January 2014

July | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec.13 News Quarterly

Vol.5 • No.1

Knowledge gives discipline, from discipline comes worthiness, from worthiness one gets wealth, wealth enables good deeds, which bring joy.

Newsletter

Late Dr. S.R. Chandrasekhar Founder

Inauguration of College Block National Conference on Ageing Workshops / Seminars Halitosis 58th Rajyothsava Celebrations

From the

Editors Desk

Wish you all a very Happy and Prosperous New Year 2014.

This is my last opportunity/ occasion to present this issue of newsletter of the institute ISHLINK January, 2014 before my superannuation retirement on 31-12-2013. With all your blessings and goodwill all these years, I enjoyed my office of Director-Technical and the work of editing newsletter over the past few years. My professional peaking occurred while serving this Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing in various capacities from January, 2003 to December, 2013. It gave me an opportunity to learn and grow while building and creating needed academic and professional excellence at Dr. S. R. C Institute. From this I gained professional wisdom and courage. Thank you all the readers, trustees, advisors, colleagues, students and friends of the Institute for your kind co-operation given to me as the editor of this newsletter and an opportunity to share with you all the events and advances made from time to time by this great Institute.

In this issue we bring to you reports of many big and small academic events, kind gesture of many donors who made the insurmountable achievement of completion of construction of college block at the 3rd floor of the Institute possible which was inaugurated on 21st November, 2013. We are proud to report on the achievements of our staff and students and the activities of the various units of the institute.

I will not be there to receive your comments on this issue of newsletter but I am sure that the incoming-editor will be taking due cognizance of all your comments and suggestions. I once again, thank you all for your co-operation during my time as editor.

Dr. M.N. Nagaraja

Chairman Speaks

Greetings for a very happy and prosperous new year 2014!

I have great pleasure in presenting the January, 2014 ISHLINK newsletter and informing you on the activities of the institute in the second half of 2013.

We are proud to announce that a new College Block has been inaugurated in the institute on 21st November, 2013 by dignitaries including Sri K.J. George, Honorable Minister for Home, Govt. of Karnataka and Sri P.C. Mohan, Hon’ble Member of Parliament, Bangalore Central.

The new “College Block” will house all the academic activities of the institute. We gratefully acknowledge the support of our kind donors Sri P.C. Mohan, Sri Pathi Sridhara and Smt. Shantha Sridhara, Sri Manandi Nanjunda Setty and Smt. Nagasundaramma, Sri K.S. Ganesh and Smt. Sunitha Ganesh, Dr. Shankar, Director Lakshmi Vilas Bank, Sri N. Srinath, Director – Karur Vysya Bank, and Sri Krishna of Janma Bhoomi Press Trust for their generous contributions towards the construction of the new floor. As we begin a new year, I once again gratefully acknowledge the grand support that we have received from all of our benevolent donors and charities which has helped us to carry our work and create the valuable infrastructure needed to service the community.

The newsletter brings information on busy two quarters in the last year. Several conferences and seminars were conducted at the institute including one at a national level which attracted delegates from all over the country. The quarter was marked by festivities of Ganesha, Deepavali festival and Christmas in different units of institute. Children, families and staff participated with enthusiasm.

We bid farewell to Dr. M.N. Nagaraja, Director-Technical who served the institute with great vigour for nearly a decade from 2003 to 2013. We thank him for his unstinted efforts and contributions in bringing about and building academic growth and excellence at the institute and wish him a healthy and happy retired life.

M.S. Venkatesh

Chairman - Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust

Chief Editor

Index Inauguration of College Block............................................................ 04

Other Workshops / Seminars Conducted at Institute.................. 14

Seminar on Auditory Evoked Potentials by Dr. James. W. Hall III............................................................................ 09

Research Papers Presented at Conferences..................................... 15

National Conference on Ageing & its Effects on Hearing, Speech, Language and Communication......................... 10 Hands-on Workshop on Objective Analysis and Assessment of Voice & Speech........................................................... 12 Orientation Seminar on Hanen Program “More than Words”............................................................................... 13 Participation in Workshops / Seminars & Conferences............... 13

Mothers’ Training Center.................................................................... 16 Sunaad School for Hearing Impaired............................................... 17 Halitosis................................................................................................... 18 Clinical Activities.................................................................................. 22 Out-reach & Extension Program....................................................... 23 Rajyothsava Celebrations Kannadigara Sneha Koota.................... 26

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Governing Council Meeting

The meeting of Governing Council was held on 14.8.2013 under the Chairmanship of Dr. Sr. Genevieve. The Governing Council meticulously went through the college report. The Council was pleased to note that our Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing happens to be the first institution among Speech and Hearing institutes to get accredited by the NAAC. Though, most members of the Governing Council felt that our Institute should have been accredited as “A”, they felt getting “B” grade has given scope for improvement. The Governing Council noted that 63 books were purchased at a cost of Rs.40,000.00 for the period December, 2012 - July, 2013.

Journals - 11 International and 6 Indian (including 4 complimentary from staff members and Patron-in-Chief ).

Total amount spent on subscription of Journals for the year 2013 was Rs.6,12,000.00. The bar coding at the library has been partially completed. The meeting adjourned with a vote of thanks to the chairperson.

Trust Meeting

Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust held their meetings on 28th August, 25th October, and 28th December, 2013. The trustees discussed issues related to the developmental activities, allocation of funds & grants for various activities from different sources, events related to College, Boys Hostel and Girls Hostel and took appropriate decisions on policy matter and monitoring aspects. Our grateful thanks to benevolent donors for release of appropriate funds for various activities and for their voluntary unstinted support and guidance.

Founder

Board of Trustees Rtn. M.S. Venkatesh CA.D.L. Suresh Babu Lion. V.S. Shanthavadhan Lion. A.P. Naidu Rtn. M.K. Dattaraj Lion. A.R. Muthu Kumar Dr. Prathibha Karanth Lion. S. Ramachandran Lion. Venkatakrishna Reddy Lion. V.K. Shanmugavel Rtn. Dr. C. Manohar Mr. C.R. Jayachandra Setty Lion. Shrinivassan Mr. Vijay Ramaprasad Lion. Kiran Kumar Chairman Sri D.H. Shankaramurthy Hon’ble Chairman Karnataka Legislative Council, GOK Members Sri K. Jairaj, IAS Administrator, Sri Vyasaraja Math, GOK Sri B.G. Nanda Kumar, IAS Commissioner, Collegiate Education, GOK Sri Gopal Hosur, IPS IGP & Addl Comdt Genl Home Guards Addl Director Civil Defence, GOK

Late Dr. S.R. Chandrasekhar

Governing Council Members Dr. Sister M. Genevieve Dr. Prathibha Karanth Rtn. M.S. Venkatesh Dr. M.N. Nagaraja Dr. Madhuri Gore Dr. Rashmi J. Bhat Dr. B.S. Premalatha Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh CA D.L. Suresh Babu Dr. P.S. Maiya Dr. Shobha Srinath Dr. M.S. Mahadevaiah Mr. D.S. Krishna

Chairman Secretary Treasurer Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee

Advisory Board

Chair Person Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Subject Expert & Member Subject Expert & Member University Member

Mr. M.V. Veda Murthy, IAS Commissioner, Hindu Religious Institution & Charitable Endowments, GOK

Dr. K.R. Narasimha Setty Director, Karnataka Institute of Diabetology, Bangalore

Dr. M.N. Nagaraja Director (Technical) - Dr. S.R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing

Dr. T.V. Krishna Reddy MS, FRCS (Gen. Surgery) FRCS (Otol) Consultant Otolaryngologist North Cheshire Hospitals, London, UK

Padmashree BLS Murthy President, KAVC Trust Rtn. Manandi N. Suresh Past Dist. Governor, RI Dist. 3190 Rtn. Suresh Bhat CEO, Marktech

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Sri Suresh S. Pathi CEO/Partner, Pathi Saree Mandir Sri P.S. Venkatesh Babu CEO, Omkar Offset Printers

Inauguration of College Block

and Member of Advisory Board graced the occasion with their esteemed presence.

The programme started with playing of Nada Geete.

Sri M.S. Venkatesh, Chairman of Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust & Director of Institute welcomed the dignitaries, invitees and the gathering. Dr. Prathibha Karanth, Trustee, presented the report of the Institute.

Dignitaries inaugurated the function by lighting the lamp.

“COLLEGE BLOCK” at the Institute was inaugurated on Thursday the 21st November, 2013 at 10:30 a.m. by Sri K.J. George, Hon’ble Minister for Home, Govt. of Karnataka and Sri P.C. Mohan, Hon’ble Member of Parliament, Bangalore Central as dignitaries.

Mr. M.N. Reddy, President, BJP Bangalore Urban District, Mr. M.S. Venkatesh, Chairman of Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust, Lion. V.S. Shanthavadhan, Treasurer, Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust, Dr. Prathibha Karanth, Lion. V.K. Shanmuga Vel, Sri C.R. Jayachandra Setty, Sri Vijay Ram Prasad as Trustees of Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust, Lion. Sreeram, President of Lions Club of Bangalore East, Sri Gopal B. Hosur, IGP & Addl. Comdt. Genl. Home Guards Addl. Director Civil Defence, Govt. of Karnataka

After the inauguration the donors Sri P.C. Mohan, Sri Pathi Sridhara and Smt. Shantha Sridhara, Sri Manandi Nanjunda Setty and Smt. Nagasundaramma, Sri Menta S. Venkatesh and Smt. Kalpana Venkatesh, Sri K.S. Ganesh and Smt. Sunitha Ganesh, Dr. Shankar, Director of Lakshmi Vilas Bank, Sri Srinath, Director of Karur Vysya Bank, Sri Krishna of Janma Bhoomi Trust were all felicitated and honoured for their invaluable contribution towards building of the College Block which occupies the whole of 3rd floor of the building.

Sri P.C. Mohan, MP while inaugurating the multipurpose hall informed that Sri D.H. Shankara Murthy, Chairman of Karnataka Legislative Council had telephoned and informed him to honour the request of Rtn. M.S. Venkatesh, Director of Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing for financial assistance to build this block. He spoke about the excellent service done by the Institute in the field of rehabilitation of Speech and Hearing. Further he explained that Rtn. Manandi N. Suresh also had spoken high about Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar which made him immediately to release Rs.25 lakhs from his MPLAD Fund. Upon going round the Institute today he felt that he has the satisfaction of releasing the fund for genuine purpose and was glad to take note that same has been judiciously utilised. He noted that he has a long standing relationship with Rtn. Manandi N. Suresh and his father Rtn. Manandi Nanjunda Setty who are well known for their philanthropic activities. He appreciated the service rendered by the Institute and told that these days the Hospitals have become a centre for commercial purpose and the motto of service has vanished. He felt that Speech and Hearing Impaired children needs special support and philanthropists must come forward and extend their financial support to Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing who have been rendering yeomen service to the society over 36 years. He was happy to note from Dr. Prathibha Karanth’s report of Institute that Institute has rendered service to 3,000 - 3500 persons and morethan 200 hearing impaired children are getting trained. He was happy that institute which started in the year 1977 by Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar is continuing to provide yeomen service to the society and is putting all its efforts to mainstream the speech and hearing impaired children and making them

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useful citizens. 36 years of sustained growth is a credible effort.

He informed that in his political career spanning more than 22 years, he meets more than 50-60 persons daily who come with two purposes; one seeking education help and other seeking health related issues. He was happy and proud to sanction, after speaking to Dr. Satish Chandra, `1.25 crores to start disaster management set up at Bowring Hospital where more than 4500 sq.ft. of building with sophisticated equipment to handle the accident victims etc is being put up. He also said that a scanning machine worth crores of rupees has also been donated to Victoria Hospital to facilitate poor patients availing that facility. He promised that Institute can approach him for any type of help in future also & he will be willing to extend his help. He released the Institute’s quarterly newsletter ISHLINK October, 2013 which is fully dedicated to the memory of Founder Late Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar.

Sri Gopal B. Hosur, IGP released the report of Mothers Training Centre & congratulated the institution on its development and good work.

Sri B. Govindaraj, Hon’ble Corporator of HBR Ward 24 and Ex Chairman of Education Committee of BBMP told that he is happy that this Institute is in his ward and is proud to be associated with its activities in many ways. He was happy that through the good efforts of Sri M.N. Reddy and other stalwarts the starting of Slaughter House in the area has been stalled and it paved the way for starting of Sree Sai Baba Temple, Sri Kannika Parameshwari Temple, ISKCON temple and a Government School. He thanked Sri P.C. Mohan for extending financial help of Rs.20 lakhs to the Government School and BBMP is also building two class rooms out of its funds. He was happy and impressed that many donors have come forward to extend their financial help to the Institute without expecting any publicity or favour which shown their true passion to help the handicapped. He was proud that he was able to get for Institute the Nada Prabhu Kempegowada Prashasthi 2010 conferred from his ward to Late Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar when he was alive and Nada Prabhu Kempegowada Award to the Institute from BBMP during the year 2013. He was happy to grace the occasion as the Guest of Honour and assured the Institute that they can approach him for any kind of help which he will do with happiness. The Institute employees supervising the construction work Mr. Jayaram C.S. and Mr. Robert were honoured along with felicitation of Mr. R.V. Panch, the Architect for his design and supervision of building activity of the Institute for past 30 years without any remuneration.

Vote of thanks was rendered by Lion. V.S. Shanthavadhan and with National Anthem the programme came to an end.

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…College Block

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Honouring of benevolent Donors

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Honouring of benevolent Donor & persons involved in College Block construction

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Seminar on Auditory Evoked Potentials

by Dr. James. W. Hall III The institute proudly welcomed Dr. James W. Hall III, a world renowned researcher in Audiology to conduct a one day seminar on 22nd August 2013. The seminar was organized by Grason - StadlerInc (GSI) at the Institute.

Dr. James Hall is currently a visiting Lecturer at Illinois State University, Normal Illinois and serves as Adjunct Professor at Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale Florida and Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania.

In addition, he serves as extraordinary Professor at the Department of Communication Pathology, University of Pretoria, South Africa.

Dr. Hall, conducted a seminar on ‘Auditory Evoked Potentials’ covering a range of topics including anatomical generators of auditory evoked responses: cochlea to cortex, objective hearing assessment in infants and young children, stimulus options for ABR, non-auditory electrophysiological procedures in clinical audiology, auditory middle latency response: measurement, analysis, and clinical applications. The lectures were followed by demonstration of Tone burst and Chirp evoked ABR. Staff and students from the institute as well as students from J.S.S. Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore and Samvaad Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore, faculty from National Institute of Speech and Hearing, Trivandrum and St. John’s Hospital Bangalore attended the seminar.

We thank Mr. Kumar J., Manager, Alliance Biomedica and Mr. Daniel Morehead, International Business Head, Grason - StadlerInc (GSI) for their initiative to organize the seminar at Dr. SRCISH. Big thanks to the entire GSI team for support for hands on demonstrations and also having their presence felt beyond this programme. The institute has always appreciated the constant support and service of the team of GSI experts and representatives; many of whom have become familiar faces to us and have been with us to ensure smooth functioning of our department.

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National Conference on Ageing & its Effects on Hearing, Speech, Language and Communication Vidyapeet University, Pune, Helen Keller Institute of Speech and Hearing, Hyderabad, Samvaad Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore, and students from our own Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore participated in the conference.

We are proud to report on National Conference on “Ageing and Its Effects on Hearing, Speech, Language and Communication” conducted at our institute from 19th September to 21st September, 2013. This conference got recognized as Continuing Rehabilitation Education (CRE) by RCI and was co-sponsored by ICMR, New Delhi; Widex India Pvt. Ltd.; All India Institute of Speech & Hearing, Mysore; Bengaluru Chapter of ISHA; ISHA (HQ) and Vaibhav Speech & Hearing Centre, Mysore. The inauguration of the programme was held on the first day19th September, 2013 from 9.30 am to 10.30 am at the Dr. SRC Institute auditorium. Dr. M.N. Nagaraja, Director (Technical) and organizing secretary of the national conference welcomed the dignitaries and delegates. Sri Gopal B. Hosur, IGP & Addl. Comdt. Genl. Home Guards Addl. Director Civil Defence, Govt. of Karnataka, presided over the function as chief guest and Dr. M. Maiya, Senior Physician was honoured on the occasion and he delivered key note address as guest of honour. These distinguished guests along with Lion. Shanthavadhan, Treasurer, Bangalore Speech & Hearing Trust, and Dr. Madhuri Gore, Principal, lighted the lamp and inaugurated the conference. The souvenir of the conference containing the abstracts of lectures being delivered by the invited speakers and peer reviewed papers was released on this occasion. This was followed by inspiring addresses by the chief guest and the key note address by Dr. M. Maiya.

A total of 21 expert resource professionals participated as invited faculty. They were invited from fields of medicine, neurology, psychiatry, psychology, audiology and speech language pathology and requested to deliver lectures in their areas of expertise. A total of 160 PG student delegates and professionals from various institutes such as KMC Mangalore, Mangalore Academy of Professional Sciences, Mangalore, BYL Nair hospital, Mumbai. School of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology- Bharthiya

The first session of the day started with the lecture titled “Changes in voice over lifespan” delivered by Dr. N.P. Nataraja, Director J.S.S Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore. The second lecture was on “Age related changes on production of speech” and was delivered by Dr. S.R. Savithri, Director All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore. The third lecture titled “Age related changes in hearing and speech perception” was delivered by Dr. M. Jayaram, Senior Professor, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore. The post-lunch session continued on the topic of hearing and balance functions. The session started with the lecture on “Effect of ageing on audition” by Dr. Madhuri Gore, Principal, Dr. S.R.C Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore. The fifth Lecture of the day was on “Assessment and management of balance disorders in the aged” delivered by Mr. Suresh Thontadarya, Practicing audiologist- Sharjah, Dubai and visiting faculty at Samvaad Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore. This was followed by a lecture on “Issues in auditory processing in elderly” by Dr. Rashmi J. Bhat, Head Dept. of Hearing Sciences of Dr. SRCISH. The final lecture for the day was on “Ageing effects on otological conditions/disorders”

by Dr. N.D. Purushotham, Practicing ENT Specialist, Malnad ENT clinic, Jayanagar, Bangalore.

The second day of the conference (20th September, 2013) included two sessions as well It began with a talk on “Effects of ageing on psychosocial issues” presented by the presided chairperson Dr. Indira Jaiprakash, former Professor & Head – Department of Psychology, Bangalore University. The second lecture for the day and ninth in the program was on “Communication in persons with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis” by Dr. B.K Yamini, Assistant Professor, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore.

Scientific Session IV was chaired by Dr. E.V. Joshy, Consultant Neurologist and Head, Dept. of Neurology, Sri Satya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore.

Dr. Joshy presented a talk on “Motor neuron diseases in the aged”. This was followed by the lecture on “Medical aspects of Dementia” delivered by Dr. Ratnavalli Ellajoysula, Consultant Neurologist and Head - Dept.

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of Neurology, Manipal Hospitals, Bangalore. The fifth lecture of the day and the twelfth of the program was on “Managing challenging behaviours in dementia”

by Dr. Soumya Hegde, Associate Medical Director and Consultant Geriatric Psychiatrist, Nightingales Centre for Aging and Alzheimer’s, Bangalore.

The programme for third day - 21st September, 2013 included the Vth & VIth scientific sessions and were chaired by Dr. N. Shivashankar, Professor and Head, Dept. of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore. The first lecture of the day and thirteenth in the conference was on “Schizophrenia - Accelerated ageing? by Dr. B.N. Gangadhar, Professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore.

The second lecture of the third day and fourteenth of the program was on “Impact of ageing on language and communication” delivered by Dr. Shyamala Changappa, Professor & Head-Dept. of Speech Language Pathology, AIISH, Mysore. The third topic

of the day on “Management of language disorders in the aged” was presented by Dr. V.P. Vandana, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore. The lecture on “Effects of ageing on swallowing” was presented by Dr. B.S. Premalatha, Professor and Head- Dept. of Speech Language Studies at Dr. SRCISH. The chairperson Dr. Shivashankar concluded the session with a talk on“Communication aspects in Dementia”. Faculty and students from the institute presented research papers in the session on free papers.

Lion. Sriram, President of Lions Club of Bangalore (East) handed over the participation and attendance certificate of the ICMR co-sponsored & RCI-CRE national conference to participants and delegates. The best paper award in the free papers category was won by the paper titled “Sentence repetition in bilingual elderly” authored by Ms. Deepa Dominic, Ms. Swetha G., Ms. Nidya Seles and Ms. Divya Swaminathan.

Become a Donor Lions Club of Bangalore East

Institute has placed orders for Eicher chassis and body building is finalized with M/s.

Kannappa Automobiles for Mobile Speech and Hearing Unit. Regarding testing equipments Institute has started the process of procuring required equipments. The project is being monitored by Lion. V.S. Shanthavadhan, Lion.

S. Ramachandran, Lion. Venkatakrishna Reddy, Lion. V.K. Shanmugavel & Lion. Srinivasan.

The Lions Club of Bangalore East is sponsoring milk expenses and also distribution of prizes to Hearing Impaired Children of our Sunaad School during Independence Day Celebrations.

Wellwisher Donor Major Donor

Rs.10,000/- & above Rs.25,000/- & above Rs.1,00,000/- & above

Donations

We welcome donations in cash or kind as well.

Donations to the Institute are exempt U/s 80-G of the Income Tax Act. The cheques or demand drafts may kindly be drawn in favour of “Bangalore Speech and Hearing Trust” and mailed to The Director, Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing, Hennur Road, Lingarajapuram, Bangalore 560 084.

Free Service

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Hands-on Workshop on Objective Analysis and Assessment of Voice & Speech

The Department of Speech Language Studies of the Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing organized a two day hands on workshop on “Objective analysis and assessment of voice and speech” on 25th and 26th October, 2013. We were very privileged to have Dr. N. Rathna, Former Director of AIISH Mysore & AYJNIHH Mumbai, blessing the occasion as chief guest and inaugurating the workshop. He delivered the key note address on “Importance of Instrumental analysis over perceptual analysis”. Dr. Rathna spoke about assessment procedures used in the past, focussing on perceptual evaluation which is still considered as the “Gold standard” in evaluation of voice and speech and the emergence of instrumental analysis in the recent decade. He also emphasised on free downloadable software available now such as PRAAT and its application especially in private practices. He highlighted how the new generation of Speech Language Pathologist can utilize both perceptual and instrumental procedures for high quality assessment and intervention.

Day one of the workshop focused on “Analysis of voice” and was conducted by Dr. N.P. Nataraja, Director, J.S.S Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore. Session I commenced with an overview of existing perceptual methods of assessment of voice and shifted to the various instrumental procedures available. He focused on how objective evaluation of voice becomes essential to facilitate better diagnosis and thus better rehabilitative methods.

Parameters of acoustic, spectrographic and aerodynamic analysis of voice were discussed with utmost precession and clarity. In the latter half of the session the PRAAT software was introduced and demonstration on how to download and use the software was given. Session II titled “Demonstration/ Practical on Acoustic & Spectrographic Analysis of Voice” provided hands on training on analyzing normal and pathological voice using PRAAT software. It was performed by the faculty at the lab and the same was streamed for the participants

to practice with their laptops in groups of 4 to 5 per group at the auditorium. Voice samples were provided to each participant in the workshop CD and acoustic and spectrographic analyses of voice were demonstrated using MDVP and Vaghmi software.

The demonstrations were done in the Speech Science Lab using dedicated equipment and participants could view the same in the auditorium through video streaming and carried out the analyses in groups on their own laptops. This allowed two-way communication between lab and auditorium at a distance of about 50 yards.

The second day of the workshop focussed on “Analysis of Speech” and was conducted by non-other than Dr. S. R. Savithri, Senior Professor and Director, All India Institute of Speech & Hearing, Mysore. In addition to delegates all clinical and faculty staff of Department of Speech Language Studies of the institute also participated. She in her lectures with specific spectrograms demonstrated identification of various components like different types of consonants, voicing features, VOT, burst etc. and their interpretation. She emphasized that recognizing components of speech through spectrogram become possible only by practice and after this workshop the delegates should continually practice to retain what they have learnt. Session III was titled “Acoustic and Spectrographic Analysis of Speech”. The talk began with explicit explanations of the acoustic theory of speech production and smoothly moved on to efficiently cover the basics of spectrographs emphasizing on reading of different types of spectrograms. Afterwards lecture was provided on different filter setting options and few other modifications of signal in PRAAT and how to identify phonemes and words using wideband spectrograms. In the latter half of the session participants were encouraged to identify phonemes and words from spectrograms. Session IV titled “Demonstration/ Practical on Analysis of Speech” was devoted to hands on training on identification of few pre-recorded speech samples using PRAAT software.

The workshop was a huge success with enthusiastic interaction from delegates while attending lectures of the eminent resource persons and eagerly seeking clarifications to their doubts in the practical sessions.

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Orientation Seminar on Hanen Program “More than Words”

The institute hosted a free seminar on “More than Words” organized by The Hanen Center, Canada (www.hanen.org) along with FiVE - Pediatric Therapy Services on 20th November, 2013. Ms. Anne McDade, a senior instructor and coordinator for Hanen UK/Ireland provided a two hour orientation on the Hanen certificate program “More than Words” - A program designed to equip Speech Language Pathologists to empower families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Staff and students from the institute participated in the seminar. In addition, several practicing Speech Language Pathologists from Bangalore also attended the seminar. We thank Ms. Soumya Menon, DirectorServices, FiVE - Pediatric Therapy Services, an alumnus of the institute for organizing the orientation program.

Participation in Workshops / Seminars & Conferences Ms. Anusha and Ms. Rexy were deputed to attend the Introductory training for CI audiologist, from 4th – 7th July, 2013 organized by Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd., at Dr. Medikeri’s Super Speciality ENT Center, Basavanagudi, Bangalore. Ms. Rakhi Clinical Manager, S.E. Asia of Cochlear Ltd., Mr. Deviah. K.B., Product Specialist, Product Specialist, Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd., and Ms. Ashwini, clinical audiologist were the team involved in training the professionals during the workshop.

Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh participated in the 20th Annual meeting of the Society for Scientific Studies of Reading at Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong from 10th to 13th July 2013 and presented an oral paper titled “Syllable segmentation in Telugu: Observation from Typically developing children” in the symposium on literacy development in akshara languages. Dr. Lakshmi received the International Travel Support for young scientists from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India to attend the conference.

Ms. Lydia and Ms. Anusha along with the final year Bachelors students attended a National Workshop on ‘Speech Specific Auditory Evoked Potentials and its Application’ conducted by J.S.S Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore on 25th and 26th July, 2013.

Dr. M.N. Nagaraja as Guest of Honour delivered a Keynote address on “Speech as signal for Auditory Assessment in the National workshop on ‘Speech specific Auditory Evoked Potential & its Applications in the field of Speech and Hearing” held in J.S.S. Institute of Speech & Hearing on 25th and 26th July 2013.

Dr. Madhuri Gore and the first year post graduate students attended the Cyber Physical Systems Seminar Series on the

topic ‘An Innovators Journey- A clinical perspective’ by Dr. Jagdish Chaturvedi (Stanford India Biodesign Fellow-2012, D. N.B. Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery) on 17th September, 2013. This talk described the field of developing multiple functional medical devices and the Stanford India Biodesign Fellowship Program that trains aspiring entrepreneurs on medical device inventions and innovations. The seminar was held in seminar hall, Robert Bosch Center for Cyber Physical Systems, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.

Mr. Nitish R. Patel and the first year postgraduate students attended a seminar on ‘Recent Advancements in ElectroAcoustic Measurements’ at All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore on 24th and 25th September, 2013.

Ms. Rexy Susan Varkey and Ms. Radhika were deputed to attend the Auditory Habilitation of Toddlers (AHOT) organized by Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd. from 23rd to 27th September, 2013. The five day program was led by Ms. Jaspal Chaudhary at Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore.

Dr. B.S. Premalatha and Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh attended the International Conference “Acoustics 2013 - Technologies for a Quieter India” organized by Acoustical Society of India (ASI), French Acoustical Society (SFA) at CSIRNational Physical Laboratory, New Delhi from 10th-15th November, 2013.

Ms. Shwetha G., along with students attended the National Women’s Science Congress organized by Matru Vedike (Women Scientists Forum) Swadeshi Vijnana Andolana Karnataka (The Karnataka Unit of Vijnana Bharati) at Laxmi Venkatesh Desai College, Raichur from 7th to 9th November, 2013.

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Other Workshops / Seminars Conducted at Institute The department of hearing studies organized an orientation on cochlear implantation for the parents of children with hearing impairment on 5th July, 2013. Both parents of children implanted with cochlear implants and those who were considering implants for their children participated.

This programme was conducted in association with Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd. Mr. Deviah. K.B., Product Specialist, represented the company.

Dr. Medikeri, ENT surgeon, oriented the gathering on the surgical aspects and the benefits of cochlear implant. Ms. Megha Sasidharan, Lecturer, Dept. of Hearing Studies delivered a presentation on the topics ‘Post CI Assessment’, ‘Mapping’, and ‘Care and Maintenance of cochlear implant device’. Ms. Shruthi and Ms. Lydia, clinical supervisors in the Dept. of Hearing Studies gave a presentation on ‘Troubleshooting of CI device’.

Mr. Syed Shanawaz Ali, Clinical Specialist- Audiology, MEDEL conducted a one-day program on cochlear implants on 3rd August, 2013 at the Institute. A total of 63 participants including III year Bachelors students, Special educators, D.S.E students, and auditory verbal therapy staff attended the program which was highly interactive.

Dr. Akash from Acquity Lab, Bangalore delivered a talk on ‘New Born Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism’ for the students and staffs of the institute on 30th August, 2013.

Dr. Krishna T.V. Reddy, MS, FRCS (Surgery Gen.), FRCS (Otol), Consultant Otolaryngologist, North Cheshire Hospital, London, U.K., an eminent consultant who has long been associated with the institute visited the institute on 6th September, 2013. He addressed the staff and the students on a wide variety of topics including the ‘Importance of an accurate audiogram’, ‘Diseases of the oropharynx and its treatment’, and a glimpse into the facial reconstruction surgeries.

Mr. Saji Maruthurkkara. Senior Research Audiologist at Cochlear gave a talk titled ‘The recent advances in the field of cochlear CI products’ on 3rd October, 2013 to the post graduate students – M.Sc. (Audiology), MASLP and the staff of the department of hearing studies.

Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh, Associate Professor at the Institute gave a talk titled “Speech, Language and Communication Development in Typically Developing Children” to the final year undergraduate students and post graduate students on 4th October, 2013.

The department of hearing studies organized a seminar on 23rd November, 2013 by Ms. Brahada Shanker, Senior Officer-Programs, Sense International (India), on the topic on Rehabilitation of Individuals with Deaf-Blindness.

Understanding deaf blindness and the impacts of the disability, various causes for deaf blindness and communication methods, strategies and adaptations were the topics covered during the session. Students and staff of the institute as well as the Sunaad School for children with hearing impairment participated in the seminar.

14 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Research Papers Presented at Conferences

Staff and students of the institute participated in several conferences and seminars and presented research papers.

Sl. No. Conference/Seminar 20th Annual meeting of the Society for Scientific Studies of Reading at 1 Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 10th to 13th July 2013 2

Multi-dimensional scoring in assessment and management of aphasia: An exploratory study.

Conversational analysis: A comparison between non brain - damaged geriatric and middle-aged adults

4 5

7

Syllable segmentation in Telugu: Observation from Typically developing children Fluency characteristics in the ageing population

3

6

Title of the Scientific Paper

Measurement of DDK in dysarthrics

National Conference on “Ageing and its effect on Hearing, Speech, Language and Communication” organized by Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore from 19th-21st September, 2013

Sentence repetition in bilingual elderly

Speech rhythm in Kannada speaking elderly

8

Laryngeal Diadochokinetic Rates (L-DDK Rates) in normal ageing

9

Communication profile in normal elderly

10

Cognitive-executive functions profile in normal ageing using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

11

Effect of verbal working memory in the young and elderly

12 13 14

“Acoustics 2013 - Technologies for a Quieter India” organized by Acoustical Society of India (ASI), French Acoustical Society (SFA) at CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi from 10th-15th November, 2013

Acoustic analysis of swallowing sounds in larynjectomes Objective measurement of oral diadochokinesis and vowel characteristics in dysarthrics Vocal tract resonance and speech intelligibility in combined maxillectomy and mandibullectomy

15

Code switching code mixing as an intervention strategy in multi -lingual aphasic: A case study

16

Speech characteristics following with myotonicdistrophy: A case study

17

18

National Women’s Science Congress organized by Matru Vedike (Women Scientists Forum) Swadeshi Vijnana AndolanaKarnatka (The Karnataka Unit of Vijnana Bharati) at Laxmi Venkatesh Desai College, Raichur from 7th-9th November, 2013

Sentence repetition in bilingual elderly

Effect of verbal working memory in the young and elderly

19

Effect of music in child with autism spectrum disorder: An observation

20

Parental satisfaction with outcome of training intervention in children with speech & language disorders 15 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Authors Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh Ms. Bhavani G. Dr. Vani Rupella Dr. Sonali Nag Ms. Anjum Zahra Naqvi Ms. Deepa Domonic Dr. B.S. Premalatha Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh Ms. Deeksha Rayapati Ms. Smitha Caren Mathias Dr. Prathibha Karanth Ms. C.S. Upanisha Ms. Vaishnavi Ramadas Dr. B.S. Premalatha Ms. Deepa Dominic Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Nitya Seles J. Ms. Divya Swaminathan Ms. Unnati Kapadia Ms. Aparna V.S. Ms. Anima Mishra Ms. Nikita Dadlani Ms. Trisha Huddar Ms. Pratiksha Vaidyanathan Ms. Revathi Magesh Ms. Unnati Kapadia Ms. Aparna V.S. Ms. Pratiksha Vaidyanathan Ms. Akshaya Mariam Mathews Ms. Revathi Magesh Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Sujatha Shankar Ms. Charlotte Louieza D’Souza Ms. Sanakki Zemima Daniel Dr. B.S. Premalatha Ms. Indu Thammaiah K. Ms. Vaishnavi Ramadas Ms. C.S. Upanisha Dr. B.S. Premalatha Dr. B.S. Premalatha Ms. Deepa Dominic Ms. Sujatha S. Ms. Sharon George Dr. B.S. Premalatha Dr. B.S. Premalatha Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Sujatha Shankar Ms. Sharon George Ms. Sahana Srinivasan Ms. Deepa Dominic Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Nitya Seles J. Ms. Divya Swaminathan Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Sujatha Shankar Ms. Anjali Maratt Ms. Charlotte Louieza D’Souza Ms. Sanakki Zemima Daniel Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Supreeta Santosh Ms. Dona Thomas Ms. Swetha Grandhi Ms. Sujatha Shankar Ms. Nitya Seles J. Ms. Divya Swamynathan

Mothers’ Training Center Parents attending the mothers training program participated in an orientation on cochlear implantation for the parents of children with hearing impairment on 5th July, 2013. This programme was conducted by the department of hearing studies in association with Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd., Dr. Medikeri, ENT surgeon, oriented the gathering on the surgical aspects and the benefits of cochlear implant. He kindly clarified all the doubts raised by the parents. Ms. Megha and Ms. Shruthi from the department explained about the mapping procedure and maintenance of cochlear implants.

Children participated in Independence Day celebrations held at the institute. Children participated in fancy dress depicting the various gods and goddesses from different religions. All children received a cash prize of Rs.100/- each as encouragement for their enthusiastic participation. As usual the festivals of Varamahalakshmi, Shri Krishna Janmashtami, and Ganesha Chathurthi were celebrated at the center. Fancy dress competitions were held on Krishna Janmashtami.

Teachers’ day was observed at the center on September, 5th.

Children offered roses to their teachers and sought their blessings. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan’s photo was garlanded and floral tribute was offered by teachers, mothers and all children.

The center was closed from 7th to 18th October. Children were assessed in both oral and written forms and mothers were counselled and guided on the performance of their children. The term ended with Christmas celebrations in the last week of December.

Sunaad School for Hearing Impaired Teachers meetings were conducted every month to discuss the progress of children, challenges faced by teachers and their solutions. Parent teachers meeting were conducted on the following dates: • 24.07.2013 – Parents of students of class X were requested to make medical certificate and Government Identity card.

• 22.08.2013 – Announcement of midterm exam dates, revision and holiday homework/ project.

• 31.10.2013 – Issuing progress cards and discussion on child’s progress.

Co-curricular Activities In addition to academics, various extra-curricular activities were conducted throughout the year. Inter-house competitions were held each month and winners were given prizes. Competitions included drawing competition (1.07.2013), handwriting competition (01.08.2013), generating wealth from waste (20.09.2013), and greeting card making competition (29.10.2013).

Sports competitions were held on 13th November, 2013. Team games, individual games and other sporting activities were conducted.

Independence Day Celebrations The School reopened after summer holidays on 3rd June 2013.

There were 10 new admissions across different classes, the total strength of the students is 170.

We celebrated the 66th Independence Day on 15.08.2013 in our school campus. The national flag was hoisted by the chief guest Lion. S. Sreeram, President of Lions Club of Bangalore East. The national anthem was sung earnestly by all students and teachers.

This was followed by cultural programme by Students of Sunaad School and mother’s training center. Children participated in a fancy dress competition depicting various national leaders and danced on patriotic songs. Prizes for the various inter-house competition held during the academic year 2012-13 were distributed during the program. The prizes and sweets for children were sponsored by Lions Club of Bangalore East. The club also presented a cheque for Rs.60,000/- as donation to Trust.

Meetings/Seminars/Workshops attended by the staff Two staff members from Sunaad School attended a workshop to teach science and mathematics from children in IV to X standard using computers. This workshop was conducted by Sankya as part of a project called LEAD (Learning to enhance all round Development) launched on 27th June 2013.

Staff from the school attended several meetings conducted by government departments including the meeting by women and child welfare department on 10th July 2013 to discuss identification of post for physically challenged individuals, meeting on SSLC examination by Karnataka Higher Education Department (25th July) meeting on new amendments to RTE conducted by the BEO office (26th and 30th October) and the meeting on Disabled Day celebrations (11th and 18th November).

Ms. Susheela attended the workshop on “Early Screening and Identification of Sensory Behavioural problems in young children” organized by Spastic Society of Karnataka, Bangalore on 28th September 2013.

As always, students and staff enthusiastically celebrated Teachers Day, Childrens’ Day, Diwali and Christmas in the school. All these celebrations helped children to understand various traditions and were followed up as language lessons to develop language for preschool to 10th standard. Teachers’ day was celebrated on 5th September 2013. The students of Sunaad School entertained the teachers through various cultural programmes. Children’s Day was celebrated on November 14th to celebrate the birthday of our first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. Teachers enacted some incidents of Nehru’s life and gave a short description of his life. Teacher trainees and teachers also performed a dance and a skit. It was an enjoyable as well as a learning experience for the children. Diwali was celebrated on 5th November 2013. Christmas celebrations on 20th December 2013 brought in a beautiful crib prepared by students and teachers of the school. The story of Christmas was explained to the students followed by distribution of cakes and sweets to the children.

17 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Hal itosi s

Compiled by

Dr. TARA S.

Consultant ENT Surgeon

Halitosis is also referred to as oral malodor, but most of us know it quite simply as “bad breath.” Even though it’s a comparatively minor health problem, bad breath can be distressing and a bit of a social handicap. It is not a wonder that we spend millions each year on efforts to freshen our breath with various gums, sprays, and mouthwashes.

Halitosis, also known as “bad breath or oral malodor”, is a common disorder with more than 90 million Americans suffering from it. It can be embarrassing for those people who are experiencing it. Most adults probably suffer from bad breath occasionally, with perhaps about 25 percent suffering on a regular basis.

Bad breath (halitosis) affects how you feel about yourself, not to mention how others perceive you. Everybody has bad breath from time to time, especially first thing in the morning. You also may have bad breath when you are hungry, when you are dieting, or after eating foods with a strong odor, such as garlic, onions, or pastrami. It can be caused by the foods you eat, dry mouth, tobacco products, or a medical disorder. Maintaining proper oral health can help reduce or eliminate bad breath.

More than 80 million people suffer from chronic halitosis, or bad breath. In most cases it originates from the gums and tongue. The odor is caused by wastes from bacteria in the mouth, the decay of food particles, other debris in your mouth and poor oral hygiene. The decay and debris produce a sulfur compound that causes the unpleasant odor.

periodontal disease (gum disease), and about 20% of the general population are reported to suffer from it to some degree.

However, not all people who think they have halitosis have a genuine problem, and this phenomena is called pseudohalitosis, halitophobia (delusion halitosis), or many other names. As a percentage of people who think they have halitosis and seek treatment, between 5-72% have been reported to have no genuine halitosis when professionally examined. Of those people who have genuine halitosis, about 90% of the time the odor is caused by something in the mouth, commonly odors released by bacteria present below the gumline and on the back of the tongue. The remaining 10% is accounted for by many different conditions, including disorders in the nose, sinuses, throat, lungs, esophagus, stomach or elsewhere.

Very rarely, halitosis can be one of many symptoms of a serious underlying medical condition such as liver failure, but in the vast majority of cases the cause is minor and can often be reduced by adjustments to oral hygiene, including brushing or gently scraping the back of the tongue and improving the health of the gums, e.g. by using dental floss. Occasionally however, especially if the origin of the odor is not in the mouth, halitosis can be more difficult to diagnose and to manage successfully.

Halitosis is a social taboo, and as a result sometimes psychologic or social problems can develop, such as social anxiety and depression.

History

Synonyms and Keywords

Bad breath, halitosis, foul breath, offensive breath, morning breath

The word halitosis is derived from the Latin word halitus, meaning ‘breath’, and the Greek suffix-osis meaning ‘diseased’ or ‘a condition of ’.

Halitosis, called bad breath, is a symptom where a noticeably unpleasant odor is present on the exhaled breath. Concern about halitosis is estimated to be the third most frequent reason for people to seek dental care, following dental caries (tooth decay) and

The 1550BC Ebers Papyrus describes tablets to cure bad breath based on incense, cinnamon, and honey. Ancient Chinese emperors required visitors to chew clove before an audience. Early Islamic theology stressed that the teeth and tongue should be cleaned with a Siwak, a stick from the plant Salvadorapersica tree. This traditional chewing

The earliest known mention of halitosis occurs in ancient Egypt, where detailed recipes for toothpaste are made before the Pyramids are built.

18 | ISH LINK | January 2014

stick is also called a Miswak, especially used in Saudi Arabia, an essentially is like a natural toothbrush made from twigs.

Contrary to the popular legend that Listerine coined the term halitosis, it actually dates from the 1870s, although it only became commonly used in the 1920s when a marketing campaign promoted Listerine as a solution for “chronic halitosis”. The company was the first to manufacture mouth washes in the United States.

In the present day, halitosis is one of the biggest societal taboos. The general population places great importance on the avoidance of bad breath, illustrated by the annual $1 billion that consumers in the United States spend on deodorant-type mouth (oral) rinses, mints, and related over-the counter products. Many of these practices are merely short term attempts at masking the odor.

Bad Breath Causes

Bad breath (halitosis) can be caused by a variety of things including diet, medication, poor oral hygiene, and diseases or conditions such as diabetes, GERD, lactose intolerance, gum disease, and more. Treatment for bad breath depends on the cause. There are many things that can cause bad breath, including the following: • When a person does not brush or floss their teeth thoroughly, food particles may remain in the mouth.

These particles may rot and cause foul odors. In addition, food particles over time can promote the growth of bacteria, which can also cause foul odors. The bacteria can also lead to tooth decay and gum disease.

• Diet: Foods with strong odors also affect the air a person exhales. Foods commonly known to contribute to bad breath include onions and garlic, exotic spices (such as curry), some cheeses, fish, and acidic beverages such as coffee. Foods are absorbed into the bloodstream and then transferred to the lungs, causing noticeable odors when exhaled. These foods may also cause gastrointestinal upset and belching, which can contribute to bad breath.

In addition, certain supplements such as fish oil capsules can contribute to bad breath.

• Low carbohydrate diets may also cause what is known as ‘ketone breath.’ So-called ‘low carb’ diets cause the body to burn fat as its energy source. The end-product of making this energy are ketones, which cause a fruity acetone-like odor on the breath when exhaled.

• Dry Mouth: Bad breath can also be caused by decreased flow of saliva, which is a vital part of the digestive process and removes odor-causing particles in the mouth.

Also called xerostomia, dry mouth may be caused by medications, breathing through the mouth, or salivary gland problems.

• Tobacco Products: In addition to causing bad breath, smoking or chewing tobacco-based products can stain teeth, irritate gum tissue, and exacerbate tooth decay.

• Medical Disorders: Certain medical disorders may cause bad breath, for example: gum or periodontal infection, throat infection (pharyngitis or tonsillitis), local infection in the respiratory tract, chronic sinusitis and/or post-nasal drip, chronic bronchitis, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), liver or kidney

disease, Sjogren’s syndrome (causes xerostomia), and lactose intolerance. Mouth infections such as thrush (candidiasis) may cause bad breath.

• Taking certain medications can also cause bad breath, especially those that reduce the flow of saliva and dry out the mouth (e.g., some antidepressants, antipsychotics, antihistamines, decongestants, and medications to reduce high blood pressure). Medications such as antimicrobial agents, anti-rheumatic, anti-hypertensive, antidepressants and analgesics may cause altered taste and xerostomia.

• Dentures or Dental Appliances: Dentures or dental appliances, such as braces, can contribute to bad breath.

Most often it is due to food particles that are not properly cleansed from the appliances. Loose-fitting dentures can contribute to sores and localized infections in the mouth, which can cause bad breath.

• Morning Breath: Overnight, bacteria accumulate in the mouth, causing bad breath that is commonly referred to as ‘morning breath.’ Some people breathe through their mouth at night, which can cause dry mouth and worsen morning breath.

Bad Breath Symptoms

The awkward irony of halitosis is that many people aren’t aware that they have it. This is because the cells in the nose that are responsible for the sense of smell actually become unresponsive to the continuous stream of bad odour. If you have bad breath, you may need to be told, or you may notice the negative reaction of other people when you’re just too close!

Many individuals with bad breath may be unaware they have it, or their symptoms may only be temporary. The odor often depends upon the source or underlying cause of the bad breath.

The features of halitosis can include: • A white coating on the tongue especially at the back of the tongue • Dry mouth • Build up around teeth • Post-nasal drip, or mucous • Morning bad breath and a burning tongue • Thick saliva and a constant need to clear your throat • Constant sour, bitter metallic taste.

Having halitosis can have a major impact on a person.

Because of bad breath, other people may back away or turn their heads. This can cause a loss of confidence and self-esteem.

Diagnosing Halitosis

It’s easy to self-diagnose bad breath. You can lick your wrist, let it dry for a few seconds and smell the area, or cup your hands over your mouth and sniff your own breath. If you need a second opinion, ask a friend, family member, or your physician or dentist.

19 | ISH LINK | January 2014

When to Seek Medical Care

Most causes of bad breath are due to inadequate oral hygiene and are rarely life-threatening. If good oral hygiene practices do not eliminate the bad breath, see a dental professional. In most cases, a dentist can treat the cause of bad breath. An individual should consult their physician if they have: • persistent dry mouth • sores in the mouth • pain with chewing or swallowing • white spots on the tonsils • fever • just started a new medication • had recent dental surgery, or • Any other symptoms that are of concern.

Bad breath in babies or young children may be a sign of infection or undiagnosed medical problems. Consult the child’s doctor or dentist if an infant or young child has bad breath.

Exams and Tests

• A complete medical and dental history should be taken. The patient will be asked about their bad breath problem, dietary habits, tobacco use, medications, medical conditions and family history.

• A dentist will examine the patient’s mouth. X-rays may be taken, and periodontal charting may be done to determine if the odor is due to gum disease.

• A Halometer measures volatile sulfur compounds in the breath and may be used.

Treating and Preventing Halitosis

The manufacturers of mints and mouthwashes have made an industry out of the public’s desire for fresh breath.

These products promise that your breath can be made sweet-smelling and “minty fresh.” However, they’re only temporarily helpful at best in controlling breath odours.

In fact, many often contain sugar and alcohol, which may lead to tooth decay and may aggravate certain mouth conditions.

Proper care of the mouth and teeth and regular visits to the dentist are important, and are the most effective way to control bad breath. Regular brushing, flossing, rinsing, and tongue scraping can help prevent problems.

Sometimes, halitosis may be caused by illnesses such as lung disease, impaired emptying of the stomach, liver failure, or kidney failure. In this case, treating the underlying condition can improve the halitosis as well.

To help improve your breath: • Gargle with water.

• Practice good oral hygiene : • brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, • brush the teeth after meals, • brush the tongue, • replace your toothbrush every two to three months, • use dental floss regularly, • dentures should be removed at night and cleaned thoroughly before being placed in your mouth, and • Floss your teeth once each day.

• Eat a low-fat diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

• Eat less meat.

• Do not smoke or use other tobacco products, such as snuff or chewing (spit) tobacco.

• Avoid foods and drinks that cause bad breath, such as onions, garlic and alcohol.

• Eat at regular intervals. Dieting or missing meals can decrease saliva and cause bad breath.

• Chew sugar-free gum (cinnamon flavoured) suck on sugar-free mints, or drink water, especially if your mouth is dry.

• Remove dentures, removable bridges, partial plates, or orthodontic appliances and clean them once each day or as directed by your dentist. Pieces of food and germs can collect on these appliances and cause bad breath.

• Use a mouthwash (chlorhexidine) for temporary relief of bad breath. Swish it around in your mouth for 30 seconds before spitting it out.

• Keep your nose and sinuses clean.

• Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily to keep your mouth moist and to help rinse away odour-forming bacteria.

• Decrease alcohol and coffee intake.

• Natural bad breath remedies include chewing on mint or parsley.

• Have regular dental checkups.

• Make an appointment to see an ear, nose, and throat specialist (otolaryngologist) if you have frequent problems with mouth odor.

• Use a tongue scraper to help remove bacterial plaque and shed dead cells and food debris from the surface of the tongue.

Medical Treatment

• Specific medical treatment to cure bad breath depends upon the cause.

• In patients who suffer from dry mouth (xerostomia), artificial saliva may be prescribed by a dentist.

• Dentists can also prescribe special toothpaste and mouthwash that can improve the symptoms of bad breath.

Follow-Up

• Follow all instructions provided by the dental or medical professional, and use any prescribed mouthwash or toothpaste as directed.

• If the patient’s dentist determines that the bad breath odor is not of oral origin, the patient may be referred to a physician.

• If the odor is due to gum disease, the dentist may refer the patient to a periodontist, who specializes in treating gum conditions.

Prevention: Good oral care, regular dental visits, tobacco cessation, and avoiding certain foods can prevent most cases of bad breath.

Outlook: Bad breath is usually more of a nuisance rather than a serious medical condition. Most individuals with bad breath can treat and eliminate the condition on their own. Additionally, dentists and physicians can help with cases of chronic bad breath.

20 | ISH LINK | January 2014

News from ISH COM-DEALL Unit

Awards & Recognitions

The COM-DEALL unit at the institute began in June, 2013 with 10 children for this year. Children have completed one term in December 2013. Ms. Alphonsa Joseph (Head - Psychology Unit & DEALL in charge) and Ms. Sushma M.R. (Developmental Therapist - DEALL) attended several training programs conducted by the COM-DEALL Head Office, Bangalore. They attended a two day workshop titled “counselling: an effective tool for therapists” on 31st May and 1st of June, 2013 at the COMDEALL Head office.

Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh, Associate Professor received the prestigious and popular Prof. Rais Ahmed Memorial Lecture Award-2013 by the Acoustical Society of India at the Annual Conference of the Society of India titled “Acoustics 2013 - Technologies for a Quieter India” organized jointly this year by the Acoustical Society of India (ASI), and the French Acoustical Society (SFA) at CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi from 10th-15th November, 2013. Dr. Lakshmi Venkatesh delivered a lecture titled “Acousticperceptual Analysis of Children’s Speech: Insights from Lexical Stress Contrasts” in the session chaired by Dr. S.R. Savithri, Director, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing Mysore at the conference.

Ms. Alphonsa Joseph and Ms. Sushma M.R. also participated in the COM-DEALL Internal National Meet - held at Goa on 16th and 17th August, 2013. Ms. Sushma M.R. attended an orientation titled ‘Introduction to and practical suggestions for Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD), Sensory Issues and Social Communication Disorders in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders’ on 14th September, 2013, at COMDEALL Head Office, Bangalore. Ms. Reeta Jaya Philip, joined the DEALL team as speech therapist in September, 2013. Mr. Aychut Bhandari, joined the DEALL team as Physiotherapist in November 2013.

Upcoming Seminar on Reading and Writing Problems in children and its Remediation from 23rd-24th January, 2014 We are glad to inform you that Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore is organizing a 3 day National Seminar on Reading and Writing Problems in children and its Remediation from 23rd-24th January, 2014.

The objective of this seminar is not only to focus on disordered and disabled children but also on children who have not developed or show difficulties in reading and writing skills for reasons other than disability like illiteracy of parents, lack of stimulation at home, lack of time given to child by working parents motivation and attention problems in children leading to scholastic backwardness.

Several experts from the area of Psychology, General and special Education, Speech and language pathology and others working in the area have accepted to participate and share their experience through resource lectures and demo’s in the seminar.

A delegation fee of Rs.900/- for students and Rs.1200/- for Staff and professionals become payable. Interested participants should register on or before 27th January, 2014 by writing to Alphonsa Joseph, HOD, Psychology, (Ph: 098868 70560) and sending the registration amount in advance, payable to Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore.

Two scientific papers presented by students and staff of the institute won best paper awards at the National Women’s Science Congress organized by Matru Vedike (Women Scientists Forum) Swadeshi Vijnana AndolanaKarnataka (The Karnataka Unit of Vijnana Bharati) at Laxmi Venkatesh Desai College, Raichur from 7th to 9th November, 2013. These included the paper titled “Code switching and code mixing as an intervention strategy in multilingual aphasic: A case study” authored by Ms. Sharon George and Dr. B.S. Premalatha and the paper titled “Effect of verbal working memory in young and elderly” authored by Ms. Swetha Grandhi, Ms. Sujatha Shankar, Ms. Anjali Maratt, Ms. Charlotte Louieza D’Souza and Ms. Sanakki Jemima Daniel.

Welcome to the Team & Farewell

We are happy to welcome the several members into our team this academic year.

Mr. Rinnu Joseph Chacko and Ms. Reeta Jaya Philip joined as clinical supervisors in the department of speech language studies in September, 2013. Ms. Radhika joined the department of hearing studies as clinical supervisor in September. Ms. Sindhu joined as lecturer in department of Speech Language studies in October 2013. Mr. Aychut Bhandari joined the DEALL team as Physiotherapist in November 2013.

Mr. Nidhin Kurian who joined us in September, 2013 as Clinical Supervisor had to leave in November 2013 due to personal reasons. We wish him all the best in his future endeavours.

We also wish the very best to Mrs. Aparna V.S. and Mr. S. Phanedhar Reddy working as clinical supervisors in department of speech language studies who resigned from their positions at the Institute in September 2013.

Presentation of donation cheque of Rs.5,00,013/by Sri Pathi Sridhara & Sri Suresh S. Pathi

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Clinical Activities (July - December 2013) Department of Speech Language Studies

Speech Diagnostic Unit: Number of clients seen for assessment Type of Clients Infant Children Adult Geriatric Total

July 11 131 19 3 164

August 3 107 27 2 139

September 16 82 16 2 116

October 15 101 15 4 135

November 8 82 21 7 118

December 14 105 17 6 142

Total 67 608 115 24 814

Speech Therapy Unit: Number of clients and sessions for therapy Types of Client

July

August

September

October

November

December

Total

Infant

Children

Adult

Geriatric

Total

No of Clients No of Sessions No of Clients No of Sessions No of Clients No of Sessions No of Clients No of Sessions No of Clients No of Sessions

1 2 280 866 32 135 313 993

6 20 288 944 27 86 321 1050

7 34 226 771 44 109 2 10 279 924

6 20 264 745 27 89 3 15 300 869

151 465 24 85 4 17 179 567

198 653 34 123 7 33 239 809

20 76 1407 4434 188 627 16 75 1631 5212

Types of Clients

July

Psychology Unit: Number of clients seen for assessment August

September

October

November

December

Total

Children

78

55

32

39

35

38

277

Adolescent Adult Total

06 04 88

04 01 60

04 36

06 45

03 38

02 40

25 05 307

Types of Clients Cognitive Developmental Behavior Therapy (5 days a week, 2 hours) Learning Disability Intervention (5 days - 1 hour)

July

Psychology Unit: Number of clients seen for therapy August September October November

December

Total

28

06

06

06

04

04

54

25

23

28

28

12

17

133

December 68 171 155 116 510

Total 366 956 837 646 2805

Department of Hearing Studies: Number of clients seen for Assessment Type of Clients Infant Children Adult Geriatric Total

July 62 179 180 154 575

August 61 199 134 96 490

September 35 167 119 86 407

October 44 139 112 92 387

November 96 101 137 102 436

Auditory Verbal Therapy Unit: Number of clients and sessions for therapy Types of Client

July

August

September

October

November

December

Infant

No of Clients

14

8

12

9

14

8

No of Sessions

100

57

194

26

52

24

Children

No of Clients

15

22

16

24

21

24

146

210

120

130

No of Sessions

95

116

Adult

No of Clients

-

-

-

-

No of Sessions

-

-

-

-

Total

No of Clients

No of Sessions

29

195

30

138

28

340

22 | ISH LINK | January 2014

33

236

35

172

32

154

Total 65

453

122

817

187

1235

Out-reach & Extension Program

Our Outreach Center continues to function actively at Primary Health Centre, Lions Club-North Bangalore, Siroor Park Road, Sheshadripuram on two days in the week (Wednesday and Friday). Clients are undertaking regular speech therapy sessions at the center. For further information on therapy appointment please contact Ms. Prema Kumari C.B. at 98866 99404.

Several screening camps were conducted in schools over the last six months. Following are the details.

Camp Statistics from June 2013 to December 2013 Sl. No

Month/ year

School Name

Days

No. Screened

Normal

Speech

Audio

ENT

Psycho

1

Aug.-Sept.

2013

B M English High School

6

294

20

35

6

185

15

2

Aug. 2013

Vidyanikethan School Domlur

1

123

52

5

1

52

2

3

Sep. 2013

Garment factory, Bangarpet

1

54

2

8

50

45

5

4

Sep. 2013

Divyashanthi High School, Lingarajapuram

4

225

57

30

6

140

23

Oct. 2013

Shankar Eye Hospital, Manashanthi Trust, Kundanahalli

2

67

33

14

16

21

3

6

Nov. 2013

Hubli Rotary Club KIMS Hospital Neonatal Hearing Screening

1

67

36

-

31

-

-

7

Nov. 2013

K R Puram Vidhya Bharathi Govt.

School

1

56

10

8

2

42

2

Dec. 2013

Speech and Hearing Stall in Kanteerava Stadium (World Disabled Day)

1

37

6

10

8

-

-

5

8

Outreach centre Therapy unit at Shesadripuram

Patients who are feeling difficulty to reach this institute for therapy, those can avail therapy nearby their places, such facility available at Shesadripuram Primary Health Centre, Siroor Park Road near Nataraja Theatre, Central Bus stop. At present 5 regular cases are undergoing therapy for different disorders. The details for this unit can be availed by calling institute phone numbers - 08025460405/25470037.

Neonatal Hearing Screening Program

The Department of Hearing Studies is proud to inform that it began the neo natal hearing screening program at the Vani Vilas Hospital, Bangalore from August, 2013. We continue to conduct the screening program at the CSI Hospital, Bangalore.

23 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Reaching Out to Needy

Snapshots of Speech & Hearing Camps conducted by the Institute

24 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Recognition of a Relentless Commitment: Institute’s Chairman, Sri M.S. Venkatesh being felicitated by well wishers & friends on receiving the prestigious Nada Prabhu Kempegowda Award from BBMP

Receiving Parampara Award from Parampara Charitable Trust

25 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Kannada Rajyothsava Celebrations

Rajyothsava Celebrations

Kannadigara Sneha Koota 26 | ISH LINK | January 2014

27 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Sign Language Cell

From Visitors Book

The Sign Language Cell provides sign language training to any hearing individual and individual with hearing impairment who approach the cell eagerly to learn this unique language of the Hearing Impaired.

October 10th, 2013 I have been fortunate to be associated with this Institute from the year 1980, because of its Late Chairman & Director Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar.

I am a Trustee during 1980-1995.

Today I have come as a Patient and have found that the great institution has really grown into a full fledged Hospital, College and School. The staffs are dedicated, well trained and helpful. I would like to be one again associated with this great Institution. I thank all members of the staff and its Principal Dr. Madhuri Gore for all their help.

With warm regards and best wishes.

Mohommed Rashid 701, Delphi II, Prestige Acropolis, 20, Hosur Road, Bangalore-29

The Sign Language Cell conducted functional sign language course for the staff of several organizations.

This has been a hectic quarter for sign language training as the organizations wanted the classes to be conducted in their places.

A. For Christoffel Blinden Mission (CBM), we have already trained 21 employees in two batches and need to train the 3rd batch of their staff, which includes persons with visual impairment. Mrs. Margret Joseph has taken on this challenging task of training individuals with visual impairment using the kinesthetic approach.

B. Association for Persons with Disability (APD) had their sign language training for 12 staff of Horticulture Centre at Jeevan Bhima Nagar, Bangalore.

C. We have started sign language training for the staff of Lemon Tree Hostels, Bangalore starting from 21st December at three centers in Bangalore.

Individual training of interpreter level ‘A’ sign language course was imparted to eight students. Most of them were employees of software companies, hence weekend classes on Saturdays for longer hours in the morning are being held. Functional sign language course was conducted to six individuals of whom two were Hearing Impaired.

The renowned Malayalam cinema actor Mr. Mamooty also learnt signing from the Sign Language Cell for his four sentence dialogue for an advertisement of South Indian Bank’s customer care. His opinion on sign language which he has expressed in two sentences is very touching.

During mid-July staff of sign language cell were invited to audit a special school for Hearing Impaired run by the Red Cross Society at Coimbatore. It was a three day visit. Both the academics & administrative departments of the school were audited.

From July to December, 2013, the cell was involved in interpretation for five police and court cases.

Presently sign language cell is guiding & interpreting for a victim who has hearing impairment – and was assaulted by his brothers-in-law for having supported the wife in a property litigation.

They are four sisters with hearing impairment who were denied of their father’s property.

November 21st, 2013 It was a wonderful day when the inauguration of the new block for class rooms and multipurpose hall took place at the hands of Sri George, Hon’ble Minister incharge of Home, Govt. of Karnataka in the presence of Sri Mohan, Hon’ble Member of Parliament and other dignitaries.

The building has come up well with a good ambience; lot of efforts has gone into the building of such beautiful space. Besides, financial support, lot of love and good wishes have gone into the building efforts.

My best wishes on behalf of Karur Vysya Bank and appreciate the service done to the society to the persons who need support in the area of speech and hearing.

Mr. N.S. Srinath, Director, Karur Vysya Bank November 21st, 2013 The Lakshmi Vilas Bank is delighted to place on record its greatest appreciation for the excellent work being carried out by the Institute and take pride that its contribution to the Institute has been put to use to help differently abled children and people of the society and hope in the years to come this institute grows leaps and bounds and serve humanity in a very big way and pray Almighty that this Institute is conferred with many more National and International Awards to stimulate and encourage the staff and others to continue to serve the society.

Dr. P.A. Shankar, Director, Laksmi Vilas Bank #1275, 24th Cross, 25th Main, BSK II Stage, Bangalore 560 070 November 21st, 2013 Great expansion work has taken place. The Institute is growing by leaps and bounds. It is doing great work for the hearing and speech impaired to bring into the mainstream of the society.

It is a great thing to feed a person but a greater thing to teach and enable a person to feed himself and also if possible to feed others too.

Great work once again and wish you all the best in future.

We pledge to be with you in your service to mankind in future.

Mr. B. Krishna, Managing Trustee, Janmabhoomi Press Trust, 138, 1st Block, 5th Cross, 10th A Main, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 011

Mrs. Margret Joseph, the coordinator of sign language cell was invited to the Vagdevi School for children for Hearing Impairment at Giri Nagar on 29th November, 2013 where she delivered a lecture titled “speech language, sign language, oral language for the B.Ed. students of a government sponsored programme.

28 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Mr. Mamooty, Legendary Malayalam Actor

Facilities

Available at the Institute Department of Hearing Science

Audiometry: measurement of hearing/measuring sensitivity of hearing Hearing Aid (HA) prescription and Fitting: relates to trial and selection of a hearing aid suitable to the individuals nature and degree of hearing loss and comfort level.

Custom Ear Mould Making: devices, which couple the hearing aids to the ear and are made to fit in the individuals ear.

Hearing Aid Repair and Service: any problems in the working of the hearing aid can be repaired or worn out parts replaced.

A hearing aid can also be periodically checked to see if it is functioning properly.

Auditory Verbal Therapy: is a specialized type of therapy designed to teach a child to use the hearing provided by a hearing aid or a cochlear implant for understanding speech and learning to talk.

Post cochlear Implant rehabilitation: Rehabilitation for children post cochlear implantation is an accepted part of the implant process. A young child with a cochlear implant and her family require a comprehensive habilitation program to help her utilize the auditory signal and to naturally integrate the various components of communication including listening, speech, language, reading and thinking.

Mapping for Cochlear Implant: refers to the setting of the electrical stimulation limits necessary for the cochlear implant user to “hear” soft and comfortably loud sound. Since the Cochlear Implant can only process sounds in a very narrow range (6-15 dB), it must be able to compress the natural range of sounds (normal speech is usually between 40-60 dB) into this small band.

Noise Measurement: measuring the noise levels in industries and public areas and ascertain that it is within permissible limits and not a hazard to the hearing sensivities of the people in the environment.

Department of Speech Science

Misarticulation: is a speech defect in which an individual substitute, omit, add or distort the speech sounds as result make the speech unintelligible.

Stuttering: Stuttering is a speech disorder in which sounds, syllables, or words are repeated or prolonged, disrupting the normal flow of speech. These speech disruptions may be accompanied by struggling behaviors, such as rapid eye blinks or tremors of the lips. Stuttering can make it difficult to communicate with other people, which often affects a person’s quality of life.

Cleft lip and Palate: refers to wherein a child is born with a split or separation in the lips or roof of the mouth.

Cerebral Palsy (CP): is a term used to describe a non progressive group of disorders affecting body movement and muscle coordination due to an insult to or anomaly of the developing brain.

Autism: is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior and manifests within the first two years of life.

Aphasia: is the impairment of language function which results from strokes and other injuries to the language areas of the brain.

Dysarthria: is an acquired speech problem caused by paralysis, weakness, or inability to coordinate the muscles of the mouth.

Learning Disability: as aneurological, condition that prevents a person from learning or severely impairs the learning process in one or more academic areas, despite his having average or higher intelligence.

Laryngectomy: is a procedure that involves removing part or all of the voice box usually as a result of a cancerous tumour in the larynx resulting in loss of voice and requiring to learn new methods of speaking.

Dysphagia: is a medical condition that causes a person to have problems swallowing.

Psychology Unit

IQ Assessment: intelligent quotient (IQ) or IQ tests are intended to measure aptitude and intellectual capacities and provide and estimate of a individuals mental abilities.

Intelligence Tests: are tests of general intellectual abilities.

They measure not only a single trait but also a range of abilities including memory, verbal ability, reasoning skills and numerical ability.

Personality test: aims to describe aspects of a person’s character that remain stable throughout that person’s lifetime, the individual’s character pattern of behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

Behavior modification: is a treatment approach, based on the principles of operant conditioning, that replaces undesirable behaviors with more desirable ones through positive or negative reinforcement.

Psycho-educational Assessment: evaluates an individuals psychological and academic issues and spells out the needs for special education placement and services required for effective remediation of the child.

Voice clinic: provides services in the diagnosis and management of disorders that affect the voice.

Endostroboscopy: It is a quick effective procedure to study the structure and functions of the vocal folds.

ENT valuation: Routine evaluation of ear, nose and throat are available from an ENT consultant.

School Screening: Service offered to schools for identification of speech, hearing and learning problems in children.

Rural screening Camps: Service offered to any health centre, institution, organisation or industry or companies to identify people’s (adults and children) abilities in speech and hearing.

Sunaad School for Hearing Impaired: Provides primary and middle school education in Kannada and English medium for hearing impaired children.

Sign Language Training: Equips individuals with basic skills necessary to communicate with individuals with hearing impairment and become professional interpreters for them through short term and diploma level recognized courses in Indian Sign language.

National Open School (NIOS): Institute provides coaching and training for individuals appearing for examinations conducted

by NIOS. Mothers Training Centre: provides early and intensive intervention for young children with hearing impairment and provides training for their parents.

Placement Cell: for adult deaf.

29 | ISH LINK | January 2014

Media Remembers

30 | ISH LINK | January 2014

This issue is sponsored by

The Bachelor & Master Courses are Affiliated to Bangalore University & Recognised by Rehabilitation Council of India. Separate Hostel accommodation is available for Boys & Girls.

Opt for Rewarding, Job Guaranteed and Career Oriented Professional Courses :

B.Ed. Special Education (Hearing Impairment)

BSLPA - Bachelor in Speech Language Pathology and Audiology

MASLP - Master in Audiology & Speech Language Pathology

M.Sc. (Audiology) Master in Audiology

M.Sc. (SLP) Master in Speech -

Language Pathology

Ph.D. in Speech & Hearing D.Ed.SE (HI) - Diploma in

Special Education (Hearing Impaired) On Completing the afore mentioned professional courses, one can find a rewarding job at : • Hospitals • Special Schools • Industries • Speech & Hearing Institutes / Colleges • Independent Practice • Hearing Instrument Manufacturing Industry • NGOs working with the Rehabilitation Centres 70+% of our Students, after PG Course, take up jobs abroad within one year of completion of course

Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing (Aided by Lions Club of Bangalore East) NAAC Accredited Institutions Registered with Registrar of Newspapers for India - Registration No. KARENG/2010/33838 Hennur Road, Lingarajapuram, Bangalore 560 084 • Ph: 080-2547 0037 & 2546 8470 • Fax : 080-2546 7829 • E-mail: dr.srcish@gmail.com, ishroot@gmail.com

www.speechear.org

• Edited by: Dr. M.N. Nagaraja • Published by: M.S. Venkatesh for and on behalf of Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech & Hearing • Designed @ Canvas, Bangalore • Printed at: Omkar Offset Printers, Bangalore 560 002