Mechanisms of Action of therapies used to treat COVID-19! [ENG]

PHARMANEWS PARO PRESENTS

Mechanism of action of Pharmacotherapies used against COVID-19 Find out about the new discoveries!

PHARMANEWS PARO #7

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF PHARMACOTHERAPIES USED AGAINST COVID-19 KEYWORDS: PHARMACOTHERAPY, COVID-19, ANTIVIRAL, PHARMACY, DRUGS

INTRODUCTION The

new

disease

pathologies virulent

COVID

such

as

pneumonia

respiratory declared

distress

the

pandemic

public

on

19

has

life-threatening

and

also

syndrome. health

March

caused

12,

severe

The

WHO

emergency 2020.

as

In

a

this

review we will observe the different drugs that

are

recommended

the

WHO

although against

to the

the

new discoveries.

authorized

different

have

COVID-19,

and

positive, so

we

must

by

countries, effective wait

for

PHARMANEWS PARO #7

DRUGS USED AGAINST COVID-19 Chloroquine: Its main action is to increase the endosomal pH and it also interferes with the

glycosylation

of

the

virus's

cellular

receptors, which is why it can be said to block viral infection. It should be noted that it also achieves

the

inhibition

of

cathepsins

that

causes the formation of autophagosome that damages the protein at the tip of the virus. It has also shown a potential inhibitor of MAP kinase, so it interferes with crosstalk SARS-

Figure 1: mechanisms of action of the different drugs against COVID-19.

CoV-2 molecules, in addition to altering the virion assembly and the proteolytic processes

Lopinavir-ritonavir: Its mechanism of action

of the M protein.

is to cut or divide the protein replicase into Hydroxychloroquine: This drug has the same

functional units by virus-encoded proteinases,

chemical structure as chloroquine, except that

which

hydroxychloroquine contains a hydroxy group.

inhibition combinations.

are

inhibited

by

these

protease

An advantage of hydroxychloroquine is that it has a broader and safer therapeutic index and

Convalescent

plasma:

There

are

positive

safety profile than chloroquine, in addition to

reports such as the case of some patients who

being more potent therapeutically speaking.

administered and obtained a decrease in the nasopharyngeal viral load, as well as there was

Remdesivir:

This

drug

inhibits

viral

a decrease in the disease severity score and

replication through premature termination of

oxygenation

viral RNA transcription. It can also inhibit the

transfusion.

improved

12

days

after

the

replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cell.

Drugs

that

act

against

proinflammatory

factors Interleukin 1: These can inhibit the action of interleukin 1, therefore leading to an inhibition of the cytokine storm, this storm is what

produces

reactions

that

many

produce

proinflammatory one

of

the

most

common reasons for death on COVID-19. One of the most popular drugs is Anakinra.

All credits of scientific information are for the authors of the scientific article creation!

Scientific information reference: Salvi,

R.,

&

Patankar,

P.

(2020). Emerging

pharmacotherapies

for

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 110267. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110267

COVID-19.

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