Issuu

“CYCLE”

BARLEE SQUARE JESSLYN CHUA

Design Strategy Summary

Climate change has and will be a major challenge for everything and everyone if nothing is done to mitigate the dire consequences of it. It has resulted in an increase in surface temperature in Beautfort Street. This design aims to alleviate the negative impacts of climate change by targeting 3 main areas namely, heat, water and food. Firstly, vegetation has been shown to significantly reduce surface temperatures. This is done by simultaneously absorbing sunlight and shading hard surfaces, thus reducing the amount of heat that is absorbed and radiated. The plot of area that can potentially be revegetated includes small areas such as building setbacks and sidewalks. The presence of greenery has been shown to attract a higher number of potential customers. Secondly, groundwater stores have been gravely affected by climate change. An ideal solution would be to recycle storm and grey water, to water the vegetation in the area. This creates a positive feedback loop. Lastly, food literacy has been an epidemic of gargantuan proportions in the young. 1 in 5 children have absolutely no idea where their food comes from. Childhood obesity has been on the rise as well. Childhood obesity has a significant correlation to obesity in adulthood. Obesity is a leading cause in many degenerative diseases. A prospective proposal would be to include a community garden. Residents who reside in the vicinity would sow and nurture fruits and vegetables of the season. This provides opportunities for children in the area to learn more about the origin of food. Community gardens also provide a strong sense of belonging.

Table of Content 1. Heat Analysis 2. Water Analysis 3. Food Analysis 4. Heat Strategy Precinct Scale 5. Water Strategy Precinct Scale 6. Food Strategy Precinct Scale 7. Barlee Square Analysis 8. Barlee Square Strategy 9. Physical Sketch Model

HEAT ANALYSIS

Source: Ruli Zhang, Phase 01, LACH4424, 2020

Overall Green Percentage Throughout the Years

An increase of greenery percentage seen from 2009 to 2018. Surrounding parks around Beaufort Street are higher in greenery percentage and plots of land along Beaufort Street has a decrease in greenery percentage, probably due to urbanization where vegetations were removed to make space for shops and residential buildings.

Urban Heat Island Mapping An example of From Road, Adelaide Trees use solar energy to drive photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Leaves and branches provide shade thus reducing the exposure of urban surfaces to solar radiation

Lincoln Street

Mary Street

The difference between the two residential streets from the number and density of tree canopy found in Mary St compared to Lincoln St. Rows of fig trees allows a cooler surrounding temperature by reflecting heat and providing shade to users in Mary St

Canopy Percentage of Private and Public Trees vs Hard-scape More public trees planted along roadside but lesser trees seen at residential areas - Mary Street.

More private trees grown around residential areas but not many public trees were planted along roadside - Chelmsford Road.

Ideal tree canopy ratio. Rows of trees to provide shade along the roadside. Residential tress to reduce urban heat - Clive Road.

CONSTRAINTS ANALYSIS ON URBAN HEAT Knowing the dimensions of street size, traffic volume, verge and car park areas. In search of spaces to re-vegetate. Narrowing road width with lower traffic volume in making space for trees and shrubs. Thus reducing Urban Island Heat.

Macro Circulation Lake Street

Mereny Lane

Railway Parade

Source: Cross Sections Yulou Bei, Phase 01, LACH4424, 2020

Micro Circulation BICYCLE

BUS

CAR

Lane-ways and Shared Spaces No first priority for either vehicle or pedestrian. They are both equal as there is no clear indication on vehicular and pedestrian pathway. The alley is a shared pathway between both vehicular and pedestrian

1:6500 in A2

Pedestrian pathway located alongside with a row of cafe shops, allowing easy access. Wide footpath.

Shared pathway along Mereny Ln.

Accompanied with human to understand the width of road

A road bumper to reduce speed of car

Shared pathway along Mereny Ln with road bumper

Shared pathway along Mereny Ln

Shared pathway along Tramway La

Continuous shared pathway along Mereny Ln.

Shared pathway along Kaata La

Extended Road from Beaufort Street

St Albans Street along the residential areas are wider compared to Mary St.

Residential pathway along Mary Street

Typical Residential Street Shared Spaces

Streets extending out from Beaufort Street are residential areas where there is a clear separation between residential footpaths and car lanes. Roadside parkings can be found along the street of residential areas as well, in both direction.

Beaufort Street

The busiest street, having clear separation between cars and pedestrian, for safety precautions. Having a clear bus lane to avoid traffic jams.

Pedestrian pathway located alongside with a row of cafe shops, allowing easy access. Wide footpath.

Typical Beaufort Street

1:6500 in A2

Existing Verge and Car-parks

1:6500 in A2 Source: Zoe Zhang, Phase 02, LACH4424, 2020

WATER ANALYSIS

Annual Rainfall Rate of annual rainfall around Beaufort Street is higher than the surrounding areas of 820mm to 829mm. 770mm - 779mm

790mm - 799mm

810mm - 819mm

830mm - 839mm

780mm - 789mm

800mm - 809mm

820mm - 829mm

840mm - 849mm

Monthly Rainfall

Topography and Water Flow

How water sources change overtime Population 1.5 million

2 million

2.5 million

Average inflow into dams 13 Bl

46 Bl

92 billion liters

Water supplied 275 Bl

285 Bl

318 billion liters

Dams 8%

10%

32%

Groundwater 31%

40%

61%

Desalination 7%

48%

53%

Groundwater replenishment 2% 8% 2000

Scale 1: 150,000

Scale 1: 25,000

2019

2030

Scale 1: 1000

Geology, Perth’s Water Supply and Outages

Where does Perth Water Come From?

Soil samples indicate uniform structure around the stretch of Beaufort street. An increase number of upcoming water outage will be allocated near the denser city region in 2020. Replenish Groundwater

Current Water Outage

Groundwater

Upcoming Water Outage

Bassendean

Cannington

Karrakatta

Cottesloe

Herdsman

Southern River

Cannington

Swan

Quindalup

Desalination

Vasse

Groundwater Dams Groundwater replenishment Historic Wetlands and Existing Parks Historic wetlands were connected together, creating a stream where water flows down towards the Swan River. Several existing parks and open green spaces can Historic Wetlands

Existing Parks and Green

Scale 1: 25,000

Scale 1: 150,000

Drainage Piping

Perth Groundwater system. How Groundwater works

Groundwater availability in 2016

Reduction of groundwater in 2020

Scale 1: 150,000

FOOD ANALYSIS

Function of the buildings Cafes & restaurants

Food shops

Retail

Commercial Services

Office

Commercial Facilities

Healthcare

Education

Hair and Skin Care

Theatre

Vacancy Cafes & restaurants Food shops Retail Commercial services Office Community facilities Healthcare Education Hair and skin care Theater Scale 1: 6500 in A2

Source: Zixuan, Phase 02, LACH4424, 2020

Heat Strategy - 30 Years Later Revegetating residential streets with trees in providing shade, thus reducing urban heat island effect. Removing excessive hardscape along streets and verges, replacing them with shrubs and tree plantings. `

Scale 1: 7500 in A2

Present (2020)

Future (2050)

Heat Strategy - Overall revegetation of Beaufort Street

Focusing on Private land owners on setback buildings and Governement public parkings

Heat Strategy - Opportunities in revegetating setback buildings

Scale 1: 6500 in A2

Heat Strategy - Opportunities in revegetating setback buildings NAB Government Carpark along Beaufort Street Revegetating a public carpark to reduce the surface percentage of hardscape. Also influencing private carpark owners to take up this idea.

Typical scene of Beufort Street Planting shaded tree in the median of Beaufort Street. As trees are being restricted along the side due to bus lanes, shrubs or edible fruits, vegeables and herbs can be planted alongside as well.

Water Strategy - Precedent Review of Swales Streets

Verge

Carpark

Seattle, Street Edge Alternatives Project

Kronsberg, Hannover, Germany

Sheffield, Grey-to-Green Corridor

Singapore, Botanic Gardens

France, Lyon

Pennsylvania, Allen Street

Sheffield, Grey-to-Green Corridor

Pennsylvania, Black Rock Road

France, Lyon

Singapore, Margaret Drive

Thames Street, England

L.A. Zoo’s New Watershed-friendly Parking

Water Strategy - Typical Dimmensions of Bioswales Implemented

Hybrid Bioretention Planter

Bioretention Swale

Biofiltration Planter

3 types of swales will be planted around Beaufort street and the residential areas. Bio-filtration swales will be placed along the residential areas to collect grey water from houses and recycling them into usable water for watering vegetation along Precinct.

Scale 1: 7500 in A2

Water Strategy - Residential Streets in Beaufort Street Precinct

St Albans Ave (street with median)

1:150 in A3 1:150 in A3

Chatsworth Street (street without median)

1:150 in A3 1:150 in A3

Water Strategy - Scenarios on St Alban Avenue 30 years later

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

1:200 in A3

Having surveys on residential areas on whether they would like to have a bioswale situated infront of their housing. These bioswales will then be able to recycle greywater from residential housings, thus reusing these water for better purposes, such as watering the vegetation or transported downwards to Swan River 3 Options given to Residentials: 1. Full Biofiltration Swale infront of residential building 2. Half Biofiltration Swale, Half Roadside Parking 3. Full Biofiltration Swale but a driveway for incoming car from the residential garage

1:150 in A3

Water Strategy - Residential Stormwater Collection Zone

Clarence Street

1:150 in A3 1:150 in A3

Carpark at Grosvenor Road

1:150 in A3

Food System Scenarios

1:150 in A3

1. Edible Green Wall on laneways 2. Grape Vines on on top of laneways, providing shade and food 3. Community Street Garden, thus encouraging residents to have their own agriculture plot in their backyard in the future 4. Intercropping. Fertilizers from chicken 5. Bee farm for organic sugars

Food Strategy - Volunteer Opportunities Ongoing Instagram Program such as hashtag #TransformingUrbanEdge with edible garden plots. People showcasing the food that they have harvest.

Permaculture volunteer groups and on going pro-grammes can be found in Western Australia

Popular #BeaufortStreet and #EdibleFlowerRecipes in Instagram. Understanding what the public looks forward to when coming to Beaufort Street. Majority are Art, Food and Flowers.

Community Street gardens allows people from all ages and walks of life to come together as one. Having volunteer activities that brings back to the community of Beaufort street as well as educating children from young about the important of food.

CYCLE JESSLYN CHUA

Context

1:200 in A3

Character and Inventory

1:200 in A3

Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)

1:200 in A3

Current Uses and Users

Sun Pattern at Barlee Square without vegetations 6am

8am

2pm

4pm

5pm

6pm

1:200 in A3

Topography of Barlee Square Existing contours shows the gradient flow of water that travels downwards to Barlee Square. Resulting to a collection point of stormwater.

Plants & Art

Character

Bad

Good

Instagram Worthy Alfresco laneway. Attracting tourist and public. Water Play area for family, kids or adults to just deep their feet in the water.

1:200 in A3

Open Lawn, a place where people are able to bond together. String lights in keeping up the night life. Events, Music Busking can be held in the open lawn

1:200 in A3

A-A Cross Section

Main Entrance of Barlee Square “Cycle”, looking from Modus Coffee Cafe. Attracting the crowd towards Barlee Square through softscape plantings, creating a sense of welcoming and ashpalt grafitti art that seeps into Barlee Square.

1:200 in A3

B-B Cross Section

Overall Section of Barlee Square. Showing the different zonings and activities happening across Barlee Square B

1:200 in A3

Water Play Area

1 1 1

1. Native Edible wildflower located throughout Barlee Square

Tropaeolum majus

Erodium cicutarium

Fuchsia sp.

Solanum aviculare

Lantana camara

Oenothera biennis

Romulea rosea

Open Lawn

1. Plumeria rubra

2. Symphytum officinale

3. Agonis flexuosa

4. Persea americana

5. Delonix regia

Alfresco with Propagation planter boxes alongside suitable for handicapped users

2 3

1. Softening arches with climbers

Vitis

2. Propagation zone and herb plantings

Ocimum basilicum

Matricaria chamomilla

3. Dried Native Edible Pressed Flower Table

Symphytum officinale

Cymnopogon sp.

By Community Volunteer members of Barlee Square

Seasonal Agricultural plot for community volunteers and the public

1. Row of fruit trees along pathway Removing the fences that hinders the connection between Barlee Square and Residential Area. Agriculture vegetation along the laneways encourages residential people and the public to volunteer in the community garden Prunus persica

Citrus x limon

Seasonal Fruits and Vegetables Calendar for Barlee Square Agriculture Plots Vegetables

Fruits

Different types of agricultural crops were planted for each seasons. Crops will then be harvested and in return new “in-season” crops will be planted. Cycle repeats annually.

Avocado

Apricot

Banana

Blueberry

Beetroot

Broccoli

Carrot

Chilli Blooming of Fruit Trees during Spring season. Attracting the community, public and tourists.

Fig

Cherry

Fuji Apple

Grapes

Cabbage

Cucumber

Eggplant

Garlic

Cherry Tree (Prunus avium) Grapefruit

Guava

Kiwi

Lime

Kale

Lettuce

Spring Onion

Peas

Mango

Passion fruit

Peach

Strawberry

Potato

Pumpkin

Radish

Sweet Corn

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Peach Tree (Prunus persica)

Avocado (Persea americana)

Seasonal Calendar

Cherry (Prunus avium) Grape (Vitis) Lime (Citrus x aurantiifolia) Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis) Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Chilli (Capsicum frutescnes) Kale (B. oleracea var. sabellica) Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum) Pumkpin (Cucurbita)

Apple Tree (Malus domestica)

Physical Sketch Model of Barlee Square “Cycle”

“CYCLE” BARLEE SQUARE