Impact of Brexit on musicians: Fourth Brexit report

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS FOURTH REPORT – MAY 2019

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ISM_music IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019-society-of-musicians

RESULTS SUMMARY

CONTENTS RESULTS SUMMARY

1

Mobility & visas

3

Transportation of instruments & equipment

6

Health insurance & social security

8

RECOMMENDATIONS

10

APPENDIX: RESULTS IN FULL

12

About the report

12

Employment status

12

Impact of Brexit since June 2016

12

Types of negative impact

13

Concern about the future work

14

Visas

14

Transportation of instruments & equipment

15

Health insurance & Social Security

15

Work habits in the EU27/EEA

16

Government action

17

THIS REPORT PUBLISHES THE RESULTS OF THE INCORPORATED SOCIETY OF MUSICIANS' FOURTH SURVEY OF THE IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE MUSIC PROFESSION, AT THIS STAGE IN THE PROCESS. The report's findings should be viewed in the context of the previous three ISM surveys conducted between October 2016 and May 2018, building on the evidence base with which to inform government policy throughout these unprecedented times.

Since the previous report was published in July 2018, the Brexit landscape has changed considerably and continues to evolve. The past ten months have been uncertain and fluid; the Cabinet has seen three different Secretaries of State for Exiting the European Union in post during that time. The Government’s Withdrawal Agreement, despite approval from the European Council, has been voted against three times by the UK Parliament. MPs have voted to rule out a ‘no-deal Brexit’, reinforced by the Cooper-Letwin Bill, and MPs have undergone rounds of so-called indicative voting on alternative options. On 20 March 2019, the Prime Minister was granted by the EU a short extension to Article 50, and on 10 April 2019, this was (‘flexibly’) extended until 31 October 2019. At the time of publication, the Withdrawal Agreement is still officially the Government’s desired outcome. However, the indicative votes revealed the popularity of alternatives such as 'Common Market 2.0' or a customs union, and there has been increasing support for a confirmatory public vote, so the situation remains fluid. Indeed, at the time of the publication, there are ongoing talks between the Government and the Labour Party about a possible way forward, including a possible customs union.

The UK’s music industry – contributing some £4.5 billion a year to the UK economy – is globally dominant and forms a central part of our creative industries which, valued at £101.5 billion a year to the UK economy, are equivalent to the construction or banking industries. Music is also central to the UK’s place in the world and its soft power. Music is an essential part of the UK's national identity, from the London Symphony Orchestra and its groundbreaking streaming service LSO Live, to pop sensations like Adele and Ed Sheeran. The UK is today one of the few net exporters of music worldwide – one in eight albums bought worldwide in 2017 was by a British artist – generating billions of pounds in exports.

The music profession, upon which the prosperous music and wider creative industries rely, has a very high proportion of selfemployed, freelance or portfolio musicians – who will be (and indeed already are being) affected by any reduction in freedoms of movement, goods and services. This sector is already struggling with poor rates of pay and if opportunities for work in the EU27/EEA continue to fall because of Brexit, there will be doubts about the sustainability of the music profession.

The results of this survey show that Brexit has caused large-scale uncertainty and concern among musicians about any future ability to work in the EU27/EEA. Most notably, the complexity of Brexit negotiations and the lack of accurate information both for musicians who work within the EU27/EEA and for those who engage them has had a negative impact on musicians’ work.

Report by Dr Naomi Bath, Senior Research & Policy Officer B

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

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80

2016 Yes (%) 19 No (%) 81

60 40 According to the survey results, almost 50% of respondents have identified an impact on their professional work since the referendum result in 2016 – 95% of whom said it was negative.

Therefore, almost half the music workforce has identified Brexit as having a negative impact on their professional work – before the UK has actually left the EU. This reflects a steady increase in impact reported each year following the referendum, from 19% in 2016, to 26% in 2017, to 40% in 2018, and to 50% in 2019.

2019 50 50

2016

2017

2018

2019

Increasing travel costs

2016 Yes (%) 19 No (%) 81

60

2017 26 74

2018 40 60

2019 50 50

Impact Negative Positive Positive Didn't answer

40

% 95 1 4

‘I used to get lots of offers of work from EU countries.

This has virtually dried up Type of negative impact % Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries 63 since the referendum.’

0 2016 Yes

2017

2018

2019

Increased difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now 59 10 0 Increasing travel costs 47 Increasing difficulty and/or cost of importing instruments and materials 21 Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health) 16 ‘Brexit creates doubt Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA about the need for13 countries (with Brexit given as a reason)

No

According to 63% of respondents, the biggest issue they have faced is difficulty in securing future work in EU27/EEA countries – and more than 1 in 10 respondents reported that offers of work have been withdrawn or cancelled with Brexit given as a reason. Other concerns include: the transportation of instruments and equipment without an appropriate visa system in place; the future of social security contributions under the A1 certificate system; and not being able to afford private health insurance if EHIC provision ceases under Brexit negotiations.

visas and their cost which directly affects the viability of concerts.’

Levels of concern Impact of Brexit since June 2016 Very concerned Impact %

concerned

Not at all concerned

0

0

10

20

‘I can’t currently confirm European dates post 29 20 March 30 2019 40as we50 don’t know what the situation with passports, visas, van insurance, travel insurance etc. will be.’

Musicians’ livelihoods depend on the ability to travel easily and cheaply around multiple countries for work in a short period of time.

Negative 95 Positive 1 Didn't answer 4 Mildly

30

40

10

20

50

30

60

40

70

50

% 63 59 47 21 16 13

44%

Comments from respondents:

Didn't answer

20

22%

OF RESPONDENTS VISIT THE EU27/EEA MORE THAN 11 TIMES PER YEAR

Increasing difficulty costfor of importing instruments and materials 85% of survey respondents visit the and/or EU27/EEA work at least Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health) once a year, 22% visit the EU27/EEA more than 11 times per Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA year and more than a third (with (35%) spend at least a month per countries Brexit given as a reason) year working in EU27/EEA countries. 40% travel to more than one EU27/EEA country in visits that last more than one day and 44% visit more than one country per visit. Most notable however, is that according to the survey results one in seven musicians have less than a week’s notice between being Negative Impact of Brexit since June 2016 offered work and having to take it.

Impact of Brexit since June 2016

80

85%

OF THE RESPONDENTS VISIT THE EU27/EEA AT LEAST ONCE A YEAR

impact FREEDOMType OFof negative MOVEMENT IS Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries CRUCIAL FOR WORK. IncreasedMUSICIANS’ difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now

0

100 Percentage (%)

2018 40 60

MOBILITY & VISAS

20

Impact of Brexit since June 2016

The ISM is calling for the Government to commit to preserving freedom of movement rights for musicians, or to establish a low-cost, admin-light, two-year multi-entry touring visa which enables musicians to tour easily between and within the 80 UK60 and the70 EU27/EEA.

OF RESPONDENTS VISIT MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY PER VISIT TO THE EU27/EEA

1/7

60

70

MUSICIANS HAVE LESS THAN A WEEK'S NOTICE BETWEEN 80 BEING OFFERED WORK AND TAKING IT

‘Uncertainty causing promoters to either book very late (therefore incurring much more expense cost for me) or not at all.’

‘Questions about work permits seem to be increasing.’

Concern Yes No

‘I’ve experienced a slow-down in bookings.’

% 58 42 ‘Increased admin and paperwork for

touring work beyond 29 March 2019.’

80

Percentage (%)

Levels of concern Very concerned Mildly concerned Not at all concerned 2

2017 26 74

% 62 25 13

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Concern Yes No

64%

64% of survey respondents said such a visa would allay their future ability to50 work in60 the EU27/EEA if80 0 concerns 10 about 20 their30 40 70 freedom of movement rights were lost – and given the choice between a ‘cheap, two-year, multi-entry visa’ and an ‘extension of the Permitted Paid Engagement (PPE) visa (for individuals Levels of concern % invited to come to the UK because of their particular skills Very concerned 62 or expertise) Mildly concerned from 30 25 days to 90 days’, 95% of respondents Not at all concerned 13 preferred the two-year visa.

Concern

%

42 Concerns would be allayed by the introduction of a ‘cheap, two-year, multi-entry touring visa (covering the EU)

Visa?

Yes No

Yes

If the right to freedom of movement is removed by Government, there is strong support from the music workforce for a touring visa.

95%

% 64 36

No

Visa or PPE extension? % A cheap 2 year, multi-entry touring visa covering the EU An extension of the Permitted Paid Engagement visa from 30 days to 90 days

OF RESPONDENTS PREFERRED THE TWO-YEAR VISA OVER THE PERMITTED PAID ENGAGEMENT (PPE) VISA

Would a two-year visa or PPE extension alleviate your concerns?

by

Comments from respondents:

A cheap two-year,

g

Visa or PPE extension? % multi-entry touring A cheap 2 year, multi-entry visa covering the EU 95 touring visa covering the EU An extension of the Permitted An extension of Paid Engagement visa from 30 the Permitted days to 90 days

Paid Engagement visa from 30 days to 90 days

A PPE visa allows professional musicians and other artists to carry out a short series of paid engagements relating to their profession for up to one month following an invitation from a UK organisation, at a cost of £95 per visa. This is the current system for visa nationals, though non-visa nationals can also apply. If the UK were to become a third country, and if the EU and UK work on a basis of reciprocity, then the same system may apply to EU musicians visiting the UK and vice versa. A PPE visa system would be impractical for touring musicians in the UK and EU. Extending the PPE visa from 30 days to 90 days would not improve the situation for musicians, who need to be able to travel easily between the UK and the EU at short notice, as applying for a new visa every 90 days would be inconvenient and costly.

4

5

Multiple organisations across the music sector, including the Musicians' Union and UK Music, have called for a multi-entry touring visa. Similar calls have been made by the Creative Industries Federation and British Film Institute as the issue is pertinent to the wider creative industries.

OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS SAID A TWO-YEAR MULTI-ENTRY TOURING VISA WOULD ALLAY CONCERNS ABOUT FUTURE ABILITY TO WORK IN THE EU27/EEA IF FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT WAS LOST

Would a two-year visa alleviate your Yes concerns?58 No

% 58 42

‘I’ve had ensembles questioning me as to whether it’s feasible for them to employ me post-Brexit.

They’re turning to me for guidance and there is nothing I can offer them. I’m about to pull out of a project starting on the 1 April because it is a recording and if we discover there are problems, it’ll be difficult to replace me at short notice.’

‘Questioning my eligibility to work in the UK as an EU national and requiring a proof of eligibility for the next three years.’

‘Uncertainty of future travel/work situation has made planning very difficult.’

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

A multi-entry touring visa has cross-chamber support from both the House of Lords European Union Committee (July 2018) and the House of Commons DCMS Committee (March 2019): 95

5

‘The Government should also seek a commitment for an EU-wide multi-country, multi-entry short-term ‘touring visa’ for UK citizens, and offer a reciprocal commitment for EU citizens. This would enable self-employed persons to travel for short-term visits between the UK and the EU, recognising the two-way benefits that accrue from allowing artists, entertainers and other cultural sector workers to move freely between the UK and EU to tour and work on short-term contracts.’

House of Lords European Union Committee, July 2018

‘Ensuring frictionless travel for musicians, touring personnel and their equipment is essential for musicians to continue to access work opportunities abroad, and for foreign artists to tour to the UK. We support the industry’s calls for the introduction of an EU-wide touring visa, which the Government should pursue in its future relationship with the European Union.’

House of Commons Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee, March 2019

TRANSITION PERIOD & POLITICAL DECLARATION It is important to remember that the longer the UK Government takes to agree a Brexit plan, the shorter the transition period will be – the end date of the transition period of 31 December 2020 is enshrined in the Withdrawal Agreement, the detail of which the EU has said it will not change.

As things stand, the Political Declaration explicitly confirms that freedom of movement will end, following the transition period.

It does not put in place a satisfactory alternative protecting existing mobility rights for musicians.

Considering possible outcomes of Brexit negotiations during the ‘flextension’ between now and 31 October 2019, the Withdrawal Agreement (should it pass on a fourth attempt) would protect freedom of movement until the end of the transition period but no further. If a new deal is struck for the UK to belong to a Customs Union, freedom of movement would also end – though it would remove the need for carnets (see section below on Transportation of Instruments). However, under the so-called ‘Common Market 2.0’ proposal, freedom of movement would be protected by joining the EFTA and EEA. As the situation is both critical and extremely fluid, it is unsurprising that 83% of respondents said it would be beneficial for a government department (e.g. BEIS) to provide a dedicated hotline for musicians to offer guidance on mobility issues.

83%

OF RESPONDENTS SAID IT WOULD BE BENEFICIAL FOR A GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT (E.G. BEIS) TO PROVIDE A HOTLINE FOR MOBILITY ISSUES

A two-year multi-entry touring visa is the preferred arrangement should freedom of movement be lost when the UK leaves the EU.

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y

TRANSPORTATION OF INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT THE TRANSPORTATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT IS JUST AS IMPORTANT AS THE MOBILITY OF THE MUSIC WORKFORCE.

Musicians frequently perform in different countries on consecutive days, which requires their instruments and equipment to travel quickly and without hindrance. Travelling time, costs, and logistics for performers, technicians and drivers who transport instruments and equipment, often by truck, will be affected by changes to free movement of goods.

58%

More than half of respondents (58%) reported that they were concerned about the transportation of instruments and/or equipment in the EU27 & EEA in the future.

Are you concerned about transportation?

Concern Yes No

Yes

% 58 42

OF RESPONDENTS SAID THEY WERE CONCERNED ABOUT THE TRANSPORTATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND/OR EQUIPMENT IN THE EU27 & EEA IN THE FUTURE

No

CARNETS Any restriction on free movement of goods could lead to the introduction of carnets.

WHAT IS A CARNET?

g

Visa or PPE extension? % A cheap 2 year, multi-entry An ATA Carnet is a temporary international customs touring visa covering the EU

document that allows goods, including instruments and An extension of the Permitted sound equipment, to move temporarily outside the UK. ATA30 Paid Engagement visa from days to 90 days Carnets can be used in around 70 countries, are usually valid for 1 year, and cost £325.85 plus a security deposit.

The carnet must be presented to customs each time the goods are imported, exported or pass through a country.

For customs purposes, the EU is currently treated as a single territory so a carnet does not need to be presented in each EU country visited, only at the place of first entry and exit from the EU. However, once the UK has left the EU, these rules are likely to change, and musicians may have to present carnets upon entry and exit of each individual country within the EU27/EEA.

6

Carnets are disliked by musicians and the music workforce.

Indeed, the Live Music Forum described the increased costs and bureaucracy associated with carnets as having a ‘crippling effect on bands’ in their evidence to the DCMS Select Committee (2019) and urged the Government to ‘resist any arrangements that 95would result in the reintroduction of temporary customs documents for touring equipment’ (DCMS 2019).

5

Queues at ferry ports, and the administration time and costs of carnets would cause delays that may lead to cancelled performances and the loss of future bookings. The Production Services Association, giving evidence to the DCMS Select Committee, cautioned that a quota system for road haulage ‘would force any tours in the EU to choose suppliers from outside our borders which would mean that the rock ‘n roll trucking business, invented in the UK, would be lost forever’ (DCMS 2019).

‘I remember the bad old days of queuing to complete carnets on borders. I foresee severe time-consuming expense.’

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

CITES Musicians, particularly orchestral musicians, are directly affected by restrictions on the trade and movement of CITES-listed products, which includes some instruments.

WHAT IS CITES? CITES is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. It is an international agreement between governments (i.e. not created by the EU) that aims to ensure that international trade in wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

Many instruments contain restricted species that can be found on the CITES list, for example rosewood or ivory. At present, international transportation of these instruments requires a musician to obtain a Musical Instrument certificate.

Comments from respondents:

‘Border delays would compromise the ability to deliver concerts; costs compromise budgets; uncertainty might adversely affect bookings.’

‘When I’m touring with UK ensembles, my instruments are normally taken by truck. At the moment this has knock-on implications as to when I can work after projects are finished (i.e. I have to go and collect my instruments before I can undertake other work). If bringing instruments in/ out of the country becomes more time consuming, it will limit what work I can undertake. Also, who is going to pay for this?’

Membership of a customs union would remove the need for carnets and border controls when transporting instruments and equipment across EU borders.

Comments from respondents:

‘I’m concerned the musicians I take to the EU27 and that I bring into the UK from the EU27 will now require carnets, which is yet another cost we cannot afford in this industry post-Brexit.’

‘Carnets that have to be filled in for tours outside the EEA are immensely time-consuming to fill in, but almost more importantly delay the travel process immensely and create huge extra costs for orchestras.’

Comments from respondents:

‘Some of my instruments include woods in the CITES list. The makers seem baffled by the complex process of providing documentation to enable them to travel – it seems impossible in many cases to document decades-old wood purchases. I use more than 20 assorted lutes professionally, and it will be a huge work and cost to organize travel documentation for all of them.’

Any restriction to the free movement of goods is likely to affect the implementation of CITES regulations. This is because while the UK remains in the EU, trade and movement of goods on the CITES list (including instruments) within the EU can take place through any UK port or airport due to free movement of goods.

However, if free movement of goods ceases, musicians would have to travel through the current list of CITES-designated ports and airports for non-EU entry and exit. This list only has 10 CITESdesignated points of entry and exit and it does not include Dover, the Eurotunnel or Holyhead – all of which are routinely used by musicians to travel to the EU with their instruments (containing CITES materials). This would pose a major threat to musicians’ ability to travel easily between the UK and other countries.

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The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) has said that if free movement of goods ceases, for example in the case of a ‘no-deal’ Brexit, it will designate specific ports and airports of entry and exit for the import/export of goods on the CITES list to and from the EU. However, DEFRA’s preparations to designate additional points of entry and exit do not include Dover, the Eurotunnel or Holyhead, which are vital to musicians’ ability to travel between the UK and the EU27/EEA. The ISM calls on DEFRA to expand the list of CITESdesignated ports to include Dover and the Eurotunnel, to allow musicians to more easily transport their instruments containing CITES materials to the EU27/EEA.

77%

without requiring an import/export permit every time they enter or exit the EU. ‘Travelling orchestras’ are currently eligible for Travelling Exhibition certificates so this could in theory help orchestras to travel more easily. However, in practice it would be an unmanageable route to pursue because orchestras would have to register all instruments with CITES-listed products to the orchestra’s certificate – meaning that each time a new member joined the orchestra, their instrument would have to be added to the certificate, incurring a cost each time. In effect, the orchestra would ‘own’ the instruments, which is unfeasible in practice given that most musicians own their instruments.

68%

At present it is unclear what would happen with regard to CITES under a Withdrawal Agreement after the transition period or under the terms of an alternative plan that may be agreed during the ‘flextension’.

It is unclear what arrangements there would be regarding healthcare coverage after the completion of the transition period.

8

‘It is increasingly difficult to get long term A1 forms for our artists, and applying for a new one for every engagement is very impractical.’

The ISM calls on the Government to clarify as soon as possible how it plans to protect rights to access healthcare after the end of the transition period.

UK musicians working in the EU who are employed, for example orchestral musicians, can currently work under the EU’s posted worker system, which entitles them to a set of key rights when working. Both employed and self-employed musicians can Work habits in the EU27 use the A1 certificate system to ensure they are exempt from paying social security contributions in an EU Member State other than their own. Of those offering anDays opinion, 28%%of survey per year 0 days respondents currently possess a valid A1 form.15Respondents 1-7 days 15 reported that the process of getting 8-14 an A1 form approved is days 14 15-30 days 21 time-consuming and rife with delays and errors from HMRC.

Do you rely on your European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) while working in the EU27/EEA?

EHIC Yes Yes No Not applicable

No

% 77 14 8

31+ days

‘The government department that deals with the A1 is very difficult to reach, it is time-consuming and complicated unless you are persistent.’

‘My most recent A1 form was not sufficient. In the past I’ve been issued with a two-year A1 form for all European countries. This time, the countries were individually listed and based on the countries I listed as having worked in the previous year. My concern is that with me having work in other countries (not listed) coming up, I may now have difficulties.’

OF RESPONDENTS SAID THEY COULD NOT AFFORD PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE

HEALTH INSURANCE & SOCIAL SECURITY

77% of survey respondents reported that they rely on their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) while working in the EU27/EEA. If this provision were to cease, musicians, who are mostly self-employed and operate on slim margins, would need to pay for private health insurance. However, more than two thirds (68%) of our respondents said they could not afford private health insurance. This would put our music workforce, which contributes a huge amount to the UK economy, at risk.

‘HMRC takes AGES to respond. I’m extremely fortunate to be in possession of a two-year form, but not everyone is so lucky.’

OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS REPORTED THAT THEY RELY ON THEIR EUROPEAN HEALTH INSURANCE CARD (EHIC) WHILE WORKING IN THE EU27/EEA

Another aspect of CITES regulations is relevant to musicians.

The Animal and Plant Health Agency (part of the UK CITES management authority) currently issues Travelling Exhibition certificates to groups with CITES materials, such as circuses.

Therefore the ISM calls on DEFRA to clarify post-Brexit CITES Travelling Exhibition certificates are valid for three years and regulations, providing clear guidance that covers all the allow circuses or other travelling exhibitions across borders freely, possible Brexit outcomes (e.g. after the transition period).

THE MUSIC WORKFORCE RELY UPON CERTAIN MECHANISMS AGREED BETWEEN THE UK AND EU TO PROTECT THEM.

Comments from respondents:

It is unclear what will happen to social security processes such as the A1 certificate after the UK leaves the EU. If the UK were to fall out of the posted worker system, the music workforce would be in danger of a double deduction of social security contributions.

This would clearly have a severe impact on the income of both musicians and employers.

Therefore the ISM calls on HMRC to maintain the A1 certificate system or provide a suitable equivalent.

35

Not applicable

Afford private healthcare?

Yes No

% 32 68

Number of visits per year 0 times 1-5 times per year 6-10 times per year 11-15 times per year 16-20 times per year 21+ times per year

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IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

Possess A1 form? %

% 15 46 17 7 5 11

Days per visit

%

9

RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE ISM’S FOURTH SURVEY ON BREXIT AND THE MUSIC WORKFORCE, THIS REPORT DEMONSTRATES THAT:

• the music workforce depends on EU27/EEA countries for professional work • the music workforce relies on UK-EU mechanisms to support and enable them to work in the EU27/EEA (e.g. EHIC scheme and A1 certificate)

There are several related and pertinent issues that were not in scope of the survey, but about which the ISM is aware. These include (though are not limited to) issues of copyright, tax, Intellectual Property and the Digital Single Market, and issues of immigration, such as the visa system for non-EEA short-term workers coming to the UK (particularly PPE visas), and the Migration Advisory Committee’s Shortage Occupation List.

It is clear that the Government must take action to protect musicians’ livelihoods and the prosperous music and wider creative industries.

• the impact of Brexit on musicians’ work has been widespread and negative, even though the UK has not yet left the EU • t here is a high level of uncertainty and concern across the music workforce due to Brexit.

10

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

Based on the findings on this report, the ISM recommends:

Recommendation 1 The Government must maintain freedom of movement under existing rules for the music profession.

Recommendation 2 If freedom of movement rights cease, the Government must introduce a two-year, cheap and admin-light, multi-entry touring visa.

Recommendation 3 A Government Department (e.g. BEIS) must set up a dedicated hotline to offer guidance on mobility issues.

Recommendation 4 The Government (DEFRA) must expand the list of approved CITES-designated ports for entry and exit, to include Dover-Calais and the Eurotunnel at the very least, so that musicians can travel more easily with their instruments.

Recommendation 5 DEFRA must clarify post-Brexit CITES regulations, providing clear guidance that covers all the possible Brexit outcomes (e.g. after the transition period).

Recommendation 6 The Government must maintain European Health Insurance as provided by the EHIC system, or provide an equivalent scheme.

Recommendation 7 HMRC must maintain the A1 certificate system or provide a suitable equivalent.

Recommendation 8 The Government must engage with the music sector to provide a roadmap on all issues relating to mobility rights, customs regulations, health insurance provision and social security.

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100

Impact of Brexit since June 2016

80

2016 Yes (%) 19 No (%) 81

APPENDIX: RESULTS IN DETAIL 60

2017 26 74

2018 40 60

2019 50 50 Impact of Brexit

40

Impact of Brexit since June 201 Negative

20 0

2016

ABOUT THE REPORT

Employment status Self-employed/ Freelance

Impact of Brexit since June 2016 2016 2017 2018 2019 78% of respondents were self-employed/freelance, Yes (%) 19 26 40 50 17% were employed and 5% were not currently working.

No (%) 81

74

60

2017

This survey had 506 respondents from a cross-section of the music workforce including but not limited to performers, composers, directors, teachers, academics, and sound engineers.

Respondents covered every genre, from classical to thrash metal, folk to funk, jazz to film music, and so on. The majority of respondents were UK-based.

EMPLOYMENT STATUS 50

Employed Not currently working

Type of negative impact Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries Increased difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now Increasing travel costs Increasing difficulty and/or cost of importing instruments and materials Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health) Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA countries (with Brexit given as a reason)

2019

IMPACT OF BREXIT SINCE JUNE 2016

mpact of Brexit since June 2016

Of those responding to the question, 50% of the music

mpact % workforce had identified an impact on their professional work egative 95 since1 the referendum result in 2016. This reflects a steady sitive increase each year, from 19% in 2016, 26% in 2017 and 40% in dn't answer 4

100

Percentage (%)

As in the previous three ISM surveys, this survey asked respondents if they identified an impact on their work resulting from the referendum and ongoing negotiations relating to the UK’s withdrawal from the EU.

12

10

20

30

% 63 59 47 21 Yes 16

2018

TYPES OF NEGATIVE IMPACT According to respondents, the area of work that has beenof most affected byJune Brexit2016 has Impact Brexit since been musicians’ ability to secure bookings Impact % 2016 and now, and for work, both between Negative 95 in the future.

Positive 1 Didn't answer 4 The biggest factor that has negatively impacted our music workforce’s ability to work is ‘difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries’ (63%). The next most experienced factor has been ‘difficulty securing booking in EU27/EEA since 2016’ (59%). More than 1 in 10 respondents said that offers of work have been withdrawn or cancelled with Brexit given as a reason.

13

2016 Yes (%) 19 No (%) 81

0

10

20

30

40

50

Increasing difficulty and/or cost of importing instruments and materials

Increased difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now

Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health)

Increasing travel costs 2017 26 74

2018 40 60

2019 50 50

60

70

80

Percentage (%)

Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries

Impact of Brexit since June 2016

60

% 95 1 4

Type of negative impact Didn't answer Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries Increased difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now Increasing travel costs Increasing difficulty and/or cost of importing instruments and materials Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health) Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA countries (with Brexit given as a reason)

2019

No

80

Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA countries (with Brexit given as a reason)

40 20

2018. It is alarming that 50% of the music workforce identified an impact of Brexit on their professional work given that the UK has not yet left the EU.

0

Impact Negative Positive Positive Didn't answer

Of those who had identified an impact of Brexit on their professional work, 95% said it was a negative impact:

0 2016

40

50

2017

60

70

2018

80

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

2019

Type of negative impact % Difficulty securing future bookings in EU27/EEA countries 63 Increased difficulty securing bookings between June 2016 and now 59 Increasing travel costs 47 Increasing difficulty and/or cost of importing instruments and materials 21 Difficulty getting or renewing insurance (instrument, travel, health) 16 Cancellation of existing bookings or withdrawn offers of work in EU27/EEA ism.org | SAVEMUSIC.ORG.UK #SAVE MUSIC countries (with Brexit given as a reason) 13

13

% 6 5 4 2 1

1

CONCERN ABOUT FUTURE WORK

TRANSPORTATION OF INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT

87% of respondents said they were concerned about their future ability to work in EU27/ EEA countries, of which 62% identified as ‘very concerned’ and 25% as ‘mildly concerned’.

The survey asked respondents whether, without a visa framework in place, they were concerned about the transportation of instruments and/or equipment in the EU27/EEA in the future. More than half of those answering (58%) said they were concerned.

Levels of concern Very concerned

Are you concerned about transportation?

Concern Yes No

Mildly concerned 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Concern Yes No

80

% 58 42

Yes

% 58 42

No

Not at all concerned

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Levels of concern Very concerned Mildly concerned Not at all concerned

80

VISAS 010 10 20 20 30

30 40

40 50

50 60

60 70

Levels of concern Very concerned Mildly concerned 70 80 at all concerned 80 Not

Of those who identified as ‘very’ or ‘mildly’ concerned, 64% said that their concerns would be of concern % Levels ofLevels concern % allayed by the of a ‘cheap, two-year, Very concerned 62 Very concerned 62 introduction Mildly concerned 25 Mildly concerned 25 multi-entry touring visa (covering the EU)’.

at all concerned Not at allNot concerned 13

would be allayed by ConcernsConcerns would be allayed by the introduction of a ‘cheap, the introduction of a ‘cheap, two-year, multi-entry two-year, multi-entry touring touring visa (covering visa (covering the EU) the EU) Visa? Yes % Yes 64 No 36

No

would be allayed by Of those who responded, 77% of Concerns musicians said they the introduction of a ‘cheap, reply on their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) touring two-year, multi-entry while working in the EU27/EEA. visa (covering the EU)

% 62 25 13

Visa?

EuropeanYes Health No

% 64 36

% 64 Insurance 36

Do you rely on your (EHIC) while working in the EU27/EEA?

the introduction of a ‘cheap, two-year, multi-entry touring Would a two-year visa or PPE extension alleviate visa (covering the EU) your concerns?

Would a two-year visa alleviate your concerns?

Visa?

Yes No

% 58 42

Probing further, given the choice between a ‘cheap, two-year, multi-entry touring visa’, and an ‘extension of the PPE visa from 30 days to 90 days’, 95% of those who responded preferred the two-year visa.

Concerns would be allayed by

13

% A cheapVisa? two-year, Yes Visaextension? or PPE extension? % 64 Visa or PPE % multi-entry touring cheapNo 2 year, multi-entry 36 A cheap A 2 year, multi-entry visa covering the EU 95 touring visa covering 95 touring visa covering the EU the EU extension of of the Permitted An extension of the Permitted AnAnextension Paid Engagement Paid Engagement visa fromvisa 30 from 30 the Permitted days to 90 days days to 90 days 5

Paid Engagement visa from 30 days to 90 days

EHIC Yes No EHICapplicable Not Yes No Not applicable More than two thirds (68%) of respondents said

HEALTH INSURANCE & SOCIAL SECURITY

Percentage (%) ConcernConcern% Yes Yes 58 No No 42

% 62 25 13

5

EHIC Yes Yes No Not applicable

No

they would not be able to afford private Visahealthcare or PPE extension? % A cheapthe 2 year, if EHIC provision ceases when the UK leaves EU.multi-entry touring visa covering the EU

Card

95

Can you afford private healthcare?

An extension of the Permitted

Paid Engagement visa from 30 Work habits in the EU27 days to 90 days 5

% 77 14 8

Visa or PPE extension? % A cheap 2 year, multi-entry touring visa covering the EU

Not applicable

28% of those offering an opinion currently possess a valid A1 form, which enables them (as self-employed Afford private healthcare? workers in the UK) to be exempted from paying Yes additional social security contributionsNowhen they work in EU27/EEA countries.

% 77 14 8% 77 14 8

Afford private healthcare?

Yes No Yes Days per year days Afford private 0healthcare?

1-7 days Yes 8-14 days No No 15-30 days 31+ days

95

An extension of the Permitted Paid Engagement visa from 30 Do youtopossess days 90 daysan A1 form? % 32 68

% 32 % 68 15 % 15 32 14 68 21 35

5

Possess A1 form? % Yes 28 Number No 44 of visits per year 0 times Possess A1 form? % Yes Not Applicable 29 1-5 times Yes 28 per year 6-10 44 times per year No times per year Not Applicable 11-1529 No 16-20 times per year 21+ times per year

Not applicable

14

IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019

Possess A1 form?

Yes No Not Applicable

% 28 44 29

ism.org | SAVEMUSIC.ORG.UK #SAVE

Days per visit 0 days 1-2 days 15 MUSIC 3-4 days 5+ days

% 14 16 29 40

EHIC Yes No Not applicable

% 77 14 habits in the EU27 Work 8

WORK HABITS IN THE EU27/EEA Days per year % 0 days 15 1-7 days 15 8-14 days 14 How many days per year do you spend working21 15-30 days 31+ days Work habits in 35 the EU27 in the EU27/EEA?

Number Possess A1 form? % of visits per year times per year Not Applicable 6-1029 11-15 times per year 16-20 times per year 21+ times per year Days per visit % 0 days 0 days 14 1-2 days 16 3-4 days 1-2 days 29 5+ days 40

% 15 46 17 7 5 11

How many days' notice do you have between being offered work in the EU27/EEA and the work starting?

8-31 days 32+ days

16

Percentage of income % None of1-25% my income of my income 19 1-25% of my income 46 26-50% of my income 16 of my income12 51-75%26-50% of my income 76-100% of my income 7 Number of countries per trip % 1 51-75% of56my income 2-3 36 4-7 6 76-100% 2of my income 8+

11-15 times per year

% 15 46 17 7 5 11

19% of respondents reported receiving more than half of their income from working in the EU27/EEA. This is a drop since Government hotline? the last report, which showed more than a third of musicians Yes receiving half or more than half of their income fromNo working in the EU27/EEA. The drop in income could reflect a decline % in bookings and opportunities toMode workofintransport EU27 countries, Plane 66 as indicated above in the ‘types of negative impact’ graph.

Road vehicle and Eurotunnel/ferry 17 Train (Eurostar) Other

12 5

16-20 times per year Which mode of transport do you use the most to travel from the UK to EU27/EEA countries?

21+ times per year

% Days per visit % visit per trip?

15 How many EU27/EEA countries do you 0 days 14 46 1-2 days of countries 16 per trip Number 17 29 13-4 days 7 5+ days 40 2-3 5 4-7 11 8+ 1 of countries per trip Number 1 2-3 2-3 4-7 8+

Which mode of transport do you use most to travel between EU27/EEA countries?

Number of countries per trip % % 1 Timeframe 56 Plane Mode of transport % 8 2-31 day or less 36 Plane 66 3 4-72-3 days 6 Road vehicle and Eurotunnel/ferry 17 Road vehicle and 4-7 days 4 8+ 2 Train 12 8-31 days 18 (Eurostar) Eurotunnel/ferry Other 5 32+ days 66 of transport Mode % Plane Train (Eurostar) 66 Road vehicle and Eurotunnel/ferry 17 Train (Eurostar) 12 Other Other 5

% 56 36 6 2 % 56 36 6 2

Mode of transport Plane Plane Mode of transport Road vehicle and Eurotunnel/ferry Plane Train (Eurostar) Road vehicle Other Road vehicle Train Other

% 66 % 17 43 12 21 5 28 8

Train Other

4-7 % 56 36 6 2

Mode of transport Plane Road vehicle and Eurotunnel/ferry Timeframe Train % (Eurostar) 1 day or less Other 8 2-3 days 3 4-7 days 4 8-31 days 18 Timeframe % 32+ days 66 1 day or less 8 2-3 days 3 4-7 days 4 8-31 days 18 32+ days 66

8+

1 day or less Timeframe % 1 day or less 2-3 days8 2-3 days 3 4-7 days 4 8-31 days 4-7 days18 32+ days 66

Train Other

None of my income

Number of visits per year 0 times 1-5 times per year 1-5 times per year 6-10 times per year times 11-15 6-10 times per year per year 16-20 times per year 21+ times per year

3-4 days Number of countries per trip days 1 Days 5+ per visit % 2-3 0 days 14 4-7 1-2 days 16 8+3-4 days 29 5+ days 40

4 18 66

What percentage of your income comes from working in the EU27/EEA?

0 times

Afford private healthcare?

Days per year % % Yes 0 days 15 32 No 1-7 days15 68 1-7 days 8-14 days 14 15-30 days 21 8-14 days 31+ days 35

How many days per visit 0 times Yes do you spend 28working in 1-5 times No 44 per year the EU27/EEA on average?

% 15 15 14 21 35

How many times per year do you visit the EU27/EEA for work?

0 days

Number of visits per year 0 times 15-30 days 1-5 times per year 6-10 times per year 31+ days 11-15 times per year 16-20 times per year 21+ times per year

Days per year 0 days 1-7 days 8-14 days 15-30 days 31+ days

4-7 days 8-31 days 32+ days

Mode of transport Plane Road vehicle Train Percentage of income % Other None of my income 19 1-25% of my income 46 26-50% of my income 16 51-75% of my income 12 Percentage of income % 76-100% of my income 7 None of my income 19 1-25% of my income 46 26-50% of my income 16 51-75% of my income 12 76-100% of my income 7

Percentage of income % None of my income 19 1-25% of my income 46 26-50% of my income 16 51-75% of my income 12 Incorporated Society of Musicians / May 2019 IMPACT OF BREXIT ON MUSICIANS: Fourth report by the 76-100% of my income 7

Government hotline? % Yes 83 No 17

% 66 17 12 5

Timeframe % 1 day or less 8 2-3 days 3 Percentage of income % Mode of transport 4-7 days 4 None of my income 19 Plane 8-31 days 18 vehicle 1-25% of my income 46 Road 32+ daysof my income 66 26-50% 16 Train

GOVERNMENT ACTION 51-75% of my income 12 Other of transport 7 76-100% of myMode income Plane Road vehicle Given the “chronic lack of information Trainfrom Other government” according to one respondent, it is

perhaps not surprising that 83% of respondents said it would be beneficial for a government department % (e.g.

BEIS) to provide a dedicated hotline for musicians 43 21to offer guidance on mobility Percentage of income % issues.

28 8

None of my income 19 1-25% of my income 46 26-50% of my incomeGovernment16hotline? % 83 51-75% of my incomeYes 12 No 17 76-100% of my income 7

Mode of transport Plane Road vehicle Government hotline? % Train Yes 83 Other No 17

% 43 21 28 8

% 43 21 28 8 % 43 21 28Would it be beneficial for a government department 8 (e.g. BEIS) to provide a dedicated hotline for musicians

to offer guidance on mobility issues?

Government hotline? % Yes Yes 83 No 17

No

Government hotline? % Yes 83 No 17

ism.org | SAVEMUSIC.ORG.UK #SAVE MUSIC

17

The Incorporated Society of Musicians is the UK’s professional body for musicians and a nationally-recognised subject association for music. We were set up in 1882 to promote the art of music and to protect the interests and honour of all musicians. Today we support almost 9,500 members with unrivalled services and expert advice, from study up until retirement and beyond. We are a wholly independent, non-profit-making organisation.

Musicians who are members of the ISM have access to advice from experienced in-house employment lawyers by contacting the ISM legal team at legal@ism.org or by contacting our 24-hour advice line on 01275 376 038.

The Save Music campaign, launched in October 2018

by The Incorporated Society of Musicians, is calling for freedom of movement to be maintained for musicians after Brexit – or failing that, a two-year working visa which allows musicians to tour easily in EU and EEA.

SAVEMUSIC.ORG.UK #SAVEMUSIC