September 17, 1982: Rosh Hashanah Edition

Vol LXI No, 1

Omaha. Neb., Fri, September 17.1962

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September 17.1982

Rosh Hashanah

5743 The theme of this New Year's issue — The Amazing American Jews — the greatest balancing act on Earth—and the unique cover illustration are the result of enormous input by the Jewish Press Committee. Several meetings were devoted to discussions and analysis of the theme and the Illustration before a clear-cut picture of what we were looking for evolved. In essence, the staff was directed to interview subjects selected by the committee to find out how they felt about the choices they made as they lived their lives in Omaha as Jews—as Americans.

Much concern was expressed on the part of committee members as to the anguish and pain that Omahans might experience as they "walk the tightrope" — sometimes tipping toward Judaism and sometimes tipping toward Americanism. For example, a subject may have been asked, "How did you feel when your daughter dated a nonJew," or "How did you feel when classes were scheduled for Rosh Hashanah?" Surprisingly, reporters detected little, if any, anguish. To the contrary, they found that Omaha Jews — if they do indeed walk a tightrope — do so com-

1982-83

fortably, in almost fluid-like fashion. There were no "falls" into Judaism, nor were there any into "Americanism". Our reporters did detect complete compromise on the part of those interviewed. This lifestyle of compromise was considered a necessary way of life in America today with little or no negative connotations. The people interviewed were interesting. Their stories, too, are interesting, and the staff of the Jewish Press hopes that you will enjoy this somewhat different issue. Morris Mallne

Reflections on myself By David BUtner I must confess that I have always been a little snobbish about my Jewish heritage. After all, as a Semite I go back to the world's first civilization. My ancestors were at Sumer. Then, around the year 1800 B.C.E., God made a covenant with a Semite named Abraham, and dramatic history of Israel began. This has always been a source of inspiration to me and fired my sense of history. I spent my first trip to Israel looking up famous Biblical sites. I visited the valley of Elan, where David slew Goliath; Naha Gidon, where Gideon chose his 300 warriors to rout the Midianites; and Mukhrakah (site of my bar mltzvah haftorah), where Elijah held his contest with the prophets of Ba'al. My enthusiasm proved infectious. A Swiss nonJew who was my traveling companion for several days told me when we parted that in pointing out this and that place of historical significance to her I had helped her to a more sympathetic view of Zionism than she had previously held. The record of Jews in our own time fills me with just as much pride as that of our ancient ancestors. A well-read volume called The Hebrew Impact on Western Civilization.which reads like a Who Was Who of World Jewry, occupies a prominent place on my bedroom bookshelves. A chapter in it entitled "The Jewish Influence on Journalism" contains entries on two men who are idols of mine: Theodore Herzl (who made a name for himself on the European literary scene before ever becoming involved with Zionism), and the great French-Jewish litterateur and statesman, Leon Blum. I have always considered myself fortunate from a Jewish standpoint to be living in the United States. Not only because Jews have never known persecution here, but because in this country- to be a citizen is automatically to acquire nationality. In the countries of the Old World, everything is race. I can illustrate this point with two anecdotes from my own travels in Europe. In Paris I met a woman who told me that although "her family had gone to France from Ireland four

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generations earlier she considered herslf to be Irish and not French. Elsewhere in France I met a woman who told me about her brother, who had immigrated to the United States. "He married an American woman," she told me excitedly," and do you know what else? He says that he, too, now is an American!" She couldn't get over tha t, which just goes to show how thick the blood of nations runs in Europe. . The Jews of France and England realize it, too, and you will find many who will disavow being French or English (though some Jews in England will call themselves "British"). In the United States, where everybody came from somewhere else somewhere along the line, nationality comes with citizenship, and no one can lay claim to being any more American that anybody else. I've always imagined that just as a convert to Judaism is entitled to regard Abraham, Isaac and Jacob as his spiritual ancestors, so I can regard Washington and Lincoln as my adoptive forefathers, even though my family does not go back any further in this country than the turn of the century. Even as they can participate in all facets of national life as full-fledged Americans, Jews must also, as a religious minority, feel somewhat "apart" from others, and I think that is a good thing, too. By "apart" I don't mean isolated, as by antiSemitism, but "different," in a healthy way, from their Gentile compatriots. To put it another way, just as 1 have felt most American on my travels in places where Americans are few and far between, I feel most Jewish in a nonJewish environment. (Though Israel certainly made me feel Jewish, I got the impression that the feeling had worn off on many sabras.) Consequently, having no Christmas tree never made me feel bad. It was a sign of distinction not to have one. I felt the same way about never being visited by Santa Claus. True, I wondered how he knew better than to come down our chimney, but this was an academic point. ( My parents wisely explained that he would know from the fact that our house wasn't lit up that I must be Jewish and had already received my Hanukah presents. They didn't tell me there was no such person as

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Santa Claus lest I spread the news to my classmates and spoil their fun. I always enjoyed showing off my Hebrew school books in grade school As I grew older, living In Midwestern communities where there were few Jews, Judaism became a conversation piece. If there was anything somebody wanted to "know," they came to me "" Another reason I didn't mind being different had to do with religious beliefs I was acquiring. As a holy nation of priests whose mission was to be a light unto the nations, we were supposed to be a minority religion. Conflicts bejwecn being American and Jewish? The Battle Hymn of the Republic used to be one, but I eventually understood it was the product of an age when there were few Jews in the United States to be considerate of. And I think erecting a giant menorah on the White House lawn at Hanukah time and now planning a Holocaust Memorial in Washington are gestures which make up for such oversights. Even if it does have its ups and downs, I think the generally steady American-Israeli alliance is something we should be thankful for. Imagine how it must be for Soviet Jews to turn the pages of Izvestia or Pravda and find anti-Zionist headlines leaping out at them. Finally, the United States Is a country that is easy for me a Jew to identify with. Resourceful, adaptable, inventive, literate, educated, it is the Jew among nations, as Edna Ferber wrote In her autobiography. This makes anti-Semitism easier to deal with, too. Just as anti-Americanism does not botlicr me because I know it is based on fear and envy, so the reaction to Jewish success of an anti-Semitic minority docs not bother me because I know it is based on the same unwholesome emotions. I will now confess in print something I have previously admitted to only a few selected individuals: that once, on a wild urge, as I was traveling by bus from California to Omaha, I broke my journey at Salt Lake City because I wanted to see what it was like to be a Gentile for a day (in that Mormon enclave where non-Mormons arc so designated). Except for this one mad flirtation with the majority identity, I have been proud and content to live my life so far as an American Jew.

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Family displays unity of direction By Alexander Miller For some people the significance of one's religion is a matter of location. ''I never thought about what it was like to be a Jew until I moved to Omaha, Nebraska," said Mrs. Carol Chamberlin, an executive with Bozell and Jacobs. A native New Yorker, Mrs. Chamberlin said. "You don't think of it (being Jewish) in a big city like New York. You just are, and you go about your business. Ina town like this though, you stick out like a sore thumb." Mrs. Chamberlin, who refers to herself as "a bigmouthed Easterner," said there is "a definite undercurrent" of anti-Jewish sentiment in Omaha. Here you're singled out."/ "In New York, nobody ever would say such a thing as, 'Some of my best friends are Jews,' but by God they say it here." Taking a more moderate tack, Mr. Chambcrlin, senior vice president with Mutual of Omaha said, "We've felt quite comfortable here. I haven't seen any conflict" being Jewish in Omaha. Mr. Chamberlin, who converted to Judaism five years ago, admitted he "was a little apprehensive the first time I walked into Temple Israel in 1967," the year he married his wife. Upon entering the synagogue, Mrs. Chamberlin said her husband's fears were quickly removed. "When we walked in, the people didn't say, 'What are you doing here?' they said, "Welcome!" Though Mr. Chamberlin was gratified to receive such a welcome by Omaha's Jewish community, he said his decision to convert to Judaism was made long before this first encounter. "My primary reason to convert was because the kids are being raised Jewish, and I wanted to keep up with them." The Chamberlins have two children. Allen is eleven and a half, and Adam is eight anda half. "There was never a doubt that they'd be raised ' Jewish," said Mrs. Chamberlin of her children's religious upbringing. "Before they were born, even before we'were married, we decided this," she said. "We go according to the Old Testament. No matter what the father is, the kids are Jewish if the mother's Jewish. That's the way I was brought up," she said. While husband and wife concurred on their religious direction, Mrs. Chamberlin explained that her husband's friends have been less sure of Mr. Chamberlin's conversion. • "It was very funny because one of my husband's closest friends came up to him right after the conversion service and took both of his hands and said, 'congratulations, old buddy,' and he waved good bye." A long time member of Happy Hollow Country Club, Mr. Chamberlin believed the club "years ago, I guess, did not permit Jewish members," be said that since his conversion, "I have had no problems cut, there." Agrceiig-with-her husband—inrs^ehamberlin

Carol and Meade Chamberlln with tons, Adam and Allan. related a story in which "about a year or two after school, Mrs. Chombcrlin said, "I think my children we were married, (he club put the sign up for the are getting a better education than I did, a better closing ladies' day golf tournament in September understanding, and I went to Hebrew School five and everybody started to sign up. Somebody said days' a week." ^ why aren't you signing up and I said it just so hapOne reason Mrs. Chamberlin gave for the quality pens that it falls on Rosh Hashanah, one of my high of her children's religious education was the infusion holy days, and I ain't playing golf. My husband and I of learning on the part of her husband. take the day off and we go to Temple." "I have a great appreciation for Judaism now," said Mr. Chamberlin, who, according to his wife, The following week, Mrs. Chamberlin said "there "conducts the Passover service like my father did. was a notice that the day had been changed." Though Two and a half hours before you can even lift a fork." she said she wasn't absolutely sure that the tourAdmitting that her husband has increased her nament date had been changed just because of her, Jewish knowledge, Mrs. Chamberlin said, "I have she did say, "I was the only one there who was learned more through his eyes," she said. "I have Jewish." . even had to go back and restudy what I forgot, and Mrs. Chamberlin believes there is a lot of we find that if we do it (continue to observe many of business prejudice against Jews in Omaha, but she the Jewish rituals) for the kids, we carry on a lot of said she has never simply accepted this situation. the tradition." "1 won't play the game," she said, referring to While Mrs. Chamberlin wants her children to Jewish people who are assimilated by society and learn as much of their Jewish heritage as they can, attempt to hide their Jewish identity. she draws the line when it comes to Jewish day "I'm from a large city so it was easy for me, but schools. "I am against Catholic parochial school as even if I were from a small town I wouldn't have much as I am against Jewish parochial schools. I played the game," Mrs. Chamberlin argued. "I think they give children a very onesided slant. Kids never knew anything but what I was, so I just made come out Uiinking they're Jews first and Americans my point known and that's it. I think people respect second, and I look a t it in reverse." you more." Mrs. Chamberlin was quick to point out that she Although she was "brought up Orthodox," Mrs. considers being Jewish very important in her life. Chamberlin believed, "It's not going to the "The biggest thing about being a Jew is you never, synagogue, or going to services, or lighting candles ever forget because our heritage is greater than any that makes you Jewish, it's taking the good with the other. It's a heritage that you can't explain. It's like bad. That's what it's all about." trying to define love. At times it bothers you, and at Mrs. Chamberlin translated her feelings contimes you turn away from it, but it's there. It's a pull. cerning her Jewish identity as they related to her That's what you are." children. "I don't feel that the children get the full Even the Chamberlins' oldest son, Allan, feels a benefit of what they are if you're going to go and specialness about his religion. He recently watched confuse them," she said. "We have never celebrated taped episodes of the television series "Masada", in Christmas in our house, and the children have never his Sunday school class, and explained that after asked for a tree." watching it, "I felt special because Christians didn't Because of this home environment, and the fact have to go through this stuff and we did. And we're that the two boys attend Temple Israel's religious still here.".

New Books

The Self-Chosen, by Jean Baer. New York. Arbor House, 1982 372 pp. In this account of how the new Jewish elite live, whom they marry, where they earn their money, how they spend it, their clubs, schools, synagogues, scandals and rivalries, as well as the economic and social changes within their remarkable world, a very special society comes bursting into life. Old World, New World, by Mark Dintenfass. New York. Morrow, 1982. 404 p. This is a threegenerational American-Jewish family saga. Ethnic Americans. Leonard Oinnerstcin and David M. Reimers. New York, Harper & Row, 1975. 183 p. A history of immigration and assimilation with focus on those people who came voluntarily to the New World primarily after the 1840s. Eyewitnesses U> American Jewish History, by

Azriel Elsenberg, ed. N.Y. UAHC, 1976. 85 p. A Histoy of American Jewry. 1492. Encounters Between Judaism 4 Modern Philosophy: A Preface to Future Jewish Thought, by Emit L. Fackenheim. Philadelphia. J.P.S. 1973. 275 p. A critical examination of the major works of modern philosophy in order to evaluate their contribution to contemporary life and to the fate of Judaism. Jewish Life in the United Slates, by Joseph GitUer. (ED). New York, N.Y. Uni. Press, 1981. 324 pp. This book is concerned with the aspect of Jewish life in America over the ages. • Full-Time Restless, by David Goldman. New York. Richard Marek, 1980. 407 p. The story of a contemporary Jewish man from age five to 50 and his relationships ina closely knit JewlshMmrounityr

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'Jews are your family By Donald Schwartz Observant Jews may feel, perhaps, that to identify with Jewishness and Jewry, one must practice the miixvot. Yet, in America, many feel that one need not be observant to identify with the Jewish community. Muriel Herzog is a divorced career woman with three teen-age children. Although non-observant, Muriel and her family feel strong ties to Judaism. Muriel believes that her love of learning links her to a secure Jewish identification. She feels that she gains consciousness as the head of a Jewish household through books and art, traditional intellectual culture, and radical political tradition. ' "I am aware of a long standing intellectual tradition of which I feel a part and which is not necessarily shared by most non-Jewish Americans in this area," she said. This conflict between Muriel's sense of intellectual traditionâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;nurtured as a Jewess growing up in New Yorkâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and down-home Americanism provides her with a focus for her life. This awareness, as Muriel herself states, allows her to realize that "Omaha or even New York does not represent the limit of one's experience; I always try to stay in touch with what >es on in the world.'

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She at temps to cultivate such a world view and questioning sense within her children. Muriel apparently favors her Jewish nature at the expense of her American nature. She renders the old Yiddish epithet, "It's not easy to be a Jew," into "It's not simple to be a Jew." Muriel goes on to explain that she may be (and has been) perceived in terms of a stereotype. At times, it has provoked a sense of awkwardness', and at times, a sense of alienation. Her children have also been confronted with this reality. With strong emotions about this matter, her 17-year-old daughter, Claudia, says, "There have been times , when I have been confronted outright; with prejudice." These were comfortable situations. Yet Claudia^ Herzog believes she has emerged a stronger person for it. "My perspective about Judaism became different. It is unfair. We're not different Just because of our religion. . .We're human beings, like everyone else." Claudia Herzog expresses the classic frustration of a member of a minority group in a pluralistic society encountering senseless prejudice. Muriel Herzog and her daughter, Claudia (and her other children,

Claudia and Michael flenog wilb mother, Muriel, Michael and Erika. as well) appear fortunate to harbor the intellectual bases upon which to think through the roblcm of prejudice. Muriel has remained largely uneducated in terms of Judaica, Jewish ritual observance, and the reasons for this observance. "I was under the misapprehension that when the children grew older, they would choose. I was ignorant of ritual, and now they are Ignorant," she said. Everyone In the family expresses clearly that he or she cannot accept observation practices and deep-rooted theology simply on faith. Ironically, the

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same Jewish sense that promotes a love of learning and science causes family members to perceive answers to their theologic questions as unsatisfactory. Nonetheless, Muriel is quick to point out that she never feels isolated nor alienated from the Jewish community as she sometimes does from the larger American community. "You can always feel that Jews arc your family," she said. "I guess we don't really walk a tightrope. It's more of a path. And we may detour this way and that for awhile, but I don't think we ever stray."

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Providing a strong family unit By Jill Kushner "The basic family unit is what makes Judaism so strong," Steve and Michelle Dloogoff said, adding that the more secure the family unit, the easier it is to deal with other influential forces in society. Such a belief provides them with a fluid lifestyle: The ability to establish Jewish and non-religious business or social ventures, and still maintain a strong sense of Jewishness, they said. However, choices have had to be made between the two factors, mainly for Mr. Dloogoff, who is associated with a chain of women's clothing stores in the mid-west. He recalled an instance when a decision concerning his reaction as a businessman or a Jew had to be made. He chose the latter. One day in the store, a male customer, about to buy a great deal of merchandise, approached Mr. Dloogoff with a large roll of money in his hand and said, 'let's Jew a little bit.' Mr. Dloogoff calmly replied, "If you mean negotiating, we don't do that in this store," and politely informed the man that the store's ownership ^ w a s Jewish, and "we do not appreciate" such talk in tfie business. The customer was tough-looking and about sixfoot-four, Mr. Dloogoff recalled with a laugh, and he was unsure as to how the man would react to the reprimand. The man quickly apologized and proceeded-to make his purchases. Another incident requiring Mr. Dloogoff to choose between business prosperity and his religious feelings occurred several years ago. A buyer brought some handbags into the store, he said, and while looking at the tags, he realised that they had been manufactured in an Arab country. "I told the buyer to take them back, and she said, 'but we'll go out of the handbag business.'"

Mr, Dloogoffs reply? "Then we'll go out of the handbag business. I didn't have to support them any more than I had to" Even his gas purchases were severed in one case, when he tore up his Mobile credit cards and sent them back with a letter explaining that he could not tolerate its blatantly anti-Israel stand. The Mobil Corporation was singled out, he said,

Both parents are active in all aspects of their children's lives, whether at home, through the PTA, or as the Temple Israel Youth Group advisors, where they have become friends, and sometimes confidantes to the members. "If an adult treats a child with respect, he or she will respect you," Mrs. Dtoogoff said. While rules such as attending Rosh Has ha nan and Yom Kippur services are mandatory, "while they live under my roof," Dloogoff said, "they'll make their own decisions" concerning dating. Both parents expressed a strong preference that (heir girls date Jewish boys, and said if an intermarriage did occur, "it would hurt us, but we would accept their decision." Neither one said he or she believes in threatening the girls with the attitude, "I'll never speak to you again if you Intermarry' — They also firmly believe that their daughters should learn as much as possible about other religions, to alleviate fear of ihe unknown. "You can't live your children's lives," Mr. Dloogoff stated.

Michelle and Steve Dloogoff because of its strong involvement with countries "bent on the destruction of Israel." Mr. Dloogoff possesses deep- feelings for Israel, which he visited for the first time while on the Men's Mission last February. "I felt a strong sense of belonging," he said. "I felt perfectly safe there — not threatened." Because of that trip's impact on him, he^opes to someday take his family to Israel. The Dloogoffs stressed sharing when talking about the relationship with their children Melinda, 13, and Faye, 10.

Mrs. Dloogoff said that she would welcome nonJewish friends to Invite her children to decorate a Christmas tree, or to attend Christmas mass. In thp same s e n s e / t h e y promote an understanding of Judaism by inviting others to holiday gatherings, and recently, invited a group of nonJewish youngsters to Mclinda's Bat Milzvah. "Jews should learn about Christians, and (hey should learn about us," Mrs. Dloogoff said. Mr. Dloogoff added, "We've got to have more tolerance and understanding with each other," and said that while relations have improved over the last 10 years, It's still "not enough."

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Jews in the mili By David BJUaer When he was promoted and became Sergeant Schultz, he came in for a little teasing. He lives on a street with a comic-book name: Lois Lane. But there the joking stops. Leonard Schultz, who retired from the Air Force last year, gave some no-nonsense views on some concerns of the American-Jewish military man. A Vietnam veteran, Schultz was asked how he felt when Jewish groups were coming out against the war in the 1960s and early 1970s. "I didn't feel bad about that at all," said Schultz. "As a matter of fact I wasn't really for the war, myself. 1 didn't think we had any real reason for being in Vietnam. Even if we'd won we wouldn't have accomplished anything." Schultz said he never saw combat during the war, but still risked his life every day as an Air Force club . manager since bombs explodedeverywhere in Vietnam. Asked if he ever felt moved to pray during his perils, Schultz said, "I suppose I never said any formal Jewish prayers, but I'm sure I said prayers subconsiously. They may have been as simple as 'Oh, God, please get us out of here." As far as formal prayer was concerned, Schultz said he frequently attended services led by chaplains. He said these services, which he was bused to from Da N'ang, were closer to the cpmbat lbanLhe_was. "In all my time in Vietnam we had Orthodox, Conservative and Reform rabbis," said Schultz. "They usually tried to adapt themselves to whatever kind of congregation they had in the field. Actually, though, I attended the services more for camaraderie than for religion's sake, so that one Orthodox rabbi we had who was unbending didn't bother me. I grew up in a Jewish neighborhood in the Bronx, and I enjoy being with other Jewish people. In fact, I attended services more often when I was in Vietnam than I ever did before in my life. Schultz said he also felt comfortable in predominantly non-Jewish groups during his tour of duty in Vietnam and always has since. Yet, he said, at dinners and other occasions in Air

Force life he makes it a point to listen carefully to invocations and benedictions by service clergymen. "Fortunately," he said, "they don't usually say things in Jesus's name, but I always keep an ear cocked for it in case they do. It happens sometimes and I feel it's very inconsiderate of the Jewish men and non-Jews who aren't believing Christians." Schultz was reminded of the ambivalence a la Dreyfus Affair which once - marked relations between Judaism and the military, and was asked if he ever felt out of place snapping salutes and clicking heels. "That's true," Schultz reflected. "Jews did used to feel that way about the military. But I think all that has changed now. In this age and in this country I see nothing wrong with Jews following military traditions. If I were walking down the street and saw an officer, I'd salute him, and if I were an officer, I would want to be saluted." The issue of military etiquette aside, Schultz said he never had to try to counter the stereotype of Jews as being poor fighters. "The Israelis' proved to everyone's satisfaction that Jews make good soldiers," he said. "Especially after the Six-Day War everyone saw that Jews could do what had to be done and began to respect the Israelis." Schultz said he never felt himself to be the object of any anti-Semitism in the service except for a few comments that fell more into a category of innocent ignorance. ^ "Some people who'd never seen Jews before thought I must be a millionaire," he said. "But I had an easy time proving that was wrong. Besides, I took it as a joke, Then on Friday nights, which is the night in the Air Force for cleaning up the barracks, I would always get off for services and accidentally get out of clean-up. A few men said they wouldn't mind converting to Judaism." "But I don't know," said Schultz, "maybe I'm blind to problems. My son may be going to the Mr Force Academy and maybe he'll run into some trouble there since there will be so few Jews. Or maybe Jewish officers

find more problems at higher levels in the service.

But, Retired Lt. Co). Larry Blass says he "never had to make a choice between being a Jew and being an American" in his 20 years in the service. "Aside from having to skip celebrating some of the holidays because of obligations I had in the line of duty," said Blass, "I never experienced any problems in my career." Blass said he supposed that the ghetto image of the Jew as a weakling might have been "carried over" from Europe to the United States, but agreed with Schultz that the image had been shattered by the example of Israel. "The people I dealt with all felt very pro-Israel because of Israel's military stance and the fact that when they go out to fight they go out to win," said Blass. "After the 1967 war and all the other incursions since then I have never heard anything but positive remarks about Israel." As far as having mixed feelings or choices to make between Israel and tlie United States, said Blass, he never felt himself "put in that position," nor did he ever encounter any anti-Semitism in the service which could compare to the kind he met in certain ethnic areas in his own native New York. "Speaking of prejudice, though," said Blass, "I encountered antimilitary prejudice in some places where we were outnumbered by civilians. There are people, both Jewish and non-Jewish, who do not believe that the military is an honorable profession." But Blass* said the anti-war sentiment of Jewish groups during the Vietnam era never bothered him. "I was used to anti-war protest as far back as my undergraduate days in the late '50s when people were already circulating petitions to get the U.S. out of Vietnam," said Blass. "Besides, there were just as many non-Jewish groups coming out against the war. I didn't think there was any more significance to Jewish opposition to the war than there was to the opposition of various churches." Blass reported having the same

kind of sensitivity that Schultx spoke of concerning the invoking of Jesua's name at various military events. . "TM first time it consciously got to me," said Blass, "was when a Protestant chaplain came out to say a traveler's prayer over officers leaving for a missile site because the roads were treacherous. He closed the prayer in the name of Jesus. "I don't know what made it seem more unacceptable to me than it ever had before, but we had a discussion, and finally we went to the chief of chaplains. We. had another long, drawn-out discussion with him, and the bottom line decision was that we should have a general ecumenical prayer to be recited at general meetings, including dinners and toasts." Blass said the chnplains's prayer didn't make him feel "left out" but said he felt "irritated" by the man's narrowmindedness in 'Imposing his particular beliefs on a general audience." In the way of positive things that nude him feel good, Blass called his stay in Rapid City, South Dakota his family's "greatest Jewish experience." "We were just a handful of Jews, and if anything Jewish was going to get done, we realized it was up to us to do it," said Blass. This illustrated the rule, he said, that the smaller the Jewish group, the greater and more fervent the Jewish involvement on the part of its members. Blass said Rapid City had a. very interesting Jewish history. "The town is on the Old West Trail," he said,' 'and (he small Jewish community's Torahs had been shipped to it by covered wagon during, the 1800s. The community donated a Torah to the base at Rapid City. This is where my twin daughters had their Bat Mitzvahs. It gave me a thrill to combine American and Jewish history in a religious observance in my own family." Until his recent retirement, Blass was an audio-visual specialist and was responsible for photo labs, graphics, and training throughout SAC. Schultz works for the Omaha post office and also following his retirement was a restaurant manager in town.

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Septembet 17,1962

'You have to live your Jewishness' ByJUlKushner As a freshman registering at the University of Omaha, Rose KaUeman (then Rose Wilfson) realized that one of her required courses was entitled "Bible One." "I would think that would've been "Genesis," but it wasn't," Mrs. Katleman said. "It was the life of Jesus." After buying a pocket-size New Testament, "I went home and I was scared stiff," she said. "My mother knew from the look on my face that something was wrong. When I told her, all she said was, 'So? Read it and don't believe it!" While this situation was an uncomfortable one, Mrs. Katleman and her husband, Sidney, say that they have not had any conflicts being Jewish in a predominately non-Jewish society. "Neither one of us had any problem with it," said Mrs. Katleman, 72. "We never hid the fact that we're Jewish. You just let them know who you are. You should stand on your own two feet and admit that you're Jewish, and this is the way I live." , Mr. KaUeman, 73, agreed with his wife. lie related experiences of the Tiptop Bar in downtown Omaha, which he owned and ran until 1958. The bar's clientele was mainly non-Jewish, he said, and when he closed early for Jewish holidays, the customers always understood, and never caused any problems. "At 4 o'clock, I'd tell them that it was closing time, and they'd Just say, 'Well, we'll see you when you open again," he said. ' Mrs. Katleman laughingly added that, "Then they'd go to the other Jews who were still open and give them hell for being open. 'How come Sid closes up and you don't?'" There was also no problem, Mrs. KaUeman said, when Gentile guests were invited to dinner at their home. Before non-dairy creamers came into being.

guests would have to wait for dessert or cream in their coffee "until I had the dishes washed and out of the way." ehe said. "They didn't understand why we were doing those things, but they accepted it." "Be part of the group, but be an individual," Mrs. Katleman said. One has to be strong enough to say, *Mr. Johnson, if you want to come to my home for dinner, you won't get any pork, you won't get any bacon...'" The Katlemans both grew up in religious, kosher homes in Omaha, and have conveyed to their children the values instilled by their Immigrant parents. "We both had the same type of background, so we both knew from where we came, "she said. When their daughters, Malice and Fern, were small, "Judaism was a natural thing," Mrs. Katlcmansaid. "His (Sidney's) father would call up, and the kids would recite prayers to him. Then my mother would call up and they'd repeat it again. And this went on every night." she said. "Actually, it's just been a matter of course.'1 One value which was passed down from the Katlemans' respective parents, was prohibition on dating or marrying non-Jews. Mrs. Katleman recalled her mother's admonition that, if she married out of the faith, "you can't come into my home." The Katlemans feel negatively toward assimilation, which entails "getting a Hanukah bush, changing your name so that it doesn't sound Jewish, and bobbing your nose." However, they do not believe that Jews should close themselves off from the rest of society. "You live as a Jew, but that doesn't mean you have to isolate yourself. Isolating yourself is one thing, but assimilation is losing your identity entirely," Mrs. Katleman said. , "You have to realize that people are people. You don't tesch your children that Jews are good or that non-Jews are no good You'U find good and bad

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among all," she added. Katleman agreed that American Jews are responsive to both of those titles. "You're a Jew by birth, you have a Jewish education, but you're an American because you were born in this country," he said. "We have to understand Gentiles," his wife said. "But we want them to understand us. And we want them to allow us to be ourselves." Sometimes this acceptance is difficult, she added, because "people are afraid of the unknown. Instead of sampling and then saying "no,' they stay away." In general, she said, "you have to live your Jewishness, You don't have to be ultra-ultra Orthodox. You have to celebrate holidays. You have to do things. You have to realize that this is the way you live." Mr. KaUeman holds a great admiration for the people of Israel for standing tall through their numerous crises. "They're not afraid to tell people they're Israel's. You've got to give them credit," he said. "You've got to be proud that you're a Jewâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;really."

September 17,1962

JewtoPmt

A Very Happy New Year

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Turning around By Morris Maline

It could have been a scene from the movies: Artillery shells screamed, bullets penetrated flesh, German tanks were moving toward an American infantry company. The scene is not make-believe. This was Dec. 15 194*—World War II in all its fury. A bazooka operator fell, his weapon at his side. Howard Silber, an American sergeant, raced to recover the weapon and Fire upon an oncoming tank. A shell from the German tank won. Mr. Silber remembers seeing Clark, a medic from his company, risking enemy fire to reach him. The next thing Mr. Silber remembers is awakening in a field hospital in France. The days pass, the wounds to his hands and arms are healing. It's now the Christmas season and a military chaplain appears to cheer the wounded. Mr. Silber joins with the other patients in singing hymns and carols and then suggests that the group sing God Bless America. The chaplain shouted, "No, we will not sing a song written by a son of the devil." "I was shocked at his bigotry and told him to get out." Mr. Silber explained that he ordered the major from the room because of the officer's anti-Jewish behavior and obvious bigotry. After this incident, a black soldier came up to Mr. Silber and said, "Now you know how blacks feel." The two became friends. Although Mr. Silber didn't deny his Jewishness at this time of his life he considered himself' 'rebelling" against being Jewish. To understand this attitude one would have to go back to his childhood in New York City. The depression prompted his parents to move from a well-to-do Jewish neighborhood into an area where there were few Jews. "Fighting became a way of life. It was a case of fighting or running and I decided to fight." Along with the street pressures, came the necessity to forsake his sports activities to study for his Bar Mitzvah. "The day after my Bar Mitzvah I put away my tallis." This particular tallis didn't drape Mr. Silber's shoulders until some 20 years later. His tallis rested in the home of his parents and then moved to his sister's home in Westport, Connecticut. Before the tallis would reappear, Mr. Silber left the streets of New York and took his boxing skills arid his interest in football to the University of Alabama. He plunged into college life but found more fuel , being added to his rebellion against being Jewish. "The good Jewish fraternity wouldn't have me...most likely because they wouldn't have looked with favor upon any Northerner." Incidentally, it was the University of Alabama where Mr. Silber met former presidential hopeful George Wallace. "George and Land two others shared a garage apartment for one summer." Mr. Silber recalled that Mr. Wallace was a campus liberal at the time. There was one incident that stuck with Mr. Silber: "Some black kids would come into the apartment regularly to pick up dirty laundry to take home for their mothers to wash. One time, a big football guard decided to make the task of the youngsters difficult by pushing them around. George rose to their defense shouting 'You aren't going to treat our niggers that way.' "Wallace was also a boxer, and he worked his tail off. His first wife, Lurleen, worked nearby at a five and dime store." *

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Mr. Silber renewed his acquaintence with Mr. Wallace during the 1968 presidential campaign. A member of the reportorial staff of the Worldlier aid, Mr. Silber was assigned to cover the Wallace campaign in the upper Midwest. "When he came to Omaha, he visited my home. Traveling with him was his press secretary, Bill Jones, who also had roomed with us in Alabama. During this period in Omaha, Mr. Silber was married to a non-Jewish woman, the granddaughter of a Methodist minister. "This was a period in my life when being Jewish was not particularly important—you might even say that I had a flirtation with Christianity." He explained that he had some guilt feelings over hurting his parents and abandoning his Jewish heritage. "I was completely indifferent, to the point of even finding nothing wrong with our two daughters attending Sunday school at the church...! even helped the minister promote his programs and he asked me to consider joining the church."

The ending of this marriage by divorce and a variety of other factors brought about a resurgence of Jewish feeling for Mr. Silber. Some of the incidents he recalled were: A trip to the South pole—"We were in quarters beneath the ice. I was walking along a dormitory hallway and on one of the doors, I saw a mezzuzah. I pecked Inside and noticed a photo of a menorah... During his coverage of the war in Vietnam, he observed that a Yom Kippur service was being held for some Marines in a little hut at an air base in Da Nang. "I don't know why I went in, but I do know that I experienced a lot of warmth during that service." One of tile principal factors involved in Mr. Silber regaining his Jewish feelings was Israel and her accomplishments in the 196? War. "I felt a tremendous surge of pride, and it came during a time when being Jewish became increasingly important for me." When Mr. Silber thought about the possibility of -trying marriage again, he decided that this lime he would seek out a Jewish mate. .. (Continued on Page 70)

Federation offers New Year greetings By Allan Greene Executive Director, Jewish Federation of Omaha

By Paul Cohen Preildent Jewish FederationofOntftha

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Rosh Hashanah is a time for both a reflective 5473! This week we celebrate the beginning look back at the accomplishments of the past year of the New Year. Nearly six thousand years of and a look ahead at accomplishments yet to come. history will continue. All of us are keenly aware of During the past year the Federation has initiated the hardships and sacrifices that our forebears activities and programs that we can be very proud endured to perpetuate the beliefs and principles of of. Judaism. No generation, it seems, has been able to avoid Construction began on the Rose Blumkin Jewish doing the difficult or distasteful in the interest of Home. This new facility located adjacent to the Jewish survival. Ours is certainly no exception. Jewish Community Center will offer our elderly a new environment where they can live with dignity In recent days, we have witnessed our brothers and still be part of the mainstream of communal and sisters In Israel engaged in a war designed to life. obtain some measure of security for present and The Uving&ton Plaza , Apartments an in- future generations of that land. The actions of the Israeli government were not always popular, nor dependent living setting for the well elderly opened was the world sympathetic to its cause, in spite of last March. With the addition of the two buildings, Israeli suffering and death.on an almost daily basis we now have one of the finest campuses in the country where Jews of all ages can gather to over the last seven years. participate in meaningful social, educational and Moreover, the financial burden which Israel now recreational activities. faces is enormous. The citizens have been taxed The Federation sponsored three successful beyond limits we consider extreme, yet they are Missions as part of the annual campaign. Thirty- willing to pay the price for their right to live in six young men traveled to Israel for, a look at the peace and security. Nearly every family has exland of our people. In five days they traveled north perienced grief at the loss of a loved one in battle, to south meeting Israelis and learning first hand the yet they nrccommittcd to the perpetuation of Israel necessity of your support for Israel. and Judaism. Two Missions to Washington, D.C. gave men and In the coming days of the New Year, we will be women an opportunity to meet with government asked to do our part. We will be Involved in a officials, learn more about United States-Israeli "Special Campaign for Israel". We will be asked to relations and let our elected officials know that we commit financially toward the furthering of stand with Israel. education, vocational training, programs for the Looking ahead to the new year, there will be the elderly and for immigration. opening of the Rose Blumkin Jewish Home and the - Many of these programs were the responsibility continuation of vital programs sponsored by the of the Israeli government, but the high coat of security has forced the suspension or reduction of seven departments of the Jewish Federation of these humanitarian services. We are asked to help. Omaha. We will continue to meet the social, recreational and educational needs of our people We arc asked to give more than we have before, because the need is greater than before. from the young to the elderly. We, who live in relative security and prosperity, But all of the goals that we have set for ourselves as a community cannot be reached without your are being asked to make some measure of sacrifice help. Each one of you is the Federation when you as part of our responsibility toward the percontribute to the annual Campaign, when you petuation of our people. Even though times are difficult for us and our volunteer for one of our boards or committees and own future is unsure, it falls to us to do what is when you participate in department programs. needed. Can we do less than scratch our financial Everything that the Federation has ac- resources to meet the needs of fellow Jews? complished in the past and hopes to accomplish in You will be hearing much more in the coming the future depends on you. As you take time during weeks about the "Special Campaign". For now, 1 , this most reverent time of year, we ask you to think hope the cry for help from Israel will be part of your about your commitment to the Omaha Jewish contemplation during the Holidays ahead. community. We must continue to have a healthy, The officers of the Federation, and the members vibrant Jewish community and we need all of you to of the Board of Directors, join me in wishing you a sustain it. healthy, prosperous and peaceful new year. May • On behalf of the Federation staff, I wish you all a the new yeat^ bring us the strength, wisdom _and_ -healthy,'prospcrous^and peaceful 5743; : 'ii to sec our goals and achieve them.

September 17,1982

Jewish Prew

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Commitment must overcome distance By Alexander Miller Steve and Bette Evans have a conflict. Because they work at and live near Creighton University, they find it logisticaUy difficult to be involved with the Jewish community when "all the Jewish activities take (dace on 132nd Street, and we live on north 38th," Mrs. Evans said. Mr. Evans, a researcher in Creighton's allied health division, and his wife, a political science teacher at the school, said the cultural diversity their neighborhood offers, is important, but they are bothered by their limited participation in Jewish events. "It was our choice to live here," said Mrs. Evans. "We live in this part of town, and we are one of the few Jewish families that I know of in this area. It would take a greater commitment than we have lobe 'willing to go all the way across town to participate in a lot of the community activities, yet 1 feel somewhat geographically isolated from the Jewish community because of this situation." Mrs. Evans explained that many of the choices her family might have considered making in favor of participation in Jewish activities were decided almost before the fact. "For a while, we were toying with the idea of sending our oldest son Micah (age 10) to the Jewish Day School because I had heard very good things about it, but the sheer time spent in the car taking him there would be impossible for me." "The best example I know of where I was torn between trying to honor certain Jewish commitments and leaving work was when I had to go at three o'clock in the afternoon from 24th Street to 132nd for Micha's Hebrew school." "We used to be members of Beth El synagogue, but Beth El holds classes at the JCC, and taking him there three times a week was more that I was up for," Mrs. Evans said. "So we switched our af-

filiation to Temple Israel, and the people there have done much more than we could have ever expected to accommodate us." The Evans' said they are in a position few Jews in Omaha occupy. "Most of the Jewish activities are set up for families in which one spouse stays home in the west part of the city," Mr. Evans said. "I don't think there's anything wrong with that because this type of program targeting is effective for most of the community. There have even been some efforts made to accommodate variations like our family, but we haven't token advantage of them."

Mrs. Evans agreed with her husband, adding that "Even going to little things like Friday night services, can be hard because it means getting a babysitter. It's something that if I had a real strong commitment, I'd do it, but I guess I don't." "I rather suspect thafour children will never be totally comfortable with their conditions, but I'm not sure how to remedy (hat given the forces in our lives," Mrs. Evans said. "Obviously we could change some things if it were extremely high priority, but we haven't, and one of the losses is for our children. I'm very conscious that this is a real loss, and I haven't reconciled it yet." To compensate for the Jewish opportunities the Evans' feel their children may be missing, Mr. Evans said, "We make plans to meet at a designated time in lieu of traveling to the JCC on Sundays or even on the holidays sometimes. During these occasions, we discuss a Jewish ideal that may paticularly puzzle or interest the children. We may see what Numbers or Deuteronomy has to say about an issue." "The problem we have run into," Mr. Evans explained, "is that it's hard for the children (the

Evans' also have a son Jeremy, age four) to concentrate and fixate so our discussion usually degenerates into a Frisbee game." Mr. Evans said that while he doesn't believe his children retain everything from their educational sessions in the home, he does hope that something sticks with them. "Modest as these attempts are, I think the children get some benefits from them. One hopes they carry even a little bit with them." Anolher activity In their home Is "a periodic traditional Shabbat meal." Mrs. Evans said. "I still think that's a good idea for the whole family. It would be especially nice if I had someone to make dinner for me, but since I get home from work at 5:30, it's often difficult for me to make this a routine event." Also difficult, if nn|impossib!e for Mrs. Evans, is the lending of her support for Israel's recent action in Lebanon. While the political science professor "never thought that being a supporter of Israel meant being a supporter of any of the political policies of the government," she realized that to some, this restriction of support is interpreted as a conflict "I hear this kind of thing all the time, but I don't believe that one has to agree with all of a country's military policies in order to^upport its existence." Mrs. Evans said her reason for rot seeing eye to eye with "Mr. Begin and his policies" is because "I expect from Jews a higher standard of humanity because of their history. A war like is happening now—for whatever military reasons—involves too extensive costs in humao lives. It's horrifying. Jews know what suffering is all about and they should want to avoid it at all costs. Anytime you do violence against a civilian population, it's wrong. I feel I have an obligation to be morally critical."

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Pag* 22

By Morris Maline

Polikov: It isn't inconsistent

When Yitzhak Rabin—the former prime minister of Israel—visited Omaha a few years ago, his security escort was Lee K. Polikov. The assignment to guard Rabin is not one that the average Jewish attorney could fill, but when it comes to law enforcement, Mr. Polikov is by no means a typical Jewish lawyer. He is chief deputy and counsel to the Sheriff of Sarpy County, the number two spot in a department of some 70 people having operating budgets of more than $1.5 million. Mr. Polikov joined the Sarpy County Sheriff's office in 1973 after graduating from UN L Law School. He had come to the attention of the Sheriff as a result of work he had done for the Lincoln Police Department while attending school Now, he is involved in every facet of day-to-day

police work. He is on call seven days a week, 24 hours a day, helping to administrate law enforcement in the five cities of Sarpy County.' This administration includes the serving of papers for the Court, the booking and processing of those charged with crimes as well as the Incarceration and care of those serving sentences of up to one year. "It's a major responsibility with great challenges and latitude. We've been able to accomplish a great deal in the past nine years and it's been very satisfying," Mr. Polikov said. He pointed to the visit of Rabin as one of the few experiences in his police career where being Jewish was a factor. "We were at Peony. Park at the time when a woman who knew me came up to me and said, 'you shouldn't be a policeman'. "Well, that hit me wrong. Sure, there aren't too many Jewish policemen in this area, but what, about

L'Shanah Tovah Tikatevu

Now, 33, Mr. Polikov finds that the ideal Jewish family life is not within his immediate grasp. "I haven't dated a Jewish girl in the past six years...it's not that I find anything wrong with Jewish girls, it's just that I haven't been confronted with the opportunity." Regardless of his dating situation and possibly marrying a non-Jewish girl, his ultimate sense of responsibility would call for directing his children toward Judaism, Mr. Polikov explained.

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New York or Tel Aviv, they wouldn't be uncommon there." The woman's implication was that being Jewish was inconsistent with police work. Mr. Polikov believes otherwise. He brings to his work a traditional Jewish family life with Orthodox roots and wide exposure to Jewish organizations as a member of B'nai B'rith, a past president of a local lodgcand as a current and active member of ADL's Law Committee. "I am sure that my Jewish heritage has influenced many of the decisions and actions inherent in police work.". He described one incident: There was a young man with a gun. He was threatening to shoot his mother and then kill himself. Rather than resort to violence against Die youth, it was Mr. Polikov's decision to talk. The youth ultimately surrendered his gun. Although Mr. Polikov has found it possible to pursue a police career without conflict to his Jewish heritage, his personal life has not been as smooth.

He pointed out that there has been a change in the times and illustrated this change by discussing Die national fraternity, Sigma AJph Mu. When Mr. Polikov attended UNL, he was a member of Sigma"Alpha Mu, commonly referred to as "The Sammy House," "When I was there, we had 25-35 members all of whom were Jewish. Many of this group became close friends and our Jewish backgrounds had a lot to do with this." /

Now, however, there arc approximately 35 • members only two or three of whom are Jewish. Mr. Polikov is more than casually interested in the "Sammy House" because he serves the national fraternity as regional governor. He pointed out that while Sigma Alpha Mu was primarily a Jewish fraternity at its founding, only three or four chapters out of 50 in the country are all Jewish. The national membership Is about 50 percent non-Jewish at this time, he added. "The Jewish resources were not sufficenl to keep the chapter alive in Lincoln and In order for the House to survive, non-Jewish participation was necessary." He pointed out that tiiisevolution washnrd to take at first. "It bothered me a lot...but it soon became a choice of a mixed Houscor none at all," This evolution or changing of the times is also having an effect on Mr. Polikov as one of the few Jews in public life in Sarpy County.

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A close friend of his recently questioned Israel's action in Lebanon alerting Mr. Polikov to a potential for anti-Jewish behavior as a consequence of the invasion. "Being Jewish in a somewhat isolated non-Jewish environment means that I am called upon to answer questions not only about the Jewish religion, but also about the actions of Israel." He pointed out that the tendency of the media to provide Israel with an image of an aggressor state (not an underdog) has created much concern and has generated many questions. "When Rabin was^hen^ he had answers—good . answers. I felt more knowledgable protecting him personally than T do today in answering questionsi_ about Israel." ~~

September 17,1982

Jewish Preu

P«B«23

Amtrican Jews take things for By David Bittner However difficult it is for Jews in the United States to perform the act of balancing the demands of religion and country, the world's second largest Jewry still finds it a tough act to follow. In fact, said recent Burke High graduate Janna Shwartzman, if being a good Jew and a good American at the same time poses problems, being a good Jew and a good citizen of the Soviet Union is an impossibility. Janna knows whereof she speaks. She and her parents, Boris and Roza Shwartzman, came to the United States in 1879 from Kiev, capital of the Ukraine, where they experienced all the difficulties and frustrations of life for Jews under the Soviet regime. "There are many things that Jews in the United States take for granted," said Janna. First of all, she said, American Jews are blessed with freedom of speech and religion and a democratic tradition which make it possible in the first place to choose a Jewish way of life. Not only are Soviet atheism and Judaism at obvious odds with each other,' but the Russian goverment's authoritarian policy deprives Jewish citizens of the opportunity to try to adjust cultural and national ways to each other. "America has a constitution which gives you the liberty to act whatever way you want," said Janna. "In the United States, if a Jew wants to stress the Jewish part of his life, he is free to do that. "But in the Soviet Union, a Jew is forbidden to practice religion in his own home, to keep kosher, or to observe holidays." Concerning Soviet Jews who would be more Russian than the Russians, said Janna, such efforts at assimilation are in some ways encouraged by the government, but represent hopeless aspirations. The reason for this, she explained, is that Russian Jews live in a country where anti-Semitism is much more deeply entrenched than it is here. "I have run into a litUe anti-Semitism in the United States, at work and at school," said Janna, "but nothing like what there is in Russia. "Most Russian people have always hated Jews. The Russians believe that Jews arc intruders in their country and that they donH belong there. "Before the Revolution some Jews were wealthy, so the Russians still think of Jews as being greedy. This is something Jews in America don't have to worry about so much. If they are enthusiastic about being Americans, they don't have as much hostility from anti-Semites standing in their way." Support for Israel is another area where the American Jew encounters much less trouble than his counterpart in Russia does, said Janna. Even as American Jews talk about their part in balancing Israel's needs with American's interests, Soviet Jews have the policy decisions on such matters made for them by the government, she said. , "You cannot imagine how hard it is to be a Jew in a Russian classroom when the subject of Israel

Janna Shwartzman

comes up," said Janna. •"A teacher will talk and talk against Israel and Zionism, and you just sit there feeling isolated from the rest of the class and completely out of place. "You are never asked your opinion, as if you dared express it anyway. The teacher just keeps talking about the Middle East situation and how terrible Israel is." Janna noted two examples of American pluralism benefiting Jews which she said would be unthinkable in the Soviet Union. "The United States is going to build a monument in Washington to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust," said Janna. "In the very country where many of them died, the Russians try to cover up the fact that the people who were killed were Jews.

"That's what the government did at Babi-Yar. The Russians made a park out of it with a memorial , that has nothing about Jews written on it." "And here you had the Holocaust program broadcast on television," Janna continues. "In Russia there are no books or movies about the Holocaust. It is never mentioned. They try to cover up the suffering of the Jewish people. I think the reason is maybe that the Russians think the Jews deserved it." "Also in this country not long ago," said Janna, "the President proclaimed Jewish Heritage Week. Can you imagine such a thing in the Soviet Union! "Trotsky in politics; that is covered up as much as possible in Soviet history books. Boris Pasternak (Continued on Page 58)

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To some, religious conversion is a sensitive subject, rarely discussed indepth, but Steve and Nancy Skid freely and openly spoke about Mrs. Skid's conversion from Protestantism to Judaism several years after their marriage. "Before Steve and I agreed to a marriage that was an intermarriage, one of the big decisions was 'would we have children or not have cnildren?"she said. After answering that question affirmatively, a great deal of soulsearching began, Mrs. Skid said, as she understood and respected her husband's strong conviction that "the kids would be Jewish, or we wouldn't marry." Deciding to convert took several years of deep consideration, she said, adding that, "I had to really re-think and well-define where I was at with this. It had to be my decision solely — Steve never pushed." Her final resolution was based on the belief that having one religion was essential to building a solid family unit. "How could we marry and ha ve a home if we had split religions?" While such a lifestyle is workable, it was not the one she and her husband desired, she pointed out. The ceremony, performed by Rabbi Myer Kripke, took place six years ago, and converted both Mrs. Skid and their son, David (then three-years-old) to Judaism. David, she said, had been converted a I his bris; however, records were not kept of that ceremony, rendering the transition invalid. Parents' reactions? Mr. Skid's parents in Kansas City "were thrilled," he said, after being apprehensive and "not too happy" about their son's intermarriage. Mrs. Skid added-that "to convert was one thing —lor them (his parents) to see it come to pass and what was going to happen afterward was another. It has been the after-effect of really becoming active — having an active role in the community that matters." Her family in Ames, Iowa "was very open to whatever my decision was," she said, referring to both her marriage and conversion from the faith in which she was raised. "Steve was in as a person for whom he was and

what he was, and not just from a religious standpoint. And to this day," she added, "we are what we are, and they respect what we are doing within our home." In part, Mrs. Skid attributed her parents' understanding to the experience of seeing several other family members convert to Catholicism. "When you come from such a large family (six brothers and sisters), these things do happen." However, Mrs. Skid's younger sister, who is extremely active in the church, did not easily accept the conversion, and was "openly grieving that I was able to renounce Jesus as my savior," she said. "She was very hurt for me that I was losing this from my life." Their relationship did not suffer, Mrs. Skid said, for they were able to discuss their feelings, which "took away some of the bitterness for her." For some time, Mrs. Skid experienced conflict and insecure feelings concerning her decision to convert, and complete understanding "came gradually and took a long time," she said. "It was a long process." "There were some years of feeling a real turmoil — what have I really done? I felt kind of an empty and lonesome longing to still have that feeling of gee, and we'll go to midnight services now..." She became involved In the synagogue, which helped smooth the transition; she also came to one important realization; "God has always been one source. I must be honest — it wasn't Jesus as my one source — it was God," she said. The synagogue has played an important role in the Skid's.lives; they and their children regularly attend Shabbos services at Beth El, where Mrs. Skid is a board member. "I think you need to have an identity with a synagogue, more so than anything else in Judaism," Mr. Skid said. "You need that affiliation, or it's all for nothing." They also became "regulars" to familiarize themselves with other members of the congregation, and stayed after services on Friday nJghts "to make a conscious effort to meet people," Mrs. Skid said. (Continued on Page 44)

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By David Bittner When Harold and Phyllis Zabin leave home in the morning to spend another eight hours in the world of , workaday America, they do not leave Judaism locked up behind them. Either some situation arises at the office to remind them that they are Jewish, or their co-workers—some in thoughtless and some in thoughtful ways — serve that end. Mrs. Zabin, who is a secretary in the UNO Department of Education, reports getting a "rush" during the Christmas season and also at Easter time of questions about Judaism. "At these times," she said, "people who don't mention religion or ask me anything about my religion during the rest of the year suddenly shower me with questions. "I don't think they're expressing prejudice," she continued. They just know that there is a difference and they are interested in it. If anything, I think their questions have shown me that much of the anti-Semitism I had previously believed existed was merely a lack of information on the part of some non-Jews. "I feel that one-on-one discussions with both students and professors have generated respect and admiration for my religious beliefs." She also reports that a few awkward incidents at the office have led to a better understanding on the part of her Gentile co-workers of the Jew's position in a non-Jewish society. For example, she said, an instructor once asked her to prepare, some activity list handouts for use in one of her education classes. She noticed that one of the activities involved making Christmas tree ornaments. She dutifully typed up the material, but told the instructor • she hoped the sheets would not be handed out as they were since their eventual use in the classroom would make Jewish children feel left out. "The instructor admitted she had

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been thoughtless," said Mrs. Zabin, "and said she would eliminate the Christmas activity from her list. She said she appreciated my suggestion and would discuss with her students the wisdon of refraining from religious activities in the classroom. She said she would try to make other teachers aware of the feelings I had expressed to her." On another occasion, said Mrs. Zabin, also at Christmas time, a professor asked her to buy some Christmas decorations and hang them up so that the reception room would not "look so dull." She protested that she would feel uncomfortable doing that since she is Jewish and suggested the man find some other employee to do the job. The professor's reaction was most sympathetic, said Mrs. Zabin. "He said we ought to leave the office undecoratcd since a Jewish person should not have to be surrounded by decorations for a Christian holiday," she said. Mr. Zabin is a lawyer in the firm of Richards, Riekes, Brown, and Zabin. When asked if .he ever has had to compromise himself as a Jew in his practice, he replied that on the contrary, Jewish law serves him as a guide in his work. "I don't feel that I ever compromise," said Mr. Zabin. "As a matter of fact, I think quite the .opposite is true. Jewish values serve as a source of inspiration to me and assist me in my practice. "For example," he continued, "I occasionally think about (he parables in The Ethics of the Fathers when I handle certain matters. There is a saying in one that one should not put a stick in front of a blind man. To me this forbids misrepresentation or representing something in such a way that a person who is not knowledgeable about the law would not be able to understand it. "It means that I must be considerate of my opponent and his client. This is an example of how the morality of Judaism guides me in the American courtroom."

Outside the work world, also, the Zabins say (hey count both Judaism and Americanism as important forces in their Hve3. "I find no conflict in being Jewish and being American," said Mr. Zabin. "America and Judaism stand for the same aspirations, dreams, and hopes. I'm proud to be an American because the United States is a great bastion of democracy, and I'm also proud to be a member of one of the oldest civilizations which has wrapped itself around some of the highest ideals of mankind." He went on to discuss a special way in which he believes Jews contribute to the American way of life. The Jews are useful to America, he said, in their role as champions of justice. "The Jews have something to contribute to the U.S.," he said, "because they arc a minority group who have suffered a great deal. We remind each other at Passover of the way we lost our freedom in Egypt, and as a result of that I think we are especially sensitive to intolerance and ways which are not in keeping with democratic ideals. I think we have this to contribute to American society. "There's a cliche," he continued, "(hat in choosing a jury a criminal lawyer representing the defense will want a Jew on the jury because Jews tend to identify with the underdog." The Zabins say they get along well with non-Jewish Americans, many of whom they think share some of the same sensitivities and concerns that Jews do. And when values and attitudes do differ, they say, that's as it should be, since Americanism and Judaism serve to complement each other. "America is a society made up of diverse groups of people who practice diverse kinds of religions a nd belong to different cultural groups," said Mr. Zabin. "I think the society of America draws upon these diverse elements, and that's what makes America the great country it is." He maintained that pluralism was a

'K-?!--1;

better goal for the American-Jewish community than the melting pot. "Maybe Jews are changing and evolving and becoming more and more a part of American society," he said, "but that doesn't mean we have to forget our identity and not contribute the special things we can." Queried on their feelings about the Jewish state, the Zabins said that as far as they were concerned there is no conflict involved in being Americans and supporters of Israel. "I don't think there's any conflict between the. two countries," said Mr. Zabin. "They both serve the idea of democracy, and I think that's why the United States takes the side of Israel. "Israel's ideals are similar to those of the United States," he continued, "and the country is the only democracy in the Middle-East. Of course I'm always worried about Israel not just for Israel's sake alone, but for the sake of its effect on the United States." That being the case, the Zabins were asked to reflect on what kinds of feelings the American and Israeli Independence Days evpke in them. Mrs. Zabin said her feeling about Yom-Ha-atzmaut reflect a different kind of interest in Israel from that which Israelis themselves have. "We're happy for the Israelis, and we're very proud of them," she said, "but what we feel isn't the same thing as the actual patriotism that Israelis do." Mr. Zabin said he had definite feelings about the symbolism of July Fourth. "July Fourth reminds us that we are a free and independent country / with a great constitution. Democracy, freedom of religion, the Bill of Rights all come to mind." He dismissed the question of whether he was a Jew or an American first. "I live easily with many labels," he said. "Just as I wouldn't say I was a father before I was a husband or the other way around, so it is with being a Jew and an American." The. Zabins are affiliated with Beth El Synagogue. They haveLtwo sons: ' ^Jeffrey, i?;land Steven, 14.

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There just isn't enough time Said Mrs. Weiss "This is the way I go. It's easier, but I didn't say it's all right." The way the Weiss family chooses to go is in the Is it possible for a medical student at the direction of maintaining a kosher home, but family University of Nebraska to observe Shabbat? members occasionally eat dinner at restaurants. "I would just love to observe Shabbat in its full "In order to fit in here you have to make comglory and splendor, but there just isn't enough time," promises somewhere or another," Marlon said. said Marlon Weiss, a second year student "Keeping kosher other than in the house is not Yet, he will take the time (just a few hours on terrible important to me. Keeping kosher in the Shabbat) to attend a Big Red football game. house is very important to me." "I realize it's crazy." Mrs. Weiss explained that another aspect of He explained that, "You have to make comJewish tradition which she is not able to observe fully promises. Something's got to break somewhere. is the Sabbath. When I retire, or hopefully before, when I can cut "I made my peace when I went to work," Mrs. down on my workload, I would love to go to shul on Weiss said. An employee at InterNorth for 14 years, Shabbat and keep Shabbat. I think it would be great, she said, "When you work five days a week, when are but I can't do it now. There's just not enough time." you going to clean the house? When are you going to The hopes Marlon has for his future religious dedication are quite similar to the practices of his do your shopping? "Either you kill yourself, which I did for one year, father, Bernard Weiss. The elder Weiss, a machine shop worker at the or you clean house on the Sabbath and give up the Sabbath. You have to make compromises and you Control Data Corporation plant, said when he retires have to survive." "in four years" he plans to spend a lot of time at Beth Israel Synagogue where he and his wife, Marjoric, are members. The senior Weiss said-he has been saying yahrzeit for his sister every day at the synagogue, a ritual he plans to continue for a total of 11 months. But a few times, according to his wife, "He comes home because there are not enough men for a minyan." "It's upsetting," said the elder Weiss. "I don't like it, but ther's nothing you can do about it." Agreeing with her son that a lack of time makes it too difficult to practice Judaism more completely, Mrs. Weiss said, "You have to adjust your religion to Gt into your lifestyle. The only Jewish contact I have now* is just going to the synagogue for the High Holidays, occasional Friday night services, or Marlon Welii with his parents, Bernard and Marjorie, cemetery services." By Alexander MUUr

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Another problem, said Marlon, occurred when he was an undergraduate studenf attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "At MIT one year they scheduled registration on Rash Hashanah. It annoyed me incredibly, and mainly cost me a lot ot.timc in scheduling my classes before the holiday. . â&#x20AC;˘ "I made sure that I registered the day before and it took all types of hassles. The time it took to set up every thing was nontrivial. One matter which the Weiss family felt was anything but trivial occurred during the tornado of 1975. Mrs. Weiss recalled, "Six years ago, our house was badly damaged. We lost about a third of the house. I know in the (Jewish) Press it said if you need help come to us. We wouldn't go to anybody for any kind of help." "We should have at least had a call from somebody of the Jewish Community Center because we didn't have a phone. We had no hot wa tcr. We had nothing for three months. My picture was on the front page of the World Herald. There was no excuse for them (not calling)." ' Mrs. Weiss said that her company, her son's Synagogue Youth Group, various church groups, and the Red Cross all helped them by picking up debris and providing food and other services. But "we heard not one word from the Jewish community of Omaha. I became very bitter about that. I'll never forgive them for that." Because of the feelings of resentment towards the Jewish community, said Mrs. Weiss, "We don't join the Jewish Community Center." And while her family gives money to Israel, it does not support the Jewish Federation. "I give the money I would pledge to the Federation to the Red Cross. You give people who help you in return."

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ferent in some ways. "Jews and Gentiles are different/'said Willie, "and I think both groups respect each other for these differences." The Rosses agreed that some of the differences which characterize Jews include loyalty to Israel, feelings of responsibility toward other Jews and the - covenant between God and the Jewish people. By David BlUner "Because of our history," said Willie, "we Jews Alvin and Willis Ann Ross believe that Jews in hold certain values to be important, such as family this country "are living in a Golden Age in which it is unity, education, and special sensitivity to the possible to be good Jews and good American welfare of other minorities." Still, notwithstanding their positive outlook on the. simultaneously." "To be a good American meanstovote, pay taxes, American-Jewish symbiosis, the Rosses agreed that obey the laws, and participate in politics." said Al. life for American Jews is not always easy. They "None of this gets in the way of being a good Jew." commented on some of its vicissitudes. In 1972, the Rosses, faced with having to coun"On the other hand," he added, "beinga good Jew and fulfilling your ritual and spiritual obligations teract the Christian, among other negative indoes not get in the way of being a good American, "it fluences of the public school system on their three is wonderful thing to live in a country where children, came up with 2 concrete solutions to the believing in the governmental and political system problem by establishing a new private school in does not come into conflict with religious beliefs. Omaha. They called it the New School. Even today, in some countries like Russia, this is not Designed to have a non-religious as well as a nontrue." sexist orientation, the school did not permit the Both Rosses said they were proud of the Jews' celebration of religious holidays, Jewish or accomplishments and success in many fields in the Christian. It was attended by both Jewish and nonJewish, black and white children. United States. "We live primarily in a Christian world here in "It gives me a warm feeling," said Al, "to know that out of the small percentage we make up of the American," said Al."There are influences on the American population, we have so many successful children in the public schools and social pressures on people at (he top of almost every business and them and the family elsewhere in society." profession. To neutralize the influence of the Christian majority on their children,the Rosses say they rely "The suffering, the studying, the sweat of generations of people who preceded them gave them on the validity and meaningfulness of Judaism, itwhat it takes to make it. I feel proud when I see a self. "We never had to say to our children, 'Don't sing successful Jewish business or professional person." "We've had so much to overcome," added Willie, Christmas carols,' or 'No, you can't have a Christ"and have been excluded from so many professions mas tree,'said Willie. "The children were not a part for so long that I think we have to be-better fighters of that whole scene because we, as a family, made our commitment to Judaism. than other people." Willie said that both she and her husband feel Judaism has so much beauty of its own that if it is "accepted" by their non-Jewish acquaintances and observed at home and at the synagogue, it should not don't mind if the latter perceive Jews as being dif- have to compete with Christianity."

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"The beauty in Judaism comes from many sources, " said Al. "At home it may be the songs at the Shabbat dinner table sung with Joy and fervor, or it may be the participation in a meaningful way in the many holidays during the course of year." "For our family," Al continued, "this has eliminated the attractiveness of 'Jingle Bells' and Christmas trees from the minds of the children." Willie devotes a great deal of her time outside the religious sphere of her life to music. She is a member of the Omaha Symphony, in which she plays the flute. She was asked how much she is willing to compromise when, as part of the symphony, she is asked to play the works of anti-Semitic composers such as Wagner. Laughing, she answered, "I wonder if there would be much music to play if we really questioned the attitudes of each composer towards Jews. "Anti-Semitism was so pervasive in most European countries for so long. However, I can certainly understand the strong reaction recently by the Israelis to having Wagner performed by the Israeli Philharmonic. "Wagner was a verbal, rabid anti-Semite who made his feelings public. Also, the time and distance between Wagner and those who suffered partly because of his influence is not so great. For me, personally, performing Wagner in America is a compromise I am willing to make." The Rosses agreed to consider a hypothetical question which typically gives pause to Jews, that of loyalty to the United States as affected by hostility between the United States and Israel. Both Rosses agreed there would be only one choice: Israel. "We feel warm and comfortable right now," said Willie, "but no one knows what lies ahead. The history of our people living in the countries of the Diaspora is not a pleasant one. "I cannot be sure that the United States will always welcome and protect Jews. I know that Israel always will."

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Lindsey Lerman has traditional motivation By Alexander Miller By any standards, Lindsey Lerman is a successful woman. After graduating from Wellesley College and Columbia University Law School, she worked as a clerk In a New York Federal Court judge's office before coming to Omaha with her two children. In Omaha, by her account, she "nestled into" the prestigious law firm of Kutak, Rock and Huie, but not as an ordinary employee. "This institution took me in as a whole package," said Ms. Lerman. "I came knocking on the door looking for a job, six or seven years ago, and said I'm this well-trained person, but I have two young kids and it's important for me to spend time with them. My explanation for that is I'm a Jewish mother." Ms. Lerman ascribes the influence of her Jewish heritage to being responsible for more than one major decision in her life. "My motivation with respect to the children is a real traditional one. It's nothing other than my upbringing, sort of the Jewish culture which has such a high respect for children, for individuals." The same motivation which pushed Ms. Lerman to present the Omaha law firm with a part-time working arrangement was responsible for similar feelings of concern on the part of her parents when she was a child. ........ If not for the circumstance of her Jewish heritage, Ms. Lerman might well be known as-a former, Olympic medalist aiid possible world record holder. At 14, Ms. Lerman was "the youngest person and the highest individual scorer" at the 1961 Maccablan Games in Israel. "They had Movietone News at the Games, and I can remember getting back home to my neigh-.

borhood theater, and seeing the newsreel of this swimming thing that I had done a couple weeks earlier. "I can remember having finished (and won) my race, and being real inculcated with sportsmanship, and turning around breathless and saying, 'Go, Marilyn, Go' to my teammate who was still a few seconds behind me, and seeing that picture on the news." The teammate to whom Ms. Lerman referred was Marilyn Rumenofsky who went on to hold world records/n the 400 meter freestyle event and win a silver medal in the 1964 Olympics. "I think back to that scene where I was rooting for my teammate who was subsequently the world record holder and thinking maybe that's the course I should have taken," Ms. Lerman said. Ms. Lerman, however, did not follow her teammate in Olympic training. She stopped swimming competitively after the Maccabian Games because of what she said was her 'parents' Jewish heritage. My mother and father said to me after the Maccabian, 'Are you going to swim all day or are you going to have a future and go to school? You can't do both.'"

much use to you in your adult life. "There's a greater prospect in the long run for having some satisfaction over taking the academic tangent." Though it was "a real difficult decision for Ms. Lerman not to train for the 1964 Olympics, she said, "I stopped swimming after that." But, "I still have anxieties over that choice." Upon making the decision to end her swimming career, Ms. Lerman said she forced herself to concentrate on school work. "Two things happened the day I quit swimming. I just said, 'Hey, here it is' I sat right down to study, and I immediately went on a diet." Getting over those initial obstacles, Ms. Lerman eventually entered college after ilth grade, where she faced "real hard work." But seeing Ms. Rumenofsky win a silver medal and later achieve a world record, the lawyer admitted. "At the time she set the record "there was this feeling in my head that it could have been:...that it was one of my choices.

la considering the reason for her parents' emphasis on scholarship over athletics, Ms: Lerman believes "there is no other explanation for my parents being so bent on education" than the fact of their Jewish heritage.

"I remember saying, 'Gee, the person who came in second at the Maccabian behind me set the world record, maybe I was wrong.'"^ â&#x20AC;˘ Ms. Lerman said she asked herself, "Was that the tight thing to have done since (he Olympics were right around the corner?"

"My parents, neither of whom went to college, had goals for their kids to provide them with opportunity," she said. "It's a very practical attitude. It may come from instinct with respect to survival because you may be a fabulous athlete in your teens and twenties, but unless you're that occasional superstar, it's not of

Today, Ms. Lerman has few if any doubts about her decision "It was the right choice. I could say I have the regret that I didn't satisfy my curiosity, but I can't say that I have the regret over having made a decision that was not correct for me. What do you do when you have two good choices? You can't be both places at once."

Rosh Hashanah...the beginning of a New Year..., with new hopes and dreams for health, prosperity and peace in the world.

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There are no choices in Omaha' By Alexander Miller "There are no choices in Omaha, none, zero," according to Allan Capidh, as far as getting a kosher meal is concerned. Since moving to Omaha from Chicago about two years ago, the 34-year-old president of Team Telephones explained that "in Chicago, if we wanted to go to a kosher meat market, although we don't keep kosher, or if we wanted to go to a deli or at Passover if we wanted to go out somewhere and have a nice Passover dinner after the first seder or even for the first seder, there were a lot of choices. Here there are none." Arlene Caplan, a converted Jew who was raised in Chicago, said, "The food idea isn't even a real important facet of life, but it helps to remind you all the time of a certain identity. We were a little disappointed that there's no place during Passover where* you can go and get a Jewish style meal." Another culinary disappointment for Mr. Caplan involved an occasion in which, "I was driving in southwest Omaha shortly after I came here and was real hungry. I saw this"sign that said Lox, Stock, and Bagel and I got all excited. I said I'm home. So I whipped the car right in there, and the little girl behind the counter who was a bubbly, space cadet type asked me if she could help me. I said yea, I'll have a pastrami sandwich. Her next question to me was would you like that on white bread with mayonnaise? At that point in time I told her they should take the sign off the window because they didn't deserve it. "The girl didn't understand what I meant. What I meant was that you Just don't eat pastrami on white

. Allan and Arlene Caplan. bread with mayonnaise. It's like sin. They're promoting Lox, Stock, and Bagel which in any other city would be like a Jewish Deli and yet the employee has no idea. That was real disappointing. "Where I grew up in Pittsburgh it was a very Jewish neighborhood." Mr. Caplan said. "There was one family on the street that had a Christmas tree, and the other 31 families did not" " Mr, Caplan said background also gave him the business sense that "helped me to turn a company I bought 20 months ago with 25 employees to one today which staffs over 700 people." Mr. Caplan explained, "My dad was a businessman/ All of our Jewish friends were businessmen. I grew up in a heavily populated Jewish community where everybody was striving to do better. We grew up very middle class, and I was v the poorest kid on the block/1 could see what everybody else had/and knowing what they had, I started in business for myself when I was twelve years old. I pulled a wagon selling snow cones, and I got the idea from another Jewish kid who was doing it. I made $14-15 a day, and I did that instead of playing baseball. With the money I made from that, I

was able tobuy stocks. Now the normal 12-year-old doesn't buy stocks. I only owned a couple of shares of each thing, but at that time the stocks I bought helped put me through a year in college. It may be prejudice to think that this was a Jewish thing, but I think it was." Another Jewish thing in which the Caplans are presently involved concerns where they will send their daughter to kindergarten next year. "It is still a toss up between the school system where we live in Elkhorn or the Jewish Day School." said Mr. Caplan. "We're torn because I would very much like my daughter to go to the Jewish school to learn a little bit more about why she's Jewish and why she doesn't have Santa Claus, but at the same time we'd like .her to meet the neighborhood kids around us." Mr. Caplan explained that "It's important to me for Maria (the Caplan'sfive-year-olddaughter) to go to a Jewish school because having converted, I want her to know exactly what our ties are. Also, you get so much thrown at you that's Christian, it would be nice to get a better balance. The balance which the Caplans have tried to provide their daughter was slightly upset this summer when Maria went to stay with Mrs. Caplan's parents in Chicago. "This summer we sent Maria to stay with grandma, and grandma sent her to a neighborhood camp," said Mr. Caplan. "It was a Bible school, so wo had to explain to grandma that we really didn't want her going to Bible school, Maria came home singing a new song about how Christ died for her. She didn't know what it means, but it was a nice tune." "I told my mother that I wasn't real happy with Maria being there," said Mrs. Caplan. My mother said, 'Oh, well the kids just play, that's all,' but I knew that these church affiliated things always throw in religion." , Mrs. Caplan added that she "crossed her fingers" when Maria went on a field trip at the Jewish Community Center's camp, arid the kids were being chosen to sing their favorite songs on the bus."

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Two different worlds By Alexander Miller Dr. Alfred Brody had to find out 24 years ago if a Jewish doctor can find happiness in a Catholic environment. At that time it was a question of whether a Jewish physician from New York should affiliate with Creighton Medical School, a Jesuit institution. Shortly after obtaining his M.D. degree, Dr. Brody went to the University of Pennsylvania to take part in a three year program where he received a Doctor of Sciences degree. "At was teaching at this workshop during his last year at the University of Pennsylvania, and a former teacher of his happened to be there too, recalled Shirley Brody. Weli, my husband and this other doctor said the usual 'Hello, how arc you' to each other, and during the conversation the other doctor explained that he was now working at Creighton." "Since it was my husband's last year at Penn," Mrs. Brody continued, "he was looking for a place to do research and teaching. He put his. list of credentials in a technical magazine and this same teacher of his saw it." "He sent my husband a three page single spaced letteritelling him they had this job here at Creighton, how marvelous Creighton was, how wonderful Omaha was, how marvelous the Jewish community was, and all about the Jewish community and what they do, and that we should come." Dr. Brody recalled that "at the time the Jesuits had just been involved in some decisions about J. Robert Oppenheimer (the Jewish scientist who headed the Manhattan Project) There was a question of spying activity, and one of the people who came out loud and strong for Oppenheimer and freedom of speech was a member of Marquette University, Creighton's sister school." "The stance that was taken was very reassuring to me," the doctor said, "because the fact that Creighton was a Jesuit school was of interest to me. This certainly influenced my thinking, and in all the years I have been at Creighton they have bent over

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backwards not to look as if they were doing something bad to the Jewish guy." While Dr. Brody said he was happy with his working relationship he did indicate that certaininstances have occurred where it was necessary for him to explain certain aspects of his religion. "In a place where a few percent of the population is Jewish, it is not thought of in relation to the Jewish Holy Days and unless one calls attention to it, it isn't understood, that Jews don't work, on these days."

The misunderstandings to which Dr. Brody referred involved occasions when "staff meetings and medical school examinations were scheduled on High Holy Days, but something was done about it. It was taken care of." Dr. Brody said only explanation is needed to allow Creighton officials to realize the significance of the High Holy Days. "The Jewish Holy Days are in a sense more holy than most of the Christian holy days. The concept of not working at all on holy days Is not really prevalent in most of the Christian religions. Therefore, they don't understand some of these things necessarily unless you explain it. On the other hand, I think most of them are very respectful of any such explanation." Mrs. Brody felt that while she and her husband have "many Catholic friends," she still reacts differently when she meets Jews as opposed to Gentiles, "I was brought up all my life (in New York) around people who thought Jewish, who talked Jewish. Their background was Jewish. They sympathized with everything Jewish (hat is part of you. It's part of your culture." "My husband works at a Catholic university where most of the people arc Catholic. Well, they go off to their church, and you know we can't go with them. I'm not as comfortable with the Catholics because we don't do the same things or think the same things all the time. But this isn't to say that we don't like them, or that we don't respect (hem, or that we don't play bridge with them because we do all of those things."

"The League sent me a paper to get signed against Reagan's plan to give credit to those who send their children to private and parochial schools." "I'm against that proposal because I'm for the public schools, but I was afraid to ask my Catholic friends to sign the paper because they all send (heir children to Catholic schools. So in my feelings and in my mind there's kind of a wall between us a lot of times." Disagreeing with his wife's idea of a wall. Dr. Brody restated his idea of the need for explanation in today's society. "WcjUve in a multifaceted society in which we all arc constantly to some degree explaining ourselves to each other. That's just the way it is."

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American? Jew? Is one more important? By Alexander Miller

It's difficult for Stanley Krieger to decide whether being American or Jewish is more important. Yet, he said, "I'm an American, but I think the more fundamental part of me is the Jew in me, not the American." Mr. Krieger, a 33-year-old lawyer who moved to Omaha 14 years ago, said he is torn when trying to determine which part of him takes precedence. "I'm an American, but I'm a Jew, too. Jews are all over the world and there's a commonality between them. But there's no commonality between American and a Frenchman. "It's easy enough now to say I'm an American first, but it may not be so easy if something comes along later on down the road and Israel's life is threatened," said Mr. Krieger. "Maybe the question has to be answered on one side of the fence or the other." "If that happened," Mr. Krieger continued, "I would probably say that my Jewlshness is a more permanent part of me than my American identity. If I had to make a choice, I would maintain my Jewish identity because I think the survival of Judaism may depend in large part on the survival of Israel." . While a student at New York City's Fordham Law School, a Jesuit institution, Mr. Kreiger said, "I used to have these discussions (about Israel) with students in the cafeteria. I went to school from 1965 to 1968, and during the 1967 war there were a lot of debates in which the non-Jewish students were asking the Jewish students, 'Are you American or are you Jewish?' and 'How can you be in favor of Israel and still be on the American side?' Many of ' these people just didn't quite understand what a Jew was." In spite of Mr. Krieger's feelings about the naivete of his fellow students, he admitted "some of the discussions really did raise questions in my mind like'Am I American?' 'Am I Zionist?' The questions did not end with law school. Mr. Krieger said the same uncertainties still exist in his life today. "People say, 'We're not against the Jews. We're just against Zionists'. I've, gotten in that discussion with people before and it really bothered me." The lawyer explained, "I represent some Iranian Jews in Omaha, and we had a political asylum hearing at the immigration office here not too long ago. We were at the interview and the examiner was asking (Mr. Krieger'e clients) all kinds of questions about what was happening in Iran and why they were going to be discriminated against in Iran. My clients were saying that they (the Iranian government and people) think they're Israeli spies and they're for Israel." ' "The examiner was getting into things like Iran's just against the Zionists and not the Jews. I was sitting

there as the attorney and I said, 'Wait a minute. That's the same thing.' People think there's a difference, but it's just a smoke screen." Mr. Krieger's wife, Angela, said she has also experienced similar forms of anti-Semitic smoke screens in Omaha. A convert to Judaism 12 years ago, Mrs." Krieger said, "Coming from the non-Jewish world into the Jewish world, I've become very comfortable. But I feel the subtleties of antiSemitism, especially around Passover. "As I stand in line at the supermarket with holiday goods, I remember that, as a non-Jew, I looked at those items and thought 'What is that?' Why aren't they buying Easter ham?" But then you stop and think." Mrs. Krieger said that, "Persons around you just don't understand what you're doing. It's not part of their celebration, and, in a sense, you feel there's a barrier. "You can never completely share one another's seasons, even though you try. That's when it gets to be uncomfortable—when you realize there is that barrier." While both husband and wife admitted they have little control over anti-Semitic attitudes, (hey said (hey were able to determine how they choose to live as Jews. The Kriegers said the Sabbath is very important. Their, family which, includes four daughters, three to 11, always tries to observe the Sabbath. "We don't go out on Friday night,"

Stan and Angela Krieger with Stephanie, Sarah, Rachel and Jessica. said Mr. Krieger. "The Sabbath is important to us, and we try to observe it as consistently as we can," The last conflict Mr. Krieger can remember involved an invitation to do something on (he Sabbath. "It was a campaign party for a political candidate. Someone was raising money and we decided we didn't want to go on Friday night. I just didn't feel right to do that. But I don't get into big discussions about why," Mr. Krieger said that, while he and his wife have a lot of control over the scheduling of their engagements, "one of our biggest problems is when one of

When you serve Honey Barley Kugel for Rosh Hashanah, you choose a recipe that brings together three traditions — kugel, barley and honey. Kugel is a pudding in Jewish cookery, a main dish accompaniment that can be served hot or cold. Most frequently, it has been made with noodles or potatoes but barley has also been an appropriate, texture-rich base for kugels throughout history. Barley, in fact, has a strong Jewish tradition. Did you know that this source of protein, phosphorus and iron figures prominently in biblical

the kids wants to do something. Then it's harder to say no." One occasion where "there's never a conflict" is the High Holidays. "It wouldn't make any difference what is was," Krieger said. "I don't do anything except go to Temple on the High Holidays, "If someone goes to jail, that's the way it will have to be. Life will go on. It's a question of priorities. You always have a choice." "As far as my Jewishncss goes, there's a continuum of priorities, but when it comes to the High Holidays, nothing can get in the way."

history? For Instance, it is believed that the "first fruit of the harvest" (Leviticus 23:9-15), reaped on the second day of Passover, was a reference to barley. Honey, of course, not only adds sweetness but also symbolizes the sweetness of life itself. Put them all together and you have Honey Barley Kugel, which also features dairy sour cream, cottage cheese and raisins. Serve Honey Barley Kugel at Rosh Hashanah — celebrate the holiday and history. HONEY BARLEY KUGEL 4 cups water 1 teaspoon salt Two-thirds cup regular barley 1 cup cottage cheese .-" •• .-.•,•' 1 cup'dairy sour cream ; 4 eggs, beaten '/4'cup raisins */z cup honey V« t'up butter or margarine, melted 1 teaspoon vanilla . In large saucepan, bring water and salt to a boil; add barley. Cover; simmer about 1 hour or until barley is tender, Drain; cool. Heat oven to 350 degrees F. In large bowl, combine barley with remaining ingredients; mix well. Pour into ungreased 11x7 inch baking dish. Bake 40 to 45 minutes or until knife inserted in center comes out clean. Serve warm. Makes 8 to to servings. VARIATION: Subsititutc 1 cup quick barley for regular barley; decrease water to 3 cups. Decrease cooking time of barley to io to 12 minutes. Proceed liFreclpe directs.

September 17,1962

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A commitment to Jewish education By Donald Schwartz

Susan Rips Paley is an intense young homemaker, committed to Jewish education. For many years, she had felt little or no conflict between her life as a Jewess and her life as an American, she said. Even today, in most aspects of her day to day living experience, that remains true. Recently however, she came to realize that, even in a democratic society with viable public education, a person must step forward as a Jew to take a stand. In walking the American Jewish tightrope, perhaps there comes a time when one must dangle a foot more on the Jewish side. A series of insights and decisions has led the young mother to determine that her children will have a Jewish education. In so doing, Mrs. Paley has received overtures • that perhaps she has taken a backward step; that she has ceased being a progressive. Mrs. Paley

. disagrees. By involving herself in what might appear to some as an American-Jewish conflict, Mrs. Paley hopes to resolve or reduce conflicts for her offspring later. She has determined, then, that her children will attend the Jewish Day School. "I believe that the primary years are the most important educationally. By being in this kind of environment, my children will be. able to obtain the best available Jewish and secular education. They will be better able to understand their heritage. "I foe! if a child knows who he is—what his background is, then later in life, it will be easier for him to make choices. He will have a very positive Jewish identification later in life. "The experience at the Day School cannot be equaled by any other Jewish learning experience. Certainly it requries a lot of dedication as a parent." According to the rabbis it is through its women and children that Israel will be redeemed. This

recent growth of awareness on her part involving her children's education has permeated the family's entire spectrum of living, said Mrs. Paley. She expresses her family's growing awareness as Jewish Americans rather than as American Jews. "A person needs to spend some time being Jewish. We spend so much time on other American things. Some of the leisure time we spend could be invested exploring our Jewish life in addition to taking tennis lessons or other activites. We don't spend enough time working at being Jewish. "It's too easy to be Jewish in name only. It's become easier to be American rather than to be a Jewish American. "I feel we are linked to a real past, to Jews who really lived Judaism. They perished and suffered so that we might live in luxury today. I have this responsibility to all these people who were called upon to stand up for what they believed in. They didn't back down. We are linked to them like in a chain. They had tremendous courage. They were people to emulate. "I want my children to realize they are not the only generation of Jews who have ever existed. They are linked to a past of real heroes. I feel very strongly about that." "Having made the decision to live Jewishly lias enriched the quality of my life and my family's life. It is priceless—a wonderful feeling that's come into our family."

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'Being Jewish is more a 9 state of mind Nancy and Sidney Peariman with ions, Rob and GeoW.

\. By Aleiander Miller It's not what you do, but how you do it that determines the meaning of one's Judaism, said Sidney Peariman. Mr. Peariman, the 50 year old president of Brandeis department stores, said he believes "being Jewish is much more a state of mind, a personality." "I don't look on the act of going to a temple as being a major thing," Mr. Peariman said. "I've known an awful lot of guys, people who've spent an awful lot of time sitting on their cans at Temple, and in their dealings with people they're not very good, not very positive people. They're a pain in the ass, yet they would think that maybe in their minds (going to temple) means being Jewish. That isn't necessarily so in my mind." Mr. Peariman said, "Why is anybody less Jewish if we're involved with (he community, if we support the community financially and don't always go to synagogue? That's still being Jewish. That's commitment." One specific episode involving synagogue attendance that did come to Mr. Pearlman's mind, involved a decision he made "a few years ago" to go to work on Rosh Hashanah.

"I had to go to work. It was just a situation where we were in the middle of closing the store and there were just some very major decisions to be made. I felt at the time it was in the best interests of the job that I was being paid to do that I could not afford to take an entire day and not be there."

Semitism. It really turns me off." He said that his one direct encounter involved a classroom experience last year in which "the topic of being Jewish came up and a guy expressed his feelings about it, and they were not good. I got in a fight with him after class."

Mr. Peariman said he believed that the actual act of going to a synagogue "is not all important. "But I am very Jewish in my attitudes and my approach to things and my emotions. I don't think it makes me any less a Jew that I didn't go. But somebody else might carry that like a scar the rest of their lives. I'm not like that."

While Rob said he felt "anger" toward the other boy, he also said "I kind of sympathized with the fact that he was so ignorant that he didn't realize what he was saying. I thought he was just totally ignorant, and I was a little bit sad when I thought about how you could go through life being that blind."

The only concern Mr. Peariman said he felt in not attending services that day was "the thought you have is that you want your kids to go. You're influencing them. If I didn't go, that bothered me because I think they should go." The Pearlmans have three children Pam 21, Rob 19 and Geoff 13. It was Rob, now a sophomore at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln, who said that during his senior year at Burke High, he "encountered a lot of indirect anti-Semitism and once even directly." Rob said he "heard a lot of the typical stereotype of a Jew hording his money, and I call that anti-

Births 5742 SONS Mr. and Mrs. Bob Aronson Mr. and Mrs. David Berman Mr. and Mrs. William Bridgman Mr. and Mrs. Steven Chasen (twins) Mr. and Mrs. Harding Collis Mr. and Mrs. Frank Comisar Mr. and Mrs. Manuel Delgadillo Mr. and Mrs. Steve Epstein Mr. and Mrs. Glen Fineman Mr. and Mrs. Sanford Friedman Dr. and Mrs. Michael Gins.burg Rabbi and Mrs. Allen Gonsher Mr. and Mrs. Alan Hersch Mr. and Mrs. Dean Hughson Mr. and Mrs. Richard Katzman Mr. and Mrs. Alan Kulakofsky Mr. and Mrs. David KuUer Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Laguens Mr. and Mrs. Eric Lehtonen Mr. and Mrs. Mitchel Orlik Mr. and Mrs. Alan Parsow Mr. and Mrs. Steven PiUor Dr. and Mrs. Ira Priluck

Despite his distrcssingexpcrienccs in high school, Rob said that in college, "everybody's just so much more open-minded because there's such a wide range of people that you can't help but become more open-minded. You live in a dormitory and you're in a close environment There are not only more Jews but more blacks and people of all other types. You becomecxposed to all of them. It's totally different."

A solid family

1981-82 Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr.

Describing himself as one who doesn't "get in fights at all; but I was just really upset," Rob added that, "If somebody's anti-Semitic and I know that, Vm not going to hide the fact that I'm Jewish at all. If they want an open confrontation then Dial's what they'll get."

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DAUGHTERS Mr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs.

Arthur Cohen Sidney Dunn Merrick J. Dyer Raymond Goldstein Ellis Goodman Peter Gordon Larry Hasslinger Ronald Kent Edward Kpvnar David Lee Ncal Malashock Mike Nelson Ted Sanford, Jr. Jeffrey Taxman John Tully

(Continued from Page 24) "Rabbi Kripke told me as we were studying to be aware and not be surprised that I might be shunned by friends, supposed friends, and people at the synagogue," she said, realizing that everyone would not be "enamored" with her conversion. However, such treatment never came to pass, "or if it did, I was never aware of it," she said. "People for the most part have been extremely warm and open to us." Nor have their children, David, nine, and Allison, six, had any negative experiences with people questioning their mother's Christian background — a background which the Skids see as an educational asset for their children. "They see the best of two worlds — it's very enlightening," Mr'. Skid said.. "It's a study in comparative religions, in a sense, Mrs. Skid added that, "Our children will have more exposure, experience,

and knowledge of what the Christian religion is. They'll know the other side of the coin that other Jewish families will not have the opportunity or the awareness to present to their kids." Such Skid children, they said, have been given a clear understanding of both religions and the accompanying holidays. For instance, they are exposed to Hanukkah within their home, and Christmas celebrations in Ames, Mr. Skid said. "Being with my family at Christmas-time is a family reunion," Mrs. Skid said, "and for me to stay here and say 'but because they are celebrating the birth of Jesus and Christmas, I'm not going home' — I'm going to see my brothers and sisters and their kids, and be with my mother and father," she said, adding that participation in Christmas festivities has not lessened the children's strong Jewish identity. "They don't know from not being JewiBh.'-

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The way we choose By Alexander Miller Orthodox Jewry is a way of life for Mark and Rotina Emanuel, even in South Africa. Mrs. Emanuel, the 22 year old daughter of Omahan's Samuel and Judith Cooper, met her husband in Israel when they were both studying in Yeahivas there. After marrying in Israel two years ago, the couple moved to Mark's home of Johannesburg, South Africa, where Mark is now a shochet. In describing his life as a South African Jew, Mr. Emanuel — in Omaha recently explained. "Just being Jewish in South Africa is not very important because there's a Jewish community of 200,000, but it's not just being Jewish. It's a question of being an Orthodox practicing Jew which involves what people might call problems, but is really a way of life." '.'People look at keeping kosher and keeping the Shabbat as being problems," Mr. Emanuel said. "But for us, this is the way we choose to live. So there are no problems." Mrs. Emanuel said that when her parents first found out she was going to marry an Orthodox Jew, they weren't sure how to react. "It was hard for my parents to realize that a normal American girl could be happy not going out to a disco or a bar. I think they pictured Mark as someone from the 'Old Country', that I'd have 25 kids while he learned all day, and I scrubbed the floor and did the dishes and cleaned the house."

After meeting their daughter's fiance a week before their marriage, Mrs. Emanuel said, "My parents accepted him after they found out that he was not what they might have considered to be a freak. Now they support us and do everything they can to help us out. Commenting that she.had no regrets with her new life, Mrs. Emanuel said, "I like my lifestyle. I have a set order to my life. From the time I get up I know what to do. I look forward to the Sabbath as a complete day of rest; no phone, no television, no car. I feel I need that. I need to know that you have to .have restrictions in life, although sometimes I think, "Gee, it would be nice to go out for a pizza.' I've really accepted this as a way of life. It's part of me to be an Orthodox Jew." Mr. Emanuel's feelings about his religious conviction have been a principal factor in his life, he said. "I was trained as a certified goldsmith which you might call a (religiously) clean profession, but I wanted to be involved in something that was related to my way of life so I studied in the Yeshiva for two years reading the Talmud and learning to be a kosher butcher." When I served in the armed forces I ran into two problems just because I was Jewish. But I was firm on both of them. The first was just a plain fist fight because I was Jewish, The other arose when I wasn't allowed to wear my yarmulke when I went to e a t I said, "If I'm not allowed to wear it, I won't

Mark and Ronna Emanuel and Tova Yedida. eat and the result will be that I'll die on your parade ground which is a holy place.* "Things didn't go any further than that, and I was allowed to wear my yarmulke." ' Mr. Emanuel said that the point of these stories was that he is committed to practicing Judaism in the Orthodox tradition, and that he wishes to carry on this tradition by sending his daughter to some type of Jewish day ' school or secular school with a Jewish tutor. "We've thought about sending our child to a public school and in the afternoon hiring a Jewish studies

teacher, but we're still debating. What a child learns in the morning could be six hours of the secularized world, the language, the free-going sex in the schools. I don't know if our child could cope with that and be thrown into Jewish studies in the afternoon. Will she learn right from wrong? Mr. Emanuel continued, "We feel that every person's brought into this world for a purpose. It all boils down to the idea that you've got to get onto (spiritual) elevation. Orthodox Jewry is this way of life, and wheter it means saying certain prayers or anything else, it's all integral. There are no conflicts."

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Feeling like outsiders By Alexander Miller There have been times when Jim and Jan Cohen have considered themselves outsiders. "I was away from organized religion during my late teens and twenties,-"said Mr. Cohen, an insurance agent with Connecticut Mutual life. "I would like to go to a synagogue service. I' haven't been to one in so long. I'd just like to see what it's like." Mr. Cohensaid, "During my childhood I was very close to my grandfather who was a rabbi in the Reform synagogue. We even took a trip to Europe and Israel togetherâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;just the two of us. He died when I was 16, and after that I went overboard with religion." "I even thought about being a rabbi until I realized I would be constantly competing with his memory. Then I sort of went the opposite way. I guess it had a lot to do with my sphere of influence because I wasn't around a lot of Jewish people, and going to the temple wasn't a big thing anymore."

"Sometimes I kind of feel like everyone but me is Jewish when we visit Jim's family in St. Louis. Jim's brother-in-law and sister-in-law aren't Jewish either so I'm not exactly alone, but pretty close."

(pentacostai) church in Columbia, Missouri right after we got married," Mrs. Cohen recalled. "My wire wanted company and I thought why not, I'll see what it's like." said Mr. Cohen.

"Even when We're with Jewish people here it's always brought up (the fact that Mrs. Cohen is not Jewish.) It always seems to come up, and though I sometimes feel tike an outsider, it's just something that happens. I looked upon it as a opportunity to meet people. I met Jim's family right after we were married. Jim's the only Jewish person I've ever really known."

Not long after the couple entered the church, they began to feel as if they weren't part of the group.

Despite Mrs. Cohen's feelings of uneasiness when she encounters other Jewish peole, she explained that within the confines of her marriage, she is very comfortable discussing religion with her husband. s . "We talk about religion a lot, but the religion we discuss involves me asking Jim questions," Mrs. Cohen said. "I ask him a lot of questions which he can't always answer and I borrow a lot of books from his parents." While Mrs. Cohen said she has "never really" considered conversion, she was not necessarily totally opposed to it. "I wouldn't be against it, but while my parents are alive, I think it would be almost adverse to their health because they are such fanatics about their religion."

"I got uncomfortable when they started talking about praising the lord Jesus and Jesus this and Jesus that," Mr. Cohen said. "I don't feel real good with that, and the whole idea of this place was pressing you to think that way. Mrs. Cohen said members of the church "were yelling out loud from their seats and making all these strange noises." , Another part of the service that made Mrs. Cohen feel uneasy was when "the minister was up there saving, 'Give the Lord $10,000 and hell give you $20,000 back.' I was just appalled. I couldn't believe he honestly said that." In spite of the fact that the Cohens were made somewhat uncomfortable by the content of the service they witnessed, Mr. Cohen believed that "It was just an experience. As long as you know who you are and what you are, it doesn't hurt to see or experience other religions."

Since moving to Omaha after marrying his wife three years ago, Mr. Cohen said,"It's only been, recently that I've been thinking about joining a snyagogue. We've been here what I call a short lime and we only just recently got around to joining the JCC. I've just decided it's time to get involved with the Jewish community again because I've been an outsider for so long."

Mr. Cohen added that conversion is not at all necessary because "we have a relationship where we don't put our beliefs on each other's religion. If I were to get involved in my religion and go to synagogue, I would always ask Jan to go, but there's absolutely no pressure"

Mr. Cohen used the same line of reasoning in assessing his marriage. "I don't feel it makes me any less of a Jewish person to be married to someone who isn't Jewish. I have a brother and sister, and all three of us have married non-Jews. I like the balance of having a lot of friends who are Jewish as well as those who aren't."

Mrs. Cohen, who is Presbyterian, said that she too feels like an outsider on certain occasions when she comes in contact with Mr. Cohen's family and friends in his home town of St. Louis.

v "I would be happy if she went with me," Mr. Cohen said, "but for reasons of companionship and togetherness, not religion." That same feeling of togetherness motivated Mr. Cohen to once accompany his wife to a "holy roller

"My wife and I never get into heated discussions over religion because we respect each other's belief. That's the real key. There's absolutely no pressure because we both feel so strongly about our religious convictions."

Jewish Press

September 17.1982

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By DavJd Blttaer "We must be Americans first and Jews second," said Dr. Hans Frenkel, who fled to this country from Germany in 1935. "American Jews must be careful to separate their religion and citizenship, he added. "There is nothing wrong with having a Jewish lobby for Israel," said Dr. Frenkel, "but we must make it clear that our first allegiance is to the United States." Dr. Frenkel, who practiced cardiology in Clarinda, Iowa for over 40 years before moving to Omaha three years ago, also said that though Jews must retain their religious traditions, such cultural assimilation as they have already undergone in this country is desirable. Our way of worship is different from that of Christian Americans." he said, "but I would not say there should be any other major difference between Jewish and non-Jewish Americans than this." In view of the fact that religious and national allegiances of Jews once appeared to be in good equilibrium in Germany, Dr. Frenkel was asked what implications this has for the Jews of the United States as they try to achieve a similar balance. Dr. Frenkel replied that the situation which once existed in Germany could not be compared with that of present-day America. / â&#x20AC;&#x17E; â&#x20AC;˘ "You cannot consider the^ermar/situation before World War I in the same way Uiatyou consider the situation in America now," he said. In America today we have a society made up of' many different ethnic and religious groups, and our . democratic, egalitarian American institutions encourage them all, Jews included, to balance. (Blacks are a possible exception to this rule.) In Germany before World War I Jews were so well-assimilated and there was so little conflict in being German end Jewish that you could not even speak of German Jews making any deliberate effort to 'balance.'

be Americans first

"I am not speaking of the Polish and Russian Jews who came to Germany following World War I,"said Dr. Frenkel. "In behavior, outlook and language they were very different from the German Jews. "I am speaking of the authentic German Jews who had lived in Germany since the Middle Ages. For them being German Jews involved no problems. They were simply Germans of the Jewish faith. "To show you what litUe conflict there was in being German and Jewish," said Dr. Frenkel, "all the synagogues were maintained by the state, rabbis paid by the state, and Jewish schools part of the same public school system as Protestant and Catholic schools.

"At the level of secondary education, when students of all faiths went to the same high schools, or gymnasia, as they are called, rabbis would come into the schools during the mandatory hour of religious instruction and teach the Jewish students. "Jews along with Protestants and Catholics were assessed a 'culture tax' which went to the support of religious institutions," said Dr. Frenkel. Asked what went wrong in Germany, Dr. Frenkel explained that German Jewry's troubles began with .Germany's defeat in World War I and the Treaty of (Versailles. These phenomena, be said, produced conditions in Germany conducive to the rise of an anti-Semitic movement which took (he German Jews by surprise. "The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany very harshly," said Dr. Frenkel. "At the same time it did nothing to lead to the establishment of a durable ' democratic form of government in Germany. The NaziB needed a scapegoat for Germany's problems, so they blamed the loss of the war and the Treaty of Versailles on the Jews. The Weimar Republic was not strong enough to keep them in check."

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"Socialists and Bolshevik* were the Nads' other scapegoats," continued Dr." Frenkel, "and It so happened that Jews played a prominent role in the socialist and communist movements. Rosa Luxemburg and Trotsky were Jews, Karl Marx was a baptized Jew.". Not only that, said Dr. Frenkel, but there was a good deal of anti-Semitism in Germany because of competition between Jewish and non-Jewish middle and upper classes. "Jews were prominent merchants, owned large department stores, were doctors and lawyers, held high posts in the universities, and were in many other high positions," said Dr. Frenkel. "This made it easy for Hitler to create hatred for the Jews."

Dr. Frenkel called the period between World War I and the first growtii of Naziism during the early 19303 the time when Jews were first compelled to make a public act of balancing between being German and Jewish. During this time, he said, the first rumblings against "International Jewry" began to be heard, and though Zionism had little support among German Jewry, the large numbers of Polish and Russian Jews in Germany were very visible Zionists. "The German Jews had always considered Judaism only as their religion," Said Dr. Frenkel, "but now they had to make it clear to people that they were Germans first and Jews second. This was becoming increasingly difficult." And then in 1333, said Dr. Frenkel, balancing became a futile thing to attempt. "More and more people had become Nnzts," he said. "By 1933 the Nazis were a good SO per cent of the German population by vote or conviction." 'The Germans have always been easily led," Dr. Frenkel said. "They have never known how to think for themselves."

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Synagogue schedules and rabbis' messages Candlelighting schedule nOSH HASHANAII Friday September 17 Saturday September 18 Friday September 24

The choices we make

Temple Israel

By Rabbi Sidney Brooks

worth of our years on earth. Temple Israel According to our faith we arc given free will, the The theme of Rosh freedom to choose betYOM KIPPUR Kashanah is Lire. ween good and evil, to Sunday September 26 6:57 p.m. We reflect upon life. choose the blessing and We pray for Life for not the curse. There are SUKKOT (first days) ourselves and our loved YOM KIPPUR those who with Friday October 1 6:48p.m. ones. The nostalgic mood justification say that our Sunday, September 28 Saturday October 2 7:35 p.m. freedom limits even the First Service 6:30 p.m. of the holidays leads us to control of God! Second Service 8:30 p.m. remember years past and SUKKOT (final days) those with whom we Monday, September 27 This year the world is. Friday Octobers 6:36 p.m. shared our years and who Service begins 10 a.m. not a pretty place. Saturday October9 7:23p.m. Youth Service 1:30 p.m. influenced our Lives by Humanity is war-torn. Afternoon Service 3 p.m. their love, their wisdom Suffering, death, hunger and their example. Candlelighting on Saturday night must be a halfYizkor 4 p.m. and brutality stain too Rj&b! Brooks hour after sunset. much of our world. And Thus we are reminded CEMETERY that people choose the life the manner in which we the worst of it is that we MEMORIAL SERVICE they live to a much larger meet and handle the can only attribute these Sunday, September 10 extent than we ore prone circumstances, the scourges to human Temple Israel Cemelery to admit. Not the cir- temptations, the op-choke cumstances of our life but portunities determine the 2 p.m. Let our prayers for the New Year be that we learn how to eliminate By Rabbi Paul Drazen greed and personal Beth El Synagogue condition in ulterior motives from the Stories are always their By Rabbi Isaac Nadoff America, and have at- actions of our lives and helpful in illustrating a Beth Israel Synagogue We've all heard the point. An oft-repeated tained success and ex- choose those manners of adage that one can't story is one in which the cellence in many areas of living Uiat arc good and teach an old dog new rabbi attempts to per- their chosen endeavors. right and compassionate The New Year season tricks. We might even be At the same time, never and merit the blessing of presents an annualled to believe that, in a before has the quality of God that we must choose dilemma to every rabbi: certain sense, we are Jewish life been so rightly to deserve. how to transform the beyond the point of May the New Year be diminished as it is today, apparent religious enlearning new life habits. nor have the dangers of for each of us and for our thusiasm, demonstrated No matter what we might Rabbi Drazen assimilation ever been so community and all the by the massive atthink, we all have the year will mean for us. It tendance of Jews at world a year of response great. Jews are exability to adapt. , changing the religious to the goodness that lies is a matter, largely, of religious services, into a As the world around us realizing that we can do sustained commitment content of their within us and may our changes, our personal nearly anything we want throughout the year. peoplchood for a vague individual choices make world changes, each to, if we are willing to Hope clashes with reality and shallow clhnicism life better and happier for year, each week, each change. The desire to when, at the sounding of which can never give us all. them the strength nor the day. As a result we, too, change serves as thetheshofaron Yom Kippur "Choose life that you will to resist the lures or may live." have changed, learned beginning of the night, the synagogue is temptations of their new tricks, if you will, in discovery of our personal hurriedly emptied of its secular .environment. order to compensate or capability for change. worshippers, most of Beth El There is much reason for deal with (hose changes. With the desire, we can whom will deprive the Rabbi Nadoff concern. Each of us has adapted or change our lives for the synagogue of their Synagogue until the suade a congregant to adopted our lives. The better. We have the presence The value of Judaism real trick is, of course, ability, let us pray for the following year. Between attend synagogue ser- is not derived from an ROSH HASHANAII realizing' that we have resolve to do so in the High Holiday seasons, vices more frequently. occasional observance, Friday, September 17 c o n g r e g a n t ' s or from a three-days-achanged and that we can New Year. Doing so will synagogues are for the The most part only sparsely response is: "But rabbi, I year involvement. The Evening service 8^5 p.m. control the change. make the New Year truly attended. derive so much from your value of Judaism lies in Shabbat morning Our tradition has been new. sermons on the High the year-round and lifeSeptember 18 good to us by providing Holidays, that it is long personal com- Morning Service ...9 a.m. Beth Israel Synagogue the High Holiday season enough to last me the mitment. Judaism is far Alternate Service. 10 a.m. as a time when we have whole year." This story is too important a value- Minha-Maariv ROSH HASHANAII 7 p.m. Morning servicc8:45a.m. the opportunity and the fa i r l y a c c u r a t e system to be limited to Friday evening, responsibility to review Sunday, September 10 barometer of the current infrequent days and Saturday and Sunday YOM KIPPUR the way we've lived for September 17,18, and 19 Morning Service.. ,9a.m. state of American Jewish Sunday evening special times in our lives. Alternate Service. 10 a.m. the past year, and to see Mincha-Ma'ariv .. .7 p.m. life. It underlines what and Monday Judaism's standard of Tashlich how we can improve (Evening Services 4 p.m. we already know, that for September 26 and 27 values permeates every Minha-Maariv ourselves. At this point in Shachris 7 p.m. too many of our people, ...7 a.m. KoINidre 6:30 p.m. area. It determines the the year, we have the (Morning Service) Rabbi's Sermon.... .7p.m. Judaism is j only of very life-pattern of a Jew. YOM KIPPUR opportunity to determine TorahReading 8:30a.m. Shachris peripheral importance 9a.m. In home and at work, in how we will live. We Sounding of the and an insignificant Sunday. September 20 (Morning Service) the market-place and in determine if we will live Shofar 9:15 a.m. Youth Services... 10a.m. element in their lives. KoINidre 7 p.m. the office, Judaism has or die - in a spiritual (Sunday only) Torah Reading ll:30a.m. In many respects something of utmost Alternate Service ...7p.m. sense. We decide if we Musaf Service.. 9:30 a.m. Rabbi's Sermon ... .Noon Jewish life in America is significance to say to us. Monday, September 27 will be active or if we will Youth Services .. 10 a.m. YIZKOR 12:15 p.m. unique and without It speaks to us of eternal Morning Service 11:30 allow our ability to Rabbi's Service precedent in Jewish values, of God and man. including Yizkor and (Memorial Service) atrophy from inactivity. a.m. hSstory, with Die Jew of our purpose for being, Musaf Musaf Service 1 p.m. 9 a.m. We decide if it will be a TashlichService .4p.m. Mincha enjoying freedoms and and life's ultimate goals. Alternate Service. 10a.m. 4:30p'm. (Sunday only) year of commitment or a Neilah 6p.m. opportunities never It strives to elevate us to Study session with Rabbi year of indifference. The shofar will be before enjoyed to such a ever higher levels of Jules Harlow .. Approx. 2 SHABBAT SHUVA We decide. We (Sabbath of Repentance) sounded and the Yom d b existence. It looks upon p.m. ,»».«. . K y c H . . . ^ / „, , „. j ^ ' deterrnine,_ to a large September25 - - Kippur last will end at _cornmunity._ Jews_Jhaye_jnan_a8_possessing Godly itecess.. u m j u j p.m._ degree, what the new Minha-N'ilah 5 p.m. 7:45 p.mr full advantage of ( C o n t i n u c d o nP a g e ™ token 7:12p.m. 7:53 p.m. 7:00 p.m.

ROSH IIASHANAII Friday. September 17 First Service 6:30 p.m. Second Service 8:30 p.m. Saturday, September 18 Morning Service 10 a.m. Youth Service 3 p.m.

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Jewish Pres»

September T7.1982

Synagogue officers 1982-83 Temple Israel

Men's Club , President .. Bill Wasserkrug Vice President , Harold Seiner President Michael M. Erman Secretary-Treasurer Jerry Gershman Vice Presidents Murray H. Newman Board of Directors: Howard Kaiman, C. Meadc I.M.Tretiak Chambcrlin, Sherman Brodkey, Ernest Prrcsman. Dr. Blaine Hoffman Treasurer Carol Anne Farber Couples Club Secretary '. Gary Kaplan Past President Theodore M.Seldin Chairman Karen and Manuel Delgadillo Treasurer Debbie and Jeff Smedlund Board Members Temple Israel Board Representatives Karen and Manuel Karen and Manuel Delgadillo, Steven Dloogoff, Delgadillo Phyllis Glazer, Herman Goldstein, Judi Goldstein, Advisors .Linda and Rabbi Barry Weinstein, Ellen Gordman, Don Greenberg, Gerald A. Linda and Michael Smith. Hoberman, M.M. Krupinsky, Charles Monasee, Board Members: Jan and Blake Lund, Debbie and Sandy Nogg, Marvin Polikov, Harold Seiner, Noni Jeff Smedlund. Jacque and George Sacks, Nanci and Seiner, Ray R. Simon, Stephen H. Simon, Tracey David Siegel, Roberta and Mike Wisnosky, Usa and Simon, Bill Wasserkrug, Richard Zacharia. Mark Serial. Temple Israel Sisterhood President Noni (Mrs. Hal) Seiner Vice Presidents Executive Sandy (Mrs. Alan) Nogg Ways and Means Wanda (Mrs. Alan) Blotcky Sisterhood Services Pat (Mrs. Maynard) Tatelman Membership Joyce (Mrs. Lee) Schmidman Recording Secretary .......Claudia (Mrs. Marc) Sherman Corresponding Secretary .. .Judi (Mrs. A. David) Goldstein Treasurer Lois (Mrs. Mclvin) Epstein Dues Secretaries Gail (Mrs. Jarold) KohlJ .Anne (Mrs. Barry) Broder Parliamentarian .. .Rosalie (Mrs. Ernest) Saltzman Policy and By-Laws... .Silvia (Mrs. Larry) Roffman Immediate Past President... Joic (Mrs. Ray) Simon

Elected Board olCommissioner! Jack E. Cohen, Sheldon Cohen. Sheila Epstein, dr, Neil Kantor, Jack Levey, Leonard Shcfrcn, A. Richard Wciner, Aron Zeiderman, Norman Zevitz. Board of Commissioners Irving Epstein, David Wine, Suzy Rubin, Anne Katzman, Shirley Berman, Harry Friedman, Bernice Crounse, Jane Cohen, Joe Sokolof, Jay Stoler, Sidney Katclman, Rcvn Iluderman, Esther Wax, Shirley Goodman, Miles Remer, Teddy Lcvine, Dr. Barry Kricsfeld, Harry Schulman, Mrs. Irving Shapiro, Ina Weiner. Past Presidents Joseph Dlenstlrey, Harry Sidman, Maurice Katzman, Dan Gordman, Maurice Katelman, Henry Appcl, Dr. Haskcll Morris, Ernest J. Hochstcr, Paul E. Crounse, Dr. Maurice B. Schwartz, Joseph Klrshenbaum, Dr. James I. Wax, Leon N. Wintroub, William M. Cohen, Dr. Paul A. J. Shyken.

Youth Group President First Vice President Second Vice President Treasurer Secretary Sergeants-at-Arms Chaplain

Tracey Simon Steve Brodkey Becky Cipinko Joanna Simon Marcy Frost Jacki London, Susan Simon, Tom Kasner Dan Marburg

President Mrs. (Esther) James Wax Vice Presidents Fundroising ...... .Ms. Marian Strauss Program .Mrs. (Cheryl) Barry Kricsfeld Membership Mrs. (Simmy) Wayne Slcgel Synagogue Services .Mrs. (Sylvia) Harry Sidman Treasurer Mrs. (Bcdc) Nathan Ostrow Financial Secretaries Mrs. (Ida) Nate Berg Mrs. (Sylvia) Maynard Katzman Recording Secretary Mrs. (Pnyllis) Maurice Schwartz Corresponding Secretaries Mrs. (Ethel) Sam Rosenstein, Mrs. (Ellen) Allen Albln.. Directors Mrs. (Bernice) Don Cohen, Mrs. (Frieda) Izidoro Eiewitz, Mrs. (Tibc) Jay Stoler, Ms. Leah Sicgcl (Continued on Page GO)

Beth Israel Synagogue President Vice President Financial Secretary Treasurer Recording Secretary

Morton L. Glass Manny Goldberg Richard Katzman Bcde Os trow Robert M. Oberman

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A firm and Jewish commitment By Donald Schwartz In bis day-to day working and living experiences, Syd Oaten finds little or no balance line between living an American life and a Jewish one. Nonetheless, this summer's experience concerning the American press's reaction and slanted reporting of the Israeli liberation of Lebanon presented Mr. Osten with conflicts involved in one aspect of American-Jewish life. Mr. Osten's background prepared his for a noholds barred look at the world situation and his reaction to it. The current director of Weight Watchers of Nebraska and Iowa, he flew for the Royal Canadian Air Farce in World War II. At the time Israel, was being founded, he served with the fledgling Israeli Air Force. He ran the British blockade. He ferried human cargo, refugees from European displaced persons camps, to the new country and flew in Israel's "magic carpet' operation, helping to transport the entire Jewish-Yemenite community to Israel. He helped train many of Israel's early pilots, some of whom became leaders in what is today recognized as one of the world's great air forces. As chairman of the ADL-CRC committee Mr. Osten at times receives (anti-Semitic letters and messages. These do not boiherJum as much as the shift in media reporting during this summer's war. The former air force pilot sees this shift in biases a problem for him or any Jewish-American. "Reporters today (July) on television whom I thought were good reporters are seeing (and broadcasting) only certain things. The president of

Syria massacres thousands of his own people and we see and hear none of it. I feel we're getting short changed today by the press. "I guess that's where we seperate the men from the boys. Ordinarily I find no problems. Deep down in my heart, I'm a Jewish-American. But I am a Zionist, committed firmly and Jewishly, (despite what) the reporters are saying on T.V. "Some people say about this thing in Isrscl, 'We could lose our credibility in the world.' I say, 'So what? When did we ever have it? Maybe Die world can't stand Jews being that tall. It tries always to knock us down again. We are, after all, watching a fantastic victory, not that television war we saw." If the current slant in American news reporting were not enough, Mr. Osten exptessed strong

(Continued from Page 23) in literature; he is not even published in Russia, let alone praised as a Jew. • •, "If you speak Yiddish on the street people look at you and you feel Isolated. The Soviet consitulion says everyone in Russia is equal, so there can be no Jews, only Soviets." "Of course that's not the way it works in real life," Janna continued. "No matter how equal Jews are," she said, echoing George Orwell's maxim that in totalitarian societies some people are more equal than others. "They still cannot go to university or have certain Jobs. That was one of the main reasons my family wanted to leave, so that I could go to college. I was able to apply to as many universities as I wanted and be accepted on my own merit." This fall, in fact, Janna entered Notre Dame University to study engineering on a full tuition

fcielings about fellow Jewish-Anericans who might apologize to other Americans for the situations.

Let's face it. Every day that happens a Jew can have some tough times and I lake it to heart. But I'm not going to worry about how I have to look. I say to myself, 'What are they afraid of? Quit being an apologist!' When I read, hear, and see all those little things, it does bother me; but never to the point .where I'm going to get on ny knees and start apologizing. > "The thing is, we've had no friends in the past, we have none today, and we will have none tomorrow." Like all Jewish-Americans, Mr. Osten may walk the tightrope line; but he certainly know where he stands on it.

scholarship from the univcrstiy and a $3,500 Peter Kiewit scholarship for which she was recommended by a special student-faculty committee at Burke High. Janna was asked to exercise her right of free speech to comment on a question which absorbs the interests of American Jews these days: prayer in schools. Coming from a country where religion is forbidden in all facets of public and even private life Janna said she docs not favor religion and prayer in • the classroom. .^v. l' "Pushing religion into schools here is as bad as keeping it out in Russia," said Janna. "Since there is complete freedom to practice religion in the United States, there is no need to stress it in the schools. . "If families want to practice religion and pray, that is good, but they should do it in their own homes and churches."

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September 17.1982

Synagogue schedules and rabbis' messages

A sustained commitment (Continued from Page 52) qualities and unlimited potentials for creativity. It insists that man is "a little lower than the angels", with all the implications which that phrase contains. There are some things in life we cannot change. There are circumstances in our existence over which we have no control. Certain traits are transmitted to us at birth, through the process of heredity, which we carry with us all our lives. We cannot, for example, change the color of our

B'nai Jacob Adas Yeshuron GROSH1IASHANAII Saturday, September 18 Morning service8:45 a.m. Sunday, September 19 Morning service 8:45 a.m. SHABBATSHUVA September 25 Morning service8:45 a.m. YOMKIPPUR Sunday, September 26 KolNidre 6:30 p.m. Monday, September 27 Yiskor 9 a.m.

B'nai Israel Synagogue Council Bluffs

SHABBATSHUVAH Saturday, September 25, 9 a.m. Friday, September 17 skin or the shape of our YOM K1PPUR Evening Services 7 p.m. head. Sunday, September 28 Saturday, September 18 There are other Shachris Morning Ser- Kol Nldre 6:45 p.m. things, however, over Monday. September 27 which we do have com- vices 8:45 a.m. Torah Reading 10 a.m. Shachris 8:45 a.m. plete control. These are acquired patterns of Shofar Services and Torah Reading 10 a.m. Sermgn 11:30 a.m. behavior which we can Sermon 10:30 a.m. change at will. We are not Musaf Services 11 a.m. Yiskor NOON forced to act or behave in Evening Services 7 p.m. Musaf 12:30 p.m. Sunday, September 19 Recess 3:15 p.m. any particular manner. Morning Services same Mincha - Afternoon We are at liberty to services 4:30 p.m. depart from our long-held schedule as Saturday. Kever Ovos (cemetery Neilah 6:30 p.m. patterns of behavior and The Shofar concluding determine for ourselves memorial) services â&#x20AC;˘ our moral and ethical Sunday, September 26,11 the Yom Kippur services direction in life. Freedom a.m. at the Bikur Cholim will be sounded at apof moral choice is a Cemetery. proximately 7 p.m. cardinal principle in Judaism and is the whole of the High Holiday message. The High Holidays are Women in American Religion. Janet Wilson but the beginning of the James, Editor. 1930 University of Pennsylvania Jewish year. They are not Press. 274 p. James has assembled essays and an end in themselves. studies concerned with the various roles of women in They are the compass the U.S. religious history. Many of the studies are that points out the from the pages of the American Quarterly. direction in which we should walk during the Philip Roth, by Judith Jones. New York. Ungar rest of the year. Pub., 1981, 181 p. A biography of the famous and controversial commentator of the contemporary The Staff American-Jewish scene. ROS1I HAS! 1ANAH

New Books

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Synagogue officers

Judaism as a Civilization, by Mordecai Kaplan. Philadelphia. JPS, 198.1.601 pp. In this seminal work Kaplan provides an insightful analysis of the problems of American Jewish life, offering his now famous concept of Judaism as an evolving religious civilization.

THE SPARKLE COMES FROM US, TO YOU

B'nai Jacob Adas Yeshuron President Secretary-Treasurer

Jake Wine William Grodinsky

Beth El Synagogue President Vice Presidents

Kenneth Sacks Dean Frankel Arnold Joffe Howard Ruback Lloyd Roltstcin Howard Kooper Donald Nogg

Secretary Treasurer Past President Board of Trustees

Edward Belgrade, Bobbie Epstein, Helen Epstein, Dr. Paul Finkler, Elizabeth Faier, Joe Ginsberg, Barton Greenberg, Bonnie Horwich, Justin Horwich, Jerry Katskee, Donald Klein, Fran Rod, Earl Siegei, Nancy Skid, Jerold Rosen, Phil Wayne, Carole Widman, Benjamin Wlcsman, Morley Zipursky. Sisterhood President Bobbie Epstein Vice Presidents Administrative..'. Sibby Wolfson Catering Barbara Frankel Cultural Jan Pcrelman Ways and Means Bev Rich Secretaries Corresponding Marcia Itkin Recording Pam Friedlander Financial Mike Block and Darlcnc Golbits Treasurer Marlene Kahn Directors - Sandra Belgrade, Frieda Erman, Hcne Klein, Pam Jacobs, Deborah Rosenthal.

Happy New Year II. Lee Gcndlcr Bud Lohmuiin

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Jewish Pre*»

September 17.1982

In MemoriiHI) 1981-82 5742

A Jewish identity By Donald Schwartz Linda Dunn was born and raised in Omaha in a somewhat unique situation. "I grew up in a religious family. My father was quite orthodox. Yet at th elementary school I attended, I was one of very few Jewish students. I realize now how important it is for children to be around other Jewish people.

the experience was so rewarding.." Interestingly, she said, the majority of her team's members were also Jewish. It presented, in this fashion, one of the clear examples of conflicts and balancing acts in American Jewish life. The debate situation proved to be only one way in which she felt a conflict between her work and her Jewish way of life. Other problems circulated around the High Holy Days.

"It's interesting that when I was growing up, most of my friends were not Jewish. But almost all of my current adult friends are. They are the people I feel most comfortable with."

"In the Omaha public school system, Jewish teachers are not given the holidays off." However, the one conflict helped to offset the other. Because of the extra time she spent in * debate, she received' release time This diverse experience as a child which she used to observe the holidays. and as an adult crystallized for Mrs. It is significant, she pointed out, that Dunn during her experience as a public this balancing of holiday time may school teacher. have stimulated her to live a more For many years, before her own Jewish life. children came along, she served the "When I first got married, I did not community as a secondary school want to keep a kosher home. Although teacher. Her duties included coacing the debate team. It developed that the my husband comes from a very debate tournaments took place on religious background. I did not feel it Friday nights and Saturday mornings. was something I wanted to base the "At first, it didn't seem to matter so marriage on. I could never do it to the much. But afterwards, while we were degree (that his family did). I do keep having the debates, I began to realize I kosher now." couldn't ha ve a Jewish Friday night, or Still, she said that one must continue a Saturday morning. to walk carefully between being "It was a conflict in (he sense that I American and being Jewish. felt badly about it. But it was, after all, "I want my daughter to attend premy job. I realized then how much I school at the Jewish Community missed the Friday night atmosphere. I Center. It's important for her to pick up think I'm glad I'm celebrating them Jewish identity. But as she gets older I now. feel it is not realistic to surround Would she do it again? "Yes, I herself with only Jewish youth. She's would still choose to do that again. The going to find out that not everybody job was wonderful. The challenge and lights candles on Friday night"

Max Abramson Rachel Avigor Arnold A. Baron Doris Bender Mary Benderson David Bernstein Morris Bloom Miriam Blue Fridel Blumenthal Rachel Bohbot Doris Bernstein Irving Brookflteln Michael Jacob Burney Benjamin Civin Josephine Cohen Nathan Cohen Alice Cohn George Cohn Alvin Comlsar David Davidson Hazel B. Degen Luis Diamond Sam Diamond -" Dorothy Hume Dinsmore Leon Dobrofsky Leon DudowiU Donna Epstein Sarah Epstein Louis Falgin Fannie Folk Chiam Byron Farber Maurice Feldman Sandra Feldman

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Dollie Passer Bernard Plotkin Edith Namen Pred Edward Rodman Sam Ratner Nettie K. Robinson Hylda P. Rochman Esther Rosen Betty Rosenblatt Betty Epstein Rosenthal William Roscnvin Meyer Rubin Alan Schwartz Irma B. Schwartz Ronald Schwnrtimon Hilda Segal Ben Shapiro Dr. Irving Shapiro Jake Shkolnick Harold Sicgel David Silvcrman Ida Simon Max Slutsky Malcolm Smith Ruth Sokolof Rose Stein Louis SUss Ernest Streislngcr Mery Susman Frances Tankcnoff Lee B. Teller Sylvia Telpncr Rozalia Tietenbrunner Freddy Walker Rose K. Weiner Doris Weiss Harry Winer Minnie Wolf Gertrude Wolfcon Dorothy L. Yudelson Allen Zalkin Paul Zclinsky

L 'Shana Tova to our relatives and friends in Israel and Omaha. Our wish is peace for Israel and the World.

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By Donald ScbwarU

On the hand...

Jim and Marge Bresel are a friendly young couple. Both pursue promising careers in the city. On a cool, sunny evening we talked on their pleasant patio. Their year old son, Michael, played nearby, occasionally interjecting his own comments into the discussion. On the day of the interview, President Reagan submitted his plan for the involvement of American troops to assist in the evacuation of Palestine Liberation

Organization forces from Lebanon. The events this summer in the Middle East colored our entire discussion. They seemed to bring to the surface conflicts and potential conflicts suffered by Jewish Americans in the world of political reality. One of the major conflicts confronting Jim Bresel concerned the manner in which Israel conducted its campaign to destroy the PLO. Perhaps unknowingly, Bresel used Talmujlic logic technique to present his concerns.

"On the one hand, I see Israel's point of view, that of (their own national) security. But, on the other hand, I feel that life is life-there should be a way for them (the PLO and their families) to go somewhere else. I don't understand why Israel wants to go in killing," Bresel said. The Bresels went on to explain that, although they feel secure as Americans, they fear the adverse publicity and the turn of world opinion that Israel might receive from its incursion into Lebanon.

"You always hope your people will do the right thing," said Jim Bresel. Their concern with Israel and world events extends into the political realities of the American arena. Again, Jim Bresel indicated that the real danger of an American president proposing to send troops in to assist the evacuation of the PLO might represent a shift in American policy toward Israel. The feeling of Jim and Marge Bresel was that such a shift, in light of other domestic con-

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servative trends, could provide some ominous conflicts for American Jews and some harsh realities for the future of American Jewry. Despite these problems and potential problems on the national and international scene, the couple appears to feel quite comfortable and secure in its home and workFew problems of conflict 6eem to exist in cither of their work situations (Jim is vicepresident of his familyowned Midwest Box Company; Marge is an actuary for Mutual of Omaha). "Basically we live in Christian-oriented middle America. Still, a good person is a good person, and we don't feel many problems in our business Interactions." Nonetheless, Jim Bresel was quick to point out that even in Omaha, "I feel more trusting with Jewish people. Whatever it is, 1 feel a bond with them. I'm more at case. "I seem to keep nonJewish associates at an arm's length] I just won't let them get as close to me," Holding non-Jewish associates more or less at arms' length develops at least in part from a , fear of or, even experience with, some aspect of anti-Semitism. Both Bresels, like all Jewish Americans, have felt its sting at one time or another. The Bresels experienced it most during their college careers This fear of or experience with antiSemitism seems (6 present one o! the major aspects of AmericanJewish conflict. It is the weekly, if not daily, reminder (hat, although Jews are part of the American mainstream experience, they remain different. The Bresels, after their college experience, feel that it must be especially difficult in the small towns of Nebraska and other states. Nonetheless, Marge Bresel fecln that "It is the exclusive kind of anti-Semitism (hat is most harmful. I sometimes feel Hint we are isolated here in middle America. That makes me angry and worries me. I don't want to become as complacent as the Jew. of CerTnany'Were."

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September 17,1962

Page 67

Jewish Press

May you and your family have a joyous New Year full of wonderful memories... recorded forever!

Greetings

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An intellectual perspective By Donald 8chwarts Michael Gendler , a native Omahan, is an intelllgent single young man.

He said Us position as .assistant professor of history at the College of Saint Mary allows him a distinct viewpoint. As a scholar of American and Nazi German history, he said be enjoys an in-

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tellcctual perspective of his emotional experience. "It is easy to understand how feelings (of conflict) could exist; but it baa never been a problem for me," Gendler said. In fact, Gendler feels that his American life and his Jewish life compliment each other. Most often, it seems difficult to seperate them. Like any good historian, Gendler distills his feelings through a thesis he has developed: "If one looks at Judaism as a tradition that values human and individual life, then at least a good part of American cultural and political life has been devoted to these same values." Gendler explains that these values include humanitarian concerns, a distinct idealism, and an emphasis on the individual. "I feel mat these traditional values we associate with the United States blend well with Jewish values." Gendler said he feels that as a result of (his blend, American Jewish culture has flourished. In defense of this outlook, he points to trends in literature, art, science, and intellecualism, as well as the clear growth of institutions, such as the Federation. ' It is no surprise then, that Gendler feels a strong loyalty to America; in general and to Jewish American culture in particular. Gendler admits that he is not particularly observant, but again, finds no conflict in his approach. In Gendler's universal view, one can be observant or non-observant and still remain patriotic as an American. "My grandfather, for example, was very observant; yet he was also very loyal politically" to the country. In fact, Gendler feels that, in a true democratic sense, American Jews have had to find their own individual tightrope to walk, "Every individual has to find his or her level of assimilation that they desire." Nonetheless, as Gendler has discovered, the conflict might sneak up on him when he is with other Jewish Americans who are observant. On one occasion, he recalls offending an acquaintance by eating non-kosher foods in her presence.

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This represents an interesting experience. It demonstrates that at times the real conflict between Americanism and Judaism may lurk within the Jewish sub-culture rather than between the subculture and the general American society. Gendler extends his sense of harmony concern with the state of Israel. "I feel strong ties to brad. But I see both as important I identify very strongly with American culture." "I guess what I like most about America is that a person's religious life and his or her social life can be separate from their political life," Gendler said. In Gendler's view, that show Americanism and Judaism at their best, and "I think that is a very good thing."

September 17,1962

You can open the book of hope for thousands of others by paying your pledge to the regular 1983 campaign and making your gift to the Israel Special Fund today. Federation Campap

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TOUFE Prcpued by thm ntliorul United Jewish App<tl u ft Jewiih lifeline pvtnerthip Mrvke for Amerioui Jewish conununities.

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Eisenberg Art Gallery Wolfson Used Cars and Woifson's - U - Save Happy New Year 1308 N.W. Radial Hwy Vi block from Rosebowl A NwwDln>MrHou*« Concept by(h*P«opla«tVinag«lnn NowOjwnAt 130ftAAor-Omaha

04-2528

Tifereth Israel Congregation

(Continued from Page 16> "I was pleasantly surprised when Sissy Katelman agreed to marry me," Miss Katelman and Mr. Silber were married almost eight years ago by Rabbi Isaac Nadoff, of Beth Israel Synagogue. "My sister gave me my Bar Mitzvah tallis for the occasion." Today, the SUbers participate in many facets of Jewish life and enjoy the thrills of travel to far off places. One story they tell is about observing Yom Kippur—not in China, or Europe—but in nearby Lincoln. This was a Saturday and it also was the day of the Nebraska-Iowa game. The SUbers attended services ajt Tifereth Israel Synagogue and were somewha Surprised to see many members of the congregation wearing red clothing. "It's one of those things that bothered me a lot I never have forgotten the experience," Mr. Silber said. Mrs. Silber said that she had a recent experience which could have been a problem. She was attending a friend at a wedding in an Episcopal church. "When the wedding party was called upon to kneel I was not so called upon because my friend had been sensitive to this and had made arrangements earlier for me not to follow suit...If I had been expected to kneel, I wouldn't have, it would have been very uncomfortable for me." Mrs. Silber said that in her own case she had dated non-Jews while living and working in Council Bluffs but had decided that if and when she married, it would be to a Jewish man. Now they are comfortable in their marriage and in their Jewishness, and if the Silbers were writing this final word, they might indeed say, "We are living happily ever after."

May the New Year bring peace,

JS81-82 BIRTHS Dr. and Mrs. Charles Coren Daughter Capt. and Mrs. Stuart Goldstein Son Mr. and Mrs. Bryan Misle Son Mr.andMrs.MarkWallick Son BAR-BAT M1TVA1I Brian Hoffman Windy Mozer DEATH8 Louis Finkelsteln Rebecca Ginsburg Alfred Kaplan Howard Lotman Ben Misle Rose Poska Sarah Poska Nettie Wilson MARRIAGES Lynn Gotsdiner Larry Easterday Nancy Mosow Steven Auslander OFFICERS-CONGREGATION Prai|fcm>v Everett Evnen Vice President Steven Seglin Secretary Steven Schwartzbach Treasurer HemryFeld Trustees Steve Davidson Julius Mlsle Leonard Mozer OFFICERS-SISTERHOOD President Phyllis Dolich 1st Vice President Dory Goodman 2nd Vice President ... Jan Breslow Treasurer Ruth Burke Recording Secretary June Segal Financial Secretary ...BarbSegUn Corresponding Secretary.... LecloSommerhauser Parliamentarian..... Eve Hoffman

FOR, THE NEW YEAR

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JOY

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September 17,1982

The symbols of the season By Rabbi Kenneth WMto Temple B'nai Jeshoran Each year at the High Holy Day season I reflect upon the symbols and themes we Jews have developed to express our spiritual state at this time. I wonder how many worshippers, sitting in the synagogue during our Days of Awe, consider them. With our thoughts

ROSH IIA8HANAH Friday. September 17 Light candles no later than 7:15 p.m. Services ...8p.m. Saturday, September 18 jfcrvices........8:3ua;m.

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actions directed towards self awareness of 33 P * moral and spiritual failures we attempt to concentrate upon uplifting ourselves to a higher moral plain of life, Our sages and rabbis from earlier times wrote our liturgy in symbols reminding us of the King of Kings, Master of the Universe, sitting upon H' s throne dispensing divine justice. With mo crn ^ man's interest in science and his awareness of history and evolution — and with the decline of the aristocracy and kingdoms, modern man may feel that the liturgy is written in an archaic language which docs not retcr or petlaln to him. Were we to write a modern set of prayers expressing our scientific generation, with our familiarity with electronics, computers, and technology, could we continue to express the divine

t0

numon

YizKOR e l e m c n t ot &* holiday' Mincha 515pm wn cn ' was one main Ncilah 7 p m concern our Tckiahi Maariv Havdalah.,' 7:45p.m forefathers? What ad-

°'

Jectives would we choose, to express and convey the majesty and vastness of our God? Take for instance God's concern for man during the Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippur stretch of time. God's concern for man is pervasive throughout our tradition. We know that once having committed an offense to God or man, we have but to amend the wrong action and ask for human and divine forgiveness. It will be forthcoming. If this is so why have we built so much upon the traditions of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur as the season for reflection and repenfence? The importance of the Days of Awe leading up to the finality of Yom Kippur is that the season acts as a magnifying lens to our inner being. We don't take the time in our hurry-up world to think about spiritual matters, to reflect upon our relationships with other human beings, much less do we spend time

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thinking about our relationship with God. The High Holy Days become the symbol, they give us the opportunity, to magnify our Jewish experience, enlarge our faults by bringing them to the focus of our attention. Just as a lens can ignite a fire upon tinder using the focused rays of the sun, the High Holy Days can reignite our Jewish feelings, motivate us to lead moral lives, and develop concern for our fellow man. The symbol of God sitting upon his Throne before the open books of human destiny is an old one. It expresses, once again, God's concern for each of His creatures. One by one we pass before God, in the Midrash, just as sheep pass before the dyes of the shepherd as he counts his flock. Once again, can modern terms and symbols reach the deepest recesses of our hearts with pictures so clear of a concerning Father? (Continued on Page 76)

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September 17.1K2

hi the year 5743 we wish our families, friends, and the community a future of Good Health, Happiness and Peace in the World.

The Society of Survivors Of The Holocaust We Remember in order thai Mankind wi.'l no! forget

Club 56 to Club 78

B'naiB'rith Women of Omaha

oftheJCC Wishes Everyone A Happy New Year

wishes the community a healthy and happy New Year

May you be inscribed for a happy, healthy and prosperous New Year.

"Blessed is God who, delighting in Irfo, has given us life, Happy New Year, Women's American Organization for Rehabilitation Through Training IORTI."

Kalah Franklin Chapter Hatikvah Chapter

Omaha Chapter ORT

American Mizrac hi Women Epstein Morgan Post 260

Shoshana Pioneer Women of Omaha

Jewish War Veterans

and our sister organization in Israel, Na'amat wish the Omaha community and friends in Israel health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

wishes all veterans and the supporting community a happy New Year. supports scholarships & V.A. entertainment _t

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Our Best Wishes for a wonderful New Year

Omaha Section

National Council of Jewish Women

Beth El Synagogue Sisterhood USI

extends its best wishes lo IIID

Jewish community for a hoaltny and peaceful New Year.

Men's Club BILUUSY

The Congregation of Temple Israel

Sincere wishffs (of a happy, healthy, peaceful Nf;w Yew

Beth Israel Sisterhood

wishes its friends of tho Jewish community many long years filled with good health, happiness and love.

SYO Beth Israel Synagogue

|

Best Wishes for a happy New Year

Omaha Chapter Hadassah

Henry M'onsky Lodge

Our best wishes fora happy and healthy New Year.

The Older Adults of the JCC Monday Group

Old-Timers Walk-In, Drop-In Groups

Men's Club Youth Groups

May the New Year bo bright with peace, prosperity and happiness

Omaha B'nai B'rith Men Cornhusker Lodge

Sisterhood Couples' Club

L'Shana Tova Tikatevu

The Jewish Day School 1

wishes everyone in the community a Healthy Happy New Year

L'Shana Tova Tikatevu EdiarBBG M.Z. YoshanahBBG AZA 100, Beber Chapter AZA 1, Mother Chapter AZA 1510, Chaim Weizmann

if

September 17.1962

I

Page 73

Jewish Presi

Jewish organization officers 5743 1982-83 Older Adults President Sally Venger Vice President Meyer Green Vice President-Program Chairman.. .Morris Epstein Recording Secretary Richard Glimmers Financial Secretaries Ann Margolin Ethel Miller Dues Secretary Shirley Wagner Corresponding Secretary Fay Sekar' Treasurer LcahSiegel Reporter RevaOruch Sergeant-at-Arms Al Oruch Historian Connie Mchrtens Sunshine Committee Isodor and Feo Kahn

National Council of Jewish Women Honorary President Lillian Farbcr Honorary Vice President Lois Friedman President . . . . , , Connie Slutsky Vice Presidents Commmunity Services Cheryl Cooper Education Patty Nogg Membership Services '. Sandy Epstein Public Relations Claudia Sherman Ways and Means Linda Patton Treasurer Sandy Kutlcr Assistant Treasurer Arlcne Goodmman Corresponding Secretary Sharon Cipperley • Recording Secretary Cheryl Kricsfeld (Financial Secretaries Cathy Christensen, < Rocky Lewis, Anne Weita, Margie Gutnik, Anne Aroder, J'arliamcntarian & By Laws Jan Schnelderman immediate Past President Ellie Penner ^Directors Corinne Annenberg, ! Bonnie Horwich, Sue Meyers, Vickie Perimeter, f * Dot tie Rosenblum, Susie Silverman.

Old Timers President Vice President Secretary-Treasurer Sunshine Chairman Press Reporter Early Bird Chairman

Maurice Katz Sol Mann Meyer Green DukcDloogoff Henry Stern Norm Korney

Mizrachi Women Kalah Franklin Chapter 1

President . . . . , . , . , . , Mrs. Abe Klcpper Vice Presidents Fund liaising Mrs. Mandell Landsman Mother-In-Israel Mrs. Max Sacks Membership Co-chairman . .Mrs. Morris Franklin ^Treasurer Gayle Wexclman lecording Secretary Mrs. Nate Richards irties Secretary Mrs. Frank Sekar Program Chairman Mrs. Jennie Bear publicity Mrs. Milton Nearcnbcrg Tribute Cards Mrs. Lou Lewis Social Arrangements • Co-Chairman Mrs. Morris Franklin Mrs. Ida Potash Advisors Mrs. Ida Potash Mrs. Morris Franklin Mrs. Mannie Bear /Honorary Advisor Mrs. Isaac Nndoff

Hatikvah Chapter President Charlotte (Mrs. Samuel) Kaplan Vice Presidents Gertrude (Mrs. Jack) Levey, Fannie Sherman Chunovic, Ida (Mrs. Sol) Mann Treasurer Reva (Mrs. Morris) Ruderman Financial Secretary Betty (Mrs. Louis) Levy Recording Secretary Marion Strauss Publicity Chairman .. .Ilcne (Mrs. William) Pachman Advisor Jeanette (Mrs. Isaac) Nadoff

Society of Survivors of the Holocaust President Vice President of Retention

Aron Zeiderman Jack and Mindel Diamond Vice President of Programming and Social Carl and Rachel Rosenberg Treasurer BeUa Eisenberg Secretary Milly Feidman Past Presidents Sam and Magda Fried, Bob and Bea Pappeheimer Jewish Cultural Arts Council Representative Milly Feidman

Happy New Year The Carriage Shop and Cricket West 176 Regency Fashion Court Shopping it tomtihin] ipttiahl ihtKttnVfhihioif Coil

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Jewish Day School BOARD OF DIRECTORS President Vice-President Treasurer Secretary

Margo Riekes Dr. Allan Jacobs Sheldon Cohen .Franclne Altman

Rabbi Nadoff, Rabbi Gonsher, Rabbi Drazen, Paul Cohen, Frank Goldberg, Rabbi Welnstein, Dr. Tom Jaeger, Dr. Michael Katz, Susan Paley, Carol Parsow, Karen Pollak, Rabbi Rosenbaum, Lynne Saltzman, Hanna Schwalb, Nancy Skid, Dr. J. Lewis Yager, Bob Yaffe, Dr. Carl Greenbcrg. Educational Director Harris R. Goldstein Head Teacher Lucille Saunders

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Women's American ORT President Vice President Membership Honor Roll Education Community Affairs Recording Secretary...'; Financial Secretary Treasurer Parliamentarian

Caryn Rifkin Cathy Christensen Linda Dunn Debbie Roitstein Kay Weinstein ..EvyKatz ... .Sandy Bennett Marty Tichauer Sandy Bennett

Zionist Organization of America President Vice-President

Abe Gendler Burton Greenberg

best wishes for a happy, healthy new year

LOVE Steering Committee Ann Bclmont, Sandy Nogg, Helen Rifkin, Gerre Hoffman, Helen Shukert, Lee Jane Parsow.

noddle development co.

Pioneer Women/Na'Amat Shoshana Chapter President Vice-Presldents Membership Fundraising Treasurer Recording Secretary Corresponding Secretary Sergcant-at-Arms

Marilyn Tipp Edith Rogert Sindie Katzkee Pearl Rosenberg Mildred Feidman Lillian Guss EdenOstravich

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Jewish Press

All American Match and Specialty Co., Inc. Happy Now Year from

Bud and Joan Bernstein

Best Wishes for a I Happy, Healthy New Year]

o

I Best Wishes for a £ a Happy, Healthy New Year 9 O

Richards, Rlekos, Brown & Zobln, P.C. Ynla Richard) Sloven J. Rlekot Paul M Drown Harold M. Zabln Robed I Bebor MichftdJ. flubach John P. Pogga

B'nai B'rith Men Cornhusker Lodge

Happy New Year

President Vice President

David Deanna

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Jewish War Veterans

So Heating — Cooling — Electrical Sala$ and Service 391-3316 or 341-2M1 •322Mapl«St. l*roy Stuehm, Owner

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Hadassah President Sandra Kohll Vice-Presidents Education Sally Appel « Fund-Raising Dorccn LcmerandSusie Rubin 0 Local Services.. Corinne Levin o Membership JeanDuitch Recording Secretary Sherry Fletcher Corresponding Kate Kirshenbaum Financial Secretary Phyllis Newman Treasurer ...... «: ?'. Beverly Rich Parliamentarian Anne Lcvinson and Marilyn Pred

B'nai, B'not Mitzvah • Holiday Greetings 5742 1981-82 BAR MITZVAIf

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LINCOLN

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Best Wishes for a Happy and Healthy New Year

OWES m m Holiday Greetings

O

Attorneys at Law

Paul Altman 9 Howard Welner % Lambcrto Victtorica Ol'; Sam Fried* Financial Secretary.'. Marvin Abramson o Leonard Schultz , STEWART KAHN & COMPANY / Treasurer Gerald Meyer ' ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR / Warden Chaplain Ron Gordon' 833 Meadow Rd. 333-8399 Stewart Larry Trustees Alvin Abramson, Omaha. No. 333-8403 Chicklo Jim Wax, Steve Riekes, Frank Goldberg, John An-1 derson, Bob Hurwitz, Stan Krieger Bob Lohrmsn Karen Franks 1408 Harney Dorre!l Vincent Commander Donald B. Strauss o CymS Johnson Sr. Vice Commander Sol Mann 0 Jr. Vice Commander Keith Pcltz 0 Quartermaster Nate Marcus e Adjutant SidKatJcman Chaplain ". Dr. J. Milton Margolin agency, inc. Judge Advocate Sam Kaplan Travel With Us Tho Tower Way Service Officer Isadore Lewis Omaha Tower Eldg. 1129 So. Tlnd Sf. Americanism Officer Sol Lagmon Sulla 1M JU-JJ69 Membership Chairman Keith Peltz Program Chairman Isadore Lewis Historian Don Strauss

Marlene and Stewart Kahn Bob & Tom

o 0 0

Jewish organization officers 5743 1982-83

Mark Bailcn Jonathan Bloch Marty Cohen Michael Cohen Joey Feldman Joshua Finklcr Jay H. Gordman Dennis Hyman Darrin Kader Scott A. Katskec Jeffrey A. Kavich David A. Kenyon Eric Konigsberg Tim Kushner Scott Meyerson Todd J. Mogil Todd Olsen Anthony H. Okun Geoffrey A. Pearlman Bradley Pickel David J. Rosen James R. Simon Michael Shrago J a y LrSlusky

Steven Smith Grant Sussman

BATM1TZVAII Laura Brodkcy Melinda T. Dloogoff Melissa Epstein Nann Gitnick Jodi Grcenberg Lisa J. Hoberman Robin L. Hoberman Beth A. Hornstein Michelle Kantor Sheryl Kantor Wendy Katzman Jill E. Kohn Karen G. Kully Heidi Meyerson Lisa Rosenberg Patrice Schmidman Melissa Stern Lynn Veitzcr

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Sol S. Pnrscw

Steven Parsow

David Parsov/

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A WISH FOR HEALTH & HAPPINESS FROM THE SHERMANS LOUISE, LEO ELLIE, MIKE&TIFFANI "Tell 'em Trifi Sent You"

Combelt Region BBG N'siah (Pres.) S'ganit (V.P.) Katvanit (Sec.) Cisborit (Treas.) Aym Chavarot

Marcy Frost .Mallory Ratner .Dana Nogg Joanna Simon Wendl Rosenblatt

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N'siah (Pres.) S'ganit (V.P.) Mazkirah (Corr. Sec.) Katvanit (Rcc. Sec.) Gizbarit (Treas.) Amy Chavarot Amy Chavarot

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Happy New Year

Mallory Ratner Wendy Rosenblatt Julie Wax Andie Gordman Wendi Rosenblatt .Amy Katzman Cindy Lehr

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A Very Happy New Year To You and Yours

Godol (Pres.) S'gan (V.P.) Mazkir (Sec.) Gizbor (Treas.) Moreh (RushCh.)

DaveCohen Scott Tatelman Marc Brodkey David Anderson Eric Tatelman

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Jeff Kirshenbaum Alan Widman David Kaslow Randy Greenberg .Tom Kahn Steve Goldberg

Sam Beber AZA No. 100 Godol (Pres.) S'gan (V.P.) Mazkir (Sec;) Gizbor (Treas.) Moreh (RushCh.) Moreh (RushCh.) Moreh Rush Ch.)

Marc Brodkey David Anderson Kevin Juro BruceKaiman AlanBreslow DaveCohen .Craig Lerner

Douglas County Bank & Trust Co. Mil N.W t*J I I I * . * . (Wu.N.t™l. MICH, ( « l l III-UIO

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GREETINGS Represented by J Brook strin Lo.ji5Fcdm.in LroBranrf •

Jor; Gtrsr, Piii.hr*> GuiJ AindtttRmnnan

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KevinSaltzman Hubert Ban Adam Wagnor Jeff Plotkin Bill Wiesman Robert Lewis Dan Baker

Adult Board of Directors Chairman .Dr. James Wax Vice Chairman Larry Herman Recording Secretary Toby Forbes Corresponding Secretary . . . .Maxine Kirshenbaum Treasurer ..Leanne Goldberg

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Laurie Herman SusieFellman Robyn Epstein Dana Nogg MargoHackel Tracy Muskin

MZ Yoshanah BBG No. 2053

TSMAN

Page 75

BBYO 5743 1982-83

IHEIDEN IRON &METAL CO. 1515 "N" Street

Jewish Press

,. •y^^:~rrr~-zr~'r:^TT^r'T:"^'^^^7T^

wish all of our trionds and acquoinloncos a vory happy, hoalthful and peaceful Now Yoor 5743. May it ba a year when wo coch coma cloior 16 pooto, end psojecomma lisn Vitro*!.'

Wishing you a year of Health and Happiness IJ erry Rosen

Tom Bernstein

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m e »outh 105th ttreet omalM. nebfesto FR£0

New Books

Happy New Year

Studies In American Jewish History, by Jacob Rader Marcus. Cincinnati. Hebrew Union College Press, 19S3.255 p. Essays in this volume constitute a history of the American Jew from the earliest days to the present moment

HAUSS

To My Friends and

The Hebrews in America, by Isaac Markens. Arno Press. Reprint edition 1975. (cl888) 352 p. (The Modern Jewish Experience). This volume represents the first attempt to assemble information on the whole range of Jewish life in the United Stateshistorical, military, governmental, commercial, religious, biographical, a&sociational and charitable.

Our best wishes for a very HAPPY ROSH HASHANAH

Nebraska Kosher Meat Market

Customers

DUND1! TAILOi SHOP

Dave and Joe A Profile of Kansas City Jewry. Mid-America's Promise. Kansas City: JCFGKC, 1982, 405 pp. The fascinating story of the Jewish community of Kansas City is told in a series or illuminating historical studies. The Jews of the West, by Moses Rischin, (ed). California: AJHS, 1978,156pp. This book deals with the lives of Jews on the West Coast of America.

558-5262

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Wishing you a HAPPY NEW YEAR 'Omaha Ambulance SERVICE. IMC.

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Jewish life in America: Historical Perspectives, by Gladys Rosen, ed. New York: Institute of Human Relations Press of the American Jewish Committee, KTAV Publishing House, 1978, 198 p. Eleven essays by outstanding scholars and writers provide Important insights into the interaction of Jewish values and American freedoms, and the special impact of America on the Jewish community, its life and its institutions. The Jewish Soul on Fire, by Esther Jungreis. New York: Morrow, 1982. 242 pp. Jungreis, the "Jewish Billy Graham", talks about her main mission to restore the traditional Jews values of faith. My Voice Was Heard. National Council of Jewish Women. New York: KTAV, 1981, 278 pp. This book highlights the specific aspects of the history of the religious evolution of the American Jewish Woman.

2911 " Q " 8 t

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May the New Year bring you health, happiness and peace

-temp Rep^r Pcraoa) Attsntian in Vow Setectiara

BARBARA SERPAN

OMAIBt,KEaiH

Sheldon and Marcia Kushner

LINCOLNLAND CARPET CO. 211 South 84th Svttt / Lincoln, Nt. 68610

Mr. and Mrb. Norman Afaraham&on and family extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New-Year. May tlw New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Louis Albert May the New Year Hring health, luppinesi, peace and prosperity to everyone. Henry and tially Appcl.

health be tJiarcd by all our family and friends in the New Year. Frances and Norman liall .Mr.und.Mn>.l'lilUpll.Uat( ui&h all their relatives and friends health, liappineK> and peace in the New Year.

fora

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Wishes the Jewish Community a Healthy, Happy New Year .

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New Year Greetings

Mr. and Mrs. Sam T. Herman wiU) all their relatives and friends hcall)), happiness and pence in the New Year.

.MiJl and Ksliicr Illoom ' wish the New Year blessings of good health, - happiness, peace, and May the blessings of peace, prosperity to aU of our relatives and friends. contentment and good

UtCQULKSUSMOBS

Best Wishes

(Continued from Page 71) The modern prayers poetry and magnificence we read in synagogue of our literary and today reflect the concern liturgical heritage while of maintaining the divine successfully mixing with to human relationship' in it the new contemporary modern idiom. As y e sty. experiences of our people together in the synagogue In modern terms. Then let us allow, our minds to can we perceive more dwell over the prayers as deeply what makes us I* we read ancient and Jews. modern verse. We will As we join in find that using modern s y n a g o g u e worship terminology and concepts together may we pray can, indeed, explain, that the Newi Year 5743 O describe, and even will bring health, hap0 glorify our relationship piness, and success to all 0 with God. We must be of our families, friends, 0 careful to retain the past neighbors, and nation.

Personal Greetings

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BEST WISHES FOR A HAPPY NEW YEAR

The symbols of the season WEATHERCRAFT ROOFING CO.

Zena & Bennett Rshbain Barbara & Allen Chandler

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£ Personal Greetings May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone, (ieorgla, Uiane and, U Uogdanoff

S ol & Syl viq S chwartz wish their relatives, friends and clients a very Happy New Year

Mr. and Mm. Mac Urossman wish all their relatives and friends from far and near, health, happiness, peace and good cheer for a Very Happy New Year.

Scttwcirfz Insurance Agency

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity lo everyone. Mm. Max Ilrcslow-Davld Yale and Ida llalperln and Slobodlsky family extend warm greetings and good wishes Dr. and M n . Alfred VV. to all for a happy, healthy, tlrody and family extend prosperous New Year. warm greetings and good wishes to all (or a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year. and Morton Ives wish for a New Year with health, happiness, peace, contentment and prosperity for all. May the New Year bring health, happiness, and peace to all my dear friends and everyone in our community. Kannle Sher- Mr. and Mrs. Kdward Kuhn and family extend man Oiunovic warm greetings and good Mr. and Mrs. Nate Cooptr wishes to all for a happy, and family extend warm healthy, prosperous New greetings and good wishes Year. to all for a happy, healthy; Sarah, Jeffrey, Ton I and prosperous New Year. Harry Kulman, of Nor' thridge, California, wish all Harold and Mcrriain their friends and relatives foojicriiiun wish ail their health, happiness and relatives and friends peace in the New Year. health, happiness and peace in the New Year. Joe, Maxlne, Jeff, Susie, and Debbie Kinhenbauni wish all their relatives and Iriends health, happiness t'oiigrrstiman llul and (.'in- and peace in the New Year. d) Daub and family extend warm greetings and good All my best wishes for your wishes to all lor a happy, health and prosperity in the healthy, prosperous New New Year. Hob Kerrey candidate for Governor of Year. Nebraska Kormer Omahan, having returned lo home town to Abe and Ituth Klupprr wish live, wishes in the Jewish all their relatives and frienNew Year, health, hap ds a New Year of Health pincss, and peace to and Lasting I'eaoc. peoples ol i;ood will. May the New Year bring Jncqur llolgoft health, happiness, peace To our lunuly and all our und prosperity to everyone. friends: May the New Year Sadie S. Ktrfin bring you all that you may llcrllia Kolnick WIKII lor. I'eaeo, health and Mrs. huppincss to all. Mr. and wishes all her relativesand friends health, happiness Mr*. David Uvorfclti and peace in the New Year. Ur. and Mr*. Abraham U. Fulcr wish all their May the New Year bring relatives and friends health, happiness, peace health, happiness and and prosperity to everyone. Gertrude and Norman Korpeace in the New Year. uey

H

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MAYFAIR TEXTILES, INC JACK E. COHEN MARV BROOKSTEIN 1123 Howard 346-5388

Our Beit Wishes to All

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Ida uiid Irving l-'urbrii and family extend warm greeting* and good wishes lo all lor a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year.

2830 "O" Street

May the sound of the Shofar Usher a Year of Health

May the blessings of peace, May the blessings of peace, contentment and cood contentment and good health be shared by all our health be snared by all our family and friends in the family and friends in theNew Year. Margie, Sclh New Year. Mr. and Mm. and Jacob Levy Alurrl (iarber May the New Year bring Mr. and Mr*. A.H.Ucndler health, happiness, peace and family extend warm and prosperity to everyone. and Kotelle greetings and good wishes Saul to all lor a hnppy, healthy, l.llxnvtikl and family prosperous New Year.

and Peace

M

May this New Year bring you health, happiness, and the lullillmcnt of all your wishes.Krllile MulatJioik

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity. Klly, Hob. Andifund Jay <iurdiiuii

.Morris, Itutli, Itoberl and Alan Mallne extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year,

Mr. and .Mm. <iary (>r<in» wish all their relatives and friend* health, happiness and peace In the New Year.

-Sol and Ida Mann wish all their relatives and friendb health, happiness and peace in the New YearT

731-2875

J\sbonah

Mr. and Mrs. Sam Kullcr and Dennett wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. The (ioodniaiiH. Alan. Gloria, Jot! and Pally

Omaha

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September 17,19B2

Personal Greetings

A Happy New Year Les and Jan Schneiderman

SupptywQ Inslitulion and Restaurant Food Sovice Needs 4330 SOUTH 102ND STREET, OMAHA, NEBRASKA 68177

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Happy New Year ~M*tt th» Crvdkry Dor* • • • *"—' dl*mond»~

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Nebraska and Iowa

May Die New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Judy, Jerry and I>au Marburg

Mr. and Mr*. Main Sack* wish all their relatives and Imnds health, happiness and peace in the New Year,

May the blessings ol peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends' in the New Year. Mr. and Mr*. Nate .Marcus

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Mr*. rharlr* SalUman May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Mr. and Mr*. Sy Stlilifidrr

May the blessings ol peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Dr. and Mr*. J. Dr. and Mrs. Maurice U. Milton Margolin SclmarU and family extend warm greetings and The .Stanley Mltflirll good wishes to all (or a hapFamily wishes all of its py, healthy, prosperous friends a healthy, happy, New Year. peaceful New Year. May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace, and prosperity to all our May the blessings ol peace, friends in Umaha and at O) • contentment and good futl Arli. Itarry. Valerie, health be shared by all our and Brian Stldman

family and friends in the New Year. Morrh and Kent Nadler

May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. /Una, Marty and Itaclicl Shuktrt

a/asm

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May the blessings of, peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our We wish you all a very hapfamily and friends in I IK; py and healthy New Year. New Year. Mr. and Mr». Irv and Sutlt Singer MlkeOrioHiM May the blessings of peace, May the New Year bring contentment and good health, happiness, peace health be shared by all our and prosperity to everyone. family and friends in the New Year. Mr. and Mr*. Aland KevaOracb Dkk Splrgal and Family May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Bob and Bea fappenhelroer May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Warren and Lorraine KUiman I'cckl*r . Mr. and Mr*. Melvin I'tolkfn and family extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year. Mr. and Mm. Morton I'lotkin wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

R Mr. and Mr*, liruneU Itaduziner and family extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous . New Year. May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Gary and I'arjn Itifkin, Laura and Jennifer Mr. and .Mrs. Joseph Itollstcln wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year. May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Oorgr, Jacqur

Mr. and Mr*. William Susman and family extend warm greetings and good wishes to all for a happy, healthy, prosperous New Year.

May the blessings of peace, contentment and good health be shared by all our family and friends in the New Year. Mr. and Mr*. Walter Tichaurr Ur. and Mr*. Steven Tlpu and Family wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year.

v May the New Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Mr*. Sally Venger

w May the New Year bring health, happiness, and theh joy of lasting friendships.^ Marty, Marilyn, Marc, and Mitchell Warren .

New

Mr. and Mr*. Harry Wri»»man wish all their relatives and friends health, happiness and peace in the New Year. May the New; Year bring health, happiness, peace and prosperity to everyone. Ihr lien Wbiila Family

We want to extend New Year greetings to the congregation ol lietii Israel and to Kabbi and Mrs. and Jfioofi Sji In Nadolf ami to Onlor Keltman. New Year greetings May the New Year bring also' to AUI. and (he health, happiness, peace Cultural Arts Committee. and prosperity lo everyone. .Mr. and Mr», Arun /eider.Mr*. Ida Sarkt-. "nran :

COMMERCIAL LITHOGRAPHING CO. 3716 Leavcnworth Street Omaha

September 17,1962

HAPPY

NEW YEAR

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HAPPY

Jewish Press

NEW

Page 79

YEAR 1

SanatarCt Mrs, Hosgland

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New Year

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^ ytjur fowd ones, 6e$t. wishes for /»>ecef // / / hppiness throughout the cohingyear

Jewish Press

S«pfember 17. 1982

. :.A

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