Gr 9-English Home Language-Study Guide

Í2(È-E-EHL-SG01FÎ

2

0

0

9

-

E

-

E

H

L

-

S

G

0

1

ENGLISH HOME LANGUAGE STUDY GUIDE

Grade 9

A member of the FUTURELEARN group

English Home Language Study guide

2009-E-EHL-SG01

Í4)È-E-EHL-SG01JÎ

Grade 9

CAPS aligned

J Mansfield A Mills A Schwartz

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

CONTENTS

LESSON ELEMENTS...............................................................................................................................11 RECOMMENDED READING.................................................................................................................12 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................13 YEAR PLAN..............................................................................................................................................14 UNIT 1: Weeks 1 – 2..............................................................................................................................15 LESSON 1: A picture is worth a thousand words........................................................................15 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking ............................................................................................16 Activity 1: Talk about advertisements..........................................................................................16 Activity 2: Listening exercise...........................................................................................................18 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing..................................................................................................21 Activity 3: Read about advertising techniques.........................................................................21 Activity 4: Read a visual text............................................................................................................26 Activity 5: Look at the structure of a book.................................................................................27 Activity 6: Focus on literature: The elements of a short story...........................................30 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting..............................................................................................32 Activity 7: Write an advertisement ...............................................................................................32 Activity 8: Plan and design a first draft ......................................................................................33 Activity 9: Revise and edit an advertisement ...........................................................................34 Activity 10: Proofread and present an advertisement .........................................................34 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ...............................................................34 Activity 11: Simple tenses.................................................................................................................34 Activity 12: Concord.............................................................................................................................37 UNIT 1: Weeks 3 – 4..............................................................................................................................40 LESSON 2: It’s up to us........................................................................................................................40 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking .............................................................................................41 Activity 13: Learn more about reading aloud...........................................................................41 Activity 14: Read aloud ......................................................................................................................43 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing..................................................................................................46 Activity 15: Study a visual text........................................................................................................46 Activity 16: Read a short story .......................................................................................................47 Activity 17: Study a poem: ‘Ode to cockroaches’ (Philip de Vos) .....................................52 Activity 18: Read a folktale: ‘Inkogiledane’ (As told to J. David by Shembi)................57 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting..............................................................................................60 Activity 19: Read a letter of appreciation...................................................................................60 Activity 20: Plan a letter of appreciation....................................................................................62 Activity 21: Write the first draft......................................................................................................62 Activity 22: Revise, edit, proofread and present a letter......................................................62 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ...............................................................63 Activity 23: Spelling patterns...........................................................................................................63 Activity 24: Sentence structure.......................................................................................................64 Unit 1: Weeks 5 – 6...............................................................................................................................68 LESSON 3: The common touch..........................................................................................................68 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking..............................................................................................69

3

© Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Activity 25: Listen to a telephone conversation.......................................................................69 Activity 26: Role play a verbal transaction.................................................................................70 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing..................................................................................................71 Activity 27: Read a contract..............................................................................................................71 Activity 28: Read a formal letter.....................................................................................................75 Activity 29: ‘The Serpent’ (Theodore Roethke).......................................................................78 Activity 30: Focus on literature: ‘Loyalties’ (Adewale Maja-Pearce)..............................80 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting..............................................................................................82 Activity 31: Read a report..................................................................................................................82 Activity 32: Plan a report...................................................................................................................84 Activity 33: Write the first draft of a report...............................................................................84 Activity 34: Revise, edit, proofread and present a report....................................................84 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions................................................................85 Activity 35: Questions.........................................................................................................................85 Activity 36: Direct speech..................................................................................................................86

UNIT 1: Weeks 7 – 8..............................................................................................................................90 LESSON 4: It’s all in the details.........................................................................................................90 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking..............................................................................................91 Activity 37: Listen to a dialogue......................................................................................................91 Activity 38: Present an unprepared speech...............................................................................92 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing..................................................................................................95 Activity 39: Read a scene from a play...........................................................................................95 Activity 40: Answer questions.........................................................................................................97 Activity 41: Study a poem: ‘Chivvy’ (Michael Rosen)............................................................98 Activity 42: Focus on literature: The Sailor’s Return (Stephen Curtis)......................... 100 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 103 Activity 43: Write a descriptive essay........................................................................................ 103 Activity 44: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 107 Activity 45: Revise and edit the first draft ............................................................................... 107 Activity 46: Proofread and present the essay......................................................................... 107 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 108 Activity 47: Regular and irregular verbs................................................................................... 108 Activity 48: Change direct speech to reported speech........................................................ 109 UNIT 1: Weeks 9 – 10........................................................................................................................ 114 LESSON 5: It’s news to me............................................................................................................... 114 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 115 Activity 49: Listen to an interview............................................................................................... 116 Activity 50: Give a report................................................................................................................. 117 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 118 Activity 51: Read a magazine article........................................................................................... 118 Activity 52: Study a poem: ‘A poem for the rainforest’ (Judith Nicholls).................... 120 Activity 53: Revise literature: The Sailor’s Return.................................................................122 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 124 Activity 54: Write a report ............................................................................................................. 124 Activity 55: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 126 Activity 56: Revise and edit the report...................................................................................... 126 © Impaq

4

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Activity 57: Proofread and present the report....................................................................... 127 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 127 Activity 58: Mood................................................................................................................................ 127 Activity 59: Complete different types of sentences.............................................................. 128

UNIT 2: Weeks 1 – 2........................................................................................................................... 130 LESSON 6: Where there’s a will, there’s a way.......................................................................... 130 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 131 Activity 60: Listen to a short story............................................................................................... 134 Activity 61: Participate in a discussion...................................................................................... 136 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 141 Activity 62: Read an extract from a youth novel.................................................................... 141 Activity 63: Read a last will and testament ............................................................................. 145 Activity 64: Read a poem: ‘The eagle’ (Alfred, Lord Tennyson)...................................... 150 Activity 65: Focus on literature: ‘Mbulumila the clay monster’ (Julius Oelke)......... 151 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 152 Activity 66: Brainstorm ideas for diary entries...................................................................... 152 Activity 67: Write the first draft of a diary entry................................................................... 156 Activity 68: Revise and edit diary entries................................................................................. 156 Activity 69: Proofread and present diary entries.................................................................. 157 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 157 Activity 70: Prefixes and suffixes.................................................................................................. 157 Activity 71: Generalisations............................................................................................................ 159 UNIT 2: Weeks 3 – 4........................................................................................................................... 162 LESSON 7: The sky’s the limit........................................................................................................ 162 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 163 Activity 72: Listen to a speech....................................................................................................... 163 Activity 73: Present an unprepared reading .......................................................................... 165 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 166 Activity 74: Read an extract from a play................................................................................... 166 Activity 75: Read a newspaper article........................................................................................ 171 Activity 76: Study a poem: ‘Leviathan’ (Douglas Livingstone)........................................ 175 Activity 77: Focus on literature: ‘Noorjehan’ (Ahmed Essop).......................................... 176 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 177 Activity 78: Brainstorm and plan a review.............................................................................. 177 Activity 79: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 181 Activity 80: Revise and edit a review.......................................................................................... 182 Activity 81: Proofread and present a review........................................................................... 183 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 183 Activity 82: Finite and infinite verbs.......................................................................................... 183 Activity 83: Complete a crossword puzzle .............................................................................. 185 UNIT 2: Weeks 5 – 6 .......................................................................................................................... 189 LESSON 8: Let’s meet........................................................................................................................ 189 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 191 Activity 84: Listen to an interview............................................................................................... 191 Activity 85: Discuss the interview............................................................................................... 191

5

© Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 193 Activity 86: Read an adaptation of a short story................................................................... 193 Activity 87: Read an agenda and minutes................................................................................. 197 Activity 88: Study a poem: ‘The nightwatchman’ (Fhazel Johennesse)....................... 204 Activity 89: Focus on literature: ‘Mmutla and Phiri’ (Ellen Molokela)......................... 205 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 206 Activity 90: Plan an agenda and write the first draft........................................................... 206 Activity 91: Revise, edit, proofread and present an agenda............................................. 207 Activity 92: Plan minutes of a meeting and write the first draft.................................... 207 Activity 93: Revise, edit, proofread and present minutes.................................................. 207 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 207 Activity 94: Adjectives....................................................................................................................... 207 Activity 95: Prepositions.................................................................................................................. 209

UNIT 2: Weeks 7 – 8........................................................................................................................... 213 LESSON 9: Everyone matters.......................................................................................................... 213 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 214 Activity 96: Listen to an advertisement..................................................................................... 214 Activity 97: Present an analysis of an advertisement.......................................................... 217 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 217 Activity 98: View an advertisement............................................................................................ 217 Activity 99: Read a news report.................................................................................................... 219 Activity 100: Revise poetry............................................................................................................. 221 Activity 101: Focus on literature: ‘The village shop’ (Michael Anthony).................... 223 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 225 Activity 102: Write a review........................................................................................................... 225 Activity 103: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 226 Activity 104: Revise and edit a review....................................................................................... 226 Activity 105: Proofread and present a review........................................................................ 227 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 227 Activity 106: Nouns and pronouns.............................................................................................. 227 Activity 107: Present continuous tense..................................................................................... 230 UNIT 3: Weeks 1 – 2........................................................................................................................... 233 LESSON 10: Will you, or won’t you?............................................................................................. 233 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 234 Activity 108: Present a role play................................................................................................... 234 Activity 109: Listen to a dialogue................................................................................................. 236 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 237 Activity 110: Read an abridged will and testament............................................................. 237 Activity 111: View a visual text..................................................................................................... 238 Activity 112: Study a poem: ‘At Woodward’s gardens’ (Robert Frost)......................... 239 Activity 113: Focus on literature: ‘Spider and the crows’ (Dianne Stewart)............. 241 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 243 Activity 114: Write a will and testament.................................................................................. 243 Activity 115: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 244 Activity 116: Revise and edit the will......................................................................................... 244 Activity 117: Proofread and write the final version............................................................. 244 © Impaq

6

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 244 Activity 118: Adjectival and adverbial phrases and clauses............................................. 244 Activity 119: Paronyms and abstract nouns............................................................................ 246

UNIT 3: Weeks 3 – 4 .......................................................................................................................... 248 LESSON 11: Invest in yourself........................................................................................................ 248 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 250 Activity 120: Listen to an interview............................................................................................ 250 Activity 121: Discuss a CV............................................................................................................... 251 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 252 Activity 122: Read a cover letter and CV................................................................................... 252 Activity 123: Read an extract from a novel.............................................................................. 255 Activity 124: Study a poem: ‘Walls’ (Oswald Mbuyiseni Mtshali).................................. 259 Activity 125: Focus on literature: ‘In the shadow of war’ (Ben Okri)........................... 260 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 264 Activity 126: Write a CV and cover letter.................................................................................. 264 Activity 127: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 265 Activity 128: Revise and edit ......................................................................................................... 265 Activity 129: Proofread and present........................................................................................... 265 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 266 Activity 130: Noun clauses.............................................................................................................. 266 Activity 131: Continuous tense..................................................................................................... 267 UNIT 3: Weeks 5 – 6........................................................................................................................... 271 LESSON 12: Once upon a time ... ................................................................................................... 271 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 273 Activity 132: Listen to a debate..................................................................................................... 273 Activity 133: Present an argument for a debate.................................................................... 275 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 276 Activity 134: Study a poem: ‘Blues for District Six’ (Abdullah Ibrahim)..................... 276 Activity 135: Focus on literature: ‘How Hlakanyana outwitted the monster’ (Jack Cope) ........................................................................................................................................ 278 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting.......................................................................................... 280 Activity 136: Brainstorm and plan an argumentative essay ........................................... 280 Activity 137: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 283 Activity 138: Revise and edit an essay....................................................................................... 283 Activity 139: Proofread and present an essay........................................................................ 283 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 284 Activity 140: Perfect tense.............................................................................................................. 284 Activity 141: Perfect continuous tense...................................................................................... 285 UNIT 3: Weeks 7 – 8 .......................................................................................................................... 288 LESSON 13: A powerful mind......................................................................................................... 288 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 289 Activity 142: Listen to a speech.................................................................................................... 290 Activity 143: Give a speech............................................................................................................. 291 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 292 Activity 144: Read an extract from a novel.............................................................................. 292

7

© Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Activity 145: View an invitation and reply............................................................................... 294 Activity 146: Study a poem: ‘To Philippa Pell’ (David Pell Goodwin)........................... 297 Activity 147: Focus on literature: ‘The luncheon’ (W. Somerset Maugham)............. 298 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 299 Activity 148: Brainstorm and plan an invitation................................................................... 299 Activity 149: Draft and revise an invitation............................................................................. 299 Activity 150: Proofread and present an invitation............................................................... 300 Activity 151: Write a reply to an invitation.............................................................................. 300 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 300 Activity 152: Practise spelling....................................................................................................... 300 Activity 153: One word for a phrase........................................................................................... 301

UNIT 3: Weeks 9 – 10........................................................................................................................ 303 LESSON 14: Talk about it................................................................................................................. 303 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 304 Activity 154: Tell a story.................................................................................................................. 304 Activity 155: Role play a dialogue................................................................................................ 306 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 307 Activity 156: Read an extract from a play................................................................................. 307 Activity 157: Read another scene from the play.................................................................... 309 Activity 158: Study a poem: ‘Forgotten people’ (Nkathazo ka Mnyayiza).................. 312 Activity 159: Study a folktale: ‘The Sultan’s daughter’ (I.D. du Plessis)...................... 313 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting.......................................................................................... 316 Activity 160: Write a dialogue....................................................................................................... 316 Activity 161: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 318 Activity 162: Revise and edit a dialogue................................................................................... 318 Activity 163: Proofread and present a dialogue.................................................................... 319 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 319 Activity 164: Revise pronouns....................................................................................................... 319 Activity 165: Verbs.............................................................................................................................. 321 UNIT 4: Weeks 1 – 2........................................................................................................................... 324 LESSON 15: Apply yourself............................................................................................................. 324 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 325 Activity 166: Read texts critically................................................................................................. 325 Activity 167: Have a meeting......................................................................................................... 329 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 331 Activity 168: Read a folktale: ‘The sprig of rosemary’ (Andrew Lang)........................ 331 Activity 169: Answer questions about the folktale............................................................... 332 Activity 170: Study a poem: ‘Confession’ (Chris van Wyk)................................................ 335 Activity 171: Read a short story: ‘Tickits’ (Paul Milenski)................................................ 336 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 336 Activity 172: Write a letter of application................................................................................ 336 Activity 173: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 338 Activity 174: Revise and edit a letter.......................................................................................... 338 Activity 175: Proofread and present a letter........................................................................... 339 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 339 Activity 176: Active and passive voice....................................................................................... 339 © Impaq

8

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Activity 177: Word meanings......................................................................................................... 341

UNIT 4: Weeks 3 – 4........................................................................................................................... 344 LESSON 16: Stand up. Speak out................................................................................................... 344 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 345 Activity 178: Do a listening comprehension............................................................................ 345 Activity 179: Have a panel discussion........................................................................................ 347 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 348 Activity 180: View visual texts...................................................................................................... 348 Activity 181: Read a folktale: ‘The Chase of Slieve Gallion’ (Rosemary Sutcliff)..... 350 Activity 182: Study a poem: ‘Ozymandias’ (Percy Bysshe Shelley)............................... 353 Activity 183: Focus on literature: ‘Splendours from Ramoutsa’ (Herman Charles Bosman).............................................................................................................. 354 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 356 Activity 184: Write an email........................................................................................................... 356 Activity 185: Brainstorm and plan an email............................................................................ 358 Activity 186: Write the first draft and revise an email........................................................ 358 Activity 187: Proofread and present an email........................................................................ 359 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 359 Activity 188: Revise abbreviations.............................................................................................. 359 Activity 189: Gerunds, complex nouns and proper nouns................................................ 360 UNIT 4: Weeks 5 – 6........................................................................................................................... 363 LESSON 17: Facts or fake?............................................................................................................... 363 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 364 Activity 190: Have a conversation............................................................................................... 364 Activity 191: Present a role play................................................................................................... 365 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 366 Activity 192: Read an extract from a short story................................................................... 366 Activity 193: Answer comprehension and language questions...................................... 367 Activity 194: Study a poem: ‘Let me not to the marriage of true minds’ (William Shakespeare) .................................................................................................................... 368 Activity 195: Focus on literature: ‘A clay pipe and wild honey’ (Cicely van Straten)............................................................................................................................ 370 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 372 Activity 196: Plan an obituary....................................................................................................... 372 Activity 197: Write an obituary..................................................................................................... 374 Activity 198: Proofread and write a final version................................................................. 375 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 375 Activity 199: Revise verbs............................................................................................................... 375 Activity 200: Cause and effect........................................................................................................ 376 UNIT 4: Weeks 7 – 8........................................................................................................................... 380 LESSON 18: Bang your drum!......................................................................................................... 380 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 381 Activity 201: Give a prepared speech......................................................................................... 381 Activity 202: Read aloud.................................................................................................................. 382 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 382

9

© Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Activity 203: Read a short story: ‘Civil Peace’ (Chinua Achebe)..................................... 382 Activity 204: Revise poetry and figures of speech................................................................ 384 Activity 205: Read a folktale: ‘The snake with seven heads’ (Gcina Mhlope)........... 384 Activity 206: Focus on literature: ‘Fear’ (H.E. Bates)........................................................... 385 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 387 Activity 207: Revise dialogue and essay writing................................................................... 387 Activity 208: Write a narrative essay.......................................................................................... 390 Activity 209: Revise transactional texts and a formal letter............................................. 392 Activity 210: Practise writing an email..................................................................................... 392 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 392 Activity 211: Revise tenses............................................................................................................. 392 Activity 212: Revise clauses and types of sentences............................................................ 393

RUBRICS................................................................................................................................................ 396 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................ 407 IMAGE REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................411

© Impaq

10

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

LESSON ELEMENTS

Vocabulary The meaning of new words to fully understand the text/content.

Tips A useful hint to help improve skills.

Language structures and conventions

Key language elements that must be studied, understood and applied to the content of the lesson.

Activity

Core content and questions to test the learner’s knowledge.

11

Š Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

RECOMMENDED READING

All the texts for this year are either in the facilitator’s guide, this study guide or in the set book English for Life Reader Grade 9. However, you need to read as much as you can – this will help broaden your vocabulary, develop your imagination and improve your memory.

Besides, books can take you anywhere you want to go! Look at the bookshelf and find a new book to read.

© Impaq

12

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

INTRODUCTION

This study guide is organised into 4 units and 18 lessons. Each lesson is taught over 2 weeks.

• • • • •

Unit 1 has five themed lessons.

Unit 2 has four themed lessons and a mid-year examination.

Unit 3 has five themed lessons.

Unit 4 has four themed lessons and a year-end examination.

At the end of units 2 and 4, learners write exams.

Each lesson has 4 sections: • Listening and speaking • Reading and viewing • Writing and presenting • Language structures and conventions

Each of these sections contains activities. At the beginning of each lesson is a list of the topics covered in that lesson. At the end of each lesson are remedial and extension activities, which you may complete if time allows.

13

© Impaq

YEAR PLAN UNIT

DATE STARTED

LESSON LESSON 1: A picture is worth a thousand words

1

LESSON 2: It’s up to us

LESSON 3: The common touch

LESSON 4: It’s all in the details LESSON 5: It’s news to me!

LESSON 6: Where there’s a will, there’s a way 2

LESSON 7: The sky’s the limit LESSON 8: Let’s meet

LESSON 9: Everyone matters

LESSON 10: Will you, or won’t you?

3

LESSON 11: Invest in yourself

LESSON 12: Once upon a time ...

LESSON 13: A powerful mind LESSON 14: Talk about it

LESSON 15: Apply yourself 4

LESSON 16: Stand up. Speak out.

LESSON 17: Facts or fake?

LESSON 18: Bang your drum! © Impaq

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

14

DATE COMPLETED

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Unit

1

UNIT 1: Weeks 1 – 2

LESSON 1: A picture is worth a thousand words

In this lesson you will: • • • • • • • • •

discuss advertisements do a listening comprehension read about advertising techniques read a visual text learn more about short stories focus on literature: ‘Flight’ design an advertisement revise simple tenses learn about concord

15

© Impaq

Unit

1

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 1

Listening and speaking

Activity 1: Talk about advertisements Study the illustration on the opening page. What is everyone doing? What does the idiom in the title of the lesson refer to? In this lesson, we look at advertising and the effect it has on us as consumers. Have you ever looked at or listened critically to advertisements?

What is advertising?

The basic aim of all advertisements is to persuade the reader/listener to buy or subscribe to a certain product. Advertisements fall in the category of ‘persuasive texts’ – texts that attempt to influence the reader to perform a certain action, mainly to yield to/to buy a certain product. A persuasive text can be defined as an intentional effort at influencing a reader’s attitude and behaviour. Remember this when you are asked to write a persuasive essay.

Pre-listening and speaking 1.

Give two ways we abbreviate (shorten) the word advertisements. This form of abbreviation is called truncation or clipped words, that is, part of the word is clipped off, but the word still retains its original meaning.

Discuss your favourite and least favourite advertisements on the radio or on television.

Explain why you like or dislike them.

2.

Revise these concepts which relate to advertisements by matching the word to its meaning. Some of the words are more relevant to different media such as radio, internet, social media, print (newspaper and magazines), vehicles, billboards and television advertisements. Say which type of media each word and meaning relates to best. Write only the number and letter, for example, 1 d.

Word

1. Purpose 2. Font

3. Layout 4. Jingle

5. Slogan 6. Logo

© Impaq

Meaning a) How visual elements such as design, illustration and words are arranged and placed in the advertisement b) A design or symbol used to identify an organisation and/or its products c) Language that controls or influences people d) To create and sustain demand for products and services; to persuade people to buy a product e) A short catchy tune/song which promotes the product(s) being advertised f) The use of the senses to evoke emotion; sound (music, laughter, words, songs) sight (beautiful scenes) and so on 16

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Word 7. Emotive language 8. Sensory details 9. Manipulative language

Unit

1

Meaning g) The typeface of the words in the advertisement; must be easy to read h) A short and memorable phrase people associate with a product i) Language that evokes feelings such as fear, love, happiness

Discuss the information on nouns in the box below.

Nouns A noun names a person, place, thing, idea, action or quality.

There are four different types of nouns: 1.

Common or concrete nouns name ordinary things (a person: woman, place: shop, or thing: pencil). They are usually preceded by a, an or the.

An advertisement, a commercial, the new television programme They have gender: masculine (king), feminine (queen), common (doctor) or neuter (table).

2.

Proper nouns are specific names of people, places, days, months. They are always capitalised.

Tuesday, January, Sarah, Mpumalanga, Mount Everest 3.

Abstract nouns express ideas, concepts, or qualities that cannot be seen or experienced – they are intangible. It can frequently be an emotion or a feeling. You usually use the before an abstract noun rather than a or an.

Love, loyalty, friendship, faith, indifference, kindness, strength The night was cloaked in fear.

George still has hope, but Sam gives in to despair.

The author has a vivid imagination and creates wonderful worlds.

4.

Collective nouns name groups of people or things.

A squadron of aircraft, a murder of crows, a colony of ants.

Below are a few examples of collective nouns.

A circle of friends A class of pupils A horde of savages A host of angels A mob of rioters A pack of thieves A panel of experts A regiment of soldiers A staff of employees A troupe of acrobats

A quiver of arrows A range of mountains A ream of paper A reel of film A set of clubs A sheaf of grain A shower of rain A stack of wood A string of pearls A wad of notes

17

Š Impaq

1

Unit

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

A bask of crocodiles A leap of leopards A muster of peacocks A knot of toads A zeal of zebras A smack of jellyfish A batch of bread A galaxy of stars A group of islands A fleet of ships A forest of trees A hail of bullets A hand of bananas A flight of birds A kindle of kittens

A chest of drawers A cluster of coconuts A nest of mice A pack of wolves A plague of locusts A pride of lions A school of whales A crew of sailors A crowd of people A broad of chickens A catch of fish A cloud of insects A colony of gulls A drove of horses

Read the newspaper or magazine advertisement your facilitator gives you. In one minute, write down all the nouns. Compete with a partner and see who finds the most nouns and identifies them correctly.

Activity 2: Listening exercise Revise pronouns, then listen to a radio advertisement. As you listen, write down as many pronouns as you can, and identify them. The learner with the most correctly identified pronouns wins.

1.

Pronouns Pronouns take the place of nouns. Study the information and make sure you understand the function of each pronoun.

Pronoun

1. Personal

Š Impaq

Definition

Sentences Examples As the subject: I am enjoying the dance classes. You should I, me, you, she, he, take part. it, we, they, him As the object: I asked her whether she would be my dance partner.

Refers to people or things without giving their names. Use them in place of nouns to avoid repetition of the noun

18

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Pronoun

Definition

Sentences I was given a new Indicates ownership puppy for my birthday.

The puppy is mine.

Point out specific This is mine. That is people, places or things yours.

Who is that?

Used to ask questions What are you doing?

My baby sister has The action of the verb learnt to feed herself. is turned back on the We had to do all the subject work ourselves.

Sindiwe Magona, who grew up listening to Introduces adjective isiXhosa folktales, clauses wrote one of the short stories in our book.

2. Possessive

3. Demonstrative 4. Interrogative 5. Reflexive 6. Relative

The pirate said, ‘Someone has stolen my treasure!

Refer to people or things in a general way

7. Indefinite

2.

Unit

Visual

Best

who, whose, whom, which, that anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, none, someone, somebody, something

Never to be repeated Special offer Emotion

Media

Elements

Compare

First 50 customers

FREE!

Conversation

Save

Font

Now

ONLY!

Get 2 for 1!

Buy 3 skincare products and get the cheapest one free

Today only!

Lowest prices

New

Tried and tested

this, that, these, those who, which, what, whose, to whom myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, themselves

Design

Buy now!

Never again will you see these prices!

Song

Examples mine, yours, hers, his, it’s, ours, theirs

Circle the words used by advertisers to manipulate buyers.

Bargain

1

Reduced Improved

Sale

Results guaranteed

Last year’s prices

Symbol

Reduced

Act now!

19

Up to 50% off Safe Discount

Great value

© Impaq

Unit

3.

4.

5.

6.

1

Study Guide G09 ~ English Home Language

Listen to and/or watch at least ten advertisements across all media. See how many manipulative words or techniques you can add to the list.

Copy your favourite logo.

Share two of your favourite slogans.

Explain which advertisements you liked the most and why.

Tone is the attitude we convey by the way we speak (diction) or write, or the feeling we convey by the way we say the words.

Body language is the way our movements, facial expressions, the way we stand or sit, and our gestures convey how we feel about what we are saying, or what another person is saying, without us saying anything.

Say this sentence a few times using a different tone each time: That’s incredible news! Notice the difference your tone of voice makes. Also, note the body language you use each time you change your tone.

Pacing in speaking is the speed at which we say something. The pace conveys our feeling or emotion about what we are saying. A slow pace can convey thoughtfulness or boredom. A medium pace can convey calmness and reason. A fast pace conveys a more emotional state such as excitement or anger. In a story, it is the speed at which the story unfolds.

7.

© Impaq

Listen to the advertisements your facilitator reads to you. Read the questions. Make notes the second time you listen and answer the questions. Write only the number and the letter, for example, 1 c.

1.

What is KFC’s tagline? a) Always fresher b) KFC, so good! c) Flame grilled, it just tastes better 2.

What device do both adverts use to promote the products? a) Comedy b) Tragedy c) Melodrama 3.

What is advertised in the second advert? a) Five Roses tea b) Nestlé Hot Chocolate c) Milo 4.

The second product makes a claim, what is it? a) It boosts the calcium content of a glass of milk by nearly 70% b) Kids love it c) You can only drink it in the morning 5.

Who are the characters in the second advert? a) Father and daughter b) Brother and sister c) Mother and son 6.

In which category can we place KFC? a) Healthy food b) Junk food c) Wholefoods 7.

Who is the character mentioned in the KFC advert? a) Joanne b) Sarah c) Jessica 8.

What is the difference in delivery between the two adverts? a) Both have a narrator b) One has a narrator, the other two characters c) They both have characters 9.

The word KFC is mentioned: a) Five times b) Three times c) Six times 20