2021 Issue#1 State of the Philippines

CONTENTS

03

CORE TEAM

04

EDITOR'S NOTE

05

PANDEMIC IS MORE THAN A HEALTH PROBLEM

15

RESEARCHERS AND THEIR STUDY

29

APPENDIX

CORE Team Project Chairman

Assistant Project Chairman

Writers

Graphic Artist

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PHOTO SOURCE: https://businessmirror.com.ph/2019/04/18/beyondthe-data-what-does-being-poor-in-the-phl-mean/

A

s developed countries celebrate their victories against the debilitating covid19, Filipinos remain overwhelmed the the tales of those living in shanty towns shed light to the everyday horrors of braving the pandemic yet surprisingly, no one bothered to bat an eye.

Undoubtedly, everyone presumed that Filipinos, being the reputable image of resiliency across the globe, could withstand even a devastating plague.

From surviving incessant typhoons to earthquakes and other calamities for decades, Filipinos have long set the parameter of exemplifying resilience.

Just imagine living with the trauma of losing your home and your loved ones during the Typhoon Yolanda, even children learned to make ends meet, wandering in the streets for days with an empty stomach.

Dreadfully, we focused on getting something out from them like their stories, to impact the lives of others yet what do they get from us?

There is nothing wrong with featuring their lives on television, yet it seems that instead of getting the help that they deserved, the platform only develops a culture of undermining it.

The pandemic may be a health crisis, yet its effects stretches far, affecting more than just the Physical well-being of a person.

A study entitled, “Filipino Families in Slum Communities and their Tales of Survival in Times of Pandemic: An Exploration of Wellness Dimensions” by Jem Cloyd M. Tanucan and Marlon T. Bojos, seeks to probe 7 other wellness dimensions affected in the pandemic apart from the physical dimension.

What insight do we get from their stories?

Is it only for inspirations sake or does their grim state calls us to aid to their sufferings?

Moreover, the pandemic has yet again proved an instrument for people to create tons of documentary stories featuring the life of the disadvantaged coping from the effects of monthlong lockdown with their livelihood and safety at risk.

Now this begs another question: Is the media using their stories to inspire people or a ploy to romanticize their sufferings for the sole purpose of National Branding?

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PHOTO SOURCE https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-vulnerable-filipinos -fight-for-survival-during-lockdown/a -53258915?fbclid=IwAR3FpnYgl7K9lluSvMw18Eb_aH6JJ3abZ9h -BvFngVN8L8EFpg8H-UsxmU

Lady carrying three 'Ayuda' packages from the Gov't

PHOTO SOURCE https://www.scmp.com/weekasia/economics/article/3076006/coronavirus-philippineworkers-lose-jobs-stocks-plunge-shops

A certain Filipino carrying two 50 kilo rice amid the pandemic, wearing his mask in the outskirts of Cebu.

As suggested in the results of the study, “the growing crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has dire implications in all the dimensions of wellness among the families in the slum communities. More specifically, many of them are beginning to realize that their physical health conditions are worsened, intellectually-stimulating activities are more delimited, emotions are more troubled, life’s meaning and purpose are disturbed, socialization is curtailed, responsibility to protect the nature is undermined, occupations are halted and financial stability is more frail.”

Furthermore, the findings “elucidate a glaring gap of the government’s disaster or crisis mitigation and response strategies as hey are not holistic enough to address the multifaceted issues hounding the different human wellness dimensions.”

However, despite all the challenges that hounded the Filipinos including the COVID19 pandemic, resiliency and survivability are still their best assets shared both by the government and its people. Small and insufficient as it may seem, the Social Amelioration Program of the national government came as a quick rescue for poor families.

The study tells us that “The laws implemented by the government for COVID-19 management, response and recovery such as the Republic Act No. 11469 or “Bayanihan to Heal as One Act” and Republic Act No. 11494 or “Bayanihan to Recover as One Act” are concrete affirmations on the resiliency of the government. ” And that “As no government can provide everything all the families’ needs, the devastated families in the slum communities had their fair share by activating their initiatives and manifesting the peculiar Filipino attributes (e.g. “bayanihan” - the Philippine culture of mutual assistance, religiosity, and optimism) in order to survive.

Not surprisingly, the poorest section of the society has proven their ability tore-cover from the pandemic be it in the form of socialization to avoid boredom and loneliness, small entrepreneurial ventures for additional income, on-call services and risk taking for work and “bayanihan” among others.”

Furthermore, to prove that the pandemic is more than a health problem the researchers of the study gathered their resolve and sauntered deep in the shanty towns to gather qualitative data on the 8 wellness dimensions that greatly affects the Filipinos.

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They were able to collect responses and interviews from 30 purposively selected families with an average family size of five (5) persons per household, living in five (5) slum communities in Cebu composing of ten (10) mothers, fifteen (15) fathers and five (5) sons and daughters of legal age.

To add, a little over half of them (53.33%) are dependent on fishing as the main source of income

while the rest (46.67%) are dependent on contractual wage labor.

Lets now delve into the 8 Wellness Dimensions and get insights from the tales of the people that were greatly affected:

PHOTO SOURCE

PHOTO SOURCE: MANILA BULLETIN https://mb.com.ph/2021/08/02/cars-queuing-outsidehospital-with-oxygen-tanks-goes-viral-in-cebu/

A VIRAL PHOTO IN CEBU CAPTURES HOW DEADLY COVID-19 IS:

With the cases in Cebu soaring each day, Cebu is faced with the challenged of burnt out front liners, hospital beds in full capacity, and a long list of patients queuing outside the vicinity of the hospital.

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This wellness dimension is not a surprise as heath pertains to the body of a person and which is greatly succumbs to the COVID-19 virus, most especially the elderly.

In an interview that they conducted, a father of Family 17 said:

After the strict implementation of the Enhanced Community Quarantine and social distancing, I was not able to provide my family the food that we need every day because my company’s operation has been stopped temporarily and I do not have the money to give my family right now…Moreover, I worry for my wife’s kidney failure condition given that it is difficult to go to the pharmacy without public utility vehicles…We also do not have our own family vehicle.

MISSING OPPORTUNITIES IN EDUCATION: With months of long lockdowns, students are faced with the dilemma of attending classes online and to families who don't have technological devices are faced to drop their children from school for the mean time. :

Some of the families shared that although the pandemic may seem as a simple blessing to be gathered with their loved ones, idleness and boredom coupled with anxiousness and fear may still loom over them.

This wellness dimension would be easy to alleviate if you live together with your family as you can help one another in putting idleness out of the picture by doing some mentally-stimulating activities in order to manage their situation such as: Household Arts and Crafts; Board Games; Work; and/or Gambling.

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FILIPINOS ARE FORCED TO STAY IN THEIR HOMES AND AVOID PUBLIC GATHERINGS For people who have a hard time of not having a day to spend with their friends, the lockdown or ECQ implementation feels like a prison to them.

Since lockdowns primary reason was to avoid further physical contact, all of the families’ mobility and socialization were curtailed.

Surprisingly, not all families share the same response to the situation because they have to deal with different circumstances. These are: Staying at home and be productive with the family members; Going out and be with friends; and Going out for work and survive.

According to the study, there were (18) families that indicated that they opted to abide to the home quarantine guidelines mandated by their local government in order to be safe, and while doing so, they made themselves productive by doing different household arts and crafts in the family including doing business.

For the mother of Family 19, she said:

The good thing about staying is that you get to enjoy being with your family while keeping yourselves protected from the virus. It is an opportunity for us to bond with each other – like my son is doing some business with his wife. Meanwhile, I enjoy creating different arts and crafts with my son.

Lastly, the study was able to meet a heart-wrenching reality wherein there were five (5) families who decided to continue working in their companies during the quarantine period because the support

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given by the government and other private organizations was not enough for their daily needs including medication and sanitation supplies.

As explained by the father of Family 14:

“The support we have received from the government and different organizations are not enough for us to have a complete meal in a day while addressing, at the same time, our other problems like medicine and sanitation supplies.

That is why, as the head of the family, I am left with no choice but to take risk by going out to work so that my family will not die from hunger.”

PANDEMIC INCREASES THE CHANCES OF FILIPINOS TO BE DEPRESSED OR ANXIOUS: With the growing fear of bein ginfected or losing your loved ones, filipinos are emotionally burdened from the effects of the pandemic.

The son of Family 12 said:

“Before the pandemic, I used to go to the market to sell our products. It is important to me because I was able to help my parents and see my friends who are also vendors. Now, that we are stuck in the house, it feels as if I am a prisoner and going outside is a crime…Thinking about it makes me sad because we do not deserve to be like this – to be stuck in the house waiting for rations of the government.”

The father of Family 26 expressed:

“I am terrified, worried, and stressed about our situation here in the squatters’ area because I have with me my wife and mother who both have heart conditions. I cannot think of ways how I can help them in terms of medication, knowing that I do not have income right now and our place is susceptible to COVID19 outbreak.”

With the pandemic having killed thousands of lives across the globe, it is but normal for people to feel scared, lonely, and anxious. These were the evocative response of the majority of the families (21 out 30 families) when asked about their state of mind during the pandemic.

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The pandemic also made people have second thoughts about the meaning and purpose of their lives and it seemed to them that the current situation was akin to the Survival of the Fittest.

The father of Family 12 confessed:

We cannot let the pandemic win over our lives. We cannot just sit down and wait for help to come. We need to be wise and find ways in order for us to survive. That is why, out from the financial support of the government, we make our own small business so that we can save enough to buy the food and medicine we need

HAMPERED RELIGIOUS PRACTICES Filipinos, being one of the religious contries in Asia, find the pandemic hard for them to attend holy masses most especially during ECQ's or lockdowns.

We need to take care of ourselves first before taking care of other else.

If only we do not have problems right now, I think we can be more mindful with the situation of our environment.

THE RISE OF PLANTITO'S & PLANTITAS: With boredom striking the lives of the Filipinos, some used their time & energy to take care of the plants they have at home. Be it a stress reliever or an advocacy they keep as stewards of nature.

With their lives at stake, most of the families interviewed (24 out of 30 families) feel that the environment was not a main concern during this pandemic and the father of Family 22 expressed:

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However, the minority still thinks that despite the crisis they’re facing, they should still be stewards of nature like the mother of Family 2, said:

“During the quarantine period, one of the things we do in our house is to grow ornamental plants in order to protect the nature and help them flourish so that our community will become clean and beautiful again.”

The prolonged lockdown may have terminated the chain of infection but it has also terminated the jobs (contractual, regular, or personal business) of the majority (21 of 30 families) interviewed.

A lot of them lost their jobs and other main sources of income due to business shutdowns and mandated lockdown orders, causing them to depend on the government and private organizations’ financial support and did temporary means of living such as on-call jobs and “sari-sari” store selling.

JEEPNEY DRIVERS PROTESTS AS THEY LOSE THEIR JOBS AMID LONG-LOCKDOWNS Although we can say that we are safe from the virus, staying at home will not feed thousands of flipino families because they'll eventually lose customers and their jobs as well.

The remaining (5) families continued working as usual as some of them were “Tanod” or barangay peace and order officer and others were sales clerks in the department store.

However, despite the continued salary, they were still getting stressed as they understood that they had higher exposure to the virus.

All the five (5) families that opted to work try to manage their occupational stress due to their susceptibility to virus infection by avoiding socialization with their workmates and by keeping themselves protected with the use of facemasks and alcohol-based hand sanitizers

They shared: “Our life in the family this pandemic is dark because both of us, my wife and I, lost our jobs because of the company shutdown.

Now, we are depending on the financial support of the government and to the aids coming from private companies.”

The mother of Family 20 said: “I need to continue my work because my family is dependent on me. I have to take risk because it is one of the convenient ways to save my family in this kind of situation.”

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The last wellness dimension speaks volumes of the dreary realities of most Filipinos.

It is an undeniable fact that being a developing country, the Philippines housed already struggling families and the advent of the pandemic just made everything far worse than it was before.

All of the interviewed families have already pre-existing financial problems and adding the pandemic on their list affected them adversely that even the financial support of the government was insufficient.

“Just because we are coping with the pandemic does not mean we do not have any worries financially. We are worried our financial situation in this pandemic because even though we are supported by the government, we are still uncertain as to how long it will last and how certain we are able to get our jobs back after the pandemic… Our company announced that its operations are suspended indefinitely because of great financial losses.”

The families in the slum communities are going through considerable worry and uncertainty due to unstable and inadequate finances. In order for them to continue surviving despite the situation, all of them said that setting priorities and taking advantage of the available and given resources were the key.

The study concluded that despite the abovementioned wellness dimensions that were affected, “this did not topple their resiliency and survivability as the social services and other crisismitigation policies and strategies afforded by the national government and

private sectors, albeit insufficient, including the peculiar Filipino attributes and individual initiatives they manifested and done were instrumental.

In other words, overcoming COVID19 pandemic and other crisis is neither the sole responsibility of the government nor the individuals or family. It is through individual and communal effort, working hand in hand through and through.”

Through the eye-opening research, everyone has been made aware that all of us are not privileged enough to enjoy during the month-long lockdown and that although we braved the same rough seas, we sail in disparate vessels.

PANDEMIC HAS MADE THE POOR EVEN POORER: With the long-lockdowns and ECQ'a the lowest sector of society are the most affected, losing their only sources for livelihood. The choice of going out to look for jobs is the risk they do to fill in their empty stomachs.

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At the end of the day we ask ourselves: will the Filipinos prevail and add the pandemic to the list of the many calamities they have survived or will the pandemic reign victorious and add the so called ‘resilient Filipino families’ to its long list of casualties?

State of the Philippines recognizes the following individuals for their exemplary researches that transformed communities with their brilliant studies. Their works are immortalized in our first issue targeting SDG #3, Good Health & Well-being.

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The development of Need–Threat Internal Resiliency Theory in COVID-19 crisis utilizing deductive axiomatic approach RESEARCHERS:

Jonaid M. Sadang Daisy R. Palompon

JOURNAL PUBLISHED AND OTHER DETAILS: Belitung Nursing Journal Volume 7(2), 72-77 © The Author(s) 2021 https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1300. Sadang and Daisy R. Palompon

ABSTRACT:

Resiliency for older people represents the capacity to return to equilibrium when difficulties arise and was found as integral predictor of their health status. This study aims to develop a theory that attempts to explain the older adults’ resiliency perspectives during crisis and how it has affected their well-being and quality of life as population group.

Deductive theory generation using axiomatic approach was adopted resulting to five axioms that served as basis for the generation of three propositions such as: (1) An older person’s health needs have tendencies to develop into a health threat, (2) when the threat is perceived, older persons developed a sense of internal control and adaptation to the changes it creates known as internal resiliency, and (3) internal resiliency can influence the quality of life in old age.

The evolved theory suggests that in times of crisis (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic), health needs develop into a health threat that compels older persons to develop internal resiliency in order to preserve their integrity, wellbeing and quality of life. This study widens the nursing perspectives in addressing older persons’ resiliency by the unique condition at which older clients are placed affecting both the pathological nature of the illness as well as the preventive interventions which the society is forced to implement.

Keywords COVID-19; need-threat; internal resiliency; older adults; deductive axiomatic approach; nursing

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Home quarantine - based rhythmic exercises: new fitness assessment and intervention in teaching physical education RESEARCHERS:

Marino A. Garcia, Emerito R. Custodio Cebu Normal University, Philippines Cebu Technological University, Philippines

JOURNAL PUBLISHED AND OTHER DETAILS:

ABSTRACT:

Belitung Nursing Journal Volume 7(2), 72-77 © The Author(s) 2021 https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1300. Sadang and Daisy R. Palompon

The COVID – 19 pandemic has post threats on the physical and mental fitness of the people. Thus, the study determined the effectiveness of home quarantine - based rhythmic exercises to the fitness level of the university students in physical education.

University students were the participants of the study. 200 student populations who were taking physical education subject in the year 2020 were considered. Quasi – experimental research design was employed and 96 participants between the age bracket of 18 - 26 (74 females & 22 males) were chosen using simple random sampling in determining the population size of the study. SPSS program was used in the analysis in the obtained data.

The result shown that there is a significant difference between the pre – test and post – test results in the fitness level of the participants in body mass index (T= -3.482, p < .001), cardiovascular endurance (T=-4.193, p < .000), flexibility (T= -6.279, p <.000), muscular endurance (T= -9.553, p <.000), and muscular strength (T= -7.569, p < .000) performing the home quarantine-based rhythmic exercises.

Further, it is concluded that engaging in two (2) months home quarantine – based rhythmic exercises from 30 minutes to 1 hour with moderate to vigorous intensity augment the physical fitness level of an individual. Moreover, it is recommended to put vision accounts in strengthening the inclusion of home quarantine - based rhythmic exercises in teaching physical education either in synchronous and asynchronous in teaching – learning process.

Keywords: home quarantine, fitness assessment, physical components, physical fitness, rhythmic exercise

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Filipino Families in Slum Communities and their Tales of Survival in Times of Pandemic: An Exploration of Wellness Dimensions RESEARCHERS:

Jem Cloyd M. Tanucan* and Marlon T. Bojos College of Teacher Education, Cebu Normal University, Osmeña Boulevard, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines

JOURNAL PUBLISHED AND OTHER DETAILS: Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 29 (1): 311 - 328 (2021) ISSN: 0128-7702 e-ISSN 2231-8534 SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/

ABSTRACT:

In this time of pandemic where the balance of wellness dimensions is disrupted, neglecting any dimension can impact adversely on the people’s life most especially those who are deprived including their coping strategies and ultimately their survival. A key factor is to ensure that services and policies are in synched with the state of wellness dimensions.This study examined the state of wellness of the thirty purposively selected families in five slum communities in Cebu, Philippines in times of pandemic. One-on-one semi-structured interview was used in order to gather significant data.

Discourse analysis was applied which brought about their tales of survival in synched with their eight wellness dimensions. The findings elaborated that the pandemic and the different mitigation measures to curb it, had taken a heavy toll on the wellness of Filipino families in slum communities. However, this did not topple their resiliency and survivability as the social services and other crisis mitigation policies and strategies afforded by the national government and private sectors, albeit insufficient, including the peculiar Filipino attributes and individual initiatives they manifested and done were instrumental. Furthermore, noting that the essential support and services provided for the families in the slum communities were not holistic enough to address the multi-faceted issues hounding their different wellness dimensions, hence, stemming some non-conforming behaviors despite strict quarantine measures. This study recommends that pandemic mitigation measures including essential support and services be reviewed and enhanced in high consideration of human wellness dimensions for them to be more inclusive and holistic.

Keywords: COVID-19, families, pandemic, Philippines, slum community, survival, wellness

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Understanding COVID-19 Dispersion in the Filipino Sociocultural Context RESEARCHERS:

Laurence Lascuña Garcia Joana Mariz Castillo Jillian Bejoc Ernyl Henry Redula Ma. Mayla Imelda Lapa Daisy Palompon Cebu Normal University, Philippines

JOURNAL PUBLISHED AND OTHER DETAILS: Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 2020;15():i467.DOI:10.24083/apjhm.v15i3.467

ABSTRACT:

This study aims to discover the sociocultural factors affecting the disease dispersion pattern of the COVID-19 in the Philippines. This is an ecological study where the unit of observation is the cases of COVID-19 in the country. The cases compared was defined in various ways to create an explanation of the dispersion pattern of COVID-19 in the country. Data was taken from the official reports of the Philippine Department of Health as of March 13, 2020, on the 52 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the country. Data gathered from the reports were age, sex, existing diseases, acquisition (local or international), proximity to carrier and health status. Results revealed that older male Filipinos are at higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 with prognosis defined by certain culturally-related diseases. The dispersion of the disease in the country is further compounded by the sociocultural context the Filipinos are in.

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He graduated Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Music, Arts and Physical Education from University of San Carlos, had his Master of Arts in Education major in Physical Education, Doctorate Degree Doctors of Philosophy in Education major in Research and Evaluation, and PostDoctorate Degree Doctors of Education major in Educational Management at Cebu Normal University with various scholarship and dissertation grants.

Also, He has been awarded with numerous presidential citations, best in oral presentations, research, leadership and service awards. At present, he is a Faculty-Researcher in the same university where he took his masters and PhD.

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A graduate of Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Physical Education at Cebu Normal Universty last March 1998 and took Master in Education Teaching Physical Education and Sports at CTU Moalboal Campus last August 2020. With over 100 successful festivals handled being a seasoned professional festival choreographer in the Philippines. Thirteen years connected as Music, Arts ,Physical Education and Health Teacher of the Department of Education at Cebu City Division.

Recently connected at Cebu Technological University Moalboal Campus for four years as Physical Education Instructor and the chairperson in the Physical Education Department. Teacher by profession and choreographer by passion.

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Add a little Doctor of Philosophy in Education major in Research and Evaluation Candidate in Cebu Normal University Master of Arts in Teaching major in Human Kinetics Graduate and recipient of Research Excellence Award in Southwestern University Bachelor in Secondary Education major in Physical Education, Health and Music Graduate in Cebu Normal University He has published his researches in various reputable journals.

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He graduated Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Physical Education, Health, and Music, A master of Arts in Education Major in Physical Education, and a doctor of Education major in Educational Management at Cebu Normal University. He has authored numerous publications, and is an active member of various organizations.

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She is a Professor of Cebu Normal University in Cebu City, Philippines. She is currently serving as the University Vice-President for Academic Affairs. She started her career in nursing education as a Clinical Instructor and rose from the ranks as Dean of the College of Nursing. She also served as Director of the Center for Research and Development and as the first Vice-President for Research, Extension and Publication of the University.

She took the lead as in the crafting of the Nursing Education Master Plan of the Philippines as a commissioned project of the Commission in Higher Education. She was a recipient of National Hartford Center of Gerontological Nursing Excellence as Distinguished Educator in Gerontology Nursing in 2019. As a tenured Professor, she is privileged to practice her advocacy towards advancement of nursing education and practice in the Philippines specifically on the field of gerontology and adult health nursing. Her passion for teaching and research are focused on health research, education and gerontology nursing. She has published researches on health and nursing. She has developed and published her Elderly Care Theory focusing on the roles of caring culture, caring agent and the caring process in providing holistic care for older adults. And her community-based Faith Health Mission continues to respond to the needs of our marginalized co-Filipinos for a better and healthy Philippines.

She is a licensed nurse and teacher in the Philippines. She graduated her Bachelor of Science in Nursing. Master of Arts in Nursing, and Doctor of Science in Nursing in Gerontology Nursing in Cebu Normal University. And she also earned her Ph.D. in Research.

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He is an Associate Professor of the College of Nursing of Cebu Normal University. He hails from Bien Unido, Bohol, Philippines. He graduated his Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Master in Nursing major in Mental Health Psychiatric Nursing and Doctor of Science in Nursing major in Gerontology Nursing from the same university. In his short stay in the university, he rose from the ranks, from being a research assistant of the college, to being faculty member and eventually served as Dean at a very young age of 25.

Currently, he is the Director of the Center for Research and Development and the Managing Editor of the CNU - Journal for Higher Education. He also served as the Founding Director of the Research Institute for Ageing and Health and was the former Presidential Assistant for Planning and Development.​ His works centered on mental health and care of the older persons. His focus is on understanding human behavior throughout life, inspired by his exposure to people of different ages from his childhood to the present. This background was useful in his desire to be of service both to the young and the older population.​ In his memberships in local and national organizations for the older persons, he was able to contribute in the formulation of policies to provide greater comfort to the older population. He was also able to lead projects on the provision of services for the older people. Some of his researches were focused on this age group which he was able to present in national and international conferences and were published in reputable local and international journals. He also served as mentors to students who specialized in Psychiatric Nursing and Gerontology Nursing. His expertise afforded him theopportunity to serve as resource person in local and international trainings and conferences, as well as serve as visiting professor in universities abroad. Recently, he has been awarded Inaugural Distinguished Educator for Gerontological Nursing by the USA’s National Hartford Center for Gerontological Nursing Excellence.

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She is an instructor in the College of Nursing of Cebu Normal University. She specializes in Medical-Surgical Nursing with clinical experiences in the same field. She is currently the coordinator for related learning experience in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program. Her research works focused on communicable diseases such as HIV and Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Recently, she also co-authored studies on care of older adults while pursuing advance education in gerontology.

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He is currently affiliated at Mindanao State University – Marawi (Main Campus) as Assistant Professor IV and College Secretary teaching both undergraduate and graduate programs in Nursing. Prior to his employment as faculty of the said University, he was a former faculty & clinical professor at Mindanao Institute of Healthcare Professionals, a former public health nurse at Department of Health - Integrated Provincial Health Office in Lanao del Sur, and a former specialized surgical nurse clinician at King Abdullah Medical City in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As researcher, he has already published more than 20 scientific research in an international journal indexed in Clarivate-ISI, Scopus, ASEAN citation, and Google Scholar publications.

Dr. Sadang has also presented most of his research in national and international nursing and allied conferences in The Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. He has also won as best podium and poster professional presenter for multiple times in his research presentations.

Currently, he is also a member of the editorial boards and a reviewer of some nursing and allied health journals in Indonesia, Thailand, India, The Philippines, and United States of America.

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Notable Faculty-Researchers in Cebu Normal University

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