MAY 2023 - International Petfood magazine

May 2023

A healthy gut feeling - Automatic drum emptier - Aquatic Turtles - Environment & Cats www.internationalpetfood.com www.perendale.com

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Perendale Publishers Ltd 7 St George’s Terrace St James’ Square, Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 1242 267700 Publisher Roger Gilbert rogerg@perendale.co.uk Managing Editor Joy Nelloolichalil joyn@perendale.co.uk Technical Editor Joe Kearns joek@perendale.com Nutrition Editor Prof Simon Davies simond@perendale.co.uk

April 2023

Editorial team Shannon Parsons shannonp@perendale.co.uk Niamh Cassidy niamhc@perendale.co.uk

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REGULAR ITEMS 10 Industry News 24 Training

25 Troubleshooting

26 Production focus 28 Industry Profiles

30 Industry Events

41 The Market Place

42 The Interview

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India Marketing Team Dr T.D. Babu +91 9884114721 tdbabu@aquafeed.org Asia Marketing Team Dante Feng Tel: +886 0227930286 dantef@perendale.com Nigeria Marketing Team Nathan Nwosu Tel: +234 8132 478092 nathann@perendale.com Design Manager James Taylor jamest@perendale.co.uk Production Assistant Cristina María Roldán Otero Tel: +44 1242 267700 cristinaot@perendale.co.uk Circulation & Events Manager Tuti Tan Tel: +44 1242 267706 tutit@perendale.co.uk Development Manager Antoine Tanguy antoinet@perendale.co.uk International Petfood - Volume 5 - Issue 5 ©Copyright 2022 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com ISSN 2754-4680

www.internationalpetfood.com

COLUMNS 7

6 Roger Gilbert Joseph P Kearns

8 Professor Simon Davies

9 The PetFood Journal

FEATURES 14 A healthy gut feeling 18 Automatic drum emptier 20 Aquatic Turtles 22 Environment & Cats

THE PUBLISHER Happiness is a frame of mind …

drum emptier for the production line before we look at the nutritional needs of pet aquatic turtles.

Striving to be ‘happy’ is not necessarily a state Rounding up the feature section is a report on of mind we need to permanently be trying to what's in a climate-friendly cat food. We also have achieve. Often ‘happiness’ is an illusion and yet our regular Production Focus reports which looks we can clearly see it in others – which may be an at new equipment and processes available before illusion or our interpretation of how others might we turn our attention to aquatic issues again with be feeling. a report on the Aquafeed Extrusion Conference When it comes to our pets, do we consider them Roger Gilbert Publisher – International Petfood held in Bangkok in March as part of the VIV to be ‘happy’. It’s my view that they are more likely Asia 2023 event. This was an intensive workshop to be exhibiting signs of contentment rather than that highlighted all areas of aquafeed production, and as I’ve ‘happiness.’ That is how I interpret the picture of a pet on our front explained below there is great synergy between pet and aquafeed cover and reflected on our contents page - a very contented dog! production processes especially where extrusion technology is What contributes greatly to this aura of ‘contentment’ is being used. the freedom within the space an animal can move about, the Following our comprehensive event’s section you’ll find an recognition of its place and status within its environment and interview with Betsy Flores the senior vice-president of public most importantly the food - and in particular the impact of the policy at the Pet Food Institute in the USA who talks about pet nutrition within its rations – that it has access to. The latter is health in transitional countries. critically important in not only maintaining a level of satisfaction through the consumption of food, but also the nutritional contents of that food, which provides the protein and energy needed for Assisting petfood manufacturers it to function while at the same time addressing health and wellTalking of assisting petfood producers further, we are hosting being issues. a Pet-Aqua Conference in early October in São Paulo, Brazil. It Petfood manufacturers play an important role in ensuring pet will be held over two mornings prior to the commencement of the owners have ‘contented’ (and possibly happy) animals. Our Victam Latam 2023 Exposition event. magazine undertakes an important task in keeping petfood It’s the first time Victam is hosting an expo in Brazil and we producers informed of topics and issues that ultimately impact a have taken the opportunity to offer a unique opportunity for both pet’s attitude and relationship with its owner. petfood producers and aquafeed manufacturers a conference Not only do manufacturers formulate diets correctly but ensuring that assist them in their daily tasks. Both petfood and aquafeed those formulations are processed correctly and retain the nutritional manufacturers can attend the same event that not only looks in detail balances of amino acids, energy and minerals and vitamins in the at production processes but nutritional and dietary issues as well. final food being offered to our pets is all important.

Why should we be holding a conference for both sectors It might be difficult to understand how a conveying system together, you may be asking? or a grinding or mixing process can impact the quality of the Well, in both the production of petfood and aquafeeds the final product, but it can and care and attention must be applied processes can be very similar, particularly when extrusion throughout the production process to ensure this happens. technology is in use.

This magazine is here to help inform and guide petfood However, this is not just about the extrusion process itself but manufactures in all regions of the world - through both our the steps that need to be taken in the production pre- and postEnglish and Spanish monthly versions of the magazine – through extrusion (and/or pelleting). this complex process of producing functional foods and rations The Conference will be in two half-day sessions on October for all types and species of pet.

3-4 (08:30-12:30 each day). You will hear from industry experts In this edition of International Petfood we feature our two about aquaculture feed and petfood production. editors Professor Simon Davies and Joe Kearns. Professor Davies To view the programme outline please go to this website (at: looks at the ‘Poser of Zinc' in dog and cat diets while Mr Kearns https://adobe.ly/3HhGcDE. explores energy efficiencies. Mr Kearns also provides his regular To register directly please go here: bit.ly/40HHP4C. The cost to Trouble Shooting section in which he makes a case for dry attend is US$99 for the two sessions. extruded petfoods for dogs.

I hope to see as many of you as possible at this event. We are Following our news section, we have a feature on how to planning to host it in English with simultaneous translation into help ensure a healthy gut which addresses animal welfare and Spanish and Portuguese. performance issues. That is followed by a report on an automated Enjoy this edition!

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THE EDITOR differential diameter counter rotating variable A number of topics for this month are speed and now double shafted differential energy efficiency in petfood production, diameter with rotation and speed change starch gelatinisation, preconditioning and abilities. What drove the changes in these in general aquarium feeds. Discussion cases. Mainly how much liquids were hoped below can be considered for both extrusion to be added and have a flowable product of pet and aqua products. so as to not jam up the downspout due to Energy efficiencies are improving in the Joseph P Kearns stickiness between the cylinder and extruder. various areas of a plant and each area more Editor, International Petfood Magazine Retention time was a big factor. Singles about than likely has different requirements.

15 to 30 seconds, doubles about 60 seconds and then the What might assist in understanding this is every motor differential diameter versions which took it up into the 240 has a required duty factor, power, speed/range and torque second range maximum. At preconditioning temperatures requirement to achieve the desired requirement. Doing the intended job with the lowest energy cost over time can greatly and times lysine can be deteriorated if over 240 seconds retention. Traditionally, the old artist operators who had no save on electrical costs. The best bet for this discussion is to idea of exactly what was being added into the cylinder felt ask questions on motor efficiencies for your calculations and the product in hand to see if it was too hot to hold and did project specifications. it kind of form a ball when squeezed. Adjustments made Starch gelatinisation, a topic for the ages, is one that was accordingly. Now numeric flow details or computer controls initially judged in non-scientific methods, in fact the first allow for a much more exacting repeatable method of control. test on this strange, expanded product from Sabetha Ks. In fact, it seems computer control would be mandatory simply At Kansas State univ. was 100 percent cooked method from the regulations required to meet FDA requirements, day unknown. Recalling back in the day when there was no real in and day out, how about minute by minute? Not just flow easy method to test cook and you had some tested by labs, rates and motor starting, we are talking about controlling in you reviewed the products accordingly and determined some line temperature, pressure with sensors, flow restriction and physical characteristics. Two quick alongside the extruder readings used to automatically change the conditions to meet tests were the kibble stretch test, good stretching of a caught the immediate results out of the extruder in terms of density kibble off the die showed good cook. A hand full thrown and moisture. Cameras can be used to verify appearance. in a bucket of water caught after the die would swell about It boils down to what are the possible losses by not having two times in diameter thus showing good cook. In today’s a computer control system. Hard to give an exact number as standards petfoods have become more complex and thus lab it can be calculated in each instance. For me it is obvious, I work is generally used in determining the degree of cook. used to stand there and watch the pile build up on the floor My preferred method was the glucose amylase method of until it was correct and off to the dryer via a belt conveyor or testing. It involved getting a sample and test for total starch air system. Hundreds of kilos if not tons and now you would and gelatinized starch with enzymes and a water bath. Prep be lucky to see 20 litres of waste on startup, same on shut a solution use a glucose analyser and the numbers are used down, the controlled system knows when the conditioning in the equation percent Gelatinized starch/Total Starch X cylinder has emptied and in essence runs until the last 100 is percent cook. Typical petfoods are in the 90 percent possible moment yielding good product. cook range based on this style test which is one of the Back to losses, loss of raw materials on startup shut down harder tests to get the desired results. Do a comparison on and costs associated with rework. Higher percentage of methods of cook comparison, there are differences. NIR quality product over time. More exacting moistures out of the is being developed to do on line or in line testing of starch extruder yields more exactly moistures out of a good dryer gelatinization, last search showed they are almost there with this being a predicable method of testing. This would be a big thus less shrinkage due to water loss. Quality products less possible returns. Exacting known amounts of energy used deal to be able to instantaneously reject non cooked kibble. in product produced. Lower manpower requirements. In Another point of view is that advanced computer control addition, many control system will inform you if the system is so exact that if you feed the system a raw mix which is is not ready to produce due specified line pressures etc. or if predictably reproduced over time and the operational specs a problem develops. Maintenance schedules with reminders are slaved to this formula as well as the physical changes, the and abilities to record data makes computers a real tool in a die, then the results should be predictable. Note over time modern 24 hour a day petfood facility. extruders wear and if operational specs are saved over their As mentioned above on less shrinkage, computer control lifetime and used accordingly the same product is produced and dryers and are in the top two of how to increase profits every time. Backed up with scheduled testing to verify in a petfood plant. Dryers can be computerised but if the results on cook to confirm. moisture variance is not up to standard then no point. Steady Preconditioning, the part of extrusion where the raw state on product in feed rate, air movement, temperatures materials get metered in to begin the process with this area and bed level are among the top topics when achieving the adding liquids so as to have a homogeneous mix going to standard of +/- 0.5 percent moisture variance. Lowering the the actual extruder barrel. Liquids include steam and water moisture shrinkage out of the dryer and for every 0.5 percent and liquid ingredient streams. It is amazing the designs reduced in a 60,000 tonnes per year plant is 300 tonnes of and styles over the years ending up with today’s styles. My additional water sold. What is 300 tonnes of finished product personal review, single shafted cylinders constant speed, worth? double shaft counter rotating constant speed, double shafted International Petfood - May 2023 | 7

Professor Simon Davies Nutrition Editor, International Petfood

The Power of Zinc in the nutrition of cats and dogs Zinc is an essential mineral for cats and dogs that plays a key role in many bodily functions. It is necessary for the proper functioning of the immune system, wound healing, taste, smell, and the synthesis of DNA and proteins. Zinc also helps with the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

In dogs and cats, zinc is absorbed from the small intestine and is transported to the liver, where it is stored. From the liver, zinc is released into the bloodstream as needed and is transported to various tissues and organs in the body. Zinc plays an important role in various biological processes in dogs and cats, including muscle, heart, and liver function.

In muscles, zinc is involved in the regulation of protein synthesis, which is essential for muscle growth and repair.

It also plays a role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, which are important sources of energy for muscle function.

In the heart, zinc is involved in the regulation of cardiac function and the maintenance of the structural integrity of cardiac cells. It also plays a role in the metabolism of fatty acids, which are an important energy source for the heart.

In the liver, zinc is involved in the metabolism of various nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

It is also essential for the synthesis of several enzymes involved in liver function, including those responsible for detoxification and the production of bile.

Overall, zinc is an important micronutrient for the optimal functioning of the muscles, heart, and liver in dogs and cats. Adequate intake of zinc through a balanced diet is important to maintain optimal health in these animals.

The body has a number of mechanisms in place to regulate zinc metabolism. For example, the absorption of zinc from the small intestine can be increased or decreased based on the body’s needs. In addition, the amount of zinc Factors that can affect zinc metabolism in dogs and cats include age, diet, and health status. For example, older animals may have decreased zinc absorption and increased zinc excretion, while animals with certain health conditions such as kidney disease may have abnormal zinc metabolism that is excreted in the urine and faeces can be regulated to

maintain optimal levels in the body.

Cats and dogs require a certain amount of zinc in their diet to maintain good health. Zinc deficiency can lead to a variety of health problems, including hair loss, skin lesions, poor appetite, and impaired immune function. On the other hand, too much zinc can be toxic and cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and other symptoms. It is important to maintain a proper balance of zinc in the diet to ensure optimal health.

There are several sources of zinc for cats and dogs, including meat, poultry, fish, and grains. Zinc can also be found in some vegetables, such as beans and peas.

Commercial pet food is often fortified with zinc to ensure that pets receive enough of this important mineral.

However, it is important to note that the bioavailability of zinc from plant sources may be lower than that from animal sources.

In addition to diet, certain medical conditions can affect zinc levels in cats and dogs. For example, cats with chronic kidney disease may have reduced zinc absorption, while dogs with pancreatitis may have increased zinc excretion.

In these cases, a veterinarian may recommend a zinc supplement to ensure that the pet is getting enough of this important mineral.

There are several signs that a cat or dog may be lacking in zinc. These include hair loss, dry and flaky skin, poor appetite, and decreased immune function. If you suspect that your pet is not getting enough zinc, it is important to consult a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

In conclusion, zinc is an essential mineral for cats and dogs that plays a key role in many bodily functions. It is important to ensure that pets receive enough zinc in their diet to maintain good health, and a veterinarian can help determine the appropriate amount of zinc for individual pets based on age, size, and medical history. It is important to ensure that dogs and cats are getting an adequate intake of zinc to support normal metabolism and overall health.

This can be achieved through a balanced diet that includes a variety of high-quality dog or cat food, as well as supplements if needed.

8 | May 2023 - International Petfood

The PetFood Journal

International Petfood - May 2023 | 9

2023

Petfood Journal is a new online publication by Perendale Publishers Ltd., United Kingdom with a distinguished track record of technical and trade magazines in the agricultural sciences. This new peer-reviewed scientific journal will serve academia and the commercial petfood industry with high quality papers relating to the science and technology of petfood development and production for the rapidly expanding companion animal sector. It is envisaged to address fundamental and applied nutritional research addressing requirements for advanced feed production manufacturing for dogs, cats and many other species such as guinea pigs, rabbits, rats and exotics e.g. reptiles, amphibia and fish (aquatics). The journal will embrace information on essential amino acids, proteins and energy sources as well as key vitamins and minerals pertaining to maintenance, growth, feed utilisation efficiency and health. A major area will be studies that focus on feed ingredient assessment and in particular those that are sustainable alternatives to traditional sources. Therefore investigations directed towards plant and next generation proteins like insect meal, algae and microbial sources would be desirable areas. Novel oils and lipids that provide essential fatty acids would be of considerable importance. Studies on functional ingredients affecting the health and immune function of pet animals are attractive. We would welcome papers researching the role of prebiotics, probiotics and phytobiotics on gut health, mucosal immunity and their interaction and modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Petfoods play a significant role in animal behaviour due to palatability and smell. Research on these interactions would be welcome and of interest to the scientific community and stakeholders.

Given the diversity of different types of commercial diets ranging from wet, canned and extruded dry diets as well as treats and speciality diets, there is much scope to provide information on these advances. We also cover papers on feed production manufacture such as milling, pelleting, shaping and texture of petfoods such as extrusion.

The journal recognises that petfood science & manufacturing technology plays a vital role in promoting the health and well-being of our pets. Optimal feed management and environmental impact of diets are worthy of inclusion.

Manuscripts can consist of scientific work in the form of typical standard papers, short scientific communications or as review articles.

In essence, Petfood Journal will appeal to the veterinary practitioner, scientist, technician, feed manufacturer and at various levels in academia such as undergraduate, masters, PhD students and post-doctoral, researcher, being an invaluable source of validated information and a potential location for their own research findings.

The manuscripts will be fully peer-reviewed by appropriate members of our editorial board and approved finally by the Editor-in Chief.

These OA papers will be available on our official website Internationalpetfood.co.uk and printed as well as being downloadable. Links will be provided within our existing International Petfood magazine.

Please do not hesitate to get in touch with any queries at journal@perendale.co.uk.

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Mars to acquire Heska

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ars, Incorporated, and Heska Corporation have announced that they have entered into a definitive agreement under which Mars will acquire Heska, a global provider of advanced veterinary diagnostic and specialty products for $120.00 per share.

The transaction price represents a premium of approximately 38 percent over Heska’s 60-calendar day volume weighted average price and a premium of approximately 23 percent over Heska’s closing stock price as of March 31, 2023. The agreement has been unanimously approved by the boards of directors of both companies. Upon transaction close, Heska will join Mars Petcare, a purpose-driven global business serving pets and pet owners through products and services within veterinary health and diagnostics, nutrition, innovation, and technology. This acquisition will enable the Science & Diagnostics division of Mars Petcare to expand its diagnostic offerings and broadly promote point-of-care veterinary diagnostics to the global pet healthcare community.

Nefertiti Greene, President, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, says, “We look forward to welcoming Heska to Science & Diagnostics as we share the belief that diagnostic

innovation is a critical enabler to providing transformative veterinary care.” Ms Greene adds, “This transaction will bring together highly complementary businesses with a strong strategic and cultural fit that furthers our purpose to create A BETTER WORLD FOR PETS™. This comprehensive diagnostic offering will mean broader coverage across diagnostic products, services, and technology, and will accelerate R&D for novel solutions.”

Kevin Wilson, Chief Executive Officer & President, Heska, comments “Today’s announcement is a great testament to the quality of our Heska family – we are small, but our people and their creativity, execution, expertise, and value-creation have made us exceptional. We are thrilled to join Mars Petcare on its quest to build A BETTER WORLD FOR PETS™. Working together, Heska’s innovations will more quickly reach more veterinarians to help more pet families live better, healthier, longer lives. That’s been our mission for over a decade and today is an incredible milestone towards realising it.”

Science & Diagnostics includes Antech Diagnostics (“Antech”), a global veterinary diagnostics business. Antech has brought innovative technologies and

solutions backed by scientific rigor and data-driven insights to veterinary professionals for more than 35 years. Antech’s range of businesses includes reference laboratories, veterinary imaging and education and telemedicine with board-certified specialist support services through Antech Imaging Services (AIS).

Founded in 1988, Heska sells, manufactures, markets, and supports diagnostic and specialty solutions for veterinary practitioners. Since its inception, Heska has been committed to bettering the lives of its veterinarian customers, their pet patients, and pet owners around the world through its point-of-care diagnostics and informatics platform. With a focus on investing in technology, research and development, and strategic partnerships with worldclass leaders in diagnostics and treatments, Heska seeks to provide the benefits of breakthrough innovations to pet healthcare providers across North America and internationally, including Germany, Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Australia, and Malaysia.

The transaction includes customary closing conditions, including Heska shareholders’ and regulatory approvals, and is anticipated to close in the second half of 2023.

Houchens Industries acquires Feeders Pet Supply

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SP, based in Louisville, KY, is an omnichannel pet specialty retailer that operates under the names of Feeders Pet Supply and Chow Hound Pet Supplies.

The company sells petfood, supplies and services through its emerging e-commerce platform in addition to its 58 brick-and-mortar locations across Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina.

FSP was founded in 1959 and its growth accelerated in 2016 when PNC Riverarch, based in Pittsburgh, acquired the majority ownership. Now, 100 percent of the company is being sold to Houchens “as a pathway for … employees to share in not only the ownership and success of FSP, but the ownership and success of Houchens,” according to a press release.

Brannon Dixon, CEO of FSP, says, “We are very proud of our heritage and accomplishments to date and look forward to continuing that growth and success under the Houchens umbrella. We are aligned on the

strategic initiatives to expand and enhance not only our retail footprint but our service offerings to customers.

Houchens provides us long-term capital that is critical to achieving our future growth plans. Our senior leadership team is excited to partner with a company that is retail rich in talent and experience.”

Dion Houchins, CEO of Houchens, says, “We are excited to invest in the growing pet retail segment.

This strategic investment met every criteria on our investment philosophy checklist. Partnering with a strong management team only enhanced our interest.

Brannon Dixon and the FSP senior leadership team have like-minded growth plans and embody an employee and customer centric approach. Having its headquarters in Louisville supports our growth strategy in our home state of Kentucky. This investment further diversifies our ESOP which is critical to our sustained success.”

10 | May 2023 - International Petfood

H&H Group expands pet nutrition and care segment

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aunched in Florida in 2014, Zesty Paws prioritises innovation to provide high-quality, functional products for both cats and dogs.

The company was acquired by H&H Group in August 2021, signalling the Group’s continued expansion into pet health and wellness following its earlier acquisition of Solid Gold in 2020.

The global pet food and supplements market is currently valued at approx. USD 123 billion and is projected to continue its upward trajectory, demonstrating the consumer demand and increasing focus on pet health and wellness across the globe.

Mike Rondas, CEO for Europe, H&H Group comments, “This UK launch is an exciting first step into European expansion for our pet nutrition and care segment and rings true to our business mission at H&H Group to make people healthier and happier, which extends to our pets and our passion for holistic pet health. We know that Zesty Paws can bring transformative supplementation to pets worldwide, bringing efficacious solutions, powered by branded ingredients and in an easy-to give soft chew format that pets love. With over 330,000 5-star ratings and reviews in the US, Zesty Paws continues to deliver results you can see with ingredients you can trust.

“Looking at the UK specifically, the country has the third largest number of pets following US and China, with 35 percent of UK pet owners agreeing that supplements are the most efficient way of delivering functional benefits to pets, reflecting the desire for these products.

“Following the pet ownership boom which we saw occur during the pandemic, pet ownership continues to persist, alongside a growing demographic of older pets who require specialised products for their senior needs, which Zesty Paws supplements provide.”

Rafi Kalachian, CEO of North America, H&H Group, comments, “We’re thrilled to be expanding our Zesty Paws range into Europe, further realising the company’s vision of being recognised as a global leader for the health and wellness of pets and giving pet parents the tools to optimise their pet’s holistic health.”

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PureeX adds new dimensions of freshness to pet food

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n response to demand for fresh, healthy and sustainable petfood, leading insect ingredients company Protix launches fresh PureeX®, an appetising fresh insect meat. This new variant on frozen PureeX offers petfood manufacturers and their customers all the health benefits of proteins and lipids from insects, while also lowering the ‘pawprint’ of petfood. For this innovative product, processing is simple and rapid, resulting in an authentic and honest ingredient that is minimally processed and maximally nutritious.

In two lab studies with PureeX, the company found a stronger antioxidant activity compared to commonly used petfood ingredients. In the competitive pet market where consumers want to keep their four- legged friends healthier for longer, the higher antioxidant activity of fresh PureeX delivers a potential added benefit.

Thanks to straightforward rapid processing with a minimum amount of steps, fresh PureeX is an ingredient which is low in biogenic amines, a commonly used measure of freshness. It has a low footprint, just like its counterpart frozen PureeX. In a recently published DIL sustainability report, frozen PureeX scored 24x better in terms of global warming than poultry meat (0.439 kg. CO2 equivalent versus 10.33 kg.

CO2 equivalent) and similar data are expected for fresh PureeX. Made in the largest insect ingredients facility worldwide, fresh PureeX promises reliable availability and an appealing price- quality ratio. It complements Protix’s broad portfolio of sustainable tasty insect ingredients, consisting of frozen PureeX®, ProteinX® (insect meal) and LipidX® (insect oil).

According to Statista, global consumer spending on petfood is expected to grow annually by 11.11 percent (CAGR 2023-2027), mainly driven by demographic changes such as the increase in the number of single-

person households, and pet humanisation. Adoring pet parents are prepared to spend on premium products that reflect their own diet. Fresh PureeX taps into the trend for fresh sustainable food among humans, and pet parents’ desire to feed their pets a similar diet. Antioxidants are on-trend in petfood. They are a part of cat and dog food to help maintain the cellular balance and keeping animals healthier for longer. In stressful situations such as diseases or infections, our furry friends may naturally produce an excess of ‘pro-oxidant’ molecules (for example free radicals).

These pro-oxidants can disrupt the normal biological balance and damage the body. Antioxidants can help in suppressing the negative effect of these molecules.

Including fresh PureeX in cat and dog feed is likely to boost the antioxidant capacity and may potentially support longevity and well-being.

Forward-thinking brands are already incorporating fresh PureeX in their wet and dry formulations and reaping the benefits of an ingredient that is good for pets and for the planet. Persuading owners to switch to a new formulation can be challenging, as Yora Managing Director Glenn Ranking knows.

In support, Protix has conducted two studies to assess the antioxidant potential of (frozen) PureeX, the latter together with Yora. The first study, completed in 2020, concerned a series of lab tests to assess PureeX alone.

One of the tests shows that PureeX was able to suppress the negative effect of pro-oxidant molecules by 90%.

Conversely, chicken meal and fishmeal could trigger the production of these harmful molecules by 5-15 percent.

The second study was concluded in 2022 and evaluated -also in lab tests- the antioxidant potential of PureeX when used in wet and dry pet food formulas. A key outcome of the study is that greater antioxidant activity was seen in insect-based cat food compared to super premium cat foods in the market.

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internationalmilling.com 12 | May 2023 - International Petfood

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Buhler’s solution to mycotoxins in petfood

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ycotoxins, a poisonous chemical found in the corn used in petfoods, are causing animal sickness and irreparable brand damage. To solve this issue, SORTEX LumoVision, a solution developed by Swiss technology group Bühler, uses the spectral scale to kick out mold from petfood, keeping the costs of market recall down and pets safe.

In 2021, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) alerted customers of fatal levels of aflatoxin, a strand of mycotoxin that attacks the liver, found in 1,000 lots of petfood. From the bad batch, it is reported that 130 dogs died. This statistic provoked lawsuits and anger from dog owners and the wider industry. However, the damage of mycotoxin contamination does not stop there.

grains in 10,000 can render an entire batch unsafe.

The Food and Drug Association (FDA) estimate that USD932 million is lost per year to crops contaminated with mycotoxin. This removal of the contaminated material may protect the consumer, but it costs businesses and the environment a lot more.

Recalling product is expensive One of the major costs of mycotoxin contamination is market recall. Recalling a product from the market is not cheap, in fact, the Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA) discovered that the average cost of market recall is USD10 million in direct costs alone. The financial hits of recalling product include: disposing of the product, reimbursing customers, and business interruption. The GMA survey showed that 81 percent of respondents deemed the financial risk of market recall to be “significant to catastrophic”.

Contaminated product damages brand image Financial costs and damage to health are not the only repercussions of mycotoxin contamination.

Once the media are aware of the situation, brand image can take a significant hit. For consumers, it takes a lot to repair trust in a brand, and while brand damage is difficult to measure, this can further cost companies millions in lifetime value.

Contaminated product can cause mass waste Before the LumoVision, contaminated grain would have been disposed of in large amounts.

During testing, if the batch has a high concentration of mycotoxin, in many cases, the entire batch is destroyed. In fact, as few as 2 highly contaminated

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Bühler SORTEX faced the challenge of mycotoxin contamination head-on. After discovering a breakthrough “invisible indicator” of contamination on the spectral scale, Bühler created the LumoVision, an optical sorter that can reduce the aflatoxin level by up to 90 percent (as indicated by industrial trials). This reduction brings many samples to regulation levels, saving companies from the costs of large-scale material waste and market recall.

It works by analysing the color each kernel fluoresces as it passes under powerful UV lighting in the sorter. It is known that contaminated kernels fluoresce a specific bright green colour, a substance called kojic acid, which is produced by the Aspergillus fungus at the same time as it produces aflatoxin. LumoVision’s proprietary, highly sensitive cameras and a powerful LED-based UV lighting system can precisely detect this color of fluorescence. Within milliseconds of detection, air nozzles deploy to blow contaminated kernels out of the product stream.

When dealing with toxins, early intervention is critical. This is not only important in reducing the toxins consumed by pets, but also to lower wastage and the environmental footprint. Without proper cleaning and sorting, poisonous mycotoxins can cause large-scale wastage of materials, mass market recalls, and harm to pets.

Dr Gerardo Morantes, Director of Food SafetyAmericas Region at Buhler, had the following to say, “Mycotoxins are a worldwide concern. However, technology made possible by Bühler SORTEX enables a preventative solution, meaning that mycotoxins can be dealt with early, stopping the spread and removing the contamination to meet regulatory standards.”

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International Petfood - May 2023 | 13

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A healthy gut feeling Why the gut is the key for animal welfare and performance

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by Dr. Elisabeth Holl, Senior Technical Manager & Dr. Bernhard Eckel, Vice President, Dr. Eckel Animal Nutrition, Germany henever animal welfare and well-being is in focus, the term “gut health” comes up as well. But what defines gut health and how can it be maintained? Surely there is more to gut health than merely the absence of gastrointestinal illness. Good digestion and absorption of nutrients are as much a sign of a healthy gut as an effective immune system and a normal and stable microbiota.

There is no doubt that animal nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the gut. The search for advanced dietary strategies to strengthen the resilience of animals to infections and non-infectious stressors is therefore a powerful driver for the development of innovative feed additives aimed at improving gut health and animal well-being.

The microbiota – a closer look

Many of the challenges we encounter in animal production can be related to poor gut health. Dysbiosis in poultry it is often associated with poorly digested feed, diarrhoea, and wet litter, leading to footpad dermatitis, reduced uniformity of the flock and ultimately to losses in productivity. Poor eggshell quality may also be linked to gut health problems, especially

in older hens which rely on an effective calcium absorption for eggshell formation. In piglets, post-weaning diarrhoea caused by uncontrolled proliferation of E. coli is a threat to both animal welfare and production profitability.

Numerous studies describe the positive effects of a healthy and balanced gut microbiota and its metabolites on innate and adaptive immunity, metabolism, gut physiology and even animal behaviour. Stress factors such as early weaning, heat stress or diet composition may lead to a disruption of the intestinal barrier and impair the animals’ resilience. Only a healthy gut with a balanced microbiota can function as a barrier between the environment and the animal and provide protection from pathogens. It is therefore important to improve and maintain this barrier function of the healthy gut to prevent harmful or toxic substances from being absorbed into the body from the environment.

How to support a healthy gut

A key factor for regular intestinal biology are short chain fatty acids like acetic, propionic, and butyric acid. They are the product of bacterial fermentation in the intestine. A high concentration of short chain fatty acids lowers intestinal pH which in turn suppresses pathogen bacteria and facilitates mineral absorption.

Butyric acid improves the epithelial integrity and defence systems and decreases intestinal permeability. To optimise the effect of butyric acid in the gut, it must reach the target site. Different forms of butyric acid, either supplemented or endogenous,

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Figure 1: Gut microbiota and its metabolites communicate with the brain via several pathways, influencing animal health and well-being

will have different effects in the animal, dependent on the digestive compartment they reach. Butyric acid in the stomach has an antibacterial effect and improves protein digestion. In the distal part of the intestine, it will strengthen the epithelial barrier, reduce inflammatory processes, and stimulate the production of antimicrobial peptides.

Nutrition impacts intestinal health

In other words, the more butyric acid in the hindgut, the better. How can this be achieved? Free short chain

fatty acids are rapidly digested in the stomach or the crop. Supplemented butyrate must therefore be specially protected so that it reaches the distal parts of the intestine.

This may be done by encapsulating the butyrate, for instance with fatty acids. However, release of the butyric acid throughout the gut needs to be well-timed and may not be optimal.

A better way to maximise butyric acid concentration in the hind gut is to stimulate the endogenous production of butyrate in the lower part of the intestine. The strategy is to make substrates – known as prebiotics – available to

International Petfood - May 2023 | 15

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Figure 2: PreAcid concept improves microflora composition in the hindgut of broilers (a), volatile fatty acid production (b) and reduces lipopolysaccharides in the blood serum (c) (Dr. Eckel research, 2020 and 2021).

specific micro-organisms, generating conversion products essential for the growth of the digestive system. Prebiotics are generally carbohydrates like fructo-oligosaccharides.

They provide a useful energy source for beneficial bacteria.

A different approach is the use of gluconic acid, which is structurally related to sorbitol, a slowly fermentable sugar. It is not or hardly absorbed in the small intestine of monogastric animals. Due to the microbial fermentation of gluconic acid, lactate and acetate originate as by-products. These are then converted to butyric acid by acid-utilising bacteria in the large intestine and the caecum.

PreAcid – it’s all in the blend

There is a solution especially developed to improve growth and the continuous self-renewal of the intestinal mucosa.

PreAcid, a multifunctional feed supplement for highperformance animal feed, contains short-chain fatty acids and the GlucoFence complex which consists of a combination of gluconate and butyrate.

What effect does PreAcid have in the intestine? The organic acids in PreAcid inhibit pathogens and so prevent diarrhoea – still top of the list of common diseases. The prebiotic components butyrate and gluconate promote

intestinal development. This has been proven in several trials, where for instance an increased production of butyric and total acids and the improvement of microflora composition in the caecum of broilers could be observed (figure 2a and b). Also, PreAcid reduced the concentration of E. coli lipopolysaccharides in the blood serum of broilers challenged with E. coli and Salmonella (figure 2c). The detection of LPS in the serum in that study suggests that the negative effects of E. Coli and Salmonella on the intestinal barrier of broilers could be mitigated by the prebiotic action of the GlucoFence complex in PreAcid.

Lower mortality and higher final weight

The benefit: PreAcid is the ideal source of butyrate in animal nutrition, improving performance and productivity.

In a large-scale trial with broilers comparing the effect of PreAcid with butyric acid, the PreAcid concept clearly outperformed other sources of butyric acid. The animals were allocated to two groups. The control group received fat coated butyric acid, the treatment group received PreAcid.

After eight fattening rounds the result for the PreAcid group was definitive: the animals reached higher final weights and a better feed conversion ratio. The mortality was reduced by up to 24 per cent (figure 3). Furthermore, the use of PreAcid reduced feed costs per kg meat by 2.8 per cent and markedly increased meat yield.

Strong gut – strong performance

Optimising the amount of butyric acid in the hind gut will benefit both animals and producers: the antibacterial and prebiotic action improves gut health, stimulates digestion, and improves nutrient absorption and animal welfare. So for a healthy gut and optimal performance in poultry, go for the full effect of butyric acid in the intestinal tract. PreAcid’s prebiotic approach with the GlucoFence will get you there.

Figure 3: PreAcid improves broiler performance (Dr. Eckel field trial).

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International Petfood - May 2023 | 17

Automatic drum emptier

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A unique technology for toxic/explosive powdery products

by Dinnissen Process Technology, The Netherlands ith personal protection and a safer workplace in mind, in mid-2015 an existing customer requested Dinnissen to think along about a solution for the automatic emptying of 200 dm³ drums containing toxic/

explosive powdery products The reason for this was that although the drums were already being emptied mechanically at the existing customer’s premises, the employees had to wear gas masks during the emptying of these drums, which is undesirable, especially for long periods of time.

In the course of 2016, Dinnissen’s specialists set to work and, in conjunction and regular consultation with the client, they developed a fully 3D-animated pre-engineering in order to present the first draft designs.

Enthusiastic!

The first draft designs were received with so much enthusiasm that by the end of 2016, Dinnissen was awarded the contract.

This was the beginning of an exciting process of adaptations, improvements, unique innovations and frequent consultation with the client.

In early 2018, after more than a year of development, testing and improvement, the worldwide first of this truly unique automatic drum-emptier was a fact. The process starts with the supply of the closed drums, which are placed on the roller conveyor via the operator. After the ‘release signal’ and confirmation that the installation is ready, the drum is transported towards the first cabin.

Opening of the drum: first part

During the first operation, the lid is removed from the drum fully automatically with a special head piece, after which the lid remains clamped in this head piece. The drum is transported

to the second cabin through an airlock. In the meantime, the clamped lid is pushed out of the head piece and placed on another conveyor belt. The lid that has just been removed is then transported to a separate cabin and cleaned with a neutral liquid, so after cleaning, it can be removed from the installation without any risk.

Inliner: second part

From the first cabin, and after removal of the lid, the drum now arrives in the second cabin. Because in some cases the drums are provided with a separate ‘inliner’ (a - usually - plastic lining on the inside of the drum) a provision had to be made to allow the operator to easily remove it. For this reason, the second cabin is provided with a special hatch that allows access not only to remove the inliner, but also to easily remove any powder residue.

To further optimise accessibility and workability, the drum is positioned on a specially developed turntable, so the operator can work quickly and efficiently.

Emptying the drum

After the previous operation, the still filled drum is transported to the third cabin via another roller conveyor. Here the drum is fixed by a gripper arm, which rotates and empties the drum. At the express request of the client, this gripper arm is infinitely operable by the operator by means of a two-hand operation. This is a major advantage. After all, it allows the operator to look into the rotating drum and assess whether the use of a specially positioned ‘beater’ is necessary to knock any powder residues from the drum. In the meantime, possible powder chunks are reduced in size by a self-developed breaking knife.

Both the inliner, if there is one, and the removed powder continue their way via the roller conveyor, with the inliner being automatically transported to the shredder and shredded. Because these flakes may still be contaminated with the toxic/explosive residual product, they are stored in a special container that is eventually filled with a cleaning liquid. After a certain time, this liquid is drained and the flakes can be repacked and safely disposed of.

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Last step: cleaning the drum

After emptying, the drum is returned to the starting position with the same two-handed operation and transported to the cleaning cabin via the roller conveyor. Here the drum is fully automatically clamped, lifted, turned over, brought into the desired cleaning position and rinsed out with a large amount of liquid, then blown dry with compressed air and placed back on the roller conveyor, after which the clean drum is fully automatically released via a secured hatch.

Additional safety

For the sake of additional safety, each cabin is regarded as an isolated space, which can be locked securely by its own automatic doors or shutters. If required, the operator can inject nitrogen into any cabin containing potentially explosive products, eliminating the chance of a possible explosion.

The installation is also equipped with a built-in air dryer, including filters that prevent vapours from spreading through the installation. Another equally innovative measure is the constant negative pressure, which ensures no toxic/explosive vapours can escape when the drums are introduced or released.

Naturally, the complete electronic control and monitoring, including visualisations, have been developed and implemented by Dinnissen. All in all, this is a technical tour de force which will be highly regarded worldwide.

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International Petfood - May 2023 | 19

hydronix.com 01/03/2023 13:02

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Aquatic Turtles and all about their nutritional needs

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by Niamh Cassidy, International Petfood, UK

quatic turtles are entertaining, quiet, and not too complex to care for once you understand the individual species needs.

The life of an aquatic turtle can span more than 20 years, a significant commitment for anyone considering owning them as pets.

When it comes to their necessities, caring for their specific nutritional needs is important to ensure they live a healthy, happy life.

Environment & Eating Habits

Aquatic turtles live partially in water, occasionally spending time on land. They eat and swallow with their head fully submerged underwater, so feeding them on land will not work for many species. The environment is important, and can significantly affect their eating habits, so the general advice is to feed aquatic turtles in a separate tank, to cater to their messy habits and allow owners to monitor their eating. They also will require constant variety in diet, as aquatic turtles become easily bored at the same old grub and may even refuse to eat if they don’t fancy it, so try switching it up every now and then!

The frequency in which turtles should be fed depends entirely on their age. Baby turtles may need to be fed, up to twice a day, smaller/juvenile turtles expecting daily meals. As they age, adult turtles eat typically every two to three days, provided the portions are decent.

Diet

The diet of an aquatic turtle varies across species, but should consist of protein and vegetables. Turtles are omnivores, eating both plants and meat – which can come from a myriad of sources when applied to captivity feeding.

Whilst a wild turtle’s diet cannot be exactly replicated in the wild, there are suitable store-bought alternatives for owners to try. Earthworms, bloodworms, glassworms (a type of seasonal mosquito larvae that are high in fat, so should only be fed occasionally for variety) are easily accessible options. Whole fish are a suitable balanced prey item, with live fish offering a source of environmental enrichment for a turtle’s meal. Feeder fish species that are recommended for an aquatic turtles dinner include Guppies, Platies, Swordtails, and Cyprinis fish (such as Minnows and Goldfish, however these should not be fed in excess). Avoiding Oily fish (Tuna, maceral, and herring etc) is suggested, as they are deficient in vitamin E and contain excessive quantities of unsaturated fatty acids. Dried ant eggs, larvae, shrimp, insects, or mealworms should be avoided due to their imbalanced nutritional value.

Commercially available pellets are a necessary form of protein for captive aquatic turtles. They are a great source of vitamins and minerals, filling the nutritional gap of the prey they’d usually have eaten in the wild. They’re much denser than whole foods, so should be fed in lower quantities. They come in many sizes and varieties, all catered for your pet’s specific needs, considering age and species. The larger sized pellets are ideal for large turtles, as they float well on water, whereas smaller pellets sink quickly, which is no problem for the smaller, or more juvenile turtles. The age-dependant pellet varieties include: • Growth Pellets • Maintenance Pellets • Mature Pellets Growth pellets are as you’d expect; pellets that promote and aid growth. They are packed with more protein and calcium, ideal for baby turtles, or more carnivorous turtles. Maintenance pellets are designed to imitate a change in dietary preference from animal to plant matter. This change applies to many turtles, as they age

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and mature, so does their diet, in some cases becoming more omnivorous or herbivorous.

A balanced diet for aquatic turtles basically consists of protein and vegetables, and should be continuously varied.

Vegetables are an important component, and should be the majority of their diet, as they provide necessary sources of calcium. Dark leafy greens are the advisable vegetables, we’d suggest romaine lettuce (not iceberg or head lettuce – they have little nutritional value as they’re mostly water already!), collard greens, mustard greens, dandelion greens, water cress, and turnip greens, to name just a few.

Anti-Nutrient plants to avoid

Some plants have naturally occurring phytochemicals that hamper the ability of nutrient absorption, so should not be fed frequently at the risk of serious health consequences.

Firstly, foods containing Glucosinolates, that interfere with the metabolism of dietary iodine, which include bokchoy, broccoli, cabbage, spinach, and cauliflower. Next up is Oxalates. Oxalates are phytochemicals found in many plants, that bind and inhibit the absorption of dietary calcium. Oxalatehigh foods include beet greens, broccoli, carrots, cilantro, pears, tomatoes, and strawberries. Another anti-nutrient phytochemical to look out for are Phytates. Phytates bind to calcium, zinc, iron, and other minerals, hindering their use in the body, as well as interfering with protein digestion. They are typically found in legumes and grains. Tannins are another notable phytochemical found in bananas, carrots, grapes, onions, and spinach, which render protein unusable in the body.

International Petfood - May 2023 | 21

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Environment & Cats What’s the most climate-friendly cat food?

Cats have a significant impact on the environment, namely, hunting native birds and wildlife populations in startling numbers. However, there may be an even more significant way in which cats are affecting the environment, and it’s due to their food.

Most experts agree that while wet food has long been touted as the best option for felines, it turns out that wet food results in eight times more climate-heating emissions than dry food. As cats are obligate carnivores, their meals must be made up of mostly meat, and according to stats, meat has one of the most significant environmental footprints of all foods According to some estimates, animal agriculture accounts for up to 14.5 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions, and dogs and cats together are said to be responsible for 25-30 percent of the environmental impact of meat consumption in the United States.

Since wet food is made up primarily of meat, it’s easy to see why its impact would be so much more devastating.

In a recent study, the environmental impact of the ingredients of wet, homemade, and dry food diets was analysed, including factors such as emissions of greenhouse gases, land, and water use, and pollution resulting from production. Wet foods had the biggest environmental impact, homemade foods were somewhere in between, and dry foods the least—by a significant margin.

And of course, none of this considers factory production, packaging, and transportation.

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So, as a cat owner, how does one avoid this?

More and more companies are turning toward “ethical” or “sustainable” cat food, meaning the food production process and the product itself causes little to no harm to the environment. This includes meat ingredient sources that are labelled as free-range, naturally fed, dolphin safe, or sustainably fished and grown. The carbon footprint of production also needs to be taken into account, including transportation and packaging (recyclable materials like tin being ideal).

Excitedcats.com veterinarian Dr Lorna Whittemore BVMS, recommends other ways to help make your cat climate-friendly, “There are many ways we can incorporate environmentally conscious decisions into caring for cats. Food choice does play a large part, but cat litter, toys, bedding, and cat trees are all available in environmentally responsible options now.”

Of course—and thankfully—many of the products used in cat food are products that humans would be unlikely to eat, often referred to as “offal”. While even organic foods still contain this ingredient, they are still a great option as they are typically organ meats, which contain high amounts of nutrients and minerals.

Meat-based proteins from lower in the food chain are also good options. Poultry and fish (especially sustainably caught wild fish) have a far lower carbon footprint than beef or lamb.

Another veterinarian at Excited Cats, Dr Paola Cuevas, says that alternative protein options are also becoming more and more of a reality. “Fly larvae, crickets, and other insects are promising sustainable protein alternatives, both for human and pet foods. Insects have a fast time to maturity and a high reproduction rate; they require less food, less water, and less landscape for their production compared to any of the conventional farm animals.”

She also mentions issues with food consumption by livestock. “Cattle require 12 times more food than cricket to produce a pound of product. Chicken and pork require at least double the amount of food than crickets. While alternative insect proteins are yet to be studied as a long-term feeding basis for cats, this is definitively a much more sustainable food source that we should be considering as a promising solution to this big problem.”

Lastly, making food at home for cats may be an option, as owners can choose the best, locally produced meats possible. However, this gets very tricky nutrition-wise, and it’s recommended to get a veterinary nutritionist to formulate a diet plan for you. This is especially true for cats with special dietary needs.

While pets may play a significant role in negatively affecting the environment, there are things owners can do to play their part.

Purchasing sustainable cat foods wherever possible is a great start, and the more customers show a desire for these kinds of products, the more manufacturers will answer the call.

International Petfood - May 2023 | 23

TRAINING

Industry Training Bühler Pet Food and Aqua Feed Workshop

A four day hands-on workshop at the Bühler extrusion pilot plant, utilising twin-screw extrusion technology. The Pet/ aqua feed workshop will provide you with an introduction to the basics of extrusion technology, focusing on preconditioning, energy, moisture and mass flow balance. The workshop will take place at Extrusion Application Centre, Bühler, Uzwil CH on September 5 - 8, 2023. This workshop is intended for operation supervisors, engineering or R&D personnel, etc. i.e. people, which are actively involved in technological aspects and feasibility considerations of extrusion. This course is an

introduction to the basics of extrusion technology.

Using hands-on. workshop-style teaching, you will learn: Introduction to the basics of extrusion technology, focusing on preconditioning, energy, moisture and mass flow balance.

Discussion of single v/s twin screw extrusion technology, screw configuration, die and knife technology.

SME control and product density control and its significance in vacuum coating.

Micro-Feed for Aqua Fresh meat addition and filled pillow treats for pet food Practical demonstrations will help you to apply everything you

24 | May 2023 - International Petfood

learn in our modern pilot plant.

What is included: Hands-on training with our experienced extrusion experts Training documentations Lunch on all full training days Transportation between hotel and training facilities Certificate of participation Invitation letter for visa application Accommodation from September 4 – 9, 2023 can be booked through Bühler on request. Costs however have to be covered by the participant.

For more details visit: https:// www.buhlergroup.com/content/ buhlergroup/global/en/training/ Buhler-pet-aqua-feed-workshop.html

TROUBLESHOOTING

Troubleshooting We have been through many topics and I have one that is troubling me. Listening to the radio and TV commercials adds recently some can be seen/heard actually stating kibble (extruded) petfood is dead food and you have to buy their product to put onto the dogfood you buy? I have had many dogs, mostly bird hunting dogs and all lived great long lives in good health and we bought 40-50 lb. bags of extruded petfood. I think they should state the dry petfoods have their water activity under control, in my opinion it is not dead.

Of course, the general public does not have decades of working in this industry with the knowledge of how petfoods are made. What do we know? Formulations are very advanced and meet and exceed the nutrient requirements of the pet. There are many specialty feeds for all conditions and life cycles. The scientific knowledge and information available are out there and are endless. Example which counters the additive additions is vitamin in my opinion. Vitamin and nutrient survival data of extrusion at various temperatures allow for diet corrections to end up with the desired amount. Everyone tests to verify, has to be in there if labelled as such.

Relating to the losses at various temperatures, this relates directly to the style extruder used. If excellent preconditioning is used or more thermal energy then less friction or mechanical energy is needed in the actual extruder section, or less residence time, to achieve the desired cook level. The major nutrient losses based on testing is generated in the extruder barrel. Dryers could be a concern, elevated temperatures for extended periods. However, dryers exist that can manage the product temperature over the time in the dryer and never exceed 80 percent C. A key temperature mentioned many times as the point pre and probiotics might be damaged. It is true for some pigments used in the aquafeed industry and the main reason the lower temperature dryers were developed.

Also, no doubt coating methods of both liquid and dry ingredients allow for additions topically to petfoods for many issues. There is no doubt in my mind that the major vast majority of petfood manufacturers are not making dead foods if any. Let’s put some kibble in the shelf and yes it will still be there in five years with no bacterial growth, it was designed to be that way. OK, in general one year shelf life but with a bit of forethought, an extra bag or two on hand you can survive a zombie apocalypse with your favourite pet.

Previously on Troubleshooting...

1. Density

An examination of product density and its relationship with moisture levels, heating, cooling feeder screw rate and automation.

2. Non-uniform and rough appearance

A guide to understanding the science involved in improving the art of making products of all the same size.

3. Extrusion dies

This article takes a look at aspects of the process including high, medium and low shear as well the adjustments required when producing feed for small mammals.

4. Dryers

The dryer is without a doubt one of the machines in the system which greatly impacts the bottom line.

5. The Extruder Barrel - Part 1

Forming extruders are used for some select products – thus this part of the discussion centres on single and twin designs.

6. Cook in the Extruder Barrel – part 2

As discussed last month, the extruder barrel has a number of functions, but the main goal is to finalise the cook, yield the desired shape with the density target.

7. Coating

The coating process has a few areas of importance, with this edition of ‘Troubleshooting’ exploring the most important of these.

8. Expanded cat food

Dry expanded cat food production is similar to dog food production, but there are some differences, with this edition exploring a choice selection of these.

9. Extrusion during operation

This month we discuss steam input into the conditioner. During the water addition process, the steam is usually in the two-bar range.

International Petfood - May 2023 | 25

Unique synergy!

PRODUCTION Innovations this month May 2023 This month’s Production Showcase section features equipment and ingredients that will help in the production of petfood, taking you right from the recipe book, right up until until your product is ready to leave your factory door.

If you would like your product or service to appear on this page in a future edition of International Petfood magazine, then please contact us at editorial@perendale.co.uk Twin-Screw Extruder SPHS Series by Zheng Chang

Leiber YeaFi® – Brewers’ yeast bound to functional f ibres!

The equipment is with good adaptability for the precise processing of various formulas such as low starch, high protein, and high fat. The design technique adopted of European die hole structure and hole patterning process ensures consistent particle size of products and good look. Screw and bushing can be made of new wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure a service life 3 more times longer than that of the current industry average, and the whole machine is more stable and reliable.

It adopts the first-class imported gear box with torque limiter, which is reliable in use and low in maintenance cost. The integrally forged bushing with one-piece molding minimizes the risk of cracks but maximizes the product service life.Through the Bush wear detection technology, the wear of each segment of the bushing can be detected without dismantling the machine, so as to ensure the production capacity and product quality of the equipment.

http://www.zhengchang.com/eng/index.aspx?cat_code=Pet_ Food_Equipment_Extruder&article_id=1899

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26 | May 2023 - International Petfood

FOCUS The Pegasus® Conditioner by Dinnissen Process technology

Holmen NHP200 Series 2 by Tekpro

The Pegasus® Conditioner is a double-axis mixer that uses steam or hot air to adjust the moisture percentage in a product. Different types of product, such as powders, steam, water and fats can be mixed homogeneously. The steam or hot air can be used as pretreatment or salmonella control. The amount of product to be mixed and the mixing time can be controlled manually. Maintenance and inspection are quick through the easily accessible hatches.

The Holmen NHP200 Series 2, is our flagship pellet durability tester used worldwide for calculating the Pellet Durability Index (PDI) of feed and wood pellets by simulating the pellet transportation environment from mill to trough.

In some manufacturing processes, different substances are first mixed into a homogeneous substance. After this, they go to an extruder, where the mixture is kneaded and cooked under specific humid conditions.

With a Pegasus® Conditioner, these specific humid conditions can be met. In addition to mixing, the Conditioner can also regulate the moisture percentage. Steam can be injected into the sealed mixer to increase the moisture percentage and the entire mixture can be heated.

https://www.dinnissen.com/en/our-solutions/pegasus-conditioner

The expander OE23 by AMANDUS KAHL

Once a sample of pellets is loaded into the machine it removes any fines, weighs the sample, tests the pellets by agitating them with air at a fixed 70mBar pressure, weighs the remaining sample and calculates the PDI. This automatic solution removes the chance of human error, providing an accurate and reliable test method. The reduction in human input also allows other tasks to be completed while a test is done, ideal in a busy laboratory or where a wide number of staff carry out the testing. The average test lasts only 4 minutes and the test time is automatically set according to the pellet diameter entered.

Suitable for pellets 3mm12mm diameter.

https://www.tekpro.com/holmen-pellet-testers/

The machine is used in a variety of feed production processes, including mixing and kneading, homogenisation and agglomeration, as well as short-term conditioning. Thus, the all-rounder is not only used at the end of the production process to obtain Expandat, but already in preparation of pelleting. Due to the wide range of possible applications, the machine ensures a lot of savings, but at the same time also the specific improvement of individual feed components.

Using the crown outlet provides even greater flexibility. At the expander outlet, the pressure drops spontaneously. The product expands, and a part of the added water evaporates (flash evaporation).

The crown outlet ensures that, in contrast to conven­ tional pelleting, coarse particles also remain coarse. Combined with low energy consumption, the crown expander allows high throughputs. Existing expanders can be easily modified to crown expanders.

https://www.akahl.com/de/maschinen/konditionieren/expander/

SEE YOUR PRODUCTS IN THIS MAGAZINE If you produce a product that you think we should feature in International Petfood magazine, please get in touch To be considered for inclusion in the magazine please; Email: editorial@perendale.co.uk Include 75 words about the product along with a high resolution image and a web link to more information about the product in your email

Premix Mixer by Yemmak It is a paddle mixer which has been designed in order to mix homogeneously raw materials, vitamins, minerals and compounds.

Shaft housing have completely dust-proof design. Mixing capability is increased with the mixer is provided with pneumatically actuated butterfly valves and exit of it with the gate placed in the middle of machine. The shaft is driven by horizontal type reducer and belt-pulley system. Mixing (homogenization) is performed to evenly distribute the particles of different sizes and quantities in the mixture.

Mixing is one of the factors that directly affect the quality of the pellet.

There are two different types of mixing: batch and continuous. While batch mixers vary according to the paddle types and number of shafts, continuous mixers vary only according to the number of shafts. There are two important properties of mixers: the duration and quality of mixing.

These properties may vary depending on the desired CV ratio.

https://www.yemmak.com/en/premix-mixer/

International Petfood - May 2023 | 27

Industry PROFILE

FAMSUN An integrated solution provider provide FAMSUN Group Co., Ltd., headquartered in Yangzhou, China, is a global technology partner and the integrated solution provider of plant, equipment and services in feed manufacturing, grain milling, grain handling and storage, oilseed processing, food processing, steel structure construction and industrial automation. FAMSUN has over 2,800 employees, including 900 technicians and engineers. Backed by its strong R&D capabilities, FAMSUN has developed more than 120 series (700 models) of quality feed and grain processing machines and is capable of delivering a wide range of turnkey projects from farm to table and in associated industries.

FAMSUN operates 5 production sites as well as over 50 agencies, sales & service stations, and spare parts warehouses around the world. FAMSUN has successfully completed over 8600 referenced projects in more than 140 countries. FAMSUN’s vision is to provide optimal technology solution and make life better for all.

FAMSUN value innovation, hard work, dedication, integrity, quick response and team work.

As world’s demand for quality and safe foods grows, food supply chains have become more connected. Most of their customers diversify their businesses and extend to upstream and downstream links in order to boost productivity, efficiency and sustainability. To meet with customer’s expectations of becoming a single-source supplier, which shares knowledge, experience and resource, provides convenient, flexible and consistent technical supports to customers and help them grow businesses, FAMSUN develop businesses along the value chains of their customers with four segments: 1) Feed Tech; 2) Oil/Fat Tech; 3) Grain Tech; and 4) Food Tech.

Cutting edge technologies to manufacture excellent products. By cooperating with leading manufacturing tool companies, FAMSUN introduces such advanced manufacturing technologies as CNC machining centers, welding robots, automatic painting lines, and semi-automatic assembly lines in its workshops to produce extra precision and high quality for every piece of FAMSUN product from material processing to machining, painting and assembly. FAMSUN will speed up production flexibility and increase its local and regional production capabilities by launching an investment plan with several Industry 4.0 manufacturing plants built in some strategic markets of the world.

The success of FAMSUN as a leading solution provider in agri-food industry resides in its great research and development efforts. To maintain its innovation edge for a changing market demand, FAMSUN invests an average of more than five percent of annual revenue in basic research and applied development every year.

With a stand of R&D Institutes in Asia, Europe and America, FAMSUN sophisticated specialists work around the clock in the development of existing products and solutions plus exploiting new terrain and unlock new business fields. Additionally, they cooperate with outstanding partners, inventive customers, renowned universities and institutes to constantly bring know-how together on technologies and transfer them to leading production systems in their customers’ facilities.

28 | May 2023 - International Petfood

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International Petfood - May 2023 | 29

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7

Th Annual

Aqua Feed Extrusion Conference Dr. Mian Riaz, Texas A&M University, USA

Aqua Feed International, VIV and Dr. Mian N. Riaz from Texas A&M University hosted their annual 7th Aqua feed conference at the VIV Event in Bangkok, Thailand on March 7th, 2023.

This conference was attended by more than 60 participants from all over the world. Below are the highlights for each talk given by ten international speakers at this conference.

How to Select an Extruder for Making Aqua Feed Dr. Mian N. Riaz, Head of the Extrusion Technology Program at Texas A&M University, USA explained that in today’s market, several companies offer all kinds of extruders for making aqua feed, which can make the process of selecting an appropriate extruder very confusing for the consumer. There are too many choices in the market for buying an extruder. For examples, Single screw extruder; twin screw extruder; wet extruder; dry extruder; interrupted flight extruders; segmented types extruder; non-segmented extruder; high sheer extruder; low or medium shear extruder; extruder with vented barrel; conical screw extruder; thermal extruder; intermeshed co-rotating or counter rotating twin screw extruder; extruder with constant speed motor drive vs variable speed drive; extruder with back pressure valve; extruder with external density control system; extruder with manual, semiautomatic and fully automated control system; extruder with capabilities for online analysis; extruder with volumetric or gravimetric feeding system; extruder with different compression ratio; expanders without preconditioner and with preconditioner.

Additionally, there are even several options available for preconditioner, for example, single shaft preconditioner; double shaft preconditioner; differential diameter preconditioner (DDC); two stage preconditioners; high intensity preconditioner (HIP) and high shear conditioner (HSC), etc.

Deciding on an appropriate selection depends on what kind of aqua feed needs to be made.

Questions such as is it floating, sinking, slow sinking, high fat or low fat, semi moist or dry, the size of the pellet need to be considered first. An extruder can make feed from 0.6 mm to 60 mm; thus, selection

of an extruder will depend upon the size of the pellet.

All these factors will dictate what type of extruder you should select for making aqua feed.

Why Particle Size Matters in Aquaculture Feeds Phil Erickson from Reynolds Engineering and Equipment, USA, explained that the first step in making aqua feed is to prepare your raw material using proper grinder and pulverizer for extrusion and that can be very costly, if not careful, you can spend lot of energy and efforts and then still ended up with poor quality pellets. Size reduction requirements for most feed and food industries vary upon application, which in aqua feed is between macro and micro Dr. Mian N. Riaz

30 | May 2023 - International Petfood

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particles. The size of particles bound together in a pellet, whether pelleted or extruded, influence feed production in the plant and performance in an aqua enclosure. This talk was focused on size reduction equipment currently used in agriculture and aquaculture applications and physical properties of particles, focusing on current and upcoming issues associated with size reduction in aquaculture.

Advanced Techniques for Extruded Shrimp Feed Michel Bauer Pereira, Global Application Manager – Aqua and Pet; Andritz, Denmark gave an overview about making shrimp feed with extrusion technology.

There are several different types of shrimp feed that is being made such as larvae and post larvae, starter, grower, finisher and brood stock. This feed can be herbivore and omnivore and pellet stability in water and making it 100 percent sinking are most important factors for shrimp feed. Finished feed must have high protein, low starch and fiber and the required amount of minerals and vitamins. To make good quality shrimp feed grinding is most important, then conditioning of the raw material and extrusion processing. He discussed the expansion control system which can be used to make 100 percent sinking feed and this system can be adopted with extruder after the die. After extrusion drying of these small pellets is a challenge and then coating these pellets with oil and digest for palatability is also an art because of the small diameter.

Selecting the Right Dryer for Fish and Shrimp Feed Albert Wang – from CPM Asia provided an overview of drying theory, dryer in feed industry, what are the factor which effect dryer effectiveness can one dry fit all the industry and most importantly energy and cost of drying. He explained different types of dryer for the aqua feed industry, including horizontal dryer, vertical box type counterflow dryer, and carousel dryer with vertical cross counter rotatory flow. He also provided dryer comparison for all these dryers for the moisture uniformity, retention time, energy demand, product change over, area requirement, cleaning in place and steam consumption. He explained that not one dryer fits all needs, some of them can over dry and some of them can under dry the fish and shrimp feed. All these variations translate into energy loss. He concluded his talk, that not one dyer fits all. Moisture uniformity is the key point to effective drying process and uniform moisture dryer can increase profit.

Phil Erickson

several different options to process shrimp feed. One of those options is to control expansion with the new concept of advanced Densification Technology (ADT) refinements which make it quite different. The basic concept is to move the cooking process away from the forming process (the die) in new ways. ADT components can create HIGHER heat and shear in the initial stage of the extruder than is typical (online control). The goal is to get sufficient heat early in the process allowing the final stages to focus on densifying and forming pellets. ADT equipped systems offer screw geometry, and conditioning dwell times that are atypical. The key components are: Mid Barrel Valve (MBV); Non-Conical final screw and head; Novel die and tube adapters; New die and cutting systems focused on increasing surface area for holes and longer knife options; Innovative configurations and screw segments. In summary, new die designs have eliminated the bottleneck small pellet sizes have been plagued with. This has always been a factor in low-fat shrimp formulations and feeds smaller than 3.0mm.

Surface area is increased dramatically to permit more Michel Bauer Pereira

Premium Extruded Shrimp Feeds Dana Nelson Extru-Tech, USA gave his talk on premium extruded shrimp feed. He started his talk by explaining what extrusion is and its benefits. Cooking extrusion offers many advantages over alternative forming technology and as a result has been the preferred method for producing many aquatic feeds. Critical attributes for shrimp feed are that it must sink and stay stable in water for some time. He explained that shrimp feed production has not been standardised globally. Finding the ideal method for producing shrimp feeds is not a new debate and worldwide there is no consensus about the “best” method. He provided International Petfood - May 2023 | 31

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being replaced by cheaper alternative raw materials, which sources may vary according to international prices fluctuation. Furthermore, in order to produce both optimal floating and sinking feed, precise control of the pellet expansion and density is necessary.

Aquafeed production lines are today expected to offer ever more process flexibility, reliability and durability that can be preferably achieved through twin-screw extrusion technology.

open area and hole geometry can be designed for densifying the pellet and facilitating higher capacity rather than restricting flow and ensuring sufficient cook.

Making Floating and Sinking Feed Using Twin Screw Technology Hadrien Delemazure, Manager for Pet Food and Fish Feed Processing, Clextral France explained that twin-screw extrusion has been extensively used to manufacture quality aqua pellets for the last 40 years.

Recipes are getting more complex and diversified, fishmeal and fish oil are being replaced by alternative raw materials, which sources may vary according to international prices fluctuation and availability.

Furthermore, in order to produce both optimal floating and sinking feed, precise control of the pellet expansion and density is necessary. Mr. Delemazure discussed the twin screw extrusion technology making the floating and sinking feed. Aquafeed production lines are today expected to offer more process flexibility, reliability and durability that can be achieved using twin-screw extrusion technology.

Currently we have choices to use single or twin-screw extruder to make aquafeed, and twin-screw extrusion provide more flexibility and choice to make different sizes of pellet and it allows to make floating or sinking feed as well. Twin-screw extrusion has been extensively used to manufacture quality aqua pellets for the last 40 years. While recipes are getting increasingly more complex and diversified, fish meal and fish oil are

Aquafeed Production, Focusing on Precision Dr. Michael Cheng, Global Business Development Manager, Pet and Aqua; Buhler, Switzerland disused Aqua feed extrusion; Focusing on precision. By explaining how the precision has move in extrusion technology from automated plant to digital assisted plants to self-adjusted plants to finally smart plants.

These smart plants provide solutions to digital related services, and expert services. These plants are targeted to provide highest yield, optimize manpower, support operator, efficient energy uses, flatten consumption, optimise product flow, real time monitoring, enhanced quality, digital assistance for process tracing, higher capacity, optimal performance and reduce downtime. He explained how sensor technology can be used in granulation control loop for precision particle size distribution to make sure it is not too fine or too coarse. This can provide several benefits such as uniform granulation for downstream process, mixing, pre-conditioning, extrusion; real time data of production; narrowing start-up deviations with new products; adapting to raw material fluctuations; compensating wear of the hammers; compensating wear of screens and detection of broken screens. In extrusion precision can help in efficient eco control, flexible specific mechanic energy, operator friendly, bulk density control, quality control and preconditioner control. Precision control for moisture and thermal energy management in preconditioning. In extruder precision can help in product flow capacity which in result will be higher throughput, stable running, and consistent product quality. He also discussed real time bulk density control precision system, which can help control the density automatically by adjusting the SME and thermal / pressure adjustment in extruder barrel.

Intelligent Application in Aquafeed Processing Garrick Yan - Famsun Group focused his talk on new technologies to improve efficiency. He discussed startup waste control technology, extruded with better uniformity, and kept improving OEE/YE with data utilisation. He explained how a feed mill can reduce their start up waste with new type of preconditioners with water & steam injected separately in each layer.

Optimised paddle configuration: automatic check the steam quality and adjust the parameters; applying thermal model to improve the temperature increasing speed. He also discussed different ways to improve the pellet quality such as density control system (P-DCS).

In this system, the Pressure system enables the use of high energy input levels to cook the starch. After the pellet leaves the die, the high-pressure environment elevates the boiling point, which prevents the water

32 | May 2023 - International Petfood

converting from liquid to vapor, hindering expansion.

It does not require a special screw configuration to produce both floating and sinking feed. The pressure level can be adjusted to manipulate the density. He explained how to improve water stability by better starch gelatinisation. Higher Temperature and more retention time leads to higher SG. Higher screw speed result in more gelatinized starch. High melt moisture has a cooling effect, leading to a reduction in melt viscosity and an increase in the total mass flow rate that negatively impact SG. He discussed some tips for producing micro shrimp feed. Extruded micro pellets can replace traditional crumble feed, enabling feed manufacturers to produce more nutritious high value.

Aqua Feed Coating System Caleb D. Townsend- APEC -USA gave an overview of different coating systems. He explained all different types of coating system which are available for the aqua feed industries, discussed pros and cons for each system and then elaborated automated spinning disk coating system. Some of the advantages of spinning disk system is we can apply single or multiple liquids through one inlet, and it is totally closed system – no airborne mist. Overspray falls into mixing conveyor for further blending. Utilizing high speed rotating liquid disks for atomization and no spray nozzles – With this we can apply slurries and powders. There is no low-end limitation on liquid addition. Spinning disk provides greater product exposed surface area – a 13” diameter dry disk has a 40-7/8” long curtain exposed to the liquid spray.

A twin-screw mixing conveyor has gentle but active mixing – ribbon flighting with kick back paddles and it is 10 ft. conveyor = approx. 60 seconds of retention and mixing with C.V.’s of low teens to single digits. The goal is to coat the pellet uniformly and maintain the quality of coating. A typical coating system will have pumps and meter, control system and some types of scale to measure the flow of the material.

Soy Products for Aqua Feed in Thailand Chuchai Kanjanamayoon from USSEC Thailand Technical Manager Aquaculture, explained nutritional value of soybean and its ingredients. He explained different methods to process soybeans and it

Chuchai Kanjanamayoon, USSEC

different ingredients. He discussed advantages and disadvantages of soybean meals; soy concentrates and soy isolates. He elaborated on the new soy product which is getting lot of attention because of its better nutritional quality “fermented soybean.

These are produced from SBM which is inoculated with fungi, bacteria, yeast or a combination of these microorganisms. Genera Aspergillus and Lactobacillus solid-state fermentation (SSF) or submerged fermentation. SBM is usually incubated at a moisture content of 45 to 50%. The wet substrate is inoculated with microorganisms and the fermentation process.

Different microorganisms secrete different enzymes and in varying quantities. Improved nutritive value and reduced levels of antinutritional factors. FSBM has crude protein and amino acid contents about 5-10 percent higher than SBM. FSBM inactivation of the allergenic proteins glycinin and -conglycinin and can potentially decrease the trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid, and saponin contents of SBM. He also explained the US soy Sustainability assurance protocol. A set of guidelines and standards developed by the United Soybean Board to promote sustainable soybean production in the United States. The principle behind the SSAP is to provide a framework for soybean farmers to adopt sustainable practices that protect the environment, promote social responsibility, and ensure economic viability.

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Conference at VIV Asia 2023

by Shannon Parsons, International PetFood, UK

Build My Feed Mill is a conference organised by Perendale with the support of VIV based on a flow chart of a typical feed mill and covers the many aspects of feed mill operations. It’s an incredible opportunity for companies that supply feed manufacturers with advanced equipment and other services to showcase and explain their most technically advanced innovations.

The Build My Feed Mill (BMFM) conference was hosted on the last day of VIV Asia 2023 on March 10. We have held this conference many times in the past with the support of VIV and VICTAM at many of their previous events, such as in 2021 at VIV MEA in Dubai and 2022 with VICTAM Asia.

One of the attendees had come to talk to us after the conference, telling us some of her thoughts, “The conference is filled with lots of interesting information. I plan to visit some of the companies that spoke soon!”

Lasting two hours, each speaker has ten minutes to present with an intended additional ten minutes at the end for the audience to ask the speakers questions. We had ten separate speakers for the conference with eleven topics covered. We greatly appreciate every speaker and company that worked with us to make Build My Feed Mill the success that it was and we thank every one of them.

We started off the conference with Dr Olaf Nahrig from Amandus Kahl and his presentation ‘Roller Mills and Expander’. We then moved onto Marco Prati from PLP Systems and his presentation ‘Liquid & Powder additives: where and how to use in the feed process’, Claus Braunbeck from Frigortec and his presentation ‘Grain Management for reliable feed milling’ and Hang (Keith) Yin from Famsun and his presentation ‘How artificial intelligence affect the feed mill’. To complete the first hour was Jonathan Zheng from Zhengchang and his presentation ‘Application of Zhengchang horizonal dryer’. The first hour was incredibly fascinating to listen to and was filled to the brim with astounding knowledge.

We move into the second hour with a double presentation from Harold Schrojen from Van Aarsen and his two presentations were ‘Conditioning: the secret behind a quality pellet’ and ‘Get a grip on grinding’. The last few speakers after Schrojen were Cornelis de Zwaan from Münch-Edelstahl GmbH with ‘New flexible container for feed pellet producing’, Harry Chiu from IDAH presenting ‘Carousel dryer’ and Dr Erfan Shahkar from Agentis Innovations with ‘Automation & digitalisation: Farm to plant’. We then end the conference with a presentation from Marty van Benthum from Triott with ‘Advantages of PTN MonoRoll pellet-mill’ which was followed by the wrap-up QnA. This second hour is just as amazing as the first with a variety of topics covered.

BMFM is always a successful conference, and I would love to announce that it was a major success once again; it was a full-house event with nearly every seat being filled. We hope to hold the Build My Feed Mill conference again in the future and if you or your company would like to participate as a speaker or to just have more information then please get in touch with us at info@perendale.co.uk.

34 | May 2023 - International Petfood

insights

Aquafeed trends in Latin America

On October 3 – 5, 2023, Victam LatAm is launched in colocation with Grapas and GEAPS in São Paulo, Brazil. This complete and unique show in Latin America forms a very attractive market place for players that are active in the aquafeed sector. Each month we have a different theme and this Victam Insights edition is focusing on aquafeed trends in Latin America.

The market is broadly categorised by type into Fish feed (Carp Feed, Salmon Feed, Tilapia Feed, Catfish Feed, and Other Feed Types), Molluscs Feed, Crustaceans Feed (Shrimp Feed, Other Crustacean Feed) and Other Aqua Feed. More detailed: aquafeed is fish feed products made from vegetarian and nonvegetarian sources including soy, wheat, pea, corn, rapeseed protein, and fish oils and is commonly available in the form of pellets. They support easy ingredient dispersion and assist in the healthy growth of fish and crustacean species.

The juvenile stage of aquatic animals requires a diet having maximum protein content for optimum growth. Aquaculture in general is highly influenced by the environment or temperature making it hard to anticipate how much raw materials are needed. There is a continuous high pressure on fish oil and fishmeal which leads us to low-marine-ingredient fish diets that are proven to be effective too. Salmon, for

instance, can be produced with nutrients coming from ingredients other than fishmeal and fish oil, without altering final product quality.

In the region, there are basically three major countries that are standing out. Chile, the largest aquafeed producer in the region, has developed a highly advanced salmon industry, both in feed technology and nutrition. It is followed by Brazil, then Ecuador, which is a leading shrimp exporter.

South American aquaculture market outlook: • • • •

The South American Aquafeed market is projected to register a CAGR of 5.2 percent during the forecast period 2020-2025.

Brazil and Chile together with 1.9 million tons of fish production are the major producers which in turn is expected to lead the South American aquaculture feed.

Ecuador had a 17 percent increase in feed tonnage in 2022, which makes it a record year for shrimp feed production.

The Latin American aquaculture production mainly relies on small farms.

36 | May 2023 - International Petfood

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•

Brazil only has more than 200 thousand freshwater fish farms, about 3000 marine shrimp farms, and about 100 aquaculture research institutions.

• The activity is diversified in the region, but the bulk production is concentrated in Nile tilapia, Tambaqui and Penaeid shrimp.

• There is a huge domestic market for edible fish and shellfish, ornamentals, bait-fish and juveniles for biomitigation.

• Aquaculture can grow using previously impacted areas, rice paddies and including benthonic species in monoculture fish ponds.

The challenge within the industry remains to develop sustainable production systems to support a perennial industry. New technologies and sustainable alternatives that can increase overall productivity and support the shift to a circular (bio)economy. The Victam latAm 2023 event will include conferences, seminars and round table sessions in parallel to the event that are organised together with key partners (such as RTRS and the University of Wageningen) including topics such as sustainability and production enhancement where you can become a key speaker on the topic yourself or simply just be there to show your latest innovations, technologies and green incentives!

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Industry Events 2023

May

3-4 Pet-Aqua Feed Production Conference Sao Paulo, Brazil www.internationalpetfood.com/event/pet-aqua-feed-productionconference/

1-3 Petfood Forum Kansas City, Missouri, USA www.petfoodforumevents.com

12-15 Petzoo Eurasia Istanbul, Turkiye, www.petfuari.com

3-4 Petcare Innovation Europe Berlin, Germany www.kisacoresearch.com

25-27 Petfair SE Asia Bangkok, Thailand www.petfair-sea.com

2024 5-6 Pet World Arabia Dubai, UAE www.petworldarabia.com/index.php 15-17 Zoomark International Bologna, Italy www.expobeds.com 19-21 PetExpo Romania Bucharest, Romania www.petexpo.ro/english/ 2023

January 30- 1 IPPE Atlanta, Georgia, USA www.ippexpo.org

2024

May 7-10 Interzoo 2024 Nuremberg, Germany www.interzoo.com

August 16-18 Pet South America Sao Paulo, Brazil www.petsa.com 16-18 Superzoo Las Vegas, USA www.superzoo.org

2023

October 2-5 VICTAM LatAm Sao Paulo, Brazil www.victamlatam.com International Petfood - May 2023 | 39

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International Aquafeed - Volume 25 - Issue 2 - February 2022

International Aquafeed - Volume 25 - Issue 3 - March 2022

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

- Screening functional feeds using cell culture approaches - Optimising aquaculture diets with methionine See our archive and language editions on your mobile!

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https://flickread.com/edition/Petfood

The Market Place lists leading manufacturers of equipment used for the production of petfood.

To be included in the Market Place please contact Tuti Tan at tutit@perendale.co.uk.

Bagging systems

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

FAWEMA +49 2263 716-0 www.fawema.com

Bulk storage Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Computer software Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

FrigorTec GmbH +49 7520 91482-0 www.frigortec.com FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Dosing

Dinnissen Process Technology +31 (0)77 467 35 55 www.dinnissen.com

Labelling Minebea Intec +44 121 779 3131 www.minebea-intec.com

Extruders Almex +31 575 572666 www.almex.nl IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

Laboratory equipment Tekpro +44 1692 403403 www.tekpro.com

Packaging

Feed milling Dinnissen Process Technology +31 (0)77 467 35 55 www.dinnissen.com

Dinnissen Process Technology +31 (0)77 467 35 55 www.dinnissen.com

Sifters PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com

vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com

Feed Mill Automation Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Inspection Minebea Intec +44 121 779 3131 www.minebea-intec.com

Coolers & driers Extru-Tech +785 284 2153 www.extru-techinc.com

Dinnissen Process Technology +31 (0)77 467 35 55 www.dinnissen.com

Equipment

Symaga +34 926640475 www.symaga.com TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com

Hammermills

Dinnissen Process Technology +31 (0)77 467 35 55 www.dinnissen.com

Weighing Minebea Intec +44 121 779 3131 www.minebea-intec.com

Yeast products Minebea Intec +44 121 779 3131 www.minebea-intec.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Elevator buckets 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Elevator & conveyor components 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com

Grain handling systems Symaga +34 926640475 www.symaga.com

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

International Petfood - May 2023 | 41

To get your company included in the market place, please contact the PetFood team on +44 1242 267700 or writes to tutit@perendale.co.uk.

the interview Betsy Flores

Senior Vice President of Public Policy, Pet Food Institute, USA

Betsy serves as the senior vice president of public policy for PFI. In her role, Betsy guides PFI’s legislative, regulatory, trade and market access strategies, as well as manages the association’s government relations and regulatory staff. Prior to joining PFI, Betsy served as the director of research and promotion programs for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), where she was responsible for directing and managing the full range of activities for oversight of six checkoff programs for the Livestock and Poultry Program. She also worked as a deputy director in the office of agricultural affairs at the United States Trade Representative, where she was involved in issues such as biotechnology, new technologies, the WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement and technical barriers to trade.

Betsy holds a master’s degree from John Hopkins University and a bachelor’s degree from the State University of West Georgia. She lives in Washington, DC, with her husband and dog. Beyond work, Flores and her husband foster dogs and kittens through the Wolf Trap Animal Rescue.

You have a rich career in the industry, what initially lead you to get into this field?

I have spent my whole career in agricultural policy, mainly in plant and animal commodity agriculture. I spend my personal time fostering dogs and cats for a local rescue organisation. When the opportunity came along to advocate for the pet food industry, it seemed like the perfect fit. Pet food’s close association with the U.S. agricultural community and pet food makers’ strong supporter of pet adoption made the decision very easy.

What in your opinion is the worst impact the pandemic had on the industry?

The biggest issue was the increase in demand for pet food due to pet owners spending more time with their pets and likely feeding more, extra food stocking and supply chain disruptions. Every node in the supply chain was impacted and this led to a lack of supply to feed the demand and empty store shelves for a while.

What are the most critical technological developments taking place in our sector in recent years from your perspective?

For PFI and pet food makers, we are continuously looking at ways to use the latest, science-based innovative ingredients in pet food. For example, sustainability is a key priority in our country, and pet food makers are looking at ways to produce pet food using nutritious and novel ingredients that use less natural resources like insect proteins.

The war in Ukraine and sanctions on Russia will have an additional impact on pet food ingredient availability in the United States. What advice would you give to those looking to solve this crisis?

The key here, I think, is to make it easier for pet food makers to substitute alternative ingredients into pet food. Currently, the process of getting new ingredients approved can take as long as five years. That is an untenable situation when a pet food company has to look at emergency ingredient substitutions due to supply chain issues and inaccessibility of an ingredient.

42 | May 2023 - International Petfood

Do you think standards of pet nutrition are met in developing countries? If no, what actions could possibly be taken by the industry in bringing a change?

The U.S. exports US$2 billion in dog and cat food to other nations annually. This is because the superior quality and safety of U.S.-made pet food is recognized worldwide.

As USDA’s Market Access Program cooperator for U.S. pet food, PFI communicates with pet owners in key emerging foreign markets about the benefits of U.S. pet food to drive demand and aid U.S. pet food exporters in entering the market. This provides the opportunity for pet owners in other countries to purchase safe nutritious, and complete and balanced pet food for their cats and dogs.

Going forward, what aspects of nutrition and production would you like to see addressed and why?

Innovation and the ability to use novel products in pet food is critical to providing the best, scientifically researched, nutritious ingredients for cats and dogs, as well as to offer more sustainable ingredients. The regulatory framework for the ingredient approval process needs to be updated so that pet food makers can provide pet owners with the latest in pet nutrition quickly.

International Petfood - May 2023 | 43

THE INDUSTRY FACES W.F Young President Jamie McKinley appointed as CEO W.F. Young, a global leader in animal health products, such as Absorbine and The Missing Link announces the appointment of Jaime McKinley as chief executive officer, in addition to her current role as president, and Vicki Evans as chief operating officer, in addition to her current role as chief financial officer.

Ms McKinley joined W.F. Young as a brand manager in 1992 and was named president in 2021. At the executive level, she has led five strategic acquisitions, two industry partnerships, the development and launch of over 25 new products, and a change to the in-office environment and culture prioritising employee health and wellness.

“On behalf of the Board, I am thrilled to announce the appointment of Jaime McKinley as W.F. Young’s next CEO,” says Jean Young, co-chairperson of W.F. Young’s Board of Directors. “A proven leader, Jaime has redefined what success looks like at W.F. Young over the last 30 years. She brings care, compassion and innovation into all that she does, making her the natural and deserving choice for this role. The Board and I look forward to working with Jaime as we continue our mission to advance animal wellness.”

In 2022, Ms McKinley won a Bronze Stevie Award in the Maverick of the Year category at the 19th annual Stevie Awards for Women in Business. She also received a 2022 CEO of the Year honour from the Katahdin Group and was named to Pet Age Magazine’s 2022 Power 50 List, while W.F. Young was named one of the Best Companies to Work For by the publication.

Amlan® International welcomes new Director of Sales for Latin America Amlan® International, the animal health business of Oil-Dri® Corporation of America and a global leader in natural, mineral-based feed additives that optimise the intestinal health of poultry and livestock, announces the appointment of Dr Robin Jarquin as its Director of Sales, LATAM. In this role, Dr Jarquin will work to advance Amlan’s development strategies and present mineral-based solutions for customers in Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Dr Jarquin will also be responsible for recruiting and hiring new industry partnerships and talent to expand operations in the LATAM market.

Dr Jarquin spent over 17 years at a major poultry production company, most recently serving as Vice President of North American Sales and Tech Services. In this role, Dr Jarquin was responsible for establishing new business partnerships and managing all commercial and technical service activities for the North American region. Previously, Dr Jarquin held positions as a microbiologist, Director of World Technical Services, and Sales Manager (CAMEX region.)

Sara Phillips of FoodScience joins National Animal Supplement Council Board of Directors The National Animal Supplement Council (NASC) Board of Directors announces that Sara J. Phillips of FoodScience, LLC has joined the NASC board.

Ms Phillips is vice president of global pet business for FoodScience, LLC, and throughout her 15 years with the company has held several management positions, driving success for all pet brands, private label, and contract manufacturing business units under the FoodScience umbrella.

Ms Phillips offers a unique perspective surrounding how a cooperative industry group like the NASC can raise the level of pet supplement household penetration in order to enable long-term, sustainable, and profitable growth for all NASC members.

A deep love of pets as well as her commitment to health and wellness contributes to Ms Phillips’ natural drive in the space of pet supplements. An active member in the athletic community, Ms Phillips’ competes in triathlons across the US, while also participating in local community races which raise money and awareness for several different community areas of need.

44 | May 2023 - International Petfood

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