BACKGROUND RESEARCH

Gentrification is derived from the word "gentry," which historically referred to people of an elevated social status. In the United Kingdom, the term "landed gentry" originally described landowners who could live off of the rental income from their properties. In its current context, gentrification was first popularized by the British sociologist Ruth Glass in 1964, when she used the term to describe the influx of middle-class people into London's working-class neighborhoods, displacing the former residents of those localities.2

Numerous cities around the world experience the phenomenon of gentrification, which can have a direct impact on housing market dynamics. In most major cities, some neighborhoods that were previously less than desirable have morphed into vibrant districts with plush condominiums and offices, new coffee shops and restaurants, expensive retail storefronts, and various entertainment choices.

Affordable Housing Happy Life

Investment Rent rise Unaffordable Force to move out

Middle-Class Move In Renovation Community Of Middle Class Working Class Become Homeless or Have to Move

Working Class Community New Business Coming in Attracting More Middle Class People Forced to Move Out Unaffordable

In the Working-Class community or relatively poorer area, people establish tight connections with each other as a community. The housing rents are reasonable and afforable so people are living their good lives here.

Gentrification happens when wealthier newcomers move into working-class neighborhoods. New businesses and amenities often pop up to cater to these new residents. Potholes might get filled; a new bus line might appear.

3 Gentrification Factors

These changes attract even more affluent people, and property values go up.Landlords raise rents to what these new arrivals can afford to pay, so the original tenants get forced out.

Housing in the community is becoming more and more unaffordable for the working class people. The price is made for middle class.

Real estate speculators may pressure homeowners to sell their family homes. Some of those pushed out will move to more affordable neighborhoods, others to entirely different cities; others may become unhoused.

II III Vulnerability Demographic Change Housing Market Change

What percent of the population in a neighborhood is vulnerable to displacement?

Vunlnerability Factors

What levels of demographic changes, if any, have been occuring in the neighborhood?

How much housing market appreciation, if any, has taken place in the neighborhood?

Had low or moderate 1990 home values, high(top two quintiles) present home values, and high(top two quintiles) appreciation from 1990 to present.

low or moderate(bottom three quintiles) present home values in 2000, low or moderate(bottom three quintles) from 2000 to present and touch the boundary of at least one tract with high(top two quintiles) present value or high appreciation from 2000 to present

The U.S Berlin Germany

A neighborhood in transition, Bed Stuy has experienced several waves of gentrification in recent years, with many young, white families mixing into the historically black neighborhood.

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.

From 2012 to 2017 alone, the city grew by 243,500 people – 81% of which were foreigners. As a result, the previously peripheral and impoverished neighbourhood of Kreuzberg has, for some years, been undergoing an extreme process of hyper-gentrification. This has meant that long-term but less affluent residents have been priced out by skyrocketing demand for property, fuelled by global investors and wealthier locals. All too often, it’s a process that occurs along lines of class, race and ethnicity

Urban transformation becomes a concern when it leads to the displacement of low-income citizens and tears apart the community’s social fabric. Several studies have suggested that involuntary displacement is the negative impact of gentrification in such urban areas. The gentrification and involuntary displacement in Maputo touches on a broader issue of land ownership and the bundle of legal rights of real estate.

Largely, gentrification is the changing character of a neighbourhood through the influx of wealthier residents and businesses into once lower-income areas. It is one of the significant changes to occur in Australian cities—and across the world— where property values are pushed up in inner and middle-ring suburbs. Mainly happening in surburbs.

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.

Social Environmnental

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.

Political Cultural

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.

It’s a man-made earthquake.As a process of social and spatial change, gentrification results from class upgrading and transformation. New-build gentrification, characterized by demolition and subsequent residential development involving direct or indirect residential displacement and landscape change, has become the main type of gentrification in contemporary urban China.