Issuu

CHINKS OF LIGHT INTERIOR DESIGN

PORTFOLIO ABDUL JAMALIH

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF ART

Preface Light is one of the overused elements in spatial design. This makes most light a predictable element. When a space becomes predictable, it loses its mysterious quality. The first part of the portfolio shows the initial documentary processes of unpredictable light and material gaps. The second part of my portfolio shows how the knowledge and understanding of the design processes are being applied into a mundane interior space. The Light entering the space is being manipulated to create unpredictable light chinks. This type of light creates a sense of unexpectedness. This is the solution used for mundanity where there is a great sense of expectedness. This portfolio consists of a single project dealing with only parapets within HDB. Various materials are used to manipulate the chinks of light entering the interiors of the HDB corridor. The method of creating material gaps in an unintentional way is the methodology used to create this unique light qualities. I feel that this design would benefit the society where mundanity is always present.

The Exploration Processes to Create Unexpected Light Chinks > Inspirations to Chinks of Light > Explorations In Contrast to Precedent Studies

7 13

Application Of Design Explorations And Researches Into Site Context > HDB In Singapore & Issues Faced > Site Selection & Design Intention > Sun Studies > Manipulating Light with Parapet Design > The Metal Block > The Plastic (PVDF) Block > The Wood Block > The Foam Block > The Paper Block > The Leaf Block > About The Parapets

25 31 43 49 61 79 101 121 139 161 179

Contents

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Inspirations to Chinks of Light >Images of 3 Different Artists >Precedent Studies

The Amalgamation of Light & Materials

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Church of Light Analysis

Afrum I (White), (1967)

About:

Tadao Ando understands how and when to use concrete and is used in most of his design. It can often be thought of as a dense and oppressive material. However, through careful use of openings that allow natural light to flood in his designs, Ando creates a sense of contrast between the heaviness of the material and the energy and brightness of sunlight.

James Turrell began using a high-intensity projector (cutting-edge technology for the 1960s) to beam light onto the walls and corners of empty rooms. He was sculpting with light.

Analysis: The sketches show how light is casted in creating 2 great contrasts of light and darkness. Allowing subtle light to enter, intensifies the light and darkness in the building. Will it be more interesting if the gaps made the light more unpredictable? Will it increase the sense of mysteriousness of the space?

Analysis: In the picture, it shows a white cube seems to be floating in midair. If we walk from side to side, it appears three-dimensional. The projection can be read multiple ways: if it is a 3-dimensional object, does it advance or recede from the viewer? It can also be viewed as a flat, uneven hexagon and many different forms depend on the angle and direction of the viewer. Different possible forms that could be perceived is sketched out. What if these light and shadow forms are not controlled? Will it increase the sense of mysteriousness?

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Salk Institute About: Louis Kahn designed the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California as a complex of buildings. Kahn used the identical rows of buildings to draw the viewerâ€™s eye to the centre of his design, and to the sea beyond it. The fountain that runs through the centre of the institute aligns with the path of the sun on both the autumnal and vernal equinox. Analysis: In the sketches, it shows that all the windows are facing at a single direction. Itâ€™s the direction of the sun path which allows flooding of natural light into building. This architecture shows how to make use of natural lightings as part as one interior. The design of Church of Light allowed light to flood through small gaps to intensify the space but for the Salk Institute, huge gaps are made to allow huge amount of light to flood in. Both architects manipulated light into interior spaces but in the different way.

Circulation Diagram

Visual Connection of Institute and Ocean

Frontal View

Sun

Back View

Precedent Studies A Work from Every Inspired Artists

Thoughts on Light Based on Precedent Studies All of the case studies displayed are examples of light manipulation in interior spaces. Manipulating and having precise control of light through gaps seems very intriguing but what if the light becomes uncontrollable? Will it be more interesting? Will it increase the sense of mysteriousness? This curiosity led to a new set of explorations.

What If The Light Is Not Shaped Accordingly? Will It Increase The Sense of Unexpectedness In Spaces?

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Explorations In Contrast To Precedent Studies >Expected & Unexpected Light Chinks >Light Collage

Exploration of Expectedness Creating gaps using tools such as penknife and pen.

This model is made out of paper. The top of the model was cut into “Strips” and bent randomly. The light is then shone above the model. This experimentation shows that light changes the colour of the material by showing its different shades of black. The shadows casted are interesting. However, there is a sense of predictability.

In this experiment, holes are punctured at all sides of the model. Light is then casted at multiple directions. The different intensity of “circular like” light are formed. The overlaying of shadows and light also seems interesting. A sense of unpredictable light was observed. Corner gaps found at the model seem interesting as well.

The void is cut at all different sides and dented in. The light is shone at all sides for this experiment. Interesting light glares are created due to the size of the gaps in the void. An interesting composition was created by both the light and the material. However, the results were very similar at every sides of the void making the results very expected.

Creation of gaps using material properties

Model is made without any interruption. Realised regardless how perfect one is trying to make your model, there will be gaps. These gaps are revealed by light.

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Exploration of Unexpectedness

The was made out of crushed paper. The paper was crushed before piecing them together. The method of crushing is uncontrollable thus making every edge of the paper to be different. The distinctive edges created gaps in the void which enables light to seep through the void in a very erratic way.

was made out of wet paper. Water was run on the paper and some paper on the surface is removed. This created different thickness of paper and uncontrollable tears. The light enters the tears and thin parts of the void creating unique shadows and light forms.

Light Collage Experiments are done intuitively from the previous process. Puzzle pieces are created to collage it in different manner. This is done to enhance the sense of unexpectedness. Observations and processes are then recorded.

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Collage 1: Composed based on materiality

Collage 3: Compased based on lines

Collage 2: Composed based on contrasts

Collage 1 The shadows were overlaying on top of each other with its different intensity of shadows. This light collage make me wonder why the shadows are “blurred” and wonder how such forms of shadows and light gaps could be created. The shadows were blurring regardless of the distance of the object and its light source as shown in the images. The sense of “mystery” was felt strongly in this collage.

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Collage 2 Different types of gaps are observed depends on the mediums used. Observations and recordings show that paper crisps and crack lines is well defined under the light. Thickness and thinness of the materiality is revealed by the light as well. 19

20 20

The results reminded me how abstract art would look like. It shows an unrecognizable subject which does not relate to anything at all. The overlaying of shadows and gaps are observed increases the sense of unpredictability. Sharp lines and dotted lights seem interesting. Unforeseen light gaps between structures seem intriguing as well as it was not my intention to create those gaps. Unpredictable outcome was observed which evokes the intensity of emotions of a being.

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Collage 3

22 22

THE EXPLORATION PROCESSES TO CREATE UNEXPECTED LIGHT CHINKS

Conclusion A diverse range of Materials are being explored during the stage of the exploration process (creating unexpected light chinks). A further explanation of such materials would be covered in the later stage of the portfolio. The intention of this exploration process is to apply the knowledge and understanding of unpredictable chinks of light into a practical enviroment in Singapore. This unpredictable light chinks creates a sense of unexpectedness. This unexpectedness could benefit certain type of spaces. Spaces that have expectedness such as living spaces (HDB).

Comprehension of site context is important to evaluate if exploration processes and researches of light could be applied into a site in Singapore.

HDB In Singapore & Issues Faced

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Application Process

>HDB In Singapore >Mundanity In HDB Spaces >Investigation on Mundanity

HDB In Singapore Public housing in Singapore is managed by the Housing and Development Board (HDB). At 15 February 2017, 80% of the resident population live in HDB. There are a large variety of flat types and layouts which cater to various housing budgets. HDB flats were built primarily to provide affordable housing for everyone. Due to changing demands, there were more up-market public housing developments in recent years.

Mundanity In HDB spaces HDB is everywhere in Singapore as shown on the map. It makes up most of the buildings in Singapore. Having the same cubic design concept for most of the HDB created a boring and mundane lifestyle to most of the residences in Singapore. All HDB looked almost the same but with different paintings. Residences in Singapore tried dealing with this mundane situation in various ways but failed to do so. Such solutions created by the residences is the â€œGolden Staircaseâ€?.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Investigation on Mundanity Spaces like the carparks, void decks, corridors and even the playgrounds are mundane to most of the residences living in this area. The survey is conducted at Singapore 680615. My design would help resolve the problem faced in Corridor spaces in this area.

50 people

Why are the spaces mundane to you? > I walk pass that place everyday before work (void deck).

Do you feel that this neighbourhood is boring and mundane?

> It is a space where i walk pass everyday when starting my day and when i am ending my day ( Corridor Space).

Yes

> I see it everyday (Badminton Court).

94% 06%

> It is the route i take when i send my kids to school (void deck). > I walk this route to the market everyday (void deck) > It is just outside my house. I see it everyday when i am watering my plants (Corridor Spaces). >I hang my family clothes outside my house everyday (Corridor Spaces).

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

HDB Survey About Mundanity

Most of the answers here are repeated. What is the most mundane space to you in this HDB estate?

Badminton Court

Corridor Spaces

50% 10% 12% 20% 08%

Void Deck Spaces

Carpark Spaces Playground

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Site Selection & Design Intention >Site Selection >Creating an Identity for Each HDB >Design Intention for Corridor Spaces >About Corridor Spaces >Site Material Analysis >Domesticity In Corridor Spaces

Site Selection The site selected is a HDB located at the north-west of Singapore (Choa Chu Kang Street 62). It is a HDB that was built about 20 years ago. The mundane spaces selected for analysis are the corridors of blocks 611-616.

32 32

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Creating an Identity for Each HDB Individual blocks have its own identity and itâ€™s differentiated with colours. This concept is used for my parapet design that would be covered later. However, instead of using colours, materials would be used to differentiate from each other. An example is a HDB estate at Rochor where each individual building has its own unique colour.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Metal Block, 614 Plastic Block, 611 Wood Block, 616 Foam Block, 615 Paper Block, 613 Leaf Block, 612

Design Intention for Corridor Spaces The design intention of this project is to apply the knowledge and understanding of unpredictable chinks of light into everyday mundane spaces. These unpredictable lights are understood through various experimentation processes. Mundanity is a very common feeling that everyone experiences in their everyday lives. It is a boring and sterile feeling that provides our rhythm of life. Mundanity causes people to walk through spaces without the appreciation the surroundings. It is the sense of expectedness in the space. Knowing that emotions are generally generated at times of sudden change; unexpectedness customarily generates emotions which are usually positively tied in with emotional intensity. Using light chinks as a main medium to enhance the sense of unexpectedness of the corridor space helps increase positive emotional intensity of mundane spaces. My personal project will be dealing with mundane spaces in Singapore and using mediums such as using unpredictable light chinks to alter the emotions that are evoked by the space.

Article on Public Interior Space By Maurice Harteveld & Denise Scott Brown

Maurice Harteveld and Denise Scott Brown discuss that the proportion of public spaces within city buildings has steadily increased, with the majority of it forming part of a larger interior and exterior pedestrian system. However, even with its large proportion and its important role in our urban experience, it is rarely designed to be a part of user experience. Prompted by the disconnection between the transitional spaces in an interior, Maurice Harteveld analyses that interior public spaces can be accorded significant and notable roles that add to the experience of the people using it daily. Agreeing to this, this project explores ways in which HDB transitional corridor spaces can be designed as a solution to mundanity.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Site Material Analysis A total of 10 different materials are found in the corridor space. They are either the structural elements or objects in the space. These materials could be used for the material filters which would be explained later in my portfolio.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Main Structural Elements Materials Due To Domesticity Inner Structural Elements

Article on Public Interior Space

Domesticity In Corridor Spaces

By Maurice Harteveld & Denise Scott Brown

Sun Paths affected the domestic activities that are beyond the interior homes. The location of the resting space is at the darkest area of the corridor and the laundry are placed at the area where most of the sunlight is present. 40 40

Residences created domestic spaces not only in their homes but within the corridor spaces as well. Domestic activities such as gardening, creating storage spaces, prayers and resting places are created based on their individual preferences.

Storage spaces are created based on the structural design of the corridor. Excess spaces that are not within the walkway will be occupied with objects.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Plants are placed along the corridor where the amount of sunlight received is the highest. It is placed in a linear manner due to the structure of the corridor.

Prayer altars are placed outside the interior homes as well. It is usually placed beside the door of the homes or opposite the door of the home.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Sun Studies >Site Sun Analysis >N-E-S-W Corridor >Corridor Sun Analysis

Site Sun Analysis The light and shadows generated at the site changes at different times of the day. Its length, shape and concentration of light chinks/shadows are affected based on the sunâ€™s direction. Surrounding Objects such as trees and buildings affects the light that is being casted into the corridor spaces.

Morning

Afternoon

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Evening

North-South-East-West Corridor

Level 1 , 3PM

Level 2, 3PM

Level 3, 3PM

Level 4, 3PM

Level 5, 3PM

Level 6, 3PM

Blue lines, Yellow lines,Red faces and Green faces shows corridors facing north, west,east and south respectively. The amounts of sunlight casted at these corridors are different at different times of the day depending on the direction of sun. Corridors facing the same direction would receive the same amount of sunlight regardless what floor it is located (2nd floor onwards). Light casted on the first floor are always different from the rest. Objects such as trees would affect the chinks of light occurring on the first floor.

Conclusion of Sun Studies This analysis helps enable one to understand which part of the day a corridor would be receiving little amount of light. Artificial lighting could be used on corridors that is receiving low amount of light chinks at different times of the day.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Amount of Light in Units (Estimation)

8am 11am 2pm 5pm 6pm

North

East

South

West

Corridors Facing East Corridors Facing South Corridors Facing North Corridors Facing West

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Manipulating Light with Parapet Design >Manipulating Light Chinks Using Material Filters (Day & Night) >Creating Parapet Filters for Parapet Design >Light Beam Analysis >HDB Parapet Design >Parapet Lighting Design

50 50

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

This section explores manipulating light chinks using material filters for day and night. This is achieved by altering the material physical appearance according to its material properties.

Creating Parapet Filters For Parapet Design A set of swatches are created for each HDB. Each piece of swatch could be used for each level of the HDB. A total of 6 different material swatches are created. These swatches will be inserted in-between the gap created in the parapet. These material swatches will be coated with transparent acrylic just like the preserved seeds at the seed cathedral.

Airdâ€™s lane Installation:

Designed by Richard Wright Light chinks created from textured glass seem interesting. Will the material filters produce something similar or something very different?

Seed Cathedral:

Designed by Thomas Heatherwick A close up view of preserved seeds in rods. A method of preserving objects seems intriguing.

Top Shelter

Location to insert material filter

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Parapet

Light Beam Analysis The corridor sketches shows how lights enters through the gaps created by the material filter within the parapet and into the corridor space. A total of 3 beams of light would be entering the space. They are the natural light entering the open space between the parapet and the ceiling and through the material gaps. The 2 light entering could be collaging with each other creating a collage of lights. It is the overlaying of light from 2 different areas. This would happen depending on the sun direction. It might be separated and it might be overlaying each other.

Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,1960: Planned by architect Oscar Niemeyer Layering of different light intensities and shadows created a sense of unexpectedness in the space.

Process Models During Exploration Stages: Modelled by Author, Collage of lights showing layers of different light exposures.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

1400

SCHOOL: GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

HANDRAIL ABOVE PARAPET (STEEL) 3" SS BOLT AND NUT

PARAPET EXPLODED VIEW CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

PLASTER ON GRID PLASTER

FLORECENT LIGHTS

GLASS BARRIER FOR SAFETY PURPOSES BRICK CLADDING

PROJECT TITLE: HDB CORRIDOR

1100

GLASS BARRIER FOR SAFETY PURPOSES

2ND FLOOR

ALLOWANCE GIVEN FOR MATERIAL FILTER

DRAWING

DETAIL DRAWING

PLACING OF FILTER (METAL/PLASTIC/WOOD/PAPER/LEAF/FOAM)

REINFORCE BY STEEL GRID

PLASTER WITH BRICK CLADDING FOR PARAPET FRAME TITLE:

CONCRETE

NOTES: MATERIAL FILTER

DRAWN BY:

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

300

GLASS

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

500

SCALE:

AS SHOWN DATE:

250

STEEL ANGLE

03-03-2018

1ST FLOOR

200

DRAWING NO.:

3" SS BOLT AND NUT HDB CORRIDOR ROOFING WITH MATERIAL FILTER MATERIAL FILTER

Â°

5 12

ACRYLIC COATING

INSULATION

395

CONCRETE FLOORING AT CORRIDOR SPACE

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

HDB Parapet Design ID 1.003

REV/DATE:

The drawings show how the parapet design can be constructed at a corridor space of a HDB. Safety is also ensured by placing a glass barrier to prevent the residences to be contacted with the material filters which could be hazardous.

636

DETAIL DRAWING SCALE : NOT DRAWN TO SCALE

Parapet Lighting Design The light chinks and shadows casted on the concrete changes at different times of the day. Not only that, the position of the shadows and light chinks changes and stretches in a much unexpected way. Light tubes are installed in the parapet to ensure the design to be continued at night as well and at times where light is not sufficient. There are allowances created for the material filter. Florescent tubes are along the concrete frame of the parapet to allow the lighting effect to work at night as well. This light is linked with the main light circuit at the corridor spaces. This enables both areas to be lighted up simultaneously when the space gets dark.

Article by Marietta Millet Light and materials are always associated together. The method of utilizing light to draw out the contrasts of various materials used in a space is done by most Great Architects. Objects within the interiors of the corridor would be affected by both the natural and artificial lighting. This would be shown later in the portfolio.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL: GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

F 01 3 NOS. (PER LEVEL) FLUORESCENT TUBE FOR STANDARD CORRIDOR SPACE

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

F 02 1x16 NOS. (PER LEVEL) FLUORESCENT TUBE 1 TUBE PER METAL SHEET

DRAWING TITLE: LIGHTING SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

ABDUL J CHECKED BY:

SCALE:

AS SHOW DATE:

04-03-20 DRAWING NO.: ID 1.002

REV/DA

LEGEND: F 01

ZJ-236, 3X36W, 320X32X28

F 02

ZJ-118, 16X18W, 274X24X24

Parapet Blocks The parapets of 6 different blocks are redesigned. The blocks are now called the wood, metal, plastic, paper and leaf blocks. The materials are altered differently based on their properties and their alterations are recorded. The light chinks created interesting results.

>Chinks of Light Through Metals >Results Of Metal Bendings >Bending Types >About the Parapet (Material Transition) >Results of Light Chinks

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Metal Block

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Chinks of Light Through Metals The metal sheets that would be used in this corridor space are malleable. They are bent repeatedly to create gaps within the material. The gaps created are against your own will and it is not within your control. It breaks according to the tension that is applied on the material. They are gaps that are created with the intention to create but look unintentional.

M01

M03

M05

M02

M04

M06

The results are different every time and it will never be the same making unpredictable results. Examples of the results are shown in M01-M06.

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

M 01

SUBTLE VERTICAL BENT ALUMINIUM PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

M 02

DRAWING TITLE: FORCEFUL VERTICAL BENT ALUMINIUM SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: M 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

SUBTLE HORIZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

SCALE:

AS SHOWN DATE:

M 04

FORCEFUL HORIZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM10-12-2017 DRAWING NO.: ID 2.001

M 05

M 06

REV/DATE:

SUBTLE VERTICAL & HORIZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM LEGEND: M 01

SUBTLE VERTICAL BENT ALUMINIUM

M 02

RIGOUROUS VERTICAL BENT ALUMINIUM

SUBTLE DIAGONAL BENT ALUMINIUM M 03

SUBTLE HORZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM

M 04

RIGOUROUS HORIZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM

M 05

SUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL BENT ALUMINIUM

M 06

SUBTLE DIAGONAL BENT ALUMINIUM

Results of Metal Bending There are a total of 8 metal sheets used for each row of parapet. The metals are bent differently for M01-M06. M01 is bent horizontally and vertically repeatedly with minimal pressure. This created horizontal and vertical material gaps as shown. M02 and M03 are bent horizontally creating horizontal material gaps. M03 is also bent horizontally. However, the different pressures applied created different kind of horizontal gaps. M04 shows the diagonal bending of the metal creating material gaps that are diagonal and all over the place. M05 shows the vertical bending of the metal with huge amount of pressure on it. It created small gaps within the material. M06 shows the similar bending direction of the metal but using minimal pressure creating gaps that are slightly thinner than M05. Every bending process turns out to be different and unique which makes the results unexpected. However the amount of bents, the direction of bents and the pressure applied to the bents can alter the emotions that are being evoked out of the material. The similarity found in the metal bending process is the sharpness of light chinks produced by the gaps of the material. Not only that, the reflectivity of the material also affects the area of light that is supposed to be produced.

M02

M03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

M01

M04

M05

M06

Methodologies of 6 Different Metal Bending

The metal is bent horizontally and vertically repeatedly at a range of 8-11 bents. An estimation of about “20N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets.

Horizontal and Vertical Bendings

Horizontal Bending (Subtle)

The Metal is bent horizontally repeatedly at a range of 8-11 bents as well. An estimation of about “25N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets. The different amount of force and different amount of gaps affects the characteristics of the material gaps that are being produced. The estimation of force is used to explain the amount of force used for each medium. It is uncalculated for these experiments.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Horizontal & Vertical Bending

Horizontal Bendings

Horizontal Bending The metal is bent horizontally repeatedly at a range of 8-11 bents. A total of about “30N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets.

Horizontal Bendings

Diagonal Bending The Metal is bent horizontally repeatedly at a range of 8-11 bents as well. A total of about “40N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets. Although it is using a large amount of force on this diagonal bending, the amount of material gaps created is minimal. The different amount of force and different amount of gaps affects the characteristics of the material gaps that are being produced. Diagonal Bendings

The metal is bent vertically repeatedly at a range of 5-8 bents. A total of about “20N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets. The results are similar to horizontal bending.

Vertical Bendings

Vertical Bending (Minimal Pressure) The metal is bent vertically repeatedly at a range of 5-8 bents. A total of about “10N” force was used per bent on these metal sheets.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Vertical Bending

Vertical Bendings (Minimal Pressure)

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The physical results of the metal bending are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

These sketches show the results of the light chinks of different levels (HDB) in the morning. The results of each level are different due to the characteristics of the material filter. The results produced on the material and the space evokes different emotions and it varies from floor to floor. The sketches show the location of the light chinks on the concrete floor of the space. Light chinks are created only on the concrete floor in the morning and it creates 3 contrasting shades on the floor itself. One of the shades is created by the beam of light entering the gap between the shelter and the parapet. The second shade is created by the light entering the parapet and lastly it is the concrete floor that receives minimal amount of ambient light creating the darkest shade of colour on the concrete. The results were astonishing as the material filter in the parapet managed to control the intensity of the sunlight entering through its gaps as well.

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

The sketches show the location of the light chinks on the concrete floor and the objects in the space. Light chinks created 3 contrasting shades on the floor itself. These contrasting shades are created by the beam of light entering the gap between the shelter and the parapet and from the parapet itself. In the afternoon, light chinks from the shelter starts to cast on the objects in the space creating colour contrasts that varies depending on the object original colour. This intriguing result is due to the change of sun direction and sun intensity.

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

The sketches show the location of the light chinks on the concrete floor and the objects in the space. Light chinks created 4 contrasting shades on the floor itself. In the late afternoon, light chinks from the shelter starts to cast on the objects in the space creating colour contrasts that varies depending on the object original colour. Overlaying of light chinks is observed and it created a collage of lights on the objects or on the concrete floor. These lights are casted from the parapet and from the shelter. When light entering this 2 elements meet, the results created becomes different as well.

Corridors Facing East Only 74

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

Conclusion Metals are used as the main material for the metal block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of bending the metal creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

76 76

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Plastic (PVDF) Block >Chinks Of Light Through PVDF >Results Of Plastic Hammering >Analysis Of Cracked Plastic >About the Parapet (Material Transition) >Results of Light Chinks

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Chinks of Light Through PVDF The plastic used in this corridor space would be PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) plastic. It is a plastic that has chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, flame resistance, and UV stability. This plastic is hammered repeatedly at a certain point till cracks are formed. The cracks created gaps that allows light to pass through. The creations of the gaps are against your will and itâ€™s not within your control. They are gaps that are created with the intention to create but look unintentional.

P01

P02

P03

P05

P06

The amount of hammering locations increases as the floor level goes up (P01-P06). The intensity of the cracks increases as the amount of hammering location increase. Due to the unknown location of the cracks, a sense of unpredictability is created. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane corridor space which would generate positive emotions to alter the moods of the people using this space.

P04

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

P 01

ONE POINT HAMMERING PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

P 02

DRAWING TITLE: TWO POINT HAMMERING SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: P 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

THREE POINT HAMMERING

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

SCALE:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

AS SHOWN DATE:

P 04

FOUR POINT HAMMERING DRAWING NO.: ID 3.001

P 05

P 06

05-04-2018 REV/DATE:

FIVE POINT HAMMERING LEGEND: P 01

ONE POINT HAMMERING

P 02

TWO POINT HAMMERING

SIX POINT HAMMERING P 03

THREE POINT HAMMERING

P 04

fOUR POINT HAMMERING

P 05

FIVE POINT HAMMERING

P 06

SIX POINT HAMMERING

Results Of Plastic Hammering There are a total of 5 plastic sheets used for each row of parapet. P01 shows the creation of cracks made from the hammering on a single point. P02 onwards shows the creation of cracks made from the hammering at multiple points. The more the points, the more complicated the light chinks would be. This complication could lead to a sense of unexpectedness as well. The points chosen are not random. It is based on locations where a crack did not occur. The locations of the points are not the same as the results of the cracking of any point is always different. Every hammering process turns out to be different and unique which makes the results unexpected. However the amount of hammers, the location of the points and the pressure applied to the hammering can alter the emotions that are being evoked out of the material. The similarity found in the acrylic hammering process is the sharp lines produced by the cracking. These lines created leading lines from one end of the parapet to another end when composed well. The light created reflects the characteristics of what the material have created.

P02

P03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

P01

P04

P05

P06

The Uncovered Methodologies of 6 Different Plastic Hammerings

Pressure Points

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

One Point Cracking

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

One Point Cracking

Pressure Points

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

Pressure Points

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

One Point Cracking

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

One Point Cracking

Pressure Points

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

Pressure Points

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

One Point Cracking

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

One Point Cracking

Pressure Points

Light Chinks Locations

No. Of Hammers Per Point

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The 2 different materials that are found on the parapet are plastic and concrete. The physical results of the cracked plastic are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

Corridors Facing East Only 96

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

Plastic (PVDF) are used as the main material for the plastic block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion

100

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Wood Block Chinks of Light Through Wood Results of Wood Gaps Experiments on W01-W06 About the Parapet (Material Transition) Results of Light Chinks

101

102

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

103

Chinks of Light Through Wood The wood used in this corridor space would be balsa wood. This wood is burnt at a certain point till gaps are formed. The burnt gaps allows light to pass through. The creations of the gaps are against your will and not within your control. They are gaps that created with the intention to create yet looking unintentional as well. The amount of burnt locations/timing of burning increases as the floor level goes up (W01-W06). The intensity of the burnt gaps increases as the amount of burnt points/ burnt timing increases.

W01

W02

W03

W05

W06

The locations of the burnt gaps/burnt areas (black spots) are predictable as the gaps are formed around the burning point. However, the shape and form of the burnt gaps created a sense of unpredictability. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane corridor space. This unexpectedness would generate positive emotions which could alter the moods of the people using this space.

W04

104

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

W 01

ONE POINT BURNING, 5 SEC BURNING PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

W 02

DRAWING TITLE: ONE POINT BURNING, 10 SEC BURNING SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: W 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

ONE POINT BURNING, 15 SEC BURNING

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

SCALE:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

AS SHOWN DATE:

W 04

TWO POINT BURNING, 10 SEC TOTAL DRAWING NO.: ID 4.001

W 05

REV/DATE:

THREE POINT BURNING, LEGEND: 15 SEC TOTAL W 01

W 06

08-04-2018

ONE POINT BURNING , 5 SEC BURNING

W 02 ONE POINT BURNING, 10 SEC BURNING FOUR POINT BURNING, 20 SEC TOTAL W 03

ONE POINT BURNING, 15 SEC BURNING

W 04

TWO POINT BURNING, 10 SECONDS TOTAL

W 05

THREE POINT BURNING, 15 SECONDS TOTAL

W 06

FOUR POINT BURNING, 20 SECONDS TOTAL

105

Results of Wood Gaps There are a total of 5 balsa pieces used for each row of parapet. The wood is burnt differently for W01-W06. W01, W02, W03 shows the creation of burnt gaps made from a single point for 5 seconds, 10 seconds and 15 seconds respectively. This was to make a comparison between 3 different burn timings and to understand the type of gaps would be created differently. W04, W05, W06 shows the creation of burnt gaps at multiple points and 5 seconds are given for each burning point. W04, W05 and W06 show the results of burning points of 2, 3 and 4 points respectively. This was to make a comparison on the results of having multiple burning points. The points chosen are not random. It is based on locations where a burnt did not occur. The locations of the points are not the same as the results of the burning of any point is always different. Every burning process turns out to be different and unique which makes the results unexpected. However the duration of the burning and type of flame can alter the emotions that are being evoked out of the material. The similarity found in the wood burning process is the creation of â€œcircularâ€? forms that seems circular and distorted randomly. This random distortion resulted in random light distortions casted into the HDB interiors which was the contributing factor to its unexpectedness.

106

W02

W03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

W01

W04

W05

W06

107

Results of Wood : One point burning, 5 seconds

Burning Point

Area of burns

108

Burning Point

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of Wood : One point burning, 10 seconds

Area of burns

109

Results of Wood : One point burning, 15 seconds

Burning Point

Area of burns

110

Burning Point

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of Wood : Two point burning, 10 seconds total

Area of burns

111

Results of Wood : Three point burning, 10 seconds total

Burning Point

Area of burns

112

Burning Point

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of Wood : Four point burning, 10 seconds total

Area of burns

113

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The 2 different materials that are found on the parapet are wood and concrete. The physical results of the burnt wood are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

114

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

115 115

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

Corridors Facing East Only 116

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

117

118

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion Balsa is used as the main material for the wood block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

119

120

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Foam Block >Chinks of Light Through Foam >Results of Foam Gaps >Experiments of Gaps In Foam >About the Parapet (Material Transition) >Results of Light Chinks

121

122

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

123

Chinks of Light Through Foam Foam is used in this parapet. This foam is torn at various direction. The tearing created gaps that allows light to pass through. The creations of the gaps are against your will and itâ€™s not within your control. The only thing that is within your control would be the direction of the tear. They are gaps that are created with the intention to create but look unintentional.

F01

F02

F03

F05

F06

Due to the uneven edges created by the tearing process, a sense of unpredictability is created. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane corridor space. This unexpectedness would generate positive emotions which could alter the moods of the people using this space.

F04

124

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

F 01

HORIZONTAL TEARING, CLOSE GAPS PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

F 02

DRAWING TITLE: HORIZONTAL TEARING, FAR APART GAPS SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: F 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

VERTICAL TEARING, CLOSE APART GAPS

SCALE:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

AS SHOWN DATE:

F 04

VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL TEARING DRAWING NO.: ID 5.001

F 05

F 06

08-04-2018 REV/DATE:

DIAGONAL TEARING, CLOSE APART GAPS LEGEND: F 01

HORIZONTAL TEARING, CLOSE GAPS

F 02

HORIZONTAL TEARING, FAR APART GAPS

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL TEARING F 03

VERTICAL TEARING, CLOSE APART GAPS

F 04

VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL TEARNING

F 05

DIAGONAL TEARING, CLOSE APART GAPS

F 06

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL TEARING

125

Results of Foam Gaps There are a total of 5 foam sheets used for each row of parapet. The foams are torn differently for F01-F06. F01, F02 shows the creation of uneven edges from the tearing on a single direction (horizontally). The difference between F01, F02 is the type of gap created which is a narrow and a wide gap. These 2 experimentations are made to understand if there is a different in the type of light chinks created from 2 similar types of tearing with a little alteration with the material placing. F03 is a vertical tearing. The results are the same as F01 but due to the arrangement of the material, a type of repetition is created that created a different sense of emotion in the material. F04 is a combination of F01 and F03. It is the tearing of material vertically and horizontally. Interesting gaps was created that was different from F01-F03. F05 is a combination of F01 and F03 as well but it is a pattern of horizontal tiles and vertical tiles. This created a sense of repetition and an irregular pattern as well. F06 is a diagonal tearing at a single direction. Although the types of gaps seem similar, the direction of the gaps makes it different from the rest of the experiments. Every tearing process turns out to be different and unique which makes the results unexpected.

126

F02

F03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

F01

F04

F05

F06

127

Experiments of Gaps In Foam This experiments show the type of light chinks created from experiments F01-F06. The results are different and it is not replicable. The shaded areas show the area of light. The light created seems more harsh compared to the previous experiments (Metal, Wood and Plastic). The edges of the material are very jagged creating jagged type of light chinks as well.

128

F01 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

F01 Horizontal Tear

F02 Horizontal Tear

F02 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

129

F03 Vertical Tear

F03 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

F04 Horizontal Tear & Vertical Tear

F04 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

130

F05 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

F05 Diagonal Tear

F06 Horizontal Tear & Vertical Tear

F06 Light Chinks (Shaded areas)

131

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The 2 different materials that are found on the parapet are foam and concrete. The physical results of the torn foam are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

132

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

133

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

Corridors Facing East Only 134

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

135

136

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion Foam is used as the main material for the foam block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

137

138

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Paper Block Chinks of Light Through Paper Results of Paper Gaps Experiments of Gaps In Paper About the Parapet (Material Transition) Results of Light Chinks

139

140

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

141

Chinks of Light Through Paper Paper is used in this corridor space. This is paper is made wet first before creating its gaps. Hands are used to remove some paper particles on its surface. Translucency and gaps are created after removing some paper particles. This henceforth allows light to pass through. The creations of the gaps are against you will and itâ€™s not within your control. They are gaps that are created with the intention to create but look unintentional.

A01

A02

A03

A05

A06

The amount of rubbing on the surface increases as the floor level goes up. The intensity of the light chinks increase based on the amount of paper remaining on its surface. Due to unknown amount of light entering the paper, a sense of unpredictability is created. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane corridor space. This unexpectedness would generate positive emotions which could alter the moods of the people using this space.

A04

142

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

A 01

LIGHT RADIANCE 15-25 RUBS PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

A 02

DRAWING TITLE: SMALL TEARS, SECTIONAL 25-40 RUBS PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: A 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

MEDIUM TEARS, 40-50 RUBS

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

SCALE:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

AS SHOWN DATE:

A 04

08-04-2018 MEDIUM TEARS WITH TEAR LINES, 10-20 RUBS DRAWING NO.: ID 6.001

A 05

A 06

REV/DATE:

2 POINT TEARING, 20-35 RUBS LEGEND: A 01

LIGHT RADIANCE 15-25 RUBS

A 02

SMALL TEARS, 25-40 RUBS

3 POINT TEARING, 20-30 RUBS A 03

MEDIUM TEARS, 40-50 RUBS

A 04

MEDIUM TEARS WITH TEAR LINES, 10-20 RUBS

A 05

2 POINT TEARING, 20-35 RUBS

A 06

3 POINT TEARING, 20-30 RUBS

143

Results of Paper Gaps There are a total of 5 paper sheets used for each row of parapet. The amount of paper particles removed is different for A01-A06 A01-A04 shows the removal of paper particles at a single point. However the number of rubs made on the paper is different. The amount of rubs determines the size of the gap. However it was not the case for A04. A04 shows that with little amount of rubbing, the size of gap is similar that of A03. A04 was an experiment that shows that with more pressure, bigger gaps could be created on the paper but tears will be created at the side of the gaps. This is very interested as those tears gives out light glares as well. A05 and A06 show the removal of paper particles at multiple points. The results are uniquely different from A01-A04. These experiments shows that the amount of pressure applied on the paper and the amount of particles removed on the surface of the paper affects the results drastically. The location of light chinks seems slightly predictable but the location of the translucency that allows subtle amount of light in the material seems unpredictable.

144

A02

A03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

A01

A04

A05

A06

145

Methodologies of 6 Different Paper Alterations

146

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of A01

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

147

Results of A02

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

148

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of A03

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

149

Results of A04

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

150

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Results of A05

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

151

Results of A06

Light Chinks And Light Radiance

Amount of Rubs To Create Gaps

152

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

153

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The 2 different materials that are found on the parapet are paper and concrete. The physical results of the paper are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

154

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

155

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

Corridors Facing East Only 156

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

157

158

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion Paper is used as the main material for the Paper block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

159

160

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

The Leaf Block Chinks of Light Through Leaves Creating Leaf Tiles Results of Leaf Gaps About the Parapet (Material Transition) Results of Light Chinks

161

162

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

163

Chinks of Light Through Leaves Patterns of leaf are used for this corridor parapet. The patterns are categorized into 6 groups. The leaves found are skeletonized or left large holes. These holes/gaps are created in the process of rotting or insects such as caterpillars eating on the leaves which are unintentional, unpredictable and natural. This leaves were placed over a light box to observe the type of light chinks it could create. The translucency, the cracks and the size of gaps in the leaves are all different. There are also gaps in the leaves that are unnoticed unless having bright light to expose it.

B01

B02

B03

B05

B06

Due to unknown amount of light entering the leaves, a sense of unpredictability is created. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane corridor space. This unexpectedness would generate positive emotions which could alter the moods of the people using this space.

B04

164

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF THE ART

BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONOURS IN INTERIOR DESIGN

CLIENT: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD

B 01

LEAVES WITH HUGE GAPS MADE BY INSECTS PROJECT TITLE: CHINKS OF LIGHT IN CORRIDOR SPACES

B 02

DRAWING TITLE: LEAVES WITH HUGE GAPS MADE BY INSECTS SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

DRAWN BY:

NOTES: B 03

FIGURED DIMENSIONS SHALL BE TAKEN IN PREFERRED TO SCALED DIMENSION. ANY DISCREPANCY MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO DESIGNER BEFORE PROCEEDING RELEVANT.

ABDUL JAMALIH CHECKED BY:

LEAVES WITH SMALL GAPS MADE BY INSECTS SCALE:

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

SCHOOL:

AS SHOWN DATE:

B 04

15-04-2018 LEAVES WITH SMALL GAPS MADE BY INSECTS DRAWING NO.: ID 7.001

B 05

B 06

REV/DATE:

GAPS THAT ARE NOT VISIBLE TILL LIGHT IS EXPOSED LEGEND: B 01

LEAVES WITH HUGE GAPS MADE BY INSECTS

B 02

LEAVES WITH HUGE GAPS MADE BY INSECTS

GAPS THAT ARE NOT VISIBLE TILL LIGHT IS EXPOSED B 03

LEAVES WITH SMALL GAPS MADE BY INSECTS

B 04

LEAVES WITH SMALL GAPS MADE BY INSECTS

B 05

GAPS THAT ARE NOT VISIBLE TILL LIGHT IS EXPOSED

B 06

GAPS THAT ARE NOT VISIBLE TILL LIGHT IS EXPOSED

165

Creating Leaf Tiles There are a total of 30 leaf tiles made from 30 different. Each tile is made by zooming in to a specific part of a leaf that seems intriguing. Despite having leaves from the same tree, the identity of each leaf is different. The shape, size, colour, gap and the size of gap makes up the identity of each leaf. This made each leaf tile unique at its own way.

166

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

167

Results of Leaf Gaps There are a total of 5 leaf tiles used for each row of parapet. They are categorized into 6 categories. B01 and B02 are tiles showing leaves with large skeletonized holes made by insects. B03 and B04 are tiles showing leaves with small skeletonized holes that are made by insects as well. B05 and B06 are tiles showing leaves with holes that could not be seen unless revealed by strong lighting. They are holes created due to disintegration. All the gaps created are unique and natural. No alterations were made for this process. However due to the enlargement of a small area of a particular leaf, the gaps could be seen easier by the human eye. Hence creating an experience where we could see the skeletonized holes of a leaf in a bigger scale. Due to unknown amount of light entering the leaf tile, a sense of unpredictability is created. This unpredictability helps in increasing the sense of unexpectedness in this mundane interior space. This unexpectedness would generate positive emotions which could alter the moods of the people using this space.

168

B02

B03

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

B01

B04

B05

B06

169

The 6 Different Leaf Patterns

170

Radiance of Light Around Overexposed Areas

B01

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Areas of Light And Darkness

Radiance of Light Around Overexposed Areas

B02

171

Areas of Light And Darkness

B03

Radiance of Light Around Overexposed Areas

Areas of Light And Darkness

B04

172

Radiance of Light Around Overexposed Areas

B05

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Areas of Light And Darkness

Radiance of Light Around Overexposed Areas

B06

173

About the Parapet (Material Transition) This experiment shows the transition of 2 different materials at a single parapet. The 2 different materials that are found on the parapet are leaf tiles and concrete. The physical results of the leaf tiles are being copied over to the concrete to create a smooth transition between 2 different materials. Light chinks produced by these 2 materials are recorded as shown. The concrete imitate of the original material could be created with a mold.

174

APPLICATION OF OF DESIGN DESIGN EXPLORATIONS EXPLORATIONS AND AND RESEARCHES RESEARCHES INTO INTO SITE SITE CONTEXT CONTEXT APPLICATION

175

Results of Light Chinks (Morning)

Morning (9am)

Results of Light Chinks (Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

Afternoon (1pm)

Results of Light Chinks (Late Afternoon)

LEVEL 2

Late Afternoon (5pm)

Corridors Facing East Only 176

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

LEVEL 5

LEVEL 6

LEVEL 7

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

LEVEL 5

177

178

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion Leaf is used as the main material for the leaf block. Every floor evokes different feelings creating a unique corridor identity from each other. The materials used for every floor is the same yet the results are different due to the light chinks entering the interior of the HDB. Each floor has its own methodology of creating its own unique style of light chinks. The outcomes are unexpected and henceforth increasing the sense of unexpectedness.

179

180

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

About The Parapets >Manufacturing Process >Pattern Combinations >Benefits of Design >HDB Exterior Appearances

181

182

Manufacturing the material filters would be the same process as the model just that it would be of actual scale. Machinery such as hydraulic power leaf brake machine (for metal) and hammer chain machine (for acrylic) could be used to reduce the amount efforts used on the creation of filters. The cutting of wood and paper could be done by machine but the creation of material gaps needs to be done by hand. Moulds will be made to copy different material gaps into the concrete parapet. The leaf block would be fully made out of concrete

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Manufacturing of Material Filters

183

Parapet Material Combinations Combining of different materials too could be done for the HDB parapet. This would enhance the sense of unexpectedness as well. However the identity of the HDB block might be lost by doing this. In order to prevent that, materials used at the single block should not be used to another block within the same neighbourhood.

Benefits of Design Changing the light exposures and creating different light exposures within the space helps alter the levels of 2 types of hormones in the human body. They are the melatonin and serotonin hormones. This design helps increase their serotonin during the day and increase their melatoninduring the evening which helps boost their emotional intensity while entering this space Not only that, the sense of unexpected light chinks creates unexpectedness which would generate emotions that are positively tied in with emotional intensity. It is a design that deals with emotions and to create positive emotions. This would help deal with the mundanity issue faced in corridor spaces.

184

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

185

HDB Exterior Appearances The exterior of the HDB would not reveal the type of material properties easily die to the slightly tinted reflective acrylic. This would prevent the clashing of colours and gaps made by the material filters.

186

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

187

188

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

Conclusion A total of 6 different material HDB are created in this portfolio. The site chosen is just for example purposes only. This design could be applied to any HDB in Singapore. It is a new concept to differentiate neighborhood to neighborhood and blocks to blocks. Not only it has created a unique method to differentiate one another, it helps alter the moods of the residences living in there by creating unexpected light chinks entering towards their corridor spaces. Overall I feel that this design would be beneficial to society where mundanity is always present. 189

190

APPLICATION OF DESIGN EXPLORATIONS AND RESEARCHES INTO SITE CONTEXT

191