Design For Senses

Design For Senses a guide to sensory architecture

Jayesh Chauhan guided by Ar. Jaideep Vyas Sir Bhargav Mistry Sir Bachelor of Architecture

Buddha Institute of Architecture and Town Planning, Udaipur December, 2016

Dedicated to:My Grandfather , Lt. Kanhaiya Lal Chauhan (Kalarthi) & My Father, Ravindra Kumar Chauhan

UNDERTAKING I Jayesh Chauhan, the author of the dissertation titled Design for Senses, hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of B.Arch. degree at the Faculty of Architecture, Buddha group of Institutes, Udaipur, Rajasthan.

Jayesh Chauhan V year B.Arch Batch : 2012-13 Date:15/12/2016 Place: Udaipur, Rajasthan

Disclaimer

This document describes work undertaken as part of the B.Arch. Degree at the Faculty of Architecture, Buddha group of Institutions, Udaipur. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute, the Dissertation Guide(s), or the Dissertation Committee.

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation titled Design for Senses has been submitted by Jayesh Chauhan towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of B.Arch. degree, in accordance with the undertaking signed by the student on the previous page.

Ar. Jaideep Vyas Sir Bhargav Mistry Sir Guide: Guide: Date: 15/12/2016 Chair, Dissertation Committee, 2016 Date:

Abstract

Abstract “I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.” Truly said

by Confucius.

• It means that if you simply tell about something to a person, i.e., • hearing sense it is very likely that they will forget what was said.

• If you tell and show them i.e., vision sense, they will more likely remember what was taught.

• If you involve them they will fully understand- which means they will have totally “learned” whatever was being taught using all of their senses.

A building is not just a mere structure but a space that effectively addresses the five senses. This is the philosophy described by my dissertation topic Design for Senses to make people realize that if we connect to a building by visiting there, it is it’s design which helps our five senses to rejuvenate completely and have a new experience of that particular building or place we are present in.

We design buildings, we plan them, construct them and connect with them, but my idea is that if one design or space is ready or built and if common public or the architects come to the place what feedback they are taking along as occupants after visiting there, when we will work with this ideology, I’m sure this will add to the definition of architecture in real sense. Most designers typically create spaces with only two of our five senses; sometimes three, namely, sight, touch and Hear respectively. In fact, I don’t ever remember being pushed to explore anything beyond those two — for example, in school, my professor never asked me to consider, “What smell will you have in the reception area?”

But maybe it’s not out of the question that we could use sound, scent, and taste when tackling a design challenge. Perhaps a cohesive approach with all our senses considered would make our spaces more creative, joyful, experiential and productive. Our senses helps achieving us all the information about our surroundings, neighborhood, etc. As we always design keeping in mind the persons with any sort of disabilities that the building should be easily accessible by them. If we use all five senses to design our workspaces, this would make us — as end users — happier and more productive workers.

However I find it while my research work that how easy it becomes to connect to a building when all these sense are found in the building, For example if we visit a Temple, and we mark each sense over there we will get wonderful results, • in vision it is a symmetric structure all where, • while in smell it’s the flowers, the incense sticks which gives pleasant fragrance, • than in taste comes the ‘Prasad’ given by the scholar there • again in sound comes the ringing of bells • and the building material is the significance of touch.

We’ll find that unlike temple there are many other buildings if are designed as per the human sensory organs are so communicating and connecting to the users.

Using all our senses to design will not just make us stretch our creativity to new standards, but it will give the end users stimulating feelings, memories, and experiences. Spaces that support all five senses are positioned to be more wholly successful places to happily and comfortably entertain, work, and experience life.

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Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments Many people have contributed, knowingly or unwittingly, to the preparation of this dissertation, not least the numerous student architects who have been subjected to various forms of teaching related to its development. Some of them have said things, or done things in their designs, that have prompted thoughts which are included here. I have benefited from many discussions with Ar. Jaideep Vyas, Head of the Department of Buddha Institute of Town Planning and Architecture in Udaipur, without his guidance and persistent help this dissertation would not have been possible. And from the encouragement & knowledge of my guide Mr. Bhargav Mistry who was kind enough to read the material while in preparation and who made a number of useful comments. I would like to express the deepest appreciation to our registrar Mr. Hemant Chaubisa. I am also grateful to the Dean Mr. Sanjeev Gupte who have, unknowingly, stimulated ideas which are included in the following pages. In addition a thank you to all the faculty members for their support and enthusiasm which had a lasting effect.

Some ideas have come from far afield, from friends, family from their love, support and help, but with whom I sometimes indulge in discussion and their views and thoughts come across.

And finally, as always, one must thank those who are close and who put up with having someone around who is writing a dissertation. In my case these long-suffering people are Chandni, Himanshu, Abhishek, Utsav and Pratyush.

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CONTENTS ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGMENT UNIT I : PRELUDE

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Design for Senses 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Limitation

1.3 Why Design for Senses ?

CHAPTER 2 What are senses?

2.1 Vision 2.2 Hearing 2.3 Touch 2.4 Taste 2.5 Smell

CHAPTER 3 Cognition and Perceptual systems

3.1 Relationship between cognition and perception 3.2 Color Psychology 3.3 Space Psychology

3.4 Design Fundamentals perceptions UNIT II : INTERLUDE

CHAPTER 4 Case studies 4.1 Temple 4.2 Park 4.3 Restaurant

CHAPTER 5 Web Study

5.1 Google Office

CHAPTER 6 Activities and Experiment 6.1 Building Blocks 6.2 Flashing Numbers

6.3 Music Effects

6.4 Why Activities and Students?

6.5 Experiment with the Five Senses for Kids UNIT III : CONCLUDE BIBLIOGRAPHY

UNIT I : PRELUDE

UNIT I : PRELUDE

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Chapter 1 . Introduction to Design for Senses

Chapter 1 . Introduction to Design for Senses This dissertation was born from the attempt to understand why people fall in love with places. The concept of sense of place appeared to explain much of the ways in which people relate to place, and for this reason, many of the works reviewed for this study were written & analyzed by this concept. When we ignore one or more senses as it is applicable in that activity is not justified. So if we wish to have a better result or influence on our soul, we have to control few parameters which acts or dominates our senses like objects, form, color, light, sound, etc. Senses help achieving all the information about our surrounding world. Perception1 & cognition2 are the two complicated processes achieved by the senses. This is the basic explanation of what cognition or cognitive psychology is about, we will learn more about in further chapter.

Perception

source http://chelseasniaccportfolio.weebly.com/31-35.html

Cognition

source: http://pediaa.com/difference-between-behaviorism-and-cognitive-psychology/ 1

2

the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses or the way in which something is regarded, understood, or interpreted. source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception

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1.1 Motivation

1.1 Motivation With reference to my topic, the factors affecting the more and more need of Design for Senses, are listed below. As these are the reason which actually inspired me to explore and adopt this topic as my dissertation.

• Design for senses is admiring as people like or dislike anything by sensing it with the help of their sense organs. Thus if someone visits to a building they have one feel or an idea of actually what they liked being there or what they dislike.

• Secondary, my idea was that in context with architectural theory it usually pleases mostly the three senses: sight, hear, and touch. But I wanted to incorporate rest two senses i.e., smell and taste in a building like rest three are there. It’s not complicated to have smell and taste in consideration because if I look into it there are many things or ways by which it is actually possible.

For example, garden with lavender, rose, gives the smell of their presence likewise elements like wet mud has a different and pleasing aroma. And it’s not necessary that you have to always eat it and then your taste receptors work. Taste receptors get charged as soon as our nose smells out anything and finds a taste of same with the help of brain by sending message to it.

• By doing so or by using these senses in a project or a building, our buildings will become more communicating. People will be easily able to direct connect with it without any other guidance or description. Things automatically becomes easy for the public using it.

• What happens when we have all these senses in one place? Results show that by feeling all the five senses at a spot that space becomes more productive.

• After all it gives a very good feeling to the one living there or occupying it. For Example, a noisy, equipped with odor, unpleasant environment never invites or pleases to be into it.

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1.2 Limitation

1.2 Limitation Everything has two sides like when few things inspired me to write on the topic there were few things we were like again and again used to trigger at some point that Design for Senses is not hundred percent true to apply everywhere and at every places.

• Many a times it’s not necessary to have all the five senses together at a same place at a same time.

• It becomes a matter of choice- that whether taste or smell, or touch will be there or not depending on the designer designing it.

• There are more numerous activity or ways to cater all the senses but it simply depends on creativity of designer that how he really do the justice to his project by the use of all the five senses.

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1.3 Why Design for Senses?

1.3 Why Design for Senses?

• Design for senses plays an important role for the perception & cognition of an event.

• Exteroceptive senses- relating to, being, or activated by stimuli received by an organism from outside like ear, eyes, nose, skin, tongue & nose help in the desire of cognition & perception to treat exteroception1.

Sense Exteroception Eyes

Ears

Skin

Interoception Toungue

Nose

Internal Organs

Proprioception Muscular Tendeon

Articular Sources

Sight (ophthalmoception), hearing (audioception), touch (tactioception), taste (gustaoception), smell (olfacoception)

5 Senses

Source http://udel.edu/~bcarey/ART307/project1_4b/ Image source : http://www.shutterstock.com/en/pic.mhtml?utm_source=39422&utm_campaign=Graphic%20resources%20SL&&utm_ medium=Affiliate&irgwc=1&id=446313730&tpl=39422-174648

We live with perception: Perceiving our surroundings with our senses we learn the environment. Not only we form an image, we form memories with them, we sense dimensions with echoes, we feel the dampness with smell, we see light/shadow... In other words, we learn with memories, we recall them, we behave with them. “(…)while the tactile space separates the observer from the objects, the visual space separates the objects from each other (…) the perceptual2 world is guided by the touch, being more immediate and welcoming than the world guided by sight” (ZUMTHOR, Peter; Thinking Architecture, 2005) ” Mud structures seem to be native that are built more by tactility and muscular senses, not just the sense of sight.” (Shirazi, 2010)

1

2

sensitivity to stimuli originating outside of the body.

Source: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/exteroception relating to the ability to interpret or become aware of something through the senses.

Source: www.dictionary.com/browse/perceptual

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Chapter 2 : What are senses?

Chapter 2 : What are senses?

A sense is a physiological capacity of organisms that provides data for perception. The senses and their operation, classification, and theory are overlapping topics studied by a variety of fields, most notably neuroscience, cognitive psychology (or cognitive science), and philosophy of perception.

The nervous system has a specific sensory system or organ, dedicated to each sense.

Humans have a multitude of senses. Sight (vision), hearing, taste, smell, and touch are the five traditionally recognized senses.[1]1

2.1 Vision/ Sight We perceive shapes, distance, movement, color, heat and depth by our sense of sight. The overall function of the eye is to act like a biological camera – it absorbs light and translates images into nerve signals to conduct to the brain. The human visual system gives our bodies the ability to see our physical environment. The eye is much more sensitive to overall light and color intensity than changes in the color itself. Colors have three attributes: brightness, saturation, hue.

People without the sense of sight find it difficult to interact with their environment as compared to those who have it. The first point of contact between two people is eyesight and is vital for social interaction. Vision is certainly the main channel of getting spatial information. Consequently, a common assumption is that blind persons ‘orient’ in space mainly using their hands.

“By tracking image, eye receives its effects. Elements with similar or repeated distances are known by eyes as beats or rhythms that receiving them is similar to receiving the sound from music by ear; Architecture is frigid music.” (Neufert 2010, p 31) In a part of this gallery that is op-art exhibition, visitors facing to some pictures tend to go closer and touch them in order to realize the fact better. It seems that we cannot rely on one sense to find out the truth and we need to get help from other senses too.

How does Eye work

http://www.brainfacts.org/~/media/Brainfacts/Article%20 Multimedia/Sensing%20Thinking%20and%20Behaving/

1

Visual Info-graphics

Source: https://venngage-wordpress.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2016/08/gp-2.png

Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense

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2.2 Hearing

2.2 Hearing It is the sense of sound perception. Hearing is all about vibration, we respond as per what and when our stimulus reacts and our nerves respond. It’s first the sound waves or the stimulus that listen to the sound & hit the eardrum travelling further to the nerve impulse and producing a response.

Let’s take two unlike things noise and music, Music is the art of arranging and combining sounds in order to create a harmonious melody while noise is an unwanted sound that is usually very loud and meaningless.

Same is the case with silence & peace. Silence is just the absence of sound, or lack of noise. There is nothing to find out, nothing to prove while Peace is the gentle enduring freedom you always know in the state when there is no you, no individual, no thoughts about self (including wants and desires), no thoughts about anything, no needs and no becoming.

Sound Stimulus and Response Source: www.skidmore.edu

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2.3 Touch

2.3 Touch As Pallasmaa believes: Tactility1 is more accurate than eyesight and is less exposed to mistake.

Tactility is the sense of closeness, proximity and effect.

Eye touches the distance but tactility sees the closeness!

Skin is in immediate contact with the surroundings. Sense of touch allows us to predict hot or cold, dull or sharp, rough or smooth, wet or dry. Skin is packed with many sense receptors. Each type responds to different sensation.

Although, our brain receives the messages all the times and it filter out the less important ones.

The most sensitive parts of the skin have the most touch receptors in them. Like fingertips, lips, and toes all are very sensitive. The sense of touch is the first sensory pathway that develops in humans. The sense of touch distinguishes between a variety of physical stimuli2, including temperature, pressure and texture.

Different Types of Feels for Touch

Source: http://stayathomeeducator.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/It-feels-like-exploring-the-sense-of-touch-activity-for-preschoolers-Stay-At-Home-Educator1000x880.jpg

1

2

Relating to, involving, or perceptible to the sense of touch Source: www.thefreedictionary.com/tactility a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

Source: www.dictionary.com/browse/stimuli

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2.4 Taste

2.4 Taste Taste buds are sensory organs that are found on your tongue and allow you to experience tastes that are sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. The serous glands secrete some of the fluid found in saliva, while the taste buds taste food through receptors that send information to the brain. Receptors are nerve endings that have a chemical reaction to the food that is being eaten.

It’s the taste buds or the tongue which first smells and experiences a taste of any edible thing and send the message to brain to how to react on the same after consumption.

If there is a gallery of visitors pass through gutters filled with variety of liquids with different density and color that each of them recall on kind of taste. If they follow the more clear liquid, they will find the right way which is closer to water.

Using sharp red colors can recall tang taste and warm brown can recall sweetness such as the taste of chocolate and colors of yellow and orange can remind the sense of tasting sour. Also a kind of green can recall bitterness and even sourness.

Taste Buds

Source: http://www.clipartkid.com/images/32/english-lil-fran-ais-taste-sense-f2P5ca-clipart.jpg

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2.5 Smell

2.5 Smell A place can be identified by its smell, a smell can make a place. Like the character of an old library is partly due to the smell of polished wood and musty leather books- binding’s, that of an artist’s studio to the smell of oil paint.

Different restaurants have different aroma of coffee, delicate cheese, fresh baked cakes, vegetables, roasted items.

Now in architecture a few elements like sand, fresh water, building materials have their own signified smell by which even when are not able to see it but identify it by its smell. Different parts of garden might be distinguished by the perfume of roses, jasmine, lavender, etc.

Olfaction1 is more active in silence and lack of light. (when other senses are less important.)

As Juhani Pallasmaa believes nose can remember better than eyes and understands the space deeper and sharper and realizes the difference.

Olfaction

Source http://www.crystalinks.com/olfaction.jpg

1

also known as olfactics, is the sense of smell.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfaction

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Chapter 3. Cognitive Psychology & Perceptual

Systems

Chapter 3. Cognitive Psychology & Perceptual Systems Architecture, as the creator of space, is the one to give physical form to this concept. This is why before creating it, we must, first of all, understand how we see space, how we perceive it. Thus, the last decades can be considered to have been an effervescent period during which architects and psychologists alike have been attempting to link architecture with the psychology of the individual.

Having a look on current perspectives of psychology1, our objective is to study the events of cognitive psychology. The focus of this study clearly states ‘ how do we encode, process, store and retrieve information’.

Perspectives of Psychology

Source: https://twitter.com/ap_psychology/status/566014057434849281

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1 the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given context.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology

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3.1 Relationship between Cognition and Perception.

3.1 Relationship between Cognition and Perception.

Psychologists involved mainly in the field of space psychology, are refining even further the concept, stressing upon the differences between cognition and perception. The relationship between cognition and perception is sometimes of inclusion and other times they are seen as two separate, alternating processes. Cognition comprises all forms of knowledge: thought, imagination, reason, memory and perception, therefore, in this instance, it is a form of figurative knowledge. From this viewpoint, the knowledge of the surrounding environment can be acquired in more than one ways and perception is just one of them. From a different perspective, perception is being influenced by the cognitive structures of the individual. These can influence the selective ability of perception and thus the image to be constructed is being refined and selected through the filter of attention. Summarizing, perception can just as easily be defined as a subsystem of cognition but, just as well, as being a process of cognition. [1] 1

The relationship between perception and cognition

Source: Dana Pop / Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering & Architecture Vol. 56 No 2 (2013) 211-221

1

Dana Pop / Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering & Architecture Vol. 56 No 2 (2013) 211-221

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UNIT I : INTERLUDE

UNIT I : INTERLUDE

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Chapter 4 : Case Studies

Chapter 4 : Case Studies 4.1 Temple While we visit a temple we start feeling all the five senses from its very first entrance.

• The huge porch or the staircase lifting us to the deity, starts entertaining the sense of vision in the excitement which wants us to look at our good.

• The smell all round of pleasing flowers, incense stick, or the lighting of lamp, etc. which rejuvenate sense of smell at the most.

• In taste, comes the Prasad given away by the scholar, and taste not always means to eat and have a sense of taste, taste arises when we even smell something pleasant. As our salivary glands excite and send signals to brain about the particular thing us constantly smelling in.

• Sound of the people clapping, that mantras, ringing bells, all around give our ear a different feeling.

• In touch comes the, texture of building material, also holding a garland gives the feeling of touch as it is associated with the sense of touch.

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4.2 Park

4.2 Park • Vision- a big green ground, trees and children all around eye clicks the image & send it to the brain and brain certainly becomes fond of what our eyes are looking at.

• Hear- noises of children, swings, birds chirping there, the complete ambience becomes so inviting.

• Smell- garden occupies pleasant flowers, trees, scent of which turns around in the whole park.

• Taste- when we think of taste, we have the idea of fruits available there.

• Touch- the surface of trees, a feel when we touch flowers there or laying on the grass directly purely describes the sense of touch in a park,

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4.3 Restaurant

4.3 Restaurant • Taste- comes to be the first one when talking about all the five senses how work in a restaurant.

• Smell- aroma of roasting, baking, frying all around inspires our salivary glands to have the taste of something being cooking there.

• Eyes- when we talk about eyes, its it senses which decides whether to be there in the place or not as after looking at the restaurant’s crowd, way to cater people, sittings, we feel like being there.

• Touch- the food present to us there gives the texture of it as if we touch it, and invites us to have a bite out of it.

• Hear- when we hear the noise of items being cooked in a kitchen it sends the signals to the brain and it builds an excitement all in our head.

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Chapter 5 : Web Study

Chapter 5 : Web Study 5.1 Google Campus Dublin

Architect: Location Area Project Year Photographs

Camenzind Evolution, Henry J. Lyons 4, Pembroke Gardens, Dublin 4, Ireland 47000.0 sqm 2011 Peter Wurmli

Concept: to create a stimulating and interactive campus within a bustling environment in the midst of the inner city.

5 restaurants, 42 micro kitchens and communication hubs, game rooms, fitness center, pool, wellness areas, conference, learning & development centre, tech stops, over 400 informal and formal meeting rooms and phone booths, etc. encouraging a balanced, healthy work environment and enabling as much interaction and communication.

Source: http://www.archdaily.com/393582/google-campus-dublin-camenzind-evolution-henry-j-lyons-architects

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Chapter 6. Activities & Experiments

Chapter 6. Activities & Experiments 6.1 Activity : Building Blocks

Building with blocks provides one of the most valuable learning experiences available for young children. Block play stimulates learning in all domains of development, intellectual, physical, and social-emotional and language.

The current research shows that block play is fundamental for later cognitive success for learning math and numbers.

Aim: To inculcate kids to build any part of their

life with the blocks Objective:

a) To find how they react to build in 3D, with the cognition of Space. b) What is their primary thinking, when asked to built.

Brief: Students were given wooden block of different shapes and color and were asked to built anything they like.

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Performing activities at Curious Scholar School, New Bhupalpura

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Result:

Result: When students are first introduced to blocks they may learn how to hold on to them, how they feel, how heavy they are, they explore the bright colors, and begin to carry them around. They will experiment with how blocks may sound when they fall, or when they bang them together. Concepts such as learning sizes, comparing objects by making exact matches and the order of objects are also being learned. By doing this toddlers achieve balance, stability, and even aesthetic sensibility.

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6.2 Flashing Numbers

6.2 Flashing Numbers Aim- the aim to demonstrate this experiment is to test a person’s vision with his memory or potential that what he or she can remember and for how long.

Objective- There are 4 different categories viz. Black and white numbers, black and white numbers with audio pronunciation, category 3 is colorful numbers and 4 one is colorful numbers with the audio pronouncing the number in background.

The above graph tells us that when experiment Flashing Numbers was played with people of 18-25 years of age group the results come out were these. People felt distracted and scored less in comparison with the monochrome theme, as color distracted them in remembering the color sequence.

Whereas the black and white sequence with an audio work really well to learn the sequence.

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6.3 Research Article: Music

6.3 Research Article: Music Music is regarded as one of the triumphs of human creativity. But does music itself help one to create?

It’s a question worth asking, since music has increasingly become a part of the modern-day workplace. Music has a strange temporal permanence; as art decorates space, so does music decorate time.

With so much of our time being spent at work, and so much of our work being done at computers, music has become inseparable from our day-to-day tasks—a way to “optimize the boring” while looking at screens.

Are you looking to improve your writing? Read our best advice on writing with clarity and substance. Music makes repetitive tasks more enjoyable.

Music’s effectiveness is dependent on how “immerse” a task is, referring to the creative demand of the work. When a task is clearly defined and repetitive in nature, research suggests that music is consistently helpful.

A series of experiments has investigated the relationship between the playing of background music during the performance of repetitive work and efficiency in performing such a task. The results give strong support to the contention that economic benefits can accrue from the use of music in industry.

Assembly line workers showed signs of increased happiness and efficiency while listening to music, for example.

More modern studies would argue that it isn’t the music itself, but rather the improved mood your favorite music brings that is the source of this bump in productivity. In a noisy workplace, music is an escape A 2015 study found that when it came to sound-masking1 with ambient noise, “natural” sounds, such as waves at a beach, also improved subjects’ ability to concentrate.

Sound Masking

Source : http://www.lencore.com/Portals/5/Lencore_Images/ABC.jpg 1 Sound masking is the addition of sound created by special digital generators and distributed by normally unseen speakers through an area to reduce distractions or provide confidentiality where needed.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_masking Source: https://www.helpscout.net/blog/music-productivity/

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6.4 Why activities and students?

6.4 Why activities and students?

When students make observations in science they need to use all five senses. How does this work? This lesson describes how children use sensory observations in science and what that looks like in a learning environment.

• Experimentation is the stage in which the bulk of observations are

made, and therefore, the use of • senses, is most important. When conducting an experiment,

students must pay close attention to • the subject in order to learn.

• To test their hypothesis1 I needed to put their sensory skills to work.

Some students used their eyes • to observe at specific times and recorded the information. Others

listened for activity and let the observers • know if they heard the right thing. It appears that in a sensory

preconditioning procedure, • the student learns about the co-occurrence of two stimuli in

the absence of a response.

Performing activities at Curious Scholar School, New Bhupalpura 1 a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothesis

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6.5 Experiment with the Five Senses for Kids

6.5 Experiment with the Five Senses for Kids Kids use their five senses each day, but they may not stop to think about how their senses help them learn about the world around them. Experiments dealing with sight, hearing, taste, feeling and smell teach kids to hone in on one specific sense. The science activities develop an understanding of how the senses work together and independently in everyday situations.

What’s That Sound?

Kids rely heavily on sight to identify what’s happening around them. A blindfold to block out the sense of sight forces them to rely more on hearing. Make a series of sounds while the kids have their eyes closed or wear a blindfold. The kids guess the object or action based on what they hear.

Another way to test the sense of hearing is with a sound walk. Move through different areas of the neighborhood or school to identify specific sounds they might not otherwise notice. Stand outside the school cafeteria while the cooks prepare lunch to identify the various cooking sounds, for example.

Feeling It Out A box is a simple tool that aids in experimenting with the sense of touch. Cut a hole just large enough for a child’s hand to fit through in the top of the box. Place an object inside the box. The kids take turns reaching inside, feeling the object and guessing what it is. Choose objects with different textures, such as a smooth tile, rough sandpaper, a squishy sponge, mushy cooked noodles and cold ice. A variation on the touch experiment is to have the kids put a glove on one hand. Have each child touch the object with both hands -one wearing a glove and one without. Ask the kids to describe the difference in how the object feels when the glove creates a barrier. For example, the ice won’t feel as cold on the gloved hand.

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6.5 Continued

6.5 Continued Taste Testers A blind taste test challenges the kids sense of taste in this easy experiment. Use a blindfold or ask the kids to keep their eyes closed during the experiment. The kids taste several foods and guess what they taste. Choose foods with strong flavors from different categories. For example, include a sour lemon, sweet marshmallow and bitter piece of unsweetened chocolate.

If you don’t want to mess with blindfolds, have the kids taste each food item knowing what it is ahead of time. Have them record data about each food, including how it tastes and how intense the flavor. Have the kids hold their noses at first to see if the sense of smell affects the flavor of the food.

Super Sniffers Mystery smells put kids noses to the test.

For a simple experiment, put several items with strong scents into small, opaque containers, such as black film canisters.

Examples include spices, coffee, onion, mint and vinegar. To prevent spills, soak a cotton ball with any liquid items, such as vinegar or perfume, so the liquids don’t leak from the container. Punch a small hole in the top so the smell wafts out without revealing the item inside. The kids guess the item inside based only on the smell.

Perfect Peepers Experiments that take away the sense of sight show kids how hard their eyes work, but another way to experiment with sight is to test depth perception. By closing one eye, kids learn how the eyes work together.

Have the kids perform a task, such as throwing a ball to a partner or tossing a ball into a container, with both eyes. Cover one eye with an eye patch and have the kids try the task again. They should find the task more challenging with the use of only one eye.

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UNIT I : CONCLUDE

UNIT I : CONCLUDE

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UNIT III CONCLUDE

UNIT III CONCLUDE A.) Link with the memories : The key, the research claim, is that memories relating to an event are scattered across the brain’s sensory centers. If one of the senses is stimulated to evoke a memory, other memories featuring other senses are also triggered.

This explains why a familiar song or the smell of a former lover’s perfume has the power to conjure up a detailed picture of past times. “However, odor memory seems to be the most resistant to forgetting, but experts still do not really know why our noses have such a hold on our memories.

B.) People and Buildings Connect to Nature : There’s a growing awareness in our culture of the benefits and importance of nature to our well-being. We all need opportunities to enjoy the outdoors.

Whether it’s a park, waterfront trail, boat ride or the sight of an bird fishing in the river, or a time on a beach ,these experiences are a part of us. If we remove them from our lives, we diminish who we are and what we can accomplish.

We believe that bringing more nature into urban environments is essential to improving quality of life for people in the community.

In addition to attracting people, these spaces appeal to birds and other species that enrich our everyday experiences, pleasant flowers, greenery all around activates all our 5 senses.

C.) Bringing Space To Life: Architectural building can more truly relate to the surrounding culture through all of the senses. Addressing historic, traditional or present-day cultural patterns can make a work of architecture a success when the senses are not ignored. The architect must act as a composer that orchestrates1 space into a synchronization for function and beauty through the senses – and how the human body engages space is of prime importance. As the human body moves, sees, smells, touches, hears and even tastes within a space – the architecture comes to life. Architectural space is about layering for all of the senses. Like a musical composition, spatial features come together into a symphony2 for occupants to experience. Bringing a space to life means that architectural function and form is not just primarily for the visual sense. By engaging all of the senses, form and function may be more fully expressed so occupants can have deeper, more meaningful moments – feeling the bouquet of their surroundings in all of its dimensions.

1

arrange or score (music) for orchestral performance.

Source: www.dictionary.com/browse/orchestrate

2

an elaborate musical composition for full orchestra, typically in four movements, at least one of which is `traditionally in sonata form.

“Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony” Source: www.dictionary.com/browse/symphony

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY Simon Unwin-’Architecture as Identification of a place’, in Analysing

Architecture, Routledge, Abingdon, 2009

`

-’other senses’, in Exercises in Architecture, Routledge, 2012

Peter Zumthor- Thinking Architecture, Birkhause, Basel, 1998 Dana POP, Space Perception and Its Implication in Architectural Design Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning ,Romania, 2013 Pallasmaa, Juhani. The Eyes of the Skin (1994).

Pallasmaa, Juhani. The Eyes of the Skin. Translation: Ghodsi,R. Tehran (Parham Naghsh, 2011, in Persian).

Shirazi, Mohammad Reza. Phenomenology of Space, Phenomenology of Architecture. Tehran (Rokhdade no, 2010, in Persian).

Neufert, Ernest. Architect`s Data., p31

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