Near Goverdhan sagar pal side(Eastern shore of lake

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETRS FOR GOVERDHAN SAGAR LAKE OF UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN

Hardik Vashishtha1 , Himanshu Kumar Sadhya2 , Dr. Esar Ahmad3

1Postgraduate Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Mewar University, Rajasthan, India -312901 2,3Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Mewar University, Rajasthan, India -312901 --------------------------------------------------------------------*** ---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - The current research work was conducted to find sewerage, while untreated sewerage flowing into water out the water quality status of Goverdhan Sagar Lake of bodies including rivers have almost doubled in recent years. Udaipur (Rajasthan). An attempt has been made to assess the Inadequate sanitation facilities and waste water policy current physico-chemical and biological status of the lake. The framework are primary reason responsible for the physico-chemical and biological parameters of the lake have groundwater and surface water pollution in the country been studied at three locations for a period of six months from (Dey,2015). October’19 to March’20 and June’20. Physico-chemical Aquatic life depends on the Physico-chemical and parameters of lake were found to be moderate throughout the Biological characteristics of water and Industrialization, study period as compared to the Drinking water standards. urbanization and discharge from human activities can The average water quality parameters of the lake during the produce undesirable change in Physico-chemical and study period were found to be, Temperature 28.6 0C, Colour Biological characteristics of water. As Udaipur is blessed and odour disagreeable, pH 9.0, EC 735 ppm, BOD 3.8 ppm, with the good number of lakes and it is also known as ‘The COD 42.3 ppm, DO 5.3 ppm, nitrogen content 7.1 ppm, city of lake’. Every year numbers of tourist come from all Alkalinity 245.9 ppm, Total hardness 30.9 ppm, Calcium around the world to visit Udaipur city and the lakes of hardness 7.9 ppm, Magnesium hardness 23.0 ppm, Chloride Udaipur are the major source of drinking water. Therefore,it content 161.7 ppm, Fluoride content 0.5 ppm, MPN coliform is importanttoasses and monitorsthe water qualityof the 350 MPN/100ml. lakesand its significant valuesprovided information about Key Words: Goverdhan Sagar Lake, Water Quality,Pollution, the problems related with public health. Physico-Chemical Parameters, Biological Status The objective of present paper is to investigate the 1. INTRODUCTION: Goverdhan Sagar Lake. Scope of this study is to check the compliance of selected parameters withthe permissible limit

Wateris found everywhere on Earth, from the polar ice recommended under various standards. caps to steamy geysers and wherever water flows on this 2. METHODOLOGY: planet, you can be sure to find life. Human realised that water is essential for the survival and hence early civilizations started near great rivers –e.g. Tigris and 2.1 Study Area: Euphrates in Mesopotamia, Nile in Egypt, Indus in India and Goverdhan Sagar Lakeis located 2.5 km away from the southHuang ho in China (Bairwa, 2008). Our earth surface has west of Udaipur at 74042’ E Longitude and24034’ N latitude. 71% of water and 29% land. Out of total water on earth It has an overall length of 1.97 km, covering a total water 96.5% is in ocean which is salty and notuseful for drinking, spread area of 30.81 hectares. The lake is rain-fed and growing crops. Only 2.5% water is fresh water in which nearly 70% locked up in ice and rest is in the ground. Only 1.3 % fresh water is present on surface, mostly in lakeand about 1% is salty water is in ground(Shiklomanov, 1993). receives water from Pichhola Lake via the connecting canal. The catchment area is approximately 2.56 square meters. The capacity at maximum lake level is 9 million cubic metres. The deeper position of the lake lies towards the north-east which has a steep slope, while the field and farmland lie towards the India accounts for about 2.45 percent of world’s surface south-west(Mehta, 2009). area, 4 percent of the world’s water resources and about 16 percent of world’s population. The total water available from The details of morphometric features of the Goverdhan Sagar Lakeare given in Table-1. precipitation in the country in a year is about 4000 cubic km. The availability from surface water and replenishable Table -1: Morphomitric features of Goverdhan Sagar Lake groundwater is 1,869 cubic km. Out of this only 60 percent can be put to beneficial uses. Thus, the total utilisable water Latitude 24°32’N resources in country are only 1,122 cubic km. Longitude 73°41’E

Central Pollution Control Board of India estimates that 75-80% ofwater pollutionby volume is from domestic Physico-Chemical and Biological parameters of water for

Altitude 582 m (MSL)