DEC 2023 - International Aquafeed magazine by Perendale Publishers Ltd

International Aquafeed - Volume 26 - Issue12 - December 2023

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

St. Johns Island: Marine Aquaculture Centre - The power of nature: Premium feed additive specifically formulated to improve digestive and immune health - Nettle based feed for improved performance in Atlantic salmon - A Natural Approach to Feeding - Healthy water, happy shrimp: Best fish farm management practices

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December 2023

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WELCOME

What a year it has been! December is always a time to look back, take stock of where we are and look towards a positive year ahead.

food products to consumers. I am also pleased to report that not only is the Singapore’s Food Agency aiming to achieve a 30 percent self-sufficiency in the country’s nutritional requirement through local production by 2030, but that a key goal is to support For us at International Aquafeed I am pleased fish farmers through improving genetics, to say that we have only missed one or two key Roger Gilbert survivability of fish stocks and better FCRs events and conferences; a good record I’m sure Publisher – International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology from fish feeds and the ingredients being used. given the carryover impact from Covid days This work is being done through its research and the need by everyone to re-establish their and development centre carried out at the Marine Aquaculture key activities not only in the commercial aspects of fish farming Centre on St John’s Island just to the south of Singapore itself. but also in the research and development work our industry is We report on these events in this edition along with a range of noted for. interesting feature to round out the year. We start off our features Every industry is addressing its carbon footprint - what carbon with an article from Catalysis about their feed additive that is it produces and what carbon is ‘bought in’ and that ‘passed on’ specifically formulated to improve digestive and immune health in through standard Scope 1, 2 and 3 evaluations. fish, see page 23. We have another interesting feature on the use of The airline industry, for example, has come together to develop nettle in salmon feed and its promising results on page 26. We have sustainable aviation fuels, which includes ethanol to lower its also reported on our visit to World Feeds and discusses how the stand impact on the environment and Virgin Atlantic completed the first ever flight across the Atlantic using recycled cooking oils and other out in the industry in terms of feed quality, see page 32. Our Fish Farming Technology ‘magazine’ starts on page 39 and this month waste as an SAF on November 28, 2023. includes a feature of ‘Best fish farm management practises’ (page Our industry has to follow this lead. 40) followed by our Technology Showcase. Additionally we were Aquaculture is not exempt from having to carry out evaluations and find ways to minimise its impact both in carbon production and fortunate to attend Global Aqua Days 2023 in September and we talk about this event in detail on page 52. in sustainability in the use of bought-in materials and equipment While we all believe aquaculture may well make an even more with awareness off the follow on carbon production from significant contribution to human health in the future across downstream processing and delivery to market. all strata’s of society, we should not overlook where our future How many of our feed producing companies and our fish farming raw materials for our aquafeed will come from. That is an often operations are carrying out these evaluations? We would like to overlooked aspect of not just our aqua food species but all our start 2024 looking more closely at this challenge on behalf of the land-based, domesticated livestock as well. industry. Responding to environmental challenges which will impact Already companies such as dsm—firmenich are addressing the different geographical regions differently, an expanding population issue and in 2023 the subject of environmental impact from food again impacting countries differently and protein food supply production was a central theme at its World Nutrition Forum held which is being and will be produced differently in different in Cancun in May that addressed all aspects of nutrition and feed cultures. These three aspects of life on earth cannot be separated requirements of livestock and aqua species and the company from each other. We as an industry must be aware of their addressed the same topic again in Vienna, Austria at its inherited and very successful Global Aqua Days 2023 that took place in mid- interdependency and begin to acknowledge all three together when debating any one of them. September. It was particularly timely as the following week the It remains for me to wish all our readers, writers, advertisers, European Aquaculture Society held its annual conference and expo translators and staff a Merry Christmas and a Prosperous New in the city with an extra special social program that will be long Year. remembered by those who were able to attend. On a more serious note Ivo Lansbergen, president of dsm—firmenich’s Animal Nutrition & Health Division (see my interview with Ivo here: https://millingandgrain. com/world-nutrition-forum2023-interview-with-ivolansbergen/) is challenging industry to establish its carbon credentials so that it is in a position to make logical and meaningful changes that will begin to mitigate carbon production in the growing, processing and delivery of fish and aquatic Get our 2023 back issues for free by visiting www.aquafeed.co.uk/subscription and using code HNY2023

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NUTRITION & HEALTH freshwater bodies of Eastern Europe, As we arrive in December 2023, we making it a practical and accessible celebrate the seasonal atmosphere choice for Christmas Eve meals. Carp embracing Christmas and the New Year. are relatively easy to breed and rear, Aquaculture and our interests in aquafeed, and their affordability made them an nutrition and feed technology plays an attractive option for families, especially increasing part in our feasting and indeed during times when other meat sources our iconic Christmas lunches and dinners if were scarce or expensive. Carp farming we consider such aquatic derived protein. Traditionally, turkey is a more popular Professor Simon Davies often involves providing them with a suitable habitat, proper nutrition, and choice for Christmas dinners in many Nutrition Editor, International Aquafeed managing water quality. Various carp Western countries, including the United species are farmed, with common and mirror carp being one States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. However, food of the most popular. In Poland, especially around Christmas, preferences can vary widely, and some people may choose carp sales typically increase significantly. Markets and grocery alternatives to turkey for various reasons, including personal taste, dietary restrictions, or cultural preferences. While salmon stores often feature live carp during the holiday season. Many families prefer to buy live carp a few days before Christmas is not as commonly associated with Christmas as turkey, it can to ensure freshness. The marketing of carp during Christmas still be a popular and flavourful option for those looking to often emphasizes its cultural and traditional significance. Carp diversify their holiday menu. It is being widely advertised by may be marketed as a symbol of prosperity and good luck. leading retailers as either a main course or part of the dinner Some sellers offer services like cleaning and preparing the fish menu. for customers. While carp remains a popular Christmas dish Salmon can be prepared in various ways, such as baked, in Eastern Europe, including Poland, it’s important to note grilled, smoked, or even served raw as sushi or sashimi. that food traditions are dynamic and can evolve over time. Of course, salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are Nevertheless, the tradition of serving carp during the holiday beneficial for cardiovascular health. It is also a good source season continues to be deeply ingrained in the cultural fabric of of protein, vitamins, and minerals (this is due into our highEastern European communities. quality feeds containing a spectrum of key nutrients for fish, In Iceland and Norway, as well as in many other Nordic including EPA and DHA long chain fatty acids). Salmon countries, it’s common to have fish, especially cod, as part of generally cooks faster than a whole turkey, making it a convenient option for those looking to save time in the kitchen. the Christmas dinner. Cod is a popular and traditional choice for festive meals, often served on Christmas Eve. Here are a Salmon can be presented in a visually appealing and colourful way (the presence of astaxanthin), making it suitable for festive few reasons why cod is a popular alternative to turkey in these regions. Norway and Iceland have a rich maritime tradition, occasions. It has a distinctive and delicious flavour, and it can and their proximity to the North Atlantic Ocean provides an be paired with a variety of herbs, spices, and sauces to satisfy abundant supply of fish, including cod. The availability of different taste profiles. In fact, more people prefer farmed fresh and high-quality fish makes it a natural choice for special salmon (Atlantic salmon) as the diets given are more uniform occasions. In Nordic countries, the tradition of serving fish for and higher in oils than wild Pacific salmon that often tend to Christmas or around the New year dates back centuries and be drier in texture. Our aquafeed industry strives to continually to the Viking times. Fish, including cod, was historically a improve salmon feeds to maintain progress in our production crucial part of the diet in these regions, and this tradition has of this iconic and lucrative species. persisted over time. Similar to the historical Catholic tradition While it’s challenging to provide specific statistics on the of abstaining from meat on certain days, the Nordic countries number of people who choose salmon over turkey for have a tradition of serving fish on Christmas Eve, which is Christmas, alternative holiday meals, including salmon, have considered a day of fasting leading up to the festive Christmas gained popularity in recent years. Factors such as changing Day meal. Cod is a versatile fish that can be prepared in dietary preferences, cultural influences, and a desire for more various ways, including baking, poaching, or pan-frying. It can diverse and unique holiday meals contribute to the growing be served with a variety of side dishes and sauces, allowing for interest in options beyond the traditional turkey dinner. The diverse and flavourful meals. popularity of different holiday dishes can also vary by region Of course, on the other side of the world in Australia it will and individual preferences. If not salmon, then many other be most likely shrimp on the barbecue, farm raised shrimp of species of fish both freshwater and marine are available these course, and here too our knowledge of fish nutrition, feeding days. and the specialised technology will bring a very different style Carp became popular for Christmas Eve dinners in Poland of Christmas dinner. due to historical religious practices. According to Catholic Wherever you are, seasonal greetings and enjoy the holiday tradition, Christmas Eve was a day of fasting, and the and New Year celebrations. Please catch up with the latest consumption of meat was traditionally avoided. However, news, features and articles concerning fish, shrimp nutrition fish was allowed, leading to the prominence of fish dishes in and health developments. Christmas Eve celebrations. Carp was readily available in the 4 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY The same naivety is found again in the There seems to be an upsurge in interest discussion of the possibilities for developing for aquaculture at the moment. I find a seaweed and kelp industry. In 2022, articles in daily newspapers as well as Australia produced seaweed to a value of in the industry press about how this AUD 3 million, but it was believed that it sector will grow and become an even would be possible to grow this industry to more important supplier of food for the AUD 100 million by 2025 and further to growing population. I have stumbled AUD 1.5 billion by 2040. across national aquaculture strategies In the national aquaculture strategy, in a number of countries. In the United considerable emphasis is placed on the States, the National Oceanographic and Erik Hempel development of the industry in the northern Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) The Nor-Fishing Foundation areas of the country, particularly tropical a couple of years ago published its areas in Queensland. In light of the development, we have had Aquaculture Strategic Plan. In Australia, the Department of since then, in the period 2016 to 2021, this may seem both strange Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry published their strategy already in 2017. African countries are announcing their intensions and natural, because production growth has been strongest in the south, in Tasmania. to prioritise this sector. In contrast to this optimistic statement of objectives, Australia’s Common to most of the plans I have read is the unbridled optimism they all exude, and the naivety that permeate them. Very Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry is not particularly optimistic in its forecasts for the rest of the 2020s. few, if any, are aware of the difficulties that face them in this task For the most part, they have settled on a line of stagnation, of creating a brand-new industry, or the money it takes. despite the fact that some believe in the emergence of a new and As a Norwegian, I have watched the development of the Norwegian aquaculture sector over the past 40 years. At first from important industry. The Department of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry (DAFF) afar (since I was living in Asia in the early 1980s), and lately does not seem to have much faith that the goals set in the national from close quarters. I have also read the plans that Norwegian aquaculture strategy will be reached by 2027. In the publication authorities have made for the further development of the industry. Australian fisheries and aquaculture outlook to 2027-28, the But it struck me that in the beginning, in the 1960s and 1970s, department presents a number of forecasts for export development when modern fish farming was starting up in Norway, there were until 2027-28. These are not bright. DAFF expects stagnation or no plans. In fact, people engaging in fish farming were to some even decline. extent regarded with great skepticism. It was only after they My conclusion about aquaculture development plans is pretty succeeded, and made mountains of money, that we all took notice simple: they cannot be made by bureaucrats sitting behind their of them. Only then did the authorities starting to make plans. desks thinking nice thoughts about what would be nice to achieve. So, what are the most common pitfalls? I would like to point As in everything else, one has to follow the money. to a few: over-optimism, unrealistic expectations, overFor example, development of small-scale, community-based bureaucratisation, blind faith in technology, lack of understanding aquaculture in developing countries is something a lot of foreign of technology, under-capitalisation, and so on. aid bureaucrats dream about. But it is usually (nearly always) Recently, I studied the state of Australian aquaculture, and the unsuccessful. For a simple reason: it expects people in the plans the Australian government has for its further development. And I found plenty of pitfalls in the official documents that I read. community to work on the project throughout the year, but there is only one harvest period, and that’s when everybody gets paid. It is envisaged that growth will come mainly in three areas: But people in the community cannot afford to be paid only once offshore production (salmon and other marine fish, oysters and in a year. They need money every day. seaweed and kelp), development of a seaweed and kelp industry, One tends to forget that any business undertaking, including and increased production in the country’s northern, tropical areas aquaculture, needs to be profitable. There is a lot of talk about (shrimp and barramundi). sustainability. In fact, all of the development plans I have studied, When it comes to offshore production, it seems that the have focused on sustainability. But they focus on environmental authorities have a rather naive belief in how this can be achieved. sustainability, biological sustainability, even social sustainability, In a statement from the Fisheries Research and Development and they forget the economic sustainability. The simple fact is Corporation it is stated that “Australia can start an offshore there can be no sustainability - environmental, not biological, not fish farming industry within a couple of years, when laws and social - without economic sustainability. And that means that the regulations are established, when the physical conditions are undertaking needs to turn a profit. Quickly and consistently. explored, and a suitable technology is identified”.

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

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Perendale Publishers Ltd 7 St George’s Terrace St James’ Square, Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 1242 267700 Publisher Roger Gilbert rogerg@perendale.co.uk Managing Editor Joy (Jyothsna) Nelloolichalil joyn@perendale.co.uk

December 2023 Volume 26 Issue 12

IN THIS ISSUE

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

International Editors Dr Kangsen Mai (Chinese edition) mai@perendale.com Prof Antonio Garza (Spanish edition) antoniog@perendale.com Erik Hempel (Norwegian edition) erikh@perendale.com Editorial Advisory Panel - Dr Abdel- Fattah M. El- Sayed - Dr Alessio Bonaldo - Dr Allen Wu - Prof Charles Bai - Dr Daniel Merrifield - Dr Domique Bureau - Dr Elisabete Matos - Dr Eric De-Muylder - Dr Noor Khan - Dr Pedro Encarnacao

REGULAR ITEMS 8

Industry News

44 Technology showcase

Editorial team Prof Simon Davies sjdaquafeed@gmail.com

48 Industry Events 60 The Market Place

Shannon Parsons shannonp@perendale.co.uk

64 The Aquafeed Interview 66

Niamh Cassidy niamhc@perendale.co.uk

Industry Faces

International Marketing Team Darren Parris Tel: +44 7854 436407 darrenp@perendale.co.uk Costa Skotidas +44 7826 545952 costas@perendale.co.uk Latin America Marketing Team Cristina María Roldán Otero Tel: +44 1242 267700 cristinaperendale@gmail.com Egyptian Marketing Team Mohamed Baromh Tel: +20 100 358 3839 mohamedb@perendale.com India Marketing Team Dr T.D. Babu +91 9884114721 tdbabu@aquafeed.org Asia Marketing Team Dante Feng Tel: +886 0227930286 dantef@perendale.com Nigeria Marketing Team Nathan Nwosu Tel: +234 8132 478092 nathann@perendale.com

The Aquaculture case study

Bolstering the long-term viability of sea urchins

Digital community manager David Harvey davidh@perendale.co.uk Design Manager James Taylor jamest@perendale.co.uk Circulation & Events Manager Tuti Tan Tel: +44 1242 267706 tutit@perendale.co.uk Development Manager Antoine Tanguy antoinet@perendale.co.uk Aquafeed Journal journal@perendale.co.uk

©Copyright 2020 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com ISSN 1464-0058

COLUMNS 3 Roger Gilbert

4 Professor Simon Davies 5

Erik Hempel

17 Brett Glencross

FEATURES 22 The power of nature: Premium feed additive specifically formulated to improve digestive and immune health 26 Nettle based feed for improved performance in Atlantic salmon

32 Tailoring the process to meet the needs of the fish: World Feeds at its best 36 A Natural Approach to Feeding

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY 40 Healthy water, happy shrimp: Best fish farm management practices

THE BIG PICTURE Alltech Coppens awarded prestigious EcoVadis gold medal See more on page 12

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Signs of optimism ahead of global seafood production for 2024

ccording to a recent Rabobank report, industry responses from the annual seafood production survey it conducted in partnership with the Global Seafood Alliance suggest a more optimistic production outlook for 2024 compared to 2023. Global shrimp production is forecast to recover in 2024, albeit at a lower rate than the ten-year historical average. The survey results forecast year-on-year shrimp production growth of 4.8 percent in 2024, surpassing 2022’s peak volumes, after an expected modest decline of 0.4 percent in 2023. In Ecuador, production growth is expected to decelerate in 2024. “While continued growth is anticipated, milder expectations may be a result of El Niño-related uncertainty, as potential strong El Niño conditions pose downside risks due to heavy rains, which an increase flooding risks and potentially damage the infrastructure of ponds in Ecuador,” explains Novel Sharma, Analyst – Seafood at Rabobank. There is optimism for Asian shrimp production, with survey respondents forecasting a potential recovery of four percent in 2024, following the region’s first decline in a decade in 2023. “This will depend on prices improving in 2024 after the continuous downward trend in 2023, which made the majority of the industry unprofitable,” notes Sharma. Likewise, production in India and Vietnam are set to recover in 2024, following sharp contractions in 2023. Whether both regions achieve their forecast production growth in 2024 will depend on demand improvement in the US and Europe and prices recovering sufficiently to incentivise farmers to increase stoking of ponds. Similarly, optimism abounds for major farmed species, with salmon, tilapia, pangasius, sea bream, and sea bass all expected to grow through El Niño poses potential downside risks for some species and regions. After two consecutive years of weak global production growth, global Atlantic salmon production reached an inflection point in Q3 2023. Provided there are no unforeseen biological issues

or events, global production is expected to grow by 4.3 percent and 3.9 percent, respectively, in 2024 and 2025, led by Norway. However, uncertainties remain around Chile’s potential volume growth over the next few years due to new legislation and biological issues. It is unlikely that production volumes will eclipse 2020 levels before 2025. Additionally, there are potential downside risks heading into 2024, as higher temperatures due to El Niño conditions may lead to higher incidences of algal blooms, causing an increase in moralities. However, the industry is better equipped to deal with potential downsides now than it was during the last El Niño event. After a pause in 2020, global tilapia production began gradually recovering and is expected to grow by 5.3 percent year-on-year in 2023 – eclipsing 2019 volumes. Strong growth is anticipated in Asia, particularly in Indonesia, though China is expected to maintain its position as the top tilapia producer in the near term. However, if consumers continue to favour premium species, farmers could change the species they produce, potentially decelerating tilapia production growth. The survey also asked industry experts about their concerns for the coming year. Market prices topped the list, as uncertainties remain about the effects of persistent inflation and the recovery of seafood demand. Elevated costs and stagnating household disposable incomes remain challenges for consumers across major markets. Consumers may look to trade down, either within the seafood category or to lower-priced protein options.

8 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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Blue Aqua and SCD Probiotics partner to build manufacturing plant in Singapore

News

lue Aqua International, a Singapore-based aquaculture farming technology and farm care manufacturing company, and SCD Probiotics, a global leader in probiotic solutions, have announced a joint venture to build a manufacturing plant in Singapore. With a focus on probiotics and enzymes tailored to aquaculture and water treatment, the plant will produce and distribute tailored to aquaculture and water treatment, the plant will produce and distribute sustainable and natural microbial biochemical solutions for the global aquaculture market. Dr Farshad Shishehchian, CEO and founder of Blue Aqua, expressed his excitement about the partnership. “We are thrilled to collaborate with SCD Probiotics to establish a world-class manufacturing facility in Singapore. This partnership positions us to provide top-notch probiotics and enzymes to meet the surging global demand, in addition to expanding our portfolio to include SCD Probiotics products for aquaculture.” Matt Wood, founder, and CEO of SCD Probiotics, shares in the excitement, “Our mission at SCD Probiotics is to reduce chemical and antibiotic use, worldwide, by replacing these was beneficial, probiotic technologies. Partnering with Dr Shishehchian and Blue Aqua, we can make a significant impact in the region and provide probiotic alternatives to farmers that benefit both the health of aquatic life and the health of the eco-system.”

The Blue Aqua International and SCD Probiotics partnership marks a significant milestone for both organisations and signifies a substantial step forward in the advancement of sustainable aquaculture practices worldwide. The manufacturing facility is anticipated to commence operations in early 2025, with a resolute commitment to ongoing research and development, ensuring the continuous enhancement of probiotic and enzyme solutions across diverse applications.

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www.adisseo.com International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 9

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SAIC to deliver funding boost for aquaculture research in 2024

he Sustainable Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC) is supporting further research into fish health and wellbeing initiatives in 2024, with seven successful projects set to benefit from its most recent funding call. With a combined total value of more than £860,000, the funded research and development (R&D) projects have secured over £300,000 from SAIC with additional support being provided by commercial partners. Research will kick off in early January, or before, with each group targeting a summer completion date. Included among the successful initiatives are projects focused on gill health in Atlantic salmon, parasite management, cleaner fish health and welfare, and managing or preventing disease through immunisation and vaccinations. A number of the projects selected for funding are extensions of previous research supported by SAIC, with teams applying for a funding boost to take concepts to the next stage.

The Aquafeed Journal Peer Reviewed articles

The innovation centre’s team of experts as well as its Independent Scientific Panel assessed the seven applications and all were found to match the criteria for its defined priorities around finish health and welfare. Earlier this year, SAIC announced it had reached the milestone of 100 funded aquaculture innovation projects, with the combined value of the work to date reaching nearly £71 million and involving 92 project partners from academia and the sector. Heather Jones CEO of SAIC, said: “Continued improvements in finish health will underpin the sector’s sustainable future, make a big difference to the survivability and wellbeing of fish and help seafood producers to provide a nutritious protein source that will feed generations to come. “We are pleased to be supporting further collaborating that could see a range of research concepts translated into a commercial reality. Scotland has a great deal of expertise and experience in aquaculture and in connecting those with our world-class research institutions, we can make positive changes to ways of working across the sector that can pave the way for a more environmentally friendly and economically impactful future for finfish farming.”

Aquafeed Journal is a new online publication by Perendale Publishers Ltd, United Kingdom, with a distinguished track record of technical and trade magazines in the agricultural and aquaculture sectors. This new peer-reviewed scientific journal will serve academia and the commercial aquaculture industry with high-quality papers relating to aquafeed science and technology for different species of farmed fish and crustaceans. It is envisaged to address fundamental nutritional requirements for effective and optimal production and applications to advanced feed formulations. This will include

Find out more at:

www.aquafeed.co.uk

essential amino acids, proteins and energy sources as well as key vitamins and minerals pertaining to fish and shrimp growth, feed efficiency and health.

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he challenge of incorporating an expensive novel ingredient into a fish or shrimp diet, despite it having positive sustainability credentials, is not an easy one. The success lies with sharing the responsibility within the whole feed-to-food chain. The use of insects in aqua feeds represents a positive opportunity for multiple stakeholders within this value chain, and for the future of the aquaculture industry. Some of the insect industry’s key challenges is successfully entering the aquaculture market are small volume availabilities and unfavourable market economics of replacing a high protein ingredient such as fish meal or soy protein concentrate with a more expensive insect protein. Back in 2018, Skretting scoured the start-up world and initiated discussions with more than 40 producers of insect ingredients from all over the world. Through collaborations with research providers and their own in-house research and development facilities, they tested the performance of products from several companies in key commercial species. results were varied, which was not unexpected, since the insect industry’s activities towards applying their novel ingredients for use in aquaculture feed were still in their infancy. Skretting continued to work with, and provide insight to, insect start-up companies to help support their commercial success. Fast forward to today, and the use of insects as a feed ingredient has been successfully implemented in commercial Skretting feed.

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Insect meal in commercial Skretting feed

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Skretting Ecuador is currently using locally-sourced insect flour in their fish and shrimp diets. They have also worked with international supplier Prolix to include 70 tonnes of insect flour made from black soldier fly larvae in feed for a major client. This sustainable shrimp will be imported by Dutch Klaas Paul’s suppliers in Latin America to commercialise the shrimp for Dutch supermarket chain Albert Heijn. Over the Skretting China, approximately 300 tonnes of insect meals have been used in their feeds since 2022. They have seen the demand for these ingredients grow at a rapid rate, with black soldier fly meal in particular demonstrating excellent conversion efficiency and performance. “At our Zhuhai factory, black soldier flies have become an important shrimp feed component. From a raw material perspective, black soldier fly meal contains about 36 percent crude protein and up to 35 percent high-quality fat. Also, the antibacterial peptides and chitin contained in this ingredient can improve animal health, while its unique flavour has proved very attractive to farmed species. Furthermore, for every tonne of shrimp feed produced, the use of insect meal helps reduce the use of fishmeal by 20kg and fish oil by 10kg,” says Stephen Chen, Technical Marketing Director, Skretting China. To optimise biosecurity, the black soldier fly utilised by Skretting China are intensively-produced in a fullycontrolled environment. Through strict control of these raw materials and also the meal ingredients, they are able to ensure each and every feed pellet containing insect meal is safe.

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 11

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05/08/2022

5:21 pm

Alltech Coppens awarded prestigious EcoVadis gold medal

lltech Coppens, a global specialist in developing, producing and marketing fish feed and nutrition solutions, has been awarded a gold medal from ExoVadis – putting them in the top seven percent of sustainable companies globally. The EcoVadis gold medal is a testament to Alltech Coppens’s dedication to sustainability across its entire value chain. The company has implemented robust initiatives to reduce its environmental impact, promote fair labour practices and foster ethical business conduct. “In today’s environment of challenge and change, it is wonderful to have received an EcoVadis gold medal as evidence to our ongoing commitment to the journey that is sustainability,” said Tara McCarthy, global vice

12 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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president of ESG at Alltech. “This external endorsement from the EcoVadis team, renowned for their rigour and high standards, is a testament to the robust progress and dedication of our teams as we work together for a Planet of Plenty.” EcoVadis, a globally recognised sustainability ratings platform, assess companies based on their environmental, social and ethical performance. Backed by a powerful technology platform and a global team of over 1000 experts, EcoVadis assess companies on environmental, social and ethical performance in over 200 purchasing categories and 175 countries. “EcoVadis is one of the world’s most trusted business sustainability ratings,” said Ronald Faber, CEO and global aqua lead at Alltech Coppens. “EcoVadis helps Alltech Coppens to manage our ESG risk and compliance, meet our sustainability goals and drive impact at scale by guiding the sustainability performance improvement of our company and our value chain.”

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Yield10 Bioscience and BioMar aim to grow fish oil on land

ield10 Bioscience, Inc, an agricultural bioscience company, today announced that it signed a non-binding Letter of Intent (LOI) with BioMar Group, a global aquafeed producer, to form a partnership to commercialize Camelina engineered to produce omega-3 oil for use as a high-quality supplement to the scarce supply of marine long-chain fatty acids used in aquafeed. Producing omega-3 oil in Camelina represents a land-based way to make this key aquafeed ingredient. These new Omega-3 Camelina products contain EPA Temperature and DHA at levels comparable to many of the marine oil sources utilised today. It is ideally designed for the needs Adapted of the aquaculture industry and is a complementary fit TM Feeds into the BioMar Omega Technology concept together with other sources of essential omega-3s. BioMar has been actively involved with the Rothamsted Omega-3 Camelina development effort since its inception in 2013 and has conducted many of the salmon trials published by the Rothamsted research team. BioMar is focused on developing innovative and sustainable nutritional solutions that positively impact the needs of seafood producers. Temperature “We believe that Yield10Omega-3 Camelina technology Adapted represents a potentially excellent solution for producing

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crop omega-3 oils at a commercial scale. Reliable and scalable sources of EPA and DHA are critical for Aquafeeds to ensure the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. We look forward to working together with the Yield10 team to make this product a commercial success,” stated Carlos Diaz, CEO BioMar Group. “A partnership with BioMar has the potential to combine the strengths of both companies for the accelerated development of Camelina produced omega-3 oils. We look forward to working closely with BioMar to develop a collaborative program to bring this new source of highquality EPA and EPA+DHA omega-3 oils to the market to strive to meet the aquaculture industry’s growth demand and sustainability goals,” said Oliver Peoples, PhD President and CEO, Yield10 Bioscience. Over the next year, Yield10 expects to scale-up planted acres of Camelia to supply BioMar with oil for formulation and testing while also working towards securing regulatory approval for commercial production of Omega-3 Camelina oil and meal in the targeted production geographies. Yield10 and BioMar believe that the Omega-3 Camelina technology will play an important role in the future omega-3 market, enabling access to key nutrients from sustainable sources and paving the way for future growth within the aquaculture industry.

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14 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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Animal proteins and fats as sustainable feed materials

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16 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Brett Glencross

Tracking where our next seafood meal comes from

R OU N

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ast month I had the good fortune to attend the IFFO annual conference held in beautiful Cape Town, South Africa. Over the three days of the annual conference, we heard many presenters talk about supply and demand dynamics of the sector, with a range of nuanced presentations on critical issues affecting the global trade of protein meals and oils. One of the talks that captured my attention was one on traceability, and how we actually define where something comes from and why that is important. Dr Wesley Malcorps of University of Stirling’s Institute of Aquaculture presented the talk and explained why things such as key data elements (KDEs) and critical tracking events (CTEs) important pieces of information in the traceability story are, and why they matter. KDEs are those ‘things’ that we monitor or record, pieces of information about something. Whereas CTEs are more about ‘who’ did something to the ‘thing’. CTEs assign responsibility for data capture. But a key aspect of traceability is good record keeping so you can maintain control over important data. For the most part, Dr Malcorps mentioned that “this data is isolated and generally hard to utilise” but was quick to point out that to increase traceability and supply chain efficiency, the use of a shared network along the supply chain offers much in the way forward. A key reason for this traceability is to enable the verification of claims on things like what kind of fish a product is, where it

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came from and more and more of lately, what its sustainability credentials are. He pointed out that a key thing about sustainability is understanding the trade-offs between different types of impacts. For example, while we might be able to ensure a batch of fishmeal comes from a certified source, as well as understanding how it is produced, and this can help us make a realistic impact assessment, on things such as carbon, water, and land use footprints. He also importantly noted that sustainability is not just about the environment. But in fact, includes various other elements, such as social and economic indicators as well. Impact he noted was also dependent on location and context, so sustainability ends up being a story about tradeoffs, about balancing the socio-economic and environmental aspects of something. While the story of balancing the socioeconomic and environmental aspects remains important, it is crucial to consider that the seafood industry has worked hard on its sustainability credentials. But Dr Malcorps added “claiming seafood is now ‘sustainable’ risks limiting further improvements” and it should be considered that “sustainability is a journey, not an end point”. But, traceability, and why understanding where something comes from, will always remain a big part of that “improvement journey”. Traceability cannot be done alone: everyone is already involved in providing data on the one hand and collecting data on the other hand. It is now the case of managing the data with a common language.

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International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 17

Research closes the loop on aquaculture waste

novel chemical-free approach to treating aquaculture waste could see co-products returned to the sector to fuel the growth of ocean life such as marine worms and seaweed. Led by researchers at the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), with funding support from the Sustainable Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC), the initiative could open up a new avenue for seafood producers to deal with waste in a more circular way. Scottish Sea Farms, water technology supplier Power and Water, and waste services company Tradebe are also supporting the research. While most waste from aquaculture is already recycled, the results of this study could see byproducts being repurposed within the farmed salmon sector, including as a protein-rich feed ingredient. Water treatment equipment designed and supplied by Power and Water will be use at Scottish Sea Farms’ Barcaldine Hatchery near Oban for the duration of the project. Using an electrochemical process and ultrasound technology, it will first extract excess water from waste matter before the remaining nutrient-rich material is fed to marine worms – or polychaete – to boost their growth. A second stage of the research involves assessing the nutritional profile of the worms, including protein and fatty acids, to gauge their sustainability as an aquaculture feed ingredient. Polychaetes are already used in seafood production as a key feed source for shrimp at the breeding stage, and other studies have explored their role in terrestrial animals’ diets. The remaining wastewater will then be filtered further using natural seaweed to absorb any nitrogen and phosphorous. Dr Georgina Robinson, lead researcher and UKRI Future Leaders Fellow at SAMS, said: “Aquaculture waste is not typically considered as valuable as co-products from other sectors, but there are a range of opportunities to be explored that could change that attitude. By taking a circular approach, we can use the co-products to aid the

Dr Georgina Robinson, lead researcher and UKRI Future Leaders Fellow at SAMS,

growth of other organisms that will, in turn, benefit the sector as a sustainable feed ingredient. This is the first time the water treatment system has been used for freshwater waste and the results of the project could show huge potential for it to be adopted more widely.” The final stage of the research includes an assessment of the environmental impact and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, with the new approach compared to existing methods of waste disposal. Currently, liquid aquaculture waste is transported and spread to land in rural locations after treatment.

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18 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Irida acquires the majority of shareholding of Galaxidi Marine Farm

rida, the leading fish feed manufacturing company in Greece, has acquired 83.5 percent of Galaxidi Marine Farm, one of the largest and most important Greek Aquaculture companies. Galaxidi is well known for the high-quality fish which it produces and exports to the European markets. Many of their farms are ASC (Aquaculture Stewardship Council) certified as well as a proportion of its production is certified as organic according to the EU legislation. Galaxidi’s wholly owned fish farms are located in the Corinthian gulf which is well known for its crystal-clear waters and in L’Ametlla Spain in an open sea, brand new farm. Total production of Galaxidi exceeds 15,500 tonnes of fish, of which 13,500 tonnes are produced in Greece and 2000 tonnes in Spain, while annual turnover exceeds EU€80 million. Irida owns two modern fish feed factories, producing over 120,000 tonnes of feeds with an annual turnover of EU€180 million, supplying the Greek and other Mediterranean markets. Currently, exports exceeded 35 percent of total sales. Irida has recently made significant investments in pioneering projects. This includes acquiring a majority stake in Aquatic Biologicals, a university spin-off specialising in autogenous vaccines and phage therapy. Additionally, Irida has acquired Vetcare, through which it provides products and services for health management to aquaculture industry. With this acquisition of Galaxidi, Irida demonstrates once again its full commitment to Mediterranean Aquaculture and its future, as well as its endeavour to seek for synergies across the whole production chain which can further be enhanced through innovation.

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International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 19

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Coastal BC First Nations release new plan for in-ocean salmon farming

oastal First Nations from British Columbia went to Parliament Hill recently to release a new, positive plan for modern, sustainable, in-ocean salmon farming in their traditional territories. The Coalition of First Nations for Finfish Stewardship (FNFFS) has developed a Nations-led, science-backed and industry supported plan for salmon aquaculture that is responsible, realistic, and achievable, and will drive the following five outcomes for their rural communities which are wild salmon revitalisation, economic reconciliation, an indigenous-led blue economy, social and ecological wellbeing for their territories and communities, food security and affordability for their communities and all Canadians. “As conservationists, our coastal Nations have travelled thousands of kilometres to Parliament Hill to present a solution to what’s been a divisive issue in BC: a real, achievable plan for salmon farming that enables our remote communities to continue to thrive socially, economically and culturally while working to revitalise wild salmon,” says Dallas Smith, spokesperson for the Coalition. “We have proven we can be both salmon stewards and salmon farmers in our sovereign territories, and by asserting our rights and title with this comprehensive plan, we fully intend to lead this process to achieve what’s best for our communities,” Smith adds. Nations that participate in the Coalition span from western and central Vancouver Island to BC’s central coast. They have been working alongside the Department of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard (DFO) and the Province of British Columbia to develop a framework for the modernisation of salmon farming in the traditional waters. The plan announced today ensures that the future of salmon farming in BC is led by the Nations in whose territories the farms operate, while retaining good,

Stolt Sea Farm begins work on major expansion of flatfish hatchery

tolt Sea Farm commenced work to expand its sole hatchery in Galicia, Spain by end of November. The facility in Cervo, already the world’s largest flatfish hatchery, will allow the company to fulfil much of its planned production growth for the coming years. Stolt Sea Farm (SSF) announced its plans to expand its hatchery operations in August 2023. The work follows the recently completed expansion of its sole broomstick facilities and is a key step in the company’s production growth plan. In the last three years, SSF has doubled its annual production capacity for sole to 1700 tonnes and the upgraded hatchery will support its plans to double capacity again in the next three years, ensuring SSF is on track to reach its overall annual production target of 23,000 tonnes

sustainable, year-round jobs and building economic and scientific capacity in Indigenous communities. It also integrates the vision for a new Indigenous Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences (iCAHS) based in Campbell River, BC. “Because of thee work and dignity that comes with the salmon farming industry, we have had no suicides in my community of Klemtu for the past 18 years. Think about that,” says Isaiah Robinson, Deputy Chief Councillor for Kitasoo Xai’xais nation, located 800km north of Vancouver, on the Central Coast. “My community now has 99 percent employment and 51 percent of our income comes from the salmon farming sector. It makes no sense to shut it down. There is no industry that can fill that space.” With 40 percent of the fish farms in BC closed in recent years, nearly 400 jobs have already been lost, small businesses have been impacted, and food bank lines are longer in communities like Port Hardy on Northern Vancouver Island. Considering the impact on remote communities, any further decision-making regarding the future of the sector must be done so with Rightsholder Nations at the table, and with their communities top of mind, says Smith. “With new technology and best practices, and the guardianship and monitoring of our Nations, the salmon farming industry is even more modern than it was 10 or even 5 years ago. Salmon farmers have innovated far more quickly than any other industry I work with, and a our request,” adds Smith, “But our Nations want to keep working with the industry to truly elevate the potential of our rich marine spaces. To do that, we need the government to also partner with us sit together at the table to implement this plan for modern, sustainable, in-ocean salmon farming that provides a realistic solution for our Nations.” “If Canada is going to walk the talk on true reconciliation, I think every Canadian would agree that the future of modern salmon farming in BC must be shaped by the coastal First Nations in whose territories the farms are located.” of turbot and sole by 2035. President of Stolt Sea Farm, Jordi Trias, said: “This is a date that will forever remain in our memory; it is a truly special moment for us all at Stolt Sea Farm. Expanding broodstock and hatchery capacity for sole is an essential milestone in our quest to continue as a leading producer of this species. It also demonstrates the confidence we have in the strength of our business and our commitment to satisfy our customers’ demand for high-quality, sustainable sole. “I am extremely proud of the team that has worked hard to achieve this milestone. I’m convinced that the execution period ahead of us will be delivered with both passion and excellence, as is everything our people do at Stolt Sea Farm to ensure future generations continue to enjoy wonderful seafood.” SSF’s Cervo facility is already a leader in sustainable turbot and sole production using pioneering techniques – including an innovative recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for sole – which have kept SSF at the forefront of the land-based aquaculture industry for 50 years.

20 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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THE POWER OF NATURE Premium feed additive specifically formulated to improve digestive and immune health Dr Bulent Kukurtcu, Scientific Manager, Catalysis, Spain

quaculture is an industry experiencing rapid growth and increasing demand worldwide, particularly in recent years. Among all farmed animals, fish and shrimps stand out as they possess the most efficient Feed Conversion Rate (FCR) within the feed industry, ranging from 1.0 to 2.4. This data becomes particularly significant for investors in the face of escalating cereal prices. To illustrate the difference in feed resources required by farmers throughout the production cycle, let’s compare the FCR of seafood (1.0-2.4) with that of beef (6.0-10.0), swine (2.7-5.0), and chicken (1.7-2.0) Aquatic animals have lower FCRs compared to their land counterparts due to their buoyancy and cold-blooded nature, which results in energy savings. Consequently, aquaculture can objectively be considered one of the most efficient methods of feeding a growing global population while utilising fewer resources per capita. As the industry expands, leading to the development of new farms and the entry of more skilled professionals, it becomes essential

22 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

for companies aiming to maintain competitiveness to identify and adopt new operational strategies. These strategies should focus on improving productivity, survival rates, weight gain, resolving production inefficiencies within each segment, addressing biotic challenges in a more efficient and natural manner, and mitigating the negative effects of captivity on productivity parameters. While the 20th century witnessed the dominance of highly efficient artificial feed additives over less effective natural drugs, the 21st century brings new regulations governing the feed additives market and increasing concerns about the negative effects of artificial compounds on human and animal health. This has prompted many technicians to return to natural compounds, recognising their benefits for animal health and, consequently, productivity.

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One such strategy involves the use of high-quality functional nutritional supplements such as VIUSID® Aqua and ASBRIP® Vet, which will be briefly described here. The efficacy of these products has already been supported by numerous publications in leading scientific journals. Originally developed for human health, these products are formulated with natural molecules that undergo a biocatalytic process of molecular activation. This process remarkably enhances the biological indications of the natural molecules without altering their molecular structure. Imagine having at your disposal the combined mechanism of action of essential oils, plant extract compounds, vitamins, amino acids, and minerals found in these two products. These enhanced biological indications can effectively address biotic challenges in an antibiotic-free context, improve weight gain, enhance the survival of newborn animals, resolve traditional industry inefficiencies, and more.

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International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 23

improvements in growth performance, feed conversion, and immune response. This supplement increases the activity of certain enzymes involved in the immune response, indicating a strengthening of the immune system. These results suggest that VIUSID® Aqua has potential as an immunomodulator and biocatalytic agent in aquaculture, particularly for improving disease resistance and growth. Activated ASBRIP® Vet, on the other hand, is a premium feed additive specifically formulated to improve digestive and immune health and prevent bacterial infections. It contains a combination of essential oils, including those from Eucalyptus and Thyme, as well as mint extract with an analgesic effect. The supplement has demonstrated improved growth performance and immune response in shrimp. For instance, Eucalyptus and Thyme oils have been shown to increase the activity of certain enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, thus strengthening the immune system. ASBRIP® Vet also possesses antibacterial properties, reducing bacterial load in the water and preventing infections in shrimp. Additionally, in Rainbow trout, ASBRIP® Vet has been found to improve growth performance, feed conversion, and

immune response. The increased activity of certain enzymes involved in antioxidant defense may contribute to the improved health and growth performance observed in fish. These findings suggest that ASBRIP® Vet can be a valuable nutritional supplement for enhancing the health and productivity of farmed aquatic animals. In conclusion, VIUSID® Aqua and ASBRIP® Vet can assist new aquaculture leaders in improving health and productivity at their farms. These products contribute to growth enhancement, feed conversion improvement, increased disease resistance, and improved respiratory health in a natural way. However, it’s important to note that these products are not substitutes for proper and balanced nutrition, and their application should align with responsible and sustainable aquaculture practices. Utilising probiotics, vaccines, biosecurity measures, and ensuring rigorous water quality control are fundamental in minimizing potential risks and maximizing the benefits associated with modern aquaculture. Creating a healthy environment for the animals and preventing the growth of harmful bacteria and parasites are vital objectives.

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24 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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Nettle based feed for improved performance in Atlantic salmon by Samuel A. M. Martin, Rodanthi Zindrili, Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen; Josip Barisic, Brian Quinn, Aquaculture Health Laboratory, University of the West of Scotland & John Hardy, Urtica Plus, UK

unctional feeds are now regarded as a central component of health management in aquaculture. These feeds provide added health benefits and capacity for fish to perform better during periods of stress as a result of farming procedures or by environmental or health challenges. The presented research focussed on the common stinging nettle that produced positive outcomes following experimental feeding trials in different species of farmed fish including rainbow trout. This trial for the first time, examines how the Atlantic salmon perform when fed nettle supplemented diets from a high-quality consistent source (Urtica Plus). The nettle is generated by the lead industrial partner Urtica Plus who farm nettles and generate a highly constant product used extensively in other animal fed additives. We had three main objectives from the study 1.) Diet design and feeding trial, 2.) Intestinal health and blood parameters, following feeding trial, and 3.) Immune function following pathogen challenge.

The feeding trials

A feeding trial was performed for 12 weeks in freshwater aquarium facilities, University of Aberdeen. The diets were one percent and three percent inclusion of whole dried nettle and a commercial BioMar control diet, with randomly assigned triplicate tanks per diet. Atlantic salmon can be highly sensitive

to plant derived antinutritional factors and it was of importance to determine the intestinal integrity at the end of the trial. During the feeding trial all fish grew well with no significant differences between triplicate groups of fish fed the different diets. Histology of the distal intestine examined six key parameters to characterise intestinal health, here we find two parameters subepithelial mucosa and supranuclear vacuoles had an increased score in three percent nettle compared to 1% and control. For remaining histology parameters there were no significant differences between control nettle fed fish, however there was a nonsignificant improvement in several parameters observed in the one percent nettle fed fish. These results demonstrate the salmon intestine has no negative response to diets containing up to three percent nettle, but that greater than three percent may lead to negative impacts on the intestine. The one percent diet may lead to subtle advantages in the intestine morphology. To further

26 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

investigate health parameters blood chemistry was performed on a suite of assays at University West of Scotland, all parameters examined were within normal expected range of blood in Atlantic salmon. Several of the assays suggested indication of good heart and muscle function, but would require further analysis for verification, again confirming both one and three percent diets show marginal improvements in comparison to the basal commercial diet. Finally, to examine the impact on the disease response following the feeding trial, a bacterial pathogen challenge was performed. Although we found no significant differences between the control and nettle inclusion diets the fish on the three percent diets had highest survival followed by one percent then control. During the pathogen trial for disease response the fish were not Figure 1A: Growth of the experimental salmon fed on either control, 1%nettle or 3% nettle inclusion in diet. A. overall weight gain (g) at monthly weightings B. Specific growth rate between July and August where fish fed 1% had a greater growth than other diets during that period.

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Commercialising your Pond: Don’t get caught by legal disruptors in your business! Legal business advice: • Mariculture and Aquaculture leases • Aquaculture and mariculture disputes • Commercial fishery issues • Acquisition and ownership of fisheries • Registration of fishing rights • Defence of fisheries prosecutions • Seizure of fishing vessels • International fishing licenses • High seas fishing

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subjected to additional stressors prior to challenge, which may have allowed for greater differences. Feeding trial: During the trial fish were fed 1.5 percent body weight per day (starting weight 45g), fish were weighed monthly to assess growth and to allow for adjustment of feed over an 88-day feeding trial. Whole body weight was determined every 4 weeks and no significant differences were observed between diets (Figure 1A). During July/August there was a technical error with the feeders and short period of decreased water quality to excessive feed possibly creating stress, during this time the fish on the one percent nettle diet continued to grow better than the fish fed control and three percent nettle diet (Figure 1B). However, by the end of the trial all fish were of comparable weight with no significant differences between groups. Overall, the feeding trial demonstrated that the fish fed the nettle

supplemented diets all performed well in comparison to the commercial control diet. Intestinal morphology: Atlantic salmon are highly sensitive to plant derived antinutritional factors (in comparison to many other farmed species), but to date these are unknown for nettle extract. Previous studies in salmon using soybean meal resulted in significant levels of intestinal inflammation often termed enteritis. In the current experiment it was necessary to assess gut health at the end of the trial (after 88 days) by gut histology. Histological analysis was carried out for 9 fish per tank with 27 fish per diet treatment. For each fish 5 histological sections were scored for six well characterised morphological parameters, 1. subepithelial mucosa, 2. lamina propria, 3. supra nuclear vacuoles, 4. eosinophilic granulocytes, 5. goblet cells and 6. mucosa folds. Each parameter was scored blindly by the same reader and

Figure 2: Histology score for salmon distal intestine following 88 day feeding trial on either control diet, 1% or 3% nettle inclusion

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 29

Figure 3: Enzyme assay CKMB, a marker for heart and skeletal muscle. Horizontal

given a score between 0 and 5, with 5 representing a colours represent: Green- normal, Yellow-marginal and Red- outwith normal range. morphology suggesting intestinal inflammation for that parameter. The fish fed nettle diets were compared Creatine Kinase Heart and skeletal muscle to those fed the control diet which was assumed to be “normal”. We find that the sub epithelial mucosa and super nuclear vacuoles had significantly higher scores in the fish fed the 3% diet than the fish fed both the control and 1% nettle diets (Figure 2). For the subepithelial mucosa parameter the fish fed 1% nettle were slightly lower (but not significantly) than the control fish. For the mucosal folds, lamina propria and eosinophilic granulocytes, no significant differences were observed between any of the diets however for the mucosal folds there appeared to be a slightly decreased in the fish fed 1% nettle compared to control, with a non-significant increase in fish fed 3% nettle diet. These results from the histology suggest all the fish had healthy intestines. Blood parameters: A panel of blood parameters were determined to be within the normal expected range for farmed Atlantic salmon as based on the data set maintained by Aquaculture Health Laboratory, Figure 4: Survival following an Aeromonas salmonicida (etiological agent for University of West of Scotland. Some parameters could furunculosis) experimental infection. The groups are, non-infected control (100% not be used due to haemolysis due to technical and survival), control diet, 1% nettle inclusion and 3% nettle inclusion. The trial last 15 days, which was 4 days following final mortality. transport factors. Although there may have been some issues with haemolysis, several of the parameters are of interest such as creatine kinase (Figure 3), a muscle and heart biomarker was significantly lower than the fish fed 3% nettle. Overall, the conclusion has been put that all fish fed 1% and 3% nettle supplemented diet have blood parameters which are within the normal range expected for healthy fish. Several parameters would suggest a marginal increase in healthy markers, but further work would need to be carried out and an independent trial to confirm these results. Disease response: To assess the capacity of the salmon to mount an efficient immune response following the feeding trial, a bacterial pathogen challenge was performed with Aeromonas salmonicidia the etiological agent of furunculosis. For the challenge 30 fish from each diet were mixed equally find that those fish fed the one percent inclusion show improved between 3 tanks (10 fish per diet per challenge tank). Fish were (but non-significant) performance parameters in gut histology, individually marked (panjet / alcian blue dye) at time of infection with three percent having marginal improvements in blood for later identification of diet group A further 9 fish per diet plasma and disease response. We would suggest from the trial were used as control which were injected with PBS. We found that future trials using between one percent and two percent highest survival in the fish fed 3% diet at 43.3%, with fish fed 1% may be the optimum level of nettle inclusion. The nettle used having 36.7% survival and those fed control diet having lowest at here comes from a highly stable UK source with controlled 33.3% survival (although this did not reach significance) (Figure production availability to satisfy commercial demand as a feed 4), potentially indicating a trend of improved survival with raw material, the next trials should go beyond a single pathogen increasing nettle supplementation. All the fish that were injected trial and explore stress related performance for example during with PBS (control group) survived the full 15 days trial. parr-smolt transformation, post marine transfer or during stressful procedures such as sea lice management or treatment for amoebic gill disease. Several of the blood chemistry parameters indicated Results and further research improved function of the heart and muscle which is of interest In conclusion this initial experimental demonstrates the due to ongoing concerns relating to see gill / heart axis with potential for nettle to be used as a functional feed in salmon specific reference to CMS and HSMI. with the fish able to tolerate up to three percent inclusion. We

30 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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TAILORING THE PROCESS TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE FISH World Feeds at its best by Jyothsna Nelloolichalil, International Aquafeed, UK

Imagine a world where fish feed isn’t just a commodity but a precision-engineered nutritional and tailored package for life below water. This visionary approach was designed and brought into reality and is today at the heart of World Feeds, a pioneering aquarium feed producing company nestled in Thorne, Doncaster, UK. International Aquafeed had an opportunity in late autumn to visit the company and understand its unique approach to aquafeed production. Welcomed by Peter Kersh the CEO, Mark Wilson founder and technical director and Tom Noble, the sales director, our experience began with an introduction to the company’s ethos and its flagship brands - VAF and Vitalis. Vitalis, the jewel in the crown of World Feeds, and caters to the diverse dietary needs of aquarium fish. Peter explained that Vitalis feeds are used by leading public aquariums worldwide. Some of the largest exhibits worldwide have been reaping the many nutritional and practical benefits of the company’s feeds over many years. For example, Resort World Sentosa S.E.A. Aquarium, Singapore features a 45 million litre tank, which is home to over 100,000 marine animals of 1000 different species is one such aquarium and another is the 11 million litre multi-species exhibit at the Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo that trust the feeds this company produces. On the other hand, in the aquaculture sector, VAF specialises in meeting the nutritional demands of cleaner fish like lumpfish and ballan wrasse which re sued to combat the sea lice problem in the salmon industry. The secret behind the company’s success lies not just in using high-quality ingredients but also in employing scientifically precise formulas and utilising proprietary machinery. And herein lies the crux of its innovation — crafting feeds that are malleable, stable and highly digestible, aligning perfectly with the natural feeding habits of the fish in question. The market scope of these remarkable feeds extends far and wide. While VAF dominates markets in Scotland and Norway, Vitalis enjoys global distribution.

The Genesis

Founded in 2004 by Technical Director Mark Wilson, World Feeds is a South Yorkshire-based company built on the simple premise of improving the way fish are fed. Mark’s history in ornamental aquaculture, including conservation and breeding programmes, steered him into forming a commercial clownfish hatchery. His 32 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

International Aquafeed’s Tuti Tan amazed by 3D printing

research led to a discovery that deeply concerned him - the food on the market at the time simply did not fulfil the nutritional requirements of the ever-growing diverse range of fish. Species representative of the different regions from around the globe each have an equally diverse range of dietary needs. These were certainly not being met with the catch-all approach of products available in the market at that time. Change was necessary. Coming together with Managing Director Peter Kersh in 2005, together formed a team of fish experts, scientists and engineers to bring about their vision of creating the best fish food in the world to fruition. Vitalis Aquatic Nutrition is exported to over 40 countries, supplying retailers and public aquariums around the world. “Our innovative formulations and engineering developments

The warehouse Peter Kersh, CEO; Mark Wilson, technical Director and Founder and Tom Noble, Sales Director (From left to right)

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 33

with VAF (Vita Aqua Feeds) are embraced by international aquaculture operations - all formulated, manufactured, packaged and distributed from one location in Thorne, just outside Doncaster, UK,” says Tom, who has a background in Zoology and a prior association with Mark, who was later to join the team. Additionally, John Adron, a Biochemist specialising in aquaculture and marine nutrition, has continuously supported World Feeds as a consultant since its inception. He has worked for the Natural Environment Research Council and has been the author of 75 published scientific papers in the field of marine biochemistry. The crux of their innovation lies in a fundamental paradigm shift. Unlike conventional companies that tailor feed to fit machines, World Feed alters and ‘tailors’ its machinery to make fish feeds that meets the needs of the fish. World Feeds engineers its machinery constantly to craft feed that aligns with the feeding characteristics and dietary needs of the fish.

The feeds

The company primarily produces its fish feeds in either flakes, soft pellets or blocks. The ingredients used are sustainably sourced and meet the highest specifications. The company also has a unique way of manufacturing its flakes, which are produced as sheets with less than one percent moisture and later broken down into smaller flakes. The main aquafeed VAF produces is a feeding block for cleaner fish – mainly Wrasse and lumpfish. These are ‘grazing’ species, and this feed block can sit suspended in the water column for up to 24 hours while retaining the nutrition and structure. Peter Kersh explains further, “Cleaner fish, which are a grazing species, help solve the problem of lice in the salmon industry. They feed off this block, which is hanged inside a cage, which won’t dis-integrate or loose its nutritional value for 24 hours. “At the same time salmon, which are not a grazing species, are not interested in this feed and they can continue to eat their pellets.” As a result, the cleaner fish are healthier and happier to target lice attached to the salmon, especially if there is threads of artificial kelp hanging in the cage which in turn force salmon to duck and weave and encourages then to slow as they pass the cleaner fish. Peter also says the company is heavily involved and working

Production of flakes

Peter Kersh with feeds and feed ingredients

with the major aquaculture companies in Scotland and as a result is finding its way in the Norwegian market.

Factory visit

Our journey through the hallowed halls of the factory was a further revelation. Witnessing the intricately designed machines that craft flakes, pellets and elongated feed blocks was akin to peeking behind the curtain of innovation. World Feeds’ custom-made extruders are at the very heart of its process to produce fish feeds that aligned with the nutritional needs of fish. They even make their own wear parts on 3D prints inhouse which includes their own cutters.

Production of pellets

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Feed blocks for cleaner fish

Fish feed being moved for packaging

Fish feed

trailblazers, ushering in an era where fish feeding is no longer a mundane chore but a precision-crafted experience. In essence, World Feseds isn’t merely a company — it’s a testament to visionary leadership, unyielding passion and an unwavering commitment to transforming the way we nourish aquatic life. With every flake meticulously crafted and every pellet scientifically formulated, World Feeds continues to be the epitome of excellence in aquatic nutrition — a beacon guiding the industry toward a future where fish thrive on tailored nutrition.

International Aquafeed team with Peter, Mark and Tom

World Feeds currently has capacity for approx 1,000tons of feed but already they are planning the next phase of expansion up to 10,000 tons and continung the automation process. World Feeds’ unwavering dedication to designing feeds tailored for aquatic residents stands as a beacon of innovation in the industry. Its commitment to creating feeds for Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) further solidifies their status as

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 35

A Natural Approach to Feeding by Skretting, Norway

Elevia is a new, innovative feed from Skretting, engineered to offer superior nutrition and water quality in shrimp hatcheries and nurseries. The precisely produced, stable micro diet improves larval performance while simplifying feed management and ensuring a cleaner system

arval feed requires a complete nutritional package, of suitably small particles that can be easily digested and ingested without losing nutrients in the water. Good quality feed for shrimp larvae should involve highly digestible raw materials with good nutritional value, whilst the vitamins present in the feed need to be water-soluble to optimise growth and development. This newly developed shrimp feed is designed to simulate the natural feeding approach of shrimp larvae. Formulated to mimic the natural feeding approach of shrimp larvae, Elevia is a next generation solution that surpasses conventional feeding methods and traditional aquafeed ingredients, setting a new standard for hatchery performance. Incorporating new sustainable raw materials such as essential long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, algae-derived DHA and hydrolysed marine proteins, it enables shrimp to develop into strong and healthy post larvae with increased capacity to thrive in nursery environments. Elevia improves the ability of shrimp to handle challenges by providing them with nutrients that improve their immune system and overall resilience. This enables the shrimp to cope more effectively with stressful environmental changes. As a result,

shrimp production becomes more reliable and successful, reducing the risks associated with variations in water conditions and other factors. This also enables the hatcheries to improve the overall carry capacity of the system. Through Elevia’s advanced formulation, physical properties and colour, the need for multiple diets and flakes is significantly reduced, resulting in simplified operations and feed management. Another key feature that contributes to streamlining operations is the diet’s ability to maintain water stability. Thanks to its unique composition and encapsulation of omega-3 fatty acids, the leaching of lipids into the production system is prevented, ensuring cleaner and uncompromised water quality. Consequently, intact feed particles remain stable for extended periods, minimising the necessity for frequent replacements. This not only promotes optimal water conditions but also facilitates essential system maintenance, all while alleviating the strain on bio- and mechanical-filters.

Trials and customer validations results

Elevia follows more than 6 years of R&D development that included 20 trials performed at research facilities in both Asia and Latin America. Prior to the launch, Elevia has been also extensively tested under industrial commercial conditions at facilities in Ecuador and Indonesia. An important aspect of the commercialisation of a diet is the upscaling and industrial

36 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

production. Elevia has been developed together with our Centre of excellence for life start feed in Skretting, France. Their in-depth knowledge of the complex production process allows us to deliver perfection in micronutrition. Trial results have shown excellent assimilation of the diet particles from zoea 2 onwards, with a smooth and clean transition through the stages. Superior performance was observed in terms of muscle to gut ratio, lipid deposition, and activity compared to all the tested feeds. Additionally, water quality and stability were dramatically improved. At the end of each trial, Elevia demonstrated vastly superior FCR with a typical reduction of up to 50 percent compared to conventional feeds. This achievement is accomplished through a combination of faster growth and improved survival per unit input. Elevia is produced in Skretting’s state-of-the-art LifeStart facility in France, and is currently available in Ecuador, with other markets to follow. Eamonn O’Brien, the Global Product Manager for LifeStart

says “In these tough times for the shrimp industry our customers have made it clear that they need a feed that is affordable, delivers consistent results, and promotes the growth of strong and healthy post-larvae. Elevia checks all three boxes. It typically improves profit yield by 20% compared to traditional feeding practices. Basically, we are getting more shrimp while using less feed. This may seem counter-intuitive for a feed company, but it is through these kinds of innovations that the whole industry can enhance sustainability and profitability. Our purpose is Feeding the Future, and Elevia is the perfect solution to make it happen.”

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 37

LEADERS IN FISH FARM TECHNOLOGY

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The tech update Qysea Technology

Modular AI Underwater Robot Leading underwater robotics company, Qysea Technology, announces the release of its nextgeneration advanced underwater operations expert, Fifish E-GO. Delivering an innovative modular design, upgraded power and imaging system, multi-load capabilities, and AI-powered features, Fifish E-GO stands as Qysea’s most powerful professional-class underwater robot to date. With versatile functionality, the E-GO excels in missions across a range of challenging subsea environments and applications. Fifish E-GO features an all-new modular design with detachable components for its motor, lighting, camera, and battery. Module replacements can swiftly restore the E-GO to its underwater operable state within minutes. With extensive expansion capabilities, Fifish E-GO can accommodate up to six tools simultaneously, showcasing unprecedented operational strength. Fifish E-GO supports hot-swappable batteries, enabling rapid replacement without the need to shut down, and boasts fast charging to reach 90 percent capacity within 50 minutes. The accompanying portable intelligent charging system offers multiple charging modes, providing power to other external smart devices as well.

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FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Best fish farm management practices

HEALTHY WATER, HAPPY SHRIMP by Rizky Darmawan, CEO, Delta Marine Group, Indonesia Last October, dsm-firmenich held the Global Aqua Days event in Vienna and Rizky Darmawan, the CEO of Delta Marine Group from Indonesia spoke on the topic “Healthy Water, Happy Shrimp: A Farmer’s Perspective” talks about farm management, the two pond systems he had used on his farm, some data analytics, and some practical advice that might help other farms. Rizky began his presentation focusing on the importance of the management on the farm. He quoted one of Dr. Dean Akiyama’s presentations, saying that feed and seed only contribute 15-25 percent each for the farm’s success, but the management in place contributes 50-70 percent of the farm’s success rate. The management he was referring to includes the people involved in the operation, what kind of Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) the farm is running, the availability of data, and even how fast the decision process is in cases of an emergency. All these can be a deciding factor that could make or break any farm.

Different pond systems

After pointing out the importance of management, Rizky moved on to explain the difference between the two pond systems that are commonly found in farms they are the autotroph and the heterotroph system. The autotroph system is dominated by plankton, while bacteria dominate the heterotroph system.

He further explains the characteristics of each system and the problems associated with it while showing data from his farm. With autotrophs, Rizky starts by mentioning the volatility of the system. The volatility is caused by the fact that plankton is a plant, which depends on many factors that are uncontrollable to the farmer, such as sun intensity and the weather. This planktondominated system also creates a significant parameter variation throughout the day, with the two main parameters affected being the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the pH. Another factor that causes this system’s volatility is the many types of plankton that can dominate the system. Four plankton types can dominate the pond system: cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates, diatoms, and chlorophytes. Between these planktons, cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates must be avoided because of their detrimental effect on the shrimps. Diatoms and chlorophytes, conversely, are less dangerous and can even be beneficial to the crop. However, it is hard to control which plankton will occupy the system because the dominance will keep shifting between the four categories. When nutrients are abundant, the most opportunistic plankton will rise and dominate the pond. This is also why the autotroph system can thrive in a low-density system due to the feed input becoming a limiting factor for the plankton’s growth.

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FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY The heterotroph system, alternatively, is more stable when applied. However, this system is also not without its challenges. A heterotroph system is also commonly known as the biofloc system due to the formation of bacteria flocculations in the water. The main idea here is to use the bacteria to recycle any waste material incurred in the system and make it usable again. The recycled nutrients can then be safely eaten by the shrimps, providing additional feed and improving efficiency. The main limiting factor for the heterotroph system is carbon source and oxygen. Carbon source is usually not a problem because feed used in farms already has plenty in it. Unless a farmer uses a full-blown biofloc system, additional carbon intake is often not needed apart from small amounts incidentally. This system also creates less DO variation because bacteria respire throughout the day. Because of this reason, the farmer will have a slight DO variation between day and night. Another benefit of the heterotrophic system is it directly competes with the main problem in any pond system: Vibrio. Vibrio is a harmful bacterium that is the leading cause of many issues occurring in shrimp farms. The toxins released by vibrio cause stress, growth problems, and even diseases that can lead to mortality. Hence, it is crucial to keep vibrio as low as possible in the system by limiting waste or applying good probiotics. A steady supply of probiotics is essential for the biofloc system because vibrio is much more efficient to grow. The health of a bacteria community in shrimp farms is usually measured by its Total Bacteria Count (TBC) compared to its Total Vibrio Count (TVC). A good system would have a TVC/TBC as low as possible, usually below five percent. In his presentation, Rizky showed how, on his farm, he could suppress this number down to below 0.1 percent. He further explained that this was not an easy feat, and it is a sign of a well-running system.

Managing performance

Next, Rizky compared the performance between the two systems and how a farmer can control them. He quoted Dr. Yoram Avnimelech, who said that no pond

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FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

can perfectly lean to one system. The pond system will always be a spectrum with the ratio of dominance leaning depending on the management. He then explains how the farmer can control the dominance depending on their pond design or what they put into the pond. To show how pond design can affect the system, Rizky compared the two types of ponds his company had built in one of their farms. First, he showed a picture of conventional ponds, explaining how this design leans toward the autotrophic system. He further explained that because there are many spots where surface water is undisturbed, sunlight can penetrate easily into the water and promote plankton growth. Rizky then compared this design to another that he recently built, the raceway ponds. In this pond, waste can’t settle as easily and keeps floating in the water. This presents two unique characteristics of the pond. First, this creates a natural shading that blocks sunlight. Second, the floating wastes provide a substrate for flocculation. The result of the crop is also affected by what system dominates the pond. To describe this, Rizky presented some graphs to show the difference. When bacteria dominate the system, the pond tends to be more stable and able to achieve a long cycle. On the other hand, when plankton is higher or if bacteria domination can’t be maintained, the system tends to crash and short lived. He also showed some cases where the plankton population suddenly bloomed. This usually will be followed by a crash and an emergency harvest not long after. For the final section of his presentation, Rizky gave some practical advice to achieve optimal results on the farm. First, he starts by stating the importance of water exchange to preserve water quality. Especially in high-density systems, water exchange is critical to maintaining the pond water’s parameters at the level where the shrimps can live comfortably. This is due to the constant nutrient input, particularly from the feed, which causes Total Organic Matter (TOM), nitrogen, and phosphate to increase over time. To prevent these parameters from causing harm, bringing in clean water is the easiest way to dilute these compounds. One particular example that Rizky uses is phosphate,

where he shows how dinoflagellates appear every time the compound starts to build up.

Tell-tale signs your probiotics are working

Rizky then talks about how to know when the probiotics you use are working properly and some pointers on how to use them effectively. One of the signs that your probiotics are working is the presence of foam. These foams forming on the water’s surface are a sign that the bacteria are producing the needed enzymes that break down waste. However, this is not the only way to use probiotics. Rizky adds that, in some cases, probiotics can also be a solution. Here, he uses an example of how he reduced the dinoflagellate dominance by applying probiotics using a certain method. The following advice he gave is to be more mindful of the feed input. This is why a lot of systems collapse faster when the density is increased. Rizky adds that every farmer should note which level of feed intake they see the nutrients start to build up. How quickly this will happen also depends on the protein content the farmer uses. Higher protein will result in earlier buildup, which must be taken care of earlier. But all of these can be offset by using better input or increasing the water exchange. The last advice Rizky gave is to consider using enzymes in the pond. He argues that even though it is more expensive, enzyme products provide the needed reaction time, especially in dire times. But the high price tag also means that farmers shouldn’t overdo it, opting to use probiotics to suppress cost. Nevertheless, the benefits of enzyme products are just too good to pass up. They can help break down excess nutrients faster, creating a cleaner environment and enabling a higher stocking density in the system. Finally, at the end of his presentation, Rizky showed the results from two farm blocks that represent what happens if the operator abides by the points he brought up and who does not. There, he shows how the block that follows these rules has a significantly higher production, reaching up to 45,9 tonnes/hectare on average, while the other block only averages up to 25,3 tonnes/hectare.

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TECHNOLOGY SH Innovations this month December 2023 In this dedicated Tech Showcase section of the International Aquafeed Magazine, we showcase technologies that are reshaping the way we approach aquafeed production and aquaculture practices by revolutionising feed production, fish health, and sustainability. If you would like your product or service to appear in this section in a future edition of International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology magazine, then please contact us at editorial@perendale.co.uk

ADVANTAGE SERIES - UV STERILIZER by Aqua Ultraviolet Ultraviolet Water Sterilizers are a versatile technology used for disinfecting water, other opaque liquids, hard surfaces and air. Using the same germicidal rays as the sun, but hundreds of times stronger, Ultraviolet water sterilisers offers a reliable, cost effective, environmentally friendly alternative to chemicals and their resulting biproducts. UV lights for water use a purely physical process so they don’t alter water’s chemistry, taste, smell or pH levels. The Advantage Series UV light for water is compact and lightweight, ideal for small ponds, aquariums, and water features. Advantage Series units are slim, lightweight units designed for maximum UV effectiveness. Aqua Ultraviolet UV Sterilizers will eradicate these organisms without any harmful residuals. The UV light for water controls the spread of fish disease, viruses, and other harmful pathogens, as well as keeping your water clear by destroying free floating algae. https://aquaultraviolet.com

Learn more – Learn onsite New courses coming in 2024!

A-BIOMASS™ by Ace Aquatec A-BIOMASS™ is an advanced underwater camera designed to bring more efficiency and precision to biomass measurement and distributions of a range of fish species. Using the power of machine learning A-BIOMASS™ can help you gain an accurate insight into your pens without handling or manual intervention. Accurate weight estimation can lead to a better understanding of total biomass, which can help your farm stay within its stocking density quota. The A-BIOMASS™ underwater camera helps farms more effectively monitor fish welfare, prevent mortalities, and provide transparency and traceability over the fish lifecyle and supply chain. The system contains two stereoscopic cameras calibrated to take images synchronously. Through machine learning. Artificial Intelligence identifies fish and critical points, such as tail and fins, to measure fish height, weight, and length accurately. A-BIOMASS™ tracks multiple fish simultaneously, day or night, collecting significant amounts of data in a short period. https://aceaquatec.com

Single Shaft Paddle Mixers by Anderson Feed Technology The strict demands placed on the mixing operation in feed mills built the foundation for the design standards of the Anderson Feed Technology line of high accuracy mixers. One of the most widely used solutions is the Anderson Feed Technology single shaft paddle mixers. All Anderson Feed Technology paddle mixers are designed for mixing dry ingredients regardless of their bulk density or shape with the option for liquid addtion as well. The Anderson Feed Technology paddle mixers are equipped with pneumatic operated bomb doors under the full length of the mixing trough. This shortens the discharge time to approximately 15-20 seconds. The mixing plant can operate fully automatic with a capacity up to 15 batches per hour. www.andersonfeedtech.com

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY Check out our website dedicated to fish farming technology

HOWCASE Hydro-Probe by Hydronix The Hydro-Probe was the first moisture sensor to use the digital microwave moisture measurement technique. It has integral signal processing which provides a linear output (both digital and analogue) and it can easily be connected to any control system. Typical applications include sand, cement, concrete, asphalt and aggregates. For organic materials the Hydro-Probe XT is recommended. Designed for use in processing plants which use bins (silos), chutes and conveyor or feed belts, the sensor is positioned into the flow of material. Measurements are taken 25 times per second as the material passes over or around the sensor face, meaning that the sensor can rapidly detect changes in moisture levels. Real time adjustments to the moisture content of the material can then be made during processing if required. This ensures that the manufacturer can continually produce a consistent, quality product and reduce costs by limiting the amount of wasted or spoilt materials. www.hydronix.com

www.onlinemillingschool.com The Flobull aerator by Faivre The Flobull aerator projects a very emulsified spray of water into the air, thus providing maximum contact with the atmosphere. In this way oxygen in the air is transferred into the water. This process does not raise the water temperature because a sometimes warmer atmospheric contact is compensated through cooling caused by evaporation. Despite their low electricity consumption, 180W to 1500W, Flobulls have a water mixing flow rate of 75 to 380m3/h. For a Flobull 1CV (750W), the high oxygen input into the water is 1.2kg of O2/h. Fish grow up in the best conditions withe Faivre aerators. They are useful to Oxygenate water and discharge gases, diffuse the recycled water through the pond and help a regular growth of your fish. Since the 1960’s, FAIVRE has been developing floating aerators. www.faivre.fr

fishfarmingtechnology.net International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 45

Aquaculture case study

Bolstering the long-term viability of sea urchins

In the azure waters surrounding the Italian island of Procida in the Gulf of Naples lies a rich and dynamic marine environment. This is the home of the stony, purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus), an important herbivore, as well as prey for a number of fish, starfish and molluscs.

This small and spiky creature regulates the volume of algae and is therefore a key species in keeping intact the dynamics of ecosystems close to the seashore. As one of the organisms that defines the ecological system in the region, it has also been used as a model in developmental biology and as a means for assessing environmental quality. Sea urchins are sensitive to environmental conditions, and this species has been affected by climate change and pollution. The sea urchin is also considered a culinary delicacy in many countries and faces the additional threat of overfishing in some areas. However, while some sites are lacking in the species, other areas are experiencing excessive sea urchin populations that can lead to the depletion of algae and other marine vegetation, so-called sea urchin barrens. These two contrasting situations call for individualized solutions. The General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is helping countries and farmers to tackle these two issues. In the one case, the GFCM is creating specific guidelines for restorative aquaculture, concentrating on key species like sea urchins, algae and shellfish, and in the other, it is helping with the removal of urchins and their sale in culinary markets, helping to restore algae populations while enhancing the value of these species.

Conservation through aquaculture

The population of sea urchins in the Mediterranean region has garnered attention. While the species’ status and impacts can differ based on local factors and harvesting practices, conservation efforts are required in certain areas. In Procida, where sea urchins face overfishing, the GFCM engaged with local producers and researchers to perform underwater sampling, collecting valuable information on sea urchin farming and restocking. This is helping to boost farming of sea urchins, valued for its prized roe, while providing vital scientific guidance for restoring local sea urchin populations. The GFCM conducted a series of technical consultations with Echinoidea, a small-scale aquaculture facility which was established in Procida in 2016. Echinoidea, in collaboration with the research institute, Anton Dohrn Zoology Centre (Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn), has produced more than 20,000 sea urchin larvae through artificial fertilisation at the Procida farm. Once the adults are ready, they are released back into their

natural environment to continue growing in an area specifically intended for aquaculture, helping to alleviate the pressures of sea urchin fishing of wild populations. The GFCM’s Maissa Gharbi says, “Sea urchin aquaculture is a very promising field; yet it is challenging due to the very high mortality rates recorded during early stages of life. Production of sea urchins requires extensive monitoring and attention during the reproduction process.” Although the Procida initiative still requires further development, it has the potential to become a model for sea urchin farming that could be expanded across the Mediterranean Sea.

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CS “Sea urchin farming is a new activity that combines innovation with the restoration of ecosystems. It must be studied well so that the right models can be proposed for the Mediterranean and Black Sea region,” says Ibrahim Al Hawi, Chairperson of the GFCM Scientific Advisory Committee on Aquaculture. “Restorative aquaculture leads to improved environmental sustainability and ecosystem services alongside supplying aquatic foods and opportunities for livelihoods,” says Al Hawi. The GFCM recently produced a booklet with guidelines for sustainable replenishment and called for more intense monitoring of vulnerable species, including sea urchins. “The main purpose of these guidelines is to support Mediterranean and Black Sea countries in restocking and stock enhancement while preventing harm to biodiversity, natural habitats, ecosystems and related ecosystem services, based on good practices and the best available knowledge,” says Al Hawi.

Restoring balance

In a separate project in Spain, the GFCM is collaborating with Urchinomics, the Department of Climate Action, Food and Rural Agenda (DACC) in Catalonia and the Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), on the restoration of macroalgal forests and seagrass meadows. Sea urchins overgraze these types of marine vegetation. With an overpopulation of sea urchins, which can be caused by organic pollution, overfishing of their predators and phytoplankton productivity, some of these areas have become barren, putting stress on the ecosystem and other species that depend on algae. The GFCM has supported their removal, so that seaweed and seagrasses may regrow. These sea urchins are then sold in markets that value them for their roe.

Mediterranean-wide practices

The GFCM is also working with DACC to develop the Mediterranean Restorative Aquaculture Centre, a unique site for subregional innovation and capacity building for countries from the western Mediterranean. The aim of the Centre is to develop knowledge and capacities for restorative aquaculture (including of sea urchins), promote innovation and share best practices, such as the research and restocking activities of the Procida pilot project. Sea urchins play a critical role in marine biodiversity, and their survival is intertwined with the health of the seas. Through the GFCM, FAO is committed to supporting their role in nature while securing their commercial viability for the sake of fishing livelihoods. International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 47

Industry Events 2024

2024 January

30 - 1 IPPE 2024 Atlanta, Georgia, USA www.ippexpo.org 2024

February 14 - 15 Aquafarm 20 24 Pordenone, Italy www.aquafarm.show 18 - 21 Aquaculture America 2024 Texas, USA www.was.org

2024

March 3-7 World Fisheries Congress 2024 Washington, USA https://wfc2024.fisheries.org 5-7 19th North Atlantic Seafood Forum Bergen, Norway https://nor-seafood.com 10-12 Seafood Expo North America Boston, USA www.seafoodexpo.com

11 Petfood & Aquafeed Extrusion Conference Bangkok, Thailand www.aquafeed.co.uk/companies/ petfood-aquafeed-extrusionconference/

2024

April 23-25 The Global Seafood Marketplace Barcelona, Spain www.seafoodexpo.com

2024

May 8-11 International Indonesia Seafood & Meat Expo Jakarta, Indonesia https://iism-expo.com/

Petfood & Aquafeed Extrusion Conference (PAEC), held at VICTAM Health and Nutrition Asia 2024, will be on March 11, 2024. With a focus on the extrusion of feeds and the related equipment used, the one-day conference will feature a variety of speakers covering all the key-areas of the industry to give the latest extrusion information. Co-organised between Perendale Publishers Ltd and VIV Worldwide, PAEC will be held at BITEC, room 223 at 10:00am. To be a sponsor and speaker email Dr Mian Riaz at mnriaz@ tamu.edu. More information can be found at https:// millingandgrain.com/companies/petfood-aquafeedextrusion-conference/.

8-11 Indonesia Cold Chain Expo Jakarta, Indonesia https://iism-expo.com 14-15 Aquaculture UK Aviemore, Scotland https://aquacultureuk.com

12-14 Health and Nutrition Asia 2024 Bangkok, Thailand https://vivhealthandnutrition.nl

21-22 Blue Food Innovation Summit London, England www.bluefoodinnovation.com

12-14 VICTAM Asia 2024 Bangkok, Thailand https://victamasia.com

27-31 International Symposium on Fish Nutrition and Feeding (ISFNF) Puerto Vallarta, Mexico www.isfnf2024.com

13 Build My Feedmill Bangkok, Thailand www.aquafeed.co.uk/companies/ build-my-feedmill/ 14 Flour Milling Maximised Bangkok, Thailand www.aquafeed.co.uk/companies/ flour-milling-maximised/

2024

June 18-20 Seagriculture EU 2024 Torshavn, Faroe Island https://seagriculture.eu

17-21 116th Annual Meeting of the National Shellfisheries Association North Carolina, USA www.shellfish.org/annual-meeting

11 Aquatic Conference Bangkok, Thailand www.aquafeed.co.uk/companies/aquatic

19-21 AQUASUR 2024 Puerto Montt, Chile www.aqua-sur.cl/en/ 20-23, VietShrimp Ca Mau City, Vietnam https://vietshrimp.net/

The Aquatic conference, held at VICTAM Health and Nutrition Asia 2024, will be on March 11, 2024. With the theme being ‘Future World Feed Through Aquaculture’, the conference will focus on the future of aquaculture and feed within the industry. Co-organised between Perendale Publishers Ltd and VIV Worldwide, Aquatic will be held at BITEC, room MR 224 at 10:00am. If you are interested in sponsoring Aquatic and would like a chance to speak then please get in touch with either Severina Proskurnova at severina@vnueurope.com or Tuti Tan at tutit@perendale. co.uk. If you would like to attend the conference then please register your attendance through this link: http:// myaqua.info/cPIZ.

20 -22 Aquaculture Taiwan 2024 Taipei, Taiwan www.aquaculturetaiwan.com 24-26 4th Edition of World Aquaculture and Fisheries Conference Paris, France www.worldaquacultureconference.com 48 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Industry Events

St. Johns Island

Marine Aquaculture Centre

The Marine Aquaculture Centre

Aquaculture in Singapore has come a long way in the past 20 years. It has come of age just in time to make a significant contribution towards the country’s vision of building the agri-food industry’s capability and capacity to sustainably produce 30 percent of its nutritional needs by 2030. In addition, the need for greater sustainability within our global food production systems is becoming urgent particularly if we expect agri- and aqua-food sources to reduce or offset their associated climate change impacts. And of course, there are the geopolitical aspects of today’s food production that threatens countries reliant upon imported raw materials and food products to meet the food demands of their populations. The Marine Aquaculture Centre (MAC), which is a part of the Singapore Food Agency (SFA), celebrated its 20th Anniversary this year. It is playing a central role in the development and adoption of production technologies now associated with and being employed by the country’s aquaculture industries. It has and is developing indoor hatchery production technology, conducting selective breeding programmes and supporting local fish farms – all crucial for Singapore’s ’30-by-30’ vision - to produce a range of fishes as one of the key food types to provide the local population with an excellent source of protein which can be grown locally in a productive and sustainable manner. The MAC 20th Anniversary Symposium, held on 14 August 2023, marked the Centre’s two decades of excellence. Organised by SFA, the symposium highlighted the MAC’s role as a R&D hub in tropical marine aquaculture. The event fostered collaboration between professionals and experts from both industry and academia, providing a platform to explore research opportunities and discuss the future of aquaculture. As of end-2022, there were 27 land-based seafood farms and 109 sea-based seafood farms.. International Aquafeed visited St John’s Island off the coast of Singapore during the pre-event tour to view the facilities of the MAC. We reported on the half-day conference which followed the visit and was attended by leading industry experts in our October edition (page 26)

50 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Industry Events

3 1

Monitoring the development of fingerlings in their specially equipped rearing tanks

A new protocol for AI-assisted Rotifer counting

MAC staff Teo Man Yin introduces visitors to the feed production which featured an extruder and vacuum coating machines.

St John Island ‘golfcarts’ carry visitors to-and-from the landing jetty and the laboratories

Dr Jiang Junhui, director of SFA’s the Urban Food Solutions Division, of MAC addressesvisitors.

Professor Patrick Sorgeloos, Emeritus Professor of Aquaculture at Gent Ghent University in Belgium, asks about the grading process for fingerlings.

Dr Rui Alexandre Gonçakves Gonçalves, a deputy director in SFA’s Urban Food Solutions Division, studies the Asian Seabass eggs quality taken from brood stock tanks.

Keeping water quality to pre-determine standards takes attention to detail. Here, the MAC team shows off filters, pumps, infrared and other water quality apparatuses.

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 51

Industry Events

Global Aqua Robust and profitable aquaculture by Roger Gilbert, International Aquafeed

his year’s dsm-firmenich’s Global Aqua Days, held in Vienna, Austria, during the week prior to the European Aquaculture Society’s ‘Aquaculture Europe 2023’ event in the same city, attracted the attention of the aquaculture industry globally in midAugust. Global AquaDays 2023 – which is a two-day event hosted by dsm-firmenich - started with a group visit to the company’s Business Research Centre at Turin, just outside Vienna city itself, for an introduction to the laboratories and a tour behind the scenes of the various research and development facilities operated by the company and supporting its Animal Nutrition and Health Division’s focus on aquaculture. That introduction was led by Dr Gerd Schatzmayr, who is head of Global R&D Centres at DSM’s Animal Nutrition and Health Division at Turin, and he outlined the activities that were being undertaken at the Centre. The conference properly commenced on the second day with an official wecome given by Dr Benedict Standen, Head of dsmfirmenich’s ANH Aqua marketing. He was followed by the first keynote presentation by

Vienna Ivo Lansbergen, President of Animal Nutrition and Health emphasising the need for the aqua industry to focus on its carbon footprint and address issues surrounding environmental impact and sustainability in his presentation. He spoke about the ‘protein gap’ that is emerging globally as the world’s population continues to grow. He points to a 25 percent increase in population over the next 25 years and says there will not be 25 percent more arable land to cultivate in order to meet the dietary needs of these extra mouths to feed. A solution he points to is via the development of new technologies in food production and especially those supporting aquaculture production. He says research shows that consumers are prepared to pay a higher price for sustainable food production, “but we need to make them aware.” An example is algae-fed salmon which, he adds, is both appealing to the consumer and creating greater value of the retailer. Products rich in Omega-3 are also finding acceptance among consumers. “Our impact is to put high-quality animal protein on consumers plates, protein that’s healthy, nutritious, safe, and affordable.” He quoted Kate Raworth from Exploring Doughnut Economics who said in 2017 that: “We are failing to meet the needs of all

52 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Days 2023 within the means of the planet. Population growth will exacerbate existing gaps.”

How to prepare

A second keynote during the plenary was provided by João Brites of Spain, who is the director of growth and innovation at HowGood, and who addressed the topic of ‘How much does the consumer care about sustainable food production?’ HowGood is a SaaS Platform with the world’s largest database addressing food product sustainability. It has spent 16 years mapping

Industry Events

global supply systems, has 600 data sources, lists 33,000 ingredients, chemicals and materials and 247 offers 247 sustainability metrics with two million consumer goods and product UPCs. To reinforce Mr Lansbergen message, João Brites said food systems play a pivotal role across many social and planetary boundaries, including: • 26 percentage of global greenhouse gas emissions are caused by food production • 40 percentage of global biodiversity loss is driven by food production

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 53

Rabobank’s Gorjan Nikolik explains the poor performance of shrimp profitability this year looks to a more profitable future if diseases are managed adequately

• 78 percentage of global ocean and freshwater eutrophication is caused by food production • 1.2 billion people are employed on agri-food systems and 2.6 billion (a third of the world’s population) live in their households His suggestions on how to prepare for the future were separated into three sections: • Section 1) Measure your impact using producer specific data: such as farm date where 80 percentage of the impact of aquaculture takes place; use granular data as feed for example can vary due to its origin; leverage technology using solutions like Sustell; adopt industry standards and close the data look to as to add value. • Section 2) Improve your impact through science and community engagement by: going beyond certification; grow capacity in regenerative aquaculture, commit to science based targets; develop capacity of local communities and go beyond your own operations to transform the supply chain. • Section 3) Communicate your impact without greenwashing by: Avoiding generic claims; use credible methodologies; secure third-party validation; include an action plan with forward looking goals; be specific and accurate; secure and share reasonable evidence; consider whole product lifecycle and do not lead stakeholders. João Brites the director of growth and innovation at HowGood reviews the intention of consumers when it comes to purchasing choices – a topic we will be asking him to explain in detail in an early 2024 edition

International Aquafeed will carry a feature on this topic in early 2024, but for now this was an insightful presentation that 54 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Dr Benedict Standen, head of dsmfirmenich’s ANH aqua marketing moderating the conference

Jutta Kesselring, Scientist, ANH

Eduardo Yamashita, DSM’s Aqua Technical Manager – Latam talks a about reducing feed costs

Ivo Lansbergen, President of Animal Nutrition and Health at dsm-Firmenich emphasising the need for the aqua industry to focus on its carbon footprint and address issues surrounding environmental impact and sustainability in his opening presentation

encourages the aquaculture industry to not only do more in addressing climate change, but to communicate what it does through retailers to consumers.

Roundup of topics

Rounding off the plenary was an in-depth presentation addressing challenges and expectation in Aquaculture’s Market Outlook. This was given by Rabobank’s widely renowned Gorjan Nikolik, who focused his attention on salmon, shrimp and fishmeal markets. Informative presentations under the heading of Improving Aquatic Animal Robustness – Strong Host covered topics ranging from Boosting the first line of defence (by Professor Jaime Romero, Associate Professor, Universidad de Chile); Upgrading immunity through the diet (by Fabio Cervellione, Director Nutrition and Health, G.O. Johnsen AS) and Mitigating predisposing factors of disease (by Anneliese Müller, the product manager for Mycotoxin Risk Management at the Competence Centre of Mycotoxins).

And finally, from the morning session and under Improving Aquatic Animal Robustness - Pathogen Control & Environment looked at Healthy water, happy shrimp from a farmer’s perspective (Rizky Darmawan, CEO, Marine Delta Group) See feature on page 40; Novel tools to overcome smart pathogens (Jutta Kesselring, Scientist, ANH) which was followed by a Panel discussion The afternoon included a session on Protecting your Profits: • Raw material price cycles: what does the past teach us? • Reducing feed cost without compromising feed quality • Break the mould, not the bank And the final session of the second day and concluding the conference was Sustainability through Partnership: • Salmon: the gold standard for sustainability? • Secrets of Ecuador success • Does tilapia have an image problem? • A Roundtable discussion following break-out sessions

EXTRUSION AND EXPANSION TECHNOLOGY YOU CAN TRUST with the Extruder AXT 220 The Almex AXT 220 Single screw extruder consists of a robust base frame that supports the main motor, gearbox, and extruder barrel. This frame can be executed in mild steel or stainless steel for extended lifetime. The direct coupled inline geared motor ensures the optimal energy efficiency. Capacity: 10,0 - 12,0 t/h (indication only)

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www.almex.nl International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 55

20 FEED MILLING 23

MAXIMISED

October 5th, 2023

A REVIEW OF A CONFERENCE FOR FEED MILLERS São Paulo, Brazil

2023 saw VICTAM’s debut in Latin America, from 3-5 October, during which Perendale Publishers, in partnership with VICTAM, held a ‘Feed Milling Maximised’ seminar on the last day. Over the three-day event, 4327 Visitors came from 30 countries, including Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Mexico, Venezuela, and others. These visitors included key players, decision makers, and influencers in the industry. Areas of the industry covered span from feed or flour processing technology, feed ingredients, to storage handling, packaging, automation, spare parts, safety, and others. During the event, 250 companies exhibited, and 27

conferences and presentations were held. The Feed Milling Maximised seminar, held by Perendale Publishers, was created to give audiences updates on equipment and technologies using in modern day feed milling that improve efficiencies whilst maximising output. The seminar was open to all attending the event, targeted at feed millers who wish to learn about the latest technical equipment being used in feed manufacturers whilst also hearing from leaders in feed sectors in Latin America. It took place in an ideal location on the exhibition floor, surrounded by exhibitors stands and key players in the industry,

56 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Industry Events giving space for interested attendees to join the workshop theatre to learn more. There were three keynote speakers for this conference, covering the topics Sustainability, energy, and environment. The first keynote speaker was Ricardo Gomes Pereira, who spoke on feed efficiency related to sustainability. The second keynote speaker was Gustavo Cajamarca, from Skretting, who covered extruded foods and the development of Ecuador’s aquaculture industry, in relation to energy. The Final Keynote speaker was Pedro Viega, Cargill, covered the environment topic. The sustainability section of the seminar featured speakers including Romulo Resende (Territory Manager for Feed and industrial at CPM), who presented on sustainable feed innovation. Michael Cheng (Global Solutions director in Pet&Aqua for Famsun) covered sustainable development in an aquafeed factory. Ed de Souza (Extrusion systems process director at Wenger) talked about the sustainable developments in petfood extrusion. The section of the seminar focused on Energy included speakers such as Jose Martins (Application Process Manager for Andritz), who touched based upon technology enabling raw material substitution. Arthur Vom Hofe (CPM), presented ways to save energy in the feed grinding and pelleting process. Thomas Runde from Tietjen, spoke on particle size reduction, a critical view on fine grinding and energy efficiency) The last component of the seminar was focused on Environment, and included Neal Cass (Technical Sales Manager at Hydronix), who presented on the importance of moisture control and measurement throughout the milling process. Giuseppe Bigliani (Director of Feed Platform Sales LatAm at AGI), who presented on ‘The Feed mill of the future’. Giuseppe ended his presentation with some key tips for those attending, to stay informed in the industry, get involved, and always think about the future. There was a great turnout from a variety of attendees, who had the chance to hear all the latest updates in the industry and engage with in-depth conversations created as a result of the seminar.

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 57

insights

Feed Milling Maximised at Victam LaTam 2023 The Feed Milling Maximised seminar, held by Perendale Publishers, was created to give audiences updates on equipment and technologies using in modern day feed milling that improve efficiencies whilst maximising output. The seminar was open to all attending the event, targeted at feed millers who wish to learn about the latest technical equipment being used in feed manufacturers whilst also hearing from

VICTAM insights - December 2023 | 58

leaders in feed sectors in Latin America. There were three keynote speakers for this conference, covering the topics Sustainability, energy, and environment. The first keynote speaker was Ricardo Gomes Pereira, who spoke on feed efficiency related to sustainability. The second keynote speaker was Gustavo Cajamarca (Skretting) who covered extruded foods and the development of Ecuador’s aquaculture industry, in relation

to energy. The Final Keynote speaker was Pedro Viega (Cargill). The sustainability section of the seminar featured Romulo Resende (CPM), Michael Cheng (Famsun), and Ed de Souza (Wenger). The Energy section included speakers such as Jose Martins (Andritz), Arthur Vom Hofe (CPM), and Thomas Runde (Tietjen). The Environment section included Neal Cass (Hydronix), and Giuseppe Bigliani (AGI).

Michael Cheng, Famsun

Arthur Vom Hofe, CPM

Romulo Resende, CPM

Ed de Souza, Wenger

Gustavo Cajamarca, Skretting

Thomas Runde, Tietjen

Andre Mello, Andritz Pedro Viega, Cargill

VICTAM insights - December 2023 | 59

The next Victam LatAm will be in September 16-18, 2025 at the White Pavlion Expo Center Norte, São Paulo.

Ricardo Gomes Pereira

aquafeed.co.uk/web/companies Welcome to the market place, where you will find suppliers of products and services to the industry - with help from our friends at The International Aquafeed Directory (published by Turret Group). Aerators

Drum filters

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Additives DSM +43 2782 8030 www.dsm.com PROFILE: myaqua.info/uJDB

Cablevey Conveyors +1 641 673 8451 https://cablevey.com PROFILE: myaqua.info/EKbO Vigan Enginnering +32 67 89 50 41 www.vigan.com myaqua.info/aXKo

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Romer Labs +43 2272 6153310 www.romerlabs.com PROFILE: aqfeed.info/e/1610

Faivre is a French company, and one of the world leaders in the conception, manufacture and production of aquaculture machines. Since 1958, thanks to their knowledge of the market and strong experience in aquaculture, Faivre has developed high quality products to satisfy all of your needs, from one product to the full installation. Strength, effectiveness and simplicity are the qualities of their production. myaqua.info/JEzZ

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60 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

Elevator & conveyor components

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SOLUCIONES DE ALIMENTACIÓN AUTÓNOMAS

Comprender el comportamiento de los peces para alimentarlos manera más de eficiente

2022年01月

- Dietas bajas en harina de pescado

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2022

2023 2 - Febrero 26 - Número

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6 - Julio

- El cultivo del abulón: Prepararse para los retos y perspectivas que se avecinan

- Bringing nature to shrimp feeds: How can plant extracts contribute to disease management - Barramundi Resilience: Navigating Climate Challenges with Adaptability

Aquafeed

- Optimización de las dietas acuícolas con metionina

- Akvakulturledere på leting etter å avdekke fremtidens fôringredienser - Insekter til fôr og mat

International

26 - Nummer 3 Mars 2023

- Detección de alimentos funcionales mediante métodos de cultivo celular

International Aquafeed - Årgang

- Algal carotenoids as pigments for salmonids - Extruded aquafeed: A new technology for improved quality control - Shrimp farming: Developing an easy to manage & predictable technology package

- Impulsar una nutrición acuícola sostenible

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MARZO 2022

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Organiske syrer og essensielle oljer øker tarmhelsen for regnbueørret

- September 2023

- Crear impacto social a través de la actividad acuícola sostenible

Desarrollan soluciones para una industria acuícola más ecológica

- Volume 26 - Issue 9

LAS CUERDAS BIOBASED

- Sustainable fish ingredients: How cereals are being valourised & repurposed for aquafeed

TAKING CONTROL OF WATER TREATMENT: The sustainable way

International Aquafeed

THE NORWEGIAN SALMON EYE: A floating exhibition devoted to aquaculture

25 - Issue 9 - September 2022

Moisture analysers

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61 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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Comprender el comportamiento de los peces para alimentarlos manera más de eficiente

- 新冠肺炎时代在适应性安全的恢复力: 网中着陆 - 气候变化:它海产品行业将如何影响

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63 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

the interview Mark Wilson, Technical Director, World Feeds, UK

Mark Wilson is the Technical Director of World Feeds. From leaving college, he spent ten years working in horticulture. He moved into ornamental aquaculture during the early 90’s pioneering methods of breeding coral reef fish and invertebrate species for the aquarium trade. This included a number of world firsts, the ornamental shrimps Lysmata debelius and Lysmata aboinensis, being amongst them. He started New Era in 2004 to manufacture diets specifically tailored for fish species held in aquariums on RAS systems. In 2015, world feeds continued the manufacturing and development of feeds for a wider range of species including products for aquaculture.

You have a rich career in the industry. What initially lead you to this field?

Taking a species and raising it from egg through to a healthy high-quality animal requires high quality feeds. The availability of formulated feeds for this area of work was, and still is extremely limited. Commercial feeds being formulated and tailored for specific individual species, pet sector diets being aimed at goldfish and freshwater tropical species. Therefore, the only option was to formulate and make our own unique range of diets that could be applied to the wide range of species kept in both public aquariums and specialist home aquariums.

You founded World Feeds in 2004. Could you elaborate on the specific techniques or technology you employ that make your aquafeed production stand out in terms of efficiency and sustainability compared to traditional methods?

World Feeds is not a traditional feed mill that uses twin screw cooker extruders or post process coating techniques to manufacture its products. Nor was it ever considered we would attempt to mass produce feeds for large scale aquaculture. Instead, we have developed our own machines and techniques that suit our product manufacturing criteria. For us, single screw low temperature manufacturing is the most efficient low-cost process resulting in a comparatively low carbon footprint.

You recently received judge’s Special Recognition Award at the Aquaculture awards. What were the innovations that lead you to receive this honour?

Having spent almost 20 years working with some of the world’s largest aquariums on developing techniques for feeding multispecies exhibits, the challenge of producing a strategy for cleaner fish, for us, was a natural progression. Once you put more than one species into a sea cage you essentially have an aquarium. Separating the animals to optimise feeding is key and simply using pellets doesn’t create that division. Our feed blocks have been used successfully throughout the world since 2006 doing exactly what we are now doing with cleaner fish. Unlike our grazing blocks for aquariums, cleaner fish blocks have shallow grooves that stimulates attraction and allows easy purchase first feeding. As this layer is removed more work is required, reducing the animal’s ability to gorge and become less interested in the pursuit of sea lice. In addition, the blocks provide a less competitive situation for feeding as well as provide a source of behavioural enrichment.

What are your personal beliefs regarding the importance of sustainability in aquaculture, and how do they align with the company’s goals and practices?

This is a big question, for me the pursuit of sustainability is paramount for the industry’s future including that of World Feeds. However, reality presents its challenges in many ways, each having to be approached accordingly. From renewable energy sources to alternative forms of ingredients, everything has to be considered. While the industry endeavours to make its contribution, sustainability in aquaculture equally relies on the worlds contribution to sustainability. All any company can do however big or small is to produce responsibly and conscientiously scrutinising every aspect of manufacture to constantly look for ways of improvement.

In terms of global aquaculture, are there any specific regions or countries that you believe hold significant potential for growth, and what factors contribute to their promise as emerging aquaculture hubs?

I believe that RAS systems hold the key for future aquaculture development worldwide. The Middle East appears to be embarking on more and more ambitious projects throughout the region. As our diets are specifically designed and proven for artificial environments, we see huge opportunity in these markets.

In your opinion, what are the most pressing challenges or opportunities in the aquafeed industry today?

I would say the area of most concern is the reliability and continuity of high-quality raw material supply, particularly items that rely heavily on weather patterns for sustainable yields or political dilemmas that restrict production. In turn prices increases only present further challenges. However, taking all that into consideration it is encouraging to see the many exciting projects around the world that are working on alternative sources of protein. While small right now, these developments can only be a good thing for the future.

64 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

International Aquafeed - December 2023 | 65

THE INDUSTRY FACES AFDF announces new CEO The Alaska Fisheries Development Foundation (AFDF) proudly announces the appointment of Kristy Clement as Chief Executive Officer, marking a significant milestone in their ongoing commitment to fostering sustainable outcomes for Alaska’s economy, environment and communities. Kristy is an experienced and visionary leader, poised to guide AFDF into the future. Raised in the Village of Port Lions on Kodiak Island, she brings a profound respect for Alaska’s resource-rich waters and lands. Grounded in her culture and subsistence lifestyle, Kristy enjoys the tradition of harvesting and processing fish, shellfish, and berries with her family. Her deep-rooted connection to the industry began while listening to the voice of her grandmother, Peggy Dyson (aka WBH-29 Kodiak), renowned as the guiding voice of the North Pacific from 1965-2000. This experience adds a rich layer of understanding and commitment to the sustainable development of Alaska’s maritime resources. “I am thrilled to join an organization that plays a crucial role in shaping the future of Alaska’s economy. I look forward to collaborating with the AFDF board and staff to ensure that Alaska’s blue economy is well-positioned for future growth. My goal is to create lasting value for all stakeholders through innovative strategies,” says Kristy, highlighting her commitment to leading AFDF into the future. Kristy holds an BA in Organizational Management from Alaska Pacific University and an Executive MBA from the University of Washington, blending a dynamic educational background with proven leadership experience. Demonstrating a longstanding commitment to advancing the social and economic welfare in Alaska and Alaska Native communities, Kristy currently serves as the Chairperson of the Afognak Native Corporation Board of Directors. In this capacity, she has been instrumental in developing and executing strategies aimed at ensuring a sustainable future for the Corporation’s Shareholders and the broader Alaska Native community. Kristy’s diverse professional journey reflects her dedication to fostering positive change and making a lasting impact in the communities she serves.

Innovasea names Rudi Seim Managing Director of Norway operations Innovasea, a global leader in technologically advanced aquatic solutions for aquaculture and fish tracking, announced today that it has hired Rudi Seim as Managing Director of its office in Bergen, Norway. Seim comes to Innovasea from Benchmark Genetics, where he served as head of production Norway and global fish health. “Rudi was an ideal choice to lead our Norwegian business,” said Innovasea CEO David Kelly. “Not only does he have a great understanding of the market and strong contacts throughout the industry, but his background in genetics and egg production brings another area of expertise to Innovasea.” Rudi Seim has been named managing director of Innovasea’s office in Bergen, Norway. Seim has more than 15 years of experience in the global aquaculture industry. At Innovasea he will oversee all operations in Norway, including business development, sales, field service and customer support. “This is fantastic opportunity and I’m thrilled to be joining the team at Innovasea,” said Seim. “I’ve long been impressed by Innovasea’s commitment to R&D and its ability to drive technological advancements in the fish farming industry, and now I’ll get to be a part of that from the inside.” Seim holds a Bachelor of Science in economics and administration and a Master of Science in executive management, both from the Norwegian School of Economics. He also holds a master’s degree in aquamedicine from the University of Bergen.

Dramm Welcomes Noah Becker as Marketing & Sales Associate The Dramm Corporation is proud to announce Noah Dramm Becker is joining the team as a Marketing & Sales Associate. In this role, Noah will work primarily with the Commercial Products and Water Management teams in content creation, website management, social media marketing, and advertising. Noah will also have sales responsibility for several Mid-Atlantic States, working with the Northeastern Technical Representative, Brett Kroszner. Additionally, he will work with the consumer and fertilizer segments to aid in their marketing efforts. Noah joins the company after working in biotechnology for the past two years, doing research and development of new drug treatments. As a fourth-generation family member, Noah grew up around the business, working for the Dramm Corporation during summers and time away from school. “We are so excited to have Noah join us,” says Kurt Becker, EVP of Commercial Products. “His background in biochemistry, combined with his creative talents, will bring a unique perspective to the company and industry.”

66 | December 2023 - International Aquafeed

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