Gr 6-Mathematics-Facilitator's Guide

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MATHEMATICS FACILITATOR’S GUIDE Grade 6

A member of the FUTURELEARN group

Mathematics Facilitator’s guide

CAPS aligned

Y Neuhoff M Prinsloo

2006-E-MAM-FG01

Í4&È-E-MAM-FG01%Î

Grade 6

Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 7 LESSON ELEMENTS ............................................................................................................... 8 YEAR PLAN.............................................................................................................................. 9 UNIT 1.1: Whole numbers ..................................................................................................... 13 Lesson 1.1: Whole numbers .............................................................................. 14 Lesson 1.2: Whole numbers .............................................................................. 17 Mental maths 1 ............................................................................ 17 Activity 1 ...................................................................................... 18 Lesson 1.3: Whole numbers .............................................................................. 18 Mental maths 2 ............................................................................ 18 Activity 2 ...................................................................................... 19 Lesson 1.4: Counting and subtracting with 10, 100 and 1 000 .......................... 21 Lesson 1.5: Counting and subtracting with 10, 100 and 1 000 .......................... 23 Mental maths 3 ............................................................................ 23 Activity 3 ...................................................................................... 24 UNIT 1.2: Numbers ................................................................................................................ 28 Lesson 1.6: Number sentences, counting and subtraction of numbers .............. 28 Lesson 1.7: Whole numbers: counting, ordering, comparing, representing and place value ................................................................................... 30 Mental maths 4 ............................................................................ 30 Activity 4 ...................................................................................... 31 Lesson 1.8: Vertical and horizontal .................................................................... 32 Mental maths 5 ............................................................................ 33 Activity 5 ...................................................................................... 34 Lesson 1.9: Rounding off ................................................................................... 35 Mental maths 6 ............................................................................ 35 Activity 6 ...................................................................................... 36 Mental maths 7 ............................................................................ 37 Activity 7 ...................................................................................... 38 Lesson 1.10: Divide by 10, 100 and 1 000 ......................................................... 40 Mental maths 8 ............................................................................ 41 Activity 8 ...................................................................................... 42 Lesson 1.11: Revision ....................................................................................... 44 Lesson 1.12: Revision ....................................................................................... 47 UNIT 2.0: Fractions ................................................................................................................ 52 Lesson 2.1: Fractions ........................................................................................ 53 Mental maths 9 ............................................................................ 54 Activity 9 ...................................................................................... 55 Lesson 2.2: Common fractions .......................................................................... 57 Mental maths 10 .......................................................................... 58 Activity 10 .................................................................................... 59 Lesson 2.3: Common fractions .......................................................................... 61 Mental maths 11 .......................................................................... 61 Activity 11 .................................................................................... 62 Lesson 2.4: Equivalent fractions ........................................................................ 65 Mental maths 12 .......................................................................... 66 Activity 12 .................................................................................... 67 1

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Lesson 2.5: Solving fractions ............................................................................. 70 Mental maths 13 .......................................................................... 70 Activity 13 .................................................................................... 71 Lesson 2.6: Revision ......................................................................................... 74 UNIT 3.0: Time ....................................................................................................................... 77 Lesson 3.1: 12-hour time and 24-hour time ....................................................... 78 Mental maths 14 .......................................................................... 79 Activity 14 .................................................................................... 80 Lesson 3.2: Calculate time ................................................................................ 81 Mental maths 15 .......................................................................... 82 Activity 15 .................................................................................... 83 Lesson 3.3: Calendar and time zones ............................................................... 84 Mental maths 16 .......................................................................... 85 Activity 16 .................................................................................... 86 UNIT 4.0: 2D shapes .............................................................................................................. 89 Lesson 4.1: Sides of a 2D shape ....................................................................... 90 Mental maths 17 .......................................................................... 98 Activity 17 .................................................................................... 92 Lesson 4.2: 2D different angels ......................................................................... 93 Mental maths 18 .......................................................................... 98 Activity 18 .................................................................................... 99 Lesson 4.3: 2D parallelograms and rectangles ................................................ 100 Mental maths 19 ........................................................................ 101 Activity 19 .................................................................................. 102 UNIT 5.0: Data handling ...................................................................................................... 103 Lesson 5.1: Data handling ............................................................................... 104 Mental maths 20 ........................................................................ 106 Activity 20 .................................................................................. 107 Lesson 5.2: Data handling ............................................................................... 110 Mental maths 21 ........................................................................ 111 Activity 21 .................................................................................. 116 Lesson 5.3: Data handling ............................................................................... 114 Mental maths 22 ........................................................................ 115 Activity 22 .................................................................................. 116 Lesson 5.4: Data handling ............................................................................... 117 Mental maths 23 ........................................................................ 117 Activity 23 .................................................................................. 118 UNIT 6.1: Number patterns ................................................................................................. 121 Lesson 6.1: Number patterns .......................................................................... 122 Mental maths 24 ........................................................................ 122 Activity 24 .................................................................................. 123 Lesson 6.2: Number patterns .......................................................................... 126 Mental maths 25 ........................................................................ 126 Activity 25 .................................................................................. 127 UNIT 6.2: Whole numbers ................................................................................................... 130 Lesson 6.3: Whole numbers ............................................................................ 131 Mental maths 26 ........................................................................ 131 Activity 26 .................................................................................. 132 Š Impaq

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Lesson 6.4: Whole numbers ............................................................................ 134 Mental maths 27 ........................................................................ 135 Activity 27 .................................................................................. 136 Lesson 6.5: Whole numbers ............................................................................ 138 UNIT 6.3: Whole numbers: Multiplication .......................................................................... 140 Lesson 6.6: Multiplication ................................................................................ 141 Mental maths 28 ........................................................................ 143 Activity 28 .................................................................................. 144 Lesson 6.7: Multiplication ................................................................................ 146 Mental maths 29 ........................................................................ 148 Activity 29 .................................................................................. 149 UNIT 7.1: Shapes: Properties of 3D objects ...................................................................... 151 Lesson 7.1: 3D objects .................................................................................... 151 Mental maths 30 ........................................................................ 154 Activity 30 .................................................................................. 155 Activity 31 .................................................................................. 158 UNIT 7.2: Shapes: Geometric problems ............................................................................ 160 Lesson 7.2: Geometric patterns ....................................................................... 161 Mental maths 31 ........................................................................ 161 Activity 32 .................................................................................. 162 UNIT 7.3: Shapes: Symmetry .............................................................................................. 167 Lesson 7.3: Geometric problems ..................................................................... 167 Mental maths 32 ........................................................................ 167 Activity 33 .................................................................................. 169 UNIT 8.1: Division ................................................................................................................ 172 Lesson 8.1: Division ........................................................................................ 172 Mental maths 33 ........................................................................ 173 Activity 34 .................................................................................. 174 Lesson 8.2: Division ........................................................................................ 175 Mental maths 34 ........................................................................ 177 Activity 35 .................................................................................. 174 UNIT 8.2: Decimal fractions ................................................................................................ 181 Lesson 8.3: Decimal fractions .......................................................................... 181 Mental maths 35 ........................................................................ 184 Activity 36 .................................................................................. 185 Lesson 8.4: Decimal fractions .......................................................................... 187 Mental maths 36 ........................................................................ 189 Activity 37 .................................................................................. 190 Lesson 8.5: Decimal fractions .......................................................................... 193 Mental maths 37 ........................................................................ 193 Activity 38 .................................................................................. 194 UNIT 9.1: Capacity: Volume ................................................................................................ 196 Lesson 9.1: Capacity and volume .................................................................... 197 Mental maths 38 ........................................................................ 198 Activity 39 .................................................................................. 199 3

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Lesson 9.2: Capacity and volume.................................................................... 200 Mental maths 39 ........................................................................ 200 Activity 40 .................................................................................. 201 Lesson 9.3: Capacity and volume.................................................................... 203 Mental maths 40 ........................................................................ 203 Activity 41 .................................................................................. 204 UNIT 9.2: Capacity: Mass .................................................................................................... 207 Lesson 9.4: Capacity and volume .................................................................... 208 Mental maths 41 ........................................................................ 209 Activity 42 .................................................................................. 210 UNIT 10.0: Whole numbers: Addition and subtraction ..................................................... 211 Lesson 10.1: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 212 Mental maths 42 ........................................................................ 214 Activity 43 .................................................................................. 215 Lesson 10.2: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 217 Mental maths 43 ........................................................................ 217 Activity 44 .................................................................................. 218 Lesson 10.3: Patterns ...................................................................................... 220 Mental maths 44 ........................................................................ 220 Activity 45 .................................................................................. 221 UNIT 11.1: Shapes: Viewing objects .................................................................................. 222 Lesson 11.1: Viewing objects .......................................................................... 222 Mental maths 45 ........................................................................ 224 Activity 46 .................................................................................. 225 UNIT 11.2: Shapes: Properties of 2D shapes .................................................................... 230 Lesson 11.2: Properties of 2D shapes ............................................................. 231 Mental maths 46 ........................................................................ 233 Activity 47 .................................................................................. 234 Lesson 11.3: Viewing objects .......................................................................... 237 Mental maths 47 ........................................................................ 238 Activity 48 .................................................................................. 239 UNIT 11.3: Transformation .................................................................................................. 240 Lesson 11.4: Transformation ........................................................................... 240 Mental maths 48 ........................................................................ 242 Activity 49 .................................................................................. 243 UNIT 11.4: Shapes: Length ................................................................................................. 246 Lesson 11.5: Length ........................................................................................ 246 Mental maths 49 ........................................................................ 249 Activity 50 .................................................................................. 250 Lesson 11.6: Length ........................................................................................ 253 Mental maths 50 ........................................................................ 254 Activity 51 .................................................................................. 255 UNIT 12.0: Temperature ...................................................................................................... 257 Lesson 12.1: Temperature .............................................................................. 258 Mental maths 51 ........................................................................ 259 Activity 52 .................................................................................. 260 Š Impaq

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Lesson 12.2: Percentage ................................................................................. 262 Mental maths 52 ........................................................................ 264 Activity 53 .................................................................................. 265 Lesson 12.3: Percentage ................................................................................. 267 Mental maths 53 ........................................................................ 268 Activity 54 .................................................................................. 269 UNIT 13.0: Data handling .................................................................................................... 272 Lesson 13.1: Data handling ............................................................................. 272 Mental maths 54 ........................................................................ 273 Activity 55 .................................................................................. 274 Lesson 13.2: Data handling ............................................................................. 277 Mental maths 55 ........................................................................ 278 Activity 56 .................................................................................. 279 Lesson 13.3: Data handling ............................................................................. 280 Mental maths 56 ........................................................................ 282 Activity 57 .................................................................................. 283 UNIT 14.1: Whole numbers ................................................................................................. 287 Lesson 14.1: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 287 Mental maths 57 ........................................................................ 289 Activity 58 .................................................................................. 290 Lesson 14.2: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 291 Mental maths 58 ........................................................................ 292 Activity 59 .................................................................................. 293 UNIT 14.2: Whole numbers ................................................................................................. 294 Lesson 14.3: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 294 Mental maths 59 ........................................................................ 296 Activity 60 .................................................................................. 297 UNIT 14.3: Whole numbers ................................................................................................. 301 Lesson 14.4: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 301 Mental maths 60 ........................................................................ 303 Activity 61 .................................................................................. 304 UNIT 14.4: Whole numbers ................................................................................................. 315 Lesson 14.5: Whole numbers .......................................................................... 316 Mental maths 61 ........................................................................ 317 Activity 62 .................................................................................. 319 UNIT 15.0: Common fractions ............................................................................................ 322 Lesson 15.1: Fractions .................................................................................... 322 Mental maths 62 ........................................................................ 322 Activity 63 .................................................................................. 323 Lesson 15.2: Fractions .................................................................................... 326 Mental maths 63 ........................................................................ 326 Activity 64 .................................................................................. 327 UNIT 16.1: Shapes: Properties of 3D objects .................................................................... 330 Lesson 16.1: Properties of 3D objects ............................................................. 330 Mental maths 64 ........................................................................ 330 Activity 65 .................................................................................. 331 5

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Lesson 16.2: Properties of 3D shapes ............................................................. 333 Mental maths 65 ........................................................................ 333 Activity 66 .................................................................................. 334 Lesson 16.3: Properties of 3D shapes ............................................................. 336 Mental maths 66 ........................................................................ 336 Activity 67 .................................................................................. 337 UNIT 16.2: Shapes: Perimeter and volume ........................................................................ 341 Lesson 16.4: Perimeter, surface area and volume .......................................... 341 Mental maths 67 ........................................................................ 345 Activity 68 .................................................................................. 346 Lesson 16.5: Perimeter, surface area and volume .......................................... 349 Mental maths 68 ........................................................................ 349 Activity 69 .................................................................................. 350 UNIT 16.3: Shapes: Transformation ................................................................................... 353 Lesson 16.6: Transformation ........................................................................... 353 Mental maths 69 ........................................................................ 356 Activity 70 .................................................................................. 357 UNIT 17.1: Time ................................................................................................................... 360 Lesson 17.1: Time and geometry .................................................................... 360 UNIT 17.2: Location and direction ...................................................................................... 365 Lesson 17.2: Location and direction ................................................................ 365 Mental maths 70 ........................................................................ 368 Activity 71 .................................................................................. 369 UNIT 18.0: Probability ......................................................................................................... 371 Lesson 18.1: Probability .................................................................................. 371 Mental maths 71 ........................................................................ 372 Activity 72 .................................................................................. 373 UNIT 19.0: Quick exercises ................................................................................................. 376 Lesson 19.1: Mental maths – extra exercises .................................................. 376 Mental maths 72 ........................................................................ 376 Mental maths 73 ........................................................................ 377 Mental maths 74 ........................................................................ 378 Mental maths 75 ........................................................................ 379 Mental maths 76 ........................................................................ 380 Mental maths 77 ........................................................................ 381 Mental maths 78 ........................................................................ 382 Mental maths 79 ........................................................................ 383 Mental maths 80 ........................................................................ 384 Mental maths 81 ........................................................................ 385 Mental maths 82 ........................................................................ 386

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

INTRODUCTION This introduction serves as a guideline on how to use the product as well as an overview of the requirements set out by the CAPS curriculum.

Time management A minimum of 6 hours per week should be spent on Mathematics to cover all the work. This does not include the time spent on activities, repetition exercises and revision. Ensure that learners spend enough time on these aspects during the week, over and above the normal time allocated to Mathematics per day.

It is important to practise maths every day and not skip a day unnecessarily, even if it is only activities.

Topics In the Intermediate Phase, Mathematics focuses on five topics: • Numbers, operations and relationships • Patterns, functions and algebra • Geometry (space and shape) • Measurement • Data handling Topics are covered in more than one term, so it is important that learners remember what they learnt previously regarding the specific topic.

Mental maths Mental maths is done at the beginning of every lesson. Make sure that learners have the relevant knowledge and skills to complete the mental maths successfully. Motivate learners to give their best when doing the mental maths – it develops new skills and can give them more self-confidence in Mathematics.

Learners can gradually start working on their own in Grade 6. However, it is still necessary for the teacher/facilitator to interact with and help them. It is very important that learners have a positive attitude toward Mathematics, and that they remain motivated. This may influence their performance, now and in future.

Innovative ways to present Mathematics It is always a good idea to have resources available. Learners learn best when they can see, feel, hear, smell and even taste. However, it is not always easy to include all the senses when it comes to maths. Below are a few websites with ideas on innovative ways to present Mathematics: • • • • •

http://bit.ly/2IgJGt9 http:// bit.ly/2Gin7IH http:// nyti./ms/2P2pFak http:// bit.ly/2uYoiAp http:// bit.ly/2P7Zqzp

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

LESSON ELEMENTS LEARNING AIMS What learners should know at the end of the lesson. Taken from CAPS.

IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY New terminology to extend understanding of the subject as part of the lesson.

DEFINE Definitions of concepts to understand the content.

IMPORTANT Explain misunderstandings; possible confusion regarding existing knowledge.

ACTIVITY Questions that must be done in order to test the knowledge of the completed lesson.

STUDY/REVISION Time spent to study the content in conclusion of the unit and in preparation for the test or examination.

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

YEAR PLAN Remember: Mental maths is part of every day’s programme.

UNIT

LESSONS

Term 1 Unit 1 Numbers 1.1

DATE STARTED

DATE COMPLETED

Whole numbers Counting, ordering, comparing, representing and place value (Lesson 1.1–1.5, Mental maths 1–3, Activity 1–3 and Revision exercise 1.1)

Whole numbers Number sentences, counting and subtraction

1.2 (Lesson 1.6–1.12, Mental maths 4–8, Activity 4–8 and Revision exercise 1.2.1 and 1.2.2)

Common fractions Unit 2 Fractions

(Lesson 2.1–2.6, Mental maths 9–13, Activity 9–13 and Revision exercise 2.1)

Time Unit 3 Units

(Lesson 3.1–3.3, Mental maths 14–16, Activity 14–16)

Properties of 2D shapes Unit 4 Shapes

(Lesson 4.1–4.3, Mental maths 17–19, Activity 17–19)

Data handling Unit 5 Data

Term 2 Unit 6 Numbers 6.1

(Lesson 5.1–5.4, Mental maths 20–23, Activity 20–23)

(Time allocation – 10 weeks) Term 1 test: Unit 1–5 Number patterns (Lesson 6.1–6.2, Mental maths 24–25, Activity 24–25)

Whole numbers 6.2

Counting, ordering, comparing, representing and place value (Lesson 6.3–6.5, Mental maths 26–27, Activity 26–27 and Revision exercise 3)

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Whole numbers Multiplication

6.3

Unit 7 Shapes 7.1

(Lesson 6.6–6.7, Mental maths 28–29, Activity 28–29)

Properties of 3D objects (Lesson 7.1, Mental maths 30, Activity 30–31)

Geometric patterns 7.2 (Lesson 7.2, Mental maths 31, Activity 32)

Symmetry 7.3 (Lesson 7.3, Mental maths 32, Activity 33)

Unit 8 Numbers 8.1

Whole numbers Division (Lesson 8.1–8.2, Mental maths 33–34, Activity 34–35)

Decimal fractions 8.2

Unit 9 Units 9.1

(Lesson 8.3–8.5, Mental maths 35–37, Activity 36–38)

Capacity Volume (Lesson 9.1–9.3, Mental maths 38–40, Activity 39–41)

Mass 9.2

Term 3 Unit 10 Numbers 10.1

(Lesson 9.4, Mental maths 41, Activity 42)

June examination (Unit 1–9.2) Whole numbers Counting and subtraction (Lesson 10.1–10.2, Mental maths 42–43, Activity 43–44)

Number patterns 10.2 (Lesson 10.3, Mental maths 44, Activity 45)

Unit 11 Shapes 11.1

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Viewing objects (Lesson 11.1, Mental maths 45, Activity 46)

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Properties of 2D shapes 11.2

(Lesson 11.2–11.3, Mental maths 46–47, Activity 47–48)

Transformation 11.3 (Lesson 11.4, Mental maths 48, Activity 49)

Length 11.4 Unit 12 Units 12.1

(Lesson 11.5–11.6, Mental maths 49–50, Activity 50–51)

Temperature (Lesson 12.1, Mental maths 51, Activity 52)

Percentages 12.2

(Lesson 12.2–12.3, Mental maths 52–53, Activity 53–54)

Data handling Unit 13 Data

(Lesson 13.1–13.3, Mental maths 54–56, Activity 55–57)

Whole numbers Unit 14 Numbers 14.1

Counting, ordering, comparing, representing and place value (Lesson 14.1–14.2, Mental maths 57–58, Activity 58–59)

Whole numbers 14.2

Multiplication (Lesson 14.3, Mental maths 59, Activity 60)

Whole numbers 14.3

Division (Lesson 14.4, Mental maths 60, Activity 61)

Number sentences 14.4

Term 4 Unit 15 Fractions

(Lesson 14.5, Mental maths 61, Activity 62)

(Time allocation – 10 weeks) Term 3 test: Unit 10–14.4 Common fractions (Lesson 15.1–15.2, Mental maths 62–63, Activity 63–64)

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Unit 16 Shapes 16.1

Properties of 3D objects (Lesson 16.1–16.3, Mental maths 64–66, Activity 65–67)

Area, perimeter and volume 16.2

(Lesson 16.4–16.5, Mental maths 67–68, Activity 68–69)

Transformation 16.3 (Lesson 16.6, Mental maths 69, Activity 70)

Unit 17 Units 17.1

The history of measuring units (Lesson 17.1, Videos that can be watched)

Location and directions 17.2 (Lesson 17.2, Mental maths 70, Activity 71)

Unit 18 Probability Unit 19 Mental maths

Probability (Lesson 18.1, Mental maths 71, Activity 72)

Extra exercises (Lesson 19.1, Mental maths 72–82)

November examination (Unit 1–19)

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Unit

1.1

UNIT 1.1: Whole numbers LEARNING AIMS After learners have completed Unit 1.1, they must be able to do the following: • • • • •

Know what even numbers and odd numbers are.

Know what will happen when you add even and odd numbers.

Identify place value.

Break down numbers using expanded notation.

Round off to the nearest 5, 10, 100 and 1 000.

REVISION OF GRADE 5 Recognise and represent numbers so that it can be described and compared.

74 383 = Seventy-four thousand three hundred and eighty-three (Describe) 74 383 = 70 000 + 4 000 + 300 + 80 + 3 (Compare) = 7TTh + 4Th + 3H + 8T + 3U (Compare) = (7 × 10 000) + (4 × 1 000) + (3 × 100) + (8 × 10) + (3 × 1) (Compare) Whole numbers to at least 6-digit numbers.

746 039 (Read, compare and write) Recognise place value of digits in whole numbers up to 6-digit numbers.

746 039 = Place values HTh TTh Th H T 7 4 6 0 3 Rounding off to the nearest 5, 10, 100 or 1 000.

9 583 = Rounding off to the nearest: 5 10 100 9 583 9 585 9 580 9 600

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U 9

1 000 10 000

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Unit

Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

1.1

Addition and subtraction of whole numbers up to 5 digits.

46 546 – 9 789 36 757

+

46 546 9 789 56 335

Multiplication of 3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers.

543 × 84 45 612 Division of 3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers.

32 remainder 11 21 683 Double and halve whole numbers.

Number 54 272

Double original number (54 + 54) or (54 × 2) = 108 (272 + 272) or (272 × 2) = 544

Halve original number (54 ÷ 2) = 27 (272 ÷ 2) = 136

Lesson 1.1: Whole numbers

IMPORTANT Whole numbers are numbers without fractions or decimals. Whole numbers are always positive and never negative. Remember, 0 is also a whole number. A whole number can be an even or odd number.

Natural numbers are all numbers that are not negative, a fraction or 0. The number 0 is excluded from natural numbers.

Even numbers Even numbers always end on 2, 4, 6, 8 or 0.

When an even number is divided by 2, it is divided into equal parts without a remainder.

For example: 8 ÷ 2 = 4

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Unit

1.1

Odd numbers Odd numbers always end on 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9.

An odd number cannot be divided by 2.

When an odd number is divided by 2, we get remainders.

For example: 7 ÷ 2 = 3,5 Place value The value of a digit depends on its position in the number.

For example: Th, H, T, U Th = Thousands H = Hundreds T = Tens For example: 2 496 Th 2

H 4

T 9

U = Units

U 6

Expanded notation There are three ways to write a number in expanded notation or expanded form.

For example: 35 974 1. 30 000 + 5 000 + 900 + 70 + 4 2. (3 × 10 000) + (5 × 1 000) + (9 × 100) + (7 × 10) + (4 × 1) 3. 3TTh + 5Th + 9H + 7T + 4U Rounding off Rounding off means that a number is taken to the nearest 10, 100 or 1 000.

To the nearest 10: When a number ends on 1, 2, 3 or 4, it goes to the previous 10.

When a number ends on 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, it goes to the next 10.

For example:

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

To the nearest 100: When a number of the Tens ends on 1, 2, 3 or 4, it goes to the previous 100.

When a number of the Tens ends on 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, it goes to the next 100.

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Unit

Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

1.1

For example:

0

10

20

30 40

50 60 70

80 90 100

Even number + even number = even number Even number + odd number = odd number Odd number + odd number = even number Prime numbers A prime number is a number that can only be divided by 1 and itself. It is a number that has exactly two factors.

E.g., 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 11 ÷ 1 = 11 ✓ 11 ÷ 11 = 1 ✓ × by 10 Any number × 10 = tag a 0 on the end of the number.

For example: 8 × 10 = 80 112 × 10 = 1 120 × by 0 Any number × 0 = always 0 For example: 1 × 0 = 0 999 × 0 = 0

IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY = > < ≠ ≈ & 2D shape 3D object

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: : : : : : : :

equal to greater than less than not equal to approximately equal to and two-dimensional shape three-dimensional object

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Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

Unit

1.1

Lesson 1.2: Whole numbers Mental maths 1 The learners have to do mental maths every day. They should work as quickly and accurately as possible and they only have to write down the answers 1.

4×7=

28

21.

1×2=

2

2.

8×7=

56

22.

5×2=

10

3.

6×7=

42

23.

8×3=

24

4.

1×7=

7

24.

7×4=

28

5.

3×7=

21

25.

9×2=

18

6.

5×7=

35

26.

2×2×2=

8

7.

0×7=

0

27.

3×3=

9

8.

10 × 7 =

70

28.

4×4=

16

9.

7×7=

49

29.

5×3=

15

10.

9×7=

63

30.

2×6=

12

11.

2×7=

14

31.

5×5=

25

12.

63 ÷ 7 =

9

32.

2×2=

4

13.

35 ÷ 7 =

5

33.

6×3=

18

14.

14 ÷ 7 =

2

34.

9×4=

36

15.

42 ÷ 7 =

6

35.

6×6=

36

16.

28 ÷ 7 =

4

36.

7×7=

49

17.

70 ÷ 7 =

10

37.

4×2×2=

16

18.

56 ÷ 7 =

8

38.

1×0=

0

19.

49 ÷ 7 =

7

39.

9×5=

45

20.

21 ÷ 7 =

3

40.

10 × 3 =

30

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Unit

Facilitator’s Guide G06 ~ Mathematics

1.1 Activity 1

1.

Indicate whether the following statements are true or false.

If the statement is false, correct the statement to make it true.

1.1 1.2 1.3

2.

0, 1 and 2 are natural numbers. False – counting numbers 1, 2 and 3 are counting numbers. False – natural numbers The product of any odd number and any other odd number will be an odd number. True

Circle all the even numbers.

26 57 89 32 127 0 3.

28

93

127

Circle all the odd numbers.

69 52 73 21 11 67 59 33 22 4.

5.

Colour the odd numbers.

23 8 16 91 55 102 261 72

10 75

53 32

64 37

89 40

69 623

27 16

Colour the even numbers.

28 34 63 25 19 16 37 83

91 74

73 81

84 20

6 69

67 90

21 93

Lesson 1.3: Whole numbers Mental maths 2 The learners have to do mental maths every day. They should work as quickly and accurately as possible and they only have to write down the answers.

1.

8×6=

48

21.

1×4=

4

2.

5×4=

20

22.

1 × 10 =

10

3.

9×8=

72

23.

2×2=

4

4.

7 × 10 =

70

24.

3×5=

15

5.

4×8=

32

25.

6×3=

18

6.

5 × 10 =

50

26.

4×2=

8

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