related that Klarsfeld's "position is as follows: "—A cross over a common grave is a symbol of the FrenchState and is adequate conunemoration over a grave in which there are very few Jews; "—Most of the Jewish victims that came through the camp were not killed at Struthof. They are not in the common grave but their corpses were removed to Strasbourg University, Anatomy Department, after they were gawed at Struthof;" "—Kl^rsfeld feels that placing a Star of David in Struthof woukl be a dangerous precedent justifying the monastery at Auschwitz, i.e., as Auschwitz was overwhelmingly Jewish, Struthof was overwhelmingly non-Jewish.

"—Klarsfeld feels that the cemetery of commemoration held in the cemetery outside the camp perimeter should suffice the Jewish community."

Draisin, ever the lawyer, cautions that these statements are only hearsay, but adds that he considers Samuels "a reliable reporter." • Draiflin comments, "I didn't realize thai my simple request for a Star of David would have international implications." ' Whatever the implications, his request was ultimately granted, at least in part. He, his wife, Samuels, and Bruce Koppel of Fort Lee made up a delegation from the Wiesenthal Center, and joined the annual commemoration at Struthof this year.

Koppel is, like Draisiin, an attorney in Hackensack.

"He lost much of his family in the camps," Draisin sayt, and "because it was meaningfi^ for him, I got him an invitation."

The Wiesenthal delegation placed a plaque supplied by the French government in memory of the "87 deportee juifs... extermines dans la duunbre a gas... dans I'unique but de constituar, • llnjtiative d'un professeur de m«derine nazi, une collection anatomique" ("67 deported Jews... exterminated in the gas chamber... for the unique en|d of nuking up, at the initiative of a professor of Nazi medicine, an anatomfcal collection"). ',r.~iiht 111. am

7517 Pacific 114tti& Davenport Monday-Saturday Sunday

391-8680 334-7123 9a.m.-10p.m.

12:00 a.m.-6 p.m.

Holiday Greetings

OMAHA -- LINCOLN SIOUX CITY

Agents for United Van Lines

Omaha 7601 Dodge

393-1000 waaim

i

M

J«wishPr*M

SapttmlMr 28, 1988

Seplember 30,1989

As the sholdr sounds on Rosh Hoshoncfh, let us enter ttie Days of Awe togettier, rejoicing and reftecting on ttie new year, repenting on Msm Kippur

i

jiPISdnman Goitlman DEPARTMENT STORES

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