FROM THE EDITOR On behalf of the editorial board, I would like to present this issue to you, dear reader. In this issue we question the promises made five years ago by the Duterte regime. We expose, through the writings of INS members as well as contributors, the continuing hardship of the people during the pandemic and the state’s failed response. We hope this issue will enlighten, arouse, and mobilize you to action.
Editor-in-Chief Gabriel Gagno Managing Editors Eunice Mallari Nathaniel Molina Jonah Leigh Ramos Janielle Villamera Ram Bernal Jerome Matthew Ramos Copy Editor Gabbie Santos Layout Editor Lloyd Evangelista Cover Credits Robert Owen Ganado EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Chairperson Lance Espejo Secretary-General Alonzo dela Cruz Nationalist Studies Program Committee Head Pat Jasmin People’s Education Committee Head Ryan Martinez Research & Editorial Committee Head Gabriel Gagno Information dissemination Committee Head Kirsten Mansilungan Membership Committee Head Heather Andres Management Committee Head Kristine Rosarda Data Committee Head Janielle Villamera
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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INS HISTORY CONTRIBUTORS THINKPIECES POETRY
VISUAL ART
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The Institute for Nationalist Studies is a non-profit, research organization based in the Philippines. It stands for a nationalist economy, people-centered development, and alternative views on local and international socio-economic and political concerns of the Filipino people. Its mission is to provide data-driven and critical analysis on national policies and the international situation to promote a sovereign and democratic nation. INS was originally founded on March 15, 2003 in coordination with the Center for Nationalist Studies (CNS) of the University of the Philippines and the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. In July 2020, the institute was reformed and relaunched in response to these trying times where the call for a sovereign Philippines that upholds the democratic rights of the majority of its people rings true.
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Ruen Zapanta Ruen is a web app developer by day who creates illustrations by night.
CONTRIBUTORS Robert Owen Ganado Militansya at Pagibig. Ito ang dalawang ideolohiyang nagpapaikot sa isang baklang artista na tulad ni Robert Owen Ganado. Kasalukuyan siyang kumukuha ng kursong Bachelor of Science in Psychology sa Politeknikong Unibersidad ng Pilipinas at kasapi ng Institute for Nationalist Studies.
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Lemuel Deinla Lemuel Deinla – bakla. depressed. magaaral ng kasaysayan. galit sa pasista.
Leo Dilay Guro. Photographer. Mahilig sa musika ng Beatles. Naniniwala sa payo ng isang kaibigan na magsulat dahil dapat magsulat hindi dahil may contest. Ama ng dalawang bata. Ako kasama ng aking kabiyak na si Chel nangako sa isa’t isa na kami ay laging nandito para sa kanila.
Antonia Guevara Si Antonia Guevara ay mag-aaral ng lipunan
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R.B. Abiva “Si R.B.ABIVA ay nagsusulat sa wikang Ilokano at Filipino, siya rin ay tagasalin, editor,musikero, pintor, at iskultor. Kumukuha siya ng M.A- Malikhaing Pagsulat sa Unibersidad ng PilipinasDiliman.”
Leo Baltar Kasalukuyang kumukuha si Leo Cosmiano Baltar ng kursong BA Journalism sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas – Diliman. Nagsusulat siya ng tula sa Filipino at Ingles. Nailathala na o mailalathala pa lamang ang kaniyang mga akda sa The New Verse News (New York), Hong Kong Protesting, proyekto ng Cha: An Asian Literary Journal, Voice & Verse Poetry Magazine (Hong Kong), & (Ampersand), Vox Populi PH, Philippine Collegian, at sa iba pang lunan. Mababasa rin ang kaniyang mga artikulo sa Tinig ng Plaridel.
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Rodolfo Dacleson II “Si Rodolfo “”Delos Santos”” Dacleson II ay ipinanganak sa Libon, Albay noong Hulyo 1, 2000 at sa kasalukuyan, siya ay naninirahan kasama ang kaniyang pamilya sa Bacoor City, Cavite. Nasa ikatlong taon na siya sa kolehiyo sa kursong BA Journalism sa Cavite State University-Imus Campus. Grumawedyt siya sa Mabolo Elementary School noong 2012. Ipinapagpatuloy niya ang kaniyang pag-aaral sa Binakayan National High School. Mula 2014 hanggang 2016, naging Associate Editor at Sports Editor siya ng The Bridge, ang pahayagang pampaaralan nito. Kinilala siya bilang “”Outstanding Journalist in English”” noong Moving Up Ceremony nila ng Batch 2016. Kinuha niya ang Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand sa Saint Mary Magdalene School. Naging parte siya ng Language Club nito bilang sports writer. Nagtapos siya ritong gold medalist sa Araw ng Pagtatapos noong 2018. Sa kasalukuyan, pinagsisilbihan niya ang unibersidad at kapwa kamag-aral bilang Punong Patnugot ng The Flare, ang Opisyal na Pahayagan ng mga Mag-aaral ng CvSUImus Campus. Hilig niya ang pagsulat at hindi niya lamang ito ginagawa upang magkwento kundi para na rin magmulat at magbigay inspirasyon sa kapwa. Patuloy din niyang nililinang ang kaniyang kakayahan upang maihanda ang sarili sa paglilingkod sa bayan sa hinaharap.
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THINKPIECES
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ACADEMIC FREEDOM: TRANSCENDING UNIVERSITY BORDERS
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THE TALE OF TWO EDSAS
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BOSES NG MASA: SANDATA KONTRA KAPALPAKAN AT BIGWAS SA PAMAHALAANG PABAYA
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Academic Freedom: Transcending University Borders by: Lemuel Deinla and Juan dela Cruz Artwork by: Ara Lorico
Academic freedom is under attack. Amidst a pressing pandemic and growing sociopolitical tension, the past few months have been too much for us to bear, as new issues seemingly arise when we open our eyes to each sunrise. Yet again, the government seems keen on finding ways to prioritize anything but the pandemic.
Last January 15, the administration unilaterally terminated the 1989 UPDND Accord, which prevented state forces from entering the institution, due to baseless claims that the university was a hub for CPP-NPA recruitment. Students and UP alumni alike have expressed their frustration and resistance to this act, as it poses a grave threat to dissent and danger to the lives of Filipino students and
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their teachers. However, for the average Filipino, the term “academic freedom” may seem foreign to the ears. Academic freedom is a guarantee that the exchange of ideas would remain free from reprisal and repression. With the presence of academic freedom, people would not have to fear punishment from authorities when studying any topic, whether it be debating if Attack on Titan is pro-fascism or not, talking about the relevance of BL series in the Philippines, or criticizing Duterte’s failed pandemic response. Ideas, no matter how mundane or radical, and their free exchange between people should be protected. To think and to express freely is a right that the state should uphold by all means. Through the Anti-Terror Law and the termination of the UP-DND Accord, the administration is suppressing the liberty of the people to think, analyze, and express. It deems deviant those who dissent from the status quo that they uphold, forcing the population to adhere to the ideals they propagate. Behind the surface, there exists a fear of ideas, for ideas have innate, immeasurable power. Ideas have the power to break the silence and to liberate. This fear of ideas is held by those who benefit from the status quo. It stems from an urgency to protect and propagate an oppressive system that serves them.
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Most prominently, our history is a witness to the power of ideas. The idea 3
of a free and independent Philippines captivated the minds of our heroes. Three hundred years of colonial oppression pushed the Filipino masses deep into brutal poverty and utter subservience that would kindle the determination to fight for freedom. Such resolve was nourished by the idea of a future free from foreign domination.The Spaniards tried their best to repress these ideas of independence, going so far as to banning any texts or books discussing such an idea and executing anyone espousing it. No matter how hard the Spaniards tried, the idea of freedom prevailed and the revolution was won in 1898. Almost a century later, Ferdinand Marcos failed to kill the idea of freedom in 1972 when he declared martial law. Scores of students and citizens kept the idea of freedom alive until Marcos was overthrown in 1986. Three years later, the hard won freedom by students would be enshrined in an accord between UP and DND that would ensure repressive state apparatuses, that is the police and military, would never again set foot in the nation’s bastion of militant freedom. However, toppling down tyrants is not the only manifestation of the power of ideas. It is further demonstrated in the ongoing struggle for freedom—freedom from poverty, freedom from patriarchy, freedom from ignorance. People should be free to question authority, investigate their lived realities, and share what they have learned.
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(Top to bottom) Educational discussions where students can teach and study with fellow students about the root cause of the country’s problems. Photo from League of Filipino Students-CSSP. January 19 mobilization in response to DND’s unilateral abrogation of UP-DND Accord. Photo from Philstar.com; Filipino Struggles Through History by Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco. Photo from news.abs-cbn.com;
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The fear of ideas is held by those who benefit from the status quo. It stems from the urgency to protect and propagate an oppressive system that serves them.
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Thus, these intrusive acts of the administration against the operations of the university are regressive of building safe spaces for thought and expression. Academic freedom itself is a constitutional right, and discarding it hinders the true growth of a student who should be free to explore the power of ideas. In scrapping academic freedom, the administration prioritizes producing slaves who blindly
follow its interests instead of critical thinkers who brazenly fight for the right change. A student should be capable of seeking the truth without the fear of state intervention. Especially in a time of rampant misinformation, stateconstricted education is not education--it is manipulation. During Duterte’s presidency, the termination of the UP-DND Accord was not the first time that he and his administration threatened the academic freedom of students and professors. In February 2018, he warned students to stop protesting or else they would be expelled. September that year, CHEd Commissioner Prospero De Vera told state universities to halt calling for Duterte’s ouster as it was “illegal.” In October 2018, then PNP chief Director General Oscar Albayalde threatened to charge teachers who “instigate students to go against the government.” The AFP even created a list of universities that were supposedly havens for communist recruiters, however, the list includes a non-existent city college in Caloocan. The said institutions were redtagged by Gen. Antonio Parlade Jr. in an attempt to link them to a plot to overthrow the government. The accord itself was violated several times before its unilateral abrogation by Sec. Delfin Lorenzana. During the Independence Day protest denouncing NCRPO chief Debold Sinas’ mañanita party and the Anti-Terror Bill, the police entered UP Diliman premises to block protesters from
joining the rally. Police forces trespassed UP Cebu to arrest protesters conducting a peaceful demonstration. Last November 2020, Duterte also threatened to defund UP for calling an academic strike, even if it was ADMU students who did so. Just recently, PNP raided the University of San Carlos to ‘rescue’ Lumad children who were being cared for by the institution. The police filed abduction cases later against volunteer teachers and elders. Despite constant suppression, academic freedom should be protected at all times— it is precisely this that gives society answers to the problems that continue to plague its soil. Academic freedom grants the academe liberty to research on the issues that are present in the community, whether simple or systemic. Thus, academic freedom transcends just the university or collegiate sphere; it continues to affect society through research, policy, and rippling change. This is why the free exchange of ideas is a human right. To label dissenters as criminals suppresses the growth that society needs to thrive. In protecting academic freedom, we safeguard a future that treasures free expression and innovation. From these seemingly simple ideas arise genuine, liberating change. Such is the power of ideas when maximized for the greater good--it blazes a trail towards a promising dawn of freedom and justice.
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The Tale of Two EDSAs by: Lemuel Deinla Artwork by: Lloyd Evangelista
For the many who pass through EDSA regularly, this highway is just a highway, one that is heavily congested at any point of the day. EDSA is one of the sources of daily frustration for drivers and commuters alike. But if you closely observe our daily sojourn on this highway, you would see that there are actually two EDSAs. The first EDSA, the one easy to see, is the roadside. One can observe the heavy traffic caused by the sea of cars 7
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going here and there. Cars of all sizes can be found in this EDSA and every once in a while, one can see a Mustang or a Porsche weaving through the traffic. There are the occasional Fortuners and Monteros and sedans of all colors. Drivers are in the comfort of their own cars, cushioned by their financial security. Then there is the other side of EDSA, the pedestrian sidewalk. It is easy to miss
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An alternative to this rotten structure is within our reach and together, we can create a new world free from poverty and suffering. We have nothing to lose but our chains. 22 9
the lonely souls of this EDSA, especially when one chooses to close their eyes from the malaise of society, but they are there. Homeless people panhandling their way from one meal to another. The poorest of the poor sleep on cold concrete, weathering the elements, rain or shine, hungry for most of the day. They have become invisible to most people passing by EDSA.
job amidst a pandemic? What forces led me to sit in an air-conditioned bus that cozily takes me to my workplace while I hopelessly and helplessly wonder about the lives of EDSA’s mendicants? Is it just pure luck that separates my comfortable life from their miserable existence? Why do people in power still have the guts to steal from public coffers when so many people are deprived of their basic needs?
For two weeks now, I have been traversing EDSA daily through my company’s shuttle service. I just started working as a call center agent for one of the world’s largest e-commerce platforms, known for extracting billions of profits at the expense of workers’ welfare. By just observing EDSA, one can tell the sad story of the suffering of our fellow impoverished Filipinos. It is a story of the government’s failure to aid and provide relief to economically vulnerable Filipinos. Put this story against the backdrop of the soaring inequality in Philippine society and one will understand the whole picture. EDSA perfectly captures this. And every so often, I ask myself why I am here in my current position.
I am angry at the government, the bureaucrat-capitalists who suck off taxpayers’ hard-earned money, at the neoliberal free market capitalist system that further entrenches poverty in the Philippines and in the world at large. I am angry that I feel powerless to help them. I am angry because I feel like no one is angered anymore by the absurdity of it all.
It hurts to see that there are so many people who are denied the opportunities for a better life because of economic, social and political inequality. I cannot help but question the unfairness of this world; to question my existence. Who takes care of the poor? Who looks after them? Why am I so privileged to have a
But it does not have to be this way. I fervently believe that protection from poverty is a fundamental human right. If upholding this breaks the system, then that system deserves to be broken. An alternative to this rotten structure is within our reach and together, we can create a new world free from poverty and suffering. We have nothing to lose but our chains.
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Boses ng Masa: Sandata Kontra Kapalpakan at Bigwas sa Pamahalaang Pabaya by: Rodolfo Dacleson II Artwork by: Robert Owen Ganado
Ngayong humaharap ang buong Pilipinas sa banta ng bagong coronavirus o COVID-19 na idineklara ng World Health Organization (WHO) bilang isang pandemya, mas isiniwalat lamang ng naturang krisis ang umaalingasaw na baho ng rehimeng Rodrigo Duterte. Hanggang ngayon ay wala pa ring naipepresentang konkretong solusyon ang administrasyon. Simula’t sapul nang tumama ang pandemya sa ating bansa,
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kalituhan imbis na kaliwanagan ang naidulot ng mga polisiyang ipinatupad ng gobyerno na hindi mapagkakailang makukwestiyon kung nakabase ba sa mga siyentipikong pag-aaral. Hanggang sa kasalukuyan, libu-libong bagong kaso pa rin ng nakahahawang sakit ang naitatala ng Department of Health (DOH) bawa’t araw. Kabaligtaran ito ng mga pahayag ni Health Secretary Francisco Duque III na na-flatten na raw ang curve. Bukod pa rito, binatikos ng publiko ang diumano’y walang pakundangang pangungutang ng administrasyon sa World Bank at iba pang loan governing bodies sa mundo. Ayon sa mga kritiko, utang lang nang utang ang bansa ngunit hindi naman napapansin ang sinasabing ambag nito sa kasalukuyang kalagayan ng lipunan. Pinutakti ng samu’t saring anomalya ang pamamalakad ni Duterte sapagkat nais malaman ng taumbayan kung saan ba napupunta ang pondong inutang. Kung usaping ekonomiya naman, bumagsak sa 9.5% ang gross domestic product (GDP) ng bansa noong 2020; ang pinakamababang naitala nito matapos ang Ikalawang Pandaigdigang Digmaan. Base sa ulat ng Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), lumala rin ang inflation rate na humataw sa 4.2% hindi lamang dahil sa pandemya kundi pati na rin sa pag-aalburoto ng bulkang Taal at mga tumamang bagyo. Isa itong malaking balakid para sa mga pamilyang
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kumikita lamang ng minimum wage. Maraming kompanya’t mga negosyo rin ang napilitang magbawas ng mga manggagawa o tuluyang nagsara na dahil hindi na nagawang makabangon mula sa pagbagsak ng ekonomiya dulot ng pandemya. Nagresulta rin ito sa paglobo ng mga walang trabaho sa bansa. Higit sa lahat, ang pinuna at kinondena ng mga Pilipino ay ang pagsasawalang kibo ng awtoridad sa mga ginawang paglabag sa mga alituntunin ng mga kaalyado ni Digong habang ganoon naman ito kabagsik sa mga kritiko nito. Halimbawa nito ay ang pagtatalaga kay Debold Sinas bilang Philippine National Police (PNP) Chief sa kabila nang hindi nito pagsunod sa quarantine protocols nang mabisto ang kaniyang mañanita. Dagdag pa rito, ay ang pag-abswelto at hindi paglilitis ng Department of Justice (DOJ) kay Aquilino “Koko” Pimentel III na lumabag din sa mga alituntunin nang samahan nito ang kaniyang asawa sa Makati Medical Center kahit na siya ay positibo na sa COVID. Inilagay niya lang naman sa panganib ang kalusugan at buhay ng mga medical frontliners. Sa pandemyang kinakaharap ng sambayanang Pilipino, ang pananahimik sa gitna ng lantarang kapabayaan at pagmamalabis ng pamahalaan at ng mga makapangyarihan ay tumutumbas sa pagpapasinaya o pagpapahintulot sa kanilang bulok na sistemang pinaiiral. Ang pagiging pipi sa likod ng walang
Bilang isang Pilipino, dapat tayong makiisa, tumindig, at bumoses laban sa hindi patas, makatao, at palpak na pamamahala.
habas na panunupil ng kasalukuyang administrasyon ay walang pinagkaiba sa extra-judicial killings (EJK), “pangrered tag” sa mga kritiko, pagiging tuta ng imperyalistang Amerika at Tsina at iba pang pangyuyurak sa karapatang pantao at pambabastos sa Saligang Batas. Marapat lamang na magbigay opinyon, ideya, sentimyento o rekomendasyon ang mga indibidwal na bumubuo ng isang demokratikong lipunan. Pagpapatunay ito na hindi tayo kuntento sa serbisyo ng mga namamahala. Hindi sagot ang pananahimik at hindi nito malulutas ang ating mga suliranin sapagka’t hindi malalaman ng mga nasa itaas ang mga hinaing ng mga nasa marhinalisadong sektor.
Dapat ding tandaan at maunawaan ng taumbayan na hindi lamang ang midya at mga mamamahayag ang may responsibilidad na pangalagaan at payabungin ang freedom of expression at freedom of speech na ginagarantiya ng Konstitusyon 1987. Nakasaad sa Artikulo III, Seksyon 4, “Hindi dapat magpatibay ng batas na nagbabawas sa Kalayaan sa pananalita, pagpapahayag, o ng pamahayagan, o sa Karapatan ng mga taong-bayan na mapayapang magkatipon at magpetisyon sa pamahalaan upang ilahad ang kanilang mga karaingan”. Bilang isang Pilipino, dapat tayong makiisa, tumindig at bumoses laban sa hindi patas, makatao at palpak na pamamahala. Hindi kailanman naging o magiging anyo ng terorismo ang aktibismo. Ang pagpuna sa mga kamalian at kabaluktutan ng mga sistemang pinatatakbo ng awtoridad ay isang tungkulin na dapat gampanan nating mga mamamayan upang mapabuti ang bansa. Samakatuwid, ang mga rally sa Mendiola at iba pang lansangan saan mang panig ng Pilipinas ay hindi pawang pag-iingay o panggugulo lamang kundi pagpapakita ng ating paniniwala na may kailangang ayusin, gayundin ang pagtupad sa mga gampaning itinadhana ng batas.
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Bukod pa rito, hindi rin nila tayo maaaring patahimikin, gipitin at gamitan ng dahas sapagka’t ang malayang pamamahayag ay isang karapatang pinoprotektahan ng United Declarations 14
Ang malayang pamamahayag ay hindi isang pribilehiyo kundi karapatang dapat na gamitin at ipaglaban upang maiparinig ang boses ng masa... 28
on Human Rights (UDHR) partikular na ang Artikulo 19 nito na nagsasabing: “Ang bawat tao’y may karapatan sa kalayaan ng pagkukuro at pagpapahayag; kasama ng karapatang ito ang kalayaan at kuro-kuro nang walang panghihimasok at humanap,tumanggap at magbigay impormasyon at kaisipan sa pamamagitan ng alin mang paraan ng pagkakalat at walang pagsasaalang-alang ng mga hangganan.” Ang malayang pamamahayag ay hindi isang pribilehiyo kundi karapatang dapat na gamitin at ipaglaban upang maiparinig ang boses ng masa na kinakailangang suportahan at tustusan ng pamahalaan lalong-lalo na ngayong humaharap ang bansa sa giyera kontra pandemya. Dapat nating imulat ang ating mga mata. Patalasin ang pag-iisip, pandayin
ang pamimilosopo at husayan ang pagbibigay argumento, suhestiyon at opinyon nang sa gayon ay magkaroon ng patas at kolektibong pananaw ang ating lipi. Ang ating mga bibig ay sandatang maituturing. Isang biyayang ipinagkaloob upang isulong ang katarungan, kalayaan at katotohanan laban sa anumang pamamasista at diktadura ninuman. Iparinig natin ang ating mga boses at patunayan natin sa lahat na may mararating ang pagrereklamo upang maituwid ang mga baluktot na paniniwala at pamamalakad ng nasa itaas. Ang kinagisnan ay dapat nang baguhin. Kinakailangan nang alisin ang kadenang naging pasakit sa atin. Oras nang lumaya sa hawlang sila ang may gawa upang tayo ay ikulong at paamuhin. Ipaglaban natin ang karapatan para sa malayang pamamahayag at progresibong bansa.
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POETRY
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ISANG HAPON SA KALYE PACO ROMAN
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KONTRAKTUWAL
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BALITA
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PITONG PISO
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MANGGAGAWA
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Isang Hapon sa Kalye Paco Roman by: R. B. Abiva Artwork by: Lloyd Evangelista
De-makina at de-gasolinang kabayo kalesang yari sa bakal na kulay- abo sunog na sunog ang balat ng kutsero yayat ang katawan at nakapamukol ang mga buto.
Nakapamaywang ang ‘sang Ale sa lilim suot ang pulang daster na pantanggal ng rimarim manaka-naka’y kakaway at tititig nang malalim at kapag nasima ka sa tingi’y aalukin kang maglaro sa dilim.
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Abala sa pangangalkal ng basura si Kagit kilalang mayaman noon ngayo’y pobre’t naubusan ng bait pagala-gala kahit ‘alang sagala, paulit-ulit ang sambit ang bibig n’yang malalim sa hugot, alingasaw ay pait at kung kumapit sa damit ay ano palang lupit ang kanya noong sinapit at buhay ng anak ang naging kapalit .
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Pumuputok ang isaw sa ibabaw ng baga gayundin ang laman, leeg, ulo at tainga nangamoy- sunog na bangkay ang mahabang kalsada at iginuhit ng liwanag ang tagpi-tagping alaala paglao’y umalingawngaw ang sunud-sunod na pitada at nangagsiliparan ang mga bangaw na balisa sa basurahan na wari’y mainit na bala. Nakatayo sa gilid, nakatingin nang matalim ang batang pinanday ng bangis at dagim humakbang pasulong hawak ang patalim
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patalim ang ipinanlaban sa pangil ng lagim. 20
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Kontraktuwal by: Leo Baltar Artwork by: Jonah Leigh Ramos
Isusuko mo Ang pagal na katawan Sa banig Kilalang-kilala na Ng iyong anino Ang ganitong bigat Isang buntonghininga Bago tuluyang ipikit Ang mga mata Habang inaalala Na bukas May aalalahanin pa
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Ayuda by: Leo Baltar Artwork by: Robert Owen Ganado
Habang sumisikip ang di mapirming mundo’t lumiliit ang hanggahan ng siyudad, may nadaragdag na pangalan sa kanilang gawa-gawang listahan. Minumukhaan ng unipormado nilang balat-kayo maging bakas-anino ng bagong katawang babansagan nilang kaaway. Mabubuti tayong mamamayan, sila’y ahente ng estado, hahanapan tayo ng masama. Kinikilala ang ating mukha, hindi ang panawagan. Reclusion ang sentensiya sa magbabalak na pumuna.
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Bala ang tanging ayuda sa kumakalam na sikmura.
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Balita by: Leo Dilay Artwork by: Robert Owen Ganado
Tol buksan mo nga yun tv meron daw announcement si Duterte. After the 15 th of May, if the ECQ will not be extended anymore, we will implement the “new normal” and all industries will be back into operations. Sa wakas, meron din magandang balita lumabas sa bibig ng pangulo hahaha. Tol nag text si boss, simula raw sa Lunes magbabawas na ng trabahador, Malaki ang lugi, pasensya na daw. Kasama tayo sa mga matatanggal.
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Pitong Piso by: Leo Baltar Artwork by: Lloyd Evangelista
Pitong piso lamang Ang naghihiwalay sa amin sa hukay. Halos hindi pagitan kundi hatid-libingan, Kural ng nalalabi pang búhay Na para bang hindi kami naghatid Ng kanin sa kanilang hapag. At sa kanilang bawat pagdighay, Nilalamon kami ng gutom Tila punòng unti-unting nabubuwal. Palay na ginto namin kung ituring, Pitong piso na lamang Ang nararating
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Manggagawa by: Antonia Guevara Artwork by: Lloyd Evangelista
kahit ang face mask na suot ng pasista; ay likha nila.
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VISUAL ART
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LUMAD SCHOOLS
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QUOTA
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Lumad Schools
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Artwork by: Ruen Zapanta
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Quota Artwork by: Rob Owen Ganado
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“The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it.” -Karl Marx
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