Jingjun Zheng, Rep2.18, Structure of Light-SEEK LIGHT

CONTENTS 8

18

PLACE

Site Plan Elevations 3D Views Access & movement Shade & Shadow

IDEA

Possiblities Idea Sketches Light Study I Luminostiy Case Study Design Process

24

36

FORM

Scale Plan Light Access Section Movement Elevation Arial Views Composition & Struc- Ground Views ture

MATERIAL

3D Views Night 3D Views Construction Detail Shadow & Light Light Study Case Study - Opacity Case Study - Filtration

1 Context Two lawns in between The Braggs, Molecular Life

Sciences, Ingkarni Wardli and the Engineering and Maths Sciences building. If you’re looking for a bench to sit on, these lawns are lined by picnic tables. A water bubbler stands in front of The Braggs entrance.

2 Site

Site

1:600

N

Daytime

Night time

Ground Views

Aerial Views

5

13.8

1:200

SITE INFORMATION

Provided the enough space between the tree can give more area for people to

enjoy the shadow. The lawns can also give people more free space when they do some activities on it.

14.64

49.42 9.4

N

1:600

Tree gap : 9.4m lawns’ length : 49.42m lawn’s width : 14.64m

ELEVATION

6 1:500

1:500

7

SUMMER

9am 12am 3pm

8

WINTER

9am 12am 3pm

9

SEEK LIGHT IS A DISCOVERY

POSSIBLITY 1

POSSIBLITY 2

Light of Roof

POSSIBLITY 3

Light of Wall

10 Light of Stairs

T

he view of outside has triangle which has different shape shadow to decorate the roof.The wall has the vertial glass to make the shadow more lively.Stairs have the gaps to let the

IDEA 1

IDEA 2

13

LIGHT STUDY

Linguistic definitions

In the 5th century BC, Empedocles proposed the assumption that everything consists of four elements: fire, air, earth and water. He believes that the human eye is made of Aphrodite by these four elements, and Aphrodite is burned in the eyes of the human being, thus illuminating the foreign objects to form a vision.

But if this is the case, then people who have nights should have the same vision. For this problem, Empedocles hypothesized a mechanism of solar light and line of sight mutual inductance to explain.

Around 300 BC, Euclid wrote his research on the nature of light in his book Optics. Euclidean conceived the direct propagation of light and mathematically studied and elaborated the law of reflection. He questioned the idea that vision produces light in the eye because it does not explain why the star can be seen immediately after blinking at night, unless the light from the eye spreads at a very fast speed.

When light and the intent of the physical space are in the same direction, the light space and the physical space will overlap and strengthen each other; and when the light and the entity create the intentional intent of the space, the light space and the physical space intersect, connect, Relationships and other relationships.The angle of light and illumination are different, and the visual effects will be completely different.

There are various kinds of stimuli in the environment. These stimuli form a feeling through the brain that the sensory organs transmit to the human brain. The brain uses the past knowledge or experience to explain the stimuli/feeling, and produces judgments and evaluations of the environment (environmental recognition Know), and respond to this action. The light environment will also have an impact on behavior and psychology through such procedures.

Crowding is a good example: a common phenomenon refers to a stressful state created by human perception after being influenced by density, other contextual factors, and certain personal characteristics. Under the same density conditions, if the light is darker and dark enough to see the details in the space, people will feel less secure, and subconsciously will habitually pile up in the crowd. Of course, you can also simply understand that the distance of half a meter is a relatively high-level force, so people will naturally choose this kind of forced behavior in a brighter environment, but it does not matter in the dark place, because the basic No one can see your face. . . That’s why bars, discos, and cafes all like to use dark lights; why at brighter restaurants, the brighter restaurants feel more crowded than those in dimly lit restaurants; why the office space under the flowing space provides far superiority Office experience in an old office building.

Philosophical meanings In the design process, we often use the lighting design to improve the safety of the space. As mentioned in the crowded example, the recognition of obstacles and the recognition of faces are related to the safety of space. The higher the illumination and brightness, the clearer the view and the safer it feels. By providing sufficient illumination for warning areas such as stairs, remote narrow spaces and corners, accidents and crime rates can be effectively reduced.

Sunlight is the light that is “burned” by the thermonuclear fusion reaction on the sun. After a long distance, the atmosphere is filtered and reaches the surface of the earth.It is precisely because of the most important natural light source of sunlight that the whole world can be colorful and colorful.“Light gives life to all things.” Because of “light,” the form, space, and detail of the building can be presented.At the same place, the intensity of light, the angle of illumination, the color temperature, etc., have been changing over time.There is a “shadow” in “light”. It is precisely because of the constant change of “light” that the original unchanging, lifeless architectural form and space become agile under the light of “light”, as if it has life.

“Light” is not only the most important source of life force, it also has a huge impact on people’s spirit. Because of this, we often use “sunshine” to describe a healthy character.The influence of “light” on the external form of the building is more in the visual effect. In addition to the visual effect, the influence of “light” on the indoor space is more significant for the spatial atmosphere and the user’s spiritual influence.

14

BACKGROUD The Louvre (French: Musée du Louvre) is located on the north bank of the Seine in the heart of Paris, France, at the top of the world’s four major museums.

Originally built in 1204, it was originally the royal palace of France. It has lived in 50 French kings and queens. It is one of the most precious buildings of the French Renaissance. It is famous for its rich collection of classical paintings and sculptures.

It is now the Louvre Museum, covering an area of​​ about 198 hectares. It is divided into new and old parts.

The pyramid-shaped glass entrance in front of the palace covers an area of ​​24 hectares and is designed by Chinese architectural master Pei Ming. On August 10, 1793, the Louvre Art Museum was officially opened to the public and became a museum.

The Louvre has become a world-famous art palace, one of the largest art treasures, and the world-famous palace of the world.

The shape of the pyramid is first of all rich in historical charm, which is in line with the requirements of the museum’s exterior design; the glass structure is built, the crystal is transparent and beautiful, echoes with the ancient Louvre, classical aesthetics and modern aesthetics. Impact, the effect is extraordinary. In addition, the glass structure will not obscure the appearance of the original main building of the Louvre, and the “glass pyramid” is actually the “part of the iceberg that is exposed to the water”. You can imagine the charm of the hibiscus.

CASE STUDY

LOUVRE AND YUMING PEI In the U-shaped square of the Louvre Museum, Pei Ming designed a huge glass pyramid as the entrance hall of the museum. The pyramid theoretically absorbs 15,000 visitors per hour. It is designed by IM Pei in accordance with the typical Egyptian pyramid scale. This crystal pyramid is modern and simple, and it blends with the ancient Louvre. Surrounded by decorative pools and fountains, the pyramids are complemented by several small pyramids with skylights that echo the main tower. IM Pei tried to use this “bright symbolic structure” to avoid looting the Louvre. He believes that no other expansion entity can gracefully blend with this palace that has been faded by time. A transparent pyramid reflects the honey-brown stones of the Louvre as a tribute to the lofty status of the building. The pyramid is the geometric figure of the largest building area in the smallest area, so it won’t be too eye-catching.

Interestingly, the pyramid made of high-tech materials is more ancient than the Louvre and more novel than it. This was not the first pyramid designed by IM Pei. Before that, he used a large number of pyramids to illuminate and connect the National Gallery of Art and its underground cloister.

17

DESIGN PROCESS

At the begining of this design, I read and found some elements of building which belong to Yuming Pei, and notice that The triangular symbol, whether it is a three-dimensional architectural structure or a decorative surface, is a symbol of its typical meaning due to its frequent appearance in Pei's works. It influences me a lot when I design my building, especially his famous work - Louvre. This unique builidng makes me think about triangle, which has effected human's history. The triangle symbol is a symbol of the classic architectural design itself.

Triangle buildings have their advantages, we can't deny them. The famous architects of ancient Rome wrote a book on architecture, which mentioned that the basic principles of architecture are three, strong, practical and beautiful. The triangle has natural stability and can better meet the demand of the building.

I believe that the triangle symbol is a reinterpretation of the aesthetics of modernism, and the classical toy - Tangram. It is an interesting thing which can be placed into diferent shape by using its parts. After considering these ideas, I organise them and design my work.

A I R

G N

T

E L

G I S

E D

CORE METAPHOR & SPATIAL MANIFESTATIONS The glass pyramid in the Louvre's courtyard, under the design of the architectural master Pei Ming, combines ancient traditional architectural art with modern technology.

The architectural language with strong aesthetic characteristics of shellfish is known as "the Louvre hospital." A huge gem" is recognized as the greatest miracle of contemporary architecture.

So in my design, it tries to include these two elements - triangle and tangram, and make it more suitable for students and teachers to have a good impression and enjoy staying here to regard it as an exciting building.

19

Small Library & Reading Room

Bathroom

Aisle & Exhibition Room Meeting Room Disable Access

Storage

Reception

Entrance

SCALE PLAN

SECTION

1:300

1:300

1:500

ELEVATION

21

COMPOSITION & STRUCTURE

LIGHT ACCESS

MOVEMENT

VIEW - AERIAL

VIEW - GROUND

25

3D VIEW - NIGHT

26

3D VIEW

29

CONSTRUCTION DETAIL

30

SHADOW & LIGHT

Artificial Light Source

Artificial Light Source

Light characteristics Light is the color of architecture, “making light to design” is the famous saying of Bayesian. In his work, the combination of light and space makes the space change. The entrance to the Louvre Pyramid in Paris introduces a lot of light into the dead museum, letting the past history sunbathe the sun of today. Through the transparent glass, it is projected into the space and the wall and the ground to form a courtyard of light. “Light is very important. Without the change of light, the form loses its anger, and the space becomes powerless.”

31

LIGHT STUDY

Linguistic definitions

Light is the basic element of architecture; it interacts with space and affects the way we perceive it. Lighting behavior can change the way space, atmosphere and visibility. Bright environment handles brightness, shading, lighting distribution, color and many other aspects that affect our visual experience and play our moods.Philosophical meanings light is mysterious. Is it a particle? Is it a wave? Sometimes it seems to be one or the other, sometimes both. No matter which direction you are going or what speed, light always passes you at the speed of light. In philosophy light is very different, almost opposite.

Light is used as a symbol for understanding, for epiphany.

We talk of ‘seeing the light’, or ‘being enlightened’. It’s an analogy for the learning process, the gaining of insight and wisdom. The Statue of Liberty carries a torch that symbolizes enlightenment because the whole idea of our form of government came out of a period we call The Enlightenment.

A ‘student lamp’ is the symbol of many universities, symbolizing the enlightenment available there, and their goal of enlightening their students.

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Philosophical meanings

The consciousness of the space is directly connected to the light with its integrated way. What we see, what we experience, and how we interpret these elements are influenced by the interplay between light and our environment. For architecture, whether it is space, material, or color, it is made up of light that is involved by objects and observers. Dynamic daylight and controlled artificial illumination can not only affect different physical measurable conditions in space, but also inspire and arouse different visual experiences and emotions. Because of light, different atmospheres can be perceived in the same physical environment.

On the other hand, Shadows play an important role in our observation. They can be soft or strong; they can present sharp or diffuse boundaries. Good shadows are pleasant, but bad shadows can spoil the atmosphere. The color of the material is also responsible for changing the atmosphere.

This problem should be designed from scratch, not after the entire architecture process.

Light constitutes the basic connection element of space design, so it plays an important role in the discussion of architectural quality. In a building contest, light is often the term referred to in the jury’s commentary, even if it is not a standard of procedure. Usually in the form of daylight, the generous use of sunlight and skylights in space is considered positive; Furthermore, the importance of well-designed lighting today is not only due to the improvement in space or its benefits to our health and well-being, but also because of the ecological issues debated today because it means less energy consumption for artificial lighting.Daylight should play a key role in the jury’s way of analyzing the proposal. However, studies have shown that illumination analysis is not a standard criterion. When discussing lighting, members comment on the presence or absence of daylight, but do not go deeper into the lighting situation.

Do not discuss important issues such as shadow, reflection, and color. In my opinion, because the light is so important, such as Sweden, the combination of the urgent need for environmentally friendly design; Daylight analysis should be part of every architectural plan.

Opacity Opacity is a measure of the impermeability of electromagnetic or other types of radiation, particularly visible light. In radiation transmission, it describes the absorption and scattering of radiation in a medium, such as plasma, dielectric, shielding materials, glass, and the like. An opaque object is neither opaque (allowing all light to pass through) nor opaque (allowing some light to pass). When light strikes the interface between two substances, usually some may be reflected, some absorbed, some scattered, and the rest propagated (see also refraction). The reflection can be diffuse, such as light reflected from a white wall, or specular reflection, such as light reflected from a mirror. Opaque materials are opaque, thus reflecting, scattering or absorbing all light. Both the mirror and the carbon black are opaque.

The opacity depends on the frequency of the light being considered. For example, certain types of glass, although transparent in the visual range, are largely opaque to ultraviolet light. It can be seen in the absorption line of cold gas that more extreme frequency dependent opacity can be quantified in a number of ways.

The object may be opaque because it reflects incident light or absorbs incident light. Almost all solids reflect a portion and absorb a portion of the incident light.

The object may be opaque because it reflects incident light or absorbs incident light. Almost all solids reflect a portion and absorb a portion of the incident light.

When light falls on a metal block, it encounters atoms that are closely packed in a regular lattice, and "electrons between atoms" move randomly. Most of the metals are non-bonded electrons (or free electrons), as opposed to the bonded electrons typically found in non-metallic (insulating) solids that are covalently bonded or ionically bonded. In a metal bond, atoms in the crystal structure may easily lose any potential bonded electrons. This delocalization only exaggerates the role of the "sea of electrons." ​​ As a result of these electrons, the incident light in most metals is reflected back, which is why we see shiny metal surfaces.

Most liquids and aqueous solutions are highly transparent. For example, water, cooking oil, wine, air and natural gas are all transparent. There are no structural defects (voids, cracks, etc.) and the molecular structure of most liquids is mainly due to their excellent optical transmission. The ability of a liquid to flow "inside" defects through viscous flow is one of the reasons why some fibrous materials, such as paper or fabric, increase their apparent clarity when wet. The liquid fills a lot of voids, making the material more structurally uniform.

CASE STUDY

Filtration It is commonly used by vacuum coating. One or more layers of dielectric film or metal film are plated on the glass to change the transmission characteristics of certain specific spectra, including light transmission, reflection, absorption, scattering, polarization, etc., so that the required light is transmitted, The required light is weakened. It mainly includes filtered infrared light, filtered ultraviolet light, filtered red, and ultraviolet light.This type of filter is also coated with a metal film on the glass to block the transmission of ultraviolet or infrared light, allowing only visible light to pass through.

From the outside, nothing special, but looking at the side, the film has some reflection.Detection is cumbersome, and instruments must be used to detect the transmission of different spectra. The principle of the color filter is basically the same.

The same is to apply a metal film on the glass to allow light of a certain frequency band (color) to pass through, and light of other frequency bands (color) is reflected and absorbed. After this white light passes, it becomes monochrome. We know that white is made up of different colors of light.

If other colors of light are filtered, it will become a single color, but it also reduces the amount of light that is transmitted! Generally, after white light becomes monochromatic light, the loss rate of light is more than 50%, and some may even reach 70%!

CASE CASESTUDY STUDY

Therefore, when using color film filtering, the luminous flux and intensity will be greatly attenuated! Now LED dimming is very convenient. If the conditions permit, the light source will be directly discolored, and the effect and convenience will be much better. One is a color-changing warm film with a warm color film and a cool color film. With this accessory, the original color temperature will rise or fall by 200K-300K (some will even be higher). The principle is similar to that of the color-changing sheet, which is also coated on the glass to allow the required light to pass through, and unwanted light is emitted or absorbed. For example, warm color film is to let the light of the warm color pass, and the light of the cool color is blocked.There are two issues to consider when changing songs: 1. The light loss is more than 20%, the greater the color temperature changes, the greater the light loss.

2. There is a certain distortion, because it is color filtering, after partial light loss, it will affect the fidelity of some color display.