Gr 4-Natural Sciences and Technology-Facilitator's Guide

Í2’È-E-TEC-FG01ÇÎ

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NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITATOR’S GUIDE

Grade 4

A member of the FUTURELEARN group

Natural Sciences and Technology Facilitator’s guide

1804-E-NST-FG01

Í2$È-E-NST-FG01’Î

Grade 4

CAPS aligned

L Young

Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

CONTENTS

LESSON ELEMENTS.......................................................................................................... 3 PREFACE............................................................................................................................ 4 RECOMMENDED BOOK .................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 4 TIMETABLE AND TIME MANAGEMENT ........................................................................... 5 ASSESSMENT REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 6 STUDY TIPS........................................................................................................................ 7 YEAR PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 8 UNIT 1: Life and living things, and structures ................................................................. 9 LESSON 1: Living and non-living things .................................................................... 10 Investigation 1.1: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 10 Activity 1.1: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 11 Activity 1.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 12 LESSON 2: What plants need to grow ...................................................................... 13 Investigation 2.1: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 13 LESSON 3: Habitats of animals ................................................................................ 13 Activity 3.1: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 13 Activity 3.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 15 LESSON 4: Structures of plants and animals ............................................................ 15 Activity 4.1: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 15 Activity 4.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 16 LESSON 5: structures for animal shelters ................................................................. 20 Activity 5.1: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 20 UNIT 2: Matter and materials, and structures ................................................................ 22 LESSON 6: Material around us ................................................................................. 23 Activity 6.1: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 23 Activity 6.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 24 Investigation 6.2: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 24 Activity 6.3: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 25 Investigation 6.3: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 26 LESSON 7: Solids ..................................................................................................... 27 Investigation 7.1: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 27 Activity 7.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 28 LESSON 8: Reinforcing material ............................................................................... 28 Investigation 8.1: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 28 LESSON 9: Strong frame structures ......................................................................... 29 Investigation 9.1: MEMORANDUM ................................................................... 29 Activity 9.2: MEMORANDUM ............................................................................ 30

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

UNIT 3: Energy and change, and systems and control ................................................ 31 LESSON 10: Energy and energy transfer ................................................................. 32 Activity 10.2: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 32 LESSON 11: Energy around us................................................................................. 33 Activity 11.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 33 Activity 11.2: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 34 LESSON 12: Motion and energy in a system ............................................................ 35 Activity 12.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 35 LESSON 13: Energy and sound ................................................................................ 35 Activity 13.2: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 35 Activity 13.3: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 36 UNIT 4: Planet Earth and space, and systems and control .......................................... 37 LESSON 14: Planet Earth ......................................................................................... 38 Activity 14.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 38 Activity 14.2: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 39 LESSON 15: The sun ................................................................................................ 40 Activity 15.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 40 LESSON 16: The earth and the sun .......................................................................... 41 Activity 16.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 41 LESSON 17: The moon ............................................................................................. 41 Activity 17.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 41 Activity 17.2: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 42 LESSON 18: Rocket systems.................................................................................... 43 Activity 18.1: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................... 43 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 44

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

YEAR PLAN UNIT

1

2

3

4

LESSON

DATE STARTED

DATE COMPLETED

Lesson 1: Living and non-living things Lesson 2: What plants need to grow Lesson 3: Habitats of animals Lesson 4: Structures of plants and animals Lesson 5: Structures for animal shelters Lesson 6: Materials around us Lesson 7: Solids Lesson 8: Reinforcement of materials Lesson 9: Strong frame structures Lesson 10: Energy and the transfer of energy Lesson 11: Energy around us Lesson 12: Motion and energy in a system Lesson 13: Energy and sound Lesson 14: Planet Earth Lesson 15: The sun Lesson 16: The earth and the sun Lesson 17: The moon Lesson 18: Rocket system

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

UNIT 1: Life and living things, and structures LEARNING AIMS After the learner has completed this unit, he/she should be able to do the following: • Sort a selection of living and non-living things • Identify and describe the parts of a plant • Identify and describe the parts of an animal • Grow plants from seeds, measure and record their growth • Describe different habitats • Design, draw and evaluate an animal shelter

This unit should be completed in 10 weeks. Remember that these 10 weeks exclude all assessments and activities. Ensure that the learner leaves enough time to complete all the activities as well as the assessments in the portfolio book. In this unit the learner will learn about things we see every day.

IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY At the end of each lesson there is a list of important terminology. Make sure that you know these terms and that you know what each one of these terms means.

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

LESSON 1: Living and non-living things Investigation 1.1: MEMORANDUM Number 1 to 4 of this method are marked by means of the following rubric. Number 5 and 6 are marked according to a memorandum.

Number 1 1 The learner put a bit of water in the bottle and swirled it around so that the sides of the bottle became wet.

2 The learner put the moist paper towel into the glass bottle.

3 The learner placed the bean into the bottle.

4 The learner gave the bean a bit of water every few days.

5.

0 The learner did not put water in the bottle or did not swirl the bottle around so that the sides of the bottle became wet.

The learner did not put the moist paper towel into the glass bottle.

The learner did not place the bean into the bottle.

The learner did not give the bean a bit of water every few days.

The learner must refer to what has been observed:  The germination of the bean.   The roots that can be seen. 

6.

(2)

Bean that grows in a bottle Bean plant

Glass bottle

Bean Paper towel Roots Heading  Correct drawing Any two captions 

(4) [10] 10

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

Activity 1.1: MEMORANDUM 1.

One mark for each correct tick.

(14) One mark for every reason. The learner must refer to feeding, growth, reproduction, breathing, excretion, senses and movement (The seven life processes.)

(14) 2.

Guidelines for the marking of the mind map: Mind map Colourful Heading/clear centre Seven life processes Explanation for every life process

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

Activity 1.2: MEMORANDUM 1.

2.

Headings correct on both papers All living things grouped together on a page All non-living things grouped together on a page Pictures cut from old magazines and pasted

(6)

Bacteria Fungi Viruses Amoeba (this is a single-cell creature) (Any three)

(6)

3.

0 The learner did not look for any pictures.

1 The learner looked for pictures, but did not save them, or print them.

2 Only looked for and saved or printed 1 or 2 pictures.

3 3 or 4 pictures saved or printed.

4 5 pictures saved or printed.

5 More than 5 pictures saved or printed.

4.

Living or non-living

Non-living

Reason Fire or a flame is not alive. It does not breathe and doesn’t have senses. It does not procreate.

A fire does not perform biological processes and therefore does not need any feeding. Bacteria and viruses are living things. They perform all seven life processes. They are just too small for us to see with the naked eye.

Living

Non-living

Non-living

Water is not alive. It doesn’t breathe and doesn’t have senses. It also does not procreate. Water does not perform any biological processes and therefore does not need any feeding. Water is a habitat for many living things and we need it in order to live, but it is not alive itself. Stones are not alive. They do not breathe and do not have senses. They does not procreate.

Stones do not perform biological processes and therefore do not need any feeding. (8) [25] 12

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

LESSON 2: What plants need to grow Investigation 2.1: MEMORANDUM This investigation is marked by using the following rubric.

1 The learner does not have all the necessary equipment.

The learner did not follow the method.

Apparatus

Method

Observation

Results

The learner did not make notes of any observations.

No results were obtained.

2 The learner is short of one of the pieces of equipment.

3 The learner has all the equipment.

4

The learner followed the method, but needed a lot of help, or left out more than one step.

The learner made incomplete notes.

The learner followed the method, and needed very little help.

The learner followed the method fully and did not need any help from the facilitator.

The results were incomplete.

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The learner made complete notes.

The results were recorded, but the measurements were in mm.

The results were complete, but were not in table format.

The results were complete and noted in table format.

[15] LESSON 3: Habitats of animals Activity 3.1: MEMORANDUM 1.

This question is marked according to the following rubric.

Habitat

0 The learner did not identify a habitat.

Drawing

No drawing was made.

Physical factors

No physical factors were pointed out.

Available food

Predators

No available food was indicated.

No predators were indicated.

1 The learner identified the habitat with the help of the facilitator.

The drawing of the habitat is incomplete.

Physical factors were pointed out, but are incomplete.

Available food was indicated, but is incomplete.

Predators were indicated, but it is incomplete.

2 The learner identified the habitat without the help of the facilitator.

The drawing of the habitat is complete.

Physical factors were pointed out and were complete.

Available food was indicated and is complete.

Predators were indicated, and are complete.

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

2.

Unit

1

Land

Land and water

Water 1 for each correct picture in the land habitat (6) 1 for each correct picture in the water habitat (3) 2 for each correct picture in the land and water habitat (4) 2 marks for overall impression and completeness (2)

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(15) [25]

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

Activity 3.2: MEMORANDUM 1.

Wild dog Zebra Rhinoceros Cheetah African elephant (Any three) (The learner can also name other African animals.)

(3)

2.

This question must be marked according to the learner’s answer. The learner must discuss the following three things about all three animals in connection with their habitat:  Physical characteristics  Climate/temperature  Predators (3 marks × 3 animals) (9)

3.

This question must be marked according to the learner’s answer. The learner only has to provide one valid reason per animal.

(3) [15]

LESSON 4: Structures of plants and animals Activity 4.1: MEMORANDUM 1.

For every part correctly indicated on the learner’s model, 2 marks are awarded:  Flowers  Seeds  Leaves  Stem  Roots (10)

2.

1 mark is awarded for every complete cell. The learner has to give complete descriptions to get a mark.

Type of plant

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

How do its flowers look?     

How do its leaves look?     

What does the stem look like (long/short, thick/thin)     

Does the plant have seeds?

Does this plant bear fruit?

    

    

What do the roots of the plant look like?     

(30)

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

3.

Unit

1

The reason why the structures of plants differ from one another is because they live in different habitats and therefore need to have different survival and protective mechanisms. The learner can give his/her own answers here, as found in the different sources.  Sources must be listed.   (5) [45] Activity 4.2: MEMORANDUM 1.

Desert: Animal: Camel Habitat: Desert Animal: Meerkat Habitat: Desert Forest: Animal: Orangutan Habitat: Forest Animal: Tiger Habitat: Forest Marshland (water): Animal: Otter Habitat: Marshland Animal: Crocodile Habitat: Marshland

2.

(12)

Desert: A desert is very hot and dry. Forest: A forest can be hot or cold. It depends on whether it is night or day and whether it is raining or not. A forest is usually wet. Marshland (water): It will be cold in water and of course very wet.

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(6)

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

3.

Unit

1

For every animal the following rubric must be used. 10 marks are awarded per animal.

Camel Covering (skin/fur)

0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Not done in the form of a mind map.

Mind map

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

Orangutan Covering (skin/fur)

0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Not done in the form of a mind map.

Mind map

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

Otter 0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Covering (skin/fur)

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Mind map

Not done in the form of a mind map.

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

Crocodile Covering (skin/fur)

0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Mind map

Not done in the form of a mind map.

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Facilitator’s Guide G04 ~ Natural Sciences and Technology

Unit

1

Tiger Covering (skin/fur)

0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Mind map

Not done in the form of a mind map.

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

1 Refers to the covering of the animal, but not to how it has been adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal, but not to how it is adapted to its environment.

Mind map is untidy and confusing.

2 Refers to the covering of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the tail of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the head of the animal and to how it is adapted to its environment.

Refers to the feet/paws of the animal and to how they are adapted to its environment.

Mind map is neat and complete.

Meerkat Covering (skin/fur)

0 No reference to the covering of the animal.

Tail

There is no reference to the tail of the animal.

Head

There is no reference to the head of the animal.

Feet/paws

There is no reference to the feet/paws of the animal.

Mind map

Not done in the form of a mind map.

(60) 4. Face with eyes looking ahead. Hands that can hold objects. Little hair on our skin. Upright posture  (Any two – the learner can also provide his/her own valid structures) (2) [80]

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