Understanding And Navigating Seasonal Affective Disorder

By DENIS JUSTICE

Rural Community Health Worker, IRD Duhallow

As the leaves start to turn and the days grow shorter, a significant number of people begin to feel the onset of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a type of depression linked closely to the change in seasons. Often kicking in during the fall and stretching through the cold grip of winter, SAD typically recedes with the arrival of spring and the warmth of summer. Dubbed informally as “winter blues,” this condition goes far beyond mere seasonal funk, affecting mood, sapping energy, and hampering everyday functioning.

The precise causes of SAD remain a subject of research but include a mix of factors. These range from imbalances in serotonin, a neurotransmitter that influences mood, to the overproduction of melatonin impacting sleep and mood. Reduced sunlight during winter months can disrupt internal biological clocks or circadian rhythms, adversely affecting sleep patterns and overall mood. Additionally, a vitamin D deficiency, stemming from reduced sunlight exposure, might worsen existing mood disorders.

Those grappling with SAD often face symptoms strikingly like major depression, marked by a persistent low mood, an aversion to activities once found enjoyable, and shifts in appetite or weight. Sleep is often disrupted; some feel agitated or unusually lethargic, and there’s a noticeable drop in energy levels. This troubling mix includes feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, concentration difficulties, and disturbingly, frequent thoughts of death or suicide.

The manifestation of SAD can vary depending on the time of year. In its winter-pattern, it’s common to experience oversleeping, overeating, weight gain, and a desire to withdraw socially or “hibernate.” Conversely, summerpattern SAD typically involves sleep troubles like insomnia, a poor appetite leading to weight loss, restlessness, agitation, anxiety, and even episodes of violent behaviour.

Given the complexities and variations in SAD symptoms and responses to treatment, a personalised approach, discussed with your GP, remains the most prudent path for those seeking relief from the oppressive shadows of this seasonal affliction.

In cases of severe distress or suicidal thoughts, reaching out immediately for help is crucial, the first step is to visit your GP who will be able to guide you on a range of helpful options available. If in distress or outside of office hours, you can contact your local A & E department.

Supports:

24 hours a day for confidential, nonjudgmental support.

· Freephone 116 123

· Email jo@samaritans.ie

· Visit www.samaritans.ie

Pieta provide a range of suicide and self-harm prevention services.

· Freephone 1800 247 247 anytime day or night

· Text HELP to 51444 (standard message rates apply)

· Visit www.pieta.ie